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Oshio T. Is caring for grandchildren good for grandparents' health? Evidence from a fourteen-wave nationwide survey in Japan. J Epidemiol 2021; 32:363-369. [PMID: 33518593 PMCID: PMC9263614 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20200529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enhanced female labor force participation is raising the importance of grandparents’ caring for their grandchildren. However, previous studies have reported mixed results of the association between grandchild care and grandparents’ health. Methods Longitudinal data of 33,204 individuals born between 1946 and 1955 were collected from a 14-wave nationwide panel survey conducted from 2005 to 2018. We examined how caring for at least one co-residing grandchild aged <6 years was associated with grandparents’ psychological distress (defined by five or higher Kessler 6 score) and poor self-rated health in pooled cross-sectional, fixed-effects, and 3-year follow-up logistic models. Results While pooled cross-sectional models showed a positive association between grandchild care and grandparents’ health, the fixed-effects or follow-up logistic models did not find any significant association between them. In the case of grandmothers, the odds ratio of reporting psychological distress in response to caring for grandchildren was 0.98 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89–1.08) and 1.04 (95% CI, 0.85–1.27) observed from fixed-effects and 3-year follow-up models, respectively, compared to 0.86 (95% CI, 0.81–0.91) in the pooled cross-sectional model. Similar patterns were observed for self-rated health for grandmothers, while grandfathers’ health outcomes were not sensitive to grandchild care. These results contrasted with those of caring for parents, which had almost consistently a negative association with grandparents’ health. Conclusion The results suggest that caring for grandchildren does not have a beneficial or detrimental effect on grandparents’ health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Oshio
- Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University
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202
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Schmidt M, Ohlendorf D, Reer R, Groneberg DA, Wanke EM. [Job-related satisfaction and health perception of dance teachers]. ZENTRALBLATT FUR ARBEITSMEDIZIN ARBEITSSCHUTZ UND ERGONOMIE 2021; 71:109-117. [PMID: 33531736 PMCID: PMC7844545 DOI: 10.1007/s40664-020-00420-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hintergrund Der eigene Körper ist das zentrale Arbeitsinstrument eines*einer Tanzpädagog*in (TP) innerhalb der Bewegungsvermittlung. Bisher fehlen Erkenntnisse über die subjektive Wahrnehmung der eigenen berufsassoziierten Gesundheit und Zufriedenheit sowie die Identifizierung gesundheitsbelastender Berufsmerkmale. Methodik Im Rahmen einer fragebogenbasierten Querschnittserhebung wurde eine Kohorte von TP in Deutschland zur eigenen Gesundheit und generellen Berufszufriedenheit und belastenden Aspekten im Zusammenhang mit ihrer Berufsausübung untersucht. Zusätzlich wurden allgemeine anthropometrische und soziodemographische Merkmale erfasst. Neben der Betrachtung der Gesamtkohorte wurde auf geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede getestet. In die statistische Analyse wurden n = 232 TP (m: 51/w: 181) im Alter von 43,1 ± 11,0 Jahren eingeschlossen. Ergebnisse Der allgemeine Gesundheitszustand wurde von 85,3 % der Befragten mit „befriedigend“ (26,1 %) bis „sehr gut“ (14,7 %) beurteilt. 59,2 % der Tanzpädagog*innen schätzten ihre Gesundheit „gut“ (35,3 %) bis „sehr gut“ ein. Es herrschte eine hohe Zufriedenheit mit der eigenen Berufsausübung für 80 % der Teilnehmenden. Die TP fühlten sich überwiegend in der Lage (trifft „voll & ganz“ bzw. „eher zu“), mit den physischen (75,7 %) und psychischen Berufsanforderungen (70,3 %) umzugehen. Als belastende Berufsmerkmale in der Eigenwahrnehmung können neben Zukunftsängsten (51,5 %) vor allem arbeitsorganisatorische (fehlende Zeit für Familie und Freunde bei 28,4 %) und ökonomische Aspekte (Einkommensunsicherheit bei 61,0 % und fehlende Altersabsicherung bei 65,7 %) herausgestellt werden. Diskussion Die Berufsausübung als TP geht mit einer hohen generellen Zufriedenheit und einem positiven Empfinden des eigenen Gesundheitszustandes einher. Eine Bestätigung dieser positiven Ergebnisse durch Verletzungs- und Erkrankungsstatistiken steht noch aus. Darüber hinaus wäre eine Verbesserung arbeitsorganisatorischer und ökonomischer Aspekte wünschenswert.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Schmidt
- Fakultät für Bewegungswissenschaft, Institut für Sport und Bewegungsmedizin, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Daniela Ohlendorf
- Institut für Arbeits‑, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin, Goethe-Universität, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 9a, 60590 Frankfurt/Main, Deutschland
| | - Rüdiger Reer
- Fakultät für Bewegungswissenschaft, Institut für Sport und Bewegungsmedizin, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - David A Groneberg
- Institut für Arbeits‑, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin, Goethe-Universität, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 9a, 60590 Frankfurt/Main, Deutschland
| | - Eileen M Wanke
- Institut für Arbeits‑, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin, Goethe-Universität, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 9a, 60590 Frankfurt/Main, Deutschland
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203
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Sofija E, Harris N, Sebar B, Phung D. Who Are the Flourishing Emerging Adults on the Urban East Coast of Australia? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:1125. [PMID: 33514003 PMCID: PMC7908618 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
It is increasingly recognised that strategies to treat or prevent mental illness alone do not guarantee a mentally healthy population. Emerging adults have been identified as a particularly vulnerable population when it comes to mental health concerns. While mental illnesses are carefully monitored and researched, less is known about mental wellbeing or flourishing, that is, experience of both high hedonic and eudaimonic wellbeing. This cross-sectional study examined the prevalence of flourishing and its predictors among emerging adults in Australia. 1155 emerging adults aged 18-25 years completed a survey containing measures of wellbeing, social networks, social connectedness, health status, and socio-demographic variables. Most participants (60.4%) experienced moderate levels of wellbeing, 38.6% were flourishing and 1% were languishing (low wellbeing). Flourishers were more likely to be older, identify as Indigenous, be in a romantic relationship, study at university, perceive their family background as wealthy, rate their general health status as excellent, and have higher perceived social resources. The findings show that the majority of emerging adults are not experiencing flourishing and offer an insight into potential target groups and settings, such as vocational education colleges, for emerging adult mental health promotion. Interventions that help strengthen social resources have the potential to improve the mental wellbeing of emerging adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesta Sofija
- School of Medicine, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4222, Australia; (N.H.); (B.S.); (D.P.)
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204
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Öjefors Stark K, Olofsson N. Daily moderate-intensity physical activities and optimism promote healthy ageing in rural northern Sweden: a cross-sectional study. Int J Circumpolar Health 2021; 80:1867439. [PMID: 33463403 PMCID: PMC7833011 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2020.1867439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to explore the association between self-reported health factors and self-rated health (SRH) among an older rural population in northern Sweden and whether confounders optimistic outlook or daily moderate-intensity physical activity could moderate the association between self-reported health factors and SRH, controlling for age. The study is based on a sample (N = 1946) from the “Health on Equal Terms” Västernorrland survey 2018 aged 65–84. Prevalence and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. The results indicated most rural older people perceived very good or good SRH, though physical and mental health issues and impaired mobility increased with advanced age. Mental well-being exhibited a stronger association with poor SRH than physical health or impaired mobility. In addition, confounders optimistic outlook and daily moderate-intensity physical activity, separately and together could moderate the association between health factors and poor SRH. In conclusion, older people in a rural setting perceived good health, despite common physical and mental health issues. Promoting daily moderate-intensity physical activity and activities contributing to an optimistic outlook can protect against poor SRH in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Niclas Olofsson
- Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University , Sundsvall, Sweden.,Department of Research and Development, Region Västernorrland , Sundsvall, Sweden
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205
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Nekula P, Koob C. Associations between culture of health and employee engagement in social enterprises: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245276. [PMID: 33465159 PMCID: PMC7815090 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aging of staff and skill shortage are major challenges for social enterprises. Nurturing a workplace culture of health and fostering employee engagement could be starting points to combat these challenges. The associations between these two factors have received comparatively little attention from the scientific community, in particular with regard to social enterprises. Hence, this study aims to examine those associations, drawing on the job demands-resources theory and the social-ecological workplace culture of health model. It is hypothesized that employees’ self-rated health acts as a mediator in the relationship between culture of health and employee engagement and that health as personal value works as a moderator. Method The study used the Workplace Culture of Health scale to measure culture of health in social enterprises and UWES-9 to assess employee engagement. Data was collected administering a quantitative online survey among employees of social enterprises in Germany. The dataset for analyses comprised N = 172 employees in total. Data analyses included Pearson’s correlations, regression analysis, as well as mediation, moderation and moderated mediation analyses. Results Culture of health is a predictor of employee engagement in social enterprises. The analyses demonstrate a moderate association between culture of health and employee engagement. Indications were found that employees’ self-rated health acts as a mediator and that health as personal value acts as a moderator between culture of health and employee engagement in social enterprises. Discussion This study suggests that fostering a culture of health in social enterprises does not only have a positive effect on employee health, but also on employee engagement. This applies in particular when employees attribute great value to their health, which is to be expected even more in future. Hence, nurturing a culture of health becomes a pivotal management task in social enterprises. Moreover, a comprehensive assessment of the benefits of health promotion programs in social enterprises should not only consider their health-related outcomes, but also factor in their impact on employee engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Nekula
- Department of Health and Nursing, Catholic University of Applied Sciences Munich, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Clemens Koob
- Department of Health and Nursing, Catholic University of Applied Sciences Munich, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
- * E-mail:
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206
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Kabongo KP, Naidoo S. Factors associated with musculoskeletal pain in the past 12 months amongst female miners in a South African goldmine. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 2021; 77:1476. [PMID: 33604475 PMCID: PMC7876944 DOI: 10.4102/sajp.v77i1.1476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mineworkers, including females, are prone to work-related musculoskeletal disorders and these disorders are not well reported amongst female mineworkers in South Africa. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify the factors associated with the presence of musculoskeletal pain over a 12-month period amongst female mineworkers (n = 225) in a South African goldmine. METHOD Female mineworkers' responses to the presence of musculoskeletal pain over the previous 12-month period and their exposure to physical and psychological factors were elicited using a standardised questionnaire. Descriptive and multivariable analytical statistics were conducted to test for associations between physical and psychological factors and the presence of musculoskeletal pain over the previous 12 months. RESULTS The median age of participants was 40 years, with 50.22% of participants reporting the presence of musculoskeletal pain over the previous 12 months. On multivariable analysis, education level and good to excellent health status were protective against the existence of pain during the previous 12 months. Participants' perceived ratings of experiencing moderate-to-high pain intensities were significantly associated with reports of pain over the past 12 months. CONCLUSION These findings may raise awareness amongst physiotherapists and occupational medicine physicians about the factors associated with musculoskeletal pain amongst female mineworkers, which they can then use in managing and developing interventions aimed at improving the physical health of female mineworkers. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Our study highlights the need for medical surveillance of musculoskeletal pain in female mineworkers. A cohort study in a larger study population and across several mines will build on the existing cross-sectional information and help inform workplace interventions for female mineworkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khathutshelo P. Kabongo
- Department of Mineral Resources, Pretoria, South Africa
- Discipline of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Saloshni Naidoo
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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207
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Levant RF, Gregor M, Alto KM. Dimensionality, variance composition, and development of a brief form of the duke health profile, and its measurement invariance across five gender identity groups. Psychol Health 2021; 37:658-673. [PMID: 33449827 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2021.1871907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct advanced psychometric analyses on the Duke Health Profile, a popular measure of health-related quality of life. DESIGN Online survey. Data (N = 1233, 34.3% transgender) were from community and college participants. Dimensionality was assessed for the first time using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with part of the sample, followed by single- and multi-group confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) with the balance of the sample. RESULTS EFA resulted in a 14-item three factor structure: mental, physical and social health. CFA estimated four models (common factors, bifactor, hierarchical, unidimensional), none demonstrated adequate fit. From another EFA specifying one factor, the 6-item Duke Health Profile-Brief Form was developed based on updated guidelines for shortening composite measurement scales, which was assessed using CFA, finding good fit to the data. Measurement invariance by gender was assessed across the diverse gender spectrum, finding evidence for configural, metric, and partial scalar invariance. CONCLUSIONS There is insufficient evidence to use the general, mental, social and physical health scores of the DUKE Health Profile. However, there is evidence supporting the use of the unidimensional DUKE-BF, which is largely invariant between cisgender men and women, transgender men and women, and transgender men and non-binary participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald F Levant
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Margo Gregor
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Kathleen M Alto
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA
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208
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Santos JV, Viana J, Devleesschauwer B, Haagsma JA, Santos CC, Ricciardi W, Freitas A. Health expectancies in the European Union: same concept, different methods, different results. J Epidemiol Community Health 2021; 75:764-771. [PMID: 33452161 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2020-213791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy life expectancy (HLE) is a population health measure that combines mortality and morbidity, which can be calculated using different methods. In this study, we aimed to assess the correlation, reliability and (dis)agreement between two estimates monitored in the European Union (EU), that is, the European Commission's HLE based on self-perceived health (SPH-HLE) and the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation's HLE based on disability weight (DW-HLE), by sex, and comparing these results with LE and proportion of life spent in good health (%GH). METHODS We performed a retrospective study in the EU28 countries, between 2010 and 2017. The HLE methods differ in definition, measurement and valuation of health states. While SPH-HLE relies directly on one question, DW-HLE relies on epidemiological data adjusted for DW. Spearman's r, intraclass correlation coefficient, information-based measure of disagreement and Bland-Altman plots were used to assess reliability, correlation and disagreement in HLE resulting from both methods and in LE or %GH measured by both institutions. RESULTS Correlation and reliability between SPH-HLE and DW-HLE were good (better for males), with low disagreement, and were even better for LE between both institutions. The HLE Bland-Altman plots suggest a variability range of approximately 6 years for both sexes, higher for females. There was also an increasing HLE difference between methods with higher average HLE for both sexes. CONCLUSION We showed wide variations between both methods with a clear and different high impact on female and male HLE, showing a tendency for countries with higher health expectancies to yield larger gaps between SPH-HLE and DW-HLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Vasco Santos
- MEDCIDS-Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal .,CINTESIS-Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, Porto, Portugal.,Public Health Unit, ACES Grande Porto VIII - Espinho/Gaia, ARS Norte, Espinho/Gaia, Portugal
| | - João Viana
- MEDCIDS-Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,CINTESIS-Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, Porto, Portugal
| | - Brecht Devleesschauwer
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Juanita A Haagsma
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Cristina Costa Santos
- MEDCIDS-Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,CINTESIS-Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, Porto, Portugal
| | - Walter Ricciardi
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Freitas
- MEDCIDS-Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,CINTESIS-Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, Porto, Portugal
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209
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Grant D, Tomlinson D, Tsintzas K, Kolić P, Onambele-Pearson GL. The Effects of Displacing Sedentary Behavior With Two Distinct Patterns of Light Activity on Health Outcomes in Older Adults (Implications for COVID-19 Quarantine). Front Physiol 2021; 11:574595. [PMID: 33424618 PMCID: PMC7793876 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.574595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The COVID-19 pandemic is limiting outdoor and community-based activities, especially for older adults owing to the requirement for self-isolation, potentially increasing prolonged sedentary behavior (SB). Given a poor tolerance for intense exercise, SB displacement with light intensity physical activity (LIPA) is a promising health enhancing alternative. Therefore, the aims of this study were to investigate the effects of two different types of SB displacement on health outcomes in older adults and any differential impact of associated LIPA pattern. Method: 28 older women (age: 73 ± 5 years, height: 1.60 ± 0.07 m, weight: 67 ± 10 kg, and BMI: 26.1 ± 3.6 kg/m2) underwent overnight fasted dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) imaging, blood sampling, and functional assessments before being randomly allocated to one of two groups: (1) single continuous bout of 45–50 min LIPA daily (n = 14); or (2) SB fragmentation (SBF; ~48 min LIPA daily, 2 min LIPA for every 30 min of SB; n = 14). Compliance was systematically monitored using tri-axial accelerometery. All measures were taken at weeks 0 and 8. Results: Physical behavior significantly altered (decreased SB/increased LIPA; p < 0.05) and to a similar extent in both groups. We observed a significant reduction in serum triglycerides [p = 0.045, effect size (ɳp2) = 0.15; SBF: −0.26 ± 0.77 mmol/L, LIPA: −0.26 ± 0.51 mmol/L], improved 30 s sit-to-stand (STS) count (p = 0.002, ɳp2 = 0.32, 2 ± 3 STS) and speed (p = 0.009, ɳp2 = 0.35, −10 ± 33%), as well as increased average handgrip strength (p = 0.001, ɳp2 = 0.45, 6 ± 12%), and gait speed (p = 0.005, ɳp2 = 0.27, 0.09 ± 0.16 m/s) in both groups. Interestingly, SBF caused a greater increase in peak handgrip strength (8 ± 14%), compared to LIPA (2 ± 10%; p = 0.04, ɳp2 = 0.38). Conclusion: SB displacement induced significant improvements in fasting triglycerides, gait speed, as-well as STS endurance/speed in older women. Frequent vs. continuous SB displacement also caused greater increases in handgrip strength. While both SB displacement protocols display promise as efficacious home-based interventions for self-isolating older adults, our results would suggest a physical functioning advantage of the SBF protocol for certain outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale Grant
- Department of Sports and Exercise Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - David Tomlinson
- Department of Sports and Exercise Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Kostas Tsintzas
- MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Petra Kolić
- Department of Sports and Exercise Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Gladys Leopoldine Onambele-Pearson
- Department of Sports and Exercise Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
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210
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Oshio T, Tsutsumi A, Inoue A. Determining whether periodic health checkups have any preventive effect on deterioration in health among middle-aged adults: A hazards model analysis in Japan. J Occup Health 2021; 63:e12291. [PMID: 34762338 PMCID: PMC8582294 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the long-term impact of periodic health checkups (PHCs) on health outcomes among middle-aged adults. METHODS We used longitudinal data from 29 770 individuals (15 399 men and 14 371 women) aged 50-59 years in the baseline year (2005), obtained from a population-based 14-wave survey. PHC participants were defined as those who underwent PHCs for the first three consecutive waves, and we investigated the onset of inpatient care for five types of non-communicable diseases (diabetes, heart disease, stroke, hypertension, and dyslipidemia) as well as poor self-rated health and problems in the activities of daily living in the subsequent 11 waves. Cox-proportional hazards models were used to estimate the impact of PHCs on health outcomes by employing the propensity score matching (PSM) method. RESULTS Participation in PHCs was closely related to a respondent's socioeconomic status and health behavior. After controlling for these factors by PSM, the hazard models showed that PHCs postponed the onset of inpatient care for hypertension (hazard ratio, 0.56; 95% confidence interval: 0.36-0.85) among men, but PHCs had no impact on any other health outcomes in men or women. CONCLUSIONS The preventive impact of PHCs on health deterioration is generally limited among middle-aged adults. Future studies should address policy measures to enhance the effectiveness of PHCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Oshio
- Institute of Economic ResearchHitotsubashi UniversityKunitachi‐shiTokyoJapan
| | - Akizumi Tsutsumi
- Department of Public HealthKitasato University School of MedicineSagamiharaKanagawaJapan
| | - Akiomi Inoue
- Institutional Research CenterUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health, JapanKitakyushuFukuokaJapan
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211
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Willis DE. Feeding inequality: food insecurity, social status and college student health. SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH & ILLNESS 2021; 43:220-237. [PMID: 33113227 DOI: 10.1111/1467-9566.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A growing but limited body of research has identified the college student population as one that is particularly vulnerable to food insecurity. Early estimates of food insecurity prevalence among college students range from 14 to 60 per cent. The present study utilises original survey data collected from a random sample (n = 300) of college students enrolled at an urban university in the Midwest region of the United States of America (USA). This study examines the impact of food insecurity on health outcomes and the mediation of this relationship by subjective social status among college students. Ordinary least squares (OLS) and logistic regression analyses find that food insecurity is related to worse self-rated, physical and mental health among college students, and Sobel-Goodman tests find that subjective social status plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between food insecurity and health among college students. The implications of these findings in a university context are discussed using a psychosocial framework and insights from the stress process model. In doing so, I discuss food insecurity among college students with an emphasis on the social significance of food and food insecurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don E Willis
- Division of Community Health and Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Fayetteville, AR, USA
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212
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Associations of time-restricted eating with health-related quality of life and sleep in adults: a secondary analysis of two pre-post pilot studies. BMC Nutr 2020; 6:76. [PMID: 33327959 PMCID: PMC7745395 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-020-00402-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Therapeutic fasting may improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and sleep but is not applicable for everyone. Time-restricted eating (TRE) offers a low threshold alternative but research on associations with HRQoL and sleep is rare. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of two pilot studies in a pre-post design, which examined TRE in healthy employees at the Ulm University and in abdominal obese patients in a general practitioners office. Participants reported their HRQoL (EQ-5D visual analogue scale) before and after 3 months of restricting their daily eating to 8–9 h. They kept a diary to protocol timing of first and last meal, sleep quality (analogue scale) and duration. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was applied to test bivariate correlations between continuous variables and linear regression analyses were conducted to identify associated factors with the pre-post differences in HRQoL and the differences in sleep quality. Results Ninety-nine participants (aged aged 48.9 ± 1.1, 83.8% female) reached the fasting target of 15–16 h on average on 77.2 ± 18.7% of all recorded days. HRQoL increased by 7.8 ± 12.6 and sleep quality by 9.6 ± 13.9 points, but sleep duration was not extended. Regression analysis revealed mean fasting duration and baseline sleep quality as significant factors associated with changes in HRQoL. Improvements in sleep quality correlated with baseline sleep quality and HRQoL at follow-up but not with fasting. Changes in anthropometry did not correlate with the HRQoL or sleep quality. Conclusions TRE correlates with increased HRQoL and sleep quality independent from weight loss. TRE is easily applicable with or without medical supervision. The potential effects of TRE on health and sleep should be further investigated in larger randomized trials. Trial registration German Register for Clinical Trials (DRKS), DRKS-ID: DRKS00015057. Registered 4 July 2018.
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Depressive Symptom Trajectories in Family Caregivers of Stroke Survivors During First Year of Caregiving. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2020; 36:254-262. [PMID: 33252561 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000000773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to identify patterns of depressive symptom trajectory and examine the associations of the symptom trajectory with caregiving burden, family function, social support, and perceived health status of caregivers of stroke survivors during the first year of caregiving after discharge from rehabilitation center. METHODS Caregivers of stroke survivors completed a survey of depressive symptoms, caregiving burden, family function, perceived availability of social support, and perceived health status at postdischarge and 1 year. Patterns of depressive symptom trajectory (ie, symptom-free, symptom relieved, symptom developed, and persistent symptom groups) were identified by grouping depressive symptoms based on 2 assessments using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression. Repeated-measures analysis of variance and multinomial logistic regression were used to examine the associations. RESULTS Of the 102 caregivers, 57.8% were symptom-free, 20.6% experienced persistent depressive symptoms, 11.8% relieved depressive symptoms, and 9.8% developed depressive symptoms. There were significant changes in family function (Wilks λ = 0.914, P = .038) and perceived health status (Wilks λ = 0.914, P = .033) among the groups during the first year of caregiving. The persistent symptom group reported the highest level of burden and the lowest level of family function and perceived availability of social support at both assessment times. Compared with symptom-free caregivers, caregivers with persistent depressive symptoms were 7 times more likely to have fair/poor health rather than excellent/very good health at 1 year (odds ratio, 7.149; P = .012). CONCLUSION Caregivers with persistent depressive symptoms are the most vulnerable to negative psychosocial outcomes and poor perceived health status during the first year of caregiving from discharge for stroke survivors.
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214
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Nguyen H, Nguyen T, Nguyen DT. A graph-based approach for population health analysis using Geo-tagged tweets. MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 80:7187-7204. [PMID: 33132740 PMCID: PMC7585996 DOI: 10.1007/s11042-020-10034-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We propose in this work a graph-based approach for automatic public health analysis using social media. In our approach, graphs are created to model the interactions between features and between tweets in social media. We investigated different graph properties and methods in constructing graph-based representations for population health analysis. The proposed approach is applied in two case studies: (1) estimating health indices, and (2) classifying health situation of counties in the US. We evaluate our approach on a dataset including more than one billion tweets collected in three years 2014, 2015, and 2016, and the health surveys from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. We conducted realistic and large-scale experiments on various textual features and graph-based representations. Experimental results verified the robustness of the proposed approach and its superiority over existing ones in both case studies, confirming the potential of graph-based approach for modeling interactions in social networks for population health analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Nguyen
- Faculty of IT, Nha Trang University, Nha Trang, Vietnam
| | - Thin Nguyen
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220 Australia
| | - Duc Thanh Nguyen
- School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220 Australia
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215
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Widding-Havneraas T, Pedersen SH. The role of welfare regimes in the relationship between childhood economic stress and adult health: a multilevel study of 20 European countries. SSM Popul Health 2020; 12:100674. [PMID: 33083511 PMCID: PMC7552090 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood economic conditions are important for adult health, and welfare regimes may modify this relationship by altering exposure to social determinants of health. We examine the association between childhood economic stress (CES) and self-rated health (SRH) and cancer (any type), and how welfare regimes may influence these associations. We used data from European Social Survey round 7. Our study is based on 30 024 individuals between 25 to 75 years from 20 European countries grouped into five welfare regimes (Scandinavian, Anglo-Saxon, Bismarckian, Southern and Eastern). Multilevel models were used to assess the association between CES and SRH/cancer, and interactions between CES and welfare regimes. CES increased the risk of poor SRH (RR 1.41, 95% CI 1.29–1.54) and cancer (RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.02–1.37). Controlling for adult socioeconomic status slightly reduced risk for poor SRH, but not cancer. CES increased the probability of poor SRH in the Southern and Eastern regime, and the probability of cancer in the Anglo-Saxon regime, relative to the Scandinavian regime. Childhood economic stress increases the risk of poor self-rated health and cancer. More comprehensive welfare states mitigate these associations, which emphasizes the impact of welfare policies on long-term health outcomes of childhood economic conditions. The association between childhood economic stress and adult self-rated health and cancer was examined. The interaction of childhood economic stress and welfare regimes was tested on a large data set with 20 European countries. The article draws on welfare regime and life course theory. Childhood economic stress increased risk of poor self-rated health and cancer in adulthood. Welfare regimes affected the association between childhood economic stress and adult poor self-rated health and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarjei Widding-Havneraas
- Centre for Research and Education in Forensic Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway
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Self-reported activities of daily living, health and quality of life among older adults in South Africa and Uganda: a cross sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2020; 20:402. [PMID: 33054734 PMCID: PMC7557065 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-020-01809-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Difficulties in performing the activities of daily living (ADL) are common among middle-aged and older adults. Inability to perform the basic tasks as well as increased healthcare expenditure and dependence on care can have debilitating effects on health and quality of life. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between self-reported difficulty in activities of daily living (ADL), health and quality of life among community-dwelling, older population in South Africa and Uganda. METHODS We analyzed cross-sectional data on 1495 men and women from South Africa (n = 514) and Uganda (n = 981) which were extracted from the SAGE Well-Being of Older People Study (WOPS 2011-13). Outcome variables were self-reported health and quality of life (QoL). Difficulty in ADL was assessed by self-reported answers on 12 different questions covering various physical and cognitive aspects. The association between self-reported health and quality of life with ADL difficulties was calculated by using multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS Overall percentage of good health and good quality of life was 40.4% and 20%, respectively. The percentage of respondents who had 1-3, 3-6, > 6 ADL difficulties were 42.4%7, 30.97% and 14.85%, respectively. In South Africa, having > 6 ADL difficulties was associated with lower odds of good health among men [Odds ratio = 0.331, 95%CI = 0.245,0.448] and quality of life among men [Odds ratio = 0.609, 95%CI = 0.424,0.874] and women [Odds ratio = 0.129, 95%CI = 0.0697,0.240]. In Uganda, having > 6 ADL difficulties was associated lower odds of good health [Odds ratio = 0.364, 95%CI = 0.159,0.835] and quality of life [Odds ratio = 0.584, 95%CI = 0.357,0.954]. CONCLUSION This study concludes that difficulty in ADL has a significant negative association with health and quality of life among community-dwelling older population (> 50 years) in South Africa and Uganda. The sex differences support previous findings on differential health outcomes among men and women, and underline the importance of designing sex-specific health intervention programs.
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217
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Basirimoghadam M, Rafii F, Ebadi A. Self-rated health and general procrastination in nurses: a cross-sectional study. Pan Afr Med J 2020; 36:254. [PMID: 33014250 PMCID: PMC7519796 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2020.36.254.23720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction nurses are responsible for taking care of the health of the general public. Nurses´ own health is among the important factors affecting the quality of patient care. Self-Rated Health (SRH) is one of the indicators used extensively in health research for the assessment of the health status of individuals. The present study was conducted to evaluate self-rated health and its relationship with general procrastination in nurses. Methods the present cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 on 305 Iranian nurses selected by stratified random sampling. The relationship of self-rated health with procrastination was determined using an ordinal logistic regression analysis after adjustments for personal and occupational factors. Results self-rated health was poor/bad in 11.3% of the nurses, fair in 23.7%, good in 34.3% and excellent in 30.7%. After adjustments for personal and occupational factors, a significant relationship was observed between procrastination and self-rated health (OR=0.95; 95%CI 0.92, 0.98). Conclusion the results showed an unfavorable health status in nurses. Given the significant relationship between procrastination and poor self-rated health in nurses, it is essential to consider this relationship for improving nurses´ health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Forough Rafii
- Nursing Care Research Center, Iran university of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Ebadi
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Life style institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Nursing Faculty, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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218
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Askew DA, Togni SJ, Egert S, Rogers L, Potter N, Hayman NE, Cass A, Brown ADH, Schluter PJ. Quantitative evaluation of an outreach case management model of care for urban Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults living with complex chronic disease: a longitudinal study. BMC Health Serv Res 2020; 20:917. [PMID: 33023589 PMCID: PMC7539491 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-05749-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic diseases are the leading contributor to the excess morbidity and mortality burden experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (hereafter, respectfully, Indigenous) people, compared to their non-Indigenous counterparts. The Home-based Outreach case Management of chronic disease Exploratory (HOME) Study provided person-centred, multidisciplinary care for Indigenous people with chronic disease. This model of care, aligned to Indigenous peoples’ conceptions of health and wellbeing, was integrated within an urban Indigenous primary health care service. We aimed to determine the impact of this model of care on participants’ health and wellbeing at 12 months. Methods HOME Study participants were Indigenous, regular patients of the primary health care service, with a diagnosis of at least one chronic disease, and complex health and social care needs. Data were collected directly from participants and from their medical records at baseline, and 3, 6 and 12 months thereafter. Variables included self-rated health status, depression, utilisation of health services, and key clinical outcomes. Participants’ baseline characteristics were described using frequencies and percentages. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models were employed to evaluate participant attrition and changes in outcome measures over time. Results 60 participants were enrolled into the study and 37 (62%) completed the 12-month assessment. After receiving outreach case management for 12 months, 73% of participants had good, very good or excellent self-rated health status compared with 33% at baseline (p < 0.001) and 19% of participants had depression compared with 44% at baseline (p = 0.03). Significant increases in appointments with allied health professionals (p < 0.001) and medical specialists other than general practitioners (p = 0.001) were observed at 12-months compared with baseline rates. Mean systolic blood pressure decreased over time (p = 0.02), but there were no significant changes in mean HbA1c, body mass index, or diastolic blood pressure. Conclusions The HOME Study model of care was predicated on a holistic conception of health and aimed to address participants’ health and social care needs. The positive changes in self-rated health and rates of depression evinced that this aim was met, and that participants received the necessary care to support and improve their health and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A Askew
- The University of Queensland, Primary Care Clinical Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, 4029, Australia. .,Southern Queensland Centre of Excellence in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Primary Health Care, Queensland Health, Wirraway Pde, Inala, Queensland, 4077, Australia.
| | - Samantha J Togni
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | - Sonya Egert
- Southern Queensland Centre of Excellence in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Primary Health Care, Queensland Health, Wirraway Pde, Inala, Queensland, 4077, Australia
| | - Lynne Rogers
- Southern Queensland Centre of Excellence in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Primary Health Care, Queensland Health, Wirraway Pde, Inala, Queensland, 4077, Australia
| | - Nichola Potter
- Southern Queensland Centre of Excellence in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Primary Health Care, Queensland Health, Wirraway Pde, Inala, Queensland, 4077, Australia
| | - Noel E Hayman
- Southern Queensland Centre of Excellence in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Primary Health Care, Queensland Health, Wirraway Pde, Inala, Queensland, 4077, Australia
| | - Alan Cass
- Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia
| | - Alex D H Brown
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, Adelaide, Australia.,University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Philip J Schluter
- The University of Queensland, Primary Care Clinical Unit, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, 4029, Australia.,University of Canterbury - Te Whare Wānanga o Waitaha, School of Health Sciences, Christchurch, New Zealand
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219
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Wan B, Ball P, Jackson D, Maynard G. Subjective health, general medicine beliefs and social desirability response among older hospital outpatients in Hong Kong. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2020; 28:498-505. [DOI: 10.1111/ijpp.12628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate any association between self-rated health (SRH) and general perception about medicines using the Beliefs About Medicine Questionnaire-General (BMQ-G) in Hong Kong hospital outpatients. Moreover, the study aims to demonstrate any association between social desirability bias or response (SDR) and BMQ-G, SRH reporting in this population.
Methods
Seven hundred and sixty-nine outpatients, who satisfied the selection criteria, were cordially invited to participate in this study by completing a combined questionnaire of demographic information, BMQ-G, SRH and SDR Set-5 in person, while waiting to collect their medications outside a Hong Kong hospital pharmacy. Results were analysed statistically.
Key Findings
The number of valid questionnaires returned for statistical analysis was 698.
Logistic regressions indicated age groups, gender and SRH were significant predictors for BMQ-G reporting. Patients aged over 62, male or those with high SRH were less likely to present high BMQ-G scores, compared to patients aged under 45, female or those with low SRH, respectively (OR 0.43, 0.73 and 0.66, respectively, all CIs 95%). Logistic regressions also demonstrated overall BMQ-G, and SRH reporting was unlikely to be associated with SDR (all P > 0.05) although age was a significant predictor for SDR reporting (OR = 1.10; CI 95%).
Conclusions
This study illustrated age groups, gender and self-rated health significantly associated with general medicine beliefs reporting. The possible association between socially desirable bias and general medicine beliefs or self-rated health reporting was insignificant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bosco Wan
- Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | | | - David Jackson
- Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
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Brønholt RLL, Hansen MB, Islamoska S, Christensen U, Grynderup MB, Nabe-Nielsen K. Physical and psychosocial work factors as explanations for social inequalities in self-rated health. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2020; 94:335-346. [PMID: 32975659 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-020-01582-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the contribution of physical and psychosocial work factors to social inequalities in self-rated health (SRH) in a sample of Danish 40 and 50 years old occupationally active women and men. METHODS In this longitudinal study, the study population consisted of 3338 Danish women and men. Data were collected by postal questionnaires in 2000 (baseline) and 2006 (follow-up). The independent variable, socioeconomic position (SEP), was assessed by the highest achieved educational level at baseline. We conducted gender-stratified parallel multiple mediation analyses. In the mediation analyses, SEP was categorised as SEP I, II, III, VI and V among men. Among women, SEP was dichotomised into SEP I-IV and V. The outcome, SRH, was assessed at baseline and follow-up. A wide range of physical and psychosocial work factors were included as potential mediators. RESULTS We found a social gradient in SRH across all levels of SEP among men. Among women, we only found a poorer SRH among those with the lowest SEP. Mediation analyses showed that work factors together accounted for 56% of the social inequalities in SRH among men and 44% among women. In both genders, ergonomic exposures and job insecurity seemed to play the major role for social inequalities in SRH. For women only, we also found noise to contribute to the social inequalities in SRH. CONCLUSION Physical and psychosocial work factors partially explained social inequalities in SRH among both genders. Improvement of the working environment can potentially contribute to the reduction of social inequalities in health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matilde Bøgelund Hansen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Sabrina Islamoska
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Ulla Christensen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | | | - Kirsten Nabe-Nielsen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
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Astutik E, Hidajah AC, Tama TD, Efendi F, Li CY. Prevalence and determinants of depressive symptoms among adults in Indonesia: A cross-sectional population-based national survey. Nurs Forum 2020; 56:37-44. [PMID: 32964484 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To analyze the association between personal health conditions (self-rated health, physical function, and chronic conditions) and symptoms of depression in Indonesia. METHODS Data were collected from the Indonesian family life survey 5. This study used a cross-sectional study design with a sample size of 17,734 respondents. We included depressive symptoms, self-rated health, physical function, chronic conditions, demographics and socioeconomic variables. The center for epidemiologic studies depression scale was used to measure symptoms of depression. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the data. RESULTS The results showed that 23.47% of respondents had depressive symptoms, 20.04% had poor self-rated health, 55.93% had a poor physical function, and 32.37% had at least one chronic disease. Respondents who had poor self-rated health, had poor physical function, or had a chronic condition were all had a significantly higher odds of experiencing symptoms of depression after controlling for demographic variables (age, sex, married, and education level), social-economic, and smoking status. CONCLUSION Depressive symptoms were significantly associated with personal health conditions including self-rated health, physical functioning, and chronic conditions among community residents. Strategies that can improve personal health conditions needed to be studied at the community level to improve the level of mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erni Astutik
- Research Group for Health and Wellbeing of Women and Children, Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Atik Choirul Hidajah
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Tika Dwi Tama
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Ferry Efendi
- Department of Community Health and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.,Visiting Fellow, School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Chung-Yi Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.,Department and Graduate Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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The COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdowns and Changes in Body Weight among Polish Women. A Cross-Sectional Online Survey PLifeCOVID-19 Study. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12187768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
There is limited information on the relationships between restrictions linked to COVID-19 and changes in body weight. The aim of the study was to identify the body weight changes and their determinants in the nutritional and socio-demographic context during the COVID-19 pandemic in Polish women. During lockdown in Poland, 34% of women gained weight, while 18% of women reduced weight. As many as 44% of women with obesity before the pandemic increased their body weight, and 74% of women that were underweight reduced their body weight. In a group with weight gain, women increased their body weight by 2.8 kg on average and around 65% of them increased their total food intake. Unhealthy dietary changes and the negative lifestyle changes that comprised of an increase in screen time and a decrease in physical activity were found as key factors associated with weight gain. A higher risk of weight gain was associated with being obese before the pandemic or living in a macroeconomic region >50% of EU-28 GDP, while those younger in age and carrying out remote work had a higher chance of weight loss. Concluding, the specific conditions during lockdown worsened the nutritional status, which may increase the risk of complicatedness and mortality from COVID-19. It seems advisable to create dietary and lifestyle recommendations tailored to the individual needs of women who are underweight or have excessive body weight. More attention should be paid also to environmental impacts. Both, the reduction of excessive body weight and the maintenance of a normal weight should be based on the principle to eat and live sustainably and healthily.
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D'Angelo S, Syddall H, Ntani G, Harris EC, Linaker C, Cooper C, Stevens M, Walker-Bone K. How does job dissatisfaction interact with self-rated health in determining the risk of health-related job loss? Prospective findings from the Health and Employment After Fifty (HEAF) study. Occup Environ Med 2020; 78:36-42. [PMID: 32917741 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2020-106600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Health and job satisfaction are key independent determinants of ability to work to older ages. We investigated the interaction of these two important factors on health-related job loss (HRJL) over 2 years of follow-up comparing male and female older workers. METHODS A population sample of adults aged 50-64 years, recruited from 24 English general practices in the Health and Employment After Fifty (HEAF) study, completed questionnaires at baseline with follow-ups at 12 and 24 months. Multiple-record Cox proportional hazards models were performed to explore the main effects of, and potential interactions between, job satisfaction and self-rated health (SRH) as predictors of time to first HRJL. RESULTS Of the initial 8134 participants, 5143 were ever in work in the study period. Among men, 5.7% and 14.3% reported job dissatisfaction (those in good and poor SRH, respectively), while among women these percentages were 4.6 and 12.9. HRJL was reported by 106 men and 176 women. Men in good health dissatisfied with their job had a sixfold (HR=6.4; 95% CI 3.3 to 12.4) increased risk of HRJL compared with men satisfied with their job (significant multiplicative interaction). Women dissatisfied with their job were more likely to have an HRJL within 2 years of follow-up irrespective of their SRH. CONCLUSIONS SRH and job dissatisfaction have important individual effects on the risk of stopping work for health among older workers. These findings point to the importance of job satisfaction in reducing health-related exit from paid work among older workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania D'Angelo
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Holly Syddall
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Georgia Ntani
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Health and Work, MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - E Clare Harris
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Health and Work, MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Cathy Linaker
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Health and Work, MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Martin Stevens
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Karen Walker-Bone
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Health and Work, MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Yang Y, Deng H, Yang Q, Ding X, Mao D, Ma X, Xiao B, Zhong Z. Mental health and related influencing factors among rural elderly in 14 poverty state counties of Chongqing, Southwest China: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health Prev Med 2020; 25:51. [PMID: 32912134 PMCID: PMC7488569 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-020-00887-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND China has the largest elderly population in the world; little attention has been paid to the mental health of elderly in areas of extreme poverty. This is the first study to investigate the mental health of the rural elderly in poverty state counties in Chongqing and was part of the Chongqing 2018 health literacy promotion project. METHODS In 2019, a cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the mental health status of the rural elderly in fourteen poverty state counties of Chongqing, in which a total of 1400 elderly aged ≥ 65 years were interviewed, where mental health status was measured by the ten-item Kessler10 (K10) scale. Ordered multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate the influencing factors related to mental health of the elderly in these areas. RESULTS The average score of K10 in 14 poverty state counties was 17.40 ± 6.31, 47.6% was labeled as good, 30.2% was moderate, 17.0% was poor, and lastly 5.1% was bad, and the mental health status of the elderly in the northeastern wing of Chongqing was better than the one in the southeastern wing of Chongqing. A worse self-rated health was the risk factor for mental health both in the northeastern and southeastern wings of Chongqing (all P < 0.001). Lower education level (OR (95% CI) = 1.45 (1.12-1.87), P = 0.004) was a risk factor in the northeastern wing, whereas older age (OR (95% CI) = 1.33 (1.13-1.56), P = 0.001) was a risk factors in the southeastern wing. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that mental health of the elderly in poverty state counties was poor, especially in the southeastern wing of Chongqing. Particular attention needs to be paid to the males who were less educated, older, and single; female with lower annual per capital income; and especially the elderly with poor self-rated health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, YiXueYuan Road, YuZhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Hui Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingqing Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, YiXueYuan Road, YuZhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xianbin Ding
- Chongqing Preventive Medicine Association, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Deqiang Mao
- Chongqing Preventive Medicine Association, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaosong Ma
- Chongqing Preventive Medicine Association, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Bangzhong Xiao
- Chongqing Preventive Medicine Association, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, YiXueYuan Road, YuZhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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225
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Lautamatti E, Sumanen M, Raivio R, Mattila KJ. Continuity of care is associated with satisfaction with local health care services. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2020; 21:181. [PMID: 32887566 PMCID: PMC7487808 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-020-01251-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Satisfaction is a major element in assessing quality of care. It has decreased in Finland in recent decades as well as continuity of care. We investigated which demographic, health-related, and local health care service factors, especially continuity of care, are associated with the population’s satisfaction with local health care services. Methods The data are part of the Health and Social Support (HeSSup) study’s follow-up questionnaire in 2012. The study is based on a random Finnish population sample. Satisfaction was studied based on the question “How satisfied are you with your local health care services?” Demographic factors, obesity, self-assessed health status, depressive mood (BDI-12 questionnaire), New York Heart Association class, and chronic diseases were asked in the questionnaire. Questions describing local health care services were also presented. We assessed the association of an assigned and named GP and the respondents’ proactivity in contacting the same doctor with satisfaction. We used crosstabulation and binary logistic regression in the analyses. Results The Health and Social Support study was answered in 2012 by 15,993 participants (45.4%) and majority (61.3%) was satisfied with their local health care services. An assigned and named GP (OR 1.79; 95% CI 1.67–1.92) and the respondent’s proactivity in contacting the same doctor (OR 1.23; 95% CI 1.15–1.32) were associated with satisfaction in the adjusted multivariate analysis. BDI score < 19 had the strongest association with satisfaction (OR 1.91; 95% CI 1.65–2.23). Older participants, males, and those in a relationship were more likely to be satisfied. Conclusions A named GP in primary care proved to have a positive correlation with patient satisfaction. Depression was associated with decreased satisfaction. A named GP indicates continuity of care, and it should be seriously considered when planning treatment for patients with chronic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lautamatti
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere and Centre for General Practice of the Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland.
| | - M Sumanen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere and Centre for General Practice of the Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland
| | - R Raivio
- Päijät-Häme Joint Authority for Health and Wellbeing, Primary Health Care, Lahti, Finland
| | - K J Mattila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere and Centre for General Practice of the Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neuroticism is associated with poor health outcomes, but its contribution to the accumulation of health deficits in old age, that is, the frailty index, is largely unknown. We aimed to explore associations between neuroticism and frailty cross-sectionally and longitudinally, and to investigate the contribution of shared genetic influences. METHODS Data were derived from the UK Biobank (UKB; n = 274,951), the Australian Over 50's Study (AO50; n = 2849), and the Swedish Twin Registry (Screening Across the Lifespan of Twins Study [SALT], n = 18,960; The Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging [SATSA], n = 1365). Associations between neuroticism and the frailty index were investigated using regression analysis cross-sectionally in UKB, AO50, and SATSA and longitudinally in SALT (25-29 years of follow-up) and SATSA (6 and 23 years of follow-up). The co-twin control method was applied to explore the contribution of underlying shared familial factors (SALT, SATSA, AO50). Genome-wide polygenic risk scores for neuroticism were used in all samples to further assess whether common genetic variants associated with neuroticism predict frailty. RESULTS High neuroticism was consistently associated with greater frailty cross-sectionally (adjusted β [95% confidence intervals] in UKB = 0.32 [0.32-0.33]; AO50 = 0.35 [0.31-0.39]; SATSA = 0.33 [0.27-0.39]) and longitudinally up to 29 years (SALT = 0.24 [0.22-0.25]; SATSA 6 years = 0.31 [0.24-0.38]; SATSA 23 years = 0.16 [0.07-0.25]). When adjusting for underlying shared genetic and environmental factors, the neuroticism-frailty association remained significant, although decreased. Polygenic risk scores for neuroticism significantly predicted frailty in the two larger samples (meta-analyzed total β = 0.059 [0.055-0.062]). CONCLUSIONS Neuroticism in midlife predicts frailty in late life. Neuroticism may have a causal influence on frailty, whereas both environmental and genetic influences, including neuroticism-associated common genetic variants, contribute to this relationship.
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227
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Jaehn P, Mena E, Merz S, Hoffmann R, Gößwald A, Rommel A, Holmberg C. Non-response in a national health survey in Germany: An intersectionality-informed multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237349. [PMID: 32776957 PMCID: PMC7416954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dimensions of social location such as socioeconomic position or sex/gender are often associated with low response rates in epidemiological studies. We applied an intersectionality-informed approach to analyze non-response among population strata defined by combinations of multiple dimensions of social location and subjective health in a health survey in Germany. METHODS We used data from the cross-sectional sample of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults (DEGS1) conducted between 2008 and 2011. Information about non-responders was available from a mailed non-responder questionnaire. Intersectional strata were constructed by combining all categories of age, sex/gender, marital status, and level of education in scenario 1. Subjective health was additionally used to construct intersectional strata in scenario 2. We applied multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA) to calculate measures of discriminatory accuracy, proportions of non-responders among intersectional strata, as well as stratum-specific total interaction effects (intersectional effects). Markov chain Monte Carlo methods were used to estimate multilevel logistic regression models. RESULTS Data was available for 6,534 individuals of whom 36% were non-responders. In scenario 2, we found weak discriminatory accuracy (variance partition coefficient = 3.6%) of intersectional strata, while predicted proportions of non-response ranged from 20.6% (95% credible interval (CI) 17.0%-24.9%) to 57.5% (95% CI 48.8%-66.5%) among intersectional strata. No evidence for intersectional effects was found. These results did not differ substantially between scenarios 1 and 2. CONCLUSIONS MAIHDA revealed that proportions of non-response varied widely between intersectional strata. However, poor discriminatory accuracy of intersectional strata and no evidence for intersectional effects indicate that there is no justification to exclusively target specific intersectional strata in order to increase response, but that a combination of targeted and population-based measures might be appropriate to achieve more equal representation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Jaehn
- Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
| | - Emily Mena
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Institute of Public Health and Nursing Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Health Sciences Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Sibille Merz
- Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
| | - Robert Hoffmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antje Gößwald
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Rommel
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Holmberg
- Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus–Senftenberg, the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and the University of Potsdam, Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
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228
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Marital Status and Self-Rated Health in China: A Longitudinal Analysis. POPULATION RESEARCH AND POLICY REVIEW 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11113-020-09593-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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229
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Bakkeli NZ. Health and economic scarcity: Measuring scarcity through consumption, income and home ownership indicators in Norway. SSM Popul Health 2020; 11:100582. [PMID: 32322658 PMCID: PMC7171528 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely recognised that income alone may not accurately reflect people's economic circumstances. In recent years, there has been increasing focus on multidimensional measures of economic scarcity. This study employs the newest survey data from Consumption Research Norway to explore the relationship between economic scarcity and self-reported health (SRH) in Norway. It defines economic scarcity by identifying disadvantaged social groups in terms of consumption, income and wealth/homeownership. Using propensity score matching, we compare health outcomes for economically disadvantaged and advantaged social groups - finding that consumption measures of scarcity are significantly associated with health, while there is no significant relationship between health and homeownership. When using matching estimators, health scores differ significantly between people with higher and lower incomes, but the associations are weakened when other socioeconomic variables are controlled for. This study applies empirical evidence from Norway to the existing health literature and contributes to a relatively new analytical approach by incorporating consumption into the prediction of health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zou Bakkeli
- Consumption Studies Norway, Oslo Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 4, St. Olavs Plass, 0130, Oslo, Norway
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230
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Disease or function? What matters most for self-rated health in older people depends on age. Aging Clin Exp Res 2020; 32:1591-1594. [PMID: 32130715 PMCID: PMC7452924 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-020-01507-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-rated health (SRH) holistically captures older adults' health status from the perspective of the individual. AIMS To explore the accuracy of five objective health indicators related to diseases, physical function, cognition and disability in discriminating SRH among the youngest and oldest old. METHODS We used baseline data from 2196 participants of the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K), Sweden (years 2001-2004). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) were obtained from logistic regressions adjusted by sex, age and education. RESULTS Among the youngest old, having ≥ 4 chronic diseases showed the highest discriminatory capacity of poor versus good SRH (AUROC: 0.714). Among the oldest old, a walking speed < 1.0 m/s showed the highest discriminatory capacity of poor versus good SRH (AUROC: 0.683), followed by ≥ 1 limitations in IADL (AUROC: 0.664). CONCLUSION What matters most for SRH in older people depends on age, with walking speed playing a major role among the oldest old.
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231
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Lin YH, Chen HC, Hsu NW, Chou P. Validation of Global Self-Rated Health and Happiness Measures Among Older People in the Yilan Study, Taiwan. Front Public Health 2020; 8:346. [PMID: 32850586 PMCID: PMC7411153 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Single-item measures of physical and mental health are feasible for older adults, but their validity for that age group is unclear. This study tested validity of a global self-rated health and a global self-rated happiness measure in a large sample of community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan. Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 3,982 men and women aged 65 or older in Yilan, Taiwan, provided data on global self-rated health and happiness using 100-point numerical scales. The Physical Component Summary of the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (version 2) and the Groningen Activity Restriction Scale were used to test the validity of the self-rated health item. The Mental Component of that 12-item scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were validators regarding the self-rated happiness item. Criterion validity was tested using the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (version 2). Results: The correlations between the self-rated health and happiness measures and the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (version 2) validators were positive and statistically significant, supporting convergent validity. Sufficient divergent validity was demonstrated through the negative and significant relationship between the self-rated health item and the Groningen Activity Restriction Scale scores and the negative and significant relationship between the self-rated happiness item and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Optimal cut-off scores for physical and mental health states depended on age and gender. Conclusion: The global self-rated health and happiness measures were validated. Cut-off scores for evaluating older adults' physical and mental health should be age- and gender-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Huai Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Chung Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Center of Sleep Disorders, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Wei Hsu
- Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Public Health Bureau, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Pesus Chou
- Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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232
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Jhang FH. Changes in trust and trait anxiety: The mediating role of changes in self-rated health among older adults in Taiwan. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20:833-838. [PMID: 32716599 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study examined whether changes in generalized trust and bonding trust are related to changes in trait anxiety, and whether changes in self-rated health mediate the relationship between changes in two types of trust and trait anxiety among older Taiwanese adults. METHODS A hierarchical regression model and a mediation model were separately used to analyze two-wave panel data on 763 older adults from the Panel Study of Family Dynamics in Taiwan. RESULTS Our findings show that changes in bonding trust (but not changes in generalized trust) are associated with changes in trait anxiety. The results show that sustaining a high level of bonding trust is associated with consistently good health, which in turn decreases anxiety. The relationship between changes in bonding trust and trait anxiety was found to be partially mediated by changes in self-rated health among older people. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that bonding trust is more beneficial for the promotion of self-rated health and reducing trait anxiety than generalized trust in a given context. Policies aiming to ameliorate anxiety among older adults should take into consideration the importance of the developing bonding trust and promoting health in Chinese societies. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 833-838.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Hua Jhang
- Department of Law and Social Work, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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233
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Elran-Barak R, Mozeikov M. One Month into the Reinforcement of Social Distancing due to the COVID-19 Outbreak: Subjective Health, Health Behaviors, and Loneliness among People with Chronic Medical Conditions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E5403. [PMID: 32727103 PMCID: PMC7432045 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We sought to examine how the near-lockdown measures, announced by the Israeli government in an effort to contain the COVID-19 outbreak, impacted the self-rated health (SRH), health behaviors, and loneliness of people with chronic illnesses. An online cross-sectional survey was carried out about one month (April 20-22, 2020) after the Israeli government reinforced the severe social distancing regulations, among a convenience sample of 315 participants (60% women) with chronic conditions (27% metabolic, 17% cardiovascular, 21% cancer/autoimmune, 18% orthopedic/pain, 12% mental-health). Results suggested that about half of the participants reported a decline in physical or mental SRH, and as many as two-thirds reported feeling lonely. A significant deterioration in health behaviors was reported, including a decrease in vegetable consumption (p = 0.008) and physical activity (p < 0.001), an increase in time spent on social media (p < 0.001), and a perception among about half of the participants that they were eating more than before. Ordinal regression suggested that a decline in general SRH was linked with female gender (p = 0.016), lack of higher education (p = 0.015), crowded housing conditions (p = 0.001), longer illness duration (p = 0.010), and loneliness (p = 0.008). Findings highlight the important role of loneliness in SRH during the COVID-19 lockdown period. Future studies are warranted to clarify the long-term effects of social-distancing and loneliness on people with chronic illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roni Elran-Barak
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel;
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234
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James D. The seemingly 'protective' effect of internalised racism on overall health among 780 Black/African Americans: the serial mediation of stigma consciousness and locus of control. Psychol Health 2020; 36:427-443. [PMID: 32705894 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2020.1797028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Internalised racism (IR) is associated with better and worse health outcomes among racial/ethnic minorities. However, the underlying mechanisms associating IR with either positive or negative health outcomes are not well understood.Design & main outcomes measures: To address this gap, this study investigated two pathways that associate increased IR with better self-reported overall health (OH; i.e. dental, mental, physical and vision health) among 780 Black/African American adults (mean age 37.68 years, 57.6% female): (1) via stigma consciousness and (2) via stigma consciousness and locus of control beliefs. RESULTS Consistent with predictions, stigma consciousness mediated the indirect effect of IR on OH, such that higher IR was associated with lower stigma consciousness, which was associated with better self-reported OH. Confirming predictions, this indirect effect was also carried through locus of control beliefs, such that higher IR was associated with lower stigma consciousness; lower stigma consciousness was also associated with internal locus of control beliefs, which were associated with better self-reported OH. CONCLUSIONS Although seemingly protective, this adaptive, strategic and short-term response to race-based threat in which group stereotypes are internalised can lead to negative health outcomes over time. These findings have implications for understanding IR and associated health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drexler James
- Department of Psychology, Denison University, Granville, OH, USA
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235
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Sebastião E, Henert S, Siqueira VAAA. Physical Activity and Physical Function in Older Adults Living in a Retirement Community: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Focusing on Self-Rated Health. Am J Lifestyle Med 2020; 15:279-285. [PMID: 34025320 DOI: 10.1177/1559827620942720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Perceived health is a widely used proxy for measuring individuals' health status across different populations, including older adults. This measure is commonly reported as a subjective indicator, as a strong predictor of longer-term morbidity and mortality, and as a method to identify high-risk groups with health needs. This study examined differences in physical activity (PA) and physical function (PF) among older adults living in a retirement community located in the Midwest region of the United States as a function of perceived health. Results suggest that older adults perceiving their health as excellent reported significantly higher PA and performed significantly better on PF assessments than those reporting it as good or fair. Programs focusing on increasing PA in older adults living in retirement communities should be considered as potential strategies to enhance the health and health perception of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emerson Sebastião
- Health and Exercise Research Group, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois (ES, SH).,School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil (VAAAS)
| | - Shaine Henert
- Health and Exercise Research Group, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois (ES, SH).,School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil (VAAAS)
| | - Vitor Antonio Assis Alves Siqueira
- Health and Exercise Research Group, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois (ES, SH).,School of Physical Education and Sports of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil (VAAAS)
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236
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Furtado GE, Caldo A, Vieira-Pedrosa A, Letieri RV, Hogervorst E, Teixeira AM, Ferreira JP. Emotional Well-Being and Cognitive Function Have Robust Relationship With Physical Frailty in Institutionalized Older Women. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1568. [PMID: 32765358 PMCID: PMC7378677 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Frailty associated to core dimensions of psychological well-being (PwB) has appeared as a possible new frailty phenotype named psychological frailty, implying a parallel to physical frailty (PF). Very little is known about the associations between mental well-being, especially emotional, mood, and self-perception dimensions, and the frailty syndrome in institutionalized older populations. The present study aims to examine the interlink between the PF phenotype and the core dimensions of PwB in Portuguese institution-dwelling older women. Methods Cross-sectional data were collected. A total of 358 older women, aged 75 years or more, were recruited from four nursing homes within the city of Coimbra and asked to complete a sociodemographic and a general health assessment survey. The main PwB dimensions were assessed in all participants: (i) global cognitive status was assessed using The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Neuropsychology Test, (ii) self-perception was screened using the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) and Global Self-Esteem Scale, (iii) CES-D of depression and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were used to screen mood states, and (iv) subjective happiness, satisfaction with life, and attitudes to aging psychometric rating scales were used to screen for emotional well-being. The syndrome of PF was assessed using Fried’s PF phenotype that includes weight loss, weakness, slowness, exhaustion, and low physical activity (PA) level assessments. Results Frail older women had a poor score in all PwB outcomes, except for global self-esteem and satisfaction with life. A hierarchical regression model analysis showed that global cognitive status and emotional well-being of subjective happiness and attitude to aging showed a significant negative relationship with PF in both unadjusted and adjusted models (explaining 34 and 40% of variance, respectively). Conclusion Emotional well-being and global cognitive performance are strongly associated with PF. Implementing active lifestyle interventions to improve positive psychological outcomes using geriatric assessments could assist in the older institutionalized patients’ physical and mental health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Eustáquio Furtado
- University of Coimbra - Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF, UID/PTD/04213/2019), Faculty of Sport Science and Physical Education (FCDEF-UC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Adriana Caldo
- University of Coimbra - Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF, UID/PTD/04213/2019), Faculty of Sport Science and Physical Education (FCDEF-UC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Vieira-Pedrosa
- University of Coimbra - Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF, UID/PTD/04213/2019), Faculty of Sport Science and Physical Education (FCDEF-UC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rubens Vinícius Letieri
- Multidisciplinary Research Nucleus in Physical Education (NIMEF), Physical Education Department, Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), Tocantinópolis, Brazil
| | - Eef Hogervorst
- Applied Cognitive Research NCSEM, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Maria Teixeira
- University of Coimbra - Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF, UID/PTD/04213/2019), Faculty of Sport Science and Physical Education (FCDEF-UC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Ferreira
- University of Coimbra - Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF, UID/PTD/04213/2019), Faculty of Sport Science and Physical Education (FCDEF-UC), Coimbra, Portugal
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Cho OH, Hwang KH. [Comparison of quality of life and related factors according to premature menopause using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2014-2017)]. KOREAN JOURNAL OF WOMEN HEALTH NURSING 2020; 26:131-140. [PMID: 36310576 PMCID: PMC9328603 DOI: 10.4069/kjwhn.2020.03.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare the health-related quality of life of premature menopausal women with that of normal postmenopausal women and to identify factors related to quality of life in these two groups. Methods A secondary analysis was conducted of a sample of 5,910 postmenopausal women drawn from women aged 19-79 years, using raw data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey between 2014 and 2017. Quality of life was compared between premature menopausal women and normal postmenopausal women using the t-test and chi-square test, and factors related to quality of life were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression using SAS version 9.4. Results There was no significant difference in quality of life between premature menopausal women and normal postmenopausal women. Subjective health status and symptoms of depression were identified as factors related to quality of life in women with premature menopause, while engaging in aerobic physical activity, subjective health status, stress, and symptoms of depression were found to be related to quality of life among normal postmenopausal women. Conclusion It is necessary to support self-care measures for both premature and normal menopausal women to adapt to changes caused by menopause, and multidimensional strategies should be developed considering postmenopausal women's subjective health status and symptoms of depression to improve their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyung-Hye Hwang
- Corresponding author: Kyung-Hye Hwang Department of Nursing, Suwon Science College, 288 Seja-ro, Jeongnam-myeon, Hwaseong 18516, Korea Tel: +82-31-350-2477 E-mail:
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238
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Sampa MB, Hoque MR, Hossain MN. Impacts of Anthropometric, Biochemical, Socio-demographic, and Dietary Habits Factors on the Health Status of Urban Corporate People in a Developing Country. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:E188. [PMID: 32605101 PMCID: PMC7551820 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8030188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study focused on urban corporate people and applied multinomial logistic regression (MLR) to identify the impact of anthropometric, biochemical, socio-demographic and dietary habit factors on health status. Health status is categorized into four levels: healthy, caution, affected, and emergent. A cross-sectional study, based on convenience sampling method, was conducted to select 271 employees from 18 institutions under the Grameen Bank Complex, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Biochemical measurements such as blood uric acid are highly significant variables in the MLR model. When holding other factors as constants, with a one-unit increase in blood uric acid, a person is 11.02 times more likely to be "emergent" compared to "caution". The odds are also higher, at 1.82, for the blood uric acid to be "affected" compared "caution". The results of this study can help to prevent a large proportion of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) by reducing the most significant risk factor: blood uric acid. This study can contribute to the establishment of combined actions to improve disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masuda Begum Sampa
- Advanced Information Technology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Md. Rakibul Hoque
- School of Business, Emporia State University, Emporia, KS 66801, USA;
| | - Md. Nazmul Hossain
- Faculty of Business Studies, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh;
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239
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Shang X, Hodge AM, Peng W, He M, Zhang L. Are Leading Risk Factors for Cancer and Mental Disorders Multimorbidity Shared by These Two Individual Conditions in Community-Dwelling Middle-Aged Adults? Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1700. [PMID: 32604790 PMCID: PMC7352661 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Data on the leading shared risk factors of cancer and mental disorders are limited. We included 98,958 participants (54.8% women) aged 45-64 years from the 45 and Up Study who were free of cancer, depression, and anxiety at baseline (2006-2009). The incidence of cancer, mental disorders, and multimorbidity (concurrent cancer and mental disorders) was identified using claim databases during follow-up until 31 December 2016. During a nine-year follow-up, the cumulative incidence of cancer, mental disorders, and multimorbidity was 8.8%, 17.4%, and 2.2%, respectively. Participants with cancer were 3.41 times more likely to develop mental disorders, while individuals with mental disorders were 3.06 times more likely to develop cancer than people without these conditions. The shared risk factors for cancer and mental disorders were older age, female gender, smoking, psychological distress, low fruit intake, poor/fair self-rated health, hypertension, arthritis, asthma, and diabetes. Low education, low income, overweight/obesity, and family history of depression were risk factors for mental disorders and multimorbidity but not cancer. In conclusion, smoking, low fruit intake, and obesity are key modifiable factors for the prevention of cancer and mental disorders. Individuals with poor/fair self-rated health, high psychological distress, asthma, hypertension, arthritis, or diabetes should be targeted for the prevention and screening of cancer and mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwen Shang
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia;
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Allison M. Hodge
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia;
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Wei Peng
- Research Centre for Data Analytics and Cognition, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia;
| | - Mingguang He
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia;
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, National Clinical Research Center, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia;
- China-Australia Joint Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Centre, Xi’an 760061, Shaanxi, China
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
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240
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The Mediating Effect of Unhealthy Behaviors and Body Mass Index in the Relation Between High Physical Workload and Self-Rated Poor Health in Male Construction Workers. J Occup Environ Med 2020; 62:e414-e422. [PMID: 32541621 PMCID: PMC7409768 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the mediating role of unhealthy behaviors and body mass index (BMI) in the relation between high physical workload and self-rated health in male construction workers. METHODS Longitudinal data over 2010 to 2018 were used of 30,224 male construction workers in The Netherlands. Smoking, lack of physical activity, and alcohol consumption were self-reported. BMI was based on measured body weight and height. Multilevel modeling path analyses were used to determine the mediating role of unhealthy behaviors in the relation between physical workload and poor health. RESULTS A direct effect of high physical workload on poor health adjusted for unhealthy behaviors and BMI was found (odds ratio [OR] 1.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.38 to 1.68). Indirect effects of the unhealthy behaviors and BMI in the relation between high physical workload and poor health were small (OR varying from 0.96 to 1.04). CONCLUSION The pathway of high physical workload and poor health through unhealthy behaviors and BMI was not supported.
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241
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Mount S, Ferrucci L, Wesselius A, Zeegers MP, Schols AM. Measuring successful aging: an exploratory factor analysis of the InCHIANTI Study into different health domains. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:3023-3040. [PMID: 31128067 PMCID: PMC6555461 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Advocating continued health into old age, so called successful aging, is a growing public health goal. However, the development of tools to measure aging is limited by the lack of appropriate outcome measures, and operational definitions of successful aging. Using exploratory factor analysis, we attempted to identify distinguishable health domains with representative variables of physical function, cognitive status, social interactions, psychological status, blood biomarkers, disease history, and socioeconomic status from the InCHIANTI study. We then used logistic and mixed effect regression models to determine whether the resulting domains predicted outcomes of successful aging over a nine-year follow-up. A four-domain health model was identified: neuro-sensory function, muscle function, cardio-metabolic function and adiposity. After adjustment for age and gender, all domains contributed to the prediction of walking speed (R2=0.73). Only the muscle function domain predicted dependency (R2=0.50). None of the domains were a strong, significant predictor of self-rated health (R2=0.18) and emotional vitality (R2=0.23). Cross-sectional findings were essentially replicated in the longitudinal analysis extended to nine-year follow-up. Our results suggest a multi-domain health model can predict objective but not subjective measures of successful aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Mount
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Anke Wesselius
- Department of Complex Genetics, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Maurice P Zeegers
- Department of Complex Genetics, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Annemie Mwj Schols
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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242
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Sprague BN, Phillips CB, Ross LA. Age-Varying Relationships Between Physical Function and Cognition in Older Adulthood. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2020; 74:772-784. [PMID: 29121330 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbx126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There are positive relationships between physical and cognitive function in older adulthood; however, the strength of these relationships are inconsistent across studies. Although novel statistical tools provide flexibility to explore age-related differences in relationship magnitude, such methods have not been implemented in gerontological research. This study applied such methods to examine variations in relationship magnitude between physical function and cognition in healthy older adults (N = 2,783). METHOD Time-varying effects modeling (TVEM) is an extension of regression that models changes in relationships as a function of time-varying metrics like age. TVEM was used to examine if physical function (Turn 360, grip strength) predicted cognitive performance (memory, processing speed/attention, and reasoning) similarly across adults aged 65-90. RESULTS All associations between Turn 360 and all cognitive domains were significant and positive; however, speed of processing had significant magnitude variation across age such that the young-old and the old-old demonstrated the strongest relationships. Associations between grip strength and all cognitive domains significantly strengthened with increased age. DISCUSSION Results suggest that depending on the sample age, there may be inconsistencies in the relationships between physical and cognitive performance. Future research should explore these relationships longitudinally to better elucidate discrepant findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana N Sprague
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Christine B Phillips
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Lesley A Ross
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
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243
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Gibbons J, Yang TC, Brault E, Barton M. Evaluating Residential Segregation's Relation to the Clustering of Poor Health across American Cities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3910. [PMID: 32492811 PMCID: PMC7312480 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Residential segregation by race/ethnicity is widely recognized as a leading source of health disparities. Not clear from past research, however, is the overall health burden cities face due to clustering brought about by segregation. This study builds on previous research by directly measuring how spatially unequal health outcomes are within segregated cities. Utilizing Census-tract data from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's 500 Cities project, we examine how different dimensions of spatial segregation are associated with the clustering of poor self-rated health in cities. We make novel usage of the Global Moran's I statistic to measure the spatial clustering of poor health within cities. We find spatial segregation is associated with poor health clustering, however the race/ethnicity and dimension of segregation matter. Our study contributes to existing research on segregation and health by unpacking the localized associations of residential segregation with poor health clustering in U.S. cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Gibbons
- Department of Sociology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Tse-Chuan Yang
- Department of Sociology, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY 12222, USA;
| | - Elizabeth Brault
- Department of Sociology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70802, USA; (E.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Michael Barton
- Department of Sociology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70802, USA; (E.B.); (M.B.)
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244
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Sousa JLD, Alencar GP, Antunes JLF, Silva ZPD. [Markers of inequality in self-rated health in Brazilian adults according to sex]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2020; 36:e00230318. [PMID: 32490914 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00230318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze self-rated health in Brazil's adult population according to markers of health inequality (color or race, region of residence, schooling, per capita household income, and social class), stratified by sex. We studied 59,758 individuals 18 years or older who participated in the 2013 National Health Survey, a population-based household survey. Data collection used face-to-face interviews and key physical measurements. Self-rated health was classified as positive, fair, or negative. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Percentage agreement and kappa values were calculated to compare the results obtained by regression models and the expected values. Prevalence of positive self-rated health in the overall population was 66.2% (70% in men and 62.6% in women). In the adjusted analysis, the odds of worse self-rated health were significantly higher in individuals with lower per capita household income, less schooling, from the lowest social classes, residents of the North and Northeast regions, and those with brown and black color/race. Public policies for health promotion and recovery in these more vulnerable social groups can help reduce the persistent health inequalities in Brazil.
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245
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Healthy aging and the University of the Third Age - Health behavior and subjective health outcomes in older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2020; 90:104126. [PMID: 32512462 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION By participating in the University of the Third Age (U3A), retirees are offered the opportunity for activation and development in the later years of life. However, little is known how certain aspects of healthy aging, such as health-related behavior and subjective health outcomes, differ between U3A students and other older adults not taking part in any form of education. To address this, the aim of the present study was to compare selected aspects of healthy aging in a group of U3A members with older adults not taking part in any form of lifelong learning. The study also establishes relationships between the tested variables and predictors of health behavior. MATERIALS AND METHODS 277 older adults (130 U3A members and 147 non-members) aged 60-92 (M = 68.84, SD = 5.32) completed measures of health behavior, self-rated physical health, self-rated sense of own health responsibility and satisfaction with life. RESULTS The U3A attendees presented significantly higher scores for general health behavior and some of its components, and declared higher self-rated health than their peers not affiliated to any educational organization. Self-rated health, responsibility for health and satisfaction with life were positively correlated with general health behavior and most of their categories. but the correlation coefficients differed between both groups. A hierarchical regression model demonstrated the predictive roles of attendance in U3A, sociodemographic and subjective factors in health behavior undertaking. CONCLUSIONS The study results may help to identify older adults who should be targeted in interventions aimed at supporting healthy aging.
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246
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Pinilla-Roncancio M, González-Uribe C, Lucumí DI. Do the determinants of self-rated health vary among older people with disability, chronic diseases or both conditions in urban Colombia? CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2020; 36:e00041719. [PMID: 32402010 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00041719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to identify the main determinants of self-rated health for individuals aged 60 years or older in Bogotá, Colombia, and if those determinants vary between groups. Data was obtained from the Demographic Health Survey 2011 for Bogotá. Logistic regression models were estimated to identify the determinants of excellent/good self-rated health among people aged 60 years or older living in Bogotá. Moreover, a subgroup analysis was conducted seeking to identify if the determinants changed between groups (men, women, persons with disability, with chronic disease(s), and persons with both disability and chronic disease(s)). The likelihood of reporting an excellent/good self-rated health health decreases when the individual has a disability, a chronic disease or reports that their household income is not enough to cover the basic needs. On the other hand, the odds of reporting excellent/good self-rated health increase when the individual is more educated and reports to receive family support. The subgroup analysis showed that although some determinants are only associated with one group (age with chronic diseases), in general, three main determinants stood out: years of education, socioeconomic status variables and receiving family support. The determinants of self-rated health for older adults in Bogotá differ according to the disability and the chronic disease status. Thus, public policies aiming to improve the levels of health and quality must consider the impacts of those characteristics on individuals' perceptions of their own health.
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247
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Massa KHC, Chiavegatto Filho ADP. Income Inequality and Self-Reported Health Among Older Adults in Brazil. J Appl Gerontol 2020; 40:152-161. [PMID: 32354250 DOI: 10.1177/0733464820917561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study analyzes the association between income inequality and self-reported health (SRH) in older adults, and separately for the young-old and very-old groups, residing in each of the 27 Brazilian capitals. The sample consisted of 4,912 individuals aged 60 or older residing in Brazilian capitals in 2013. Bayesian multilevel models were applied to the whole sample and separately for individuals aged 60 to 79 (young-old), and 80 or more (very-old). Our results show significant associations between income inequality and SRH, even after controlling for individual and contextual factors. We found greater odds of poor SRH among older adults living in areas with medium (odds ratio [OR] = 1.66, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.49-1.86) and high-income inequality (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 2.05-2.38). The negative association between income inequality and health, independently of the individual and contextual characteristics, suggests that living in unequal areas can have a detrimental effect on the health of older adults.
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248
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Gbeasor-Komlanvi FA, Tchankoni MK, Adjonko AB, Zida-Compaore WIC, Kouakou NK, Belo M, Agbonon A, Ekouevi DK. Prevalence and factors associated with poor self-rated health among communitydwelling older adults in Lomé (Togo) in 2019. J Public Health Afr 2020; 11:1302. [PMID: 33209236 PMCID: PMC7649730 DOI: 10.4081/jphia.2020.1302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of older adults is increasing worldwide, including in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, there is a paucity of data on the overall health status of older adults living in SSA. To assess the prevalence and factors associated with poor Self-Rated Health (SRH) among community-dwelling older adults in Lomé, Togo, we conducted a cross-sectional study from January to June 2019 in Lomé among community-dwelling older adults aged 50 years and older. A 30- minute questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic characteristics, medical history, patterns of medication use and use of herbal products and dietary supplements during a face-to-face interview. SRH was assessed using a single item: Overall, you would say that your health is… (1) excellent, (2) very good, (3) good, (4) fair and (5) poor with response fair or poor defining poor SRH. A total of 344 respondents with median age 63 years, (IQR: 55-72) were enrolled in the study. Women represented 57.6% of the sample. Overall prevalence of poor SRH was 56.4% (95%CI: 51.0-61.9) and was the highest among females (62.6% vs 47.9%; P=0.007) and participants ³60 years (61.5% vs 51.1%; P=0.021). Female sex, aged ≥60 years, osteoarthritis, hospitalization within the 12 months preceding the survey, polypharmacy, and the use of herbal products were factors associated with poor SRH (P<0.05). More than half of community- dwelling older adults had poor SRH in Lomé. Further studies are needed to guide policymakers in their efforts to design and implement meaningful policies to improve older adults health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mofou Belo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lomé
| | - Amegnona Agbonon
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, Lomé, University of Lomé, Togo
| | - Didier Koumavi Ekouevi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lomé
- African Center of Research in Epidemiology and Public Health, Lomé
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249
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Association between Working Hours and Self-Rated Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17082736. [PMID: 32326597 PMCID: PMC7215404 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17082736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This study compared the association between working hours and self-rated health (SRH) according to sex, socioeconomic status, and working conditions. In all, 25,144 participants were selected from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), conducted from 2010 to 2018. The risks of poor SRH, according to working hours, were investigated using multiple logistic regression. Both short and long working hours were associated with poor SRH. Men working short hours and women working long hours were at risk of poor SRH. Workers with fewer than nine years of education were at risk of poor SRH when working short hours, whereas workers with more than nine years of education were at risk when working long hours. Similarly, simple laborers were at risk of poor SRH when working short hours, while managers and professional workers were at risk when working long hours. When working for short hours, paid employees were at risk of poor SRH. Workers with a non-fixed work schedule showed no risk of poor SRH when working long or short hours. In conclusion, workers working short hours with low education and workers working long hours with high education were at risk of poor SRH. Working conditions were significantly related to the association between SRH and working hours.
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250
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Pilewska-Kozak AB, Pałucka K, Łepecka-Klusek C, Stadnicka G, Jurek K, Dobrowolska BB. Perception of health, health behaviours and the use of prophylactic examinations in postmenopausal women. BMC Womens Health 2020; 20:71. [PMID: 32290849 PMCID: PMC7155283 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-020-00931-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pro-health behaviours aim at disease prevention, recovery from an illness and maintenance of good health in a physical, mental and social sphere. The study had two main objectives: (a) to analyse health behaviours of postmenopausal women and their understanding of the notion of health, and (b) to analyse the relationship between individual categories of health behaviours and prophylactic activities undertaken by postmenopausal women. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among a convenience sample of 510 postmenopausal women. Three study instruments were used: an original questionnaire and two instruments designed by Juczyński: the List of Health Criteria and the Health Behaviour Inventory. RESULTS In the view of the respondents health was primarily synonymous with a feature, because the following three associations were given the highest priority when defining health: to be healthy means 'have all body parts functioning well' (M = 1.82), 'do not experience any physical problems' (M = 1.43) and 'not be sick, only occasionally suffer from flu, cold or indigestion'. The score for health behaviours was average (M = 86.18). The highest score was achieved in the area of prophylactic behaviours. General indicator of health-related behaviours was higher in women who rated their health as very good (p < 0.05). Women whose general indicator of health-related behaviours was higher regularly performed prophylactic gynaecological examinations (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Results showed that women after menopause treat health mainly as a feature of their body and condition specific for this period of life. The analysis of postmenopausal women's health behaviours and their perception of health helped to identify areas that require the focus of medical personnel in regard to health promotion and prophylaxis. The average general indicator of health-related behaviours is positive for this group of women as it shows that they care about their health, especially in terms of prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna B Pilewska-Kozak
- Chair and Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Endocrinology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Aleje Racławickie 23, 20-049, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Klaudia Pałucka
- Chair and Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Endocrinology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Aleje Racławickie 23, 20-049, Lublin, Poland
| | - Celina Łepecka-Klusek
- Chair and Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Endocrinology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Aleje Racławickie 23, 20-049, Lublin, Poland
| | - Grażyna Stadnicka
- Chair and Department of Development in Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Jurek
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Sociology, John Paul II Catholic University in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Beata B Dobrowolska
- Chair of Development in Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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