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Li H, Zhang H, Qin K, Yin L, Chen Z, Zhang F, Wu B, Chen T, Sweeney JA, Gong Q, Jia Z. Disrupted small-world white matter networks in patients with major depression and recent suicide plans or attempts. Brain Imaging Behav 2024; 18:741-752. [PMID: 38407738 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-024-00870-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Suicide is a major concern for health, and depression is an established proximal risk factor for suicide. This study aimed to investigate white matter features associated with suicide. We constructed white matter structural networks by deterministic tractography via diffusion tensor imaging in 51 healthy controls, 47 depressed patients without suicide plans or attempts and 56 depressed patients with suicide plans or attempts. Then, graph theory analysis was used to measure global and nodal network properties. We found that local efficiency was decreased and path length was increased in suicidal depressed patients compared to healthy controls and non-suicidal depressed patients; moreover, the clustering coefficient was decreased in depressed patients compared to healthy controls; and the global efficiency and normalized characteristic path length was increased in suicidal depressed patients compared to healthy controls. Similarly, compared with those in non-suicidal depressed patients, nodal efficiency in the thalamus, caudate, medial orbitofrontal cortex, hippocampus, olfactory cortex, supplementary motor area and Rolandic operculum was decreased. In summary, compared with those of non-suicidal depressed patients, the structural connectome of suicidal depressed patients exhibited weakened integration and segregation and decreased nodal efficiency in the fronto-limbic-basal ganglia-thalamic circuitry. These alterations in the structural networks of depressed suicidal brains provide insights into the underlying neurobiology of brain features associated with suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiru Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kun Qin
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ziqi Chen
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Feifei Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Baolin Wu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Taolin Chen
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - John A Sweeney
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, USA
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Zhiyun Jia
- Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 GuoXue Xiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China.
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Álvarez P, Bellosillo B, Colom F, Longarón R, Barrera-Conde M, Fernández-Ibarrondo L, Toll A, Ginés JM, de la Torre R, Pérez-Solá V, Robledo P. Y-chromosome in the olfactory neuroepithelium as a potential biomarker of depression in women with male offspring: an exploratory study. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:1451-1455. [PMID: 37440120 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04807-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The persistence of fetal cells in the mother (fetal microchimerism (FMc)) has been described in maternal tissues essential to the newborn. FMc is associated with several diseases that start or worsen in pregnancy or postpartum. This exploratory study reports-for the first time-the presence of FMc in the olfactory neuroepithelium (ON) of both healthy and depressed women with male offspring. However, depressed women had fewer microchimeric cells (digital PCR). The existence of FMc in the ON could facilitate mother-child bonding. These findings open new pathways to study FMc in the ON, female depression, and mother-child bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Álvarez
- Mental Health Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
- MAR Health Park Consortium, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Bellosillo
- Group of Applied Clinical Research in Haematology, Cancer Research Program-IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Hospital del Mar-IMIM, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Colom
- Mental Health Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- MAR Health Park Consortium, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, School of Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Longarón
- Group of Applied Clinical Research in Haematology, Cancer Research Program-IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Hospital del Mar-IMIM, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Barrera-Conde
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Program, IMIM-Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lierni Fernández-Ibarrondo
- Group of Applied Clinical Research in Haematology, Cancer Research Program-IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Toll
- Mental Health Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- MAR Health Park Consortium, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rafael de la Torre
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Program, IMIM-Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Pérez-Solá
- Mental Health Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- MAR Health Park Consortium, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Robledo
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Program, IMIM-Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
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Kalam S, Numbers K, Lipnicki DM, Lam BCP, Brodaty H, Reppermund S. The combination of olfactory dysfunction and depression increases the risk of incident dementia in older adults. Int Psychogeriatr 2024; 36:130-141. [PMID: 37264675 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610223000480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Olfactory dysfunction and depression are common in later life, and both have been presented as risk factors for dementia. Our purpose was to investigate the associations between these two risk factors and determine if they had an additive effect on dementia risk. DESIGN Olfactory function was assessed using the Brief Smell Identification Test (BSIT), and depression was classified using a combination of the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) score and current antidepressant use. Cross-sectional associations between depression and olfactory function were examined using correlations. Cox regression analyses were conducted to examine the longitudinal relationship between olfaction and depression and incident dementia across 12-years of follow-up. PARTICIPANTS Participants were 780 older adults (aged 70-90 years; 56.5% female) from the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study (MAS) without a diagnosis of dementia at baseline. RESULTS Partial correlation revealed a nonsignificant association between baseline depression and olfactory function after accounting for covariates (r = -.051, p = .173). Cox regression showed that depression at baseline (hazard ratio = 1.706, 95% CI 1.185-2.456, p = .004) and lower BSIT scores (HR = .845, 95%CI .789-.905, p < .001) were independently associated with a higher risk of incident dementia across 12 years. Entering both predictors together improved the overall predictive power of the model. CONCLUSIONS Lower olfactory identification scores and depressive symptoms predict incident dementia over 12 years. The use of BSIT scores and depression in conjunction provides a greater ability to predict dementia than either used alone. Assessment of olfactory function and depression screening may provide clinical utility in the early detection of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafi Kalam
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Katya Numbers
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Darren M Lipnicki
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ben C P Lam
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, VIC, Australia
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Simone Reppermund
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry (3DN), Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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El-Kadi RA, AbdelKader NF, Zaki HF, Kamel AS. Influence of β-catenin signaling on neurogenesis in neuropsychiatric disorders: Anxiety and depression. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22157. [PMID: 38349261 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
It has been proven that stress, mainly in the early years of life, can lead to anxiety and mood problems. Current treatments for psychiatric disorders are not enough, and some of them show intolerable side effects, emphasizing the urgent need for new treatment targets. Hence, a better understanding of the different brain networks, which are involved in the response to anxiety and depression, may evoke treatments with more specific targets. One of these targets is β-catenin that regulates brain circuits. β-Catenin has a dual response toward stress, which may influence coping or vulnerability to stress response. Indeed, β-catenin signaling involves several processes such as inflammation-directed brain repair, inflammation-induced brain damage, and neurogenesis. Interestingly, β-catenin reduction is accompanied by low neurogenesis, which leads to anxiety and depression. However, in another state, this reduction activates a compensatory mechanism that enhances neurogenesis to protect against depression but may precipitate anxiety. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanism of β-catenin could enhance our knowledge about anxiety and depression's pathophysiology, potentially improving clinical results by targeting it. Herein, the different states of β-catenin were discussed, shedding light on possible drugs that showed action on psychiatric disorders through β-catenin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noha F AbdelKader
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala F Zaki
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Kamel
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Yang K, Hasegawa Y, Bhattarai JP, Hua J, Dower M, Etyemez S, Prasad N, Duvall L, Paez A, Smith A, Wang Y, Zhang YF, Lane AP, Ishizuka K, Kamath V, Ma M, Kamiya A, Sawa A. Inflammation-related pathology in the olfactory epithelium: its impact on the olfactory system in psychotic disorders. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2022.09.23.509224. [PMID: 36203543 PMCID: PMC9536041 DOI: 10.1101/2022.09.23.509224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Smell deficits and neurobiological changes in the olfactory bulb (OB) and olfactory epithelium (OE) have been observed in schizophrenia and related disorders. The OE is the most peripheral olfactory system located outside the cranium, and is connected with the brain via direct neuronal projections to the OB. Nevertheless, it is unknown whether and how a disturbance of the OE affects the OB in schizophrenia and related disorders. Addressing this gap would be the first step in studying the impact of OE pathology in the disease pathophysiology in the brain. In this cross-species study, we observed that chronic, local OE inflammation with a set of upregulated genes in an inducible olfactory inflammation (IOI) mouse model led to a volume reduction, layer structure changes, and alterations of neuron functionality in the OB. Furthermore, IOI model also displayed behavioral deficits relevant to negative symptoms (avolition) in parallel to smell deficits. In first episode psychosis (FEP) patients, we observed a significant alteration in immune/inflammation-related molecular signatures in olfactory neuronal cells (ONCs) enriched from biopsied OE and a significant reduction in the OB volume, compared with those of healthy controls (HC). The increased expression of immune/inflammation-related molecules in ONCs was significantly correlated to the OB volume reduction in FEP patients, but no correlation was found in HCs. Moreover, the increased expression of human orthologues of the IOI genes in ONCs was significantly correlated with the OB volume reduction in FEP, but not in HCs. Together, our study implies a potential mechanism of the OE-OB pathology in patients with psychotic disorders (schizophrenia and related disorders). We hope that this mechanism may have a cross-disease implication, including COVID-19-elicited mental conditions that include smell deficits.
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Lv H, Gao Z, Wang Y, Chen S, Liu P, Xie Y, Guan M, Cong J, Xu Y. Metformin Improves Comorbid Depressive Symptoms in Mice with Allergic Rhinitis by Reducing Olfactory Bulb Damage. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:3639-3651. [PMID: 37574530 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04012-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a widespread disease that is frequently comorbid with depression. However, the mechanisms and treatments for depression in AR remain underexplored. Metformin, a widely used antidiabetic drug, has shown antidepressant effects. The aim of this study was to explore the effects and potential mechanisms of metformin on depression-like behaviors in an AR mouse model. In the present study, mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) to induce AR. Results showed that mice with AR exhibited significant depression-like behavior which was attenuated by metformin. In addition, the levels of expression of synaptic plasticity markers (anti-microtubule-associated protein 2, synaptophysin, postsynaptic density protein 95), neurogenesis markers (doublecortin and Ki-67), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor were decreased in the olfactory bulb (OB) of mice with AR, while metformin ameliorated all these alterations and reduced apoptosis in the OB of these mice. Furthermore, it enhanced the phosphorylation of AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) and the levels of ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in the OB. In conclusion, our findings suggest that metformin might be a viable strategy for treating AR-related depression, possibly by modulating neuroplasticity, neurogenesis, apoptosis, and BDNF signaling in the OB via the AMPK/TET2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lv
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
- Department of Rhinology and Allergy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Ziang Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
- Department of Rhinology and Allergy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
- Department of Rhinology and Allergy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
- Department of Rhinology and Allergy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Peiqiang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
- Department of Rhinology and Allergy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Yulie Xie
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
- Department of Rhinology and Allergy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Mengting Guan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
- Department of Rhinology and Allergy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Jianchao Cong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
- Department of Rhinology and Allergy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China.
- Department of Rhinology and Allergy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China.
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China.
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Kocakaya H, Bayar Muluk N, Bekin Sarikaya PZ. Peripheric and central olfactory measurements in patients with bipolar disorder. Acta Radiol 2023; 64:2594-2602. [PMID: 37312533 DOI: 10.1177/02841851231179174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) is a mental health disorder. PURPOSE To investigate the peripheric and central olfactory measurements in patients with BD using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIAL AND METHODS This study was conducted retrospectively. Group 1 consisted of 27 euthymic patients with BD (14 men, 13 women) and Group 2 consisted of 27 healthy controls (14 men, 13 women). Olfactory bulb (OB) volume and olfactory sulcus (OS) depth (peripheric), and corpus amygdala and insular gyrus area (central) measurements were performed using cranial MRI. RESULTS OB volume and OS depth value of the bipolar group were lower than the control group, but there were no significant differences between the groups (P > 0.05). The corpus amygdala and left insular gyrus area of the bipolar group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). There were positive correlations between OB volumes and OS depths, the insular gyrus areas, and the corpus amygdala areas (P < 0.05). As the number of depressive episodes and duration of illness increased in bipolar patients, the depth of the sulcus decreased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In the present study a correlation was detected between OB volumes and the structures, known as emotional processing (e.g. insular gyrus area, corpus amygdala), and clinical features. Accordingly, new treatment techniques, such as olfactory training, may be considered an option in the treatment of such patients with BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanife Kocakaya
- Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Doctor Faculty Member in Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Nuray Bayar Muluk
- ENT Department, Faculty of Medicine, Professor in Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
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Faria V, Dulheuer J, Joshi A, Wahl H, Klimova A, Haehner A, Gossrau G. Impact of a 12-week olfactory training programme in women with migraine with aura: protocol for a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e071443. [PMID: 37419649 PMCID: PMC10335595 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-071443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Migraine is a leading cause of disability and suffering worldwide. However, conventional pharmacological migraine preventive therapies are often challenging and accompanied by adverse effects. Recently, structured odour exposure has shown to successfully increase pain thresholds in patients with chronic back pain. Despite the importance of the olfactory system in migraine, there are no studies investigating the impact of structured odour exposure in patients with migraine. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial will be conducted at the Headache Clinic of the University Pain Center at TU Dresden, Germany and aims at investigating the impact of a 12-week structured exposure to odours in women with migraine. Fifty-four women between 18 and 55 years with migraine with aura will be recruited and randomised to training with odours and odourless training. The primary outcomes are mechanical and electrical pain thresholds. Secondary outcomes comprise olfactory threshold and the number of headache days. Other exploratory measurements are headache associated pain intensity, acute analgesic intake, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and quality of life. Additionally, this protocol assesses neuroanatomical and neurofunctional changes associated with the 12-week olfactory training. Data analysis will be executed on the basis of the general linear model considering repeated measurements. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approvals were obtained from the Ethics Board of the TU Dresden (Protocol No. BO-EK-353082020). Participation will only be possible after written informed consent is provided. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and scientific conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER DRKS00027399.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanda Faria
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jana Dulheuer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Akshita Joshi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hannes Wahl
- Intitute of Neuroradiology, TU Dresden Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna Klimova
- NCT Partner Site Dresden, Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometrics, TU Dresden Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Antje Haehner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gudrun Gossrau
- Interdisciplinary Pain Center, University Hospital, and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Kapici OB, Kapici Y, Tekin A. Reduced olfactory bulb volume and olfactory sulcus depth in obsessive compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 332:111644. [PMID: 37087810 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have shown that limbic system abnormalities are seen in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but the neurobiological changes in OCD are still unclear. Moreover, olfactory bulb volume (OBV) and its association with symptom severity have not been yet investigated in patients with OCD. This is the first study on OBV and olfactory sulcus depth (OSD) values in OCD patients, to the best of our knowledge. Between January 2018 and March 2022, 25 patients with OCD and 26 healthy controls with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included. Detailed disease history of OCD patients was taken, and Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale (YBOCS) was applied. The mean age of the patient group was 33.40±9.58, the mean age of the control group was 32.84±8.01. LOBV, ROBV, TOBV, and LOSD in the patient group were significantly lower than in the control group (p=.013, p=.005, p=.001, p=.015, respectively). ROBV and TOBV were negatively correlated with YBOCS total and subscale scores. A negative correlation was found between ROBV and TOBV and disease duration (r=-0.749 and r=-0.640, respectively). The negative correlation of ROBV and TOBV values with disease duration and disease severity can be used to monitor the neurodegenerative process of OCD disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Bayar Kapici
- Adıyaman Training and Research Hospital, Department of Radiology, Adıyaman, 02040, Turkey
| | - Yaşar Kapici
- Kahta State Hospital, Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic, Adıyaman, 02020, Turkey.
| | - Atilla Tekin
- Adıyaman University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Adıyaman, 02040, Turkey
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Herrmann T, Koeppel C, Linn J, Croy I, Hummel T. Olfactory brain activations in patients with Major Depressive Disorder. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10072. [PMID: 37344484 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36783-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is associated with reduced olfactory function. This relationship is assumed to be based on either a reduced olfactory bulb volume or diminished functioning of higher cortical areas. As previous results are controversial, we aimed to re-evaluate central olfactory processing in depression. We recorded the BOLD signal of 21 patients with Major Depressive Disorder and 21 age and gender matched healthy controls during odor presentation. In addition, we measured the individual olfactory bulb volume, tested odor identification and odor threshold, and asked for hedonic odor perception. In both groups, odor presentation led to a pronounced activation of primary olfactory areas. However, secondary olfactory areas were significantly less activated in depressed individuals. The two groups did not differ in olfactory bulb volume. Our results point towards altered olfactory processing in patients in those regions that relate to sensory integration and attention allocation. Difficulties in cognitive processing could impact olfactory function in depression. We are therefore in favor of a top-down mechanism originating in higher cortical areas explaining parts of the relation between depression and olfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Herrmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Smell and Taste Clinic, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Carina Koeppel
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Jennifer Linn
- Department of Neuroradiology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ilona Croy
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Hummel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Smell and Taste Clinic, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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11
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Liu S, You B, Zhang X, Shaw A, Chen H, Jackson T. Individual Differences in Pain Catastrophizing and Regional Gray Matter Volume Among Community-dwelling Adults With Chronic Pain: A Voxel-based Morphology Study. Clin J Pain 2023; 39:209-216. [PMID: 36920221 DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000001103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Elevations in pain catastrophizing (PC) are associated with more severe pain, emotional distress, and impairment within samples with chronic pain. However, brain structure correlates underlying individual differences in PC are not well understood and predict more severe pain and impairment within samples with chronic pain. This study assessed links between regional gray matter volume (GMV) and individual differences in PC within a large mixed chronic pain sample. MATERIALS AND METHODS Chinese adult community dwellers with chronic pain of at least 3 months duration (101 women and 59 men) completed self-report measures of background characteristics, pain severity, depression, and a widely validated PC questionnaire as well as a structural magnetic resonance imagining scan featuring voxel-based morphology to assess regional GMV correlates of PC. RESULTS After controlling for demographic correlates of PC, pain severity, and depression, higher PC scores had a significant, unique association with lower GMV levels in the inferior temporal area of the right fusiform gyrus, a region previously implicated in emotion regulation. DISCUSSION GMV deficits, particularly in right temporal-occipital emotion regulation regions, correspond to high levels of PC among individuals with chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Liu
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing
| | - BeiBei You
- School of Nursing, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing
| | - Amy Shaw
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, S.A.R., China
| | - Hong Chen
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing
| | - Todd Jackson
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, S.A.R., China
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12
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Marin C, Alobid I, Fuentes M, López-Chacón M, Mullol J. Olfactory Dysfunction in Mental Illness. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2023; 23:153-164. [PMID: 36696016 PMCID: PMC9875195 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-023-01068-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Olfactory dysfunction contributes to the psychopathology of mental illness. In this review, we describe the neurobiology of olfaction, and the most common olfactory alterations in several mental illnesses. We also highlight the role, hitherto underestimated, that the olfactory pathways play in the regulation of higher brain functions and its involvement in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders, as well as the effect of inflammation on neurogenesis as a possible mechanism involved in olfactory dysfunction in psychiatric conditions. RECENT FINDINGS The olfactory deficits present in anxiety, depression, schizophrenia or bipolar disorder consist of specific alterations of different components of the sense of smell, mainly the identification of odours, as well as the qualifications of their hedonic valence (pleasant or unpleasant). Epidemiological findings have shown that both environmental factors, such as air pollutants, and inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory tract, can contribute to an increased risk of mental illness, at least in part, due to peripheral inflammatory mechanisms of the olfactory system. In this review, we describe the neurobiology of olfaction, and the most common olfactory function alterations in several psychiatric conditions and its role as a useful symptom for the differential diagnosis. We also highlight the effect of inflammation on neurogenesis as a possible mechanism involved in olfactory dysfunction in these psychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepció Marin
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CELLEX, Department 2B, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Isam Alobid
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CELLEX, Department 2B, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mireya Fuentes
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CELLEX, Department 2B, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mauricio López-Chacón
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CELLEX, Department 2B, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joaquim Mullol
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CELLEX, Department 2B, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. .,Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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13
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Bayturan S, Sapmaz ŞY, Uzun AD, Kandemir H, Ecemiş T. Relationship of herpesvirus (HSV1, EBV, CMV, HHV6) seropositivity with depressive disorder and its clinical aspects: The first study in children. J Med Virol 2022; 94:5484-5491. [PMID: 35821494 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Infections can lead to the onset of mood disorders in adults, partly through inflammatory mechanisms. However pediatric data are lacking. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between depressive disorder and seropositivity of herpes virus infections in children. The sample group consisted of patients diagnosed with depressive disorder according to DSM-5 diagnostic criteria and healthy volunteers, being between 11 and 18 years with clinically normal mental capacity. All children completed DSM-5-Level-2 Depression Scale, DSM-5-Level-2 Irritability Scale, DSM-5-Level-2 Sleep Scale, DSM-5-Level-2 Somatic Symptoms Scale. The levels of anti-HSV1-IgG, anti-CMV-IgG, anti-EBNA, and anti-HHV6-IgG were examined in all participants. Patients with an antibody value above the cut-off values specified in the test kits were evaluated as seropositive. The mean age was 15.54 ± 1.57 years in the depression group (DG), 14.87 ± 1.76 years in the healthy control group (CG). There were 4 boys (11.2%), 32 girls (88.8%) in the DG, 9 boys (21.9%) and 32 girls (78.04%) in the CG. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of the presence of seropositivity of HSV1, CMV, EBV, and HHV6. HHV6 antibody levels were significantly higher in the DG (p = 0.000). A significant positive correlation was found between HHV6 antibodies and DSM-5 level-2 somatic symptoms scale score. HHV6 antibody levels were found to be significantly higher in patients with existing suicidal ideation in the DG (n = 13) compared to those without existing suicidal ideation in the DG (p = 0.043). HHV6 persistent infections may be responsible for somatic symptoms and etiology of suicidal ideation in childhood depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semra Bayturan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Şermin Yalın Sapmaz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Aylin Deniz Uzun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Hasan Kandemir
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Talat Ecemiş
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
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14
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Effects of chronic caffeine intake and withdrawal on neural activity assessed via resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in mice. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11714. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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15
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Application of Intranasal Administration in the Delivery of Antidepressant Active Ingredients. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102070. [PMID: 36297505 PMCID: PMC9611373 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As a mental disease in modern society, depression shows an increasing occurrence, with low cure rate and high recurrence rate. It has become the most disabling disease in the world. At present, the treatment of depression is mainly based on drug therapy combined with psychological therapy, physical therapy, and other adjuvant therapy methods. Antidepressants are primarily administered peripherally (oral and intravenous) and have a slow onset of action. Antidepressant active ingredients, such as neuropeptides, natural active ingredients, and some chemical agents, are limited by factors such as the blood–brain barrier (BBB), first-pass metabolism, and extensive adverse effects caused by systemic administration. The potential anatomical link between the non-invasive nose–brain pathway and the lesion site of depression may provide a more attractive option for the delivery of antidepressant active ingredients. The purpose of this article is to describe the specific link between intranasal administration and depression, the challenges of intranasal administration, as well as studies of intranasal administration of antidepressant active ingredients.
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16
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Olfactory impairment in psychiatric disorders: Does nasal inflammation impact disease psychophysiology? Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:314. [PMID: 35927242 PMCID: PMC9352903 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02081-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory impairments contribute to the psychopathology of mental illnesses such as schizophrenia and depression. Recent neuroscience research has shed light on the previously underappreciated olfactory neural circuits involved in regulation of higher brain functions. Although environmental factors such as air pollutants and respiratory viral infections are known to contribute to the risk for psychiatric disorders, the role of nasal inflammation in neurobehavioral outcomes and disease pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Here, we will first provide an overview of published findings on the impact of nasal inflammation in the olfactory system. We will then summarize clinical studies on olfactory impairments in schizophrenia and depression, followed by preclinical evidence on the neurobehavioral outcomes produced by olfactory dysfunction. Lastly, we will discuss the potential impact of nasal inflammation on brain development and function, as well as how we can address the role of nasal inflammation in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders. Considering the current outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which often causes nasal inflammation and serious adverse effects for olfactory function that might result in long-lasting neuropsychiatric sequelae, this line of research is particularly critical to understanding of the potential significance of nasal inflammation in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders.
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17
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Asano H, Hasegawa-Ishii S, Arae K, Obara A, Laumet G, Dantzer R, Shimada A. Infiltration of peripheral immune cells into the olfactory bulb in a mouse model of acute nasal inflammation. J Neuroimmunol 2022; 368:577897. [PMID: 35661951 PMCID: PMC9903215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Chronic nasal inflammation induces robust olfactory bulb (OB) atrophy in mice. Here we examined initial events that occur in the OB after bilateral intranasal administration of lipopolysaccharide, focusing on the olfactory nerve fibers and meninges. We analyzed the time course of OB and meninges inflammation using histological and biochemical approaches. Within 12 h, we observed increased chemokine expression and transient infiltration of peripheral immune cells into the OB, resulting in the development of pro-inflammatory status in the OB. Meningeal immunity was activated. Resident microglia produced anti-inflammatory cytokines within 24 h. These could be the initial events that lead to OB atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hinami Asano
- Pathology Research Team, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-8612, Japan
| | - Sanae Hasegawa-Ishii
- Pathology Research Team, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-8612, Japan,Corresponding author at: Pathology Research Team, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-8612, Japan. (S. Hasegawa-Ishii)
| | - Ken Arae
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-8612, Japan
| | - Aki Obara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-8612, Japan
| | - Geoffroy Laumet
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, 766 Service Rd, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Robert Dantzer
- Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe, Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Atsuyoshi Shimada
- Pathology Research Team, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181-8612, Japan
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18
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Carnemolla S, Kumfor F, Liang CT, Foxe D, Ahmed R, Piguet O. Olfactory Bulb Integrity in Frontotemporal Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 89:51-66. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-220080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Olfactory dysfunction is highly prevalent in dementia syndromes, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The structural integrity of the olfactory bulb (OB) is thought to play a critical role in odor detection and identification, but no MRI study has measured OB volume in FTD, or measured OB volume longitudinally in AD. Objective: To measure OB volume in FTD and AD patients longitudinally using MRI. Methods: This study measured OB volumes using MRI in patients diagnosed with behavioral-variant FTD (n = 55), semantic dementia (n = 34), progressive non-fluent aphasia (n = 30), AD (n = 50), and healthy age-matched controls (n = 55) at their first visit to a dementia research clinic (‘baseline’). Imaging data in patients 12-months later were analyzed where available (n = 84) for longitudinal assessment. Volumes of subcortical and cortical olfactory regions (‘olfactory network’) were obtained via surface-based morphometry. Results: Results revealed that in AD and FTD at baseline, OB volumes were similar to controls, whereas volumes of olfactory network regions were significantly reduced in all patient groups except in progressive non-fluent aphasia. Longitudinal data revealed that OB volume became significantly reduced (10–25% volume reduction) in all dementia groups with disease progression. Conclusion: Olfactory dysfunction is common in patients diagnosed with AD or FTD, but our results indicate that there is no detectable volume loss to the OBs upon first presentation to the clinic. Our findings indicate that the OBs become detectably atrophied later in the disease process. OB atrophy indicates the potential usefulness for OBs to be targeted in interventions to improve olfactory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Carnemolla
- University of Sydney, School of Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, Brain & Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fiona Kumfor
- University of Sydney, School of Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, Brain & Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cheng Tao Liang
- University of Sydney, School of Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, Brain & Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Foxe
- University of Sydney, School of Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, Brain & Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebekah Ahmed
- University of Sydney, Brain & Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Memory and Cognition Clinic, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, Central Sydney Medical School, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Olivier Piguet
- University of Sydney, School of Psychology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Sydney, Brain & Mind Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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19
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Gore MR. Olfactory Radioanatomical Findings in Patients With Cardiac Arrhythmias, COVID-19, and Healthy Controls. Cureus 2022; 14:e26564. [PMID: 35799980 PMCID: PMC9253929 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.26564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical hyposmia and anosmia are commonly seen, most frequently with either post-inflammatory, age-related, or idiopathic causes being most frequent. Actual anatomical abnormalities of the olfactory groove or olfactory bulb are far less common. A recent case report showing a possible link between congenital olfactory bulb agenesis and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome suggested that there may be a relationship between cardiac arrhythmia and olfactory bulb development. While Kallmann syndrome (KS) is the classic syndrome involving olfactory bulb agenesis and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, this case report and a prior report noting isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome suggest there may be more rare associations between cardiac arrhythmia and olfactory groove abnormalities. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to attempt to elucidate whether there may be a link between cardiac arrhythmias and olfactory anatomical abnormalities. The olfactory bulb volume (OBV) and olfactory sulcus depth (OSD) of 44 patients with cardiac arrhythmias were compared to 43 healthy control patients. Additionally, 11 patients with acute COVID-19 were also compared in those groups. Patients were seen between September and December 2020. Available MRI images were utilized. Results The average right and left olfactory bulb volume was 29.42±18.17 mm3 and 25.67±15.29 mm3 for patients with cardiac arrhythmia, 40.79±30.65 mm3 and 38.95±21.87mm3 for healthy controls, and 21.30±15.23 mm3 and 17.75±9.63 mm3 for COVID-19 patients. The average right and left olfactory sulcus depth was 7.68±1.31 mm and 7.47±1.56 mm for patients with cardiac arrhythmia, 10.67±1.53 mm and 10.62±1.67 mm for controls, and 7.91±0.99 mm and 8.02±0.88 mm for COVID-19 patients. The right and left olfactory bulb volume difference versus controls was significant for cardiac arrhythmia patients (p=0.028 and p=0.0038) and for COVID-19 patients (p=0.047 and p=0.0029), and the right and left olfactory sulcus depth difference versus controls was significant for cardiac arrhythmia patients (p<0.0001 and p<0.0001) and for COVID-19 patients (p<0.0001 and p<0.0001). Both COVID-19 and cardiac arrhythmia patients were, on average, significantly older than controls. On multivariate analysis, cardiac arrhythmia or COVID-19 diagnosis did not significantly correlate with smaller olfactory bulb volume, but older age, cardiac arrhythmia diagnosis, and COVID-19 diagnosis did significantly correlate with smaller olfactory sulcus depth. On multivariate analysis, older age was significantly correlated with cardiac arrhythmia diagnosis and COVID-19 diagnosis. Conclusions Olfactory bulb volume and olfactory sulcus depth in both cardiac arrhythmia and COVID-19 patients appeared significantly smaller than in controls. Cardiac arrhythmia and COVID-19 patients were significantly older than controls. Age, as well as genetic predisposition, may contribute to a difference in the radiographic olfactory anatomical findings in patients with cardiac arrhythmias and COVID-19.
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20
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Damiano RF, Neto DB, Oliveira JVR, Magalhães Santos J, Alves JVR, Guedes BF, Nitrini R, de Araújo AL, Oliveira M, Brunoni AR, Voegels RL, Bento RF, Busatto G, Miguel EC, Forlenza OV, de Rezende Pinna F. Association between chemosensory impairment with neuropsychiatric morbidity in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome: results from a multidisciplinary cohort study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 273:325-333. [PMID: 35633395 PMCID: PMC9142732 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-022-01427-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Preliminary methodologically limited studies suggested that taste and smell known as chemosensory impairments and neuropsychiatric symptoms are associated in post-COVID-19. The objective of this study is to evaluate whether chemosensory dysfunction and neuropsychiatric impairments in a well-characterized post-COVID-19 sample. This is a cohort study assessing adult patients hospitalized due to moderate or severe forms of COVID-19 between March and August 2020. Baseline information includes several clinical and hospitalization data. Further evaluations were made using several different reliable instruments designed to assess taste and smell functions, parosmia, and neuropsychiatric disorders (using standardized psychiatric and cognitive measures). Out of 1800 eligible individuals, 701 volunteers were assessed on this study. After multivariate analysis, patients reporting parosmia had a worse perception of memory performance (p < 0.001). Moderate/severe hypogeusia was significantly associated with a worse performance on the word list memory task (p = 0.012); Concomitant moderate/severe olfactory and gustatory loss during the acute phase of COVID-19 was also significantly associated with episodic memory impairment (p = 0.006). We found a positive association between reported chemosensory (taste and olfaction) abnormalities and cognition dysfunction in post-COVID-19 patients. These findings may help us identify potential mechanisms linking these two neurobiological functions, and also support the speculation on a possible route through which SARS-CoV-2 may reach the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Furlan Damiano
- Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, 05403-903, Brazil.
| | - Deusdedit Brandão Neto
- Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Julia Vallin Rodrigues Alves
- Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP 05403-903 Brazil
| | - Bruno F. Guedes
- Departamento de Neurologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Nitrini
- Departamento de Neurologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Ladeira de Araújo
- Diretoria Executiva dos LIMs, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo HCFMUSP, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Melaine Oliveira
- Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP 05403-903 Brazil
| | - André R. Brunoni
- Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP 05403-903 Brazil
| | - Richard Louis Voegels
- Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Ferreira Bento
- Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Busatto
- Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP 05403-903 Brazil
| | - Euripedes Constantino Miguel
- Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP 05403-903 Brazil
| | - Orestes V. Forlenza
- Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP 05403-903 Brazil
| | - Fabio de Rezende Pinna
- Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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21
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Investigating Olfactory Bulb Volume Reduction as a Potential Biomarker for Some Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Narrative Review. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND BASIC RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.52547/jcbr.5.3.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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22
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You B, Jackson T. Gray Matter Volume Differences Between More Versus Less Resilient Adults with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Voxel-based Morphology Study. Neuroscience 2021; 457:155-164. [PMID: 33484820 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Resilience, a personality construct that reflects capacities to persevere, maintain a positive outlook and/or thrive despite ongoing stressors, has emerged as an important focus of research on chronic pain (CP). Although behavior studies have found more resilient persons with CP experience less pain-related dysfunction than less resilient cohorts do, the presence and nature of associated brain structure differences has received scant attention. To address this gap, we examined gray matter volume (GMV) differences between more versus less resilient adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Participants (75 women, 43 men) were community-dwellers who reported ongoing musculoskeletal pain for at least three months. More (n = 57) and less (n = 61) resilient subgroups, respectively, were identified on the basis of scoring above and below median scores on two validated resilience questionnaires. Voxel-based morphology (VBM) undertaken to examine resilience subgroup differences in GMV indicated more resilient participants displayed significantly larger GMV in the (1) bilateral precuneus, (2) left superior and inferior parietal lobules, (3) orbital right middle frontal gyrus and medial right superior frontal gyrus, and (4) bilateral median cingulate and paracingulate gyri, even after controlling for subgroup differences on demographics and measures of pain-related distress. Together, results underscored the presence and nature of specific GMV differences underlying subjective reports of more versus less resilient responses to ongoing musculoskeletal pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei You
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, China Education Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Qiannan Preschool Education College, Guizhou 551300, China
| | - Todd Jackson
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Taipa 999078, Macau, SAR, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, China Education Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Poessel M, Breuer N, Joshi A, Pampel A, Villringer A, Hummel T, Horstmann A. Reduced Olfactory Bulb Volume in Obesity and Its Relation to Metabolic Health Status. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:586998. [PMID: 33328935 PMCID: PMC7729134 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.586998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Smell perception plays an important role in eating behavior and might be involved in body weight gain. Since a body of literature implies that olfactory perception and function is hampered in obesity, we here investigate neuroanatomical correlates of this phenomenon. We assessed olfactory bulb (OB) volume with magnetic resonance imaging in 67 healthy participants with a body mass index (BMI) from 18.9 to 45.4 kg/m2 (mean = 28.58 ± 6.64). Moreover, we obtained psychophysiological data on olfactory ability (Sniffin' Sticks, Food associated odor test) and self-report measurements on eating behavior. Additionally, we collected parameters associated with metabolic health in obesity (waist-hip ratio, waist-height ratio, leptin levels, body fat percentage, fat mass index, insulin resistance) to investigate recently proposed mechanistic explanatory models of why olfaction may be altered in obesity. We showed that OB volume was significantly lower in participants with obesity when compared to those of normal weight. Moreover, we found weak to moderate negative correlations between OB volume and BMI and related measures of metabolic health, especially leptin, body fat percentage, waist-height ratio and insulin resistance. However, neither OB volume nor BMI were related to olfactory function in our young and healthy sample. Nevertheless, our results provide first indications that obesity is associated with brain anatomical changes in the OBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Poessel
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Integriertes Forschungs- und Behandlungszentrum (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nora Breuer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Integriertes Forschungs- und Behandlungszentrum (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Akshita Joshi
- Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Dresden Medical School, Dresden, Germany
| | - André Pampel
- Department of Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Day Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital at the University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Mind Brain Body Institute, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, German
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School on the Life Course, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School on the Neuroscience of Communication, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Hummel
- Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Dresden Medical School, Dresden, Germany
| | - Annette Horstmann
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
- Integriertes Forschungs- und Behandlungszentrum (IFB) Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Leipzig University Medical Center, Collaborative Research Council (CRC) 1052A5 ‘Obesity Mechanisms’, Leipzig, Germany
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Colle R, El Asmar K, Verstuyft C, Lledo PM, Lazarini F, Chappell K, Deflesselle E, Ait Tayeb AEK, Falissard B, Duron E, Rotenberg S, Costemale-Lacoste JF, David DJ, Gressier F, Gardier AM, Hummel T, Becquemont L, Corruble E. The olfactory deficits of depressed patients are restored after remission with venlafaxine treatment. Psychol Med 2020; 52:1-9. [PMID: 33087184 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720003918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear whether olfactory deficits improve after remission in depressed patients. Therefore, we aimed to assess in drug-free patients the olfactory performance of patients with major depressive episodes (MDE) and its change after antidepressant treatment. METHODS In the DEP-ARREST-CLIN study, 69 drug-free patients with a current MDE in the context of major depressive disorder (MDD) were assessed for their olfactory performances and depression severity, before and after 1 (M1) and 3 (M3) months of venlafaxine antidepressant treatment. They were compared to 32 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). Olfaction was assessed with a psychophysical test, the Sniffin' Sticks test (Threshold: T score; Discrimination: D score; Identification: I score; total score: T + D + I = TDI score) and Pleasantness (pleasantness score: p score; neutral score: N score; unpleasantness score: U score). RESULTS As compared to HCs, depressed patients had lower TDI olfactory scores [mean (s.d.) 30.0(4.5) v. 33.3(4.2), p < 0.001], T scores [5.6(2.6) v. 7.4(2.6), p < 0.01], p scores [7.5(3.0) v. 9.8(2.8), p < 0.001)] and higher N scores [3.5(2.6) v. 2.1(1.8), p < 0.01]. T, p and N scores at baseline were independent from depression and anhedonia severity. After venlafaxine treatment, significant increases of T scores [M1: 7.0(2.6) and M3: 6.8(3.1), p < 0.01] and p scores [M1: 8.1(3.0) and M3: 8.4(3.3), p < 0.05] were evidenced, in remitters only (T: p < 0.01; P: p < 0.01). Olfaction improvement was mediated by depression improvement. CONCLUSIONS The olfactory signature of MDE is restored after venlafaxine treatment. This olfaction improvement is mediated by depression improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Colle
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94276, France
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94275, France
| | - Khalil El Asmar
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94276, France
| | - Céline Verstuyft
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94276, France
- Service de Génétique moléculaire, Pharmacogénétique et Hormonologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94275, France
| | - Pierre-Marie Lledo
- Unité Perception et Mémoire, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR3571, Paris, F-75015, France
| | - Françoise Lazarini
- Service de Génétique moléculaire, Pharmacogénétique et Hormonologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94275, France
| | - Kenneth Chappell
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94276, France
| | - Eric Deflesselle
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94276, France
| | - Abd El Kader Ait Tayeb
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94276, France
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94275, France
| | - Bruno Falissard
- Département de Biostatistiques, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Villejuif94400, France
| | - Emmanuelle Duron
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94276, France
| | - Samuel Rotenberg
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94276, France
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94275, France
| | - Jean-Francois Costemale-Lacoste
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94276, France
| | - Denis J David
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. Pharmacie, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay Malabry92290, France
| | - Florence Gressier
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94276, France
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94275, France
| | - Alain M Gardier
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. Pharmacie, Inserm, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay Malabry92290, France
| | - Thomas Hummel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Smell and Taste Clinic, Dresden, TU, Germany
| | - Laurent Becquemont
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94276, France
- Centre de recherche clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94275, France
| | - Emmanuelle Corruble
- Equipe Moods, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Université Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94276, France
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, F-94275, France
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Kazour F, Richa S, Abi Char C, Surget A, Elhage W, Atanasova B. Olfactory markers for depression: Differences between bipolar and unipolar patients. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237565. [PMID: 32791517 PMCID: PMC7426149 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to compare olfactory functions between unipolar and bipolar patients according to the thymic states (depressed, euthymic) and determine specific olfactory variations between these different states. METHODS We recruited 176 participants in 5 groups: depressed bipolar (DB), euthymic bipolar (EB), depressed unipolar (DU), euthymic unipolar (EU), and controls (HC). They were assessed using the Sniffin' sticks threshold and identification tests. Odors' pleasantness, intensity, familiarity and emotion were assessed. Clinical evaluation explored dimensions of depression, mania, anxiety, and anhedonia. RESULTS Smell identification was lower in DU compared to EU patients and controls. Pleasant odors received lower hedonic rating in DU and DB patients compared to EU and EB patients respectively. Negative correlation was found in EB patients between hedonic rating and social anhedonia. In EU patients hedonic rating was negatively correlated with anxiety-state, and anhedonia. CONCLUSIONS Odor identification of pleasant odors is altered in both depressive states. Only unipolar patients would recover a regular identification level in symptomatic remission, while bipolar subjects would keep their deficits. Hedonic rating is lower in bipolar depressed patients compared to unipolar ones, and these deficits improve after remission. Hedonic rating of pleasant odors may distinguish bipolar depression from unipolar depression during periods of decompensation and phases of remission. Olfactory assessment may be useful to screen unipolar and bipolar depression, leading to possible future sensory markers in mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Kazour
- UMR 1253, Inserm, iBrain, Université de Tours, Tours, France
- Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sami Richa
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | | | - Wissam Elhage
- UMR 1253, Inserm, iBrain, Université de Tours, Tours, France
- CHRU de Tours, Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, Tours, France
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Differential Effects of Nasal Inflammation and Odor Deprivation on Layer-Specific Degeneration of the Mouse Olfactory Bulb. eNeuro 2020; 7:ENEURO.0403-19.2020. [PMID: 32220858 PMCID: PMC7168263 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0403-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Harmful environmental agents cause nasal inflammation, and chronic nasal inflammation induces a loss of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) and reversible atrophy of the olfactory bulb (OB). Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying this inflammation-induced OB atrophy by histologically and biochemically comparing the OB changes in mouse models of nasal inflammation and odor deprivation. In addition, we examined whether odor stimulation is necessary for OB recovery from atrophy. One group of adult male C57BL/6 mice was administered lipopolysaccharide (LPS) unilaterally for 10 weeks to induce nasal inflammation (control animals received saline), and a second group received unilateral naris closures (NCs) for 10 weeks of odor deprivation. The OBs atrophied in both models, but odor deprivation shrank the glomerular, external plexiform, mitral, and granule cell layers (GCLs), whereas the olfactory nerve, glomerular, and external plexiform layers (EPLs) atrophied as a result of nasal inflammation. Additionally, nasal inflammation, but not odor deprivation, caused neuroinflammation in the OB, inducing glial activation and elevated expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and TNFα. After 10 weeks of nasal inflammation, mice were housed for another 10 weeks with no additional treatment or with unilateral NC. Nasal inflammation and glial activation subsided in both groups, but glomerular and EPLs recovered only in those with no additional treatment. Our findings demonstrate that nasal inflammation and odor deprivation differentially induce layer-specific degeneration in the OB, that loss of OSN activity rather than neuroinflammation is a major cause of inflammation-induced OB atrophy, and that odor stimulation is required for OB recovery from atrophy.
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Chen B, Akshita J, Han P, Thaploo D, Kitzler HH, Hummel T. Aberrancies of Brain Network Structures in Patients with Anosmia. Brain Topogr 2020; 33:403-411. [DOI: 10.1007/s10548-020-00769-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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He Y, Wang Y, Wu Z, Lan T, Tian Y, Chen X, Li Y, Dang R, Bai M, Cheng K, Xie P. Metabolomic abnormalities of purine and lipids implicated olfactory bulb dysfunction of CUMS depressive rats. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:649-659. [PMID: 32152797 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00557-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious mood disorder and leads to a high suicide rate as well as financial burden. The volume and function (the sensitivity and neurogenesis) of the olfactory bulb (OB) were reported to be altered among the MDD patients and rodent models of depression. In addition, the olfactory epithelium was newly reported to decrease its volume and function under chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) treatment. However, the underlying molecular mechanism still remains unclear. Herein, we conducted the non-targeted metabolomics method based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) coupled with multivariate statistical analysis to characterize the differential metabolites in OB of CUMS rats. Our results showed that 19 metabolites were categorized into two perturbed pathways: purine metabolism and lipid metabolism, which were regarded as the vital pathways concerned with dysfunction of OB. These findings indicated that the turbulence of metabolic pathways may be partly responsible for the dysfunction of OB in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhonghao Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Tianlan Lan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Yan Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ruozhi Dang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Mengge Bai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ke Cheng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Peng Xie
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Institute of Neuroscience and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Department of Neurology, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402460, China.
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Koeppel CJ, Ruser P, Kitzler H, Hummel T, Croy I. Interoceptive accuracy and its impact on neuronal responses to olfactory stimulation in the insular cortex. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 41:2898-2908. [PMID: 32216126 PMCID: PMC7336161 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The insular cortex plays a key role in the integration of multimodal information and in interoceptive and exteroceptive processing. For instance, neurons in the central dorsal insula that are active during interoceptive tasks, also show an adaptation to gustatory stimulation. We tested the link between interoception and exteroception for the olfactory system (i.e., the second domain of chemosensation). In a sample of 31 participants, olfactory function was assessed in a two dimensional approach while the Heartbeat Perception Task served as a measurement for cardiac interoceptive accuracy. Subsequent fMRI sessions were performed on a 3‐Tesla MR scanner containing 12–15 olfactory stimulation trials with a mildly pleasant food‐related odor (coffee). Persons scoring high in the cardiac interoceptive accuracy task presented stronger smelling abilities as well as enhanced BOLD responses following olfactory stimulation. The olfactory stimulation triggered enhanced insular activation patterns in the central dorsal insular cortex. Consistent with prior findings on the coherence of gustatory and interoceptive processing in the central dorsal insula, these results base the insula as a common region for the integration of interoception and exteroception. We propose an explanatory model of how exteroception triggers the integration of intero‐ and exteroceptive sensations in the central dorsal insular cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina J. Koeppel
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic MedicineTU Dresden Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav CarusDresdenGermany
| | - Paul Ruser
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic MedicineTU Dresden Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav CarusDresdenGermany
| | - Hagen Kitzler
- Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional NeuroradiologyTU Dresden Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav CarusDresdenGermany
| | - Thomas Hummel
- Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of OtorhinolaryngologyTU Dresden Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav CarusDresdenGermany
| | - Ilona Croy
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic MedicineTU Dresden Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav CarusDresdenGermany
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Van Regemorter V, Hummel T, Rosenzweig F, Mouraux A, Rombaux P, Huart C. Mechanisms Linking Olfactory Impairment and Risk of Mortality. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:140. [PMID: 32153360 PMCID: PMC7046549 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfaction is a sense involved in a complex set of tasks, influencing eating behavior, increasing awareness of environmental hazards and affecting social communication. Surprisingly, smell disorders are very frequent, especially in the elderly population. Several recent studies conducted mostly in older subjects have demonstrated a strong association between olfactory impairment and overall mortality risk, with anosmia being even more predictive of 5 years mortality risk than cardiovascular disease. Presently, the underlying pathophysiology linking olfactory impairment to mortality remains unknown and only putative mechanisms are suggested. This review aims to examine the link between olfactory impairment and mortality and to discuss existing ideas on underlying existing mechanisms including, (1) the effect of olfactory loss on nutrition, life-threatening situations and social interactions, (2) associated neurodegenerative diseases, (3) accelerated brain aging, and (4) reflection of general health status being reflected in olfactory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Van Regemorter
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas Hummel
- Smell and Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Flora Rosenzweig
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - André Mouraux
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe Rombaux
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Huart
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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Bontempi P, Cisterna B, Malatesta M, Nicolato E, Mucignat-Caretta C, Zancanaro C. A smaller olfactory bulb in a mouse model of Down syndrome. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2020. [DOI: 10.21307/ane-2020-034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Chen B, Zhong X, Mai N, Peng Q, Zhang M, Chen X, Wu Z, Zou L, Liang W, Ouyang C, Wu Y, Ning Y. Interactive Effect of Depression and Cognitive Impairment on Olfactory Identification in Elderly People. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 66:1645-1655. [PMID: 30475771 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Olfactory identification (OI) deficits have been regarded as an indicator of cognitive impairment in the elderly, but few studies have analyzed the mixed effect of depression on OI. Since depression is common in the elderly and strongly associated with OI, we aimed to explore whether the comorbidity of depression and cognitive impairment may be associated with worse outcomes. In total, 153 elderly patients with depression and 154 normal elderly were recruited. Subjects underwent assessments of depression, cognitive function, and OI. Information on the factors that may affect OI performance was collected (age, sex, smoking history, diabetes, etc.). Correlation analysis showed that several factors had a significant influence on OI performance in the elderly, including severity of depression, cognitive scores, age, sex, and years of education (p < 0.05). Among the different cognitive domains, OI was positively associated with global cognition, memory, language, executive function, and attention performance (p < 0.05). The multiple linear regression analysis indicated that memory scores, age, HAMD scores, and sex were the most relevant factors to OI scores across all elderly participants. The factorial analysis suggested that elderly with comorbidity of depression and cognitive impairment (memory deficits or language deficits) had worse OI impairment, and there was an interactive effect of depression and memory deficits on OI in elderly people. The present study suggested that the coexistence of depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment was associated with worse OI in the elderly. Studies exploring the association between OI and cognitive function should include an assessment of depression and adjust the interactive effects of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhong
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Naikeng Mai
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qi Peng
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinru Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhangying Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Laiquan Zou
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wanyuan Liang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Cong Ouyang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yujie Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuping Ning
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Huart C, Rombaux P, Hummel T. Neural plasticity in developing and adult olfactory pathways – focus on the human olfactory bulb. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2019; 51:77-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s10863-018-9780-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Asal N, Bayar Muluk N, Inal M, Şahan MH, Doğan A, Buturak SV. Olfactory bulbus volume and olfactory sulcus depth in psychotic patients and patients with anxiety disorder/depression. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 275:3017-3024. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-018-5187-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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35
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Lu XW, Guo H, Sun JR, Dong QL, Zhao FT, Liao XH, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Li WH, Li ZX, Liu TB, He Y, Xia MR, Li LJ. A shared effect of paroxetine treatment on gray matter volume in depressive patients with and without childhood maltreatment: A voxel-based morphometry study. CNS Neurosci Ther 2018; 24:1073-1083. [PMID: 30277663 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study assessed whether antidepressant drug treatment has a common effect on gray matter (GM) volume in MDD patients with and without childhood maltreatment (CM). METHODS T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging data were collected from 168 participants, including 51 MDD patients with CM, 31 MDD patients without CM, 48 normal controls with CM, and 38 normal controls without CM. MDD patients received 6 months of treatment with paroxetine, and 24 patients with CM, and 16 patients without CM received a second MRI scan. A whole-brain voxel-based morphometry approach was used to estimate GM volume in each participant at two time points. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the effects of MDD and CM on GM volume at baseline. Repeated measures two-way ANOVA was used to determine the treatment-by-CM interactive effect and main effect of treatment during paroxetine treatment. We further investigated the relationship between GM volume and clinical variables. RESULTS At baseline, significant MDD-by-CM interactive effects on GM volume were mainly observed in the left parahippocampal gyrus, left entorhinal cortex, and left cuneus. GM volume was significantly lower mainly in the right middle temporal gyrus in patients with MDD than in normal controls. We did not find any significant treatment-by-CM interactive effects. However, a treatment-related increase in GM was found in the right middle temporal gyrus in both MDD groups. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that paroxetine treatment operates via a shared neurobiological mechanism in MDD patients with and without CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wen Lu
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Zhumadian Psychiatry Hospital, Zhumadian, China
| | - Jing-Rong Sun
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Qiang-Li Dong
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Fu-Tao Zhao
- Zhumadian Psychiatry Hospital, Zhumadian, China
| | - Xu-Hong Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Wei-Hui Li
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | - Ze-Xuan Li
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, China
| | | | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Rui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Jiang Li
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, China.,Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, China
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Rottstädt F, Han P, Weidner K, Schellong J, Wolff‐Stephan S, Strauß T, Kitzler H, Hummel T, Croy I. Reduced olfactory bulb volume in depression-A structural moderator analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 39:2573-2582. [PMID: 29493048 PMCID: PMC6866619 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Removal of the olfactory bulb (OB) leads to depression like behavior in rodents. A link between depression and olfactory function is also established in humans. We hypothesized that the human OB volume relates to depressive state and tested whether such a potential coherence is moderated by structural alterations in other brain regions. METHODS Eighty-three participants (32 patients with major depression and 51 matched healthy controls) underwent structural MR scanning. Individual OB volumes were compared between patients and controls and the impact of depression and comorbidity was analyzed with multiple regression analysis. Whole-brain voxel-based morphometry revealed structures co-varying with both depressive state and OB volume. RESULTS The OB volume of patients was significantly reduced and this reduction averaged out at 17% compared to the controls. The OB volume was correlated to the volume of the insula, superior temporal cortex, and amygdala. The independent variables of depression (β = -.37), age (β = -.25), and gender (β = -.40) explained the individual OB volume variation (R2 = .37). The correlation between OB volume and depression was moderated by volumetric reductions in a cluster including the insula and superior temporal gyrus (STG). CONCLUSIONS The OB volume relates to depression in humans and to the volume of structures which are critical for salience detection. We assume that a reduced OB volume causes diminished neural olfactory input which facilitates volume reduction in the insula and STG. The OB volume may hence constitute a factor of vulnerability to depression. Olfactory-based deep brain stimulation is discussed as a future therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Rottstädt
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and PsychotherapyTU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Pengfei Han
- Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of OtorhinolaryngologyTU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Kerstin Weidner
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and PsychotherapyTU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Julia Schellong
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and PsychotherapyTU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | | | - Timmy Strauß
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and PsychotherapyTU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | | | - Thomas Hummel
- Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of OtorhinolaryngologyTU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Ilona Croy
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and PsychotherapyTU DresdenDresdenGermany
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