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Rheude C, Nikendei C, Stopyra MA, Bendszus M, Krämer B, Gruber O, Friederich HC, Simon JJ. Two sides of the same coin? What neural processing of emotion and rewards can tell us about complex post-traumatic stress disorder and borderline personality disorder. J Affect Disord 2024; 368:711-719. [PMID: 39299592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and complex posttraumatic stress disorder (cPTSD) share clinical similarities, complicating diagnosis and treatment. Research on the neurobiology of BPD and monotraumatic PTSD has shown that a prefrontal-limbic imbalance in emotional and reward processing is a hallmark of both disorders, but studies examining this network in cPTSD are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to directly compare neural processing of emotion and reward during decision making in cPTSD and BPD. METHODS Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we measured neural activity in female patients (27 patients with cPTSD, 21 patients with BPD and 37 healthy controls) during a Desire-Reason Dilemma task featuring distracting fearful facial expressions. RESULTS We found no differences in neural activation when comparing cPTSD and BPD. However, when grouping patients based on symptom severity instead on diagnosis, we found that increased symptoms of cPTSD were associated with increased activation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during reward rejection, whereas increased symptoms of BPD were associated with decreased activation in prefrontal and limbic regions during reward rejection with distracting negative emotional stimuli. CONCLUSION This is the first study to investigate and compare emotional processing and reward-based decision making in cPTSD and BPD. Although we found no neural differences between disorders, we identified symptom-related neural patterns. Specifically, we found that elevated cPTSD symptoms were related to greater sensitivity to reward stimuli, whereas heightened BPD symptoms were related to increased susceptibility to emotional stimuli during goal-directed decision making. These findings enhance our understanding of neural pathomechanisms in trauma-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Rheude
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Nikendei
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany; DZPG (German Centre for Mental Health) - Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim/Ulm, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Marion A Stopyra
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Martin Bendszus
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Bernd Krämer
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Baden Württemberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Gruber
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Baden Württemberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Christoph Friederich
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany; DZPG (German Centre for Mental Health) - Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim/Ulm, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Joe J Simon
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany; DZPG (German Centre for Mental Health) - Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim/Ulm, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.
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Qu W, Yang Y, Zhou M, Fan W. Impact of self-control and time perception on intertemporal choices in gain and loss situations. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1324146. [PMID: 38406261 PMCID: PMC10884325 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1324146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Individuals frequently encounter dilemmas in which they must choose between smaller, immediate gains and larger, delayed rewards; this phenomenon is known as intertemporal choice. The present study analyzed the interplay of trait and state self-control and time perception tendencies (time overestimation vs. time underestimation) and how it influences the rates of selecting immediate options in both gain and loss situations by conducting an intertemporal choice task. Experiment 1 was used to explore the impact of trait self-control and time perception on intertemporal choices within gain and loss situations. In Experiment 2, the e-crossing task was used to induce self-control resource depletion in participants and to investigate the impact of self-control resources and time perception on intertemporal choices in gain and loss situations. The results indicate that (1) compared with the high-self-control group, the low-self-control group exhibited a greater tendency to choose immediate options. Additionally, the high time estimation group was more likely to opt for immediate choices than the low time estimation group was. Furthermore, participants were more likely to select immediate options in the loss situation than in the gain situation. (2) In the gain situation, the high time estimation group was more likely to choose immediate options than was the low time estimation group. However, in the loss situation, the difference between the two groups was nonsignificant. (3) Time perception and gain-loss situations exerted a moderating mediating effect on the impact of self-control resources on intertemporal choices. These findings shed light on the influence of both self-control abilities and self-control resources on intertemporal choices. They provide valuable insights into intertemporal decision behaviors across diverse contexts and indicate the need for rational analysis based on one's current state to mitigate cognitive biases to ensure individuals can maximize benefits in their daily lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Qu
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengjie Zhou
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Department of Psychology, School of Education Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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Gocet Tekin E, Yilmaz FB, Satici SA. Impulsivity and substance misuse among Turkish people: Serial mediating effect of emotion dysregulation and general anxiety disorder. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37812504 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2023.2263742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Substance misuse is an alarming issue worldwide that causes serious problems at both the individual and societal levels, placing a burden on public health systems and economies. Understanding the predictors of substance misuse may help prevent it and may be an adjunct to treatment. The present study examined the relationship among impulsivity, emotion dysregulation, generalized anxiety disorder, and substance misuse. A total of 462 participants age between 18 and 74 years (M = 33.67, SD = 12.91) from 49 cities across Türkiye, completed the measures of impulsivity, emotion dysregulation, generalized anxiety disorder, and substance misuse. Structural equation modeling indicated that impulsivity, emotion dysregulation, and generalized anxiety have a significant predictive role in substance misuse. Further, emotion dysregulation and generalized anxiety disorder mediate the relationship between impulsivity and substance misuse. These findings suggest that noticing and treating impulsivity, emotion dysregulation, and generalized anxiety may minimize the effects of substance misuse.
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Deng L, Luo S, Fang Q, Xu J. Intertemporal decision-making as a mediator between personality traits and self-management in type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1210691. [PMID: 37575446 PMCID: PMC10422026 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1210691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aims to investigate the mediating effect of intertemporal decision-making on the association between personality traits and self-management among individuals with in Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM). Method Patients with T2DM in the early stages of hospitalization at two tertiary hospitals in Shenyang and Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, May 2022 to January 2023. Questionnaires, including General Demographic, Self-Management, Big Five Personality, and Intertemporal Decision-Making, were administered. Pearson correlation analysis examined relationships between personality traits, intertemporal decision-making, and self-management. Hierarchical regression analysis identified self-management predictors. Mediation analysis used the PROCESS SPSS Macro version 3.3 model 4 to investigate intertemporal decision-making as mediator between personality traits and self-management. Results Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant associations between self-management scores, personality traits, and intertemporal decision-making. Hierarchical regression revealed that Neuroticism and Conscientiousness accounted for 20.8% of the variance in self-management, while intertemporal decision-making explained 4.5% of the variance. Finally, using the Bootstrap method, the mediation analysis showed that intertemporal decision-making partially mediated the effect of personality traits on self-management. Conclusion This study emphasizes the importance of intertemporal decision-making in improving self-management behaviors among patients with T2DM. Interventions targeted at modifying intertemporal decision-making preferences could be effective in enhancing self-management behaviors, leading to better health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfang Deng
- Department of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Shaoting Luo
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qianna Fang
- Department of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Jinjiang Xu
- Department of Health Management Center, The First Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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Yin H, Wang M, Chen C, Suo T. Future-oriented motivation impacts intertemporal choice: The modulation of trait self-control. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2022.111762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Scholz C, Chan HY, Poldrack RA, de Ridder DTD, Smidts A, van der Laan LN. Can we have a second helping? A preregistered direct replication study on the neurobiological mechanisms underlying self-control. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:4995-5016. [PMID: 36082693 PMCID: PMC9582371 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Self‐control is of vital importance for human wellbeing. Hare et al. (2009) were among the first to provide empirical evidence on the neural correlates of self‐control. This seminal study profoundly impacted theory and empirical work across multiple fields. To solidify the empirical evidence supporting self‐control theory, we conducted a preregistered replication of this work. Further, we tested the robustness of the findings across analytic strategies. Participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while rating 50 food items on healthiness and tastiness and making choices about food consumption. We closely replicated the original analysis pipeline and supplemented it with additional exploratory analyses to follow‐up on unexpected findings and to test the sensitivity of results to key analytical choices. Our replication data provide support for the notion that decisions are associated with a value signal in ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), which integrates relevant choice attributes to inform a final decision. We found that vmPFC activity was correlated with goal values regardless of the amount of self‐control and it correlated with both taste and health in self‐controllers but only taste in non‐self‐controllers. We did not find strong support for the hypothesized role of left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) in self‐control. The absence of statistically significant group differences in dlPFC activity during successful self‐control in our sample contrasts with the notion that dlPFC involvement is required in order to effectively integrate longer‐term goals into subjective value judgments. Exploratory analyses highlight the sensitivity of results (in terms of effect size) to the analytical strategy, for instance, concerning the approach to region‐of‐interest analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Scholz
- Amsterdam School of Communication Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hang-Yee Chan
- Amsterdam School of Communication Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Russell A Poldrack
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Denise T D de Ridder
- Department of Social, Health and Organisational Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ale Smidts
- Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Pan N, Wang S, Qin K, Li L, Chen Y, Zhang X, Lai H, Suo X, Long Y, Yu Y, Ji S, Radua J, Sweeney JA, Gong Q. Common and Distinct Neural Patterns of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder: A Multimodal Functional and Structural Meta-analysis. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2022:S2451-9022(22)00147-1. [PMID: 35714858 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) have partially overlapping symptom profiles and are highly comorbid in adults. However, whether the behavioral similarities correspond to shared neurobiological substrates is not known. METHODS An overlapping meta-analysis of 58 ADHD and 66 BPD whole-brain articles incorporating observations from 3401 adult patients and 3238 healthy participants was performed by seed-based d mapping. Brain maps were subjected to meta-analytic connectivity modeling and data-driven functional decoding analyses to identify associated neural circuit alterations and relations to behavioral dimensions. RESULTS Both groups exhibited hypoactivated abnormalities in the left inferior parietal lobule, and altered clusters of the bilateral superior temporal gyrus were disjunctive in ADHD and BPD. No overlapping structural abnormalities were found. Multimodal alterations of ADHD were located in the right putamen and of BPD in the left orbitofrontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS The transdiagnostic neural bases of ADHD and BPD in temporoparietal circuitry may underlie overlapping problems of behavioral control, while disorder-specific substrates in frontostriatal circuitry may account for their distinguishing features in motor and emotion domains, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanfang Pan
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Song Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Kun Qin
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Han Lai
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueling Suo
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Yajing Long
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Yifan Yu
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyu Ji
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John A Sweeney
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Radiology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, China.
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Zhuang Q, Xu L, Zhou F, Yao S, Zheng X, Zhou X, Li J, Xu X, Fu M, Li K, Vatansever D, Kendrick KM, Becker B. Segregating domain-general from emotional context-specific inhibitory control systems - ventral striatum and orbitofrontal cortex serve as emotion-cognition integration hubs. Neuroimage 2021; 238:118269. [PMID: 34139360 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory control hierarchically regulates cognitive and emotional systems in the service of adaptive goal-directed behavior across changing task demands and environments. While previous studies convergently determined the contribution of prefrontal-striatal systems to general inhibitory control, findings on the specific circuits that mediate emotional context-specific impact on inhibitory control remained inconclusive. Against this background we combined an evaluated emotional Go/No Go task with fMRI in a large cohort of subjects (N=250) to segregate brain systems and circuits that mediate domain-general from emotion-specific inhibitory control. Particularly during a positive emotional context, behavioral results showed a lower accuracy for No Go trials and a faster response time for Go trials. While the dorsal striatum and lateral frontal regions were involved in inhibitory control irrespective of emotional context, activity in the ventral striatum (VS) and medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) varied as a function of emotional context. On the voxel-wise whole-brain network level, limbic and striatal systems generally exhibited highest changes in global brain connectivity during inhibitory control, while global brain connectivity of the left mOFC was less decreased during emotional contexts. Functional connectivity analyses moreover revealed that negative coupling between the VS with inferior frontal gyrus (IFG)/insula and mOFC varied as a function of emotional context. Together these findings indicate separable domain- general as well as emotional context-specific inhibitory brain systems which specifically encompass the VS and its connections with frontal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhuang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Xu
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuxia Yao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zheng
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinqi Zhou
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jialin Li
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolei Xu
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Meina Fu
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Keshuang Li
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deniz Vatansever
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Keith M Kendrick
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Benjamin Becker
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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Kim SJ, Kim MK, Shin YB, Kim HE, Kwon JH, Kim JJ. Differences in resting-state functional connectivity according to the level of impulsiveness in patients with internet gaming disorder. J Behav Addict 2021; 10:88-98. [PMID: 33625381 PMCID: PMC8969862 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2021.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Impulsiveness is an important factor in the pathophysiology of Internet gaming disorder (IGD), and regional brain functions can be different depending on the level of impulsiveness. This study aimed to demonstrate that different brain mechanisms are involved depending on the level of impulsiveness among patients with IGD. METHODS Resting-state functional MRI data were obtained from 23 IGD patients with high impulsivity, 27 IGD patients with low impulsivity, and 22 healthy controls, and seed-based functional connectivity was compared among the three groups. The seed regions were the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens (NAcc), and amygdala. RESULTS Connectivity of the vmPFC with the left temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) and NAcc-left insula connectivity were significantly decreased in the patients with high impulsivity, compared with the patients with low impulsivity and healthy controls. On the other hand, amygdala-based connectivity with the left inferior frontal gyrus showed decreases in both patient groups, compared with the healthy controls. CONCLUSION These findings may suggest a potential relationship between impulsivity and deficits in reward-related social cognition processes in patients with IGD. In particular, certain interventions targeted at vmPFC-TPJ connectivity, found to be impulsivity-specific brain connectivity, are likely to help with addiction recovery among impulsive patients with IGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jeong Kim
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyeong Kim
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Bin Shin
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hesun Erin Kim
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Kwon
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Jin Kim
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Qian Z, Liu S, Zhu X, Kong L, Liu N, Wang D, Jiang C, Zhan Z, Yuan F. Higher Trait Impulsivity and Altered Frontostriatal Connectivity in Betel-Quid Dependent Individuals. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:578913. [PMID: 33192412 PMCID: PMC7658367 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.578913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Betel quid dependency (BQD) is characterized by functional and structural brain alterations. Trait impulsivity may influence substance dependence by impacting its neurobiological underpinnings in the frontostriatal circuit. However, little is known about the trait impulsivity and its neural correlates in individuals with BQD. Methods: Forty-eight participants with BQD and 22 normal controls (NCs) were recruited and scanned on a 3T MRI scanner. Barratt impulsiveness scale (BIS) was used to measure trait impulsivity: motor, attention, and no plan impulsivity. We used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to assess the relationship between trait impulsivity and gray matter volumes. The relevant clusters identified were served as regions of interest (ROI) seeds. The whole-volume psycho-physiological interactions (PPI) analysis was used to investigate the changes of functional connectivity related to ROI seeds in the cue-reactivity task condition (BQ and control images). Results: Behaviorally, the BQD group showed significantly higher trait impulsivity including motor and no plan impulsivity than the NCs group. VBM analyses showed that motor impulsivity was negatively associated with gray matter volume of right caudate in the whole sample. No difference in gray matter volume between the two groups was observed. PPI analyses showed that there was a significantly decreased functional connectivity between the right caudate and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) when watching BQ related images than control images in individuals with BQD. Furthermore, functional connectivity between the right caudate and right DLPFC was negatively correlated with BQ dependency scores. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated the structural basis of trait impulsivity in the caudate and provided evidence for abnormal interactions within frontostriatal circuitsin individuals with BQD, which may provide insight into the selection of potential novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of BQ dependency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxin Qian
- Department of Emergency, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shaohui Liu
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xueling Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lingyu Kong
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Neng Liu
- Department of Nursing, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dongcui Wang
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Canhua Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhongyuan Zhan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fulai Yuan
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Galinowski A, Miranda R, Lemaitre H, Artiges E, Paillère Martinot M, Filippi I, Penttilä J, Grimmer Y, Noort BM, Stringaris A, Becker A, Isensee C, Struve M, Fadai T, Kappel V, Goodman R, Banaschewski T, Bokde AL, Bromberg U, Brühl R, Büchel C, Cattrell A, Conrod P, Desrivières S, Flor H, Fröhner JH, Frouin V, Gallinat J, Garavan H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Hohmann S, Jurk S, Millenet S, Nees F, Papadopoulos‐Orfanos D, Poustka L, Quinlan EB, Smolka MN, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Martinot J. Heavy drinking in adolescents is associated with change in brainstem microstructure and reward sensitivity. Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12781. [PMID: 31328396 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Heavy drinker adolescents: altered brainstem microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Galinowski
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
| | - Ruben Miranda
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
- Department of Psychiatry and AddictologyPaul Brousse Hospital Villejuif France
| | - Hervé Lemaitre
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
| | - Eric Artiges
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
- Center for Neuroimaging Research (CENIR)Brain & Spine Institute Paris France
- Psychiatry Department 91G16Orsay Hospital Orsay France
| | - Marie‐Laure Paillère Martinot
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryPitié‐Salpêtrière Hospital Paris France
| | - Irina Filippi
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
| | - Jani Penttilä
- Department of Social and Health CarePsychosocial Services Adolescent Outpatient Clinic Lahti Finland
| | - Yvonne Grimmer
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Betteke M. Noort
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité MitteCharité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Argyris Stringaris
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College London London UK
| | - Andreas Becker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Centre Göttingen Göttingen Germany
| | - Corinna Isensee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Centre Göttingen Göttingen Germany
| | - Maren Struve
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Tahmine Fadai
- Department of Systems NeuroscienceUniversity Medical Centre Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Viola Kappel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité MitteCharité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Robert Goodman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College London London UK
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Arun L.W. Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of NeurosciencesTrinity College Dublin Ireland
| | - Uli Bromberg
- Department of Systems NeuroscienceUniversity Medical Centre Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Rüdiger Brühl
- Physikalisch‐Technische Bundesanstalt, Abbestr. 2 ‐ 12 Berlin Germany
| | - Christian Büchel
- Department of Systems NeuroscienceUniversity Medical Centre Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Anna Cattrell
- Medical Research Council—Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College London London UK
| | - Patricia Conrod
- Department of PsychiatryMontreal University, CHU Ste Justine Hospital 3175 Côte-Ste-Catherine Montréal, Québec, H3T 1C5 Canada
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Medical Research Council—Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College London London UK
| | - Herta Flor
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Juliane H. Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Vincent Frouin
- Neurospin, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, CEA‐Saclay Center Paris France
| | - Juergen Gallinat
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Vermont Burlington Vermont
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Vermont Burlington Vermont
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of Nottingham, University Park Nottingham UK
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité MitteCharité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Sarah Jurk
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging CenterTechnische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany
| | - Sabina Millenet
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | | | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg University Mannheim Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychotherapyMedical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Erin Burke Quinlan
- Department of Psychological Medicine and Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College London London UK
| | - Michael N. Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging CenterTechnische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité MitteCharité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Robert Whelan
- Department of PsychologyUniversity College Dublin Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Medical Research Council—Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College London London UK
| | - Jean‐Luc Martinot
- INSERM, UMR 1000, Research Unit “Neuroimaging and Psychiatry”, Paris Saclay University, Paris Descartes University, DIGITEO Labs, Gif sur Yvette France
- Center for Neuroimaging Research (CENIR)Brain & Spine Institute Paris France
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12
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Zoon HFA, de Bruijn SEM, Smeets PAM, de Graaf C, Janssen IMC, Schijns W, Aarts EO, Jager G, Boesveldt S. Altered neural responsivity to food cues in relation to food preferences, but not appetite-related hormone concentrations after RYGB-surgery. Behav Brain Res 2018; 353:194-202. [PMID: 30041007 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery, patients report a shift in food preferences away from high-energy foods. OBJECTIVE We aimed to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying this shift in food preferences by assessing changes in neural responses to food pictures and odors before and after RYGB. Additionally, we investigated whether altered neural responsivity was associated with changes in plasma endocannabinoid and ghrelin concentrations. DESIGN 19 RYGB patients (4 men; age 41 ± 10 years; BMI 41 ± 1 kg/m2 before; BMI 36 ± 1 kg/m2 after) participated in this study. Before and two months after RYGB surgery, they rated their food preferences using the Macronutrient and Taste Preference Ranking Task and BOLD fMRI responses towards pictures and odors of high-, and low-energy foods and non-food items were measured. Blood samples were taken to determine plasma endocannabinoid and ghrelin concentrations pre- and post-surgery. RESULTS Patients demonstrated a shift in food preferences away from high-fat/sweet and towards low-energy/savory food products, which correlated with decreased superior parietal lobule responsivity to high-energy food odor and a reduced difference in precuneus responsivity to high-energy versus low-energy food pictures. In the anteroventral prefrontal cortex (superior frontal gyrus) the difference in deactivation towards high-energy versus non-food odors reduced. The precuneus was less deactivated in response to all cues. Plasma concentrations of anandamide were higher after surgery, while plasma concentrations of other endocannabinoids and ghrelin did not change. Alterations in appetite-related hormone concentrations did not correlate with changes in neural responsivity. CONCLUSIONS RYGB leads to changed responsivity of the frontoparietal control network that orchestrates top-down control to high-energy food compared to low-energy food and non-food cues, rather than in reward related brain regions, in a satiated state. Together with correlations with the shift in food preference from high- to low-energy foods this indicates a possible role in new food preference formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriët F A Zoon
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne E M de Bruijn
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul A M Smeets
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cees de Graaf
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Wendy Schijns
- Vitalys Obesity Centre, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Edo O Aarts
- Vitalys Obesity Centre, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Gerry Jager
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne Boesveldt
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Neuroanatomy of the vmPFC and dlPFC Predicts Individual Differences in Cognitive Regulation During Dietary Self-Control Across Regulation Strategies. J Neurosci 2018; 38:5799-5806. [PMID: 29866743 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3402-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Making healthy food choices is challenging for many people. Individuals differ greatly in their ability to follow health goals in the face of temptation, but it is unclear what underlies such differences. Using voxel-based morphometry, we investigated in healthy humans (i.e., men and women) the links between structural variation in gray matter volume and individuals' level of success in shifting toward healthier food choices. We combined MRI and choice data into a joint dataset by pooling across three independent studies that used a task prompting participants to explicitly focus on the healthiness of food items before making their food choices. Within this dataset, we found that individual differences in gray matter volume in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) predicted regulatory success. We extended and confirmed these initial findings by predicting regulatory success out of sample and across tasks in a second dataset requiring participants to apply a different regulation strategy that entailed distancing from cravings for unhealthy, appetitive foods. Our findings suggest that neuroanatomical markers in the vmPFC and dlPFC generalized to different forms of dietary regulation strategies across participant groups. They provide novel evidence that structural differences in neuroanatomy of two key regions for valuation and its control, the vmPFC and dlPFC, predict an individual's ability to exert control in dietary choices.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Dieting involves regulating food choices to eat healthier foods and fewer unhealthy foods. People differ dramatically in their ability to achieve or maintain this regulation, but it is unclear why. Here, we show that individuals with more gray matter volume in the dorsolateral and ventromedial prefrontal cortex are better at exercising dietary self-control. This relationship was observed across four different studies examining two different forms of dietary self-regulation, suggesting that neuroanatomical differences in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex may represent a general marker for self-control abilities. These results identify candidate neuroanatomical markers for dieting success and failure, and suggest potential targets for therapies aimed at preventing or treating obesity and related eating disorders.
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14
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Goya-Maldonado R, Keil M, Brodmann K, Gruber O. Reactivity of the Reward System in Artists During Acceptance and Rejection of Monetary Rewards. CREATIVITY RESEARCH JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10400419.2018.1414994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katja Brodmann
- University Medical Center Göttingen
- Universidade de Lisboa
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15
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Daurio AM, Aston SA, Schwandt ML, Bukhari MO, Bouhlal S, Farokhnia M, Lee MR, Leggio L. Impulsive Personality Traits Mediate the Relationship Between Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Symptoms and Alcohol Dependence Severity. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:173-183. [PMID: 29063627 PMCID: PMC5750112 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the role of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as a risk factor for developing alcohol use disorder (AUD) has been established, the underlying pathways connecting the two are still not fully understood. Overlapping constructs such as impulsivity may explain the increased risk for developing AUD in individuals with ADHD. METHODS In this study, we assessed whether adult ADHD symptoms increase the odds of having a diagnosis of AUD. Furthermore, we tested whether facets of impulsivity explained the relationship between ADHD symptoms and alcohol dependence (AD) severity. RESULTS In a logistic regression of 749 participants (464 = AD, 285 = controls), overall adult ADHD symptoms, and more specifically, symptoms of hyperactivity/restlessness and problems with self-concept, increased the odds of having a diagnosis of AD. Within the AD sample, we found that impulsivity mediated the relationship between adult ADHD symptoms and AD severity. In particular, negative and positive urgency meditated the relationship of overall adult ADHD symptoms, and symptoms of hyperactivity/restlessness and problems with self-concept with AD severity. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the importance of looking at cohorts of ADHD symptoms and facets of impulsivity to assess the risk of developing AUD. They also suggest potential avenues for intervention strategies in individuals with preexisting adult ADHD symptoms who are seeking treatment for AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M. Daurio
- Section on Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sean A. Aston
- Section on Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Melanie L. Schwandt
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mohammad O. Bukhari
- Section on Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sofia Bouhlal
- Section on Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mehdi Farokhnia
- Section on Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mary R. Lee
- Section on Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lorenzo Leggio
- Section on Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Richter A, Gruber O. Influence of ventral tegmental area input on cortico-subcortical networks underlying action control and decision making. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 39:1004-1014. [PMID: 29165901 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It is argued that the mesolimbic system has a more general function in processing all salient events, including and extending beyond rewards. Saliency was defined as an event that is unexpected due to its frequency of occurrence and elicits an attentional-behavioral switch. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), signals were measured in response to the modulation of salience of rewarding and nonrewarding events during a reward-based decision making task, the so called desire-reason dilemma paradigm (DRD). Replicating previous findings, both frequent and infrequent, and therefore salient, reward stimuli elicited reliable activation of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and ventral striatum (vStr). When immediate reward desiring contradicted the superordinate task-goal, we found an increased activation of the VTA and vStr when the salient reward stimuli were presented compared to the nonsalient reward stimuli, indicating a boosting of activation in these brain regions. Furthermore, we found a significantly increased functional connectivity between the VTA and vStr, confirming the boosting of vStr activation via VTA input. Moreover, saliency per se without a reward association led to an increased activation of brain regions in the mesolimbic reward system as well as the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Finally, findings uncovered multiple increased functional interactions between cortical saliency-processing brain areas and the VTA and vStr underlying detection and processing of salient events and adaptive decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Richter
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69115, Germany.,Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Germany
| | - Oliver Gruber
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69115, Germany.,Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Germany
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Gu R, Jiang Y, Kiser S, Black CL, Broster LS, Luo YJ, Kelly TH. Impulsive personality dimensions are associated with altered behavioral performance and neural responses in the monetary incentive delay task. Neuropsychologia 2017; 103:59-68. [PMID: 28716612 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Individual differences in dimensions of impulsivity personality including disinhibition and sensation seeking modulate approach responses to reinforcing stimuli, such as drugs and money. The current study examined the effects of monetary incentive on both behavioral performance and electrophysiological activity among individuals varying in disinhibition and sensation seeking. The monetary incentive delay (MID) task was completed under electroencephalogram (EEG) recording. Behavioral data showed that higher disinhibition and sensation-seeking were associated with lower performance accuracy. Event-related potential (ERP) data showed that high reinforcement cues elicited a larger late positive component (LPC) than other conditions among high disinhibition participants, indicating its strong emotional influence. Additionally, in the neutral incentive condition, the feedback-related negativity (FRN) elicited by correct outcomes was larger than that elicited by incorrect outcomes in the high disinhibition group only. This novel finding indicates that high disinhibition participants were less likely to expect correct outcomes compared to incorrect outcomes in the neutral incentive condition. Finally, the P3 component elicited by outcome presentation showed an interaction between two impulsivity dimensions; when disinhibition level was low, the P3 was larger among high than low sensation seeking participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolei Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - Seth Kiser
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA; District of Columbia Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Chelsea L Black
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA; Children's National Medical Center, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Lucas S Broster
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yue-Jia Luo
- Institute of Affective and Social Neuroscience, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Thomas H Kelly
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
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18
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Krämer B, Diekhof EK, Gruber O. Effects of city living on the mesolimbic reward system-An fmri study. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:3444-3453. [PMID: 28397390 PMCID: PMC6866977 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on higher prevalence rates of several mental disorders for city dwellers, psychosocial stress effects of urban living have been proposed as an environmental risk factor contributing to the development of mental disorders. Recently, it was shown that amygdala activation differs between city dwellers and rural residents in response to a cognitive-social stressor. Besides its influence on the amygdala, chronic stress also affects mesocorticolimbic brain regions involved in reward processing, and stress-related dysregulation of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system is thought to contribute to onset and manifestation of psychiatric disorders. Here, we investigated differences in reward systems functioning in 147 healthy subjects living either in cities or in less urban areas by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging during performance of the desire-reason-dilemma paradigm, which permits a targeted investigation of bottom-up activation and top-down regulation of the reward circuit. Compared with subjects from less urban areas, city dwellers showed an altered activation and modulation capability of the midbrain (VTA) dopamine system. City dwellers also revealed increased responses in other brain regions involved in reward processing and in the regulation of stress and emotions, such as amygdala, orbitofrontal, and pregenual anterior cingulate cortex. These results provide further evidence for effects of an urban environment on the mesolimbic dopamine system and the limbic system which may increase the risk to develop mental disorders. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3444-3453, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Krämer
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and NeuroimagingDepartment of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and PsychiatryDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical CenterGöttingenGermany
| | - Esther K. Diekhof
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and PsychiatryDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical CenterGöttingenGermany
- University Hamburg, Grindel Biocenter and Zoological Museum, Institute for HumanbiologyHamburgGermany
| | - Oliver Gruber
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and NeuroimagingDepartment of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and PsychiatryDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical CenterGöttingenGermany
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Hu J, Hu S, Maisano JR, Chao HH, Zhang S, Li CSR. Novelty Seeking, Harm Avoidance, and Cerebral Responses to Conflict Anticipation: An Exploratory Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:546. [PMID: 27857686 PMCID: PMC5093128 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Proactive control allows us to maneuver a changing environment and individuals are distinct in how they anticipate and approach such changes. Here, we examined how individual differences in personality traits influence cerebral responses to conflict anticipation, a critical process of proactive control. We explored this issue in an fMRI study of the stop signal task, in which the probability of stop signal – p(Stop) – was computed trial by trial with a Bayesian model. Higher p(Stop) is associated with prolonged go trial reaction time, indicating conflict anticipation and proactive control of motor response. Regional brain activations to conflict anticipation were correlated to novelty seeking (NS), harm avoidance (HA), reward dependence, as assessed by the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, with age and gender as covariates, in a whole-brain linear regression. Results showed that increased anticipation of the stop signal is associated with activations in the bilateral inferior parietal lobules (IPL), right lateral orbitofrontal cortex (lOFC), middle frontal gyrus (MFG), anterior pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA), and bilateral thalamus, with men showing greater activation in the IPL than women. NS correlated negatively to activity in the anterior pre-SMA, right IPL, and MFG/lOFC, and HA correlated negatively to activity in the thalamus during conflict anticipation. In addition, the negative association between NS and MFG/lOFC activity was significant in men but not in women. Thus, NS and HA traits are associated with reduced mobilization of cognitive control circuits when enhanced behavioral control is necessary. The findings from this exploratory study characterize the influence of NS and HA on proactive control and provide preliminary evidence for gender differences in these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Hu
- Laboratory for Behavioral and Regional Finance, Guangdong University of FinanceGuangzhou, China; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sien Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Julianna R Maisano
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Herta H Chao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, USA; Medical Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West HavenCT, USA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, USA; Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, USA
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20
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Schreiter S, Spengler S, Willert A, Mohnke S, Herold D, Erk S, Romanczuk-Seiferth N, Quinlivan E, Hindi-Attar C, Banzhaf C, Wackerhagen C, Romund L, Garbusow M, Stamm T, Heinz A, Walter H, Bermpohl F. Neural alterations of fronto-striatal circuitry during reward anticipation in euthymic bipolar disorder. Psychol Med 2016; 46:3187-3198. [PMID: 27573157 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716001963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD), with the hallmark symptoms of elevated and depressed mood, is thought to be characterized by underlying alterations in reward-processing networks. However, to date the neural circuitry underlying abnormal responses during reward processing in BD remains largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to investigate whether euthymic BD is characterized by aberrant ventral striatal (VS) activation patterns and altered connectivity with the prefrontal cortex in response to monetary gains and losses. METHOD During functional magnetic resonance imaging 20 euthymic BD patients and 20 age-, gender- and intelligence quotient-matched healthy controls completed a monetary incentive delay paradigm, to examine neural processing of reward and loss anticipation. A priori defined regions of interest (ROIs) included the VS and the anterior prefrontal cortex (aPFC). Psychophysiological interactions (PPIs) between these ROIs were estimated and tested for group differences for reward and loss anticipation separately. RESULTS BD participants, relative to healthy controls, displayed decreased activation selectively in the left and right VS during anticipation of reward, but not during loss anticipation. PPI analyses showed decreased functional connectivity between the left VS and aPFC in BD patients compared with healthy controls during reward anticipation. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study showing decreased VS activity and aberrant connectivity in the reward-processing circuitry in euthymic, medicated BD patients during reward anticipation. Our findings contrast with research supporting a reward hypersensitivity model of BD, and add to the body of literature suggesting that blunted activation of reward processing circuits may be a vulnerability factor for mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schreiter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin,Campus Mitte,Germany
| | - S Spengler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin,Campus Mitte,Germany
| | - A Willert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin,Campus Mitte,Germany
| | - S Mohnke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin,Campus Mitte,Germany
| | - D Herold
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin,Campus Mitte,Germany
| | - S Erk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin,Campus Mitte,Germany
| | - N Romanczuk-Seiferth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin,Campus Mitte,Germany
| | - E Quinlivan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin,Campus Mitte,Germany
| | - C Hindi-Attar
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin,Campus Mitte,Germany
| | - C Banzhaf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin,Campus Mitte,Germany
| | - C Wackerhagen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin,Campus Mitte,Germany
| | - L Romund
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin,Campus Mitte,Germany
| | - M Garbusow
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin,Campus Mitte,Germany
| | - T Stamm
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin,Campus Mitte,Germany
| | - A Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin,Campus Mitte,Germany
| | - H Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin,Campus Mitte,Germany
| | - F Bermpohl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin,Campus Mitte,Germany
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Paschke LM, Dörfel D, Steimke R, Trempler I, Magrabi A, Ludwig VU, Schubert T, Stelzel C, Walter H. Individual differences in self-reported self-control predict successful emotion regulation. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2016; 11:1193-204. [PMID: 27013102 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsw036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Both self-control and emotion regulation enable individuals to adapt to external circumstances and social contexts, and both are assumed to rely on the overlapping neural resources. Here, we tested whether high self-reported self-control is related to successful emotion regulation on the behavioral and neural level. One hundred eight participants completed three self-control questionnaires and regulated their negative emotions during functional magnetic resonance imaging using reappraisal (distancing). Trait self-control correlated positively with successful emotion regulation both subjectively and neurally, as indicated by online ratings of negative emotions and functional connectivity strength between the amygdala and prefrontal areas, respectively. This stronger overall connectivity of the left amygdala was related to more successful subjective emotion regulation. Comparing amygdala activity over time showed that high self-controllers successfully maintained down-regulation of the left amygdala over time, while low self-controllers failed to down-regulate towards the end of the experiment. This indicates that high self-controllers are better at maintaining a motivated state supporting emotion regulation over time. Our results support assumptions concerning a close relation of self-control and emotion regulation as two domains of behavioral control. They further indicate that individual differences in functional connectivity between task-related brain areas directly relate to differences in trait self-control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena M Paschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Division of Mind and Brain Research, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Luisenstraße 56, Berlin 10117, Germany Department of Psychology, Humboldt Universitaet zu Berlin, Rudower Chaussee 18, Berlin 12489, Germany
| | - Denise Dörfel
- Department of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 17, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Rosa Steimke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Division of Mind and Brain Research, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Luisenstraße 56, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Ima Trempler
- Department of Psychology, Westfaelische Wilhelms-Universitaet Muenster, Fliednerstraße 21, Muenster 48149, Germany
| | - Amadeus Magrabi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Division of Mind and Brain Research, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Luisenstraße 56, Berlin 10117, Germany Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universiteat Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Vera U Ludwig
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Division of Mind and Brain Research, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Luisenstraße 56, Berlin 10117, Germany Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10119, Germany
| | - Torsten Schubert
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Luisenstraße 56, Berlin 10117, Germany Department of Psychology, Humboldt Universitaet zu Berlin, Rudower Chaussee 18, Berlin 12489, Germany
| | - Christine Stelzel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Division of Mind and Brain Research, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Luisenstraße 56, Berlin 10117, Germany Department of Psychology, Humboldt Universitaet zu Berlin, Rudower Chaussee 18, Berlin 12489, Germany International Psychoanalytic University, Stromstraße 1, Berlin 10555, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Division of Mind and Brain Research, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Luisenstraße 56, Berlin 10117, Germany Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10119, Germany
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Dinu-Biringer R, Nees F, Falquez R, Berger M, Barnow S. Different roads to the same destination - The impact of impulsivity on decision-making processes under risk within a rewarding context in a healthy male sample. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2016; 248:12-22. [PMID: 26786151 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2016.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The results of research about the influences of impulsivity on decision-making in situations of risk have been inconsistent. In this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the neural correlates of decision-making under risk in 12 impulsive, as defined by the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11, and 13 normal men. Although both groups showed similar decision-making behavior, neural activation regarding decision-making processes differed significantly. Impulsive persons revealed stronger activation in the (ventro-) medial prefrontal cortex and less deactivation of the orbitofrontal cortex while playing for potential gains. These brain regions might be associated with the emotional components of decision-making processes. Significant differences in brain areas linked to cognitive decision-making components were not found. This activation pattern might be seen as an indication for a hypersensitivity to rewarding cues in impulsive persons and might be linked to the propensity for inappropriate risk-taking behavior in persons with more extreme impulsivity levels, especially in situations in which they have a strong emotional involvement in the decision process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Dinu-Biringer
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Heidelberg University, Hauptstraße 47-51, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, J5, D-69159 Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, J5, D-69159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rosalux Falquez
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Heidelberg University, Hauptstraße 47-51, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Moritz Berger
- Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sven Barnow
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Heidelberg University, Hauptstraße 47-51, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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Subtypes of trait impulsivity differentially correlate with neural responses to food choices. Behav Brain Res 2016; 296:442-450. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Richter A, Petrovic A, Diekhof EK, Trost S, Wolter S, Gruber O. Hyperresponsivity and impaired prefrontal control of the mesolimbic reward system in schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 2015; 71:8-15. [PMID: 26522867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is characterized by substantial dysfunctions of reward processing, leading to detrimental consequences for decision-making. The neurotransmitter dopamine is responsible for the transmission of reward signals and also known to be involved in the mechanism of psychosis. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), sixteen medicated patients with schizophrenia and sixteen healthy controls performed the 'desire-reason dilemma' (DRD) paradigm. This paradigm allowed us to directly investigate reward-related brain activations depending on the interaction of bottom-up and top-down mechanisms, when a previously conditioned reward stimulus had to be rejected to achieve a superordinate long-term goal. Both patients and controls showed significant activations in the mesolimbic reward system. In patients with schizophrenia, however, we found a significant hyperactivation of the left ventral striatum (vStr) when they were allowed to accept the conditioned reward stimuli, and a reduced top-down regulation of activation in the ventral striatum (vStr) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) while having to reject the immediate reward to pursue the superordinate task-goal. Moreover, while healthy subjects exhibited a negative functional coupling of the vStr with both the anteroventral prefrontal cortex (avPFC) and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) in the dilemma situation, this functional coupling was significantly impaired in the patient group. These findings provide evidence for an increased ventral striatal activation to reward stimuli and an impaired top-down control of reward signals by prefrontal brain regions in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Richter
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Germany.
| | - Aleksandra Petrovic
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Germany
| | - Esther K Diekhof
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Germany; Biocenter Grindel and Zoological Museum, University of Hamburg, 20146, Germany
| | - Sarah Trost
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Germany
| | - Sarah Wolter
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Germany
| | - Oliver Gruber
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Germany
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25
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Kamarajan C, Pandey AK, Chorlian DB, Manz N, Stimus AT, Bauer LO, Hesselbrock VM, Schuckit MA, Kuperman S, Kramer J, Porjesz B. Reward processing deficits and impulsivity in high-risk offspring of alcoholics: A study of event-related potentials during a monetary gambling task. Int J Psychophysiol 2015; 98:182-200. [PMID: 26388585 PMCID: PMC4898464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals at high risk to develop alcoholism often manifest neurocognitive deficits as well as increased impulsivity. The goal of the present study is to elucidate reward processing deficits, externalizing disorders, and impulsivity as elicited by electrophysiological, clinical and behavioral measures in subjects at high risk for alcoholism from families densely affected by alcoholism in the context of brain maturation across age groups and gender. METHODS Event-related potentials (ERPs) and current source density (CSD) during a monetary gambling task (MGT) were measured in 12-25 year old offspring (N=1864) of families in the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) Prospective study; the high risk (HR, N=1569) subjects were from families densely affected with alcoholism and the low risk (LR, N=295) subjects were from community families. Externalizing disorders and impulsivity scores were also compared between LR and HR groups. RESULTS HR offspring from older (16-25 years) male and younger (12-15 years) female subgroups showed lower P3 amplitude than LR subjects. The amplitude decrement was most prominent in HR males during the loss condition. Overall, P3 amplitude increase at anterior sites and decrease at posterior areas were seen in older compared to younger subjects, suggesting frontalization during brain maturation. The HR subgroups also exhibited hypofrontality manifested as weaker CSD activity during both loss and gain conditions at frontal regions. Further, the HR subjects had higher impulsivity scores and increased prevalence of externalizing disorders. P3 amplitudes during the gain condition were negatively correlated with impulsivity scores. CONCLUSIONS Older male and younger female HR offspring, compared to their LR counterparts, manifested reward processing deficits as indexed by lower P3 amplitude and weaker CSD activity, along with higher prevalence of externalizing disorders and higher impulsivity scores. SIGNIFICANCE Reward related P3 is a valuable measure reflecting neurocognitive dysfunction in subjects at risk for alcoholism, as well as to characterize reward processing and brain maturation across gender and age group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Niklas Manz
- SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | | | - Lance O Bauer
- University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
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Diekhof EK. Be quick about it. Endogenous estradiol level, menstrual cycle phase and trait impulsiveness predict impulsive choice in the context of reward acquisition. Horm Behav 2015; 74:186-93. [PMID: 26092059 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This article is part of a Special Issue "Estradiol and Cognition". Variations in the steroid hormone 17ß-estradiol (E2) may promote intra-individual differences in reward seeking behavior and temporal decision-making (Reimers et al., 2014; Front. Neurosci. 8: 401). Yet, in humans the exact role of E2 in impulsive choice still needs to be determined. The present study assessed the effect of a cycle-dependent rise in endogenous E2 on temporal response adaptation across the follicular phase (FP). For this purpose a reward acquisition paradigm was employed that is sensitive to hormone-induced changes in central dopamine (DA) level. The present data show that women acted more impulsively in the early as opposed to the late FP. Early follicular E2 further correlated with an increased capacity to speed up for reward maximization, while simultaneously the ability to wait for higher reward was compromised. This correlation was most pronounced in women with low trait impulsiveness. In contrast, E2 and optimized response speed failed to correlate in women with high trait impulsiveness and in the late FP, despite a generally higher E2 level. Collectively, these findings support the theory that E2 may act as an endogenous DA agonist. The fact that the hormone-behavior relationship was restricted to women with low trait impulsiveness and thus supposedly lower central DA level provides indirect support for this idea. Yet, choices became relatively less impulsive in the state of heightened E2 (i.e., in the late FP), suggesting that the relationship between E2 and impulsive choice may not be linear, but might resemble an inverted U-function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther K Diekhof
- Biocenter Grindel and Zoological Museum, Department of Human Biology, Neuroendocinology Unit, Hamburg University, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
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Wolf C, Mohr H, Diekhof EK, Vieker H, Goya-Maldonado R, Trost S, Krämer B, Keil M, Binder EB, Gruber O. CREB1 Genotype Modulates Adaptive Reward-Based Decisions in Humans. Cereb Cortex 2015; 26:2970-81. [PMID: 26045569 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhv104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) contributes to adaptation of mesocorticolimbic networks by modulating activity-regulated transcription and plasticity in neurons. Activity or expression changes of CREB in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and orbital frontal cortex (OFC) interact with behavioral changes during reward-motivated learning. However, these findings from animal models have not been evaluated in humans. We tested whether CREB1 genotypes affect reward-motivated decisions and related brain activation, using BOLD fMRI in 224 young and healthy participants. More specifically, participants needed to adapt their decision to either pursue or resist immediate rewards to optimize the reward outcome. We found significant CREB1 genotype effects on choices to pursue increases of the reward outcome and on BOLD signal in the NAc, OFC, insula cortex, cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, amygdala, and precuneus during these decisions in comparison with those decisions avoiding total reward loss. Our results suggest that CREB1 genotype effects in these regions could contribute to individual differences in reward- and associative memory-based decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Wolf
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute of Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224-6825, USA
| | - Holger Mohr
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany Department of General Psychology, Technical University Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Esther K Diekhof
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany Grindel Biocenter and Zoological Museum, Institute for Humanbiology, University Hamburg, Hamburg 20146, Germany
| | - Henning Vieker
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Roberto Goya-Maldonado
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - Sarah Trost
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - Bernd Krämer
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - Maria Keil
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | | | - Oliver Gruber
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany
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van der Laan LN, Smeets PAM. You are what you eat: a neuroscience perspective on consumers’ personality characteristics as determinants of eating behavior. Curr Opin Food Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Goya-Maldonado R, Weber K, Trost S, Diekhof E, Keil M, Dechent P, Gruber O. Dissociating pathomechanisms of depression with fMRI: bottom-up or top-down dysfunctions of the reward system. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2015; 265:57-66. [PMID: 25327829 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-014-0552-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a debilitating psychiatric disorder characterized among other aspects by the inability to properly experience or respond to reward. However, it remains unclear whether patients with depression present impaired reward system due to abnormal modulatory mechanisms. We investigated the activation of the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), a crucial region involved in reward processing, with functional magnetic resonance imaging using the desire-reason-dilemma paradigm. This task allows tracking the activity of the NAcc during the acceptance or the rejection of previously conditioned reward stimuli. Patients were assigned into subgroups of lower (LA) or higher (HA) NAcc activation according to beta weights. LA patients presented significant hypoactivation in the ventral tegmental area in addition to bilateral ventral striatum, confirming impairments in the bottom-up input to the NAcc. Conversely, HA patients presented significant hyperactivation in prefrontal areas such as the rostral anterior cingulate cortex and the anterior ventral prefrontal cortex in addition to bilateral ventral striatum, suggesting disturbances in the top-down regulation of the NAcc. Demographic and clinical differences explaining the abnormal co-activations of midbrain and prefrontal regions were not identified. Therefore, we provide evidence for dysfunctional bottom-up processing in one potential neurobiological subtype of depression (LA) and dysfunctional top-down modulation in another subtype (HA). We suggest that the midbrain and prefrontal regions are more specific pathophysiological substrates for each depression subtype. Above all, our results encourage the segregation of patients by similar dysfunctional mechanisms of the dopaminergic system, which would finally contribute to disentangle more specific pathogeneses and guide the development of more personalized targets for future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Goya-Maldonado
- Center for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany,
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated whether structural brain lesions modulate the relationship between pathological aggression and the dopaminergic system in traumatic brain injury (TBI). While converging evidence suggests that different areas of the prefrontal cortex modulate dopaminergic activity, to date no evidence exists of a modulation of endogenous dopaminergic tone by lesion localization in penetrating TBI (pTBI). METHODS This study included 141 male Caucasian veterans who suffered penetrating pTBI during their service in Vietnam and 29 healthy male Caucasian Vietnam veterans. Participants were genotyped for 3 functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1) rs686, dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) rs4648317, and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met. Patients underwent brain CT scans and were divided into medial prefrontal cortex, lateral prefrontal cortex, and posterior cortex lesion groups. Long-term aggression levels were evaluated with the agitation/aggression subscale of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. RESULTS Our data showed that carriers of more transcriptionally active DRD1 alleles compared to noncarriers demonstrated greater aggression levels due to medial prefrontal cortex lesions but reduced aggression levels due to lateral prefrontal cortex lesions independently of DRD2 rs4648317 or COMT Val158Met genotypes. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the relationship between pTBI-related aggression and the dopaminergic system is modulated by lesion location. Potentially lesion location could represent an easy-to-use, widely available, para-clinical marker to help in the development of an individualized therapeutic approach to pTBI-related pathological aggression.
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Abstract
Impulsivity is associated with various psychopathologies, and elevated impulsivity is typically disadvantageous. This manuscript reviews recent investigations into the neurobiology of impulsivity using human imaging techniques and animal models. Both human imaging and preclinical pharmacological manipulations have yielded important insights into the neurobiological underpinnings of impulsivity. A more thorough understanding of the complex neurobiology underlying aspects of impulsivity may provide insight into new treatment options that target elevated impulsivity and psychopathologies such as addictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marci R Mitchell
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT ; Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT ; Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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Mitchell MR, Weiss VG, Ouimet DJ, Fuchs RA, Morgan D, Setlow B. Intake-dependent effects of cocaine self-administration on impulsive choice in a delay discounting task. Behav Neurosci 2014; 128:419-29. [PMID: 24841739 PMCID: PMC4107092 DOI: 10.1037/a0036742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cocaine use is associated with high levels of impulsive choice (greater discounting of delayed rewards) in humans, but the cause/effect relationships between cocaine use and impulsive choice are not fully understood. In previous work, we found that both experimenter- and self-administration of fixed quantities of cocaine caused lasting increases in impulsive choice in rats. The present study extended these findings by taking into account baseline impulsive choice prior to self-administration and by allowing rats free access to cocaine. Male Long-Evans rats were trained in a delay discounting task in which they made discrete-trial choices between small immediate and large delayed food rewards. Half of the rats were then implanted with intravenous catheters and, following recovery, allowed to self-administer cocaine HCl (1.0 mg/kg/infusion) in 6-hr sessions over 14 days. Control rats orally self-administered a sucrose solution under similar conditions. Upon completion of self-administration, rats remained abstinent for 3 weeks before retesting in the delay discounting task. Cocaine and control groups did not differ prior to self-administration, but afterward, the cocaine group showed greater impulsive choice (fewer choices of large, delayed rewards) than controls. Additional analyses revealed that the effects of cocaine on impulsive choice were intake-dependent; rats classified as "low intake" did not differ from controls, whereas rats classified as "high intake" were significantly more impulsive than both controls and their precocaine baseline. These findings are consistent with the idea that cocaine-induced, pharmacologically based neural adaptations promote the development of impulsive decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marci R. Mitchell
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Dominique J. Ouimet
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Rita A. Fuchs
- Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman, WA
| | - Drake Morgan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Barry Setlow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
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Mason L, O'Sullivan N, Montaldi D, Bentall RP, El-Deredy W. Decision-making and trait impulsivity in bipolar disorder are associated with reduced prefrontal regulation of striatal reward valuation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 137:2346-55. [PMID: 25009169 PMCID: PMC4107743 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awu152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder is characterized by impaired decision-making captured in impulsivity and risk-taking. We sought to determine whether this is driven by a failure to effectively weight the lower-order goal of obtaining a strongly desired reward in relation to higher-order goals, and how this relates to trait impulsivity and risk-taking. We hypothesized that in bipolar disorder the weighting of valuation signals converging on ventromedial prefrontal cortex are more heavily weighted towards ventral striatum inputs (lower-order), with less weighting of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex inputs (higher-order). Twenty euthymic patients with bipolar disorder not in receipt of antipsychotic medication and 20 case-matched controls performed a roulette task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Activity in response to high-probability ('safe') and low-probability ('risky') prospects was measured during both anticipation, and outcome. In control subjects, anticipatory and outcome-locked activity in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was greater for safe than risky reward prospects. The bipolar disorder group showed the opposite pattern with preferential response to risky rewards. This group also showed increased anticipatory and outcome-locked activity in ventral striatum in response to rewards. In control subjects, however, ventromedial prefrontal activation was positively associated with both ventral striatum and dorsolateral prefrontal activity; patients evidenced a strong positive association with ventral striatum, but a negative association with dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Response to high-probability rewards in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was inversely associated with trait impulsivity and risk-taking in the bipolar disorder group. Our findings suggest that clinically impulsive and risky decision-making are related to subjective valuation that is biased towards lower-order preference, with diminished integration of higher-order goals. The findings extend a functional neuroanatomical account of disorders characterized by clinically impulsive decision-making, and provide targets for evaluating interventions that foster self-control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Mason
- 1 School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Noreen O'Sullivan
- 2 Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Daniela Montaldi
- 1 School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Richard P Bentall
- 2 Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Wael El-Deredy
- 1 School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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Herrmann M, Baur V, Brandstätter V, Hänggi J, Jäncke L. Being in two minds: the neural basis of experiencing action crises in personal long-term goals. Soc Neurosci 2014; 9:548-61. [PMID: 24985970 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2014.933715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Although the successful pursuit of long-term goals constitutes an essential prerequisite to personal development, health, and well-being, little research has been devoted to the understanding of its underlying neural processes. A critical phase in the pursuit of long-term goals is defined as an action crisis, conceptualized as the intra-psychic conflict between further goal pursuit and disengagement from the goal. In the present research, we applied an interdisciplinary (cognitive and neural) approach to the analysis of processes underlying the experience of an action crisis. In Study 1, a longitudinal field study, action crises in personal goals gave rise to an increased and unbiased (re)evaluation of the costs and benefits (i.e., rewards) of the goal. Study 2 was a magnetic resonance imaging study examining resting-state functional connectivity. The extent of experienced action crises was associated with enhanced fronto-accumbal connectivity signifying increased reward-related impact on prefrontal action control. Action crises, furthermore, mediated the relationship between a dispositional measure of effective goal pursuit (action orientation) and fronto-accumbal connectivity. The converging and complementary results from two methodologically different approaches advance the understanding of the neurobiology of personal long-term goals, especially with respect to the role of rewards in the context of goal-related conflicts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Herrmann
- a Department of Psychology, Psychology of Motivation, Volition and Emotion , University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
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Trost S, Diekhof EK, Zvonik K, Lewandowski M, Usher J, Keil M, Zilles D, Falkai P, Dechent P, Gruber O. Disturbed anterior prefrontal control of the mesolimbic reward system and increased impulsivity in bipolar disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology 2014; 39:1914-23. [PMID: 24535101 PMCID: PMC4059900 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2014.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by recurrent mood episodes ranging from severe depression to acute full-blown mania. Both states of this severe psychiatric disorder have been associated with alterations of reward processing in the brain. Here, we present results of a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study on the neural correlates and functional interactions underlying reward gain processing and reward dismissal in favor of a long-term goal in bipolar patients. Sixteen medicated patients diagnosed with bipolar I disorder, euthymic to mildly depressed, and sixteen matched healthy controls performed the 'desire-reason dilemma' (DRD) paradigm demanding rejection of priorly conditioned reward stimuli to successfully pursue a superordinate goal. Both groups exhibited significant activations in reward-related brain regions, particularly in the mesolimbic reward system. However, bipolar patients showed reduced neural responses of the ventral striatum (vStr) when exploiting a reward stimulus, and exhibited a decreased suppression of the reward-related activation of the mesolimbic reward system while having to reject immediate reward in favor of the long-term goal. Further, functional interaction between the anteroventral prefrontal cortex and the vStr in the 'DRD' was significantly impaired in the bipolar group. These findings provide evidence for a reduced responsivity of the vStr to reward stimuli in BD, possibly related to clinical features like anhedonia. The disturbed top-down control of mesolimbic reward signals by prefrontal brain regions in BD can be interpreted in terms of a disease-related enhanced impulsivity, a trait marker of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Trost
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Clinical Psychiatry, Georg August University, Goettingen, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Clinical Psychiatry, Georg August University, Goettingen 37075, Germany, Tel: +49 551 39 10115/6615 (-8952), Fax: +49 551 398952, E-mail:
| | - Esther Kristina Diekhof
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Clinical Psychiatry, Georg August University, Goettingen, Germany,Biocenter Grindeland Zoological Museum, Institute for Human Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Zvonik
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Clinical Psychiatry, Georg August University, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Mirjana Lewandowski
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Clinical Psychiatry, Georg August University, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Juliana Usher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Clinical Psychiatry, Georg August University, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Maria Keil
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Clinical Psychiatry, Georg August University, Goettingen, Germany
| | - David Zilles
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Clinical Psychiatry, Georg August University, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg August University, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Gruber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre for Translational Research in Systems Neuroscience and Clinical Psychiatry, Georg August University, Goettingen, Germany
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Individual differences in brain structure and resting-state functional connectivity associated with Type A behavior pattern. Neuroscience 2014; 272:217-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Personality influences temporal discounting preferences: behavioral and brain evidence. Neuroimage 2014; 98:42-9. [PMID: 24799134 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Personality traits are stable predictors of many life outcomes that are associated with important decisions that involve tradeoffs over time. Therefore, a fundamental question is how tradeoffs over time vary from person to person in relation to stable personality traits. We investigated the influence of personality, as measured by the Five-Factor Model, on time preferences and on neural activity engaged by intertemporal choice. During functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), participants made choices between smaller-sooner and larger-later monetary rewards. For each participant, we estimated a constant-sensitivity discount function that dissociates impatience (devaluation of future consequences) from time sensitivity (consistency with rational, exponential discounting). Overall, higher neuroticism was associated with a relatively greater preference for immediate rewards and higher conscientiousness with a relatively greater preference for delayed rewards. Specifically, higher conscientiousness correlated positively with lower short-term impatience and more exponential time preferences, whereas higher neuroticism (lower emotional stability) correlated positively with higher short-term impatience and less exponential time preferences. Cognitive-control and reward brain regions were more activated when higher conscientiousness participants selected a smaller-sooner reward and, conversely, when higher neuroticism participants selected a larger-later reward. The greater activations that occurred when choosing rewards that contradicted personality predispositions may reflect the greater recruitment of mental resources needed to override those predispositions. These findings reveal that stable personality traits fundamentally influence how rewards are chosen over time.
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Kerr KL, Avery JA, Barcalow JC, Moseman SE, Bodurka J, Bellgowan PSF, Simmons WK. Trait impulsivity is related to ventral ACC and amygdala activity during primary reward anticipation. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2014; 10:36-42. [PMID: 24526181 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsu023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Trait impulsivity is characterized by behavioral disinhibition and rash decision-making that contribute to many maladaptive behaviors. Previous research demonstrates that trait impulsivity is related to the activity of brain regions underlying reward sensitivity and emotion regulation, but little is known about this relationship in the context of immediately available primary reward. This is unfortunate, as impulsivity in these contexts can lead to unhealthy behaviors, including poor food choices, dangerous drug use and risky sexual practices. In addition, little is known about the relationship between integration of reward and affective neurocircuitry, as measured by resting-state functional connectivity, and trait impulsivity in everyday life, as measured with a commonly used personality inventory. We therefore asked healthy adults to undergo a functional magnetic resonance imaging task in which they saw cues indicating the imminent oral administration of rewarding taste, as well as a resting-state scan. Trait impulsivity was associated with increased activation during anticipation of primary reward in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and amygdala. Additionally, resting-state functional connectivity between the ACC and the right amygdala was negatively correlated with trait impulsivity. These findings demonstrate that trait impulsivity is related not only to ACC-amygdala activation but also to how tightly coupled these regions are to one another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara L Kerr
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136-3326, USA, Department of Psychology, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Laureate Psychiatric Clinics and Hospital, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA, College of Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA, and Faculty of Community Medicine, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136-3326, USA, Department of Psychology, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Laureate Psychiatric Clinics and Hospital, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA, College of Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA, and Faculty of Community Medicine, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA
| | - Jason A Avery
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136-3326, USA, Department of Psychology, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Laureate Psychiatric Clinics and Hospital, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA, College of Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA, and Faculty of Community Medicine, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136-3326, USA, Department of Psychology, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Laureate Psychiatric Clinics and Hospital, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA, College of Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA, and Faculty of Community Medicine, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA
| | - Joel C Barcalow
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136-3326, USA, Department of Psychology, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Laureate Psychiatric Clinics and Hospital, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA, College of Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA, and Faculty of Community Medicine, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA
| | - Scott E Moseman
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136-3326, USA, Department of Psychology, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Laureate Psychiatric Clinics and Hospital, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA, College of Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA, and Faculty of Community Medicine, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136-3326, USA, Department of Psychology, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Laureate Psychiatric Clinics and Hospital, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA, College of Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA, and Faculty of Community Medicine, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA
| | - Jerzy Bodurka
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136-3326, USA, Department of Psychology, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Laureate Psychiatric Clinics and Hospital, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA, College of Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA, and Faculty of Community Medicine, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136-3326, USA, Department of Psychology, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Laureate Psychiatric Clinics and Hospital, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA, College of Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA, and Faculty of Community Medicine, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA
| | - Patrick S F Bellgowan
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136-3326, USA, Department of Psychology, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Laureate Psychiatric Clinics and Hospital, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA, College of Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA, and Faculty of Community Medicine, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136-3326, USA, Department of Psychology, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Laureate Psychiatric Clinics and Hospital, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA, College of Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA, and Faculty of Community Medicine, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA
| | - W Kyle Simmons
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136-3326, USA, Department of Psychology, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Laureate Psychiatric Clinics and Hospital, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA, College of Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA, and Faculty of Community Medicine, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74136-3326, USA, Department of Psychology, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA, Laureate Psychiatric Clinics and Hospital, Tulsa, OK 74136, USA, College of Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA, and Faculty of Community Medicine, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA
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Koehler S, Ovadia-Caro S, van der Meer E, Villringer A, Heinz A, Romanczuk-Seiferth N, Margulies DS. Increased functional connectivity between prefrontal cortex and reward system in pathological gambling. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84565. [PMID: 24367675 PMCID: PMC3868704 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological gambling (PG) shares clinical characteristics with substance-use disorders and is thus discussed as a behavioral addiction. Recent neuroimaging studies on PG report functional changes in prefrontal structures and the mesolimbic reward system. While an imbalance between these structures has been related to addictive behavior, whether their dysfunction in PG is reflected in the interaction between them remains unclear. We addressed this question using functional connectivity resting-state fMRI in male subjects with PG and controls. Seed-based functional connectivity was computed using two regions-of-interest, based on the results of a previous voxel-based morphometry study, located in the prefrontal cortex and the mesolimbic reward system (right middle frontal gyrus and right ventral striatum). PG patients demonstrated increased connectivity from the right middle frontal gyrus to the right striatum as compared to controls, which was also positively correlated with nonplanning aspect of impulsiveness, smoking and craving scores in the PG group. Moreover, PG patients demonstrated decreased connectivity from the right middle frontal gyrus to other prefrontal areas as compared to controls. The right ventral striatum demonstrated increased connectivity to the right superior and middle frontal gyrus and left cerebellum in PG patients as compared to controls. The increased connectivity to the cerebellum was positively correlated with smoking in the PG group. Our results provide further evidence for alterations in functional connectivity in PG with increased connectivity between prefrontal regions and the reward system, similar to connectivity changes reported in substance use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Koehler
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain and the Mind-Brain Institute, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- * E-mail: -berlin.de
| | - Smadar Ovadia-Caro
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain and the Mind-Brain Institute, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Elke van der Meer
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain and the Mind-Brain Institute, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain and the Mind-Brain Institute, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain and the Mind-Brain Institute, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nina Romanczuk-Seiferth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel S. Margulies
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain and the Mind-Brain Institute, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
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Greater impulsivity is associated with decreased brain activation in obese women during a delay discounting task. Brain Imaging Behav 2013; 7:116-28. [PMID: 22948956 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-012-9201-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Impulsivity and poor inhibitory control are associated with higher rates of delay discounting (DD), or a greater preference for smaller, more immediate rewards at the expense of larger, but delayed rewards. Of the many functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of DD, few have investigated the correlation between individual differences in DD rate and brain activation related to DD trial difficulty, with difficult DD trials expected to activate putative executive function brain areas involved in impulse control. In the current study, we correlated patterns of brain activation as measured by fMRI during difficult vs. easy trials of a DD task with DD rate (k) in obese women. Difficulty was defined by how much a reward choice deviated from an individual's 'indifference point', or the point where the subjective preference for an immediate and a delayed reward was approximately equivalent. We found that greater delay discounting was correlated with less modulation of activation in putative executive function brain areas, such as the middle and superior frontal gyri and inferior parietal lobule, in response to difficult compared to easy DD trials. These results support the suggestion that increased impulsivity is associated with deficient functioning of executive function areas of the brain.
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Ellingson JM, Verges A, Littlefield AK, Martin NG, Slutske WS. Are bottom-up and top-down traits in dual-systems models of risky behavior genetically distinct? Behav Genet 2013; 43:480-90. [PMID: 24065563 PMCID: PMC3929393 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-013-9615-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Numerous dual-systems models of personality have been posited, which propose that behavior is influenced by two complementary systems. A bottom-up system is characterized by emotion-based drive (e.g., urge for rewarding experience), and a top-down system is characterized by the ability to control those urges. Although evidence suggests that these two systems are distinct and may be important in explaining some behaviors, these constructs are also moderately correlated. Notably, there has been little molecular or behavior genetic research on the genetic distinctness of the two systems central to the dual-systems model. The current study used a national twin sample to investigate the degree to which bottom-up and top-down systems, measured here as personality traits of sensation seeking and lack of planning, respectively, covary through genetic and environmental influences. Whereas the overlap between these systems was primarily comprised of unshared environmental influences (e.g., measurement error and unshared systematic variation) in females, a statistically significant proportion of the overlap was accounted for by genetic factors in men. Further, the genetic factors for these systems were moderately to highly correlated in men (rG = 0.62-0.79). These results provide clear support for a dual-systems model in women; however, these systems appear to share some common genetic influences in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarrod M Ellingson
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, 210 McAlester Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA,
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In the last decade, a number of studies have been published to shed light on the interaction between neuroscience and the law, notably on the introduction of neuroscience data in forensic psychiatric evaluation (FPE). Even if there is a growing consensus on the relevance of neuroscience in clinical practice, the role of neuroscience in FPE is still controversial. RECENT FINDINGS The use of neuroscience data in FPE can support the detection of psychopathological disabilities (e.g. deficit of self-control, aggressiveness) that may be involved in criminal action. Traumatic brain injury-related clinical disorders that may lead to misconduct have a relevant role in the debate. Traditionally, literature refers also to rare and weird cases in which brain tumours, infections and morphological abnormalities were supposed to be significantly associated with disorders leading to criminal action. SUMMARY After reviewing recent literature from both legal and neuroscientific perspectives, we consider a broader range of clinical conditions (e.g. disorders of consciousness in sleepwalking, dopamine replacement therapy in Parkinson's disease, misattributions of self in delusional experience) that may have implications in legal settings. Obviously, it would be possible to consider also different clinical conditions. We conclude by suggesting further experimental and theoretical analysis.
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Shih SI. A null relationship between media multitasking and well-being. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64508. [PMID: 23691236 PMCID: PMC3655149 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a rapidly increasing trend in media-media multitasking or MMM (using two or more media concurrently). In a recent conference, scholars from diverse disciplines expressed concerns that indulgence in MMM may compromise well-being and/or cognitive abilities. However, research on MMM's impacts is too sparse to inform the general public and policy makers whether MMM should be encouraged, managed, or minimized. The primary purpose of the present study was to develop an innovative computerized instrument – the Survey of the Previous Day (SPD) – to quantify MMM as well as media-nonmedia and nonmedia-nonmedia multitasking and sole-tasking. The secondary purpose was to examine whether these indices could predict a sample of well-being related, psychosocial measures. In the SPD, participants first recalled (typed) what they did during each hour of the previous day. In later parts of the SPD, participants analysed activities and their timing and duration for each hour of the previous day, while relevant recall was on display. Participants also completed the Media Use Questionnaire. The results showed non-significant relationship between tasking measures and well-being related measures. Given how little is known about the associations between MMM and well-being, the null results may offer some general reassurance to those who are apprehensive about negative impacts of MMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shui-I Shih
- Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
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[Neuroimaging markers: their role for differential diagnosis and therapeutic decisions in personalized psychiatry]. DER NERVENARZT 2012; 82:1404, 1406, 1408, passim. [PMID: 22038385 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-011-3347-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the context of personalized psychiatry there is growing interest in the development of neuroimaging markers for differential diagnosis and individualized therapy of mental disorders. This article reports on new neuroimaging markers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and particularly recent multi-functional magnetic resonance imaging (m-fMRI) studies in patients with schizophrenic and affective psychoses. Using experimental key paradigms for targeted assessment of pathophysiologically relevant neurofunctional systems, these studies reveal both differences and commonalities between the diagnostic categories. In addition, the article outlines research strategies for further development of the classification of major psychoses on the basis of a more precise characterization of the neurofunctional and pathophysiological phenotype. Multivariate approaches may help to identify more complex neuroimaging markers relevant for diagnosis and/or prognosis. Finally, some examples will be presented for the use of neuroimaging markers in the individualized choice of therapy.
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