401
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Structural determinants of 5-HT 2B receptor activation and biased agonism. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2018; 25:787-796. [PMID: 30127358 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-018-0116-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) receptors modulate a variety of physiological processes ranging from perception, cognition and emotion to vascular and smooth muscle contraction, platelet aggregation, gastrointestinal function and reproduction. Drugs that interact with 5-HT receptors effectively treat diseases as diverse as migraine headaches, depression and obesity. Here we present four structures of a prototypical serotonin receptor-the human 5-HT2B receptor-in complex with chemically and pharmacologically diverse drugs, including methysergide, methylergonovine, lisuride and LY266097. A detailed analysis of these structures complemented by comprehensive interrogation of signaling illuminated key structural determinants essential for activation. Additional structure-guided mutagenesis experiments revealed binding pocket residues that were essential for agonist-mediated biased signaling and β-arrestin2 translocation. Given the importance of 5-HT receptors for a large number of therapeutic indications, insights derived from these studies should accelerate the design of safer and more effective medications.
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402
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Kim Y, Kim H, Lee J, Lee JK, Min SJ, Seong J, Rhim H, Tae J, Lee HJ, Choo H. Discovery of β-Arrestin Biased Ligands of 5-HT 7R. J Med Chem 2018; 61:7218-7233. [PMID: 30028132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Though many studies have been published about therapeutic potentials of selective 5-HT7R ligands, there have been few biased ligands of 5-HT7R. The development of potent and selective biased ligands of 5-HT7R would be of great help in understanding the relationship between pharmacological effects and G protein/β-arrestin signaling pathways of 5-HT7R. In order to identify 5-HT7R ligands with biased agonism, we designed and synthesized a series of tetrahydroazepine derivatives 1 and 2 with arylpyrazolo moiety or arylisoxazolo moiety. Through several biological evaluations such as binding affinity, selectivity profile, and functions in G protein and β-arrestin signaling pathways, 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydropyrazolo[3,4- d]azepine 1g was discovered as the β-arrestin biased ligand of 5-HT7R. In an electroencephalogram (EEG) test, 1g increased total non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep time and decreased total rapid eye movement (REM) sleep time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngjae Kim
- Center for Neuro-Medicine , Brain Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792 , Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry , Yonsei University , Seoul 03722 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunguk Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jieon Lee
- Center for Neuro-Medicine , Brain Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792 , Republic of Korea.,Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School , Korea University of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyun Lee
- Center for Neuro-Medicine , Brain Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Joon Min
- Department of Chemical & Molecular Engineering/Applied Chemistry , Hanyang University , Ansan , Gyeonggi-do 15588 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Seong
- Center for Neuro-Medicine , Brain Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792 , Republic of Korea.,Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School , Korea University of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792 , Republic of Korea.,Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis Treatment Care of Dementia , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewhon Rhim
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School , Korea University of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792 , Republic of Korea.,Center for Neuroscience , Brain Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsung Tae
- Department of Chemistry , Yonsei University , Seoul 03722 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Jenny Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunah Choo
- Center for Neuro-Medicine , Brain Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792 , Republic of Korea.,Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School , Korea University of Science and Technology , Seoul 02792 , Republic of Korea
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403
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Thompson KJ, Khajehali E, Bradley SJ, Navarrete JS, Huang XP, Slocum S, Jin J, Liu J, Xiong Y, Olsen RHJ, Diberto JF, Boyt KM, Pina MM, Pati D, Molloy C, Bundgaard C, Sexton PM, Kash TL, Krashes MJ, Christopoulos A, Roth BL, Tobin AB. DREADD Agonist 21 Is an Effective Agonist for Muscarinic-Based DREADDs in Vitro and in Vivo. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2018; 1:61-72. [PMID: 30868140 PMCID: PMC6407913 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.8b00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Chemogenetic tools such as designer
receptors exclusively activated
by designer drugs (DREADDs) are routinely used to modulate neuronal
and non-neuronal signaling and activity in a relatively noninvasive
manner. The first generation of DREADDs were templated from the human
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor family and are relatively insensitive
to the endogenous agonist acetylcholine but instead are activated
by clozapine-N-oxide (CNO). Despite the undisputed
success of CNO as an activator of muscarinic DREADDs, it has been
known for some time that CNO is subject to a low rate of metabolic
conversion to clozapine, raising the need for alternative chemical
actuators of muscarinic-based DREADDs. Here we show that DREADD agonist 21 (C21) (11-(1-piperazinyl)-5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine)
is a potent and selective agonist at both excitatory (hM3Dq) and inhibitory
(hM4Di) DREADDs and has excellent bioavailability, pharmacokinetic
properties, and brain penetrability. We also show that C21-induced
activation of hM3Dq and hM4Di in vivo can modulate
bidirectional feeding in defined circuits in mice. These results indicate
that C21 represents an alternative to CNO for in vivo studies where metabolic conversion of CNO to clozapine is a concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen J Thompson
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Elham Khajehali
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Sophie J Bradley
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Jovana S Navarrete
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States.,National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Xi Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina NC2751, United States
| | - Samuel Slocum
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina NC2751, United States
| | - Jian Jin
- Center for Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY10029, United States
| | - Jing Liu
- Center for Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY10029, United States
| | - Yan Xiong
- Center for Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY10029, United States
| | - Reid H J Olsen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina NC2751, United States
| | - Jeffrey F Diberto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina NC2751, United States
| | - Kristen M Boyt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina NC2751, United States
| | - Melanie M Pina
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina NC2751, United States
| | - Dipanwita Pati
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina NC2751, United States
| | - Colin Molloy
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Christoffer Bundgaard
- Neuroscience, Eli Lilly & Co., Erl Wood Manor, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick M Sexton
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Thomas L Kash
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina NC2751, United States
| | - Michael J Krashes
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States.,National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Arthur Christopoulos
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina NC2751, United States
| | - Andrew B Tobin
- Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
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404
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Keri D, Barth P. Reprogramming G protein coupled receptor structure and function. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2018; 51:187-194. [PMID: 30055347 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The prominence of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in human physiology and disease has resulted in their intense study in various fields of research ranging from neuroscience to structural biology. With over 800 members in the human genome and their involvement in a myriad of diseases, GPCRs are the single largest family of drug targets, and an ever-present interest exists in further drug discovery and structural characterization efforts. However, low GPCR expression and stability outside the natural lipid environments have challenged these efforts. In vivo functional studies of GPCR signaling are complicated not only by the need for specific spatiotemporal activation, but also by downstream effector promiscuity. In this review, we summarize the present and emerging GPCR engineering methods that have been employed to overcome the challenges involved in receptor characterization, and to better understand the functional role of these receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Keri
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - P Barth
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Interfaculty Institute of Bioengineering, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne Branch, 1066 Lausanne, Switzerland; Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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405
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Sun F, Zeng J, Jing M, Zhou J, Feng J, Owen SF, Luo Y, Li F, Wang H, Yamaguchi T, Yong Z, Gao Y, Peng W, Wang L, Zhang S, Du J, Lin D, Xu M, Kreitzer AC, Cui G, Li Y. A Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Sensor Enables Rapid and Specific Detection of Dopamine in Flies, Fish, and Mice. Cell 2018; 174:481-496.e19. [PMID: 30007419 PMCID: PMC6092020 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 485] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is a central monoamine neurotransmitter involved in many physiological and pathological processes. A longstanding yet largely unmet goal is to measure DA changes reliably and specifically with high spatiotemporal precision, particularly in animals executing complex behaviors. Here, we report the development of genetically encoded GPCR-activation-based-DA (GRABDA) sensors that enable these measurements. In response to extracellular DA, GRABDA sensors exhibit large fluorescence increases (ΔF/F0 ∼90%) with subcellular resolution, subsecond kinetics, nanomolar to submicromolar affinities, and excellent molecular specificity. GRABDA sensors can resolve a single-electrical-stimulus-evoked DA release in mouse brain slices and detect endogenous DA release in living flies, fish, and mice. In freely behaving mice, GRABDA sensors readily report optogenetically elicited nigrostriatal DA release and depict dynamic mesoaccumbens DA signaling during Pavlovian conditioning or during sexual behaviors. Thus, GRABDA sensors enable spatiotemporally precise measurements of DA dynamics in a variety of model organisms while exhibiting complex behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangmiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, 100871 Beijing, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, 100871 Beijing, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, 100871 Beijing, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Miao Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, 100871 Beijing, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, 100871 Beijing, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Jingheng Zhou
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Jiesi Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, 100871 Beijing, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, 100871 Beijing, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Scott F Owen
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Yichen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Funing Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, 100871 Beijing, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, 100871 Beijing, China
| | - Takashi Yamaguchi
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Zihao Yong
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, 100871 Beijing, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, 100871 Beijing, China; College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Yijing Gao
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Wanling Peng
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, China
| | - Lizhao Wang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
| | - Jiulin Du
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
| | - Dayu Lin
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Min Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, China
| | - Anatol C Kreitzer
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Neurology, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Guohong Cui
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Yulong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, 100871 Beijing, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, 100871 Beijing, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, 100871 Beijing, China.
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406
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Remesic M, Macedonio G, Mollica A, Porreca F, Hruby V, Lee YS. Cyclic biphalin analogues with a novel linker lead to potent agonist activities at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:3664-3667. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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407
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Roy J, Watson JE, Hong IS, Fan TM, Das A. Antitumorigenic Properties of Omega-3 Endocannabinoid Epoxides. J Med Chem 2018; 61:5569-5579. [PMID: 29856219 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating studies have linked inflammation to tumor progression. Dietary omega-3 fatty acids, such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have been shown to suppress tumor growth through their conversion to epoxide metabolites. Alternatively, DHA is converted enzymatically into docosahexaenoylethanolamide (DHEA), an endocannabinoid with antiproliferative activity. Recently, we reported a novel class of anti-inflammatory DHEA-epoxide derivative called epoxydocospentaenoic-ethanolamide (EDP-EA) that contain both ethanolamide and epoxide moieties. Herein, we study the antitumorigenic properties of EDP-EAs in an osteosarcoma (OS) model. First, we show ∼80% increase in EDP-EAs in metastatic versus normal lungs of mice. We found significant differences in the apoptotic and antimigratory potencies of the different EDP-EA regioisomers, which were partially mediated through cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1). Next, we synthesized derivatives of the most pro-apoptotic regioisomer. These derivatives had reduced hydrolytic susceptibility to fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and increased CB1-selective binding. Collectively, we report a novel class of EDP-EAs that exhibit antiangiogenic, antitumorigenic, and antimigratory properties in OS.
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408
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Sabbir MG, Calcutt NA, Fernyhough P. Muscarinic Acetylcholine Type 1 Receptor Activity Constrains Neurite Outgrowth by Inhibiting Microtubule Polymerization and Mitochondrial Trafficking in Adult Sensory Neurons. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:402. [PMID: 29997469 PMCID: PMC6029366 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The muscarinic acetylcholine type 1 receptor (M1R) is a metabotropic G protein-coupled receptor. Knockout of M1R or exposure to selective or specific receptor antagonists elevates neurite outgrowth in adult sensory neurons and is therapeutic in diverse models of peripheral neuropathy. We tested the hypothesis that endogenous M1R activation constrained neurite outgrowth via a negative impact on the cytoskeleton and subsequent mitochondrial trafficking. We overexpressed M1R in primary cultures of adult rat sensory neurons and cell lines and studied the physiological and molecular consequences related to regulation of cytoskeletal/mitochondrial dynamics and neurite outgrowth. In adult primary neurons, overexpression of M1R caused disruption of the tubulin, but not actin, cytoskeleton and significantly reduced neurite outgrowth. Over-expression of a M1R-DREADD mutant comparatively increased neurite outgrowth suggesting that acetylcholine released from cultured neurons interacts with M1R to suppress neurite outgrowth. M1R-dependent constraint on neurite outgrowth was removed by selective (pirenzepine) or specific (muscarinic toxin 7) M1R antagonists. M1R-dependent disruption of the cytoskeleton also diminished mitochondrial abundance and trafficking in distal neurites, a disorder that was also rescued by pirenzepine or muscarinic toxin 7. M1R activation modulated cytoskeletal dynamics through activation of the G protein (Gα13) that inhibited tubulin polymerization and thus reduced neurite outgrowth. Our study provides a novel mechanism of M1R control of Gα13 protein-dependent modulation of the tubulin cytoskeleton, mitochondrial trafficking and neurite outgrowth in axons of adult sensory neurons. This novel pathway could be harnessed to treat dying-back neuropathies since anti-muscarinic drugs are currently utilized for other clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad G Sabbir
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Nigel A Calcutt
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Paul Fernyhough
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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409
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Multiplexed profiling of GPCR activities by combining split TEV assays and EXT-based barcoded readouts. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8137. [PMID: 29802268 PMCID: PMC5970223 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26401-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest class of cell surface receptors and are implicated in the physiological regulation of many biological processes. The high diversity of GPCRs and their physiological functions make them primary targets for therapeutic drugs. For the generation of novel compounds, however, selectivity towards a given target is a critical issue in drug development as structural similarities between members of GPCR subfamilies exist. Therefore, the activities of multiple GPCRs that are both closely and distantly related to assess compound selectivity need to be tested simultaneously. Here, we present a cell-based multiplexed GPCR activity assay, termed GPCRprofiler, which uses a β-arrestin recruitment strategy and combines split TEV protein-protein interaction and EXT-based barcode technologies. This approach enables simultaneous measurements of receptor activities of multiple GPCR-ligand combinations by applying massively parallelized reporter assays. In proof-of-principle experiments covering 19 different GPCRs, both the specificity of endogenous agonists and the polypharmacological effects of two known antipsychotics on GPCR activities were demonstrated. Technically, normalization of barcode reporters across individual assays allows quantitative pharmacological assays in a parallelized manner. In summary, the GPCRprofiler technique constitutes a flexible and scalable approach, which enables simultaneous profiling of compound actions on multiple receptor activities in living cells.
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410
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Optical functionalization of human Class A orphan G-protein-coupled receptors. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1950. [PMID: 29769519 PMCID: PMC5956105 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04342-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) form the largest receptor family, relay environmental stimuli to changes in cell behavior and represent prime drug targets. Many GPCRs are classified as orphan receptors because of the limited knowledge on their ligands and coupling to cellular signaling machineries. Here, we engineer a library of 63 chimeric receptors that contain the signaling domains of human orphan and understudied GPCRs functionally linked to the light-sensing domain of rhodopsin. Upon stimulation with visible light, we identify activation of canonical cell signaling pathways, including cAMP-, Ca2+-, MAPK/ERK-, and Rho-dependent pathways, downstream of the engineered receptors. For the human pseudogene GPR33, we resurrect a signaling function that supports its hypothesized role as a pathogen entry site. These results demonstrate that substituting unknown chemical activators with a light switch can reveal information about protein function and provide an optically controlled protein library for exploring the physiology and therapeutic potential of understudied GPCRs. G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent the largest receptor family and are prime drug targets, but many orphan GPCRs are poorly characterized. Here authors engineer human orphan GPCRs to be activated by light which allows studying the receptors ligand identity and downstream signaling.
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411
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Engineering Synthetic Signaling Pathways with Programmable dCas9-Based Chimeric Receptors. Cell Rep 2018; 20:2639-2653. [PMID: 28903044 PMCID: PMC5608971 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic receptors provide a powerful experimental tool for generation of designer cells capable of monitoring the environment, sensing specific input signals, and executing diverse custom response programs. To advance the promise of cellular engineering, we have developed a class of chimeric receptors that integrate a highly programmable and portable nuclease-deficient CRISPR/Cas9 (dCas9) signal transduction module. We demonstrate that the core dCas9 synthetic receptor (dCas9-synR) architecture can be readily adapted to various classes of native ectodomain scaffolds, linking their natural inputs with orthogonal output functions. Importantly, these receptors achieved stringent OFF/ON state transition characteristics, showed agonist-mediated dose-dependent activation, and could be programmed to couple specific disease markers with diverse, therapeutically relevant multi-gene expression circuits. The modular dCas9-synR platform developed here provides a generalizable blueprint for designing next generations of synthetic receptors, which will enable the implementation of highly complex combinatorial functions in cellular engineering.
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412
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Lensing CJ, Freeman KT, Schnell SM, Speth RC, Zarth AT, Haskell-Luevano C. Developing a Biased Unmatched Bivalent Ligand (BUmBL) Design Strategy to Target the GPCR Homodimer Allosteric Signaling (cAMP over β-Arrestin 2 Recruitment) Within the Melanocortin Receptors. J Med Chem 2018; 62:144-158. [PMID: 29669202 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the functional relevance of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) homodimerization has been limited by the insufficient tools to assess asymmetric signaling occurring within dimers comprised of the same receptor type. We present unmatched bivalent ligands (UmBLs) to study the asymmetric function of melanocortin homodimers. UmBLs contain one agonist and one antagonist pharmacophore designed to target a melanocortin homodimer such that one receptor is occupied by an agonist and the other receptor by an antagonist pharmacophore. First-in-class biased UmBLs (BUmBLs) targeting the human melanocortin-4 receptor (hMC4R) were discovered. The BUmBLs displayed biased agonism by potently stimulating cAMP signaling (EC50 ∼ 2-6 nM) but minimally activating the β-arrestin recruitment pathway (≤55% maximum signal at 10 μM). To our knowledge, we report the first single-compound strategy to pharmacologically target melanocortin receptor allosteric signaling that occurs between homodimers that can be applied straightforwardly in vitro and in vivo to other GPCR systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody J Lensing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Translational Neuroscience , University of Minnesota , 308 Harvard Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Katie T Freeman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Translational Neuroscience , University of Minnesota , 308 Harvard Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Sathya M Schnell
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Translational Neuroscience , University of Minnesota , 308 Harvard Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Robert C Speth
- College of Pharmacy , Nova Southeastern University , Fort Lauderdale , Florida 33328-2018 , United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology , Georgetown University , Washington, D.C. 20057 , United States
| | - Adam T Zarth
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Translational Neuroscience , University of Minnesota , 308 Harvard Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States.,Masonic Cancer Center , University of Minnesota , 2231 Sixth Street SE, 2-210 CCRB , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Carrie Haskell-Luevano
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Translational Neuroscience , University of Minnesota , 308 Harvard Street SE , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
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413
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Comess KM, McLoughlin SM, Oyer JA, Richardson PL, Stöckmann H, Vasudevan A, Warder SE. Emerging Approaches for the Identification of Protein Targets of Small Molecules - A Practitioners’ Perspective. J Med Chem 2018; 61:8504-8535. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M. Comess
- AbbVie Inc., 1 Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-1802, United States
| | - Shaun M. McLoughlin
- AbbVie Inc., 1 Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-1802, United States
| | - Jon A. Oyer
- AbbVie Inc., 1 Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-1802, United States
| | - Paul L. Richardson
- AbbVie Inc., 1 Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-1802, United States
| | - Henning Stöckmann
- AbbVie Inc., 1 Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-1802, United States
| | - Anil Vasudevan
- AbbVie Inc., 1 Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-1802, United States
| | - Scott E. Warder
- AbbVie Inc., 1 Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064-1802, United States
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414
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Oprea TI, Bologa CG, Brunak S, Campbell A, Gan GN, Gaulton A, Gomez SM, Guha R, Hersey A, Holmes J, Jadhav A, Jensen LJ, Johnson GL, Karlson A, Leach AR, Ma’ayan A, Malovannaya A, Mani S, Mathias SL, McManus MT, Meehan TF, von Mering C, Muthas D, Nguyen DT, Overington JP, Papadatos G, Qin J, Reich C, Roth BL, Schürer SC, Simeonov A, Sklar LA, Southall N, Tomita S, Tudose I, Ursu O, Vidovic D, Waller A, Westergaard D, Yang JJ, Zahoránszky-Köhalmi G. Unexplored therapeutic opportunities in the human genome. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2018; 17:317-332. [PMID: 29472638 PMCID: PMC6339563 DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2018.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A large proportion of biomedical research and the development of therapeutics is focused on a small fraction of the human genome. In a strategic effort to map the knowledge gaps around proteins encoded by the human genome and to promote the exploration of currently understudied, but potentially druggable, proteins, the US National Institutes of Health launched the Illuminating the Druggable Genome (IDG) initiative in 2014. In this article, we discuss how the systematic collection and processing of a wide array of genomic, proteomic, chemical and disease-related resource data by the IDG Knowledge Management Center have enabled the development of evidence-based criteria for tracking the target development level (TDL) of human proteins, which indicates a substantial knowledge deficit for approximately one out of three proteins in the human proteome. We then present spotlights on the TDL categories as well as key drug target classes, including G protein-coupled receptors, protein kinases and ion channels, which illustrate the nature of the unexplored opportunities for biomedical research and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tudor I. Oprea
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cristian G. Bologa
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Anna Gaulton
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shawn M. Gomez
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rajarshi Guha
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Anne Hersey
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jayme Holmes
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Ajit Jadhav
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Lars Juhl Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gary L. Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Anneli Karlson
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Present addresses: SciBite Limited, BioData Innovation Centre, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew R. Leach
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Avi Ma’ayan
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Subramani Mani
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Stephen L. Mathias
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | - Terrence F. Meehan
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Daniel Muthas
- Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca R&D Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Dac-Trung Nguyen
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - John P. Overington
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Medicines Discovery Catapult, Alderley Edge, UK
| | - George Papadatos
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK
| | - Jun Qin
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Bryan L. Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Stephan C. Schürer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Anton Simeonov
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Larry A. Sklar
- UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Center for Molecular Discovery, University of New Mexico Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Noel Southall
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Susumu Tomita
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ilinca Tudose
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- Google Germany GmbH, München, Germany
| | - Oleg Ursu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Dušica Vidovic
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Anna Waller
- Center for Molecular Discovery, University of New Mexico Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - David Westergaard
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jeremy J. Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Gergely Zahoránszky-Köhalmi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
- NIH-NCATS, Rockville, MD, USA
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415
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416
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Sassano MF, Davis ES, Keating JE, Zorn BT, Kochar TK, Wolfgang MC, Glish GL, Tarran R. Evaluation of e-liquid toxicity using an open-source high-throughput screening assay. PLoS Biol 2018; 16:e2003904. [PMID: 29584716 PMCID: PMC5870948 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2003904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The e-liquids used in electronic cigarettes (E-cigs) consist of propylene glycol (PG), vegetable glycerin (VG), nicotine, and chemical additives for flavoring. There are currently over 7,700 e-liquid flavors available, and while some have been tested for toxicity in the laboratory, most have not. Here, we developed a 3-phase, 384-well, plate-based, high-throughput screening (HTS) assay to rapidly triage and validate the toxicity of multiple e-liquids. Our data demonstrated that the PG/VG vehicle adversely affected cell viability and that a large number of e-liquids were more toxic than PG/VG. We also performed gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis on all tested e-liquids. Subsequent nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis revealed that e-liquids are an extremely heterogeneous group. Furthermore, these data indicated that (i) the more chemicals contained in an e-liquid, the more toxic it was likely to be and (ii) the presence of vanillin was associated with higher toxicity values. Further analysis of common constituents by electron ionization revealed that the concentration of cinnamaldehyde and vanillin, but not triacetin, correlated with toxicity. We have also developed a publicly available searchable website (www.eliquidinfo.org). Given the large numbers of available e-liquids, this website will serve as a resource to facilitate dissemination of this information. Our data suggest that an HTS approach to evaluate the toxicity of multiple e-liquids is feasible. Such an approach may serve as a roadmap to enable bodies such as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to better regulate e-liquid composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Flori Sassano
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Eric S. Davis
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - James E. Keating
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Bryan T. Zorn
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Tavleen K. Kochar
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Matthew C. Wolfgang
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Gary L. Glish
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Robert Tarran
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- * E-mail:
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417
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Abstract
Introduction: Providing clinicians with an easy to grasp and understandable representation of pharmacology is important to allow optimal clinical decisions to be made. Two of the most clinically relevant dimensions are receptor binding affinity and functional activity. The binding affinity for an agonist is described by the dissociation constant (KA), and an antagonist by the inhibition constant (Ki). Functionally, medications can act as superagonists, agonists, partial agonists, antagonists, partial inverse agonists, or inverse agonists at several receptor sites, transporters, or ion channels. Comprehending the differences between agents is complicated by the number and types of binding sites. Methods: Binding and functional data are obtained from primary literature, product labels, human cloned receptor binding, and other sources. Binding affinities are converted into ratios relative to the putative primary receptor for that category of agent. Antipsychotic binding is referenced to dopamine type 2 long (D2L) receptor binding. Binding affinity ratios (BARs) generate a 6-spoked diagram, with D2L as the hub. The most avidly bound sites are the spokes, and the disk diameter represents the BAR. Where functional data are available, they are shown as a pie chart shading the binding site's disk. Results: Binding and function diagrams are shown for the antipsychotics where binding data are available and are compared to previous methods of pharmacologic comparisons of antipsychotics. Discussion: Use of graphic models of psychotropic pharmacology improves clinician comprehension and may serve as an aid to improve rational therapeutics and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R Saklad
- Clinical Professor and Director of Psychiatric Pharmacy, Pharmacotherapy Division, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, San Antonio, Texas,
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418
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Cheng R, Mori W, Ma L, Alhouayek M, Hatori A, Zhang Y, Ogasawara D, Yuan G, Chen Z, Zhang X, Shi H, Yamasaki T, Xie L, Kumata K, Fujinaga M, Nagai Y, Minamimoto T, Svensson M, Wang L, Du Y, Ondrechen MJ, Vasdev N, Cravatt BF, Fowler C, Zhang MR, Liang SH. In Vitro and in Vivo Evaluation of 11C-Labeled Azetidinecarboxylates for Imaging Monoacylglycerol Lipase by PET Imaging Studies. J Med Chem 2018; 61:2278-2291. [PMID: 29481079 PMCID: PMC5966020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) is the principle enzyme for metabolizing endogenous cannabinoid ligand 2-arachidonoyglycerol (2-AG). Blockade of MAGL increases 2-AG levels, resulting in subsequent activation of the endocannabinoid system, and has emerged as a novel therapeutic strategy to treat drug addiction, inflammation, and neurodegenerative diseases. Herein we report a new series of MAGL inhibitors, which were radiolabeled by site-specific labeling technologies, including 11C-carbonylation and spirocyclic iodonium ylide (SCIDY) radiofluorination. The lead compound [11C]10 (MAGL-0519) demonstrated high specific binding and selectivity in vitro and in vivo. We also observed unexpected washout kinetics with these irreversible radiotracers, in which in vivo evidence for turnover of the covalent residue was unveiled between MAGL and azetidine carboxylates. This work may lead to new directions for drug discovery and PET tracer development based on azetidine carboxylate inhibitor scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Cheng
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wakana Mori
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Longle Ma
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Mireille Alhouayek
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Akiko Hatori
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yiding Zhang
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ogasawara
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, SR107 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Gengyang Yuan
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Zhen Chen
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Hang Shi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Katsushi Kumata
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujinaga
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yuji Nagai
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Takafumi Minamimoto
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Mona Svensson
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lu Wang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Yunfei Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Mary Jo Ondrechen
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Neil Vasdev
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Benjamin F. Cravatt
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, SR107 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Christopher Fowler
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Steven H. Liang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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419
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Wan Q, Okashah N, Inoue A, Nehmé R, Carpenter B, Tate CG, Lambert NA. Mini G protein probes for active G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in live cells. J Biol Chem 2018. [PMID: 29523687 PMCID: PMC5949987 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.001975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) are key signaling proteins that regulate nearly every aspect of cell function. Studies of GPCRs have benefited greatly from the development of molecular tools to monitor receptor activation and downstream signaling. Here, we show that mini G proteins are robust probes that can be used in a variety of assay formats to report GPCR activity in living cells. Mini G (mG) proteins are engineered GTPase domains of Gα subunits that were developed for structural studies of active-state GPCRs. Confocal imaging revealed that mG proteins fused to fluorescent proteins were located diffusely in the cytoplasm and translocated to sites of receptor activation at the cell surface and at intracellular organelles. Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) assays with mG proteins fused to either a fluorescent protein or luciferase reported agonist, superagonist, and inverse agonist activities. Variants of mG proteins (mGs, mGsi, mGsq, and mG12) corresponding to the four families of Gα subunits displayed appropriate coupling to their cognate GPCRs, allowing quantitative profiling of subtype-specific coupling to individual receptors. BRET between luciferase–mG fusion proteins and fluorescent markers indicated the presence of active GPCRs at the plasma membrane, Golgi apparatus, and endosomes. Complementation assays with fragments of NanoLuc luciferase fused to GPCRs and mG proteins reported constitutive receptor activity and agonist-induced activation with up to 20-fold increases in luminescence. We conclude that mG proteins are versatile tools for studying GPCR activation and coupling specificity in cells and should be useful for discovering and characterizing G protein subtype–biased ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwen Wan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912
| | - Najeah Okashah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
| | - Rony Nehmé
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB20QH, United Kingdom
| | - Byron Carpenter
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB20QH, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nevin A Lambert
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912.
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420
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Identification of natural products as novel ligands for the human 5-HT 2C receptor. BIOPHYSICS REPORTS 2018; 4:50-61. [PMID: 29577069 PMCID: PMC5860131 DOI: 10.1007/s41048-018-0047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest human protein family with over 800 members, which are implicated in many important medical conditions. Serotonin receptors belong to the aminergic GPCR subfamily and play important roles in physiological and psychological activities. Structural biology studies have revealed the structures of many GPCRs in atomic details and provide the basis for the identification and investigation of the potential ligands, which interact with and modulate the receptors. Here, an integrative approach combining a focused target-specific natural compound library, a thermal-shift-based screening method, affinity mass spectrometry, molecular docking, and in vitro as well as in vivo functional assay, was applied to identify (–)-crebanine and several other aporphine alkaloids as initial hits for a human serotonin receptor subtype, the 5-HT2C receptor. Further studies illuminated key features of their binding affinity, downstream signaling and tissue reaction, providing a molecular explanation for the interaction between (–)-crebanine and human 5-HT2C receptor.
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421
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Ackerman SD, Luo R, Poitelon Y, Mogha A, Harty BL, D'Rozario M, Sanchez NE, Lakkaraju AKK, Gamble P, Li J, Qu J, MacEwan MR, Ray WZ, Aguzzi A, Feltri ML, Piao X, Monk KR. GPR56/ADGRG1 regulates development and maintenance of peripheral myelin. J Exp Med 2018; 215:941-961. [PMID: 29367382 PMCID: PMC5839751 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20161714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelin is a multilamellar sheath generated by specialized glia called Schwann cells (SCs) in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which serves to protect and insulate axons for rapid neuronal signaling. In zebrafish and rodent models, we identify GPR56/ADGRG1 as a conserved regulator of PNS development and health. We demonstrate that, during SC development, GPR56-dependent RhoA signaling promotes timely radial sorting of axons. In the mature PNS, GPR56 is localized to distinct SC cytoplasmic domains, is required to establish proper myelin thickness, and facilitates organization of the myelin sheath. Furthermore, we define plectin-a scaffolding protein previously linked to SC domain organization, myelin maintenance, and a series of disorders termed "plectinopathies"-as a novel interacting partner of GPR56. Finally, we show that Gpr56 mutants develop progressive neuropathy-like symptoms, suggesting an underlying mechanism for peripheral defects in some human patients with GPR56 mutations. In sum, we define Gpr56 as a new regulator in the development and maintenance of peripheral myelin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah D Ackerman
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Rong Luo
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Yannick Poitelon
- Departments of Biochemistry and Neurology, Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Amit Mogha
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Breanne L Harty
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Mitchell D'Rozario
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Nicholas E Sanchez
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Paul Gamble
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY
| | - Jun Qu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY
| | - Matthew R MacEwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Wilson Zachary Ray
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Adriano Aguzzi
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M Laura Feltri
- Departments of Biochemistry and Neurology, Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Xianhua Piao
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kelly R Monk
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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422
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Zhang Q, Zheng YW, Coughlin SR, Shu X. A rapid fluorogenic GPCR-β-arrestin interaction assay. Protein Sci 2018; 27:874-879. [PMID: 29411438 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Detection of protein-protein interactions involved in signal transduction in live cells and organisms has a variety of important applications. We report a fluorogenic assay for G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-β-arrestin interaction that is genetically encoded, generalizes to multiple GPCRs, and features high signal-to-noise because fluorescence is absent until its components interact upon GPCR activation. Fluorescence after protease-activated receptor-1 activation developed in minutes and required specific serine-threonine residues in the receptor carboxyl tail, consistent with a classical G protein-coupled receptor kinase dependent β-arrestin recruitment mechanism. This assay provides a useful complement to other in vivo assays of GPCR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Yao-Wu Zheng
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Shaun R Coughlin
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Xiaokun Shu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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423
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The G protein-coupled receptors deorphanization landscape. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 153:62-74. [PMID: 29454621 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are usually highlighted as being both the largest family of membrane proteins and the most productive source of drug targets. However, most of the GPCRs are understudied and hence cannot be used immediately for innovative therapeutic strategies. Besides, there are still around 100 orphan receptors, with no described endogenous ligand and no clearly defined function. The race to discover new ligands for these elusive receptors seems to be less intense than before. Here, we present an update of the various strategies employed to assign a function to these receptors and to discover new ligands. We focus on the recent advances in the identification of endogenous ligands with a detailed description of newly deorphanized receptors. Replication being a key parameter in these endeavors, we also discuss the latest controversies about problematic ligand-receptor pairings. In this context, we propose several recommendations in order to strengthen the reporting of new ligand-receptor pairs.
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424
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Gao X, Albee LJ, Volkman BF, Gaponenko V, Majetschak M. Asymmetrical ligand-induced cross-regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 by α 1-adrenergic receptors at the heteromeric receptor complex. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2730. [PMID: 29426850 PMCID: PMC5807542 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21096-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, we reported that chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor (CXCR)4 and atypical chemokine receptor 3 regulate α1-adrenergic receptors (α1-AR) through the formation of hetero-oligomeric complexes. Whether α1-ARs also regulate chemokine receptor function within such heteromeric receptor complexes is unknown. We observed that activation of α1b-AR within the α1b-AR:CXCR4 heteromeric complex leads to cross-recruitment of β-arrestin2 to CXCR4, which could not be inhibited with AMD3100. Activation of CXCR4 did not cross-recruit β-arrestin2 to α1b-AR. A peptide analogue of transmembrane domain 2 of CXCR4 interfered with α1b-AR:CXCR4 heteromerization and inhibited α1b-AR-mediated β-arrestin2 cross-recruitment. Phenylephrine (PE) induced internalization of CXCR4 in HEK293 cells co-expressing CXCR4 and α1b-AR and of endogenous CXCR4 in human vascular smooth muscle cells (hVSMC). The latter was detectable despite blockade of CXCR4 with the neutralizing antibody 12G5. hVSMC migrated towards CXCL12 and PE, but not towards a combination of CXCL12 and PE. PE inhibited CXCL12-induced chemotaxis of hVSMC (IC50: 77 ± 30 nM). Phentolamine cross-inhibited CXCL12-induced chemotaxis of hVSMC, whereas AMD3100 did not cross-inhibit PE-induced chemotaxis. These data provide evidence for asymmetrical cross-regulation of CXCR4 by α1-adrenergic receptors within the heteromeric receptor complex. Our findings provide mechanistic insights into the function of α1-AR:CXCR4 heteromers and suggest alternative approaches to modulate CXCR4 in disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlong Gao
- Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, 60153, USA
| | - Lauren J Albee
- Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, 60153, USA
| | - Brian F Volkman
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA
| | - Vadim Gaponenko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60607, USA
| | - Matthias Majetschak
- Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, 60153, USA. .,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, 60153, USA.
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425
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Boule LA, Ju C, Agudelo M, Parira T, Cannon A, Davis B, Eby J, Cresci G, Samuelson DR, Shukla P, Alrefai WA, Sureshchandra S, Pandey SC, Schnabl B, Curtis BJ, Wyatt TA, Choudhry MA, Kovacs EJ. Summary of the 2016 Alcohol and Immunology Research Interest Group (AIRIG) meeting. Alcohol 2018; 66:35-43. [PMID: 29127885 PMCID: PMC5743588 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
On November 18, 2016 the 21st annual Alcohol and Immunology Research Interest Group (AIRIG) meeting was held at the Center for Translational Research and Education at Loyola University Chicago's Health Sciences Campus in Maywood, IL. The 2016 meeting focused broadly on alcohol and inflammation, epigenetics, and the microbiome. The four plenary sessions of the meeting were Alcohol, Inflammation, and Immunity; Alcohol and Epigenetics; Alcohol, Transcriptional Regulation, and Epigenetics; and Alcohol, Intestinal Mucosa, and the Gut Microbiome. Presentations in all sessions of the meeting explored putative underlying causes for chronic diseases and mortality associated with alcohol consumption, shedding light on future work and potential therapeutic targets to alleviate the negative effects of alcohol misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisbeth A Boule
- Alcohol Research Program, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Cynthia Ju
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marisela Agudelo
- Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Tiyash Parira
- Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Abigail Cannon
- Burn & Shock Trauma Research Institute, Alcohol Research Program, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Booker Davis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jonathan Eby
- Burn & Shock Trauma Research Institute, Alcohol Research Program, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Gail Cresci
- Pediatric Research Center and Departments of Gastroenterology/Hepatology/Nutrition and Pathobiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Derrick R Samuelson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Pradeep Shukla
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Waddah A Alrefai
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, & Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Suhas Sureshchandra
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Subhash C Pandey
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago & Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bernd Schnabl
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Brenda J Curtis
- Alcohol Research Program, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Todd A Wyatt
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Mashkoor A Choudhry
- Burn & Shock Trauma Research Institute, Alcohol Research Program, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Kovacs
- Alcohol Research Program, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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426
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Ku AF, Cuny GD. Discovery of 7-hydroxyaporphines as conformationally restricted ligands for beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptors. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:353-356. [PMID: 30108929 PMCID: PMC6083790 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00656j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of (-)-nornuciferidine derivatives was synthesized and the non-natural enantiomer of the aporphine alkaloid was discovered to be a potent β1- and β2-adrenergic receptor ligand that antagonized isoproterenol and procaterol induced cyclic AMP increases from adenylyl cyclase, respectively. Progressive deconstruction of the tetracyclic scaffold to less complex cyclic and acyclic analogues revealed that the conformationally restricted (6a-R,7-R)-7-hydroxyaporphine 2 (AK-2-202) was necessary for efficient receptor binding and antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela F Ku
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Houston , Science and Research Building 2 , Houston , Texas 77204 , USA .
| | - Gregory D Cuny
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Houston , Science and Research Building 2 , Houston , Texas 77204 , USA .
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427
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Peng Y, McCorvy JD, Harpsøe K, Lansu K, Yuan S, Popov P, Qu L, Pu M, Che T, Nikolajsen LF, Huang XP, Wu Y, Shen L, Bjørn-Yoshimoto WE, Ding K, Wacker D, Han GW, Cheng J, Katritch V, Jensen AA, Hanson MA, Zhao S, Gloriam DE, Roth BL, Stevens RC, Liu ZJ. 5-HT 2C Receptor Structures Reveal the Structural Basis of GPCR Polypharmacology. Cell 2018; 172:719-730.e14. [PMID: 29398112 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Drugs frequently require interactions with multiple targets-via a process known as polypharmacology-to achieve their therapeutic actions. Currently, drugs targeting several serotonin receptors, including the 5-HT2C receptor, are useful for treating obesity, drug abuse, and schizophrenia. The competing challenges of developing selective 5-HT2C receptor ligands or creating drugs with a defined polypharmacological profile, especially aimed at G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), remain extremely difficult. Here, we solved two structures of the 5-HT2C receptor in complex with the highly promiscuous agonist ergotamine and the 5-HT2A-C receptor-selective inverse agonist ritanserin at resolutions of 3.0 Å and 2.7 Å, respectively. We analyzed their respective binding poses to provide mechanistic insights into their receptor recognition and opposing pharmacological actions. This study investigates the structural basis of polypharmacology at canonical GPCRs and illustrates how understanding characteristic patterns of ligand-receptor interaction and activation may ultimately facilitate drug design at multiple GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Peng
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - John D McCorvy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Kasper Harpsøe
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katherine Lansu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Shuguang Yuan
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Polymers and Membranes, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH B3 495 (Bâtiment CH) Station 6, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Petr Popov
- Departments of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, Bridge Institute, Michelson Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Lu Qu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Mengchen Pu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Tao Che
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Louise F Nikolajsen
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Yiran Wu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ling Shen
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Walden E Bjørn-Yoshimoto
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kang Ding
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Daniel Wacker
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Gye Won Han
- Departments of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, Bridge Institute, Michelson Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Vsevolod Katritch
- Departments of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, Bridge Institute, Michelson Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Anders A Jensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Suwen Zhao
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - David E Gloriam
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Raymond C Stevens
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; Departments of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, Bridge Institute, Michelson Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Zhi-Jie Liu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
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428
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429
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20-HETE promotes glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in an autocrine manner through FFAR1. Nat Commun 2018; 9:177. [PMID: 29330456 PMCID: PMC5766607 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02539-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The long-chain fatty acid receptor FFAR1 is highly expressed in pancreatic β-cells. Synthetic FFAR1 agonists can be used as antidiabetic drugs to promote glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). However, the physiological role of FFAR1 in β-cells remains poorly understood. Here we show that 20-HETE activates FFAR1 and promotes GSIS via FFAR1 with higher potency and efficacy than dietary fatty acids such as palmitic, linoleic, and α-linolenic acid. Murine and human β-cells produce 20-HETE, and the ω-hydroxylase-mediated formation and release of 20-HETE is strongly stimulated by glucose. Pharmacological inhibition of 20-HETE formation and blockade of FFAR1 in islets inhibits GSIS. In islets from type-2 diabetic humans and mice, glucose-stimulated 20-HETE formation and 20-HETE-dependent stimulation of GSIS are strongly reduced. We show that 20-HETE is an FFAR1 agonist, which functions as an autocrine positive feed-forward regulator of GSIS, and that a reduced glucose-induced 20-HETE formation contributes to inefficient GSIS in type-2 diabetes. FFAR1 receptor is highly expressed in beta cells and its activation has been suggested as therapy against type-2 diabetes. Here, Tunaru et al. show that 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, produced within the islets upon glucose stimulation, acts in an autocrine manner to stimulate insulin secretion via FFAR1 activation.
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430
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Che T, Majumdar S, Zaidi SA, Ondachi P, McCorvy JD, Wang S, Mosier PD, Uprety R, Vardy E, Krumm BE, Han GW, Lee MY, Pardon E, Steyaert J, Huang XP, Strachan RT, Tribo AR, Pasternak GW, Carroll FI, Stevens RC, Cherezov V, Katritch V, Wacker D, Roth BL. Structure of the Nanobody-Stabilized Active State of the Kappa Opioid Receptor. Cell 2018; 172:55-67.e15. [PMID: 29307491 PMCID: PMC5802374 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The κ-opioid receptor (KOP) mediates the actions of opioids with hallucinogenic, dysphoric, and analgesic activities. The design of KOP analgesics devoid of hallucinatory and dysphoric effects has been hindered by an incomplete structural and mechanistic understanding of KOP agonist actions. Here, we provide a crystal structure of human KOP in complex with the potent epoxymorphinan opioid agonist MP1104 and an active-state-stabilizing nanobody. Comparisons between inactive- and active-state opioid receptor structures reveal substantial conformational changes in the binding pocket and intracellular and extracellular regions. Extensive structural analysis and experimental validation illuminate key residues that propagate larger-scale structural rearrangements and transducer binding that, collectively, elucidate the structural determinants of KOP pharmacology, function, and biased signaling. These molecular insights promise to accelerate the structure-guided design of safer and more effective κ-opioid receptor therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Che
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Molecular Pharmacology Program and Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Saheem A Zaidi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Pauline Ondachi
- Center for Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - John D McCorvy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Philip D Mosier
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonweath University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- Molecular Pharmacology Program and Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Eyal Vardy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Brian E Krumm
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Gye Won Han
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Ming-Yue Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; School of Molecular Sciences, Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; Institute of Natural Resources and Environmental Audits, Nanjing Audit University, Nanjing, China
| | - Els Pardon
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jan Steyaert
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ryan T Strachan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alexandra R Tribo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Gavril W Pasternak
- Molecular Pharmacology Program and Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - F Ivy Carroll
- Center for Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Raymond C Stevens
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Vadim Cherezov
- Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Vsevolod Katritch
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Chemistry, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Daniel Wacker
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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431
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Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest class of receptors in the human genome and some of the most common drug targets. It is now well established that GPCRs can signal through multiple transducers, including heterotrimeric G proteins, GPCR kinases and β-arrestins. While these signalling pathways can be activated or blocked by 'balanced' agonists or antagonists, they can also be selectively activated in a 'biased' response. Biased responses can be induced by biased ligands, biased receptors or system bias, any of which can result in preferential signalling through G proteins or β-arrestins. At many GPCRs, signalling events mediated by G proteins and β-arrestins have been shown to have distinct biochemical and physiological actions from one another, and an accurate evaluation of biased signalling from pharmacology through physiology is crucial for preclinical drug development. Recent structural studies have provided snapshots of GPCR-transducer complexes, which should aid in the structure-based design of novel biased therapies. Our understanding of GPCRs has evolved from that of two-state, on-and-off switches to that of multistate allosteric microprocessors, in which biased ligands transmit distinct structural information that is processed into distinct biological outputs. The development of biased ligands as therapeutics heralds an era of increased drug efficacy with reduced drug side effects.
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432
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Kipniss NH, Dingal PCDP, Abbott TR, Gao Y, Wang H, Dominguez AA, Labanieh L, Qi LS. Engineering cell sensing and responses using a GPCR-coupled CRISPR-Cas system. Nat Commun 2017; 8:2212. [PMID: 29263378 PMCID: PMC5738360 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02075-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest and most diverse group of membrane receptors in eukaryotes and detect a wide array of cues in the human body. Here we describe a molecular device that couples CRISPR-dCas9 genome regulation to diverse natural and synthetic extracellular signals via GPCRs. We generate alternative architectures for fusing CRISPR to GPCRs utilizing the previously reported design, Tango, and our design, ChaCha. Mathematical modeling suggests that for the CRISPR ChaCha design, multiple dCas9 molecules can be released across the lifetime of a GPCR. The CRISPR ChaCha is dose-dependent, reversible, and can activate multiple endogenous genes simultaneously in response to extracellular ligands. We adopt the design to diverse GPCRs that sense a broad spectrum of ligands, including synthetic compounds, chemokines, mitogens, fatty acids, and hormones. This toolkit of CRISPR-coupled GPCRs provides a modular platform for rewiring diverse ligand sensing to targeted genome regulation for engineering cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan H Kipniss
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - P C Dave P Dingal
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Timothy R Abbott
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Yuchen Gao
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | | | - Louai Labanieh
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Lei S Qi
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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433
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Engineering cell signaling using tunable CRISPR-Cpf1-based transcription factors. Nat Commun 2017; 8:2095. [PMID: 29235474 PMCID: PMC5727435 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02265-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalytically dead Cpf1 endonuclease from Acidaminococcus sp. BV3L6 (dAsCpf1) has been used to construct effective transcriptional repressors in bacteria and plants. However, it is still unclear if dAsCpf1 can function in human cells as a transcriptional regulator or a signal conductor. Here, we repurpose the dAsCpf1 system in human cells for a variety of functions, including the activation or repression of gene transcription. Moreover, we construct programmable ligand-controlled dAsCpf1 systems either by coupling crRNAs with engineered riboswitches or by fusing dAsCpf1 proteins with G protein-coupled receptors. These generalizable approaches allow us to regulate the transcription of endogenous genes in response to diverse classes of ligands, thus constructing artificial signaling pathways with rewired cellular input–output behaviors. The systems exhibit signal amplification, an important feature in cell signaling, when multiple crRNAs are processed from a single transcript. The results provide a robust and efficient platform for engineering customized cell signaling circuits. Cpf1 has been repurposed as a transcriptional repressor in bacteria and plants. Here, the authors construct activators and repressors in human cells using Cpf1 coupled to riboswitches and GPCRs.
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434
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Structure-inspired design of β-arrestin-biased ligands for aminergic GPCRs. Nat Chem Biol 2017; 14:126-134. [PMID: 29227473 PMCID: PMC5771956 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Development of biased ligands targeting G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is a promising approach for current drug discovery. Although structure-based drug design of biased agonists remains challenging even with an abundance of GPCR crystal structures, we present an approach for translating GPCR structural data into β-arrestin-biased ligands for aminergic GPCRs. We identified specific amino acid-ligand contacts at transmembrane helix 5 (TM5) and extracellular loop 2 (EL2) responsible for Gi/o and β-arrestin signaling, respectively, and targeted those residues to develop biased ligands. For these ligands, we found that bias is conserved at other aminergic GPCRs that retain similar residues at TM5 and EL2. Our approach provides a template for generating arrestin-biased ligands by modifying predicted ligand interactions that block TM5 interactions and promote EL2 interactions. This strategy could facilitate the structure-guided design of arrestin-biased ligands at other GPCRs, including polypharmacological biased ligands.
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435
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Kim MW, Wang W, Sanchez MI, Coukos R, von Zastrow M, Ting AY. Time-gated detection of protein-protein interactions with transcriptional readout. eLife 2017; 6:e30233. [PMID: 29189201 PMCID: PMC5708895 DOI: 10.7554/elife.30233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional assays, such as yeast two-hybrid and TANGO, that convert transient protein-protein interactions (PPIs) into stable expression of transgenes are powerful tools for PPI discovery, screens, and analysis of cell populations. However, such assays often have high background and lose information about PPI dynamics. We have developed SPARK (Specific Protein Association tool giving transcriptional Readout with rapid Kinetics), in which proteolytic release of a membrane-tethered transcription factor (TF) requires both a PPI to deliver a protease proximal to its cleavage peptide and blue light to uncage the cleavage site. SPARK was used to detect 12 different PPIs in mammalian cells, with 5 min temporal resolution and signal ratios up to 37. By shifting the light window, we could reconstruct PPI time-courses. Combined with FACS, SPARK enabled 51 fold enrichment of PPI-positive over PPI-negative cells. Due to its high specificity and sensitivity, SPARK has the potential to advance PPI analysis and discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Woo Kim
- Department of GeneticsStanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Department of GeneticsStanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Mateo I Sanchez
- Department of GeneticsStanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Robert Coukos
- Department of GeneticsStanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
| | - Mark von Zastrow
- Program in Cell BiologyUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Alice Y Ting
- Department of GeneticsStanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Department of BiologyStanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Department of ChemistryStanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Chan Zuckerberg BiohubSan FranciscoUnited States
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436
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Orban T, Leinonen H, Getter T, Dong Z, Sun W, Gao S, Veenstra A, Heidari-Torkabadi H, Kern TS, Kiser PD, Palczewski K. A Combination of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Modulators Protects Photoreceptors from Degeneration. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 364:207-220. [PMID: 29162627 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.245167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Degeneration of retinal photoreceptor cells can arise from environmental and/or genetic causes. Since photoreceptor cells, the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), neurons, and glial cells of the retina are intimately associated, all cell types eventually are affected by retinal degenerative diseases. Such diseases often originate either in rod and/or cone photoreceptor cells or the RPE. Of these, cone cells located in the central retina are especially important for daily human activity. Here we describe the protection of cone cells by a combination therapy consisting of the G protein-coupled receptor modulators metoprolol, tamsulosin, and bromocriptine. These drugs were tested in Abca4-/-Rdh8-/- mice, a preclinical model for retinal degeneration. The specificity of these drugs was determined with an essentially complete panel of human G protein-coupled receptors. Significantly, the combination of metoprolol, tamsulosin, and bromocriptine had no deleterious effects on electroretinographic responses of wild-type mice. Moreover, putative G protein-coupled receptor targets of these drugs were shown to be expressed in human and mouse eyes by RNA sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Liquid chromatography together with mass spectrometry using validated internal standards confirmed that metoprolol, tamsulosin, and bromocriptine individually or together penetrate the eye after either intraperitoneal delivery or oral gavage. Collectively, these findings support human trials with combined therapy composed of lower doses of metoprolol, tamsulosin, and bromocriptine designed to safely impede retinal degeneration associated with certain genetic diseases (e.g., Stargardt disease). The same low-dose combination also could protect the retina against diseases with complex or unknown etiologies such as age-related macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tivadar Orban
- Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (T.O., H.L., T.G., S.G., A.V., H.H.-T., T.S.K., P.D.K., K.P.); Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (T.S.K., P.D.K.); and Polgenix Inc., Cleveland, Ohio (Z.D., W.S.)
| | - Henri Leinonen
- Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (T.O., H.L., T.G., S.G., A.V., H.H.-T., T.S.K., P.D.K., K.P.); Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (T.S.K., P.D.K.); and Polgenix Inc., Cleveland, Ohio (Z.D., W.S.)
| | - Tamar Getter
- Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (T.O., H.L., T.G., S.G., A.V., H.H.-T., T.S.K., P.D.K., K.P.); Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (T.S.K., P.D.K.); and Polgenix Inc., Cleveland, Ohio (Z.D., W.S.)
| | - Zhiqian Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (T.O., H.L., T.G., S.G., A.V., H.H.-T., T.S.K., P.D.K., K.P.); Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (T.S.K., P.D.K.); and Polgenix Inc., Cleveland, Ohio (Z.D., W.S.)
| | - Wenyu Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (T.O., H.L., T.G., S.G., A.V., H.H.-T., T.S.K., P.D.K., K.P.); Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (T.S.K., P.D.K.); and Polgenix Inc., Cleveland, Ohio (Z.D., W.S.)
| | - Songqi Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (T.O., H.L., T.G., S.G., A.V., H.H.-T., T.S.K., P.D.K., K.P.); Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (T.S.K., P.D.K.); and Polgenix Inc., Cleveland, Ohio (Z.D., W.S.)
| | - Alexander Veenstra
- Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (T.O., H.L., T.G., S.G., A.V., H.H.-T., T.S.K., P.D.K., K.P.); Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (T.S.K., P.D.K.); and Polgenix Inc., Cleveland, Ohio (Z.D., W.S.)
| | - Hossein Heidari-Torkabadi
- Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (T.O., H.L., T.G., S.G., A.V., H.H.-T., T.S.K., P.D.K., K.P.); Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (T.S.K., P.D.K.); and Polgenix Inc., Cleveland, Ohio (Z.D., W.S.)
| | - Timothy S Kern
- Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (T.O., H.L., T.G., S.G., A.V., H.H.-T., T.S.K., P.D.K., K.P.); Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (T.S.K., P.D.K.); and Polgenix Inc., Cleveland, Ohio (Z.D., W.S.)
| | - Philip D Kiser
- Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (T.O., H.L., T.G., S.G., A.V., H.H.-T., T.S.K., P.D.K., K.P.); Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (T.S.K., P.D.K.); and Polgenix Inc., Cleveland, Ohio (Z.D., W.S.)
| | - Krzysztof Palczewski
- Department of Pharmacology, Cleveland Center for Membrane and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (T.O., H.L., T.G., S.G., A.V., H.H.-T., T.S.K., P.D.K., K.P.); Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio (T.S.K., P.D.K.); and Polgenix Inc., Cleveland, Ohio (Z.D., W.S.)
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437
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Traub S, Meier DT, Schulze F, Dror E, Nordmann TM, Goetz N, Koch N, Dalmas E, Stawiski M, Makshana V, Thorel F, Herrera PL, Böni-Schnetzler M, Donath MY. Pancreatic α Cell-Derived Glucagon-Related Peptides Are Required for β Cell Adaptation and Glucose Homeostasis. Cell Rep 2017; 18:3192-3203. [PMID: 28355570 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic α cells may process proglucagon not only to glucagon but also to glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). However, the biological relevance of paracrine GLP-1 for β cell function remains unclear. We studied effects of locally derived insulin secretagogues on β cell function and glucose homeostasis using mice with α cell ablation and with α cell-specific GLP-1 deficiency. Normally, intestinal GLP-1 compensates for the lack of α cell-derived GLP-1. However, upon aging and metabolic stress, glucose tolerance is impaired. This was partly rescued with the DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin, but not with glucagon administration. In isolated islets from these mice, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was heavily impaired and exogenous GLP-1 or glucagon rescued insulin secretion. These data highlight the importance of α cell-derived GLP-1 for glucose homeostasis during metabolic stress and may impact on the clinical use of systemic GLP-1 agonists versus stabilizing local α cell-derived GLP-1 by DPP-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Traub
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel T Meier
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Friederike Schulze
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Erez Dror
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thierry M Nordmann
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Goetz
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Norina Koch
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Elise Dalmas
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marc Stawiski
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Valmir Makshana
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Thorel
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Centre facultaire du diabète, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pedro L Herrera
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Centre facultaire du diabète, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marianne Böni-Schnetzler
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marc Y Donath
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
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438
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Huang XP, Che T, Mangano TJ, Le Rouzic V, Pan YX, Majumdar S, Cameron MD, Baumann MH, Pasternak GW, Roth BL. Fentanyl-related designer drugs W-18 and W-15 lack appreciable opioid activity in vitro and in vivo. JCI Insight 2017; 2:97222. [PMID: 29202454 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.97222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
W-18 (4-chloro-N-[1-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl]-2-piperidinylidene]-benzenesulfonamide) and W-15 (4-chloro-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)-2-piperidinylidene]-benzenesulfonamide) represent two emerging drugs of abuse chemically related to the potent opioid agonist fentanyl (N-(1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidinyl)-N-phenylpropanamide). Here, we describe the comprehensive pharmacological profiles of W-18 and W-15, as examination of their structural features predicted that they might lack opioid activity. We found W-18 and W-15 to be without detectible activity at μ, δ, κ, and nociception opioid receptors in a variety of assays. We also tested W-18 and W-15 for activity as allosteric modulators at opioid receptors and found them devoid of significant positive or negative allosteric modulatory activity. Comprehensive profiling at essentially all the druggable GPCRs in the human genome using the PRESTO-Tango platform revealed no significant activity. Weak activity at the sigma receptors and the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor was found for W-18 (Ki = 271 nM). W-18 showed no activity in either the radiant heat tail-flick or the writhing assays and also did not induce classical opioid behaviors. W-18 is extensively metabolized, but its metabolites also lack opioid activity. Thus, although W-18 and W-15 have been suggested to be potent opioid agonists, our results reveal no significant activity at these or other known targets for psychoactive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tao Che
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Thomas J Mangano
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Valerie Le Rouzic
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ying-Xian Pan
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael D Cameron
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Michael H Baumann
- Designer Drug Research Unit, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Gavril W Pasternak
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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439
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Effects of cognate, non-cognate and synthetic CXCR4 and ACKR3 ligands on human lung endothelial cell barrier function. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187949. [PMID: 29125867 PMCID: PMC5681266 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that chemokine CXCL12, the cognate agonist of chemokine receptors CXCR4 and ACKR3, reduces thrombin-mediated impairment of endothelial barrier function. A detailed characterization of the effects of CXCL12 on thrombin-mediated human lung endothelial hyperpermeability is lacking and structure-function correlations are not available. Furthermore, effects of other CXCR4/ACKR3 ligands on lung endothelial barrier function are unknown. Thus, we tested the effects of a panel of CXCR4/ACKR3 ligands (CXCL12, CXCL11, ubiquitin, AMD3100, TC14012) and compared the CXCR4/ACKR3 activities of CXCL12 variants (CXCL12α/β, CXCL12(3–68), CXCL121, CXCL122, CXCL12-S-S4V, CXCL12-R47E, CXCL12-K27A/R41A/R47A) with their effects on human lung endothelial barrier function in permeability assays. CXCL12α enhanced human primary pulmonary artery endothelial cell (hPPAEC) barrier function, whereas CXCL11, ubiquitin, AMD3100 and TC14012 were ineffective. Pre-treatment of hPPAEC with CXCL12α and ubiquitin reduced thrombin-mediated hyperpermeability. CXCL12α-treatment of hPPAEC after thrombin exposure reduced barrier function impairment by 70% (EC50 0.05–0.5nM), which could be antagonized with AMD3100; ubiquitin (0.03–3μM) was ineffective. In a human lung microvascular endothelial cell line (HULEC5a), CXCL12α and ubiquitin post-treatment attenuated thrombin-induced hyperpermeability to a similar degree. CXCL12(3–68) was inefficient to activate CXCR4 in Presto-Tango β-arrestin2 recruitment assays; CXCL12-S-S4V, CXCL12-R47E and CXCL12-K27A/R41A/R47A showed significantly reduced potencies to activate CXCR4. While the potencies of all proteins in ACKR3 Presto-Tango assays were comparable, the efficacy of CXCL12(3–68) to activate ACKR3 was significantly reduced. The potencies to attenuate thrombin-mediated hPPAEC barrier function impairment were: CXCL12α/β, CXCL121, CXCL12-K27A/R41A/R47A > CXCL12-S-S4V, CXCL12-R47E > CXCL122 > CXCL12(3–68). Our findings indicate that CXCR4 activation attenuates thrombin-induced lung endothelial barrier function impairment and suggest that protective effects of CXCL12 are dictated by its CXCR4 agonist activity and interactions of distinct protein moieties with heparan sulfate on the endothelial surface. These data may facilitate development of compounds with improved pharmacological properties to attenuate thrombin-induced vascular leakage in the pulmonary circulation.
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440
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Kono M, Conlon EG, Lux SY, Yanagida K, Hla T, Proia RL. Bioluminescence imaging of G protein-coupled receptor activation in living mice. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1163. [PMID: 29079828 PMCID: PMC5660082 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01340-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), a superfamily of cell-surface receptors involved in virtually all physiological processes, are the major target class for approved drugs. Imaging GPCR activation in real time in living animals would provide a powerful way to study their role in biology and disease. Here, we describe a mouse model that enables the bioluminescent detection of GPCR activation in real time by utilizing the clinically important GPCR, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1). A synthetic S1P1 signaling pathway, designed to report the interaction between S1P1 and β-arrestin2 via the firefly split luciferase fragment complementation system, is genetically encoded in these mice. Upon receptor activation and subsequent β-arrestin2 recruitment, an active luciferase enzyme complex is produced, which can be detected by in vivo bioluminescence imaging. This imaging strategy reveals the dynamics and spatial specificity of S1P1 activation in normal and pathophysiologic contexts in vivo and can be applied to other GPCRs. G protein-coupled receptors are involved in numerous physiological functions, thus, they represent potential pharmaceutical targets. Here Kono et al. describe a new mouse model to image GPCR activation in real-time by exploiting firefly split luciferase fragment complementation that can be detected by bioluminescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Kono
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Elizabeth G Conlon
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Samantha Y Lux
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Keisuke Yanagida
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Richard L Proia
- Genetics of Development and Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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441
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Wang S, Wacker D, Levit A, Che T, Betz RM, McCorvy JD, Venkatakrishnan AJ, Huang XP, Dror RO, Shoichet BK, Roth BL. D 4 dopamine receptor high-resolution structures enable the discovery of selective agonists. Science 2017; 358:381-386. [PMID: 29051383 PMCID: PMC5856174 DOI: 10.1126/science.aan5468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine receptors are implicated in the pathogenesis and treatment of nearly every neuropsychiatric disorder. Although thousands of drugs interact with these receptors, our molecular understanding of dopaminergic drug selectivity and design remains clouded. To illuminate dopamine receptor structure, function, and ligand recognition, we determined crystal structures of the D4 dopamine receptor in its inactive state bound to the antipsychotic drug nemonapride, with resolutions up to 1.95 angstroms. These structures suggest a mechanism for the control of constitutive signaling, and their unusually high resolution enabled a structure-based campaign for new agonists of the D4 dopamine receptor. The ability to efficiently exploit structure for specific probe discovery-rapidly moving from elucidating receptor structure to discovering previously unrecognized, selective agonists-testifies to the power of structure-based approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA.
| | - Daniel Wacker
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA.
| | - Anat Levit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158-2280, USA
| | - Tao Che
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
| | - Robin M Betz
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - John D McCorvy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
| | - A J Venkatakrishnan
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
| | - Ron O Dror
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Brian K Shoichet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158-2280, USA.
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA.
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7360, USA
- National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA
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442
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Discovery of new GPCR ligands to illuminate new biology. Nat Chem Biol 2017; 13:1143-1151. [PMID: 29045379 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although a plurality of drugs target G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), most have emerged from classical medicinal chemistry and pharmacology programs and resemble one another structurally and functionally. Though effective, these drugs are often promiscuous. With the realization that GPCRs signal via multiple pathways, and with the emergence of crystal structures for this family of proteins, there is an opportunity to target GPCRs with new chemotypes and confer new signaling modalities. We consider structure-based and physical screening methods that have led to the discovery of new reagents, focusing particularly on the former. We illustrate their use against previously untargeted or orphan GPCRs, against allosteric sites, and against classical orthosteric sites that selectively activate one downstream pathway over others. The ligands that emerge are often chemically novel, which can lead to new biological effects.
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443
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Zhang X, Kumata K, Yamasaki T, Cheng R, Hatori A, Ma L, Zhang Y, Xie L, Wang L, Kang HJ, Sheffler DJ, Cosford NDP, Zhang MR, Liang SH. Synthesis and Preliminary Studies of a Novel Negative Allosteric Modulator, 7-((2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-4-(2-fluoro-4-[ 11C]methoxyphenyl) quinoline-2-carboxamide, for Imaging of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 2. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:1937-1948. [PMID: 28565908 PMCID: PMC5607115 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate 2 receptors (mGlu2) are involved in the pathogenesis of several CNS disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacological modulation of this target represents a potential disease-modifying approach for the treatment of substance abuse, depression, schizophrenia, and dementias. While quantification of mGlu2 receptors in the living brain by positron emission tomography (PET) would help us better understand signaling pathways relevant to these conditions, few successful examples have been demonstrated to image mGlu2 in vivo, and a suitable PET tracer is yet to be identified. Herein we report the design and synthesis of a radiolabeled negative allosteric modulator (NAM) for mGlu2 PET tracer development based on a quinoline 2-carboxamide scaffold. The most promising candidate, 7-((2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)-4-(2-fluoro-4-[11C]methoxyphenyl) quinoline-2-carboxamide ([11C]QCA) was prepared in 13% radiochemical yield (non-decay-corrected at the end of synthesis) with >99% radiochemical purity and >74 GBq/μmol (2 Ci/μmol) specific activity. While the tracer showed limited brain uptake (0.3 SUV), probably attributable to effects on PgP/Bcrp efflux pump, in vitro autoradiography studies demonstrated heterogeneous brain distribution and specific binding. Thus, [11C]QCA is a chemical probe that provides the basis for the development of a new generation mGlu2 PET tracers.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2/deficiency
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2/genetics
- Adhesins, Escherichia coli
- Allosteric Regulation
- Animals
- Autoradiography
- Brain/diagnostic imaging
- Brain/metabolism
- Drug Design
- Humans
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Male
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Microsomes, Liver/drug effects
- Microsomes, Liver/metabolism
- Molecular Structure
- Positron-Emission Tomography
- Preliminary Data
- Pyrrolidines/chemistry
- Quinolines/chemistry
- Radiopharmaceuticals/chemical synthesis
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate/metabolism
- Tissue Distribution
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zhang
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai Unviersity, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Katsushi Kumata
- Department of Radiopharmaceutics Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Department of Radiopharmaceutics Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Ran Cheng
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Akiko Hatori
- Department of Radiopharmaceutics Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Longle Ma
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Yiding Zhang
- Department of Radiopharmaceutics Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Radiopharmaceutics Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Lu Wang
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Hye Jin Kang
- Department of Pharmacology & National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27515, USA
| | - Douglas J. Sheffler
- Cell Death and Survival Networks Program and Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Nicholas D. P. Cosford
- Cell Death and Survival Networks Program and Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department of Radiopharmaceutics Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Steven H. Liang
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital & Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
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444
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Ang Z, Xiong D, Wu M, Ding JL. FFAR2-FFAR3 receptor heteromerization modulates short-chain fatty acid sensing. FASEB J 2017; 32:289-303. [PMID: 28883043 PMCID: PMC5731126 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700252rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Free fatty acid receptors 2 and 3 (FFAR2/FFA2/GPR43 and FFAR3/FFA3/GPR41) are mammalian receptors for gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). These receptors are promising drug targets for obesity, colitis, colon cancer, asthma, and arthritis. Here, we demonstrate that FFAR2 and FFAR3 interact to form a heteromer in primary human monocytes and macrophages via proximity ligation assay, and during heterologous expression in HEK293 cells via bimolecular fluorescence complementation and fluorescence resonance energy transfer. The FFAR2-FFAR3 heteromer displayed enhanced cytosolic Ca2+ signaling (1.5-fold increase relative to homomeric FFAR2) and β-arrestin-2 recruitment (30-fold increase relative to homomeric FFAR3). The enhanced heteromer signaling was attenuated by FFAR2 antagonism (CATPB), Gαq inhibition (YM254890), or Gαi inhibition (pertussis toxin). Unlike homomeric FFAR2/3, the heteromer lacked the ability to inhibit cAMP production but gained the ability to induce p38 phosphorylation in HEK293 and inflammatory monocytes via a CATPB- and YM254890-sensitive mechanism. Our data, taken together, reveal that FFAR2 and FFAR3 may interact to form a receptor heteromer with signaling that is distinct from the parent homomers-a novel pathway for drug targeting.-Ang, Z., Xiong, D., Wu, M., Ding, J. L. FFAR2-FFAR3 receptor heteromerization modulates short-chain fatty acid sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Ang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ding Xiong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Centre for Bioimaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore; and
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Centre for Bioimaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore; and.,Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeak Ling Ding
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore;
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445
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Watson LM, Bamber E, Schnekenberg RP, Williams J, Bettencourt C, Lickiss J, Jayawant S, Fawcett K, Clokie S, Wallis Y, Clouston P, Sims D, Houlden H, Becker EB, Németh AH. Dominant Mutations in GRM1 Cause Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 44. Am J Hum Genet 2017; 101:451-458. [PMID: 28886343 PMCID: PMC5591020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) is abundantly expressed in the mammalian central nervous system, where it regulates intracellular calcium homeostasis in response to excitatory signaling. Here, we describe heterozygous dominant mutations in GRM1, which encodes mGluR1, that are associated with distinct disease phenotypes: gain-of-function missense mutations, linked in two different families to adult-onset cerebellar ataxia, and a de novo truncation mutation resulting in a dominant-negative effect that is associated with juvenile-onset ataxia and intellectual disability. Crucially, the gain-of-function mutations could be pharmacologically modulated in vitro using an existing FDA-approved drug, Nitazoxanide, suggesting a possible avenue for treatment, which is currently unavailable for ataxias.
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446
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Philogene-Khalid HL, Hicks C, Reitz AB, Liu-Chen LY, Rawls SM. Synthetic cathinones and stereochemistry: S enantiomer of mephedrone reduces anxiety- and depressant-like effects in cocaine- or MDPV-abstinent rats. Drug Alcohol Depend 2017; 178. [PMID: 28646714 PMCID: PMC5548612 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The neuropharmacological profile of the synthetic cathinone mephedrone (MEPH) is influenced by stereochemistry. Both MEPH enantiomers are monoamine transporter substrates, but R-MEPH is primarily responsible for rewarding effects of MEPH as it produces greater locomotor activation and intracranial self-stimulation than S-MEPH. S-MEPH is a 50-fold more potent 5-HT releaser than R-MEPH and does not place preference in rats. MEPH is also structurally similar to the cathinone derivative bupropion, an antidepressant and smoking cessation medication, suggesting MEPH has therapeutic and addictive properties. METHODS We tested the hypothesis that S-MEPH reduces anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in rats withdrawn from chronic cocaine or methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) using the elevated plus maze (EPM) and forced swim test (FST), respectively. Rats were tested 48-h after a binge-like paradigm (3×/day for 10days in 1-h intervals) of cocaine (10mg/kg), MDPV (1mg/kg) or saline. In vitro studies assessed the receptor binding and activity of S-MEPH. KEY RESULTS Rats withdrawn from chronic cocaine or MDPV displayed an increase in anxiety- and depression-like behaviors that was antagonized by treatment with S-MEPH (10, 30mg/kg). S-MEPH displayed affinity, but not agonist activity, for 5-HT2 receptors (2A-2C) and showed negligible affinity for dopaminergic, adrenergic and nicotinic receptors. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATION S-MEPH attenuated withdrawal behaviors following chronic cocaine or MDPV, perhaps through 5-HT release and/or 5-HT2 receptor interactions. The present data suggest S-MEPH may be a possible structural and pharmacological template to develop maintenance therapy for acute anxiety and depression during early withdrawal from psychostimulant abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene L. Philogene-Khalid
- Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Callum Hicks
- Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Allen B. Reitz
- Fox Chase Chemical Diversity Center Inc., Doylestown, PA
| | - Lee-Yuan Liu-Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Scott M. Rawls
- Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University Philadelphia, PA, USA
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447
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Albee LJ, Eby JM, Tripathi A, LaPorte HM, Gao X, Volkman BF, Gaponenko V, Majetschak M. α 1-Adrenergic Receptors Function Within Hetero-Oligomeric Complexes With Atypical Chemokine Receptor 3 and Chemokine (C-X-C motif) Receptor 4 in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.117.006575. [PMID: 28862946 PMCID: PMC5586474 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.006575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Recently, we provided evidence that α1‐adrenergic receptors (ARs) in vascular smooth muscle are regulated by chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) receptor (CXCR) 4 and atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3). While we showed that CXCR4 controls α1‐ARs through formation of heteromeric receptor complexes in human vascular smooth muscle cells (hVSMCs), the molecular basis underlying cross‐talk between ACKR3 and α1‐ARs is unknown. Methods and Results We show that ACKR3 agonists inhibit inositol trisphosphate production in hVSMCs on stimulation with phenylephrine. In proximity ligation assays and co‐immunoprecipitation experiments, we observed that recombinant and endogenous ACKR3 form heteromeric complexes with α1A/B/D‐AR. While small interfering RNA knockdown of ACKR3 in hVSMCs reduced α1B/D‐AR:ACKR3, CXCR4:ACKR3, and α1B/D‐AR:CXCR4 complexes, small interfering RNA knockdown of CXCR4 reduced α1B/D‐AR:ACKR3 heteromers. Phenylephrine‐induced inositol trisphosphate production from hVSMCs was abolished after ACKR3 and CXCR4 small interfering RNA knockdown. Peptide analogs of transmembrane domains 2/4/7 of ACKR3 showed differential effects on heteromerization between ACKR3, α1A/B/D‐AR, and CXCR4. While the transmembrane domain 2 peptide interfered with α1B/D‐AR:ACKR3 and CXCR4:ACKR3 heteromerization, it increased heteromerization between CXCR4 and α1A/B‐AR. The transmembrane domain 2 peptide inhibited ACKR3 but did not affect α1b‐AR in β‐arrestin recruitment assays. Furthermore, the transmembrane domain 2 peptide inhibited phenylephrine‐induced inositol trisphosphate production in hVSMCs and attenuated phenylephrine‐induced constriction of mesenteric arteries. Conclusions α1‐ARs form hetero‐oligomeric complexes with the ACKR3:CXCR4 heteromer, which is required for α1B/D‐AR function, and activation of ACKR3 negatively regulates α1‐ARs. G protein–coupled receptor hetero‐oligomerization is a dynamic process, which depends on the relative abundance of available receptor partners. Endogenous α1‐ARs function within a network of hetero‐oligomeric receptor complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren J Albee
- Department of Surgery, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
| | - Jonathan M Eby
- Department of Surgery, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
| | - Abhishek Tripathi
- Department of Surgery, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
| | - Heather M LaPorte
- Department of Surgery, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
| | - Xianlong Gao
- Department of Surgery, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
| | - Brian F Volkman
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Vadim Gaponenko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| | - Matthias Majetschak
- Department of Surgery, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL .,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL
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448
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Baumann MH, Majumdar S, Le Rouzic V, Hunkele A, Uprety R, Huang XP, Xu J, Roth BL, Pan YX, Pasternak GW. Pharmacological characterization of novel synthetic opioids (NSO) found in the recreational drug marketplace. Neuropharmacology 2017; 134:101-107. [PMID: 28807672 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Novel synthetic opioids (NSO) are increasingly encountered in illicit heroin and counterfeit pain pills. Many NSO are resurrected from older biomedical literature or patent applications, so limited information is available about their biological effects. Here we examined the pharmacology of three structurally-distinct NSO found in the recreational drug market: N-(1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidinyl)-N-phenylbutyramide (butyrylfentanyl), 3,4-dichloro-N-[(1R,2R)-2-(dimethylamino)cyclohexyl]-N-methylbenzamide (U-47700) and 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1,2-diphenylethyl)piperazine (MT-45). Radioligand binding and GTPγS functional assays were carried out in cells transfected with murine mu- (MOR-1), delta- (DOR-1) or kappa-opioid receptors (KOR-1). Antinociceptive effects were determined using the radiant heat tail flick technique in mice, and opioid specificity was assessed with the mu-opioid antagonist naloxone. Butyrylfentanyl, U-47700 and MT-45 displayed nM affinities at MOR-1, but were less potent than morphine, and had much weaker effects at DOR-1 and KOR-1. All NSO exhibited agonist actions at MOR-1 in the GTPγS assay. Butyrylfentanyl and U-47700 were 31- and 12-fold more potent than morphine in the tail flick assay, whereas MT-45 was equipotent with morphine. Analgesic effects were reversed by naloxone and absent in genetically-engineered mice lacking MOR-1. Our findings confirm that butyrylfentanyl, U-47700 and MT-45 are selective MOR-1 agonists with in vitro affinities less than morphine. However, analgesic potencies vary more than 30-fold across the compounds, and in vitro binding affinity does not predict in vivo potency. Taken together, our findings highlight the risks to humans who may unknowingly be exposed to these and other NSO when taking adulterated heroin or counterfeit pain medications. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Designer Drugs and Legal Highs.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Baumann
- Designer Drug Research Unit, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Susruta Majumdar
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Valerie Le Rouzic
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Amanda Hunkele
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Rajendra Uprety
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Xi Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ying-Xian Pan
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Gavril W Pasternak
- Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
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449
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Jiang J, Cui H, Rahmouni K. Optogenetics and pharmacogenetics: principles and applications. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2017; 313:R633-R645. [PMID: 28794102 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00091.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Remote and selective spatiotemporal control of the activity of neurons to regulate behavior and physiological functions has been a long-sought goal in system neuroscience. Identification and subsequent bioengineering of light-sensitive ion channels (e.g., channelrhodopsins, halorhodopsin, and archaerhodopsins) from the bacteria have made it possible to use light to artificially modulate neuronal activity, namely optogenetics. Recent advance in genetics has also allowed development of novel pharmacological tools to selectively and remotely control neuronal activity using engineered G protein-coupled receptors, which can be activated by otherwise inert drug-like small molecules such as the designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drug, a form of chemogenetics. The cutting-edge optogenetics and pharmacogenetics are powerful tools in neuroscience that allow selective and bidirectional modulation of the activity of defined populations of neurons with unprecedented specificity. These novel toolboxes are enabling significant advances in deciphering how the nervous system works and its influence on various physiological processes in health and disease. Here, we discuss the fundamental elements of optogenetics and chemogenetics approaches and some of the applications that yielded significant advances in various areas of neuroscience and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa; and
| | - Huxing Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa; and.,Obesity Research and Educational Initiative, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Kamal Rahmouni
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa; .,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa; and.,Obesity Research and Educational Initiative, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
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450
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Axen SD, Huang XP, Cáceres EL, Gendelev L, Roth BL, Keiser MJ. A Simple Representation of Three-Dimensional Molecular Structure. J Med Chem 2017; 60:7393-7409. [PMID: 28731335 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Statistical and machine learning approaches predict drug-to-target relationships from 2D small-molecule topology patterns. One might expect 3D information to improve these calculations. Here we apply the logic of the extended connectivity fingerprint (ECFP) to develop a rapid, alignment-invariant 3D representation of molecular conformers, the extended three-dimensional fingerprint (E3FP). By integrating E3FP with the similarity ensemble approach (SEA), we achieve higher precision-recall performance relative to SEA with ECFP on ChEMBL20 and equivalent receiver operating characteristic performance. We identify classes of molecules for which E3FP is a better predictor of similarity in bioactivity than is ECFP. Finally, we report novel drug-to-target binding predictions inaccessible by 2D fingerprints and confirm three of them experimentally with ligand efficiencies from 0.442-0.637 kcal/mol/heavy atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth D Axen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco , 675 Nelson Rising Lane NS 416A, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Xi-Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.,National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Elena L Cáceres
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco , 675 Nelson Rising Lane NS 416A, San Francisco, California 94143, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco , 675 Nelson Rising Lane NS 416A, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Leo Gendelev
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco , 675 Nelson Rising Lane NS 416A, San Francisco, California 94143, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco , 675 Nelson Rising Lane NS 416A, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Bryan L Roth
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.,National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program (NIMH PDSP), University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.,Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Michael J Keiser
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco , 675 Nelson Rising Lane NS 416A, San Francisco, California 94143, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco , 675 Nelson Rising Lane NS 416A, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
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