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Chen YR, Tzeng DTW, Lin SS, Yang EC. Sublethal Imidacloprid Administration to Honey Bee Workers is More Lethal to the Queen Larvae. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2024; 43:2232-2242. [PMID: 39136649 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Imidacloprid and other neonicotinoid insecticides severely impact the performance and survival of honey bees and other pollinators. In the present study, we focused on the gene expression profile of newly emerged Apis mellifera queen bees after sublethal imidacloprid treatment during the larval stage. Royal jelly containing 1 ppb imidacloprid was provided to larvae for 3 consecutive days (2-4 days postemergence). Queen larvae treated with imidacloprid showed lower capping and emergence rates (35.5% and 24.22%, respectively) than did control larvae (61.68% and 52.95%, respectively), indicating a high failure rate of queen rearing associated with imidacloprid exposure during the larval stage. The molecular response to imidacloprid treatment was examined next. By comparing the gene expression profiles of imidacloprid-treated queen larvae and those of control queen larvae using DESeq2, we identified 215 differentially expressed genes, with 105 and 111 up- and downregulated genes, respectively. Gene Ontology results indicated that chitin binding- and calcium ion binding-related genes were upregulated, while phototransduction- and visual perception-related genes were downregulated. The high mortality rate and altered gene expression profiles suggest that treatment with even 1 ppb imidacloprid can severely impact queen bee survival. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:2232-2242. © 2024 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ru Chen
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - David T W Tzeng
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Shih-Shun Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - En-Cheng Yang
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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2
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de Castro Lippi IC, da Luz Scheffer J, de Lima YS, Lunardi JS, Astolfi A, Kadri SM, Alvarez MVN, de Oliveira Orsi R. Intake of imidacloprid in lethal and sublethal doses alters gene expression in Apis mellifera bees. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 940:173393. [PMID: 38795984 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Bees are important pollinators for ecosystems and agriculture; however, populations have suffered a decline that may be associated with several factors, including habitat loss, climate change, increased vulnerability to diseases and parasites and use of pesticides. The extensive use of neonicotinoids, including imidacloprid, as agricultural pesticides, leads to their persistence in the environment and accumulation in bees, pollen, nectar, and honey, thereby inducing deleterious effects. Forager honey bees face significant exposure to pesticide residues while searching for resources outside the hive, particularly systemic pesticides like imidacloprid. In this study, 360 Apis mellifera bees, twenty-one days old (supposed to be in the forager phase) previously marked were fed syrup (honey and water, 1:1 m/v) containing a lethal dose (0.081 μg/bee) or sublethal dose (0.00081 μg/bee) of imidacloprid. The syrup was provided in plastic troughs, with 250 μL added per trough onto each plastic Petri dish containing 5 bees (50 μL per bee). The bees were kept in the plastic Petri dishes inside an incubator, and after 1 and 4 h of ingestion, the bees were euthanised and stored in an ultra-freezer (-80 °C) for transcriptome analysis. Following the 1-h ingestion of imidacloprid, 1516 genes (73 from lethal dose; 1509 from sublethal dose) showed differential expression compared to the control, while after 4 h, 758 genes (733 from lethal dose; 25 from sublethal) exhibited differential expression compared to the control. All differentially expressed genes found in the brain tissue transcripts of forager bees were categorised based on gene ontology into functional groups encompassing biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular components. These analyses revealed that sublethal doses might be capable of altering more genes than lethal doses, potentially associated with a phenomenon known as insecticide-induced hormesis. Alterations in genes related to areas such as the immune system, nutritional metabolism, detoxification system, circadian rhythm, odour detection, foraging activity, and memory in bees were present after exposure to the pesticide. These findings underscore the detrimental effects of both lethal and sublethal doses of imidacloprid, thereby providing valuable insights for establishing public policies regarding the use of neonicotinoids, which are directly implicated in the compromised health of Apis mellifera bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Cristina de Castro Lippi
- Centre of Education, Science and Technology in Rational Beekeeping (NECTAR), Department of Animal Production and Medicine Veterinary Preventive, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Jaine da Luz Scheffer
- Centre of Education, Science and Technology in Rational Beekeeping (NECTAR), Department of Animal Production and Medicine Veterinary Preventive, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Yan Souza de Lima
- Centre of Education, Science and Technology in Rational Beekeeping (NECTAR), Department of Animal Production and Medicine Veterinary Preventive, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Juliana Sartori Lunardi
- Centre of Education, Science and Technology in Rational Beekeeping (NECTAR), Department of Animal Production and Medicine Veterinary Preventive, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Aline Astolfi
- Centre of Education, Science and Technology in Rational Beekeeping (NECTAR), Department of Animal Production and Medicine Veterinary Preventive, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Samir Moura Kadri
- Centre of Education, Science and Technology in Rational Beekeeping (NECTAR), Department of Animal Production and Medicine Veterinary Preventive, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo de Oliveira Orsi
- Centre of Education, Science and Technology in Rational Beekeeping (NECTAR), Department of Animal Production and Medicine Veterinary Preventive, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil.
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Frizzera D, Zanni V, Seffin E, de Miranda JR, Marroni F, Annoscia D, Nazzi F. Assessing lethal and sublethal effects of pesticides on honey bees in a multifactorial context. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174892. [PMID: 39034005 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The registration of novel pesticides that are subsequently banned because of their unexpected negative effects on non-target species can have a huge environmental impact. Therefore, the pre-emptive evaluation of the potential effects of new compounds is essential. To this aim both lethal and sublethal effects should be assessed in a realistic scenario including the other stressors that can interact with pesticides. However, laboratory studies addressing such interactive effects are rare, while standardized laboratory-based protocols focus on lethal effects and not on sub-lethal effects. We propose to assess both lethal and sublethal effects in a multifactorial context including the other stressors affecting the non-target species. We tested this approach by studying the impact on honey bees of the insecticide sulfoxaflor in combination with a common parasite, a sub-optimal temperature and food deprivation. We studied the survival and the transcriptome of honey bees, to assess both the lethal and the potential sublethal effects of the insecticide, respectively. With this method we show that a field realistic concentration of sulfoxaflor in food does not affect the survival of honey bees; however, the significant impact on some key genes indicates that sublethal effects are possible in a realistically complex scenario. Moreover, our results demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of a novel approach to hazard assessment considering the interactive effects of pesticides. We anticipate our approach to be a starting point for a paradigm shift in toxicology: from an unifactorial, mortality-centered assessment to a multifactorial, comprehensive approach. This is something of the utmost importance to preserve pollination, thus contributing to the sustainability of our food production system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Frizzera
- Dipartimento di Scienze AgroAlimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Virginia Zanni
- Dipartimento di Scienze AgroAlimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Elisa Seffin
- Dipartimento di Scienze AgroAlimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Marroni
- Dipartimento di Scienze AgroAlimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Desiderato Annoscia
- Dipartimento di Scienze AgroAlimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Francesco Nazzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze AgroAlimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy.
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4
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Maya-Aguirre CA, Torres A, Gutiérrez-Castañeda LD, Salazar LM, Abreu-Villaça Y, Manhães AC, Arenas NE. Changes in the proteome of Apis mellifera acutely exposed to sublethal dosage of glyphosate and imidacloprid. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:45954-45969. [PMID: 38980489 PMCID: PMC11269427 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34185-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Uncontrolled use of pesticides has caused a dramatic reduction in the number of pollinators, including bees. Studies on the effects of pesticides on bees have reported effects on both metabolic and neurological levels under chronic exposure. In this study, variations in the differential expression of head and thorax-abdomen proteins in Africanized A. mellifera bees treated acutely with sublethal doses of glyphosate and imidacloprid were studied using a proteomic approach. A total of 92 proteins were detected, 49 of which were differentially expressed compared to those in the control group (47 downregulated and 2 upregulated). Protein interaction networks with differential protein expression ratios suggested that acute exposure of A. mellifera to sublethal doses of glyphosate could cause head damage, which is mainly associated with behavior and metabolism. Simultaneously, imidacloprid can cause damage associated with metabolism as well as, neuronal damage, cellular stress, and impairment of the detoxification system. Regarding the thorax-abdomen fractions, glyphosate could lead to cytoskeleton reorganization and a reduction in defense mechanisms, whereas imidacloprid could affect the coordination and impairment of the oxidative stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Andrés Maya-Aguirre
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Ciudad Universitaria, Avenida Carrera 30 N° 45-03, Bogota, D.C, Colombia
- Grupo Ciencias Básicas en Salud-CBS-FUCS, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de La Salud, Hospital Infanti L Universitario de San José, Carrera 54 No.67A-80, Bogota, D.C., Colombia
| | - Angela Torres
- Departmento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Ciudad Universitaria, Avenida Carrera 30 N° 45-03, Bogota, D.C., Colombia
| | - Luz Dary Gutiérrez-Castañeda
- Grupo Ciencias Básicas en Salud-CBS-FUCS, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de La Salud, Hospital Infanti L Universitario de San José, Carrera 54 No.67A-80, Bogota, D.C., Colombia
| | - Luz Mary Salazar
- Departmento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Ciudad Universitaria, Avenida Carrera 30 N° 45-03, Bogota, D.C., Colombia
| | - Yael Abreu-Villaça
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-170, Brazil
| | - Alex Christian Manhães
- Laboratório de Neurofisiologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-170, Brazil
| | - Nelson Enrique Arenas
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cartagena, Campus Zaragocilla, Barrio Zaragocilla, Carrera 50a #24-63, Cartagena de Indias, Bolivar, Colombia.
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5
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Farder-Gomes CF, Miranda FR, Fernandes KM, Bernardes RC, Sena Bastos DS, Licursi de Oliveira L, Martins GF, Serrão JE. Exposure to low-concentration fipronil impairs survival, behavior, midgut morphology and physiology of Aedes aegypti larvae. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 358:142240. [PMID: 38705417 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The Aedes aegypti mosquito is a vector for various arboviruses, including dengue and yellow fever. Insecticides, such as pyrethroids and organophosphates, are widely used to manage and control these insects. However, mosquitoes have developed resistance to these chemicals. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of the commercial formulation of fipronil (Tuit® Florestal; 80% purity) on the survival, behavior, morphology, and proteins related to signaling pathways of the midgut in A. aegypti larvae under controlled laboratory conditions. Significant reductions in immature survival were observed in all concentrations of fipronil tested. Low insecticide concentration (0.5 ppb) led to decreased locomotor activity in the larvae and caused disorganization of the epithelial tissue in the midgut. Moreover, exposure to the insecticide decreased the activity of detoxifying enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione-S-transferase. On the other hand, the insecticide increased protein oxidation and nitric oxide levels. The detection of LC3, caspase-3, and JNK proteins, related to autophagy and apoptosis, increased after exposure. However, there was a decrease in the positive cells for ERK 1/2. Furthermore, the treatment with fipronil decreased the number of positive cells for the proteins FMRF, Prospero, PH3, Wg, Armadillo, Notch, and Delta, which are related to cell proliferation and differentiation. These findings demonstrate that even at low concentrations, fipronil exerts larvicidal effects on A. aegypti by affecting behavior and enzymatic detoxification, inducing protein oxidation, free radical generation, midgut damage and cell death, and inhibiting cell proliferation and differentiation. Thus, this insecticide may represent a viable alternative for controlling the spread of this vector.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Franciane Rosa Miranda
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - Kenner Morais Fernandes
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Daniel Silva Sena Bastos
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Gustavo Ferreira Martins
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil.
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6
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García LM, Caicedo-Garzón V, Riveros AJ. Oral administration of phytochemicals protects honey bees against cognitive and motor impairments induced by the insecticide fipronil. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300899. [PMID: 38527045 PMCID: PMC10962823 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Pollution produced by exposure to pesticides is a major concern for food security because the negative impacts on pollinators. Fipronil, an insecticide broadly used around the globe has been associated with the ongoing decline of bees. With a characteristic neuroactive toxicodynamic, fipronil leads to cognitive and motor impairments at sublethal dosages. Despite of regional bans, multilevel strategies are necessary for the protection of pollinators. Recent evidence suggests that specific nutrients in the diets of bees may induce protection against insecticides. Here, we evaluated whether the administration of three phytochemicals, namely rutin, kaempferol and p-coumaric acid provide protection to the Africanized honey bee Apis mellifera against oral administration of realistic dosages of fipronil. We tested the potential impairment produced by fipronil and the protection induced by the phytochemicals in learning, 24h memory, sucrose sensitivity and motor control. We found that the administration of fipronil induced a concentration-dependent impairment in learning and motor control, but not 24h memory or sucrose sensitivity across a 24h window. We also found that the administration of rutin, p-coumaric acid, kaempferol and the mixture was innocuous and generally offered protection against the impairments induced by fipronil. Overall, our results indicate that bees can be prophylactically protected against insecticides via nutrition, providing an alternative to the ongoing conflict between the use of insecticides and the decline of pollinators. As the studied phytochemicals are broadly present in nectar and pollen, our results suggest that the nutritional composition, and not only its production, should be considered when implementing strategies of conservation via gardens and co-cropping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina M. García
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Valentina Caicedo-Garzón
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Andre J. Riveros
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
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7
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Fischer N, Costa CP, Hur M, Kirkwood JS, Woodard SH. Impacts of neonicotinoid insecticides on bumble bee energy metabolism are revealed under nectar starvation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169388. [PMID: 38104805 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Bumble bees are an important group of insects that provide essential pollination services as a consequence of their foraging behaviors. These pollination services are driven, in part, by energetic exchanges between flowering plants and individual bees. Thus, it is important to examine bumble bee energy metabolism and explore how it might be influenced by external stressors contributing to declines in global pollinator populations. Two stressors that are commonly encountered by bees are insecticides, such as the neonicotinoids, and nutritional stress, resulting from deficits in pollen and nectar availability. Our study uses a metabolomic approach to examine the effects of neonicotinoid insecticide exposure on bumble bee metabolism, both alone and in combination with nutritional stress. We hypothesized that exposure to imidacloprid disrupts bumble bee energy metabolism, leading to changes in key metabolites involved in central carbon metabolism. We tested this by exposing Bombus impatiens workers to imidacloprid according to one of three exposure paradigms designed to explore how chronic versus more acute (early or late) imidacloprid exposure influences energy metabolite levels, then also subjecting them to artificial nectar starvation. The strongest effects of imidacloprid were observed when bees also experienced nectar starvation, suggesting a combinatorial effect of neonicotinoids and nutritional stress on bumble bee energy metabolism. Overall, this study provides important insights into the mechanisms underlying the impact of neonicotinoid insecticides on pollinators, and underscores the need for further investigation into the complex interactions between environmental stressors and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Fischer
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.
| | - Claudinéia P Costa
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Manhoi Hur
- IIGB Metabolomics Core Facility, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Jay S Kirkwood
- IIGB Metabolomics Core Facility, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - S Hollis Woodard
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.
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8
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Radwan IT, Sayed-Ahmed MZ, Ghazawy NA, Alqahtani SS, Ahmad S, Alam N, Alkhaibari AM, Ali MS, Selim A, AbdelFattah EA. Effect of nanostructure lipid carrier of methylene blue and monoterpenes as enzymes inhibitor for Culex pipiens. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12522. [PMID: 37532732 PMCID: PMC10397322 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39385-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid lipid nanoparticles second generation, nanostructure lipid carrier (NLC), is one of the most important biodegradable nanoparticles. Nanostructure Lipid carrier (NLC) was used to encapsulate methylene blue (MB) dye, carvacrol and citronellal and their efficacy as insecticidal against Culex pipiens (Cx. pipiens) were distinguished. The prepared nanoformulation revealed very good physicochemical properties, especially the homogeneity of the particle size. Transmission electron microscope showed spherical shaped nanoparticles within range less than 200 nm. The prepared NLC-MB-MT system showed a very competitive insecticidal activity and high virulence against the mosquito larvae with higher mortality rate of LC50 of 0.141 µl/mL, in addition to high level of Oxidative stress parameters obtained through all the tested enzymes including hydrogen peroxide (4.8 ppm), protein carbonyl amount (0.12 OD/mg protein), ascorbic acid (0.15 mg) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) showed strong increasing (0.09 OD/mg protein/min) at 6 µg/mL, respectively. Whereas paradoxical results of the oxidative stress enzymes were obtained from different concentration of nanoformulation that introduce a convenient reason for their potential insecticidal effect. The cytotoxic effect of NLC-MB-MT was evaluated using WI38 human lung cell lines, the LC50 was 6.4 mg/mL. The low cytotoxic reactivity towards the tested cell line makes the NLC-MB-MT nanoformulation has its promising insecticidal efficacy. Molecular docking study for each component were done against acetylcholine esterase protein and accepted binding modes achieved by the three compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Taha Radwan
- Supplementary General Sciences Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 11835, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Z Sayed-Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | | | - Saad S Alqahtani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarfaraz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawazish Alam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Mousa Alkhaibari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, 71491, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Sajid Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelfattah Selim
- Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, 13736, Egypt.
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9
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Cestonaro LV, Crestani RP, Conte FM, Piton YV, Schmitz F, Ferreira FS, Wyse ATS, Garcia SC, Arbo MD. Immunomodulatory effect of imidacloprid on macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023:104190. [PMID: 37336278 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The neonicotinoid imidacloprid was promoted in the market because of widespread resistance to other insecticides, plus its low mammalian impact and higher specific toxicity towards insects. This study aimed to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of imidacloprid on macrophages. RAW 264.7 cells were incubated to 0-4000mg/L of imidacloprid for 24 and 96h. Imidacloprid presented a concentration-dependent cytotoxicity after 24h and 96h incubation for MTT reduction (3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (EC50 519.6 and 324.6mg/L, respectively) and Neutral Red (3-amino-7-dimethylamino-2-methylphenazine hydrochloride) assays (EC50 1139.0 and 324.2mg/L, respectively). Moreover, imidacloprid decreased the cells' inflammatory response and promoted a mitochondrial depolarization. The complex II and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activities in RAW 264.7 cells incubated with imidacloprid increased more at 24h. These results suggest that imidacloprid exerts an immunomodulatory effect and mitochondria can act as regulator of innate immune responses in the cytotoxicity mediated by the insecticide in RAW 264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Vivan Cestonaro
- Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Riciéli Pacheco Crestani
- Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Mocelin Conte
- Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Yasmin Vendruscolo Piton
- Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Schmitz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica (PPGBIOQ), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças Metabólicas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silva Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica (PPGBIOQ), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças Metabólicas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Angela T S Wyse
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica (PPGBIOQ), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças Metabólicas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Solange Cristina Garcia
- Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dutra Arbo
- Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil.
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10
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Martín-Blázquez R, Calhoun AC, Sadd BM, Cameron SA. Gene expression in bumble bee larvae differs qualitatively between high and low concentration imidacloprid exposure levels. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9415. [PMID: 37296299 PMCID: PMC10256756 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36232-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neonicotinoid pesticides negatively impact bumble bee health, even at sublethal concentrations. Responses to the neonicotinoid imidacloprid have been studied largely at individual adult and colony levels, focusing mostly on behavioral and physiological effects. Data from developing larvae, whose health is critical for colony success, are deficient, particularly at the molecular level where transcriptomes can reveal disruption of fundamental biological pathways. We investigated gene expression of Bombus impatiens larvae exposed through food provisions to two field-realistic imidacloprid concentrations (0.7 and 7.0 ppb). We hypothesized both concentrations would alter gene expression, but the higher concentration would have greater qualitative and quantitative effects. We found 678 genes differentially expressed under both imidacloprid exposures relative to controls, including mitochondrial activity, development, and DNA replication genes. However, more genes were differentially expressed with higher imidacloprid exposure; uniquely differentially expressed genes included starvation response and cuticle genes. The former may partially result from reduced pollen use, monitored to verify food provision use and provide additional context to results. A smaller differentially expressed set only in lower concentration larvae, included neural development and cell growth genes. Our findings show varying molecular consequences under different field-realistic neonicotinoid concentrations, and that even low concentrations may affect fundamental biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Martín-Blázquez
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Estación Biológica de Doñana, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Isla de la Cartuja, Seville, Spain.
| | - Austin C Calhoun
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, USA
| | - Ben M Sadd
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, USA
| | - Sydney A Cameron
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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11
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Tang Y, Feng M, Su Y, Ma T, Zhang H, Wu H, Wang X, Shi S, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Hu S, Wei K, Xu D. Jmjd4 Facilitates Pkm2 Degradation in Cardiomyocytes and Is Protective Against Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2023; 147:1684-1704. [PMID: 37066795 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.064121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large portion of idiopathic and familial dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) cases have no obvious causal genetic variant. Although altered response to metabolic stress has been implicated, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of DCM remain elusive. The JMJD family proteins, initially identified as histone deacetylases, have been shown to be involved in many cardiovascular diseases. Despite their increasingly diverse functions, whether JMJD family members play a role in DCM remains unclear. METHODS We examined Jmjd4 expression in patients with DCM, and conditionally deleted and overexpressed Jmjd4 in cardiomyocytes in vivo to investigate its role in DCM. RNA sequencing, metabolites profiling, and mass spectrometry were used to dissect the molecular mechanism of Jmjd4-regulating cardiac metabolism and hypertrophy. RESULTS We found that expression of Jmjd4 is significantly decreased in hearts of patients with DCM. Induced cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of Jmjd4 led to spontaneous DCM with severely impaired mitochondrial respiration. Pkm2, the less active pyruvate kinase compared with Pkm1, which is normally absent in healthy adult cardiomyocytes but elevated in cardiomyopathy, was found to be drastically accumulated in hearts with Jmjd4 deleted. Jmjd4 was found mechanistically to interact with Hsp70 to mediate degradation of Pkm2 through chaperone-mediated autophagy, which is dependent on hydroxylation of K66 of Pkm2 by Jmjd4. By enhancing the enzymatic activity of the abundant but less active Pkm2, TEPP-46, a Pkm2 agonist, showed a significant therapeutic effect on DCM induced by Jmjd4 deficiency, and heart failure induced by pressure overload, as well. CONCLUSIONS Our results identified a novel role of Jmjd4 in maintaining metabolic homeostasis in adult cardiomyocytes by degrading Pkm2 and suggest that Jmjd4 and Pkm2 may be therapeutically targeted to treat DCM, and other cardiac diseases with metabolic dysfunction, as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (Y.T., Y.S., T.M., Y.X., D.X.)
| | - Mengying Feng
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, China (M.F., H.Z., S.S., Y.Z., K.W.)
| | - Yang Su
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (Y.T., Y.S., T.M., Y.X., D.X.)
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (Y.T., Y.S., T.M., Y.X., D.X.)
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, China (M.F., H.Z., S.S., Y.Z., K.W.)
| | - Hongchun Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China (H.W., S.H.)
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (X.W.)
| | - Shuyue Shi
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, China (M.F., H.Z., S.S., Y.Z., K.W.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China (H.W., S.H.)
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, China (M.F., H.Z., S.S., Y.Z., K.W.)
| | - Yawei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (Y.T., Y.S., T.M., Y.X., D.X.)
| | - Shijun Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China (H.W., S.H.)
| | - Ke Wei
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, China (M.F., H.Z., S.S., Y.Z., K.W.)
| | - Dachun Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (Y.T., Y.S., T.M., Y.X., D.X.)
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12
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Barranger A, Klopp C, Le Bot B, Saramito G, Dupont L, Llopis S, Wiegand C, Binet F. Insights into the molecular mechanisms of pesticide tolerance in the Aporrectodea caliginosa earthworm. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 319:120945. [PMID: 36572272 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse pollution of the environment by pesticides has become a major soil threat to non-target organisms, such as earthworms for which declines have been reported. However some endogeic species are still abundant and persist in intensively cultivated fields, suggesting they become tolerant to long-term anthropogenic pressure. We thus considered the working hypothesis that populations of Aporrectodea caliginosa earthworms from conventionally managed fields developed a tolerance to pesticides compared with those from organically managed fields. To investigate this hypothesis, we studied earthworm populations of the same genetic lineage from soils that were either lowly or highly contaminated by pesticides to detect any constitutive expression of differentially expressed molecular pathways between these populations. Earthworm populations were then experimentally exposed to a fungicide-epoxiconazole-in the laboratory to identify different molecular responses when newly exposed to a pesticide. State-of-the-art omics technology (RNA sequencing) and bioinformatics were used to characterize molecular mechanisms of tolerance in a non-targeted way. Additional physiological traits (respirometry, growth, bioaccumulation) were monitored to assess tolerance at higher levels of biological organization. In the present study, we generated the de novo assembly transcriptome of A. caliginosa consisting of 64,556 contigs with N50 = 2862 pb. In total, 43,569 Gene Ontology terms were identified for 21,593 annotated sequences under the three main ontologies (biological processes, cellular components and molecular functions). Overall, we revealed that two same lineage populations of A. caliginosa earthworms, inhabiting similar pedo-climatic environment, have distinct gene expression pathways after they long-lived in differently managed agricultural soils with a contrasted pesticide exposure history for more than 22 years. The main difference was observed regarding metabolism, with upregulated pathways linked to proteolytic activities and the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the highly exposed population. This study improves our understanding of the long-term impact of chronic exposure of soil engineers to pesticide residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Barranger
- UMR CNRS ECOBIO 6553, Université de Rennes1, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, Cedex, France.
| | - Christophe Klopp
- UR INRAE 875 MIAT, GENOTOUL, 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, Cedex, France
| | - Barbara Le Bot
- Université de Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Gaëlle Saramito
- Université de Rennes, EHESP, Inserm, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Lise Dupont
- Université Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, 94010, Créteil, Cedex, France
| | - Stéphanie Llopis
- UMR CNRS ECOBIO 6553, Université de Rennes1, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, Cedex, France
| | - Claudia Wiegand
- UMR CNRS ECOBIO 6553, Université de Rennes1, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, Cedex, France
| | - Françoise Binet
- UMR CNRS ECOBIO 6553, Université de Rennes1, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, Cedex, France
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13
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Christen V. Different effects of pesticides on transcripts of the endocrine regulation and energy metabolism in honeybee foragers from different colonies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1985. [PMID: 36737645 PMCID: PMC9898565 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29257-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Honeybees are important pollinators of many crops and contribute to biological biodiversity. For years, a decline in bee populations has been observed in certain areas. This decline in honeybees is accompanied by a decrease in pollinator services. One factor contributing to the decline of bee colonies is the exposure to pesticides. Pesticide exposure of bees, among other effects, can negatively affect orientation, memory, immune system function and gene expression. Among the altered expressed genes are transcripts of endocrine regulation and oxidative phosphorylation. Endocrine regulation plays an important role in the development of nurse bees into foragers and oxidative phosphorylation is involved in energy metabolism. Most of these transcriptional changes were investigated using mixed aged honeybees derived from the same colony. Experiments using nurse bees or foragers of the same age but from different colonies are rare. In the present study, effects of the two pesticides chlorpyrifos and pyraclostrobin on the expression of transcripts linked to endocrine regulation and oxidative phosphorylation in foragers of the same age from three different colonies are investigated to fill this gap. These two pesticides were selected because negative effects at sublethal concentrations on bees are known and because they are found in pollen and nectar of crops and wild plants. For this purpose, 20-22 days old foragers of three different colonies were exposed to different sublethal concentrations of the selected fungicides for 24 h, followed by analysis of the expression of buffy, vitellogenin, hbg-3, ilp-1, mrjp1, 2 and 3, cox5a, cox5b and cox17. Some significant changes in gene expression of both endocrine regulation transcripts and oxidative phosphorylation were shown. Furthermore, it became clear that forager bees from different colonies react differently. This is especially important in relation to the risk analysis of pesticides. In addition, it could be shown that the expression of hbg-3 in the brain of bees is a robust marker to distinguish nurse bees from foragers at the molecular biological level. In summary, this study clearly shows that pesticides, which are often detected in pollen and nectar, display negative effects at sublethal concentrations on bees and that it is important to use bees from different colonies for risk assessment of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Christen
- School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Hofackerstrasse 30, 4132, Muttenz, Switzerland.
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14
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Martins CAH, Caliani I, D'Agostino A, Di Noi A, Casini S, Parrilli M, Azpiazu C, Bosch J, Sgolastra F. Biochemical responses, feeding and survival in the solitary bee Osmia bicornis following exposure to an insecticide and a fungicide alone and in combination. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:27636-27649. [PMID: 36383317 PMCID: PMC9995414 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In agricultural ecosystems, bees are exposed to combinations of pesticides that may have been applied at different times. For example, bees visiting a flowering crop may be chronically exposed to low concentrations of systemic insecticides applied before bloom and then to a pulse of fungicide, considered safe for bees, applied during bloom. In this study, we simulate this scenario under laboratory conditions with females of the solitary bee, Osmia bicornis L. We studied the effects of chronic exposure to the neonicotinoid insecticide, Confidor® (imidacloprid) at a realistic concentration, and of a pulse (1 day) exposure of the fungicide Folicur® SE (tebuconazole) at field application rate. Syrup consumption, survival, and four biomarkers: acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxylesterase (CaE), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were evaluated at two different time points. An integrated biological response (IBRv2) index was elaborated with the biomarker results. The fungicide pulse had no impact on survival but temporarily reduced syrup consumption and increased the IBRv2 index, indicating potential molecular alterations. The neonicotinoid significantly reduced syrup consumption, survival, and the neurological activity of the enzymes. The co-exposure neonicotinoid-fungicide did not increase toxicity at the tested concentrations. AChE proved to be an efficient biomarker for the detection of early effects for both the insecticide and the fungicide. Our results highlight the importance of assessing individual and sub-individual endpoints to better understand pesticide effects on bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Ariana Henriques Martins
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum Università Di Bologna, Viale Fanin 42, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ilaria Caliani
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Antonella D'Agostino
- Department of Management and Quantitative Studies, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
| | - Agata Di Noi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli, 4, 53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - Silvia Casini
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Martina Parrilli
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum Università Di Bologna, Viale Fanin 42, 40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Celeste Azpiazu
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de La Barceloneta 37, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Bosch
- CREAF, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Fabio Sgolastra
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum Università Di Bologna, Viale Fanin 42, 40127, Bologna, Italy
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15
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Global honeybee health decline factors and potential conservation techniques. Food Secur 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12571-023-01346-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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16
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Brodschneider R, Omar E, Crailsheim K. Flight performance of pollen starved honey bees and incomplete compensation through ingestion after early life pollen deprivation. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1004150. [PMID: 36569746 PMCID: PMC9780383 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1004150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of adult honey bee pollen nutrition on the flight performance of honey bees. Therefore, caged bees were allowed to perform 30 min of defecation/training flights every second day before flight performance of pollen-fed bees and pollen-deprived bees older than 16 days were compared in a flight mill. We first fed 10 µL of 1 M glucose solution to bees, and after they metabolized this during flight, they were fed 10 µL of 2 M glucose solution for a second flight test. Pollen-deprived bees flew longer and further than pollen-fed bees in both flights. Pollen-fed bees flew faster in the early period at the beginning of flights, whereas pollen-deprived bees were faster in the final phases. Pollen-fed bees were able to raise their maximum flight speed in 2 M glucose solution flights, whereas pollen-constraint bees were not. The two groups did not differ in abdomen fresh weight, but the fresh weight of the head and thorax and dry weight of the head, thorax and abdomen were higher in pollen-fed bees. In a second experiment, we constrained pollen consumption of caged bees during the first 7 days and compared daily consumption of bees from day 8-16 to consumption of bees unrestricted in pollen. We found that pollen-deprived bees perceive the pollen shortage and try to compensate for their needs by consuming significantly more pollen at the later phase of their life than pollen-fed bees of the same age. Still, bees constrained from pollen in the first 7 days did only reach 51.1% of the lifetime consumption of unconstrained bees. This shows that bees can sense the need for essential nutrients from pollen, but their physiological apparatus does not allow them to fully compensate for their early life constraint. Pollen deprivation only in the first 7 days of worker life likewise significantly reduced fresh and dry weights of the body sections (head, thorax, and abdomen) and survival. This underlines the importance of protein consumption in a short critical period early in adult bees' lives for their development and their performance later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Brodschneider
- University of Graz, Institute of Biology, Graz, Austria,*Correspondence: Robert Brodschneider,
| | - Eslam Omar
- University of Graz, Institute of Biology, Graz, Austria,Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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17
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Farder-Gomes CF, Santos AA, Fernandes KM, Bernardes RC, Martins GF, Serrão JE. Fipronil exposure compromises respiration and damages the Malpighian tubules of the stingless bee Partamona helleri Friese (Hymenoptera: Apidae). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:88101-88108. [PMID: 35821320 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21858-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fipronil has been widely used in agriculture and forestry in Brazil to control several pests. However, this insecticide may be hazardous to non-target organisms, including stingless bees, which are essential pollinators of crops and natural environments. Here, we investigated the effect of 24-h acute oral exposure to LC50 of fipronil on the Malpighian tubules of the stingless bee Partamona helleri (Friese). Insecticide exposure decreases the respiration rate of forager bees, and the Malpighian tubules are severely affected, as shown by the epithelial architecture disorganization, loss of cytoplasmic content, degradation of the brush border, and nuclear pyknosis. In addition, fipronil ingestion increases the number of Malpighian cells positive for peroxidase, LC3, cleaved caspase-3, and JNK. However, Notch and ERK1/2-positive cells decrease in the exposed bees. These changes in the signaling proteins indicate an increase in oxidative stress, autophagy and apoptosis, and impairment of cell recovery. Overall, our results demonstrate the toxicological effects of fipronil on a stingless bee, which compromises the physiology of this important pollinator.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abraão Almeida Santos
- Department of Entomology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Kenner Morais Fernandes
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo Ferreira Martins
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
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18
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Riveros AJ, Gronenberg W. The flavonoid rutin protects against cognitive impairments by imidacloprid and fipronil. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:276420. [PMID: 36000283 PMCID: PMC9482366 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.244526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The ongoing decline of bee populations and its impact on food security demands integrating multiple strategies. Sublethal impairments associated with exposure to insecticides, affecting the individual and the colony levels, have led to insecticide moratoria and bans. However, legislation alone is not sufficient and remains a temporary solution to an evolving market of insecticides. Here, we asked whether bees can be prophylactically protected against sublethal cognitive effects of two major neurotoxic insecticides, imidacloprid and fipronil, with different mechanisms of action. We evaluated the protective effect of the prophylactic administration of the flavonoid rutin, a secondary plant metabolite, present in nectar and pollen, and known for its neuroprotective properties. Following controlled or ad libitum administration of rutin, foragers of the North American bumble bee Bombus impatiens received oral administration of the insecticides at sublethal realistic dosages. Learning acquisition, memory retention and decision speed were evaluated using olfactory absolute conditioning of the proboscis extension response. We show that the insecticides primarily impair acquisition but not retention or speed of the conditioned proboscis extension response. We further show that the administration of the flavonoid rutin successfully protects the bees against impairments produced by acute and chronic administration of insecticides. Our results suggest a new avenue for the protection of bees against sublethal cognitive effects of insecticides. Highlighted Article: Prophylactically feeding bumble bees with rutin protects their learning and memory performance against oral exposure to insecticides with different mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre J Riveros
- Departamento de Biología. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad del Rosario. Bogotá, Colombia.,Department of Neuroscience. School of Brain, Mind and Behavior. University of Arizona. Tucson, AZ, USA.,AJR. Departamento de Biología. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad del Rosario. Cra. 26 #63B-48. Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Wulfila Gronenberg
- Department of Neuroscience. School of Brain, Mind and Behavior. University of Arizona. Tucson, AZ, USA
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19
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Kim S, Kim JH, Cho S, Lee DE, Clark JM, Lee SH. Chronic exposure to field-realistic doses of imidacloprid resulted in biphasic negative effects on honey bee physiology. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 144:103759. [PMID: 35341906 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2022.103759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There have been many investigations on the negative effects of imidacloprid (IMD) on honey bees. IMD is known to disrupt honey bee physiology and colony health at a relatively low concentration compared to other pesticides. In this study, honey bee colonies were chronically exposed to field-realistic concentrations (5, 20, and 100 ppb) of IMD, and the body weight, flight performance, carbohydrate reserve, and lipid contents of forager bees analyzed. Transcriptome analyses followed by quantitative PCR were also conducted for both nurse and forager bees to elucidate any changes in energy metabolism related to phenotypic disorders. The body weights of newly emerged and nurse bees showed decreasing tendencies as the IMD concentration increased. In forager bees, however, IMD induced a biphasic change in body weight: body weight was decreased at the lower concentrations (5 and 20 ppb) but increased at the higher concentration (100 ppb). Nevertheless, the flight capability of forager bees significantly decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. The effects of IMD on target gene transcription in forager bees showed biphasic patterns between low (5 and 20 ppb) and high (100 ppb) concentrations. Nurse bees showed typical features of premature transition to foragers in a concentration-dependent manner. When exposed to low concentrations, forager bees exhibited downregulation of genes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and in the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway, upregulation of transporter activity, and a dose-dependent body weight reduction, which were similar to insulin resistance and diabetic symptoms. However, increased lipid metabolism and decreased energy metabolism with body weight gain were observed at high IMD concentration. Considered together, these results suggest that field-realistic doses of IMD alter honey bee energy metabolism in distinctly different ways at low and high concentrations, both of which negatively affect honey bee colony health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghyeon Kim
- Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju Hyeon Kim
- Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Susie Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Do Eun Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - John Marshall Clark
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, United States
| | - Si Hyeock Lee
- Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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20
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Carneiro LS, Martinez LC, Oliveira AHD, Cossolin JFS, Resende MTCSD, Gonçalves WG, Medeiros-Santana L, Serrão JE. Acute oral exposure to imidacloprid induces apoptosis and autophagy in the midgut of honey bee Apis mellifera workers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 815:152847. [PMID: 34995599 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The honey bee Apis mellifera is an important pollinator that increases the yield and quality of crops. In recent years, honey bee populations have declined in some parts of the world, which has been associated with several causes, including pesticides used in agriculture. Neonicotinoids are neurotoxic insecticides widely used in the world with systemic action mode contaminating nectar and pollen that may be consumed by bees. This study evaluated the side effects of imidacloprid in the midgut of A. mellifera after acute oral exposure. Toxicity, histopathology, cytotoxicity, and expression of autophagy-related gene atg1 were evaluated in honey bee workers orally exposed to imidacloprid. The estimated imidacloprid LC50 was 1.44 mg L-1. The midgut epithelium of bees fed on imidacloprid LC50 has the occurrence of cytoplasm vacuoles, enlarged intercellular spaces, disorganization of the striated border, and nuclear pyknosis, with an organ injury index that increases with time exposure. The midgut digestive cells of treated bees have apical protrusions, damaged mitochondria, and autophagosomes that were characterized for content with organelle debris and high expression of atg1. These features indicate the occurrence of high cell death in the midgut of workers exposed to imidacloprid, which may affect the digestibility the physiology of the insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenise Silva Carneiro
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Luis Carlos Martinez
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Wagner Gonzanga Gonçalves
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Luanda Medeiros-Santana
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - campus Rio Paranaíba, Rio Paranaíba, Minas Gerais 38810-00, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil.
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21
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Neonicotinoids: mechanisms of systemic toxicity based on oxidative stress-mitochondrial damage. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:1493-1520. [PMID: 35344072 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03267-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids are the most widely used pesticides in the world. However, research studies have shown that it can affect the cognitive abilities and health of non-target bees and other wild pollinators by inducing DNA damage, apoptosis and mitochondrial damage, injure to its central nervous system, and it is even developmentally neurotoxic to mammals and humans, with mitochondria being an important target of neonicotinoids. Therefore, this article reviews the role of mitochondrial morphology, calcium ions (Ca2+) homeostasis, respiratory function, apoptosis, and DNA damage in neonicotinoids-induced systemic toxicity. Additionally, it evaluates the protective effects of various active substances including vitamin C, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), curcumin (CUR), glutathione reduced (GSH), caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), resveratrol, and thymoquinone (TQ) on neonicotinoids-induced toxicity. This review manuscript found that mitochondria are important targets to neonicotinoids. Neonicotinoids can cause DNA damage, apoptosis, protein oxidation, and lipid peroxidation in non-target organisms by altering mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis, inhibiting mitochondrial respiration, and inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Several active substances (vitamin C, NAC, CUR, GSH, resveratrol, CAPE, and TQ) play a protective role against neonicotinoid-induced systemic toxicity by inhibiting ROS signaling pathways, apoptosis, and lipid peroxidation. This review manuscript emphasizes the importance and urgency of the development of neonicotinoid antidotes, emphasizes the prospect of the application of targeted mitochondrial antidotes, and prospects the development of neonicotinoid antidotes in order to provide some strategies for the prevention of neonicotinoid toxicity.
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22
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Paten AM, Colin T, Coppin CW, Court LN, Barron AB, Oakeshott JG, Morgan MJ. Non-additive gene interactions underpin molecular and phenotypic responses in honey bee larvae exposed to imidacloprid and thymol. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 814:152614. [PMID: 34963587 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the cumulative risk of chemical mixtures at environmentally realistic concentrations is a key challenge in honey bee ecotoxicology. Ecotoxicogenomics, including transcriptomics, measures responses in individual organisms at the molecular level which can provide insights into the mechanisms underlying phenotypic responses induced by one or more stressors and link impacts on individuals to populations. Here, fifth instar honey bee larvae were sampled from a previously reported field experiment exploring the phenotypic impacts of environmentally realistic chronic exposures of the pesticide imidacloprid (5 μg.kg-1 for six weeks) and the acaricide thymol (250 g.kg-1 applied via Apiguard gel in-hive for four weeks), both separately and in combination. RNA-seq was used to discover individual and interactive chemical effects on larval gene expression and to uncover molecular mechanisms linked to reported adult and colony phenotypes. The separate and combined treatments had distinct gene expression profiles which represented differentially affected signaling and metabolic pathways. The molecular signature of the mixture was characterised by additive interactions in canonical stress responses associated with oxidative stress and detoxification, and non-additive interactions in secondary responses including developmental, neurological, and immune pathways. Novel emergent impacts on eye development genes correlated with long-term defects in visual learning performance as adults. This is consistent with these chemicals working through independent modes of action that combine to impact common downstream pathways, and highlights the importance of establishing mechanistic links between molecular and phenotypic responses when predicting effects of chemical mixtures on ecologically relevant population outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Paten
- Land and Water, CSIRO, Black Mountain, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
| | - Théotime Colin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Chris W Coppin
- Land and Water, CSIRO, Black Mountain, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
| | - Leon N Court
- Land and Water, CSIRO, Black Mountain, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
| | - Andrew B Barron
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia.
| | - John G Oakeshott
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia; Applied Biosciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Matthew J Morgan
- Land and Water, CSIRO, Black Mountain, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
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23
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Cheng X, Chen KX, Jiang ND, Wang L, Jiang HY, Zhao YX, Dai ZL, Dai YJ. Nitroreduction of imidacloprid by the actinomycete Gordonia alkanivorans and the stability and acute toxicity of the nitroso metabolite. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132885. [PMID: 34774905 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The insecticide imidacloprid (IMI), which is used worldwide, pollutes environments and has significant ecotoxicological effects. Microbial metabolism and photolysis are the major pathways of IMI degradation in natural environments. Several studies have reported that the metabolites of IMI nitroreduction are more toxic to some insects and mammals than IMI itself. Thus, environmental degradation of IMI may enhance the ecotoxicity of IMI and have adverse effects on non-target organisms. Here, we report that an actinomycete-Gordonia alkanivorans CGMCC 21704-transforms IMI to a nitroreduction metabolite, nitroso IMI. Resting cells of G. alkanivorans at OD600 nm = 10 transformed 95.7% of 200 mg L-1 IMI to nitroso IMI in 4 d. Nitroso IMI was stable at pH 4-9. However, it rapidly degraded under sunlight via multiple oxidation, dehalogenation, and oxidative cleavage reactions to form 10 derivatives; the half-life of nitroso IMI in photolysis was 0.41 h, compared with 6.19 h for IMI. Acute toxicity studies showed that the half maximal effective concentration (EC50) values of IMI, nitroso IMI, and its photolytic metabolites toward the planktonic crustacean Daphnia magna for immobilization (exposed to the test compounds for 48 h) were 17.70, 9.38, 8.44 mg L-1, respectively. The half-life of nitroso IMI in various soils was also examined. The present study reveals that microbial nitroreduction accelerates IMI degradation and the nitroso IMI is easily decomposed by sunlight and in soil. However, nitroso IMI and its photolytic products have higher toxicity toward D. magna than the parent compound IMI, and therefore increase the ecotoxicity of IMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Xin Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Neng-Dang Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Huo-Yong Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Xiu Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Ling Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Jun Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Zhang Y, Chen D, Xu Y, Ma L, Du M, Li P, Yin Z, Xu H, Wu X. Stereoselective toxicity mechanism of neonicotinoid dinotefuran in honeybees: New perspective from a spatial metabolomics study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 809:151116. [PMID: 34688756 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Development of stereoisomeric neonicotinoid pesticides with lower toxicity is key to preventing global population declines of honeybees, whereas little is known about the in situ metabolic regulation of honeybees in response to stereoisomeric pesticides. Herein, we demonstrate an integrated mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) and untargeted metabolomics method to disclose disturbed metabolic expression levels and spatial differentiation in honeybees (Apis cerana) associated with stereoisomeric dinotefuran. This method affords a metabolic network mapping capability regarding a wide range of metabolites involved in multiple metabolic pathways in honeybees. Metabolomics results indicate more metabolic pathways of honeybees can be significantly affected by S-(+)-dinotefuran than R-(-)-dinotefuran, such as tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, and various amino acid metabolisms. MSI results demonstrate the cross-regulation and spatial differentiation of crucial metabolites involved in the TCA cycle, purine, glycolysis, and amino acid metabolisms within honeybees. Taken together, the integrated MSI and metabolomics results indicated the higher toxicity of S-(+)-dinotefuran arises from metabolic pathway disturbance and its inhibitory role in the energy metabolism, resulting in significantly reduced degradation rates of detoxification mechanisms. From the view of spatial metabolomics, our findings provide novel perspectives for the development and applications of pure chiral agrochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Creation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yizhu Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lianlian Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mingyi Du
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhibin Yin
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Hanhong Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xinzhou Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources and Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology of the Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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25
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Miao Z, Miao Z, Wang S, Shi X, Xu S. Quercetin antagonizes imidacloprid-induced mitochondrial apoptosis through PTEN/PI3K/AKT in grass carp hepatocytes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 290:118036. [PMID: 34488159 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Imidacloprid (IMI) is widely used in agriculture, and is toxic to non-target aquatic species. Quercetin (Que) is a flavonoid abundant in fruits and vegetables that exhibits anti-oxidant activity. In the present study, we treated grass carp hepatocytes (L8824) with 0.1 μM Que and/or 1 mM IMI for 24 h to explore the effect of Que on IMI-induced mitochondrial apoptosis. We found that IMI exposure enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, inhibiting the activities of SOD, CAT and T-AOC, exacerbating the accumulation of MDA, aggravating the expression of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway (Cyt-C, BAX, Caspase9 and Caspase3) related genes and decreased the expression of anti-apoptosis gene B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). In addition, Que and IMI co-treatment significantly restored the activity of anti-oxidant enzymes, downregulated ROS level and apoptosis rate, thereby alleviating the depletion of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and the expression of cytochrome c (Cyt-C), Bcl-2-associated X (BAX), and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinases (Caspase9 and 3), increasing the Bcl-2 level. Furthermore, we elucidated that Que could inhibit the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), thus activating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway to attenuate IMI-induced apoptosis. Molecular docking provides assertive evidence for the interaction between Que ligand and PTEN receptor. Consequently, these results indicate that Que effectively antagonizes IMI-induced mitochondrial apoptosis in grass carp hepatocytes via regulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiruo Miao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Zhiying Miao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Shengchen Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Xu Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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26
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Sargent C, Ebanks B, Hardy ICW, Davies TGE, Chakrabarti L, Stöger R. Acute Imidacloprid Exposure Alters Mitochondrial Function in Bumblebee Flight Muscle and Brain. FRONTIERS IN INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 1:765179. [PMID: 38468884 PMCID: PMC10926543 DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2021.765179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are intracellular organelles responsible for cellular respiration with one of their major roles in the production of energy in the form of ATP. Activities with increased energetic demand are especially dependent on efficient ATP production, hence sufficient mitochondrial function is fundamental. In bees, flight muscle and the brain have particularly high densities of mitochondria to facilitate the substantial ATP production required for flight activity and neuronal signalling. Neonicotinoids are systemic synthetic insecticides that are widely utilised against crop herbivores but have been reported to cause, by unknown mechanisms, mitochondrial dysfunction, decreasing cognitive function and flight activity among pollinating bees. Here we explore, using high-resolution respirometry, how the neonicotinoid imidacloprid may affect oxidative phosphorylation in the brain and flight muscle of the buff-tailed bumblebee, Bombus terrestris. We find that acute exposure increases routine oxygen consumption in the flight muscle of worker bees. This provides a candidate explanation for prior reports of early declines in flight activity following acute exposure. We further find that imidacloprid increases the maximum electron transport capacity in the brain, with a trend towards increased overall oxygen consumption. However, intra-individual variability is high, limiting the extent to which apparent effects of imidacloprid on brain mitochondria are shown conclusively. Overall, our results highlight the necessity to examine tissue-specific effects of imidacloprid on respiration and energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Sargent
- School of Biosciences, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Brad Ebanks
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Ian C. W. Hardy
- School of Biosciences, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - T. G. Emyr Davies
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Chakrabarti
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Reinhard Stöger
- School of Biosciences, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
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27
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He B, Liu Z, Wang Y, Cheng L, Qing Q, Duan J, Xu J, Dang X, Zhou Z, Li Z. Imidacloprid activates ROS and causes mortality in honey bees (Apis mellifera) by inducing iron overload. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 228:112709. [PMID: 34895731 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid pesticide widely used for insect pest control, has become a potential pollutant to pollinators. Previous reports have demonstrated the toxicity of this drug in activating oxidative stress resulting in high mortality in the honey bee Apis mellifera. However, the mechanisms underlying the toxicity of imidacloprid have not been fully elucidated. In this study, sublethal (36 ng/bee) and median lethal (132 ng/bee) doses of imidacloprid were administered to bees. The results showed dose-dependent increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS), Fe2+, and mortality in bees. Notably, imidacloprid also induced upregulation of the gene encoding ferritin (AmFth), which plays a pivotal role in reducing Fe2+ overload. Upregulation of AmFth has been suggested to be closely related to ROS accumulation and high mortality in bees. To confirm the role played by AmFth in imidacloprid-activated ROS, dsAmFth double-strand was orally administered to bees after exposure to imidacloprid. The results revealed aggravated Fe2+ overload, higher ROS activation, and elevated mortality in the bees, indicating that imidacloprid activated ROS and caused mortality in the bees, probably by inducing iron overload. This study helps to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity of imidacloprid from the perspective of iron metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao He
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuedi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lanchun Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiqian Qing
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaxin Duan
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinshan Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqun Dang
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zeyang Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China; The State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi Li
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China.
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28
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Leska A, Nowak A, Nowak I, Górczyńska A. Effects of Insecticides and Microbiological Contaminants on Apis mellifera Health. Molecules 2021; 26:5080. [PMID: 34443668 PMCID: PMC8398688 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, there has been an alarming decline in the number of honey bee colonies. This phenomenon is called Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD). Bee products play a significant role in human life and have a huge impact on agriculture, therefore bees are an economically important species. Honey has found its healing application in various sectors of human life, as well as other bee products such as royal jelly, propolis, and bee pollen. There are many putative factors of CCD, such as air pollution, GMO, viruses, or predators (such as wasps and hornets). It is, however, believed that pesticides and microorganisms play a huge role in the mass extinction of bee colonies. Insecticides are chemicals that are dangerous to both humans and the environment. They can cause enormous damage to bees' nervous system and permanently weaken their immune system, making them vulnerable to other factors. Some of the insecticides that negatively affect bees are, for example, neonicotinoids, coumaphos, and chlorpyrifos. Microorganisms can cause various diseases in bees, weakening the health of the colony and often resulting in its extinction. Infection with microorganisms may result in the need to dispose of the entire hive to prevent the spread of pathogens to other hives. Many aspects of the impact of pesticides and microorganisms on bees are still unclear. The need to deepen knowledge in this matter is crucial, bearing in mind how important these animals are for human life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Leska
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Adriana Nowak
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Nowak
- Faculty of Law and Administration, University of Lodz, Kopcinskiego 8/12, 90-232 Lodz, Poland; (I.N.); (A.G.)
| | - Anna Górczyńska
- Faculty of Law and Administration, University of Lodz, Kopcinskiego 8/12, 90-232 Lodz, Poland; (I.N.); (A.G.)
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29
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Almasri H, Tavares DA, Tchamitchian S, Pélissier M, Sené D, Cousin M, Brunet JL, Belzunces LP. Toxicological status changes the susceptibility of the honey bee Apis mellifera to a single fungicidal spray application. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:42807-42820. [PMID: 33822299 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13747-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
During all their life stages, bees are exposed to residual concentrations of pesticides, such as insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides, stored in beehive matrices. Fungicides are authorized for use during crop blooms because of their low acute toxicity to honey bees. Thus, a bee that might have been previously exposed to pesticides through contaminated food may be subjected to fungicide spraying when it initiates its first flight outside the hive. In this study, we assessed the effects of acute exposure to the fungicide in bees with different toxicological statuses. Three days after emergence, bees were subjected to chronic exposure to the insecticide imidacloprid and the herbicide glyphosate, either individually or in a binary mixture, at environmental concentrations of 0.01 and 0.1 μg/L in food (0.0083 and 0.083 μg/kg) for 30 days. Seven days after the beginning of chronic exposure to the pesticides (10 days after emergence), the bees were subjected to spraying with the fungicide difenoconazole at the registered field dosage. The results showed a delayed significant decrease in survival when honey bees were treated with the fungicide. Fungicide toxicity increased when honey bees were chronically exposed to glyphosate at the lowest concentration, decreased when they were exposed to imidacloprid, and did not significantly change when they were exposed to the binary mixture regardless of the concentration. Bees exposed to all of these pesticide combinations showed physiological disruptions, revealed by the modulation of several life history traits related mainly to metabolism, even when no effect of the other pesticides on fungicide toxicity was observed. These results show that the toxicity of active substances may be misestimated in the pesticide registration procedure, especially for fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanine Almasri
- INRAE, UR 406 A&E, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, F-84000, Avignon, France
| | - Daiana Antonia Tavares
- INRAE, UR 406 A&E, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, F-84000, Avignon, France
| | - Sylvie Tchamitchian
- INRAE, UR 406 A&E, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, F-84000, Avignon, France
| | - Michel Pélissier
- INRAE, UR 406 A&E, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, F-84000, Avignon, France
| | - Déborah Sené
- INRAE, UR 406 A&E, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, F-84000, Avignon, France
| | - Marianne Cousin
- INRAE, UR 406 A&E, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, F-84000, Avignon, France
| | - Jean-Luc Brunet
- INRAE, UR 406 A&E, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, F-84000, Avignon, France
| | - Luc P Belzunces
- INRAE, UR 406 A&E, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, F-84000, Avignon, France.
- INRAE, UR 406 A&E, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, CS 40509, 84914, Avignon Cedex 9, France.
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Pfaff J, Reinwald H, Ayobahan SU, Alvincz J, Göckener B, Shomroni O, Salinas G, Düring RA, Schäfers C, Eilebrecht S. Toxicogenomic differentiation of functional responses to fipronil and imidacloprid in Daphnia magna. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 238:105927. [PMID: 34340001 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Active substances of pesticides, biocides or pharmaceuticals can induce adverse side effects in the aquatic ecosystem, necessitating environmental hazard and risk assessment prior to substance registration. The freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna is a model organism for acute and chronic toxicity assessment representing aquatic invertebrates. However, standardized tests involving daphnia are restricted to the endpoints immobility and reproduction and thus provide only limited insights into the underlying modes-of-action. Here, we applied transcriptome profiling to a modified D. magna Acute Immobilization test to analyze and compare gene expression profiles induced by the GABA-gated chloride channel blocker fipronil and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonist imidacloprid. Daphnids were expose to two low effect concentrations of each substance followed by RNA sequencing and functional classification of affected gene ontologies and pathways. For both insecticides, we observed a concentration-dependent increase in the number of differentially expressed genes, whose expression changes were highly significantly positively correlated when comparing both test concentrations. These gene expression fingerprints showed virtually no overlap between the test substances and they related well to previous data of diazepam and carbaryl, two substances targeting similar molecular key events. While, based on our results, fipronil predominantly interfered with molecular functions involved in ATPase-coupled transmembrane transport and transcription regulation, imidacloprid primarily affected oxidase and oxidoreductase activity. These findings provide evidence that systems biology approaches can be utilized to identify and differentiate modes-of-action of chemical stressors in D. magna as an invertebrate aquatic non-target organism. The mechanistic knowledge extracted from such data will in future contribute to the development of Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) for read-across and prediction of population effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Pfaff
- Fraunhofer Attract Eco'n'OMICs, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Schmallenberg, Germany; Institute of Soil Science and Soil Conservation, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (iFZ), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hannes Reinwald
- Fraunhofer Attract Eco'n'OMICs, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Schmallenberg, Germany; Department Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Steve U Ayobahan
- Fraunhofer Attract Eco'n'OMICs, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Julia Alvincz
- Fraunhofer Attract Eco'n'OMICs, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Bernd Göckener
- Department Environmental and Food Analysis, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Orr Shomroni
- NGS-Services for Integrative Genomics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gabriela Salinas
- NGS-Services for Integrative Genomics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rolf-Alexander Düring
- Institute of Soil Science and Soil Conservation, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (iFZ), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christoph Schäfers
- Department of Ecotoxicology, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Eilebrecht
- Fraunhofer Attract Eco'n'OMICs, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Schmallenberg, Germany.
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Methylene blue can act as an antidote to pesticide poisoning of bumble bee mitochondria. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14710. [PMID: 34282204 PMCID: PMC8289979 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94231-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The population of bumble bees and other pollinators has considerably declined worldwide, probably, due to the toxic effect of pesticides used in agriculture. Inexpensive and available antidotes can be one of the solutions for the problem of pesticide toxicity for pollinators. We studied the properties of the thiazine dye Methylene blue (MB) as an antidote against the toxic action of pesticides in the bumble bee mitochondria and found that MB stimulated mitochondrial respiration mediated by Complex I of the electron transport chain (ETC) and increased respiration of the mitochondria treated with mitochondria-targeted (chlorfenapyr, hydramethylnon, pyridaben, tolfenpyrad, and fenazaquin) and non-mitochondrial (deltamethrin, metribuzin, and penconazole) pesticides. MB also restored the mitochondrial membrane potential dissipated by the pesticides affecting the ETC. The mechanism of MB action is most probably related to its ability to shunt electron flow in the mitochondrial ETC.
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32
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The complete mitochondrial genome of Choroterpes (Euthralus) yixingensis (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) and its mitochondrial protein-coding gene expression under imidacloprid stress. Gene 2021; 800:145833. [PMID: 34274477 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As one of the most common benthic invertebrates in freshwater, mayflies are very sensitive to changes in water quality and have high requirements for the water environment to allow their nymphs to successfully live and grow. Neonicotinoids, such as imidacloprid, can enter fresh water and pollute the aquatic environment. The present study had two goals: (1) investigate imidacloprid effects on mayfly larvae Choroterpes (Euthralus) yixingensis, and (2) contribute to the phylogenetic status of Ephemeroptera that has always been controversial. Nymphs were collected from Jinhua, China and exposed to different concentrations imidacloprid (5, 10, 20, and 40 μg/L) in the laboratory. Survival of C. yixingensis nymphs decreased as a function of time and imidacloprid concentration with only ~ 55% survival after 72 h exposure to 40 μg/L imidacloprid. After culture under 40 μg/L imidacloprid for 24 h, the steady state transcript levels of mitochondrial COX3, ND4 and ND4L genes were reduced to just 0.07 ± 0.11, 0.30 ± 0.16, and 0.28 ± 0.13 as compared with respective control values (P < 0.01). Steady state transcript levels of ND4 and ND4L were also significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05), suggesting that the steady state transcript pattern of these genes in mayfly nymphs can change in response to different levels of environmental contamination. Hence, the mitochondrial protein-coding genes of mayflies could potentially be developed as biomarkers for water ecotoxicity monitoring in the future. In addition, we used the mitochondrial genome sequence of C. yixingensis for an assessment of the phylogenetic tree of Ephemeroptera. The monophyly of Leptophlebiidae was supported and showed that Leptophlebiidae was a sister group to the clade (Baetidae + Caenidae).
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Almasri H, Tavares DA, Diogon M, Pioz M, Alamil M, Sené D, Tchamitchian S, Cousin M, Brunet JL, Belzunces LP. Physiological effects of the interaction between Nosema ceranae and sequential and overlapping exposure to glyphosate and difenoconazole in the honey bee Apis mellifera. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 217:112258. [PMID: 33915451 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pathogens and pollutants, such as pesticides, are potential stressors to all living organisms, including honey bees. Herbicides and fungicides are among the most prevalent pesticides in beehive matrices, and their interaction with Nosema ceranae is not well understood. In this study, the interactions between N. ceranae, the herbicide glyphosate and the fungicide difenoconazole were studied under combined sequential and overlapping exposure to the pesticides at a concentration of 0.1 µg/L in food. In the sequential exposure experiment, newly emerged bees were exposed to the herbicide from day 3 to day 13 after emerging and to the fungicide from day 13 to day 23. In the overlapping exposure experiment, bees were exposed to the herbicide from day 3 to day 13 and to the fungicide from day 7 to day 17. Infection by Nosema in early adult life stages (a few hours post emergence) greatly affected the survival of honey bees and elicited much higher mortality than was induced by pesticides either alone or in combination. Overlapping exposure to both pesticides induced higher mortality than was caused by sequential or individual exposure. Overlapping, but not sequential, exposure to pesticides synergistically increased the adverse effect of N. ceranae on honey bee longevity. The combination of Nosema and pesticides had a strong impact on physiological markers of the nervous system, detoxification, antioxidant defenses and social immunity of honey bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanine Almasri
- INRAE, UR 406 A&E, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | | | - Marie Diogon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Maryline Pioz
- INRAE, UR 406 A&E, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | - Maryam Alamil
- INRAE, UR Biostatistiques et Processus Spatiaux, F-84914 Avignon, France
| | - Déborah Sené
- INRAE, UR 406 A&E, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | - Sylvie Tchamitchian
- INRAE, UR 406 A&E, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | - Marianne Cousin
- INRAE, UR 406 A&E, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | - Jean-Luc Brunet
- INRAE, UR 406 A&E, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | - Luc P Belzunces
- INRAE, UR 406 A&E, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, F-84000 Avignon, France.
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Liu P, Wu F, Li H, You J. The neonicotinoid alternative sulfoxaflor causes chronic toxicity and impairs mitochondrial energy production in Chironomus kiinensis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 235:105822. [PMID: 33823484 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Unintentional environmental consequences caused by neonicotinoids reinforce the development of safer alternatives. Sulfoxaflor is considered such an alternative. However, ecological risk of sulfoxaflor remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the acute and chronic toxicity of sulfoxaflor to a benthic invertebrate, Chironomus kiinensis. Sulfoxaflor showed lower lethality than imidacloprid to midges, with LC50 values of 84.1 (81.5-87.3), 66.3 (34.8-259), and 47.5 (29.5-306) μg/L for 96-h, 10-d, and 23-d exposures, respectively. Conversely, sulfoxaflor significantly inhibited C. kiinensis growth and emergence in chronic exposures when concentrations were above 20 μg/L. Effects on energy production were assessed through in vitro tests using mitochondria isolated from C. kiinensis. Sulfoxaflor disrupted mitochondrial state-3 respiration, meanwhile, adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production were both inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. The observed mitochondrial dysfunction may be related to the decreased organismal growth and emergence, which could further influence biodiversity. Interestingly, sulfoxaflor uptake in C. kiinensis was detected even after emergence, implying its potential to be transported along food webs and among environmental compartments. This study provides thorough investigations on the toxicity of an emerging neonicotinoid alternative to Chironomidae. Data derived from the current study are useful to inform future ecological risk assessment and benefit problem-solving to the overall agriculture-environment nexus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Liu
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Fan Wu
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China.
| | - Huizhen Li
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Jing You
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
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Wei F, Wang D, Li H, You J. Joint toxicity of imidacloprid and azoxystrobin to Chironomus dilutus at organism, cell, and gene levels. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 233:105783. [PMID: 33662881 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides occur in the environment as mixtures, yet the joint toxicity of pesticide mixtures remains largely under-explored and is usually overlooked in ecological risk assessment. In the current study, joint toxicity of a neonicotinoid insecticide (imidacloprid, IMI) and a strobilurin fungicide (azoxystrobin, AZO) was investigated with Chironomus dilutus over a wide range of concentrations and at different effect levels (organism, cell, and gene levels). The two pesticides, both individually and in combination, were found to induce oxidative stress and cause lethality in C. dilutus. Median lethal concentrations for IMI and AZO were 3.98 ± 1.17 and 52.9 ± 1.1 μg/L, respectively. Mixtures of the two pesticides presented synergetic effects at environmentally relevant concentrations whilst antagonistic effects at high concentrations, showing concentration-dependent joint toxicity. Investigation on the expressions of 12 genes (cyt b, coi, cox1, cyp4, cyp12m1, cyp9au1, cyp6fv1, cyp315, gst, Zn/Cu-sod, Mn-sod, and cat) revealed that the two pesticides impaired mitochondrial respiration, detoxification, and antioxidant system of C. dilutus, and the joint effects of the two pesticides were likely due to an interplay between their respective influences on these physiological processes. Collectively, the synergistic effects of the two pesticides at environmentally relevant concentrations highlight the importance to incorporate combined toxicity studies into ecological risk assessment of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Wei
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; School of Chemistry and Environment, Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514015, China
| | - Dali Wang
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Huizhen Li
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jing You
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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Giorio C, Safer A, Sánchez-Bayo F, Tapparo A, Lentola A, Girolami V, van Lexmond MB, Bonmatin JM. An update of the Worldwide Integrated Assessment (WIA) on systemic insecticides. Part 1: new molecules, metabolism, fate, and transport. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:11716-11748. [PMID: 29105037 PMCID: PMC7920890 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0394-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
With the exponential number of published data on neonicotinoids and fipronil during the last decade, an updated review of literature has been conducted in three parts. The present part focuses on gaps of knowledge that have been addressed after publication of the Worldwide Integrated Assessment (WIA) on systemic insecticides in 2015. More specifically, new data on the mode of action and metabolism of neonicotinoids and fipronil, and their toxicity to invertebrates and vertebrates, were obtained. We included the newly detected synergistic effects and/or interactions of these systemic insecticides with other insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, adjuvants, honeybee viruses, and parasites of honeybees. New studies have also investigated the contamination of all environmental compartments (air and dust, soil, water, sediments, and plants) as well as bees and apicultural products, food and beverages, and the exposure of invertebrates and vertebrates to such contaminants. Finally, we review new publications on remediation of neonicotinoids and fipronil, especially in water systems. Conclusions of the previous WIA in 2015 are reinforced; neonicotinoids and fipronil represent a major threat worldwide for biodiversity, ecosystems, and all the services the latter provide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Giorio
- Laboratoire Chimie de l'Environnement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Anton Safer
- Institute of Public Health, Ruprecht-Karls-University, INF324, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Bayo
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, 1 Central Avenue, Eveleigh, NSW, 2015, Australia
| | - Andrea Tapparo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Lentola
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Girolami
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Jean-Marc Bonmatin
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Rue Charles Sadron, 45071, Orléans, France.
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Bownik A, Szabelak A. Short-term effects of pesticide fipronil on behavioral and physiological endpoints of Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:10.1007/s11356-021-13091-6. [PMID: 33638071 PMCID: PMC8241664 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13091-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Fipronil (FIP) is an organic pesticide with many practical uses. Although some results indicated toxic effects in some terrestrial and aquatic animal species, little is known on its influence on behavioral and physiological endpoints of cladocerans. The aim of our study was to determine the short-term effects of FIP at concentrations of 0.1 μg/L, 1 μg/L, 10 μg/L, and 100 μg/L on Daphnia magna sublethal indices: behavioral (swimming speed, distance traveled) and physiological endpoints (heart rate, post-abdominal claw activity and thoracic limb movements). The results showed that FIP induced reduction of swimming speed and distance traveled in a concentration- and time-dependent manner at all the concentrations used. The lowest concentration of the insecticide temporarily stimulated post-abdominal claw activity after 24 h and thoracic limb activity after 48 h; however, the highest concentrations reduced all the studied physiological endpoints. IC50 values showed that thoracic limb activity, swimming speed, and distance traveled were most sensitive to FIP after 24-h exposure. The most sensitive parameter after 48 h and 72 h was swimming speed and post-abdominal claw activity, respectively. The study indicated that (i) behavioral and physiological endpoints of Daphnia magna are reliable and valuable sublethal indicators of toxic alterations induced by FIP; however, they respond with different sensitivity at various times of exposure, (ii) FIP may alter cladoceran behavior and physiological processes at concentrations detected in the aquatic environment; therefore, it should be considered as an ecotoxicological hazard to freshwater cladocerans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Bownik
- Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Dobrzańskiego 37, 20-262, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Szabelak
- Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Dobrzańskiego 37, 20-262, Lublin, Poland
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Wang SH, Lo SC, Tung YJ, Kuo CW, Tai YH, Hsieh SY, Lee KL, Hsiao SR, Sheen JF, Hsu JC, Wei PK. Multichannel nanoplasmonic platform for imidacloprid and fipronil residues rapid screen detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 170:112677. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gao J, Jin SS, He Y, Luo JH, Xu CQ, Wu YY, Hou CS, Wang Q, Diao QY. Physiological Analysis and Transcriptome Analysis of Asian Honey Bee ( Apis cerana cerana) in Response to Sublethal Neonicotinoid Imidacloprid. INSECTS 2020; 11:E753. [PMID: 33153109 PMCID: PMC7692690 DOI: 10.3390/insects11110753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Asian honey bee (Apis cerana) is the most important Chinese indigenous species, while its toxicological characteristic against neonicotinoids is poorly known. Here, we combined physiological experiments with a genome-wide transcriptome analysis to understand the molecular basis of genetic variation that responds to sublethal imidacloprid at different exposure durations in A. cerana. We found that LC5 dose of imidacloprid had a negative impact on climbing ability and sucrose responsiveness in A. cerana. When bees were fed with LC5 dose of imidacloprid, the enzyme activities of P450 and CarE were decreased, while the GSTs activity was not influenced by the pesticide exposure. The dynamic transcriptomic profiles of A. cerana workers exposed to LC5 dose of imidacloprid for 1 h, 8 h, and 16 h were obtained by high-throughput RNA-sequencing. We performed the expression patterns of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) through trend analysis, and conducted the gene ontology analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis with DEGs in up- and down-regulated pattern profiles. We observed that more genes involved in metabolism, catalytic activity, and structural molecule activity are down-regulated; while more up-regulated genes were enriched in terms associated with response to stimulus, transporter activity, and signal transducer activity. Additionally, genes related to the phenylalanine metabolism pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, and mTOR signaling pathway as indicated in the KEGG analysis were significantly up-related in the exposed bees. Our findings provide a comprehensive understanding of Asian honey bee in response to neonicotinoids sublethal toxicity, and could be used to further investigate the complex molecular mechanisms in Asian honey bee under pesticide stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (J.G.); (S.-S.J.); (C.-Q.X.); (Y.-Y.W.); (C.-S.H.); (Q.W.)
| | - San-Sheng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (J.G.); (S.-S.J.); (C.-Q.X.); (Y.-Y.W.); (C.-S.H.); (Q.W.)
| | - Yan He
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of crop genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.H.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Jin-Hong Luo
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of crop genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.H.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Chun-Qin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (J.G.); (S.-S.J.); (C.-Q.X.); (Y.-Y.W.); (C.-S.H.); (Q.W.)
| | - Yan-Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (J.G.); (S.-S.J.); (C.-Q.X.); (Y.-Y.W.); (C.-S.H.); (Q.W.)
| | - Chun-Shen Hou
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (J.G.); (S.-S.J.); (C.-Q.X.); (Y.-Y.W.); (C.-S.H.); (Q.W.)
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (J.G.); (S.-S.J.); (C.-Q.X.); (Y.-Y.W.); (C.-S.H.); (Q.W.)
| | - Qing-Yun Diao
- Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (J.G.); (S.-S.J.); (C.-Q.X.); (Y.-Y.W.); (C.-S.H.); (Q.W.)
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40
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Fent K, Schmid M, Hettich T, Schmid S. The neonicotinoid thiacloprid causes transcriptional alteration of genes associated with mitochondria at environmental concentrations in honey bees. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115297. [PMID: 32823041 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Thiacloprid is widely used in agriculture and may affect pollinators. However, its molecular effects are poorly known. Here, we report the global gene expression profile in the brain of honey bee foragers assessed by RNA-sequencing. Bees were exposed for 72 h to nominal concentrations of 25 and 250 ng/bee via sucrose solution. Determined residue concentrations by LC-MS/MS were 0.59 and 5.49 ng/bee, respectively. Thiacloprid exposure led to 5 and 71 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively. Nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial ribosomal proteins and enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, as well as metabolism enzymes and transporters were altered at 5.49 ng/bee. Kyoto Encylopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that mitochondrial ribosome proteins, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, pyrimidine, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism and additional metabolic pathways were altered. Among 21 genes assessed by RT-qPCR, the transcript of farnesol dehydrogenase involved in juvenile hormone III synthesis was significantly down-regulated. Transcripts of cyp6a14-like and apolipophorin-II like protein, cytochrome oxidase (cox17) and the non-coding RNA (LOC102654625) were significantly up-regulated at 5.49 ng/bee. Our findings indicate that thiacloprid causes transcriptional changes of genes prominently associated with mitochondria, particularly oxidative phosphorylation. This highlight potential effects of this neonicotinoid on energy metabolism, which may compromise bee foraging and thriving populations at environmentally relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Fent
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Hofackerstrasse 30, CH-4132, Muttenz, Switzerland; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollution Dynamics, Department of Environmental Systems Science, CH-8092, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Michael Schmid
- Genexa AG, Dienerstrasse 7, CH-8004, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Timm Hettich
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Hofackerstrasse 30, CH-4132, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Simon Schmid
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Hofackerstrasse 30, CH-4132, Muttenz, Switzerland
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41
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Fotopoulou E, Lykogianni M, Papadimitriou E, Mavrikou S, Machera K, Kintzios S, Thomaidou D, Aliferis ΚΑ. Mining the effect of the neonicotinoids imidacloprid and clothianidin on the chemical homeostasis and energy equilibrium of primary mouse neural stem/progenitor cells using metabolomics. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 168:104617. [PMID: 32711778 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The projection of plant protection products' (PPPs) toxicity to non-target organisms at early stages of their development is challenging and demanding. Recent developments in bioanalytics, however, have facilitated the study of fluctuations in the metabolism of biological systems in response to treatments with bioactives and the discovery of corresponding toxicity biomarkers. Neonicotinoids are improved insecticides that target nicotinic acetylocholine receptors (nAChR) in insects which are similar to mammals. Nonetheless, they have sparked controversy due to effects on non-target organisms. Within this context, mammalian cell cultures represent ideal systems for the development of robust models for the dissection of PPPs' toxicity. Thus, we have investigated the toxicity of imidacloprid, clothianidin, and their mixture on primary mouse (Mus musculus) neural stem/progenitor (NSPCs) and mouse neuroblastoma-derived Neuro-2a (N2a) cells, and the undergoing metabolic changes applying metabolomics. Results revealed that NSPCs, which in vitro resemble those that reside in the postnatal and adult central nervous system, are five to seven-fold more sensitive than N2a to the applied insecticides. The energy equilibrium of NSPCs was substantially altered, as it is indicated by fluctuations of metabolites involved in energy production (e.g. glucose, lactate), Krebs cycle intermediates, and fatty acids, which are important components of cell membranes. Such evidence plausibly suggests a switch of cells' energy-producing mechanism to the direct metabolism of glucose to lactate in response to insecticides. The developed pipeline could be further exploited in the discovery of unintended effects of PPPs at early steps of development and for regulatory purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Fotopoulou
- Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - M Lykogianni
- Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; Laboratory of Biological Control of Pesticides, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, St. Delta 8, 14561 Kifissia, Greece
| | - E Papadimitriou
- Neural Stem Cells and Neuroimaging Group, Neurobiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Vasilissis Sofias 127, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - S Mavrikou
- Laboratory of Cell Technology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - K Machera
- Laboratory of Toxicological Control of Pesticides, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, St. Delta 8, 14561 Kifissia, Greece
| | - S Kintzios
- Laboratory of Cell Technology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - D Thomaidou
- Neural Stem Cells and Neuroimaging Group, Neurobiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Vasilissis Sofias 127, 11521 Athens, Greece.
| | - Κ Α Aliferis
- Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; Department of Plant Science, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9C, Canada.
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42
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Fioresi VS, de Cássia Ribeiro Vieira B, de Campos JMS, da Silva Souza T. Cytogenotoxic activity of the pesticides imidacloprid and iprodione on Allium cepa root meristem. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:28066-28076. [PMID: 32405953 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09201-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Effects of imidacloprid and iprodione, isolated and in mixture, were assessed by using seed germination and root growth test, flow cytometry, and chromosomal aberrations test on Allium cepa root meristem. The highest concentrations of imidacloprid, including field concentration, increased the frequency of sub-G1 particles, decreased the frequency of nuclei in G2/M, increased the coefficient of variation of G1 (CVG1) and the frequency of aberrant cells, and inhibited the mitotic index culminating in the reduction in root length. All doses of iprodione also presented cytogenotoxic action. The highest concentration of the fungicide affected the growth of A. cepa roots. In response to exposure to pesticide mixtures, the cell cycle of A. cepa was blocked in the G1 phase. The mixtures with low doses of the pesticides significantly decreased the mitotic index, and as a consequence, the genotoxicity was reduced. In the mixtures with the highest doses of the agrochemicals, the blockage of the cell cycle was insufficient for damage repair, resulting in a significant increase of chromosomal aberrations. The results suggest caution in the use of pesticides doses that induce cytological abnormalities in non-target organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Sartori Fioresi
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde (CCENS), Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário s/n, Caixa Postal 16, Alegre, ES, 29500-000, Brasil
| | | | | | - Tatiana da Silva Souza
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde (CCENS), Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário s/n, Caixa Postal 16, Alegre, ES, 29500-000, Brasil.
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43
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Nicodemo D, Mingatto FE, De Jong D, Bizerra PFV, Tavares MA, Bellini WC, Vicente EF, de Carvalho A. Mitochondrial Respiratory Inhibition Promoted by Pyraclostrobin in Fungi is Also Observed in Honey Bees. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2020; 39:1267-1272. [PMID: 32239770 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There is no use restriction associated with bees for many fungicides used in agriculture; however, this does not always mean that these pesticides are harmless for these nontarget organisms. We investigated whether the fungicide pyraclostrobin, which acts on fungal mitochondria, also negatively affects honey bee mitochondrial bioenergetics. Honey bees were collected from 5 hives and anesthetized at 4 °C. The thoraces were separated, and mitochondria were isolated by grinding, filtering, and differential centrifugation. An aliquot of 0.5 mg of mitochondrial proteins was added to 0.5 mL of a standard reaction medium with 4 mM succinate (complex II substrate) plus 50 nM rotenone (complex I inhibitor), and mitochondrial respiration was measured at 30 °C using a Clark-type oxygen electrode. Mitochondrial membrane potential was determined spectrofluorimetrically using safranin O as a probe, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis was determined by chemiluminescence. Pyraclostrobin at 0 to 50 μM was tested on the mitochondrial preparations, with 3 repetitions. Pyraclostrobin inhibited mitochondrial respiration in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations of 10 μM and above, demonstrating typical inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation. Pyraclostrobin also promoted a decline in the mitochondrial membrane potential at doses of 5 μM and above and in ATP synthesis at 15 μM and above. We conclude that pyraclostrobin interferes with honey bee mitochondrial function, which is especially critical for the energy-demanding flight activity of foraging bees. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1267-1272. © 2020 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Nicodemo
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Dracena, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio Erminio Mingatto
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Dracena, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - David De Jong
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Francisco Veiga Bizerra
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Dracena, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Tavares
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Dracena, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - William Cesar Bellini
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Dracena, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Festozo Vicente
- Department of Biosystem Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Tupã, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda de Carvalho
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Dracena, São Paulo, Brazil
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Wei F, Wang D, Li H, Xia P, Ran Y, You J. Toxicogenomics provides insights to toxicity pathways of neonicotinoids to aquatic insect, Chironomus dilutus. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:114011. [PMID: 31991362 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid insecticides have posed a great threat to non-target organisms, yet the mechanisms underlying their toxicity are not well characterized. Major modes of action (MoAs) of imidacloprid were analyzed in an aquatic insect Chironomus dilutus. Lethal and sublethal outcomes were assessed in the midges after 96-h exposure to imidacloprid. Global transcriptomic profiles were determined using de novo RNA-sequencing to more holistically identify toxicity pathways. Transcriptional 10% biological potency values derived from ranked KEGG pathways and GO terms were 0.02 (0.01-0.08) (mean (95% confidence interval) and 0.05 (0.04-0.06) μg L-1, respectively, which were more sensitive than those from phenotypic traits (10% lethal concentration: 0.44 (0.23-0.79) μg L-1; 10% burrowing behavior concentration: 0.30 (0.22-0.43) μg L-1). Major MoAs of imidacloprid in aquatic species were identified as follows: the activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) induced by imidacloprid impaired organisms' nerve system through calcium ion homeostasis imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction, which posed oxidative stress and DNA damage and eventually caused death of organisms. The current investigation highlighted that imidacloprid affected C. dilutus at environmentally relevant concentrations, and elucidated toxicity pathways derived from gene alteration to individual outcomes, calling for more attention to toxicity of neonicotinoids to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dali Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Huizhen Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
| | - Pu Xia
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Yong Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jing You
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China.
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45
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Park H, Lee JY, Park S, Song G, Lim W. Developmental toxicity of fipronil in early development of zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae: Disrupted vascular formation with angiogenic failure and inhibited neurogenesis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 385:121531. [PMID: 31732348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fipronil has been widely used in agriculture to prevent aggressive insects from damaging agricultural products. Fipronil residues circulate in the environment and they have been detected in non-targeted organisms in aquatic environments. To study the effect of fipronil toxicity on environmental health, 6 h post fertilization (hpf) zebrafish embryos were treated with fipronil for 72 h. LC50 value was obtained by applying varying concentrations of fipronil to zebrafish embryos for 72 h. As zebrafish embryos are useful vertebrate models for studying developmental and genetic findings in toxicology research, they were exposed to fipronil to study detailed elucidating mechanisms with hazardous end points of toxicity. Cell cycle arrest-related apoptosis supported pathological alterations, such as increased mortality, shortened body length, and reduced hatchability. Furthermore, observed heart defects, including edema and irregular heartbeat were caused due to abnormal blood circulation. In transgenic zebrafish models (fli1:eGFP and olig2:dsRED), disrupted blood vessel formations were indicated by eGFP+ endothelial cells. Moreover, neurogenic defects were observed by studying dsRED+ motor neurons and oligodendrocytes. This study demonstrates fipronil accumulation in aquatic environment and its ability to impair essential processes, such as angiogenesis and neurogenesis during early developmental stage of zebrafish, along with general developmental toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hahyun Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Young Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Sunwoo Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea.
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46
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Chmiel JA, Daisley BA, Pitek AP, Thompson GJ, Reid G. Understanding the Effects of Sublethal Pesticide Exposure on Honey Bees: A Role for Probiotics as Mediators of Environmental Stress. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Zaluski R, Bittarello AC, Vieira JCS, Braga CP, Padilha PDM, Fernandes MDS, Bovi TDS, Orsi RDO. Modification of the head proteome of nurse honeybees (Apis mellifera) exposed to field-relevant doses of pesticides. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2190. [PMID: 32042077 PMCID: PMC7010795 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59070-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the effect of pesticides on the survival of honeybee colonies is important because these pollinators are reportedly declining globally. In the present study, we examined the changes in the head proteome of nurse honeybees exposed to individual and combined pesticides (the fungicide pyraclostrobin and the insecticide fipronil) at field-relevant doses (850 and 2.5 ppb, respectively). The head proteomes of bees exposed to pesticides were compared with those of bees that were not exposed, and proteins with differences in expression were identified by mass spectrometry. The exposure of nurse bees to pesticides reduced the expression of four of the major royal jelly proteins (MRJP1, MRJP2, MRJP4, and MRJP5) and also several proteins associated with carbohydrate metabolism and energy synthesis, the antioxidant system, detoxification, biosynthesis, amino acid metabolism, transcription and translation, protein folding and binding, olfaction, and learning and memory. Overall, when pyraclostrobin and fipronil were combined, the changes in protein expression were exacerbated. Our results demonstrate that vital proteins and metabolic processes are impaired in nurse honeybees exposed to pesticides in doses close to those experienced by these insects in the field, increasing their susceptibility to stressors and affecting the nutrition and maintenance of both managed and natural colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Zaluski
- Grupo de Estudos em Apicultura e Meliponicultura Sustentável de Mato Grosso do Sul - GEAMS, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FAMEZ), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
| | - Alis Correia Bittarello
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - José Cavalcante Souza Vieira
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Institute of Chemistry (INQUI), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Camila Pereira Braga
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro de Magalhaes Padilha
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Thaís de Souza Bovi
- Núcleo de Ensino, Ciência e Tecnologia em Apicultura Racional (NECTAR), São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Animal Production, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo de Oliveira Orsi
- Núcleo de Ensino, Ciência e Tecnologia em Apicultura Racional (NECTAR), São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Animal Production, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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48
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Christen V, Krebs J, Bünter I, Fent K. Biopesticide spinosad induces transcriptional alterations in genes associated with energy production in honey bees (Apis mellifera) at sublethal concentrations. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 378:120736. [PMID: 31202068 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Bees experience substantial colony losses, which are often associated with pesticides. Besides synthetic insecticides biological compounds such as spinosad are used in agriculture and organic farming against insect pests. However, potential adverse effect at sublethal concentrations to pollinators are poorly known. Here we aim to determine potential adverse outcome pathways of spinosad and to identify molecular effects by investigating transcriptional alterations in the brain of honey bees. We experimentally exposed bees to three sublethal concentrations of 0.05, 0.5 and 5 ng spinosad/bee, and assessed transcriptional alterations of target genes. Additionally, we evaluated whether spinosad-induced transcriptional alterations were influenced by the time of the year. In April, alterations were most pronounced after 24 h exposure, while in June alterations occurred mostly after 48 h. In July, expressional alterations were often lower but the pattern was more similar to that in June than that in April. Down-regulation of genes encoding acetylcholine receptors, enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation (cox5a, ndufb7 and cox17), cytochrome P450 dependent monooxygenases (cyp9q1, cyp9q2 and cyp9q3) and insulin-like peptide-1 were among the most significant transcriptional alterations. This suggests adverse effects of spinosad to energy production and metabolism and thus negative consequences on foraging. Together, our study indicates that spinosad causes adverse effects at environmentally realistic concentrations, which may pose a risk to bee populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Christen
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Langackerstrasse 30, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Jana Krebs
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Langackerstrasse 30, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Bünter
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Langackerstrasse 30, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Karl Fent
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Langackerstrasse 30, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETH Zürich), Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollution Dynamics, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Li G, Zhou C, Zhu C, He L, Li X, Xu Z, Xu X, Shao X, Li Z, Cheng J. Design, Synthesis, Insecticidal Evaluation and Modeling Studies on 1,4,6,7- tetrahydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]oxazine Derivatives: An Application of Scaffold Hopping Strategy on Fipronil. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180816666190701101734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background::As the first phenylpyrazole pesticide, fipronil has been widely used in crop protection and public hygiene. In the low energy conformation of fipronil, a pseudo-six-membered ring is observed through an intramolecular hydrogen bond.Methods: :A scaffold hopping strategy was applied to mimic the pseudo-six-membered ring of fipronil by non-aromatic ring. All compounds were synthesized with a proper synthetic route and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and high-resolution mass spectra. Insecticidal activities of all target compounds against Plutella xylostella were assessed by a professional organization. Physicochemical property prediction and docking study of these compounds with GABA receptor were also performed.Results::A series of 1,4,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[3,4-d][1,3]oxazine derivatives containing twenty-five compounds were designed, synthesized and evaluated. Several compounds exhibited moderate activities against Plutella xylostella. The strong electron-withdrawing groups are conducive to improve activities of this series of compounds against Plutella xylostella. Docking study showed that the most active compound 10 with nitro group could bind within the TM2 domain of GABA receptor, in which a hydrogen bond was observed with residue 6’Thr. The activity of 10 was weaker than fipronil due to the differences in physicochemical properties.Conclusion: :More attention should be paid to physicochemical properties during novel pesticide hit or lead design through scaffold hopping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Cong Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Chengchun Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Lujue He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhiping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaoyong Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xusheng Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiagao Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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50
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Christen V, Krebs J, Fent K. Fungicides chlorothanolin, azoxystrobin and folpet induce transcriptional alterations in genes encoding enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation and metabolism in honey bees (Apis mellifera) at sublethal concentrations. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 377:215-226. [PMID: 31170570 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fungicides are highly used for plant protection but their molecular and chronic effects are poorly known. Here, we analyse transcriptional effects in the brain of honey bees of three frequently applied fungicides, azoxystrobin, chlorothanolin and folpet, after oral exposure for 24, 48 and 72 h. Among transcripts assessed were genes encoding proteins for immune and hormone system regulation, oxidative phosphorylation, metabolism, and acetylcholine receptor alpha 1. Azoxystrobin and folpet induced minor alterations, including down-regulation of hbg-3 by azoxystrobin and induction of ndufb-7 by folpet. Chlorothanolin induced strong transcriptional down-regulation of genes encoding enzymes related to oxidative phosphorylation and metabolism, including cyp9q1, cyp9q2 and cyp9q3, acetylcholine receptor alpha 1 and hbg-3 and ilp-1, which are linked to hormonal regulation and behavioural transition of honey bees. Exposures to chlorothanolin in different seasonal times showed different responsiveness; responses were faster and often stronger in April than in June. Chlorothanolin caused the strongest effects and affected transcriptional abundance of genes related to energy production, metabolism and the endocrine system. Disturbed energy production may reduce foraging activity and hormonal dysregulation, such as the transition of nurse bees to foragers. Further analyses are needed to further substantiate potential adverse effects of chlorothanolin in bees on the physiological level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Christen
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Langackerstrasse 30, CH-4132, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Jana Krebs
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Langackerstrasse 30, CH-4132, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Karl Fent
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Langackerstrasse 30, CH-4132, Muttenz, Switzerland; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETH Zürich), Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollution Dynamics, CH-8092, Zürich, Switzerland.
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