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Bald L, Gottwald J, Hillen J, Adorf F, Zeuss D. The devil is in the detail: Environmental variables frequently used for habitat suitability modeling lack information for forest-dwelling bats in Germany. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11571. [PMID: 38932971 PMCID: PMC11199919 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In response to the pressing challenges of the ongoing biodiversity crisis, the protection of endangered species and their habitats, as well as the monitoring of invasive species are crucial. Habitat suitability modeling (HSM) is often treated as the silver bullet to address these challenges, commonly relying on generic variables sourced from widely available datasets. However, for species with high habitat requirements, or for modeling the suitability of habitats within the geographic range of a species, variables at a coarse level of detail may fall short. Consequently, there is potential value in considering the incorporation of more targeted data, which may extend beyond readily available land cover and climate datasets. In this study, we investigate the impact of incorporating targeted land cover variables (specifically tree species composition) and vertical structure information (derived from LiDAR data) on HSM outcomes for three forest specialist bat species (Barbastella barbastellus, Myotis bechsteinii, and Plecotus auritus) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, compared to commonly utilized environmental variables, such as generic land-cover classifications (e.g., Corine Land Cover) and climate variables (e.g., Bioclim). The integration of targeted variables enhanced the performance of habitat suitability models for all three bat species. Furthermore, our results showed a high difference in the distribution maps that resulted from using different levels of detail in environmental variables. This underscores the importance of making the effort to generate the appropriate variables, rather than simply relying on commonly used ones, and the necessity of exercising caution when using habitat models as a tool to inform conservation strategies and spatial planning efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Bald
- Department of Geography, Environmental InformaticsPhilipps‐University MarburgMarburgGermany
| | | | - Jessica Hillen
- Büro für Faunistik und LandschaftsökologieRümmelsheimGermany
| | - Frank Adorf
- Büro für Faunistik und LandschaftsökologieRümmelsheimGermany
| | - Dirk Zeuss
- Department of Geography, Environmental InformaticsPhilipps‐University MarburgMarburgGermany
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Ni M, Vellend M. Soil properties constrain forest understory plant distributions along an elevation gradient. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230373. [PMID: 38583477 PMCID: PMC10999263 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Projections of spatial biodiversity dynamics under climate warming are often based on models including only climate variables, and when non-climatic factors (e.g. soil) are included, data are often at much coarser spatial resolutions than those experienced by plants. Field studies along elevation gradients permit the gathering of detailed soil data, while still covering a wide climatic gradient. Here, an intensive field survey of four spring forest herbs along an elevation gradient showed that soil properties had substantial impacts on the occurrence/abundance of all species, and that soil effects were more pronounced at higher elevations. For Trillium erectum and Claytonia caroliniana, very infrequent occurrences at high elevation were strongly associated with rare microsites with high pH or nutrients. In a seven-year transplant experiment with T. erectum, we found that individuals grew to much smaller sizes at high than low elevation, suggesting that environmental factors rather than dispersal limitation constrain the species' upper range limit, despite substantial warming in recent decades. Our study demonstrates that soil factors interact strongly with climate to determine plant range limits along climatic gradients. Unsuitable soils for plants at high elevations or latitudes may represent an important constraint on future plant migration and biodiversity change. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ecological novelty and planetary stewardship: biodiversity dynamics in a transforming biosphere'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ni
- Université de Sherbrooke, Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1K 2R1
| | - Mark Vellend
- Université de Sherbrooke, Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1K 2R1
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Collart F, Kiebacher T, Quetsch M, Broennimann O, Guisan A, Vanderpoorten A. To what extent can we predict variation of bryophyte and tracheophyte community composition at fine spatial scale along an elevation gradient? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171741. [PMID: 38508261 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Mounting evidence points to the need for high-resolution climatic data in biodiversity analyses under global change. As we move to finer resolution, other factors than climate, including other abiotic variables and biotic interactions play, however, an increasing role, raising the question of our ability to predict community composition at fine scales. Focusing on two lineages of land plants, bryophytes and tracheophytes, we determine the relative contribution of climatic, non-climatic environmental drivers, spatial effects, community architecture and composition of one lineage to predict community composition of the other lineage, and how our ability to predict community composition varies along an elevation gradient. The relationship between community composition of one lineage and 68 environmental variables at 2-25 m spatial resolution, architecture and composition of the other lineage, and spatial factors, was investigated by hierarchical and variance partitioning across 413 2x2m plots in the Swiss Alps. Climatic data, although significant, contributed less to the model than any other variable considered. Community composition of one lineage, reflecting both direct interactions and unmeasured (hidden) abiotic factors, was the best predictor of community composition of the other lineage. Total explained variance substantially varied with elevation, underlining the fact that the strength of the species composition-environment relationship varies depending on environmental conditions. Total variance explained increased towards high elevation up to 50 %, with an increasing importance of spatial effects and vegetation architecture, pointing to increasing positive interactions and aggregated species distribution patterns in alpine environments. In tracheophytes, an increase of the contribution of non-climatic environmental factors was also observed at high elevation, in line with the hypothesis of a stronger environmental control under harsher conditions. Further improvements of our ability to predict changes in plant community composition may involve the implementation of historical variables and higher-resolution climatic data to better describe the microhabitat conditions actually experienced by organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavien Collart
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Thomas Kiebacher
- Department of Botany, Stuttgart State Museum of Natural History, Stuttgart, Germany; Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marion Quetsch
- Institute of Botany, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Olivier Broennimann
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Guisan
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Interdisciplinary Center for Mountain Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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4
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Thuiller W. Ecological niche modelling. Curr Biol 2024; 34:R225-R229. [PMID: 38531309 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
One of the central research questions in ecology and biogeography revolves around understanding the spatial distribution patterns of organisms, the factors influencing species abundance, and why in certain areas there are more species or individuals than in others. Addressing these questions not only forms the bedrock of scientific research in ecology and evolution but also has critical implications for biodiversity conservation and management. To safeguard species, restore habitats, prevent invasions and anticipate future impacts, it is imperative to identify optimal areas for species or biodiversity under current and future conditions, such as changes in climate or land use. Ecologists have long tried to discern which conditions enable species to maintain viable populations in a given area (Figure 1). Broadly speaking, three main conditions must be met for a species to inhabit a site: successful dispersal throughout its biogeographic history; environmental conditions suitable for sustaining a population; and biotic conditions conducive to species persistence, including resource availability and absence of strong competitors. Ecological niche modelling, also known as species distribution modelling or habitat suitability modelling, primarily focuses on environmental factors, though models are increasingly integrating dispersal and biotic interactions. In the following sections, we will delve into the basic structure and hypotheses of ecological niche modelling, their applications and potential future improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfried Thuiller
- University Grenoble Alpes, University Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
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Chauvier-Mendes Y, Pollock LJ, Verburg PH, Karger DN, Pellissier L, Lavergne S, Zimmermann NE, Thuiller W. Transnational conservation to anticipate future plant shifts in Europe. Nat Ecol Evol 2024; 8:454-466. [PMID: 38253754 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-02287-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
To meet the COP15 biodiversity framework in the European Union (EU), one target is to protect 30% of its land by 2030 through a resilient transnational conservation network. The European Alps are a key hub of this network hosting some of the most extensive natural areas and biodiversity hotspots in Europe. Here we assess the robustness of the current European reserve network to safeguard the European Alps' flora by 2080 using semi-mechanistic simulations. We first highlight that the current network needs strong readjustments as it does not capture biodiversity patterns as well as our conservation simulations. Overall, we predict a strong shift in conservation need through time along latitudes, and from lower to higher elevations as plants migrate upslope and shrink their distribution. While increasing species, trait and evolutionary diversity, migration could also threaten 70% of the resident flora. In the face of global changes, the future European reserve network will need to ensure strong elevation and latitudinal connections to complementarily protect multifaceted biodiversity beyond national borders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohann Chauvier-Mendes
- Swiss Federal Research Institute (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Laura J Pollock
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada, Quebec
| | - Peter H Verburg
- Swiss Federal Research Institute (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Environmental Geography Group, Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dirk N Karger
- Swiss Federal Research Institute (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Loïc Pellissier
- Swiss Federal Research Institute (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Lavergne
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, LECA, CNRS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, Grenoble, France
| | - Niklaus E Zimmermann
- Swiss Federal Research Institute (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Wilfried Thuiller
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, LECA, CNRS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, Grenoble, France
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Elsen PR. Shifting needs to safeguard diversity. Nat Ecol Evol 2024; 8:366-367. [PMID: 38253753 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-02315-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Elsen
- Global Conservation Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, NY, USA.
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7
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Mirhashemi H, Ahmadi K, Heydari M, Karami O, Valkó O, Khwarahm NR. Climatic variables are more effective on the spatial distribution of oak forests than land use change across their historical range. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:289. [PMID: 38381166 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12438-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The current research is conducted to model the effect of climate change and land use change (LUC) on the geographical distribution of Quercus brantii Lindl. (QB) forests across their historical range. Forecasting was done based on six general circulation models under RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5 future climate change scenarios for the future years 2050 and 2070. In order to model the species distribution, different modeling methods were used. The results indicated that, in general, climatic variables had a higher influence on the distribution of QB than land use-related attributes. The mean diurnal range (bio2), the precipitation seasonality (bio15), and the mean temperature of the driest quarter (bio9) were the main predictors in the distribution of QB forests, while land use variables were less important in oak species distribution. The GBM, MaxEnt, and RF had higher accuracy and performance in modeling species distribution. The outputs also showed that in the current climate circumstances, 97,608.81 km2 of the studied area has high desirability for the presence of QB, and by 2070, under the pessimistic scenario, 96.29% of these habitats will be lost under the concomitant effect of LUC and climate change. By using the results of this research, it is possible to predict and identify the effective factors in changing the habitat of this oak species with more certainty. Based on the insights obtained from the results of such studies, the protection and restoration planning of the habitat of this key species, which supports diverse species, will be provided more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengameh Mirhashemi
- Department of Forest Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - Kourosh Ahmadi
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Heydari
- Department of Forest Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
| | - Omid Karami
- General Department of Natural Resources and Watershed Management of Ilam Province, Ilam, Iran
| | - Orsolya Valkó
- HUN-REN 'Lendület' Seed Ecology Research Group, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - Nabaz R Khwarahm
- Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Sulaimani, 46001, Iraq
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8
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Braziunas KH, Geres L, Richter T, Glasmann F, Senf C, Thom D, Seibold S, Seidl R. Projected climate and canopy change lead to thermophilization and homogenization of forest floor vegetation in a hotspot of plant species richness. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17121. [PMID: 38273493 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Mountain forests are plant diversity hotspots, but changing climate and increasing forest disturbances will likely lead to far-reaching plant community change. Projecting future change, however, is challenging for forest understory plants, which respond to forest structure and composition as well as climate. Here, we jointly assessed the effects of both climate and forest change, including wind and bark beetle disturbances, using the process-based simulation model iLand in a protected landscape in the northern Alps (Berchtesgaden National Park, Germany), asking: (1) How do understory plant communities respond to 21st-century change in a topographically complex mountain landscape, representing a hotspot of plant species richness? (2) How important are climatic changes (i.e., direct climate effects) versus forest structure and composition changes (i.e., indirect climate effects and recovery from past land use) in driving understory responses at landscape scales? Stacked individual species distribution models fit with climate, forest, and soil predictors (248 species currently present in the landscape, derived from 150 field plots stratified by elevation and forest development, overall area under the receiving operator characteristic curve = 0.86) were driven with projected climate (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) and modeled forest variables to predict plant community change. Nearly all species persisted in the landscape in 2050, but on average 8% of the species pool was lost by the end of the century. By 2100, landscape mean species richness and understory cover declined (-13% and -8%, respectively), warm-adapted species increasingly dominated plant communities (i.e., thermophilization, +12%), and plot-level turnover was high (62%). Subalpine forests experienced the greatest richness declines (-16%), most thermophilization (+17%), and highest turnover (67%), resulting in plant community homogenization across elevation zones. Climate rather than forest change was the dominant driver of understory responses. The magnitude of unabated 21st-century change is likely to erode plant diversity in a species richness hotspot, calling for stronger conservation and climate mitigation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin H Braziunas
- Ecosystem Dynamics and Forest Management Group, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Lisa Geres
- Berchtesgaden National Park, Berchtesgaden, Germany
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Conservation Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tobias Richter
- Ecosystem Dynamics and Forest Management Group, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Berchtesgaden National Park, Berchtesgaden, Germany
| | - Felix Glasmann
- Professorship of Forest and Agroforest Systems, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Cornelius Senf
- Ecosystem Dynamics and Forest Management Group, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Dominik Thom
- Ecosystem Dynamics and Forest Management Group, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Sebastian Seibold
- Ecosystem Dynamics and Forest Management Group, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Berchtesgaden National Park, Berchtesgaden, Germany
- Forest Zoology, Technische Universität Dresden, Tharandt, Germany
| | - Rupert Seidl
- Ecosystem Dynamics and Forest Management Group, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Berchtesgaden National Park, Berchtesgaden, Germany
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9
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Ni M, Vellend M. Soil properties constrain predicted poleward migration of plants under climate change. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:131-141. [PMID: 37525059 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Many plant species are predicted to migrate poleward in response to climate change. Species distribution models (SDMs) have been widely used to quantify future suitable habitats, but they often neglect soil properties, despite the importance of soil for plant fitness. As soil properties often change along latitudinal gradients, higher-latitude soils might be more or less suitable than average conditions within the current ranges of species, thereby accelerating or slowing potential poleward migration. In this study, we built three SDMs - one with only climate predictors, one with only soil predictors, and one with both - for each of 1870 plant species in Eastern North America, in order to investigate the relative importance of soil properties in determining plant distributions and poleward shifts under climate change. While climate variables were the most important predictors, soil properties also had a substantial influence on continental-scale plant distributions. Under future climate scenarios, models including soil predicted much smaller northward shifts in distributions than climate-only models (c. 40% reduction). Our findings strongly suggest that high-latitude soils are likely to impede ongoing plant migration, and they highlight the necessity of incorporating soil properties into models and predictions for plant distributions and migration under environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ni
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Mark Vellend
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada
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10
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Zettlemoyer MA. Adding edaphic nuance to species distribution models complicates predictions of range shifts. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:5-6. [PMID: 37855167 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
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11
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Lal R, Chauhan S, Kaur A, Jaryan V, Kohli RK, Singh R, Singh HP, Kaur S, Batish DR. Projected Impacts of Climate Change on the Range Expansion of the Invasive Straggler Daisy ( Calyptocarpus vialis) in the Northwestern Indian Himalayan Region. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:68. [PMID: 38202376 PMCID: PMC10780488 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Human-induced climate change modifies plant species distribution, reorganizing ecologically suitable habitats for invasive species. In this study, we identified the environmental factors that are important for the spread of Calyptocarpus vialis, an emerging invasive weed in the northwestern Indian Himalayan Region (IHR), along with possible habitats of the weed under current climatic scenarios and potential range expansion under several representative concentration pathways (RCPs) using MaxEnt niche modeling. The prediction had a high AUC (area under the curve) value of 0.894 ± 0.010 and a remarkable correlation between the test and expected omission rates. BIO15 (precipitation seasonality; 38.8%) and BIO1 (annual mean temperature; 35.7%) had the greatest impact on the probable distribution of C. vialis, followed by elevation (11.7%) and landcover (6.3%). The findings show that, unlike the current situation, "high" and "very high" suitability areas would rise while less-suited habitats would disappear. All RCPs (2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5) indicate the expansion of C. vialis in "high" suitability areas, but RCP 4.5 predicts contraction, and RCPs 2.6, 6.0, and 8.5 predict expansion in "very high" probability areas. The current distribution of C. vialis is 21.59% of the total area of the state, with "medium" to "high" invasion suitability, but under the RCP 8.5 scenario, it might grow by 10% by 2070. The study also reveals that C. vialis may expand its niche at both lower and higher elevations. This study clarifies how bioclimatic and topographic factors affect the dispersion of invasive species in the biodiverse IHR. Policymakers and land-use managers can utilize the data to monitor C. vialis hotspots and develop scientifically sound management methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roop Lal
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Saurav Chauhan
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Amarpreet Kaur
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Vikrant Jaryan
- Department of Life Sciences, Allied Health Sciences & Agriculture Sciences, Sant Baba Bhag Singh University, Village Khiala, Padhiana, Jalandhar 144030, Punjab, India
| | | | - Rishikesh Singh
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
- Amity School of Earth and Environment Sciences, Amity University Punjab, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Harminder P. Singh
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Shalinder Kaur
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Daizy R. Batish
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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12
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Li X, Zhang Z, Long W, Zang R. Identifying hotspots of woody plant diversity and their relevance with home ranges of the critically endangered gibbon ( Nomascus hainanus) across forest landscapes within a tropical nature reserve. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1283037. [PMID: 38107004 PMCID: PMC10722271 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1283037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Introduction To achieve effective conservation objectives, it is crucial to map biodiversity patterns and hotspots while considering multiple influencing factors. However, focusing solely on biodiversity hotspots is inadequate for species conservation on a landscape scale. This emphasizes the importance of integrating hotspots with the home ranges of species to identify priority conservation areas. Methods Compiling the vegetation data with environmental and anthropogenic disturbance data collected from kilometer-grid plots in Bawangling Nature Reserve, Hainan, China, we analyzed the spatial distribution of plant diversity (species richness and Shannon-Wiener index), as well as the main drivers affecting these patterns. We also investigated the spatial distribution of hotspots using a threshold approach and compared them with the home ranges of the flagship species, Hainan gibbon (Nomascus hainanus). Result Climate and soil are predominant drivers shaping the spatial pattern of plant diversity in Bawangling Nature Reserve, surpassing the influence of anthropogenic disturbance and topographic factors. Both diversity indices exhibit a generally similar pattern with exceptions in surrounding areas of Futouling and Elongling. The hotspots identified by the Shannon-Wiener index showed a higher spatial overlap with the home ranges of Hainan gibbon compared to the species richness hotspots. The recently established Hainan gibbon Group E in 2019, located 8 km away from the original Futouling habitat, does not coincide with identified hotspots. Discussion Our findings indicate that the hotspots of plant diversity within the habitat of Hainan gibbon Group E are relatively limited, emphasizing the necessity of giving precedence to its conservation. Integrating hotspots with the home ranges of critically endangered species offers decision-makers valuable information to establish rational conservation networks in the context of changing environments, as well as a reference for habitat restoration of species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Li
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Zhidong Zhang
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Trees Germplasm Resources and Forest Protection, College of Forestry, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, China
| | - Wenxing Long
- Wuzhishan National Long-Term Forest Ecosystem Monitoring Research Station, Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Institute of Hainan National Park, Haikou, China
| | - Runguo Zang
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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13
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Gallou A, Jump AS, Lynn JS, Field R, Irl SDH, Steinbauer MJ, Beierkuhnlein C, Chen JC, Chou CH, Hemp A, Kidane Y, König C, Kreft H, Naqinezhad A, Nowak A, Nuppenau JN, Trigas P, Price JP, Roland CA, Schweiger AH, Weigelt P, Flantua SGA, Grytnes JA. Diurnal temperature range as a key predictor of plants' elevation ranges globally. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7890. [PMID: 38036522 PMCID: PMC10689480 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43477-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A prominent hypothesis in ecology is that larger species ranges are found in more variable climates because species develop broader environmental tolerances, predicting a positive range size-temperature variability relationship. However, this overlooks the extreme temperatures that variable climates impose on species, with upper or lower thermal limits more likely to be exceeded. Accordingly, we propose the 'temperature range squeeze' hypothesis, predicting a negative range size-temperature variability relationship. We test these contrasting predictions by relating 88,000 elevation range sizes of vascular plants in 44 mountains to short- and long-term temperature variation. Consistent with our hypothesis, we find that species' range size is negatively correlated with diurnal temperature range. Accurate predictions of short-term temperature variation will become increasingly important for extinction risk assessment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Gallou
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, PO Box 7803, 5020, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Alistair S Jump
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - Joshua S Lynn
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Richard Field
- School of Geography, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Severin D H Irl
- Biogeography and Biodiversity Lab, Institute of Physical Geography, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Manuel J Steinbauer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, PO Box 7803, 5020, Bergen, Norway
- Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research & Department of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Carl Beierkuhnlein
- Chair of Biogeography, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
- Department of Botany, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jan-Chang Chen
- Department of Forestry, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hung Chou
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Andreas Hemp
- Department of Plant Systematics, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Yohannes Kidane
- Chair of Biogeography, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Christian König
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Holger Kreft
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alireza Naqinezhad
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, P.O. Box: 47416-95447, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Arkadiusz Nowak
- Institute of Biology, University of Opole, Oleska St., 45-052, Opole, Poland
- PAS Botanical Garden - Center for Biodiversity Conservation in Powsin, Prawdziwka St. 2, 02-952, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Jan-Niklas Nuppenau
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Science, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Panayiotis Trigas
- Department of Crop Science, School of Plant Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece
| | - Jonathan P Price
- Department of Geography, University of Hawaii, Hilo, Hawaii, USA
| | - Carl A Roland
- Denali National Park, 4175 Geist Road, Fairbanks, AK, 99709, USA
| | - Andreas H Schweiger
- Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology, Department of Plant Ecology, University of Hohenheim, Ottilie-Zeller-Weg 2, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Patrick Weigelt
- Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Campus-Institut Data Science, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Suzette G A Flantua
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - John-Arvid Grytnes
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, PO Box 7803, 5020, Bergen, Norway
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14
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Chang Y, Gelwick K, Willett SD, Shen X, Albouy C, Luo A, Wang Z, Zimmermann NE, Pellissier L. Phytodiversity is associated with habitat heterogeneity from Eurasia to the Hengduan Mountains. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:1647-1658. [PMID: 37638474 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The geographic distribution of plant diversity matches the gradient of habitat heterogeneity from lowlands to mountain regions. However, little is known about how much this relationship is conserved across scales. Using the World Checklist of Vascular Plants and high-resolution biodiversity maps developed by species distribution models, we investigated the associations between species richness and habitat heterogeneity at the scales of Eurasia and the Hengduan Mountains (HDM) in China. Habitat heterogeneity explains seed plant species richness across Eurasia, but the plant species richness of 41/97 HDM families is even higher than expected from fitted statistical relationships. A habitat heterogeneity index combining growing degree days, site water balance, and bedrock type performs better than heterogeneity based on single variables in explaining species richness. In the HDM, the association between heterogeneity and species richness is stronger at larger scales. Our findings suggest that high environmental heterogeneity provides suitable conditions for the diversification of lineages in the HDM. Nevertheless, habitat heterogeneity alone cannot fully explain the distribution of species richness in the HDM, especially in the western HDM, and complementary mechanisms, such as the complex geological history of the region, may have contributed to shaping this exceptional biodiversity hotspot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaquan Chang
- Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
- Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution, Land Change Science Research Unit, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Dynamic Macroecology, Land Change Science Research Unit, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow, and Landscape Research (WSL), Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Katrina Gelwick
- Earth Surface Dynamics, Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 5, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sean D Willett
- Earth Surface Dynamics, Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 5, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Xinwei Shen
- Department of Mathematics, Seminar for Statistics, ETH Zürich, Rämistrasse 101, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Camille Albouy
- Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
- Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution, Land Change Science Research Unit, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Ao Luo
- Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhiheng Wang
- Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Niklaus E Zimmermann
- Dynamic Macroecology, Land Change Science Research Unit, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow, and Landscape Research (WSL), Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Loïc Pellissier
- Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
- Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution, Land Change Science Research Unit, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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15
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Franzese J, Ripa RR. Common juniper, an overlooked conifer with high invasion potential in protected areas of Patagonia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9818. [PMID: 37330618 PMCID: PMC10276858 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37023-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The benefits of early detection of biological invasions are widely recognized, especially for protected areas (PAs). However, research on incipient invasive plant species is scarce compared to species with a recognized history of invasion. Here, we characterized the invasion status of the non-native conifer Juniperus communis in PAs and interface areas of Andean Patagonia, Argentina. We mapped its distribution and described both the invasion and the environments this species inhabits through field studies, a literature review, and a citizen science initiative. We also modeled the species' potential distribution by comparing the climatic characteristics of its native range with those of the introduced ranges studied. The results show that J. communis is now widely distributed in the region, occurring naturally in diverse habitats, and frequently within and close to PAs. This species can be considered an incipient invader with a high potential for expansion in its regional distribution range, largely due to its high reproductive potential and the high habitat suitability of this environment. Early detection of a plant invasion affords a valuable opportunity to inform citizens of the potential risks to high conservation value ecosystems before the invader is perceived as a natural component of the landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorgelina Franzese
- Investigaciones de Ecología en Ambientes Antropizados, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (CONICET-UNCo), R8400, S. C. Bariloche, Argentina.
| | - Ramiro Rubén Ripa
- Grupo de Genética Ecológica, Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (CONICET-UNCo), Evolutiva y de la Conservación, R8400, S. C. Bariloche, Argentina
- Instituto de Evolución, Ecología Histórica y Ambiente (CONICET-UTN), San Rafael, Mendoza, Argentina
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16
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Tytar V, Nekrasova O, Pupins M, Skute A, Kirjušina M, Gravele E, Mezaraupe L, Marushchak O, Čeirāns A, Kozynenko I, Kulikova AA. Modeling the Distribution of the Chytrid Fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis with Special Reference to Ukraine. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:607. [PMID: 37367543 DOI: 10.3390/jof9060607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Amphibians are the most threatened group of vertebrates. While habitat loss poses the greatest threat to amphibians, a spreading fungal disease caused by Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis Longcore, Pessier & D.K. Nichols 1999 (Bd) is seriously affecting an increasing number of species. Although Bd is widely prevalent, there are identifiable heterogeneities in the pathogen's distribution that are linked to environmental parameters. Our objective was to identify conditions that affect the geographic distribution of this pathogen using species distribution models (SDMs) with a special focus on Eastern Europe. SDMs can help identify hotspots for future outbreaks of Bd but perhaps more importantly identify locations that may be environmental refuges ("coldspots") from infection. In general, climate is considered a major factor driving amphibian disease dynamics, but temperature in particular has received increased attention. Here, 42 environmental raster layers containing data on climate, soil, and human impact were used. The mean annual temperature range (or 'continentality') was found to have the strongest constraint on the geographic distribution of this pathogen. The modeling allowed to distinguish presumable locations that may be environmental refuges from infection and set up a framework to guide future search (sampling) of chytridiomycosis in Eastern Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr Tytar
- I.I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 01030 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Nekrasova
- I.I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 01030 Kyiv, Ukraine
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technologies, Daugavpils University, LV5400 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Mihails Pupins
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technologies, Daugavpils University, LV5400 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Arturs Skute
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technologies, Daugavpils University, LV5400 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Muza Kirjušina
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technologies, Daugavpils University, LV5400 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Evita Gravele
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technologies, Daugavpils University, LV5400 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Ligita Mezaraupe
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technologies, Daugavpils University, LV5400 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Oleksii Marushchak
- I.I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 01030 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Andris Čeirāns
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Life Sciences and Technologies, Daugavpils University, LV5400 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Iryna Kozynenko
- I.I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 01030 Kyiv, Ukraine
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17
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Kolanowska M. Loss of fungal symbionts and changes in pollinator availability caused by climate change will affect the distribution and survival chances of myco-heterotrophic orchid species. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6848. [PMID: 37100884 PMCID: PMC10133392 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33856-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The first comprehensive species distribution models for orchid, its fungal symbionts and pollinator are presented. To evaluate impact of global warming on these organisms three different projections and four various climate change scenarios were analysed. The niche modelling was based on presence-only records of Limodorum abortivum, two species of Russula and three insects pollinating orchid (Anthophora affinis, Bombus terrestris, Rhodanthidium septemdentatum). Two sets of orchid predictions were examined-the first one included only climatic data and the second one was based on climate data and data on future distribution of orchid fungal symbionts. Overall, a poleward range shift is predicted to occur as a result of climate change and apparently global warming will be favorable for L. abortivum and its potential geographical range will expand. However, due to the negative effect of global warming on fungal symbionts of L. abortivum, the actual extension of the suitable niches of the orchid will be much limited. Considering future possibility of cross-pollination, the availability of A. affinis for L. abortivum will decrease and this bee will be available in the worst case scenarios only for 21% of orchid populations. On the other hand, the overlap of orchid and the buff-tailed bumblebee will increase and as much as 86.5% of plant populations will be located within B. terrestris potential range. Also the availability of R. septemdentatum will be higher than currently observed in almost all analysed climate change projections. This study showed the importance of inclusion of ecological factors in species distribution models as the climate data itself are not enough to estimate the future distribution of plant species. Moreover, the availability of pollen vectors which is crucial for long-term survival of orchid populations should be analysed in context of climate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kolanowska
- Department of Geobotany and Plant Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Lodz, Poland.
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18
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Szymura TH, Chmolowska D, Szymura M, Zając A, Kassa H. Drivers of systematic bias in alien plant species distribution data. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159598. [PMID: 36302406 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Among the main challenges in modelling biological invasion is a lack of valid data on the absence of invasive species. Absence data are important for assessing the reliability of models, but multiple surveys at a location are needed. In practice, omission errors are more frequent than commission errors. We therefore quantified how eliminating potentially biased areas from invasive species distribution models (iSDMs) affected the models' performance, and we assessed how the distribution of biased areas correlated with environmental factors. We hypothesized that for neophytes, the distribution of biased areas corresponds to specific land relief and/or particular landscape and land use, but not the density of roads and urbanized areas. The data on neophytes were obtained from a distribution atlas covering approximately 31,000 km2 in Central Europe overlaid with a 2 × 2 km square grid. One hundred fifty-three species were used for modelling neophyte richness, and negative residuals from the model were assumed to indicate biased squares. Twenty invasive species were used as an independent dataset for testing the effect of excluding the biased squares on iSDM performance. The exclusion of biased squares increased the iSDM performance from an area under the curve value of 0.73 to 0.78. The best results were obtained by excluding 30 % of the squares from the original dataset. The presence of damp sites explained the distribution of biased squares; the density of roads and urbanized areas had no impact. The applied method allows distinguishing biased, plausibly undersampled squares in a species distribution atlas, the exclusion of which significantly improves iSDM performance. The results suggest that the commonly observed low sampling effort in areas distant from communication routes and urbanized areas was not crucial in modelling invasive species distribution, which can be related to smaller neophyte richness in remote areas resulting from low propagule pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz H Szymura
- Department of Ecology, Biogeochemistry and Environmental Protection, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 63, 51-148 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Dominika Chmolowska
- Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sławkowska 17, 31-016 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Szymura
- Institute of Agroecology and Plant Production, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Sq. 24A, 50-363 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Adam Zając
- Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology and Earth Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Kopernika 27, 31-501 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Henok Kassa
- Department of Ecology, Biogeochemistry and Environmental Protection, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 63, 51-148 Wrocław, Poland.
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19
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Doležal J, Korznikov K, Altman J, Fibich P, Řeháková K, Lltonga EN, Majeský L, Dančák M. Ecological niches of epiphyllous bryophytes along Afrotropical elevation gradient. OIKOS 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.09772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Doležal
- Inst. of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
- Dept of Botany, Faculty of Science, Univ. of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Kirill Korznikov
- Inst. of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
| | - Jan Altman
- Inst. of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech Univ. of Life Sciences Prague, Prague 6 Suchdol Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Fibich
- Inst. of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
- Dept of Botany, Faculty of Science, Univ. of South Bohemia České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Klára Řeháková
- Inst. of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences Třeboň Czech Republic
| | | | - Luboš Majeský
- Dept of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palacký Univ. Olomouc Olomouc‐Holice Czech Republic
| | - Martin Dančák
- Dept of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Palacký Univ. Olomouc Olomouc‐Holice Czech Republic
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20
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Nobis A, Chmolowska D, Szymura TH, Nowak A, Nobis M. Towards a better understanding of linear species distribution in river valleys: The abundance of river corridor plants is linked to soil exchangeable potassium and pH. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158292. [PMID: 36030864 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The phenomenon that some vascular plant species grow mainly or exclusively in the large river valleys of Central Europe constitutes a long-standing distribution puzzle. In our study, we focused on determining which physicochemical properties of soil affect the distribution of river corridor plant (RCP) species. Research that included RCP coverage, the physicochemical properties of soil as well as several topographic and spatial variables were conducted in 10 transects perpendicular to the San River (SE Poland). The sampled plots were located both in close proximity to the river, where the greatest number of RCP populations are concentrated, and along anthropogenic linear landscape elements which have proven to be important for RCP occurrence in areas located away from the riverbed. Spearman rank correlation matrices were constructed to observe the general relationships between particular variables and Boosted Regression Tree models were used for explaining RCP coverage. Our study indicated that in the case of plots located in proximity to the river, the expected coverage of RCP species was highest in plots characterized by a higher soil exchangeable potassium (K) content, as well as in those located closer to the San River and at lower altitudes. In plots situated along anthropogenic linear landscape elements, the expected coverage of RCPs was highest in plots with a high soil exchangeable K content and in those with a high soil pH. The analyses clearly showed that the physicochemical properties of soils indeed affect RCP species occurrence and they require soils with a high exchangeable K content and a high pH. Since these two soil parameters are closely related to soil fertility, and additionally K enhances root development, we suppose that both factors strengthen the competitiveness of RCPs in floodplain ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Nobis
- Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Dominika Chmolowska
- Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz H Szymura
- Department of Ecology, Biogeochemistry and Environmental Protection, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Nowak
- Department of Botany and Nature Protection, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland; Botanical Garden - Center for Biological Diversity Conservation in Powsin, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
| | - Marcin Nobis
- Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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21
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Xie C, Tian E, Jim CY, Liu D, Hu Z. Effects of climate-change scenarios on the distribution patterns of Castanea henryi. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9597. [PMID: 36514555 PMCID: PMC9731913 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Castanea henryi, with edible nuts and timber value, is a key tree species playing essential roles in China's subtropical forest ecosystems. However, natural and human perturbations have nearly depleted its wild populations. The study identified the dominant environmental variables enabling and limiting its distribution and predicted its suitable habitats and distribution. The 212 occurrence records covering the whole distribution range of C. henryi in China and nine main bioclimatic variables were selected for detailed analysis. We applied the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) and QGIS to predict potentially suitable habitats under the current and four future climate-change scenarios. The limiting factors for distribution were accessed by Jackknife, percent contribution, and permutation importance. We found that the current distribution areas were concentrated in the typical subtropical zone, mainly Central and South China provinces. The modeling results indicated temperature as the critical determinant of distribution patterns, including mean temperature of the coldest quarter, isothermality, and mean diurnal range. Winter low temperature imposed an effective constraint on its spread. Moisture served as a secondary factor in species distribution, involving precipitation seasonality and annual precipitation. Under future climate-change scenarios, excellent habitats would expand and shift northwards, whereas range contraction would occur on the southern edge. Extreme climate change could bring notable range shrinkage. This study provided a basis for protecting the species' germplasm resources. The findings could guide the management, cultivation, and conservation of C. henryi, assisted by a proposed three-domain operation framework: preservation areas, loss areas, and new areas, each to be implemented using tailor-made strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunping Xie
- College of ScienceQiongtai Normal UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Erlin Tian
- College of ScienceQiongtai Normal UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Chi Yung Jim
- Department of Social SciencesEducation University of Hong KongTai PoHong KongChina
| | - Dawei Liu
- Nanjing Forest Police CollegeNanjingChina
| | - Zhaokai Hu
- Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiangChina
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22
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Malanson GP, Pansing ER, Testolin R, Abdulhak S, Bergamini A, Ćušterevska R, Marcenò C, Kuzmanović N, Milanović Đ, Ruprecht E, Šibík J, Vassilev K, Willner W, Jiménez‐Alfaro B. Explanation of beta diversity in European alpine grasslands changes with scale. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- George P. Malanson
- Department of Geographical & Sustainability Sciences University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - Elizabeth R. Pansing
- Department of Geographical & Sustainability Sciences University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - Riccardo Testolin
- Department of Environmental Biology Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | | | - Ariel Bergamini
- WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute Birmensdorf Switzerland
| | - Renata Ćušterevska
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius Skopje North Macedonia
| | - Corrado Marcenò
- Department of Botany and Zoology Masaryk University Brno Czechia
| | - Nevena Kuzmanović
- Faculty of Biology Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden Jevremovac, University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia
| | - Đorđije Milanović
- Faculty of Forestry University of Banja Luka Banja Luka Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Eszter Ruprecht
- Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology Babeș‐Bolyai University Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Jozef Šibík
- Plant Science and Biodiversity Center Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Kiril Vassilev
- Department of Plant and Fungal Diversity and Resources Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Science Sofia Bulgaria
| | - Wolfgang Willner
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Borja Jiménez‐Alfaro
- Research Unit of Biodiversity Research (CSIC/UO/PA) University of Oviedo Mieres Spain
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23
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Habitat Suitability Modeling of Rare Turkeybeard (Xerophyllum asphodeloides) Species in the Talladega National Forest, Alabama, USA. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13040490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on the rare and threatened plant species eastern turkeybeard (Xerophyllum asphodeloides (L.) Nutt.) and its presence or absence in the Talladega National Forest in Alabama, USA. An ensemble suitable habitat map was developed using four different modeling methods (MaxEnt, Generalized Linear Model, Generalized Additive Model, and Random Forest). AUC evaluation scores for each model were 0.99, 0.96, 0.98, and 0.99, respectively. Biserial correlation scores for models ranged from 0.71 (GLM) to 0.94 (RF). The four different models agreed suitable habitat was found to cover 159.57 ha of the land. The ground slope variable was the most contributive variable in the MaxEnt and RF models and was also significant in the GLM and GAM models. The knowledge gained from this research can be used to establish and implement habitat suitability strategies across the Talladega National Forest and similar ecosystems in the southern United States.
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Hájek M, Těšitel J, Tahvanainen T, Peterka T, Jiménez-Alfaro B, Jansen F, Pérez-Haase A, Garbolino E, Carbognani M, Kolari THM, Hájková P, Jandt U, Aunina L, Pawlikowski P, Ivchenko T, Tomaselli M, Tichý L, Dítě D, Plesková Z, Mikulášková E. Rising temperature modulates pH niches of fen species. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:1023-1037. [PMID: 34748262 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rising temperatures may endanger fragile ecosystems because their character and key species show different habitat affinities under different climates. This assumption has only been tested in limited geographical scales. In fens, one of the most endangered ecosystems in Europe, broader pH niches have been reported from cold areas and are expected for colder past periods. We used the largest European-scale vegetation database from fens to test the hypothesis that pH interacts with macroclimate temperature in forming realized niches of fen moss and vascular plant species. We calibrated the data set (29,885 plots after heterogeneity-constrained resampling) with temperature, using two macroclimate variables, and with the adjusted pH, a variable combining pH and calcium richness. We modelled temperature, pH and water level niches for one hundred species best characterizing European fens using generalized additive models and tested the interaction between pH and temperature. Fifty-five fen species showed a statistically significant interaction between pH and temperature (adj p ˂ .01). Forty-six of them (84%) showed a positive interaction manifested by a shift or restriction of their niche to higher pH in warmer locations. Nine vascular plants and no moss showed the opposite interaction. Mosses showed significantly greater interaction. We conclude that climate significantly modulates edaphic niches of fen plants, especially bryophytes. This result explains previously reported regional changes in realized pH niches, a current habitat-dependent decline of endangered taxa, and distribution changes in the past. A warmer climate makes growing seasons longer and warmer, increases productivity, and may lower the water level. These effects prolong the duration and intensity of interspecific competition, support highly competitive Sphagnum mosses, and, as such, force niches of specialized fen species towards narrower high-pH ranges. Recent anthropogenic landscape changes pose a severe threat to many fen species and call for mitigation measures to lower competition pressure in their refugia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Hájek
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Těšitel
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Teemu Tahvanainen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Tomáš Peterka
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Borja Jiménez-Alfaro
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Research Unit of Biodiversity (CSIC/UO/PA), University of Oviedo, Mieres, Spain
| | - Florian Jansen
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Rostock University, Rostock, Germany
| | - Aaron Pérez-Haase
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emmanuel Garbolino
- Climpact Data Science, Nova Sophia - Regus Nova, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France
| | - Michele Carbognani
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Tiina H M Kolari
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Petra Hájková
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Paleoecology, Institute of Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ute Jandt
- Geobotany & Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Liene Aunina
- Laboratory of Geobotany, Institute of Biology of the University of Latvia, Rīga, Latvia
| | - Paweł Pawlikowski
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Conservation, Institute of Environmental Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tatiana Ivchenko
- Laboratory of General Geobotany, Komarov Botanical Institute R.A.S. St.-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marcello Tomaselli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Lubomír Tichý
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Dítě
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Plesková
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Mikulášková
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Devenish C, Lees AC, Collar NJ, Marsden SJ. Multi‐decadal land use impacts across the vast range of an iconic threatened species. DIVERS DISTRIB 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Devenish
- Ecology and Environment Research Centre Department of Natural Sciences Manchester Metropolitan University Manchester UK
| | - Alexander C. Lees
- Ecology and Environment Research Centre Department of Natural Sciences Manchester Metropolitan University Manchester UK
- Cornell Lab of Ornithology Cornell University Ithaca NY USA
| | | | - Stuart J. Marsden
- Ecology and Environment Research Centre Department of Natural Sciences Manchester Metropolitan University Manchester UK
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Continent-Wide Tree Species Distribution Models May Mislead Regional Management Decisions: A Case Study in the Transboundary Biosphere Reserve Mura-Drava-Danube. FORESTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/f12030330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of spatial distribution patterns of native riparian tree species in Europe lacks accurate species distribution models (SDMs), since riparian forest habitats have a limited spatial extent and are strongly related to the associated watercourses, which needs to be represented in the environmental predictors. However, SDMs are urgently needed for adapting forest management to climate change, as well as for conservation and restoration of riparian forest ecosystems. For such an operative use, standard large-scale bioclimatic models alone are too coarse and frequently exclude relevant predictors. In this study, we compare a bioclimatic continent-wide model and a regional model based on climate, soil, and river data for central to south-eastern Europe, targeting seven riparian foundation species—Alnus glutinosa, Fraxinus angustifolia, F. excelsior, Populus nigra, Quercus robur, Ulmus laevis, and U. minor. The results emphasize the high importance of precise occurrence data and environmental predictors. Soil predictors were more important than bioclimatic variables, and river variables were partly of the same importance. In both models, five of the seven species were found to decrease in terms of future occurrence probability within the study area, whereas the results for two species were ambiguous. Nevertheless, both models predicted a dangerous loss of occurrence probability for economically and ecologically important tree species, likely leading to significant effects on forest composition and structure, as well as on provided ecosystem services.
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