1
|
Luz R, Cordeiro R, Gonçalves V, Vasconcelos V, Urbatzka R. Screening of Lipid-Reducing Activity and Cytotoxicity of the Exometabolome from Cyanobacteria. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:412. [PMID: 39330293 PMCID: PMC11433081 DOI: 10.3390/md22090412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are rich producers of secondary metabolites, excreting some of these to the culture media. However, the exometabolome of cyanobacteria has been poorly studied, and few studies have dwelled on its characterization and bioactivity assessment. In this work, exometabolomes of 56 cyanobacterial strains were characterized by HR-ESI-LC-MS/MS. Cytotoxicity was assessed on two carcinoma cell lines, HepG2 and HCT116, while the reduction in lipids was tested in zebrafish larvae and in a steatosis model with fatty acid-overloaded human liver cells. The exometabolome analysis using GNPS revealed many complex clusters of unique compounds in several strains, with no identifications in public databases. Three strains reduced viability in HCT116 cells, namely Tolypotrichaceae BACA0428 (30.45%), Aphanizomenonaceae BACA0025 (40.84%), and Microchaetaceae BACA0110 (46.61%). Lipid reduction in zebrafish larvae was only observed by exposure to Dulcicalothrix sp. BACA0344 (60%). The feature-based molecular network shows that this bioactivity was highly correlated with two flavanones, a compound class described in the literature to have lipid reduction activity. The exometabolome characterization of cyanobacteria strains revealed a high chemodiversity, which supports it as a source for novel bioactive compounds, despite most of the time being overlooked.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rúben Luz
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade dos Açores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning; UNESCO Chair-Land Within Sea: Biodiversity & Sustainability in Atlantic Islands, Universidade dos Açores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Rita Cordeiro
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade dos Açores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning; UNESCO Chair-Land Within Sea: Biodiversity & Sustainability in Atlantic Islands, Universidade dos Açores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Vítor Gonçalves
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade dos Açores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning; UNESCO Chair-Land Within Sea: Biodiversity & Sustainability in Atlantic Islands, Universidade dos Açores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research-CIIMAR/CIMAR, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4069-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ralph Urbatzka
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research-CIIMAR/CIMAR, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ma J, Mo J, Feng Y, Wang L, Jiang H, Li J, Jin C. Combination of transcriptomic and proteomic approaches helps unravel the mechanisms of luteolin in inducing liver cancer cell death via targeting AKT1 and SRC. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1450847. [PMID: 39234106 PMCID: PMC11371790 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1450847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Luteolin, a natural compound commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine, shows clinical potential as an anti-liver cancer agent. The mechanisms underlying the anti-liver cancer effect of luteolin are limited versus those reported for other cancers. Accordingly, this study was conducted to bridge the existing knowledge gap. Methods Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of the response of the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HuH-7 to luteolin were conducted, and a possible pathway was elucidated using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), flow cytometry, western blotting, qRT-PCR and bio-layer interferometry assay to systematically explore the possible mechanisms underlying the inhibition of the proliferation of liver cancer cells by luteolin. Results and Discussion Results showed that luteolin significantly inhibited HuH-7 cell proliferation. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses collectively revealed that luteolin could promote cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HuH-7 cells through transcription factors p53, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), FOXO, ATF2, and TCF/LEF via AKT1, as well as the KEAP-NRF and SRC-STAT3 pathways. Furthermore, AKT1 and SRC were identified as the 2 targets of luteolin. Nuclear translocation of transcription factors p53 and NF-κB were affected by luteolin administration. Additionally, AKT1 activity affected normal metabolism in HuH-7 cells and resulted in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, which activated MOMP and further promoted apoptosis. Our results systematically elucidate the mechanism of luteolin in inhibiting the proliferation of liver cancer cells, mainly through cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via targeting AKT1 and SRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junxia Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Jinggang Mo
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifu Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liezhi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junmin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Chong Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yoo E, Choi HJ, Kim JK, Kim YM, Park JS, Han JY. Sustainable production of multimeric and functional recombinant human adiponectin using genome-edited chickens. J Biol Eng 2024; 18:32. [PMID: 38715027 PMCID: PMC11077872 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-024-00427-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adiponectin (ADPN) plays a critical role in endocrine and cardiovascular functions, but traditional production methods, such as Escherichia coli and mammalian systems, have faced challenges in generating sufficiently active middle molecular weight (MMW) and high molecular weight (HMW) forms of recombinant human ADPN (hADPN). In our previous study, we proposed genome-edited chickens as an efficient platform for producing multimeric hADPN. However, the consistency of multimeric hADPN expression in this system across generations had not been further investigated. RESULTS In this study, subsequent generations of ovalbumin (OVA) ADPN knock-in chickens showed stable multimeric hADPN production, yielding ~ 26% HMW ADPN (0.59 mg/mL) per hen. Comparative analysis revealed that egg white (EW)-derived hADPN predominantly consisted of hexameric and HMW forms, similar to serum-derived hADPN. In contrast, hADPN obtained from human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 and High-Five (Hi-5) cells also exhibited the presence of trimers, indicating variability across different production systems. Furthermore, transcriptional expression analysis of ADPN multimerization-associated endoplasmic reticulum chaperone genes (Ero1-Lα, DsbA-L, ERP44, and PDI) indicated upregulation in the oviduct magnum of ADPN KI hens, suggesting the chicken oviduct magnum as the optimal site for HMW ADPN production. Lastly, the functional analysis demonstrated that EW-derived hADPN significantly reduced lipid droplets and downregulated lipid accumulation-related genes (LOX-1, AT1R, FAS, and FABP4) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). CONCLUSION In summary, stable and functional multimeric hADPN can be produced in genome-edited chickens even after generations. This highlights the potential of using chicken bioreactor for producing various high-value proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eunhui Yoo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jung Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyoo Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of International Agricultural Technology & Institute of Green BioScience and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 25354, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Avinnogen Co., Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Se Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Avinnogen Co., Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xiao Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, Zhang T, Qi X, Hou L, Ma Z, Xu F. Hepatic polypeptide nutrient solution improves high-cholesterol diet-induced rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by activating AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:3225-3236. [PMID: 38726419 PMCID: PMC11077238 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatic polypeptide nutrient solution (HP) is a mixture of hepatoprotective peptides derived from fresh porcine liver with various effects. However, the role and mechanisms of HP in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are still not well understood. We investigated the effects of HP NAFLD rats induced by high-cholesterol diet (HCD) and its underlying mechanisms. Rats were provided with HCD for 4 weeks and then received HP or metformin after 2 weeks of HCD feeding. The study found that HP reduced cholesterol and triglyceride levels in rats with NAFLD (all p < .05). Histopathological examination also showed that HP improved the liver lesions induced by the HCD diet. Furthermore, the oxidative stress and inflammatory responses of NAFLD rats treated with HP were also improved. In addition, it was discovered that HP triggered the activation of AMPK and decreased the expression of SREBP-1c and FAS while enhancing the expression of PPAR α and CPT-1 in liver. These findings indicated that HP might have therapeutic potential for NAFLD, possibly via activating AMPK signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Xiao
- School of Basic MedicineHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Jianan Wang
- Graduate SchoolHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Basic MedicineHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Ting Zhang
- Experimental CenterHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Xingzhong Qi
- Hebei Zhitong Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.BaodingHebeiChina
| | - Lei Hou
- Hebei Zhitong Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.BaodingHebeiChina
| | - Zhihong Ma
- School of Basic MedicineHebei University of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangHebeiChina
- Hebei International Cooperation Center for Ion Channel Function and Innovative Traditional Chinese MedicineShijiazhuangHebeiChina
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver‐Kidney PatternsShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Feng Xu
- Hebei Zhitong Biological Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.BaodingHebeiChina
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Malik S, Inamdar S, Acharya J, Goel P, Ghaskadbi S. Characterization of palmitic acid toxicity induced insulin resistance in HepG2 cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 97:105802. [PMID: 38431059 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2024.105802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An etiology of palmitic acid (PA) induced insulin resistance (IR) is complex for which two mechanisms are proposed namely ROS induced JNK activation and lipid induced protein kinase-C (PKCε) activation. However, whether these mechanisms act alone or in consortium is not clear. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we have characterized PA induced IR in liver cells. These cells were treated with different concentrations of PA for either 8 or 16 h. Insulin responsiveness of cells treated with PA for 8 h was found to be same as that of control. However, cells treated with PA for 16 h, showed increased glucose output both in the presence and in absence of insulin only at higher concentrations, indicating development of IR. In these, both JNK and PKCε were activated in response to increased ROS and lipid accumulation, respectively. Activated JNK and PKCε phosphorylated IRS1 at Ser-307 resulting in inhibition of AKT which in turn inactivated GSK3β, leading to reduced glycogen synthase activity. Inhibition of AKT also reduced insulin suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis by activating Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) and increased expression of the gluconeogenic enzymes and their transcription factors. CONCLUSION Thus, our data clearly demonstrate that both these mechanisms work simultaneously and more importantly, identified a threshold of HepG2 cells, which when crossed led to the pathological state of IR in response to PA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Malik
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Shrirang Inamdar
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Jhankar Acharya
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Pranay Goel
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Saroj Ghaskadbi
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Eddy AC, Rajakumar A, Spradley FT, Granger JP, Rana S. Luteolin prevents TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation and ROS production in cultured human placental explants and endothelial cells. Placenta 2024; 145:65-71. [PMID: 38096686 PMCID: PMC10872317 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious hypertensive pregnancy disorder and a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Despite the prevalence and complications, there are no approved therapeutics to relieve PE symptoms. Inflammation, oxidative stress, and angiogenic imbalance have been shown to contribute to the PE pathophysiology, though there is a lack of understanding in how best to target these pathways in PE. We recently demonstrated that the bioflavonoid luteolin is a potent inhibitor of the anti-angiogenic and pro-hypertensive soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1), and here we aimed to determine if luteolin was also capable of reducing inflammation and oxidative stress pathways. METHODS Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, which is upregulated in PE, was utilized to stimulate these pathways in human placental explants and endothelial cells. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) and interleukin (IL)-6 in the media from explants and cells were measured via ELISA, and NF-κB localization and reactive oxygen species were detected via fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS Pretreatment with luteolin demonstrated significant reductions in NF-κB activation, reactive oxygen species, superoxide, and IL-6 and ET-1 expression in endothelial cells. We also saw a significant reduction in phosphorylation of NF-κB in human placental explants. DISCUSSION These data demonstrate that luteolin inhibits pathways implicated in the development of PE and should be explored further for its potential as a PE therapeutic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian C Eddy
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Frank T Spradley
- Department of Surgery and Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Joey P Granger
- Department of Physiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Sarosh Rana
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pan Y, Zhang Y, Ouyang H, Gong T, Zhang Z, Cao X, Fu Y. Targeted Delivery of Celastrol via Chondroitin Sulfate Derived Hybrid Micelles for Alleviating Symptoms in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:4877-4893. [PMID: 37890075 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is caused by an accumulation of excess fat in the liver leading to oxidative stress and liver cell injury, as well as overproduction of inflammatory cytokines. CD44 has been identified as a potential therapeutic target in the development of NAFLD to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Here, chondroitin sulfate (CS) is selected to construct a CD44-targeted delivery system for the treatment of NAFLD. Specifically, two CS-derived amphiphilic materials including CS conjugated with either 4-aminophenylboronic acid pinacol ester (CS-PBE) or phenformin (CS-PFM) were synthesized, respectively. The presence of PBE moieties on CS-PBE rendered the vehicle with enhanced loading capacity and scavenging potential against reactive oxygen species, while the presence of guanidine moieties on CS-PFM enhanced the internalization of vehicles in the differentiated hepatocytes. Next, celastrol (CLT) was encapsulated in the hybrid micelle to afford CS-Hybrid/CLT, which demonstrates sufficient stability, enhanced cellular uptake efficiencies in differentiated HepG2 cells, and therapeutic potential to alleviate lipid accumulation in differentiated HepG2 cells. In a high-fat-diet-induced NAFLD rat model, CS-Hybrid/CLT micelles demonstrated the capacity to dramatically decrease hepatic lipid accumulation and free fatty acid levels with greatly improved pathologic liver histology and downregulated hepatic inflammation levels. These results suggest that CS-based amphiphilic micelles may offer a promising strategy to effectively deliver therapeutic cargos to the liver for the treatment of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Pan
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yunxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hongling Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xi Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
- Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administrate of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shehnaz SI, Roy A, Vijayaraghavan R, Sivanesan S, Pazhanivel N. Modulation of PPAR-γ, SREBP-1c and inflammatory mediators by luteolin ameliorates β-cell dysfunction and renal damage in a rat model of type-2 diabetes mellitus. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9129-9142. [PMID: 37749346 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08804-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural products have been recommended as a complementary therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) due to constraints of safety and tolerability of existing anti-diabetic agents. Luteolin exhibits anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Hence, the impact of luteolin on glucose homoeostasis and organ damage was investigated in high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) induced T2DM in rats. METHODS AND RESULTS Male Wistar rats were maintained on HFD (provided 55% energy as fat) for 10 days. Subsequently, a single dose of 40 mg/kg STZ was injected intraperitoneally on the 11th day. Seventy-two hours after STZ administration, diabetic rats with established hyperglycemia (fasting serum glucose > 200 mg/dL) were randomized into different groups having six rats each and orally administered either 0.5% hydroxy propyl cellulose or pioglitazone (10 mg/kg) or luteolin (50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg) once daily for 28 days, while continuing HFD for respective groups. Luteolin significantly reduced hyperglycaemia, homoeostasis model assessment (HOMA) of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels, and improved hypoinsulinemia and HOMA of b-cell function (HOMA-B) in a dose-dependent manner. Increased TNF-α, IL-6 and NFκB levels in diabetic rats were significantly regulated. Additionally, luteolin significantly augmented PPAR-γ expression while attenuating sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) expression. Histopathological scrutiny validated that luteolin effectively attenuated HFD-STZ-induced injury in pancreatic β-cells and kidneys to near normalcy. CONCLUSION Our study showed that luteolin ameliorated hyperglycemia and improved hypoinsulinemia, β-cell dysfunction, and renal impairment in HFD-STZ-induced diabetic rats by attenuating inflammation and dysregulated cytokine secretion through modulation of PPAR-γ, TNF-α, IL-6 and NF-kB expression and down-regulation of SREBP-1c.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Ilyas Shehnaz
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India.
| | - Anitha Roy
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India
| | - Rajagopalan Vijayaraghavan
- Department of Research and Development, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India
| | - Senthilkumar Sivanesan
- Department of Research and Development, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Biotechnology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India
| | - Natesan Pazhanivel
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 007, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li X, Zang N, Zhang N, Pang L, Lv L, Meng X, Lv X, Leng J. DNA damage resulting from human endocrine disrupting chemical exposure: Genotoxicity, detection and dietary phytochemical intervention. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139522. [PMID: 37478996 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has posed an increasing threat to human health. EDCs are major risk factors in the occurrence and development of many diseases. Continuous DNA damage triggers severe pathogenic consequences, such as cancer. Beyond their effects on the endocrine system, EDCs genotoxicity is also worthy of attention, owing to the high accessibility and bioavailability of EDCs. This review investigates and summarizes nearly a decade of DNA damage studies on EDC exposure, including DNA damage mechanisms, detection methods, population marker analysis, and the application of dietary phytochemicals. The aims of this review are (1) to systematically summarize the genotoxic effects of environmental EDCs (2) to comprehensively summarize cutting-edge measurement methods, thus providing analytical solutions for studies on EDC exposure; and (3) to highlight critical data on the detoxification and repair effects of dietary phytochemicals. Dietary phytochemicals decrease genotoxicity by playing a major role in the detoxification system, and show potential therapeutic effects on human diseases caused by EDC exposure. This review may support research on environmental toxicology and alternative chemo-prevention for human EDC exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Li
- Comprehensive Exposure Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Ningzi Zang
- Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110847, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Comprehensive Exposure Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Lijian Pang
- Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110847, China
| | - Ling Lv
- Comprehensive Exposure Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Xiansheng Meng
- Comprehensive Exposure Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Xiaodong Lv
- Comprehensive Exposure Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Jiapeng Leng
- Comprehensive Exposure Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, 116600, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Eddy AC, Chiang CY, Rajakumar A, Spradley FT, Dauer P, Granger JP, Rana S. Bioflavonoid luteolin prevents sFlt-1 release via HIF-1α inhibition in cultured human placenta. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23078. [PMID: 37405762 PMCID: PMC10348062 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300611r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious hypertensive complication of pregnancy and is a leading cause of maternal death and major contributor to maternal and perinatal morbidity, including establishment of long-term complications. The continued prevalence of PE stresses the need for identification of novel treatments which can target prohypertensive factors implicated in the disease pathophysiology, such as soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1). We set out to identify novel compounds to reduce placental sFlt-1 and determine whether this occurs via hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α inhibition. We utilized a commercially available library of natural compounds to assess their ability to reduce sFlt-1 release from primary human placental cytotrophoblast cells (CTBs). Human placental explants from normotensive (NT) and preeclamptic (PE) pregnancies were treated with varying concentrations of luteolin. Protein and mRNA expression of sFlt-1 and upstream mediators were evaluated using ELISA, western blot, and real-time PCR. Of the natural compounds examined, luteolin showed the most potent inhibition of sFlt-1 release, with >95% reduction compared to vehicle-treated. Luteolin significantly inhibited sFlt-1 in cultured placental explants compared to vehicle-treated in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Additionally, significant decreases in HIF-1α expression were observed in luteolin-treated explants, suggesting a mechanism for sFlt-1 downregulation. The ability of luteolin to inhibit HIF-1α may be mediated through the Akt pathway, as inhibitors to Akt and its upstream regulator phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) resulted in significant HIF-1α reduction. Luteolin reduces anti-angiogenic sFlt-1 through inhibition of HIF-1α, making it a novel candidate for the treatment of PE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian C. Eddy
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Chun Yi Chiang
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Frank T. Spradley
- Department of Surgery and Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS USA
| | - Patricia Dauer
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joey P. Granger
- Department of Physiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Sarosh Rana
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li L, Qin Y, Xin X, Wang S, Liu Z, Feng X. The great potential of flavonoids as candidate drugs for NAFLD. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114991. [PMID: 37302319 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a global prevalence of approximately 25 % and is associated with high morbidity and high mortality. NAFLD is a leading cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Its pathophysiology is complex and still poorly understood, and there are no drugs used in the clinic to specifically treat NAFLD. Its pathogenesis involves the accumulation of excess lipids in the liver, leading to lipid metabolism disorders and inflammation. Phytochemicals with the potential to prevent or treat excess lipid accumulation have recently received increasing attention, as they are potentially more suitable for long-term use than are traditional therapeutic compounds. In this review, we summarize the classification, biochemical properties, and biological functions of flavonoids and how they are used in the treatment of NAFLD. Highlighting the roles and pharmacological uses of these compounds will be of importance for enhancing the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangge Li
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Yiming Qin
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Xijian Xin
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Shendong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaojun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Xiujing Feng
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China; School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yen DTH, Lan HTT, Anh BTM, Van Kiem P, Tai BH, Huyen LT, Yen PH, Nhiem NX, Mai NT. One new furostane saponin from Allium ramosum and lipid accumulation inhibitory activity. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2023; 25:510-517. [PMID: 35876609 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2022.2098728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A new furostane saponin, ramosaponin (1), and four known furostane saponins, protodioscin (2), dehydrotomatoside (3), (25 R)-26-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-furost-5-ene-3β,22α,26-triol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranoside (4), and anguivioside A (5) were isolated from the methanol extract of Allium ramosum seeds. Their structures were identified based on spectroscopic evidence and comparison with those reported in the literature. All compounds were evaluated for reduction of lipid accumulation in HepG2 cell line. As a result, compound 1 showed significant lipid accumulation inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 64.32 ± 3.87 µM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duong Thi Hai Yen
- Institute of Structural Research, Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 10072, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Thi Tuyet Lan
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Transport and Communications, Hanoi 11512, Vietnam
| | - Bui Thi Mai Anh
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Transport and Communications, Hanoi 11512, Vietnam
| | - Phan Van Kiem
- Institute of Structural Research, Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 10072, Vietnam
| | - Bui Huu Tai
- Institute of Structural Research, Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 10072, Vietnam
| | - Le Thi Huyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU University of Science, Hanoi 11416, Vietnam
| | - Pham Hai Yen
- Institute of Structural Research, Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 10072, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Xuan Nhiem
- Institute of Structural Research, Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi 10072, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Mai
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Transport and Communications, Hanoi 11512, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yen DTH, Tai BH, Yen PH, Nhiem NX, Cuong NT, Dung NV, Huong PTT, Cuong PV, Kiem PV. Furostane Saponins from the Seeds of Allium ramosum and Their Lipid Accumulation Inhibitory Activity. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200590. [PMID: 36070411 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Three new furostane saponins, ramofurosides A-C (1-3), and two known saponins, fistulosaponin B (4) and (25R)-26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-1β,3β,26-trihydroxyfurosta-5,20(22)-diene-1-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranoside (5) were isolated from the methanol extract of Allium ramosum seeds. Their structures were identified based on spectroscopic evidence and comparison with those reported in the literature. All compounds were evaluated for reduction of lipid accumulation in HepG2 cell lines. As a result, compounds 1 and 3 showed a significant reduction in total lipid content by 27.93±3.05 and 27.54±1.68 %, respectively, at a concentration of 100 μM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duong Thi Hai Yen
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
| | - Bui Huu Tai
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
| | - Pham Hai Yen
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Xuan Nhiem
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen The Cuong
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Viet Dung
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
| | - Phan Thi Thanh Huong
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
| | - Pham Van Cuong
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
| | - Phan Van Kiem
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, 10072, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shao G, Liu Y, Lu L, Zhang G, Zhou W, Wu T, Wang L, Xu H, Ji G. The Pathogenesis of HCC Driven by NASH and the Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of Natural Products. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:944088. [PMID: 35873545 PMCID: PMC9301043 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.944088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a clinical syndrome with pathological changes that are similar to those of alcoholic hepatitis without a history of excessive alcohol consumption. It is a specific form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that is characterized by hepatocyte inflammation based on hepatocellular steatosis. Further exacerbation of NASH can lead to cirrhosis, which may then progress to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There is a lack of specific and effective treatments for NASH and NASH-driven HCC, and the mechanisms of the progression of NASH to HCC are unclear. Therefore, there is a need to understand the pathogenesis and progression of these diseases to identify new therapeutic approaches. Currently, an increasing number of studies are focusing on the utility of natural products in NASH, which is likely to be a promising prospect for NASH. This paper reviews the possible mechanisms of the pathogenesis and progression of NASH and NASH-derived HCC, as well as the potential therapeutic role of natural products in NASH and NASH-derived HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaoxuan Shao
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangtao Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanchen Xu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Paul S, Goswami L, Pegu R, Kumar Chatterjee S, Sundar Bhattacharya S. Epigenetic regulations enhance adaptability and valorization efficiency in Eisenia fetida and Eudrilus eugeniae during vermicomposting of textile sludge: Insights on repair mechanisms of metal-induced genetic damage and oxidative stress. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126493. [PMID: 34883193 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Genotoxicity-based assessments of vermitechnology for textile-sludge valorization have rarely been attempted. Therefore, waste sanitization and epigenetic stress-regulation efficiency of Eisenia fetida and Eudrilus eugeniae were evaluated in silk (DSPS) and cotton (CPWS) processing sludge-based vermibeds. Vermicomposting resulted in greater C, N, and P recovery than composting. Earthworm population reduced by 6-50% in DSPS/CPWS, while it significantly increased in cow dung (CD) mixed DSPS/CPWS. The Cr, Cd, Pb, and Zn accumulation efficiency of earthworms was higher in DSPS-based feedstocks than CPWS. However, metal-rich sludge elevated oxidative stress, causing greater inhibition of cell viability and DNA damage in Eudrilus than in Eisenia. Although histo-architecture of chloragogenous tissues was perturbed, earthworms combatted metal-induced lipid peroxidation via the activation of catalase, superoxide-dismutase, and reduced-glutathione. Correlation statistics revealed that genetic integrity in earthworms was restored through DNA-methyltransferase activity, especially in DSPS/CPWS + CD vermibeds. Overall, Eisenia was a healthier choice than Eudrilus for sustainable valorization of textile-sludge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarmistha Paul
- Soil and Agro Bio-engineering Lab, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784 028, India
| | - Linee Goswami
- Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati Santiniketan, West Bengal 731235, India
| | - Ratul Pegu
- Soil and Agro Bio-engineering Lab, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784 028, India
| | - Subhendu Kumar Chatterjee
- Department of Biological Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Satya Sundar Bhattacharya
- Soil and Agro Bio-engineering Lab, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784 028, India.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xu X, Chen Y, Zhang X, Zhang R, Chen X, Liu S, Sun Q. Modular characteristics and the mechanism of Chinese medicine's treatment of gastric cancer: a data mining and pharmacology-based identification. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1777. [PMID: 35071471 PMCID: PMC8756228 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-6301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is increasingly extensively being applied as a complementary and alternative therapy for gastric cancer (GC); however, there is a lack of large-scale evidence-based deep learning for the guidance of its clinical prescription. Methods The combinational search terms of “Gastric cancer and/or gastric malignancy” and “Traditional Chinese Medicine” were used to retrieve clinical study-based herbal prescriptions from public database over the past 3 decades [1990–2020]. Association rules mining (ARM) was used to analyze the prescription patterns of the herbs extracted from the eligible studies. Deep machine learning and computational prediction were conducted to explore candidate prescriptions with general applicability for GC. The action mechanism of the preferred prescription was investigated through network pharmacology, and further validated via in vivo and in vitro experiments. Results A total of 194 clinical study-based herbal prescriptions with good efficacy for GC were collected. TCM with focus on invigorating the Spleen and tonifying the vital-Qi is a promising adjuvant therapy for GC. The preferred prescription is composed of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Astragali Radix, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae, Crataegi Fructus, and so on. We screened 74 bioactive compounds and 2,128 predictive targets of the preferred prescription from public databases. Eventually, 135 GC-related genes were identified as the targets of the preferred prescription. The compound-target network revealed that the crucial substances in the preferred prescription are quercetin, kaempferol, baicalein, and nobiletin. Experimentally, the preferred prescription was validated to modulate GC cell survival and inhibit tumor progression mainly via the hTERT/MDM2-p53 signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. Conclusions TCM aimed at invigorating the Spleen and tonifying the vital-Qi is a promising adjuvant therapy for GC, which offers a guidance for worldwide use of TCM in the treatment of GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xintian Xu
- Oncology Department, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaling Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingxing Zhang
- Gastroenterology Department, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruijuan Zhang
- No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Chen
- No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shenlin Liu
- Oncology Department, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingmin Sun
- Science and technology Department, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ontawong A, Pasachan T, Trisuwan K, Soodvilai S, Duangjai A, Pongchaidecha A, Amornlerdpison D, Srimaroeng C. Coffea arabica pulp aqueous extract attenuates oxidative stress and hepatic lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. J Herb Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
18
|
Exploring the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza in diabetic nephropathy using network pharmacology and molecular docking. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:227939. [PMID: 33634308 PMCID: PMC8209169 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20203520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) on diabetic nephropathy (DN) were examined using a systematic network pharmacology approach and molecular docking. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database was used to screen active ingredients of SM. Targets were obtained using the SwissTargetPrediction and TCMSP databases. Proteins related to DN were retrieved from the GeneCards and DisGeNET databases. A protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using common SM/DN targets in the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database. The Metascape platform was used for Gene Ontology (GO) function analysis, and the Cytoscape plug-in ClueGO was used for Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Molecular docking was performed using iGEMDOCK and AutoDock Vina software. Pymol and LigPlos were used for network mapping. Sixty-six active ingredients and 189 targets of SM were found. Sixty-four targets overlapped with DN-related proteins. The PPI network revealed that AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1), VEGFA, interleukin 6 (IL6), TNF, mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), tumor protein p53 (TP53), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14), and JUN were the ten most relevant targets. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the common targets of DN and SM were mainly involved in advanced glycation end-products, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and immune regulation. Molecular docking revealed that potential DN-related targets, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF), NOS2, and AKT1, more stably bound with salvianolic acid B than with tanshinone IIA. In conclusion, the present study revealed the active components and potential molecular therapeutic mechanisms of SM in DN and provides a reference for the wide application of SM in clinically managing DN.
Collapse
|
19
|
Apigenin and Luteolin Regulate Autophagy by Targeting NRH-Quinone Oxidoreductase 2 in Liver Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050776. [PMID: 34068281 PMCID: PMC8153271 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary flavonoids stimulate autophagy and prevent liver dysfunction, but the upstream signaling pathways triggered by these compounds are not well understood. Certain polyphenols bind directly to NRH-quinone oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2) and inhibit its activity. NQO2 is highly expressed in the liver, where it participates in quinone metabolism, but recent evidence indicates that it may also play a role in the regulation of oxidative stress and autophagy. Here, we addressed a potential role of NQO2 in autophagy induction by flavonoids. The pro-autophagic activity of seven flavonoid aglycons correlated perfectly with their ability to inhibit NQO2 activity, and flavones such as apigenin and luteolin showed the strongest activity in all assays. The silencing of NQO2 strongly reduced flavone-induced autophagic flux, although it increased basal LC3-II levels in HepG2 cells. Both flavones induced AMP kinase (AMPK) activation, while its reduction by AMPK beta (PRKAB1) silencing inhibited flavone-induced autophagy. Interestingly, the depletion of NQO2 levels by siRNA increased the basal AMPK phosphorylation but abrogated its further increase by apigenin. Thus, NQO2 contributes to the negative regulation of AMPK activity and autophagy, while its targeting by flavones releases pro-autophagic signals. These findings imply that NQO2 works as a flavone receptor mediating autophagy and may contribute to other hepatic effects of flavonoids.
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang Z, Zeng M, Wang Z, Qin F, Chen J, He Z. Dietary Polyphenols to Combat Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via the Gut-Brain-Liver Axis: A Review of Possible Mechanisms. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:3585-3600. [PMID: 33729777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols are a group of micronutrients widely existing in plant foods including fruits, vegetables, and teas that can improve nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this review, the existing knowledge of dietary polyphenols for the development of NAFLD regulated by intestinal microecology is discussed. Polyphenols can influence the vagal afferent pathway in the central and enteric nervous system to control NAFLD via gut-brain-liver cross-talk. The possible mechanisms involve in the alteration of microbial community structure, effects of gut metabolites (short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids (BAs), endogenous ethanol (EnEth)), and stimulation of gut-derived hormones (ghrelin, cholecystokinin (CCK), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and leptin) based on the targets excavated from the gut-brain-liver axis. Consequently, the communication among the intestine, brain, and liver paves the way for new approaches to understand the underlying roles and mechanisms of dietary polyphenols in NAFLD pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Fang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jeon HJ, Choi DK, Choi J, Lee S, Lee H, Yu JH, Min SH. D-Mannitol Induces a Brown Fat-like Phenotype via a β3-Adrenergic Receptor-Dependent Mechanism. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040768. [PMID: 33807329 PMCID: PMC8066535 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of brown adipocytes within white adipose tissue is associated with phenotypes that exhibit improved metabolism and proper body weight maintenance. Therefore, a variety of dietary agents that facilitate the browning of white adipocytes have been investigated. In this study, we screened a natural product library comprising 133 compounds with the potential to promote the browning of white adipocytes, and found that D-mannitol induces the browning of 3T3-L1 adipocytes by enhancing the expression of brown fat-specific genes and proteins, and upregulating lipid metabolism markers. D-mannitol also increased the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC), suggesting a possible role in lipolysis and fat oxidation. Moreover, an increase in the expression of genes associated with D-mannitol-induced browning was strongly correlated with the activation of the β3-adrenergic receptor as well as AMPK, protein kinase A (PKA), and PPARγ coactivator 1α (PGC1α). D-mannitol effectively reduced the body weight of mice fed a high-fat diet, and increased the expression of β1-oxidation and energy expenditure markers, such as Cidea, carnitine palmityl transferase 1 (CPT1), uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), PGC1α, and acyl-coenzyme A oxidase (ACOX1) in the inguinal white adipose tissue. Our findings suggest that D-mannitol plays a dual regulatory role by inducing the generation of a brown fat-like phenotype and enhancing lipid metabolism. These results indicate that D-mannitol can function as an anti-obesity supplement.
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang Z, Zeng M, Wang Z, Qin F, Chen J, He Z. Dietary Luteolin: A Narrative Review Focusing on Its Pharmacokinetic Properties and Effects on Glycolipid Metabolism. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:1441-1454. [PMID: 33522240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c08085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Luteolin, a flavone subclass of flavonoids, is commonly found in food plants and has multiple biological activities. Recently, evidence is growing with regard to the potential of luteolin intake to beneficially affect glycolipid metabolism disorders (GLMDs), particularly insulin resistance, diabetes, and obesity. The aim of this contribution is to provide an overview of recent advances in identifying and understanding the pharmacokinetic properties (absorption, metabolism, and bioavailability) of luteolin, its regulatory effects on glycolipid metabolism, and the underlying mechanisms of action of luteolin in the brain, liver, adipose tissues, and other tissues/organs. Collectively, luteolin or its principal metabolites may contribute to counteracting GLMDs, especially for human obesity and diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Maomao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li J, Deng Q, Zhang Y, Wu D, Li G, Liu J, Zhang L, Wang HMD. Three Novel Dietary Phenolic Compounds from Pickled Raphanus Sativus L. Inhibit Lipid Accumulation in Obese Mice by Modulating the Gut Microbiota Composition. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2000780. [PMID: 33560577 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Although pickled radish is widely consumed worldwide, few studies have investigated the nutritional benefits of bioactive compounds extracted from pickled radish. In this study, the authors investigate the relationship among dietary phenolic compounds, lipid accumulation, and gut microbiota. METHOD AND RESULTS Three phenolic compounds 2,6-dihydroxyacetophenone (DHAP), 4-hydroxyphenethyl alcohol (4-HPEA), and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (HBA) are extracted from pickled radish. LO2 cells treated with free fatty acid are first used to explore the impact of the above three compounds at different doses on reducing lipid levels. The effects of the three compounds on obesity and the gut microbiota are further investigated in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced KM mice. Results show that three compounds inhibited the lipid accumulation in LO2 cells. The results of animal experiments reveal that three compounds prevented body weight gain and significantly decreased serum lipid levels. Treatment with DHAP, HPEA, and HBA reversed gut microbiome dysbiosis in HFD-induced mice. The three phenolic compounds increase Odoribacter, and decrease Helicobacter and Mucispirillum. Notably, DHAP and HBA reduce the HFD-induced increase in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. CONCLUSION These data suggest that phenolic compounds extracted from pickled radish possess excellent lipid-lowering capacity, providing a theoretical basis for further analysis of the nutritional value of pickled radish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Qianying Deng
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yaqi Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Daren Wu
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Guiling Li
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Hui-Min David Wang
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung City, 404, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dietary Polyphenols and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020494. [PMID: 33546130 PMCID: PMC7913263 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is emerging as a major public health issue worldwide, is characterized by a wide spectrum of liver disorders, ranging from simple fat accumulation in hepatocytes, also known as steatosis, to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis. At present, the pharmacological treatment of NAFLD is still debated and dietary strategies for the prevention and the treatment of this condition are strongly considered. Polyphenols are a group of plant-derived compounds whose anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties are associated with a low prevalence of metabolic diseases, including obesity, hypertension, and insulin resistance. Since inflammation and oxidative stress are the main risk factors involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, recent studies suggest that the consumption of polyphenol-rich diets is involved in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD. However, few clinical trials are available on human subjects with NAFLD. Here, we reviewed the emerging existing evidence on the potential use of polyphenols to treat NAFLD. After introducing the physiopathology of NAFLD, we focused on the most investigated phenolic compounds in the setting of NAFLD and described their potential benefits, starting from basic science studies to animal models and human trials.
Collapse
|
25
|
Chang TC, Chiou WC, Lai WH, Huang HC, Huang YL, Liu HK, Liang YC, Huang C. Ugonin J improves metabolic disorder and ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating the AMPK/AKT signaling pathway. Pharmacol Res 2021; 163:105298. [PMID: 33220422 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Closely associated with visceral obesity, hepatic steatosis resulting from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) exacerbates insulin resistance. Developing effective drugs to treat NAFLD is imperative. Here, we investigated the pharmacological mechanism of ugonin J (UJ) in controlling metabolic disorder and ameliorating NAFLD pathophysiology in diet-induced obese mice. The effects of UJ were assessed in 5-week-old C57BL/6 J mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. UJ treatment averted HFD-induced body weight gain by reducing fat deposition in adipose tissues and reduced HFD-induced hyperlipidemia and hepatic inflammation. UJ also improved HFD-induced glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. Moreover, the mode of action of UJ was analyzed in palmitate (PA)-induced steatotic human HuS-E/2 hepatocytes and in hyperglycemia-simulating rat BRIN-BD11 pancreatic β cells. In PA-induced steatotic human hepatocytes, UJ treatment promoted lipid clearance via pAMPK, pACC and CPT-1 upregulation and SREBP-1c downregulation. Interestingly, UJ upregulated Akt activity in hepatocytes and increased insulin secretion from β cells in acute insulin secretion tests. Taken together, UJ improved adipocyte hypertrophy, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and fat deposition in livers. UJ also reduced fatty acid accumulation by modulating key metabolic regulators. Our findings demonstrated the therapeutic potential of UJ for the treatment of NAFLD and diet-induced metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Chen Chang
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chung Chiou
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Han Lai
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiu-Chen Huang
- Department of Applied Science, National Tsing Hua University South Campus, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Ling Huang
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Cosmetic Science, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Kang Liu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chih Liang
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Earth and Life Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Leng YR, Zhang MH, Luo JG, Zhang H. Pathogenesis of NASH and Promising Natural Products. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 19:12-27. [PMID: 33516448 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(21)60002-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a common clinical condition that can lead to advanced liver diseases. The mechanism of the diaease progression, which is lacking effective therapy, remains obsure. Therefore, there is a need to understand the pathogenic mechanisms responsible for disease development and progression in order to develop innovative therapies. To accomplish this goal, experimental animal models that recapitulate the human disease are necessary. Currently, an increasing number of studies have focused on natural constituents from medicinal plants which have been emerged as a new hope for NASH. This review summarized the pathogenesis of NASH, animal models commonly used, and the promising targets for therapeutics. We also reviewed the natural constituents as potential NASH therapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Rong Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mei-Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jian-Guang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ferrigno A, Berardo C, Di Pasqua LG, Cagna M, Siciliano V, Richelmi P, Vairetti M. The selective blockade of metabotropic glutamate receptor-5 attenuates fat accumulation in an <em>in vitro</em> model of benign steatosis. Eur J Histochem 2020; 64. [PMID: 33207858 PMCID: PMC7662107 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2020.3175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been previously found that the blockade of metabotropic glutamate receptor type 5 (mGluR5) protects against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury and acetaminophen toxicity. The role of mGluR5 in NAFLD has not yet been elucidated. Here, we evaluated the effects of mGluR5 blockade in an in vitro model of steatosis. HepG2 cells were pre-incubated for 12 h with an mGluR5 agonist, a negative allosteric modulator (DHPG and MPEP, respectively) or vehicle, then treated with 1.5 mM oleate/palmitate (O/P) for another 12 h. Cell viability was evaluated with the MTT assay; fat accumulation was measured using the fluorescent dye nile red; SREBP-1, PPAR-α, iNOS and Caspase-3 protein expression were evaluated by Western blot; NFkB activity was evaluated as pNFkB/NFkB ratio. mGluR5 modulation did not alter cell viability in O/P-incubated cells; MPEP prevented intracellular lipid accumulation in O/P treated cells; MPEP administration was also associated with a reversion of O/P-induced changes in SREBP-1 and PPAR-α expression, involved in free fatty acid (FFA) metabolism and uptake. No changes were observed in iNOS and Caspase-3 expression, or in NFkB activity. In conclusion, mGluR5 pharmacological blockade reduced fat accumulation in HepG2 cells incubated with O/P, probably by modulating the expression of SREBP-1 and PPAR-α.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ferrigno
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Unit of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Pavia.
| | - Clarissa Berardo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Unit of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Pavia.
| | - Laura Giuseppina Di Pasqua
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Unit of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Pavia.
| | - Marta Cagna
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Unit of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Pavia.
| | - Veronica Siciliano
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Unit of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Pavia.
| | - Plinio Richelmi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Unit of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Pavia.
| | - Mariapia Vairetti
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Unit of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Pavia.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Forbes-Hernández TY, Cianciosi D, Ansary J, Mezzetti B, Bompadre S, Quiles JL, Giampieri F, Battino M. Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv. Romina) methanolic extract promotes browning in 3T3-L1 cells. Food Funct 2020; 11:297-304. [PMID: 31915782 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02285f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the conversion of white adipocytes to brown-like adipocytes by pharmacological and dietary compounds has gained attention as an effective strategy to fight obesity. Strawberry bioactive compounds present several biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-atherosclerotic and antiadipogenic properties. However, to the best of our knowledge, the possible role of strawberry bioactive compounds in white adipose tissue (WAT) browning has never been explored. Our results demonstrated that a strawberry methanolic extract (SE) significantly reduced 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes differentiation, and down-regulated the mRNA expression of the adipogenic transcription factors CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/REB- α) and peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor (PPAR-γ). It also down-regulated the mRNA expression of resistin and angiotensinogen, two genes considered as markers of white adipocytes, while increased the mRNA expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase lipoamide kinase isozyme 4 (PDK4) and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) which, conversely, are brown adipocyte-specific markers. Likewise, SE stimulated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPKα), sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) and the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), suggesting a possible increase in mitochondrial biogenesis. It also stimulated oxygen consumption rate and uncoupled respiration. Taken together, all these results suggest that SE induces brown fat-like phenotype in 3T3-L1 cells and may have potential therapeutic implications for treatment and/or prevention of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Y Forbes-Hernández
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo - Vigo Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Jeon JW, Choi N, Lee SH, Sung JH. Three-tissue microphysiological system for studying inflammatory responses in gut-liver Axis. Biomed Microdevices 2020; 22:65. [PMID: 32915326 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-020-00519-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between the gut and the liver, often known as the gut-liver axis, play crucial roles in modulating the body's responses to the xenobiotics as well as progression of diseases. Dysfunction of the axis can cause metabolic disorders as well as obesity, diabetes, and fatty liver disease. During the progression of such diseases, inflammatory responses involving the immune system also play an important part. In this study, we developed a three-tissue microphysiological system (MPS) that can accommodate three different cell types in separated compartments connected via fluidic channels in a microfluidic device. Using computational fluid dynamics, geometry of fluidic channels and flow conditions were optimized for seeding and culturing different cell types in the three-tissue MPS. Caco-2 (gut), RAW264.7 (immune), and HepG2 (liver) cells were seeded and cultured in the chip. Stimulation of the gut cells in the MPS with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) resulted in induction of inflammatory response and production of nitric oxide (NO) in all connected chambers. The anti-inflammatory effect of luteolin was demonstrated. Our study demonstrates that the three-tissue MPS can recapitulate the inflammatory responses involving the gut, liver and immune cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joong-Won Jeon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Nakwon Choi
- Center for BioMicrosystems, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Lee
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Hwan Sung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, 04066, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Liu Y, Li J, Liu Y. Effects of epoxy stearic acid on lipid metabolism in HepG2 cells. J Food Sci 2020; 85:3644-3652. [PMID: 32885409 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, effects of cis-9,10-epoxystearic acid (ESA) generated by the thermal oxidation of oleic acid on HepG2 cells, including intracellular lipid accumulation, fatty acid composition, and lipid metabolism, were investigated. Our results revealed that ESA increased the number and size of cellular lipid droplets. Intracellular triacylglycerol and total cholesterol content demonstrated that ESA induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Results of fatty acid composition further indicated that ESA could lead to intracellular lipid accumulation. Our results also revealed that ESA may suppress the fatty acid oxidation in peroxisomes and mitochondria, including PPARα, Cpt1α, and Acox1, whereas the expression of genes involved in lipid synthesis, including Srebp-1c and Scd1, was enhanced. These findings provide critical information on the effects of ESA on HepG2 cells, particularly lipid accumulation and metabolism, which is important for evaluating the biosafety of the oxidative product of oleic acid. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The administration of cis-9,10-epoxystearic acid to HepG2 cells could lead to disorder of lipid metabolism of cells by enhancing the intracellular lipid content, as well as suppressing the fatty acid oxidation in peroxisomes and mitochondria. These findings could provide information for the evaluation of the biosafety of the oxidative product of oleic acid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinwei Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214122, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ni Y, Ni L, Zhuge F, Fu Z. The Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolites, Novel Targets for Treating and Preventing Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000375. [PMID: 32738185 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders worldwide, along with obesity and type 2 diabetes. NAFLD involves a series of liver abnormalities from simple hepatic steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, which can ultimately lead to liver cirrhosis and cancer. The gut-liver axis plays an important role in the development of NAFLD, which depends mainly on regulation of the gut microbiota and its bacterial products. These intestinal bacterial species and their metabolites, including bile acids, tryptophan catabolites, and branched-chain amino acids, regulate adipose tissue and intestinal homeostasis and contribute to the pathogenesis of NAFLD/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. In this review, the current evidence regarding the key role of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the pathogenesis and development of NAFLD is highlighted, and the advances in the progression and applied prospects of gut microbiota-targeted dietary and exercise therapies is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinhua Ni
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310032, China
| | - Liyang Ni
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310032, China
| | - Fen Zhuge
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310015, China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310032, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sharma A, Anand SK, Singh N, Dwivedi UN, Kakkar P. Berbamine induced AMPK activation regulates mTOR/SREBP-1c axis and Nrf2/ARE pathway to allay lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in steatotic HepG2 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 882:173244. [PMID: 32526241 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is emanating as a global cataclysm. This study was designed to investigate the antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and fat metabolism-regulating potential of berbamine (BBM), a natural bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid. BBM attenuated intracellular lipid accumulation in oleic-acid exposed HepG2 cells (0.5 mM) by inhibiting fatty acid uptake, lipogenesis, and promoting fatty acid β-oxidation by activating AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α. Berbamine (5 μM) induced AMPK activation (P < 0.001) via LKB1 (Ser-428) and elevated AMP:ATP ratio (P < 0.001). AMPK activation negatively regulated mTOR and also constrained the nuclear translocation of SREBP-1c and inhibited the lipogenic proteins, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) (P < 0.001). BBM stimulated nuclear translocation of redox-sensitive nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) and increased hepatic expression of Nrf2 responsive enzymes, HO-1 and Nqo-1. BBM treatment reduced the oxidative burst and pro-inflammatory responses by significantly enhancing hepatic antioxidant defenses [SOD (P < 0.001), catalase (P < 0.001) and cellular glutathione (P < 0.01)] and diminishing NF-κB regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, and IL-6) levels respectively. TEM analysis confirmed the disruption of mitochondrial structure and reduction in mitochondrial size (50.97%, P < 0.001) in steatotic HepG2 cells which was significantly prevented by 5 μM BBM treatment (71.84% as compared to control, P < 0.01). Pre-treatment of Compound C (AMPK inhibitor, 25 μM) greatly repressed the anti-steatotic properties exhibited by BBM confirming the involvement of AMPK signaling pathway. In summary, the results manifest that BBM reduces intracellular lipid accumulation via AMPK/mTOR/SREBP-1c axis mediated regulation of lipid metabolism and upsurged nuclear stability of Nrf2 by promoting AMPK/Nrf2 association to ameliorate oxidative stress/proinflammatory response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Sharma
- Herbal Research Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan 31, Post Box No. 80, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
| | - Sumit Kr Anand
- Herbal Research Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan 31, Post Box No. 80, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Neha Singh
- Herbal Research Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan 31, Post Box No. 80, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | | | - Poonam Kakkar
- Herbal Research Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan 31, Post Box No. 80, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kim M, Yoo G, Randy A, Son YJ, Hong CR, Kim SM, Nho CW. Lemon Balm and Its Constituent, Rosmarinic Acid, Alleviate Liver Damage in an Animal Model of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1166. [PMID: 32331258 PMCID: PMC7230626 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) ranges in severity from hepatic steatosis to cirrhosis. Lemon balm and its major constituent, rosmarinic acid (RA), effectively improve the liver injury and obesity; however, their therapeutic effects on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of RA and a lemon balm extract (LBE) on NAFLD and liver fibrosis and elucidated their mechanisms. Palmitic acid (PA)-exposed HepG2 cells and db/db mice fed a methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet were utilized to exhibit symptoms of human NASH. LBE and RA treatments alleviated the oxidative stress by increasing antioxidant enzymes and modulated lipid metabolism-related gene expression by the activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in vitro and in vivo. LBE and RA treatments inhibited the expression of genes involved in hepatic fibrosis and inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Together, LBE and RA could improve liver damage by non-alcoholic lipid accumulation and may be promising medications to treat NASH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myungsuk Kim
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 25451, Korea; (M.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.-J.S.); (C.R.H.); (S.M.K.)
| | - GyHye Yoo
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 25451, Korea; (M.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.-J.S.); (C.R.H.); (S.M.K.)
| | - Ahmad Randy
- Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Kawasan Puspiptek, Serpong 15314, Indonesia;
| | - Yang-Ju Son
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 25451, Korea; (M.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.-J.S.); (C.R.H.); (S.M.K.)
| | - Chi Rac Hong
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 25451, Korea; (M.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.-J.S.); (C.R.H.); (S.M.K.)
| | - Sang Min Kim
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 25451, Korea; (M.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.-J.S.); (C.R.H.); (S.M.K.)
| | - Chu Won Nho
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do 25451, Korea; (M.K.); (G.Y.); (Y.-J.S.); (C.R.H.); (S.M.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Yang Y, Zhao Y, Li W, Wu Y, Wang X, Wang Y, Liu T, Ye T, Xie Y, Cheng Z, He J, Bai P, Zhang Y, Ouyang L. Emerging targets and potential therapeutic agents in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 197:112311. [PMID: 32339855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the world, which is characterized by liver fat accumulation unrelated to excessive drinking. Indeed, it attracts growing attention and becomes a global health problem. Due to the complexity of the NAFLD pathogenic mechanism, no related drugs were approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) till now. However, it is encouraging that a series of candidate drugs have entered the clinical trial stage with expectation to treat NAFLD. In this review, we summarized the main pathways and pathogenic mechanisms of NAFLD, as well as introduced the main potential therapeutic targets and the corresponding compounds involved in metabolism, inflammation and fibrosis. Furthermore, we also discuss the progress of these compounds, such as drug design and optimization, the choice of pharmacological properties and druglikeness, and the analysis of structure-activity relationship. This review offers a medium on future drug design and development, to be beneficial to relevant studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wenzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuyao Wu
- West China School of Public Health/No.4 West China Teaching Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tingmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tinghong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yongmei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhiqiang Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Jun He
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Peng Bai
- Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Liang Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy & Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kitakaze T, Makiyama A, Yamashita Y, Ashida H. Low dose of luteolin activates Nrf2 in the liver of mice at start of the active phase but not that of the inactive phase. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231403. [PMID: 32271832 PMCID: PMC7144991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A flavone luteolin has various health-promoting activities. Several studies reported that high dose of luteolin activates the Nrf2/ARE pathway in the liver. However, the effect of the low dose of luteolin that can be taken from a dietary meal on the Nrf2 activation remain unclear. It is expected that the flavonoid metabolism possesses a circadian rhythm, since nutritional metabolism processes daily cycle. In this study we investigated whether an administration affects the Nrf2 activation. ICR mice were orally administered 0.01–10 mg/kg body weight of luteolin once a day for 7 days at two time-points: at the start of active phase (ZT12) or at that of inactive phase (ZT0). Luteolin increased the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, resulting in the increases in its target gene products HO-1 and NQO1 at ZT12 but not at ZT0. The expression level of Nrf2 was lower at ZT12 than at ZT0 in the liver. We also found that the level of luteolin aglycon in the plasma is higher at ZT12 than at ZT0. These results suggest that the low dose of luteolin can activate Nrf2 pathway and the aglycon form of luteolin may mainly contribute to activate the Nrf2 pathway at ZT12 in the liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Kitakaze
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Makiyama
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoko Yamashita
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ashida
- Department of Agrobioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Protective Effect of a Mixture of Astragalus membranaceus and Lithospermum erythrorhizon Extract against Hepatic Steatosis in High Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:8370698. [PMID: 32256659 PMCID: PMC7106914 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8370698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the potential synergistic and protective effects of ALM16, a mixture of Astragalus membranaceus (AM) and Lithospermum erythrorhizon (LE) extract in a ratio of 7 : 3, against hepatic steatosis in high fat diet (HFD)-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) mice. Forty-eight mice were randomly divided into eight groups and orally administered daily for 6 weeks with a normal diet (ND) or high fat diet alone (HFD), HFD with AM (HFD + 100 mg/kg AM extract), HFD with LE (HFD + 100 mg/kg LE extract), HFD with ALM16 (HFD + 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg ALM16), or HFD with MT (HFD + 100 mg/kg Milk thistle extract) as a positive control. ALM16 significantly decreased the body and liver weight, serum and hepatic lipid profiles, including triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL), and serum glucose levels, compared to the HFD group. Moreover, ALM16 significantly ameliorated the HFD-induced increased hepatic injury markers, including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT)-1. Furthermore, as compared to the mice fed HFD alone, ALM16 increased the levels of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (p-ACC), thereby upregulating the expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT)-1 and downregulating the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c and fatty acid synthase (FAS). These results demonstrated that ALM16 markedly inhibited HFD-induced hepatic steatosis in NAFLD mice by modulating AMPK and ACC signaling pathways, and may be more effective than the single extracts of AM or LE.
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang QS, Tian FW, Zhao JX, Zhang H, Zhai QX, Chen W. The influence of dietary patterns on gut microbiome and its consequences for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
38
|
Ardid-Ruiz A, Ibars M, Mena P, Del Rio D, Muguerza B, Arola L, Aragonès G, Suárez M. Resveratrol Treatment Enhances the Cellular Response to Leptin by Increasing OBRb Content in Palmitate-Induced Steatotic HepG2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246282. [PMID: 31842467 PMCID: PMC6941089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of leptin with its hepatic longest receptor (OBRb) promotes the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3), protecting the liver from lipid accumulation. However, leptin signalling is disrupted in hepatic steatosis, causing leptin resistance. One promising strategy to combat this problem is the use of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols. Since resveratrol (RSV) is a modulator of lipid homeostasis in the liver, we investigated whether treatment with different doses of RSV restores appropriate leptin action and fat accumulation in palmitate-induced steatotic human hepatoma (HepG2) cells. Both RSV metabolism and the expression of molecules implicated in leptin signalling were analysed. RSV at a 10 μM concentration was entirely metabolized to resveratrol-3-sulfate after 24 and counteracted leptin resistance by increasing the protein levels of OBRb. In addition, RSV downregulated the expression of lipogenic genes including fatty acid synthase (Fas) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (Scd1) without any significant change in Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) enzymatic activity. These results demonstrate that RSV restored leptin sensitivity in a cellular model of hepatic steatosis in a SIRT1-independent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ardid-Ruiz
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Maria Ibars
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy
- School of Advanced Studies on Food and Nutrition, University of Parma, 43215 Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Begoña Muguerza
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Lluís Arola
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Biotechnological Area, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Gerard Aragonès
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-977-558-188
| | - Manuel Suárez
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Su RC, Lad A, Breidenbach JD, Blomquist TM, Gunning WT, Dube P, Kleinhenz AL, Malhotra D, Haller ST, Kennedy DJ. Hyperglycemia induces key genetic and phenotypic changes in human liver epithelial HepG2 cells which parallel the Leprdb/J mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225604. [PMID: 31805072 PMCID: PMC6894821 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing global health concern. With a propensity to progress towards non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, NAFLD is an important link amongst a multitude of comorbidities including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular and kidney disease. As several in vivo models of hyperglycemia and NAFLD are employed to investigate the pathophysiology of this disease process, we aimed to characterize an in vitro model of hyperglycemia that was amenable to address molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets at the cellular level. Utilizing hyperglycemic cell culturing conditions, we induced steatosis within a human hepatocyte cell line (HepG2 cells), as confirmed by electron microscopy. The deposition and accumulation of lipids within hyperglycemic HepG2 cells is significantly greater than in normoglycemic cells, as visualized and quantified by Nile red staining. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), diagnostic biomarkers for liver damage and disease, were found to be upregulated in hyperglycemic HepG2 cells as compared with normoglycemic cells. Suppression of CEACAM1, GLUT2, and PON1, and elevation of CD36, PCK1, and G6PK were also found to be characteristic in hyperglycemic HepG2 cells compared with normoglycemic cells, suggesting insulin resistance and NAFLD. These in vitro findings mirror the characteristic genetic and phenotypic profile seen in Leprdb/J mice, a well-established in vivo model of NAFLD. In conclusion, we characterize an in vitro model displaying several key genetic and phenotypic characteristics in common with NAFLD that may assist future studies in addressing the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets to combat this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin C. Su
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Apurva Lad
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Joshua D. Breidenbach
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Thomas M. Blomquist
- Department of Pathology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - William T. Gunning
- Department of Pathology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Prabhatchandra Dube
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Andrew L. Kleinhenz
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Deepak Malhotra
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Steven T. Haller
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DK); (SH)
| | - David J. Kennedy
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DK); (SH)
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Villa-Rodriguez JA, Kerimi A, Tumova S, Williamson G. Inhibition of intestinal glucose transport by polyphenols: a mechanism for indirect attenuation of cholesterol absorption? Food Funct 2019; 10:3127-3134. [PMID: 31140506 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00810a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol uptake and chylomicron synthesis are promoted by increasing glucose concentrations in both healthy and diabetic individuals during the postprandial phase. The goal of this study was to test whether acute inhibition of glucose uptake could impact cholesterol absorption in differentiated human intestinal Caco-2 cells. As expected, high glucose upregulated intestinal cholesterol metabolism promoting its uptake and incorporation in lipoproteins. This was accompanied by an increase in the gene expression of Niemann-Pick C1 Like 1 and proprotein convertase subtillisin/kexin type 9. Cholesterol uptake was attenuated by acute inhibition of glucose absorption by cytochalasin B, by a chamomile extract and by one of its main constituent polyphenols, apigenin 7-O-glucoside; however, chylomicron secretion was only reduced by the chamomile extract. These data support a potential indirect role for bioactives in modulating intestinal lipid pathways through effects on intestinal glucose uptake. This working hypothesis warrants further testing in an in vivo setting such as in hypercholesterolaemic or prediabetic individuals.
Collapse
|
41
|
Sayılan Özgün G, Özgün E, Tabakçıoğlu K, Süer Gökmen S, Eskiocak S. Effect of palmitate-induced steatosis on paraoxonase-1 and paraoxonase-3 enzymes in human-derived liver (HepG2) cells. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.25000/acem.623975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
42
|
Yap CH, Mat Junit S, Abdul Aziz A, Kong KW. Multiple extraction conditions to produce phytochemical- and antioxidant-rich Alternanthera sessilis (red) extracts that attenuate lipid accumulation in steatotic HepG2 cells. FOOD BIOSCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2019.100489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
43
|
Cheng J, Liu D, Zhao J, Li X, Yan Y, Wu Z, Wang H, Wang C. Lutein attenuates oxidative stress and inhibits lipid accumulation in free fatty acids-induced HepG2 cells by activating the AMPK pathway. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
|
44
|
Lu X, Zhong R, Sun H, Zheng B, Chen L, Miao S, Liang P. Inhibition Effect of Triglyceride Accumulation by Large Yellow Croaker Roe DHA-PC in HepG2 Cells. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17090485. [PMID: 31438457 PMCID: PMC6780795 DOI: 10.3390/md17090485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The phospholipids (PLs) of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea, P. crocea) roe contain a high level of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which can lower blood lipid levels. In previous research, PLs of P. crocea roe were found able to regulate the accumulation of triglycerides. However, none of these involve the function of DHA-containing phosphatidylcholine (DHA-PC), which is the main component of PLs derived from P. crocea roe. The function by which DHA-PC from P. crocea roe exerts its effects has not yet been clarified. Herein, we used purified DHA-PC and oleic acid (OA) induced HepG2 cells to establish a high-fat model, and the cell activity and intracellular lipid levels were then measured. The mRNA and protein expression of Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS), Carnitine Palmitoyl Transferase 1A (CPT1A) and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α (PPARα) in HepG2 cells were detected via RT-qPCR and western blot as well. It was found that DHA-PC can significantly regulate triglyceride accumulation in HepG2 cells, the effect of which was related to the activation of PPARα receptor activity, upregulation of CPT1A, and downregulation of FAS expression. These results can improve the understanding of the biofunction of hyperlipidemia mediated by DHA-PC from P. crocea roe, as well as provide a theoretical basis for the utilization of DHA-PC from P. crocea roe as a functional food additive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Lu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Rongbin Zhong
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - He Sun
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Baodong Zheng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- China-Ireland International Cooperation Centre for Food Material Science and Structure Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lijiao Chen
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Song Miao
- China-Ireland International Cooperation Centre for Food Material Science and Structure Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Food Chemistry and Technology Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Peng Liang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lee DH, Jung YY, Park MH, Jo MR, Han SB, Yoon DY, Roh YS, Hong JT. Peroxiredoxin 6 Confers Protection Against Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Through Maintaining Mitochondrial Function. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:387-402. [PMID: 31007045 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is accompanied by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which has been suggested in several studies to link with mitochondrial function. However, the mechanistic role of ROS-mediated regulation of mitochondrial function in NAFLD has not been elucidated. Since peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) is the only member of the antioxidant PRDX family that translocates to damaged mitochondria, we investigated the PRDX6-mediated antisteatotic mechanism using genetically modified mice and cells. Results: PRDX6 mice were more protective to lipid accumulation, liver injury, and insulin resistance after a high-fat diet. Mechanistically, PRDX6 is required for induction of mitochondrial antioxidant action and beta-oxidation through maintaining mitochondrial integrity and subsequently prevents ROS-induced lipogenesis. Interestingly, oxidative stress-induced Notch signaling was suppressed in PRDX6 mice compared with wild-type mice, and genetic and pharmacological inhibition of Notch signaling improved lipid accumulation. Finally, PRDX knockdown or Notch inhibition reduced induction of mitophagy. PRDX6 antagonizes positive feedback loop between lipid accumulation and ROS production through regulation of mitochondrial function. Innovation: For the first time, we demonstrate that PRDX6 maintains mitochondria integrity under oxidative stress and protects against NAFLD progression by inhibition of Notch signaling. Conclusion: This study describes a novel molecular mechanism underlying the antisteatotic activity of PRDX6, which may be a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hun Lee
- 1 College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Department of Pharmacy Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Yu Yeon Jung
- 2 Department of Dental Hygiene, Gwangyang Health Sciences University, Gwangyang, South Korea
| | - Mi Hee Park
- 1 College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Department of Pharmacy Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Mi Ran Jo
- 1 College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Department of Pharmacy Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Sang Bae Han
- 1 College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Department of Pharmacy Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Do Young Yoon
- 3 Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Seok Roh
- 1 College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Department of Pharmacy Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- 1 College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Department of Pharmacy Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Liu Y, Zhang D, Liu GM, Chen Q, Lu Z. Ameliorative effect of dieckol-enriched extraction from Laminaria japonica on hepatic steatosis induced by a high-fat diet via β-oxidation pathway in ICR mice. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
|
47
|
Cheng C, Zhuo S, Zhang B, Zhao X, Liu Y, Liao C, Quan J, Li Z, Bode AM, Cao Y, Luo X. Treatment implications of natural compounds targeting lipid metabolism in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity and cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:1654-1663. [PMID: 31360108 PMCID: PMC6643217 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.33837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders can lead to a scarcity or excess of certain metabolites such as glucose, lipids, proteins, purines, and metal ions, which provide the biochemical foundation and directly contribute to the etiology of metabolic diseases. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, and cancer are common metabolic disorders closely associated with abnormal lipid metabolism. In this review, we first describe the regulatory machinery of lipid metabolism and its deregulation in metabolic diseases. Next, we enumerate and integrate the mechanism of action of some natural compounds, including terpenoids and flavonoids, to ameliorate the development of metabolic diseases by targeting lipid metabolism. Medicinal natural products have an established history of use in health care and therapy. Natural compounds might provide a good source of potential therapeutic agents for treating or preventing metabolic diseases with lipid metabolic abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Can Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078,PR China
| | - Songming Zhuo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shenzhen Longgang Center Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Imaging,Xiangya Hospital,Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078,PR China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Medicine, Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412000, China
| | - Chaoliang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078,PR China
| | - Jing Quan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078,PR China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078,PR China
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Ya Cao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078,PR China.,Molecular Imaging Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Xiangjian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha, Hunan 410078,PR China.,Molecular Imaging Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
|
49
|
Wei Q, Zhang B, Li P, Wen X, Yang J. Maslinic Acid Inhibits Colon Tumorigenesis by the AMPK-mTOR Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:4259-4272. [PMID: 30913881 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Maslinic acid (MA), a natural triterpenoid abundant in olives, has a variety of bioactivities. However, its effects and mechanisms on colorectal cancer (CRC) still need to be explored. This research evaluated the effects of MA on CRC progression from the aspect of the adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. MA inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCT116 and SW480 cells while inducing apoptosis in these cells. Furthermore, it could activate AMPK and negatively regulate the mTOR pathway. Knockdown of AMPK abolished its inhibitory effect on cell proliferation and migration and blocked the MA-induced apoptosis, revealing that AMPK was associated with the anticancer activity of MA. In addition, MA significantly suppressed the tumorigenesis and regulated the AMPK-mTOR pathway in azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium mice and xenograft tumor mice. This study demonstrated that the regulation of AMPK-mTOR signaling could potentially contribute to the beneficial effects of MA, including the prevention of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , 639 Longmian Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 211198 , People's Republic of China
| | - Biying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , 639 Longmian Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 211198 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , 639 Longmian Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 211198 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , 639 Longmian Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 211198 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , 639 Longmian Road , Nanjing , Jiangsu 211198 , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
A theoretical study on the molecular encapsulation of luteolin and pinocembrin with various derivatized beta-cyclodextrins. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|