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Cai F, Jiang B, He F. Formation and biological activities of foreign body giant cells in response to biomaterials. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00478-1. [PMID: 39245307 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
The integration of biomaterials in medical applications triggers the foreign body response (FBR), a multi-stage immune reaction characterized by the formation of foreign body giant cells (FBGCs). Originating from the fusion of monocyte/macrophage lineage cells, FBGCs are pivotal participants during tissue-material interactions. This review provides an in-depth examination of the molecular processes during FBGC formation, highlighting signaling pathways and fusion mediators in response to both exogenous and endogenous stimuli. Moreover, a wide range of material-specific characteristics, such as surface chemical and physical properties, has been proven to influence the fusion of macrophages into FBGCs. Multifaceted biological activities of FBGCs are also explored, with emphasis on their phagocytic capabilities and extracellular secretory functions, which profoundly affect the vascularization, degradation, and encapsulation of the biomaterials. This review further elucidates the heterogeneity of FBGCs and their diverse roles during FBR, as demonstrated by their distinct behaviors in response to different materials. By presenting a comprehensive understanding of FBGCs, this review intends to provide strategies and insights into optimizing biocompatibility and the therapeutic potential of biomaterials for enhanced stability and efficacy in clinical applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: As a hallmark of the foreign body response (FBR), foreign body giant cells (FBGCs) significantly impact the success of implantable biomaterials, potentially leading to complications such as chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and device failure. Understanding the role of FBGCs and modulating their responses are vital for successful material applications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the molecules and signaling pathways guiding macrophage fusion into FBGCs. By elucidating the physical and chemical properties of materials inducing distinct levels of FBGCs, potential strategies of materials in modulating FBGC formation are investigated. Additionally, the biological activities of FBGCs and their heterogeneity in responses to different material categories in vivo are highlighted in this review, offering crucial insights for improving the biocompatibility and efficacy of biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Cai
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bulin Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Fuming He
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Gibon E, Takakubo Y, Zwingenberger S, Gallo J, Takagi M, Goodman SB. Friend or foe? Inflammation and the foreign body response to orthopedic biomaterials. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1172-1187. [PMID: 37656958 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
The use of biomaterials and implants for joint replacement, fracture fixation, spinal stabilization and other orthopedic indications has revolutionized patient care by reliably decreasing pain and improving function. These surgical procedures always invoke an acute inflammatory reaction initially, that in most cases, readily subsides. Occasionally, chronic inflammation around the implant develops and persists; this results in unremitting pain and compromises function. The etiology of chronic inflammation may be specific, such as with infection, or be unknown. The histological hallmarks of chronic inflammation include activated macrophages, fibroblasts, T cell subsets, and other cells of the innate immune system. The presence of cells of the adaptive immune system usually indicates allergic reactions to metallic haptens. A foreign body reaction is composed of activated macrophages, giant cells, fibroblasts, and other cells often distributed in a characteristic histological arrangement; this reaction is usually due to particulate debris and other byproducts from the biomaterials used in the implant. Both chronic inflammation and the foreign body response have adverse biological effects on the integration of the implant with the surrounding tissues. Strategies to mitigate chronic inflammation and the foreign body response will enhance the initial incorporation and longevity of the implant, and thereby, improve long-term pain relief and overall function for the patient. The seminal research performed in the laboratory of Dr. James Anderson and co-workers has provided an inspirational and driving force for our laboratory's work on the interactions and crosstalk among cells of the mesenchymal, immune, and vascular lineages, and orthopedic biomaterials. Dr. Anderson's delineation of the fundamental biologic processes and mechanisms underlying acute and chronic inflammation, the foreign body response, resolution, and eventual functional integration of implants in different organ systems has provided researchers with a strategic approach to the use of biomaterials to improve health in numerous clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Gibon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yuya Takakubo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Yamagata University, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Stefan Zwingenberger
- University Center for Orthopaedics, Traumatology, and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jiri Gallo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc Teaching Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michiaki Takagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Stuart B Goodman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and (by courtesy) Bioengineering, Stanford University Medical Center Outpatient Center, California, USA
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Oliveira SLD, Costa CCD, Aracati MF, Rodrigues LF, Conde G, Moraes ACD, Camplesi AC, Farias THV, Silva IC, Pereira LAM, Belo MADA. Innate immunity response of zafirlukast treated-tilapia during foreign body inflammation. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 153:105112. [PMID: 38092068 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.105112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
There is limited knowledge regarding the blockade of cysteinyl leukotriene receptors (CysLTRs) and their effects in teleost fish. The present study investigated the effects of Zafirlukast, antagonist of CysLTR1 receptor, on the foreign body inflammatory reaction in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Zafirlukast-treated tilapia demonstrated a decrease in the formation of multinucleated foreign body giant cells and Langhans cells on the round glass coverslips implanted in the subcutaneous tissue, along with a significant reduction in white blood cell counts and decreased production of reactive oxygen species. There was an increase in serum levels of α2-macroglobulins, as well as a decrease in ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin. Zafirlukast treatment led to a significant decrease in the area of splenic melanomacrophage centers and a reduction in the presence of lipofuscin. These findings highlight the potential anti-inflammatory effects of zafirlukast treatment in tilapia and indicate its action on CysLTR1 receptor, modulating the innate immune response of tilapia during the foreign body reaction. The comprehension of chronic inflammation mechanisms in fish has become increasingly relevant, especially concerning the utilization of biomaterials for vaccine and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gabriel Conde
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ives Charlie Silva
- Chemistry Institute, IQ -UNESP (São Paulo State University), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marco Antonio de Andrade Belo
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil; Brazil University - (UB), Descalvado, SP, Brazil.
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4
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Zhao Z, Zhang J, Yang Z, Zhao Q. Biodegradation of HA and β-TCP Ceramics Regulated by T-Cells. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091962. [PMID: 36145710 PMCID: PMC9502083 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradability is one of the most important properties of implantable bone biomaterials, which is directly related to material bioactivity and the osteogenic effect. How foreign body giant cells (FBGC) involved in the biodegradation of bone biomaterials are regulated by the immune system is poorly understood. Hence, this study found that β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) induced more FBGCs formation in the microenvironment (p = 0.0061) accompanied by more TNFα (p = 0.0014), IFNγ (p = 0.0024), and T-cells (p = 0.0029) than hydroxyapatite (HA), resulting in better biodegradability. The final use of T-cell depletion in mice confirmed that T-cell-mediated immune responses play a decisive role in the formation of FBGCs and promote bioceramic biodegradation. This study reveals the biological mechanism of in vivo biodegradation of implantable bone tissue engineering materials from the perspective of material-immune system interaction, which complements the mechanism of T-cells’ adaptive immunity in bone immune regulation and can be used as a theoretical basis for rational optimization of implantable material properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifan Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zaibo Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi 445000, China
- Correspondence: (Z.Y.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qin Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Correspondence: (Z.Y.); (Q.Z.)
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Kaushal A, Zhang Y, Ballantyne LL, Fitzpatrick LE. The extended effect of adsorbed damage-associated molecular patterns and Toll-like receptor 2 signaling on macrophage-material interactions. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:959512. [PMID: 36091432 PMCID: PMC9458975 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.959512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Implanted biomaterials elicit an immune-mediated foreign body reaction (FBR) that results in the fibrous encapsulation of the implant and can critically impact the performance of some implants. Consequently, understanding the molecular mechanisms that underpin cell-materials interactions that initiate biomaterial-induced inflammation and fibrosis is critical to improving the performance of biomaterial implants negatively impacted by the FBR. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous mediators of inflammation that are released upon tissue injury and induce sterile inflammation via Toll-like receptors (TLRs). However, the prevalence of DAMPs within the adsorbed protein layer on material surfaces and their role mediating cell-material interactions is unclear. Previously, our group demonstrated that molecules in fibroblast lysates adsorbed to various biomaterials and induced a potent TLR2-dependent inflammatory response in macrophages at 24 h. In this study, we examined the extended response of RAW-Blue reporter macrophages on lysate or serum-adsorbed Teflon™ AF surfaces to understand the potential role of adsorbed DAMPs in macrophage-material interactions at later time points. Lysate-conditioned surfaces maintained increased nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor activity and increased expression Regulated upon Activation, Normal T Cell Expressed and Presumably Secreted (RANTES/CCL5) at 72 h and 120 h, compared to FBS-conditioned surfaces. In contrast, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1/CCL2) was only elevated at 72 h in lysate conditions. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) secretion was significantly increased on lysate-conditioned surfaces, while conditioned media from macrophages on lysate-conditioned surfaces induced alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) expression in 3T3 fibroblasts. TLR2 neutralizing antibody treatment significantly decreased NF-κB/AP-1 activity and attenuated TGF-β1 expression at both time points, and MCP-1 and RANTES at 72 h. Finally, multinucleated cells were observed on lysate-conditioned surfaces at 72 h, indicating adsorbed DAMPs induced a fusion permissive environment for adherent macrophages. This study demonstrates that adsorbed DAMPs continue to influence macrophage-material responses beyond the initial 24-h period and maintain a pro-inflammatory and fibrotic response that models aspects of the early FBR. Furthermore, the transient inhibition of TLR2 continued to exert an effect at these later time points, suggesting TLR2 may be a target for therapeutic interventions in FBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Kaushal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Laurel L. Ballantyne
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- The Centre for Health Innovation, Queen’s University and the Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Lindsay E. Fitzpatrick
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- The Centre for Health Innovation, Queen’s University and the Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Lindsay E. Fitzpatrick,
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6
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Controlled release of low-molecular weight, polymer-free corticosteroid coatings suppresses fibrotic encapsulation of implanted medical devices. Biomaterials 2022; 286:121586. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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A 3D in vitro co-culture model for evaluating biomaterial-mediated modulation of foreign-body responses. Biodes Manuf 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42242-022-00198-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Villarreal-Leal RA, Healey GD, Corradetti B. Biomimetic immunomodulation strategies for effective tissue repair and restoration. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 179:113913. [PMID: 34371087 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation plays a central role in wound healing following injury or disease and is mediated by a precise cascade of cellular and molecular events. Unresolved inflammatory processes lead to chronic inflammation and fibrosis, which can result in prolonged wound healing lasting months or years that hampers tissue function. Therapeutic interventions mediated by immunomodulatory drugs, cells, or biomaterials, are therefore most effective during the inflammatory phase of wound healing when a pro-regenerative environment is essential. In this review, we discuss the advantages of exploiting knowledge of the native tissue microenvironment to develop therapeutics capable of modulating the immune response and promoting functional tissue repair. In particular, we provide examples of the most recent biomimetic platforms proposed to accomplish this goal, with an emphasis on those able to induce macrophage polarization towards a pro-regenerative phenotype.
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Inflammatory and regenerative processes in bioresorbable synthetic pulmonary valves up to two years in sheep-Spatiotemporal insights augmented by Raman microspectroscopy. Acta Biomater 2021; 135:243-259. [PMID: 34509697 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In situ heart valve tissue engineering is an emerging approach in which resorbable, off-the-shelf available scaffolds are used to induce endogenous heart valve restoration. Such scaffolds are designed to recruit endogenous cells in vivo, which subsequently resorb polymer and produce and remodel new valvular tissue in situ. Recently, preclinical studies using electrospun supramolecular elastomeric valvular grafts have shown that this approach enables in situ regeneration of pulmonary valves with long-term functionality in vivo. However, the evolution and mechanisms of inflammation, polymer absorption and tissue regeneration are largely unknown, and adverse valve remodeling and intra- and inter-valvular variability have been reported. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to gain a mechanistic understanding of the in vivo regenerative processes by combining routine histology and immunohistochemistry, using a comprehensive sheep-specific antibody panel, with Raman microspectroscopy for the spatiotemporal analysis of in situ tissue-engineered pulmonary valves with follow-up to 24 months from a previous preclinical study in sheep. The analyses revealed a strong spatial heterogeneity in the influx of inflammatory cells, graft resorption, and foreign body giant cells. Collagen maturation occurred predominantly between 6 and 12 months after implantation, which was accompanied by a progressive switch to a more quiescent phenotype of infiltrating cells with properties of valvular interstitial cells. Variability among specimens in the extent of tissue remodeling was observed for follow-up times after 6 months. Taken together, these findings advance the understanding of key events and mechanisms in material-driven in situ heart valve tissue engineering. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study describes for the first time the long-term in vivo inflammatory and regenerative processes that underly in situ heart valve tissue engineering using resorbable synthetic scaffolds. Using a unique combinatorial analysis of immunohistochemistry and Raman microspectroscopy, important spatiotemporal variability in graft resorption and tissue formation was pinpointed in in situ tissue-engineered heart valves, with a follow-up time of up to 24 months in sheep. This variability was correlated to heterogenous regional cellular repopulation, most likely instigated by region-specific differences in surrounding tissue and hemodynamics. The findings of this research contribute to the mechanistic understanding of in situ tissue engineering using resorbable synthetics, which is necessary to enable rational design of improved grafts, and ensure safe and robust clinical translation.
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Martin KE, García AJ. Macrophage phenotypes in tissue repair and the foreign body response: Implications for biomaterial-based regenerative medicine strategies. Acta Biomater 2021; 133:4-16. [PMID: 33775905 PMCID: PMC8464623 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are a highly heterogeneous and plastic population of cells that are crucial for tissue repair and regeneration. This has made macrophages a particularly attractive target for biomaterial-directed regenerative medicine strategies. However, macrophages also contribute to adverse inflammatory and fibrotic responses to implanted biomaterials, typically related to the foreign body response (FBR). The traditional model in the field asserts that the M2 macrophage phenotype is pro-regenerative and associated with positive wound healing outcomes, whereas the M1 phenotype is pro-inflammatory and associated with pathogenesis. However, recent studies indicate that both M1 and M2 macrophages play different, but equally vital, roles in promoting tissue repair. Furthermore, recent technological developments such as single-cell RNA sequencing have allowed for unprecedented insights into the heterogeneity within the myeloid compartment, related to activation state, niche, and ontogenetic origin. A better understanding of the phenotypic and functional characteristics of macrophages critical to tissue repair and FBR processes will allow for rational design of biomaterials to promote biomaterial-tissue integration and regeneration. In this review, we discuss the role of temporal and ontogenetic macrophage heterogeneity on tissue repair processes and the FBR and the potential implications for biomaterial-directed regenerative medicine applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This review outlines the contributions of different macrophage phenotypes to different phases of wound healing and angiogenesis. Pathological outcomes, such as chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and the foreign body response, related to disruption of the macrophage inflammation-resolution process are also discussed. We summarize recent insights into the vast heterogeneity of myeloid cells related to their niche, especially the biomaterial microenvironment, and ontogenetic origin. Additionally, we present a discussion on novel tools that allow for resolution of cellular heterogeneity at the single-cell level and how these can be used to build a better understanding of macrophage heterogeneity in the biomaterial immune microenvironment to better inform immunomodulatory biomaterial design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen E Martin
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Andrés J García
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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Dufrançais O, Mascarau R, Poincloux R, Maridonneau-Parini I, Raynaud-Messina B, Vérollet C. Cellular and molecular actors of myeloid cell fusion: podosomes and tunneling nanotubes call the tune. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:6087-6104. [PMID: 34296319 PMCID: PMC8429379 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03875-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Different types of multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) of myeloid origin have been described; osteoclasts are the most extensively studied because of their importance in bone homeostasis. MGCs are formed by cell-to-cell fusion, and most types have been observed in pathological conditions, especially in infectious and non-infectious chronic inflammatory contexts. The precise role of the different MGCs and the mechanisms that govern their formation remain poorly understood, likely due to their heterogeneity. First, we will introduce the main populations of MGCs derived from the monocyte/macrophage lineage. We will then discuss the known molecular actors mediating the early stages of fusion, focusing on cell-surface receptors involved in the cell-to-cell adhesion steps that ultimately lead to multinucleation. Given that cell-to-cell fusion is a complex and well-coordinated process, we will also describe what is currently known about the evolution of F-actin-based structures involved in macrophage fusion, i.e., podosomes, zipper-like structures, and tunneling nanotubes (TNT). Finally, the localization and potential role of the key fusion mediators related to the formation of these F-actin structures will be discussed. This review intends to present the current status of knowledge of the molecular and cellular mechanisms supporting multinucleation of myeloid cells, highlighting the gaps still existing, and contributing to the proposition of potential disease-specific MGC markers and/or therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Dufrançais
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Rémi Mascarau
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
- International Associated Laboratory (LIA) CNRS "IM-TB/HIV" (1167), Toulouse, France
- International Associated Laboratory (LIA) CNRS "IM-TB/HIV" (1167), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Renaud Poincloux
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Maridonneau-Parini
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
- International Associated Laboratory (LIA) CNRS "IM-TB/HIV" (1167), Toulouse, France
| | - Brigitte Raynaud-Messina
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.
- International Associated Laboratory (LIA) CNRS "IM-TB/HIV" (1167), Toulouse, France.
- International Associated Laboratory (LIA) CNRS "IM-TB/HIV" (1167), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Christel Vérollet
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France.
- International Associated Laboratory (LIA) CNRS "IM-TB/HIV" (1167), Toulouse, France.
- International Associated Laboratory (LIA) CNRS "IM-TB/HIV" (1167), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Implant Fibrosis and the Underappreciated Role of Myofibroblasts in the Foreign Body Reaction. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071794. [PMID: 34359963 PMCID: PMC8304203 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Body implants and implantable medical devices have dramatically improved and prolonged the life of countless patients. However, our body repair mechanisms have evolved to isolate, reject, or destroy any object that is recognized as foreign to the organism and inevitably mounts a foreign body reaction (FBR). Depending on its severity and chronicity, the FBR can impair implant performance or create severe clinical complications that will require surgical removal and/or replacement of the faulty device. The number of review articles discussing the FBR seems to be proportional to the number of different implant materials and clinical applications and one wonders, what else is there to tell? We will here take the position of a fibrosis researcher (which, coincidentally, we are) to elaborate similarities and differences between the FBR, normal wound healing, and chronic healing conditions that result in the development of peri-implant fibrosis. After giving credit to macrophages in the inflammatory phase of the FBR, we will mainly focus on the activation of fibroblastic cells into matrix-producing and highly contractile myofibroblasts. While fibrosis has been discussed to be a consequence of the disturbed and chronic inflammatory milieu in the FBR, direct activation of myofibroblasts at the implant surface is less commonly considered. Thus, we will provide a perspective how physical properties of the implant surface control myofibroblast actions and accumulation of stiff scar tissue. Because formation of scar tissue at the surface and around implant materials is a major reason for device failure and extraction surgeries, providing implant surfaces with myofibroblast-suppressing features is a first step to enhance implant acceptance and functional lifetime. Alternative therapeutic targets are elements of the myofibroblast mechanotransduction and contractile machinery and we will end with a brief overview on such targets that are considered for the treatment of other organ fibroses.
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Wheelis SE, Biguetti CC, Natarajan S, Arteaga A, Allami JE, Chandrashekar BL, Garlet G, Rodrigues DC. Cellular and Molecular Dynamics during Early Oral Osseointegration: A Comprehensive Characterization in the Lewis Rat. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:2392-2407. [PMID: 33625829 PMCID: PMC8796703 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a need to improve the predictability of osseointegration in implant dentistry. Current literature uses a variety of in vivo titanium (Ti) implantation models to investigate failure modes and test new materials and surfaces. However, these models produce a variety of results, making comparison across studies difficult. The purpose of this study is to validate an oral osseointegration in the Lewis rat to provide a reproducible baseline to track the inflammatory response and healing of Ti implants. METHODS Ti screws (0.76 mm Ø × 2 mm length) were implanted into the maxillary diastema of 52 adult male Lewis rats. Peri-implant tissues were evaluated 2, 7, 14, and 30 days after implantation (n = 13). Seven of the 13 samples underwent microtomographic analysis, histology, histomorphometry, and immunohistochemistry to track healing parameters. The remaining six samples underwent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to evaluate gene expression of inflammation and bone remodeling markers over time. RESULTS This model achieved a 78.5% success rate. Successful implants had a bone to implant contact (BIC)% of 68.86 ± 3.15 at 30 days on average. Histologically, healing was similar to other rodent models: hematoma and acute inflammation at 2 days, initial bone formation at 7, advanced bone formation and remodeling at 14, and bone maturation at 30. qPCR indicated the highest expression of bone remodeling and inflammatory markers 2-7 days, before slowly declining to nonsurgery control levels at 14-30 days. CONCLUSION This model combines cost-effectiveness and simplicity of a rodent model, while maximizing BIC, making it an excellent candidate for evaluation of new surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shruti Natarajan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas
- Texas A&M College of Dentistry
| | | | | | | | - Gustavo Garlet
- Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Biological Sciences, University of São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil
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Hernandez JL, Park J, Yao S, Blakney AK, Nguyen HV, Katz BH, Jensen JT, Woodrow KA. Effect of tissue microenvironment on fibrous capsule formation to biomaterial-coated implants. Biomaterials 2021; 273:120806. [PMID: 33905960 PMCID: PMC8135119 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Within tissue exposed to the systemic immune system, lymphocytes and fibroblasts act against biomaterials via the development of a fibrous capsule, known as the foreign body reaction (FBR). Inspired by the natural tolerance that the uterine cavity has to foreign bodies, our study explores the role of microenvironment across classical (subcutaneous) and immune privileged (uterine) tissues in the development of the FBR. As a model biomaterial, we used electrospun fibers loaded with sclerosing agents to provoke scar tissue growth. Additionally, we integrated these materials onto an intrauterine device as a platform for intrauterine biomaterial studies. Polyester materials in vitro achieved drug release up to 10 days, greater pro-inflammatory and pro-healing cytokine expression, and the addition of gelatin enabled greater fibroblast attachment. We observed the materials that induced the greatest FBR in the mouse, had no effect when inserted at the utero-tubal junction of non-human primates. These results suggest that the FBR varies across different tissue microenvironments, and a dampened fibrotic response exists in the uterine cavity, possibly due to immune privilege. Further study of immune privileged tissue factors on biomaterials could broaden our understanding of the FBR and inform new methods for achieving biocompatibility in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Hernandez
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Jaehyung Park
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Shan Yao
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Ave, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Anna K Blakney
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Hienschi V Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Bob H Katz
- ContraMed LLC, 900 E. Hamilton Ave, Campbell, CA, 95008, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Jensen
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Ave, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Kim A Woodrow
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA.
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15
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Exploring the Biomaterial-Induced Secretome: Physical Bone Substitute Characteristics Influence the Cytokine Expression of Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094442. [PMID: 33923149 PMCID: PMC8123010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to their chemical composition various physical properties of synthetic bone substitute materials have been shown to influence their regenerative potential and to influence the expression of cytokines produced by monocytes, the key cell-type responsible for tissue reaction to biomaterials in vivo. In the present study both the regenerative potential and the inflammatory response to five bone substitute materials all based on β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), but which differed in their physical characteristics (i.e., granule size, granule shape and porosity) were analyzed for their effects on monocyte cytokine expression. To determine the effects of the physical characteristics of the different materials, the proliferation of primary human osteoblasts growing on the materials was analyzed. To determine the immunogenic effects of the different materials on human peripheral blood monocytes, cells cultured on the materials were evaluated for the expression of 14 pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, i.e., IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β, VEGF, RANTES, IL-12p40, I-CAM, IL-4, V-CAM, TNF-α, GM-CSF, MIP-1α, Il-8 and MCP-1 using a Bio-Plex® Multiplex System. The granular shape of bone substitutes showed a significant influence on the osteoblast proliferation. Moreover, smaller pore sizes, round granular shape and larger granule size increased the expression of GM-CSF, RANTES, IL-10 and IL-12 by monocytes, while polygonal shape and the larger pore sizes increased the expression of V-CAM. The physical characteristics of a bone biomaterial can influence the proliferation rate of osteoblasts and has an influence on the cytokine gene expression of monocytes in vitro. These results indicate that the physical structure of a biomaterial has a significant effect of how cells interact with the material. Thus, specific characteristics of a material may strongly affect the regenerative potential in vivo.
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16
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Al-Maawi S, Rutkowski JL, Sader R, Kirkpatrick CJ, Ghanaati S. The Biomaterial-Induced Cellular Reaction Allows a Novel Classification System Regardless of the Biomaterials Origin. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2020; 46:190-207. [PMID: 32068853 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-19-00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Several different biomaterials are being introduced for clinical applications. However, no current material-specific systematic studies define parameters for evaluating these materials. The aim of this retrospective animal study is to classify biomaterials according to the in vivo induced cellular reaction and outline the clinical consequence of the biomaterial-specific cellular reaction for the regeneration process. A retrospective histologic analysis was performed for 13 polymeric biomaterials and 19 bone substitute materials (BSMs) (of various compositions and origins) that were previously implanted in a standardized subcutaneous model. Semiquantitative analyses were performed at days 3, 15, and 30 after implantation according to a standardized score for the induction of multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) and vascularization rate. The induced cellular reaction in response to different polymeric materials allowed their classification according to the MNGC score in the following groups: class I induced no MNGCs at any time point, class II induced and maintained a constant number of MNGCs over 30 days, and class III induced MNGCs and provided an increasing number over 30 days. All BSMs induced MNGCs to varying extents. Therefore, the resultant BSM classifications are as follows: class I induced MNGCs with a decreasing number, class II induced and maintained constant MNGCs over 30 days, and class III induced MNGCs with increasing number over 30 days. These observations were mostly related to the biomaterial physicochemical properties and were independent of the biomaterial origin. Consequently, the induction of MNGCs and their increase over 30 days resulted in disintegration of the biomaterial. By contrast, the absence of MNGCs resulted in an integration of the biomaterial within the host tissue. This novel classification provides clinicians a tool to assess the capacity and suitability of biomaterials in the intended clinical indication for bone and soft tissue implantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Al-Maawi
- FORM-Lab, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Medical Center of the Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - James L Rutkowski
- Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Robert Sader
- FORM-Lab, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Medical Center of the Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - C James Kirkpatrick
- FORM-Lab, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Medical Center of the Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Shahram Ghanaati
- FORM-Lab, Frankfurt Oral Regenerative Medicine, Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Medical Center of the Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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17
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Eslami-Kaliji F, Sarafbidabad M, Rajadas J, Mohammadi MR. Dendritic Cells as Targets for Biomaterial-Based Immunomodulation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:2726-2739. [PMID: 33463292 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Various subtypes of immunocytes react against implanted biomaterials to eliminate the foreign body object from the host's body. Among these cells, dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in early immune response, later engaging lymphocytes through antigens presentation. Due to their capability to induce tolerogenic or immunogenic responses, DCs have been considered as key therapeutic targets for immunomodulatory products. For instance, tolerogenic DCs are applied in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, rejection of allograft transplantation, and implanted biomaterial. Due to the emerging importance of DCs in immunomodulatory biomaterials, this Review summarizes DCs' responses-such as adhesion, migration, and maturation-to biomaterials. We also review some examples of key molecules and their applications in DCs' immunoengineering. These evaluations would pave the way for designing advanced biomaterials and nanomaterials to modulate the immune system, applicable in tissue engineering, transplantation, and drug delivery technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshid Eslami-Kaliji
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Mohsen Sarafbidabad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Jayakumar Rajadas
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States.,Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco School of Pharmacy, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - M Rezaa Mohammadi
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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18
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Mukherjee S, Darzi S, Paul K, Cousins FL, Werkmeister JA, Gargett CE. Electrospun Nanofiber Meshes With Endometrial MSCs Modulate Foreign Body Response by Increased Angiogenesis, Matrix Synthesis, and Anti-Inflammatory Gene Expression in Mice: Implication in Pelvic Floor. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:353. [PMID: 32265721 PMCID: PMC7107042 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Transvaginal meshes for the treatment of Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) have been associated with severe adverse events and have been banned for clinical use in many countries. We recently reported the design of degradable poly L-lactic acid-co-poly ε-caprolactone nanofibrous mesh (P nanomesh) bioengineered with endometrial mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (eMSC) for POP repair. We showed that such bioengineered meshes had high tissue integration as well as immunomodulatory effects in vivo. This study aimed to determine the key molecular players enabling eMSC-based foreign body response modulation. Methods SUSD2+ eMSC were purified from single cell suspensions obtained from endometrial biopsies from cycling women by magnetic bead sorting. Electrospun P nanomeshes with and without eMSC were implanted in a NSG mouse skin wound repair model for 1 and 6 weeks. Quantitative PCR was used to assess the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM), cell adhesion, angiogenesis and inflammation genes as log2 fold changes compared to sham controls. Histology and immunostaining were used to visualize the ECM, blood vessels, and multinucleated foreign body giant cells around implants. Results Bioengineered P nanomesh/eMSC constructs explanted after 6 weeks showed significant increase in 35 genes associated with ECM, ECM regulation, cell adhesion angiogenesis, and immune response in comparison to P nanomesh alone. In the absence of eMSC, acute inflammatory genes were significantly elevated at 1 week. However, in the presence of eMSC, there was an increased expression of anti-inflammatory genes including Mrc1 and Arg1 by 6 weeks. There was formation of multinucleated foreign body giant cells around both implants at 6 weeks that expressed CD206, a M2 macrophage marker. Conclusion This study reveals that eMSC modulate the foreign body response to degradable P nanomeshes in vivo by altering the expression profile of mouse genes. eMSC reduce acute inflammatory and increase ECM synthesis, angiogenesis and anti-inflammatory gene expression at 6 weeks while forming newly synthesized collagen within the nanomeshes and neo-vasculature in close proximity. From a tissue engineering perspective, this is a hallmark of a highly successful implant, suggesting significant potential as alternative surgical constructs for the treatment of POP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayanti Mukherjee
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Saeedeh Darzi
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Kallyanashis Paul
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Fiona L Cousins
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jerome A Werkmeister
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Caroline E Gargett
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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19
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Trout KL, Holian A. Factors influencing multinucleated giant cell formation in vitro. Immunobiology 2019; 224:834-842. [PMID: 31439452 PMCID: PMC6874761 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages fuse together to form multinucleated giant cells (MGC) in granulomas associated with various pathological conditions. Improved in vitro methods are required to better enable investigations of MGC biology and potential contribution to disease. There is a need for standardization of MGC quantification, purification of MGC populations, and characterization of how cell culture variables influence MGC formation. This study examined solutions to address these needs while providing context with other current and alternative methods. Primary mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages were treated with interleukin-4, a cytokine known to induce fusion into MGC. This model was used to systematically assess the influence of cell stimulant timing, cell seeding density, colony stimulating factors, and culture vessel type. Results indicated that MGC formation is greatly impacted by alterations in certain culture variables. An assessment of previously published research showed that these culture conditions varied widely between different laboratories, which may explain inconsistencies in the literature. A particularly novel and unexpected observation was that MGC formation appears to be greatly increased by silicone, which is a component of a chamber slide system commonly used for MGC studies. The most successful quantification method was fluorescent staining with semi-automated morphological evaluation. The most successful enrichment method was microfiltration. Overall, this study takes steps toward standardizing in vitro methods, enhancing replicability, and guiding investigators attempting to culture, quantify, and enrich MGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin L Trout
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States
| | - Andrij Holian
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, United States.
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20
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Lima AC, Ferreira H, Reis RL, Neves NM. Biodegradable polymers: an update on drug delivery in bone and cartilage diseases. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2019; 16:795-813. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2019.1635117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cláudia Lima
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Helena Ferreira
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno M. Neves
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal
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21
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22
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Mansour A, Abu-Nada L, Al-Waeli H, Mezour MA, Abdallah MN, Kinsella JM, Kort-Mascort J, Henderson JE, Ramirez-Garcialuna JL, Tran SD, Elkashty OA, Mousa A, El-Hadad AA, Taqi D, Al-Hamad F, Alageel O, Kaartinen MT, Tamimi F. Bone extracts immunomodulate and enhance the regenerative performance of dicalcium phosphates bioceramics. Acta Biomater 2019; 89:343-358. [PMID: 30853609 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Immunomodulation strategies are believed to improve the integration and clinical performance of synthetic bone substitutes. One potential approach is the modification of biomaterial surface chemistry to mimic bone extracellular matrix (ECM). In this sense, we hypothesized that coating synthetic dicalcium phosphate (DCP) bioceramics with bone ECM proteins would modulate the host immune reactions and improve their regenerative performance. To test this, we evaluated the in vitro proteomic surface interactions and the in vivo performance of ECM-coated bioceramic scaffolds. Our results demonstrated that coating DCP scaffolds with bone extracts, specifically those containing calcium-binding proteins, dramatically modulated their interaction with plasma proteins in vitro, especially those relating to the innate immune response. In vivo, we observed an attenuated inflammatory response against the bioceramic scaffolds and enhanced peri-scaffold new bone formation supported by the increased osteoblastogenesis and reduced osteoclastogenesis. Furthermore, the bone extract rich in calcium-binding proteins can be 3D-printed to produce customized hydrogels with improved regeneration capabilities. In summary, bone extracts containing calcium-binding proteins can enhance the integration of synthetic biomaterials and improve their ability to regenerate bone probably by modulating the host immune reaction. This finding helps understand how bone allografts regenerate bone and opens the door for new advances in tissue engineering and bone regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Foreign-body reaction is an important determinant of in vivo biomaterial integration, as an undesired host immune response can compromise the performance of an implanted biomaterial. For this reason, applying immunomodulation strategies to enhance biomaterial engraftment is of great interest in the field of regenerative medicine. In this article, we illustrated that coating dicalcium phosphate bioceramic scaffolds with bone-ECM extracts, especially those rich in calcium-binding proteins, is a promising approach to improve their surface proteomic interactions and modulate the immune responses towards such biomaterials in a way that improves their bone regeneration performance. Collectively, the results of this study may provide a conceivable explanation for the mechanisms involved in presenting the excellent regenerative efficacy of natural bone grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Mansour
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Lina Abu-Nada
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Haider Al-Waeli
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | | | | | - Joseph M Kinsella
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Jacqueline Kort-Mascort
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Janet E Henderson
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; The Bone Engineering Labs, Research Institute McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Jose Luis Ramirez-Garcialuna
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; The Bone Engineering Labs, Research Institute McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Simon D Tran
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Osama A Elkashty
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Aisha Mousa
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Amir A El-Hadad
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Doaa Taqi
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Faez Al-Hamad
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Omar Alageel
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Faleh Tamimi
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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23
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Witherel CE, Abebayehu D, Barker TH, Spiller KL. Macrophage and Fibroblast Interactions in Biomaterial-Mediated Fibrosis. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801451. [PMID: 30658015 PMCID: PMC6415913 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterial-mediated inflammation and fibrosis remain a prominent challenge in designing materials to support tissue repair and regeneration. Despite the many biomaterial technologies that have been designed to evade or suppress inflammation (i.e., delivery of anti-inflammatory drugs, hydrophobic coatings, etc.), many materials are still subject to a foreign body response, resulting in encapsulation of dense, scar-like extracellular matrix. The primary cells involved in biomaterial-mediated fibrosis are macrophages, which modulate inflammation, and fibroblasts, which primarily lay down new extracellular matrix. While macrophages and fibroblasts are implicated in driving biomaterial-mediated fibrosis, the signaling pathways and spatiotemporal crosstalk between these cell types remain loosely defined. In this review, the role of M1 and M2 macrophages (and soluble cues) involved in the fibrous encapsulation of biomaterials in vivo is investigated, with additional focus on fibroblast and macrophage crosstalk in vitro along with in vitro models to study the foreign body response. Lastly, several strategies that have been used to specifically modulate macrophage and fibroblast behavior in vitro and in vivo to control biomaterial-mediated fibrosis are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E. Witherel
- Drexel University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Daniel Abebayehu
- University of Virginia, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering & School of Medicine, 415 Lane Road, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Thomas H. Barker
- University of Virginia, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering & School of Medicine, 415 Lane Road, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Kara L. Spiller
- Drexel University, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA,
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24
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Rahmati M, Mozafari M. Biological Response to Carbon-Family Nanomaterials: Interactions at the Nano-Bio Interface. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:4. [PMID: 30729107 PMCID: PMC6351449 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last few decades, several studies have suggested that carbon-based nanomaterials, owing to their unique properties, could act as promising candidates in biomedical engineering application. Wide-ranging research efforts have investigated the cellular and molecular responses to carbon-based nanomaterials at the nano-bio interfaces. In addition, a number of surface functionalization strategies have been introduced to improve their safety profile in the biological environment. The present review discusses the general principles of immunological responses to nanomaterials. Then, it explains essential physico-chemical properties of carbon-familynanomaterials, including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, fullerene, carbon quantum dots (CDs), diamond-like carbon (DLC), and mesoporous carbon biomaterials (MCNs), which significantly affect the immunological cellular and molecular responses at the nano-bio interface. The discussions also briefly highlight the recent studies that critically investigated the cellular and molecular responses to various carbon-based nanomaterials. It is expected that the most recent perspective strategies for improving the biological responses to carbon-based nanomaterials can revolutionize their functions in emerging biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rahmati
- Bioengineering Research Group, Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department, Materials and Energy Research Center, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Bioengineering Research Group, Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department, Materials and Energy Research Center, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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25
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McKiel LA, Fitzpatrick LE. Toll-like Receptor 2-Dependent NF-κB/AP-1 Activation by Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns Adsorbed on Polymeric Surfaces. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:3792-3801. [PMID: 33429600 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The foreign body reaction is a chronic inflammatory response to an implanted biomaterial that ultimately leads to fibrous encapsulation of the implant. It is widely accepted that the host response to implanted biomaterials is largely dependent on the species and conformations of proteins adsorbed onto the material surface due to the adsorbate's role in mediating cellular interactions with the implanted material. While the cellular response to adsorbed serum-derived proteins has been studied extensively, the presence of endogenous, matrix- and cell-derived mediators of inflammation within the adsorbed protein layer and their impact on cell-material interactions is not well-understood. Damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are endogenous ligands released by stressed or damaged tissues to stimulate sterile inflammatory responses via Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and other pattern recognition receptors. The present study investigated the potential role of tissue-derived, pro-inflammatory stimuli in macrophage responses to biomaterials using cell lysate as a complex source of cell-derived DAMPs and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films as model biomaterials. We show that lysate-adsorbed PMMA and PDMS surfaces strongly induced NF-κB/AP-1 transcription factor activity and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in the RAW-Blue macrophage cell line compared to serum-adsorbed surfaces. Lysate-dependent NF-κB/AP-1 activation and cytokine expression were strongly attenuated by TLR2 neutralizing antibodies, while TLR4 inhibition resulted in a modest reduction. These data suggest that DAMPs, in their adsorbed conformations on material surfaces, may play a significant role in macrophage activation through TLR signaling, and that TLR pathways, particularly TLR2, merit further investigation as potential therapeutic targets to modulate host responses to implanted biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A McKiel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, 19 Division Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Lindsay E Fitzpatrick
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, 19 Division Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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26
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Rahmati M, Mozafari M. Biocompatibility of alumina‐based biomaterials–A review. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:3321-3335. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rahmati
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Bioengineering Research Group, Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC) Tehran Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Bioengineering Research Group, Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC) Tehran Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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27
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Al-Maawi S, Vorakulpipat C, Orlowska A, Zrnc TA, Sader RA, Kirkpatrick CJ, Ghanaati S. In vivo Implantation of a Bovine-Derived Collagen Membrane Leads to Changes in the Physiological Cellular Pattern of Wound Healing by the Induction of Multinucleated Giant Cells: An Adverse Reaction? Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:104. [PMID: 30155464 PMCID: PMC6102314 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the tissue response toward a resorbable collagen membrane derived from bovine achilles tendon (test group) in comparison to physiological wound healing (control group). After subcutaneous implantation in Wistar rats over 30 days, histochemical and immunohistochemical methods elucidated the cellular inflammatory response, vascularization pattern, membrane protein and cell absorbance capacity. After 30 days, the test-group induced two different inflammatory patterns. On the membrane surface, multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) were formed after the accumulation of CD-68-positive cells (macrophages), whereas only mononuclear cells (MNCs) were found within the membrane central region. Peri-implant vascularization was significantly enhanced after the formation of MNGCs. No vessels were found within the central region of the membrane. Physiological wound healing revealed no MNGCs at any time point. These dynamic changes in the cellular reaction and vascularization within the test-group are related typical indications of a foreign body reaction. Due to the membrane-specific porosity, mononuclear cells migrated into the central region, and the membrane maintained its integrity over 30 days by showing no breakdown or disintegration. The ex vivo investigation analyzed the interaction between the membrane and a blood concentrate system, liquid platelet-rich fibrin (liquid PRF), derived from human peripheral blood and consisting of platelets, leukocytes and fibrin. PRF penetrated the membrane after just 15 min. The data question the role of biomaterial-induced MNGCs as a pathological reaction and whether this is acceptable to trigger vascularization or should be considered as an adverse reaction. Therefore, further pre-clinical and clinical studies are needed to identify the types of MNGCs that are induced by clinically approved biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Al-Maawi
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Chakorn Vorakulpipat
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anna Orlowska
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tomislav A Zrnc
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Robert A Sader
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - C James Kirkpatrick
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Shahram Ghanaati
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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28
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Lucke S, Walschus U, Hoene A, Schnabelrauch M, Nebe JB, Finke B, Schlosser M. The
in vivo
inflammatory and foreign body giant cell response against different poly(
l
‐lactide‐co‐
d/l
‐lactide) implants is primarily determined by material morphology rather than surface chemistry. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:2726-2734. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silke Lucke
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity Medical Center Greifswald Ferdinand‐Sauerbruch‐Str D‐17475 Greifswald Germany
| | - Uwe Walschus
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity Medical Center Greifswald Ferdinand‐Sauerbruch‐Str D‐17475 Greifswald Germany
| | - Andreas Hoene
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Medical Center GreifswaldFerdinand‐Sauerbruch‐Str D‐17475 Greifswald Germany
| | | | - J. Barbara Nebe
- Department of Cell BiologyUniversity Medical Center Rostock Schillingallee 69 D‐18057 Rostock Germany
| | - Birgit Finke
- Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology D‐17489 Greifswald Germany
| | - Michael Schlosser
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity Medical Center Greifswald Ferdinand‐Sauerbruch‐Str D‐17475 Greifswald Germany
- Department of SurgeryUniversity Medical Center GreifswaldFerdinand‐Sauerbruch‐Str D‐17475 Greifswald Germany
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29
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Saleh LS, Bryant SJ. In Vitro and In Vivo Models for Assessing the Host Response to Biomaterials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 24:13-21. [PMID: 30479632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddmod.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The foreign body response (FBR) occurs ubiquitously to essentially all non-biological materials that are implanted into higher organisms. The FBR is characterized by inflammation followed by fibrosis and is mediated largely by macrophages. While many current medical devices tolerate the FBR, the FBR is responsible for many asceptic device failures and is hindering advancements of new devices that rely on device-host communication to function. To this end, in vitro and in vivo models are critical to studying how a biomaterial, via its chemistry and properties, affect the FBR. This short review highlights the main in vitro and in vivo models that are used to study the FBR. In vitro models that capture macrophage interrogation of a biomaterial and evaluation of macrophage attachment, polarization and fusion are described. In vivo models using rodents, which provide a relatively simple model of the complex FBR process, and human-relevant nonhuman primate models are described. Collectively, the combination of in vitro and in vivo models will help advance our fundmental understanding of the FBR and enable new biomaterials to be developed that can effectively modulate the FBR to achieve a desire device-host outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila S Saleh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Stephanie J Bryant
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO 80303, USA.,BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO 80303, USA.,Material Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
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30
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Abstract
Granulomas are organized aggregates of macrophages, often with characteristic morphological changes, and other immune cells. These evolutionarily ancient structures form in response to persistent particulate stimuli-infectious or noninfectious-that individual macrophages cannot eradicate. Granulomas evolved as protective responses to destroy or sequester particles but are frequently pathological in the context of foreign bodies, infections, and inflammatory diseases. We summarize recent findings that suggest that the granulomatous response unfolds in a stepwise program characterized by a series of macrophage activations and transformations that in turn recruit additional cells and produce structural changes. We explore why different granulomas vary and the reasons that granulomas are protective and pathogenic. Understanding the mechanisms and role of granuloma formation may uncover new therapies for the multitude of granulomatous diseases that constitute serious medical problems while enhancing the protective function of granulomas in infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Pagán
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; , .,MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - Lalita Ramakrishnan
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; , .,MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
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31
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Caires HR, Barros da Silva P, Barbosa MA, Almeida CR. A co-culture system with three different primary human cell populations reveals that biomaterials and MSC modulate macrophage-driven fibroblast recruitment. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e1433-e1440. [PMID: 28865088 DOI: 10.1002/term.2560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The biological response to implanted biomaterials is a complex and highly coordinated phenomenon involving many different cell types that interact within 3D microenvironments. Here, we increased the complexity of a 3D platform to include at least 3 cell types that play a role in the host response upon scaffold implantation. With this system, it was possible to address how immune responses triggered by 3D biomaterials mediate recruitment of stromal cells that promote tissue regeneration, mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC), or a foreign body response, fibroblasts. Primary human macrophages yielded the highest fibroblast recruitment when interacting with chitosan scaffolds but not polylactic acid. Interestingly, when there were MSC and fibroblasts in the same environment, macrophages in chitosan scaffolds again promoted a significant increase on fibroblast recruitment, but not of MSC. However, macrophages that were firstly allowed to interact with MSC within the scaffolds were no longer able to recruit fibroblasts. This study illustrates the potential to use different scaffolds to regulate the dynamics of recruitment of proregenerative or fibrotic cell types through immunomodulation. Overall, this work strengths the idea that ex vivo predictive systems need to consider the different players involved in the biological response to biomaterials and that timing of arrival of specific cell types will affect the outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo R Caires
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Barros da Silva
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário A Barbosa
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina R Almeida
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Medical Sciences and Institute for Biomedicine-iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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32
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Wend S, Kubesch A, Orlowska A, Al-Maawi S, Zender N, Dias A, Miron RJ, Sader R, Booms P, Kirkpatrick CJ, Choukroun J, Ghanaati S. Reduction of the relative centrifugal force influences cell number and growth factor release within injectable PRF-based matrices. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2017; 28:188. [PMID: 29071440 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-017-5992-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) is a blood concentrate system obtained by centrifugation of peripheral blood. First PRF matrices exhibited solid fibrin scaffold, more recently liquid PRF-based matrix was developed by reducing the relative centrifugation force and time. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the influence of RCF (relative centrifugal force) on cell types and growth factor release within injectable PRF- in the range of 60-966 g using consistent centrifugation time. Numbers of cells was analyzed using automated cell counting (platelets, leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes) and histomorphometrically (CD 61, CD- 45, CD-15+, CD-68+, CD-3+ and CD-20). ELISA was utilized to quantify the concentration of growth factors and cytokines including PDGF-BB, TGF-β1, EGF, VEGF and MMP-9. Leukocytes, neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes had significantly higher total cell numbers using lower RCF. Whereas, platelets in the low and medium RCF ranges both demonstrated significantly higher values when compared to the high RCF group. Histomorphometrical analysis showed a significantly high number of CD61+, CD-45+ and CD-15+ cells in the low RCF group whereas CD-68+, CD-3+ and CD-20+ demonstrated no statistically significant differences between all groups. Total growth factor release of PDGF-BB, TGF-β1 and EGF had similar values using low and medium RCF, which were both significantly higher than those in the high RCF group. VEGF and MMP-9 were significantly higher in the low RCF group compared to high RCF. These findings support the LSCC (low speed centrifugation concept), which confirms that improved PRF-based matrices may be generated through RCF reduction. The enhanced regenerative potential of PRF-based matrices makes them a potential source to serve as a natural drug delivery system. However, further pre-clinical and clinical studies are required to evaluate the regeneration capacity of this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Wend
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Alica Kubesch
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anna Orlowska
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sarah Al-Maawi
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Niklas Zender
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andre Dias
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
| | - Robert Sader
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Patrick Booms
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - C James Kirkpatrick
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Joseph Choukroun
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Pain Therapy Center, Nice, France
| | - Shahram Ghanaati
- Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, FORM (Frankfurt Orofacial Regenerative Medicine) Lab, University Hospital Frankfurt Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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33
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Lamichhane S, Anderson JA, Vierhout T, Remund T, Sun H, Kelly P. Polytetrafluoroethylene topographies determine the adhesion, activation, and foreign body giant cell formation of macrophages. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 105:2441-2450. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sujan Lamichhane
- Biomedical Engineering; The University of South Dakota; 4800 N. Career Avenue Sioux Falls South Dakota 57107
| | - Jordan A. Anderson
- Biomedical Engineering; The University of South Dakota; 4800 N. Career Avenue Sioux Falls South Dakota 57107
| | - Thomas Vierhout
- Biomedical Engineering; The University of South Dakota; 4800 N. Career Avenue Sioux Falls South Dakota 57107
| | - Tyler Remund
- Sanford Research; 2301 East 60 Street North Sioux Falls South Dakota 57104
| | - Hongli Sun
- Biomedical Engineering; The University of South Dakota; 4800 N. Career Avenue Sioux Falls South Dakota 57107
| | - Patrick Kelly
- Sanford Health; 1305 West 18 Street Sioux Falls South Dakota 57105
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34
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In vivo cellular reactions to different biomaterials—Physiological and pathological aspects and their consequences. Semin Immunol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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35
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Miron RJ, Zohdi H, Fujioka-Kobayashi M, Bosshardt DD. Giant cells around bone biomaterials: Osteoclasts or multi-nucleated giant cells? Acta Biomater 2016; 46:15-28. [PMID: 27667014 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recently accumulating evidence has put into question the role of large multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) around bone biomaterials. While cells derived from the monocyte/macrophage lineage are one of the first cell types in contact with implanted biomaterials, it was originally thought that specifically in bone tissues, all giant cells were bone-resorbing osteoclasts whereas foreign body giant cells (FBGCs) were found associated with a connective tissue foreign body reaction resulting in fibrous encapsulation and/or material rejection. Despite the great majority of bone grafting materials routinely found with large osteoclasts, a special subclass of bone biomaterials has more recently been found surrounded by large giant cells virtually incapable of resorbing bone grafts even years after their implantation. While original hypotheses believed that a 'foreign body reaction' may be taking place, histological data retrieved from human samples years after their implantation have put these original hypotheses into question by demonstrating better and more stable long-term bone volume around certain bone grafts. Exactly how or why this 'special' subclass of giant cells is capable of maintaining long-term bone volume, or methods to scientifically distinguish them from osteoclasts remains extremely poorly studied. The aim of this review article was to gather the current available literature on giant cell markers and differences in expression patterns between osteoclasts and MNGCs utilizing 19 specific markers including an array of CD-cell surface markers. Furthermore, the concept of now distinguishing between pro-inflammatory M1-MNGCs (previously referred to as FBGCs) as well as wound-healing M2-MNGCs is introduced and discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This review article presents 19 specific cell-surface markers to distinguish between osteoclasts and MNGCs including an array of CD-cell surface markers. Furthermore, the concept of now distinguishing between pro-inflammatory M1-MNGCs (often previously referred to as FBGCs) as well as wound-healing M2-MNGCs is introduced and discussed. The proposed concepts and guidelines aims to guide the next wave of research facilitating the differentiation between osteoclast/MNGCs formation, as well as provides the basis for increasing our understanding of the exact function of MNGCs in bone tissue/biomaterial homeostasis.
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36
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The impact of surface chemistry modification on macrophage polarisation. Immunobiology 2016; 221:1237-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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37
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Morishita K, Tatsukawa E, Shibata Y, Suehiro F, Kamitakahara M, Yokoi T, Ioku K, Umeda M, Nishimura M, Ikeda T. Diversity of multinucleated giant cells by microstructures of hydroxyapatite and plasma components in extraskeletal implantation model. Acta Biomater 2016; 39:180-191. [PMID: 27154501 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Foreign body giant cells (FBGCs) and osteoclasts are multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs), both of which are formed by the fusion of macrophage-derived mononuclear cells. Osteoclasts are distinct from FBGCs due to their bone resorption ability; however, not only morphological, but also functional similarities may exist between these cells. The characterization and diversity of FBGCs that appear in an in vivo foreign body reaction currently remain incomplete. In the present study, we investigated an in vivo foreign body reaction using an extraskeletal implantation model of hydroxyapatite (HA) with different microstructures. The implantation of HA granules in rat subcutaneous tissue induced a foreign body reaction that was accompanied by various MNGCs. HA granules composed of rod-shaped particles predominantly induced cathepsin K (CTSK)-positive FBGCs, whereas HA granules composed of globular-shaped particles predominantly induced CTSK-negative FBGCs. Plasma, which was used as the binder of ceramic granules, stimulated the induction of CTSK-positive FBGCs more strongly than purified fibrin. Furthermore, the implantation of HA composed of rod-shaped particles with plasma induced tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive MNGCs in contrast to HA composed of globular-shaped particles with purified fibrin, which predominantly induced CTSK-negative and TRAP-negative typical FBGCs. These results suggest that CTSK-positive, TRAP-positive, and CTSK- and TRAP-negative MNGCs are induced in this subcutaneous implantation model in a manner that is dependent on the microstructure of HA and presence or absence of plasma. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE We attempted to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the foreign body reaction induced by the implantation of hydroxyapatite granules with different microstructures in rat subcutaneous tissue with or without plasma components as the binder of ceramic granules. By analyzing the expression of two reliable osteoclast markers, we detected tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated giant cells, cathepsin K-positive multinucleated giant cells, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase- and cathepsin K-negative multinucleated giant cells. The induction of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive multinucleated giant cells was plasma component-dependent while the induction of cathepsin K-positive multinucleated giant cells was influenced by the microstructure of hydroxyapatite. This is the first study to show the conditions dividing the three kinds of multinucleated giant cells in the foreign body reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kota Morishita
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan; Department of Oral Pathology and Bone Metabolism, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Eri Tatsukawa
- Department of Oral Pathology and Bone Metabolism, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Shibata
- Department of Oral Pathology and Bone Metabolism, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Fumio Suehiro
- Department of Prosthodontics, Kagoshima University Graduate School, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Masanobu Kamitakahara
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-20 Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Taishi Yokoi
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-20 Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Koji Ioku
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Economics, Keio University, 4-4-1 Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8521, Japan
| | - Masahiro Umeda
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishimura
- Department of Prosthodontics, Kagoshima University Graduate School, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Tohru Ikeda
- Department of Oral Pathology and Bone Metabolism, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan.
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38
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Anderson JM. Future challenges in the in vitro and in vivo evaluation of biomaterial biocompatibility. Regen Biomater 2016; 3:73-7. [PMID: 27047672 PMCID: PMC4817327 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbw001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
As the science and engineering of biomaterials continues to expand with increased emphasis on the development of nanomaterials and tissue engineering scaffolds, emphasis also must be placed on appropriate and adequate approaches to the in vivo and in vitro evaluation of biomaterial biocompatibility/biological response evaluation. This article presents six topic areas that should be addressed by investigators as they move forward in the development of new systems for regenerative medicine. Most certainly, there are other areas that require attention to detail and a more complete understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of various experimental approaches to biomaterial/biological response evaluation. The small number of issues addressed in this article is only meant to bring to the attention of prospective investigators and authors, the importance of the development of adequate and appropriate evaluation techniques that address the unique features of biomaterials utilized in the development of new medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Anderson
- Case Western Reserve University, 2103 Cornell Road, WRB 5105, Cleveland, OH 44106-7288, USA
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39
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Suliman S, Sun Y, Pedersen TO, Xue Y, Nickel J, Waag T, Finne‐Wistrand A, Steinmüller‐Nethl D, Krueger A, Costea DE, Mustafa K. In Vivo Host Response and Degradation of Copolymer Scaffolds Functionalized with Nanodiamonds and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:730-42. [PMID: 26853449 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim is to evaluate the effect of modifying poly[(l-lactide)-co-(ε-caprolactone)] scaffolds (PLCL) with nanodiamonds (nDP) or with nDP+physisorbed BMP-2 (nDP+BMP-2) on in vivo host tissue response and degradation. The scaffolds are implanted subcutaneously in Balb/c mice and retrieved after 1, 8, and 27 weeks. Molecular weight analysis shows that modified scaffolds degrade faster than the unmodified. Gene analysis at week 1 shows highest expression of proinflammatory markers around nDP scaffolds; although the presence of inflammatory cells and foreign body giant cells is more prominent around the PLCL. Tissue regeneration markers are highly expressed in the nDP+BMP-2 scaffolds at week 8. A fibrous capsule is detectable by week 8, thinnest around nDP scaffolds and at week 27 thickest around PLCL scaffolds. mRNA levels of ALP, COL1α2, and ANGPT1 are significantly upregulating in the nDP+BMP-2 scaffolds at week 1 with ectopic bone seen at week 8. Even when almost 90% of the scaffold is degraded at week 27, nDP are observable at implantation areas without adverse effects. In conclusion, modifying PLCL scaffolds with nDP does not aggravate the host response and physisorbed BMP-2 delivery attenuates inflammation while lowering the dose of BMP-2 to a relatively safe and economical level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa Suliman
- Department of Clinical Dentistry Center for Clinical Dental Research University of Bergen 5009 Bergen Norway
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen 5020 Bergen Norway
- Center for International Health Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care University of Bergen 5009 Bergen Norway
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology 10044 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Torbjorn O. Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry Center for Clinical Dental Research University of Bergen 5009 Bergen Norway
| | - Ying Xue
- Department of Clinical Dentistry Center for Clinical Dental Research University of Bergen 5009 Bergen Norway
| | - Joachim Nickel
- Chair Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine University Hospital of Würzburg 97070 Würzburg Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, Translational Center “Regenerative Therapies for Oncology and Musculoskeletal Diseases”‐ Würzburg branch D‐97070 Würzburg Germany
| | - Thilo Waag
- Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Würzburg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Anna Finne‐Wistrand
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology KTH Royal Institute of Technology 10044 Stockholm Sweden
| | | | - Anke Krueger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Würzburg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Daniela E. Costea
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen 5020 Bergen Norway
- Center for International Health Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care University of Bergen 5009 Bergen Norway
- Department of Pathology Hauekeland University Hospital 5020 Bergen Norway
| | - Kamal Mustafa
- Department of Clinical Dentistry Center for Clinical Dental Research University of Bergen 5009 Bergen Norway
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40
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Miron RJ, Bosshardt DD. OsteoMacs: Key players around bone biomaterials. Biomaterials 2015; 82:1-19. [PMID: 26735169 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteal macrophages (OsteoMacs) are a special subtype of macrophage residing in bony tissues. Interesting findings from basic research have pointed to their vast and substantial roles in bone biology by demonstrating their key function in bone formation and remodeling. Despite these essential findings, much less information is available concerning their response to a variety of biomaterials used for bone regeneration with the majority of investigation primarily focused on their role during the foreign body reaction. With respect to biomaterials, it is well known that cells derived from the monocyte/macrophage lineage are one of the first cell types in contact with implanted biomaterials. Here they demonstrate extremely plastic phenotypes with the ability to differentiate towards classical M1 or M2 macrophages, or subsequently fuse into osteoclasts or multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs). These MNGCs have previously been characterized as foreign body giant cells and associated with biomaterial rejection, however more recently their phenotypes have been implicated with wound healing and tissue regeneration by studies demonstrating their expression of key M2 markers around biomaterials. With such contrasting hypotheses, it becomes essential to better understand their roles to improve the development of osteo-compatible and osteo-promotive biomaterials. This review article expresses the necessity to further study OsteoMacs and MNGCs to understand their function in bone biomaterial tissue integration including dental/orthopedic implants and bone grafting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Miron
- Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Dieter D Bosshardt
- Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
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41
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Barbeck M, Motta A, Migliaresi C, Sader R, Kirkpatrick CJ, Ghanaati S. Heterogeneity of biomaterial-induced multinucleated giant cells: Possible importance for the regeneration process? J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 104:413-8. [PMID: 26422451 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterial-associated multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs) have been found within the implantation beds of many different biomaterials. However, their exact differentiation and their involvement in the inflammatory and healing events of the foreign body response still remain mostly unclear. Silk fibroin (SF) scaffolds, which induces a tissue reaction involving both macrophages and BMGCs, was implanted in the subcutaneous connective tissue of four CD-1 mice for 15 days using an established subcutaneous implantation model. Analysis of macrophage polarization and BMGCs was performed by immunohistochemcial detection of pro- (cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), C-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CCR7), nuclear factor "kappa-light-chain-enhancer" (NF-κB)) and anti-(heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and mannose receptor (MR, also known as CD206)). Furthermore, histochemical detection of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) was conducted to test its predictive efficiency for the pro-inflammatory differentiation of cells. An established system for histomorphometrical analysis was used for counting of BMGCs expressing these molecules. The results show that BMGCs express both pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules within the implantation beds of SF scaffolds in comparable numbers, while only statistically significantly lower numbers of TRAP-positive BMGCs were measured in comparison to the BMGCs expressing the above-mentioned molecules. As these data substantiate the heterogeneity of BMGCs, the question arises to what extent BMGCs can "support" the process of tissue regeneration. Furthermore, the data prompt the question to what extent TRAP-expression within a biomaterial implantation bed can be seen as a predictive marker for an inflammatory condition, as in this study no obvious correlation between TRAP-expression and other pro-inflammatory markers could be observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Barbeck
- Clinic of Oro-Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, FORM-Lab, University Medical Center of the Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, REPAIR-Lab, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Antonella Motta
- Department of Materials Engineering and Industrial Technologies and BIOtech Research Centre, University of Trento, Trento, I-38050, Italy
| | - Claudio Migliaresi
- Department of Materials Engineering and Industrial Technologies and BIOtech Research Centre, University of Trento, Trento, I-38050, Italy
| | - Robert Sader
- Clinic of Oro-Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, FORM-Lab, University Medical Center of the Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Charles James Kirkpatrick
- Institute of Pathology, REPAIR-Lab, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Shahram Ghanaati
- Clinic of Oro-Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, FORM-Lab, University Medical Center of the Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, REPAIR-Lab, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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42
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Grasman JM, Zayas MJ, Page RL, Pins GD. Biomimetic scaffolds for regeneration of volumetric muscle loss in skeletal muscle injuries. Acta Biomater 2015. [PMID: 26219862 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle injuries typically result from traumatic incidents such as combat injuries where soft-tissue extremity injuries are present in one of four cases. Further, about 4.5 million reconstructive surgical procedures are performed annually as a result of car accidents, cancer ablation, or cosmetic procedures. These combat- and trauma-induced skeletal muscle injuries are characterized by volumetric muscle loss (VML), which significantly reduces the functionality of the injured muscle. While skeletal muscle has an innate repair mechanism, it is unable to compensate for VML injuries because large amounts of tissue including connective tissue and basement membrane are removed or destroyed. This results in a significant need to develop off-the-shelf biomimetic scaffolds to direct skeletal muscle regeneration. Here, the structure and organization of native skeletal muscle tissue is described in order to reveal clear design parameters that are necessary for scaffolds to mimic in order to successfully regenerate muscular tissue. We review the literature with respect to the materials and methodologies used to develop scaffolds for skeletal muscle tissue regeneration as well as the limitations of these materials. We further discuss the variety of cell sources and different injury models to provide some context for the multiple approaches used to evaluate these scaffold materials. Recent findings are highlighted to address the state of the field and directions are outlined for future strategies, both in scaffold design and in the use of different injury models to evaluate these materials, for regenerating functional skeletal muscle. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Volumetric muscle loss (VML) injuries result from traumatic incidents such as those presented from combat missions, where soft-tissue extremity injuries are represented in one of four cases. These injuries remove or destroy large amounts of skeletal muscle including the basement membrane and connective tissue, removing the structural, mechanical, and biochemical cues that usually direct its repair. This results in a significant need to develop off-the-shelf biomimetic scaffolds to direct skeletal muscle regeneration. In this review, we examine current strategies for the development of scaffold materials designed for skeletal muscle regeneration, highlighting advances and limitations associated with these methodologies. Finally, we identify future approaches to enhance skeletal muscle regeneration.
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43
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ten Harkel B, Schoenmaker T, Picavet DI, Davison NL, de Vries TJ, Everts V. The Foreign Body Giant Cell Cannot Resorb Bone, But Dissolves Hydroxyapatite Like Osteoclasts. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139564. [PMID: 26426806 PMCID: PMC4591016 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Foreign body multinucleated giant cells (FBGCs) and osteoclasts share several characteristics, like a common myeloid precursor cell, multinuclearity, expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAcP) and dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP). However, there is an important difference: osteoclasts form and reside in the vicinity of bone, while FBGCs form only under pathological conditions or at the surface of foreign materials, like medical implants. Despite similarities, an important distinction between these cell types is that osteoclasts can resorb bone, but it is unknown whether FBGCs are capable of such an activity. To investigate this, we differentiated FBGCs and osteoclasts in vitro from their common CD14+ monocyte precursor cells, using different sets of cytokines. Both cell types were cultured on bovine bone slices and analyzed for typical osteoclast features, such as bone resorption, presence of actin rings, formation of a ruffled border, and characteristic gene expression over time. Additionally, both cell types were cultured on a biomimetic hydroxyapatite coating to discriminate between bone resorption and mineral dissolution independent of organic matrix proteolysis. Both cell types differentiated into multinucleated cells on bone, but FBGCs were larger and had a higher number of nuclei compared to osteoclasts. FBGCs were not able to resorb bone, yet they were able to dissolve the mineral fraction of bone at the surface. Remarkably, FBGCs also expressed actin rings, podosome belts and sealing zones--cytoskeletal organization that is considered to be osteoclast-specific. However, they did not form a ruffled border. At the gene expression level, FBGCs and osteoclasts expressed similar levels of mRNAs that are associated with the dissolution of mineral (e.g., anion exchange protein 2 (AE2), carbonic anhydrase 2 (CAII), chloride channel 7 (CIC7), and vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (v-ATPase)), in contrast the matrix degrading enzyme cathepsin K, which was hardly expressed by FBGCs. Functionally, the latter cells were able to dissolve a biomimetic hydroxyapatite coating in vitro, which was blocked by inhibiting v-ATPase enzyme activity. These results show that FBGCs have the capacity to dissolve the mineral phase of bone, similar to osteoclasts. However, they are not able to digest the matrix fraction of bone, likely due to the lack of a ruffled border and cathepsin K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bas ten Harkel
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), MOVE Research Institute, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Ton Schoenmaker
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), MOVE Research Institute, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daisy I. Picavet
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Center for Advanced Microscopy, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Noel L. Davison
- MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Xpand Biotechnology BV, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Teun J. de Vries
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), MOVE Research Institute, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Everts
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), MOVE Research Institute, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Chamaon K, Barber H, Awiszus F, Feuerstein B, Lohmann CH. Expression of CD11c in periprosthetic tissues from failed total hip arthroplasties. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 104:136-44. [PMID: 26255872 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we characterize integrin CD11c (αXß2) expression in periprosthetic tissues of 45 hip revisions. Tissues were retrieved from 23 ceramic-on-ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), 20 metal-on-UHMWPE, and 2 metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasties (THAs). Capsular tissue retrieved during primary THA from 19 patients served as controls. We identified a system to identify important immunohistochemical markers that are expressed in aseptic loosening. We focused on CD11c, CD68 and CD14. We observed that the CD11c molecule possesses four different cellular patterns in the periprosthetic tissues. Three of them are associated with the occurrence of UHMWPE abrasive material. Double staining with CD14 and CD68 was used for a more detailed analysis of the CD11c expressing cells. We observed that all forms of CD11c positive cells are CD68 positive however, only two forms of CD11c expressing cells are positive for CD14. Providing cellular diversity of CD11c expression in periprosthetic tissue, our results provide a contribution toward the further understanding of different cellular mechanisms to foreign body material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Chamaon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
| | - Henriette Barber
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
| | - Friedemann Awiszus
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
| | - Bernd Feuerstein
- Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Magdeburg-Stendal University of Applied Science, Magdeburg, 39114, Germany
| | - Christoph H Lohmann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany
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45
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Rostam HM, Singh S, Vrana NE, Alexander MR, Ghaemmaghami AM. Impact of surface chemistry and topography on the function of antigen presenting cells. Biomater Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4bm00375f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The impact of biomaterial surface topography and chemistry on antigen presenting cells’ phenotype and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. M. Rostam
- Immunology and Tissue Modelling Group
- School of Life Science
- University of Nottingham
- Queen's Medical Centre
- Nottingham
| | - S. Singh
- Immunology and Tissue Modelling Group
- School of Life Science
- University of Nottingham
- Queen's Medical Centre
- Nottingham
| | - N. E. Vrana
- Université de Strasbourg
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire
- France
- Protip SAS
- Strasbourg
| | - M. R. Alexander
- Interface and Surface Analysis Centre
- School of Pharmacy
- University of Nottingham
- UK
| | - A. M. Ghaemmaghami
- Immunology and Tissue Modelling Group
- School of Life Science
- University of Nottingham
- Queen's Medical Centre
- Nottingham
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