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Mirjalili F, Mahmoodi M, Khazali S. Characterization and in vitro bioactivity evaluation of polyvinyl alcohol incorporated electro spun chitosan/ fluor apatite nanofibrous scaffold for bone tissue engineering. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 150:106322. [PMID: 38142568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan/fluor apatite scaffolds with different concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol of 0.075 g ml-1 and 0.1 g ml-1, respectively named A and B fabricated by electrospinning method to use in tissue engineering. By examining the scaffolds by FE-SEM, an appetite layer formation which was on the scaffold surface was clearly observable. Increasing the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol from 0.075 g ml-1 to 0.1 g ml-1 in the nanofibrous scaffolds improved degradation characteristic with an optimized value of 26 ± 2 and 42 ± 1 % after 28 days, respectively. The mean diameter of fibers both scaffolds was 405 nm and 212 nm, respectively. Furthermore, the percentage of porosity in both scaffolds was calculated as 84% and 91%, separately. The level of hydrophilicity of the scaffolds was measured by the dynamic contact angle method. Moreover, the increase in the percentage of polyvinyl alcohol led to the decrease in the average contact angle in scaffold A and scaffold B from 90° to 70°, respectively. The results of bone marrow culture test with MG-63 (NCBI C555) cell on the surface of scaffolds demonstrated not cytotoxicity in the resulting scaffolds as well as a suitable substrate for the adhesion and growth of the cells. According to our findings, the electrospun fluorapatite-incorporated-chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol scaffold could provide a new nanocomposite for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mirjalili
- Department of Material Engineering, Maybod Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maybod, Iran.
| | - Mahboobeh Mahmoodi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran; Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shiva Khazali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran
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2
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Shubha A, Sharmita G, Anita L. Production and characterization of human hair keratin bioplastic films with novel plasticizers. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1186. [PMID: 38216577 PMCID: PMC10786936 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44905-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Since their invention, conventional plastics have contributed in the betterment of the society in numerous ways, nevertheless their deleterious impacts on the natural ecosystems and living creatures is irrefutable. The management of plastic waste generated is a concern worldwide and therefore quest for the plastic alternates or bioplastics is imminent. Here, we explore the suitability of keratin from human hair waste as the candidate for the production of bioplastic films. Keratin extracted from hair was used to form the films or 'kertics' by solution casting and curing. Ethanediol, di-ethylene glycol and tri-ethylene glycol were used as novel plasticizers along with glycerol in the keratin film formation. The film prepared were of the thickness 190-220 µm with the area of about 4.54 ± 0.2 cm2. Water uptake by G100, ED100, DEG100 and TEG100 films was recorded to be 4.8, 6.2, 4.9 and 6.3% respectively. FESEM analysis revealed that the films with 100 µl of 1% glycerol (G100) had continuous surface morphology except few pits of 0.1 µm, also DEG100 and TEG100 films have the most uniform surface morphology with no evident pits, holes or bulges. X-ray diffractogram showed characteristic peak of keratin at 19.5° and the d-spacing value observed was 0.45 nm. The FTIR studies suggested that the films retained keratin in non degraded form, and possessed the characteristic Amide peaks. The films were also found to be biodegradable in studies involving keratinophilic fungal strain of A. oryzae. These films could found potential applications in packaging industry, disposable items manufacturing and biomaterial generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Shubha
- Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, 282005, India
| | - Gupta Sharmita
- Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, 282005, India.
| | - Lakhani Anita
- Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, 282005, India
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3
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Tettey F, Saudi S, Davies D, Shrestha S, Johnson K, Fialkova S, Subedi K, Bastakoti BP, Sankar J, Desai S, Bhattarai N. Fabrication and Characterization of Zn Particle Incorporated Fibrous Scaffolds for Potential Application in Tissue Healing and Regeneration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:48913-48929. [PMID: 37847523 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) metal and its alloys have received a lot of interest in biomedical applications due to their biodegradability, biocompatibility, antimicrobial activity, and ability to stimulate tissue regeneration. Bulk Zn has been successfully utilized in a variety of implant applications, most notably as bioabsorbable cardiac stents and orthopedic fixation devices, where it provides adequate mechanical properties while also releasing helpful Zn ions (Zn2+) during degradation. Such beneficial ions are dose-dependent and, when released in excess, can induce cellular toxicity. In this study, we hypothesize that embedding Zn metal particles into a polymer nanofibrous scaffold will enable control of the degradation and time release of the Zn2+. We designed and fabricated two polymer scaffolds, polycaprolactone (PCL) and polycaprolactone-chitosan (PCL-CH). Each scaffold had an increasing amount of Zn. Several physicochemical properties such as fiber morphology, crystallinity, mechanical strength, hydrophilicity, degradation and release of Zn2+, thermal properties, chemical compositions, and so forth were characterized and compared with the PCL fibrous scaffold. The biological properties of the scaffolds were evaluated in vitro utilizing direct and indirect cytotoxicity assays and cell viability. All the data show that the addition of Zn changed various physical properties of the PCL and PCL-CH scaffolds except their chemical structure. Further investigation reveals that the PCL-CH scaffolds degrade the Zn particles relatively faster than the PCL because the presence of the hydrophilic CH influences the faster release of Zn2+ in cell culture conditions as compared to the PCL fibrous scaffold. The combined advantages of CH and Zn in the PCL scaffold enriched 3T3 fibroblast cells' survival and proliferation except the ones with the higher concentration of Zn particles. These new composite scaffolds are promising and can be further considered for tissue healing and regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Tettey
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, United States
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, United States
- Center of Excellence in Product Design and Advanced Manufacturing, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, United States
| | - Sheikh Saudi
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, United States
| | - Dekonti Davies
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, United States
| | - Sita Shrestha
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, United States
| | - Kalene Johnson
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, United States
| | - Svitlana Fialkova
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, United States
| | - Kiran Subedi
- College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, United States
| | - Bishnu P Bastakoti
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, United States
- Center of Excellence in Product Design and Advanced Manufacturing, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, United States
| | - Jagannathan Sankar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, United States
- Center of Excellence in Product Design and Advanced Manufacturing, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, United States
| | - Salil Desai
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, United States
- Center of Excellence in Product Design and Advanced Manufacturing, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, United States
| | - Narayan Bhattarai
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, United States
- Center of Excellence in Product Design and Advanced Manufacturing, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, United States
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4
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Saudi S, Jun S, Fialkova S, Surendran V, Chandrasekaran A, Bhattarai SR, Sankar J, Bhattarai N. Incorporating nanoconfined chitin-fibrils in poly (ε-caprolactone) membrane scaffolds improves mechanical and chemical properties for biomedical application. J Biomed Mater Res A 2023; 111:1185-1199. [PMID: 36708250 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Engineered composite scaffolds composed of natural and synthetic polymers exhibit cooperation at the molecular level that closely mimics tissue extracellular matrix's (ECM) physical and chemical characteristics. However, due to the lack of smooth intermix capability of natural and synthetic materials in the solution phase, bio-inspired composite material development has been quite challenged. In this research, we introduced new bio-inspired material blending techniques to fabricate nanofibrous composite scaffolds of chitin nanofibrils (CNF), a natural hydrophilic biomaterial and poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL), a synthetic hydrophobic-biopolymer. CNF was first prepared by acid hydrolysis technique and dispersed in trifluoroethanol (TFE); and second, PCL was dissolved in TFE and mixed with the chitin solution in different ratios. Electrospinning and spin-coating technology were used to form nanofibrous mesh and films, respectively. Physicochemical properties, such as mechanical strength, and cellular compatibility, and structural parameters, such as morphology, and crystallinity, were determined. Toward the potential use of this composite materials as a support membrane in blood-brain barrier application (BBB), human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured, and transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) was measured. Experimental results of the composite materials with PCL/CNF ratios from 100/00 to 25/75 showed good uniformity in fiber morphology and suitable mechanical properties. They retained the excellent ECM-like properties that mimic synthetic-bio-interface that has potential application in biomedical fields, particularly tissue engineering and BBB applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Saudi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sunghyun Jun
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Svitlana Fialkova
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Vikram Surendran
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Arvind Chandrasekaran
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shanta R Bhattarai
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jagannathan Sankar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Narayan Bhattarai
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Bioengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
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Ghafari F, Karbasi S, Eslaminejad MB, Sayahpour FA, Kalantari N. Biological evaluation and osteogenic potential of polyhydroxybutyrate-keratin/Al 2O 3 electrospun nanocomposite scaffold: A novel bone regeneration construct. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124602. [PMID: 37141963 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of alumina nanowire on the physical and biological properties of polyhydroxybutyrate-keratin (PHB-K) electrospun scaffold was investigated. First, PHB-K/alumina nanowire nanocomposite scaffolds were made with an optimal concentration of 3 wt% alumina nanowire by using the electrospinning method. The samples were examined in terms of morphology, porosity, tensile strength, contact angle, biodegradability, bioactivity, cell viability, ALP activity, mineralization ability, and gene expression. The nanocomposite scaffold provided a porosity of >80 % and a tensile strength of about 6.72 Mpa, which were noticeable for an electrospun scaffold. AFM images showed an increase in the surface roughness with the presence of alumina nanowires. This led to an improvement in the degradation rate and bioactivity of PHB-K/alumina nanowire scaffolds. The viability of mesenchymal cells, alkaline phosphatase secretion, and mineralization significantly increased with the presence of alumina nanowire compared to PHB and PHB-K scaffolds. In addition, the expression level of collagen I, osteocalcin, and RUNX2 genes in nanocomposite scaffolds increased significantly compared to other groups. In general, this nanocomposite scaffold could be a novel and interesting construct for osteogenic induction in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshte Ghafari
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Advanced Medical Technologies, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Karbasi
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, School of Advance Technology in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Advanced Medical Technologies, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Stem Cells and Departmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Forough Azam Sayahpour
- Department of Stem Cells and Departmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Kalantari
- Department of Stem Cells and Departmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Bayanmunkh O, Baatar B, Tserendulam N, Boldbaatar K, Radnaabazar C, Khishigjargal T, Norov E, Jambaldorj B. Fabrication of Wet-Spun Wool Keratin/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hybrid Fibers: Effects of Keratin Concentration and Flow Rate. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:12327-12333. [PMID: 37033852 PMCID: PMC10077447 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Sheep wool is one of the most common wastes derived from agriculture and also a great source of keratin. In this study, chemical reduction and alkali hydrolysis methods of extracting keratin from wool were studied for the purpose of reusing the waste wool, and the products were used to fabricate wet-spun hybrid fibers by mixing with PVA. The comparative yield of the two extraction methods was investigated, and the optimal precursor concentration ratio for keratin extraction was identified. The effects of keratin concentration and wet-spinning flow rate on the mechanical properties of fabricated fibers were studied. Therefore, this study encourages the further investigation of wool keratin-based hybrid biomaterials, which could provide a new way to reuse waste wool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyunkhorol Bayanmunkh
- Center
of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological
Engineering and Applied Science, National
University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14200, Mongolia
| | - Boldbaatar Baatar
- Center
of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological
Engineering and Applied Science, National
University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14200, Mongolia
| | - Nomin Tserendulam
- Center
of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological
Engineering and Applied Science, National
University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14200, Mongolia
| | - Khongorzul Boldbaatar
- Center
of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological
Engineering and Applied Science, National
University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14200, Mongolia
- Leather
Study Department, Research and Development Institute of Light Industry, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, Ulaanbaatar 14191, Mongolia
| | - Chinzorig Radnaabazar
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Applied Science, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14200, Mongolia
| | - Tegshjargal Khishigjargal
- Center
of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological
Engineering and Applied Science, National
University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14200, Mongolia
| | - Erdene Norov
- Center
of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological
Engineering and Applied Science, National
University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14200, Mongolia
| | - Boldbaatar Jambaldorj
- Center
of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological
Engineering and Applied Science, National
University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14200, Mongolia
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7
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N’Gatta KM, Belaid H, El Hayek J, Assanvo EF, Kajdan M, Masquelez N, Boa D, Cavaillès V, Bechelany M, Salameh C. 3D printing of cellulose nanocrystals based composites to build robust biomimetic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21244. [PMID: 36482172 PMCID: PMC9732347 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25652-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are drawing increasing attention in the fields of biomedicine and healthcare owing to their durability, biocompatibility, biodegradability and excellent mechanical properties. Herein, we fabricated using fused deposition modelling technology 3D composite scaffolds from polylactic acid (PLA) and CNC extracted from Ficus thonningii. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the printed scaffolds exhibit interconnected pores with an estimated average pore size of approximately 400 µm. Incorporating 3% (w/w) of CNC into the composite improved PLA mechanical properties (Young's modulus increased by ~ 30%) and wettability (water contact angle decreased by ~ 17%). The mineralization process of printed scaffolds using simulated body fluid was validated and nucleation of hydroxyapatite confirmed. Additionally, cytocompatibility tests revealed that PLA and CNC-based PLA scaffolds are non-toxic and compatible with bone cells. Our design, based on rapid 3D printing of PLA/CNC composites, combines the ability to control the architecture and provide improved mechanical and biological properties of the scaffolds, which opens perspectives for applications in bone tissue engineering and in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanga Marius N’Gatta
- grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier, France ,grid.452889.a0000 0004 0450 4820Laboratoire de Thermodynamique et de Physico-Chimie du Milieu, UFR SFA, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Habib Belaid
- grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier, France ,grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université Montpellier, 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Joelle El Hayek
- grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Edja Florentin Assanvo
- grid.452889.a0000 0004 0450 4820Laboratoire de Thermodynamique et de Physico-Chimie du Milieu, UFR SFA, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Marilyn Kajdan
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université Montpellier, 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Nathalie Masquelez
- grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - David Boa
- grid.452889.a0000 0004 0450 4820Laboratoire de Thermodynamique et de Physico-Chimie du Milieu, UFR SFA, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801, Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Vincent Cavaillès
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université Montpellier, 34298 Montpellier, France
| | - Mikhael Bechelany
- grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Chrystelle Salameh
- grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Univ Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
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Sah MK, Mukherjee S, Flora B, Malek N, Rath SN. Advancement in "Garbage In Biomaterials Out (GIBO)" concept to develop biomaterials from agricultural waste for tissue engineering and biomedical applications. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2022; 20:1015-1033. [PMID: 36406592 PMCID: PMC9672289 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-022-00815-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Presently on a global scale, one of the major concerns is to find effective strategies to manage the agricultural waste to protect the environment. One strategy that has been drawing attention among the researchers is the development of biocompatible materials from agricultural waste. This strategy implies successful conversion of agricultural waste products (e.g.: cellulose, eggshell etc.) into building blocks for biomaterial development. Some of these wastes contain even bioactive compounds having biomedical applications. The replacement and augmentation of human tissue with biomaterials as alternative to traditional method not only bypasses immune-rejection, donor scarcity, and maintenance; but also provides long term solution to damaged or malfunctioning organs. Biomaterials development as one of the key challenges in tissue engineering approach, resourced from natural origin imparts better biocompatibility due to closely mimicking composition with cellular microenvironment. The "Garbage In, Biomaterials Out (GIBO)" concept, not only recycles the agricultural wastes, but also adds to biomaterial raw products for further product development in tissue regeneration. This paper reviews the conversion of garbage agricultural by-products to the biocompatible materials for various biomedical applications. Graphical abstract The agro-waste biomass processed, purified, modified, and further utilized for the fabrication of biomaterials-based support system for tissue engineering applications to grow living body parts in vitro or in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Kumar Sah
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab 144011 India
| | - Sunny Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, Punjab 144011 India
| | - Bableen Flora
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab India
| | - Naved Malek
- Department of Chemistry, S. V. National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat India
| | - Subha Narayan Rath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Medak, Telangana India
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Nano/micro-formulations of keratin in biocomposites, wound healing and drug delivery systems; recent advances in biomedical applications. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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10
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Sarrami P, Karbasi S, Farahbakhsh Z, Bigham A, Rafienia M. Fabrication and characterization of novel polyhydroxybutyrate-keratin/nanohydroxyapatite electrospun fibers for bone tissue engineering applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:1368-1389. [PMID: 36116596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The role of scaffolds in bone regeneration is of great importance. Here, the electrospun scaffolds of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate)-keratin (PHB-K)/nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) with different morphologies (long nanorods (HAR) and very short nanorods (HAP)) and weight percentages (up to 10 w/w%) of nHA were fabricated and characterized. The fibers integrity, the porosity of above 80%, and increase in pore size up to 16 μm were observed by adding nHA. The nanofibers crystallinity increased by 13.5 and 22.8% after the addition of HAR and HAP, respectively. The scaffolds contact angle decreased by almost 20° and 40° after adding 2.5 w/w% HAR and HAP, respectively. The tensile strength of the scaffolds increased from 2.99 ± 0.3 MPa for PHB-K to 6.44 ± 0.16 and 9.27 ± 0.04 MPa for the scaffolds containing 2.5 w/w% HAR and HAP, respectively. After immersing the scaffolds into simulated body fluid (SBF), the Ca concentration decreased by 55% for HAR- and 73% for HAP-containing scaffolds, showing the bioactivity of nHA-containing scaffolds. The results of cell attachment, proliferation, and viability of MG-63 cells cultured on the nanocomposites showed the positive effects of nHA. The results indicate that the nanocomposite scaffolds, especially HAP-containing ones, can be suitable for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooriya Sarrami
- Department of Biomaterials, Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saeed Karbasi
- Department of Biomaterials, Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zohreh Farahbakhsh
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ashkan Bigham
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Viale J.F. Kennedy 54 - Mostra d'Oltremare pad. 20, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Mohammad Rafienia
- Biosensor Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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11
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Jaisankar E, Azarudeen RS, Thirumarimurugan M. A Study on the Effect of Nanoscale MgO and Hydrogen Bonding in Nanofiber Mats for the Controlled Drug Release along with In Vitro Breast Cancer Cell Line and Antimicrobial Studies. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:4327-4341. [PMID: 36062471 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nanosized metal oxide-incorporated drug carriers have received significant attention due to their biocompatibility, mechanical strength, controlled drug release, and biodegradability. Herein, an attempt was made to fabricate polycaprolactone-based electrospun nanofiber mats involving the 5-fluorouracil (5Fu) drug, MgO nanoparticle, methyl cellulose, and polyethylene glycol. The chemical interactions, surface wettability, mechanical properties, structural and morphological changes, and thermal stability were studied by the respective analyses. The ionic interaction between 5Fu, MgO, and polymers were found to be responsible for the controlled drug release. Zero-order kinetic and model data also revealed that a controlled drug release pattern was observed in a period of 16 days. Furthermore, the nanofiber mats were subjected to cytotoxicity studies against MDA-MB-231 cancer cell line and the results showed higher cytotoxicity in a short time of 24 h and less toxicity to normal L929 fibroblast cell line. The apoptosis in cancer cell lines was also tested by AO/PI staining assay and confirmed by fluorescence microscopy. In addition, the growth inhibition of several bacterial and fungal strains was tested for the mats and the results exhibited good inhibition activity. Hence, the reported nanofiber drug carrier was found to be an efficient implant for the controlled release of anticancer drug along with other significant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edumpan Jaisankar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore 641 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raja Sulaiman Azarudeen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore 641 014, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Chemistry, Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore 641 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Marimuthu Thirumarimurugan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore 641 014, Tamil Nadu, India
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Mirhaj M, Labbaf S, Tavakoli M, Seifalian A. An Overview on the Recent Advances in the Treatment of Infected Wounds: Antibacterial Wound Dressings. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200014. [PMID: 35421269 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A wound can be surgical, cuts from an operation or due to accident and trauma. The infected wound, as a result of bacteria growth within the damaged skin, interrupts the natural wound healing process and significantly impacts the quality of life. Wound dressing is an important segment of the skincare industry with its economic burden estimated at $ 20.4 billion (in 2021) in the global market. The results of recent clinical trials suggest that the use of modern dressings can be the easiest, most accessible, and most cost-effective way to treat chronic wounds and, hence, holds significant promise. With the sheer number of dressings in the market, the selection of correct dressing is confusing for clinicians and healthcare workers. The aim of this research was to review widely used types of antibacterial wound dressings, as well as emerging products, for their efficiency and mode of action. In this review, we focus on introducing antibiotics and antibacterial nanoparticles as two important and clinically widely used categories of antibacterial agents. The perspectives and challenges for paving the way for future research in this field are also discussed. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Mirhaj
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sheyda Labbaf
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohamadreza Tavakoli
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amelia Seifalian
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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13
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Qin C, Gao H, Liu X, Li X, Xie Y, Bai Y, Nie Y. The dissolution of human hair using ionic liquids through COSMO-RS predication and experimental verification. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Sun L, Li S, Yang K, Wang J, Li Z, Dan N. Polycaprolactone strengthening keratin/bioactive glass composite scaffolds with double cross-linking networks for potential application in bone repair. JOURNAL OF LEATHER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s42825-021-00077-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn this study, we aimed at constructing polycaprolactone (PCL) reinforced keratin/bioactive glass composite scaffolds with a double cross-linking network structure for potential bone repair application. Thus, the PCL-keratin-BG composite scaffold was prepared by using keratin extracted from wool as main organic component and bioactive glass (BG) as main inorganic component, through both cross-linking systems, such as the thiol-ene click reaction between abundant sulfhydryl groups of keratin and the unsaturated double bond of 3-methacryloxy propyltrimethoxy silane (MPTS), and the amino-epoxy reaction between amino groups of keratin and the epoxy group in (3-glycidoxymethyl) methyldiethoxysilane (GPTMS) molecule, along with introduction of PCL as a reinforcing agent. The success of the thiol-ene reaction was verified by the FTIR and 1H-NMR analyses. And the structure of keratin-BG and PCL-keratin-BG composite scaffolds were studied and compared by the FTIR and XRD characterization, which indicated the successful preparation of the PCL-keratin-BG composite scaffold. In addition, the SEM observation, and contact angle and water absorption rate measurements demonstrated that the PCL-keratin-BG composite scaffold has interconnected porous structure, appropriate pore size and good hydrophilicity, which is helpful to cell adhesion, differentiation and proliferation. Importantly, compression experiments showed that, when compared with the keratin-BG composite scaffold, the PCL-keratin-BG composite scaffold increased greatly from 0.91 ± 0.06 MPa and 7.25 ± 1.7 MPa to 1.58 ± 0.21 MPa and 14.14 ± 1.95 MPa, respectively, which suggesting the strong reinforcement of polycaprolactone. In addition, the biomineralization experiment and MTT assay indicated that the PCL-keratin-BG scaffold has good mineralization ability and no-cytotoxicity, which can promote cell adhesion, proliferation and growth. Therefore, the results suggested that the PCL-keratin-BG composite scaffold has the potential as a candidate for application in bone regeneration field.
Graphical Abstract
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Mirhaj M, Tavakoli M, Varshosaz J, Labbaf S, Jafarpour F, Ahmaditabar P, Salehi S, Kazemi N. Platelet rich fibrin containing nanofibrous dressing for wound healing application: Fabrication, characterization and biological evaluations. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 134:112541. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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16
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Abudihani M, Yu Y, Wang Q, Miao L. Preparation of Mg/PCL electrospun membranes and preliminary study. BIOINSPIRED BIOMIMETIC AND NANOBIOMATERIALS 2021. [DOI: 10.1680/jbibn.21.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) metal and its alloy degradation product magnesium ion (Mg2+) can stimulate the metabolic activity of bone cells, which is beneficial to bone growth and healing. With biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) and magnesium particles as raw materials, electrospinning technology is used to prepare electrospun membrane materials doped with magnesium particles. Meanwhile, the scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction analysis technology and microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine are adopted to analyze the physical and chemical properties of the material. The biocompatibility of electrospun membranes and their potential to induce osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) were evaluated by in vitro cell experiments. The results showed that magnesium/PCL electrospun membranes doped with magnesium particles were successfully prepared with electrospinning technology, and the material has a good porous structure. Magnesium/PCL electrospun membranes have good biocompatibility and have the potential to induce osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs. Among them, the effects of 10% magnesium/PCL electrospun membranes were the most obvious. Clinically, these materials provide new ideas for the restoration of alveolar bone defects and provide an experimental basis for the realization of alveolar bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maheshati Abudihani
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yijun Yu
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Leiying Miao
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Guidotti G, Soccio M, Bondi E, Posati T, Sotgiu G, Zamboni R, Torreggiani A, Corticelli F, Lotti N, Aluigi A. Effects of the Blending Ratio on the Design of Keratin/Poly(butylene succinate) Nanofibers for Drug Delivery Applications. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081194. [PMID: 34439860 PMCID: PMC8392087 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years there has been a growing interest in the use of proteins as biocompatible and environmentally friendly biomolecules for the design of wound healing and drug delivery systems. Keratin is a fascinating protein, obtainable from several keratinous biomasses such as wool, hair or nails, with intrinsic bioactive properties including stimulatory effects on wound repair and excellent carrier capability. In this work keratin/poly(butylene succinate) blend solutions with functional properties tunable by manipulating the polymer blending ratios were prepared by using 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol as common solvent. Afterwards, these solutions doped with rhodamine B (RhB), were electrospun into blend mats and the drug release mechanism and kinetics as a function of blend composition was studied, in order to understand the potential of such membranes as drug delivery systems. The electrophoresis analysis carried out on keratin revealed that the solvent used does not degrade the protein. Moreover, all the blend solutions showed a non-Newtonian behavior, among which the Keratin/PBS 70/30 and 30/70 ones showed an amplified orientation ability of the polymer chains when subjected to a shear stress. Therefore, the resulting nanofibers showed thinner mean diameters and narrower diameter distributions compared to the Keratin/PBS 50/50 blend solution. The thermal stability and the mechanical properties of the blend electrospun mats improved by increasing the PBS content. Finally, the RhB release rate increased by increasing the keratin content of the mats and the drug diffused as drug-protein complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Guidotti
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (G.G.); (M.S.); (E.B.)
| | - Michelina Soccio
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (G.G.); (M.S.); (E.B.)
| | - Edoardo Bondi
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (G.G.); (M.S.); (E.B.)
| | - Tamara Posati
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, Italian National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (T.P.); (G.S.); (R.Z.); (A.T.)
| | - Giovanna Sotgiu
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, Italian National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (T.P.); (G.S.); (R.Z.); (A.T.)
- Kerline srl, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Zamboni
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, Italian National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (T.P.); (G.S.); (R.Z.); (A.T.)
| | - Armida Torreggiani
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, Italian National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (T.P.); (G.S.); (R.Z.); (A.T.)
| | - Franco Corticelli
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Nadia Lotti
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy; (G.G.); (M.S.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence: (N.L.); (A.A.)
| | - Annalisa Aluigi
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, Italian National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (T.P.); (G.S.); (R.Z.); (A.T.)
- Kerline srl, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (N.L.); (A.A.)
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Development of a Multi-Layer Skin Substitute Using Human Hair Keratinic Extract-Based Hybrid 3D Printing. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13162584. [PMID: 34451127 PMCID: PMC8401121 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-sized or deep skin wounds require skin substitutes for proper healing without scar formation. Therefore, multi-layered skin substitutes that mimic the genuine skin anatomy of multiple layers have attracted attention as suitable skin substitutes. In this study, a novel skin substitute was developed by combining the multi-layer skin tissue reconstruction method with the combination of a human-derived keratinic extract-loaded nano- and micro-fiber using electrospinning and a support structure using 3D printing. A polycaprolactone PCL/keratin electrospun scaffold showed better cell adhesion and proliferation than the keratin-free PCL scaffold, and keratinocytes and fibroblasts showed better survival, adhesion, and proliferation in the PCL/keratin electrospun nanofiber scaffold and microfiber scaffold, respectively. In a co-culture of keratinocytes and fibroblasts using a multi-layered scaffold, the two cells formed the epidermis and dermal layer on the PCL/keratin scaffold without territorial invasion. In the animal study, the PCL/keratin scaffold caused a faster regeneration of new skin without scar formation compared to the PCL scaffold. Our study showed that PCL/keratin scaffolds co-cultured with keratinocytes and fibroblasts promoted the regeneration of the epidermal and dermal layers in deep skin defects. Such finding suggests a new possibility for artificial skin production using multiple cells.
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Ranjbar-Mohammadi M, Shakoori P, Arab-Bafrani Z. Design and characterization of keratin/PVA-PLA nanofibers containing hybrids of nanofibrillated chitosan/ZnO nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 187:554-565. [PMID: 34333003 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, designing electrospun composite nanofibers containing poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and keratin/poly (vinyl alcohol) (K/PVA) as the major components and natural nanofibrillated chitosan (CHNF)/ZnO nanoparticles (ZnONPs) (CSZ) combination as the nanofiller ingredient, has been investigated. PLA solution from one syringe and K/PVA from another one with incorporation of CHNF (CS), CSZ (2:1), (1:1) and (1:2) were electrospun and produced nanofibers were formed on the rotating collector. Addition of CHNF and ZnONPs amounts in CSZ combination resulted in reduction of the diameter of nanofibers. The highest hydrophilicity was reported for K/PVA/CS-PLA/CS sample with the contact angle of about 43 ± 3°. AFM results for K/PVA-PLA, K/PVA/CS-PLA/CS and K/PVA/CSZ(2:1)-PLA/CSZ(2:1), K/PVA/CSZ(1:2)-PLA/CSZ(1:2) samples indicated that the surface roughness factor for these nanofibers was about 708, 277, 378 and 658 nm, respectively. DSC analysis for K/PVA/CSZ(1:2)-PLA/CSZ(1:2) structure exhibited that the peaks related to the melting points of PLA and PVA shifted to higher temperatures. Overally, K/PVA/CSZ(2:1)-PLA/CSZ(2:1) nanofiber with diameter of 352.50 ± 31 nm, contact angle of 48 ± 3°, tensile strength of 0.96 ± 0.18 MPa is suggested as a proper wound healing scaffold that has highest antibacterial as well as potential to increase cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Parinaz Shakoori
- Textile Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Bonab, Bonab, Iran
| | - Zahra Arab-Bafrani
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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Rastegar A, Mahmoodi M, Mirjalili M, Nasirizadeh N. Platelet-rich fibrin-loaded PCL/chitosan core-shell fibers scaffold for enhanced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 269:118351. [PMID: 34294355 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Here, we fabricated the platelet-rich fibrin (PRF)-loaded PCL/chitosan (PCL/CS-PRF) core-shell nanofibrous scaffold through a coaxial electrospinning method. Our goal was to evaluate the effect of CS-RPF in the core layer of the nanofibrous on the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (HMSCs). The elastic modulus of PCL/CS-PRF core-shell scaffold (44 MPa) was about 1.5-fold of PCL/CS scaffold (25 MPa). The specific surface area of the scaffolds increased from 9.98 m2/g for PCL/CS scaffold to 16.66 m2/g for the PCL/CS-PRF core-shell nanofibrous scaffold. Moreover, the release rate of PRF from PCL/CS-PRF nanofibrous scaffold was measured to be 24.50% after 10 days which showed slow and sustained release of PRF from the nanofibrous. The formation of Ca-P on the surface of scaffold immersed in simulated body fluid solution indicated the suitable osteoconductivity of PCL/CS-PRF core-shell nanofibrous scaffold. Also, the value of ALP activity and calcium deposited on the surface of PCL/CS-PRF core-shell nanofibrous scaffold were 81.97 U/L and 40.33 μg/scaffold, respectively after 14 days, which confirmed the significantly higher amounts of ALP and calcium deposition on the scaffold containing PRF compared to PCL/CS scaffold. Due to higher hydrophilicity and porosity of PCL/CS-PRF core-shell nanofibrous scaffold compared to PCL/CS scaffold, a better bone cell growth on surface of PCL/CS-PRF scaffold was observed. The Alizarin red-positive area was significantly higher on PCL/CS-PRF scaffold compared to PCL/CS scaffold, indicating more calcium deposition and osteogenic differentiation of HMSCs in the presence of PRF. Our findings demonstrate that PCL/CS-PRF core-shell scaffolds can provide a strong construct with improved osteogenic for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirabbas Rastegar
- Department of Textile Engineering, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Mahmoodi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Mirjalili
- Department of Textile Engineering, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Navid Nasirizadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran
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Kim K, Kloxin CJ, Saven JG, Pochan DJ. Nanofibers Produced by Electrospinning of Ultrarigid Polymer Rods Made from Designed Peptide Bundlemers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:26339-26351. [PMID: 34029045 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mimicking the hierarchical assembly of natural fiber materials is an important design challenge in the manufacturing of nanostructured materials with biomolecules such as peptides. Here, we produce nanofibers with control of structure over multiple length scales, ranging from peptide molecule assembly into supramolecular building blocks called "bundlemers," to rigid-rod formation through a covalent connection of bundlemer building blocks, and, ultimately, to uniaxially oriented fibers made with the rigid-rod polymers. The peptides are designed to physically assemble into coiled-coil bundles, or bundlemers, and to covalently interact in an end-to-end fashion to produce the rigid-rod polymer. The resultant rodlike polymer exhibits a rigid, cylindrical nanostructure confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and, correspondingly, exhibits shear-thinning behavior at low shear rates observed in many nanoscopic rod systems. The rigid-rod chains are further organized into final fiber materials via electrospinning processing, all the while preserving their unique rodlike structural characteristics. Morphological and structural investigations of the nanofibers through scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray scattering, as well as molecular characterization via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy, show that continuous nanofibers are composed of oriented rigid-rod chains constituted by α-helical peptides within bundle building blocks. Mechanical properties of electrospun fibers are also presented. The ability to produce nanofibers from the oriented rigid-rod polymer reveals bundlemer chains as a viable tool for the development of new fiber materials with targeted structure and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghee Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Christopher J Kloxin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Jeffery G Saven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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22
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Bio-plastic Films Production from Feather Waste Degradation by Keratinolytic Bacteria Bacillus cereus. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.15.2.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plastic materials have become a necessity of human life especially in the packaging of food commodities and biomedical procedures. Bioplastic is emerging as an effective alternative to fossil oil-based materials to avoid the environmental hazards of the plastic industry. During this study, chicken feathers were used as a substrate to isolate keratin degrading bacteria. Among 14 identified isolates, Bacillus sp BAM3 was found to be the most promising isolate. Partial 16S rDNA analysis-based molecular characterization revealed it is a strain of Bacillus cereus. Bacillus sp BAM3 can grow and produce keratinase in feathers containing basal medium as the sole carbon and energy source. The maximum keratinase production (730U/ml) was achieved within 24 h under optimum reaction conditions. The optimized reaction pH and temperature were noted as 9.0 and 50 °C for crude keratinase activity, respectively. The chicken feathers were used as a substrate in 2, 5, and 10 wt% glycerol to synthesize keratin-based bioplastic with keratinolytic bacterium Bacillus cereus BAM3. Bioplastic prepared from keratin with 2% of glycerol was found to possess good mechanical properties. Therefore, the results present a novel keratinolytic isolate of Bacillus cereus BAM3, which may have potential biotechnological applications in keratin hydrolysis processes. The development of keratin-based bioplastics possessing superior crystalline morphology requires further investigations to substitute fossil oil-based materials.
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Coaxial and emulsion electrospinning of extracted hyaluronic acid and keratin based nanofibers for wound healing applications. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Saudi S, Bhattarai SR, Adhikari U, Khanal S, Sankar J, Aravamudhan S, Bhattarai N. Nanonet-nano fiber electrospun mesh of PCL-chitosan for controlled and extended release of diclofenac sodium. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:23556-23569. [PMID: 33135713 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05968d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electrospun nanofiber (EN) technology has been used in the past to generate electrostatically charged multilayer-nanofibers. This platform offers versatile applications including in tissue engineering, drug delivery, wound dressings, and high-efficiency particulate air filters. In this study, we synthesized for the first time nanonet-nanofiber electrospun meshes (NNEMs) of polycaprolactone (PCL)-chitosan (CH) using EN technology. The fabricated NNEMs were utilized for high payload delivery and controlled release of a water-soluble drug. Diclofenac Sodium (DS), a hydrophilic anti-inflammatory drug, was selected as a model drug because of its high aqueous solubility and poor compatibility with insoluble polymers. Various compositions of DS drug-loaded NNEMs (DS-NNEMs) were synthesized. The physicochemical properties such as structure, morphology, and aqueous stability and the chemical properties of DS-NNEMs were evaluated. High drug entrapment efficiency and concentration-dependent drug release patterns were investigated for up to 14 days. Furthermore, the biocompatibility of the DS-NNEMs was tested with NIH 3T3 cells. The physicochemical characterization results showed that the DS drug is a key contributing factor in the generation of nanonet-nanofiber networks during electrospinning. DS-NNEMs also enhanced 3T3 cell adhesion, viability, and proliferation in the nanonet-nano fiber network through the controlled release of DS. The presented EN technology-based biodegradable NNEM material is not only limited for the controlled release of hydrophilic anti-inflammatory drugs, but also can be a suitable platform for loading and release of antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Saudi
- Department of Nanoengineering, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA
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Deng X, Gould M, Ali MA. Fabrication and characterisation of melt-extruded chitosan/keratin/PCL/PEG drug-eluting sutures designed for wound healing. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 120:111696. [PMID: 33545855 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac potassium loaded sutures based upon PEG/PCL/chitosan-keratin blends were fabricated using the hot-melt extrusion technique. Polymer sutures were evaluated based on their physical, thermal and mechanical properties, while the drug-eluting sutures were evaluated for drug release properties. Lastly, the performance of the drug-loaded sutures in the contact with the human keratinocyte cell line HaCat were assessed. Results showed that the sutures extruded homogeneously at a temperature of 63 ± 1 °C providing a uniform thickness of fibres. Analysis by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) showed that completely amorphous and miscible solid dispersions were created. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated that the presence of hydrogen bonds between the polymers improved material miscibility. Tensile properties of the sutures were clearly affected by the PEG, chitosan and keratin additions. The optimal formulation of tensile strength was obtained when PCL/PEG/chitosan-keratin were combined at a ratio of 80/19/1 w/w. Rapid and sustained drug release rates were achieved with the PEG/PCL/chitosan/keratin blends at various combinations. The composite of PCL/PEG/chitosan-keratin with 30 wt% of diclofenac potassium also exhibited high cell viability and wound healing rates in vitro cytotoxicity testing. The anti-inflammatory properties imparted by the PCL/PEG/chitosan/keratin/drug sutures may further the use of composite sutures for wound healing in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Deng
- Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine (Dunedin), Department of Food Science, Division of Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Maree Gould
- Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine (Dunedin), Department of Food Science, Division of Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - M Azam Ali
- Centre for Bioengineering & Nanomedicine (Dunedin), Department of Food Science, Division of Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Li L, Zhang Y, Ren X. Preparation of antibacterial biocompatible polycaprolactone/keratin nanofibrous mats by electrospinning. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐textiles of Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu China
| | - Yingfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐textiles of Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐textiles of Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐textiles of Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu China
| | - Xuehong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Eco‐textiles of Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu China
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Feroz S, Muhammad N, Ranayake J, Dias G. Keratin - Based materials for biomedical applications. Bioact Mater 2020; 5:496-509. [PMID: 32322760 PMCID: PMC7171262 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratin constitutes the major component of the feather, hair, hooves, horns, and wool represents a group of biological material having high cysteine content (7-13%) as compared to other structural proteins. Keratin -based biomaterials have been investigated extensively over the past few decades due to their intrinsic biological properties and excellent biocompatibility. Unlike other natural polymers such as starch, collagen, chitosan, the complex three-dimensional structure of keratin requires the use of harsh chemical conditions for their dissolution and extraction. The most commonly used methods for keratin extraction are oxidation, reduction, steam explosion, microbial method, microwave irradiation and use of ionic liquids. Keratin -based materials have been used extensively for various biomedical applications such as drug delivery, wound healing, tissue engineering. This review covers the structure, properties, history of keratin research, methods of extraction and some recent advancements related to the use of keratin derived biomaterials in the form of a 3-D scaffold, films, fibers, and hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandleen Feroz
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences University of Otago, Otago, 9016, New Zealand
| | - Nawshad Muhammad
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
| | - Jithendra Ranayake
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences University of Otago, Otago, 9016, New Zealand
| | - George Dias
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences University of Otago, Otago, 9016, New Zealand
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Suarato G, Contardi M, Perotto G, Heredia-Guerrero JA, Fiorentini F, Ceseracciu L, Pignatelli C, Debellis D, Bertorelli R, Athanassiou A. From fabric to tissue: Recovered wool keratin/polyvinylpyrrolidone biocomposite fibers as artificial scaffold platform. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 116:111151. [PMID: 32806258 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Keratin extracted from wool fibers has recently gained attention as an abundant source of renewable, biocompatible material for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. However, keratin extraction and processing generally require a copious use of chemicals, not only bearing consequences for the environment but also possibly compromising the envisioned biological outcome. In this study, we present, for the first time, keratin-PVP biocomposite fibers obtained via an all-water co-electrospinning process and explored their properties modulation as a result of different thermal crosslinking treatments. The protein-based fibers featured homogenous morphologies and average diameters in the range of 170-290 nm. The thermomechanical stability and response to a wet environment can be tuned by acting on the curing time; this can be achieved without affecting the 3D fibrous network nor the intrinsic hydrophilic behavior of the material. More interestingly, our protein-based membranes treated at 170 °C for 18 h successfully sustained the attachment and growth of primary human dermal fibroblasts, a cellular model which can recapitulate more faithfully the physiological human tissue conditions. Our proposed approach can be viewed as pivotal in designing tunable protein-based scaffolds for the next generation of skin tissue growth devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Suarato
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, Genova 16163, Italy; Translational Pharmacology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, Genova 16163, Italy.
| | - Marco Contardi
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Giovanni Perotto
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Jose' A Heredia-Guerrero
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, Genova 16163, Italy; IHSM La Mayora, Departamento de Mejora Genética y Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, E-29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain
| | - Fabrizio Fiorentini
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Luca Ceseracciu
- Materials Characterization Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Cataldo Pignatelli
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Doriana Debellis
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Rosalia Bertorelli
- Translational Pharmacology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego, 30, Genova 16163, Italy
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Chatterjee A, Nagarajan H, Padmanabhan P, Vetrivel U, Therese KL, Janakiraman N. Understanding the Uptake Mechanism and Interaction Potential of the Designed Peptide and Preparation of Composite Fiber Matrix for Fungal Keratitis. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:12090-12102. [PMID: 32548388 PMCID: PMC7271034 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The conventional use of antibiotics for the treatment of infectious keratitis currently faces two major challenges: poor drug penetration and the emergence of antibiotic resistance in microbial strains. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) with antimicrobial properties have the potential to address these challenges. However, their mode of action, mechanism of uptake, and interaction potential have not been explored in detail. In this study, we probed the mechanism of uptake and interaction potential of our previously designed peptides (VRF005 and VRF007). Our results showed that VRF005 undergoes direct translocation and induces a rough membrane surface, whereas VRF007 undergoes clathrin-mediated endocytic uptake. The gel shift assay showed that VRF005 is bound to genomic DNA, whereas VRF007 is bound to chitin and β-d-glucan. Gene expression studies revealed the effect of peptide VRF005 on Candida albicans transcription. Molecular docking and simulations showed that VRF005 forms noncovalent interactions (such as H-bonding and water bridges) with natamycin. It exhibited synergistic antifungal activity in the colony-forming assay. VRF005, functionalized in the polycaprolactone fiber matrix, showed sustained delivery and antifungal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Chatterjee
- Department
of Nanobiotechnology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
- School
of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Tanjore 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hemavathy Nagarajan
- Centre
for Bioinformatics, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prema Padmanabhan
- Department
of Cornea, Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Umashankar Vetrivel
- Centre
for Bioinformatics, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kulandhai Lily Therese
- L&T
Microbiology Research Centre, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Narayanan Janakiraman
- Department
of Nanobiotechnology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
- .
Tel: +91-44-28271616 (ext. 1358). Fax: +91-44-28254180
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Hedegaard CL, Mata A. Integrating self-assembly and biofabrication for the development of structures with enhanced complexity and hierarchical control. Biofabrication 2020; 12:032002. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ab84cb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Naderi P, Zarei M, Karbasi S, Salehi H. Evaluation of the effects of keratin on physical, mechanical and biological properties of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) electrospun scaffold: Potential application in bone tissue engineering. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Keratinous materials: Structures and functions in biomedical applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 110:110612. [PMID: 32204061 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Keratins are a family of fibrous proteins anticipated to possess wide-ranging biomedical applications due to their abundance, physicochemical properties and intrinsic biological activity. This review mainly focuses on the biomaterials derived from three major sources of keratins; namely human hair, wool and feather, that have effective applications in tissue engineering, wound healing and drug delivery. This article offers five viewpoints regarding keratin i) an introduction to keratin protein extraction and keratin-based scaffold fabrication methods ii) applications in nerve and bone tissue engineering iii) a review on the keratin dressings applied to different types of wounds to facilitate wound healing and thereby repair the skin iv) the utilization of keratinous materials as a carrier system for therapeutics with a controlled manner v) a discussion regarding the main challenges for using keratin in biomedical applications as well as its future prospects.
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Chen IC, Yu J. Human Hair: Scaffold Materials for Regenerative Medicine. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1249:223-229. [PMID: 32602100 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-3258-0_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This chapter reviews the studies of keratin-based biomaterials in the past and discusses the advancement of it in recent years. Keratin, as a protein-based biopolymer, possesses excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. In addition, keratin has abundant disulfide bonds, which result in its unique and tough structure. However, the property also results in dissolubility, which causes difficult process ability. Over the past years, much research utilizes different methodologies to extract keratins. Different kinds of extraction methods affect the characteristics of keratins and give a wide variety of application forms. The features of different methods are discussed and summarized in the following.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Chun Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Jiashing Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Donato RK, Mija A. Keratin Associations with Synthetic, Biosynthetic and Natural Polymers: An Extensive Review. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 12:E32. [PMID: 31878054 PMCID: PMC7023547 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the biopolymers from animal sources, keratin is one the most abundant, with a major contribution from side stream products from cattle, ovine and poultry industry, offering many opportunities to produce cost-effective and sustainable advanced materials. Although many reviews have discussed the application of keratin in polymer-based biomaterials, little attention has been paid to its potential in association with other polymer matrices. Thus, herein, we present an extensive literature review summarizing keratin's compatibility with other synthetic, biosynthetic and natural polymers, and its effect on the materials' final properties in a myriad of applications. First, we revise the historical context of keratin use, describe its structure, chemical toolset and methods of extraction, overview and differentiate keratins obtained from different sources, highlight the main areas where keratin associations have been applied, and describe the possibilities offered by its chemical toolset. Finally, we contextualize keratin's potential for addressing current issues in materials sciences, focusing on the effect of keratin when associated to other polymers' matrices from biomedical to engineering applications, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo K. Donato
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Institute of Chemistry of Nice, UMR CNRS 7272, Université Côte d’Azur, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice CEDEX 2, France
| | - Alice Mija
- Institute of Chemistry of Nice, UMR CNRS 7272, Université Côte d’Azur, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice CEDEX 2, France
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Adhikari U, An X, Rijal N, Hopkins T, Khanal S, Chavez T, Tatu R, Sankar J, Little KJ, Hom DB, Bhattarai N, Pixley SK. Embedding magnesium metallic particles in polycaprolactone nanofiber mesh improves applicability for biomedical applications. Acta Biomater 2019; 98:215-234. [PMID: 31059833 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) metal is of great interest in biomedical applications, especially in tissue engineering. Mg exhibits excellent in vivo biocompatibility, biodegradability and, during degradation, releases Mg ions (Mg2+) with the potential to improve tissue repair. We used electrospinning technology to incorporate Mg particles into nanofibers. Various ratios of Mg metal microparticles (<44 µm diameter) were incorporated into nanofiber polycaprolactone (PCL) meshes. Physicochemical properties of the meshes were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), mechanical tensile testing, X-ray diffractometry and UV-VIS spectrophotometry. Biological properties of meshes were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Under mammalian cell culture conditions, Mg-containing meshes released hydrogen gas and relative amounts of free Mg2+ that reflected the Mg/PCL ratios. All meshes were non-cytotoxic for 3T3 fibroblasts and PC-12 pheochromocytoma cells. In vivo implantation under the skin of mice for 3, 8 and 28 days showed that Mg-containing meshes were well vascularized, with improved measures of inflammation and healing compared to meshes without Mg. Evidence included an earlier appearance and infiltration of tissue repairing macrophages and, after 28 days, evidence of more mature tissue remodeling. Thus, these new composite nanofiber meshes have promising material properties that mitigated inflammatory tissue responses to PCL alone and improved tissue healing, thus providing a suitable matrix for use in clinically relevant tissue engineering applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The biodegradable metal, magnesium, safely biodegrades in the body, releasing beneficial byproducts. To improve tissue delivery, magnesium metal particles were incorporated into electrospun nanofiber meshes composed of a biodegradable, biocompatible polymer, polycaprolactone (PCL). Magnesium addition, at several concentrations, did not alter PCL chemistry, but did alter physical properties. Under cell culture conditions, meshes released magnesium ions and hydrogen gas and were not cytotoxic for two cell types. After implantation in mice, the mesh with magnesium resulted in earlier appearance of M2-like, reparative macrophages and improved tissue healing versus mesh alone. This is in agreement with other studies showing beneficial effects of magnesium metal and provides a new type of scaffold material that will be useful in clinically relevant tissue engineering applications.
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Preparation of Ag Doped Keratin/PA6 Nanofiber Membrane with Enhanced Air Filtration and Antimicrobial Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11091511. [PMID: 31527547 PMCID: PMC6780504 DOI: 10.3390/polym11091511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Coarse wool is a kind of goat wool that is difficult to further process in the textile industry due to its large diameter, dispersion, better strength, and less bending. Therefore, coarse wool is often discarded as waste or made into low-cost products. In this work, keratin was extracted from coarse wool by a high-efficiency method, and then, an Ag-doped keratin/PA6 composite nanofiber membrane with enhanced filtration and antibacterial performance was prepared using HCOOH as solvent and reductant. HAADF-STEM (high-angle annular dark field-scanning transmission electron microscopy) shows that AgNPs are uniformly distributed in keratin/PA6 (30/70) nanofibers. TGA (Thermogravimetric Analysis) and DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) were employed to investigate the thermal stability of composite membranes with different keratin and AgNP contents. The present keratin as a dopant with polyamide-6 (PA6) was found not only to improve air filtration efficiency but also to enhance water–vapour transmission (WVT). The addition of the Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) gave a strong antibacterial activity to the composite membrane against Staphylococcus aureus (99.62%) and Escherichia coli (99.10%). Bacterial filtration efficiency (BFE) of the composite membrane against S. aureus and E. coli were up to 96.8% and 95.6%, respectively. All of the results suggested a great potential for coarse wool extraction and application in the air filtration field.
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Zarei M, Tanideh N, Zare S, Aslani FS, Koohi-Hosseinabadi O, Rowshanghias A, Pourjavaheri F, Mehryar P, Muthuraj R. Electrospun poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/chicken feather-derived keratin scaffolds: Fabrication, in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluation. J Biomater Appl 2019; 34:741-752. [PMID: 31488016 DOI: 10.1177/0885328219873090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moein Zarei
- Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nader Tanideh
- Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Zare
- Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sari Aslani
- Department of Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Aida Rowshanghias
- Shiraz Institute for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Pouyan Mehryar
- Institute of Design, Robotics and Optimisation, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Türker E, Yildiz ÜH, Arslan Yildiz A. Biomimetic hybrid scaffold consisting of co-electrospun collagen and PLLCL for 3D cell culture. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 139:1054-1062. [PMID: 31404597 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Electrospun collagen is commonly used as a scaffold in tissue engineering applications since it mimics the content and morphology of native extracellular matrix (ECM) well. This report describes "toxic solvent free" fabrication of electrospun hybrid scaffold consisting of Collagen (Col) and Poly(l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLLCL) for three-dimensional (3D) cell culture. Biomimetic hybrid scaffold was fabricated via co-spinning approach where simultaneous electrospinning of PLLCL and Collagen was mediated by polymer sacrificing agent Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Acidified aqueous solution of PVP was used to solubilize collagen without using toxic solvents for electrospinning, and then PVP was readily removed by rinsing in water. Mechanical characterizations, protein adsorption, as well as biodegradation analysis have been conducted to investigate feasibility of biomimetic hybrid scaffold for 3D cell culture applications. Electrospun biomimetic hybrid scaffold, which has 3D-network structure with 300-450 nm fiber diameters, was found to be maximizing cell adhesion through assisting NIH 3T3 mouse fibroblast cells. 3D cell culture studies confirmed that presence of collagen in biomimetic hybrid scaffold have created a major impact on cell proliferation compared to conventional 2D systems on long-term, also cell viability increased with the increasing amount of collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Türker
- Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology (IzTech), 35430 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ümit Hakan Yildiz
- Department of Chemistry, Izmir Institute of Technology (IzTech), 35430 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ahu Arslan Yildiz
- Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology (IzTech), 35430 Izmir, Turkey.
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Nejaddehbashi F, Hashemitabar M, Bayati V, Moghimipour E, Movaffagh J, Orazizadeh M, Abbaspour MR. Incorporation of Silver Sulfadiazine into An Electrospun Composite of Polycaprolactone as An Antibacterial Scaffold for Wound Healing in Rats. CELL JOURNAL 2019; 21:379-390. [PMID: 31376319 PMCID: PMC6722444 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective Fabrication of an antibiotic-loaded scaffold with controlled release properties for wound dressing is one of
tissue engineering challenges. The aim of this study was to evaluate the wound-healing effectiveness of 500-µm thick
polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibrous mat containing silver sulfadiazine (SSD) as an antibacterial agent.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, an electrospun membrane of PCL nanofibrous mat containing 0.3%
weight SSD with 500 µm thickness, was prepared. Morphological and thermomechanical characteristics of nanofibers
were evaluated. Drug content and drug release properties as well as the surface hydrophobicity of the nanofibrous
membrane were determined. Antimicrobial properties and cellular viability of the scaffold were also examined. A full
thickness wound of 400 mm2 was created in rats, to evaluate the wound-healing effects of PCL/SSD blend in comparison
with PCL and vaseline gas used as the control group.
Results SSD at a concentration of 0.3% improved physicochemical properties of PCL. This concentration of SSD did
not inhibit the attachment of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) to nanofibers in vitro, but showed antibacterial activity
against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (ST) and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PS). Overall,
results showed that SSD improves characteristics of PCL nanofibrous film and improves wound-healing process in
one-week earlier compared to control.
Conclusion Cytotoxicity of SSD in fabricated nanofibrous mat is a critical challenge in designing an effective wound
dressing that neutralizes cellular toxicity and improves antimicrobial activity. The PCL/SSD nanofibrous membrane with 500-
µm thickness and 0.3% (w/v) SSD showed applicable characteristics as a wound dressing and it accelerated wound healing
process in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Nejaddehbashi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Hashemitabar
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Vahid Bayati
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Eskandar Moghimipour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Jabraeel Movaffagh
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Orazizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Electronic Address:.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Abbaspour
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic Address:
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Hwang T, Kim J, Joshi MK, Park CH, Kim CS. Simultaneous regeneration of calcium lactate and cellulose into PCL nanofiber for biomedical application. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 212:21-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Cruz-Maya I, Guarino V, Almaguer-Flores A, Alvarez-Perez MA, Varesano A, Vineis C. Highly polydisperse keratin rich nanofibers: Scaffold design and in vitro characterization. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 107:1803-1813. [PMID: 31004452 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The use of bioactive proteins such as keratin has been successfully explored to improve the biological interface of scaffolds with cells during the tissue regeneration. In this work, it is optimized the fabrication of nanofibers combining wool keratin extracted by sulfitolysis, with polycaprolactone (PCL) in order to design bicomponent fibrous matrices able to exert a self-adapting pattern of signals-morphological, chemical, or physical-confined at the single fiber level, to influence cell and bacteria interactions. It is demonstrated that the blending of highly polydisperse keratin with PCL (50:50) improves the stability of the electrospinning process, promoting the formation of nanofibers-144.1 ± 43.9 nm-without the formation of defects (i.e., beads, ribbons) typically recognized in the fabrication of keratin ones. Moreover, keratin drastically increases the fiber hydrophilicity-compared with PCL fiber alone-thus improving the hMSC adhesion and in vitro proliferation until 14 days. Moreover, the growth of bacterial strains (i.e., Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) seems to be not specifically inhibited by the contribution of keratin, so that the integration of further selected compounds (i.e., metal ions) is suggested to more efficiently fight against bacteria resistance, to make them suitable for the regeneration of different interfaces and soft tissues (i.e., skin and cornea). © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1803-1813, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iriczalli Cruz-Maya
- IPCB/CNR, Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Mostra D'Oltremare, Pad. 20, V.le J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125, Naples, Italy.,Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Guarino
- IPCB/CNR, Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Mostra D'Oltremare, Pad. 20, V.le J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Argelia Almaguer-Flores
- Tissue Bioengineering Laboratory, DEPeI, School of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Circuito Exterior s/n C.P., 04510, Coyoacán, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - Marco A Alvarez-Perez
- Tissue Bioengineering Laboratory, DEPeI, School of Dentistry, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Circuito Exterior s/n C.P., 04510, Coyoacán, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - Alessio Varesano
- ISMAC/CNR, Institute for Macromolecular Studies - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, C.so G. Pella 16, Biella, Italy
| | - Claudia Vineis
- ISMAC/CNR, Institute for Macromolecular Studies - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, C.so G. Pella 16, Biella, Italy
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Thermal Conductivity of Protein-Based Materials: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11030456. [PMID: 30960440 PMCID: PMC6473335 DOI: 10.3390/polym11030456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrous proteins such as silks have been used as textile and biomedical materials for decades due to their natural abundance, high flexibility, biocompatibility, and excellent mechanical properties. In addition, they also can avoid many problems related to traditional materials such as toxic chemical residues or brittleness. With the fast development of cutting-edge flexible materials and bioelectronics processing technologies, the market for biocompatible materials with extremely high or low thermal conductivity is growing rapidly. The thermal conductivity of protein films, which is usually on the order of 0.1 W/m·K, can be rather tunable as the value for stretched protein fibers can be substantially larger, outperforming that of many synthetic polymer materials. These findings indicate that the thermal conductivity and the heat transfer direction of protein-based materials can be finely controlled by manipulating their nano-scale structures. This review will focus on the structure of different fibrous proteins, such as silks, collagen and keratin, summarizing factors that can influence the thermal conductivity of protein-based materials and the different experimental methods used to measure their heat transfer properties.
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Zahedi E, Esmaeili A, Eslahi N, Shokrgozar MA, Simchi A. Fabrication and Characterization of Core-Shell Electrospun Fibrous Mats Containing Medicinal Herbs for Wound Healing and Skin Tissue Engineering. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E27. [PMID: 30621270 PMCID: PMC6357190 DOI: 10.3390/md17010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanofibrous structures mimicking the native extracellular matrix have attracted considerable attention for biomedical applications. The present study aims to design and produce drug-eluting core-shell fibrous scaffolds for wound healing and skin tissue engineering. Aloe vera extracts were encapsulated inside polymer fibers containing chitosan, polycaprolactone, and keratin using the co-axial electrospinning technique. Electron microscopic studies show that continuous and uniform fibers with an average diameter of 209 ± 47 nm were successfully fabricated. The fibers have a core-shell structure with a shell thickness of about 90 nm, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. By employing Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, the characteristic peaks of Aloe vera were detected, which indicate successful incorporation of this natural herb into the polymeric fibers. Tensile testing and hydrophilicity measurements indicated an ultimate strength of 5.3 MPa (elongation of 0.63%) and water contact angle of 89°. In-vitro biological assay revealed increased cellular growth and adhesion with the presence of Aloe vera without any cytotoxic effects. The prepared core-shell fibrous mats containing medical herbs have a great potential for wound healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Zahedi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 19585/936, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Akbar Esmaeili
- Department of Chemical Engineering, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 19585/936, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Niloofar Eslahi
- Department of Textile Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 14515/775, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Abdolreza Simchi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, P.O. Box 11365/8639, Tehran, Iran.
- Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, P.O. Box 11365/8639, Tehran, Iran.
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Hu W, Wang Z, Xu Y, Wang X, Xiao Y, Zhang S, Wang J. Remodeling of inherent antimicrobial nanofiber dressings with melamine-modified fibroin into neoskin. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:3412-3423. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00276f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
A melamine-modified fibroin was synthesized and fabricated into electrospun nanofiber films with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, sustained water retention, and fast reepithelialization and revascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Hu
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Zijian Wang
- Department of Urology
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- China
- Department of Biological Repositories
| | - Yin Xu
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Xinghuan Wang
- Department of Urology
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- China
- Department of Biological Repositories
| | - Yu Xiao
- Department of Urology
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University
- Wuhan 430071
- China
- Department of Biological Repositories
| | - Shengmin Zhang
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Jianglin Wang
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
- Wuhan 430074
- China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
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Suarato G, Bertorelli R, Athanassiou A. Borrowing From Nature: Biopolymers and Biocomposites as Smart Wound Care Materials. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:137. [PMID: 30333972 PMCID: PMC6176001 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound repair is a complex and tightly regulated physiological process, involving the activation of various cell types throughout each subsequent step (homeostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling). Any impairment within the correct sequence of the healing events could lead to chronic wounds, with potential effects on the patience quality of life, and consequent fallouts on the wound care management. Nature itself can be of inspiration for the development of fully biodegradable materials, presenting enhanced bioactive potentialities, and sustainability. Naturally-derived biopolymers are nowadays considered smart materials. They provide a versatile and tunable platform to design the appropriate extracellular matrix able to support tissue regeneration, while contrasting the onset of adverse events. In the past decades, fabrication of bioactive materials based on natural polymers, either of protein derivation or polysaccharide-based, has been extensively exploited to tackle wound-healing related problematics. However, in today's World the exclusive use of such materials is becoming an urgent challenge, to meet the demand of environmentally sustainable technologies to support our future needs, including applications in the fields of healthcare and wound management. In the following, we will briefly introduce the main physico-chemical and biological properties of some protein-based biopolymers and some naturally-derived polysaccharides. Moreover, we will present some of the recent technological processing and green fabrication approaches of novel composite materials based on these biopolymers, with particular attention on their applications in the skin tissue repair field. Lastly, we will highlight promising future perspectives for the development of a new generation of environmentally-friendly, naturally-derived, smart wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Suarato
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
- In vivo Pharmacology Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
| | - Rosalia Bertorelli
- In vivo Pharmacology Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
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Wu P, Dai X, Chen K, Li R, Xing Y. Fabrication of regenerated wool keratin/polycaprolactone nanofiber membranes for cell culture. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 114:1168-1173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.03.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Souza SOL, Cotrim MAP, Oréfice RL, Carvalho SG, Dutra JAP, de Paula Careta F, Resende JA, Villanova JCO. Electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) matrices containing silver sulfadiazine complexed with β-cyclodextrin as a new pharmaceutical dosage form to wound healing: preliminary physicochemical and biological evaluation. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2018; 29:67. [PMID: 29748753 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-018-6079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cooperation between researchers in the areas of medical, pharmaceutical and materials science has facilitated the development of pharmaceutical dosage forms that elicit therapeutic effects and protective action with a single product. In addition to optimizing pharmacologic action, such dosage forms provide greater patient comfort and increase success and treatment compliance. In the present work, we prepared semipermeable bioactive electrospun fibers for use as wound dressings containing silver sulfadiazine complexed with β-cyclodextrin in a poly(Ɛ-caprolactone) nanofiber matrix aiming to reduce the direct contact between silver and skin and to modulate the drug release. Wound dressings were prepared by electrospinning, and were subjected to ATR-FT-IR and TG/DTG assays to evaluate drug stability. The hydrophilicity of the fibrous nanostructure in water and PBS buffer was studied by goniometry. Electrospun fibers permeability and swelling capacity were assessed, and a dissolution test was performed. In vitro biological tests were realized to investigate the biological compatibility and antimicrobial activity. We obtained flexible matrices that were each approximately 1.0 g in weight. The electrospun fibers were shown to be semipermeable, with water vapor transmission and swelling indexes compatible with the proposed objective. The hydrophilicity was moderate. Matrices containing pure drug modulated drug release adequately during 24 h but presented a high hemolytic index. Complexation promoted a decrease in the hemolytic index and in the drug release but did not negatively impact antimicrobial activity. The drug was released predominantly by diffusion. These results indicate that electrospun PCL matrices containing β-cyclodextrin/silver sulfadiazine inclusion complexes are a promising pharmaceutical dosage form for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Oliveira Lamas Souza
- Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Bloco 2, Pampulha, 31.270-900, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Monique Alvarenga Pinto Cotrim
- Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Bloco 2, Pampulha, 31.270-900, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Lambert Oréfice
- Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Bloco 2, Pampulha, 31.270-900, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Suzana Gonçalves Carvalho
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, Departamento de Farmácia e Nutrição, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e de Saúde, Av. Alto Universitário, sem número, Guararema, Alegre, ES, 29.500-000, Brazil
| | - Jessyca Aparecida Paes Dutra
- Departamento de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Vitória, ES, 29.043-900, Brazil
| | - Francisco de Paula Careta
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, Departamento de Farmácia e Nutrição, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e de Saúde, Av. Alto Universitário, sem número, Guararema, Alegre, ES, 29.500-000, Brazil
| | - Juliana Alves Resende
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, Departamento de Farmácia e Nutrição, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e de Saúde, Av. Alto Universitário, sem número, Guararema, Alegre, ES, 29.500-000, Brazil
| | - Janaina Cecília Oliveira Villanova
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES, Departamento de Farmácia e Nutrição, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e de Saúde, Av. Alto Universitário, sem número, Guararema, Alegre, ES, 29.500-000, Brazil.
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Shavandi A, Silva TH, Bekhit AA, Bekhit AEDA. Keratin: dissolution, extraction and biomedical application. Biomater Sci 2018; 5:1699-1735. [PMID: 28686242 DOI: 10.1039/c7bm00411g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Keratinous materials such as wool, feathers and hooves are tough unique biological co-products that usually have high sulfur and protein contents. A high cystine content (7-13%) differentiates keratins from other structural proteins, such as collagen and elastin. Dissolution and extraction of keratin is a difficult process compared to other natural polymers, such as chitosan, starch, collagen, and a large-scale use of keratin depends on employing a relatively fast, cost-effective and time efficient extraction method. Keratin has some inherent ability to facilitate cell adhesion, proliferation, and regeneration of the tissue, therefore keratin biomaterials can provide a biocompatible matrix for regrowth and regeneration of the defective tissue. Additionally, due to its amino acid constituents, keratin can be tailored and finely tuned to meet the exact requirement of degradation, drug release or incorporation of different hydrophobic or hydrophilic tails. This review discusses the various methods available for the dissolution and extraction of keratin with emphasis on their advantages and limitations. The impacts of various methods and chemicals used on the structure and the properties of keratin are discussed with the aim of highlighting options available toward commercial keratin production. This review also reports the properties of various keratin-based biomaterials and critically examines how these materials are influenced by the keratin extraction procedure, discussing the features that make them effective as biomedical applications, as well as some of the mechanisms of action and physiological roles of keratin. Particular attention is given to the practical application of keratin biomaterials, namely addressing the advantages and limitations on the use of keratin films, 3D composite scaffolds and keratin hydrogels for tissue engineering, wound healing, hemostatic and controlled drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Shavandi
- Center for Materials Science and Technology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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Ramakrishnan N, Sharma S, Gupta A, Alashwal BY. Keratin based bioplastic film from chicken feathers and its characterization. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 111:352-358. [PMID: 29320725 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Plastics have been one of the highly valued materials and it plays an significant role in human's life such as in food packaging and biomedical applications. Bioplastic materials can gradually work as a substitute for various materials based on fossil oil. The issue like sustainability and environmental challenges which occur due to manufacturing and disposal of synthetic plastics can be conquering by bio-based plastics. Feathers are among the most inexpensive abundant, and renewable protein sources. Feathers disposal to the landfills leads to environmental pollutions and it results into wastage of 90% of protein raw material. Keratin is non-burning hydrophilic, and biodegradable due to which it can be applicable in various ways via chemical processing. Main objective of this research is to synthesis bioplastic using keratin from chicken feathers. Extracted keratin solution mixed with different concentration of glycerol (2 to 10%) to produce plastic films. The mixture was stirred under constant magnetic stirring at 60 °C for 5 h. The mixtures are then poured into aluminum weighing boat and dried in an oven at 60 °C for 24 h. The mechanical properties of the samples were tested and the physic-chemical properties of the bioplastic were studied. According to the results, Scanning Electron Microscopy test showed good compatible morphologies without holes, cavity and edge. The difference in chemical composition was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The samples were also characterized by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) to check the thermal and crystallinity properties. Other than that, bioplastic made up from keratin with 2% of glycerol has the best mechanical and thermal properties. According to biodegradability test, all bioplastic produced are proven biodegradable. Therefore, the results showed possible application of the film as an alternative to fossil oil based materials which are harmful to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navina Ramakrishnan
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Swati Sharma
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - Arun Gupta
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - Basma Yahya Alashwal
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
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Saifoori S, Fallah-Darrehchi M, Zahedi P, Bayandori Moghaddam A. Fabrication of random and aligned-oriented cellulose acetate nanofibers containing betamethasone sodium phosphate: structural and cell biocompatibility evaluations. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2016-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
The objective of this work was to prepare electrospun cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers containing betamethasone sodium phosphate (BSP). Two different morphologies including random and aligned orientations were rationally designed to improve the performance of samples in in vitro experiments. By comparing the CA nanofibrous samples with randomly and aligned-oriented morphologies, the scanning electron microscopy images showed that the neat aligned-oriented nanofibers with an average diameter of 180±15 nm could be obtained using a high-speed rotating collector. Subsequently, the tensile test confirmed that the aligned CA nanofibers had higher mechanical properties than that of the randomly oriented ones. Moreover, the BSP release profile obtained by UV-vis spectrophotometry depicted that the aligned samples had an initial burst release of BSP followed by a slow penetration of the drug with a gentle slope during 72 h. Furthermore, the ultimate amounts of BSP released from the random and aligned CA nanofibers into the phosphate buffer solution were 63% and 53%, respectively. Finally, human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were seeded on both aligned and random electrospun CA nanofibrous samples containing BSP. The thiazolyl blue and hematoxylin and eosin staining results showed that the BSP-loaded nanofibers with the aligned morphology provided the most suitable environment for the cells’ growth, viability, and proliferation.
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