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Ali R, Sen S, Hameed R, Nazir A, Verma S. Strategies for gaseous neuromodulator release in chemical neuroscience: Experimental approaches and translational validation. J Control Release 2024; 365:132-160. [PMID: 37972768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Gasotransmitters are a group of short-lived gaseous signaling molecules displaying diverse biological functions depending upon their localized concentration. Nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and carbon monoxide (CO) are three important examples of endogenously produced gasotransmitters that play a crucial role in human neurophysiology and pathogenesis. Alterations in their optimal physiological concentrations can lead to various severe pathophysiological consequences, including neurological disorders. Exogenous administration of gasotransmitters has emerged as a prominent therapeutic approach for treating such neurological diseases. However, their gaseous nature and short half-life limit their therapeutic delivery. Therefore, developing synthetic gasotransmitter-releasing strategies having control over the release and duration of these gaseous molecules has become imperative. However, the complex chemistry of synthesis and the challenges of specific quantified delivery of these gases, make their therapeutic application a challenging task. This review article provides a focused overview of emerging strategies for delivering gasotransmitters in a controlled and sustained manner to re-establish neurophysiological homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafat Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
| | - Shantanu Sen
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
| | - Rohil Hameed
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Aamir Nazir
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India.
| | - Sandeep Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India; Center for Nanoscience, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India; Mehta Family Center for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India.
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2
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Suwanmanee G, Tantrawatpan C, Kheolamai P, Paraoan L, Manochantr S. Fucoxanthin diminishes oxidative stress damage in human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells through the PI3K/Akt/Nrf-2 pathway. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22974. [PMID: 38151503 PMCID: PMC10752906 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49751-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PL-MSCs) have therapeutic potential in various clinical contexts due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. However, with increasing age or extensive in vitro culture, their viability and function are gradually lost, thus restricting their therapeutic application. The primary cause of this deterioration is oxidative injury from free radicals. Therefore, enhancing cell viability and restoring cellular repair mechanisms of PL-MSCs in an oxidative stress environment are crucial in this context. Fucoxanthin, a carotenoid derived from brown seaweed, demonstrates antioxidant activity by increasing the production of antioxidant enzymes and lowering the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study aimed to determine whether fucoxanthin protects PL-MSCs from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress. After characterization, PL-MSCs were co-treated with fucoxanthin and H2O2 for 24 h (co-treatment) or pre-treated with fucoxanthin for 24 h followed by H2O2 for 24 h (pre-treatment). The effects of fucoxanthin on cell viability and proliferation were examined using an MTT assay. The expression of antioxidant enzymes, PI3K/Akt/Nrf-2 and intracellular ROS production were investigated in fucoxanthin-treated PL-MSCs compared to the untreated group. The gene expression and involvement of specific pathways in the cytoprotective effect of fucoxanthin were investigated by high-throughput NanoString nCounter analysis. The results demonstrated that co-treatment and pre-treatment with fucoxanthin restored the viability and proliferative capacity of PL-MSCs. Fucoxanthin treatment increased the expression of antioxidant enzymes in PL-MSCs cultured under oxidative stress conditions and decreased intracellular ROS accumulation. Markedly, fucoxanthin treatment could restore PI3K/Akt/Nrf-2 expression in H2O2-treated PL-MSCs. High-throughput analysis revealed up-regulation of genes involved in cell survival pathways, including cell cycle and proliferation, DNA damage repair pathways, and down-regulation of genes in apoptosis and autophagy pathways. This study demonstrated that fucoxanthin protects and rescues PL-MSCs from oxidative stress damage through the PI3K/Akt/Nrf-2 pathway. Our data provide the supporting evidence for the use of fucoxanthin as an antioxidant cytoprotective agent to improve the viability and proliferation capacity of PL-MSCs both in vitro and in vivo required to increase the effectiveness of MSC expansion for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunticha Suwanmanee
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Chairat Tantrawatpan
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Stem Research and Innovation, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Pakpoom Kheolamai
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Stem Research and Innovation, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Luminita Paraoan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Edge Hill University, BioSciences Building, St Helens Road, Ormskirk, L39 4QP, UK
| | - Sirikul Manochantr
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Stem Research and Innovation, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand.
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3
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Wang K, Hu S. The synergistic effects of polyphenols and intestinal microbiota on osteoporosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1285621. [PMID: 37936705 PMCID: PMC10626506 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1285621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common metabolic disease in middle-aged and elderly people. It is characterized by a reduction in bone mass, compromised bone microstructure, heightened bone fragility, and an increased susceptibility to fractures. The dynamic imbalance between osteoblast and osteoclast populations is a decisive factor in the occurrence of osteoporosis. With the increase in the elderly population in society, the incidence of osteoporosis, disability, and mortality have gradually increased. Polyphenols are a fascinating class of compounds that are found in both food and medicine and exhibit a variety of biological activities with significant health benefits. As a component of food, polyphenols not only provide color, flavor, and aroma but also act as potent antioxidants, protecting our cells from oxidative stress and reducing the risk of chronic disease. Moreover, these natural compounds exhibit anti-inflammatory properties, which aid in immune response regulation and potentially alleviate symptoms of diverse ailments. The gut microbiota can degrade polyphenols into more absorbable metabolites, thereby increasing their bioavailability. Polyphenols can also shape the gut microbiota and increase its abundance. Therefore, studying the synergistic effect between gut microbiota and polyphenols may help in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis. By delving into how gut microbiota can enhance the bioavailability of polyphenols and how polyphenols can shape the gut microbiota and increase its abundance, this review offers valuable information and references for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyu Wang
- The Orthopaedic Center, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Wenling), Wenling, Zhejiang, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siwang Hu
- The Orthopaedic Center, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Wenling), Wenling, Zhejiang, China
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Kumar H, Dhalaria R, Guleria S, Cimler R, Sharma R, Siddiqui SA, Valko M, Nepovimova E, Dhanjal DS, Singh R, Kumar V, Pathera AK, Verma N, Kaur T, Manickam S, Alomar SY, Kuča K. Anti-oxidant potential of plants and probiotic spp. in alleviating oxidative stress induced by H 2O 2. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115022. [PMID: 37336149 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a metabolic by-product. ROS molecules trigger oxidative stress as a feedback response that significantly initiates biological processes such as autophagy, apoptosis, and necrosis. Furthermore, extensive research has revealed that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an important ROS entity and plays a crucial role in several physiological processes, including cell differentiation, cell signalling, and apoptosis. However, excessive production of H2O2 has been shown to disrupt biomolecules and cell organelles, leading to an inflammatory response and contributing to the development of health complications such as collagen deposition, aging, liver fibrosis, sepsis, ulcerative colitis, etc. Extracts of different plant species, phytochemicals, and Lactobacillus sp (probiotic) have been reported for their anti-oxidant potential. In this view, the researchers have gained significant interest in exploring the potential plants spp., their phytochemicals, and the potential of Lactobacillus sp. strains that exhibit anti-oxidant properties and health benefits. Thus, the current review focuses on comprehending the information related to the formation of H2O2, the factors influencing it, and their pathophysiology imposed on human health. Moreover, this review also discussed the anti-oxidant potential and role of different extract of plants, Lactobacillus sp. and their fermented products in curbing H2O2‑induced oxidative stress in both in-vitro and in-vivo models via boosting the anti-oxidative activity, inhibiting of important enzyme release and downregulation of cytochrome c, cleaved caspases-3, - 8, and - 9 expression. In particular, this knowledge will assist R&D sections in biopharmaceutical and food industries in developing herbal medicine and probiotics-based or derived food products that can effectively alleviate oxidative stress issues induced by H2O2 generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Kumar
- Centre of Advanced Technologies, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rajni Dhalaria
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Shivani Guleria
- Department of Biotechnology, TIFAC-Centre of Relevance and Excellence in Agro and Industrial Biotechnology (CORE), Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147001, India
| | - Richard Cimler
- Centre of Advanced Technologies, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ruchi Sharma
- School of Bioengineering & Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Shahida Anusha Siddiqui
- Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Essigberg 3, 94315 Straubing, Germany.
| | - Marian Valko
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 81237, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50005, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Reena Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Jhansi 284003, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Narinder Verma
- School of Management and Liberal Arts, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Talwinder Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, DAV University, Sarmastpur, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144001, India
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei
| | - Suliman Y Alomar
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50005, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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Pizzuti V, Paris F, Marrazzo P, Bonsi L, Alviano F. Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Perinatal Cells: A Critical Step toward an Optimal Therapeutic Use in Regenerative Medicine. Biomolecules 2023; 13:971. [PMID: 37371551 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) occurs when the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is not balanced by the body's antioxidant defense system. OS can profoundly affect cellular health and function. ROS can have a profound negative impact on cells that undergo a predestined and time-regulated process of proliferation or differentiation, such as perinatal stem cells. Due to the large-scale employment of these immunotolerant stem cells in regenerative medicine, it is important to reduce OS to prevent them from losing function and increase their application in the regenerative medicine field. This goal can be achieved through a variety of strategies, such as the use of antioxidants and other compounds that can indirectly modulate the antioxidant defense system by enhancing cellular stress response pathways, including autophagy and mitochondrial function, thereby reducing ROS levels. This review aims to summarize information regarding OS mechanisms in perinatal stem cells and possible strategies for reducing their deleterious effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Pizzuti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Paris
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Pasquale Marrazzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Bonsi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Alviano
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Zou JH, Chen F, Li YL, Chen H, Sun TK, Du SM, Zhang J. Effects of green tea extract epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption in rats. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 150:105691. [PMID: 37043987 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of EGCG on tooth movement and root resorption during orthodontic treatment in rats. METHODS A total of thirty six male Wistar rats were randomly and equally divided into three groups: control, 50 mg/kg EGCG, and 100 mg/kg EGCG. During the experiment, the subjects were submitted to an orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) model, rats in the experimental groups were given the corresponding dose of EGCG, while rats in the control group were administrated with an equal volume of normal saline solution by gavage. After 14 days of OTM, the rats were sacrificed by transcardial perfusion. Micro-CT of rat maxillaes was taken to analyze OTM distance and root resorption. The maxillary samples were prepared as histological sections for H&E staining, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining to be observed and analyzed. RESULTS The OTM distance and root resorption of rats in the dosed group decreased, and the number of TRAP positive cells in their periodontium decreased significantly. The expression level of RANKL was decreased in the EGCG group compared to the control group, while that of OPG, OCN and Runx2 was increased. Effects were more pronounced in 100 mg/kg group than in 50 mg/kg group. CONCLUSION EGCG reduces OTM and orthodontic induced root resorption (OIRR) in rats, and is able to attenuate osteoclastogenesis on the pressure side and promote osteogenesis on the tension side.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hua Zou
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Rizhao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Rizhao, China
| | - Yi-Lin Li
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Tong-Ke Sun
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Si-Meng Du
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China.
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7
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Marcucci G, Domazetovic V, Nediani C, Ruzzolini J, Favre C, Brandi ML. Oxidative Stress and Natural Antioxidants in Osteoporosis: Novel Preventive and Therapeutic Approaches. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020373. [PMID: 36829932 PMCID: PMC9952369 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This review reports in detail the cellular and molecular mechanisms which regulate the bone remodeling process in relation to oxidative stress (OS), inflammatory factors, and estrogen deficiency. OS is considered an important pathogenic factor of osteoporosis, inducing osteocyte apoptosis and varying levels of specific factors, such as receptor activator κB ligand (RANKL), sclerostin, and, according to recent evidence, fibroblast growth factor 23, with consequent impairment of bone remodeling and high bone resorption. Bone loss increases the risk of fragility fractures, and the most commonly used treatments are antiresorptive drugs, followed by anabolic drugs or those with a double effect. In addition, recent data show that natural antioxidants contained in the diet are efficient in preventing and reducing the negative effects of OS on bone remodeling and osteocytes through the involvement of sirtuin type 1 enzyme. Indeed, osteocytes and some of their molecular factors are considered potential biological targets on which antioxidants can act to prevent and reduce bone loss, as well as to promote bone anabolic and regenerative processes by restoring physiological bone remodeling. Several data suggest including antioxidants in novel therapeutic approaches to develop better management strategies for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and OS-related bone diseases. In particular, anthocyanins, as well as resveratrol, lycopene, oleuropein, some vitamins, and thiol antioxidants, could have protective and therapeutic anti-osteoporotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Marcucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Vladana Domazetovic
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Nediani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Jessica Ruzzolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Favre
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy
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Byun H, Jang GN, Hong MH, Yeo J, Shin H, Kim WJ, Shin H. Biomimetic anti-inflammatory and osteogenic nanoparticles self-assembled with mineral ions and tannic acid for tissue engineering. NANO CONVERGENCE 2022; 9:47. [PMID: 36214916 PMCID: PMC9551158 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-022-00338-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bone healing involves complex processes including inflammation, induction, and remodeling. In this context, anti-inflammatory and osteoconductive multi-functional nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention for application in improved bone tissue regeneration. In particular, nanoparticles that promote suppression of inflammatory response after injury and direction of desirable tissue regeneration events are of immense interest to researchers. We herein report a one-step method to prepare multi-functional nanoparticles using tannic acid (TA) and simulated body fluid (SBF) containing multiple mineral ions. Mineral-tannic acid nanoparticles (mTNs) were rapidly fabricated in 10 min, and their size (around 250-350 nm) and chemical composition were controlled through the TA concentration. In vitro analysis using human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs) showed that mTNs effectively scavenged reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhanced osteogenesis of hADSCs by inducing secretion of alkaline phosphatase. mTNs also increased osteogenic marker gene expression even in the presence of ROS, which can generally arrest osteogenesis (OPN: 1.74, RUNX2: 1.90, OCN: 1.47-fold changes relative to cells not treated with mTNs). In vivo analysis using a mouse peritonitis model revealed that mTNs showed anti-inflammatory effects by decreasing levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in blood (IL-6: 73 ± 4, TNF-α: 42 ± 2%) and peritoneal fluid (IL-6: 78 ± 2, TNF-α: 21 ± 6%). We believe that this one-step method for fabrication of multi-functional nanoparticles has considerable potential in tissue engineering approaches that require control of complex microenvironments, as required for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayeon Byun
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Education and Research Group for Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader, Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Nam Jang
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Education and Research Group for Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader, Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Hong
- Department of Dental Biomaterials and Research Institute of Oral Science, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Yeo
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjung Shin
- Nature Inspired Materials Processing Research Center, Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Heungsoo Shin
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- BK21 FOUR Education and Research Group for Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader, Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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Jung F, Braune S, Jung CHG, Krüger-Genge A, Waldeck P, Petrick I, Küpper JH. Lipophilic and Hydrophilic Compounds from Arthrospira platensis and Its Effects on Tissue and Blood Cells-An Overview. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1497. [PMID: 36294932 PMCID: PMC9605678 DOI: 10.3390/life12101497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina platensis) is a natural source of considerable amounts of ingredients that are relevant for nutra- and pharmaceutical uses. Different hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances can be obtained by extraction from the biomass. The respective extraction techniques determine the composition of substances in the extract and thus its biological activity. In this short review, we provide an overview of the hydrophilic compounds (phenols, phycobiliproteins, polysaccharides, and vitamins) and lipophilic ingredients (chlorophylls, vitamins, fatty acids, and glycolipids) of Arthrospira platensis. The principal influences of these substances on blood and tissue cells are briefly summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friedrich Jung
- Institute of Biotechnology, Molecular Cell Biology, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 01968 Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Steffen Braune
- Institute of Biotechnology, Molecular Cell Biology, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 01968 Senftenberg, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 01968 Senftenberg, Germany
| | | | - Anne Krüger-Genge
- Department of Healthcare, Biomaterials and Cosmeceuticals, Fraunhofer-Institute for Applied Polymer Research, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Peter Waldeck
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Thermodynamics, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 01968 Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Ingolf Petrick
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Thermodynamics, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 01968 Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Jan-Heiner Küpper
- Institute of Biotechnology, Molecular Cell Biology, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 01968 Senftenberg, Germany
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 01968 Senftenberg, Germany
- Carbon Biotech Social Enterprise AG, 01968 Senftenberg, Germany
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10
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Andrade JMM, Maurmann N, Lopes DV, Pereira DP, Pranke P, Henriques AT. Rosmarinic and chlorogenic acid, isolated from ferns, suppress stem cell damage induced by hydrogen peroxide. J Pharm Pharmacol 2022; 74:1609-1617. [PMID: 36029199 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evaluating the effects of rosmarinic (RA) and cryptochlorogenic (CGA) acids isolated from Blechnum binervatum extract on stem cell viability, toxicity and the protective effect on oxidative cell damage. METHODS MTT and LDH methods were employed, using stem cells from teeth. RA and CGA were evaluated at 100, 250 and 500 µM. The negative effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (200-2200 µM) and the capacity of RA and CGA (10-100 µM) as protective agents were also evaluated. DAPI followed by fluorescent microscopy was employed to photograph the treated and untreated cells. KEY FINDINGS At all tested concentrations, RA and CGA demonstrated the ability to maintain cell viability, and with no cytotoxic effects on the treated stem cells. RA also induced an increase of the cell viability and a reduction in cytotoxicity. H2O2 (1400 µM) induced >50% of cytotoxicity, and both compounds were capable of suppressing H2O2 damage, even at the lowest concentration. At 100 µM, in H2O2 presence, total cell viability was observed through microscope imaging. CONCLUSIONS These findings contribute to the continued research into natural substances with the potential for protecting cells against oxidative injury, with the consideration that RA and CGA are useful in the regeneration of damaged stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M M Andrade
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga 2752, 90.610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - N Maurmann
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga 2752, 90.610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Post-graduate Program in Physiology, UFRGS, Avenida Sarmento Leite, 500/sala PPG Fisiologia, 90.050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - D V Lopes
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga 2752, 90.610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - D P Pereira
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga 2752, 90.610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - P Pranke
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga 2752, 90.610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Post-graduate Program in Physiology, UFRGS, Avenida Sarmento Leite, 500/sala PPG Fisiologia, 90.050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Stem Cell Research Institute, Rua dos Andradas, 1464/133, 90.020-010, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - A T Henriques
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga 2752, 90.610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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11
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Puca F, Fedele M, Rasio D, Battista S. Role of Diet in Stem and Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158108. [PMID: 35897685 PMCID: PMC9330301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet and lifestyle factors greatly affect health and susceptibility to diseases, including cancer. Stem cells’ functions, including their ability to divide asymmetrically, set the rules for tissue homeostasis, contribute to health maintenance, and represent the entry point of cancer occurrence. Stem cell properties result from the complex integration of intrinsic, extrinsic, and systemic factors. In this context, diet-induced metabolic changes can have a profound impact on stem cell fate determination, lineage specification and differentiation. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive description of the multiple “non-metabolic” effects of diet on stem cell functions, including little-known effects such as those on liquid-liquid phase separation and on non-random chromosome segregation (asymmetric division). A deep understanding of the specific dietetic requirements of normal and cancer stem cells may pave the way for the development of nutrition-based targeted therapeutic approaches to improve regenerative and anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Puca
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 78705, USA;
- Department of Oncology, IRBM Science Park SpA, 00071 Pomezia, Italy
| | - Monica Fedele
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Debora Rasio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, La Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Sabrina Battista
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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12
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Xia S, Weng T, Jin R, Yang M, Yu M, Zhang W, Wang X, Han C. Curcumin-incorporated 3D bioprinting gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel reduces reactive oxygen species-induced adipose-derived stem cell apoptosis and improves implanting survival in diabetic wounds. BURNS & TRAUMA 2022; 10:tkac001. [PMID: 35291229 PMCID: PMC8918758 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels loaded with stem cells have proved to be an effective clinical treatment for wound healing. Advanced glycation end product (AGE), interacting with its particular receptor (AGER), gives rise to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Curcumin (Cur) has excellent antioxidant activity and regulates intracellular ROS production and apoptosis. In this study, we developed a Cur-incorporated 3D-printed GelMA to insert into adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and applied it to diabetic wounds. Methods GelMA hydrogels with Cur were fabricated and their in vitro effects on ADSCs were investigated. We used structural characterization, western blot, ROS and apoptosis assay to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-apoptotic activity, and assessed the wound healing effects to investigate the mechanism underlying regulation of apoptosis by Cur via the AGE/AGER/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 pathway. Results A 10% GelMA scaffold exhibited appropriate mechanical properties and biocompatibility for ADSCs. The circular mesh structure demonstrated printability of 10% GelMA and Cur-GelMA bioinks. The incorporation of Cur into the 10% GelMA hydrogel showed an inhibitory effect on AGEs/AGER/NF-κB p65-induced ROS generation and ADSC apoptosis. Furthermore, Cur-GelMA scaffold promoted cell survival and expedited in vivo diabetic wound healing. Conclusions The incorporation of Cur improved the antioxidant activity of 3D-printed GelMA hydrogel and mitigated AGE/AGER/p65 axis-induced ROS and apoptosis in ADSCs. The effects of scaffolds on wound healing suggested that Cur/GelMA-ADSC hydrogel could be an effective biological material for accelerating wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sizhan Xia
- Department of Burns and Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Tingting Weng
- Department of Burns and Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Ronghua Jin
- Department of Burns and Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Burns and Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Meirong Yu
- Clinical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Burns and Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xingang Wang
- Department of Burns and Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Chunmao Han
- Department of Burns and Wound Care Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
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13
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Carbon Monoxide Protects Neural Stem Cells Against Iron Overload by Modulating the Crosstalk Between Nrf2 and NF-κB Signaling. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1383-1394. [PMID: 35258778 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03537-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Although accumulating evidences have demonstrated pro-survival effects of CO against various insults, the precise mechanism explaining how neural stem cells (NSCs) are protected by CO also remains largely unknown. Here we report CO pro-survival effect on NSCs against iron overload was comparable to that obtained with pharmacological inhibitors of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Its pro-survival effect was accompanied by the inhibition of ROS and subsequent inhibition of NF-κB which is mediated through nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), in that activation of Nrf2 by CO inhibited ROS via up-regulation of NQO-1 while down-regulation of Nrf2 reversed the pro-survival effect of CO both in vitro and in vivo. CO-mediated preconditioning results in Nrf2 up-regulation and NF-κB inhibition, suggesting that these two pathways act in an inverse manner to maintain redox homeostasis. Our findings revealed CO preconditioning as a promising treatment strategy to improve efficacy of NSCs transplantation after hemorrhagic stroke.
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14
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Shi R, Tao L, Tu X, Zhang C, Xiong Z, Rami Horowitz A, Asher JB, He J, Hu F. Metabolite Profiling and Transcriptome Analyses Provide Insight Into Phenolic and Flavonoid Biosynthesis in the Nutshell of Macadamia Ternifolia. Front Genet 2022; 12:809986. [PMID: 35265099 PMCID: PMC8899216 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.809986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Macadamia ternifolia is a dynamic oil-producing nut crop in the world. However, the nutshell is frequently considered as a low-quality material. Further, its metabolic profile is still uncharacterized. In order to explore the industrial significance of the nutshell, this study performed metabolic and transcriptomic analyses at various developmental stages of the nutshell. The qualitative and quantitative metabolic data analysis identified 596 metabolic substances including several species of phenolic acids, flavonoids, lipids, organic acids, amino acids and derivatives, nucleotides and derivatives, alkaloids, lignans, coumarins, terpenoids, tannins, and others. However, phenolic acids and flavonoids were predominant, and their abundance levels were significantly altered across various developmental stages of the nutshell. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that the expression patterns of phenolic acid and flavonoid pathway related genes were significantly changed during the nutshell growth. In particular, the expression of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, C4H, 4CL, CHS, CHI, F3H, and FLS had dynamic differences at the various developmental stages of the nutshell. Our integrative metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses identified the key metabolic substances and their abundance levels. We further discussed the regulatory mechanism of phenolic and flavonoid biosynthesis in the nutshell of M. ternifolia. Our results provide new insights into the biological profiles of the nutshell of M. ternifolia and help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of phenolic and flavonoid biosynthesis in the nutshell of M. ternifolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Shi
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, International Ecological Foresty Research Center of Kunming, Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Liang Tao
- Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China
| | - Xinghao Tu
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chunsheng Zhang
- Office of Academic Affairs, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Chunsheng Zhang, ; Jun He, ; Faguang Hu,
| | - Zhi Xiong
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, International Ecological Foresty Research Center of Kunming, Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Abraham Rami Horowitz
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Dryland, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - Jiftah Ben Asher
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Dryland, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - Jun He
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Chunsheng Zhang, ; Jun He, ; Faguang Hu,
| | - Faguang Hu
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, China
- *Correspondence: Chunsheng Zhang, ; Jun He, ; Faguang Hu,
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15
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Sheppard AJ, Barfield AM, Barton S, Dong Y. Understanding Reactive Oxygen Species in Bone Regeneration: A Glance at Potential Therapeutics and Bioengineering Applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:836764. [PMID: 35198545 PMCID: PMC8859442 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.836764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the complex mechanism by which skeletal tissue heals has been well described, the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in skeletal tissue regeneration is less understood. It has been widely recognized that a high level of ROS is cytotoxic and inhibits normal cellular processes. However, with more recent discoveries, it is evident that ROS also play an important, positive role in skeletal tissue repair, specifically fracture healing. Thus, dampening ROS levels can potentially inhibit normal healing. On the same note, pathologically high levels of ROS cause a sharp decline in osteogenesis and promote nonunion in fracture repair. This delicate balance complicates the efforts of therapeutic and engineering approaches that aim to modulate ROS for improved tissue healing. The physiologic role of ROS is dependent on a multitude of factors, and it is important for future efforts to consider these complexities. This review first discusses how ROS influences vital signaling pathways involved in the fracture healing response, including how they affect angiogenesis and osteogenic differentiation. The latter half glances at the current approaches to control ROS for improved skeletal tissue healing, including medicinal approaches, cellular engineering, and enhanced tissue scaffolds. This review aims to provide a nuanced view of the effects of ROS on bone fracture healing which will inspire novel techniques to optimize the redox environment for skeletal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J. Sheppard
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Ann Marie Barfield
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Shane Barton
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Yufeng Dong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
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16
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Khalil Alyahya H, Subash-Babu P, Mohammad Salamatullah A, Hayat K, Albader N, Alkaltham MS, Ahmed MA, Arzoo S, Bourhia M. Quantification of Chlorogenic Acid and Vanillin from Coffee Peel Extract and its Effect on α-Amylase Activity, Immunoregulation, Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress, and Tumor Suppressor Gene Expression Levels in H 2O 2-Induced Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:760242. [PMID: 34795590 PMCID: PMC8593645 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.760242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Polyphenols and flavonoid-rich foods help in arresting reactive oxygen species development and protecting DNA from oxidative damage. Coffee peel (CP) preparations are consumed as beverages, and their total polyphenol or flavonoid content and their effect on oxidative stress-induced human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are poorly understood. Method: We prepared hot water extracts of CP (CPE) and quantified the amount of total polyphenol and flavonoid using HPLC analysis. In addition, CPE have been studied for their α-amylase inhibitory effect and beneficial effects in oxidative stress-induced hMSCs. Results: The obtained results show that the availability of chlorogenic acid, vanillin, and salicylic acid levels in CPE is more favorable for enhancing cell growth, nuclear integrity, and mitochondrial efficiency which is confirmed by propidium iodide staining and JC-1 staining. CPE treatment to hMSCs for 48 h reduced oxidative stress by decreasing mRNA expression levels of LPO and NOX-4 and in increasing antioxidant CYP1A, GSH, GSK-3β, and GPX mRNA expressions. Decreased pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, NF-κβ, IL-1β, TLR-4) and increased tumor suppressor genes (except Bcl-2) such as Cdkn2A, p53 expressions have been observed. Conclusions: The availability of CGA in CPs effectively reduced mitochondrial oxidative stress, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased tumor suppressor genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Khalil Alyahya
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pandurangan Subash-Babu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Mohammad Salamatullah
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khizar Hayat
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal Albader
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Saeed Alkaltham
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Asif Ahmed
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaista Arzoo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry, Environment, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
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17
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Goyal S, Seth B, Chaturvedi RK. Polyphenols and Stem Cells for Neuroregeneration in Parkinson's Disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 28:806-828. [PMID: 34781865 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666211115154450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are neurological disorders, pathologically characterized by chronic degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and motor neurons respectively. There is still no cure or effective treatment against the disease progression and most of the treatments are symptomatic. The present review offers an overview of the different factors involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Subsequently, we focused on the recent advanced studies of dietary polyphenols and stem cell therapies, which have made it possible to slow down the progression of neurodegeneration. To date, stem cells and different polyphenols have been used for the directional induction of neural stem cells into dopaminergic neurons and motor neurons. We have also discussed their involvement in the modulation of different signal transduction pathways and growth factor levels in various in vivo and in vitro studies. Likewise stem cells, polyphenols also exhibit the potential of neuroprotection by their anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant properties regulating the growth factors levels and molecular signaling events. Overall this review provides a detailed insight into recent strategies that promise the use of polyphenol with stem cell therapy for the possible treatment of PD and ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Goyal
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001. India
| | - Brashket Seth
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001. India
| | - Rajnish Kumar Chaturvedi
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001. India
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18
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Subash-Babu P, Al-Saran N, M Alshammari G, Naif Al-Harbi L, Hussain Alhussain M, Shamlan G, Abdulaziz AlSedairy S, Abdullah Alshatwi A. Evaluation of Biosafety, Antiobesity, and Endothelial Cells Proliferation Potential of Basil Seed Extract Loaded Organic Solid Lipid Nanoparticle. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:722258. [PMID: 34671255 PMCID: PMC8521050 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.722258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to synthesize solid lipid nanoparticles to enhance liposome-assisted intracellular uptake of basil seed active components in adipocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells to attain increased bioavailability. To obtain solid lipid nanoparticle (SLNp), the water phase containing basil seed extract (BSE) was encapsulated with lipid matrix containing chia seed phospholipids using homogenization and cold ultra-sonication method. The physicochemical characterization of BSE loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (BSE-SLNp) has been analyzed using Zetasizer, FT-IR, and TEM. The BSE-SLNp showed an average diameter of 20-110 nm on the day of preparation and it remains the same after 60 days of storage. The cytotoxicity assay confirmed that the BSE-SLNp did not produce toxicity in hMSCs, preadipocytes, or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) until the tested higher dose up to 64 μg/ml. During effective dose determination, 4 μg/ml of BSE-SLNp confirmed non-toxic and enhanced metabolic function in hMSCs, preadipocytes, and HUVECs. Biosafety assay confirmed normal nuclear morphology in PI staining and high mitochondrial membrane potential in JC-1 assay within 48 h in hMSCs. The maturing adipocyte treated with 4 μg/ml of BSE-SLNp significantly increased the mitochondrial efficiency and fatty acid beta-oxidation (PPARγC1α, UCP-1, and PRDM-16) related gene expression levels. Oxidative stress induced HUVECs treated with 4 μg/ml of BSE-SLNp potentially enhanced antioxidant capacity, cell growth, and microtubule development within 48 h H2O2 induced oxidative stressed HUVECs have shown 39.8% viable cells, but treatment with BSE-SLNp has shown 99% of viable cells within 48 h confirmed by Annexin-V assay. In addition, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) increased to 89.4% confirmed by JC-1 assay. The observed DNA integrity, cell viability was confirmed by increased antioxidant and tumor suppressor-related gene expression levels. VEGF expression has been significantly increased and pro-inflammation-related mRNA levels were decreased in BSE-SLNp treated cells. In conclusion, enhanced adipocyte fatty acid oxidation is directly associated with decreased adipocytokine secretion which arrests obesity-associated comorbidities. In addition, suppressing vascular cell oxidative stress and metabolic inflammation supports vascular cell proliferation and arrests ageing-related vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandurangan Subash-Babu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Al-Saran
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghedeir M Alshammari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila Naif Al-Harbi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Hussain Alhussain
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghalia Shamlan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar Abdulaziz AlSedairy
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Abdullah Alshatwi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Piechowiak T, Skóra B, Grzelak-Błaszczyk K, Sójka M. Extraction of Antioxidant Compounds from Blueberry Fruit Waste and Evaluation of Their In Vitro Biological Activity in Human Keratinocytes (HaCaT). FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-02056-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the biological properties of an extract obtained from the waste of blueberry fruit. The study covered the optimization of extraction of antioxidants from blueberry pomace and the determination of antioxidant properties of the extract using HaCaT as the model organism. Research showed that the yield of antioxidants extraction from blueberry waste was dependent on the applied extraction conditions. Based on the mathematical models, the optimal conditions of extraction process in which the maximum quantity of antioxidant compounds is achieved from the waste mass unit, i.e., the relation of the waste mass to the volume of ethanol equal to 1:17.36, and process time equal to 1000 s. The obtained extract was characterized by high antioxidant activity, which was shaped by high content of polyphenols, mainly anthocyanins. Moreover, the extract showed a high ability to protect HaCaT cells from the occurrence of oxidative stress induced by H2O2. Cells treated with the extract and H2O2 generated a lower amount of ROS than cells treated with H2O2 only. The obtained results will be base of further studies on applying the extract in production of diet supplements and functional foods with increased antioxidant activity. Moreover, the main research material is blueberry pomace which is a troublesome waste material for juice producers. Consequently, according to a sustainable development idea, the study results will provide an opportunity to increase interest in the problem of rational use of the waste material to a certain extent.
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20
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Alpha lipoic acid priming enhances the hepatoprotective effect of adipose derived stem cells in CCl4 induced hepatic injury in-vitro. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 906:174201. [PMID: 34118221 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells are known to support hepatic defense against liver fibrosis. However, the fibrosis induced oxidative microenvironment affects the proliferative, regenerative, and angiogenic properties of mesenchymal stem cells. Alpha lipoic acid (ALA) is a strong anti-oxidant which has been shown to ameliorate the adverse effects of fibrosis that otherwise can lead to severe liver problems like cirrhosis and liver failure. Here, we studied the protective role of ALA primed adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity in primary hepatocytes in-vitro. Priming of ADSCs helped to abrogate the damaging effects of fibrosis induced oxidative stress as evidenced by significantly reduced levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALAT) along with decreased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and improved superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. ALA and ADSCs synergistically down-regulated the expression of Bax gene, an apoptosis regulator while enhancing cell proliferation by up-regulating the expression of Bcl2l1 gene. This treatment improved the expression of albumin (Alb), cytokeratin-8 (Ck8), and hepatic nuclear factor alpha (Hnf4α). Cytochrome P450 2E1 (Cyp2e1) and Alpha fetoprotein (Afp) were down-regulated to lessen the damage caused by CCl4 treatment. Furthermore, paracrine release of several growth factors like hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), and insulin growth factor (IGF) reinforced the improved response of primary hepatocytes against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in the presence of ALA primed ADSCs. This study suggests that ALA priming may improve the therapeutic potential of ADSCs against chronic liver problems by activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream antioxidant factors heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and quinone acceptor oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1).
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21
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Goldsmith C, Rodríguez-Aguilera JR, El-Rifai I, Jarretier-Yuste A, Hervieu V, Raineteau O, Saintigny P, Chagoya de Sánchez V, Dante R, Ichim G, Hernandez-Vargas H. Low biological fluctuation of mitochondrial CpG and non-CpG methylation at the single-molecule level. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8032. [PMID: 33850190 PMCID: PMC8044111 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87457-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cytosine DNA methylation (5mC) is associated with the integrity of the genome and the transcriptional status of nuclear DNA. Due to technical limitations, it has been less clear if mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is methylated and whether 5mC has a regulatory role in this context. Here, we used bisulfite-independent single-molecule sequencing of native human and mouse DNA to study mitochondrial 5mC across different biological conditions. We first validated the ability of long-read nanopore sequencing to detect 5mC in CpG (5mCpG) and non-CpG (5mCpH) context in nuclear DNA at expected genomic locations (i.e. promoters, gene bodies, enhancers, and cell type-specific transcription factor binding sites). Next, using high coverage nanopore sequencing we found low levels of mtDNA CpG and CpH methylation (with several exceptions) and little variation across biological processes: differentiation, oxidative stress, and cancer. 5mCpG and 5mCpH were overall higher in tissues compared to cell lines, with small additional variation between cell lines of different origin. Despite general low levels, global and single-base differences were found in cancer tissues compared to their adjacent counterparts, in particular for 5mCpG. In conclusion, nanopore sequencing is a useful tool for the detection of modified DNA bases on mitochondria that avoid the biases introduced by bisulfite and PCR amplification. Enhanced nanopore basecalling models will provide further resolution on the small size effects detected here, as well as rule out the presence of other DNA modifications such as oxidized forms of 5mC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Goldsmith
- Department of Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity, TGF-Beta and Immuno-Regulation Team, Cancer Research Centre of Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, UCBL1, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laennec, 69373, Lyon Cedex 08, France.
| | - Jesús Rafael Rodríguez-Aguilera
- Department of Cellular Biology and Development, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ines El-Rifai
- Department of Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity, TGF-Beta and Immuno-Regulation Team, Cancer Research Centre of Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, UCBL1, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laennec, 69373, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Adrien Jarretier-Yuste
- Department of Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity, TGF-Beta and Immuno-Regulation Team, Cancer Research Centre of Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, UCBL1, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laennec, 69373, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Valérie Hervieu
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Raineteau
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, Bron, France
| | - Pierre Saintigny
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Department of Translational Medicine, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Victoria Chagoya de Sánchez
- Department of Cellular Biology and Development, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Robert Dante
- Dependence Receptors Cancer and Development Laboratory, Department of Signaling of Tumoral Escape. Cancer Research. Center of Lyon (CRCL), Inserm U 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laennec, 69373, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Gabriel Ichim
- Cancer Cell Death Laboratory, Part of LabEx DEVweCAN, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Cancer Research Centre of Lyon (CRCL), Inserm U 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laennec, 69373, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Hector Hernandez-Vargas
- Department of Tumor Escape, Resistance and Immunity, TGF-Beta and Immuno-Regulation Team, Cancer Research Centre of Lyon (CRCL), INSERM U 1052, CNRS UMR 5286, UCBL1, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laennec, 69373, Lyon Cedex 08, France.
- Department of Translational Medicine, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
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22
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Yi Z, Cui X, Chen G, Chen X, Jiang X, Li X. Biocompatible, Antioxidant Nanoparticles Prepared from Natural Renewable Tea Polyphenols and Human Hair Keratins for Cell Protection and Anti-inflammation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:1046-1057. [PMID: 33512989 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause oxidative stress of tissues and adversely influence homeostasis of the body. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) with an antioxidative effect can effectively eliminate the ROS, but an evident weakness associated with it is the relatively poor cytocompatibility. Combining with other biomacromolecules such as human hair keratin (KE) and using nanotechnology to prepare nanoparticles can improve this situation. By covalent bonding, we assembled KE and EGCG into KE-EGCG nanoparticles (NANO) with size of about 50 nm and characterized them by DLS, UV, FTIR, NMR, and XPS. Free radical scavenging experiments show that antioxidant properties of the obtained NANO are superior to that of vitamin C. Cell culture experiments also show that the NANO can effectively protect the proliferation of L929 cells and HUVEC cells. In addition, we also used RAW264.7 cells to establish a H2O2-induced cell injury model and an lipopolysaccharide-induced cellular inflammatory model to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of NANO. The results show that the NANO can effectively prevent cells from oxidative damage and reduce inflammatory expression of the cells, indicating that the NANO have a good antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effect on cells which can be applied to many diseases related to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Yi
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.,College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xinxing Cui
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.,College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Guangcan Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.,College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.,College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xian Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xudong Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.,College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
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23
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Guttentag A, Krishnakumar K, Cokcetin N, Hainsworth S, Harry E, Carter D. Inhibition of Dermatophyte Fungi by Australian Jarrah Honey. Pathogens 2021; 10:194. [PMID: 33670403 PMCID: PMC7918412 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10020194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Superficial dermatophyte infections, commonly known as tineas, are the most prevalent fungal ailment and are increasing in incidence, leading to an interest in alternative treatments. Many floral honeys possess antimicrobial activity due to high sugar, low pH, and the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from the activity of the bee-derived enzyme glucose oxidase. Australian jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) honey produces particularly high levels of H2O2 and has been found to be potently antifungal. This study characterized the activity of jarrah honey on fungal dermatophyte species. Jarrah honey inhibited dermatophytes with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 1.5-3.5% (w/v), which increased to ≥25% (w/v) when catalase was added. Microscopic analysis found jarrah honey inhibited the germination of Trichophyton rubrum conidia and scanning electron microscopy of mature T. rubrum hyphae after honey treatment revealed bulging and collapsed regions. When treated hyphae were stained using REDOX fluorophores these did not detect any internal oxidative stress, suggesting jarrah honey acts largely on the hyphal surface. Although H2O2 appears critical for the antifungal activity of jarrah honey and its action on fungal cells, these effects persisted when H2O2 was eliminated and could not be replicated using synthetic honey spiked with H2O2, indicating jarrah honey contains agents that augment antifungal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabel Guttentag
- Marie Bashir Institute, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (A.G.); (K.K.)
| | - Krishothman Krishnakumar
- Marie Bashir Institute, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (A.G.); (K.K.)
| | - Nural Cokcetin
- ithree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (N.C.); (E.H.)
| | | | - Elizabeth Harry
- ithree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; (N.C.); (E.H.)
| | - Dee Carter
- Marie Bashir Institute, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (A.G.); (K.K.)
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24
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Chen TS, Liou SY, Lin HH, Hung MY, Lin CC, Lin YM, Lin KH, Padma VV, Yao CH, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Oral administration of green tea Epigallocatechin-3-gallate reduces oxidative stress and enhances restoration of cardiac function in diabetic rats receiving autologous transplantation of adipose-derived stem cells. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021; 127:82-89. [PMID: 31112046 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1614631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardio-dysfunction is one of the complications in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). This paper aimed to investigate if oral administration of green tea Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG, E) and transplantation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) show cross effects on the treatment of cardiomyopathy in rats with type 1 DM. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar male rats were divided into four groups (each group contained 8 animals) including sham, DM (diabetic group), DM + ADSC (DM group with ADSC treatment) and DM + ADSC + E (DM + ADSC group with oral administration of EGCG). RESULTS Pathological parameters including hypertrophy, inflammation, and fibrosis were activated in DM group. By contrast, all parameters were significantly improved in treatment group (DM + ADSC group). In addition, improvement of pathological parameters in DM + ADSC + E was significantly better than DM + ADSC. CONCLUSION We found that EGCG can increase expression of survival marker in ADSC under high glucose environment and reduce serum oxidative stress in DM rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung-Sheng Chen
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Show-Yih Liou
- Formosan Blood Purification Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hung Lin
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Institute, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Yu Hung
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chung Lin
- Orthopaedic Department, Armed Force Taichung General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - V Vijaya Padma
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Chun-Hsu Yao
- Biomaterials Translational Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Exosomes and Mitochondria's Related-Diseases Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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25
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Yagi H, Ulici V, Tuan RS. Polyphenols suppress inducible oxidative stress in human osteoarthritic and bovine chondrocytes. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2020; 2:100064. [PMID: 36474689 PMCID: PMC9718082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2020.100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) have been implicated in chondrocyte senescence and cartilage aging, pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA), and rheumatoid arthritis. Naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds (PPCs), such as curcumin (turmeric), resveratrol (grape), and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) (green tea), have been known for their anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects. However, the potential protective effects of these PPCs against oxidative stress in chondrocytes are unclear. To investigate this, bovine articular chondrocytes and human osteoarthritic chondrocytes were pre-treated with PPCs at varying concentrations, and then exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as an ROS inducer or S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) as a NO donor. Alternatively, chondrocytes were co-treated with polyphenols and H2O2. Intracellular ROS/NO were measured using a fluorescent dye technique (H2DCF-DA for ROS; DAF-FM for NO). Our findings showed that PPC pre-/co-treatment inhibited both H2O2-induced ROS and SNAP-induced NO at different concentrations in both bovine chondrocytes and human osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Curcumin also increased glutathione peroxidase activity in the presence of H2O2 in bovine chondrocytes. Taken together, these findings indicate that PPCs are capable of suppressing oxidative stress- induced responses in chondrocytes, which may have potential therapeutic value for OA clinical application.
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Key Words
- Chondrocytes
- DAF-FM, 4-amino-5-methylamino-2′,7′-difluorofluorescein
- DMEM, Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium
- DMOADs, disease modifying osteoarthritis drugs
- DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide
- EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- EGCG, epigallocatechin-3-gallate
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- GPx, glutathione peroxidase
- H2DCF-DA, 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate
- H2O2, hydrogen peroxide
- NAC, N-acetyl-l-cysteine
- NO, nitric oxide
- Oxidative stress
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- Polyphenols
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- Reactive oxygen species
- SNAP, S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine
- l-NAME, Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruyo Yagi
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | | | - Rocky S. Tuan
- Corresponding author. Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.
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26
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Becer E, Soykut G, Kabadayi H, Mammadov E, ÇaliŞ İ, Vatansever S. Obtaining Stem Cell Spheroids from Foreskin Tissue and the Effect of Corchorus olitorius L. on Spheroid Proliferation. Turk J Pharm Sci 2020; 17:265-270. [PMID: 32636703 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2019.05658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Mesenchymal stem cells are self-renewing stem cells. The human foreskin has potential to be used as a source of stem cells. The aim of the study was to obtain spheroid formation of human foreskin cells (hnFSSCs) isolated from newborn human foreskin tissue. In addition, the apoptotic and proliferative effects of a traditional plant, Corchorus olitorius L. (C. olitorius), on hnFSSC spheroids were investigated. Materials and Methods After a routine circumcision procedure the cells were isolated and cultured in suitable medium. The plant leaves was extracted with ethanol and their composition was analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The foreskin stem cells were characterized immunocytochemically by CD45, CD34, and CD90 antibodies. hnFSSC spheroids were formed using the hanging drop technique. Immunofluorescence staining was used on the obtained spheroids to determine the distribution of caspase-3 and Ki-67 after being treated with C. olitorius extract for 48 h. Results Immunostaining analysis showed that hnFSSCs were positive for CD45 and CD34 and negative for CD90. According to LC-MS/MS C. olitorius was rich in flavanols and hydrocinnamic acid derivatives. Although the spheroids obtained were loose and floating, the cells interacted with each other. Caspase-3 activity was higher in the control group than in the extract-treated group and Ki-67 was higher in the extract-treated group than in the control group, suggesting that the plant might have the capacity to increase stem cell proliferation due to its rich polyphenolic content. Conclusion The results suggest that hnFSSCs and spheroids might be used in stem cell generation, tissue repair and renewal as human foreskin tissue has potential to be used as a stem cell source. C. olitorius also increased proliferation of hnFSSCs, showing that polyphenols might increase proliferation of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eda Becer
- Near East University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Nicosia, North Cyprus
| | - Günsu Soykut
- Near East University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Nicosia, North Cyprus
| | - Hilal Kabadayi
- Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Emil Mammadov
- Near East University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nicosia, North Cyprus
| | - İhsan ÇaliŞ
- Near East University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Nicosia, North Cyprus
| | - Seda Vatansever
- Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Manisa, Turkey
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27
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Liao N, Shi Y, Wang Y, Liao F, Zhao B, Zheng Y, Zeng Y, Liu X, Liu J. Antioxidant preconditioning improves therapeutic outcomes of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells through enhancing intrahepatic engraftment efficiency in a mouse liver fibrosis model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:237. [PMID: 32546282 PMCID: PMC7298967 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01763-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although it has been preclinically suggested that adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADSC)-based therapy could effectively treat chronic liver diseases, the hepatic engraftment of ADSCs is still extremely low, which severely limits their long-term efficacy for chronic liver diseases. This study was designed to investigate the impact of antioxidant preconditioning on hepatic engraftment efficiency and therapeutic outcomes of ADSC transplantation in liver fibrotic mice. METHODS Liver fibrosis model was established by using intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in the male C57BL/6 mice. Subsequently, the ADSCs with or without antioxidant pretreatment (including melatonin and reduced glutathione (GSH)) were administrated into fibrotic mice via tail vein injection. Afterwards, the ADSC transplantation efficiency was analyzed by ex vivo imaging, and the liver functions were assessed by biochemical analysis and histopathological examination, respectively. Additionally, a typical hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cell injury model was applied to mimic the cell oxidative injury to further investigate the protective effects of antioxidant preconditioning on cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis of ADSCs. RESULTS Our data showed that antioxidant preconditioning could enhance the therapeutic effects of ADSCs on liver function recovery by reducing the level of AST, ALT, and TBIL, as well as the content of hepatic hydroxyproline and fibrotic area in liver tissues. Particularly, we also found that antioxidant preconditioning could enhance hepatic engraftment efficiency of ADSCs in liver fibrosis model through inhibiting oxidative injury. CONCLUSIONS Antioxidant preconditioning could effectively improve therapeutic effects of ADSC transplantation for liver fibrosis through enhancing intrahepatic engraftment efficiency by reducing oxidative injuries. These findings might provide a practical strategy for enhancing ADSC transplantation and therapeutic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naishun Liao
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.,Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China.,Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjun Shi
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.,Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China.,Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingchao Wang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.,Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China.,Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangyu Liao
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.,Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China.,Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China
| | - Bixing Zhao
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.,Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China.,Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China
| | - Youshi Zheng
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.,Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China.,Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongyi Zeng
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.,Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China.,Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China.,The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China. .,Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China. .,Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingfeng Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China. .,Liver Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350007, People's Republic of China. .,Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, People's Republic of China. .,The Liver Center of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350025, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Chen Y, Tang L. Stem Cell Senescence: the Obstacle of the Treatment of Degenerative Disk Disease. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 14:654-668. [PMID: 31490764 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x14666190906163253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) has a pivotal role in the maintenance of flexible motion. IVD degeneration is one of the primary causes of low back pain and disability, which seriously influences patients' health, and increases the family and social economic burden. Recently, stem cell therapy has been proven to be more effective on IVD degeneration disease. However, stem cell senescence is the limiting factor in the IVD degeneration treatment. Senescent stem cells have a negative effect on the self-repair on IVD degeneration. In this review, we delineate that the factors such as telomerase shortening, DNA damage, oxidative stress, microenvironment and exosomes will induce stem cell aging. Recent studies tried to delay the aging of stem cells by regulating the expression of aging-related genes and proteins, changing the activity of telomerase, improving the survival microenvironment of stem cells and drug treatment. Understanding the mechanism of stem cell aging and exploring new approaches to delay or reverse stem cell aging asks for research on the repair of the degenerated disc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Liling Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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29
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Panahi M, Rahimi B, Rahimi G, Yew Low T, Saraygord-Afshari N, Alizadeh E. Cytoprotective effects of antioxidant supplementation on mesenchymal stem cell therapy. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6462-6495. [PMID: 32239727 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are earmarked as perfect candidates for cell therapy and tissue engineering due to their capacity to differentiate into different cell types. However, their potential for application in regenerative medicine declines when the levels of the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) increase from the physiological levels, a phenomenon which is at least inevitable in ex vivo cultures and air-exposed damaged tissues. Increased levels of RONS can alter the patterns of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation and inhibit proliferation, as well. Besides, oxidative stress enhances senescence and cell death, thus lowering the success rates of the MSC engraftment. Hence, in this review, we have selected some representatives of antioxidants and newly emerged nano antioxidants in three main categories, including chemical compounds, biometabolites, and protein precursors/proteins, which are proved to be effective in the treatment of MSCs. We will focus on how antioxidants can be applied to optimize the clinical usage of the MSCs and their associated signaling pathways. We have also reviewed several paralleled properties of some antioxidants and nano antioxidants which can be simultaneously used in real-time imaging, scaffolding techniques, and other applications in addition to their primary antioxidative function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Panahi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahareh Rahimi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golbarg Rahimi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Esfahan, Esfahan, Iran
| | - Teck Yew Low
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Neda Saraygord-Afshari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Effat Alizadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center and Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Blueberry Juice Antioxidants Protect Osteogenic Activity against Oxidative Stress and Improve Long-Term Activation of the Mineralization Process in Human Osteoblast-Like SaOS-2 Cells: Involvement of SIRT1. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9020125. [PMID: 32024159 PMCID: PMC7070538 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diets rich in fruits and vegetables with many antioxidants can be very important in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Studies show that oxidative stress, often due to lack of antioxidants, is involved in alteration of bone remodeling and reduction in bone density. This study demonstrates in human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells that blueberry juice (BJ), containing 7.5 or 15 μg∙mL-1 total soluble polyphenols (TSP), is able to prevent the inhibition of osteogenic differentiation and the mineralization process due to oxidative stress induced by glutathione depletion. This situation mimics a metabolic condition of oxidative stress that may occur during estrogen deficiency. The effect of BJ phytochemicals occurs through redox- and non-redox-regulated mechanisms. BJ protects from oxidative damage factors related to bone remodeling and bone formation, such as alkaline phosphatase and Runt-related transcription factor 2. It upregulates these factors by activation of sirtuin type 1 deacetylase expression, a possible molecular target for anti-osteoporotic drugs. Quantitative analysis of TSP in BJ shows high levels of anthocyanins with high antioxidant capacity and bioavailability. These novel data may be important to elucidate the molecular and cellular beneficial effects of blueberry polyphenols on bone regeneration, and they suggest their use as a dietary supplement for osteoporosis prevention and therapies.
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Ghorbani A, Sadeghnia HR, Afshari AR, Hosseini A. Rosmarinic Acid Protects Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Nutrient-Deficient Conditions. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2020; 24:449-455. [PMID: 31915641 PMCID: PMC6941722 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2019.24.4.449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major challenges for stem cell therapy of ischemic organs is that the transplanted cells are confronted with nutrient deficiency and oxidative stress. Previous studies have indicated that pretreatment of stem cells with cytoprotective phytochemicals improves their therapeutic potential. This study was aimed to investigate whether rosmarinic acid can enhance survival of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) in nutrient-deficient culture as an in vitro model of ischemia. The ASCs were isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue of male adult Wistar rats and incubated for 24 h with rosmarinic acid in nutrient-deficient (glucose- and serum-deprived, GSD) culture medium. In a separate experiment, ASCs were pre-incubated for 4 h with rosmarinic acid and then exposed to GSD conditions for 24 h. The viability of ASCs was determined using thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide assays. The effect of rosmarinic acid on the cell cycle was evaluated using propidium iodide staining. GSD conditions significantly decreased the viability of ASCs and enhanced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, sub-G1 cell populations, and necrosis. Both pre-incubation and incubation of ASCs with 0.75~6 μM rosmarinic acid significantly increased cell viability in GSD conditions. Rosmarinic acid further decreased the level of ROS, lipid peroxidation, the percent of cells in sub-G1 stage, and necrosis in GSD conditions. These findings suggest that rosmarinic acid enhances survival of ASCs cultured in nutrient-deficient conditions through promoting antioxidant effects. Therefore, rosmarinic acid may help preserve ASCs survival after they are transplanted into ischemic organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghorbani
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91779-44553, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Sadeghnia
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91779-44553, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd 94149-74877, Iran
| | - Azar Hosseini
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91779-44553, Iran
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Chung TW, Chang CY, Chang CN, Liao CH, Jan YJ, Chen LT, Chen WP. Developing a Silk Fibroin Composite Film to Scavenge and Probe H 2O 2 Associated with UV-Excitable Blue Fluorescence. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20020366. [PMID: 31936424 PMCID: PMC7014260 DOI: 10.3390/s20020366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A silk fibroin composite film that can simultaneously scavenge and probe H2O2 in situ was developed for possibly examining local concentrations of H2O2 for biomedical applications. A multi-functional composite film (GDES) that consists of graphene oxide (G), a photothermally responsive element that was blended with polydopamine (PDA, D)/horseradish peroxidase (HRP, E) (or DE complex), and then GDE microaggregates were coated with silk fibroin (SF, S), a tyrosine-containing protein. At 37 °C, the H2O2-scavenging ability of a GDES film in solution at approximately 7.5 × 10-3 μmol H2O2/mg film was the highest compared with those of S and GS films. The intensities of UV-excitable blue fluorescence of a GDES film linearly increased with increasing H2O2 concentrations from 4.0 μM to 80 μM at 37 °C. Interestingly, after a GDES film scavenged H2O2, the UV-excitable blue fluorescent film could be qualitatively monitored by eye, making the film an eye-probe H2O2 sensor. A GDES film enabled to heat H2O2-containing samples to 37 °C or higher by the absorption of near-IR irradiation at 808 nm. The good biocompatibility of a GDES film was examined according to the requirements of ISO-10993-5. Accordingly, a GDES film was developed herein to scavenge and eye-probe H2O2 in situ and so it has potential for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tze-Wen Chung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (C.-N.C.); (L.-T.C.)
- The Center for Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Research, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-W.C.); (W.-P.C.); Tel.: +886-2-2826-7019 (T.-W.C.); +886-2-2771-2171 (W.-P.C.)
| | - Chun-Yi Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (C.-N.C.); (L.-T.C.)
| | - Chun-Ning Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (C.-N.C.); (L.-T.C.)
| | - Chiu-Hsun Liao
- Miaoli District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Miaoli County 36346, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); or
| | - Yun-Jen Jan
- Miaoli District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Miaoli County 36346, Taiwan; (C.-H.L.); or
| | - Li-Ting Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, No.155, Sec.2, Linong Street, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (C.-N.C.); (L.-T.C.)
| | - Weng-Pin Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
- Additive Manufacturing Center for Mass Customization Production, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-W.C.); (W.-P.C.); Tel.: +886-2-2826-7019 (T.-W.C.); +886-2-2771-2171 (W.-P.C.)
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Concetta Scuto M, Mancuso C, Tomasello B, Laura Ontario M, Cavallaro A, Frasca F, Maiolino L, Trovato Salinaro A, Calabrese EJ, Calabrese V. Curcumin, Hormesis and the Nervous System. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2417. [PMID: 31658697 PMCID: PMC6835324 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a polyphenol compound extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa Linn (family Zingiberaceae) commonly used as a spice to color and flavor food. Several preclinical studies have suggested beneficial roles for curcumin as an adjuvant therapy in free radical-based diseases, mainly neurodegenerative disorders. Indeed, curcumin belongs to the family of hormetins and the enhancement of the cell stress response, mainly the heme oxygenase-1 system, is actually considered the common denominator for this dual response. However, evidence-based medicine has clearly demonstrated the lack of any therapeutic effect of curcumin to contrast the onset or progression of neurodegeneration and related diseases. Finally, the curcumin safety profile imposes a careful analysis of the risk/benefit balance prior to proposing chronic supplementation with curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Concetta Scuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Torre Biologica, Via Santa Sofia, 97-95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Cesare Mancuso
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy.
- Institute of Pharmacology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00168 Roma, Italy.
| | - Barbara Tomasello
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Torre Biologica, Via Santa Sofia, 97-95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Maria Laura Ontario
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Torre Biologica, Via Santa Sofia, 97-95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Andrea Cavallaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Torre Biologica, Via Santa Sofia, 97-95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Francesco Frasca
- Department of Clinical and experimental Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Luigi Maiolino
- Department of Medical and Surgery Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Angela Trovato Salinaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Torre Biologica, Via Santa Sofia, 97-95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Edward J Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Torre Biologica, Via Santa Sofia, 97-95125 Catania, Italy.
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Sharifi S, Zununi Vahed S, Ahmadian E, Maleki Dizaj S, Abedi A, Hosseiniyan Khatibi SM, Samiei M. Stem Cell Therapy: Curcumin Does the Trick. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2927-2937. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simin Sharifi
- Dental and Periodontal Research CenterTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | | | - Elham Ahmadian
- Kidney Research CenterTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Solmaz Maleki Dizaj
- Dental and Periodontal Research CenterTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Atefeh Abedi
- Faculty of DentistryTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Samiei
- Faculty of DentistryTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Stem Cell Research CenterTabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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Zhou W, Liang X, Zhang Y, Li K, Jin B, Lu L, Jin C, Lin X. Reduced nitrogen supply enhances the cellular antioxidant potential of phenolic extracts through alteration of the phenolic composition in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:4761-4771. [PMID: 30932195 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitrogen availability is an important environmental factor that determines the production of phenolic compounds in vegetables, but the relationship between low nitrogen-induced alterations of phenolic compounds in vegetable crops and the cellular antioxidant activities of these compounds remains unclear. This study investigated the effect of reduced nitrogen supply (0.05 mmol L-1 nitrate) on phenolic metabolism in lettuce and the protective role of phenolic extracts against H2 O2 -induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells by determining cell damage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and antioxidant enzyme activities. RESULTS Reduced nitrogen supply significantly improved the accumulation of phenolic compounds in lettuce, which was partially correlated with the upregulation of genes related to the phenolic synthesis pathway. Phenolic extracts from lettuce cultivated in low-nitrogen medium exhibited a better protective effect against H2 O2 -induced oxidative damage in Caco-2 cells than those from lettuce cultivated with adequate nitrogen. These extracts act by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and, subsequently, by inhibiting ROS overproduction, which leads to a decrease in mitochondrial membrane and DNA damage. The results of HPLC and correlation analyses implied that the improvement in the protective capacity of lettuce extracts after low-nitrogen treatment may be related, not only to the increased content of phenolic compounds, but also to the increased percentage contribution of chlorogenic acid and quercetin derivatives to the total phenolic content. CONCLUSION Reduction in nitrogen supply can be a powerful strategy to modify phenolic metabolism and composition in lettuce and, consequently, to improve their antioxidant capacity. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yimo Zhang
- Shanghai Pinghe Bilingual School, Shanghai, China
| | - Kejie Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingjie Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingli Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil Science and Plant Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chongwei Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil Science and Plant Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianyong Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil Science and Plant Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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36
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Calabrese EJ, Dhawan G, Kapoor R, Mattson MP, Rattan SIS. Curcumin and hormesis with particular emphasis on neural cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 129:399-404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Serwotka-Suszczak AM, Marcinkowska KA, Smieszek A, Michalak IM, Grzebyk M, Wiśniewski M, Marycz KM. The Haematococcus pluvialis extract enriched by bioaccumulation process with Mg(II) ions improves insulin resistance in equine adipose-derived stromal cells (EqASCs). Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 116:108972. [PMID: 31103825 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is one of the characteristic features of equine metabolic syndrome (EMS). Presently, the only therapies of choice are caloric restrictions combined with mineral supplementation, which might improve insulin sensitivity. In this study we investigated the effect of Haematococcus pluvialis algae water extract enriched in bioaccumulation process in magnesium ions (Hp_Mg(II)) on equine adipose derived mesenchymal stromal stem cells, in which insulin resistance was induced by palmitic acid (IR-EqASCs). For this purpose, chemical characterization of H. pluvialis was performed with special emphasis on the analysis of minerals composition, total phenolic and carotenoids contents, as well as scavenging activity. To examine the influence of H. pluvialis extract on IR-EqASCs, various methods of molecular biology and microscopic observations (i.e., immunofluorescence staining, SEM, gene expression by RT-qPCR, proliferative and metabolic cells activity analysis) were applied to investigate in vitro viability, oxidative stress markers and apoptosis-related factor accumulation, along with insulin resistance-related genes expression. Obtained results show, that Hp_Mg(II) significantly improves proliferative and metabolic activity of IR-EqASCs, shortens their population doubling time, improves their clonogenic potential and reduces expression of apoptosis related genes. Moreover, anti-oxidative effect of extract was presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Serwotka-Suszczak
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Klaudia A Marcinkowska
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Smieszek
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Izabela M Michalak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25 St, 50-372 Wrocław, Poland.
| | | | | | - Krzysztof M Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Zhang J, Wu K, Xu T, Wu J, Li P, Wang H, Wu H, Wu G. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate enhances the osteoblastogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:1311-1321. [PMID: 31114166 PMCID: PMC6485322 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s192683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major polyphenol extracted from green tea, on the osteoblastogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs). Patients and methods hASCs were acquired from human adipose tissue. With informed consent, subcutaneous adipose tissue samples were harvested from periorbital fat pad resections from ten healthy female adults who underwent double eyelid surgery. hASCs were cultured in osteogenic medium with or without EGCG (1 μM, 5 μM, or 10 μM) for 14 days. We evaluated the effects of EGCG by quantifying cell growth, ALP activity (an early osteoblastogenic differentiation marker), BSP, OCN (a late osteoblastogenic differentiation marker), and extracellular matrix mineralization. We also performed Western blots to measure osteoblastogenesis-related proteins such as Runx2 and adipoblastogenesis-related transcription factors, such as STAT3, C/EBP-α, and PPAR-γ. Results EGCG at 5 μM resulted in significantly higher cell proliferation and ALP activity than did the control on days 3, 7, and 14. On day 7, 5 μM EGCG significantly enhanced BSP expression. On day 14, EGCG at all concentrations promoted OCN expression. In addition, EGCG at 5 μM resulted in the highest level of extracellular matrix mineralization. On day 3, the expression levels of Runx2 were significantly higher in the 5 μM EGCG group than in the other groups, whereas later, on days 7 and 14, Runx2 expression levels in the EGCG group were significantly lower than those of the control group. EGCG at all three concentrations was associated with significantly lower levels of phosphorylated STAT3, C/EBP-α, and PPAR-γ. Conclusion EGCG at 5 μM significantly enhanced the osteoblastogenic differentiation of hASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,
| | - Kai Wu
- Spine Lab, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajun Wu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, North Holland, the Netherlands
| | - Huiling Wu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, North Holland, the Netherlands,
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Domazetovic V, Marcucci G, Pierucci F, Bruno G, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C, Brandi ML, Iantomasi T, Meacci E, Vincenzini MT. Blueberry juice protects osteocytes and bone precursor cells against oxidative stress partly through SIRT1. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:1082-1096. [PMID: 31006177 PMCID: PMC6551492 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and abnormal osteocyte apoptosis are often related to dysregulation of bone turnover and chronic bone loss, and so fruit and vegetables with high antioxidant potential may play an important role in the prevention and/or management of osteoporosis. Osteocytes are the main regulators of bone remodelling. For the first time, we demonstrate here that blueberry juice (BJ), obtained from Vaccinium myrtillus, rich in polyphenols, shows antioxidant and antiosteoclastogenic properties in MLO‐Y4 osteocytes. We report that BJ prevents oxidative stress‐induced apoptosis and reverses the increase in receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand and sclerostin expression, crucial factors for osteoclast activation and bone resorption. BJ is also able to prevent oxidative stress‐induced cell cytotoxicity in bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which are considered to be an important tool for cell therapy in bone disorders. No significant difference in preventing these events was observed between BJ and blueberry dry extract containing equal amounts of total soluble polyphenols. We have also shown that blueberry acts as both an antioxidant and an activator of sirtuin type 1, a class III histone deacetylase involved in cell death regulation and considered a molecular target for blocking bone resorption without affecting osteoclast survival. Overall, these novel data obtained in osteocytes and MSCs may help us clarify the mechanisms by which blueberry counteracts oxidative stress‐induced damage in bone remodelling and osteogenesis at the cellular and molecular level. Our findings are consistent with the reported beneficial effects of blueberry on bone tissue reported in animal studies, which suggest that blueberry may be a useful supplement for the prevention and/or management of osteoporosis and osteogenic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladana Domazetovic
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences 'Mario Serio', University of Florence, Italy
| | - Gemma Marcucci
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences 'Mario Serio', University of Florence, Italy
| | - Federica Pierucci
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences 'Mario Serio', University of Florence, Italy
| | - Gennaro Bruno
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Brandi
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences 'Mario Serio', University of Florence, Italy
| | - Teresa Iantomasi
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences 'Mario Serio', University of Florence, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Meacci
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences 'Mario Serio', University of Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Vincenzini
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences 'Mario Serio', University of Florence, Italy
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Effect of Chitosan Nanoparticle-Loaded Thymus serpyllum on Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Damage. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:5142518. [PMID: 30956670 PMCID: PMC6431441 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5142518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We have determined the protective effects of Thymus serpyllum (TS) extract and nanoparticle-loaded TS on hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in vitro. Gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy confirmed the spectrum of active components in the extract. Out of the three different extracts, the hexane extract showed significant free radical scavenging activity. Treatment of MSCs with H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) significantly increased intracellular cell death; however, pretreatment with TS extract and nanoparticle-loaded TS (200 μg/ml) suppressed H2O2-induced elevation of Cyt-c and MMP13 and increased the survival rates of MSCs. H2O2-induced (0.1 mM) changes in cytokines were attenuated in the extract and nanoparticles by pretreatment and cotreatment at two time points (p < 0.05). H2O2 increased cell apoptosis. In contrast, treatment with nanoparticle-loaded TS suppressed the percentage of apoptosis considerably (p < 0.05). Therefore, TS may be considered as a potential candidate for enhancing the effectiveness of MSC transplantation in cell therapy.
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Surface tethering of stem cells with H 2O 2-responsive anti-oxidizing colloidal particles for protection against oxidation-induced death. Biomaterials 2019; 201:1-15. [PMID: 30784768 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells are the new generation of medicine for treating numerous vascular diseases and tissue defects because of their ability to secrete therapeutic factors. Poor cellular survival in an oxidative diseased tissue, however, hinders the therapeutic efficacy. To this end, we hypothesized that tethering the surface of stem cells with colloidal particles capable of discharging antioxidant cargos in response to elevated levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) would maintain survival and therapeutic activity of the stem cells. We examined this hypothesis by encapsulating epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and manganese oxide (MnO2) nanocatalysts into particles comprising poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)-block-hyaluronic acid. The MnO2 nanocatalysts catalyzed the decomposition of H2O2 into oxygen gas, which increased the internal pressure of particles and accelerated the release of EGCG by 1.5-fold. Consequently, stem cells exhibited 1.2-fold higher metabolic activity and 2.8-fold higher secretion level of pro-angiogenic factor in sub-lethal H2O2 concentrations. These stem cells, in turn, performed a greater angiogenic potential with doubled number of newly formed mature blood vessels. We envisage that the results of this study will contribute to improving the therapeutic efficacy of a wide array of stem cells.
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The protective effect of epigallocatechin 3-gallate on mouse pancreatic islets via the Nrf2 pathway. Surg Today 2019; 49:536-545. [PMID: 30730004 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-019-1761-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG), a green tea polyphenol, has been shown to have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanism of EGCG on isolated pancreatic islets as pre-conditioning for pancreatic islet transplantation. METHODS The pancreatic islets were divided into two groups: an islet culture medium group (control) and an islet culture medium with EGCG (100 µM) group. We investigated the islet viability, Nrf2 expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mRNA. Five hundred islet equivalents after 12 h of culture for the EGCG 100 µM and control group were transplanted under the kidney capsule of streptozotocin-induced diabetic ICR mice. RESULTS The cell viability and insulin secretion ability in the EGCG group were preserved, and the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 was increased in the EGCG group (p < 0.01). While the HO-1 mRNA levels were also higher in the EGCG group than in the control group (p < 0.05), the ROS production was lower (p < 0.01). An in vivo functional assessment showed that the blood glucose level had decreased in the EGCG group after transplantation (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION EGCG protects the viability and function of islets by suppressing ROS production via the Nrf2 pathway.
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Madhurakkat Perikamana SK, Lee SM, Lee J, Ahmad T, Lee MS, Yang HS, Shin H. Oxidative Epigallocatechin Gallate Coating on Polymeric Substrates for Bone Tissue Regeneration. Macromol Biosci 2019; 19:e1800392. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sajeesh Kumar Madhurakkat Perikamana
- Department of BioengineeringHanyang University 222 Wangsimni‐ro Seongdong‐gu Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team 222 Wangsimni‐ro Seongdong‐gu Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Min Lee
- Department of BioengineeringHanyang University 222 Wangsimni‐ro Seongdong‐gu Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team 222 Wangsimni‐ro Seongdong‐gu Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkyu Lee
- Department of BioengineeringHanyang University 222 Wangsimni‐ro Seongdong‐gu Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team 222 Wangsimni‐ro Seongdong‐gu Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Taufiq Ahmad
- Department of BioengineeringHanyang University 222 Wangsimni‐ro Seongdong‐gu Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team 222 Wangsimni‐ro Seongdong‐gu Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea
| | - Min Suk Lee
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative MedicineDankook University Cheonan 31116 Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Seok Yang
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative MedicineDankook University Cheonan 31116 Republic of Korea
| | - Heungsoo Shin
- Department of BioengineeringHanyang University 222 Wangsimni‐ro Seongdong‐gu Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team 222 Wangsimni‐ro Seongdong‐gu Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea
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Hu C, Li L. Melatonin plays critical role in mesenchymal stem cell-based regenerative medicine in vitro and in vivo. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:13. [PMID: 30635065 PMCID: PMC6329089 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1114-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although stem cells have emerged as promising sources for regenerative medicine, there are many potential safety hazards for their clinical application, including tumorigenicity, an availability shortage, senescence, and sensitivity to toxic environments. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have various advantages compared to other stem cells, including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs); thus, MSCs have been intensely investigated in recent studies. However, they are placed in a harsh environment after isolation and transplantation, and the adverse microenvironment substantially reduces the viability and therapeutic effects of MSCs. Intriguingly, melatonin (MT), which is primarily secreted by the pineal organ, has been found to influence the fate of MSCs during various physiological and pathological processes. In this review, we will focus on the recent progress made regarding the influence of MT on stem cell biology and its implications for regenerative medicine. In addition, several biomaterials have been proven to significantly improve the protective effects of MT on MSCs by controlling the release of MT. Collectively, MT will be a promising agent for enhancing MSC activities and the regenerative capacity via the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the release of immune factors in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxia Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Cherniack EP, Chekuri S, Lee HF. Potential Non-neoplastic Applications for Polyphenols in Stem Cell Utilization. Curr Drug Targets 2018; 20:347-353. [PMID: 30062965 DOI: 10.2174/1389450119666180731092453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
While polyphenols may have important effects on pluripotential stem cells that make them noteworthy as potential antineoplastic agents, their action on stem cells may portend other health benefits, such as treatments for cardiovascular and neurocognitive disorders. Resveratrol, the beststudied polyphenol, has been found to enable stem cells to differentiate into cardiomyocytes, neurons, osteocytes, and pancreatic beta cells, as well as facilitating augmentation of stem cell populations and protecting them from toxic injury. Curcumin protects mesenchymal stem cells from toxicity, and prevents them from facilitating chondrocytic hypertrophy. Quercetin enabled osteocytic and pancreatic beta cell differentiation, and protected neuronal stem cells from injury. Epigallocatechin gallate prevented damage to osteocyte precursors and averted differentiation into undesirable adipocytes. Genistein facilitated osteogenesis while preventing adipogenesis. Several other polyphenols, daidzein, caffeic and chlorogenic acid, kaempferol, and piceatannol, protect stems cells from reactive oxygen species and foster stem cells differentiation away from adipocytic and toward osteocytic lineages. Further research should better elucidate the pharmacokinetic profiles of each polyphenol, explore novel delivery systems, and expand investigation beyond rodent models to additional species.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Paul Cherniack
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Geriatrics and Extended Care Service, Bruce W. Carter VA Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Sahithi Chekuri
- Geriatrics and Extended Care Service, Bruce W. Carter VA Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Heather F Lee
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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Bhatti FUR, Kim SJ, Yi AK, Hasty KA, Cho H. Cytoprotective role of vitamin E in porcine adipose-tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells against hydrogen-peroxide-induced oxidative stress. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 374:111-120. [PMID: 29951700 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2857-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Survival of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) against oxidative stress and inflammation is vital for effective stem cell therapy. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) result in apoptosis and release of inflammatory mediators. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have shown promise for stem cell therapy owing to their anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity. Previously, we showed the benefits of vitamin E against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in rat bone marrow-derived MSCs. In this study, we aim to evaluate the effect of vitamin E treatment on porcine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (pASCs) against H2O2-induced oxidative stress. The oxidative stress was induced by treating pASCs with 500 μM H2O2 with or without vitamin E. Viability of pASCs is enhanced after vitamin E treatment. In addition, reduced cellular toxicity, total NO level, PGE2 production and caspase-3 activity were observed after vitamin E treatment. Gene expression analysis of vitamin E-treated pASCs showed down-regulated expression for the genes associated with oxidative stress and apoptosis, viz., NOS2, Casp3, p53, BAX, MDM2, NFκB, HIF1α and VEGF-A genes. On the other hand, expression of anti-apoptotic and survival genes was up-regulated, viz., BCL2, BCL2L1 and MCL1. Furthermore, phosphorylation of Akt was attenuated following vitamin E treatment. The findings of this study may help in developing effective stem cell therapy for the diseases characterized by the oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazal Ur Rehman Bhatti
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center-Campbell Clinic, Memphis, TN, USA.,Memphis VA Medical Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Song Ja Kim
- Kongju National University, Gongju, South Korea
| | - Ae-Kyung Yi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Karen A Hasty
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center-Campbell Clinic, Memphis, TN, USA. .,Memphis VA Medical Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Hongsik Cho
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center-Campbell Clinic, Memphis, TN, USA. .,Memphis VA Medical Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Shao S, Yi J, Regenstein JM, Cheng C, Zhang H, Zhao H, Wang Z. Protective Effects on 60Co-γ Radiation Damage of Pine Cone Polyphenols from Pinus koraiensis-Loaded Chitosan Microspheres In Vivo. Molecules 2018; 23:E1392. [PMID: 29890658 PMCID: PMC6099522 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel chitosan microsphere for encapsulating pine cone polyphenols (PP) from P. koraiensis was successfully prepared using an emulsion crosslinking technique. The characteristics of pine polyphenol-loaded microspheres (PPM) were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a laser particle size detector. It was found that PPMs were spherical in shape with uniform particle size distribution patterns. The drug content and encapsulation rate of the microspheres were 7.47% and 73.6%, respectively, at a Ch/GA mass ratio of 0.7. The animal experiments showed that PPM had a stronger radiation protective effect than PP. PPM significantly increased the immune organ indices, the quantity of marrow DNA, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, the splenocyte proliferation index, and the phagocytosis activity of monocytes. PPM also decreased the numbers of micronuclei in bone marrow cells and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in plasma in mice exposed to 60Co γ-irradiation. In addition, gender differences in biological responses to exposure to radiation were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujuan Shao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Juanjuan Yi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China.
| | - Joe M Regenstein
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-7201, USA.
| | - Cuilin Cheng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Haitian Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China.
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Inducers of Senescence, Toxic Compounds, and Senolytics: The Multiple Faces of Nrf2-Activating Phytochemicals in Cancer Adjuvant Therapy. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:4159013. [PMID: 29618945 PMCID: PMC5829354 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4159013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The reactivation of senescence in cancer and the subsequent clearance of senescent cells are suggested as therapeutic intervention in the eradication of cancer. Several natural compounds that activate Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2) pathway, which is involved in complex cytoprotective responses, have been paradoxically shown to induce cell death or senescence in cancer. Promoting the cytoprotective Nrf2 pathway may be desirable for chemoprevention, but it might be detrimental in later stages and advanced cancers. However, senolytic activity shown by some Nrf2-activating compounds could be used to target senescent cancer cells (particularly in aged immune-depressed organisms) that escape immunosurveillance. We herein describe in vitro and in vivo effects of fifteen Nrf2-interacting natural compounds (tocotrienols, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, genistein, resveratrol, silybin, phenethyl isothiocyanate, sulforaphane, triptolide, allicin, berberine, piperlongumine, fisetin, and phloretin) on cellular senescence and discuss their use in adjuvant cancer therapy. In light of available literature, it can be concluded that the meaning and the potential of adjuvant therapy with natural compounds in humans remain unclear, also taking into account the existence of few clinical trials mostly characterized by uncertain results. Further studies are needed to investigate the therapeutic potential of those compounds that display senolytic activity.
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Chen TS, Liou SY, Kuo CH, Pan LF, Yeh YL, Liou J, Padma VV, Yao CH, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Green tea epigallocatechin gallate enhances cardiac function restoration through survival signaling expression in diabetes mellitus rats with autologous adipose tissue-derived stem cells. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2017; 123:1081-1091. [PMID: 28546469 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00471.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study tests a hypothesis that cardioprotective effects mediated by autologous adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) in rats afflicted with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may be synergistically enhanced by oral treatment with green tea epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). Wistar rats were divided into sham, DM, DM+ADSC (autologous transplanted 1 × 106 cells per rat), and DM+ADSC+E (E, green tea oral administration EGCG). Heart tissues were isolated from all rats, and investigations were performed after 2-mo treatment. In the sham, DM, and DM+ADSC groups, we found that DM induced cardiac dysfunction (sham and DM) and autologous ADSC transplantation could partially recover cardiac functions (DM and DM+ADSC) in DM rats. Compared with DM+ADSC, significant improvement in cardiac functions can be observed in DM+ADSC+E in echocardiographic data, histological observations, and even cellular protein expression. Oral green tea EGCG administration and autologous ADSC transplantation show synergistically beneficial effects on diabetic cardiac myopathy in DM rats. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Cardiomyopathy can be induced in rats with diabetes mellitus (DM). Heart function can be restored in DM rats with adipose-derived stem cell treatment. Oral epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) administration synergistically enhances cardiac function in DM rats with stem cell treatment. The EGCG and stem cell treatment cross-effect occurs via survival protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung-Sheng Chen
- Biomaterials Translational Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Show-Yih Liou
- Formosan Blood Purification Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lung-Fa Pan
- Division of Cardiology, Armed Force Taichung General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lan Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Jeffery Liou
- Comprehensive Weight Management Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - V. Vijaya Padma
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Chun-Hsu Yao
- Biomaterials Translational Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; and
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Radiosensitizing effect of ellagic acid on growth of Hepatocellular carcinoma cells: an in vitro study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14043. [PMID: 29070894 PMCID: PMC5656621 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14211-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Failure of treatment for cancer in clinic by radio/chemotherapy is generally attributed to tumour resistance. Therefore, it is important to develop strategies to increase the cytotoxicity of tumour cells by radiation in combination with unique tumour selective cytotoxic agents. We evaluated the potential of ellagic acid (EA) as an enhancer of oxidative stress in cancer cells. HepG2 cells were treated with EA (10 µM) for 12 h prior to exposure of single 7.5 Gy dose of irradiation. Treatment of HepG2 cells with EA and gamma radiation showed increased reactive oxygen species generation, up regulation of p53 protein expression, decreased survival markers level like p-Akt, p-NF-kB and p-STAT3 which were significantly higher after radiation treatment alone. We also found that combination treatment increased G2/M phase cell population, decreased IL-6, COX–2 and TNF-α expression and caused a loss in mitochondrial membrane potential with decreased level of angiogenesis marker MMP-9. Over expression of Bax and activation of caspase 3 indicated the apoptosis of the cells. The results provided a strong unique strategy to kill cancer cells HepG2, using less radiation dose along with effective pro-oxidant dose of EA.
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