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An J, Yang H, Park SM, Chwae YJ, Joe EH. The LRRK2-G2019S mutation attenuates repair of brain injury partially by reducing the release of osteopontin-containing monocytic exosome-like vesicles. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 197:106528. [PMID: 38740348 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain injury has been suggested as a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. Accordingly, defects in the brain's intrinsic capacity to repair injury may result in the accumulation of damage and a progressive loss of brain function. The G2019S (GS) mutation in LRRK2 (leucine rich repeat kinase 2) is the most prevalent genetic alteration in Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we sought to investigate how this LRRK2-GS mutation affects repair of the injured brain. METHODS Brain injury was induced by stereotaxic injection of ATP, a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) component, into the striatum of wild-type (WT) and LRRK2-GS mice. Effects of the LRRK2-GS mutation on brain injury and the recovery from injury were examined by analyzing the molecular and cellular behavior of neurons, astrocytes, and monocytes. RESULTS Damaged neurons express osteopontin (OPN), a factor associated with brain repair. Following ATP-induced damage, monocytes entered injured brains, phagocytosing damaged neurons and producing exosome-like vesicles (EVs) containing OPN through activation of the inflammasome and subsequent pyroptosis. Following EV production, neurons and astrocytes processes elongated towards injured cores. In LRRK2-GS mice, OPN expression and monocytic pyroptosis were decreased compared with that in WT mice, resulting in diminished release of OPN-containing EVs and attenuated elongation of neuron and astrocyte processes. In addition, exosomes prepared from injured LRRK2-GS brains induced neurite outgrowth less efficiently than those from injured WT brains. CONCLUSIONS The LRRK2-GS mutation delays repair of injured brains through reduced expression of OPN and diminished release of OPN-containing EVs from monocytes. These findings suggest that the LRRK2-GS mutation may promote the development of PD by delaying the repair of brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei An
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea; Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Haijie Yang
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea; Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Myun Park
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea; Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Joon Chwae
- Department of Microbiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Joe
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea; Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16499, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Davis CK, Bathula S, Jeong S, Arruri V, Choi J, Subramanian S, Ostrom CM, Vemuganti R. An antioxidant and anti-ER stress combination therapy elevates phosphorylation of α-Syn at serine 129 and alleviates post-TBI PD-like pathology in a sex-specific manner in mice. Exp Neurol 2024; 377:114795. [PMID: 38657855 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Clinical studies have shown that traumatic brain injury (TBI) increases the onset of Parkinson's disease (PD) in later life by >50%. Oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and inflammation are the major drivers of both TBI and PD pathologies. We presently evaluated if curtailing oxidative stress and ER stress concomitantly using a combination of apocynin and tert-butylhydroquinone and salubrinal during the acute stage after TBI in mice reduces the severity of late-onset PD-like pathology. The effect of multiple low doses of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) on post-TBI neurodegeneration was also evaluated. The combo therapy elevated the level of phosphorylation at serine 129 (pS129) of α-Syn in the pericontusional cortex of male mice at 72 h post-TBI. Motor and cognitive deficits induced by TBI lasted at least 3 months and the combo therapy curtailed these deficits in both sexes. At 3 months post-TBI, male mice given combo therapy exhibited significantly lesser α-Syn aggregates in the SN and higher TH+ cells in the SNpc, compared to vehicle control. However, the aggregate number was not significantly different between groups of female mice. Moreover, TBI-induced loss of TH+ cells was negligible in female mice irrespective of treatment. The MPTP treatment aggravated PD-like pathology in male mice but had a negligible effect on the loss of TH+ cells in female mice. Thus, the present study indicates that mitigation of TBI-induced oxidative stress and ER stress at the acute stage could potentially reduce the risk of post-TBI PD-like pathology at least in male mice, plausibly by elevating pS129-α-Syn level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles K Davis
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Soomin Jeong
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Vijay Arruri
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jeongwoo Choi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Shruti Subramanian
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Carlie M Ostrom
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
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3
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Deliz JR, Tanner CM, Gonzalez-Latapi P. Epidemiology of Parkinson's Disease: An Update. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2024; 24:163-179. [PMID: 38642225 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-024-01339-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In recent decades, epidemiological understanding of Parkinson disease (PD) has evolved significantly. Major discoveries in genetics and large epidemiological investigations have provided a better understanding of the genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors that play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of PD. In this review, we provide an epidemiological update of PD with a particular focus on advances in the last five years of published literature. RECENT FINDINGS We include an overview of PD pathophysiology, followed by a detailed discussion of the known distribution of disease and varied determinants of disease. We describe investigations of risk factors for PD, and provide a critical summary of current knowledge, knowledge gaps, and both clinical and research implications. We emphasize the need to characterize the epidemiology of the disease in diverse populations. Despite increasing understanding of PD epidemiology, recent paradigm shifts in the conceptualization of PD as a biological entity will also impact epidemiological research moving forward and guide further work in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan R Deliz
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Caroline M Tanner
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California -San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Paulina Gonzalez-Latapi
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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4
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Wu YC, Bogale TA, Koistinaho J, Pizzi M, Rolova T, Bellucci A. The contribution of β-amyloid, Tau and α-synuclein to blood-brain barrier damage in neurodegenerative disorders. Acta Neuropathol 2024; 147:39. [PMID: 38347288 PMCID: PMC10861401 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-024-02696-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) accumulation of fibrillary deposits made of Amyloid β (Aβ), hyperphosphorylated Tau or α-synuclein (α-syn), present either alone or in the form of mixed pathology, characterizes the most common neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) as well as the aging brain. Compelling evidence supports that acute neurological disorders, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke, are also accompanied by increased deposition of toxic Aβ, Tau and α-syn species. While the contribution of these pathological proteins to neurodegeneration has been experimentally ascertained, the cellular and molecular mechanisms driving Aβ, Tau and α-syn-related brain damage remain to be fully clarified. In the last few years, studies have shown that Aβ, Tau and α-syn may contribute to neurodegeneration also by inducing and/or promoting blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. These pathological proteins can affect BBB integrity either directly by affecting key BBB components such as pericytes and endothelial cells (ECs) or indirectly, by promoting brain macrophages activation and dysfunction. Here, we summarize and critically discuss key findings showing how Aβ, Tau and α-syn can contribute to BBB damage in most common NDDs, TBI and stroke. We also highlight the need for a deeper characterization of the role of these pathological proteins in the activation and dysfunction of brain macrophages, pericytes and ECs to improve diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chieh Wu
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tizibt Ashine Bogale
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, BS, Italy
- Department of Acute Brain and Cardiovascular Injury, Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Jari Koistinaho
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marina Pizzi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, BS, Italy
| | - Taisia Rolova
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Arianna Bellucci
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, BS, Italy.
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Huang YN, Greig NH, Huang PS, Chiang YH, Hoffer A, Yang CH, Tweedie D, Chen Y, Ou JC, Wang JY. Pomalidomide Improves Motor Behavioral Deficits and Protects Cerebral Cortex and Striatum Against Neurodegeneration Through a Reduction of Oxidative/Nitrosative Damages and Neuroinflammation After Traumatic Brain Injury. Cell Transplant 2024; 33:9636897241237049. [PMID: 38483119 PMCID: PMC10943757 DOI: 10.1177/09636897241237049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuronal damage resulting from traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes disruption of neuronal projections and neurotransmission that contribute to behavioral deficits. Cellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) is an early event following TBI. ROS often damage DNA, lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates while RNS attack proteins. The products of lipid peroxidation 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and protein nitration 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) are often used as indicators of oxidative and nitrosative damages, respectively. Increasing evidence has shown that striatum is vulnerable to damage from TBI with a disturbed dopamine neurotransmission. TBI results in neurodegeneration, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis, and autophagy in the striatum and contribute to motor or behavioral deficits. Pomalidomide (Pom) is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved immunomodulatory drug clinically used in treating multiple myeloma. We previously showed that Pom reduces neuroinflammation and neuronal death induced by TBI in rat cerebral cortex. Here, we further compared the effects of Pom in cortex and striatum focusing on neurodegeneration, oxidative and nitrosative damages, as well as neuroinflammation following TBI. Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to a controlled cortical impact were used as the animal model of TBI. Systemic administration of Pom (0.5 mg/kg, intravenous [i.v.]) at 5 h post-injury alleviated motor behavioral deficits, contusion volume at 24 h after TBI. Pom alleviated TBI-induced neurodegeneration stained by Fluoro-Jade C in both cortex and striatum. Notably, Pom treatment reduces oxidative and nitrosative damages in cortex and striatum and is more efficacious in striatum (93% reduction in 4-HNE-positive and 84% reduction in 3-NT-positive neurons) than in cerebral cortex (42% reduction in 4-HNE-positive and 55% reduction in 3-NT-positive neurons). In addition, Pom attenuated microgliosis, astrogliosis, and elevations of proinflammatory cytokines in cortical and striatal tissue. We conclude that Pom may contribute to improved motor behavioral outcomes after TBI through targeting oxidative/nitrosative damages and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ni Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
- Department of Nursing, Hsin Sheng Junior College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan City
| | - Nigel H. Greig
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Pen-Sen Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - Yung-Hsiao Chiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei
- Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - Alan Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospitals of Cleveland, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Chih-Hao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - David Tweedie
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - Ju-Chi Ou
- Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
| | - Jia-Yi Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei
- Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei
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6
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Cralley AL, Erickson C, Schaid TR, Hallas W, Thielen O, Mitra S, Stafford P, Hom P, Silliman C, Cohen MJ, Moore EE, D'Alessandro A, Hansen KC. The proteomic and metabolomic signatures of isolated and polytrauma traumatic brain injury. Am J Surg 2023; 226:790-797. [PMID: 37541795 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2023.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interactions of polytrauma, shock, and traumatic brain injury (TBI) on thromboinflammatory responses remain unclear and warrant investigation as we strive towards personalized medicine in trauma. We hypothesized that comprehensive omics characterization of plasma would identify unique metabolic and thromboinflammatory pathways following TBI. METHODS Patients were categorized as TBI vs Non-TBI, and stratified into Polytrauma or minimally injured. Discovery 'omics was employed to quantify the top differently expressed proteins and metabolites of TBI and Non-TBI patient groups. RESULTS TBI compared to Non-TBI showed gene enrichment in coagulation/complement cascades and neuronal markers. TBI was associated with elevation in glycolytic metabolites and conjugated bile acids. Division into isolated TBI vs polytrauma showed further distinction of proteomic and metabolomic signatures. CONCLUSION Identified mediators involving in neural inflammation, blood brain barrier disruption, and bile acid building leading to TBI associated coagulopathy offer suggestions for follow up mechanistic studies to target personalized interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chris Erickson
- Department of Proteomics and Metabolomics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Terry R Schaid
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - William Hallas
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Otto Thielen
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | | | - Patrick Hom
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christopher Silliman
- Vitalant Research Institute, Denver, CO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Ernest E Moore
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Ernest E. Moore Shock Trauma Center at Denver Health Medical Center Surgery, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Proteomics and Metabolomics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kirk C Hansen
- Department of Proteomics and Metabolomics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
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7
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Smolen P, Dash PK, Redell JB. Traumatic brain injury-associated epigenetic changes and the risk for neurodegenerative diseases. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1259405. [PMID: 37795186 PMCID: PMC10546067 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1259405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that traumatic brain injury (TBI) increases the risk for developing neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). However, molecular mechanisms that underlie this risk are largely unidentified. TBI triggers widespread epigenetic modifications. Similarly, NDs such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's are associated with numerous epigenetic changes. Although epigenetic changes can persist after TBI, it is unresolved if these modifications increase the risk of later ND development and/or dementia. We briefly review TBI-related epigenetic changes, and point out putative feedback loops that might contribute to long-term persistence of some modifications. We then focus on evidence suggesting persistent TBI-associated epigenetic changes may contribute to pathological processes (e.g., neuroinflammation) which may facilitate the development of specific NDs - Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, or chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Finally, we discuss possible directions for TBI therapies that may help prevent or delay development of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Smolen
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States
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8
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Scott GD, Neilson LE, Woltjer R, Quinn JF, Lim MM. Lifelong Association of Disorders Related to Military Trauma with Subsequent Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2023; 38:1483-1492. [PMID: 37309872 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trauma-related disorders such as traumatic brain injury (TBI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are emerging as risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD), but their association with development of PD and independence from comorbid disorders remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To examine TBI and PTSD related to early trauma in military veterans using a case-control study. METHODS PD was identified by International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code, recurrent PD-specific prescriptions, and availability of 5+ years of earlier records. Validation was performed by chart review by a movement disorder-trained neurologist. Control subjects were matched 4:1 by age, duration of preceding health care, race, ethnicity, birth year, and sex. TBI and PTSD were identified by ICD code and onset based on active duty. Association and interaction were measured for TBI and PTSD with PD going back 60 years. Interaction was measured for comorbid disorders. RESULTS A total of 71,933 cases and 287,732 controls were identified. TBI and PTSD increased odds of subsequent PD at all preceding 5-year intervals back to year -60 (odds ratio range: 1.5 [1.4, 1.7] to 2.1 [2.0, 2.1]). TBI and PTSD showed synergism (synergy index range: 1.14 [1.09, 1.29] to 1.28 [1.09, 1.51]) and additive association (odds ratio range: 2.2 [1.6, 2.8] to 2.7 [2.5, 2.8]). Chronic pain and migraine showed greatest synergy with PTSD and TBI. Effect sizes for trauma-related disorders were comparable with established prodromal disorders. CONCLUSIONS TBI and PTSD are associated with later PD and are synergistic with chronic pain and migraine. These findings provide evidence for TBI and PTSD as risk factors preceding PD by decades and could aid in prognostic calculation and earlier intervention. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory D Scott
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Services, VA Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Lee E Neilson
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Neurology, VA Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Randy Woltjer
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Joseph F Quinn
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Neurology, VA Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Miranda M Lim
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Neurology, VA Portland Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
- VA VISN20 Northwest Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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9
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Vorn R, Devoto C, Meier TB, Lai C, Yun S, Broglio SP, Mithani S, McAllister TW, Giza CC, Kim HS, Huber D, Harezlak J, Cameron KL, McGinty G, Jackson J, Guskiewicz KM, Mihalik JP, Brooks A, Duma S, Rowson S, Nelson LD, Pasquina P, McCrea MA, Gill JM. Are EPB41 and alpha-synuclein diagnostic biomarkers of sport-related concussion? Findings from the NCAA and Department of Defense CARE Consortium. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2023; 12:379-387. [PMID: 36403906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current protein biomarkers are only moderately predictive at identifying individuals with mild traumatic brain injury or concussion. Therefore, more accurate diagnostic markers are needed for sport-related concussion. METHODS This was a multicenter, prospective, case-control study of athletes who provided blood samples and were diagnosed with a concussion or were a matched non-concussed control within the National Collegiate Athletic Association-Department of Defense Concussion Assessment, Research, and Education Consortium conducted between 2015 and 2019. The blood was collected within 48 h of injury to identify protein abnormalities at the acute and subacute timepoints. Athletes with concussion were divided into 6 h post-injury (0-6 h post-injury) and after 6 h post-injury (7-48 h post-injury) groups. We applied a highly multiplexed proteomic technique that used a DNA aptamers assay to target 1305 proteins in plasma samples from athletes with and without sport-related concussion. RESULTS A total of 140 athletes with concussion (79.3% males; aged 18.71 ± 1.10 years, mean ± SD) and 21 non-concussed athletes (76.2% males; 19.14 ± 1.10 years) were included in this study. We identified 338 plasma proteins that significantly differed in abundance (319 upregulated and 19 downregulated) in concussed athletes compared to non-concussed athletes. The top 20 most differentially abundant proteins discriminated concussed athletes from non-concussed athletes with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.954 (95% confidence interval: 0.922‒0.986). Specifically, after 6 h of injury, the individual AUC of plasma erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1 (EPB41) and alpha-synuclein (SNCA) were 0.956 and 0.875, respectively. The combination of EPB41 and SNCA provided the best AUC (1.000), which suggests this combination of candidate plasma biomarkers is the best for diagnosing concussion in athletes after 6 h of injury. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that proteomic profiling may provide novel diagnostic protein markers and that a combination of EPB41 and SNCA is the most predictive biomarker of concussion after 6 h of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rany Vorn
- Johns Hopkins School of Nursing and Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Timothy B Meier
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Chen Lai
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sijung Yun
- Predictiv Care, Inc., Mountain View, CA 94086, USA
| | - Steven P Broglio
- Michigan Concussion Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sara Mithani
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Thomas W McAllister
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Christopher C Giza
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurosurgery, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - Hyung-Suk Kim
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Daniel Huber
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Jaroslaw Harezlak
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health - Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Kenneth L Cameron
- John A. Feagin Sports Medicine Fellowship, Keller Army Community Hospital, West Point, NY 10996, USA
| | - Gerald McGinty
- United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO 80840, USA
| | - Jonathan Jackson
- United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO 80840, USA
| | - Kevin M Guskiewicz
- Mathew Gfeller Center, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Jason P Mihalik
- Mathew Gfeller Center, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Alison Brooks
- Department of Orthopedics, Division of Sports Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Stefan Duma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Steven Rowson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Lindsay D Nelson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Paul Pasquina
- Center for Neuroscience & Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Michael A McCrea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Jessica M Gill
- Johns Hopkins School of Nursing and Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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10
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Monsour M, Borlongan CV. The central role of peripheral inflammation in ischemic stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:622-641. [PMID: 36601776 PMCID: PMC10108194 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221149509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Stroke pathology and its treatments conventionally focus on the brain. Probing inflammation, a critical secondary cell death mechanism in stroke, has been largely relegated to the brain. To this end, peripheral inflammation has emerged as an equally potent contributor to the onset and progression of stroke secondary cell death. Here, we review novel concepts on peripheral organs displaying robust inflammatory response to stroke. These inflammation-plagued organs include the spleen, cervical lymph nodes, thymus, bone marrow, gastrointestinal system, and adrenal glands, likely converging their inflammatory effects through B and T-cells. Recognizing the significant impact of this systemic inflammation, we also discuss innovative stroke therapeutics directed at sequestration of peripheral inflammation. This review paper challenges the paradigm of a brain-centered disease pathology and treatment and offers a peripheral approach to our stroke understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Monsour
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair,
Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani
College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Cesar V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair,
Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani
College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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11
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Lillian A, Zuo W, Laham L, Hilfiker S, Ye JH. Pathophysiology and Neuroimmune Interactions Underlying Parkinson's Disease and Traumatic Brain Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087186. [PMID: 37108349 PMCID: PMC10138999 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder clinically defined by motor instability, bradykinesia, and resting tremors. The clinical symptomatology is seen alongside pathologic changes, most notably the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and the accumulation of α-synuclein and neuromelanin aggregates throughout numerous neural circuits. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been implicated as a risk factor for developing various neurodegenerative diseases, with the most compelling argument for the development of PD. Dopaminergic abnormalities, the accumulation of α-synuclein, and disruptions in neural homeostatic mechanisms, including but not limited to the release of pro-inflammatory mediators and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), are all present following TBI and are closely related to the pathologic changes seen in PD. Neuronal iron accumulation is discernable in degenerative and injured brain states, as is aquaporin-4 (APQ4). APQ4 is an essential mediator of synaptic plasticity in PD and regulates edematous states in the brain after TBI. Whether the cellular and parenchymal changes seen post-TBI directly cause neurodegenerative diseases such as PD is a point of considerable interest and debate; this review explores the vast array of neuroimmunological interactions and subsequent analogous changes that occur in TBI and PD. There is significant interest in exploring the validity of the relationship between TBI and PD, which is a focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Lillian
- New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Wanhong Zuo
- New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Linda Laham
- New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Sabine Hilfiker
- New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Jiang-Hong Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 08901, USA
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12
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Barker S, Paul BD, Pieper AA. Increased Risk of Aging-Related Neurodegenerative Disease after Traumatic Brain Injury. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1154. [PMID: 37189772 PMCID: PMC10135798 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors frequently suffer from chronically progressive complications, including significantly increased risk of developing aging-related neurodegenerative disease. As advances in neurocritical care increase the number of TBI survivors, the impact and awareness of this problem are growing. The mechanisms by which TBI increases the risk of developing aging-related neurodegenerative disease, however, are not completely understood. As a result, there are no protective treatments for patients. Here, we review the current literature surrounding the epidemiology and potential mechanistic relationships between brain injury and aging-related neurodegenerative disease. In addition to increasing the risk for developing all forms of dementia, the most prominent aging-related neurodegenerative conditions that are accelerated by TBI are amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD), with ALS and FTD being the least well-established. Mechanistic links between TBI and all forms of dementia that are reviewed include oxidative stress, dysregulated proteostasis, and neuroinflammation. Disease-specific mechanistic links with TBI that are reviewed include TAR DNA binding protein 43 and motor cortex lesions in ALS and FTD; alpha-synuclein, dopaminergic cell death, and synergistic toxin exposure in PD; and brain insulin resistance, amyloid beta pathology, and tau pathology in AD. While compelling mechanistic links have been identified, significantly expanded investigation in the field is needed to develop therapies to protect TBI survivors from the increased risk of aging-related neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Barker
- Center for Brain Health Medicines, Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Geriatric Psychiatry, GRECC, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Bindu D. Paul
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Andrew A. Pieper
- Center for Brain Health Medicines, Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Geriatric Psychiatry, GRECC, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Translational Therapeutics Core, Cleveland Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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13
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Shahpasand-Kroner H, Siddique I, Malik R, Linares GR, Ivanova MI, Ichida J, Weil T, Münch J, Sanchez-Garcia E, Klärner FG, Schrader T, Bitan G. Molecular Tweezers: Supramolecular Hosts with Broad-Spectrum Biological Applications. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:263-308. [PMID: 36549866 PMCID: PMC9976797 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine-selective molecular tweezers (MTs) are supramolecular host molecules displaying a remarkably broad spectrum of biologic activities. MTs act as inhibitors of the self-assembly and toxicity of amyloidogenic proteins using a unique mechanism. They destroy viral membranes and inhibit infection by enveloped viruses, such as HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2, by mechanisms unrelated to their action on protein self-assembly. They also disrupt biofilm of Gram-positive bacteria. The efficacy and safety of MTs have been demonstrated in vitro, in cell culture, and in vivo, suggesting that these versatile compounds are attractive therapeutic candidates for various diseases, infections, and injuries. A lead compound called CLR01 has been shown to inhibit the aggregation of various amyloidogenic proteins, facilitate their clearance in vivo, prevent infection by multiple viruses, display potent anti-biofilm activity, and have a high safety margin in animal models. The inhibitory effect of CLR01 against amyloidogenic proteins is highly specific to abnormal self-assembly of amyloidogenic proteins with no disruption of normal mammalian biologic processes at the doses needed for inhibition. Therapeutic effects of CLR01 have been demonstrated in animal models of proteinopathies, lysosomal-storage diseases, and spinal-cord injury. Here we review the activity and mechanisms of action of these intriguing compounds and discuss future research directions. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Molecular tweezers are supramolecular host molecules with broad biological applications, including inhibition of abnormal protein aggregation, facilitation of lysosomal clearance of toxic aggregates, disruption of viral membranes, and interference of biofilm formation by Gram-positive bacteria. This review discusses the molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of the molecular tweezers, including the discovery of distinct mechanisms acting in vitro and in vivo, and the application of these compounds in multiple preclinical disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedieh Shahpasand-Kroner
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ibrar Siddique
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ravinder Malik
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gabriel R Linares
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Magdalena I Ivanova
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Justin Ichida
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tatjana Weil
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jan Münch
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Elsa Sanchez-Garcia
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Frank-Gerrit Klärner
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schrader
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gal Bitan
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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14
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Herrero Babiloni A, Baril AA, Charlebois-Plante C, Jodoin M, Sanchez E, De Baets L, Arbour C, Lavigne GJ, Gosselin N, De Beaumont L. The Putative Role of Neuroinflammation in the Interaction between Traumatic Brain Injuries, Sleep, Pain and Other Neuropsychiatric Outcomes: A State-of-the-Art Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12051793. [PMID: 36902580 PMCID: PMC10002551 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep disturbances are widely prevalent following a traumatic brain injury (TBI) and have the potential to contribute to numerous post-traumatic physiological, psychological, and cognitive difficulties developing chronically, including chronic pain. An important pathophysiological mechanism involved in the recovery of TBI is neuroinflammation, which leads to many downstream consequences. While neuroinflammation is a process that can be both beneficial and detrimental to individuals' recovery after sustaining a TBI, recent evidence suggests that neuroinflammation may worsen outcomes in traumatically injured patients, as well as exacerbate the deleterious consequences of sleep disturbances. Additionally, a bidirectional relationship between neuroinflammation and sleep has been described, where neuroinflammation plays a role in sleep regulation and, in turn, poor sleep promotes neuroinflammation. Given the complexity of this interplay, this review aims to clarify the role of neuroinflammation in the relationship between sleep and TBI, with an emphasis on long-term outcomes such as pain, mood disorders, cognitive dysfunctions, and elevated risk of Alzheimer's disease and dementia. In addition, some management strategies and novel treatment targeting sleep and neuroinflammation will be discussed in order to establish an effective approach to mitigate long-term outcomes after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Herrero Babiloni
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
- CIUSSS-NIM, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrée-Ann Baril
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada
| | | | - Marianne Jodoin
- CIUSSS-NIM, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Erlan Sanchez
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Liesbet De Baets
- Pain in Motion Research Group (PAIN), Department of Physiotherapy, Human Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
- Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussel, Belgium
| | - Caroline Arbour
- CIUSSS-NIM, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Gilles J. Lavigne
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
- CIUSSS-NIM, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Nadia Gosselin
- CIUSSS-NIM, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
| | - Louis De Beaumont
- CIUSSS-NIM, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
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15
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Chakraborty R, Tabassum H, Parvez S. NLRP3 inflammasome in traumatic brain injury: Its implication in the disease pathophysiology and potential as a therapeutic target. Life Sci 2023; 314:121352. [PMID: 36592789 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), an acquired brain injury imparted by a mechanical trauma to the head, has significant ramifications in terms of long-term disability and cost of healthcare. TBI is characterized by an initial phase of cell death owing to direct mechanical injury, followed by a secondary phase in which neuroinflammation plays a pivotal role. Activation of inflammasome complexes triggers a cascade that leads to activation of inflammatory mediators such as caspase-1, Interleukin (IL)-18, and IL-1β, eventually causing pyroptosis. NLRP3 inflammasome, a component of the innate immune response, has been implicated in a number of neurodegenerative diseases, including TBI. Recent findings indicate that NLRP3 inhibitors can potentially ameliorate neuroinflammation and improve cognition and motor function in TBI. The NLRP3 inflammasome also holds potential as a predictive biomarker for the long-term sequelae following TBI. Although several therapeutic agents have shown promising results in pre-clinical studies, none of them have been effective in human trials for TBI, to date. Thus, it is imperative that such promising therapeutic candidates are evaluated in clinical trials to assess their efficacy in alleviating neurological impairments in TBI. This review offers an insight into the pathophysiology of TBI, with an emphasis on neuroinflammation in the aftermath of TBI. We highlight the NLRP3 inflammasome and explore its role in the neuroinflammatory cascade in TBI. We also shed light on its potential as a prospective biomarker and therapeutic target for TBI management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Chakraborty
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Heena Tabassum
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Indian Council of Medical Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, V. Ramalingaswami Bhawan, P.O. Box No. 4911, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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16
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Bray MJC, Bryant BR, Esagoff AI, Richey LN, Rodriguez C, Krieg A, McCullough G, Tsai J, Tobolowsky W, Jahed S, Cullum CM, LoBue C, Ismail Z, Yan H, Lyketsos CG, Peters ME. Effect of traumatic brain injury on mild behavioral impairment domains prior to all-cause dementia diagnosis and throughout disease progression. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2022; 8:e12364. [PMID: 36514440 PMCID: PMC9735270 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) may alter dementia progression, although co-occurring neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) have received less attention. Originally designed to evaluate behavioral disruption prior to dementia diagnosis, the mild behavioral impairment (MBI) construct relates NPS to underlying neural circuit disruptions, with probable relevance across the progression of neurodegenerative disease. Therefore, the MBI construct may represent a valuable tool to identify and evaluate related NPS both preceding diagnosis of all-cause dementia throughout the progression of disease, representing an important area of inquiry regarding TBI and dementia. This investigation sought to evaluate the effect of TBI on NPS related by the MBI construct in participants progressing from normal cognitive status to all-cause dementia. Methods Using National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center data, individuals progressing from normal cognition to all-cause dementia (clinician diagnosed) over 7.6 ± 3.0 years were studied to estimate prevalence of MBI domains in 124 participants with prior TBI history (57 with loss of consciousness [LOC] <5 minutes, 22 with LOC >5 min, 45 unknown severity) compared to 822 without. MBI domain prevalence was evaluated (1) prior to dementia onset (including only time points preceding time at dementia diagnosis, as per MBI's original definition) and (2) throughout dementia progression (evaluating all available time points, including both before and after dementia diagnosis). Results More severe TBI (LOC >5 minutes) was associated with the social inappropriateness MBI domain (adjusted odds ratio = 4.034; P = 0.024) prior to dementia onset, and the abnormal perception/thought content domain looking across dementia progression (adjusted hazard ratio [HRadj] = 3.703; P = 0.005). TBI (all severities) was associated with the decreased motivation domain looking throughout dementia progression (HRadj. = 1.546; P = 0.014). Discussion TBI history is associated with particular MBI profiles prior to onset and throughout progression of dementia. Understanding TBI's impact on inter-related NPS may help elucidate underlying neuropathology with implications for surveillance, detection, and treatment of behavioral concerns in aging TBI survivors. Highlights The mild behavioral impairment (MBI) construct links related neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) by probable underlying neural network dysfunction.Traumatic brain injury (TBI) with loss of consciousness (LOC) > 5 minutes was associated with pre-dementia social inappropriateness.TBI was associated with decreased motivation looking across dementia progression.TBI with LOC > 5 minutes was associated with abnormal perception/thought content.The MBI construct may be useful for examining related NPS across dementia progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. C. Bray
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Barry R. Bryant
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Aaron I. Esagoff
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Lisa N. Richey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Carla Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Akshay Krieg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Gardner McCullough
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Jerry Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - William Tobolowsky
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Sahar Jahed
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral MedicineMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - C. Munro Cullum
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexasUSA
| | - Christian LoBue
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexasUSA
| | - Zahinoor Ismail
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Hotchkiss Brain InstituteCumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Haijuan Yan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Constantine G. Lyketsos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Matthew E. Peters
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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17
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Mafuika SN, Naicker T, Harrichandparsad R, Lazarus L. The potential of serum S100 calcium-binding protein B and glial fibrillary acidic protein as biomarkers for traumatic brain injury. TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH IN ANATOMY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tria.2022.100228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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18
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Monsour M, Croci DM, Agazzi S, Borlongan CV. Getting the guts to expand stroke treatment: The potential for microbiome targeted therapies. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022. [PMID: 36217699 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This review focuses on the recent literature regarding the role of the gut-brain axis (GBA) following ischemic stroke. DISCUSSION Stroke is the 5th leading cause of death and disability in the United States; however, few therapies have been developed to improve prognoses. There is a plethora of evidence suggesting peripheral inflammatory responses play a large role in the pathogenesis of stroke. Additionally, hyperglycemic conditions may play a significant role in worsening stroke outcomes due to microbiome dysbiosis. CONCLUSION Recent research has illuminated the vital role of the GBA in propagating poor clinical outcomes, such as hemorrhagic transformation, following ischemic stroke. Considering this detrimental consequence of stroke, and the apparent role of the GBA role, future therapeutics should aim to mitigate this peripheral contribution to stroke complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Monsour
- University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Davide M Croci
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Siviero Agazzi
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Cesario V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
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19
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Inflammatory gut as a pathologic and therapeutic target in Parkinson’s disease. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:396. [PMID: 36153318 PMCID: PMC9509357 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01175-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains a significant unmet clinical need. Gut dysbiosis stands as a PD pathologic source and therapeutic target. Here, we assessed the role of the gut-brain axis in PD pathology and treatment. Adult transgenic (Tg) α-synuclein-overexpressing mice served as subjects and were randomly assigned to either transplantation of vehicle or human umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells and plasma. Behavioral and immunohistochemical assays evaluated the functional outcomes following transplantation. Tg mice displayed typical motor and gut motility deficits, elevated α-synuclein levels, and dopaminergic depletion, accompanied by gut dysbiosis characterized by upregulation of microbiota and cytokines associated with inflammation in the gut and the brain. In contrast, transplanted Tg mice displayed amelioration of motor deficits, improved sparing of nigral dopaminergic neurons, and downregulation of α-synuclein and inflammatory-relevant microbiota and cytokines in both gut and brain. Parallel in vitro studies revealed that cultured dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells exposed to homogenates of Tg mouse-derived dysbiotic gut exhibited significantly reduced cell viability and elevated inflammatory signals compared to wild-type mouse-derived gut homogenates. Moreover, treatment with human umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells and plasma improved cell viability and decreased inflammation in dysbiotic gut-exposed SH-SY5Y cells. Intravenous transplantation of human umbilical cord blood-derived stem/progenitor cells and plasma reduced inflammatory microbiota and cytokine, and dampened α-synuclein overload in the gut and the brain of adult α-synuclein-overexpressing Tg mice. Our findings advance the gut-brain axis as a key pathological origin, as well as a robust therapeutic target for PD. Gut-Brain Axis as a PD Pathologic Source and Therapeutic Target. The PD murine model of α-synuclein overexpression at around 8 weeks of age manifests gut dysbiosis, characterized by inflammation-specific microbiota and cytokines, which can trigger brain neurodegeneration, especially dopaminergic depletion reminiscent of PD pathology. Targeting the dysbiotic gut via intravenous hUCB stem cell transplantation can render gut homeostasis and sequester peripheral as well as central inflammation, leading to brain repair and amelioration of PD behavioral and histological deficits.![]()
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20
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Quintin S, Sorrentino ZA, Mehkri Y, Sriram S, Weisman S, Davidson CG, Lloyd GM, Sung E, Figg JW, Lucke-Wold B. Proteinopathies and Neurotrauma: Update on Degenerative Cascades. JSM NEUROSURGERY AND SPINE 2022; 9:1106. [PMID: 36466377 PMCID: PMC9717712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Neurotrauma, especially repetitive neurotrauma, is associated with the development of progressive neurodegeneration leading to chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Exposure to neurotrauma regularly occurs during sports and military service, often not requiring medical care. However, exposure to severe and/or repeated sub-clinical neurotrauma has been shown cause physical and psychological disability, leading to reduce life expectancy. Misfolding of proteins, or proteinopathy, is a pathological hallmark of CTE, in which chronic injury leads to local and diffuse protein aggregates. These aggregates are an overlapping feature of many neurodegenerative diseases such as CTE, Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinsons disease. Neurotrauma is also a significant risk factor for the development of these diseases, however the mechanism's underlying this association are not well understood. While phosphorylated tau aggregates are the primary feature of CTE, amyloid-beta, Transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), and alpha-synuclein (αSyn) are also well documented. Aberrant misfolding of these proteins has been shown to disrupt brain homeostasis leading to neurodegeneration in a disease dependent manor. In CTE, the interaction between proteinopathies and their associated neurodegeneration is a current area of study. Here we provide an update on current literature surrounding the prevalence, characteristics, and pathogenesis of proteinopathies in CTE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sai Sriram
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, USA
| | | | | | - Grace M Lloyd
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, USA
| | - Eric Sung
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, USA
| | - John W Figg
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, USA
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21
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The Role of Concomitant Nrf2 Targeting and Stem Cell Therapy in Cerebrovascular Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081447. [PMID: 35892653 PMCID: PMC9332234 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the reality that a death from cerebrovascular accident occurs every 3.5 min in the United States, there are few therapeutic options which are typically limited to a narrow window of opportunity in time for damage mitigation and recovery. Novel therapies have targeted pathological processes secondary to the initial insult, such as oxidative damage and peripheral inflammation. One of the greatest challenges to therapy is the frequently permanent damage within the CNS, attributed to a lack of sufficient neurogenesis. Thus, recent use of cell-based therapies for stroke have shown promising results. Unfortunately, stroke-induced inflammatory and oxidative damage limit the therapeutic potential of these stem cells. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been implicated in endogenous antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, thus presenting an attractive target for novel therapeutics to enhance stem cell therapy and promote neurogenesis. This review assesses the current literature on the concomitant use of stem cell therapy and Nrf2 targeting via pharmaceutical and natural agents, highlighting the need to elucidate both upstream and downstream pathways in optimizing Nrf2 treatments in the setting of cerebrovascular disease.
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22
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Martinez BI, Mousa GA, Fleck K, MacCulloch T, Diehnelt CW, Stephanopoulos N, Stabenfeldt SE. Uncovering temporospatial sensitive TBI targeting strategies via in vivo phage display. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo5047. [PMID: 35867794 PMCID: PMC9307250 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo5047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The heterogeneous pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a barrier to advancing diagnostics and therapeutics, including targeted drug delivery. We used a unique discovery pipeline to identify novel targeting motifs that recognize specific temporal phases of TBI pathology. This pipeline combined in vivo biopanning with domain antibody (dAb) phage display, next-generation sequencing analysis, and peptide synthesis. We identified targeting motifs based on the complementarity-determining region 3 structure of dAbs for acute (1 day post-injury) and subacute (7 days post-injury) post-injury time points in a preclinical TBI model (controlled cortical impact). Bioreactivity and temporal sensitivity of the targeting motifs were validated via immunohistochemistry. Immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry indicated that the acute TBI targeting motif recognized targets associated with metabolic and mitochondrial dysfunction, whereas the subacute TBI motif was largely associated with neurodegenerative processes. This pipeline successfully discovered temporally specific TBI targeting motif/epitope pairs that will serve as the foundation for the next-generation targeted TBI therapeutics and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana I. Martinez
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Gergey Alzaem Mousa
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Kiera Fleck
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Tara MacCulloch
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Biodesign Institute Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Chris W. Diehnelt
- Biodesign Institute Center for Innovations in Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Nicholas Stephanopoulos
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Biodesign Institute Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Sarah E. Stabenfeldt
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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23
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Kocheril PA, Moore SC, Lenz KD, Mukundan H, Lilley LM. Progress Toward a Multiomic Understanding of Traumatic Brain Injury: A Review. Biomark Insights 2022; 17:11772719221105145. [PMID: 35719705 PMCID: PMC9201320 DOI: 10.1177/11772719221105145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is not a single disease state but describes an array
of conditions associated with insult or injury to the brain. While some
individuals with TBI recover within a few days or months, others present with
persistent symptoms that can cause disability, neuropsychological trauma, and
even death. Understanding, diagnosing, and treating TBI is extremely complex for
many reasons, including the variable biomechanics of head impact, differences in
severity and location of injury, and individual patient characteristics. Because
of these confounding factors, the development of reliable diagnostics and
targeted treatments for brain injury remains elusive. We argue that the
development of effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for TBI requires
a deep understanding of human neurophysiology at the molecular level and that
the framework of multiomics may provide some effective solutions for the
diagnosis and treatment of this challenging condition. To this end, we present
here a comprehensive review of TBI biomarker candidates from across the
multiomic disciplines and compare them with known signatures associated with
other neuropsychological conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease and
Parkinson’s disease. We believe that this integrated view will facilitate a
deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of TBI and its potential links to
other neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip A Kocheril
- Physical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy Group, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Shepard C Moore
- Physical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy Group, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Kiersten D Lenz
- Physical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy Group, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Harshini Mukundan
- Physical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy Group, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Laura M Lilley
- Physical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy Group, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
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24
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The role of IL-6 in TBI and PTSD, a potential therapeutic target? Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2022; 218:107280. [PMID: 35567833 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This literature review focuses on the role of IL-6 in TBI or PTSD-induced neuroinflammation. While TBI and PTSD are widely prevalent, these diagnoses are particularly common amongst veterans. Given the role of IL-6 in neuroprotection acutely, compared to detrimental chronically, targeting this cytokine at specific time points may be beneficial in modulating neuroinflammation. Current treatments for TBI or PTSD are variably affective. By reviewing the role of IL-6 in these two diagnoses, future studies can focus on therapeutics to treat neuroinflammation and ultimately reduce the devastating impacts of neuroinflammation on cognition in PTSD and TBI.
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25
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Padmakumar S, Kulkarni P, Ferris CF, Bleier BS, Amiji MM. Traumatic brain injury and the development of parkinsonism: Understanding pathophysiology, animal models, and therapeutic targets. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112812. [PMID: 35290887 PMCID: PMC9050934 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical translation of therapeutic approaches to combat debilitating neurodegenerative conditions, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), remains as an urgent unmet challenge. The strong molecular association between the pathogenesis of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the development of parkinsonism in humans has been well established. Therefore, a lot of ongoing research aims to investigate this pathology overlap in-depth, to exploit the common targets of TBI and PD for development of more effective and long-term treatment strategies. This review article intends to provide a detailed background on TBI pathophysiology and its established overlap with PD with an additional emphasis on the recent findings about their effect on perivascular clearance. Although, the traditional animal models of TBI and PD are still being considered, there is a huge focus on the development of combinatory hybrid animal models coupling concussion with the pre-established PD models for a better recapitulation of the human context of PD pathogenesis. Lastly, the therapeutic targets for TBI and PD, and the contemporary research involving exosomes, DNA vaccines, miRNA, gene therapy and gene editing for the development of potential candidates are discussed, along with the recent development of lesser invasive and promising central nervous system (CNS) drug delivery strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smrithi Padmakumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Praveen Kulkarni
- Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Craig F Ferris
- Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Benjamin S Bleier
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Mansoor M Amiji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America.
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26
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Xu J, Minobe E, Kameyama M. Ca2+ Dyshomeostasis Links Risk Factors to Neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s Disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:867385. [PMID: 35496903 PMCID: PMC9050104 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.867385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD), a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor dysfunction, results from the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Although the precise causes of PD are still unknown, several risk factors for PD have been determined, including aging, genetic mutations, environmental factors, and gender. Currently, the molecular mechanisms underlying risk factor-related neurodegeneration in PD remain elusive. Endoplasmic reticulum stress, excessive reactive oxygen species production, and impaired autophagy have been implicated in neuronal death in the SNc in PD. Considering that these pathological processes are tightly associated with intracellular Ca2+, it is reasonable to hypothesize that dysregulation of Ca2+ handling may mediate risk factors-related PD pathogenesis. We review the recent findings on how risk factors cause Ca2+ dyshomeostasis and how aberrant Ca2+ handling triggers dopaminergic neurodegeneration in the SNc in PD, thus putting forward the possibility that manipulation of specific Ca2+ handling proteins and subcellular Ca2+ homeostasis may lead to new promising strategies for PD treatment.
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27
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Yu H, Cai Y, Zhong A, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Xu S. The "Dialogue" Between Central and Peripheral Immunity After Ischemic Stroke: Focus on Spleen. Front Immunol 2022; 12:792522. [PMID: 34975893 PMCID: PMC8717871 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.792522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune response generated by the body after the incidence of ischemic stroke, runs through the comprehensive process of aftermath. During this process of ischemic stroke, the central neuroinflammation and peripheral immune response seriously affect the prognosis of patients, which has been the focus of research in recent years. As this research scenario progressed, the "dialogue" between central nervous inflammation and peripheral immune response after ischemic stroke has become more closely related. It's worth noting that the spleen, as an important peripheral immune organ, plays a pivotal role in this dialogue. Multiple mechanisms have previously been reported for brain-spleen crosstalk after ischemic stroke. Further, neuroinflammation in the brain can affect the peripheral immune state by activating/inhibiting spleen function. However, the activation of the peripheral immune inflammatory response can work reversibly in the spleen. It further affects intracerebral neuroinflammation through the injured blood-brain barrier. Therefore, paying close attention to the role of spleen as the pivot between central and peripheral immunity in ischemic stroke may help to provide a new target for immune intervention in the treatment of ischemic stroke. In the present review, we reviewed the important role of spleen in central neuroinflammation and peripheral immune response after ischemic stroke. We summarized the relevant studies and reports on spleen as the target of immune intervention which can provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchen Yu
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yichen Cai
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Aiqin Zhong
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunsha Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese, Tianjin, China
| | - Junping Zhang
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
| | - Shixin Xu
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
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28
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Monsour M, Ebedes D, Borlongan CV. A review of the pathology and treatment of TBI and PTSD. Exp Neurol 2022; 351:114009. [PMID: 35150737 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This literature review focuses on the underlying pathophysiology of TBI and PTSD symptoms, while also examining the plethora of stem cell treatment options to ameliorate these neuronal and functional changes. As more veterans return suffering from TBI and/or PTSD, it is vital that researchers discover novel therapies to mitigate the detrimental symptoms of both diagnoses. A variety of stem cell treatments have been studied and offer hopeful options for TBI and PTSD recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Monsour
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Dominique Ebedes
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Cesario V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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29
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Marin C, Fuentes M, Alobid I, Tubita V, Rojas-Lechuga MJ, Mullol J. Olfactory Bulb Excitotoxicity as a Gap-Filling Mechanism Underlying the Link Between Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Secondary Neuronal Degeneration and Parkinson's Disease-Like Pathology. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1025-1036. [PMID: 35067829 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03503-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing preclinical and clinical data supporting a potential association between Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and Parkinson's disease (PD). It has been suggested that the glutamate-induced excitotoxicity underlying TBI secondary neuronal degeneration (SND) might be associated with further development of PD. Interestingly, an accumulation of extracellular glutamate and olfactory dysfunction are both sharing pathological conditions in TBI and PD. The possible involvement of glutamate excitotoxicity in olfactory dysfunction has been recently described, however, the role of olfactory bulbs (OB) glutamate excitotoxicity as a possible mechanism involved in the association between TBI and PD-related neurodegeneration has not been investigated yet. We examined the number of nigral dopaminergic neurons (TH +), nigral α-synuclein expression, the striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) expression, and motor performance after bilateral OB N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA)-induced excitotoxic lesions in rodents. Bulbar NMDA administration induced a decrease in the number of correct choices in the discrimination tests one week after lesions (p < 0.01) and a significant decrease in the number of nigral DAergic neurons (p < 0.01) associated with an increase in α-synuclein expression (p < 0.01). No significant striatal changes in DAT expression or motor alterations were observed. Our results show an association between TBI-induced SND and PD-related neurodegeneration suggesting that the OB excitotoxicity occurring in TBI SND may be a filling gap mechanism underlying the link between TBI and PD-like pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepció Marin
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), IDIBAPS-CELLEX, Department 2B, Rosselló 149-153, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mireya Fuentes
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), IDIBAPS-CELLEX, Department 2B, Rosselló 149-153, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isam Alobid
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), IDIBAPS-CELLEX, Department 2B, Rosselló 149-153, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain.,Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Valeria Tubita
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), IDIBAPS-CELLEX, Department 2B, Rosselló 149-153, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - María Jesús Rojas-Lechuga
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), IDIBAPS-CELLEX, Department 2B, Rosselló 149-153, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain.,Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joaquim Mullol
- INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), IDIBAPS-CELLEX, Department 2B, Rosselló 149-153, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Centre for Biomedical Investigation in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain. .,Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, ENT Department, Hospital Clinic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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30
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Dennis EL, Baron D, Bartnik‐Olson B, Caeyenberghs K, Esopenko C, Hillary FG, Kenney K, Koerte IK, Lin AP, Mayer AR, Mondello S, Olsen A, Thompson PM, Tate DF, Wilde EA. ENIGMA brain injury: Framework, challenges, and opportunities. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:149-166. [PMID: 32476212 PMCID: PMC8675432 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of disability worldwide, but the heterogeneous nature of TBI with respect to injury severity and health comorbidities make patient outcome difficult to predict. Injury severity accounts for only some of this variance, and a wide range of preinjury, injury-related, and postinjury factors may influence outcome, such as sex, socioeconomic status, injury mechanism, and social support. Neuroimaging research in this area has generally been limited by insufficient sample sizes. Additionally, development of reliable biomarkers of mild TBI or repeated subconcussive impacts has been slow, likely due, in part, to subtle effects of injury and the aforementioned variability. The ENIGMA Consortium has established a framework for global collaboration that has resulted in the largest-ever neuroimaging studies of multiple psychiatric and neurological disorders. Here we describe the organization, recent progress, and future goals of the Brain Injury working group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L. Dennis
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical CenterSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- Imaging Genetics CenterStevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USCMarina del ReyCaliforniaUSA
| | - David Baron
- Western University of Health SciencesPomonaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Brenda Bartnik‐Olson
- Department of RadiologyLoma Linda University Medical CenterLoma LindaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Karen Caeyenberghs
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of PsychologyDeakin UniversityBurwoodVictoriaAustralia
| | - Carrie Esopenko
- Department of Rehabilitation and Movement SciencesRutgers Biomedical Health SciencesNewarkNew JerseyUSA
| | - Frank G. Hillary
- Department of PsychologyPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
- Social Life and Engineering Sciences Imaging CenterUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Kimbra Kenney
- Department of NeurologyUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMarylandUSA
- National Intrepid Center of ExcellenceWalter Reed National Military Medical CenterBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Inga K. Koerte
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging LaboratoryBrigham and Women's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and PsychotherapyLudwig‐Maximilians‐UniversitätMunichGermany
| | - Alexander P. Lin
- Center for Clinical SpectroscopyBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Andrew R. Mayer
- Mind Research NetworkAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
- Department of Neurology and PsychiatryUniversity of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
| | - Stefania Mondello
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional ImagingUniversity of MessinaMessinaItaly
| | - Alexander Olsen
- Department of PsychologyNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
- Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationSt. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University HospitalTrondheimNorway
| | - Paul M. Thompson
- Imaging Genetics CenterStevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USCMarina del ReyCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Neurology, Pediatrics, Psychiatry, Radiology, Engineering, and OphthalmologyUniversity of Southern California (USC)Los AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - David F. Tate
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical CenterSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Elisabeth A. Wilde
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical CenterSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
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Vorn R, Suarez M, White JC, Martin CA, Kim HS, Lai C, Yun SJ, Gill JM, Lee H. Exosomal microRNA Differential Expression in Plasma of Young Adults with Chronic Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Healthy Control. Biomedicines 2021; 10:biomedicines10010036. [PMID: 35052715 PMCID: PMC8773035 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has long-term consequences, such as neurological disability, but its pathophysiological mechanism is unknown. Exosomal microRNAs (exomiRNAs) may be important mediators of molecular and cellular changes involved in persistent symptoms after mTBI. We profiled exosomal microRNAs (exomiRNAs) in plasma from young adults with or without a chronic mTBI to decipher the underlying mechanisms of its long-lasting symptoms after mTBI. We identified 25 significantly dysregulated exomiRNAs in the chronic mTBI group (n = 29, with 4.48 mean years since the last injury) compared to controls (n = 11). These miRNAs are associated with pathways of neurological disease, organismal injury and abnormalities, and psychological disease. Dysregulation of these plasma exomiRNAs in chronic mTBI may indicate that neuronal inflammation can last long after the injury and result in enduring and persistent post-injury symptoms. These findings are useful for diagnosing and treating chronic mTBIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rany Vorn
- National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (R.V.); (C.A.M.); (H.-S.K.); (C.L.)
| | - Maiko Suarez
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89102, USA;
| | - Jacob C. White
- College of Liberal Arts, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
| | - Carina A. Martin
- National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (R.V.); (C.A.M.); (H.-S.K.); (C.L.)
| | - Hyung-Suk Kim
- National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (R.V.); (C.A.M.); (H.-S.K.); (C.L.)
| | - Chen Lai
- National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (R.V.); (C.A.M.); (H.-S.K.); (C.L.)
| | | | - Jessica M. Gill
- School of Nursing and Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
- Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Science, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Hyunhwa Lee
- School of Nursing, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
- Correspondence:
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Perrotta F, Perrini MP, Cantatore LP. Acute Parkinsonism in a Patient with Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Report. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 2021; 83:298-300. [PMID: 34788867 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1724108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common cause of parkinsonism, a clinical syndrome that includes bradykinesia, tremor, and postural instability. Secondary causes of parkinsonism include chronic traumatic encephalopathy. However, clear physiopathologic association between spinal cord injury (SCI) and PD has not been well described yet. We describe a rare/unusual case of a patient with C7-D1 fracture/listhesis who, 12 days after the trauma, developed a progressive cognitive impairment together with mandibular tremor. Seven days after the onset of symptoms, because of the persistence of mandibular tremor and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 4, therapy with L-DOPA/benserazide was started, which resulted in gradual reduction of symptoms and complete recovery of consciousness. This could be the first report of PD appearing only 12 days after an SCI in the acute stage. Early differential diagnosis on the first manifestations of this kind of symptoms should be considered in patients with SCI to set up the right therapy essential for improving the outcome and preventing devastating consequences. This might also provide insights into the potential pathophysiologic responses of the brain after primary (immediate) and secondary (delayed) damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Perrotta
- Emergenza-Urgenza, Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Marco Paolo Perrini
- Anestesia e Rianimazione, Università degli Studi di Foggia Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Foggia, Puglia, Italy
| | - Lea Pia Cantatore
- Anestesia e Rianimazione, Università degli Studi di Foggia Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Foggia, Puglia, Italy
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Cai X, Harding IC, Sadaka AH, Colarusso B, Kulkarni P, Ebong E, Qiao J, O'Hare NR, Ferris CF. Mild repetitive head impacts alter perivascular flow in the midbrain dopaminergic system in awake rats. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab265. [PMID: 34806002 PMCID: PMC8600963 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Head injury is a known risk factor for Parkinson's disease. Disruption in the perivascular clearance of metabolic waste and unwanted proteins is thought to be a contributing factor to disease progression. We hypothesized that repetitive mild head impacts, without evidence of structural brain damage, would increase microgliosis and AQP4 expression and depolarization and alter perivascular flow in the midbrain dopaminergic system. Adult male rats were subjected to sham, or two mild head impacts separated by 48 h. Three weeks later, fully awake rats were imaged using dynamic, contrast-enhanced MRI to follow the distribution of intraventricular gadobenate dimeglumine contrast agent. Images were registered to and analysed using a 3D MRI rat atlas providing site-specific data on 171 different brain areas. Following imaging, rats were tested for cognitive function using the Barnes maze assay. Histological analyses of tyrosine hydroxylase, microglia activation and AQP4 expression and polarization were performed on a parallel cohort of head impacted rats at 20 days post insult to coordinate with the time of imaging. There was no change in the global flux of contrast agent between sham and head impacted rats. The midbrain dopaminergic system showed a significant decrease in the influx of contrast agent as compared to sham controls together with a significant increase in microgliosis, AQP4 expression and depolarization. There were no deficits in cognitive function. The histology showed a significant level of neuroinflammation in the midbrain dopaminergic system 3 weeks post mild repetitive head impact but no loss in tyrosine hydroxylase. MRI revealed no structural brain damage emphasizing the potential serious consequences of mild head impacts on sustained brain neuroinflammation in this area critical to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhu Cai
- Department of Psychology, Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ian C Harding
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aymen H Sadaka
- Department of Psychology, Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bradley Colarusso
- Department of Psychology, Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Praveen Kulkarni
- Department of Psychology, Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eno Ebong
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Ju Qiao
- Department of Psychology, Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nick R O'Hare
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Craig F Ferris
- Department of Psychology, Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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34
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Persons AL, Bradaric BD, Kelly LP, Kousik SM, Graves SM, Yamamoto BK, Napier TC. Gut and brain profiles that resemble pre-motor and early-stage Parkinson's disease in methamphetamine self-administering rats. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 225:108746. [PMID: 34098381 PMCID: PMC8483557 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Methamphetamine is a potent psychomotor stimulant, and methamphetamine abusers are up to three times more likely to develop Parkinson's disease (PD) later in life. Prodromal PD may involve gut inflammation and the accumulation of toxic proteins that are transported from the enteric nervous system to the central nervous system to mediate, in part, the degeneration of dopaminergic projections. We hypothesized that self-administration of methamphetamine in rats produces a gut and brain profile that mirrors pre-motor and early-stage PD. METHODS Rats self-administered methamphetamine in daily 3 h sessions for two weeks. Motor function was assessed before self-administration, during self-administration and throughout the 56 days of forced abstinence. Assays for pathogenic markers (tyrosine hydroxylase, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), α-synuclein) were conducted on brain and gut tissue collected at one or 56 days after cessation of methamphetamine self-administration. RESULTS Motor deficits emerged by day 14 of forced abstinence and progressively worsened up to 56 days of forced abstinence. In the pre-motor stage, we observed increased immunoreactivity for GFAP and α-synuclein within the ganglia of the myenteric plexus in the distal colon. Increased α-synuclein was also observed in the substantia nigra pars compacta. At 56 days, GFAP and α-synuclein normalized in the gut, but the accumulation of nigral α-synuclein persisted, and the dorsolateral striatum exhibited a significant loss of tyrosine hydroxylase. CONCLUSION The pre-motor profile is consistent with gut inflammation and gut/brain α-synuclein accumulation associated with prodromal PD and the eventual development of the neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L. Persons
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612,Department of Physician Assistant Studies, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612,Department of Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Brinda D. Bradaric
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612,Department of Health Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612,Department of Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Leo P. Kelly
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Sharanya M. Kousik
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612,Department of Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Steven M. Graves
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612,Department of Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Bryan K. Yamamoto
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - T. Celeste Napier
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612,Department of Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612
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Mirzahosseini G, Ismael S, Ahmed HA, Ishrat T. Manifestation of renin angiotensin system modulation in traumatic brain injury. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:1079-1086. [PMID: 33835385 PMCID: PMC8273091 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00728-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) alters brain function and is a crucial public health concern worldwide. TBI triggers the release of inflammatory mediators (cytokines) that aggravate cerebral damage, thereby affecting clinical prognosis. The renin angiotensin system (RAS) plays a critical role in TBI pathophysiology. RAS is widely expressed in many organs including the brain. Modulation of the RAS in the brain via angiotensin type 1 (AT1) and type 2 (AT2) receptor signaling affects many pathophysiological processes, including TBI. AT1R is highly expressed in neurons and astrocytes. The upregulation of AT1R mediates the effects of angiotensin II (ANG II) including release of proinflammatory cytokines, cell death, oxidative stress, and vasoconstriction. The AT2R, mainly expressed in the fetal brain during development, is also related to cognitive function. Activation of this receptor pathway decreases neuroinflammation and oxidative stress and improves overall cell survival. Numerous studies have illustrated the therapeutic potential of inhibiting AT1R and activating AT2R for treatment of TBI with variable outcomes. In this review, we summarize studies that describe the role of brain RAS signaling, through AT1R and AT2R in TBI, and its modulation with pharmacological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnoush Mirzahosseini
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, 855 Monroe Avenue, Wittenborg Building, Room-231, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Saifudeen Ismael
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, 855 Monroe Avenue, Wittenborg Building, Room-231, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Heba A Ahmed
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, 855 Monroe Avenue, Wittenborg Building, Room-231, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Tauheed Ishrat
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, 855 Monroe Avenue, Wittenborg Building, Room-231, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA.
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3,6'-Dithiopomalidomide Ameliorates Hippocampal Neurodegeneration, Microgliosis and Astrogliosis and Improves Cognitive Behaviors in Rats with a Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158276. [PMID: 34361041 PMCID: PMC8348060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide. It can instigate immediate cell death, followed by a time-dependent secondary injury that results from disproportionate microglial and astrocyte activation, excessive inflammation and oxidative stress in brain tissue, culminating in both short- and long-term cognitive dysfunction and behavioral deficits. Within the brain, the hippocampus is particularly vulnerable to a TBI. We studied a new pomalidomide (Pom) analog, namely, 3,6′-dithioPom (DP), and Pom as immunomodulatory imide drugs (IMiD) for mitigating TBI-induced hippocampal neurodegeneration, microgliosis, astrogliosis and behavioral impairments in a controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of TBI in rats. Both agents were administered as a single intravenous dose (0.5 mg/kg) at 5 h post injury so that the efficacies could be compared. Pom and DP significantly reduced the contusion volume evaluated at 24 h and 7 days post injury. Both agents ameliorated short-term memory deficits and anxiety behavior at 7 days after a TBI. The number of degenerating neurons in the CA1 and dentate gyrus (DG) regions of the hippocampus after a TBI was reduced by Pom and DP. DP, but not Pom, significantly attenuated the TBI-induced microgliosis and DP was more efficacious than Pom at attenuating the TBI-induced astrogliosis in CA1 and DG at 7D after a TBI. In summary, a single intravenous injection of Pom or DP, given 5 h post TBI, significantly reduced hippocampal neurodegeneration and prevented cognitive deficits with a concomitant attenuation of the neuroinflammation in the hippocampus.
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Brown JM, Baker LS, Seroogy KB, Genter MB. Intranasal Carnosine Mitigates α-Synuclein Pathology and Motor Dysfunction in the Thy1-aSyn Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:2347-2359. [PMID: 34138535 PMCID: PMC9996643 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder. Early symptoms include motor dysfunction and impaired olfaction. Toxic aggregation of α-synuclein (aSyn) in the olfactory bulb (OB) and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) is a hallmark of PD neuropathology. Intranasal (IN) carnosine (2 mg/d for 8 weeks) was previously demonstrated to improve motor behavior and mitochondrial function in Thy1-aSyn mice, a model of PD. The present studies evaluated the efficacy of IN carnosine at a higher dose in slowing progression of motor deficits and aSyn accumulation in Thy1-aSyn mice. After baseline neurobehavioral assessments, IN carnosine was administered (0.0, 2.0, or 4.0 mg/day) to wild-type and Thy1-aSyn mice for 8 weeks. Olfactory and motor behavioral measurements were repeated prior to end point tissue collection. Brain sections were immunostained for aSyn and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). Immunopositive cells were counted using design-based stereology in the SNpc and OB mitral cell layer (MCL). Behavioral assessments revealed a dose-dependent improvement in motor function with increasing carnosine dose. Thy1-aSyn mice treated with 2.0 or 4.0 mg/d IN carnosine exhibited fewer aSyn-positive (aSyn(+)) cell bodies in the SNpc compared to vehicle-treated mice. Moreover, the number of aSyn(+) cell bodies in carnosine-treated Thy1-aSyn mice was reduced to vehicle-treated wild-type levels in the SNpc. Carnosine treatment did not affect the number of aSyn(+) cell bodies in the OB-MCL or the number of TH(+) cells in the SNpc. In summary, intranasal carnosine treatment decreased aSyn accumulation in the SNpc, which may underlie its mitigation of motor deficits in the Thy1-aSyn mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine M Brown
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0056, United States
| | - Lauren S Baker
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0056, United States
| | - Kim B Seroogy
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0536, United States
| | - Mary Beth Genter
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0056, United States
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Sivandzade F, Alqahtani F, Cucullo L. Impact of chronic smoking on traumatic brain microvascular injury: An in vitro study. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:7122-7134. [PMID: 34160882 PMCID: PMC8335687 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major reason of cerebrovascular and neurological damage. Premorbid conditions such as tobacco smoking (TS) can worsen post‐TBI injuries by promoting vascular endothelial impairments. Indeed, TS‐induced oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation can hamper the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) endothelium. This study evaluated the subsequence of chronic TS exposure on BBB endothelial cells in an established in vitro model of traumatic cell injury. Experiments were conducted on confluent TS‐exposed mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells (mBMEC‐P5) following scratch injury. The expression of BBB integrity–associated tight junction (TJ) proteins was assessed by immunofluorescence imaging (IF), Western blotting (WB) and quantitative RT‐PCR. We evaluated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, the nuclear factor 2–related (Nrf2) with its downstream effectors and several inflammatory markers. Thrombomodulin expression was used to assess the endothelial haemostatic response to injury and TS exposure. Our results show that TS significantly decreased Nrf2, thrombomodulin and TJ expression in the BBB endothelium injury models while increased OS and inflammation compared to parallel TS‐free cultures. These data suggest that chronic TS exposure exacerbates traumatic endothelial injury and abrogates the protective antioxidative cell responses. The downstream effect was a more significant decline of BBB endothelial viability, which could aggravate subsequent neurological impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzane Sivandzade
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA.,Department of Foundation Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Faleh Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Luca Cucullo
- Department of Foundation Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA
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D’Amico R, Trovato Salinaro A, Fusco R, Cordaro M, Impellizzeri D, Scuto M, Ontario ML, Lo Dico G, Cuzzocrea S, Di Paola R, Siracusa R, Calabrese V. Hericium erinaceus and Coriolus versicolor Modulate Molecular and Biochemical Changes after Traumatic Brain Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:898. [PMID: 34199629 PMCID: PMC8228340 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health and socioeconomic problem affecting the world. This condition results from the application of external physical force to the brain which leads to transient or permanent structural and functional impairments. TBI has been shown to be a risk factor for neurodegeneration which can lead to Parkinson's disease (PD) for example. In this study, we wanted to explore the development of PD-related pathology in the context of an experimental model of TBI and the potential ability of Coriolus versicolor and Hericium erinaceus to prevent neurodegenerative processes. Traumatic brain injury was induced in mice by controlled cortical impact. Behavioral tests were performed at various times: the animals were sacrificed 30 days after the impact and the brain was processed for Western blot and immunohistochemical analyzes. After the head injury, a significant decrease in the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase and the dopamine transporter in the substantia nigra was observed, as well as significant behavioral alterations that were instead restored following daily oral treatment with Hericium erinaceus and Coriolus versicolor. Furthermore, a strong increase in neuroinflammation and oxidative stress emerged in the vehicle groups. Treatment with Hericium erinaceus and Coriolus versicolor was able to prevent both the neuroinflammatory and oxidative processes typical of PD. This study suggests that PD-related molecular events may be triggered on TBI and that nutritional fungi such as Hericium erinaceus and Coriolus versicolor may be important in redox stress response mechanisms and neuroprotection, preventing the progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona D’Amico
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (R.S.)
| | - Angela Trovato Salinaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.T.S.); (M.S.); (M.L.O.); (G.L.D.); (V.C.)
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (R.S.)
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (R.S.)
| | - Maria Scuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.T.S.); (M.S.); (M.L.O.); (G.L.D.); (V.C.)
| | - Maria Laura Ontario
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.T.S.); (M.S.); (M.L.O.); (G.L.D.); (V.C.)
| | - Gianluigi Lo Dico
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.T.S.); (M.S.); (M.L.O.); (G.L.D.); (V.C.)
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (R.S.)
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (R.S.)
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (R.D.); (R.F.); (D.I.); (R.S.)
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (A.T.S.); (M.S.); (M.L.O.); (G.L.D.); (V.C.)
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Wang YS, Hung TW, Bae EK, Wu KJ, Hsieh W, Yu SJ. Naltrexone is neuroprotective against traumatic brain injury in mu opioid receptor knockout mice. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:831-841. [PMID: 34018697 PMCID: PMC8193702 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Naltrexone is a mu opioid receptor (MOR) antagonist used to treat drug dependence in patients. Previous reports indicated that MOR antagonists reduced neurodegeneration and inflammation after brain injury. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of naltrexone in cell culture and a mouse model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods The neuroprotective effect of naltrexone was examined in primary cortical neurons co‐cultured with BV2 microglia. Controlled cortical impact (CCI) was delivered to the left cerebral cortex of adult male MOR wild‐type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice. Naltrexone was given daily for 4 days, starting from day 2 after lesioning. Locomotor activity was evaluated on day 5 after the CCI. Brain tissues were collected for immunostaining, Western, and qPCR analysis. Results Glutamate reduced MAP2 immunoreactivity (‐ir), while increased IBA1‐ir in neuron/BV2 co‐culture; both responses were antagonized by naltrexone. TBI significantly reduced locomotor activity and increased the expression of IBA1, iNOS, and CD4 in the lesioned cortex. Naltrexone significantly and equally antagonized the motor deficits and expression of IBA1 and iNOS in WT and KO mice. TBI‐mediated CD4 protein production was attenuated by naltrexone in WT mice, but not in KO mice. Conclusion Naltrexone reduced TBI‐mediated neurodegeneration and inflammation in MOR WT and KO mice. The protective effect of naltrexone involves non‐MOR and MOR mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Syuan Wang
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institute, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Wei Hung
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institute, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Eun-Kyung Bae
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institute, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Jen Wu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institute, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Wei Hsieh
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institute, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Seong-Jin Yu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institute, Zhunan, Taiwan
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Hsueh SC, Luo W, Tweedie D, Kim DS, Kim YK, Hwang I, Gil JE, Han BS, Chiang YH, Selman W, Hoffer BJ, Greig NH. N-Adamantyl Phthalimidine: A New Thalidomide-like Drug That Lacks Cereblon Binding and Mitigates Neuronal and Synaptic Loss, Neuroinflammation, and Behavioral Deficits in Traumatic Brain Injury and LPS Challenge. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:980-1000. [PMID: 33860215 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.1c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation contributes to delayed secondary cell death following traumatic brain injury (TBI), has the potential to chronically exacerbate the initial insult, and represents a therapeutic target that has largely failed to translate into human efficacy. Thalidomide-like drugs have effectively mitigated neuroinflammation across cellular and animal models of TBI and neurodegeneration but are complicated by adverse actions in humans. We hence developed N-adamantyl phthalimidine (NAP) as a new thalidomide-like drug to mitigate inflammation without binding to cereblon, a key target associated with the antiproliferative, antiangiogenic, and teratogenic actions seen in this drug class. We utilized a phenotypic drug discovery approach that employed multiple cellular and animal models and ultimately examined immunohistochemical, biochemical, and behavioral measures following controlled cortical impact (CCI) TBI in mice. NAP mitigated LPS-induced inflammation across cellular and rodent models and reduced oligomeric α-synuclein and amyloid-β mediated inflammation. Following CCI TBI, NAP mitigated neuronal and synaptic loss, neuroinflammation, and behavioral deficits, and is unencumbered by cereblon binding, a key protein underpinning the teratogenic and adverse actions of thalidomide-like drugs in humans. In summary, NAP represents a new class of thalidomide-like drugs with anti-inflammatory actions for promising efficacy in the treatment of TBI and potentially longer-term neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih Chang Hsueh
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Weiming Luo
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - David Tweedie
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Dong Seok Kim
- AevisBio, Inc., Gaithersburg Maryland 20878, United States.,Aevis Bio, Inc., Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Kyung Kim
- Aevis Bio, Inc., Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Inho Hwang
- Aevis Bio, Inc., Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Eun Gil
- Aevis Bio, Inc., Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Baek-Soo Han
- Research Center for Biodefence, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hsiao Chiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan.,Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Warren Selman
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Barry J Hoffer
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Nigel H Greig
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
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Postupna N, Rose SE, Gibbons LE, Coleman NM, Hellstern LL, Ritchie K, Wilson AM, Cudaback E, Li X, Melief EJ, Beller AE, Miller JA, Nolan AL, Marshall DA, Walker R, Montine TJ, Larson EB, Crane PK, Ellenbogen RG, Lein ES, Dams-O'Connor K, Keene CD. The Delayed Neuropathological Consequences of Traumatic Brain Injury in a Community-Based Sample. Front Neurol 2021; 12:624696. [PMID: 33796061 PMCID: PMC8008107 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.624696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The late neuropathological effects of traumatic brain injury have yet to be fully elucidated, particularly with respect to community-based cohorts. To contribute to this critical gap in knowledge, we designed a multimodal neuropathological study, integrating traditional and quantitative approaches to detect pathologic changes in 532 consecutive brain autopsies from participants in the Adult Changes in Thought (ACT) study. Diagnostic evaluation including assessment for chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) and quantitative immunoassay-based methods were deployed to examine levels of pathological (hyperphosphorylated) tau (pTau) and amyloid (A) β in brains from ACT participants with (n = 107) and without (n = 425) history of remote TBI with loss of consciousness (w/LOC). Further neuropathological assessments included immunohistochemistry for α-synuclein and phospho-TDP-43 pathology and astro- (GFAP) and micro- (Iba1) gliosis, mass spectrometry analysis of free radical injury, and gene expression evaluation (RNA sequencing) in a smaller sub-cohort of matched samples (49 cases with TBI and 49 non-exposed matched controls). Out of 532 cases, only 3 (0.6%-none with TBI w/LOC history) showed evidence of the neuropathologic signature of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Across the entire cohort, the levels of pTau and Aβ showed expected differences for brain region (higher levels in temporal cortex), neuropathological diagnosis (higher in participants with Alzheimer's disease), and APOE genotype (higher in participants with one or more APOE ε4 allele). However, no differences in PHF-tau or Aβ1-42 were identified by Histelide with respect to the history of TBI w/LOC. In a subset of TBI cases with more carefully matched control samples and more extensive analysis, those with TBI w/LOC history had higher levels of hippocampal pTau but no significant differences in Aβ, α-synuclein, pTDP-43, GFAP, Iba1, or free radical injury. RNA-sequencing also did not reveal significant gene expression associated with any measure of TBI exposure. Combined, these findings suggest long term neuropathological changes associated with TBI w/LOC may be subtle, involve non-traditional pathways of neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration, and/or differ from those in autopsy cohorts specifically selected for neurotrauma exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Postupna
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Shannon E. Rose
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Laura E. Gibbons
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Natalie M. Coleman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Leanne L. Hellstern
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kayla Ritchie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Angela M. Wilson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Eiron Cudaback
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Xianwu Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Erica J. Melief
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Allison E. Beller
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | | | - Amber L. Nolan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Desiree A. Marshall
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Rod Walker
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Thomas J. Montine
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Eric B. Larson
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Paul K. Crane
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Richard G. Ellenbogen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Edward S. Lein
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kristen Dams-O'Connor
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - C. Dirk Keene
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
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Smeyne RJ, Noyce AJ, Byrne M, Savica R, Marras C. Infection and Risk of Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2021; 11:31-43. [PMID: 33361610 PMCID: PMC7990414 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-202279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Bacterial or viral infection has been proposed as a potential risk factor, and there is supporting although not entirely consistent epidemiologic and basic science evidence to support its role. Encephalitis caused by influenza has included parkinsonian features. Epidemiological evidence is most compelling for an association between PD and hepatitis C virus. Infection with Helicobacter pylori may be associated not only with PD risk but also response to levodopa. Rapidly evolving knowledge regarding the role of the microbiome also suggests a role of resident bacteria in PD risk. Biological plausibility for the role for infectious agents is supported by the known neurotropic effects of specific viruses, particular vulnerability of the substantia nigra and even the promotion of aggregation of alpha-synuclein. A common feature of implicated viruses appears to be production of high levels of cytokines and chemokines that can cross the blood-brain barrier leading to microglial activation and inflammation and ultimately neuronal cell death. Based on multiple avenues of evidence it appears likely that specific bacterial and particularly viral infections may increase vulnerability to PD. The implications of this for PD prevention requires attention and may be most relevant once preventive treatments for at-risk populations are developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Smeyne
- Department of Neuroscience, Vickie and Jack Farber Institute of Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alastair J Noyce
- Preventive Neurology Unit, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Matthew Byrne
- Department of Neuroscience, Vickie and Jack Farber Institute of Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rodolfo Savica
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota and Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Connie Marras
- The Edmond J Safra Program in Parkinson's disease, Toronto Western Hospital and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Carlson SW, Yan HQ, Li Y, Henchir J, Ma X, Young MS, Ikonomovic MD, Dixon CE. Differential Regional Responses in Soluble Monomeric Alpha Synuclein Abundance Following Traumatic Brain Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:362-374. [PMID: 32948930 PMCID: PMC7704579 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02123-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alpha synuclein (α-synuclein) is a neuronal protein found predominately in presynaptic terminals. While the pathological effect of α-synuclein aggregates has been a topic of intense study in several neurodegenerative conditions, less attention has been placed on changes in monomeric α-synuclein and related physiological consequences on neuronal function. A growing body of evidence supports an important physiological role of α-synuclein in neurotransmission. In the context of traumatic brain injury (TBI), we hypothesized that the regional abundance of soluble monomeric α-synuclein is altered over a chronic time period post-injury. To this end, we evaluated α-synuclein in the cortex, hippocampus, and striatum of adult rats at 6 h, 1 day, 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury. Western blot analysis demonstrated decreased levels of monomer α-synuclein protein in the ipsilateral hippocampus at 6 h, 1 day, 1, 2, and 8 weeks, as well as in the ipsilateral cortex at 1 and 2 weeks and in the ipsilateral striatum at 6 h after CCI compared with sham animals. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed lower α-synuclein and a modest reduction in synaptophysin staining in the ipsilateral hippocampus at 1 week after CCI compared with sham animals, with no evidence of intracellular or extracellular α-synuclein aggregates. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that monomeric α-synuclein protein abundance in the hippocampus is reduced over an extensive (acute-to-chronic) post-injury interval. This deficit may contribute to the chronically impaired neurotransmission known to occur after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Carlson
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - H Q Yan
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - Y Li
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - J Henchir
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - X Ma
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - M S Young
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - M D Ikonomovic
- Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
- VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - C E Dixon
- Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.
- VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Shrestha S, Parks CG, Umbach DM, Richards-Barber M, Hofmann JN, Chen H, Blair A, Beane Freeman LE, Sandler DP. Pesticide use and incident Parkinson's disease in a cohort of farmers and their spouses. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110186. [PMID: 32919961 PMCID: PMC7822498 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive literature suggests an association between general pesticide use and Parkinson's disease (PD). However, with few exceptions, little is known about associations between specific pesticides and PD. OBJECTIVE We evaluated use of pesticides and incident PD in 38,274 pesticide applicators and 27,836 of their spouses in the Agricultural Health Study cohort followed over 20 years. METHODS We used self-reported information on ever-use of 50 specific pesticides as of enrollment for both applicators and spouses, and considered intensity-weighted lifetime days (IWLD) reported at enrollment and through the first 5-year follow-up among applicators. We estimated covariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using Cox regression. We also examined heterogeneity in associations by history of head injury and chemical resistant glove use. RESULTS A total of 373 applicators and 118 spouses self-reported incident doctor-diagnosed PD. Ever-use of the insecticide terbufos (HR:1.31, 95%CI:1.02-1.68) and the herbicides trifluralin (HR:1.29, 95%CI: 0.99-1.70) and 2,4,5-T (HR:1.57, 95%CI:1.21-2.04) was associated with elevated PD risk. On the other hand, diazinon (HR:0.73, 95%CI: 0.58-0.94) and 2,4,5-TP (HR:0.39, 95%CI:0.25-0.62) were associated with reduced risk. We observed heterogeneity in ever-use associations by head injury and chemical-resistant glove use for some pesticides, with higher risk among those who reported a history of head injury, or who did not use gloves. PD risk was also elevated for applicators in the highest category of IWLD for dichlorvos, permethrin (animal use), and benomyl. CONCLUSIONS We found evidence of increased PD risk for some pesticides. Our results also suggest higher susceptibility for pesticide-associated PD among individuals with head injury as well as protection with use of chemical resistant gloves, although further research is needed to understand the impact of head injury. Research on current and newer pesticides, including mechanisms relevant to PD, is important given widespread pesticide use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Shrestha
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Christine G Parks
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - David M Umbach
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Jonathan N Hofmann
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Honglei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Aaron Blair
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laura E Beane Freeman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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Sharma A, Muresanu DF, Castellani RJ, Nozari A, Lafuente JV, Sahib S, Tian ZR, Buzoianu AD, Patnaik R, Wiklund L, Sharma HS. Mild traumatic brain injury exacerbates Parkinson's disease induced hemeoxygenase-2 expression and brain pathology: Neuroprotective effects of co-administration of TiO 2 nanowired mesenchymal stem cells and cerebrolysin. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2020; 258:157-231. [PMID: 33223035 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is one of the leading predisposing factors in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). Mild or moderate TBI induces rapid production of tau protein and alpha synuclein (ASNC) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and in several brain areas. Enhanced tau-phosphorylation and ASNC alters the molecular machinery of the brain leading to PD pathology. Recent evidences show upregulation of constitutive isoform of hemeoxygenase (HO-2) in PD patients that correlates well with the brain pathology. mTBI alone induces profound upregulation of HO-2 immunoreactivity. Thus, it would be interesting to explore whether mTBI exacerbates PD pathology in relation to tau, ASNC and HO-2 expression. In addition, whether neurotrophic factors and stem cells known to reduce brain pathology in TBI could induce neuroprotection in PD following mTBI. In this review role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and cerebrolysin (CBL), a well-balanced composition of several neurotrophic factors and active peptide fragments using nanowired delivery in PD following mTBI is discussed based on our own investigation. Our results show that mTBI induces concussion exacerbates PD pathology and nanowired delivery of MSCs and CBL induces superior neuroprotection. This could be due to reduction in tau, ASNC and HO-2 expression in PD following mTBI, not reported earlier. The functional significance of our findings in relation to clinical strategies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Dafin F Muresanu
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; "RoNeuro" Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rudy J Castellani
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ala Nozari
- Anesthesiology & Intensive Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - José Vicente Lafuente
- LaNCE, Department of Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Seaab Sahib
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Z Ryan Tian
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Anca D Buzoianu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ranjana Patnaik
- Department of Biomaterials, School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Lars Wiklund
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hari Shanker Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Zeng H, Liu N, Liu XX, Yang YY, Zhou MW. α-Synuclein in traumatic and vascular diseases of the central nervous system. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:22313-22334. [PMID: 33188159 PMCID: PMC7695413 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
α-Synuclein (α-Syn) is a small, soluble, disordered protein that is widely expressed in the nervous system. Although its physiological functions are not yet fully understood, it is mainly involved in synaptic vesicle transport, neurotransmitter synthesis and release, cell membrane homeostasis, lipid synthesis, mitochondrial and lysosomal activities, and heavy metal removal. The complex and inconsistent pathological manifestations of α-Syn are attributed to its structural instability, mutational complexity, misfolding, and diverse posttranslational modifications. These effects trigger mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammatory responses, resulting in neuronal death and neurodegeneration. Several recent studies have discovered the pathogenic roles of α-Syn in traumatic and vascular central nervous system diseases, such as traumatic spinal cord injury, brain injury, and stroke, and in aggravating the processes of neurodegeneration. This review aims to highlight the structural and pathophysiological changes in α-Syn and its mechanism of action in traumatic and vascular diseases of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zeng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Xie Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yan-Yan Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mou-Wang Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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Bonsack B, Heyck M, Kingsbury C, Cozene B, Sadanandan N, Lee JY, Borlongan CV. Fast-tracking regenerative medicine for traumatic brain injury. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:1179-1190. [PMID: 31960797 PMCID: PMC7047809 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.270294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury remains a global health crisis that spans all demographics, yet there exist limited treatment options that may effectively curtail its lingering symptoms. Traumatic brain injury pathology entails a progression from primary injury to inflammation-mediated secondary cell death. Sequestering this inflammation as a means of ameliorating the greater symptomology of traumatic brain injury has emerged as an attractive treatment prospect. In this review, we recapitulate and evaluate the important developments relating to regulating traumatic brain injury-induced neuroinflammation, edema, and blood-brain barrier disintegration through pharmacotherapy and stem cell transplants. Although these studies of stand-alone treatments have yielded some positive results, more therapeutic outcomes have been documented from the promising area of combined drug and stem cell therapy. Harnessing the facilitatory properties of certain pharmaceuticals with the anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects of stem cell transplants creates a synergistic effect greater than the sum of its parts. The burgeoning evidence in favor of combined drug and stem cell therapies warrants more elaborate preclinical studies on this topic in order to pave the way for later clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke Bonsack
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Matt Heyck
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Chase Kingsbury
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Blaise Cozene
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Nadia Sadanandan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jea-Young Lee
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Cesar V. Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
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Lin CT, Lecca D, Yang LY, Luo W, Scerba MT, Tweedie D, Huang PS, Jung YJ, Kim DS, Yang CH, Hoffer BJ, Wang JY, Greig NH. 3,6'-dithiopomalidomide reduces neural loss, inflammation, behavioral deficits in brain injury and microglial activation. eLife 2020; 9:e54726. [PMID: 32589144 PMCID: PMC7375814 DOI: 10.7554/elife.54726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes mortality and disability worldwide. It can initiate acute cell death followed by secondary injury induced by microglial activation, oxidative stress, inflammation and autophagy in brain tissue, resulting in cognitive and behavioral deficits. We evaluated a new pomalidomide (Pom) analog, 3,6'-dithioPom (DP), and Pom as immunomodulatory agents to mitigate TBI-induced cell death, neuroinflammation, astrogliosis and behavioral impairments in rats challenged with controlled cortical impact TBI. Both agents significantly reduced the injury contusion volume and degenerating neuron number evaluated histochemically and by MRI at 24 hr and 7 days, with a therapeutic window of 5 hr post-injury. TBI-induced upregulated markers of microglial activation, astrogliosis and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, iNOS, COX-2, and autophagy-associated proteins were suppressed, leading to an amelioration of behavioral deficits with DP providing greater efficacy. Complementary animal and cellular studies demonstrated DP and Pom mediated reductions in markers of neuroinflammation and α-synuclein-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Tung Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Daniela Lecca
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, NIHBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Ling-Yu Yang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Weiming Luo
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, NIHBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Michael T Scerba
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, NIHBaltimoreUnited States
| | - David Tweedie
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, NIHBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Pen-Sen Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yoo-Jin Jung
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, NIHBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Dong Seok Kim
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, NIHBaltimoreUnited States
- AevisBio IncGaithersburgUnited States
- AevisBio IncDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Chih-Hao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Barry J Hoffer
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandUnited States
| | - Jia-Yi Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Nigel H Greig
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, NIHBaltimoreUnited States
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Sharma AK, Sane HM, Kulkarni PP, Gokulchandran N, Biju H, Badhe PB. Autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation in patients with chronic traumatic brain injury- a clinical study. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 9:3. [PMID: 32588151 PMCID: PMC7306831 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-020-00043-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is one of the common causes of longterm disability worldwide. Cell transplantation has gained attention as a prospective therapeutic option for neurotraumatic disorders like TBI. The postulated mechanism of cell transplantation which includes angiogenesis, axonal regeneration, neurogenesis and synaptic remodeling, may tackle the pathology of chronic TBI and improve overall functioning. Methods To study the effects of cell transplantation, 50 patients with chronic TBI were enrolled in an open label non-randomized study. The intervention included intrathecal transplantation of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells and neurorehabilitation. Mean follow up duration was 22 months. Fifteen patients underwent second dose of cell transplantation, 6 months after their first intervention. Percentage analysis was performed to analyze the symptomatic improvements in the patients. Functional independence measure (FIM) was used as an outcome measure to evaluate the functional changes in the patients. Statistical tests were applied on the pre-intervention and post-intervention scores for determining the significance. Comparative Positron Emission Tomography- computed tomography (PET CT) scans were performed in 10 patients to monitor the effect of intervention on brain function. Factors such as age, multiple doses, time since injury and severity of injury were also analyzed to determine their effect on the outcome of cell transplantation. Adverse events were monitored throughout the follow up period. Results Overall 92% patients showed improvements in symptoms such as sitting and standing balance, voluntary control, memory, oromotor skills lower limb activities, ambulation, trunk & upper limb activity, speech, posture, communication, psychological status, cognition, attention and concentration, muscle tone, coordination, activities of daily living. A statistically significant (at p ≤ 0.05 with p-value 0) improvement was observed in the scores of FIM after intervention on the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Better outcome of the intervention was found in patients with mild TBI, age less than 18 years and time since injury less than 5 years. Ten patients who underwent a repeat PET CT scan brain showed improved brain metabolism in areas which correlated to the symptomatic changes. Two patients had an episode of seizures which was managed with medication. They both had an abnormal EEG before the intervention and 1 of them had previous history and was on antiepileptics. No other major adverse events were recorded. Conclusion This study demonstrates the safety and efficacy of cell transplantation in chronic TBI on long term follow up. Early intervention in younger age group of patients with mild TBI showed the best outcome in this study. In combination with neurorehabilitation, cell transplantation can enhance functional recovery and improve quality of life of patients with chronic TBI. PET CT scan brain should be explored as a monitoring tool to study the efficacy of intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok K Sharma
- Department of Medical Services, NeuroGen Brain & Spine Institute, Plot 19, Sector 40, Next to Seawood Grand Central Station (W), Off Palm Beach Road, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, 400706, India
| | - Hemangi M Sane
- Department Of Research & Development, NeuroGen Brain & Spine Institute, Plot 19, Sector 40, Next to Seawood Grand Central Station [W], Off Palm Beach Road, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, 400706, India
| | - Pooja P Kulkarni
- Department Of Research & Development, NeuroGen Brain & Spine Institute, Plot 19, Sector 40, Next to Seawood Grand Central Station [W], Off Palm Beach Road, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, 400706, India.
| | - Nandini Gokulchandran
- Department of Medical Services, NeuroGen Brain & Spine Institute, Plot 19, Sector 40, Next to Seawood Grand Central Station (W), Off Palm Beach Road, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, 400706, India
| | - Hema Biju
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, NeuroGen Brain & Spine Institute, Plot 19, Sector 40, Next to Seawood Grand Central Station [W], Off Palm Beach Road, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, 400706, India
| | - Prerna B Badhe
- Department of Regenerative Laboratory Services, NeuroGen Brain & Spine Institute, Plot 19, Sector 40, Next to Seawood Grand Central Station [W], Off Palm Beach Road, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, 400706, India
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