251
|
Boukersi H, Lebaili N, Samson N, Granon S. Implication of regional brain serotonergic neurons in dorsal and median Raphé nuclei in adaptation to water lacking in Gerbillus tarabuli. J Chem Neuroanat 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
252
|
Lloyd EC, Steinglass JE. What can food-image tasks teach us about anorexia nervosa? A systematic review. J Eat Disord 2018; 6:31. [PMID: 30410758 PMCID: PMC6211517 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-018-0217-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A salient feature of anorexia nervosa (AN) is the persistent and severe restriction of food, such that dietary intake is inadequate to maintain a healthy body weight. Experimental tasks and paradigms have used illness-relevant stimuli, namely food images, to study the eating-specific neurocognitive mechanisms that promote food avoidance. This systematic review, completed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, identified and critically evaluated paradigms involving images of food that have been used to study AN. There were 50 eligible studies, published before March 10th 2018, identified from Medline and PsychINFO searches, and reference screening. Studies using food image-based paradigms were categorised into three methodologic approaches: neuropsychology, neurophysiology, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Paradigms were reviewed with a focus on how well they address phenomena central to AN. Across tasks, differences between individuals with AN and healthy peers have been identified, with the most consistent findings in the area of reward processing. Measuring task performance alongside actual eating behaviour, and using experimental manipulations to probe causality, may advance understanding of the mechanisms of illness in AN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E. Caitlin Lloyd
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Joanna E. Steinglass
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY USA
| |
Collapse
|
253
|
It's craving time: time of day effects on momentary hunger and food craving in daily life. Nutrition 2018; 55-56:15-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
254
|
Watching happy faces potentiates incentive salience but not hedonic reactions to palatable food cues in overweight/obese adults. Appetite 2018; 133:83-92. [PMID: 30367892 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
'Wanting' and 'liking' are mediated by distinct brain reward systems but their dissociation in human appetite and overeating remains debated. Further, the influence of socioemotional cues on food reward is little explored. We examined these issues in overweight/obese (OW/OB) and normal-weight (NW) participants who watched food images varying in palatability in the same time as videoclips of avatars looking at the food images while displaying facial expressions (happy, disgust or neutral) with their gaze directed only toward the food or consecutively toward the food and participants. We measured heart rate (HR) deceleration as an index of attentional/incentive salience, facial EMG activity as an index of hedonic or disgust reactions, and self-report of wanting and liking. OW/OB participants exhibited a larger HR deceleration to palatable food pictures than NW participants suggesting that they attributed greater incentive salience to food cues. However, in contrast to NW participants, they did not display increased hedonic facial reactions to the liked food cues. Subjective ratings of wanting and liking did not differentiate the two groups. Further, OW/OB participants had more pronounced HR deceleration than NW participants to palatable food cues when they watched avatars' happy faces gazing at the food. In line with the "incentive-sensitization" hypothesis, our data suggest that incentive salience attribution and not hedonic reactivity is increased in OW/OB individuals and that happy faces, as social reward cues, potentiate implicit wanting in OW/OB people.
Collapse
|
255
|
Wulff AB, Tooley J, Marconi LJ, Creed MC. Ventral pallidal modulation of aversion processing. Brain Res 2018; 1713:62-69. [PMID: 30300634 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Responding to aversive and rewarding stimuli is essential to survival. The ventral pallidum (VP) is a critical node in the mesolimbic network, being the primary output of the nucleus accumbens and projecting to the lateral habenula (LHb) and ventral tegmental area (VTA). The VP is thus poised to modulate the habenula-tegmental circuitry and contribute to processing both rewarding and aversive stimuli. Here, we integrate human functional imaging, behavioral pharmacology in rodents, and recent optogenetic circuit dissection studies of the VP with a focus on the role of the neurochemically-distinct subpopulations in aversion processing. These recent results support a model in which glutamatergic VP neurons play a unique role in aversion processing, while canonical GABAergic VP neurons promote reinforcement and encode the hedonic value of reward. Genetic ablation of glutamatergic, but not GABAergic VP neurons abolishes devaluation of natural reward (sucrose) by pairing with an aversive stimulus (lithium chloride injection). Both of these populations modulate activity throughout the LHb and VTA, which is necessary for expression of adaptive behavior in response to rewarding or aversive stimuli. Future work will address how neuromodulators such as endogenous opioids or dopamine shape function and plasticity within these distinct populations of VP neurons, when these subpopulations are engaged during learning responses to rewarding and aversive stimuli, and how their activity is altered in models of reward-related disorders. Answering these questions will be necessary to understand the basis and ultimately develop targeted therapies for disorders of reward/aversion processing, such as affective, chronic pain and substance use disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas B Wulff
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, United States
| | - Jessica Tooley
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Anesthesiology, United States; University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, United States
| | - Lauren J Marconi
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, United States
| | - Meaghan C Creed
- Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Department of Anesthesiology, United States
| |
Collapse
|
256
|
Zhang S, Cui L, Sun X, Zhang Q. The effect of attentional bias modification on eating behavior among women craving high-calorie food. Appetite 2018; 129:135-142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
257
|
Chakravarthy S, Balasubramani PP, Mandali A, Jahanshahi M, Moustafa AA. The many facets of dopamine: Toward an integrative theory of the role of dopamine in managing the body's energy resources. Physiol Behav 2018; 195:128-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
258
|
Go/no-go training affects frontal midline theta and mu oscillations to passively observed food stimuli. Neuropsychologia 2018; 119:280-291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
259
|
Evaluating anhedonia in the activity-based anorexia (ABA) rat model. Physiol Behav 2018; 194:324-332. [PMID: 29913226 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Patients suffering anorexia nervosa (AN) become anhedonic, in other words, unable or unwilling to derive normal pleasures and avoid rewarding outcomes, most profoundly in food intake. The neurobiological underpinnings of anhedonia are likely to involve mesolimbic reward circuitry. We propose here that this circuitry and its involvement in AN can be investigated using the activity-based anorexia (ABA) rodent model that recapitulates many of the characteristics of the human condition, most notably rapid weight loss. Preference for sweetened water was used to assay hedonic processing in female Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to the ABA protocol, which involves free access to running wheels paired with time-limited access to food. This protocol uncovered a transient anhedonia in only one quarter of cases; however, exposure to running wheels alone was associated with a rapid aversion to sweetened water (F1.833, 20.17 = 78.29, p < .0001), and time-limited food access alone did not impact preference (F2.205, 24.25 = 0.305, p = .761). High levels of running wheel activity prior to the onset of food restriction increased susceptibility to body weight loss in ABA (F10,196.129 = 2.069, p = .029) and food anticipatory activity predicted subsequent food intake only for rats that were resistant to body weight loss (r = 0.44, p = .001). These data are inconsistent with the hypothesis that anhedonia underscores the precipitous weight loss in ABA, however, they highlight the predictive nature of hyperactivity in susceptibility to the ABA paradigm. These results will help inform the neurobiological framework of ABA and provide insight into the mechanisms of reward relevant to feeding and weight loss.
Collapse
|
260
|
Ali EF, MacKay JC, Graitson S, James JS, Cayer C, Audet MC, Kent P, Abizaid A, Merali Z. Palatable Food Dampens the Long-Term Behavioral and Endocrine Effects of Juvenile Stressor Exposure but May Also Provoke Metabolic Syndrome in Rats. Front Behav Neurosci 2018; 12:216. [PMID: 30283308 PMCID: PMC6156124 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The juvenile period is marked by a reorganization and growth of important brain regions including structures associating with reward seeking behaviors such as the nucleus accumbens (NA) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). These changes are impacted by stressors during the juvenile period and may lead to a predisposition to stress induced psychopathology and abnormal development of brain reward systems. Like in humans, adult rodents engage certain coping mechanisms such as increases in the consumption of calorie-rich palatable foods to reduce stress, but this behavior can lead to obesity and metabolic disorders. In this study, we examined whether stressors during the juvenile period led to increased caloric intake when a palatable diet was accessible, and whether this diet attenuated adult stress responses. In addition, we examined if the stress buffering effects produced by the palatable diet were also accompanied by an offset propensity towards obesity, and by alterations in mRNA expression of dopamine (DA) receptors in the NA and PFC in adulthood. To this end, juvenile male Wistar rats underwent episodic stressor exposure (forced swim, elevated platform stress and restraint) on postnatal days (PD) 27-29 and received access to regular chow or daily limited access to a palatable diet until adulthood. At the age of 2 months, rats were tested on a social interaction test that screens for anxiety-like behaviors and their endocrine responses to an acute stressor. Animals were sacrificed, and their brains processed to detect differences in DA receptor subtype expression in the PFC and NA using qPCR. Results showed that rats that were stressed during the juvenile period displayed higher social anxiety and a sensitized corticosterone response as adults and these effects were attenuated by access to the palatable diet. Nevertheless, rats that experienced juvenile stress and consumed a palatable diet showed greater adiposity in adulthood. Interestingly, the same group displayed greater mRNA expression of DA receptors at the NA. This suggests that access to a palatable diet mitigates the behavioral and endocrine effects of juvenile stressor exposure in adulthood, but at the cost of metabolic imbalances and a sensitized dopaminergic system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Fatima Ali
- The Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Samantha Graitson
- The Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jonathan Stewart James
- The Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Christian Cayer
- The Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Audet
- The Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Pamela Kent
- The Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Alfonso Abizaid
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Zul Merali
- The Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
261
|
Abstract
The failure of traditional antidepressant medications to adequately target cognitive impairment is associated with poor treatment response, increased risk of relapse, and greater lifetime disability. Opioid receptor antagonists are currently under development as novel therapeutics for major depressive disorder (MDD) and other stress-related illnesses. Although it is known that dysregulation of the endogenous opioid system is observed in patients diagnosed with MDD, the impact of opioidergic neurotransmission on cognitive impairment has not been systematically evaluated. Here we review the literature indicating that opioid manipulations can alter cognitive functions in humans. Furthermore, we detail the preclinical studies that demonstrate the ability of mu-opioid receptor and kappa-opioid receptor ligands to modulate several cognitive processes. Specifically, this review focuses on domains within higher order cognitive processing, including attention and executive functioning, which can differentiate cognitive processes influenced by motivational state.
Collapse
|
262
|
Brewer JA, Ruf A, Beccia AL, Essien GI, Finn LM, van Lutterveld R, Mason AE. Can Mindfulness Address Maladaptive Eating Behaviors? Why Traditional Diet Plans Fail and How New Mechanistic Insights May Lead to Novel Interventions. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1418. [PMID: 30250438 PMCID: PMC6139346 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Emotional and other maladaptive eating behaviors develop in response to a diversity of triggers, from psychological stress to the endless external cues in our modern food environment. While the standard approach to food- and weight-related concerns has been weight-loss through dietary restriction, these interventions have produced little long-term benefit, and may be counterproductive. A growing understanding of the behavioral and neurobiological mechanisms that underpin habit formation may explain why this approach has largely failed, and pave the way for a new generation of non-pharmacologic interventions. Here, we first review how modern food environments interact with human biology to promote reward-related eating through associative learning, i.e., operant conditioning. We also review how operant conditioning (positive and negative reinforcement) cultivates habit-based reward-related eating, and how current diet paradigms may not directly target such eating. Further, we describe how mindfulness training that targets reward-based learning may constitute an appropriate intervention to rewire the learning process around eating. We conclude with examples that illustrate how teaching patients to tap into and act on intrinsic (e.g., enjoying healthy eating, not overeating, and self-compassion) rather than extrinsic reward mechanisms (e.g., weighing oneself), is a promising new direction in improving individuals' relationship with food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judson A. Brewer
- Center for Mindfulness in Medicine, Healthcare, and Society, Division of Mindfulness, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Andrea Ruf
- Center for Mindfulness in Medicine, Healthcare, and Society, Division of Mindfulness, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Ariel L. Beccia
- Center for Mindfulness in Medicine, Healthcare, and Society, Division of Mindfulness, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Gloria I. Essien
- Contemplative Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Leonard M. Finn
- Needham Wellesley Family Medicine PC, Wellesley, MA, United States
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Remko van Lutterveld
- Center for Mindfulness in Medicine, Healthcare, and Society, Division of Mindfulness, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Ashley E. Mason
- Department of Medicine, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
263
|
Peters T, Antel J, Föcker M, Esber S, Hinney A, Schéle E, Dickson SL, Albayrak Ö, Hebebrand J. The association of serum leptin levels with food addiction is moderated by weight status in adolescent psychiatric inpatients. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2018; 26:618-628. [DOI: 10.1002/erv.2637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Triinu Peters
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Essen; University of Duisburg-Essen; Essen Germany
| | - Jochen Antel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Essen; University of Duisburg-Essen; Essen Germany
| | - Manuel Föcker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Essen; University of Duisburg-Essen; Essen Germany
| | - Simon Esber
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Essen; University of Duisburg-Essen; Essen Germany
| | - Anke Hinney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Essen; University of Duisburg-Essen; Essen Germany
| | - Erik Schéle
- Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology; The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Suzanne L. Dickson
- Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology; The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Özgür Albayrak
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy; Hannover Medical School (MHH); Hannover Germany
| | - Johannes Hebebrand
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Essen; University of Duisburg-Essen; Essen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
264
|
Giuliani NR, Merchant JS, Cosme D, Berkman ET. Neural predictors of eating behavior and dietary change. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1428:208-220. [PMID: 29543993 PMCID: PMC6139096 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Recently, there has been an increase in the number of human neuroimaging studies seeking to predict behavior above and beyond traditional measurements such as self-report. This trend has been particularly notable in the area of food consumption, as the percentage of people categorized as overweight or obese continues to rise. In this review, we argue that there is considerable utility in this form of health neuroscience, modeling the neural bases of eating behavior and dietary change in healthy community populations. Further, we propose a model and accompanying evidence indicating that several basic processes underlying eating behavior, particularly reactivity, regulation, and valuation, can be predictive of behavior change. We also discuss future directions for this work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole R. Giuliani
- Department of Special Education and Clinical Sciences, University of Oregon
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Oregon
| | | | - Danielle Cosme
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Oregon
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon
| | - Elliot T. Berkman
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Oregon
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon
| |
Collapse
|
265
|
Prevalence of obesity for opioid- and stimulant-dependent participants in substance use treatment clinical trials. Drug Alcohol Depend 2018; 190:255-262. [PMID: 30077926 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To estimate obesity prevalence among drug-dependent individuals and to compare prevalence across different types of drug dependence. METHODS 1596 opioid- and/or stimulant-dependent participants were extracted from six clinical trials within the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA CTN) to estimate obesity prevalence among drug-dependent users. Age-, sex-, and race-matched National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) samples were used as a general population reference. Standardized prevalence ratios (SPRs) were calculated to compare the CTN sample to NHANES as well as to compare within the CTN sample. Logistic regression estimated associations between the type of drug dependence and obesity. RESULTS The standardized obesity prevalence among the drug-dependent CTN trial participants was 67% of expected for age-, sex- and race-matched NIHANES participants (SPR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.60-0.74). Obesity was least prevalent among opioid-dependent-only participants (SPR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.27-0.46 compared to the NHANES, and SPR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.23-0.46 compared to the stimulant-dependent-only participants). Compared to stimulant-dependent-only users (p < 0.0001), the odds of obesity were 67% lower among opioid-dependent-only users (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.23-0.46) and 33% lower among opioid and stimulant-co-dependent users (AOR = 0.67, 95%CI: 0.49-0.90) after controlling for age, sex, race, education and employment pattern. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of obesity among drug-dependent clinical trial participants was lower than the general population, and lowest among opioid-dependent-only users, suggesting an inverse relationship between obesity prevalence and drug dependence, most notable among opioid-dependent-only users.
Collapse
|
266
|
Riemer S, Ellis SL, Thompson H, Burman OH. Reinforcer effectiveness in dogs—The influence of quantity and quality. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
267
|
Krolick KN, Zhu Q, Shi H. Effects of Estrogens on Central Nervous System Neurotransmission: Implications for Sex Differences in Mental Disorders. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 160:105-171. [PMID: 30470289 PMCID: PMC6737530 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nearly one of every five US individuals aged 12 years old or older lives with certain types of mental disorders. Men are more likely to use various types of substances, while women tend to be more susceptible to mood disorders, addiction, and eating disorders, all of which are risks associated with suicidal attempts. Fundamental sex differences exist in multiple aspects of the functions and activities of neurotransmitter-mediated neural circuits in the central nervous system (CNS). Dysregulation of these neural circuits leads to various types of mental disorders. The potential mechanisms of sex differences in the CNS neural circuitry regulating mood, reward, and motivation are only beginning to be understood, although they have been largely attributed to the effects of sex hormones on CNS neurotransmission pathways. Understanding this topic is important for developing prevention and treatment of mental disorders that should be tailored differently for men and women. Studies using animal models have provided important insights into pathogenesis, mechanisms, and new therapeutic approaches of human diseases, but some concerns remain to be addressed. The purpose of this chapter is to integrate human and animal studies involving the effects of the sex hormones, estrogens, on CNS neurotransmission, reward processing, and associated mental disorders. We provide an overview of existing evidence for the physiological, behavioral, cellular, and molecular actions of estrogens in the context of controlling neurotransmission in the CNS circuits regulating mood, reward, and motivation and discuss related pathology that leads to mental disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen N Krolick
- Center for Physiology and Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | - Qi Zhu
- Center for Physiology and Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States
| | - Haifei Shi
- Center for Physiology and Neuroscience, Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States; Cellular, Molecular and Structural Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
268
|
Moreno-Padilla M, Fernández-Serrano MJ, Reyes del Paso GA. Risky decision-making after exposure to a food-choice task in excess weight adolescents: Relationships with reward-related impulsivity and hunger. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202994. [PMID: 30142187 PMCID: PMC6108517 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of exposure to a food-choice task (appetizing versus healthy food) on risky decision-making by excess versus normal weight adolescents. We also analyzed the influence of food visualization on hunger levels, as well as group differences in food choices and impulsivity. METHODS Fifty-six adolescents (aged 13-18 years) classified as excess (n = 27) or normal (n = 29) weight participated in the study. Risky-decision-making was assessed through the Balloon Analogue Risk Task, which was administered before and after a food-choice task. We also evaluated impulsivity traits through the UPPS-P Scale, and subjective hunger levels with a visual analogue scale. RESULTS Adolescents with excess weight showed enhanced risky decision-making after the food-choice task compared to normal weight adolescents, as well as increased hunger levels. Furthermore, excess weight adolescents made more appetizing choices, and showed greater scores for Positive Urgency and Sensation Seeking. Reward-related impulsivity measures were positively associated with the number of appetizing choices in the food-choice task. Several associations were found between impulsivity measures, hunger levels and risk-taking variables. CONCLUSIONS Excess weight adolescents increased their risky-decision-making after food exposure and this augmentation was associated with the increase in hunger levels. Increased hunger levels and risk-taking after food exposure could lead to overeating. Alterations in decision-making caused by food signals may be a long-term risk factor for the development of obesity in adulthood. In modern societies, with the high availability and continuous exposure to food cues, decision-making may be a crucial factor in maintain healthy eating habits in adolescents.
Collapse
|
269
|
Aguilera JM, Kim BK, Park DJ. Particular Alimentations for Nutrition, Health and Pleasure. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2018; 87:371-408. [PMID: 30678818 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
People around the world select their foods and meals according to particular choices based on physiological disorders and diseases, traditions, lifestyles, beliefs, etc. In this chapter, two of these particular alimentations are reviewed: those of the gourmet and the frail elderly. They take place in an environment where food is usually synonymous of body health disregarding its effects on social, cultural and psychological aspects, including emotions. Based on an extensive literature review, it is proposed that the paradigm changes from food equals health to food means well-being, the latter encompassing physical and physiological aspects as well as psychological, emotional and social aspects at the individual and societal levels. The growing food and nutrition requirements of an aging population are reviewed and special nutritious and enjoyable products available for this group are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Miguel Aguilera
- Department of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Bum-Keun Kim
- Division of Strategic Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong June Park
- Division of Strategic Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
270
|
Extrinsic and intrinsic food product attributes in consumer and sensory research: literature review and quantification of the findings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11301-018-0146-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
271
|
Alabduljader K, Cliffe M, Sartor F, Papini G, Cox WM, Kubis HP. Ecological momentary assessment of food perceptions and eating behavior using a novel phone application in adults with or without obesity. Eat Behav 2018; 30:35-41. [PMID: 29777968 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We developed a smart phone application to measure participants' food-reward perceptions and eating behavior in their naturalistic environment. Intensity ratings (0 - not at all to 10 - very strongly) of perceived anticipation of food (wanting) and food enjoyment at endpoint of intake (liking) were recorded as they occurred over a period of 14 days. Moreover, food craving trait, implicit and explicit attitude towards healthy food, and body composition were assessed. 53 participants provided complete data. Participants were classified by percentage of body fat; 33 participants with lower body fat (L-group) and 20 with higher body fat (H-group; ≥25% body fat for males and ≥32% for females). L-group participants reported 6.34 (2.00) food wanting events per day, whereas H-group participants recorded significantly fewer food wanting events (5.07 (1.42)); both groups resisted about the same percentage of wanting events (L-group: 29.2 (15.5)%; H-group 27.3 (12.8)%). Perceived intensity ratings were significantly different within the L-group in the order liking (7.65 (0.81)) > un-resisted wanting (leading to eating) (7.00 (1.01)) > resisted wanting (not leading to eating) (6.02 (1.72)) but not in the H-group. Liking scores (L-group: 7.65 (0.81); H-group: 7.14 (1.04)) were significantly higher in L-group than in H-group after controlling for age. Our results show that individuals with higher percentage of body fat show less food enjoyment after intake and reveal no differentiation in intensity ratings of perceived anticipatory and consummatory food reward. These results are consistent with a hypothesized reward deficiency among individuals with higher percentage of body fat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kholoud Alabduljader
- College of Health and Behavioral Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK; Department of Physical Education and Sport, College of Basic Education, The Public Authority of Applied Education, Kuwait
| | - Marion Cliffe
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Bangor, UK
| | - Francesco Sartor
- Department of Personal Health, Philips Research, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Gabriele Papini
- Department of Personal Health, Philips Research, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - W Miles Cox
- College of Health and Behavioral Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Hans-Peter Kubis
- College of Health and Behavioral Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
272
|
Lowe CJ, Staines WR, Manocchio F, Hall PA. The neurocognitive mechanisms underlying food cravings and snack food consumption. A combined continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) and EEG study. Neuroimage 2018; 177:45-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
|
273
|
Guzek D, Głąbska D, Mellová B, Zadka K, Żywczyk K, Gutkowska K. Influence of Food Neophobia Level on Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Its Association with Urban Area of Residence and Physical Activity in a Nationwide Case-Control Study of Polish Adolescents. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10070897. [PMID: 30011815 PMCID: PMC6073542 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the factors that may influence fruit and vegetable intake, there is a food neophobia level, but the other elements, including physical activity and place of residence, must also be taken into account as interfering ones. The aim of the study was to analyze the association between food neophobia level and the intake of fruits and vegetables in a nationwide case-control study of Polish adolescents (12–13 years), including the influence of gender, the physical activity program participation and the place of residence. The #goathletics Study was conducted among a group of 1014 adolescents, 507 individuals representative for a nationwide physical activity program “Athletics for All” participants (characterized by an active lifestyle) and 507 pair-matched individuals (characterized by sedentary behavior), while 502 were representative for urban and 512 for suburban area. The assessment of food neophobia level was based on the Food Neophobia Scale questionnaire and the assessment of fruit and vegetable intake was based on the validated food frequency questionnaire. It was observed that higher food neophobia level is associated with a lower fruit and vegetable intake, that was stated both for girls and boys, as well as both for individuals characterized by an active lifestyle and those characterized by sedentary behavior, both from urban and suburban area. Food neophobic individuals characterized by an active lifestyle and those from urban areas were characterized by a higher fruit intake than individuals characterized by sedentary behavior and those from suburban areas, from the same food neophobia category. It was found that food neophobia may reduce fruit and vegetable intake, but the physical activity education with peers may reduce the observed influence and should be applied especially in the case of neophobic individuals from suburban areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Guzek
- Department of Organization and Consumption Economics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dominika Głąbska
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Blanka Mellová
- Nutrition, Health and Wellness Unit, Nestlé Polska S.A., 32 Domaniewska Street, 02-672 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Zadka
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Żywczyk
- Nutrition, Health and Wellness Unit, Nestlé Polska S.A., 32 Domaniewska Street, 02-672 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Krystyna Gutkowska
- Department of Organization and Consumption Economics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
274
|
Leslie M, Turton R, Burgess E, Nazar BP, Treasure J. Testing the addictive appetite model of binge eating: The importance of craving, coping, and reward enhancement. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2018; 26:541-550. [DOI: 10.1002/erv.2621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Leslie
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience; King's College London; London UK
| | - Robert Turton
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience; King's College London; London UK
| | - Emilee Burgess
- Department of Psychology; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Birmingham Alabama USA
| | - Bruno Palazzo Nazar
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience; King's College London; London UK
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro-Institute of Psychiatry (IPUB-UFRJ); Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Janet Treasure
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience; King's College London; London UK
| |
Collapse
|
275
|
Ferentzi H, Scheibner H, Wiers R, Becker ES, Lindenmeyer J, Beisel S, Rinck M. Retraining of automatic action tendencies in individuals with obesity: A randomized controlled trial. Appetite 2018; 126:66-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
276
|
Pribic T, Azpiroz F. Biogastronomy: Factors that determine the biological response to meal ingestion. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30:e13309. [PMID: 29392797 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biological response to a meal includes physiological changes, primarily related to the digestive process, and a sensory experience, involving sensations related to the homeostatic control of food consumption, eg, satiety and fullness, with a hedonic dimension, ie associated with changes in digestive well-being and mood. The responses to a meal include a series of events before, during and after ingestion. While much attention has been paid to the events before and during ingestion, relatively little is known about the postprandial sensations, which are key to the gastronomical experience. PURPOSE The aim of this narrative review is to provide a comprehensive overview and to define the framework to investigate the factors that determine the postprandial experience. Based on a series of proof-of-concept studies and related information, we propose that the biological responses to a meal depend on the characteristics of the meal, primarily its palatability and composition, and the responsiveness of the guest, which may be influenced by multiple previous and concurrent conditioning factors. This information provides the scientific backbone to the development of personalized gastronomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Pribic
- Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Azpiroz
- Digestive System Research Unit, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
277
|
Frontal EEG asymmetry moderates the association between attentional bias towards food and body mass index. Biol Psychol 2018; 136:151-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
278
|
Moriya S, Yamashita A, Kawashima S, Nishi R, Yamanaka A, Kuwaki T. Acute Aversive Stimuli Rapidly Increase the Activity of Ventral Tegmental Area Dopamine Neurons in Awake Mice. Neuroscience 2018; 386:16-23. [PMID: 29958943 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is one of the origins of the brain dopaminergic system and is involved in regulating various physiological functions such as pain processing and motivation. In this study, we utilized a fiber photometry system to specifically investigate the activity of dopamine neurons in the VTA using dopamine transporter promoter-driven Cre recombinase-expressing mice and site-specific infection of adeno-associated virus carrying the FLEX G-CaMP6 gene. As expected, expression of G-CaMP6 was restricted to VTA dopamine neurons. We recorded G-CaMP6 green fluorescent signal, which reflected dopaminergic neuronal activity, in awake mice exposed to tail pinch, ultrasonic sound, predator odor, and a male intruder mouse. These stimuli resulted in a rapid and short-lasting increase in the activity of VTA dopamine neurons while the control stimuli of a gentle tail touch and appearance of empty box did not induce any changes. In addition, fluorescence intensity was not changed by any of these stimuli in the control animals expressing hrGFP instead of G-CaMP6 in VTA dopamine neurons. Our data clearly show that acute aversive stimuli rapidly increase the activity of VTA dopamine neurons and thus suggest a salience-processing role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunpei Moriya
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Akira Yamashita
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Shigetaka Kawashima
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Ryusei Nishi
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yamanaka
- Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kuwaki
- Department of Physiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
279
|
Lender A, Meule A, Rinck M, Brockmeyer T, Blechert J. Measurement of food-related approach–avoidance biases: Larger biases when food stimuli are task relevant. Appetite 2018; 125:42-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
280
|
Espel‐Huynh HM, Muratore AF, Lowe MR. A narrative review of the construct of hedonic hunger and its measurement by the Power of Food Scale. Obes Sci Pract 2018; 4:238-249. [PMID: 29951214 PMCID: PMC6009994 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The term 'hedonic hunger' refers to one's preoccupation with and desire to consume foods for the purposes of pleasure and in the absence of physical hunger. The Power of Food Scale (PFS) was developed as a quantitative measure of this construct in 2009. Since then, over 50 published studies have used the PFS to predict appetite-related outcomes including neural, cognitive, behavioural, anthropometric and clinical measures. OBJECTIVE This narrative review evaluates how closely the PFS captures the construct it was originally presumed to assess and to more clearly define hedonic hunger itself. METHODS The measure's relationship to four domains is reviewed and summarized: motivation to consume palatable foods; level of actual consumption of such foods; body mass; and subjective loss-of-control over one's eating behaviour. Findings are synthesized to generate a more accurate understanding of what the PFS measures and how it may relate to the broader definition of hedonic hunger. RESULTS Results suggest that the PFS is closely related to motivation to consume palatable foods and, in extreme cases, occurrence of loss-of-control eating episodes. PFS scores are not consistently predictive of amount of food consumed or body mass. CONCLUSIONS Implications of these findings are discussed in the context of behavioural health, and avenues for further inquiry are identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - A. F. Muratore
- Department of PsychologyDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - M. R. Lowe
- Department of PsychologyDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| |
Collapse
|
281
|
Jang H, Jung K, Jeong J, Park SK, Kralik JD, Jeong J. Nucleus accumbens shell moderates preference bias during voluntary choice behavior. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2018; 12:1428-1436. [PMID: 28992274 PMCID: PMC5629817 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsx072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell lies anatomically at a critical intersection within the brain’s reward system circuitry, however, its role in voluntary choice behavior remains unclear. Rats with electrolytic lesions in the NAc shell were tested in a novel foraging paradigm. Over a continuous two-week period they freely chose among four nutritionally identical but differently flavored food pellets by pressing corresponding levers. We examined the lesion’s effects on three behavioral dynamics components: motivation (when to eat), preference bias (what to choose) and persistence (how long to repeat the same choice). The lesion led to a marked increase in the preference bias: i.e., increased selection of the most-preferred choice option, and decreased selection of the others. We found no effects on any other behavioral measures, suggesting no effect on motivation or choice persistence. The results implicate the NAc shell in moderating the instrumental valuation process by inhibiting excessive bias toward preferred choice options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeran Jang
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Kanghoon Jung
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Korea.,Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Jaehoon Jeong
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Sang Ki Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Jerald D Kralik
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Korea.,Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Jaeseung Jeong
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
282
|
Crézé C, Candal L, Cros J, Knebel JF, Seyssel K, Stefanoni N, Schneiter P, Murray MM, Tappy L, Toepel U. The Impact of Caloric and Non-Caloric Sweeteners on Food Intake and Brain Responses to Food: A Randomized Crossover Controlled Trial in Healthy Humans. Nutrients 2018; 10:E615. [PMID: 29762471 PMCID: PMC5986495 DOI: 10.3390/nu10050615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Whether non-nutritive sweetener (NNS) consumption impacts food intake behavior in humans is still unclear. Discrepant sensory and metabolic signals are proposed to mislead brain regulatory centers, in turn promoting maladaptive food choices favoring weight gain. We aimed to assess whether ingestion of sucrose- and NNS-sweetened drinks would differently alter brain responses to food viewing and food intake. Eighteen normal-weight men were studied in a fasted condition and after consumption of a standardized meal accompanied by either a NNS-sweetened (NNS), or a sucrose-sweetened (SUC) drink, or water (WAT). Their brain responses to visual food cues were assessed by means of electroencephalography (EEG) before and 45 min after meal ingestion. Four hours after meal ingestion, spontaneous food intake was monitored during an ad libitum buffet. With WAT, meal intake led to increased neural activity in the dorsal prefrontal cortex and the insula, areas linked to cognitive control and interoception. With SUC, neural activity in the insula increased as well, but decreased in temporal regions linked to food categorization, and remained unchanged in dorsal prefrontal areas. The latter modulations were associated with a significantly lower total energy intake at buffet (mean kcal ± SEM; 791 ± 62) as compared to WAT (942 ± 71) and NNS (917 ± 70). In contrast to WAT and SUC, NNS consumption did not impact activity in the insula, but led to increased neural activity in ventrolateral prefrontal regions linked to the inhibition of reward. Total energy intake at the buffet was not significantly different between WAT and NNS. Our findings highlight the differential impact of caloric and non-caloric sweeteners on subsequent brain responses to visual food cues and energy intake. These variations may reflect an initial stage of adaptation to taste-calorie uncoupling, and could be indicative of longer-term consequences of repeated NNS consumption on food intake behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Crézé
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Laura Candal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Jérémy Cros
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Jean-François Knebel
- The Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology (The LINE), Departments of Radiology and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Lausanne and Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Electroencephalography Brain Mapping Core, Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM) of Lausanne and Geneva, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Kevin Seyssel
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Nathalie Stefanoni
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Philippe Schneiter
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Micah M Murray
- The Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology (The LINE), Departments of Radiology and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Lausanne and Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Electroencephalography Brain Mapping Core, Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM) of Lausanne and Geneva, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Gonin Eye Hospital, 1004 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Luc Tappy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Metabolic Center, Hôpital Intercantonal de la Broye, 1470 Estavayer-le-Lac, Switzerland.
| | - Ulrike Toepel
- The Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology (The LINE), Departments of Radiology and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Lausanne and Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Electroencephalography Brain Mapping Core, Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM) of Lausanne and Geneva, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
283
|
Spee B, Ishizu T, Leder H, Mikuni J, Kawabata H, Pelowski M. Neuropsychopharmacological aesthetics: A theoretical consideration of pharmacological approaches to causative brain study in aesthetics and art. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2018; 237:343-372. [PMID: 29779743 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments in neuroaesthetics have heightened the need for causative approaches to more deeply understand the mechanism underlying perception, emotion, and aesthetic experiences. This has recently been the topic for empirical work, employing several causative methods for changing brain activity, as well as comparative assessments of individuals with brain damage or disease. However, one area of study with high potential, and indeed a long history of often nonscientific use in the area of aesthetics and art, employing psychopharmacological chemicals as means of changing brain function, has not been systematically utilized. This chapter reviews the literature on this topic, analyzing neuroendocrinological (neurochemical) approaches and mechanisms that might be used to causatively study the aesthetic brain. We focus on four relevant neuromodulatory systems potentially related to aesthetic experience: the dopaminergic, serotonergic, cannabinoid, and the opioidergic system. We build a bridge to psychopharmacological methods and review drug-induced behavioral and neurobiological consequences. We conclude with a discussion of hypotheses and suggestions for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Spee
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Psychology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tomohiro Ishizu
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Psychology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Leder
- University of Vienna, Faculty of Psychology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jan Mikuni
- Department of Psychology, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
284
|
Clough SJ, Hudson RL, Dubocovich ML. Food-induced reinforcement is abrogated by the genetic deletion of the MT 1 or MT 2 melatonin receptor in C3H/HeN mice. Behav Brain Res 2018; 343:28-35. [PMID: 29374562 PMCID: PMC5842708 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Palatable food is known for its ability to enhance reinforcing responses. Studies have suggested a circadian variation in both drug and natural reinforcement, with each following its own time course. The goal of this study was to determine the role of the MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptors in palatable snack food-induced reinforcement, as measured by the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm during the light and dark phases. C3H/HeN wild-type mice were trained for snack food-induced CPP at either ZT 6 - 8 (ZT: Zeitgeber time; ZT 0 = lights on), when endogenous melatonin levels are low, or ZT 19 - 21, when melatonin levels are high. These time points also correspond to the high and low points for expression of the circadian gene Period1, respectively. The amount of snack food (chow, Cheetos®, Froot Loops® and Oreos®) consumed was of similar magnitude at both times, however only C3H/HeN mice conditioned to snack food at ZT 6 - 8 developed a place preference. C3H/HeN mice with a genetic deletion of either the MT1 (MT1KO) or MT2 (MT2KO) receptor tested at ZT 6 - 8 did not develop a place preference for snack food. Although the MT2KO mice showed a similar amount of snack food consumed when compared to wild-type mice, the MT1KO mice consumed significantly less than either genotype. We conclude that in our mouse model snack food-induced CPP is dependent on time of day and the presence of the MT1 or MT2 receptors, suggesting a role for melatonin and its receptors in snack food-induced reinforcement.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Conditioning, Psychological/physiology
- Feeding Behavior/physiology
- Feeding Behavior/psychology
- Food
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C3H
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Photoperiod
- Receptor, Melatonin, MT1/deficiency
- Receptor, Melatonin, MT1/genetics
- Receptor, Melatonin, MT2/deficiency
- Receptor, Melatonin, MT2/genetics
- Reinforcement, Psychology
- Spatial Behavior/physiology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon J Clough
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States
| | - Randall L Hudson
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States
| | - Margarita L Dubocovich
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
285
|
Kahathuduwa CN, Davis T, O'Boyle M, Binks M. Do scores on the Food Craving Inventory and Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire correlate with expected brain regions of interest in people with obesity? Physiol Behav 2018; 188:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
286
|
Attentional bias is more predictive of eating behavior after self-control exertion. Eat Behav 2018; 29:25-27. [PMID: 29428865 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
There is experimental evidence to suggest that attentional bias to food stimuli may predict food intake. The process model of ego-depletion (Inzlicht & Schmeichel, 2012) proposes that after self-control exertion, attention shifts toward rewarding objects such as palatable food, which in turn should prompt greater food consumption as an indicator of lower self-control. In the current study, 84 female restrained and unrestrained eaters engaged in a self-control or neutral task, followed by a measure of attentional bias and an eating task. Results indicated there were no differences in attentional bias or amount eaten between self-control conditions and dietary restraint groups. However, a moderated regression showed that attentional bias toward food or self-control images predicted eating behavior only in participants who previously exerted self-control, while no effect was found for participants in the neutral condition. These results suggest that attentional bias may predict food intake, but only for individuals who have previously exerted self-control.
Collapse
|
287
|
Cornil Y, Chandon P, Touati N. Plaisir épicurien, plaisir viscéral et préférence de tailles de portions alimentaires. CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIÉTÉTIQUE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cnd.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
288
|
Crézé C, Notter-Bielser ML, Knebel JF, Campos V, Tappy L, Murray M, Toepel U. The impact of replacing sugar- by artificially-sweetened beverages on brain and behavioral responses to food viewing – An exploratory study. Appetite 2018; 123:160-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
289
|
Ihssen N, Sokunbi MO, Lawrence AD, Lawrence NS, Linden DEJ. Neurofeedback of visual food cue reactivity: a potential avenue to alter incentive sensitization and craving. Brain Imaging Behav 2018; 11:915-924. [PMID: 27233784 PMCID: PMC5486584 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-016-9558-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
FMRI-based neurofeedback transforms functional brain activation in real-time into sensory stimuli that participants can use to self-regulate brain responses, which can aid the modification of mental states and behavior. Emerging evidence supports the clinical utility of neurofeedback-guided up-regulation of hypoactive networks. In contrast, down-regulation of hyperactive neural circuits appears more difficult to achieve. There are conditions though, in which down-regulation would be clinically useful, including dysfunctional motivational states elicited by salient reward cues, such as food or drug craving. In this proof-of-concept study, 10 healthy females (mean age = 21.40 years, mean BMI = 23.53) who had fasted for 4 h underwent a novel 'motivational neurofeedback' training in which they learned to down-regulate brain activation during exposure to appetitive food pictures. FMRI feedback was given from individually determined target areas and through decreases/increases in food picture size, thus providing salient motivational consequences in terms of cue approach/avoidance. Our preliminary findings suggest that motivational neurofeedback is associated with functionally specific activation decreases in diverse cortical/subcortical regions, including key motivational areas. There was also preliminary evidence for a reduction of hunger after neurofeedback and an association between down-regulation success and the degree of hunger reduction. Decreasing neural cue responses by motivational neurofeedback may provide a useful extension of existing behavioral methods that aim to modulate cue reactivity. Our pilot findings indicate that reduction of neural cue reactivity is not achieved by top-down regulation but arises in a bottom-up manner, possibly through implicit operant shaping of target area activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Ihssen
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK. .,Department of Psychology, Durham University, Queen's Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, TS17 6BH, UK.
| | - Moses O Sokunbi
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.,MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK.,Cognitive Neuroscience Sector, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, 34136, Italy
| | - Andrew D Lawrence
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | | | - David E J Linden
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.,MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
290
|
Caref K, Nicola SM. Endogenous opioids in the nucleus accumbens promote approach to high-fat food in the absence of caloric need. eLife 2018; 7:34955. [PMID: 29582754 PMCID: PMC5903865 DOI: 10.7554/elife.34955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
When relatively sated, people (and rodents) are still easily tempted to consume calorie-dense foods, particularly those containing fat and sugar. Consumption of such foods while calorically replete likely contributes to obesity. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) opioid system has long been viewed as a critical substrate for this behavior, mainly via contributions to the neural control of consumption and palatability. Here, we test the hypothesis that endogenous NAc opioids also promote appetitive approach to calorie-dense food in states of relatively high satiety. We simultaneously recorded NAc neuronal firing and infused a µ-opioid receptor antagonist into the NAc while rats performed a cued approach task in which appetitive and consummatory phases were well separated. The results reveal elements of a neural mechanism by which NAc opioids promote approach to high-fat food despite the lack of caloric need, demonstrating a potential means by which the brain is biased towards overconsumption of palatable food. Imagine that you have just finished Thanksgiving dinner. You are completely full, having eaten large portions of turkey, green beans and mashed potatoes. Yet, despite feeling full, you still find yourself tempted by a slice of pie for dessert, maybe even with ice cream on top. Why is it that in such a state of fullness, you desire a slice of pie but not, say, another helping of green beans? The answer may lie in the way the brain responds to food when we do not need any more calories. At such times, your brain drives you to continue eating only those foods that are tasty and calorie-dense. This preference for fatty and sweet foods may have been helpful in the past when we could not be certain where our next meal would come from. But in modern times, the widespread availability of food makes this preference potentially harmful. For example, the drive to consume fatty and sweet foods even when not hungry may now be contributing to soaring levels of obesity and type 2 diabetes. What exactly is happening inside the brain to produce this behavior? Previous work has implicated a structure called the nucleus accumbens. When scientists activated proteins called mu opioid receptors within the nucleus accumbens, animals ate more of the foods that they find tasty. However, they were not as interested in eating more of the foods that they are more ambivalent towards. Caref and Nicola now show that preventing opioid binding makes rats unwilling to respond to a cue to obtain cream, an appetizing, high-fat reward. It also abolishes the brain activity that drives the rats to respond the cue. Crucially, however, this effect only occurs in rats that are not hungry. It therefore appears that opioid binding in the nucleus accumbens drives animals to approach and eat high-fat foods, but only when they do not need the calories. That is, it increases fat consumption in animals that are not actually hungry. A drug that selectively blocks mu opioid receptors in the nucleus accumbens may reduce this behavior. Such a drug could potentially help to prevent obesity and the health problems associated with it.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Caref
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, United States
| | - Saleem M Nicola
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, United States
| |
Collapse
|
291
|
Tuning down the hedonic brain: Cognitive load reduces neural responses to high-calorie food pictures in the nucleus accumbens. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2018. [PMID: 29542095 PMCID: PMC5962628 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-018-0579-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The present research examined whether cognitive load modulates the neural processing of appetitive, high-calorie food stimuli. In a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, participants quickly categorized high-calorie and low-calorie food pictures versus object pictures as edible or inedible while they concurrently performed a digit-span task that varied between low and high cognitive load (memorizing six digits vs. one digit). In line with predictions, the digit-span task engaged the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) when cognitive load was high compared to low. Moreover, exposure to high-calorie compared to low-calorie food pictures led to increased activation in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), but only when cognitive load was low and not when it was high. In addition, connectivity analyses showed that load altered the functional coupling between NAcc and right DLPFC during presentation of the high-calorie versus low-calorie food pictures. Together, these findings indicate that loading the cognitive system moderates hedonic brain responses to high-calorie food pictures via interactions between NAcc and DLPFC. Our findings are consistent with the putative cognitive nature of food motivation. Implications for future research are discussed.
Collapse
|
292
|
Blanchet C, Mathieu MÈ, St-Laurent A, Fecteau S, St-Amour N, Drapeau V. A Systematic Review of Physical Activity Interventions in Individuals with Binge Eating Disorders. Curr Obes Rep 2018; 7:76-88. [PMID: 29460067 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-018-0295-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Our systematic review aims to assess the overall evidence available in the literature regarding the role of physical activity (PA) in individuals with binge eating disorder (BED) and better understand the potential underlying mechanisms of action. RECENT FINDINGS Currently, the most effective and well-established psychological treatment for BED is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with a remission rate around 80%. CBT is sometimes combined with pharmacotherapy targeting comorbidities associated with BED, such as obesity and depression. Another avenue of treatment that has been less studied is PA. It has been suggested that PA addresses the underlying mechanisms of BED and, thus, increases treatment efficiency. This systematic review provides additional knowledge concerning the benefits of PA in the treatment of individuals with BED including reduction of binge eating (BE) episodes and improvement in other associated comorbidities. Potential mechanisms of action of PA include neurochemical alterations affecting the reward system, reduction of negative affect, and its anorexigenic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudine Blanchet
- Département des Sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Mathieu
- Département de kinésiologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Audrey St-Laurent
- Département des Sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Shirley Fecteau
- Centre intégré universitaire en santé et services sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie St-Amour
- Département des Sciences infirmières, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Lévis, QC, Canada
- Programme de traitement des troubles du comportement alimentaire, Clinique St-Amour, Lévis, QC, Canada
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Département d'éducation physique, PEPS, Université Laval, 2300, rue de la Terrasse, suite 2214, Québec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Québec City, QC, Canada.
- Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
293
|
Leslie M, Silva P, Paloyelis Y, Blevins J, Treasure J. A Systematic Review and Quantitative Meta-Analysis of Oxytocin's Effects on Feeding. J Neuroendocrinol 2018; 30:10.1111/jne.12584. [PMID: 29480934 PMCID: PMC6292740 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oxytocin's anorexigenic effects have been widely documented and accepted; however, no paper has yet used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines to compile previous findings in a single systematic review and quantitative meta-analysis. The current paper aimed to identify published and unpublished studies examining the effects of oxytocin on energy intake in animals and humans, and the factors that moderate this effect. METHODS Web of Science, Pub Med, and Ovid were searched for published and unpublished studies reporting the effects of oxytocin on energy intake in wild-type animals and in humans, when administered in the absence of other active drugs or surgery. RESULTS 2049 articles were identified through the original systematic literature search, from which 54 articles were identified as relevant for inclusion in this review. An additional 3 relevant articles were identified in a later update of the literature search. Overall, a single-dose of oxytocin was found to reduce feeding in animals. Despite several individual studies which found that this effect persists to the end of the third week of chronic administration in rodent models, overall, this anorexigenic effect did not hold in the meta-analyses testing the effects of chronic administration. There was no overall effect of oxytocin on energy intake in humans, although a trend was identified for oxytocin to reduce consumption of solid foods. CONCLUSIONS Oxytocin reduces energy intake when administered as a single dose. Oxytocin can inhibit feeding over two- to three-week periods in rodent models. These effects typically do not persist beyond the third week of treatment. The anorexigenic effect of oxytocin is moderated by pregnant status, dose, method of administration, and diet composition. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Leslie
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London (KCL), London, UK
| | - Paulo Silva
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London (KCL), London, UK
| | - Yannis Paloyelis
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London (KCL), London, UK
| | - James Blevins
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Office of Research and Development Medical Research Service, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Janet Treasure
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London (KCL), London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
294
|
Stojek M, Shank LM, Vannucci A, Bongiorno DM, Nelson EE, Waters AJ, Engel SG, Boutelle KN, Pine DS, Yanovski JA, Tanofsky-Kraff M. A systematic review of attentional biases in disorders involving binge eating. Appetite 2018; 123:367-389. [PMID: 29366932 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Attentional bias (AB) may be one mechanism contributing to the development and/or maintenance of disordered eating. AB has traditionally been measured using reaction time in response to a stimulus. Novel methods for AB measurement include eye tracking to measure visual fixation on a stimulus, and electroencephalography to measure brain activation in response to a stimulus. This systematic review summarizes, critiques, and integrates data on AB gathered using the above-mentioned methods in those with binge eating behaviors, including binge eating, loss of control eating, and bulimia nervosa. METHOD Literature searches on PubMed and PsycInfo were conducted using combinations of terms related to binge eating and biobehavioral AB paradigms. Studies using AB paradigms with three categories of stimuli were included: food, weight/shape, and threat. For studies reporting means and standard deviations of group bias scores, Hedges' g effect sizes for group differences in AB were calculated. RESULTS Fifty articles met inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Individuals who binge eat in the absence of compensatory behaviors show an increased AB to food cues, but few studies have examined such individuals' AB toward weight/shape and threatening stimuli. Individuals with bulimia nervosa consistently show an increased AB to shape/weight cues and socially threatening stimuli, but findings for AB to food cues are mixed. DISCUSSION While there are important research gaps, preliminary evidence suggests that the combination of AB to disorder-specific cues (i.e., food and weight/shape) and AB toward threat may be a potent contributor to binge eating. This conclusion underscores previous findings on the interaction between negative affect and AB to disorder-specific cues. Recommendations for future research are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Stojek
- Department of Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory Veterans Program, 12 Executive Park Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Lisa M Shank
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), DoD, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA; Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), DHHS, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Anna Vannucci
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), DoD, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA; Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), DHHS, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Diana M Bongiorno
- Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, DHHS, 15K North Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Eric E Nelson
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Center for Biobehavioral Health, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA; Ohio State University, Department of Pediatrics, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Andrew J Waters
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), DoD, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Scott G Engel
- Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, 120 8th Street, Fargo, ND 58107, USA
| | - Kerri N Boutelle
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0874, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Daniel S Pine
- Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, DHHS, 15K North Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jack A Yanovski
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), DHHS, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Marian Tanofsky-Kraff
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), DoD, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA; Section on Growth and Obesity, Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), DHHS, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
295
|
Treasure J, Leslie M, Chami R, Fernández-Aranda F. Are trans diagnostic models of eating disorders fit for purpose? A consideration of the evidence for food addiction. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2018; 26:83-91. [DOI: 10.1002/erv.2578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janet Treasure
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience; King's College London; London UK
| | - Monica Leslie
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience; King's College London; London UK
| | - Rayane Chami
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience; King's College London; London UK
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Eating Disorders Unit, Department of Psychiatry; University Hospital of Bellvitge and CIBERobn (ISCIII); Barcelona Spain
| |
Collapse
|
296
|
Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Galak
- Tepper School of Business, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Joseph P. Redden
- Carlson School of Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| |
Collapse
|
297
|
Kemps E, Tiggemann M, Stewart-Davis E. Can attentional bias modification inoculate people to withstand exposure to real-world food cues? Appetite 2018; 120:222-229. [PMID: 28888728 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two experiments investigated whether attentional bias modification can inoculate people to withstand exposure to real-world appetitive food cues, namely television advertisements for chocolate products. Using a modified dot probe task, undergraduate women were trained to direct their attention toward (attend) or away from (avoid) chocolate pictures. Experiment 1 (N = 178) consisted of one training session; Experiment 2 (N = 161) included 5 weekly sessions. Following training, participants viewed television advertisements of chocolate or control products. They then took part in a so-called taste test as a measure of chocolate consumption. Attentional bias for chocolate was measured before training and after viewing the advertisements, and in Experiment 2 also at 24-h and 1-week follow-up. In Experiment 2, but not Experiment 1, participants in the avoid condition showed a significant reduction in attentional bias for chocolate, regardless of whether they had been exposed to advertisements for chocolate or control products. However, this inoculation effect on attentional bias did not generalise to chocolate intake. Future research involving more extensive attentional re-training may be needed to ascertain whether the inoculation effect on attentional bias can extend to consumption, and thus help people withstand exposure to real-world palatable food cues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kemps
- School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
298
|
Leigh SJ, Morris MJ. The role of reward circuitry and food addiction in the obesity epidemic: An update. Biol Psychol 2018; 131:31-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
299
|
Kahathuduwa CN, Davis T, O'Boyle M, Boyd LA, Chin SH, Paniukov D, Binks M. Effects of 3-week total meal replacement vs. typical food-based diet on human brain functional magnetic resonance imaging food-cue reactivity and functional connectivity in people with obesity. Appetite 2018; 120:431-441. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
300
|
Delbès AS, Castel J, Denis RGP, Morel C, Quiñones M, Everard A, Cani PD, Massiera F, Luquet SH. Prebiotics Supplementation Impact on the Reinforcing and Motivational Aspect of Feeding. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:273. [PMID: 29896158 PMCID: PMC5987188 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy homeostasis is tightly regulated by the central nervous system which responds to nervous and circulating inputs to adapt food intake and energy expenditure. However, the rewarding and motivational aspect of food is tightly dependent of dopamine (DA) release in mesocorticolimbic (MCL) system and could be operant in uncontrolled caloric intake and obesity. Accumulating evidence indicate that manipulating the microbiota-gut-brain axis through prebiotic supplementation can have beneficial impact of the host appetite and body weight. However, the consequences of manipulating the implication of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the control motivational and hedonic/reinforcing aspects of food are still underexplored. In this study, we investigate whether and how dietary prebiotic fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) could oppose, or revert, the change in hedonic and homeostatic control of feeding occurring after a 2-months exposure to high-fat high-sugar (HFHS) diet. The reinforcing and motivational components of food reward were assessed using a two-food choice paradigm and a food operant behavioral test in mice exposed to FOS either during or after HFHS exposure. We also performed mRNA expression analysis for key genes involved in limbic and hypothalamic control of feeding. We show in a preventive-like approach, FOS addition of HFHS diet had beneficial impact of hypothalamic neuropeptides, and decreased the operant performance for food but only after an overnight fast while it did not prevent the imbalance in mesolimbic markers for DA signaling induced by palatable diet exposure nor the spontaneous tropism for palatable food when given the choice. However, when FOS was added to control diet after chronic HFHS exposure, although it did not significantly alter body weight loss, it greatly decreased palatable food tropism and consumption and was associated with normalization of MCL markers for DA signaling. We conclude that the nature of the diet (regular chow or HFHS) as well as the timing at which prebiotic supplementation is introduced (preventive or curative) greatly influence the efficacy of the gut-microbiota-brain axis. This crosstalk selectively alters the hedonic or motivational drive to eat and triggers molecular changes in neural substrates involved in the homeostatic and non-homeostatic control of body weight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Delbès
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - Julien Castel
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël G. P. Denis
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - Chloé Morel
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - Mar Quiñones
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - Amandine Everard
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrice D. Cani
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Florence Massiera
- Laboratoire de Recherche Nutritionnelle KOT CEPRODI SA, Paris, France
| | - Serge H. Luquet
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS UMR 8251, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Serge H. Luquet,
| |
Collapse
|