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Zheng Y, Qin C, Wen M, Zhang L, Wang W. The Effects of Food Nutrients and Bioactive Compounds on the Gut Microbiota: A Comprehensive Review. Foods 2024; 13:1345. [PMID: 38731716 PMCID: PMC11083588 DOI: 10.3390/foods13091345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
It is now widely recognized that gut microbiota plays a critical role not only in the development and progression of diseases, but also in its susceptibility to dietary patterns, food composition, and nutritional intake. In this comprehensive review, we have compiled the latest findings on the effects of food nutrients and bioactive compounds on the gut microbiota. The research indicates that certain components, such as unsaturated fatty acids, dietary fiber, and protein have a significant impact on the composition of bile salts and short-chain fatty acids through catabolic processes, thereby influencing the gut microbiota. Additionally, these compounds also have an effect on the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroides, as well as the abundance of specific species like Akkermansia muciniphila. The gut microbiota has been found to play a role in altering the absorption and metabolism of nutrients, bioactive compounds, and drugs, adding another layer of complexity to the interaction between food and gut microbiota, which often requires long-term adaptation to yield substantial outcomes. In conclusion, understanding the relationship between food compounds and gut microbiota can offer valuable insights into the potential therapeutic applications of food and dietary interventions in various diseases and health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Zheng
- Clinical Pharmacy (Sino-Foreign Cooperation) Class, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;
| | - Chunyin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China; (C.Q.); (M.W.)
| | - Mingchun Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China; (C.Q.); (M.W.)
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China; (C.Q.); (M.W.)
| | - Weinan Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1 Xincheng Blvd, Dongguan 523808, China
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Yoo A, Ahn J, Seo HD, Hahm JH, Jung CH, Ly SY, Ha TY. Fuzhuan brick tea extract ameliorates obesity-induced skeletal muscle atrophy by alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction in mice. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 125:109532. [PMID: 37977405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Fuzhuan brick tea (FBT) is a post-fermented tea fermented by the fungus Eurotium cristatum and is mainly produced in Hunan Province, China. Our previous study revealed that FBT extract prevents obesity by increasing energy expenditure and mitochondrial content in mice. Therefore, in this study, we hypothesized that FBT extract could be effective in alleviating obesity-induced muscle atrophy by addressing mitochondrial dysfunction, and aimed to explore the underlying molecular mechanism of FBT extract in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. FBT extract increased skeletal muscle weight and size, myosin heavy chain isoforms, and muscle performance in obese mice. Additionally, FBT extract reduced obesity-induced intramuscular lipids, skeletal muscle inflammation, and the expression of skeletal muscle atrophy markers, and increased the expression of fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 in skeletal muscles. Obesity-induced skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction was improved by FBT extract as analyzed through mitochondrial morphology, fatty acid oxidation, respiratory chain complexes, and mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis. Epigallocatechin, a major bioactive compound in FBT extract, attenuated palmitic acid-induced muscle atrophy by regulating mitochondrial functions in C2C12 cells. In conclusion, FBT extract may prevent obesity-induced muscle atrophy by alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahyoung Yoo
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea; Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Deok Seo
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Hahm
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea; Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Yung Ly
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Youl Ha
- Aging and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea; Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Gao C, Koko MY, Hong W, Gankhuyag J, Hui M, Gantumur MA, Dong N. Protective Properties of Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase Supplementation on the Intestinal Barrier: Interactions and Effects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:27-45. [PMID: 37964463 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal barrier is critical for maintaining intestinal homeostasis, and its dysfunction is associated with various diseases. Recent findings have revealed the multifunctional role of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) in diverse biological processes, including gut health maintenance and function. This review summarizes the protective effects of IAP on intestinal barrier integrity, encompassing the physical, chemical, microbial, and immune barriers. We discuss the results and insights from in vitro, animal model, and clinical studies as well as the available evidence regarding the impact of diet on IAP activity and expression. IAP can also be used as an indicator to assess intestinal-barrier-related diseases. Further research into the mechanisms of action and long-term health effects of IAP in maintaining overall intestinal health is essential for its future use as a dietary supplement or functional component in medical foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenzhe Gao
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China 150030
- College of Food, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China 150030
| | - Marwa Yagoub Koko
- College of Food, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China 150030
| | - Weichen Hong
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China 150030
| | - Javzan Gankhuyag
- College of Food, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China 150030
| | - Mizhou Hui
- College of Food, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China 150030
| | - Munkh-Amgalan Gantumur
- College of Food, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China 150030
| | - Na Dong
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Immunity, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China 150030
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Li H, Dai W, Zhang X, Lu J, Song F, Li H. Chemical components of Fu brick tea and its potential preventive effects on metabolic syndrome. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:35-47. [PMID: 38268870 PMCID: PMC10804099 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
As living standards advance, an escalating emphasis is placed on health, particularly in relation to prevalent chronic metabolic disorders. It is necessary to explore safe and effective functional foods or drugs. Fu brick tea (FBT) is a kind of dark tea fermented by fungi. The extracts are rich in compounds that can effectively relieve metabolic diseases such as hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, protect the liver, improve human immunity, enhance antioxidant activity, and regulate intestinal flora. This paper summarizes the biological activities and mechanisms of the extracts, polysaccharides, and small molecular compounds of FBT, which provides a certain theoretical basis for the rational, systematic, comprehensive development and utilization of the FBT resources. It is expected to develop and apply these active substances in health care products and natural medicines and provide more beneficial and diversified FBT products for human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education of ChinaSchool of Light IndustryBeijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wei Dai
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education of ChinaSchool of Light IndustryBeijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xinjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology in Tibet Plateau (Ministry of Education), Institute of Tibet Plateau EcologyTibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry UniversityNyingchiTibetChina
| | - Jie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology in Tibet Plateau (Ministry of Education), Institute of Tibet Plateau EcologyTibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry UniversityNyingchiTibetChina
| | - Fuhang Song
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education of ChinaSchool of Light IndustryBeijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education of ChinaSchool of Light IndustryBeijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijingChina
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Zhen Q, Liang Q, Wang H, Zheng Y, Lu Z, Bian C, Zhao X, Guo X. Theabrownin ameliorates liver inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis in MCD diet-fed C57BL/6J mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1118925. [PMID: 36742397 PMCID: PMC9889550 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1118925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), also known as metabolic steatohepatitis, is a clinical syndrome with pathological changes like alcoholic hepatitis but without a history of excessive alcohol consumption. NASH is closely related to metabolic disorders such as obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia. Its main characteristics are hepatocyte steatosis with hepatocyte injury and inflammation. In severe cases, it can develop into liver cirrhosis. At present, there is no special treatment for NASH. Theabrownin (TB) is the main pigment substance in fermented tea. Theabrownin has beneficial effects on lipid metabolism and intestinal flora. However, the effect of theabrownin on NASH has not been studied. Methods This study was aimed at exploring the effects of theabrownin from Fuzhuan brick tea on NASH. 8-week-old mice were randomly assigned to three groups and fed with chow diet (CD), methionine and choline sufficient (MCS) diet (MCS Ctrl), which is a Methionine/choline deficient (MCD) control diet, and MCD diet. After 5 weeks of feeding, the MCD group mice were randomly divided into two groups and were gavaged with double distilled water (MCD Ctrl) or theabrownin (MCD TB) (200mg/kg body weight, dissolved in double distilled water) every day for another 4 weeks respectively, while continuing MCD diet feeding. Results We found that theabrownin treatment could not improve liver mass loss and steatosis. However, theabrownin ameliorated liver injury and decreased liver inflammatory response. Theabrownin also alleviated liver oxidative stress and fibrosis. Furthermore, our results showed that theabrownin increased hepatic level of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and reduced the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 in MCD diet-fed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingcai Zhen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qijian Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hongchun Wang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence Application, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhongting Lu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chunyong Bian
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiulan Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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Tian FM, Yi J, Tang Y, Chen BW, Long HP, Liu YF, Ou-Yang Y, Zhang WJ, Tang RM, Liu BY. A UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and network pharmacology method to explore the mechanism of Anhua fuzhuan tea intervention in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Food Funct 2023; 14:3686-3700. [PMID: 36971300 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02774g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The possible mechanism by which the active components of Anhua fuzhuan tea act on FAM in NAFLD lesions was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Ming Tian
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, China.
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, China.
| | - Jian Yi
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, China.
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, 58 Lushan Road, Changsha, China.
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, China.
| | - Yan Tang
- Yiyang Medical College, 516 Yingbin Road, Yiyang, China.
| | - Bo-Wei Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, China.
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, China.
| | - Hong-Ping Long
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, China.
| | - Ying-Fei Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, China.
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, China.
| | - Yin Ou-Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, China.
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, China.
| | - Wen-Jiang Zhang
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xixian Avenue, Xixian New Area, China.
| | - Rong-Mei Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, China.
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, China.
| | - Bai-Yan Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, China.
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, 58 Lushan Road, Changsha, China.
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Li XY, Wang Z, Jiang JG, Shen CY. Role of polyphenols from Polygonum multiflorum Caulis in obesity-related disorders. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 294:115378. [PMID: 35562092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Polygoni Multiflori Caulis (PMC) has been widely consumed as folk medicine in China for anti-obesity, sleep-enhancing and many other pharmacological effects. However, the material basis and underlying mechanism of PMC on obesity-related disorders were still not clear. AIM OF THE STUDY To screen active constituents from PMC and explore their multitarget mechanisms in the treatment of obesity and its associated disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS Several major constituents were extracted from PMC and LC-MS assay were used to identify the compounds. The lipase inhibitory activity and lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were determined. Furthermore, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice were established to explore the potential pharmacological functions and related mechanisms using kits, RT-qPCR and biochemical analysis. RESULTS Regarding the lipase inhibitory activity, the inhibition rate of EA and n-Bu extracts at 4 mg/mL reached over 80%. Effects on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes proliferation and differentiation were also obvious, indicating that EA and n-Bu extracts might exert potential anti-obesity functions. LC-MS assay further showed that polyphenols including emodin and physcion comprised majority of EA and n-Bu extracts. EA and n-Bu extracts treatment could significantly modulate the antioxidant response and lipid accumulation in C. elegans, as evidenced by increased SOD and CAT contents, reduced MDA levels, higher TG contents and changes of related mRNA expression levels. In HFD-induced mice, the inhibition ratio of body weight as well as the histological and biochemical indexes of liver, plasma and epididymal adipose tissues were also reversed by EA and n-Bu extracts treatment. Moreover, EA and n-Bu extracts administration increased the microbial diversity, reshaped the microbiota structure and enhanced the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the multicomponent and multitarget characteristics of PMC in preventing obesity related disorders. The results provided novel insights for the development and utilization of PMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yi Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China
| | - Zheng Wang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jian-Guo Jiang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Chun-Yan Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
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Mumu M, Das A, Emran TB, Mitra S, Islam F, Roy A, Karim MM, Das R, Park MN, Chandran D, Sharma R, Khandaker MU, Idris AM, Kim B. Fucoxanthin: A Promising Phytochemical on Diverse Pharmacological Targets. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:929442. [PMID: 35983376 PMCID: PMC9379326 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.929442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin (FX) is a special carotenoid having an allenic bond in its structure. FX is extracted from a variety of algae and edible seaweeds. It has been proved to contain numerous health benefits and preventive effects against diseases like diabetes, obesity, liver cirrhosis, malignant cancer, etc. Thus, FX can be used as a potent source of both pharmacological and nutritional ingredient to prevent infectious diseases. In this review, we gathered the information regarding the current findings on antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, skin protective, anti-obesity, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and other properties of FX including its bioavailability and stability characteristics. This review aims to assist further biochemical studies in order to develop further pharmaceutical assets and nutritional products in combination with FX and its various metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mumtaza Mumu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Ayan Das
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- *Correspondence: Talha Bin Emran, ; Abubakr M. Idris, ; Bonglee Kim,
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Md. Mobarak Karim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Rajib Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Moon Nyeo Park
- Department of Pathology College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Deepak Chandran
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Abubakr M. Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Talha Bin Emran, ; Abubakr M. Idris, ; Bonglee Kim,
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Talha Bin Emran, ; Abubakr M. Idris, ; Bonglee Kim,
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Tea phenolics as prebiotics. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Fermentation characteristics and probiotic activity of a purified fraction of polysaccharides from Fuzhuan brick tea. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2021.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Metabolomics Analysis Reveals the Effects of Compound Fuzhuan Brick Tea (CFBT) on Regulating Dyslipidemia and Metabolic Disorders in Mice Induced by High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061128. [PMID: 35334785 PMCID: PMC8952331 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: It is well known that obesity induced by high-fat diet (HFD) poses a serious threat to people’s health. Fuzhuan brick tea, one of the most popular beverages, is reported to possess a significant effect on regulating lipid metabolism, attributed to its many bioactive ingredients. However, the efficacy and mechanism of compound Fuzhuan brick tea (CFBT) made from Fuzhuan brick tea and other six Chinese herbal medicines are still not well defined. Methods: Sixty mice were divided into six groups: normal control group (CK), high-fat model group (NK), positive control group with anti-hyperlipidemic drug (YK), CFBT at low-(FL), medium-(FM) and high-(FH) dosage. Intervening for 30 days, conventional indexes analysis combined with metabolomics were performed to evaluate the changes in biochemical indexes and liver metabolic profiles in mice submitted to HFD. Results: CFBT treatment was able to ameliorate obesity, serum biochemical parameters, antioxidant activity and hepatic steatosis. In addition, significant alterations in the liver tissue metabolic profiles were observed, with most of these associated with inflammation, glucose and lipid metabolism. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that consumption of CFBT is capable of preventing dyslipidemia, reducing weight gain, restoring liver injury, as well as improving metabolic disorders.
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Theophylline Extracted from Fu Brick Tea Affects the Metabolism of Preadipocytes and Body Fat in Mice as a Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitor. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052525. [PMID: 35269668 PMCID: PMC8910281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The dramatic increase in obesity is putting people under increasing pressure. Lipase inhibitors, as a kind of effective anti-obesity drug, have attracted more and more researchers’ attention in recent years because of their advantages of acting on the intestinal tract and having no side effects on the central nervous system. In this study, lipase inhibitor Fu Brick Theophylline (FBT) was screened based on enzyme molecular dynamics, and the inhibition mechanism of lipase inhibitors on obesity was analyzed and discussed at the cellular level and animal model level. We found that FBT had high inhibition effects of lipase with an IC50 of 1.02~0.03 μg/mL. Firstly, the laboratory used 3T3-L1 proadipocytes as models, flow cytometry was used to detect the effects of FBT on the cycle, apoptosis and intracellular ROS activity of proadipocytes. To study the contents of triglyceride, total cholesterol, related metabolites and related gene and protein expression in adipocytes. The results showed that FBT could reduce ROS production and inflammatory factor mRNA expression during cell differentiation. Secondly, by establishing the animal model of high-fat feed ob nutritional obese mice, the morphological observation and gene expression analysis of body weight, fat rate, adipocyte and hepatocyte metabolism of FBT obese mice were further discussed. It was proven that FBT can effectively reduce the degree of fatty liver, prevent liver fibrosis and fat accumulation, and improve the damage of mitochondrial membrane structure. This study provides a theoretical basis for the screening and clinical treatment of lipase inhibitors.
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Qin S, He Z, Wu Y, Zeng C, Zheng Z, Zhang H, Lv C, Yuan Y, Wu H, Ye J, Liu Z, Shi M. Instant Dark Tea Alleviates Hyperlipidaemia in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rat: From Molecular Evidence to Redox Balance and Beyond. Front Nutr 2022; 9:819980. [PMID: 35223953 PMCID: PMC8875000 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.819980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Instant dark tea (IDT) is a new product gaining increasing attention because it is convenient and can endow significant health benefit to consumers, which is partially attributed to its high concentration of functional ingredients. However, the molecular mechanism underlying its regulatory effect on hyperlipidaemia is rarely studied. In this study, we performed omics and molecular verification in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rat, aiming to reveal the mechanism and provide molecular evidence. The results showed that the major bioactive components in IDT were include 237.9 mg/g total polysaccharides, 336.6 mg/g total polyphenols, and 46.9 mg/g EGCG. Rats fed with IDT (0.27–0.54 g/kg for 12 weeks) significantly reduced the body weight and TC, TG, LDL-C, blood glucose, and MDA and induced the level of serum HDL-C and also the levels of liver SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, and Nrf2, compared to HFD group. For molecular mechanism study, HIDT feeding had significant impact on the gene expressions of biomarkers in lipogenesis (FABP, CD36, SCD1, Cyp4a1, and Kcnn2), lipid oxidation (PPARγ), and glucose glycolysis (Gck and ENO2) in liver tissue. Moreover, gut microbiome study found that rats fed with IDT dramatically modified the gut microbial species at the family level, such as suppressing the increase abundance of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes induced by HFD. HIDT significantly boosted the relative composition of beneficial bacterium Akkermansia and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and decreased the relative abundance of the harmful bacterium Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005 and Ruminiclostridium_9, compared to HFD (p < 0.01). Correlation analysis between microbiome and animal indicators found that seven genera including Akkermansia, Clostridiales, Lachnospiraceae, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-010, Ruminiclostridium_9, Ruminococaceae-UCG-005, and Ruminocuccus_1 were found as potential biomarkers that were strongly correlated with oxidative stress and metabolism genes. For instance, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005 was significantly correlated with body weight, TG, HDL-C, Nfr2, FABP3, SCD1, Cyp4a1, and Kcnn2. Collectively, the above data obtained in this study had provided the primary molecular evidence for the molecular mechanism and brought in novel insights based on omics for the regulatory effect of IDT on hyperlipidaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Qin
- Lab of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Si Qin
| | - Zhilan He
- Lab of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanjie Wu
- Hunan Tea Group Co. LTD, Changsha, China
| | - Chaoxi Zeng
- Lab of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhibing Zheng
- Lab of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Haowei Zhang
- Lab of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenghao Lv
- Lab of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Hunan Tea Group Co. LTD, Changsha, China
| | - Haoren Wu
- Hunan Tea Group Co. LTD, Changsha, China
| | - Jianhui Ye
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Zhonghua Liu
| | - Meng Shi
- Lab of Food Function and Nutrigenomics, College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Meng Shi
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14
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Anti-obesity natural products and gut microbiota. Food Res Int 2022; 151:110819. [PMID: 34980371 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The link between gut microbiota and obesity or other metabolic syndromes is growing increasingly clear. Natural products are appreciated for their beneficial health effects in humans. Increasing investigations demonstrated that the anti-obesity bioactivities of many natural products are gut microbiota dependent. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on anti-obesity natural products acting through gut microbiota according to their chemical structures and signaling metabolites. Manipulation of the gut microbiota by natural products may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent obesity.
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15
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Ma H, Hu Y, Zhang B, Shao Z, Roura E, Wang S. Tea polyphenol – gut microbiota interactions: hints on improving the metabolic syndrome in a multi-element and multi-target manner. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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16
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Du Y, Yang W, Yang C, Yang X. A comprehensive review on microbiome, aromas and flavors, chemical composition, nutrition and future prospects of Fuzhuan brick tea. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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17
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Chen G, Peng Y, Xie M, Xu W, Chen C, Zeng X, Liu Z. A critical review of Fuzhuan brick tea: processing, chemical constituents, health benefits and potential risk. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:5447-5464. [PMID: 34964426 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2020718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fuzhuan brick tea (FBT) is a traditional popular beverage in the border regions of China. Nowadays, FBT has been attracted great attention due to its uniquely flavor and various health-promoting functions. An increasing number of efforts have been devoted to the studies on health benefits and chemistry of FBT over the last decades. However, FBT was still received much less attention than green tea, oolong tea and black tea. Therefore, it is necessary to review the current encouraging findings about processing, microorganisms, chemical constituents, health benefits and potential risk of FBT. The fungus fermentation is the key stage for processing of FBT, which is involved in a complex and unique microbial fermentation process. The fungal community in FBT is mainly dominated by "golden flower" fungi, which is identified as Aspergillus cristatus. A great diversity of novel compounds is formed and identified after a series of biochemical reactions during the fermentation process of FBT. FBT shows various biological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, anti-bacterial, and anti-tumor activities. Furthermore, the potential risk of FBT was also discussed. It is expected that this review could be useful for stimulating further research of FBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guijie Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yujia Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minhao Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiqi Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunxu Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha, China
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18
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Zhou F, Li YL, Zhang X, Wang KB, Huang JA, Liu ZH, Zhu MZ. Polyphenols from Fu Brick Tea Reduce Obesity via Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Gut Microbiota-Related Intestinal Oxidative Stress and Barrier Function. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:14530-14543. [PMID: 34752089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fu brick tea (FBT) is a microbial-fermented tea, which is produced by the solid-state fermentation of tea leaves. Previous studies have proved that FBT aqueous extracts could attenuate obesity and gut microbiota dysbiosis. However, the bioactive components in FBT that contribute to these activities remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of FBT polyphenols (FBTPs) on obesity, gut microbiota, and gut microbiota-related intestinal oxidative stress and barrier function and to further investigate whether the antiobesity effect of FBTPs was dependent on the alteration of gut microbiota. The results showed that FBTP supplementation effectively attenuated obesity in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats. FBTP supplementation improved the intestinal oxidative stress and intestinal barrier function, including intestinal inflammation and the integrity of the intestinal barrier. Furthermore, FBTP intervention significantly attenuated HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, characterized by increased phylogenetic diversity and decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. Certain core microbes, including Akkermansia muciniphila, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides, and Faecalibaculum, were also found to be improved by FBTPs. Moreover, the antiobesity effect of FBTPs was gut microbiota-dependent, as demonstrated by a fecal microbiota transplantation experiment. Collectively, we concluded that FBTPs reduced obesity by modulating the gut microbiota and gut microbiota-related intestinal oxidative stress and barrier function. Therefore, FBTPs may be used as prebiotic agents to treat obesity and gut microbiota dysbiosis in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yi-Long Li
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Kun-Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jian-An Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ming-Zhi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Education Ministry for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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19
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Liu Y, Wu Z, Cheng L, Zhang X, Yang H. The role of the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of host depression and mechanism of TPs relieving depression. Food Funct 2021; 12:7651-7663. [PMID: 34286799 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01091c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a prevalent neuropsychiatric disease with a high recurrence rate, affecting over 350 million people worldwide. Intestinal flora disorders and gut-brain-axis (GBA) dysfunction may cause mental disorders. Alterations in the intestinal flora composition could increase the permeability of the gut barrier, activate systemic inflammation and immune responses, regulate the release and efficacy of monoamine neurotransmitters, alter the activity and function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and modify the abundance of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF); all of these showed a close correlation with the occurrence of depression. In addition, the disturbance of the intestinal flora is related to circadian rhythm disorders, which aggravate the symptoms of depression. Tea polyphenols (TPs) have been found to have antidepressant effects. Therefore, the close reciprocity between the intestinal flora and circadian rhythm provides a new opportunity for TPs to regulate depression relying on the intestinal flora. In this review, we discussed the relationship between intestinal flora dysbiosis and the pathogenesis of depression and the mechanism of TPs relieving depression via the GBA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo315211, PR China.
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20
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Xiang X, Su C, Shi Q, Wu J, Zeng Z, Zhang L, Jin S, Huang R, Gao T, Song C. Potential hypoglycemic metabolites in dark tea fermented by Eurotium cristatum based on UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS combining global metabolomic and spectrum-effect relationship analyses. Food Funct 2021; 12:7546-7556. [PMID: 34227645 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00836f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The preventive and therapeutic effects of dark tea fermented by Eurotium cristatum (DTE) in glucose metabolism have been demonstrated. However, few studies have investigated comprehensive changes in the chemical composition and activity in DTE before and after fermentation. In this study, the metabolic profiling of raw samples and fermented samples was determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS). Furthermore, a systematic analytical strategy combining global metabolomics and the spectrum-effect relationship based on α-glucosidase inhibition was employed for screening discriminant metabolites. As a result, 15 discriminant metabolites were identified in DTE samples. Among them, 10 metabolites (4 fatty acids, 1 dyphylline derivative, 3 lysophosphatidylcholines, and 2 triterpenes) increased in relative contents and the contents of the other 5 polyphenol metabolites decreased after fermentation. These metabolites were critical constituents possibly associated with DTE's hypoglycemic activity, which also might be suitable as quality evaluation indicators. This study provided a worthy insight into the exploration of representative active constituents or quality indicators of DTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingliang Xiang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjiahu West Road, Hongshan District, 430065, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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21
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Li TT, Huang ZR, Jia RB, Lv XC, Zhao C, Liu B. Spirulina platensis polysaccharides attenuate lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disorder in high-sucrose and high-fat diet-fed rats in association with intestinal microbiota. Food Res Int 2021; 147:110530. [PMID: 34399508 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the possibility that Spirulina platensis crude polysaccharides may ameliorate the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disorder, including obesity, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, hepatic steatosis, and gut dysbiosis. The results showed Spirulina platensis crude polysaccharides could improve body weight, serum/liver lipid and carbohydrate indexes, and liver antioxidant parameters in high-sucrose and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats, which were accompanied by regulated liver mRNA expressions involved in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disorder. In addition, SPLP intervention significantly decreased cecal level of propionic acid in HFD-fed rats. Notably, the SPLP could alter the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroides, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria at phylum levels. Based on Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, serum/liver lipid and carbohydrate profiles were found significantly positively correlated with genera Romboutsia, Allobaculum, Blautia, Phascolarctobacterium, Bifidobacterium, Coprococcus, Turicibacter, Erysipelotrichaceae_unclassified, Olsenella, Escherichia/Shigella, Coprobacillus, Lachnospiracea incertae, and Lactobacillus, but strongly negatively correlated with genera Atopostipes, Flavonifractor, Porphyromonadaceae_unclassified, Barnesiella, Oscillibacter, Paraprevotella, Jeotgalicoccus, Corynebacterium, Alloprevotella and Bacteroides. It was concluded that oral administration of SPLP could remarkably ameliorate the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disorder and significantly modulate the intestinal microbiota in HFD-fed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Tian Li
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zi-Rui Huang
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Rui-Bo Jia
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xu-Cong Lv
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
| | - Chao Zhao
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Bin Liu
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; National Engineering Research Center of JUNCAO Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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22
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Vamanu E, Dinu LD, Pelinescu DR, Gatea F. Therapeutic Properties of Edible Mushrooms and Herbal Teas in Gut Microbiota Modulation. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061262. [PMID: 34200833 PMCID: PMC8230450 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Edible mushrooms are functional foods and valuable but less exploited sources of biologically active compounds. Herbal teas are a range of products widely used due to the therapeutic properties that have been demonstrated by traditional medicine and a supplement in conventional therapies. Their interaction with the human microbiota is an aspect that must be researched, the therapeutic properties depending on the interaction with the microbiota and the consequent fermentative activity. Modulation processes result from the activity of, for example, phenolic acids, which are a major component and which have already demonstrated activity in combating oxidative stress. The aim of this mini-review is to highlight the essential aspects of modulating the microbiota using edible mushrooms and herbal teas. Although the phenolic pattern is different for edible mushrooms and herbal teas, certain non-phenolic compounds (polysaccharides and/or caffeine) are important in alleviating chronic diseases. These specific functional compounds have modulatory properties against oxidative stress, demonstrating health-beneficial effects in vitro and/or In vivo. Moreover, recent advances in improving human health via gut microbiota are presented. Plant-derived miRNAs from mushrooms and herbal teas were highlighted as a potential strategy for new therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Vamanu
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine, 59 Marasti Blvd, 1 District, 011464 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-742218240
| | - Laura Dorina Dinu
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine, 59 Marasti Blvd, 1 District, 011464 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Diana Roxana Pelinescu
- Department of Genetics, University of Bucharest, 36-46 Bd. M. Kogalniceanu, 5th District, 050107 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Florentina Gatea
- Centre of Bioanalysis, National Institute for Biological Sciences, 296 Spl. Independentei, 060031 Bucharest, Romania;
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23
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Sun Q, Cheng L, Zhang X, Wu Z, Weng P. The interaction between tea polyphenols and host intestinal microorganisms: an effective way to prevent psychiatric disorders. Food Funct 2021; 12:952-962. [PMID: 33439201 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02791j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tea polyphenols (TP) are the most bioactive components in tea extracts. It has been reported that TP can regulate the composition and the function of the intestinal flora. Meanwhile, intestinal microorganisms improve the bioavailability of TP, and the corresponding metabolites of TP can regulate intestinal micro-ecology and promote human health more effectively. The dysfunction of the microbiota-gut-brain axis is the main pathological basis of depression, and its abnormality may be the direct cause and potential influencing factor of psychiatric disorders. The interrelationship between TP and intestinal microorganisms is discussed in this review, which will enable us to better evaluate the potential preventive effects of TP on psychiatric disorders by modulating host intestinal microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyu Sun
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P.R. China.
| | - Lu Cheng
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P.R. China.
| | - Zufang Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P.R. China.
| | - Peifang Weng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P.R. China.
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24
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Effects of Polyphenols in Tea (Camellia sinensis sp.) on the Modulation of Gut Microbiota in Human Trials and Animal Studies. GASTROENTEROLOGY INSIGHTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/gastroent12020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A diet high in polyphenols is associated with a diversified gut microbiome. Tea is the second most consumed beverage in the world, after water. The health benefits of tea might be attributed to the presence of polyphenol compounds such as flavonoids (e.g., catechins and epicatechins), theaflavins, and tannins. Although many studies have been conducted on tea, little is known of its effects on the trillions of gut microbiota. Hence, this review aimed to systematically study the effect of tea polyphenols on the stimulation or suppression of gut microbiota in humans and animals. It was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. Articles were retrieved from PubMed and Scopus databases, and data were extracted from 6 human trials and 15 animal studies. Overall, large variations were observed in terms of microbiota composition between humans and animals. A more consistent pattern of diversified microbiota was observed in animal studies. Tea alleviated the gut microbiota imbalance caused by high-fat diet-induced obesity, diabetes, and ultraviolet-induced damage. The overall changes in microbiota composition measured by beta diversity analysis showed that tea had shifted the microbiota from the pattern seen in animals that received tea-free intervention. In humans, a prebiotic-like effect was observed toward the gut microbiota, but these results appeared in lower-quality studies. The beta diversity in human microbiota remains intact despite tea intervention; supplementation with different teas affects different types of bacterial taxa in the gut. These studies suggest that tea polyphenols may have a prebiotic effect in disease-induced animals and in a limited number of human interventions. Further intervention is needed to identify the mechanisms of action underlying the effects of tea on gut microbiota.
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25
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Zhou MX, Tian X, Wu ZQ, Li K, Li ZJ. Fuzhuan brick tea supplemented with areca nuts: Effects on serum and gut microbiota in mice. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13737. [PMID: 33876445 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Areca nut and Fuzhuan brick tea, a type of natural plant products, have obvious effects of fat reduction and weight loss; however, there is no report on their synergistic effect. This study investigated the effects of Fuzhuan brick tea supplemented with different concentrations of areca nut (5% (LAF), 10% (MAF), and 20% (HAF)) on serum and gut microbiota in Kunming (KM) mice. The results showed that Fuzhuan brick tea supplemented with areca nuts (AFTs) could reduce weight, prevent the accumulation of fat, inhibit the increase in the levels of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood glucose, free fatty acid, insulin, and total bile acid, alleviate the decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and regulate the composition of gut microbiota by high-fat diet intervention. The HAF group with 20% areca nut content showed the best effect. These results could provide a novel approach to prevent obesity and hyperlipidemia. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Consumption of areca nut and tea is widespread in Asia and other regions. As a controversial raw material, the damage due to areca nut to oral mucosa health has often aroused public concern and heated discussion; however, its medicinal value has been confirmed in terms of its pharmacological effects in various aspects. Fuzhuan brick tea, a type of traditional postfermented dark tea, has been confirmed to exert effects of antiobesity. Therefore, the areca nut and Fuzhuan brick tea, as a type of natural plant products, have obvious effects of fat reduction and weight loss; however, their synergistic effect has not been reported. To our knowledge, this study is the first to explore the effects of the Fuzhuan brick tea supplemented with areca nuts (AFTs) on serum and gut microbiota in mice. On the premise of exerting their beneficial effects (especially in terms of easing food stagnation and eliminating indigestion) and reducing their toxic and side effects, the effects of AFTs on health were further clarified, which could provide a novel direction for the development and utilization of areca nut. Moreover, our research would increase public understanding of areca nut and provide guidance to the Fuzhuan brick tea processing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xi Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xing Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhong-Qin Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zong-Jun Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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26
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Feng M, Zheng X, Wan J, Pan W, Xie X, Hu B, Wang Y, Wen H, Cai S. Research progress on the potential delaying skin aging effect and mechanism of tea for oral and external use. Food Funct 2021; 12:2814-2828. [PMID: 33666618 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02921a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Skin aging is characterized by the gradual loss of elasticity, the formation of wrinkles and various color spots, the degradation of extracellular matrix proteins, and the structural changes of the dermis. With the increasingly prominent problems of environmental pollution, social pressure, ozone layer thinning and food safety, skin problems have become more and more complex. The skin can reflect the overall health of the body. Skincare products for external use alone cannot fundamentally solve skin problems; it needs to improve the overall health of the body. Based on the literature review in recent 20 years, this paper systematically reviewed the potential delaying effect of tea and its active ingredients on skin aging by oral and external use. Tea is the second-largest health drink after water. It is rich in tea polyphenols, l-theanine, tea pigments, caffeine, tea saponins, tea polysaccharides and other secondary metabolites. Tea and its active substances have whitening, nourishing, anti-wrinkle, removing spots and other skincare effects. Its mechanism of action is ultraviolet absorption, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, inhibition of extracellular matrix aging, inhibiting the accumulation of melanin and toxic oxidation products, balancing intestinal and skin microorganisms, and improving mood and sleep, among other effects. At present, tea elements skincare products are deeply loved by consumers. This paper provides a scientific theoretical basis for tea-assisted beauty and the high-end application of tea in skincare products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyan Feng
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China
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Zhao M, Chen S, Ji X, Shen X, You J, Liang X, Yin H, Zhao L. Current innovations in nutraceuticals and functional foods for intervention of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Pharmacol Res 2021; 166:105517. [PMID: 33636349 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As innovations in global agricultural production and food trading systems lead to major dietary shifts, high morbidity rates from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), accompanied by elevated risk of lipid metabolism-related complications, has emerged as a growing problem worldwide. Treatment and prevention of NAFLD and chronic liver disease depends on the availability of safe, effective, and diverse therapeutic agents, the development of which is urgently needed. Supported by a growing body of evidence, considerable attention is now focused on interventional approaches that combines nutraceuticals and functional foods. In this review, we summarize the pathological progression of NAFLD and discuss the beneficial effects of nutraceuticals and the active ingredients in functional foods. We also describe the underlying mechanisms of these compounds in the intervention of NAFLD, including their effects on regulation of lipid homeostasis, activation of signaling pathways, and their role in gut microbial community dynamics and the gut-liver axis. In order to identify novel targets for treatment of lipid metabolism-related diseases, this work broadly explores the molecular mechanism linking nutraceuticals and functional foods, host physiology, and gut microbiota. Additionally, the limitations in existing knowledge and promising research areas for development of active interventions and treatments against NAFLD are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Zhao
- School of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, R&D Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology (SCICBT), Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shumin Chen
- School of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, R&D Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaoguo Ji
- School of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, R&D Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xin Shen
- School of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, R&D Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiangshan You
- School of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, R&D Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xinyi Liang
- School of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, R&D Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Organ Transplant Center, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China.
| | - Liming Zhao
- School of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, R&D Center of Separation and Extraction Technology in Fermentation Industry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; School of Life Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology (SCICBT), Shanghai 200237, China.
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Effect of Duyun Compound Green Tea on Gut Microbiota Diversity in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Mice Revealed by Illumina High-Throughput Sequencing. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:8832554. [PMID: 33628318 PMCID: PMC7886516 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8832554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Intake of a high-fat diet (HFD) is closely related to disorders of the intestinal microbiota, which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of obesity. Duyun compound green tea, an ancient Chinese drink, is widely consumed to reduce weight, although the mechanism is not clear. In this study, 50 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal control group (CK), HFD model control group (NK), positive control group with medicine (YK), low-dose compound tea group (DL), and high-dose compound tea group (DH). After 4 weeks of intervention, the feces of mice were taken under sterile conditions and evaluated using Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the diversity of intestinal microbiota was the highest in the CK group, the lowest in the NK group, and relatively increased in the compound tea treatment group. Second, there were differences in intestinal microbiota in each group, among which the beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tract of the CK group were higher than those in the other groups, while the beneficial bacteria in each compound tea treatment group were more abundant than those in the NK group, in which harmful bacteria in the intestinal tract were found to be the highest. These results suggest that compounds in tea may be able to attenuate imbalances of intestinal microbiota induced by poor diet, acting as a therapeutic agent in obesity or other diseases associated with gut dysbiosis.
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Lee MR, Kim JE, Park JW, Kang MJ, Choi HJ, Bae SJ, Choi YW, Kim KM, Hong JT, Hwang DY. Fermented mulberry (Morus alba) leaves suppress high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis through amelioration of the inflammatory response and autophagy pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:283. [PMID: 32948162 PMCID: PMC7501671 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03076-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A novel extract of mulberry leaves fermented with Cordyceps militaris (EMfC) is reported to exert anti-obesity activity, although their molecular mechanism during hepatic steatosis has not verified. METHODS To investigate the role of inflammation and autophagy during the anti-hepatic steatosis effects of EMfC, we measured alterations in the key parameters for inflammatory response and autophagy pathway in liver tissues of the high fat diet (HFD) treated C57BL/6N mice after exposure to EMfC for 12 weeks. RESULTS Significant anti-hepatic steatosis effects, including decreased number of lipid droplets and expression of Klf2 mRNA, were detected in the liver of the HFD + EMfC treated group. The levels of mast cell infiltration, expression of two inflammatory mediators (iNOS and COX-2), and the MAPK signaling pathway were remarkably decreased in the liver of HFD + EMfC treated group as compared to the HFD + Vehicle treated group. Furthermore, a similar inhibitory effect was measured for the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and NF-κB. The expression level of members in the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway (a central regulator in autophagy) was recovered after treatment with EMfC, and autophagy-related proteins (Beclin and LC3-II) were remarkably decreased in the HFD + EMfC treated group compared to the HFD + Vehicle treated group. Moreover, the HFD + EMfC treated group showed decreased transcript levels of autophagy-regulated genes including Atg4b, Atg5, Atg7 and Atg12. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, findings of the present study provide novel evidences that the anti-hepatic steatosis of EMfC is tightly linked to the regulation of the inflammatory response and autophagy pathway in the liver tissue of HFD-induced obesity mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Rim Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, South Korea
| | - Ji Won Park
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, South Korea
| | - Mi Ju Kang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Jun Choi
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, South Korea
| | - Su Ji Bae
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, South Korea
| | - Young Whan Choi
- Department of Horticultural Bioscience, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institue, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, South Korea
| | - Kyung Mi Kim
- Life Science Research Institute, Novarex Co., Ltd, Chungju, 28126, South Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Chungju, 28644, South Korea
| | - Dae Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources & Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, South Korea.
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Xiang X, Xiang Y, Jin S, Wang Z, Xu Y, Su C, Shi Q, Chen C, Yu Q, Song C. The hypoglycemic effect of extract/fractions from Fuzhuan Brick-Tea in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice and their active components characterized by LC-QTOF-MS/MS. J Food Sci 2020; 85:2933-2942. [PMID: 32794200 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Fuzhuan Brick-Tea is a postfermented product with the hypoglycemic effect, which is prepared from the leaves of Camellia sinensis var. sinensis. However, the material basis associated with the hypoglycemic effect was not clear. The present research was designed to explore the hypoglycemic effect of extract/fractions from Fuzhuan Brick-Tea in streptozotocin-induced type II diabetic mice. Then an ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography along with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry was used to analyze the phytochemicals in Fuzhuan Brick-Tea fractions. As a result, the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects were evidently observed from the serum biochemical indexes and liver pathological examination in type II diabetic mice. In addition, there were total of 20 major components including eight lysophosphatidylcholines (Lyso-PCs), five fatty acids, and seven novel theophylline derivatives tentatively identified in the active fraction from water extract. Therefore, these components were assumed to contribute partly to the hypoglycemic effect of Fuzhuan Brick-Tea. These findings also give the evidence that the Lyso-PCs, fatty acids, and novel theophylline derivatives in Fuzhuan Brick-Tea may provide benefits in ameliorating disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study suggests that the Lyso-PCs, fatty acids, and novel theophylline derivatives in Fuzhuan Brick-Tea may provide benefits in ameliorating disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism. It can be taken as a beneficial diet additive or nutraceutical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingliang Xiang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Xiang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuna Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health School of Public Health Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Mogon Golden Fiower Tea Technology Co. Ltd., Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yiqiang Xu
- Mogon Golden Fiower Tea Technology Co. Ltd., Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chao Su
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qingxin Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qingsong Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chengwu Song
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Bilski J, Wojcik D, Danielak A, Mazur-Bialy A, Magierowski M, Tønnesen K, Brzozowski B, Surmiak M, Magierowska K, Pajdo R, Ptak-Belowska A, Brzozowski T. Alternative Therapy in the Prevention of Experimental and Clinical Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Impact of Regular Physical Activity, Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase and Herbal Products. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:2936-2950. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200427090127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are multifactorial, chronic, disabling, and progressive diseases characterised by cyclical nature, alternating between active and quiescent states. While the aetiology of IBD is not fully understood, this complex of diseases involve a combination of factors including the genetic predisposition and changes in microbiome as well as environmental risk factors such as high-fat and low-fibre diets, reduced physical activity, air pollution and exposure to various toxins and drugs such as antibiotics. The prevalence of both IBD and obesity is increasing in parallel, undoubtedly proving the existing interactions between these risk factors common to both disorders to unravel poorly recognized cell signaling and molecular alterations leading to human IBD. Therefore, there is still a significant and unmet need for supportive and adjunctive therapy for IBD patients directed against the negative consequences of visceral obesity and bacterial dysbiosis. Among the alternative therapies, a moderate-intensity exercise can benefit the health and well-being of IBD patients and improve both the healing of human IBD and experimental animal colitis. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) plays an essential role in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis intestinal and the mechanism of mucosal defence. The administration of exogenous IAP could be recommended as a therapeutic strategy for the cure of diseases resulting from the intestinal barrier dysfunction such as IBD. Curcumin, a natural anti-inflammatory agent, which is capable of stimulating the synthesis of endogenous IAP, represents another alternative approach in the treatment of IBD. This review was designed to discuss potential “nonpharmacological” alternative and supplementary therapeutic approaches taking into account epidemiological and pathophysiological links between obesity and IBD, including changes in the functional parameters of the intestinal mucosa and alterations in the intestinal microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bilski
- Department of Ergonomics and Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Dagmara Wojcik
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Danielak
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Mazur-Bialy
- Department of Ergonomics and Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Marcin Magierowski
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Katherine Tønnesen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Bartosz Brzozowski
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Clinic, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Marcin Surmiak
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Magierowska
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Robert Pajdo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Agata Ptak-Belowska
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Brzozowski
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
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Sun X, Zhao H, Liu Z, Sun X, Zhang D, Wang S, Xu Y, Zhang G, Wang D. Modulation of Gut Microbiota by Fucoxanthin During Alleviation of Obesity in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:5118-5128. [PMID: 32309947 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Fucoxanthin (Fx), an allenic carotenoid from brown seaweeds or diatoms, has been demonstrated to prevent obesity. Gut dysbiosis and inflammation are two counted important incidence reasons of obesity and related diseases. In this paper, a mouse model induced by high-fat diet (HFD) was used to reveal the role of Fx in modulating intestinal homeostasis and treating obesity. In addition, 16S rRNA sequencing results inferred that Fx alleviated HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis by significantly inhibiting the growth of obesity-/inflammation-related Lachnospiraceae and Erysipelotrichaceae while promoting the growth of Lactobacillus/Lactococcus, Bifidobacterium, and some butyrate-producing bacteria. The correlation analysis showed that some gut microbiota taxa were strongly correlated with obesity phenotypes and the inflammation level. In conclusion, dietary Fx has the potential to alleviate the development of obesity and related symptoms through mediating the composition of gut microbiota as demonstrated in mice. This study provides scientific evidence for the potential effects of Fx on obesity treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailong Zhao
- Research Vessel Center, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zonglin Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhui Wang
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao 266033, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Guofang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Seaweed Substances, Qingdao Brightmoon Seaweed Group Co Ltd, Qingdao 266400, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
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Jia W, Shi Q, Shi L, Qin J, Chang J, Chu X. A strategy of untargeted foodomics profiling for dynamic changes during Fu brick tea fermentation using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1618:460900. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.460900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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34
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Lallès JP. Recent advances in intestinal alkaline phosphatase, inflammation, and nutrition. Nutr Rev 2020; 77:710-724. [PMID: 31086953 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, much new data on intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) have been published, and major breakthroughs have been disclosed. The aim of the present review is to critically analyze the publications released over the last 5 years. These breakthroughs include, for example, the direct implication of IAP in intestinal tight junction integrity and barrier function maintenance; chronic intestinal challenge with low concentrations of Salmonella generating long-lasting depletion of IAP and increased susceptibility to inflammation; the suggestion that genetic mutations in the IAP gene in humans contribute to some forms of chronic inflammatory diseases and loss of functional IAP along the gut and in stools; stool IAP as an early biomarker of incipient diabetes in humans; and omega-3 fatty acids as direct inducers of IAP in intestinal tissue. Many recent papers have also explored the prophylactic and therapeutic potential of IAP and other alkaline phosphatase (AP) isoforms in various experimental settings and diseases. Remarkably, nearly all data confirm the potent anti-inflammatory properties of (I)AP and the negative consequences of its inhibition on health. A simplified model of the body AP system integrating the IAP compartment is provided. Finally, the list of nutrients and food components stimulating IAP has continued to grow, thus emphasizing nutrition as a potent lever for limiting inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Paul Lallès
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Human Nutrition Division, Clermont-Ferrand, France, and the Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Ouest, Nantes, France
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35
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Shen Y, Xiao X, Wu K, Wang Y, Yuan Y, Liu J, Sun S, Liu J. Effects and molecular mechanisms of Ninghong black tea extract in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease of rats. J Food Sci 2020; 85:800-807. [PMID: 32090345 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to observe the effects of Ninghong black tea extract on fat deposition and high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to explore the potential mechanisms of these effect. Under 2% Ninghong black tea extract diet feeding in rat model, the results showed that Ninghong black tea extract decreased the body fat ratio and the number of lipid droplets in the liver and significantly alleviated NAFLD in the rat model. The real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction results showed that Ninghong black tea extract significantly upregulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), which is important in fatty acid β-oxidation, and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP), which plays an important role in the synthesis of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). By promoting the expression of PPARα and MTP in liver tissue and thereby promoting fatty acid β-oxidation and VLDL synthesis, Ninghong black tea extract relieves high-fat diet-induced NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shen
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South Univ., Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Xiaojuan Xiao
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South Univ., Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Kunlu Wu
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South Univ., Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yanpeng Wang
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South Univ., Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Yijun Yuan
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South Univ., Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Jianwei Liu
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South Univ., Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Shuming Sun
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South Univ., Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South Univ., Changsha, 410078, China
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36
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Liu D, Huang J, Luo Y, Wen B, Wu W, Zeng H, Zhonghua L. Fuzhuan Brick Tea Attenuates High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Associated Metabolic Disorders by Shaping Gut Microbiota. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:13589-13604. [PMID: 31735025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An increasing amount of evidence suggests that the metabolic improvement of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice by Fuzhuan brick tea (FBT) is associated with gut microbiota. However, the causalities between FBT and gut microbiota have not yet been elucidated and the underlying mechanisms of action remain unclear. To impart direct evidence for the essential role of gut microbiota in the attenuation of obesity by FBT, the effects of FBT on healthy mice and microbiota-depleted mice that were treated with antibiotics were compared in an HFD-induced obesity mouse model. The results showed that FBT dramatically ameliorated obesity, serum lipid parameters, blood glucose homeostasis, hepatic steatosis, adipocyte hypertrophy, and tissue inflammation. However, the microbiota-depleted mice with single bacterium (Escherichia-Shigella) after antibiotic treatment were resistant to FBT-induced antiobesity and metabolic improvement. The beneficial effects of FBT resulted from its shift on gut microbiota composition and structure in mice. HFD-induced increase in the phyla Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio was remarkably restored by FBT. Furthermore, FBT-induced increase in abundances of beneficial bacteria Clostridiaceae, Bacteroidales, and Lachnospiraceae and decreases in harmful Ruminococcaceae, Peptococcaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae were causal antecedents for FBT to reduce obesity and improve metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science , Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha 410128 , China
- Changsha University of Science & Technology , Changsha 410114 , China
| | - Jianan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science , Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha 410128 , China
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients , Changsha 410128 , China
| | - Yong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science , Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha 410128 , China
| | - Beibei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science , Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha 410128 , China
| | - Wenliang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science , Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha 410128 , China
- Tea Research Institute , Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Changsha 410125 , China
| | - Hongliang Zeng
- Research Institute of Chinese Medicine , Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine , Changsha , Hunan 410013 , China
| | - Liu Zhonghua
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science , Hunan Agricultural University , Changsha 410128 , China
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients , Changsha 410128 , China
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Tang GY, Meng X, Gan RY, Zhao CN, Liu Q, Feng YB, Li S, Wei XL, Atanasov AG, Corke H, Li HB. Health Functions and Related Molecular Mechanisms of Tea Components: An Update Review. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6196. [PMID: 31817990 PMCID: PMC6941079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tea is widely consumed all over the world. Generally, tea is divided into six categories: White, green, yellow, oolong, black, and dark teas, based on the fermentation degree. Tea contains abundant phytochemicals, such as polyphenols, pigments, polysaccharides, alkaloids, free amino acids, and saponins. However, the bioavailability of tea phytochemicals is relatively low. Thus, some novel technologies like nanotechnology have been developed to improve the bioavailability of tea bioactive components and consequently enhance the bioactivity. So far, many studies have demonstrated that tea shows various health functions, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immuno-regulatory, anticancer, cardiovascular-protective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and hepato-protective effects. Moreover, it is also considered that drinking tea is safe to humans, since reports about the severe adverse effects of tea consumption are rare. In order to provide a better understanding of tea and its health potential, this review summarizes and discusses recent literature on the bioactive components, bioavailability, health functions, and safety issues of tea, with special attention paid to the related molecular mechanisms of tea health functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Yi Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (G.-Y.T.); (X.M.); (C.-N.Z.); (Q.L.)
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, No. 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong 999077, China; (Y.-B.F.); (S.L.)
| | - Xiao Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (G.-Y.T.); (X.M.); (C.-N.Z.); (Q.L.)
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (X.-L.W.); (H.C.)
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Cai-Ning Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (G.-Y.T.); (X.M.); (C.-N.Z.); (Q.L.)
| | - Qing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (G.-Y.T.); (X.M.); (C.-N.Z.); (Q.L.)
| | - Yi-Bin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, No. 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong 999077, China; (Y.-B.F.); (S.L.)
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, No. 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong 999077, China; (Y.-B.F.); (S.L.)
| | - Xin-Lin Wei
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (X.-L.W.); (H.C.)
| | - Atanas G. Atanasov
- The Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland;
| | - Harold Corke
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (X.-L.W.); (H.C.)
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (G.-Y.T.); (X.M.); (C.-N.Z.); (Q.L.)
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Chan LY, Takahashi M, Lim PJ, Aoyama S, Makino S, Ferdinandus F, Ng SYC, Arai S, Fujita H, Tan HC, Shibata S, Lee CLK. Eurotium Cristatum Fermented Okara as a Potential Food Ingredient to Combat Diabetes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17536. [PMID: 31772240 PMCID: PMC6879572 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54021-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease, and dietary modification is a crucial part of disease management. Okara is a sustainable source of fibre-rich food. Most of the valorization research on okara focused more on the physical attributes instead of the possible health attributes. The fermentation of okara using microbes originated from food source, such as tea, sake, sufu and yoghurt, were explored here. The aim of this study is to investigate fermented okara as a functional food ingredient to reduce blood glucose levels. Fermented and non-fermented okara extracts were analyzed using the metabolomic approach with UHPLC-QTof-MSE. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the anthraquinones, emodin and physcion, served as potential markers and differentiated Eurotium cristatum fermented okara (ECO) over other choices of microbes. The in-vitro α-glucosidase activity assays and in-vivo mice studies showed that ECO can reduce postprandial blood glucose levels. A 20% ECO loading crispy snack prototype revealed a good nutrition composition and could serve as a fundamental formulation for future antidiabetes recipe development, strengthening the hypothesis that ECO can be used as a novel food ingredient for diabetic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yan Chan
- International Food and Water Research Centre, Waters Pacific Pte Ltd, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Masaki Takahashi
- Organization for University Research Initiatives, Waseda University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pei Jean Lim
- Organization for University Research Initiatives, Waseda University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shinya Aoyama
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saneyuki Makino
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shi Ya Clara Ng
- Food Innovation & Resource Centre, Singapore Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Satoshi Arai
- Organization for University Research Initiatives, Waseda University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hideaki Fujita
- Organization for University Research Initiatives, Waseda University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hong Chang Tan
- Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Chi-Lik Ken Lee
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
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Bond T, Derbyshire E. Tea Compounds and the Gut Microbiome: Findings from Trials and Mechanistic Studies. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102364. [PMID: 31623411 PMCID: PMC6835862 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the gut microbiome has become a focal point of interest with growing recognition that a well-balanced gut microbiota composition is highly relevant to an individual’s health status and well-being. Its profile can be modulated by a number of dietary factors, although few publications have focused on the effects of what we drink. The present review performed a systematic review of trials and mechanistic studies examining the effects of tea consumption, its associated compounds and their effects on the gut microbiome. Registered articles were searched up to 10th September 2019, in the PubMed and Cochrane library databases along with references of original articles. Human trials were graded using the Jadad scale to assess quality. Altogether 24 publications were included in the main review—six were human trials and 18 mechanistic studies. Of these, the largest body of evidence related to green tea with up to 1000 mL daily (4–5 cups) reported to increase proportions of Bifidobacterium. Mechanistic studies also show promise suggesting that black, oolong, Pu-erh and Fuzhuan teas (microbially fermented ‘dark tea’) can modulate microbial diversity and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. These findings appear to support the hypothesis that tea ingestion could favourably regulate the profile of the gut microbiome and help to offset dysbiosis triggered by obesity or high-fat diets. Further well-designed human trials are now required to build on provisional findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Bond
- Tea Advisory Panel, 71-75 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London, WC2H 9JQ, UK.
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Relationship between Changes in Microbiota and Liver Steatosis Induced by High-Fat Feeding-A Review of Rodent Models. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092156. [PMID: 31505802 PMCID: PMC6770892 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have observed that gut microbiota can play a critical role in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) development. The gut microbiota is influenced by different environmental factors, which include diet. The aim of the present review is to summarize the information provided in the literature concerning the impact of changes in gut microbiota on the effects which dietary fat has on liver steatosis in rodent models. Most studies in which high-fat feeding has induced steatosis have reported reduced microbiota diversity, regardless of the percentage of energy provided by fat. At the phylum level, an increase in Firmicutes and a reduction in Bacteroidetes is commonly found, although widely diverging results have been described at class, order, family, and genus levels, likely due to differences in experimental design. Unfortunately, this fact makes it difficult to reach clear conclusions concerning the specific microbiota patterns associated with this feeding pattern. With regard to the relationship between high-fat feeding-induced changes in liver and microbiota composition, although several mechanisms such as alteration of gut integrity and increased permeability, inflammation, and metabolite production have been proposed, more scientific evidence is needed to address this issue and thus further studies are needed.
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Analysis of bacterial and fungal communities by Illumina MiSeq platforms and characterization of Aspergillus cristatus in Fuzhuan brick tea. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.04.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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42
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Xiong LG, Pan LY, Gong YS, Huang JA, Liu ZH. Fuzhuan Tea protects Caenorhabditis elegans from glucose and advanced glycation end products via distinct pathways. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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43
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Kang D, Su M, Duan Y, Huang Y. Eurotium cristatum, a potential probiotic fungus from Fuzhuan brick tea, alleviated obesity in mice by modulating gut microbiota. Food Funct 2019; 10:5032-5045. [PMID: 31359019 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00604d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is one of the major public health problems worldwide, mainly resulting from unhealthy lifestyles and diet. Gut microbiota dysbiosis may lead to obese humans and animals. Modulating gut bacteria through probiotics or certain dietary supplements could normalize gut microbiota and subsequently alleviate obesity. The daily consumption of Fuzhuan brick tea (FBT) or its extracts has been observed to alleviate obesity in humans and experimental animals. In this study, high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice, such as body weight gain and fat accumulation, was prevented by the consumption of Eurotium cristatum, the dominant fungus during the manufacturing and storage of FBT. The dysbiosis of gut microbiota in C57BL/6J mice was also partially normalized. E. cristatum was able to modulate both gut fungal and bacterial compositions, based on the analysis of the microbiota composition of mice fecal samples (n = 5). E. cristatum increased acetate and butyrate-producing bacteria in mouse gut. There was five times more butyrate in the fecal samples from mice fed with E. cristatum than that from untreated HFD mice. Our results suggest that E. cristatum may be used as a probiotic fungus to alleviate obesity and to modulate gut microbiota in humans beneficially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingding Kang
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine at Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
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44
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Li TT, Tong AJ, Liu YY, Huang ZR, Wan XZ, Pan YY, Jia RB, Liu B, Chen XH, Zhao C. Polyunsaturated fatty acids from microalgae Spirulina platensis modulates lipid metabolism disorders and gut microbiota in high-fat diet rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 131:110558. [PMID: 31175915 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Effects of Spirulina platensis 55% ethanol extract (SPL55) on lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidaemic rats were investigated. Ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry indicated that SPL55 was enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids. Meanwhile, serum and liver lipid levels, including total triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, were significantly decreased in hyperlipidaemic rats of SPL55. Analysis of tissue sections showed that SPL55 treatment could markedly inhibit hepatic lipid accumulation and steatosis. Moreover, SPL55 regulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of SREBP-1c, HMG-CoA, PEPCK, ACC, and AMPK genes involved in lipid metabolism. Furthermore, SPL55 led to decrease the abundances of Turicibacter, Clostridium_XlVa, and Romboutsia, which were positive correlation with lipid metabolism indicators, and has also enriched Alloprevotella, Prevotella, Porphyromonadaceae, and Barnesiella. These results provided evidence that SPL55 might be developed as a functional food to ameliorate lipid metabolic disorders and hyperlipidaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Tian Li
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ai-Jun Tong
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zi-Rui Huang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xu-Zhi Wan
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yu-Yang Pan
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Rui-Bo Jia
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China.
| | - Xin-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory for the Development of Bioactive Material from Marine Algae, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, 362000, China; Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.
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45
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Zhang X, Wu Q, Zhao Y, Aimy A, Yang X. Consumption of post-fermented Jing-Wei Fuzhuan brick tea alleviates liver dysfunction and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in high fructose diet-fed mice. RSC Adv 2019; 9:17501-17513. [PMID: 35519894 PMCID: PMC9064584 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02473e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence supports the health-promoting ability of a special microbial-fermented Fuzhuan brick tea. Epigallocatechin gallate was identified as a dominant flavonoid of Fuzhuan tea aqueous extract (FTE). Mice were treated with 30% high fructose (HF) water feeding alone or in combination with administration of FTE at 400 mg per kg bw for 13 weeks. FTE caused strong inhibition against the elevation of liver weight, serum enzymatic (aspartate aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase) activities and hepatic inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α and tumor necrosis factor-β) formation, as well as dyslipidemia (total cholesterol, total triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol) in HF-fed mice (p < 0.05). Hepatic malonaldehyde formation was lowered, while superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were enhanced by FTE treatment, relative to HF-fed mice (p < 0.05), and histopathological evaluation confirmed the protection. As revealed by 16S rDNA gene sequencing, FTE notably increased abundance of Bacteroidetes and Lactobacillus, but reduced population of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Tenericutes in HF feeding mice. These findings suggest that FTE exerts a hepatoprotective effect by modifying hepatic oxidative stress, inflammatory response and gut microbiota dysfunction. Fuzhuan brick tea can improve non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and intestinal microbiota imbalance induced by a high fructose diet (HFD) intake in mice.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangnan Zhang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710119
| | - Qiu Wu
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710119
| | - Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- College of Life Sciences
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710119
- China
| | - Alim Aimy
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710119
| | - Xingbin Yang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710119
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46
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Chen G, Wang M, Xie M, Wan P, Chen D, Hu B, Ye H, Zeng X, Liu Z. Evaluation of chemical property, cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo of polysaccharides from Fuzhuan brick teas. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 116:120-127. [PMID: 29730012 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Fuzhuan brick tea (FBT) possesses various health-promoting functions. However, the available information regarding biological activity of polysaccharides from FBT (FBTPS) is still limited. In this work, the chemical property, cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo of FBTPS were evaluated. It was found that FBTPSs were typical acidic heteropolysaccharides mainly composed of Man, Rha, GalA, Glc, Gal and Ara with little molar content of Rib and GlcA. FBTPS showed little toxicity to human hepatic epithelial (L-02) cell. FBTPS exhibited antioxidant activities, including limited scavenging activity on DPPH free radicals (ranged from 54.3 ± 1.9 to 67.8 ± 2.5%), noticeable scavenging activity on superoxide radicals (over 85%), superior scavenging activity on ABTS radicals (near 100%), and protective effect on H2O2-induced oxidative injury in rat pheochromocytoma line 12 (PC12) cell. Moreover, FBTPS showed significant amelioration of high-fat diet-induced oxidative injury in mice. The results suggest that FBTPS, as natural safe antioxidants, may have potential application in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guijie Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingjia Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minhao Xie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Wan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Ye
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China.
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47
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Chen G, Xie M, Dai Z, Wan P, Ye H, Zeng X, Sun Y. Kudingcha and Fuzhuan Brick Tea Prevent Obesity and Modulate Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet Fed Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1700485. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guijie Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Minhao Xie
- College of Food Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Zhuqing Dai
- College of Food Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Peng Wan
- College of Food Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Hong Ye
- College of Food Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Yi Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology; Nanjing Agricultural University; Nanjing P.R. China
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48
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Castaño-Rodríguez N, Mitchell HM, Kaakoush NO. NAFLD, Helicobacter species and the intestinal microbiome. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2017; 31:657-668. [PMID: 29566909 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. It is well-accepted that gut dysbiosis is associated with NAFLD, however, there is some conflicting evidence regarding the nature of these alterations. Infection with Helicobacter species, mainly H. pylori, has also been associated with increased NAFLD risk, however, some studies have failed to reproduce this finding. Further studies including large study samples and standardised procedures for microbiota analyses, H. pylori detection and NAFLD diagnostic criteria, are required. The mechanisms involving Helicobacter species and the intestinal microbiome in NAFLD pathogenesis appear to be part of the multiple-hit theory, in which increased intestinal permeability, inflammatory responses, altered choline, bile acids and carbohydrate metabolism, production of short-chain fatty acids, urea cycle and urea transport systems, altered maintenance of hepatic γδT-17 cells, insulin resistance, hormones secreted by the adipose tissue, metabolic hormones, bacterial metabolites and Helicobacter toxins, are all implicated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hazel M Mitchell
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Nadeem O Kaakoush
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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49
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Lyu M, Wang YF, Fan GW, Wang XY, Xu SY, Zhu Y. Balancing Herbal Medicine and Functional Food for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiometabolic Diseases through Modulating Gut Microbiota. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2146. [PMID: 29167659 PMCID: PMC5682319 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It has become apparent that gut microbiota is closely associated with cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), and alteration in microbiome compositions is also linked to the host environment. Next generation sequencing (NGS) has facilitated in-depth studies on the effects of herbal medicine and functional food on gut microbiota. Both herbal medicine and functional food contain fiber, polyphenols and polysaccharides, exerting prebiotics-like activities in the prevention and treatment of CMDs. The administrations of herbal medicine and functional food lead to increased the abundance of phylum Bacteroidetes, and genus Akkermansia, Bifidobacteria, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides and Prevotella, while reducing phylum Firmicutes and Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in gut. Both herbal medicine and functional food interact with gut microbiome and alter the microbial metabolites including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids (BAs) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which are now correlated with metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In addition, trimethylamine (TMA)-N-oxide (TMAO) is recently linked to atherosclerosis (AS) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks. Moreover, gut-organs axes may serve as the potential strategy for treating CMDs with the intervention of herbal medicine and functional food. In summary, a balance between herbal medicine and functional food rich in fiber, polyphenols and polysaccharides plays a vital role in modulating gut microbiota (phylum Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and genus Akkermansia, Bifidobacteria, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides and Prevotella) through SCFAs, BAs, LPS and TMAO signaling regarding CMDs. Targeting gut-organs axes may serve as a new therapeutic strategy for CMDs by herbal medicine and functional food in the future. This review aims to summarize the balance between herbal medicine and functional food utilized for the prevention and treatment of CMDs through modulating gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Lyu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue-Fei Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Guan-Wei Fan
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Neuroscience Program, Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Yan Zhu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Chen G, Xie M, Wan P, Chen D, Ye H, Chen L, Zeng X, Liu Z. Digestion under saliva, simulated gastric and small intestinal conditions and fermentation in vitro by human intestinal microbiota of polysaccharides from Fuzhuan brick tea. Food Chem 2017; 244:331-339. [PMID: 29120790 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of present study was to examine whether the digestivesystem (saliva, simulated gastric and small intestinal conditions) could break down and large intestinal microbiota could utilize the polysaccharides from Fuzhuan brick tea (FBTPS). The results showed that there was no change in molecular weight, monosaccharide content and content of reducing sugars before and after saliva, simulated gastric and small intestinal digestion, indicating that FBTPS could pass through the digestive system without being broken down and reach the large intestine safely. The content of carbohydrate was significantly decreased by fermentation in vitro of gut microbiota, suggesting that FBTPS could be broken down and utilized by gut microbiota. FBTPS could significantly modulate the composition and abundance of gut microbiota. Furthermore, the contents of short-chain fatty acids were significantly increased. Therefore, FBTPS is expected to be a functional food to improve human health and prevent disease through promoting the gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guijie Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Minhao Xie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Peng Wan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dan Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hong Ye
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ligen Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biotechnology of Marine Wetland, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Tea Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China.
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