301
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Zhao M, Liu Q, Zhang Y, Yang N, Wu G, Li Q, Wang W. Alleviation of osmotic stress by H 2S is related to regulated PLDα1 and suppressed ROS in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2020; 133:393-407. [PMID: 32200466 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-020-01182-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important gaseous molecule responding to osmotic stress in plant. Phospholipase Dα1 (PLDα1) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in many biotic or abiotic stress responses. Using the seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype (WT), PLDα1 deficient mutant (pldα1) and the L-cysteine desulfhydrase (L-DEs) deficient mutant (lcd) as materials, the effect of H2S responding to osmotic stress and the functions of PLDα1 and ROS in this response were investigated. The results showed that H2S, PLDα1 and ROS were involved in osmotic stress resistance. Exogenous sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) promoted the endogenous H2S content and up-regulated the expression of LCD in WT, lcd and plda1. Exogenous phosphatidic acid (PA) enhanced the H2S content and up-regulated the expressions of LCD in WT and plda1 but had no significant effect on the H2S content and LCD expression in lcd under osmotic stress. This suggested that H2S was located downstream of PLDα1 to participate in the osmotic stress signal response. Exogenous NaHS treatment regulated the antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, and CAT). The activities and the gene relative expressions of antioxidant enzymes in pldα1 and lcd were higher than those in WT under osmotic stress. This indicated that H2S and PLD regulated the antioxidant enzyme system under osmotic stress. The ROS level, electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA) were decreased by NaHS under osmotic stress, demonstrating H2S maintained the membrane integrity. All of these results revealed that H2S alleviated the osmotic stress by elevating PLD and suppressing ROS in A. thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Qin Liu
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Ning Yang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Guofan Wu
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Qiaoxia Li
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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302
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Corrales‐Gutierrez M, Medina‐Puche L, Yu Y, Wang L, Ding X, Luna AP, Bejarano ER, Castillo AG, Lozano‐Duran R. The C4 protein from the geminivirus Tomato yellow leaf curl virus confers drought tolerance in Arabidopsis through an ABA-independent mechanism. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 18:1121-1123. [PMID: 31637850 PMCID: PMC7152601 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Corrales‐Gutierrez
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora” (IHSM‐UMA‐CSIC)Area de GenéticaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de MálagaMálagaSpain
| | - Laura Medina‐Puche
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Yanling Yu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Liping Wang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xue Ding
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ana P. Luna
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora” (IHSM‐UMA‐CSIC)Area de GenéticaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de MálagaMálagaSpain
| | - Eduardo R. Bejarano
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora” (IHSM‐UMA‐CSIC)Area de GenéticaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de MálagaMálagaSpain
| | - Araceli G. Castillo
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora” (IHSM‐UMA‐CSIC)Area de GenéticaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de MálagaMálagaSpain
| | - Rosa Lozano‐Duran
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
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303
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Püschel D, Bitterlich M, Rydlová J, Jansa J. Facilitation of plant water uptake by an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus: a Gordian knot of roots and hyphae. MYCORRHIZA 2020; 30:299-313. [PMID: 32253570 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-020-00949-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play a positive role in plant water relations, and the AM symbiosis is often cited as beneficial for overcoming drought stress of host plants. Nevertheless, water uptake via mycorrhizal hyphal networks has been little addressed experimentally, especially so through isotope tracing. In a greenhouse study conducted in two-compartment rhizoboxes, Medicago truncatula was planted in the primary compartment (PC), either inoculated with Rhizophagus irregularis or left uninoculated. Plant roots were either allowed to enter the secondary compartment (SC) or were restricted to the PC by root-excluding mesh. Substrate moisture was manipulated in the PC such that the plants were grown either in high moisture (15% of gravimetric water content, GWC) or low moisture (8% GWC). Meanwhile, the SC was maintained at 15% GWC throughout and served as a water source accessible (or not) by roots and/or hyphae. Water in the SC was labeled with deuterium (D) to quantify water uptake by the plants from the SC. Significantly, increased D incorporation into plants indicated higher water uptake by mycorrhizal plants when roots had access to the D source, but this was mainly explained by generally larger mycorrhizal root systems in proximity to the D source. On the other hand, AM fungal hyphae with access to the D source increased D incorporation into plants more than twofold compared to non-mycorrhizal plants. Despite this strong effect, water transport via AM fungal hyphae was low compared to the transpiration demand of the plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Püschel
- Department of Mycorrhizal Symbioses, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic.
- Laboratory of Fungal Biology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Michael Bitterlich
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops e.V. (IGZ), Grossbeeren, Germany
| | - Jana Rydlová
- Department of Mycorrhizal Symbioses, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Jansa
- Laboratory of Fungal Biology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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304
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Two Festuca Species- F. arundinacea and F. glaucescens-Differ in the Molecular Response to Drought, While Their Physiological Response Is Similar. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093174. [PMID: 32365894 PMCID: PMC7246586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Impact of photosynthetic and antioxidant capacities on drought tolerance of two closely related forage grasses, Festuca arundinacea and Festuca glaucescens, was deciphered. Within each species, two genotypes distinct in drought tolerance were subjected to a short-term drought, followed by a subsequent re-watering. The studies were focused on: (i) analysis of plant physiological performance, including: water uptake, abscisic acid (ABA) content, membrane integrity, gas exchange, and relative water content in leaf tissue; (ii) analysis of plant photosynthetic capacity (chlorophyll fluorescence; gene expression, protein accumulation, and activity of selected enzymes of the Calvin cycle); and (iii) analysis of plant antioxidant capacity (reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation; gene expression, protein accumulation and activity of selected enzymes). Though, F. arundinacea and F. glaucescens revealed different strategies in water uptake, and partially also in ABA signaling, their physiological reactions to drought and further re-watering, were similar. On the other hand, performance of the Calvin cycle and antioxidant system differed between the analyzed species under drought and re-watering periods. A stable efficiency of the Calvin cycle in F. arundinacea was crucial to maintain a balanced network of ROS/redox signaling, and consequently drought tolerance. The antioxidant capacity influenced mostly tolerance to stress in F. glaucescens.
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305
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Zhu Y, Luo X, Nawaz G, Yin J, Yang J. Physiological and Biochemical Responses of four cassava cultivars to drought stress. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6968. [PMID: 32332812 PMCID: PMC7181862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63809-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant mechanism is crucial for resisting oxidative damage induced by drought stress in plants. Different antioxidant mechanisms may contribute to the tolerance of cassava to drought stress, but for a specific genotype, the response is still unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate antioxidant response and physiological changes of four cassava genotypes under water stress conditions, by keeping the soil moisture content as 80% (control), 50% (medium), 20% (severe) of field capacity for a week. Genotypes RS01 and SC124 were keeping higher relative water content (RWC) and relative chlorophyll content (SPAD value) and less affected by oxidative stress than SC205 and GR4 under drought stress. RS01 just showed slight membrane damage and oxidative stress even under severe drought conditions. A principal component analysis showed that cassava plant water status was closely related to the antioxidant mechanism. Antioxidant response in genotypes RS01 and SC124 under drought stress might attribute to the increased accumulation of ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) content and higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, which explained by the up-regulation of Mn-SOD and CAT genes. However, Genotypes SC205 and GR4 mainly depended on the accumulation of total phenolics (TP) and increased glutathione reductase (GR) activity, which attribute to the up-regulation of the GR gene. Our findings could provide vital knowledge for refining the tactics of cultivation and molecular breeding with drought avoidance in cassava.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Zhu
- Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Xinglu Luo
- Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Nanning, 530005, China.
| | - Gul Nawaz
- Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Jingjing Yin
- Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Jingni Yang
- Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
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306
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Identification of drought stress-responsive genes in rice (Oryza sativa) by meta-analysis of microarray data. J Genet 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-020-01195-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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307
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Min X, Lin X, Ndayambaza B, Wang Y, Liu W. Coordinated mechanisms of leaves and roots in response to drought stress underlying full-length transcriptome profiling in Vicia sativa L. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:165. [PMID: 32293274 PMCID: PMC7161134 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02358-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) is an important self-pollinating annual forage legume and is of interest for drought prone regions as a protein source to feed livestock and human consumption. However, the development and production of common vetch are negatively affected by drought stress. Plants have evolved common or distinct metabolic pathways between the aboveground and underground in response to drought stress. Little is known regarding the coordinated response of aboveground and underground tissues of common vetch to drought stress. RESULTS Our results showed that a total of 30,427 full-length transcripts were identified in 12 samples, with an average length of 2278.89 bp. Global transcriptional profiles of the above 12 samples were then analysed via Illumina-Seq. A total of 3464 and 3062 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the leaves and roots, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses identified that the dehydrin genes and Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase were induced for the biosynthesis of proline and water conservation. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis results indicated that the DEGs were significantly enriched in hormone signal transduction, starch and sucrose metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism, and various drought response candidate genes were also identified. Abscisic acid (ABA; the AREB/ABF-SnRK2 pathway) regulates the activity of AMY3 and BAM1 to induce starch degradation in leaves and increase carbon export to roots, which may be associated with the drought stress responses in common vetch. Among the co-induced transcription factors (TFs), AREB/ABF, bHLH, MYB, WRKY, and AP2/ERF had divergent expression patterns and may be key in the crosstalk between leaves and roots during adaption to drought stress. In transgenic yeast, the overexpression of four TFs increased yeast tolerance to osmotic stresses. CONCLUSION The multipronged approach identified in the leaves and roots broadens our understanding of the coordinated mechanisms of drought response in common vetch, and further provides targets to improve drought resistance through genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyang Min
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Western China Technology Innovation Centre for Grassland Industry, Gansu Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Western China Technology Innovation Centre for Grassland Industry, Gansu Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Boniface Ndayambaza
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Western China Technology Innovation Centre for Grassland Industry, Gansu Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanrong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Western China Technology Innovation Centre for Grassland Industry, Gansu Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenxian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Western China Technology Innovation Centre for Grassland Industry, Gansu Province, China; Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
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308
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Zhong MS, Jiang H, Cao Y, Wang YX, You CX, Li YY, Hao YJ. MdCER2 conferred to wax accumulation and increased drought tolerance in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 149:277-285. [PMID: 32088579 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Drought can activate many stress responses in plant growth and development, including the synthesis of epidermal wax and the induction of abscisic acid (ABA), and increased wax accumulation will improve plant drought resistance. Therefore, an examination of wax biosynthesis genes could help to better understand the molecular mechanism of environmental factors regulating wax biosynthesis and the wax associated stress response. Here, we identified the MdCER2 gene from the 'Gala' (Malus× domestica Borkh.) variety of domestic apple, which is a homolog of Arabidopsis AtCER2. It possesses a transferase domain and the protein localizes on the cell membrane. The MdCER2 gene was constitutively expressed in apple tissues and was induced by drought treatment. Finally, we transformed the MdCER2 gene into Arabidopsis to identify its function, and found ectopic expression of MdCER2 promoted accumulation of cuticular wax in both leaves and stems, decreased water loss and permeability in leaves, increased lateral root number, changed plant ABA sensitivity, and increased drought resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shuang Zhong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Han Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Yue Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Yong-Xu Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Yu-Jin Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production in Shandong, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
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309
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Yang C, Huang Y, Lv W, Zhang Y, Bhat JA, Kong J, Xing H, Zhao J, Zhao T. GmNAC8 acts as a positive regulator in soybean drought stress. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 293:110442. [PMID: 32081255 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
NAC proteins represent one of the largest transcription factor (TF) families involved in the regulation of plant development and the response to abiotic stress. In the present study, we elucidated the detailed role of GmNAC8 in the regulation of drought stress tolerance in soybean. The GmNAC8 protein was localized in the nucleus, and expression of the GmNAC8 gene was significantly induced in response to drought, abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ETH) and salicylic acid (SA) treatments. Thus, we generated GmNAC8 overexpression (OE1 and OE2) and GmNAC8 knockout (KO1 and KO2) lines to determine the role of GmNAC8 in drought stress tolerance. Our results revealed that, compared with the wild type (WT) plant, GmNAC8 overexpression and GmNAC8 knockout lines exhibited significantly higher and lower drought tolerance, respectively. Furthermore, the SOD activity and proline content were significantly higher in the GmNAC8 overexpression lines and significantly lower in the GmNAC8 knockout lines than in the WT plants under drought stress. In addition, GmNAC8 protein was found to physically interact with the drought-induced protein GmDi19-3 in the nucleus. Moreover, the GmDi19-3 expression pattern showed the same trend as the GmNAC8 gene did under drought and hormone (ABA, ETH and SA) treatments, and GmDi19-3 overexpression lines (GmDi19-3-OE9, GmDi19-3-OE10 and GmDi19-3-OE31) showed enhanced drought tolerance compared to that of the WT plants. Hence, the above results indicated that GmNAC8 acts as a positive regulator of drought tolerance in soybean and inferred that GmNAC8 probably functions by interacting with another positive regulatory protein, GmDi19-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfeng Yang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General), National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yanzhong Huang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General), National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wenhuan Lv
- MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General), National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General), National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Javaid Akhter Bhat
- MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General), National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiejie Kong
- MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General), National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Han Xing
- MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General), National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jinming Zhao
- MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General), National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Tuanjie Zhao
- MOA Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General), National Center for Soybean Improvement, State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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310
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Xia H, Yu S, Kong D, Xiong J, Ma X, Chen L, Luo L. Temporal responses of conserved miRNAs to drought and their associations with drought tolerance and productivity in rice. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:232. [PMID: 32171232 PMCID: PMC7071783 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6646-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant miRNAs play crucial roles in responses to drought and developmental processes. It is essential to understand the association of miRNAs with drought-tolerance (DT), as well as their impacts on growth, development, and reproduction (GDP). This will facilitate our utilization of rice miRNAs in breeding. RESULTS In this study, we investigated the time course of miRNA responses to a long-term drought among six rice genotypes by high-throughput sequencing. In total, 354 conserved miRNAs were drought responsive, representing obvious genotype- and stage-dependent patterns. The drought-responsive miRNAs (DRMs) formed complex regulatory network via their coexpression and direct/indirect impacts on the rice transcriptome. Based on correlation analyses, 211 DRMs were predicted to be associated with DT and/or GDP. Noticeably, 14.2% DRMs were inversely correlated with DT and GDP. In addition, 9 pairs of mature miRNAs, each derived from the same pre-miRNAs, were predicted to have opposite roles in regulating DT and GDP. This suggests a potential yield penalty if an inappropriate miRNA/pre-miRNA is utilized. miRNAs have profound impacts on the rice transcriptome reflected by great number of correlated drought-responsive genes. By regulating these genes, a miRNA could activate diverse biological processes and metabolic pathways to adapt to drought and have an influence on its GDP. CONCLUSION Based on the temporal pattern of miRNAs in response to drought, we have described the complex network between DRMs. Potential associations of DRMs with DT and/or GDP were disclosed. This knowledge provides valuable information for a better understanding in the roles of miRNAs play in rice DT and/or GDP, which can facilitate our utilization of miRNA in breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xia
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shunwu Yu
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Deyan Kong
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Xiong
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaosong Ma
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Luo
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, China.
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311
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Hosseini Tafreshi SA, Aghaie P, Toghyani MA, Ramazani-Moghaddam-Arani A. Improvement of ionizing gamma irradiation tolerance of Chlorella vulgaris by pretreatment with polyethylene glycol. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 96:919-928. [PMID: 32159411 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1741717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 pretreatment on growth and physiological responses of eukaryotic microalga Chlorella vulgaris exposed to ionizing irradiation.Materials and methods: The microalgal cells pretreated with different PEG concentrations (0, 5, 10 and 20%) and then exposed to 300 Gray gamma irradiation at a dose rate of 0.5 Gy s-1. The various growth and physiological parameters including algal growth, cell size, the degree of electrolyte leakage (EL) and lipid peroxidation, the content of pigments and proline and the activity of antioxidant enzymes under gamma-free or 300 Gray gamma irradiation conditions were examined.Results: The results showed that PEG stimulated a higher growth and cell size under both stress-free and gamma-stress conditions. The maximum growth and cell size was reported when the algae was pretreated with 10% PEG. A relative increase of catalase activity was observed in all samples after exposing to gamma irradiation. However, the highest value was recorded for the gamma-radiated algae pretreated with 10% PEG. In the absence of PEG, gamma irradiation induced a significant reduction in ascorbate peroxidase activity, but with PEG pretreatment, the enzyme activity remained constant or even increased after gamma irradiation. On the other hand, although gamma irradiation stress generally suppressed the activity of superoxide dismutase in all cells, pretreating the algae with PEG could diminish this suppressing effect at all applied concentrations. Compared to the PEG-free controls, a lower rate of chlorophylls and membrane integrity loss was shown in the PEG-treated algae when exposed to gamma stress. Total carotenoid content in PEG-treated algae was also similar under both gamma-free and gamma-radiated conditions. A PEG-independent increase in proline accumulation was reported under gamma-irradiation treatment.Conclusions: Overall, the results suggested that PEG pretreatment could improve gamma-irradiation tolerance in C. vulgaris probably by stimulating a range of enzymatic and non-enzymatic reactive oxygen species scavenging systems. The microalgae may also consume PEG to break down and use it as an alternative source of carbon during stress which should be further studied in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ali Hosseini Tafreshi
- Biotechnology Division, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Peyman Aghaie
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
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312
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Trends in Seaweed Extract Based Biostimulants: Manufacturing Process and Beneficial Effect on Soil-Plant Systems. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9030359. [PMID: 32178418 PMCID: PMC7154814 DOI: 10.3390/plants9030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The time when plant biostimulants were considered as "snake oil" is erstwhile and the skepticism regarding their agricultural benefits has significantly faded, as solid scientific evidences of their positive effects are continuously provided. Currently plant biostimulants are considered as a full-fledged class of agri-inputs and highly attractive business opportunity for major actors of the agroindustry. As the dominant category of the biostimulant segment, seaweed extracts were key in this growing renown. They are widely known as substances with the function of mitigating abiotic stress and enhancing plant productivity. Seaweed extracts are derived from the extraction of several macroalgae species, which depending on the extraction methodology lead to the production of complex mixtures of biologically active compounds. Consequently, plant responses are often inconsistent, and precisely deciphering the involved mechanism of action remains highly intricate. Recently, scientists all over the world have been interested to exploring hidden mechanism of action of these resources through the employment of multidisciplinary and high-throughput approaches, combining plant physiology, molecular biology, agronomy, and multi-omics techniques. The aim of this review is to provide fresh insights into the concept of seaweed extract (SE), through addressing the subject in newfangled standpoints based on current scientific knowledge, and taking into consideration both academic and industrial claims in concomitance with market's requirements. The crucial extraction process as well as the effect of such products on nutrient uptake and their role in abiotic and biotic stress tolerance are scrutinized with emphasizing the involved mechanisms at the metabolic and genetic level. Additionally, some often overlooked and indirect effects of seaweed extracts, such as their influence on plant microbiome are discussed. Finally, the plausible impact of the recently approved plant biostimulant regulation on seaweed extract industry is addressed.
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313
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Loka DA, Oosterhuis DM, Baxevanos D, Noulas C, Hu W. Single and combined effects of heat and water stress and recovery on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) leaf physiology and sucrose metabolism. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 148:166-179. [PMID: 31962205 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
High temperatures and water-deficit stress limit cotton production around the world. Their individual effects on plant physiology and metabolism have been extensively studied, however, their combination has received considerably less attention. To that end, growth chamber experiments were conducted using cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar ST5288B2F and the objectives were to discern physiological and metabolic alterations after heat and water stress application (single or combined) and recovery, during cotton's vegetative stage. Under water stress conditions, leaf physiological parameters were suppressed and changes in carbohydrate levels, due to alterations in sucrose-metabolizing enzymes activities, were observed. Heat stress alone increased carbohydrate content, and activities of sucrose-degrading enzymes, while leaf physiology remained unaffected. The combined stress did exacerbate decreases in leaf water potential and soluble acid invertase activity, but the rest of the responses were similar to those of water stress. After stress alleviation, leaf physiological parameters of water-stressed plants did not manage to recover and substantial decreases were observed in leaf starch levels and activities of sucrose-cleaving enzymes, while the majority of parameters of heat-shocked plants returned to control levels. Recovery of the plants subjected to the combined stress was comparable to that of water-stressed plants, but significant differences were observed in carbohydrate levels and sucrose synthase activity. Our study demonstrated that under combined stress and post-stress conditions, water stress was the dominant factor affecting cotton leaf physiology and sucrose metabolism, highlighting however, the unique responses of some traits that could not be deduced from the additive effects of the single stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra A Loka
- Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA; Institute of Industrial and Forage Crops, Hellenic Agricultural Organization, Larissa, 41335, Greece
| | - Derrick M Oosterhuis
- Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA
| | - Dimitrios Baxevanos
- Institute of Industrial and Forage Crops, Hellenic Agricultural Organization, Larissa, 41335, Greece
| | - Christos Noulas
- Institute of Industrial and Forage Crops, Hellenic Agricultural Organization, Larissa, 41335, Greece
| | - Wei Hu
- College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, PR China; Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA.
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314
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Hereme R, Morales-Navarro S, Ballesteros G, Barrera A, Ramos P, Gundel PE, Molina-Montenegro MA. Fungal Endophytes Exert Positive Effects on Colobanthus quitensis Under Water Stress but Neutral Under a Projected Climate Change Scenario in Antarctica. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:264. [PMID: 32184767 PMCID: PMC7058981 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional symbiosis is considered one of the successful mechanisms by which plants that inhabit extreme environment improve their ability to tolerate different types of stress. One of the most conspicuous type of symbiosis is the endophyticism. This interaction has been noted to play a role in the adaptation of the native vascular plant Colobanthus quitensis to the stressful environments of Antarctica, characterized by low temperatures and extreme aridity. Projections of climate change for this ecosystem indicate that abiotic conditions will be less limiting due to an increase in temperature and water availability in the soil. Due to this decrease in stress induced by the climate change, it has been suggested that the positive role of fungal endophytes on performance of C. quitensis plants would decrease. In this study, we evaluated the role of endophytic fungi on osmoprotective molecules (sugar production, proline, oxidative stress) and gene expression (CqNCED1, CqABCG25, and CqRD22) as well as physiological traits (stomatal opening, net photosynthesis, and stomatal conductance) in individuals of C. quitensis. Individual plants of C. quitensis with (E+) and without (E-) endophytic fungi were exposed to simulated conditions of increased water availability (W+), having the current limiting water condition (W-) in Antarctica as control. The results reveal an endophyte-mediated lower oxidative stress, higher production of sugars and proline in plants. In addition, E+ plants showed differential expressions in genes related with drought stress response, which was more evident in W- than in W+. These parameters corresponded with increased physiological mechanisms such as higher net photosynthesis, stomatal opening and conductance under presence of endophytes (E+) as well as the projected water condition (W+) for Antarctica. These results suggest that the presence of fungal endophytes plays a positive role in favoring tolerance to drought in C. quitensis. However, this positive role would be diminished if the stress factor is relaxed, suggesting that the role of endophytes could be less important under a future scenario of climate change in Antarctica with higher soil water availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasme Hereme
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | | | | | - Andrea Barrera
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Patricio Ramos
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Núcleo Científico Multidisciplinario-DI, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Pedro E. Gundel
- IFEVA, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marco A. Molina-Montenegro
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
- Centro de Investigación en Estudios Avanzados del Maule, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
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315
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Tan X, Li S, Hu L, Zhang C. Genome-wide analysis of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in two contrasting rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) genotypes subjected to drought stress and re-watering. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:81. [PMID: 32075594 PMCID: PMC7032001 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-2286-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought stress is a major abiotic factor that affects rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) productivity. Though previous studies indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a key role in response to drought stress, a scheme for genome-wide identification and characterization of lncRNAs' response to drought stress is still lacking, especially in the case of B. napus. In order to further understand the molecular mechanism of the response of B. napus to drought stress, we compared changes in the transcriptome between Q2 (a drought-tolerant genotype) and Qinyou8 (a drought-sensitive genotype) responding drought stress and rehydration treatment at the seedling stage. RESULTS A total of 5546 down-regulated and 6997 up-regulated mRNAs were detected in Q2 compared with 7824 and 10,251 in Qinyou8, respectively; 369 down-regulated and 108 up- regulated lncRNAs were detected in Q2 compared with 449 and 257 in Qinyou8, respectively. LncRNA-mRNA interaction network analysis indicated that the co-expression network of Q2 was composed of 145 network nodes and 5175 connections, while the co-expression network of Qinyou8 was composed of 305 network nodes and 22,327 connections. We further identified 34 transcription factors (TFs) corresponding to 126 differentially expressed lncRNAs in Q2, and 45 TFs corresponding to 359 differentially expressed lncRNAs in Qinyou8. Differential expression analysis of lncRNAs indicated that up- and down-regulated mRNAs co-expressed with lncRNAs participated in different metabolic pathways and were involved in different regulatory mechanisms in the two genotypes. Notably, some lncRNAs were co-expressed with BnaC07g44670D, which are associated with plant hormone signal transduction. Additionally, some mRNAs co-located with XLOC_052298, XLOC_094954 and XLOC_012868 were mainly categorized as signal transport and defense/stress response. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study increased our understanding of expression characterization of rapeseed lncRNAs in response to drought stress and re-watering, which would be useful to provide a reference for the further study of the function and action mechanisms of lncRNAs under drought stress and re-watering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Tan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Su Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Liyong Hu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China.
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316
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Jameel A, Noman M, Liu W, Ahmad N, Wang F, Li X, Li H. Tinkering Cis Motifs Jigsaw Puzzle Led to Root-Specific Drought-Inducible Novel Synthetic Promoters. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1357. [PMID: 32085397 PMCID: PMC7072871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Following an in-depth transcriptomics-based approach, we first screened out and analyzed (in silico) cis motifs in a group of 63 drought-inducible genes (in soybean). Six novel synthetic promoters (SynP14-SynP19) were designed by concatenating 11 cis motifs, ABF, ABRE, ABRE-Like, CBF, E2F-VARIANT, G-box, GCC-Box, MYB1, MYB4, RAV1-A, and RAV1-B (in multiple copies and various combination) with a minimal 35s core promoter and a 222 bp synthetic intron sequence. In order to validate their drought-inducibility and root-specificity, the designed synthetic assemblies were transformed in soybean hairy roots to drive GUS gene using pCAMBIA3301. Through GUS histochemical assay (after a 72 h 6% PEG6000 treatment), we noticed higher glucuronidase activity in transgenic hairy roots harboring SynP15, SynP16, and SynP18. Further screening through GUS fluorometric assay flaunted SynP16 as the most appropriate combination of efficient drought-responsive cis motifs. Afterwards, we stably transformed SynP15, SynP16, and SynP18 in Arabidopsis and carried out GUS staining as well as fluorometric assays of the transgenic plants treated with simulated drought stress. Consistently, SynP16 retained higher transcriptional activity in Arabidopsis roots in response to drought. Thus the root-specific drought-inducible synthetic promoters designed using stimulus-specific cis motifs in a definite fashion could be exploited in developing drought tolerance in soybean and other crops as well. Moreover, the rationale of design extends our knowledge of trial-and-error based cis engineering to construct synthetic promoters for transcriptional upgradation against other stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaowei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, China; (A.J.); (M.N.); (W.L.); (N.A.)
| | - Haiyan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, China; (A.J.); (M.N.); (W.L.); (N.A.)
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317
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Isolation and Identification of Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet Gene IcSRO1 Encoding a SIMILAR TO RCD-ONE Protein, Which Improves Salt and Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031017. [PMID: 32033046 PMCID: PMC7036886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ipomoea cairica is a tropical plant and a wild relative of the food plant sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), listed as one of the most invasive alien species in China. Recently, it has been reported that I. cairica had successfully invaded mangrove wetlands, indicating its high salt tolerance. Based on previous genetic studies, I. cairica offers a good model for characterizing stress-resistant genes. It has recently been identified that the SRO proteins (SIMILAR TO RCD-ONE) play important roles in a variety of stress and developmental responses. Radical-Induced Cell Death1 (RCD1) was the first identified plant SRO protein from Arabidopsis thaliana. As a typical SRO protein, IcSRO1 had a highly conservative WWE domain, a conserved PARP fold and protein C in the RST function area. The expression of IcSRO1 was induced by salt, drought, and the plant hormone ABA. The transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing IcSRO1 showed higher tolerance against salt and drought stress along with lower accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide (O2-) than the wild type. The IcSRO1 protein was localized in the nucleus after cultivation in the buffer. Our results indicated it could interact with Arabidopsis SALT OVERLY SENSITIVE 1 (AtSOS1), suggesting IcSRO1 may have similar functions. The pleiotropic effect of IcSRO1 on physiological processes contributes to the improvement of plant tolerance against diverse abiotic stresses, and may be associated with the adaptation of I. cairica to those environments with extreme saline and drought conditions. It therefore provides valuable gene resources for crop breeding enhancement.
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318
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Yang L, Lai L, Zhou J, Li Q, Yi S, Sun Q, Zheng Y. Changes in levels of enzymes and osmotic adjustment compounds in key species and their relevance to vegetation succession in abandoned croplands of a semiarid sandy region. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:2269-2280. [PMID: 32128154 PMCID: PMC7042792 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reclamation of cropland from grassland is regarded as a main reason for grassland degradation; understanding succession from abandoned cropland to grassland is thus crucial for vegetation restoration in arid and semiarid areas. Soil becomes dry when cropland is reverted to grassland, and enzyme and osmotic adjustment compounds may help plants to adapt to a drying environment. Croplands that were abandoned in various years on the Ordos Plateau in China, were selected for the analysis of the dynamics of enzymes and osmotic adjustment compounds in plant species during vegetation succession. With increasing number of years since abandonment, levels of superoxide dismutase increased in Stipa bungeana, first decreased and then increased in Lespedeza davurica and Artemisia frigida, and fluctuated in Heteropappus altaicus. Levels of peroxidase and catalase in the four species fluctuated; levels of proline, soluble sugar, and soluble protein either decreased or first increased and then generally decreased. According to a drought resistance index, the drought resistance of the four species was ranked in descending order as follows: S. bungeana > A. frigida > H. altaicus > L. davurica. The drought resistance ability of the different species was closely linked with vegetation succession from communities dominated by annual and biennial species (with main accompanying species of L. davurica and H. altaicus) to communities dominated by perennial species (S. bungeana and A. frigida) when soil became dry owing to increasing evapotranspiration after cropland abandonment. The restoration of S. bungeana steppe after cropland abandonment on the Ordos Plateau is recommended both as high-quality forage and for environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource PlantsWest China Subalpine Botanical GardenInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Liming Lai
- Key Laboratory of Resource PlantsWest China Subalpine Botanical GardenInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jihua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Resource PlantsWest China Subalpine Botanical GardenInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Qiaoyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource PlantsWest China Subalpine Botanical GardenInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Sangui Yi
- Key Laboratory of Resource PlantsWest China Subalpine Botanical GardenInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Qinglin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resource PlantsWest China Subalpine Botanical GardenInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yuanrun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource PlantsWest China Subalpine Botanical GardenInstitute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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319
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Nakanwagi MJ, Sseremba G, Kabod NP, Masanza M, Kizito EB. Identification of growth stage-specific watering thresholds for drought screening in Solanum aethiopicum Shum. Sci Rep 2020; 10:862. [PMID: 31965044 PMCID: PMC6972774 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58035-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective phenotyping for drought resistance is a pre-requisite for identification of modest crop varieties for farmers. For neglected and underutilized crops such as Solanum aethiopicum Shum group, no drought screening protocol based on rigorous iterations has been documented. A split-plot nested treatment structure was arranged in an experiment to identify growth stage-specific watering thresholds for this crop. Three plant growth stages (main plot; seedling, vegetative and flowering), watering regime at plant growth stage (2 regimes; well-watered and drought stressed) and day since last watering at plant growth stage were evaluated for soil moisture content (SMC), leaf wilting score (LWS), number of green leaves per plant (LPP) and leaf blade width (LBW). Highly significant differences (p < 0.001) were found at the different plant growth stages, watering regime (WR) within plant growth stage, and day within WR and plant growth stage. Under drought stress treatment, SMC declined exponentially at each stage. The earliest leaf wilting, reduction in LPP and LBW were generally observed at flowering followed by vegetative and slowest at the seedling stage. For future effective drought phenotyping studies in S. aethiopicum Shum and related crops, we recommend setting minimum drought stress treatments below 18% SMC at which the LWS is ≥2 at the vegetative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mildred Julian Nakanwagi
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Uganda Christian University, P.O. Box 4, Mukono, Uganda
| | - Godfrey Sseremba
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Uganda Christian University, P.O. Box 4, Mukono, Uganda. .,National Coffee Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 185, Mukono, Uganda.
| | - Nahamya Pamela Kabod
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Uganda Christian University, P.O. Box 4, Mukono, Uganda
| | - Michael Masanza
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Uganda Christian University, P.O. Box 4, Mukono, Uganda
| | - Elizabeth Balyejusa Kizito
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Uganda Christian University, P.O. Box 4, Mukono, Uganda.
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320
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Califar B, Sng NJ, Zupanska A, Paul AL, Ferl RJ. Root Skewing-Associated Genes Impact the Spaceflight Response of Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:239. [PMID: 32194611 PMCID: PMC7064724 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The observation that plant roots skew in microgravity recently refuted the long-held conviction that skewing was a gravity-dependent phenomenon. Further, spaceflight root skewing suggests that specific root morphologies and cell wall remodeling systems may be important aspects of spaceflight physiological adaptation. However, connections between skewing, cell wall modification and spaceflight physiology are currently based on inferences rather than direct tests. Therefore, the Advanced Plant Experiments-03-2 (APEX-03-2) spaceflight study was designed to elucidate the contribution of two skewing- and cell wall-associated genes in Arabidopsis to root behavior and gene expression patterns in spaceflight, to assess whether interruptions of different skewing pathways affect the overall spaceflight-associated process. SPIRAL1 is a skewing-related protein implicated in directional cell expansion, and functions by regulating cortical microtubule dynamics. SKU5 is skewing-related glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein of the plasma membrane and cell wall implicated in stress response signaling. These two genes function in different cellular pathways that affect skewing on the Earth, and enable a test of the relevance of skewing pathways to spaceflight physiological adaptation. In this study, both sku5 and spr1 mutants showed different skewing behavior and markedly different patterns of gene expression in the spaceflight environment. The spr1 mutant showed fewer differentially expressed genes than its Col-0 wild-type, whereas sku5 showed considerably more than its WS wild-type. Developmental age played a substantial role in spaceflight acclimation in all genotypes, but particularly in sku5 plants, where spaceflight 4d seedlings had almost 10-times as many highly differentially expressed genes as the 8d seedlings. These differences demonstrated that the two skewing pathways represented by SKU5 and SPR1 have unique and opposite contributions to physiological adaptation to spaceflight. The spr1 response is less intense than wild type, suggesting that the loss of SPR1 positively impacts spaceflight adaptation. Conversely, the intensity of the sku5 responses suggests that the loss of SKU5 initiates a much more complex, deeper and more stress related response to spaceflight. This suggests that proper SKU5 function is important to spaceflight adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Califar
- Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- The Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Program in Genetics and Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Natasha J. Sng
- Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Agata Zupanska
- Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Anna-Lisa Paul
- Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- The Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Program in Genetics and Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Program in Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology and Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Anna-Lisa Paul,
| | - Robert J. Ferl
- Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- The Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Program in Genetics and Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Program in Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Robert J. Ferl,
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321
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Aguilar E, del Toro FJ, Figueira-Galán D, Hou W, Canto T, Tenllado F. Virus infection induces resistance to Pseudomonas syringae and to drought in both compatible and incompatible bacteria–host interactions, which are compromised under conditions of elevated temperature and CO2 levels. J Gen Virol 2020; 101:122-135. [DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Aguilar
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Francisco J. del Toro
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - David Figueira-Galán
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Weina Hou
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Tomás Canto
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Francisco Tenllado
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid 28040, Spain
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322
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Kane NA, Berthouly-Salazar C. Population Genomics of Pearl Millet. POPULATION GENOMICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/13836_2020_80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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323
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Avalbaev A, Bezrukova M, Allagulova C, Lubyanova A, Kudoyarova G, Fedorova K, Maslennikova D, Yuldashev R, Shakirova F. Wheat germ agglutinin is involved in the protective action of 24-epibrassinolide on the roots of wheat seedlings under drought conditions. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 146:420-427. [PMID: 31805496 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) in the protective action of 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) against drought stress was studied in the seedling roots of two wheat cultivars differing in drought tolerance. Under dehydration conditions, the contents of ABA and WGA were shown to change significantly in the roots of either drought-tolerant cultivar Omskaya 35 or drought-sensitive cultivar Salavat Yulaev. Meanwhile, accumulation of either ABA or WGA started earlier and was two times greater in plants of drought-tolerant cultivar. Since WGA is an excreted protein, it is not surprising that the level of lectin in the roots gradually decreased by the 7th day of treatment due to its exudation into root environment. Pre-sowing treatment with EBR contributed to additional accumulation of lectin as compared to the control variants of either cultivar, while the hormone treatment did not change ABA content. Meanwhile, under conditions of drought, EBR-pretreated seedlings were characterized by lower level of accumulation of ABA and WGA in the roots. EBR application was found to prevent drought-induced inhibition of cell division in the root apical meristem, while WGA excreted into the root environment may contribute significantly to the effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azamat Avalbaev
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054, Ufa, Russia
| | - Marina Bezrukova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054, Ufa, Russia
| | - Chulpan Allagulova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054, Ufa, Russia
| | - Alsu Lubyanova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054, Ufa, Russia
| | - Guzel Kudoyarova
- Ufa Institute of Biology - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054, Ufa, Russia
| | - Kristina Fedorova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054, Ufa, Russia
| | - Dilara Maslennikova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054, Ufa, Russia
| | - Ruslan Yuldashev
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054, Ufa, Russia
| | - Farida Shakirova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054, Ufa, Russia.
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324
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Mahmood T, Khalid S, Abdullah M, Ahmed Z, Shah MKN, Ghafoor A, Du X. Insights into Drought Stress Signaling in Plants and the Molecular Genetic Basis of Cotton Drought Tolerance. Cells 2019; 9:E105. [PMID: 31906215 PMCID: PMC7016789 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought stress restricts plant growth and development by altering metabolic activity and biological functions. However, plants have evolved several cellular and molecular mechanisms to overcome drought stress. Drought tolerance is a multiplex trait involving the activation of signaling mechanisms and differentially expressed molecular responses. Broadly, drought tolerance comprises two steps: stress sensing/signaling and activation of various parallel stress responses (including physiological, molecular, and biochemical mechanisms) in plants. At the cellular level, drought induces oxidative stress by overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), ultimately causing the cell membrane to rupture and stimulating various stress signaling pathways (ROS, mitogen-activated-protein-kinase, Ca2+, and hormone-mediated signaling). Drought-induced transcription factors activation and abscisic acid concentration co-ordinate the stress signaling and responses in cotton. The key responses against drought stress, are root development, stomatal closure, photosynthesis, hormone production, and ROS scavenging. The genetic basis, quantitative trait loci and genes of cotton drought tolerance are presented as examples of genetic resources in plants. Sustainable genetic improvements could be achieved through functional genomic approaches and genome modification techniques such as the CRISPR/Cas9 system aid the characterization of genes, sorted out from stress-related candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms, quantitative trait loci, and genes. Exploration of the genetic basis for superior candidate genes linked to stress physiology can be facilitated by integrated functional genomic approaches. We propose a third-generation sequencing approach coupled with genome-wide studies and functional genomic tools, including a comparative sequenced data (transcriptomics, proteomics, and epigenomic) analysis, which offer a platform to identify and characterize novel genes. This will provide information for better understanding the complex stress cellular biology of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Mahmood
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research (ICR), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Anyang 455000, China;
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Pir Mehar Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan; (S.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Shiguftah Khalid
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Pir Mehar Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan; (S.K.); (M.A.)
- National Agriculture Research Center (NARC), Pakistan Agriculture Research Council, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abdullah
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Pir Mehar Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan; (S.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Zubair Ahmed
- National Agriculture Research Center (NARC), Pakistan Agriculture Research Council, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kausar Nawaz Shah
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Pir Mehar Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan; (S.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Abdul Ghafoor
- Member of Plant Sciences Division, Pakistan Agricultural Council (PARC), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Xiongming Du
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research (ICR), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Anyang 455000, China;
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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325
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Barik SR, Pandit E, Pradhan SK, Mohanty SP, Mohapatra T. Genetic mapping of morpho-physiological traits involved during reproductive stage drought tolerance in rice. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214979. [PMID: 31846460 PMCID: PMC6917300 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive stage drought stress is an important yield reducing factor in rainfed rice. Genetic mapping of morpho-physiological traits under the stress will help to develop cultivars suitable for drought prone environments through marker-assisted breeding (MAB). Though various yield QTLs under reproductive stage drought tolerance are available for MAB, but no robust markers controlling different morho-physiological traits are available for this stress tolerance. QTLs linked to morpho-physiological traits under drought stress were mapped by evaluating 190 F7 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) using bulk segregant analysis (BSA) strategy. Wide variations were observed in the RILs for eleven morpho-physiological traits involved during the stress. A total of 401 SSR primers were surveyed for parental polymorphism of which 77 were detected to be polymorphic. Inclusive composite interval mapping detected a total of five consistent QTLs controlling leaf rolling (qLR9.1), leaf drying (qLD9.1), harvest index (qHI9.1), spikelet fertility (qSF9.1) and relative water content (qRWC9.1) under reproductive stage drought stress. Another two non-allelic QTLs controlling leaf rolling (qLR8.1) and leaf drying (qLD12.1) were also detected to be linked and found to control the two traits. QTL controlling leaf rolling, qLR8.1 was validated in this mapping population and may be useful in MAB programs. Out of these five consistent QTLs, four (qLR9.1, qLD9.1, qHI9.1 and qRWC9.1) were detected to be novel QTLs and useful for MAB for improvement of reproductive stage drought tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elssa Pandit
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
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326
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Plant invasion into high elevations implies adaptation to high UV-B environments: a multi-species experiment. Biol Invasions 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-02173-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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327
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Natural Root Cellular Variation in Responses to Osmotic Stress in Arabidopsis thaliana Accessions. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10120983. [PMID: 31795411 PMCID: PMC6969899 DOI: 10.3390/genes10120983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Arabidopsis naturally occurring populations have allowed for the identification of considerable genetic variation remodeled by adaptation to different environments and stress conditions. Water is a key resource that limits plant growth, and its availability is initially sensed by root tissues. The root’s ability to adjust its physiology and morphology under water deficit makes this organ a useful model to understand how plants respond to water stress. Here, we used hyperosmotic shock stress treatments in different Arabidopsis accessions to analyze the root cell morphological responses. We found that osmotic stress conditions reduced root growth and root apical meristem (RAM) size, promoting premature cell differentiation without affecting the stem cell niche morphology. This phenotype was accompanied by a cluster of small epidermal and cortex cells with radial expansion and root hairs at the transition to the elongation zone. We also found this radial expansion with root hairs when plants are grown under hypoosmotic conditions. Finally, root growth was less affected by osmotic stress in the Sg-2 accession followed by Ws, Cvi-0, and Col-0; however, after a strong osmotic stress, Sg-2 and Cvi-0 were the most resilience accessions. The sensitivity differences among these accessions were not explained by stress-related gene expression. This work provides new cellular insights on the Arabidopsis root phenotypic variability and plasticity to osmotic stress.
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328
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Freitas EO, Melo BP, Lourenço-Tessutti IT, Arraes FBM, Amorim RM, Lisei-de-Sá ME, Costa JA, Leite AGB, Faheem M, Ferreira MA, Morgante CV, Fontes EPB, Grossi-de-Sa MF. Identification and characterization of the GmRD26 soybean promoter in response to abiotic stresses: potential tool for biotechnological application. BMC Biotechnol 2019; 19:79. [PMID: 31747926 PMCID: PMC6865010 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-019-0561-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought is one of the most harmful abiotic stresses for plants, leading to reduced productivity of several economically important crops and, consequently, considerable losses in the agricultural sector. When plants are exposed to stressful conditions, such as drought and high salinity, they modulate the expression of genes that lead to developmental, biochemical, and physiological changes, which help to overcome the deleterious effects of adverse circumstances. Thus, the search for new specific gene promoter sequences has proved to be a powerful biotechnological strategy to control the expression of key genes involved in water deprivation or multiple stress responses. RESULTS This study aimed to identify and characterize the GmRD26 promoter (pGmRD26), which is involved in the regulation of plant responses to drought stress. The expression profile of the GmRD26 gene was investigated by qRT-PCR under normal and stress conditions in Williams 82, BR16 and Embrapa48 soybean-cultivars. Our data confirm that GmRD26 is induced under water deficit with different induction folds between analyzed cultivars, which display different genetic background and physiological behaviour under drought. The characterization of the GmRD26 promoter was performed under simulated stress conditions with abscisic acid (ABA), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and drought (air dry) on A. thaliana plants containing the complete construct of pGmRD26::GUS (2.054 bp) and two promoter modules, pGmRD26A::GUS (909 pb) and pGmRD26B::GUS (435 bp), controlling the expression of the β-glucuronidase (uidA) gene. Analysis of GUS activity has demonstrated that pGmRD26 and pGmRD26A induce strong reporter gene expression, as the pAtRD29 positive control promoter under ABA and PEG treatment. CONCLUSIONS The full-length promoter pGmRD26 and the pGmRD26A module provides an improved uidA transcription capacity when compared with the other promoter module, especially in response to polyethylene glycol and drought treatments. These data indicate that pGmRD26A may become a promising biotechnological asset with potential use in the development of modified drought-tolerant plants or other plants designed for stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elinea O Freitas
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil
- Federal University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Bruno P Melo
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil
- Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Fabrício B M Arraes
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Regina M Amorim
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Maria E Lisei-de-Sá
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil
- Agricultural Research Company of Minas Gerais State, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Julia A Costa
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil
- Catholic University of Brasilia - Post-Graduation Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Ana G B Leite
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil
- Federal University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Muhammad Faheem
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil
- National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - Carolina V Morgante
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil
- Embrapa Semi-Arid, Petrolina, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Maria F Grossi-de-Sa
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
- Catholic University of Brasilia - Post-Graduation Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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329
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González-Orenga S, Al Hassan M, Llinares JV, Lisón P, López-Gresa MP, Verdeguer M, Vicente O, Boscaiu M. Qualitative and Quantitative Differences in Osmolytes Accumulation and Antioxidant Activities in Response to Water Deficit in Four Mediterranean Limonium Species. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8110506. [PMID: 31731597 PMCID: PMC6918351 DOI: 10.3390/plants8110506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Limonium is a genus represented in the Iberian Peninsula by numerous halophytic species that are affected in nature by salinity, and often by prolonged drought episodes. Responses to water deficit have been studied in four Mediterranean Limonium species, previously investigated regarding salt tolerance mechanisms. The levels of biochemical markers, associated with specific responses—photosynthetic pigments, mono- and divalent ions, osmolytes, antioxidant compounds and enzymes—were determined in the control and water-stressed plants, and correlated with their relative degree of stress-induced growth inhibition. All the tested Limonium taxa are relatively resistant to drought on the basis of both the constitutive presence of high leaf ion levels that contribute to osmotic adjustment, and the stress-induced accumulation of osmolytes and increased activity of antioxidant enzymes, albeit with different qualitative and quantitative induction patterns. Limonium santapolense activated the strongest responses and clearly differed from Limonium virgatum, Limonium girardianum, and Limonium narbonense, as indicated by cluster and principal component analysis (PCA) analyses in agreement with its drier natural habitat, and compared to that of the other plants. Somewhat surprisingly, however, L. santapolense was the species most affected by water deficit in growth inhibition terms, which suggests the existence of additional mechanisms of defense operating in the field that cannot be mimicked in greenhouses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara González-Orenga
- Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo (IAM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (S.G.-O.); (J.V.L.); (M.V.)
| | - Mohamad Al Hassan
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Universitat Politècnica de València - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.H.); (P.L.); (M.P.L.-G.)
- Wageningen UR Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 4, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Josep V. Llinares
- Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo (IAM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (S.G.-O.); (J.V.L.); (M.V.)
| | - Purificación Lisón
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Universitat Politècnica de València - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.H.); (P.L.); (M.P.L.-G.)
| | - M. Pilar López-Gresa
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Universitat Politècnica de València - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.H.); (P.L.); (M.P.L.-G.)
| | - Mercedes Verdeguer
- Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo (IAM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (S.G.-O.); (J.V.L.); (M.V.)
| | - Oscar Vicente
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Monica Boscaiu
- Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo (IAM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (S.G.-O.); (J.V.L.); (M.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-963-879-253; Fax: +34-963-879-269
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330
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Liu S, Zenda T, Dong A, Yang Y, Liu X, Wang Y, Li J, Tao Y, Duan H. Comparative Proteomic and Morpho-Physiological Analyses of Maize Wild-Type Vp16 and Mutant vp16 Germinating Seed Responses to PEG-Induced Drought Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20225586. [PMID: 31717328 PMCID: PMC6888951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought stress is a major abiotic factor compromising plant cell physiological and molecular events, consequently limiting crop growth and productivity. Maize (Zea mays L.) is among the most drought-susceptible food crops. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underlying drought-stress responses remains critical for crop improvement. To decipher the molecular mechanisms underpinning maize drought tolerance, here, we used a comparative morpho-physiological and proteomics analysis approach to monitor the changes in germinating seeds of two incongruent (drought-sensitive wild-type Vp16 and drought-tolerant mutant vp16) lines exposed to polyethylene-glycol-induced drought stress for seven days. Our physiological analysis showed that the tolerant line mutant vp16 exhibited better osmotic stress endurance owing to its improved reactive oxygen species scavenging competency and robust osmotic adjustment as a result of greater cell water retention and enhanced cell membrane stability. Proteomics analysis identified a total of 1200 proteins to be differentially accumulated under drought stress. These identified proteins were mainly involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism, histone H2A-mediated epigenetic regulation, protein synthesis, signal transduction, redox homeostasis and stress-response processes; with carbon metabolism, pentose phosphate and glutathione metabolism pathways being prominent under stress conditions. Interestingly, significant congruence (R2 = 81.5%) between protein and transcript levels was observed by qRT-PCR validation experiments. Finally, we propose a hypothetical model for maize germinating-seed drought tolerance based on our key findings identified herein. Overall, our study offers insights into the overall mechanisms underpinning drought-stress tolerance and provides essential leads into further functional validation of the identified drought-responsive proteins in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Liu
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Tinashe Zenda
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Anyi Dong
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yatong Yang
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yafei Wang
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yongsheng Tao
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- Correspondence: (Y.T.); (H.D.); Tel.: +86-1393-1279-716 (H.D.)
| | - Huijun Duan
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- Correspondence: (Y.T.); (H.D.); Tel.: +86-1393-1279-716 (H.D.)
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331
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Li T, Sun Y, Liu T, Wu H, An P, Shui Z, Wang J, Zhu Y, Li C, Wang Y, Jetter R, Wang Z. TaCER1-1A is involved in cuticular wax alkane biosynthesis in hexaploid wheat and responds to plant abiotic stresses. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:3077-3091. [PMID: 31306498 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
To protect above-ground plant organs from excessive water loss, their surfaces are coated by waxes. The genes involved in wax formation have been investigated in detail in Arabidopsis but scarcely in crop species. Here, we aimed to isolate and characterize a CER1 enzyme responsible for formation of the very long-chain alkanes present in high concentrations especially during late stages of wheat development. On the basis of comparative wax and transcriptome analyses of various wheat organs, we selected TaCER1-1A as a primary candidate and demonstrated that it was located to the endoplasmic reticulum, the subcellular compartment for wax biosynthesis. A wheat nullisomic-tetrasomic substitution line lacking TaCER1-1A had significantly reduced amounts of C33 alkane, whereas rice plants overexpressing TaCER1-1A showed substantial increases of C25 -C33 alkanes relative to wild type control. Similarly, heterologous expression of TaCER1-1A in Arabidopsis wild type and the cer1 mutant resulted in increased levels of unbranched alkanes, iso-branched alkanes and alkenes. Finally, the expression of TaCER1-1A was found activated by abiotic stresses and abscisic acid treatment, resulting in increased production of alkanes in wheat. Taken together, our results demonstrate that TaCER1-1A plays an important role in wheat wax alkane biosynthesis and involved in responding to drought and other environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yulin Sun
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Tianxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Hongqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Peipei An
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Zhijie Shui
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Jiahuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yidan Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Chunlian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Reinhard Jetter
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Zhonghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
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Carvalho M, Castro I, Moutinho-Pereira J, Correia C, Egea-Cortines M, Matos M, Rosa E, Carnide V, Lino-Neto T. Evaluating stress responses in cowpea under drought stress. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 241:153001. [PMID: 31415937 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2019.153001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Drought impact on plants is an increasing concern under the climate change scenario. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) is considered as one of the most tolerant legume crops to drought, being the search for the best well-adapted genotypes crucial to face the future challenges. Different approaches have been used for differentiating plant responses to drought stress. Plants of four cowpea genotypes were submitted to three watering regimens (a severe and moderate drought stress, and well-watered control) during 15 days, and several physiological, biochemical and molecular parameters were evaluated. Stressed plants revealed commonly-described drought stress characteristics, but not all assayed parameters were useful for discriminating plants with different drought severities or genotypes. The analyses which have contributed most to genotype discrimination were those related with stomatal function, and biochemical markers such as proline and anthocyanin contents. Antioxidant enzymes activities and related genes expression did not differed among genotypes or upon drought stress treatments, suggesting that scavenging enzymes are not involved in the differential ability of cowpea plants to survive under drought stress. This information will be useful to evaluate and use genetic resources, as well as design strategies for breeding cowpea resistance to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia Carvalho
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Isaura Castro
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - José Moutinho-Pereira
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Correia
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Marcos Egea-Cortines
- Instituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30202 Cartagena, Spain.
| | - Manuela Matos
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Sciences Faculty, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Eduardo Rosa
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Valdemar Carnide
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Teresa Lino-Neto
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Plant Functional Biology Center (CBFP), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
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333
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Farhat N, Belghith I, Senkler J, Hichri S, Abdelly C, Braun HP, Debez A. Recovery aptitude of the halophyte Cakile maritima upon water deficit stress release is sustained by extensive modulation of the leaf proteome. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 179:198-211. [PMID: 31048216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.04.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Among the most intriguing features characterizing extremophile plants is their ability to rapidly recover growth activity upon stress release. Here, we investigated the responses of the halophyte C. maritima to drought and recovery at both physiological and leaf proteome levels. Six week-old plants were either cultivated at 100% or at 25% field capacity. After 12 d of treatment, one lot of dehydrated plants was rewatered to 100% FC for 14 d (stress release). Drought stress impaired shoot hydration, photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll content compared to the control, resulting in severe plant growth restriction. This was concomitant with a marked increase in anthocyanin and proline concentrations. Upon stress release, C. maritima rapidly recovered with respect to all measured parameters. Two-dimensional gel-based proteome analysis of leaves revealed 84 protein spots with significantly changed volumes at the compared conditions: twenty-eight protein spots between normally watered plants and stressed plants but even 70 proteins between stressed and recovered plants. Proteins with higher abundance induced upon rewatering were mostly involved in photosynthesis, glycolytic pathway, TCA cycle, protein biosynthesis, and other metabolic pathways. Overall, C. maritima likely adopts a drought-avoidance strategy, involving efficient mechanisms specifically taking place upon stress release, leading to fast and strong recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nèjia Farhat
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, (CBBC), P. O. Box 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia; Department of Plant Proteomics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Leibniz University of Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Ikram Belghith
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, (CBBC), P. O. Box 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia; Department of Plant Proteomics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Leibniz University of Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jennifer Senkler
- Department of Plant Proteomics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Leibniz University of Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sarra Hichri
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, (CBBC), P. O. Box 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia; Department of Plant Proteomics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Leibniz University of Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Chedly Abdelly
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, (CBBC), P. O. Box 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Hans-Peter Braun
- Department of Plant Proteomics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Leibniz University of Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ahmed Debez
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, (CBBC), P. O. Box 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia; Department of Plant Proteomics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Leibniz University of Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
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334
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Alba C, Fahey C, Flory SL. Global change stressors alter resources and shift plant interactions from facilitation to competition over time. Ecology 2019; 100:e02859. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Alba
- Agronomy Department University of Florida McCarty Hall B Gainesville Florida 32611 USA
- Research and Conservation Department Denver Botanic Gardens 909 York Street Denver Colorado 80206 USA
| | - Catherine Fahey
- School of Natural Resources and Environment University of Florida 103 Black Hall Gainesville Florida 32611 USA
- Biology Department Algoma University 1520 Queen Street East Sault Ste. Marie Ontario P6A 2G4 Canada
| | - S. Luke Flory
- Agronomy Department University of Florida McCarty Hall B Gainesville Florida 32611 USA
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335
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Sadhukhan A, Enomoto T, Kobayashi Y, Watanabe T, Iuchi S, Kobayashi M, Sahoo L, Yamamoto YY, Koyama H. Sensitive to Proton Rhizotoxicity1 Regulates Salt and Drought Tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana through Transcriptional Regulation of CIPK23. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 60:2113-2126. [PMID: 31241160 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor sensitive to proton rhizotoxicity 1 (STOP1) regulates multiple stress tolerances. In this study, we confirmed its involvement in NaCl and drought tolerance. The root growth of the T-DNA insertion mutant of STOP1 (stop1) was sensitive to NaCl-containing solidified MS media. Transcriptome analysis of stop1 under NaCl stress revealed that STOP1 regulates several genes related to salt tolerance, including CIPK23. Among all available homozygous T-DNA insertion mutants of the genes suppressed in stop1, only cipk23 showed a NaCl-sensitive root growth phenotype comparable to stop1. The CIPK23 promoter had a functional STOP1-binding site, suggesting a strong CIPK23 suppression led to NaCl sensitivity of stop1. This possibility was supported by in planta complementation of CIPK23 in the stop1 background, which rescued the short root phenotype under NaCl. Both stop1 and cipk23 exhibited a drought tolerant phenotype and increased abscisic acid-regulated stomatal closure, while the complementation of CIPK23 in stop1 reversed these traits. Our findings uncover additional pleiotropic roles of STOP1 mediated by CIPK23, which regulates various ion transporters including those regulating K+-homeostasis, which may induce a trade-off between drought tolerance and other traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Sadhukhan
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takuo Enomoto
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yuriko Kobayashi
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Watanabe
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kitaku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iuchi
- Experimental Plant Division, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masatomo Kobayashi
- Experimental Plant Division, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Lingaraj Sahoo
- Department of Biosciences and bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Yoshiharu Y Yamamoto
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Koyama
- Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, Japan
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336
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Han Y, Yang H, Wu M, Yi H. Enhanced drought tolerance of foxtail millet seedlings by sulfur dioxide fumigation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 178:9-16. [PMID: 30980964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Recently, sulfur dioxide (SO2) has been considered to be a beneficial bio-regulator in animals. However, the positive roles of SO2 in plant adaptation to drought stress are still unclear. In this study, we investigated the physiological and molecular changes that are induced by SO2 fumigation to improve the drought tolerance of foxtail millet seedlings. The relative water content in the leaves of drought-stressed seedlings was significantly improved by pre-exposure to 30 mg/m3 SO2. These responses might be related to decreased stomatal apertures and a reduced leaf transpiration rate, which were induced by SO2 under drought conditions. In addition, the SO2 pretreatment markedly enhanced proline accumulation in the leaves of drought-stressed seedlings, which was supported by increased Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) activity, decreased proline dehydrogenase (ProDH) activity, and the corresponding transcripts. Moreover, the SO2 application upregulated the enzyme activity of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) in the leaves of drought-stressed plants, as well as their transcripts, which contributed to the scavenging of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and alleviated drought-induced oxidative damage, as indicated by the decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) level in SO2-pretreated plants. Together, these results indicate that the application of SO2 might enhance drought tolerance by reducing stomatal apertures, increasing proline accumulation, and promoting antioxidant defence in foxtail millet seedlings. This study presents new insight into the beneficial roles of SO2 in plant responses to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansha Han
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Hao Yang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Mengyang Wu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Huilan Yi
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi Province, China.
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337
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Towards Sustainable Agriculture—Agronomic and Economic Effects of Biostimulant Use in Common Bean Cultivation. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11174575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Today, one of the greatest challenges faced by the agriculture industry is the development of sustainable and environmentally-friendly systems to meet nutritional demands of the continuously growing global population. A number of research studies have recently been undertaken with the aim to indicate types of parameters used in plant production that would be able to improve plant growth as well as the effectiveness and quality of yield, and to help plants cope with environmental stress. The aim of this study was to verify a hypothesis that the implementation of a sustainable agricultural technology, based on the use of synthetic biostimulants, will allow not only increasing crop yield and quality but also improving the cost-effectiveness of common bean cultivation. The field experiment was conducted in three growing seasons (2016–2018). In the growing season, the plants were treated with Atonik and Tytanit biostimulants in the form of single or double spraying. We determinated biometric traits, seed yield, seed number, and 1000-seed weight. Further analyses included contents of nutraceutical potential. The economic effect of using biostimulants was also calculated. The results of our experiment allowed verifying a hypothesis that the implementation of a sustainable agricultural technology based on the use of synthetic preparations was an effective method to increase plant productivity and, consequently, economic profits to farmers.
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338
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Analysis of Drought Tolerance and Associated Traits in Upland Cotton at the Seedling Stage. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163888. [PMID: 31404956 PMCID: PMC6720584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is the most important natural fiber worldwide, and it is extensively planted and plentifully used in the textile industry. Major cotton planting regions are frequently affected by abiotic stress, especially drought stress. Drought resistance is a complex, quantitative trait. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) constitutes an efficient method for dissecting the genetic architecture of complex traits. In this study, the drought resistance of a population of 316 upland cotton accessions was studied via GWAS. (2) Methods: GWAS methodology was employed to identify relationships between molecular markers or candidate genes and phenotypes of interest. (3) Results: A total of 8, 3, and 6 SNPs were associated with the euphylla wilting score (EWS), cotyledon wilting score (CWS), and leaf temperature (LT), respectively, based on a general linear model and a factored spectrally transformed linear mixed model. For these traits, 7 QTLs were found, of which 2 each were located on chromosomes A05, A11, and D03, and of which 1 was located on chromosome A01. Importantly, in the candidate regions WRKY70, GhCIPK6, SnRK2.6, and NET1A, which are involved in the response to abscisic acid (ABA), the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and the calcium transduction pathway were identified in upland cotton at the seedling stage under drought stress according to annotation information and linkage disequilibrium (LD) block analysis. Moreover, RNA sequencing analysis showed that WRKY70, GhCIPK6, SnRK2.6, and NET1A were induced by drought stress, and the expression of these genes was significantly different between normal and drought stress conditions. (4) Conclusions: The present study should provide some genomic resources for drought resistance in upland cotton. Moreover, the germplasm of the different phenotypes, the detected SNPs and, the potential candidate genes will be helpful for molecular marker-assisted breeding studies about increased drought resistance in upland cotton.
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339
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Kusvuran A, Kusvuran S. Using of Microbial Fertilizer as Biostimulant Alleviates Damage from Drought Stress in Guar (<i>Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba</i> (L.) Taub.) Seedlings. INTERNATIONAL LETTERS OF NATURAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.56431/p-x0z5sx] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Drought is a significant environmental stress that limits plant growth and yield. In this study, an investigation of guar, grown under different drought level conditions [(S0: 100% of field capacity), S1 (depletion of 75% the available water holding capacity), S2 (depletion of 50% the available water holding capacity), S3 (depletion of 25% the available water holding capacity), S4 (no applied irrigation water)] with regards to the impact of Chlorella vulgaris based microbial fertilizer on physiological, morphological, and enzymatic activity was performed. Microbial fertilizer applications significantly increased shoot length, fresh and dry weight of the shoot and root, and leaf number and area of guar plants compared to the only drought stress treatments. In addition, following the above-mentioned procedures, there were significant increases in the relative water content, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutation reductase (GR) activity. However, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content were significantly decreased. Hence, the results support the administration of a foliar application to the microbial fertilizer containing microalgae in order to increase the guar plant’s defense system, enabling it to tolerate the negative effects resulting from drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sebnem Kusvuran
- Cankiri Karatekin University Kizilirmak Vocational High School
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340
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Bouzid M, He F, Schmitz G, Häusler RE, Weber APM, Mettler-Altmann T, De Meaux J. Arabidopsis species deploy distinct strategies to cope with drought stress. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2019; 124:27-40. [PMID: 30668651 PMCID: PMC6676377 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcy237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Water limitation is an important determinant of the distribution, abundance and diversity of plant species. Yet, little is known about how the response to limiting water supply changes among closely related plant species with distinct ecological preferences. Comparison of the model annual species Arabidopsis thaliana with its close perennial relatives A. lyrata and A. halleri, can help disentangle the molecular and physiological changes contributing to tolerance and avoidance mechanisms, because these species must maintain tolerance and avoidance mechanisms to increase long-term survival, but they are exposed to different levels of water stress and competition in their natural habitat. METHODS A dry-down experiment was conducted to mimic a period of missing precipitation. The covariation of a progressive decrease in soil water content (SWC) with various physiological and morphological plant traits across a set of representative genotypes in A. thaliana, A. lyrata and A. halleri was quantified. Transcriptome changes to soil dry-down were further monitored. KEY RESULTS The analysis of trait covariation demonstrates that the three species differ in the strategies they deploy to respond to drought stress. Arabidopsis thaliana showed a drought avoidance reaction but failed to survive wilting. Arabidopsis lyrata efficiently combined avoidance and tolerance mechanisms. In contrast, A. halleri showed some degree of tolerance to wilting but it did not seem to protect itself from the stress imposed by drought. Transcriptome data collected just before plant wilting and after recovery corroborated the phenotypic analysis, with A. lyrata and A. halleri showing a stronger activation of recovery- and stress-related genes, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The response of the three Arabidopsis species to soil dry-down reveals that they have evolved distinct strategies to face drought stress. These strategic differences are in agreement with the distinct ecological priorities of the stress-tolerant A. lyrata, the competitive A. halleri and the ruderal A. thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bouzid
- Institute of Botany, Biozentrum, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - F He
- Institute of Botany, Biozentrum, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - G Schmitz
- Institute of Botany, Biozentrum, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - R E Häusler
- Institute of Botany, Biozentrum, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - A P M Weber
- Institut of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - T Mettler-Altmann
- Institut of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - J De Meaux
- Institute of Botany, Biozentrum, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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341
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Mechri B, Tekaya M, Hammami M, Chehab H. Root verbascoside and oleuropein are potential indicators of drought resistance in olive trees (Olea europaea L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 141:407-414. [PMID: 31228797 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols are constituents of all higher plants. However, their biosynthesis is often induced when plants are exposed to abiotic stresses, such as drought. The aim of the present work was to determine the phenolic status in the roots of olive trees grown under water deficit conditions. The results revealed that roots of water-stressed plants had a higher content of total phenols. The main compound detected in well-watered olive tree roots was verbascoside. Oleuropein was established as the predominant phenolic compound of water-stressed plants. The oleuropein/verbascoside ratio varied between 0.31 and 6.02 in well-watered and water-stressed plants respectively, which could be a useful indicator of drought tolerance in olive trees. Furthermore, this study is the first to provide experimental evidence showing that luteolin-7-rutinoside, luteolin-7-glucoside and apigenin-7-glucoside were the dominant flavonoid glucosides in olive tree roots and showed the most significant variations under water stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beligh Mechri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, USCR Mass Spectrometry, LR-NAFS/LR12ES05 Nutrition Functional Foods and Vascular Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Meriem Tekaya
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, USCR Mass Spectrometry, LR-NAFS/LR12ES05 Nutrition Functional Foods and Vascular Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Hammami
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, USCR Mass Spectrometry, LR-NAFS/LR12ES05 Nutrition Functional Foods and Vascular Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hechmi Chehab
- The Olive Tree Institute, Unit Specializing in Sousse, Ibn Khaldoun Street B.P. 14, 4061, Sousse, Tunisia
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342
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Le Pioufle O, Ganoudi M, Calonne-Salmon M, Ben Dhaou F, Declerck S. Rhizophagus irregularis MUCL 41833 Improves Phosphorus Uptake and Water Use Efficiency in Maize Plants During Recovery From Drought Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:897. [PMID: 31379895 PMCID: PMC6646675 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Irregular precipitations are likely to affect maize production in the future. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been reported to increase maize resistance to drought, but their role on the short-term inorganic phosphorus (Pi) uptake, leaf gas exchange parameters and water content during recovery after drought remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated these parameters in maize plants colonized or not by Rhizophagus irregularis MUCL 41833. The mycorrhizal (M) and non-mycorrhizal (NM) plants were grown for a 3-week period in a circulatory semi-hydroponic cultivation system and were submitted to well-, moderately-, or poorly-watered conditions (WW, MW, and PW, respectively), the two latter conditions corresponding to moderate and severe droughts. The plants were then watered at field capacity for 42 h with a Pi impoverished Hoagland nutrient solution and the dynamic of Pi depletion in the nutrient solution, corresponding to Pi uptake/immobilization by the maize-AMF associates, was evaluated at 0, 9, 21, and 42 h. The CO2 assimilation rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E), and instantaneous water use efficiency (WUEi) were also assessed at 0 and 42 h of circulation. Plant biomass, plant water content, phosphorus concentration and content, and leaf relative water content were evaluated at harvest. During recovery, Pi uptake was significantly higher in M versus NM plants whatever the water regime (WR) applied before recovery. AMF did not affect leaf gas exchange parameters before recovery but modulated gs and E, and improved WUEi after 42 h of recovery. At harvest, no significant difference in dry biomass was found between M and NM plants but shoot fresh weight was significantly higher in M plants. This resulted in an increased shoot water content in M plants grown in the MW and PW treatments. Surprisingly, leaf relative water content was significantly lower in M plants when compared with NM plants. Finally, P content and concentration were significantly higher in roots but not in shoots of M plants. Our results suggested that AMF can play a role in drought resistance of maize plants by increasing the Pi uptake and WUEi during recovery after drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Le Pioufle
- Earth and Life Institute, Applied Microbiology, Mycology, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Matike Ganoudi
- Earth and Life Institute, Applied Microbiology, Mycology, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Maryline Calonne-Salmon
- Earth and Life Institute, Applied Microbiology, Mycology, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | - Stéphane Declerck
- Earth and Life Institute, Applied Microbiology, Mycology, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Marinho JP, Coutinho ID, da Fonseca Lameiro R, Marin SRR, Colnago LA, Nakashima K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Nepomuceno AL, Mertz-Henning LM. Metabolic alterations in conventional and genetically modified soybean plants with GmDREB2A;2 FL and GmDREB2A;2 CA transcription factors during water deficit. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 140:122-135. [PMID: 31100705 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Water deficit is one of the main abiotic stress that affects plant growth and productivity. The GmDREB2A;2 (Glyma14g06080) gene is an important transcription factor involved in regulating the plants' responses under water deficit. In previous studies, soybean plants overexpressing full-length (GmDREB2A;2 FL) and constitutively active (GmDREB2A;2 CA) forms of the GmDREB2A;2 gene, presented higher tolerance to water deficit when compared with the conventional cultivar BRS 283. Therefore, identifying the changes in metabolite profile in these tolerant genotypes can contribute to the understanding of the metabolic pathways involved in the tolerance mechanism. In this work, the metabolic changes in roots and leaves of genetically modified (GM) soybean plants subjected to water deficit were elucidated by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Three events were analyzed, one containing the gene in FL form (GmDREB2A;2 FL) and two presenting its CA form (GmDREB2A;2 CA-1 and GmDREB2A;2 CA-2) and compared with the conventional cultivar BRS 283. The results indicated different responses between leaves and roots for all genotypes. Most of these metabolic variations were related to carbohydrate and amino acid pathways. BRS 283 stood out with higher accumulation of amino acids in leaves under water deficit. The results also showed that the events GmDREB2A;2 FL and GmDREB2A;2 CA-1 presented higher concentrations of β-glucose and fructose in leaves, whereas BRS 283 accumulated more sucrose and pinitol. In roots, the GM events accumulated higher β-glucose, fructose, asparagine and phenylalanine, when compared with the conventional cultivar. These insights can add information on how the transcription factor (TF) DREB2A acts in soybean plants triggering and controlling a network of complex responses to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Prela Marinho
- Department of General Biology, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR, Brazil; Embrapa Soja, Rodovia Carlos João Strass, Acesso Orlando Amaral, Warta, PO. Box 231, 86001-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Isabel Duarte Coutinho
- Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua XV de Novembro, 1452, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael da Fonseca Lameiro
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13566-590, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Silvana Regina Rockenbach Marin
- Department of General Biology, Londrina State University, Londrina, PR, Brazil; Embrapa Soja, Rodovia Carlos João Strass, Acesso Orlando Amaral, Warta, PO. Box 231, 86001-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Colnago
- Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua XV de Novembro, 1452, 13560-970, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kazuo Nakashima
- Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan
| | - Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Alexandre Lima Nepomuceno
- Embrapa Soja, Rodovia Carlos João Strass, Acesso Orlando Amaral, Warta, PO. Box 231, 86001-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Liliane Marcia Mertz-Henning
- Embrapa Soja, Rodovia Carlos João Strass, Acesso Orlando Amaral, Warta, PO. Box 231, 86001-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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344
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Mohd Ikmal A, Nurasyikin Z, Tuan Nur Aqlili Riana TA, Puteri Dinie Ellina Z, Wickneswari R, Noraziyah AAS. Drought Yield QTL ( qDTY) with Consistent Effects on Morphological and Agronomical Traits of Two Populations of New Rice ( Oryza sativa) Lines. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E186. [PMID: 31238548 PMCID: PMC6630983 DOI: 10.3390/plants8060186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Drought has been a major limiting factor for rice production. Drought yield QTLs (qDTYs; QTLs = quantitative trait loci) were pyramided into MRQ74 and MR219 to produce drought tolerant lines. In this study, new drought tolerant MRQ74 and MR219 pyramided lines (PLs) were evaluated under drought stress (RS) and non-stress (NS) conditions to evaluate the effects of different qDTYs combinations on morphological and agronomical traits. MRQ74 PLs having qDTY12.1 possessed the best root length (RL) under both RS and NS but the effect was only significant for MR219 PLs under RS. Some qDTYs combinations also found to have consistent effect on the same trait of both populations. PLs with only qDTY12.1 showed the highest grain yield (GY) under RS in both populations which means qDTY12.1 controlled RL and caused higher GY under drought condition. The interaction of major-effect qDTY12.1 with qDTY2.2 also shows significant effect on leaf rolling (LR) of both PL populations. These qDTYs proved to be beneficial in improving traits related to drought tolerance. Selected PLs with qDTY12.1 combinations also found to have better RL and root weight (RW) under RS. Improvement of morphological and agronomical traits led to higher GY of PLs. Therefore, qDTY12.1 either is present singly or in combination with other qDTYs was the best qDTY due to its consistent effect on morphological and agronomical traits and GY across populations under RS and NS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmuni Mohd Ikmal
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia.
| | - Zainuddin Nurasyikin
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia.
| | | | | | - Ratnam Wickneswari
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia.
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345
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Comparative physiology and transcriptome analysis allows for identification of lncRNAs imparting tolerance to drought stress in autotetraploid cassava. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:514. [PMID: 31226927 PMCID: PMC6588902 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5895-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Polyploidization, pervasive among higher plant species, enhances adaptation to water deficit, but the physiological and molecular advantages need to be investigated widely. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in drought tolerance in various crops. Results Herein, we demonstrate that tetraploidy potentiates tolerance to drought stress in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Autotetraploidy reduces transpiration by lesser extent increasing of stomatal density, smaller stomatal aperture size, or greater stomatal closure, and reducing accumulation of H2O2 under drought stress. Transcriptome analysis of autotetraploid samples revealed down-regulation of genes involved in photosynthesis under drought stress, and less down-regulation of subtilisin-like proteases involved in increasing stomatal density. UDP-glucosyltransferases were increased more or reduced less in dehydrated leaves of autotetraploids compared with controls. Strand-specific RNA-seq data (validated by quantitative real time PCR) identified 2372 lncRNAs, and 86 autotetraploid-specific lncRNAs were differentially expressed in stressed leaves. The co-expressed network analysis indicated that LNC_001148 and LNC_000160 in autotetraploid dehydrated leaves regulated six genes encoding subtilisin-like protease above mentioned, thereby result in increasing the stomatal density to a lesser extent in autotetraploid cassava. Trans-regulatory network analysis suggested that autotetraploid-specific differentially expressed lncRNAs were associated with galactose metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway and brassinosteroid biosynthesis, etc. Conclusion Tetraploidy potentiates tolerance to drought stress in cassava, and LNC_001148 and LNC_000160 mediate drought tolerance by regulating stomatal density in autotetraploid cassava. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5895-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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346
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Huang L, Chen L, Wang L, Yang Y, Rao Y, Ren D, Dai L, Gao Y, Zou W, Lu X, Zhang G, Zhu L, Hu J, Chen G, Shen L, Dong G, Gao Z, Guo L, Qian Q, Zeng D. A Nck-associated protein 1-like protein affects drought sensitivity by its involvement in leaf epidermal development and stomatal closure in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 98:884-897. [PMID: 30771248 PMCID: PMC6849750 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Water deficit is a major environmental threat affecting crop yields worldwide. In this study, a drought stress-sensitive mutant drought sensitive 8 (ds8) was identified in rice (Oryza sativa L.). The DS8 gene was cloned using a map-based approach. Further analysis revealed that DS8 encoded a Nck-associated protein 1 (NAP1)-like protein, a component of the SCAR/WAVE complex, which played a vital role in actin filament nucleation activity. The mutant exhibited changes in leaf cuticle development. Functional analysis revealed that the mutation of DS8 increased stomatal density and impaired stomatal closure activity. The distorted actin filaments in the mutant led to a defect in abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated stomatal closure and increased ABA accumulation. All these resulted in excessive water loss in ds8 leaves. Notably, antisense transgenic lines also exhibited increased drought sensitivity, along with impaired stomatal closure and elevated ABA levels. These findings suggest that DS8 affects drought sensitivity by influencing actin filament activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Lan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Yaolong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Yuchun Rao
- College of Chemistry and Life SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China
| | - Deyong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Liping Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Yihong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Weiwei Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Xueli Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Guangheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Jiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Guang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Lan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Guojun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Zhenyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Longbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
| | - Dali Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou310006China
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347
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Giard-Laliberté C, Azarbad H, Tremblay J, Bainard L, Yergeau É. A water stress-adapted inoculum affects rhizosphere fungi, but not bacteria nor wheat. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2019; 95:5499018. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiz080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Giard-Laliberté
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique, 531 boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Hamed Azarbad
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique, 531 boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Julien Tremblay
- Energy, Mining and Environment, National Research Council Canada, 6100 avenue Royalmount, Montreal, QC, H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Luke Bainard
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1 Airport road, Swift Current, SK, S9H 3X2, Canada
| | - Étienne Yergeau
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique, 531 boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC, H7V 1B7, Canada
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348
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Tay S, He J, Yam TW. CAM plasticity in epiphytic tropical orchid species responding to environmental stress. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2019; 60:7. [PMID: 31087187 PMCID: PMC6513927 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-019-0255-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To counteract its dramatic species endangerment caused by extensive loss of habitat, Singapore is currently re-introducing into nature some of the native orchids to conserve and improve their germplasm. A main challenge of re-introduction is growing and establishing these plants under natural conditions, which are semi-arid with periodic drought. In this study, six native species were examined, of which three, Bulbophyllum vaginatum, Dendrobium leonis and Phalaenopsis cornu-cervi, are viewed as CAM species while the other three, Coelogyne rochussenii, Coelogyne mayeriana, and Bulbophyllum membranaceum are usually characterized as C3 species. We aimed to compare their physiological responses to drought under two different light conditions: (1) moderate light (photosynthetic photon flux density, PPFD of 900 μmol m-2 s-1) and (2) low light (PPFD < 100 μmol m-2 s-1). RESULTS After 7 weeks of drought under moderate light (DRML), photosynthetic light utilization was reduced in all six species, and relative water content (RWC) in leaves decreased to < 50% in CAM orchids, compared to > 50% in C3 species, while RWC in pseudobulbs (produced by 4 of the species) fell to < 50%. Both effects were reversed after 14 weeks of re-watering. Proline concentration in leaves increased in the CAM orchids and B. membranaceum (60-130 µmol g-1 FW), and CAM acidity increased (0.2 to 0.8 mmol H+/g fresh weight) in leaves and pseudobulbs of most species including C3 orchids after 7 weeks of DRML, but to lesser extent in B. membranaceum. CONCLUSION In the six native orchid species tested, osmoregulation by proline and CAM expression were adaptive responses to maintain photosynthesis under drought stress. Expression of CAM is a significant adaptive mechanism to drought in both C3 and CAM orchids. For C3 B. membranaceum, this CAM activity is best described as 'CAM-idling'. We propose that any future work in understanding adaptive responses in Singapore's native epiphytic orchids to periodic water deficit should also analyse the significance of CAM plasticity on water conservation within the plant and the regulation of CAM by prevailing water status and light intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Tay
- Natural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore, 637 616, Singapore
| | - Jie He
- Natural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore, 637 616, Singapore.
| | - Tim Wing Yam
- Singapore Botanic Gardens, National Parks Board, 1 Cluny Road, Singapore, 259 569, Singapore
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349
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Hwang K, Susila H, Nasim Z, Jung JY, Ahn JH. Arabidopsis ABF3 and ABF4 Transcription Factors Act with the NF-YC Complex to Regulate SOC1 Expression and Mediate Drought-Accelerated Flowering. MOLECULAR PLANT 2019; 12:489-505. [PMID: 30639313 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The drought-escape response accelerates flowering in response to drought stress, allowing plants to adaptively shorten their life cycles. Abscisic acid (ABA) mediates plant responses to drought, but the role of ABA-responsive element (ABRE)-binding factors (ABFs) in the drought-escape response is poorly understood. Here, we show that Arabidopsis thaliana ABF3 and ABF4 regulate flowering in response to drought through transcriptional regulation of the floral integrator SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 (SOC1). The abf3 abf4 mutant displayed ABA-insensitive late flowering under long-day conditions. Ectopic expression of ABF3 or ABF4 in the vasculature, but not in the shoot apex, induced early flowering, whereas expression of ABF3 fused with the SRDX transcriptional repressor domain delayed flowering. We identified SOC1 as a direct downstream target of ABF3/4, and found that SOC1 mRNA levels were lower in abf3 abf4 than in wild-type plants. Moreover, induction of SOC1 by ABA was hampered in abf3 abf4 mutants. ABF3 and ABF4 were enriched at the -1028- to -657-bp region of the SOC1 promoter, which does not contain canonical ABF-ABRE-binding motifs but has the NF-Y binding element. We found that ABF3 and ABF4 interact with nuclear factor Y subunit C (NF-YC) 3/4/9 in vitro and in planta, and induction of SOC1 by ABA was hampered in nf-yc3 yc4 yc9 mutants. Interestingly, the abf3 abf4, nf-yc3 yc4 yc9, and soc1 mutants displayed a reduced drought-escape response. Taken together, these results suggest that ABF3 and ABF4 act with NF-YCs to promote flowering by inducing SOC1 transcription under drought conditions. This mechanism might contribute to adaptation by enabling plants to complete their life cycles under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keumbi Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Anamro 145, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Hendry Susila
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Anamro 145, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Zeeshan Nasim
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Anamro 145, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Ji-Yul Jung
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Anamro 145, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Ahn
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Anamro 145, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea.
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350
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Growth, Secondary Metabolites and Enzyme Activity Responses of Two Edible Fern Species to Drought Stress and Rehydration in Northeast China. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy9030137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The drought resistance mechanism of Matteuccia struthiopteris (L.) Todar. and Athyrium multidentatum (Doll.) Ching were measured under natural drought exposure. The results showed that the two edible fern species showed stronger resistance in the early stages of drought, mainly expressed as the decrease of relative leaf water content (RLWC), increase of osmotic substances, secondary metabolites such as flavonoids (FC), total phenols (TPC), proantho cyanidins (PCC) content and enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)). The higher RLWC, FC, TPC, PCC and abscisic acid (ABA) content and lower H2O2 content indicates the stronger non-enzymatic antioxidant system and drought resistance of A. multidentatum. However, the proline (Pro) content changed slowly, and the synthesis of soluble protein (SP), total phenols, proantho cyanidins and ABA, SOD activity of two fern species were inhibited in the late stages of drought stress. This study can provide a scientific basis for the cultivation and utilization of edible fern species under forest in Northeast China.
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