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Ma X, Chen D, Liu J, Wang W, Feng Z, Cheng N, Li S, Wang S, Liu L, Chen Y. Risk factors for sternal wound infection after median sternotomy: A nested case-control study and time-to-event analysis. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14965. [PMID: 38994878 PMCID: PMC11240533 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Although potential risk factors for sternal wound infection (SWI) have been extensively studied, the onset time of SWI and different risk factors for superficial and deep SWI were rarely reported. This nested case-control study aims to compare the onset time and contributors between superficial and deep SWI. Consecutive adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery through median sternotomy in a single center from January 2011 to January 2021 constituted the cohort. The case group was those who developed SWI as defined by CDC and controls were matched 6:1 per case. Kaplan-Meier analysis, LASSO and univariate and multivariate Cox regressions were performed. A simple nomogram was established for clinical prediction of the risk of SWI. The incidence of SWI was 1.1% (61 out of 5471) in our cohort. Totally 366 controls were matched to 61 cases. 26.2% (16 of 61) SWI cases were deep SWI. The median onset time of SWI was 35 days. DSWI had a longer latency than SSWI (median time 46 days vs. 32 days, p = 0.032). Kaplan-Meier analyses showed different time-to-SWI between patients with and without DM (p = 0.0011) or MI (p = 0.0019). Multivariate Cox regression showed that BMI (HR = 1.083, 95% CI: 1.012-1.116, p = 0.022), DM (HR = 2.041, 95% CI: 1.094-3.805, p = 0.025) and MI (HR = 2.332, 95% CI: 1.193-4.557, p = 0.013) were independent risk factors for SWI. Superficial SWI was only associated with BMI (HR = 1.089, 95% CI: 1.01-1.175, p = 0.027), while deep SWI was associated with DM (HR = 3.271, 95% CI: 1.036-10.325, p = 0.043) and surgery time (HR = 1.004, 95% CI: 1.001-1.008, p = 0.027). The nomogram for SWI prediction had an AUC of 0.67, good fitness and clinical effectiveness as shown by the calibration curve and decision curve analyses. BMI, DM and MI were independent risk factors for SWI. DSWI had a longer latency and different risk factors compared to SSWI. The nomogram showed a fair performance and good effectiveness for the clinical prediction of SWI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Ma
- Institute of Hospital Management, Department of Innovative Medical ResearchChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Dongsheng Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryThe First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jianchao Liu
- Institute of Hospital Management, Department of Innovative Medical ResearchChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Wenqing Wang
- Institute of Hospital Management, Department of Innovative Medical ResearchChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Zekun Feng
- Division of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Department of CardiologyThe Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Nan Cheng
- Division of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Department of CardiologyThe Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Shuanglei Li
- Division of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Department of CardiologyThe Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Shan Wang
- Institute of Hospital Management, Department of Innovative Medical ResearchChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Lihua Liu
- Institute of Hospital Management, Department of Innovative Medical ResearchChinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Youbai Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryThe First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
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Feng Q, Bešević J, Conroy M, Omiyale W, Woodward M, Lacey B, Allen N. Waist-to-height ratio and body fat percentage as risk factors for ischemic cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study from UK Biobank. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:1386-1396. [PMID: 38839194 PMCID: PMC11196863 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The independent effect of waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and body fat percentage (BF%) on ischemic cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains uncertain. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the independent associations of WHtR and BF% with ischemic CVD. METHODS This prospective cohort study used data from the UK Biobank. BF% was calculated as fat mass divided by body weight, measured by bioimpedance. Cox models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for overall and sex-specific associations of BF% and WHtR with risks of ischemic CVD and its main subtypes [myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke (IS)], adjusted for a range of potential confounders, including mutual adjustment for BF% and WHtR. RESULTS In total, 468,333 participants without existing CVD were included in the analysis. During 12 y of follow-up, 20,151 ischemic CVD events, 13,604 MIs, and 6681 ISs were recorded. WHtR was linearly associated with ischemic CVD, MI, and IS, with an HR per 5% increase of 1.23 (95% CI: 1.20, 1.25), 1.24 (95% CI: 1.21, 1.27), and 1.22 (95% CI: 1.18, 1.26), respectively, independent of BF%. A stronger association between WHtR and MI was seen in females than in males. The association of BF% with these outcomes was substantially attenuated in both sexes after adjustment for WHtR. For example, in females, the HR (highest compared with lowest fifth) was reduced from 1.94 (95% CI: 1.76, 2.15) to 1.04 (95% CI: 0.90, 1.01) for ischemic CVD, from 2.04 (95% CI: 1.79, 2.32) to 0.97 (95% CI: 0.81, 1.16) for MI, and from 1.81 (95% CI: 1.54, 2.13) to 1.07 (95% CI: 0.85, 1.33) for IS. CONCLUSIONS WHtR, when used as a proxy measure for central obesity, is linearly associated with ischemic CVD in both sexes, which is independent of BF%. In contrast, the relationship of BF% with these health outcomes is predominantly driven by its correlation with WHtR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Feng
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Jelena Bešević
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; UK Biobank, Stockport, United Kingdom
| | - Megan Conroy
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; UK Biobank, Stockport, United Kingdom
| | - Wemimo Omiyale
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; UK Biobank, Stockport, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Woodward
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Newtown, NSW, Australia; The George Institute for Global Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Lacey
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; UK Biobank, Stockport, United Kingdom.
| | - Naomi Allen
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; UK Biobank, Stockport, United Kingdom
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dos Santos PF, de Souza DB, Torres EJL, Costa WS, Sampaio FJB, Gregorio BM. Metabolic and ultrastructural renal changes in adult Wistar rats fed by a cafeteria diet. Acta Cir Bras 2024; 39:e392224. [PMID: 38629653 PMCID: PMC11020636 DOI: 10.1590/acb392224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate, by quantitative and qualitative methods, the glomerular ultrastructure in Wistar rats fed a cafeteria diet. METHODS Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups at 21 days of age: control (C, n = 10) and cafeteria diet (CAF, n = 8). The animals were followed up until 5 months of age, followed by euthanasia. The blood, kidneys, and fat deposits--epididymal, retroperitoneal, and subcutaneous--were extracted and analyzed. Data were analyzed by Student's t test, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The cafeteria diet promoted glucose intolerance, hyperglycemia (p < 0.0001), and deposition of retroperitoneal fat (p < 0.005). Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the length of the foot process was similar in both groups. The quantitative analyses by transmission electron microscopy revealed that the cafeteria diet reduced the thickness of the glomerular basement membrane (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The intake of lipids and simple carbohydrates were found to be associated with alteration in the glomerular ultrastructure. However, more studies are needed to evaluate not only the effects of high-protein and high-fat diets on components of the glomerular filtration barrier, but also renal physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diogo Benchimol de Souza
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – Biomedical Center – Department of Anatomy – Rio de Janeiro (RJ) – Brazil
| | - Eduardo José Lopes Torres
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – Biomedical Center – Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology – Rio de Janeiro (RJ) – Brazil
| | - Waldemar Silva Costa
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – Biomedical Center – Department of Anatomy – Rio de Janeiro (RJ) – Brazil
| | | | - Bianca Martins Gregorio
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – Biomedical Center – Department of Anatomy – Rio de Janeiro (RJ) – Brazil
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Chen D, Feng J, He H, Xiao W, Liu X. Classification, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Obesity-Related Heart Diseases. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2024; 22:161-169. [PMID: 38294776 DOI: 10.1089/met.2023.0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence-based medicine shows that obesity is associated with a wide range of cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Obesity can lead to changes in cardiac structure and function, which can lead to obese cardiomyopathy, subclinical cardiac dysfunction, and even heart failure. It also increases the risk of atrial fibrillation and sudden cardiac death. Many invasive and noninvasive diagnostic methods can detect obesity-related heart disease at an early stage, so that appropriate measures can be selected to prevent adverse CV events. However, studies have shown a protective effect of obesity on clinical outcomes of CV disease, a phenomenon that has been termed the obesity paradox. The "obesity paradox" essentially refers to the fact that the classification of obesity defined by body mass index (BMI) does not consider the impact of obesity heterogeneity on CV disease prognosis, but simply puts subjects with different clinical and biochemical characteristics into the same category. In any case, indicators such as waist-to-hip ratio, ectopic body fat qualitative and quantitative, and CV fitness have been shown to be able to distinguish different CV risks in patients with the same BMI, which is convenient for early intervention in an appropriate way. A multidisciplinary approach, including lifestyle modification, evidence-based generic and novel pharmacotherapy, and surgical intervention, can improve CV outcomes in overweight/obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Chen
- Department of Electrocardiogram, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Artificial Intelligence Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Echocardiography, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - HongYan He
- Department of Electrocardiogram, Tai'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - WeiPing Xiao
- Department of Acupuncture, Tai'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - XiaoJing Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Feng Q, Kim JH, Xie J, Bešević J, Conroy M, Omiyale W, Wu Y, Woodward M, Lacey B, Allen N. Use of Sex-Specific Body Mass Index to Optimize Low Correlation With Height and High Correlation With Fatness: A UK Biobank Study. Am J Epidemiol 2024; 193:296-307. [PMID: 37814392 PMCID: PMC10840076 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwad195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Body mass index (BMI; weight (kg)/height (m)2) is commonly used to measure general adiposity. However, evidence of its appropriateness for males and females remains inconsistent. We aimed to identify the most appropriate sex-specific power value that height should be raised to in the formula and the value that would make it achieve height independency and body fatness dependency. We randomly assigned UK Biobank participants recruited in the United Kingdom between 2006 and 2010 (n = 489,873; mean age = 56.5 years; 94.2% White) to training and testing sets (80%:20%). Using height raised to the power of -50.00 to 50.00, we identified the optimal power value that either minimized correlation with height or maximized correlation with body fat percentage, using age-adjusted correlations. The optimal power values for height were 1.77 for males and 1.39 for females. The new formulas resulted in 4.5% of females and 2.4% of males being reclassified into a different BMI category. The formulas did not show significant improvement (in terms of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, and specificity) in identifying individuals with excessive body fat percentage or in predicting risk of all-cause mortality. Therefore, the conventional BMI formula is still valuable in research and disease screening for both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Feng
- Correspondence to Dr. Qi Feng, Nuffield Department of Population Health, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom (e-mail: )
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Arthur A, Mensah‐Asamoah A, Brown EKM, Ocansey AK, Deku PD, Moses MO. Work ability and anthropometric indices correlate with cardiovascular risk factors in public sector employees: Cross-sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1728. [PMID: 38028706 PMCID: PMC10663432 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Understanding the correlation of work ability (WA) and anthropometric indices with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) risk factors among public sector employees (PSE) is vital for policy direction. This study examined the correlation between work ability, anthropometric indices, and cardiovascular risk factors among PSEs. Methods The cross-sectional study had 254 (mean age = 37.18 ± 10.34) PSE. A self-reported WA index was used to measure WA. Blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), and visceral fat were measured. Lifestyle CVDs risk history was also obtained. Results 3.9% had moderate, 51.2% good, and 44.9% excellent WA. 37.4% overweight, 20.1% obese, 19.7% hypertension history, 67.7% no physical activity history. WA correlates with increased systolic BP, BMI, WC, WHR, weight to height ratio, and visceral fat significantly. Age 24-29 (aOR = 26.38), 30-39 (aOR = 7.52), and 40-49 (aOR = 4.94) independently predict excellent WA. Overweight (aOR = 0.44) independently predict decreased excellent WA. Conclusion Participants were hypertension-prone, had increased WC, WHR, physically inactive, overweight, and obese. WA and anthropometric indices of the participants predict CVDs risks. Workplace health care strategy should be put in place to control BP, BMI, WC, WHR, weight to height ratio, and visceral fat as CVDs risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Arthur
- Department of Physiotherapy and Sport Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health SciencesKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | - Anthony Mensah‐Asamoah
- Department of Physiotherapy and Sport Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health SciencesKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | - Eleazer Kofi Mensah Brown
- Department of Physiotherapy and Sport Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health SciencesKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | - Anita Kabuki Ocansey
- Department of Physiotherapy and Sport Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health SciencesKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | - Prince De‐Gaulle Deku
- Department of Physiotherapy and Sport Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health SciencesKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
| | - Monday Omoniyi Moses
- Department of Physiotherapy and Sport Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health SciencesKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana
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Nainu F, Frediansyah A, Mamada SS, Permana AD, Salampe M, Chandran D, Emran TB, Simal-Gandara J. Natural products targeting inflammation-related metabolic disorders: A comprehensive review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16919. [PMID: 37346355 PMCID: PMC10279840 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, the incidence of metabolic disorders is increasing, setting a challenge to global health. With major advancement in the diagnostic tools and clinical procedures, much has been known in the etiology of metabolic disorders and their corresponding pathophysiologies. In addition, the use of in vitro and in vivo experimental models prior to clinical studies has promoted numerous biomedical breakthroughs, including in the discovery and development of drug candidates to treat metabolic disorders. Indeed, chemicals isolated from natural products have been extensively studied as prospective drug candidates to manage diabetes, obesity, heart-related diseases, and cancer, partly due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Continuous efforts have been made in parallel to improve their bioactivity and bioavailability using selected drug delivery approaches. Here, we provide insights on recent progress in the role of inflammatory-mediated responses on the initiation of metabolic disorders, with particular reference to diabetes mellitus, obesity, heart-related diseases, and cancer. In addition, we discussed the prospective role of natural products in the management of diabetes, obesity, heart-related diseases, and cancers and provide lists of potential biological targets for high throughput screening in drug discovery and development. Lastly, we discussed findings observed in the preclinical and clinical studies prior to identifying suitable approaches on the phytochemical drug delivery systems that are potential to be used in the treatment of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firzan Nainu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Tamalanrea, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Andri Frediansyah
- Research Center for Food Technology and Processing (PRTPP), National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Yogyakarta 55861, Indonesia
| | - Sukamto S. Mamada
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Tamalanrea, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Andi Dian Permana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Tamalanrea, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | | | - Deepak Chandran
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore 642109, India
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School & Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical Chemistry and Food Science Department, Faculty of Science, E32004 Ourense, Spain
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8
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Poor Cognitive Agility Conservation in Obese Aging People. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010138. [PMID: 36672646 PMCID: PMC9855664 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Life expectancy has been boosted in recent decades at expenses of increasing the age-associated diseases. Dementia, for its incidence, stands out among the pathologies associated with aging. The exacerbated cognitive deterioration disables people from carrying out their daily lives autonomously and this incidence increases exponentially after 65 years of age. The etiology of dementia is a miscellaneous combination of risk factors that restrain the quality of life of our elderly. In this sense, it has been established that some metabolic pathologies such as obesity and diabetes act as a risk factor for dementia development. In contrast, a high educational level, as well as moderate physical activity, have been shown to be protective factors against cognitive impairment and the development of dementia. In the present study, we have evaluated the metabolic composition of a population between 60-90 years old, mentally healthy and with high academic degrees. After assessing agility in mental state, we have established relationships between their cognitive abilities and their body composition. Our data support that excess body fat is associated with poorer maintenance of cognition, while higher percentages of muscle mass are associated with the best results in the cognitive tests.
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Ruiz-García A, Arranz-Martínez E, Morales-Cobos LE, García-Álvarez JC, Iturmendi-Martínez N, Rivera-Teijido M. Prevalence rates of overweight and obesity and their associations with cardiometabolic and renal factors. SIMETAP-OB study. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2022; 34:291-302. [PMID: 35618556 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Excess weight is a major health problem. Aims of this study were to determine the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity, and to compare their associations with cardiometabolic and renal risk factors between obese and non-obese populations, and between overweight and non-overweight populations. METHODS Cross-sectional observational study conducted in Primary Care. Population-based random sample: 6,588 study subjects between 18 and 102 years of age (response rate: 66%). Crude and sex- and age-adjusted prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were calculated, and their associations with cardiometabolic and renal variables were assessed by bivariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 36.0% (42.1% in men; 33.1% in women) and 25.0% (26.2% in men; 24.5% in women), respectively. These prevalences increased with age, and were higher in men than in women. Fifty-two percent (95%CI: 50.0-53.9) of the overweight population and 62.3% (95%CI: 60.1-64.5) of the obese population had a high or very high cardiovascular risk. Abdominal obesity, physical inactivity, prediabetes, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, and low HDL-C were independently associated with both entities. Furthermore, diabetes was independently associated with overweight and hypercholesterolemia with obesity. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 61.0% (68.4% in men and 59.0% in women). More than half of the overweight population and nearly two-thirds of the obese population had a high cardiovascular risk. Hyperglycemia, physical inactivity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, low HDL-C, and hypertriglyceridemia were independently associated with overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ruiz-García
- Lipids and Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Pinto University Health Center, Pinto, Madrid, Spain.
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10
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Albrahim T, Robert AA. Lycopene Effects on Metabolic Syndrome and Kidney Injury in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet: An Experimental Study. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:30930-30938. [PMID: 36092554 PMCID: PMC9453973 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The frequency of overweight and obesity is rising globally. These disorders are prevalent health problems. It has a substantial correlation with a number of health issues, including cardiovascular, metabolic, and diabetes mellitus disorders. Lycopene (Lyc) is an acyclic structural isomer of β-carotene and has powerful antioxidant properties with various promising therapeutic effects. In this study, rats fed a high-fat diet were examined to determine how lycopene affected metabolic syndrome and kidney damage. After being acclimated, rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 8/group) as follows: the first group served as the control and was fed on a normal pelleted diet (4.25% fat) until the end of the experiment. The second group (high-fat diet; HFD) was fed on a high-fat diet (45.5 kcal% fat) composed of 24% fat, 24% protein, and 41% carbohydrate. The third and fourth groups were fed on HFD and administered lycopene at 25 and 50 mg/kg bodyweight orally every day. The fifth group (standard drug group) received HFD and simvastatin (SVS; 10 mg/kg bodyweight orally daily) for 3 months. Tissue samples from the kidney were taken for determination of the biochemical parameters, lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein carbonyl (PC), reduced glutathione (GSH), total thiol group, antioxidant enzymes, namely, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR), in addition to renal mRNA expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), renal levels of inflammatory markers [tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB)], and apoptotic markers (BCL2 Associated X (Bax), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio). When compared to the control group, the HFD group's food consumption, body weight, serum levels of glucose, uric acid, creatinine, LPO, PC, TNF-α, IL-1β, Bax, and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio all increased significantly. In the kidney sample of HFD-fed rats, there was a downregulation of Nrf2 mRNA expression along with a significant reduction in the enzymatic activity of SOD, CAT, GR, and GPx. Lyc treatment was able to successfully reverse HFD-mediated changes as compared to the HFD group. Consuming lyc helps to prevent fat and renal damage in a positive way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarfa Albrahim
- Department
of Health Sciences, Clinical Nutrition, College of Health and Rehabilitation
Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman
University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
- and
| | - Asirvatham Alwin Robert
- Department
of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Prince Sultan
Military Medical City, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia
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de Oliveira Silva T, Lino CA, Miranda JB, Balbino-Silva CS, Lunardon G, Lima VM, Jensen L, Donato J, Irigoyen MC, Barreto-Chaves MLM, Diniz GP. miRNA-143-3p-Sox6-Myh7 pathway is altered in obesogenic diet-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Exp Physiol 2022; 107:892-905. [PMID: 35765992 DOI: 10.1113/ep090315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? To investigate the effect of an obesogenic diet on the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in cardiac hypertrophy in female mice. What is the main finding and its importance? Female mice fed an obesogenic diet exhibited cardiac hypertrophy associated with increased levels of miRNA-143-3p, decreased levels of Sox6 and increased expression of Myh7. Inhibition of miRNA-143-3p increased Sox6 mRNA levels and reduced Myh7 expression in cardiomyocytes, and prevented angiotensin II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Our results indicate that the miRNA-143-3p-Sox6-Myh7 pathway may play a key role in obesity-induced cardiac hypertrophy. ABSTRACT Obesity induces cardiometabolic disorders associated with a high risk of mortality. We have previously shown that the microRNA (miRNA) expression profile is changed in obesity-induced cardiac hypertrophy in male mice. Here, we investigated the effect of an obesogenic diet on the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in cardiac hypertrophy in female mice. Female mice fed an obesogenic diet displayed an increased body weight gain, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. In addition, obese female mice exhibited cardiac hypertrophy associated with increased levels of several miRNAs, including miR-143-3p. Bioinformatic analysis identified Sox6, a regulator of Myh7 transcription, as a predicted target of the miR-143-3p. Female mice fed an obesogenic diet exhibited decreased levels of Sox6 and increased expression of Myh7 in the heart. Loss-of-function studies in cardiomyocytes revealed that inhibition of miR-143-3p increased Sox6 mRNA levels and reduced Myh7 expression. Collectively, our results indicate that obesity-associated cardiac hypertrophy in female mice is accompanied by alterations in diverse miRNAs, and suggest that the miR-143-3p-Sox6-Myh7 pathway may play a key role in obesity-induced cardiac hypertrophy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caroline A Lino
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliane B Miranda
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila S Balbino-Silva
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Lunardon
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M Lima
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Jensen
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jose Donato
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gabriela P Diniz
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Effects of resistance training on body composition and physical function in elderly patients with osteosarcopenic obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Osteoporos 2022; 17:82. [PMID: 35654981 PMCID: PMC9163017 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-022-01120-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO) is a complex disease commonly seen in the elderly. We found that resistance training may improve bone mineral density, skeletal muscle mass, and body fat percentage in patients with OSO. Therefore, resistance training is beneficial for elderly OSO patients and is worth being promoted. PURPOSE Investigate effects of resistance training on body composition and physical function in elderly osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO) patients. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Medline, SinoMed, CNKI, and Wanfang Database were searched from inception until October 13, 2021.Two independent researchers extracted the key information from each eligible study. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to evaluate the quality of the outcomes. Sensitivity analysis indicated the stability of the results. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3. RESULTS Four randomized controlled studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included, with 182 participants. Twelve weeks of resistance training improved bone mineral density (BMD, mean difference (MD) = 0.01 g/cm2, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.001, 0.02, P = 0.03, I2 = 0%), skeletal muscle mass (SMM, MD = 1.19 kg, 95% CI: 0.50, 1.89, P = 0.0007, I2 = 0%), Z score, timed chair rise test (TCR), and body fat percentage (BFP, MD = - 1.61%, 95% CI: - 2.94, - 0.28, P = 0.02, I2 = 50%) but did not significantly affect skeletal muscle mass index (SMI, MD = 0.20 kg/m2, 95% CI: - 0.25, 0.64, P = 0.38, I2 = 0%) or gait speed (GS). CONCLUSIONS Resistance training is a safe and effective intervention that can improve many parameters, including BFP, SMM, and Z score, among OSO patients and is a good option for elderly individuals to improve their physical fitness.
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The Role of Physical Activity Status in the Relationship between Obesity and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT) in Urban South African Teachers: The SABPA Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106348. [PMID: 35627885 PMCID: PMC9141222 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Globally, the prevalence of physical inactivity and obesity are on the rise, which may increase carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. This study assessed the association between physical activity (PA), obesity, and CIMT. A cross-sectional study design was used, including a sub-sample (n = 216) of teachers who participated in the Sympathetic Activity and Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Africans (SAPBA) study. Measurements included the following: physical activity status (measured with ActiHeart devices over 7 consecutive days), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WtHR), CIMT (measured by SonoSite Micromax ultrasound), blood pressure (BP), fasting C-reactive protein (CRP), and cholesterol and glucose levels. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science. One-third of the teachers were physically inactive (33%) and had low-grade inflammation CRP ≥ 3 mg/L (41%). Males were more sedentary and had higher BP and CIMT (p < 0.05). Independent of age and sex, WC or central obesity was 2.63 times more likely (p = 0.02) to contribute to atherosclerosis, especially in females (OR: 4.23, p = 0.04). PA levels were insignificantly and negatively (β −0.034; 0.888; 0.240) related to subclinical atherosclerosis. The cardiovascular disease risk profiles and limited PA status may have curbed the beneficial impact of PA on the obesity and atherosclerosis.
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Bang HJ, Park KN, Youn CS, Kim HJ, Oh SH, Lim JY, Song H, Kim SH, Jeong WJ, Kim HJ. The relationship between body mass index and neurologic outcomes in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest treated with targeted temperature management. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265656. [PMID: 35349593 PMCID: PMC8963585 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association of body mass index with outcome in patients treated with targeted temperature management (TTM) after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of body mass index (BMI) on neurological outcomes and mortality in resuscitated patients treated with TTM after OHCA. Methods This multicenter, prospective, observational study was performed with data from 22 hospitals included in the Korean Hypothermia Network KORHN-PRO registry. Comatose adult patients treated with TTM after OHCA between October 2015 and December 2018 were enrolled. The BMI of each patient was calculated and classified according to the criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO). Each group was analyzed in terms of demographic characteristics and associations with six-month neurologic outcomes and mortality after cardiac arrest (CA). Results Of 1,373 patients treated with TTM identified in the registry, 1,315 were included in this study. One hundred two patients were underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m2), 798 were normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2), 332 were overweight (BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2), and 73 were obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). The higher BMI group had younger patients and a greater incidence of diabetes and hypertension. Six-month neurologic outcomes and mortality were not different among the BMI groups (p = 0.111, p = 0.234). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that BMI classification was not associated with six-month neurologic outcomes or mortality. In the subgroup analysis, the underweight group treated with TTM at 33°C was associated with poor neurologic outcomes six months after CA (OR 2.090, 95% CI 1.010–4.325, p = 0.047), whereas the TTM at 36°C group was not (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.249–3.112, p = 0.843). Conclusions BMI was not associated with six-month neurologic outcomes or mortality in patients surviving OHCA. However, in the subgroup analysis, underweight patients were associated with poor neurologic outcomes when treated with TTM at 33°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jin Bang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul St. Mary Hospital, College of Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyu Nam Park
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul St. Mary Hospital, College of Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chun Song Youn
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul St. Mary Hospital, College of Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han Joon Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul St. Mary Hospital, College of Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Oh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul St. Mary Hospital, College of Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jee Yong Lim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul St. Mary Hospital, College of Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hwan Song
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul St. Mary Hospital, College of Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Won Jung Jeong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hyo Joon Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul St. Mary Hospital, College of Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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Rivera-Izquierdo M, Martínez-Ruiz V, Jiménez-Moleón JJ. Recommendations on Weight Loss and Healthy Lifestyle in Prostate Cancer Clinical Guidelines: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031452. [PMID: 35162468 PMCID: PMC8835487 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with negative prostate cancer outcomes (e.g., specific mortality, all-cause mortality, biochemical recurrence, etc.), according to the current scientific literature. Nevertheless, recommendations on weight loss and healthy lifestyles are poorly covered by clinicians. We aimed at identifying these recommendations from clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for prostate cancer. We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, guideline databases and online sources for CPGs updated from January 2015 to August 2021. The searches were independently conducted by two researchers, without language restrictions. A total of 97 prostate cancer guidelines, including 84 (86.6%) CPGs and 13 (13.4%) consensus statements, were included. Recommendations on reaching and maintaining a healthy weight or healthy lifestyles were provided by 7 (7.2%) and 13 (13.4%) documents, respectively. No differences regarding recommendations were found by type of document, year of publication or country. Our results suggest that professional societies and governments should update prostate cancer guidelines to include these recommendations for improving prostate cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Rivera-Izquierdo
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (V.M.-R.); (J.J.J.-M.)
- Service of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Virginia Martínez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (V.M.-R.); (J.J.J.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Juan Jiménez-Moleón
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (V.M.-R.); (J.J.J.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Lycopene corrects metabolic syndrome and liver injury induced by high fat diet in obese rats through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111831. [PMID: 34237596 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global epidemic disease that is closely associated with various health problems as Diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular, and metabolic disorders. Lycopene (LYC), a red-colored carotenoid, has demonstrated various promising therapeutic effects. Hence, the potential of LYC was studied against high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and metabolic disturbances in rats. Animals fed on HFD and orally supplemented with LYC (25 and 50 mg/kg) or simvastatin (10 mg/kg) every day for 3 months. The results revealed that long-term consumption of HFD significantly increased weight gain, liver weight, cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein-B (Apo-B), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c) levels, as well as decreasing the high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c) levels. Moreover, high blood glucose and insulin levels accompanied by low peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) were recorded in HFD group. Further, HFD rats displayed lower levels of antioxidant biomarkers (SOD, CAT, GPx, GR and GSH), in addition to higher levels of MDA, NO and inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, TNF-α, and MPO). Marked increases were observed in atherogenic index, lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase together with fibrosis markers (TGF-β1 and α-SMA) in rats fed on HFD. Comparing to model group, LYC was able to effectively reverse HFD-mediated alterations at dose dependent manner. Altogether, dietary supplementation of LYC successfully reversed HFD-induced alterations through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic properties. Hence, LYC displayed a therapeutic potential to manage obesity and its associated pathologies.
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Salvatore T, Pafundi PC, Galiero R, Albanese G, Di Martino A, Caturano A, Vetrano E, Rinaldi L, Sasso FC. The Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: The Contributing Pathophysiological Mechanisms. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:695792. [PMID: 34277669 PMCID: PMC8279779 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.695792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) disclose a higher incidence and a poorer prognosis of heart failure (HF) than non-diabetic people, even in the absence of other HF risk factors. The adverse impact of diabetes on HF likely reflects an underlying “diabetic cardiomyopathy” (DM–CMP), which may by exacerbated by left ventricular hypertrophy and coronary artery disease (CAD). The pathogenesis of DM-CMP has been a hot topic of research since its first description and is still under active investigation, as a complex interplay among multiple mechanisms may play a role at systemic, myocardial, and cellular/molecular levels. Among these, metabolic abnormalities such as lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity, mitochondrial damage and dysfunction, oxidative stress, abnormal calcium signaling, inflammation, epigenetic factors, and others. These disturbances predispose the diabetic heart to extracellular remodeling and hypertrophy, thus leading to left ventricular diastolic and systolic dysfunction. This Review aims to outline the major pathophysiological changes and the underlying mechanisms leading to myocardial remodeling and cardiac functional derangement in DM-CMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Salvatore
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Pia Clara Pafundi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Galiero
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetana Albanese
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Di Martino
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Alfredo Caturano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Erica Vetrano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Rinaldi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Carlo Sasso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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Kido K, Bianco C, Caccamo M, Fang W, Sokos G. Association of Body Mass Index With Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction Treated With Sacubitril/Valsartan. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2021; 26:619-624. [PMID: 34138675 DOI: 10.1177/10742484211024441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Only limited data are available that address the association between body mass index (BMI) and clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction who are receiving sacubitril/valsartan. METHODS We performed a retrospective multi-center cohort study in which we compared 3 body mass index groups (normal, overweight and obese groups) in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction receiving sacubitril/valsartan. The follow-up period was at least 1 year. Propensity score weighting was performed. The primary outcomes were hospitalization for heart failure and all-cause mortality. RESULTS Of the 721 patients in the original cohort, propensity score weighting generated a cohort of 540 patients in 3 groups: normal weight (n = 78), overweight (n = 181), and obese (n = 281). All baseline characteristics were well-balanced between 3 groups after propensity score weighting. Among our results, we found no significant differences in hospitalization for heart failure (normal weight versus overweight: average hazard ratio [AHR] 1.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.76-2.20, P = 0.35; normal weight versus obese: AHR 1.04, 95% CI = 0.63-1.70, P = 0.88; overweight versus obese groups: AHR 0.81, 95% CI = 0.54-1.20, P = 0.29) or all-cause mortality (normal weight versus overweight: AHR 0.99, 95% CI = 0.59-1.67, P = 0.97; normal weight versus obese: AHR 0.87, 95% CI = 0.53-1.42, P = 0.57; overweight versus obese: AHR 0.87, 95% CI = 0.58-1.32, P = 0.52). CONCLUSION We identified no significant associations between BMI and clinical outcomes in patients diagnosed with heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction who were treated with sacubitril/valsartan. A large-scale study should be performed to verify these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Kido
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, 12355West Virginia University School of Pharmacy, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Christopher Bianco
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 12355West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Marco Caccamo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 12355West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Wei Fang
- West Virginia Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - George Sokos
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 12355West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Siebert JC, Stanislawski MA, Zaman A, Ostendorf DM, Konigsberg IR, Jambal P, Ir D, Bing K, Wayland L, Scorsone JJ, Lozupone CA, Görg C, Frank DN, Bessesen D, MacLean PS, Melanson EL, Catenacci VA, Borengasser SJ. Multiomic Predictors of Short-Term Weight Loss and Clinical Outcomes During a Behavioral-Based Weight Loss Intervention. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021; 29:859-869. [PMID: 33811477 PMCID: PMC8085074 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Identifying predictors of weight loss and clinical outcomes may increase understanding of individual variability in weight loss response. We hypothesized that baseline multiomic features, including DNA methylation (DNAme), metabolomics, and gut microbiome, would be predictive of short-term changes in body weight and other clinical outcomes within a comprehensive weight loss intervention. METHODS Healthy adults with overweight or obesity (n = 62, age 18-55 years, BMI 27-45 kg/m2 , 75.8% female) participated in a 1-year behavioral weight loss intervention. To identify baseline omic predictors of changes in clinical outcomes at 3 and 6 months, whole-blood DNAme, plasma metabolites, and gut microbial genera were analyzed. RESULTS A network of multiomic relationships informed predictive models for 10 clinical outcomes (body weight, waist circumference, fat mass, hemoglobin A1c , homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, total cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, leptin, and ghrelin) that changed significantly (P < 0.05). For eight of these, adjusted R2 ranged from 0.34 to 0.78. Our models identified specific DNAme sites, gut microbes, and metabolites that were predictive of variability in weight loss, waist circumference, and circulating triglycerides and that are biologically relevant to obesity and metabolic pathways. CONCLUSIONS These data support the feasibility of using baseline multiomic features to provide insight for precision nutrition-based weight loss interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet C. Siebert
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Adnin Zaman
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Danielle M. Ostendorf
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Iain R. Konigsberg
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Purevsuren Jambal
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Diana Ir
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kristen Bing
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Liza Wayland
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jared J. Scorsone
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Catherine A. Lozupone
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Carsten Görg
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Daniel N. Frank
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Daniel Bessesen
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Paul S. MacLean
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Edward L. Melanson
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Eastern Colorado Veterans Affairs Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Victoria A. Catenacci
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sarah J. Borengasser
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Zheng J, Jiang M, Xie Y. Influence of uric acid on the correlation between waist circumference and triglyceride glucose index: an analysis from CHARLS. Lipids Health Dis 2021; 20:42. [PMID: 33931084 PMCID: PMC8086271 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-021-01474-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Waist circumference (WC) and uric acid (UA) are significantly related. Still, their temporal sequence and how the sequence works on future risk of triglyceride glucose (TyG) are unknown, especially in the Chinese population. Methods Cross-lagged panel model was used to analyze the reciprocal, longitudinal relationships among a set of interrelated variables. The mediation model was constructed to test the effect of the relationship between WC and UA on TyG. Results A total of 5727 subjects were enrolled in our study population, of which 53.5% were women, and the mean age was 59.0 (standard deviation, 8.62) years. After adjusting for traditional confounding factors, the results showed that a higher level of baseline WC was significantly associated with a higher level of follow-up UA (β = 0.003, P = 0.031) and follow-up TyG (β = 0.003, P < 0.001);. Simultaneously, there was no statistical association between the level of baseline UA and the level of follow-up WC (β = − 0.009, P = 0.951). The mediation effects of UA on WC-TyG were estimated to be 18.1% in adults, and 36.2% in women. Conclusions The current study demonstrated that higher baseline level of WC probably preceded UA’ level in general population. In addition, UA mediated the relationship of WC to TyG, especially in females. And the possible mechanism would require further clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zheng
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, P. R. China.
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yanxia Xie
- National Office for Maternal and Child Health Surveillance of China, Department of Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
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22
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Yang HY, Wang WH, Zhan JY, Huang YL, Cheng WY. Beneficial Effects of Golden Kiwifruit Consumption in Overweight and Obese Young Adults. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2021; 66:S356-S360. [PMID: 33612624 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.66.s356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are associated with many chronic diseases. This study aimed to clarify the possible effects of consuming golden kiwifruit as daily fruit intake on body composition, lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses. METHODS We recruited twenty-two overweight and obese subjects and they were asked to consume two golden kiwifruit every day during the 6-wk experimental period. At the baseline and end of the study, fasting blood samples were collected and anthropometric and blood pressure measurement were conducted. RESULTS During the experimental period, no adverse effect and dropout were reported. At the end of the study, a significant decrease in body fat and circulatory tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α concentration were found. In addition, there was a reduction of angiotensin II (AgII) concentration and systolic blood pressure in subjects with baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥125 mmHg. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that daily golden kiwifruit intake can reduce body fat mass, improve blood pressure and regulating inflammatory responses in overweight and obese young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Yang
- Department of Nutritional Science, Fu Jen Catholic University
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23
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Qiao W, Zhang X, Kan B, Vuong AM, Xue S, Zhang Y, Li B, Zhao Q, Guo D, Shen X, Yang S. Hypertension, BMI, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Open Med (Wars) 2021; 16:149-155. [PMID: 33585690 PMCID: PMC7862997 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is associated with body mass index (BMI) and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CCDs). Whether hypertension modifies the relationship between BMI and CCDs is still unclear. We examined the association between BMI and CCDs and tested whether effect measure modification was present by hypertension. We identified a population-based sample of 3,942 participants in Shuncheng, Fushun, Liaoning, China. Hypertension was defined as any past use of antihypertensive medication or having a measured systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥130/80 mm Hg. BMI was calculated from measured body weight and body height. Data on diagnosed CCDs were self-reported and validated in the medical records. We used logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between BMI and CCDs. Higher BMI was associated with increased odds of having CCDs (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.07–1.31). This association was significantly modified by hypertension (P for interaction <0.001), with positive associations observed among hypertensive individuals (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.14–1.42). Age, sex, and diabetic status did not modify the relationship between BMI and CCDs (all P for interaction >0.10). Although higher BMI was associated with increased odds of CCDs, the relationship was mainly limited to hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Qiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 232-1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Department of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases Control, Disease Prevention and Control Center, Fushun, Liaoning, China
| | - Bo Kan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Bethune Second Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ann M Vuong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, United States of America
| | - Shanshan Xue
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 232-1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yuzheng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 232-1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Binbin Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 232-1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 232-1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Dingjie Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 232-1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Xue Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 232-1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Shuman Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, 232-1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
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24
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El Missiri A, Abdel Halim WA, Almaweri AS, Mohamed TR. Effect of a phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation program on obese and non-obese patients with stable coronary artery disease. Egypt Heart J 2021; 73:4. [PMID: 33411160 PMCID: PMC7790927 DOI: 10.1186/s43044-020-00119-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality effects. Cardiac rehabilitation programs cause a significant reduction in cardiovascular mortality and a reduction in all cardiovascular risk factors. Up to 80% of patients referred to cardiac rehabilitation programs are either overweight or obese. This study aimed to compare the effects of a phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation program on obese and non-obese patients with stable coronary artery disease following total revascularization by coronary angioplasty. Results This was a prospective study including 120 patients with stable coronary artery disease. Patients were enrolled in a 12-week phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation program. Patients were classified into two groups based on their body mass index (BMI): those with a BMI < 30 kg/m2 were considered non-obese (n = 58) while those with a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 were considered obese (n = 62). At baseline, BMI and blood pressure (BP) were recorded; fasting blood sugar, triglyceride levels, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were assessed; and echocardiography was used to measure left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). These were re-assessed after completion of the program. At baseline, there were more females in the obese group 20 (32.25%) vs 6 (10.13%) (p = 0.04), more hypertensives (p = 0.023), and less smokers 32 (51%) vs 46 (79%) (p = 0.025). Obese patients achieved fewer metabolic equivalent of tasks (METs) 7.97 ± 2.4 vs 9.74 ± 2.47 (p = 0.007) and had higher LDL-C levels 121.63 ± 36.52 mg/dl vs 95.73 ± 31.51 mg/dl (p = 0.005). At the end of the program, obese patients showed more reduction in BMI − 1.78 ± 1.46 kg/m2 vs − 0. 60 ± 0.70 kg/m2 (p < 0.001) and systolic and diastolic BP (p = 0.016 and 0.038, respectively). LDL-C level was more reduced in the obese group − 25.76 ± 14.19 mg/dl vs − 17.37 ± 13.28 mg/dl (p = 0.022). Non-obese patients had more increase in LVEF (p = 0.024). There was no difference between obese and non-obese patients in the magnitude of increase in METs achieved (p = 0.21). Conclusion Cardiac rehabilitation programs lead to an improvement in cardiovascular disease risk factors with more reduction in BMI, BP, and LDL-C levels in obese patients compared to non-obese ones. LVEF was more increased in non-obese individuals. Exercise capacity in the form of METs achieved was equally improved in both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed El Missiri
- Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassia Square, Abbasia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Walaa Adel Abdel Halim
- Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassia Square, Abbasia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Abdo Saleh Almaweri
- Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassia Square, Abbasia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Tarek Rashid Mohamed
- Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbassia Square, Abbasia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
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25
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Song S, Niu M, Liang Q, Wang L, Min H, Peng Y, Wang H, Gao Q. Statin Treatment Induced a Lipogenic Expression Hierarchical Network Centered by SREBF2 in the Liver. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:573824. [PMID: 34349727 PMCID: PMC8326809 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.573824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Statin treatment is a major prevention treatment for hypercholesterolemia and the management of patients with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to its protective effects. However, its long-term safety was questioned regarding its potential role in new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus, and its effect on gene regulation in the liver is not yet fully understood. By reanalyzing the transcriptome of the livers of patients with obesity and hypercholesterolemia, this study shows a multiple module organization that is related to various clinical metabolic parameters and identified an expression hierarchical network involving cholesterol and fatty acid syntheses in the liver of statin-treated patients. The key genes of the network were validated by QPCR in the hepatocytes upon statin treatment. The upregulation of the key enzymes involving the synthesis of Acetyl-CoA and the induction of gentle global acetylation of pan-protein and histone H4 in hepatocytes were observed. The study provides an overall view of the statin effect on transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of genes in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Song
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengyuan Niu
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiao Liang
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyan Min
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuming Peng
- Department of General Practice of Central Hospital of Karamay, Karamay, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Gao, ; Hongwei Wang,
| | - Qian Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Gao, ; Hongwei Wang,
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26
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Yoo JH, Park SW, Jun JE, Jin SM, Hur KY, Lee MK, Kang M, Kim G, Kim JH. Relationship between low skeletal muscle mass, sarcopenic obesity and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in Korean adults. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2021; 37:e3363. [PMID: 32521113 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is an emerging global health issue attributed to an ageing population. However, the association between low skeletal muscle mass, sarcopenic obesity, and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction remains unclear. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between low skeletal muscle mass, sarcopenic obesity, and diastolic dysfunction in a large cohort of Korean adults. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 31 258 subjects who underwent health examinations at Samsung Medical Centre's Health Promotion Centre in Seoul, Republic of Korea. Relative skeletal muscle mass was calculated using the skeletal muscle mass index [SMI (%) = appendicular skeletal muscle mass (kg)/body weight (kg) × 100], which was estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Cardiac structure and function were evaluated by echocardiography. RESULTS Amongst the 31 258 subjects, 3058 (9.78%) were determined to have diastolic dysfunction. The odds ratio (OR) of diastolic dysfunction was 1.56 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.31-1.85; p for trend <0.001] for the lowest SMI tertile relative to the highest SMI tertile following multivariable adjustment. Furthermore, the risk of diastolic dysfunction was much higher in the sarcopenic obesity (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.44-1.99), followed by in the obesity-only (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.21-1.62), and sarcopenia-only (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.08-1.61) when compared with the nonobese, nonsarcopenic group. These results remained consistent amongst the elderly (age ≥ 65 years). CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that lower skeletal muscle mass and sarcopenic obesity are strongly associated with diastolic dysfunction in middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Hee Yoo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Sung Woon Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Jun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Man Jin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyu Yeon Hur
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Moon-Kyu Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mira Kang
- Department of Digital Health, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Health Promotion, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gyuri Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Hyeon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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27
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Macek P, Terek-Derszniak M, Biskup M, Krol H, Smok-Kalwat J, Gozdz S, Zak M. Assessment of Age-Induced Changes in Body Fat Percentage and BMI Aided by Bayesian Modelling: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study in Middle-Aged and Older Adults. Clin Interv Aging 2020; 15:2301-2311. [PMID: 33335389 PMCID: PMC7737547 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s277171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Loss of fat-free mass (FFM) and gain in body fat (BF) are the key disability risk factors, also instrumental in perpetuating already existing functional disorders. Obesity construed in terms of body mass index (BMI) values, in view of undesirable gain in BF, is a risk factor for cardio-metabolic disorders. Both detrimental processes clearly evidence a scope of involutionary changes characteristic of an aging population, also standing for one of its greatest burdens. Purpose The present study aimed to assess the changes in body composition (BC), in conjunction with the relationship between BF% and BMI, for defining overweight and obesity status in middle-aged and older adults, against the select indicator variables under study. Materials and Methods The study involved 4799 individuals (33.7% men), PONS Project participants, aged 43-64 years. BF% was measured with the aid of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) method. Age-induced changes in BC were determined against BF%, fat mass (FM), FFM, BMI, fat mass index (FMI), and fat-free mass index (FFMI). The relationship between BF% and BMI was established with the aid of Bayesian regression models, adjusted for gender and age. Results In both genders, BF% increased with age at a similar annual rate. The reduction of FFM was noted mainly in men, which in conjunction with BF% gain ensured BMI stability. The increase in BF% in women with stable FFM affected an increase in BMI. Regardless of the BMI threshold, the anticipated (predicted) BF% increased with age in both genders. Conclusion Monitoring of BC is of particular importance in older adults, in view of appreciably better characteristics of both the short- and long-term health predictors, as well as overall potential for developing specifically targeted, effective health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Macek
- Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland.,Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
| | | | - Malgorzata Biskup
- Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland.,Department of Rehabilitation, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
| | - Halina Krol
- Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland.,Research and Education Department, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
| | | | - Stanislaw Gozdz
- Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland.,Clinical Oncology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
| | - Marek Zak
- Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
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28
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Shah VN, Grimsmann JM, Foster NC, Dost A, Miller KM, Pavel M, Weinstock RS, Karges W, Maahs DM, Holl RW. Undertreatment of cardiovascular risk factors in the type 1 diabetes exchange clinic network (United States) and the prospective diabetes follow-up (Germany/Austria) registries. Diabetes Obes Metab 2020; 22:1577-1585. [PMID: 32329127 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the control of cardiovascular risk factors in type 1 diabetes (T1D) registries from the United States and Germany/Austria. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data on individuals aged ≥12 years with T1D for ≥1 year, from the T1D Exchange Clinic Network (T1DX, United States) and the Prospective Diabetes Follow-up Registry (DPV, Germany/Austria) from 1 January 2016 to 31 March 2018 were analysed. Linear and logistic regression models adjusted for age groups, sex, duration of diabetes and minority status were used to compare clinical characteristics and achievement of diabetes management targets between registries. RESULTS The cohort consisted of 47 936 patients (T1DX, n = 19 442; DPV, n = 28 494). Achievement of HbA1c goals (<7.0%, ages 18-65 years; all others, <7.5%) was better in the DPV for those aged <65 years (all P < .001). However, more older adults (aged ≥65 years) in the T1DX achieved an HbA1c goal of <7.5% compared with DPV (70% vs. 50%, P < .001). The frequency of patients with overweight (53% vs. 51%, P < .001) and obesity (19% vs. 9%, P < .001) was higher in T1DX. The frequency of meeting blood pressure goals (84% vs. 66%, P < .001) and lipid goals (73% vs. 62%, P < .001) was higher in T1DX; this was observed across all age groups (all P < .001). Few young adults aged <26 years received antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medications, respectively, despite indications in both registries (T1DX: 5% and 3%, DPV: 3% and 1%). CONCLUSION A minority of patients with T1D achieve glycaemic targets and the majority are inadequately treated for hypertension and dyslipidaemia. This highlights the need for improved diabetes and cardiovascular risk management strategies in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viral N Shah
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Julia M Grimsmann
- Institute for Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Axel Dost
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Marianne Pavel
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ruth S Weinstock
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Wolfram Karges
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - David M Maahs
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Reinhard W Holl
- Institute for Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
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29
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Macek P, Biskup M, Terek-Derszniak M, Krol H, Smok-Kalwat J, Gozdz S, Zak M. Optimal cut-off values for anthropometric measures of obesity in screening for cardiometabolic disorders in adults. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11253. [PMID: 32647283 PMCID: PMC7347554 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68265-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive accumulation of body fat (BF) promotes obesity, whilst posing a significant health hazard. There being no agreed, optimal quantifying methods, application of BF variable in clinical practice is not deemed an effective assessment option. The study, involving 4,735 patients (33.6% men), aged 45-64, aimed to identify optimal cut-off values for anthropometric indicators of obesity to evaluate cardiometabolic risk. A minimum P-value approach was applied to calculate the cut-offs for BF%. Threshold values for body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height (WHTR) ratio, facilitating optimal differentiation of cardiometabolic risk, were based on BF%, expressed as a binary classifier. The newly estimated cut-off values for predicting cardiometabolic risk, based on BMI, were lower than the referential obesity thresholds, whereas the threshold values of WC, WHR, and WHTR were higher. Apart from dyslipidemia, the odds of cardiometabolic disorders were higher, when the anthropometric indicators under study exceeded the cut-off points in both sexes. The proposed cut-offs proved instrumental in predicting cardiometabolic risk, whilst highlighting diagnostic and clinical potential of BF%, whereas BMI boasted the highest predictive potential. Cardiometabolic risk also proved significantly higher even in the overweight patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Macek
- Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317, Kielce, Poland
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734, Kielce, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Biskup
- Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317, Kielce, Poland
- Department of Rehabilitation, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734, Kielce, Poland
| | | | - Halina Krol
- Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317, Kielce, Poland
- Research and Education Department, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734, Kielce, Poland
| | | | - Stanislaw Gozdz
- Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317, Kielce, Poland
- Clinical Oncology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Centre, 25-734, Kielce, Poland
| | - Marek Zak
- Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317, Kielce, Poland.
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30
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Boldt K, Rios JL, Joumaa V, Herzog W. Mechanical function of cardiac fibre bundles is partly protected by exercise in response to diet-induced obesity in rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 46:46-54. [PMID: 32598858 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Decrements in contractile function resulting from obesity are thought to be major reasons for the link between obesity and cardiovascular disease, while exercise has been shown to improve cardiac muscle contractile function. The purpose of this study was to evaluate cardiac contractile properties following obesity induction and the potential protective effect of exercise. Twelve-week-old rats (n = 30) were organized into either a chow diet or a high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diet group. Following 12 weeks of obesity induction the HFHS group animals were stratified and grouped into sedentary (HFHS+Sed) and exercise (HFHS+Ex) groups for an additional 12 weeks. Following 24 weeks of diet intervention, with 12 weeks of aerobic exercise (25 m/min, 30 min/day, 5 days/week) for the HFHS+Ex group, skinned cardiac fibre bundle testing was used to evaluate cardiac contractile properties. Body fat and mass were significantly greater in the HFHS-fed animals compared with the chow controls (p < 0.043). Hearts from rats in the HFHS+Sed group had significantly greater mass (p < 0.03), significantly slower maximum shortening velocity (p = 0.001), and tended to have lower calcium sensitivity (p = 0.077) and a lower proportion of α-myosin heavy chain composition (p = 0.074) than the sedentary chow animals. However, 12 weeks of moderate aerobic exercise partially prevented these decrements in contractile properties. Novelty Cardiac muscle from animals exposed to an obesogenic diet for 24 weeks had impaired contractile properties compared with controls. Obesity-induced impairment of contractile properties of the heart were partially prevented by a 12-week aerobic exercise regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Boldt
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.,Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Jaqueline Lourdes Rios
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.,Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Venus Joumaa
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.,Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Walter Herzog
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.,Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.,Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina, SC 88040-900, Brazil
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31
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Brum RS, Duarte PM, Canto GDL, Flores-Mir C, Benfatti CAM, Porporatti AL, Zimmermann GS. Biomarkers in biological fluids in adults with periodontitis and/or obesity: A meta-analysis. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2020; 24:191-215. [PMID: 32773969 PMCID: PMC7307467 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_512_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and periodontal diseases have been investigated to be interconnected, but the molecular mechanism underlying this association is still not clear. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the association of serum, salivary and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) inflammatory markers (IMs), obesity, and periodontitis. Studies that evaluated IM of adults according to obesity status (O) and periodontitis status (P) (O+P+; O-P+; O+P-) were screened on several electronic databases and grey literature up until February 2019. Risk of bias assessment and level of evidence were evaluated through Fowkes and Fulton scale and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Meta-analyses were grouped according to the biological matrix studied (serum/GCF) and groups (O+P+ vs. O−P+/O+P+ vs. O+P−). Out of the 832 studies screened, 21 were considered in qualitative synthesis and 15 in quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis). Although included studies showed mostly “no” or “minor” problems during the quality assessment, GRADE assessment indicated very low to moderate level of evidence based on the question answered. O+P+ adults exhibited significantly higher serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), leptin, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-alpha) and higher resistin GCF levels than O−P+. O+P+ adults showed significantly higher serum levels of IL-6 and leptin and lower adiponectin serum levels than O+P−. Only qualitative information could be obtained of the IM vaspin, omentin-1, chemerin, IL-10, progranulin, MCP-4, IL-1β, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Obesity and periodontitis, together or separately, are associated with altered serum and GCF levels of CRP, IL-6, leptin, TNF-alpha, adiponectin, and resistin. It was not possible to evaluate the association between obesity and periodontitis at salivary levels. The role of recently investigated biomarkers as vaspin, omentin-1, chemerin, IL-10, progranulin, MCP-4, IL-1β, and IFN-γ, which can be key points underlying the association between obesity and periodontitis, remains to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Scheeren Brum
- Department of Dentistry, Centre of Education and Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Poliana Mendes Duarte
- Department of Dentistry, University of Guarulhos, Guarulhos, Brazil.,Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Graziela De Luca Canto
- Department of Dentistry, Brazilian Centre for Evidence-Based Research, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Carlos Flores-Mir
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - César Augusto Magalhães Benfatti
- Department of Dentistry, Centre of Education and Research on Dental Implants (CEPID), Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - André Luís Porporatti
- Department of Dentistry, Brazilian Centre for Evidence-Based Research, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Gláucia Santos Zimmermann
- Department of Dentistry, Brazilian Centre for Evidence-Based Research, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Lim LL, Lau ESH, Fung E, Lee HM, Ma RCW, Tam CHT, Wong WKK, Ng ACW, Chow E, Luk AOY, Jenkins A, Chan JCN, Kong APS. Circulating branched-chain amino acids and incident heart failure in type 2 diabetes: The Hong Kong Diabetes Register. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2020; 36:e3253. [PMID: 31957226 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM Levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs, namely, isoleucine, leucine, and valine) are modulated by dietary intake and metabolic/genetic factors. BCAAs are associated with insulin resistance and increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although insulin resistance predicts heart failure (HF), the relationship between BCAAs and HF in T2D remains unknown. METHODS In this prospective observational study, we measured BCAAs in fasting serum samples collected at inception from 2139 T2D patients free of cardiovascular-renal diseases. The study outcome was the first hospitalization for HF. RESULTS During 29 103 person-years of follow-up, 115 primary events occurred (age: 54.8 ± 11.2 years, 48.2% men, median [interquartile range] diabetes duration: 5 years [1-10]). Patients with incident HF had 5.6% higher serum BCAAs than those without HF (median 639.3 [561.3-756.3] vs 605.2 [524.8-708.7] μmol/L; P = .01). Serum BCAAs had a positive linear association with incident HF (per-SD increase in logarithmically transformed BCAAs: hazard ratio [HR] 1.22 [95% CI 1.07-1.39]), adjusting for age, sex, and diabetes duration. The HR remained significant after sequential adjustment of risk factors including incident coronary heart disease (1.24, 1.09-1.41); blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and baseline use of related medications (1.31, 1.14-1.50); HbA1c , waist circumference, triglyceride, and baseline use of related medications (1.28, 1.11-1.48); albuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (1.28, 1.11-1.48). The competing risk of death analyses showed similar results. CONCLUSIONS Circulating levels of BCAAs are independently associated with incident HF in patients with T2D. Prospective cohort analysis and randomized trials are needed to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of using different interventions to optimize BCAAs levels in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee-Ling Lim
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Asia Diabetes Foundation, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Eric S H Lau
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Asia Diabetes Foundation, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Erik Fung
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Laboratory for Heart Failure and Circulation Research, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Faculty of Medicine, Gerald Choa Cardiac Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Faculty of Medicine, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Heung-Man Lee
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ronald C W Ma
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Claudia H T Tam
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Willy K K Wong
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Alex C W Ng
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Elaine Chow
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Andrea O Y Luk
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Alicia Jenkins
- National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Juliana C N Chan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Asia Diabetes Foundation, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Alice P S Kong
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Wei Y, Wang J, Han X, Yu C, Wang F, Yuan J, Miao X, Yao P, Wei S, Wang Y, Liang Y, Zhang X, Guo H, Zheng D, Tang Y, Yang H, He M. Metabolically healthy obesity increased diabetes incidence in a middle-aged and elderly Chinese population. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2020; 36:e3202. [PMID: 31291052 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined the association between metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and diabetes incidence in a middle-aged and elderly population and whether the association differed by the presence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS We examined 17 801 participants without diabetes at study entry (7980 males and 9821 females with a mean age of 63.2 years) derived from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort study (median follow-up: 4.6 years). Participants were divided into six groups based on BMI (normal weight, overweight, or obese) and metabolic health (healthy/unhealthy) defined by the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. The MHO was defined as BMI greater than 28.0 kg/m2 with 0 or 1 of four metabolic abnormalities (elevated blood pressure, triglyceridaemia, hyperglycaemia, low HDL cholesterol). The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for incident diabetes were derived from the Cox proportional hazard regression model. RESULTS During 79 843 person-years of follow-up, 1453 individuals developed diabetes. Compared with metabolically healthy normal weight (MH-NW) individuals, the multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CI) were 1.74 (1.16-2.59) for MHO and 2.15 (1.65-2.81) for metabolically unhealthy obese subjects after adjusting for age, sex, smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, family history of diabetes, fasting glucose, waist circumference, and NAFLD. Among those without NAFLD, MHO individuals showed higher incidence of diabetes (multivariate-adjusted HR = 2.71, 95% CI: 1.47-5.00) than MH-NW individuals. CONCLUSIONS The MHO phenotype was associated with increased incidence of diabetes in a middle-aged and elderly population, and the association did not differ by the presence or absence of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Caizheng Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoping Miao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Yao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng Wei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Youjie Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Liang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Zheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuhan Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Handong Yang
- Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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D'Onofrio L, Maddaloni E, Buzzetti R. Osteocalcin and sclerostin: Background characters or main actors in cardiovascular disease? Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2020; 36:e3217. [PMID: 31600861 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca D'Onofrio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ernesto Maddaloni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaella Buzzetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Livshits G, Kalinkovich A. Inflammaging as a common ground for the development and maintenance of sarcopenia, obesity, cardiomyopathy and dysbiosis. Ageing Res Rev 2019; 56:100980. [PMID: 31726228 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia, obesity and their coexistence, obese sarcopenia (OBSP) as well as atherosclerosis-related cardio-vascular diseases (ACVDs), including chronic heart failure (CHF), are among the greatest public health concerns in the ageing population. A clear age-dependent increased prevalence of sarcopenia and OBSP has been registered in CHF patients, suggesting mechanistic relationships. Development of OBSP could be mediated by a crosstalk between the visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) and the skeletal muscle under conditions of low-grade local and systemic inflammation, inflammaging. The present review summarizes the emerging data supporting the idea that inflammaging may serve as a mutual mechanism governing the development of sarcopenia, OBSP and ACVDs. In support of this hypothesis, various immune cells release pro-inflammatory mediators in the skeletal muscle and myocardium. Subsequently, the endothelial structure is disrupted, and cellular processes, such as mitochondrial activity, mitophagy, and autophagy are impaired. Inflamed myocytes lose their contractile properties, which is characteristic of sarcopenia and CHF. Inflammation may increase the risk of ACVD events in a hyperlipidemia-independent manner. Significant reduction of ACVD event rates, without the lowering of plasma lipids, following a specific targeting of key pro-inflammatory cytokines confirms a key role of inflammation in ACVD pathogenesis. Gut dysbiosis, an imbalanced gut microbial community, is known to be deeply involved in the pathogenesis of age-associated sarcopenia and ACVDs by inducing and supporting inflammaging. Dysbiosis induces the production of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), which is implicated in atherosclerosis, thrombosis, metabolic syndrome, hypertension and poor CHF prognosis. In OBSP, AT dysfunction and inflammation induce, in concert with dysbiosis, lipotoxicity and other pathophysiological processes, thus exacerbating sarcopenia and CHF. Administration of specialized, inflammation pro-resolving mediators has been shown to ameliorate the inflammatory manifestations. Considering all these findings, we hypothesize that sarcopenia, OBSP, CHF and dysbiosis are inflammaging-oriented disorders, whereby inflammaging is common and most probably the causative mechanism driving their pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Livshits
- Human Population Biology Research Unit, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel.; Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel..
| | - Alexander Kalinkovich
- Human Population Biology Research Unit, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
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36
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Kouvari M, Panagiotakos DB, Chrysohoou C, Notara V, Georgousopoulou EN, Yannakoulia M, Tousoulis D, Pitsavos C. A sex-specific evaluation of predicted lean and fat mass composition and cardiovascular disease onset and progression: A combined analysis of the ATTICA and GREECS prospective epidemiological studies. Obes Res Clin Pract 2019; 13:469-477. [PMID: 31594698 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association of predicted lean and fat mass on 10-year first and recurrent CVD incidence separately for men and women. METHODS Two prospective studies, ATTICA (2002-2012, n=3042 subjects free-of-CVD, n=1514 men (46±13 years) and n=1528 women (45±14 years)) and GREECS (2004-2014, n=2172 subjects with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), n=1649 men (65±13 years) and n=523 women (62±11 years)) were used. Lean mass index (LMI) and fat mass index (FMI) were created through total body lean and fat mass (indirectly calculated through population formulas based on body weight, height and waist circumference) divided by height squared. Follow-up was performed in n=2020 of ATTICA (n=317 first CVD events) and in n=2172 patients of GREECS (n=811 recurrent CVD events). RESULTS In ATTICA study, CVD rate from 1st to 3rd FMI tertile was 9.4%, 16.1% and 19.9% while in GREECS 36.2%, 37.0%, 38.3%. The LMI-related rates were 17.1%, 15.0% and 11.9% vs. 38.8%, 35.8% and 36.7%. Multiadjusted analysis revealed U-shape trend between LMI and CVD recurrence with 2nd LMI tertile having the best prognosis; this observation was more evident in women. In apparently healthy subjects, LMI-cardioprotective association was revealed only in 3rd tertile (HR=0.91 95%CI (0.74, 0.95)); this was more evident in men. The FMI aggravating association (3rd tertile) was retained significant only in healthy women and ACS men. CONCLUSION This work expands previous findings regarding body composition and cardiac health, implying that the association of lean and fat mass on long-term CVD incidence varies according to sex and prevention stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matina Kouvari
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece; Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Australia.
| | | | - Venetia Notara
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece; Department of Public Health & Community Health, Technological Educational Institute of Athens, Greece
| | - Ekavi N Georgousopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece; School of Medicine, Sydney, The University of Notre Dame, Sydney, Australia; Medical School, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Christos Pitsavos
- First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece
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León J, Sáenz JM, Artacho-Cordón F, Fernández MF, Martin-Olmedo P, Salamanca-Fernández E, Gómez-Peña C, Olea N, Arrebola JP. Contribution of sociodemographic, occupational, lifestyle and dietary characteristics to the oxidative stress microenvironment in adipose tissue. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 175:52-62. [PMID: 31102949 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conceived on the basis of the few previous reports suggesting a potential relevance of the oxidative stress microenvironment in the adipose tissue, a biological matrix which is closely related to the development of several chronic pathologies. Thus, our aim was to describe the levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and markers of oxidative damage in adipose tissue samples from a Spanish cohort, as well as their main sociodemographic, lifestyle, and dietary predictors. The study was conducted in a subsample (n = 271 adults) of GraMo cohort, recruited in Granada (Southern Spain). A face-to-face questionnaire was used to gather data regarding sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, dietary habits, health status, and perceived exposure to chemicals. We analyzed adipose tissue levels of lipid peroxidation (TBARS), total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) activity, and glutathione cycle biomarkers. Potential predictors of oxidative stress markers were assessed using stepwise multivariable linear regression analyses. SOD and TBARS levels were mainly related to sociodemographic and occupational characteristics, while the components of the glutathione cycle and HO-1 were predominantly associated with dietary habits. Men showed significantly lower levels of oxidative stress levels than women. In the regression models including only women, the use of oral contraceptive and hormonal therapy was associated with lower levels of oxidative stress, while the number of children was positively associated with increased oxidative biomarkers. Our results suggest that adipose tissue is potentially important matrix for the assessment of oxidative stress, which can be affected by specific environmental factors. These findings might be relevant for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefa León
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio de Granada, Spain; CIBER en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Spain
| | - José M Sáenz
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain
| | - Francisco Artacho-Cordón
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; University of Granada, Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Mariana F Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; University of Granada, Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Piedad Martin-Olmedo
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
| | - Elena Salamanca-Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, Spain
| | - Celia Gómez-Peña
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Farmacia Hospitalaria, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Nicolás Olea
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; University of Granada, Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan P Arrebola
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; University of Granada, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Spain.
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Francesquet M, Silva PTD, Schneiders LDB, Silveira JFDCD, Soares SS, Tornquist D, Reuter CP. Youth overweight/obesity and its relationship with cardiovascular disease and parental risk factors. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2019; 63:411-416. [PMID: 31365629 PMCID: PMC10528646 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prevalence of overweight and obesity is gradually increasing in both developed and developing countries. Obesity, for instance, can present multifactorial causes that interact with each other. Among the important factors, parental obesity plays a prominent role in the onset of obesity during childhood and teenage years through genetics and ambient aspects. This study aims to verify the possible existence of an association between overweight/obesity of schoolchildren and cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors for their parents. SUBJETCS AND METHODS For this purpose, a cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 1,243 children and adolescents, aged between 7 and 17. Out of the total number of participants, 563 (45.3%) were boys who were selected across 19 schools in the urban and rural areas of Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). The overweight/obesity status of the schoolchildren was evaluated through their body mass index (BMI). Additionally, a self-reference questionnaire was employed to measure their parents' CVR. RESULTS The results of this study revealed that students with overweight/obesity have a higher probability of having a father with hypertension (OR = 1.49; p = 0.038) and obesity (OR = 2.36; p = 0.002) and a mother with obesity (OR = 1.72; p = 0.016). CONCLUSION To conclude, this study confirms a relationship between overweight/obesity of schoolchildren with CVR for their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Priscila Tatiana da Silva
- Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde, Associação Pró-Ensino em Santa Cruz do Sul/Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (APESC/UNISC), Hospital Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brasil
| | - Letícia de Borba Schneiders
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Promoção da Saúde (Mestrado e Doutorado), Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brasil
| | | | - Silvana Silveira Soares
- Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde, Associação Pró-Ensino em Santa Cruz do Sul/Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (APESC/UNISC), Hospital Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brasil
| | | | - Cézane Priscila Reuter
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Promoção da Saúde (Mestrado e Doutorado), Departamento de Educação Física e Saúde, Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brasil
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Shen XB, Zhang YX, Wang W, Pan YY. The Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, and Platelet (HALP) Score in Patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer Before First-Line Treatment with Etoposide and Progression-Free Survival. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:5630-5639. [PMID: 31356586 PMCID: PMC6685331 DOI: 10.12659/msm.917968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score is a prognostic factor in patients who have some types of malignant tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of the HALP score in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) before first-line treatment with etoposide. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective study included 178 patients with SCLC who received first-line chemotherapy with etoposide between September 2015 and May 2019. The baseline clinical characteristics and blood parameters were recorded. Univariate and multivariate analysis and Kaplan-Meier plots were used to identify the factors associated with progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS The optimal cut-off values of the HALP score was determined by X-tile software to be 25.8. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that in 178 patients, the HALP score, body mass index (BMI), and serum albumin levels had no prognostic significance. In the patient age group <65 years, a BMI ≥24 kg/m² was an independent prognostic factor (HR, 1.943; 95% CI, 1.251-3.018) (P=0.003). In the patient age group ≥65 years, a HALP score >25.8 was an independent positive prognostic factor for outcome following first-line treatment with etoposide (HR, 0.483; 95% CI, 0.270-0.865) (P=0.014). CONCLUSIONS In patients <65 years with SCLC who underwent first-line treatment with etoposide, a BMI ≥24 kg/m² an independent prognostic factor, and in patients ≥65 years, a HALP score >25.8 was an independent predictor of improved outcome, associated with increased PFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia-Bo Shen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland).,Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Yu-Xin Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland).,Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Yue-Yin Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland).,Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
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Chico-Barba G, Jiménez-Limas K, Sánchez-Jiménez B, Sámano R, Rodríguez-Ventura AL, Castillo-Pérez R, Tolentino M. Burnout and Metabolic Syndrome in Female Nurses: An Observational Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E1993. [PMID: 31195593 PMCID: PMC6603913 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16111993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nurses are at risk of having burnout due to workload and job stress-studies have reported that chronic stress is associated with metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to assess the association between burnout and metabolic syndrome in a sample of female nurses. Data were collected from a cross-sectional study from 2016 to 2018 in a tertiary hospital in Mexico City. All nurses that work in the hospital were invited to participate. Information pertaining to sociodemographic (age, education level), work (labor seniority, service area, shift work), anthropometric (weight, waist circumference, blood pressure) and biochemical (glucose, serum lipids) variables were collected. Burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory test, and metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. A total of 168 nurses participated with a median age of 44 years. The prevalence of burnout and metabolic syndrome was 19.6% and 38.7%, respectively. There was no association between burnout and metabolic syndrome (p = 0.373). However, associations of emotional exhaustion (aOR: 14.95; 95% CI: 1.5-148.7), personal accomplishment (aOR: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.01-0.99), and night shift (aOR: 12.39; 95% CI: 1.02-150.5) with increased waist circumference were found. Strategies are needed to prevent burnout and metabolic syndrome in nurses, especially in those who work at night shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Chico-Barba
- Departmento de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico.
- Escuela de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Panamericana, Ciudad de México 03920, Mexico.
| | - Karime Jiménez-Limas
- Escuela de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Panamericana, Ciudad de México 03920, Mexico.
| | - Bernarda Sánchez-Jiménez
- Subdirección de Investigación en Intervenciones Comunitarias, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico.
| | - Reyna Sámano
- Departmento de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico.
| | - Ana Lilia Rodríguez-Ventura
- Departmento de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico.
| | - Rafael Castillo-Pérez
- Departmento de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico.
| | - Maricruz Tolentino
- Departmento de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico.
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Urrunaga-Pastor D, De La Fuente-Carmelino L, Toro-Huamanchumo CJ, Pérez-Zavala M, Benites-Zapata VA. Association between waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio with insulin resistance biomarkers in normal-weight adults working in a private educational institution. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:2041-2047. [PMID: 31235134 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the association between elevated waist circumference (WC) and high waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) with insulin resistance biomarkers. METHODS We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study in normal-weight adults. Participants were divided in two groups according to WC or WHtR levels. We considered values of WC ≥ 90 in male participants and WC ≥ 80 in adult women as elevated, and values of WHtR≥0.50 as high, for both genders. Our outcomes were high triglycerides to HDL-cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio and elevated triglycerides and glucose index (TGI). We considered values of TG/HDL-C ratio ≥ 3 as high and TGI values ≥ 8.37 as elevated. We elaborated crude and adjusted Poisson generalized linear models to evaluate the proposed associations and explored the gender interaction using stratified models. We reported the prevalence ratio (PR) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS We analyzed 355 participants. The prevalence of elevated WC and high WHtR was 17.2% (n = 61) and 33.2% (n = 118), respectively, while the prevalence of high TG/HDL-C ratio and elevated TGI was 24.8% (n = 88) and 12.7% (n = 45), respectively. In the adjusted regression model, elevated WC was associated with high TG/HDL-C ratio only in female participants (aPR = 3.61; 95%CI: 1.59-8.20). Similarly, high WHtR was associated with high TG/HDL-C ratio in women (aPR = 2.54; 95%CI:1.08-5.97). We found an association with statistically marginal significance between elevated WC and elevated TGI in women (aPR = 1.54; 95%CI: 0.95-2.50); as well as for the association between high WHtR and elevated TGI in male participants (aPR = 1.87; 95%CI: 1.00-3.50). CONCLUSION Elevated WC and high WHtR were associated with a high TG/HDL-C ratio in women. It is necessary to perform prospective follow-up studies in the Peruvian population in order to corroborate our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Urrunaga-Pastor
- Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | - Luciana De La Fuente-Carmelino
- Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | - Carlos J Toro-Huamanchumo
- Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | - Miriam Pérez-Zavala
- Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | - Vicente A Benites-Zapata
- Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru.
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