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Kaminski TW, Sivanantham A, Mozhenkova A, Smith A, Ungalara R, Dubey RK, Shrestha B, Hanway C, Katoch O, Tejero J, Sundd P, Novelli EM, Kato GJ, Pradhan-Sundd T. Hemoglobin scavenger receptor CD163 as a potential biomarker of hemolysis-induced hepatobiliary injury in sickle cell disease. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 327:C423-C437. [PMID: 38682236 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00386.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD)-associated chronic hemolysis promotes oxidative stress, inflammation, and thrombosis leading to organ damage, including liver damage. Hemoglobin scavenger receptor CD163 plays a protective role in SCD by scavenging both hemoglobin-haptoglobin complexes and cell-free hemoglobin. A limited number of studies in the past have shown a positive correlation of CD163 expression with poor disease outcomes in patients with SCD. However, the role and regulation of CD163 in SCD-related hepatobiliary injury have not been fully elucidated yet. Here we show that chronic liver injury in SCD patients is associated with elevated levels of hepatic membrane-bound CD163. Hemolysis and increase in hepatic heme, hemoglobin, and iron levels elevate CD163 expression in the SCD mouse liver. Mechanistically we show that heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) positively regulates membrane-bound CD163 expression independent of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling in SCD liver. We further demonstrate that the interaction between CD163 and HO-1 is not dependent on CD163-hemoglobin binding. These findings indicate that CD163 is a potential biomarker of SCD-associated hepatobiliary injury. Understanding the role of HO-1 in membrane-bound CD163 regulation may help identify novel therapeutic targets for hemolysis-induced chronic liver injury.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/genetics
- Anemia, Sickle Cell/metabolism
- Anemia, Sickle Cell/blood
- Anemia, Sickle Cell/complications
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Animals
- Hemolysis
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Humans
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- Biomarkers/blood
- Heme Oxygenase-1/metabolism
- Hemoglobins/metabolism
- Mice
- Male
- Liver/metabolism
- Liver/pathology
- Female
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Adult
- NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism
- Heme/metabolism
- Liver Diseases/metabolism
- Liver Diseases/pathology
- Signal Transduction
- Haptoglobins/metabolism
- Membrane Proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz W Kaminski
- Thrombosis and Hemostasis Program, Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Ayyanar Sivanantham
- Thrombosis and Hemostasis Program, Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Anna Mozhenkova
- Transfusion Medicine, Vascular Biology and Cell Therapy Program, Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Ashley Smith
- Transfusion Medicine, Vascular Biology and Cell Therapy Program, Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Ramakrishna Ungalara
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Rikesh K Dubey
- Thrombosis and Hemostasis Program, Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Bibhav Shrestha
- Transfusion Medicine, Vascular Biology and Cell Therapy Program, Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Corrine Hanway
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Omika Katoch
- Transfusion Medicine, Vascular Biology and Cell Therapy Program, Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Jesús Tejero
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Prithu Sundd
- Thrombosis and Hemostasis Program, Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Enrico M Novelli
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Gregory J Kato
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Tirthadipa Pradhan-Sundd
- Transfusion Medicine, Vascular Biology and Cell Therapy Program, Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
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2
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Delanghe JR, Delrue C, Speeckaert R, Speeckaert MM. Unlocking the link between haptoglobin polymorphism and noninfectious human diseases: insights and implications. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2024; 61:275-297. [PMID: 38013410 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2023.2285929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Haptoglobin (Hp) is a polymorphic protein that was initially described as a hemoglobin (Hb)-binding protein. The major functions of Hp are to scavenge Hb, prevent iron loss, and prevent heme-based oxidation. Hp regulates angiogenesis, nitric oxide homeostasis, immune responses, and prostaglandin synthesis. Genetic polymorphisms in the Hp gene give rise to different phenotypes, including Hp 1-1, Hp 2-1, and Hp 2-2. Extensive research has been conducted to investigate the association between Hp polymorphisms and several medical conditions including cardiovascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, transplantation, and hemoglobinopathies. Generally, the Hp 2-2 phenotype is associated with increased disease risk and poor outcomes. Over the years, the Hp 2 allele has spread under genetic pressures. Individuals with the Hp 2-2 phenotype generally exhibit lower levels of CD163 expression in macrophages. The decreased expression of CD163 may be associated with the poor antioxidant capacity in the serum of subjects carrying the Hp 2-2 phenotype. However, the Hp 1-1 phenotype may confer protection in some cases. The Hp1 allele has strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. It is important to note that the benefits of the Hp1 allele may vary depending on genetic and environmental factors as well as the specific disease or condition under consideration. Therefore, the Hp1 allele may not necessarily confer advantages in all situations, and its effects may be context-dependent. This review highlights the current understanding of the role of Hp polymorphisms in cardiovascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, transplantation, hemoglobinopathies, and polyuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris R Delanghe
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Delrue
- Department of Nephrology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Marijn M Speeckaert
- Department of Nephrology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
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3
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Koenig MR, Vazquez J, Leyva Jaimes FB, Mitzey AM, Stanic AK, Golos TG. Decidual leukocytes respond to African lineage Zika virus infection with mild anti-inflammatory changes during acute infection in rhesus macaques. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1363169. [PMID: 38515747 PMCID: PMC10954895 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1363169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) can be vertically transmitted during pregnancy resulting in a range of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The decidua is commonly found to be infected by ZIKV, yet the acute immune response to infection remains understudied in vivo. We hypothesized that in vivo African-lineage ZIKV infection induces a pro-inflammatory response in the decidua. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the decidua in pregnant rhesus macaques within the first two weeks following infection with an African-lineage ZIKV and compared our findings to gestationally aged-matched controls. Decidual leukocytes were phenotypically evaluated using spectral flow cytometry, and cytokines and chemokines were measured in tissue homogenates from the decidua, placenta, and fetal membranes. The results of this study did not support our hypothesis. Although ZIKV RNA was detected in the decidual tissue samples from all ZIKV infected dams, phenotypic changes in decidual leukocytes and differences in cytokine profiles suggest that the decidua undergoes mild anti-inflammatory changes in response to that infection. Our findings emphasize the immunological state of the gravid uterus as a relatively immune privileged site that prioritizes tolerance of the fetus over mounting a pro-inflammatory response to clear infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle R. Koenig
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jessica Vazquez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Fernanda B. Leyva Jaimes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Ann M. Mitzey
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Aleksandar K. Stanic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Thaddeus G. Golos
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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Van Kleunen L, Ahmadian M, Post MD, Wolsky RJ, Rickert C, Jordan K, Hu J, Richer JK, Marjon NA, Behbakht K, Sikora MJ, Bitler BG, Clauset A. The spatial structure of the tumor immune microenvironment can explain and predict patient response in high-grade serous carcinoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.26.577350. [PMID: 38352574 PMCID: PMC10862769 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.26.577350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Despite ovarian cancer being the deadliest gynecological malignancy, there has been little change to therapeutic options and mortality rates over the last three decades. Recent studies indicate that the composition of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) influences patient outcomes but are limited by a lack of spatial understanding. We performed multiplexed ion beam imaging (MIBI) on 83 human high-grade serous carcinoma tumors - one of the largest protein-based, spatially-intact, single-cell resolution tumor datasets assembled - and used statistical and machine learning approaches to connect features of the TIME spatial organization to patient outcomes. Along with traditional clinical/immunohistochemical attributes and indicators of TIME composition, we found that several features of TIME spatial organization had significant univariate correlations and/or high relative importance in high-dimensional predictive models. The top performing predictive model for patient progression-free survival (PFS) used a combination of TIME composition and spatial features. Results demonstrate the importance of spatial structure in understanding how the TIME contributes to treatment outcomes. Furthermore, the present study provides a generalizable roadmap for spatial analyses of the TIME in ovarian cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Van Kleunen
- Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
| | - Mansooreh Ahmadian
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Miriam D Post
- Department of Pathology, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Rebecca J Wolsky
- Department of Pathology, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Christian Rickert
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Kimberly Jordan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Junxiao Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Cancer Center Biostatistics Core, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, CO, USA
| | - Jennifer K. Richer
- Department of Pathology, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Nicole A. Marjon
- Department of OB/GYN, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Kian Behbakht
- Department of OB/GYN, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Matthew J. Sikora
- Department of Pathology, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Benjamin G. Bitler
- Department of OB/GYN, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
| | - Aaron Clauset
- Department of Computer Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, USA
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5
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Pan S, Hale AT, Lemieux ME, Raval DK, Garton TP, Sadler B, Mahaney KB, Strahle JM. Iron homeostasis and post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus: a review. Front Neurol 2024; 14:1287559. [PMID: 38283681 PMCID: PMC10811254 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1287559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron physiology is regulated by a complex interplay of extracellular transport systems, coordinated transcriptional responses, and iron efflux mechanisms. Dysregulation of iron metabolism can result in defects in myelination, neurotransmitter synthesis, and neuronal maturation. In neonates, germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage (GMH-IVH) causes iron overload as a result of blood breakdown in the ventricles and brain parenchyma which can lead to post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH). However, the precise mechanisms by which GMH-IVH results in PHH remain elusive. Understanding the molecular determinants of iron homeostasis in the developing brain may lead to improved therapies. This manuscript reviews the various roles iron has in brain development, characterizes our understanding of iron transport in the developing brain, and describes potential mechanisms by which iron overload may cause PHH and brain injury. We also review novel preclinical treatments for IVH that specifically target iron. Understanding iron handling within the brain and central nervous system may provide a basis for preventative, targeted treatments for iron-mediated pathogenesis of GMH-IVH and PHH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelei Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Andrew T. Hale
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Mackenzie E. Lemieux
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Dhvanii K. Raval
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Thomas P. Garton
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Brooke Sadler
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Kelly B. Mahaney
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Jennifer M. Strahle
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
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6
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Watany MM, Elhosary MM. Clinical utility of circulating TWEAK and CD163 as biomarkers of iron-induced cardiac decompensation in transfusion dependent thalassemia major. Cytokine 2024; 173:156443. [PMID: 38000169 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) affects most of the cells involved in cardiac fibrosis like inflammatory cells, cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts. CD163, the receptor of TWEAK on the surface of type 2 macrophages, is shed into plasma upon macrophages activation. This work aimed to evaluate serum TWEAK and its decoy receptor CD163 as probable biomarkers to monitor myocardial iron overload (MIO) in transfusion dependent thalassemia major (TDTM) patients and to predict iron-induced cardiac decompensation (IICD). METHODS A total of 140 TDTM patients were enrolled. Patients were categorized into two groups; group I (n = 70) diagnosed with IICD while group II (n = 70) had no evidence of IICD. sTWEAK and sCD163 were quantitated utilizing Enzyme-linked-immunosorbent- assay. RESULTS sTWEAK was evidently lower in group I than group II (medians, 412 and 1052 pg/mL respectively). sCD163 was higher in group I than group II (medians, 615.5 and 323.5 ng/mL respectively). sTWEAK positively correlated with cardiac MRI-T2 mapping and ventricular ejection fractions and negatively correlated with B-Natriuretic peptide and cardiac troponin. An inverse relationship between TWEAK and CD163 was documented throughout the study. sTWEAK, sCD163 and TWEAK/CD163 ratio proved to be significant predictors of IICD in TDTM patients. TWEAK/CD163 ratio < 1.04 discriminated IICD in TDTM patients with 100 % clinical sensitivity and specificity. CONCLUSION Circulating TWEAK and CD163 appears to be promising biomarkers for monitoring MIO and predicting IICD in TDTM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M Watany
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Marwa M Elhosary
- Msc Immunology from Tanta University, Faculty of Science, Tanta 31527, Egypt
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Fioretti D, Ledda M, Iurescia S, Carletti R, Di Gioia C, Lolli MG, Marchese R, Lisi A, Rinaldi M. Severely Damaged Freeze-Injured Skeletal Muscle Reveals Functional Impairment, Inadequate Repair, and Opportunity for Human Stem Cell Application. Biomedicines 2023; 12:30. [PMID: 38275391 PMCID: PMC10813063 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The regeneration of severe traumatic muscle injuries is an unsolved medical need that is relevant for civilian and military medicine. In this work, we produced a critically sized nonhealing muscle defect in a mouse model to investigate muscle degeneration/healing phases. MATERIALS AND METHODS We caused a freeze injury (FI) in the biceps femoris of C57BL/6N mice. From day 1 to day 25 post-injury, we conducted histological/morphometric examinations, an analysis of the expression of genes involved in inflammation/regeneration, and an in vivo functional evaluation. RESULTS We found that FI activates cytosolic DNA sensing and inflammatory responses. Persistent macrophage infiltration, the prolonged expression of eMHC, the presence of centrally nucleated myofibers, and the presence of PAX7+ satellite cells at late time points and with chronic physical impairment indicated inadequate repair. By looking at stem-cell-based therapeutic protocols of muscle repair, we investigated the crosstalk between M1-biased macrophages and human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) in vitro. We demonstrated their reciprocal paracrine effects where hAMSCs induced a shift of M1 macrophages into an anti-inflammatory phenotype, and M1 macrophages promoted an increase in the expression of hAMSC immunomodulatory factors. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the rationale for the future use of our injury model to exploit the full potential of in vivo hAMSC transplantation following severe traumatic injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Fioretti
- Department Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Area di Ricerca Roma2 Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.L.); (S.I.); (M.G.L.); (A.L.)
| | - Mario Ledda
- Department Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Area di Ricerca Roma2 Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.L.); (S.I.); (M.G.L.); (A.L.)
| | - Sandra Iurescia
- Department Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Area di Ricerca Roma2 Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.L.); (S.I.); (M.G.L.); (A.L.)
| | - Raffaella Carletti
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Cira Di Gioia
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maria Grazia Lolli
- Department Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Area di Ricerca Roma2 Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.L.); (S.I.); (M.G.L.); (A.L.)
| | - Rodolfo Marchese
- Department of Clinical Pathology, FBF S. Peter Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy;
| | - Antonella Lisi
- Department Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Area di Ricerca Roma2 Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.L.); (S.I.); (M.G.L.); (A.L.)
| | - Monica Rinaldi
- Department Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Area di Ricerca Roma2 Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.L.); (S.I.); (M.G.L.); (A.L.)
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Macieira KV, Caetano DG, De Lima SMB, Wagner Giacoia-Gripp CB, Côrtes FH, Da Silva Cazote A, De Souza Azevedo Soares A, Dos Santos Alves N, De Souza Borges Quintana M, Costa M, Brandão LGP, De Andrade MM, Grinsztejn B, Coelho LE, De Almeida DV. Differential gene expression of cytokines, receptors, and miRNAs in individuals living with HIV-1 and vaccinated against yellow fever. Mol Immunol 2023; 164:58-65. [PMID: 37952362 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2023.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Between 2016 and 2018, Brazil faced a yellow fever (YF) outbreak, which led to an expansion of vaccination coverage. The coexistence of the YF outbreak and the HIV-1 epidemic in Brazil raised concerns regarding the immune response and vaccine effectiveness in individuals living with HIV (PLWH). The aim of this study was to investigate the immune response to YF vaccination in PLWH and HIV-uninfected individuals as controls. Transcript levels of immunomodulatory molecules, including IL-6, IL-10, IL-21, TGF-β, CD19, CD163, miR-21, miR-146, and miR-155, were measured using RTqPCR. TCD4+ cells were evaluated by cytometry, and neutralizing antibody (Nab) titers were detected by a micro plaque-reduction neutralization test. The findings of our study revealed several noteworthy observations. First, there was a notable reduction in the circulation of TCD4+ cells postvaccination. Among people living with HIV (PLWH), we observed an increase in the expression of IL-10 following vaccination, while IL-6 expression was diminished in PLWH with lower TCD4+ counts. Furthermore, we identified the downregulation of CD19 and TGF-β, along with the upregulation of IL-21 and CD163. Notably, we observed positive correlations between the levels of IL-10/IL-21, IL-10/CD163, and IL-6/CD19. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between miRNAs 146 and 155. It is important to emphasize that all participants exhibited robust neutralizing antibody responses after receiving 17DD YF vaccination. In this context, the gene expression data presented can be useful for biomarker studies of protective antibodies induced by YF vaccination. This study sheds light on immune mechanisms in individuals living with HIV and YF vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Venegas Macieira
- Laboratório de Aids e Imunologia Molecular (LABAIDS), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Diogo Gama Caetano
- Laboratório de Aids e Imunologia Molecular (LABAIDS), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sheila Maria Barbosa De Lima
- Departamento de Desenvolvimento Experimental e pré-Clínico (DEDEP), Bio-Manguinhos/Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Heloise Côrtes
- Laboratório de Aids e Imunologia Molecular (LABAIDS), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andressa Da Silva Cazote
- Laboratório de Aids e Imunologia Molecular (LABAIDS), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marcellus Costa
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI) - Fiocruz, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Beatriz Grinsztejn
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI) - Fiocruz, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lara Esteves Coelho
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI) - Fiocruz, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
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9
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Álvarez B, Revilla C, Poderoso T, Ezquerra A, Domínguez J. Porcine Macrophage Markers and Populations: An Update. Cells 2023; 12:2103. [PMID: 37626913 PMCID: PMC10453229 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides its importance as a livestock species, pig is increasingly being used as an animal model for biomedical research. Macrophages play critical roles in immunity to pathogens, tissue development, homeostasis and tissue repair. These cells are also primary targets for replication of viruses such as African swine fever virus, classical swine fever virus, and porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus, which can cause huge economic losses to the pig industry. In this article, we review the current status of knowledge on porcine macrophages, starting by reviewing the markers available for their phenotypical characterization and following with the characteristics of the main macrophage populations described in different organs, as well as the effect of polarization conditions on their phenotype and function. We will also review available cell lines suitable for studies on the biology of porcine macrophages and their interaction with pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Angel Ezquerra
- Departamento de Biotecnología, CSIC INIA, Ctra. De La Coruña, km7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (B.Á.); (C.R.); (T.P.); (J.D.)
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10
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Bader W, Steinacher C, Fischer HT, Glueckert R, Schmutzhard J, Schrott-Fischer A. Effects of Therapeutic Hypothermia on Macrophages in Mouse Cochlea Explants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8850. [PMID: 37240196 PMCID: PMC10218374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, over the next few decades, more than 2.5 billion people will suffer from hearing impairment, including profound hearing loss, and millions could potentially benefit from a cochlea implant. To date, several studies have focused on tissue trauma caused by cochlea implantation. The direct immune reaction in the inner ear after an implantation has not been well studied. Recently, therapeutic hypothermia has been found to positively influence the inflammatory reaction caused by electrode insertion trauma. The present study aimed to evaluate the hypothermic effect on the structure, numbers, function and reactivity of macrophages and microglial cells. Therefore, the distribution and activated forms of macrophages in the cochlea were evaluated in an electrode insertion trauma cochlea culture model in normothermic and mild hypothermic conditions. In 10-day-old mouse cochleae, artificial electrode insertion trauma was inflicted, and then they were cultured for 24 h at 37 °C and 32 °C. The influence of mild hypothermia on macrophages was evaluated using immunostaining of cryosections using antibodies against IBA1, F4/80, CD45 and CD163. A clear influence of mild hypothermia on the distribution of activated and non-activated forms of macrophages and monocytes in the inner ear was observed. Furthermore, these cells were located in the mesenchymal tissue in and around the cochlea, and the activated forms were found in and around the spiral ganglion tissue at 37 °C. Our findings suggest that mild hypothermic treatment has a beneficial effect on immune system activation after electrode insertion trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Joachim Schmutzhard
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (W.B.); (C.S.); (H.T.F.); (R.G.); (A.S.-F.)
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11
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Varricchio L, Geer EB, Martelli F, Mazzarini M, Funnell A, Bieker JJ, Papayannopoulou T, Migliaccio AR. Patients with hypercortisolemic Cushing disease possess a distinct class of hematopoietic progenitor cells leading to erythrocytosis. Haematologica 2023; 108:1053-1067. [PMID: 35861015 PMCID: PMC10071118 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2021.280542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Although human cell cultures stimulated with dexamethasone suggest that the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activates stress erythropoiesis, the effects of GR activation on erythropoiesis in vivo remain poorly understood. We characterized the phenotype of a large cohort of patients with Cushing disease, a rare condition associated with elevated cortisol levels. Results from hypercortisolemic patients with active Cushing disease were compared with those obtained from eucortisolemic patients after remission and from volunteers without the disease. Patients with active Cushing disease exhibited erythrocytosis associated with normal hemoglobin F levels. In addition, their blood contained elevated numbers of GR-induced CD163+ monocytes and a unique class of CD34+ cells expressing CD110, CD36, CD133 and the GR-target gene CXCR4. When cultured, these CD34+ cells generated similarly large numbers of immature erythroid cells in the presence and absence of dexamethasone, with raised expression of the GR-target gene GILZ. Of interest, blood from patients with Cushing disease in remission maintained high numbers of CD163+ monocytes and, although their CD34+ cells had a normal phenotype, these cells were unresponsive to added dexamethasone. Collectively, these results indicate that chronic exposure to excess glucocorticoids in vivo leads to erythrocytosis by generating erythroid progenitor cells with a constitutively active GR. Although remission rescues the erythrocytosis and the phenotype of the circulating CD34+ cells, a memory of other prior changes is maintained in remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Varricchio
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Eliza B Geer
- Multidisciplinary Pituitary and Skull Base Tumor Center, Departments of Medicine and Neurosurgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Fabrizio Martelli
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome
| | - Maria Mazzarini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotorial Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University, Bologna, Italy; Altius Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Seattle, WA
| | | | - James J Bieker
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | | | - Anna Rita Migliaccio
- Altius Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA; Center for Integrated Biomedical Research, Campus Bio-medico, Rome.
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12
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Melgoza-González EA, Bustamante-Córdova L, Hernández J. Recent advances in antigen targeting to antigen-presenting cells in veterinary medicine. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1080238. [PMID: 36969203 PMCID: PMC10038197 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1080238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in antigen targeting in veterinary medicine have gained traction over the years as an alternative approach for diseases that remain a challenge for traditional vaccines. In addition to the nature of the immunogen, antigen-targeting success relies heavily on the chosen receptor for its direct influence on the elicited response that will ensue after antigen uptake. Different approaches using antibodies, natural or synthetic ligands, fused proteins, and DNA vaccines have been explored in various veterinary species, with pigs, cattle, sheep, and poultry as the most frequent models. Antigen-presenting cells can be targeted using a generic approach, such as broadly expressed receptors such as MHC-II, CD80/86, CD40, CD83, etc., or focused on specific cell populations such as dendritic cells or macrophages (Langerin, DC-SIGN, XCR1, DC peptides, sialoadhesin, mannose receptors, etc.) with contrasting results. Interestingly, DC peptides show high specificity to DCs, boosting activation, stimulating cellular and humoral responses, and a higher rate of clinical protection. Likewise, MHC-II targeting shows consistent results in enhancing both immune responses; an example of this strategy of targeting is the approved vaccine against the bovine viral diarrhea virus in South America. This significant milestone opens the door to continuing efforts toward antigen-targeting vaccines to benefit animal health. This review discusses the recent advances in antigen targeting to antigen-presenting cells in veterinary medicine, with a special interest in pigs, sheep, cattle, poultry, and dogs.
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13
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Mierzchała-Pasierb M, Lipińska-Gediga M, Lewandowski Ł, Krzystek-Korpacka M. Alterations in Serum Concentration of Soluble CD163 within Five Study Days from ICU Admission Are Associated with In-Hospital Mortality of Septic Patients-A Preliminary Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2263. [PMID: 36767629 PMCID: PMC9916291 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD163, a cell membrane surface molecule specifically expressed by macrophages with an anti-inflammatory phenotype, participates in innate immunity. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical utility of sCD163 in septic patients in comparison to other parameters associated with infections, mainly PCT, CRP and IL-18. METHODS Serum samples were obtained from 40 septic patients on the ICU admission day, 3rd and 5th study days. The control group consisted of 30 healthy volunteers from whom the specimen was collected once. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the concentrations of sCD163 and IL-18. CRP and PCT records, among others, were provided by the hospital. RESULTS Septic shock was associated with the highest concentrations of sCD163 and IL-18. Admission values of sCD163 significantly contributed to mortality prediction in septic patients. CONCLUSIONS The concentration of sCD163 determined on the ICU admission day may potentially be utilized in estimation of the odds of death among septic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Łukasz Lewandowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
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14
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Mercnik MH, Schliefsteiner C, Fluhr H, Wadsack C. Placental macrophages present distinct polarization pattern and effector functions depending on clinical onset of preeclampsia. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1095879. [PMID: 36713449 PMCID: PMC9878680 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1095879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hofbauer cells (HBCs) are resident macrophages of the human placenta, regulating immune tolerance and tissue homeostasis. HBCs of a normal placenta (CTR) exhibit mainly an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Under exaggerated chronic inflammation during pregnancy, as in preeclampsia (PE), a phenotypic switch towards M1 polarization has been proposed. PE, defined as maternally derived syndrome can be distinguished into two different entities: early-onset (EO) preeclampsia and late-onset (LO) preeclampsia. Although the clinical presenting characteristics overlap, both can be identified by biochemical markers, heritability, and different maternal and fetal outcomes. To date, no study has specifically investigated polarization and phenotype of EO- and LO-PE HBCs and looked at possible changes in HBC functionality. Primary HBCs were isolated from CTR and PE placentae. First, in vitro morphological differences were observed between CTR and PE HBCs, with both PE groups exhibiting features of M1 macrophages alongside M2 forms. Interestingly, a different polarization pattern was observed between EO- and LO-PE HBCs. EO-PE HBCs develop a tissue remodeling M2 phenotype that is strongly shifted toward M1 polarization and showed a significant upregulation of CD86, TLR4, and HLA-DR. Furthermore, this pro-inflammatory signature is corroborated by higher expression of IRF5 and of NOS2 (p ≤ 0.05). However, their M2 characteristics is reflected by significant TGF-β secretion and ARG1 expression. In contrast, LO-PE HBCs developed a phagocytic CD209-low M2 phenotype in which the M1 pattern was not as pronounced as they downregulated the NOS2 gene, but expressed increased levels of pro-inflammatory CD80 and TLR1 (p ≤ 0.05). The enhanced phagocytosis and MMP-9 secretion alongside the increased secretion of anti-inflammatory IL -4, IL -13 and TGF-β in both EO- and LO-PE HBCs suggests their adaptive role and plasticity in resolving inflammation and tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Herbert Fluhr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christian Wadsack
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria,*Correspondence: Christian Wadsack,
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15
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Yilmaz M, Demir E, Gürsoy M, Firatli E, Gürsoy UK. Baseline interleukin-10, CD163, and tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) gingival tissue levels in relation to clinical periodontal treatment outcomes: A 12-week follow-up study. J Periodontol 2023; 94:141-154. [PMID: 35819128 PMCID: PMC10087717 DOI: 10.1002/jper.22-0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between healing response after non-surgical periodontal treatment and baseline gingival tissue levels of M2 macrophage activation-related proteins CD163, interleukin (IL)-10, interferon (IFN)-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), and the CD163/TWEAK ratio. METHODS Eighty-eight gingival tissue samples from 44 Stage III/IV, Grade C periodontitis patients (18 smokers) and 41 tissue samples from 41 periodontally healthy participants (18 smokers) were evaluated. Clinical parameters were recorded in periodontally healthy individuals at baseline and in periodontitis patients at pre-treatment and 2, 6, and 12 weeks following therapy. IL-10, IFN-γ, CD163, and TWEAK levels were analyzed with Luminex technique. RESULTS Tissue levels (median, 1st -3rd quartile) of IL-10 (pg/ng protein), CD163 (pg/μg protein) and TWEAK (pg/μg protein) were as follows: IL-10 periodontitis: 2.08, 0.86-5.32 and periodontally healthy: 5.22, 3.20-10.25; CD163 periodontitis: 8.85, 4.92-14.06 and periodontally healthy: 18.36, 12.51-34.02; TWEAK periodontitis: 0.08, 0.05-0.11 and periodontally healthy: 0.16, 0.12-0.21. IL-10, CD163, and TWEAK levels were higher (P < 0.001) in periodontally healthy tissues than in periodontitis tissues. Pocket closure at 12 weeks was associated with elevated baseline gingival CD163 levels (P = 0.047) and CD163/TWEAK ratio (P = 0.001). Elevated baseline gingival CD163/TWEAK ratio was associated with pocket reduction at 6 (P = 0.022) and 12 weeks (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION Associations of pocket closure with pre-treatment gingival tissue CD163 levels and CD163/TWEAK ratio indicate that baseline M2 macrophage activation profile may play a role in periodontal wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Yilmaz
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Demir
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mervi Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Oral Health Care, Welfare Division, City of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Erhan Firatli
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ulvi Kahraman Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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16
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Wang Y, Welc SS, Wehling‐Henricks M, Kong Y, Thomas C, Montecino‐Rodriguez E, Dorshkind K, Tidball JG. Myeloid cell-specific mutation of Spi1 selectively reduces M2-biased macrophage numbers in skeletal muscle, reduces age-related muscle fibrosis and prevents sarcopenia. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13690. [PMID: 36098370 PMCID: PMC9577952 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular macrophages play key regulatory roles in determining the response of skeletal muscle to injury and disease. Recent investigations showed that the numbers and phenotype of intramuscular macrophages change during aging, suggesting that those changes could influence the aging process. We tested that hypothesis by generating a mouse model that harbors a myeloid cell-specific mutation of Spi1, which is a transcription factor that is essential for myeloid cell development. The mutation reduced the numbers of macrophages biased to the CD163+/CD206+ M2 phenotype in muscles of aging mice without affecting the numbers of CD68-expressing macrophages and reduced the expression of transcripts associated with the M2-biased phenotype. The mutation did not affect the colony-forming ability or the frequency of specific subpopulations of bone marrow hematopoietic cells and did not affect myeloid/lymphoid cell ratios in peripheral blood leukocyte populations. Cellularity of most myeloid lineage cells was not influenced by the mutation. The Spi1 mutation in bone marrow-derived macrophages in vitro also did not affect expression of transcripts that indicate the M2-biased phenotype. Thus, myeloid cell-targeted mutation of Spi1 influences macrophage phenotype in muscle but did not affect earlier stages of differentiation of cells in the macrophage lineage. The mutation reduced age-related muscle fibrosis, which is consistent with the reduction of M2-biased macrophages, and reduced expression of the pro-fibrotic enzyme arginase. Most importantly, the mutation prevented sarcopenia. Together, our observations indicate that intramuscular, M2-biased macrophages play significant roles in promoting detrimental, age-related changes in muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Molecular, Cellular & Integrative Physiology ProgramUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Steven S. Welc
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & PhysiologyIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal HealthIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | | | - Ying Kong
- Molecular, Cellular & Integrative Physiology ProgramUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLAUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Connor Thomas
- Department of Integrative Biology and PhysiologyUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Enca Montecino‐Rodriguez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLAUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kenneth Dorshkind
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLAUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - James G. Tidball
- Molecular, Cellular & Integrative Physiology ProgramUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Integrative Biology and PhysiologyUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLAUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
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17
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Nascimento MT, Cordeiro RSO, Abreu C, Santos CP, Peixoto F, Duarte GA, Cardoso T, de Oliveira CI, Carvalho E, Carvalho LP. Pioglitazone, a Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Agonist, Downregulates the Inflammatory Response in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Patients Without Interfering in Leishmania braziliensis Killing by Monocytes. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:884237. [PMID: 35909958 PMCID: PMC9329526 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.884237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) due to Leishmania braziliensis infection have an exacerbated inflammatory response associated with tissue damage and ulcer development. An increase in the rate of patients who fail therapy with pentavalent antimony has been documented. An adjuvant therapy with an anti-inflammatory drug with the potential of Leishmania killing would benefit CL patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the contribution of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) activation by pioglitazone in the regulation of the inflammatory response and L. braziliensis killing by monocytes. Pioglitazone is an oral drug used in the treatment of diabetes, and its main mechanism of action is through the activation of PPAR-γ, which is expressed in many cell types of the immune response. We found that activation of PPAR-γ by pioglitazone decreases the inflammatory response in CL patients without affecting L. braziliensis killing by monocytes. Our data suggest that pioglitazone may serve as an adjunctive treatment for CL caused by L. braziliensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurício T. Nascimento
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
- Serviço de Imunologia, Complexo Hospitalar Prof. Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Ravena S. O. Cordeiro
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Cayo Abreu
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Camila P. Santos
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Fábio Peixoto
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Gabriela A. Duarte
- Laboratório de Enfermidades Infecciosas Transmitidas por Vetores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Thiago Cardoso
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
- Serviço de Imunologia, Complexo Hospitalar Prof. Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Camila I. de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Laboratório de Enfermidades Infecciosas Transmitidas por Vetores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
- Ministério de Ciências e Tecnologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia-Doenças Tropicais, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Edgar M. Carvalho
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
- Serviço de Imunologia, Complexo Hospitalar Prof. Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Ministério de Ciências e Tecnologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia-Doenças Tropicais, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Lucas P. Carvalho
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Clínicas, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
- Serviço de Imunologia, Complexo Hospitalar Prof. Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Ministério de Ciências e Tecnologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciências e Tecnologia-Doenças Tropicais, Salvador, Brazil
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18
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Espinosa Gonzalez M, Volk-Draper L, Bhattarai N, Wilber A, Ran S. Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-13, and IL-10 promote differentiation of pro-lymphatic progenitors derived from bone marrow myeloid precursors. Stem Cells Dev 2022; 31:322-333. [PMID: 35442077 PMCID: PMC9232236 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2022.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-lymphatic endothelial cell progenitors (M-LECP) are a subset of bone marrow (BM)-derived cells characterized by expression of M2-type macrophage markers. We previously showed significant contribution of M-LECP to tumor lymphatic formation and metastasis in human clinical breast tumors and corresponding mouse models. Since M2-type is induced in macrophages by immunosuppressive Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-13, and IL-10, we hypothesized that these factors might promote pro-lymphatic specification of M-LECP during their differentiation from BM myeloid precursors. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed expression of Th2 cytokines and their receptors in mouse BM cells under conditions leading to M-LECP differentiation, namely, CSF-1 treatment followed by activation of TLR4. We found that under these conditions, all three Th2 receptors were strongly upregulated in >95% of the cells that also secrete endogenous IL-10 but not IL-4 or IL-13 ligands. However, addition of any of the Th2 factors to CSF-1 primed cells significantly increased generation of myeloid-lymphatic progenitors as indicated by co-induction of lymphatic-specific (e.g., Lyve-1, integrin-a9, collectin-12, and stabilin-1) and M2-type markers (e.g., CD163, CD204, CD206, and PD-L1). Antibody-mediated blockade of either IL-10 receptor (IL-10R) or IL-10 ligand significantly reduced both immunosuppressive and lymphatic phenotypes. Moreover, tumor-recruited Lyve-1+ lymphatic progenitors in vivo expressed all Th2 receptors as well as corresponding ligands including IL-4 and IL-13 that were absent in BM cells. This study presents original evidence for the significant role of Th2 cytokines in co-development of immunosuppressive and lymphatic phenotypes in tumor-recruited M2-type myeloid cells. Progenitor-mediated increase in lymphatic vessels can enhance immunosuppression by physical removal of stimulatory immune cells. Thus, targeting Th2 pathways might simultaneously relieve immunosuppression and inhibit differentiation of pro-lymphatic progenitors that ultimately promote tumor spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Espinosa Gonzalez
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 12249, Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Springfield, Illinois, United States;
| | - Lisa Volk-Draper
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 12249, Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Springfield, Illinois, United States;
| | - Nihit Bhattarai
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 12249, Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Springfield, Illinois, United States;
| | - Andrew Wilber
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Springfield, Illinois, United States;
| | - Sophia Ran
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 12249, Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, 801 N. Rutledge, P.O. Box 19626, Springfield, Illinois, United States, 62794;
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19
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Ortmayr G, Brunnthaler L, Pereyra D, Huber H, Santol J, Rumpf B, Najarnia S, Smoot R, Ammon D, Sorz T, Fritsch F, Schodl M, Voill-Glaninger A, Weitmayr B, Födinger M, Klimpfinger M, Gruenberger T, Assinger A, Mikulits W, Starlinger P. Immunological Aspects of AXL/GAS-6 in the Context of Human Liver Regeneration. Hepatol Commun 2022; 6:576-592. [PMID: 34951136 PMCID: PMC8870037 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AXL and its corresponding ligand growth arrest-specific 6 (GAS-6) are critically involved in hepatic immunomodulation and regenerative processes. Pleiotropic inhibitory effects on innate inflammatory responses might essentially involve the shift of macrophage phenotype from a pro-inflammatory M1 to an anti-inflammatory M2. We aimed to assess the relevance of the AXL/GAS-6-pathway in human liver regeneration and, consequently, its association with clinical outcome after hepatic resection. Soluble AXL (sAXL) and GAS-6 levels were analyzed at preoperative and postoperative stages in 154 patients undergoing partial hepatectomy and correlated with clinical outcome. Perioperative dynamics of interleukin (IL)-6, soluble tyrosine-protein kinase MER (sMerTK), soluble CD163 (sCD163), and cytokeratin (CK) 18 were assessed to reflect pathophysiological processes. Preoperatively elevated sAXL and GAS-6 levels predicted postoperative liver dysfunction (area under the curve = 0.721 and 0.722; P < 0.005) and worse clinical outcome. These patients failed to respond with an immediate increase of sAXL and GAS-6 upon induction of liver regeneration. Abolished AXL pathway response resulted in a restricted increase of sCD163, suggesting a disrupted phenotypical switch to regeneratory M2 macrophages. No association with sMerTK was observed. Concomitantly, a distinct association of IL-6 levels with an absent increase of AXL/GAS-6 signaling indicated pronounced postoperative inflammation. This was further supported by increased intrahepatic secondary necrosis as reflected by CK18M65. sAXL and GAS-6 represent not only potent and easily accessible preoperative biomarkers for the postoperative outcome but also AXL/GAS-6 signaling might be of critical relevance in human liver regeneration. Refractory AXL/GAS-6 signaling, due to chronic overactivation/stimulation in the context of underlying liver disease, appears to abolish their immediate release following induction of liver regeneration, causing overwhelming immune activation, presumably via intrahepatic immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Ortmayr
- Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaGeneral HospitalViennaAustria
| | - Laura Brunnthaler
- Center of Physiology and PharmacologyInstitute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis ResearchMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - David Pereyra
- Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaGeneral HospitalViennaAustria.,Center of Physiology and PharmacologyInstitute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis ResearchMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Heidemarie Huber
- Department of Medicine IInstitute of Cancer ResearchComprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Jonas Santol
- Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaGeneral HospitalViennaAustria
| | - Benedikt Rumpf
- Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaGeneral HospitalViennaAustria
| | - Sina Najarnia
- Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaGeneral HospitalViennaAustria
| | - Rory Smoot
- Department of SurgeryMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - Daphni Ammon
- Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaGeneral HospitalViennaAustria
| | - Thomas Sorz
- Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaGeneral HospitalViennaAustria
| | - Fabian Fritsch
- Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaGeneral HospitalViennaAustria
| | - Michael Schodl
- Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaGeneral HospitalViennaAustria
| | - Astrid Voill-Glaninger
- Department of Laboratory MedicineViennese Health Network, Clinic LandstraßeViennaAustria
| | - Barbara Weitmayr
- Department of PathologyViennese Health Network, Clinic LandstraßeViennaAustria
| | - Manuela Födinger
- Department of Laboratory MedicineViennese Health NetworkClinic FavoritenViennaAustria
| | - Martin Klimpfinger
- Department of PathologyViennese Health NetworkClinic FavoritenViennaAustria
| | - Thomas Gruenberger
- Department of SurgeryHPB Center, Viennese Health Network, Clinic Favoriten and Sigmund Freud Private UniversityViennaAustria
| | - Alice Assinger
- Center of Physiology and PharmacologyInstitute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis ResearchMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Wolfgang Mikulits
- Department of Medicine IInstitute of Cancer ResearchComprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Patrick Starlinger
- Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaGeneral HospitalViennaAustria.,Department of SurgeryMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
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20
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Ahamada MM, Jia Y, Wu X. Macrophage Polarization and Plasticity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2022; 12:734008. [PMID: 34987500 PMCID: PMC8721097 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.734008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that attacks almost every organ. The condition mostly happens to adults but is also found in children, and the latter have the most severe manifestations. Among adults, females, especially non-Caucasian, are mostly affected. Even if the etiology of SLE remains unclear, studies show a close relation between this disease and both genetics and environment. Despite the large number of published articles about SLE, we still do not have a clear picture of its pathogenesis, and no specific drug has been found to treat this condition effectively. The implication of macrophages in SLE development is gaining ground, and studying it could answer these gaps. Indeed, both in vivo and in vitro studies increasingly report a strong link between this disease and macrophages. Hence, this review aims to explore the role of macrophages polarization and plasticity in SLE development. Understanding this role is of paramount importance because in-depth knowledge of the connection between macrophages and this systemic disease could clarify its pathogenesis and provide a foundation for macrophage-centered therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariame Mohamed Ahamada
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Jia
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaochuan Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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21
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Fan X, Zhang X, Liu LC, Kim AY, Curley SP, Chen X, Dworkin LD, Cooper CJ, Gupta R. Interleukin-10 attenuates renal injury after myocardial infarction in diabetes. J Investig Med 2022; 70:1233-1242. [PMID: 35140126 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-002008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after myocardial infarction (MI) and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. AKI after MI occurs more frequently in patients with diabetes, however, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood, and specific treatments are lacking. Using the murine MI model, we show that diabetic mice had higher expression of the kidney injury marker, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), 3 days after MI compared with control mice. This higher expression of NGAL was still significant after controlling for differences in myocardial infarct size between diabetic and control mice. Prior data demonstrate increased cell-free hemoglobin after MI in diabetic mice. Therefore, we investigated heme clearance components, including heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and CD163, in the kidneys and found that both HO-1 and CD163 were dysregulated in diabetic mice pre-MI and post-MI. Significantly higher levels of urine iron were also observed in diabetic mice compared with control mice after MI. Next, the renal protective effect of interleukin 10 (IL-10) after MI was tested in diabetic MI. IL-10 treatment demonstrated multiple protective effects after diabetic MI including reduction in acute renal inflammation, upregulation of renal heme clearance pathways, attenuation of chronic renal fibrosis, and reduction in albuminuria after diabetic MI. In vitro, IL-10 potentiated hemoglobin-induced HO-1 expression in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages and renal proximal tubule (HK-2) cells. Furthermore, IL-10 reduced hemoglobin-induced reactive oxygen species in HK-2 cells and collagen synthesis in mouse embryonic fibroblast cells. We conclude that impaired renal heme clearance pathways in diabetes contribute to AKI after MI, and IL-10 attenuates renal injury after diabetic MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Fan
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo - Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo - Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Lijun C Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo - Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Annes Y Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo - Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Sean P Curley
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo - Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiaohuan Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo - Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Lance D Dworkin
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo - Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Christopher J Cooper
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo - Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Rajesh Gupta
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo - Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio, USA
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22
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Hyperglycemia Induces Inflammatory Response of Human Macrophages to CD163-Mediated Scavenging of Hemoglobin-Haptoglobin Complexes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031385. [PMID: 35163309 PMCID: PMC8836198 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia, a hallmark of diabetes, can induce inflammatory programming of macrophages. The macrophage scavenger receptor CD163 internalizes and degrades hemoglobin-haptoglobin (Hb-Hp) complexes built due to intravascular hemolysis. Clinical studies have demonstrated a correlation between impaired scavenging of Hb-Hp complexes via CD163 and diabetic vascular complications. Our aim was to identify whether hyperglycemia is able to amplify inflammation via Hb-Hp complex interactions with the immune system. M(IFNγ), M(IL-4), and control M0 macrophages were differentiated out of primary human monocytes in normo- (5 mM) and hyperglycemic (25 mM) conditions. CD163 gene expression was decreased 5.53 times in M(IFNγ) with a further decrease of 1.99 times in hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia suppressed CD163 surface expression in M(IFNγ) (1.43 times). Flow cytometry demonstrated no impairment of Hb-Hp uptake in hyperglycemia. However, hyperglycemia induced an inflammatory response of M(IFNγ) to Hb-Hp1-1 and Hb-Hp2-2 uptake with different dynamics. Hb-Hp1-1 uptake stimulated IL-6 release (3.03 times) after 6 h but suppressed secretion (5.78 times) after 24 h. Contrarily, Hb-Hp2-2 uptake did not affect IL-6 release after 6h but increased secretion after 24 h (3.06 times). Our data show that hyperglycemia induces an inflammatory response of innate immune cells to Hb-Hp1-1 and Hb-Hp2-2 uptake, converting the silent Hb-Hp complex clearance that prevents vascular damage into an inflammatory process, hereby increasing the susceptibility of diabetic patients to vascular complications.
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23
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Mooney JP, DonVito SM, Jahateh M, Bittaye H, Keith M, Galloway LJ, Ndow M, Cunnington AJ, D'Alessandro U, Bottomley C, Riley EM. 'Bouncing Back' From Subclinical Malaria: Inflammation and Erythrocytosis After Resolution of P. falciparum Infection in Gambian Children. Front Immunol 2022; 13:780525. [PMID: 35154104 PMCID: PMC8831762 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.780525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent malaria is associated with an increased risk of systemic bacterial infection. The aetiology of this association is unclear but malaria-related haemolysis may be one contributory factor. To characterise the physiological consequences of persistent and recently resolved malaria infections and associated haemolysis, 1650 healthy Gambian children aged 8-15 years were screened for P. falciparum infection (by 18sRNA PCR) and/or anaemia (by haematocrit) at the end of the annual malaria transmission season (t1). P. falciparum-infected children and children with moderate or severe anaemia (haemoglobin concentration < 11g/dl) were age matched to healthy, uninfected, non-anaemic controls and screened again 2 months later (t2). Persistently infected children (PCR positive at t1 and t2) had stable parasite burdens and did not differ significantly haematologically or in terms of proinflammatory markers from healthy, uninfected children. However, among persistently infected children, IL-10 concentrations were positively correlated with parasite density suggesting a tolerogenic response to persistent infection. By contrast, children who naturally resolved their infections (positive at t1 and negative at t2) exhibited mild erythrocytosis and concentrations of pro-inflammatory markers were raised compared to other groups of children. These findings shed light on a 'resetting' and potential overshoot of the homeostatic haematological response following resolution of malaria infection. Interestingly, the majority of parameters tested were highly heterogeneous in uninfected children, suggesting that some may be harbouring cryptic malaria or other infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason P Mooney
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sophia M DonVito
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Maimuna Jahateh
- Medical Research Council Unit in The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia
| | - Haddy Bittaye
- Medical Research Council Unit in The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia
| | - Marianne Keith
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Lauren J Galloway
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mortala Ndow
- Medical Research Council Unit in The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia
| | - Aubrey J Cunnington
- Section of Paediatric Infectious Disease, Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Umberto D'Alessandro
- Medical Research Council Unit in The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia
| | - Christian Bottomley
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eleanor M Riley
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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24
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Wu CY, Yang HY, Huang JL, Lai JH. Signals and Mechanisms Regulating Monocyte and Macrophage Activation in the Pathogenesis of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157960. [PMID: 34360720 PMCID: PMC8347893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes (Mos) and macrophages (Mφs) are key players in the innate immune system and are critical in coordinating the initiation, expansion, and regression of many autoimmune diseases. In addition, they display immunoregulatory effects that impact inflammation and are essential in tissue repair and regeneration. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is an umbrella term describing inflammatory joint diseases in children. Accumulated evidence suggests a link between Mo and Mφ activation and JIA pathogenesis. Accordingly, topics regarding the signals and mechanisms regulating Mo and Mφ activation leading to pathologies in patients with JIA are of great interest. In this review, we critically summarize recent advances in the understanding of how Mo and Mφ activation is involved in JIA pathogenesis and focus on the signaling pathways and mechanisms participating in the related cell activation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yi Wu
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-Y.W.); (J.-L.H.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Huang-Yu Yang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Long Huang
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-Y.W.); (J.-L.H.)
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Department of Pediatrics, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City 236, Taiwan
| | - Jenn-Haung Lai
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- National Defense Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +886-2-8791-8382
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25
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Macrophage Polarization in the Skin Lesion Caused by Neotropical Species of Leishmania sp. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:5596876. [PMID: 33937417 PMCID: PMC8055412 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5596876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play important roles in the innate and acquired immune responses against Leishmania parasites. Depending on the subset and activation status, macrophages may eliminate intracellular parasites; however, these host cells also can offer a safe environment for Leishmania replication. In this sense, the fate of the parasite may be influenced by the phenotype of the infected macrophage, linked to the subtype of classically activated (M1) or alternatively activated (M2) macrophages. In the present study, M1 and M2 macrophage subsets were analyzed by double-staining immunohistochemistry in skin biopsies from patients with American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) caused by L. (L.) amazonensis, L. (V.) braziliensis, L. (V.) panamensis ,and L. (L.) infantum chagasi. High number of M1 macrophages was detected in nonulcerated cutaneous leishmaniasis (NUCL) caused by L. (L.) infantum chagasi (M1 = 112 ± 12, M2 = 43 ± 12 cells/mm2). On the other side, high density of M2 macrophages was observed in the skin lesions of patients with anergic diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (ADCL) (M1 = 195 ± 25, M2 = 616 ± 114), followed by cases of localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) caused by L. (L.) amazonensis (M1 = 97 ± 24, M2 = 219 ± 29), L. (V.) panamensis (M1 = 71 ± 14, M2 = 164 ± 14), and L. (V.) braziliensis (M1 = 50 ± 13, M2 = 53 ± 10); however, low density of M2 macrophages was observed in NUCL. The data presented herein show the polarization of macrophages in skin lesions caused by different Leishmania species that may be related with the outcome of the disease.
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26
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Frosch J, Leontari I, Anderson J. Combined Effects of Myeloid Cells in the Neuroblastoma Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1743. [PMID: 33917501 PMCID: PMC8038814 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite multimodal treatment, survival chances for high-risk neuroblastoma patients remain poor. Immunotherapeutic approaches focusing on the activation and/or modification of host immunity for eliminating tumor cells, such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, are currently in development, however clinical trials have failed to reproduce the preclinical results. The tumor microenvironment is emerging as a major contributor to immune suppression and tumor evasion in solid cancers and thus has to be overcome for therapies relying on a functional immune response. Among the cellular components of the neuroblastoma tumor microenvironment, suppressive myeloid cells have been described as key players in inhibition of antitumor immune responses and have been shown to positively correlate with more aggressive disease, resistance to treatments, and overall poor prognosis. This review article summarizes how neuroblastoma-driven inflammation induces suppressive myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment and how they in turn sustain the tumor niche through suppressor functions, such as nutrient depletion and generation of oxidative stress. Numerous preclinical studies have suggested a range of drug and cellular therapy approaches to overcome myeloid-derived suppression in neuroblastoma that warrant evaluation in future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John Anderson
- UCL Institute of Child Health, Developmental Biology and Cancer Section, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK; (J.F.); (I.L.)
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27
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Liu C, Martins AJ, Lau WW, Rachmaninoff N, Chen J, Imberti L, Mostaghimi D, Fink DL, Burbelo PD, Dobbs K, Delmonte OM, Bansal N, Failla L, Sottini A, Quiros-Roldan E, Han KL, Sellers BA, Cheung F, Sparks R, Chun TW, Moir S, Lionakis MS, Rossi C, Su HC, Kuhns DB, Cohen JI, Notarangelo LD, Tsang JS. Time-resolved systems immunology reveals a late juncture linked to fatal COVID-19. Cell 2021; 184:1836-1857.e22. [PMID: 33713619 PMCID: PMC7874909 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 exhibits extensive patient-to-patient heterogeneity. To link immune response variation to disease severity and outcome over time, we longitudinally assessed circulating proteins as well as 188 surface protein markers, transcriptome, and T cell receptor sequence simultaneously in single peripheral immune cells from COVID-19 patients. Conditional-independence network analysis revealed primary correlates of disease severity, including gene expression signatures of apoptosis in plasmacytoid dendritic cells and attenuated inflammation but increased fatty acid metabolism in CD56dimCD16hi NK cells linked positively to circulating interleukin (IL)-15. CD8+ T cell activation was apparent without signs of exhaustion. Although cellular inflammation was depressed in severe patients early after hospitalization, it became elevated by days 17-23 post symptom onset, suggestive of a late wave of inflammatory responses. Furthermore, circulating protein trajectories at this time were divergent between and predictive of recovery versus fatal outcomes. Our findings stress the importance of timing in the analysis, clinical monitoring, and therapeutic intervention of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Liu
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Andrew J Martins
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - William W Lau
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Office of Intramural Research, CIT, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nicholas Rachmaninoff
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Jinguo Chen
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Luisa Imberti
- CREA Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy
| | - Darius Mostaghimi
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Danielle L Fink
- Neutrophil Monitoring Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 20701, USA
| | - Peter D Burbelo
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kerry Dobbs
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ottavia M Delmonte
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Neha Bansal
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Laura Failla
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alessandra Sottini
- CREA Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy
| | - Eugenia Quiros-Roldan
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy
| | - Kyu Lee Han
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Brian A Sellers
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Foo Cheung
- NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rachel Sparks
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tae-Wook Chun
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Susan Moir
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michail S Lionakis
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Camillo Rossi
- ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy
| | - Helen C Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Douglas B Kuhns
- Neutrophil Monitoring Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 20701, USA
| | - Jeffrey I Cohen
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John S Tsang
- Multiscale Systems Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; NIH Center for Human Immunology, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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28
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Abji F, Rasti M, Gómez-Aristizábal A, Muytjens C, Saifeddine M, Mihara K, Motahhari M, Gandhi R, Viswanathan S, Hollenberg MD, Oikonomopoulou K, Chandran V. Proteinase-Mediated Macrophage Signaling in Psoriatic Arthritis. Front Immunol 2021; 11:629726. [PMID: 33763056 PMCID: PMC7982406 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.629726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Multiple proteinases are present in the synovial fluid (SF) of an arthritic joint. We aimed to identify inflammatory cell populations present in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) SF compared to osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), identify their proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) signaling function and characterize potentially active SF serine proteinases that may be PAR2 activators. Methods Flow cytometry was used to characterize SF cells from PsA, RA, OA patients; PsA SF cells were further characterized by single cell 3’-RNA-sequencing. Active serine proteinases were identified through cleavage of fluorogenic trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like substrates, activity-based probe analysis and proteomics. Fluo-4 AM was used to monitor intracellular calcium cell signaling. Cytokine expression was evaluated using a multiplex Luminex panel. Results PsA SF cells were dominated by monocytes/macrophages, which consisted of three populations representing classical, non-classical and intermediate cells. The classical monocytes/macrophages were reduced in PsA compared to OA/RA, whilst the intermediate population was increased. PAR2 was elevated in OA vs. PsA/RA SF monocytes/macrophages, particularly in the intermediate population. PAR2 expression and signaling in primary PsA monocytes/macrophages significantly impacted the production of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Trypsin-like serine proteinase activity was elevated in PsA and RA SF compared to OA, while chymotrypsin-like activity was elevated in RA compared to PsA. Tryptase-6 was identified as an active serine proteinase in SF that could trigger calcium signaling partially via PAR2. Conclusion PAR2 and its activating proteinases, including tryptase-6, can be important mediators of inflammation in PsA. Components within this proteinase-receptor axis may represent novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Abji
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mozhgan Rasti
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Carla Muytjens
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Saifeddine
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Koichiro Mihara
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Majid Motahhari
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Rajiv Gandhi
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sowmya Viswanathan
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Morley D Hollenberg
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Katerina Oikonomopoulou
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vinod Chandran
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
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29
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Immunological Aspects of Age-Related Macular Degeneration. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1256:143-189. [PMID: 33848001 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-66014-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence over the past two decades points to a pivotal role for immune mechanisms in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) pathobiology. In this chapter, we will explore immunological aspects of AMD, with a specific focus on how immune mechanisms modulate clinical phenotypes of disease and severity and how components of the immune system may serve as triggers for disease progression in both dry and neovascular AMD. We will briefly review the biology of the immune system, defining the role of immune mechanisms in chronic degenerative disease and differentiating from immune responses to acute injury or infection. We will explore current understanding of the roles of innate immunity (especially macrophages), antigen-specific immunity (T cells, B cells, and autoimmunity), immune amplifications systems, especially complement activity and the NLRP3 inflammasome, in the pathogenesis of both dry and neovascular AMD, reviewing data from pathology, experimental animal models, and clinical studies of AMD patients. We will also assess how interactions between the immune system and infectious pathogens could potentially modulate AMD pathobiology via alterations in in immune effector mechanisms. We will conclude by reviewing the paradigm of "response to injury," which provides a means to integrate various immunologic mechanisms along with nonimmune mechanisms of tissue injury and repair as a model to understand the pathobiology of AMD.
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Yin XR, Liu P, Xu X, Xia Y, Huang KZ, Wang QD, Lai MM, Yu QG, Zheng XQ. Elevated plasma phage load as a marker for intestinal permeability in leukemic patients. Med Microbiol Immunol 2020; 209:693-703. [PMID: 32995957 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-020-00694-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Microbial translocation (MT) and altered gut microbiota have been described in acute leukemic patients and contribute to immune activation and inflammation. However, phage translocation has not been investigated in leukemia patients yet. We recruited 44 leukemic patients and 52 healthy adults and quantified the levels of 3 phages in peripheral blood, which were the most positive phages screened from fecal samples. The content of 16S rRNA in plasma was detected by qPCR to assess the intestinal mucosa of these patients. Spearman's rank correlation was used to analyze the relationship between phage load and the relevant clinical data. We found the most prevalent phages in fecal samples were λ phage, Wphi phage, and P22 phage, and λ phage had the highest detection rate in plasma (68%). Phage content was affected by chemotherapy and course of disease and correlated with the levels of CRP (r = 0.43, p = 0.003), sCD14 (r = 0.37, p = 0.014), and sCD163 (r = 0.44, p = 0.003). Our data indicate that plasma phage load is a promising marker for gut barrier damage and that gut phage translocation correlates with monocyte/macrophage activation and systemic inflammatory response in leukemic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Rui Yin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.,Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Xi Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Xia
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kai-Zhao Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiong-Dan Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mei-Mei Lai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qi-Gui Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Xiao-Qun Zheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China. .,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, The Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Room 327, Tongren Building, Chashan, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
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31
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Huang C, Zhu J, Wang L, Chu A, Yin Y, Vali K, Garmendia A, Tang Y. Cryptotanshinone protects porcine alveolar macrophages from infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Antiviral Res 2020; 183:104937. [PMID: 32961199 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), caused by PRRS virus (PRRSV) infection, imposes enormous economic impact to the world pork industry. Currently there is no effective treatment to prevent PRRSV infection in swine. We report that the natural compound cryptotanshinone (Cpt) effectively inhibits the infection of various strains of PRRSV to porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs), the primary cell target of PRRSV in vivo. Mechanistically, Cpt inhibits the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and blocks the interleukin 10 (IL-10) stimulated as well as the basal level CD163 expression in PAMs. Cpt-treatment of PAMs is effective when applied either before or after PRRSV infection, with the combined pre- and post-PRRSV infection treatment resulting in the most significant, dose-dependent inhibition of PRRSV infection. Cpt inhibited both type I/II PRRSV infection in PAMs. Our study identified a new approach to prevent/treat PRRSV infection of pigs with natural compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Huang
- Department of Animal Science, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, 1390 Storrs Rd, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- Department of Animal Science, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, 1390 Storrs Rd, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Animal Science, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, 1390 Storrs Rd, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Alexander Chu
- Department of Animal Science, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, 1390 Storrs Rd, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Yexuan Yin
- Department of Animal Science, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, 1390 Storrs Rd, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Kaneha Vali
- Department of Animal Science, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, 1390 Storrs Rd, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Antonio Garmendia
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Sciences, University of Connecticut, 61 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
| | - Young Tang
- Department of Animal Science, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, 1390 Storrs Rd, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
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Gupta R, Liu L, Zhang X, Fan X, Krishnamurthy P, Verma S, Tongers J, Misener S, Ashcherkin N, Sun H, Tian J, Kishore R. IL-10 provides cardioprotection in diabetic myocardial infarction via upregulation of Heme clearance pathways. JCI Insight 2020; 5:133050. [PMID: 32879134 PMCID: PMC7526458 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.133050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a risk factor for myocardial infarction, and outcomes after myocardial infarction are worse among diabetics compared with nondiabetics. Diabetes is associated with impaired Heme clearance. Here, we determined whether heme toxicity and impaired heme clearance contribute to diabetic myocardial infarction injury and assessed IL-10 as a therapeutic agent for diabetic myocardial infarction. Plasma-free hemoglobin was significantly elevated in diabetic mice compared with nondiabetic mice after myocardial infarction. Infarct size had strong correlation to the level of plasma-free hemoglobin. Hemoglobin and reactive iron deposition within the infarct zone were also demonstrated in diabetic MI. IL-10 significantly reduced infarct size and improved cardiac function in diabetic mice. Moreover, IL-10 improved capillary density, reduced apoptosis, and decreased inflammation in the border zone of the infarcted hearts, findings that were partially inhibited by Tin protoporphyrin (a heme oxygenase-1 inhibitor). IL-10 upregulated CD163, the hemoglobin:haptoglobin scavenger receptor, and heme oxygenase-1 in THP-1-derived and primary human CD14+ macrophages. IL-10 significantly protected against ischemic injury when HL-1 cardiomyocytes were cotreated with hemoglobin. Together, our findings indicate that IL-10 is cardioprotective in diabetic myocardial infarction via upregulation of heme clearance pathways. These findings implicate heme clearance as a potentially novel therapeutic direction for diabetic myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Gupta
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lijun Liu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiaoming Fan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Prasanna Krishnamurthy
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and
| | - Suresh Verma
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jörn Tongers
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Mid-German Heart Center, Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Halle, Martin-Luther-University, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sol Misener
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Nikita Ashcherkin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Hongliu Sun
- Department of Pathology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Jiang Tian
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Raj Kishore
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Frafjord A, Skarshaug R, Hammarström C, Stankovic B, Dorg LT, Aamodt H, Woldbaek PR, Helland Å, Brustugun OT, Øynebråten I, Corthay A. Antibody combinations for optimized staining of macrophages in human lung tumours. Scand J Immunol 2020; 92:e12889. [PMID: 32299134 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) has a high potential to predict cancer recurrence and response to immunotherapy. However, the heterogeneity of TAMs poses a challenge for quantitative and qualitative measurements. Here, we critically evaluated by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry two commonly used pan-macrophage markers (CD14 and CD68) as well as some suggested markers for tumour-promoting M2 macrophages (CD163, CD204, CD206 and CD209) in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Tumour, non-cancerous lung tissue and blood were investigated. For immunohistochemistry, CD68 was confirmed to be a useful pan-macrophage marker although careful selection of antibody was found to be critical. The widely used anti-CD68 antibody clone KP-1 stains both macrophages and neutrophils, which is problematic for TAM quantification because lung tumours contain many neutrophils. For TAM counting in tumour sections, we recommend combined labelling of CD68 with a cell membrane marker such as CD14, CD163 or CD206. In flow cytometry, the commonly used combination of CD14 and HLA-DR was found to not be optimal because some TAMs do not express CD14. Instead, combined staining of CD68 and HLA-DR is preferable to gate all TAMs. Concerning macrophage phenotypic markers, the scavenger receptor CD163 was found to be expressed by a substantial fraction (50%-86%) of TAMs with a large patient-to-patient variation. Approximately 50% of TAMs were positive for CD206. Surprisingly, there was no clear overlap between CD163 and CD206 positivity, and three distinct TAM sub-populations were identified in NSCLC tumours: CD163+ CD206+ , CD163+ CD206- and CD163- CD206- . This work should help develop macrophage-based prognostic tools for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astri Frafjord
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Renate Skarshaug
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Clara Hammarström
- Department of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Branislava Stankovic
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Linda T Dorg
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Henrik Aamodt
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ullevål Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Reidar Woldbaek
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ullevål Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Åslaug Helland
- Department of Oncology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Odd Terje Brustugun
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Section of Oncology, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Health Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Inger Øynebråten
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alexandre Corthay
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Hybrid Technology Hub - Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Sapudom J, Mohamed WKE, Garcia-Sabaté A, Alatoom A, Karaman S, Mahtani N, Teo JCM. Collagen Fibril Density Modulates Macrophage Activation and Cellular Functions during Tissue Repair. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:E33. [PMID: 32244521 PMCID: PMC7356036 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes circulate in the bloodstream, extravasate into the tissue and differentiate into specific macrophage phenotypes to fulfill the immunological needs of tissues. During the tissue repair process, tissue density transits from loose to dense tissue. However, little is known on how changes in tissue density affects macrophage activation and their cellular functions. In this work, monocytic cell line THP-1 cells were embedded in three-dimensional (3D) collagen matrices with different fibril density and were then differentiated into uncommitted macrophages (MPMA) using phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). MPMA macrophages were subsequently activated into pro-inflammatory macrophages (MLPS/IFNγ) and anti-inflammatory macrophages (MIL-4/IL-13) using lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma (IFNγ), and interleukin 4 (IL-4) and IL-13, respectively. Although analysis of cell surface markers, on both gene and protein levels, was inconclusive, cytokine secretion profiles, however, demonstrated differences in macrophage phenotype. In the presence of differentiation activators, MLPS/IFNγ secreted high amounts of IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), while M0PMA secreted similar cytokines to MIL-4/IL-13, but low IL-8. After removing the activators and further culture for 3 days in fresh cell culture media, the secretion of IL-6 was found in high concentrations by MIL-4/IL-13, followed by MLPS/IFNγ and MPMA. Interestingly, the secretion of cytokines is enhanced with an increase of fibril density. Through the investigation of macrophage-associated functions during tissue repair, we demonstrated that M1LPS/IFNγ has the potential to enhance monocyte infiltration into tissue, while MIL-4/IL-13 supported fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts via transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) in dependence of fibril density, suggesting a M2a-like phenotype. Overall, our results suggest that collagen fibril density can modulate macrophage response to favor tissue functions. Understanding of immune response in such complex 3D microenvironments will contribute to the novel therapeutic strategies for improving tissue repair, as well as guidance of the design of immune-modulated materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiranuwat Sapudom
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, UAE; (J.S.); (W.K.E.M.); (A.G.-S.); (A.A.); (S.K.); (N.M.)
| | - Walaa Kamal E. Mohamed
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, UAE; (J.S.); (W.K.E.M.); (A.G.-S.); (A.A.); (S.K.); (N.M.)
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Garcia-Sabaté
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, UAE; (J.S.); (W.K.E.M.); (A.G.-S.); (A.A.); (S.K.); (N.M.)
| | - Aseel Alatoom
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, UAE; (J.S.); (W.K.E.M.); (A.G.-S.); (A.A.); (S.K.); (N.M.)
| | - Shaza Karaman
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, UAE; (J.S.); (W.K.E.M.); (A.G.-S.); (A.A.); (S.K.); (N.M.)
| | - Nikhil Mahtani
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, UAE; (J.S.); (W.K.E.M.); (A.G.-S.); (A.A.); (S.K.); (N.M.)
| | - Jeremy C. M. Teo
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, UAE; (J.S.); (W.K.E.M.); (A.G.-S.); (A.A.); (S.K.); (N.M.)
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
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Fischer-Riepe L, Daber N, Schulte-Schrepping J, Véras De Carvalho BC, Russo A, Pohlen M, Fischer J, Chasan AI, Wolf M, Ulas T, Glander S, Schulz C, Skryabin B, Wollbrink Dipl-Ing A, Steingraeber N, Stremmel C, Koehle M, Gärtner F, Vettorazzi S, Holzinger D, Gross J, Rosenbauer F, Stoll M, Niemann S, Tuckermann J, Schultze JL, Roth J, Barczyk-Kahlert K. CD163 expression defines specific, IRF8-dependent, immune-modulatory macrophages in the bone marrow. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 146:1137-1151. [PMID: 32199911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scavenger receptor CD163 is exclusively expressed on monocytes/macrophages and is widely used as a marker for alternatively activated macrophages. However, the role of CD163 is not yet clear. OBJECTIVES We sought to examine the function of CD163 in steady-state as well as in sterile and infectious inflammation. METHODS Expression of CD163 was analyzed under normal and inflammatory conditions in mice. Functional relevance of CD163 was investigated in models of inflammation in wild-type and CD163-/- mice. RESULTS We describe a subpopulation of bone marrow-resident macrophages (BMRMs) characterized by a high expression of CD163 and functionally distinct from classical bone marrow-derived macrophages. Development of CD163+ BMRMs is strictly dependent on IFN regulatory factor-8. CD163+ BMRMs show a specific transcriptome and cytokine secretion pattern demonstrating a specific immunomodulatory profile of these cells. Accordingly, CD163-/- mice show a stronger inflammation in allergic contact dermatitis, indicating a regulatory role of CD163. However, CD163-/- mice are highly susceptible to S aureus infections, demonstrating the relevance of CD163 for antimicrobial defense as well. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive mechanisms are not necessarily associated with a decreased antimicrobial activity. In contrast, our data define a novel macrophage population that controls overwhelming inflammation on one hand but is also necessary for an effective control of infections on the other hand.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Niklas Daber
- Institute of Immunology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Jonas Schulte-Schrepping
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Antonella Russo
- Institute of Immunology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Michele Pohlen
- Institute of Immunology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany; Department of Medicine A, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Josephine Fischer
- Institute of Molecular Tumor Biology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | | | - Marc Wolf
- Institute of Immunology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Thomas Ulas
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Shirin Glander
- Institute of Human Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Christian Schulz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Boris Skryabin
- Department of Medicine, Transgenic Animal and Genetic Engineering Models, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | | | - Nadine Steingraeber
- Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Christopher Stremmel
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Megan Koehle
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Gärtner
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Vettorazzi
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dirk Holzinger
- Institute of Immunology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Joachim Gross
- Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignalanalysis, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Frank Rosenbauer
- Institute of Molecular Tumor Biology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Monika Stoll
- Institute of Human Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Silke Niemann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Jan Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Joachim L Schultze
- Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics (PRECISE) at the DZNE and the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Johannes Roth
- Institute of Immunology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany; Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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Isohisa T, Asai J, Kanemaru M, Arita T, Tsutsumi M, Kaneko Y, Arakawa Y, Wada M, Konishi E, Katoh N. CD163-positive macrophage infiltration predicts systemic involvement in sarcoidosis. J Cutan Pathol 2020; 47:584-591. [PMID: 32125018 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcoidosis is a chronic and systemic inflammatory disease, in which patients present with noncaseating epithelioid granulomas. Cutaneous lesions of sarcoidosis develop in 9% to 35% of all sarcoidosis patients and comprise various clinical subtypes. It usually affects multiple organs and has a variable clinical course; this is called systemic sarcoidosis (SS). However, occasionally, it only affects the skin and is then called cutaneous sarcoidosis (CS). Recent observations suggest that serum levels of soluble CD163 correlate with immune cell activity in sarcoidosis patients; however, the contribution of M1 and M2 macrophages toward disease progression remains unclear. METHODS We evaluated macrophage phenotypes histopathologically using skin biopsy samples obtained from patients with CS (n = 8) and SS (n = 31) and performed immunostaining with CD68, iNOS (M1 macrophages), PD-L1, and CD163 (M2 macrophages). RESULTS The density of CD163-positive cells in the SS group was significantly higher than that in the CS group. There was no significant correlation between the CD163 (+) cell density and serum angiotensin-converting enzyme level, serum calcium, or tuberculin reaction. CONCLUSIONS Immunostaining for CD163 may be a novel and useful marker to predict systemic involvement in patients with cutaneous lesions of epithelioid granulomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Isohisa
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jun Asai
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mai Kanemaru
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Arita
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Miho Tsutsumi
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuka Kaneko
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yukiyasu Arakawa
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Wada
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eiichi Konishi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Norito Katoh
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
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Systemic corticosteroid therapy augments ex vivo release of sCD163 by peripheral blood monocytes of asthmatic patients. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2020; 37:61-65. [PMID: 32467686 PMCID: PMC7247062 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2020.93384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The CD163 is exclusively expressed by mononuclear phagocytes as a transmembrane protein, which synthesis is regulated by anti- and pro-inflammatory signals. After shedding from the cell surface it exists in body fluids as a soluble protein (sCD163) which exerts anti-inflammatory effects. Aim To evaluate serum concentration and ex vivo production of sCD163 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in asthmatic patients treated with inhaled (ICS) or oral corticosteroids (OCS). Material and methods The study was performed on 35 allergic asthma patients (AAs) including 15 treated with ICS (ICS-AAs), 10 with OCS (OCS-AAs), 10 during asthma exacerbation (EX-AAs) before OCS had been started and 13 non-atopic healthy subjects (HCs) as a control group. PBMC were cultured in vitro for up to 144 h. The concentration of sCD163 in serum and the culture supernatants was evaluated with ELISA. Results The greatest serum sCD163 concentration was demonstrated in EX-AAs, which was significantly greater than that in other studied subgroups. The concentration of sCD163 in PBMC culture supernatants was greater in AAs than in HCs (p = 0.006). Among individual asthma subgroups the greatest concentration of sCD163 was demonstrated in PBMC culture supernatants of OCS-AAs, which was significantly greater than in ICS-AAs (p < 0.001) and EX-AAs (p < 0.001), both being significantly greater than in HCs (p < 0.001). Conclusions In AAs, enhanced capability of PBMCs to release sCD163 may be at least partially responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects of systemic corticosteroid therapy.
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Baxter EW, Graham AE, Re NA, Carr IM, Robinson JI, Mackie SL, Morgan AW. Standardized protocols for differentiation of THP-1 cells to macrophages with distinct M(IFNγ+LPS), M(IL-4) and M(IL-10) phenotypes. J Immunol Methods 2020; 478:112721. [PMID: 32033786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2019.112721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In vitro models of differing macrophage functions are useful since human monocyte-derived macrophages are short-lived, finite and vary from donor to donor. Published protocols using the promonocytic cell line THP-1 have tended to result in cells that closely resemble classically-activated macrophages, differentiated in IFNγ and LPS. However, no protocol, to date, has fully recapitulated polarization of THP-1 to the M(IL-4) or M(IL-10) macrophage phenotypes seen when human monocyte-derived macrophages are exposed to each cytokine. Here we present protocols that can be used to prepare M(IL-4) polarized THP-1 that transcribe CCL17, CCL26, CD200R and MRC1 and M(IL-10) cells which transcribe CD163, C1QA and SEPP1. We show that the inhibitory Fcγ Receptor IIb is preferentially expressed on the surface of M(IL-4) cells, altering the balance of activating to inhibitory Fcγ Receptors. Adoption of standardized experimental conditions for macrophage polarization will make it easier to compare downstream effector functions of different macrophage polarization states, where the impact of PMA exposure is minimized and rest periods and cytokine exposure have been optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- E W Baxter
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - A E Graham
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - N A Re
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - I M Carr
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - J I Robinson
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - S L Mackie
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - A W Morgan
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
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Oh D, Xie J, Vanderheijden N, Nauwynck HJ. Isolation and characterization of a new population of nasal surface macrophages and their susceptibility to PRRSV-1 subtype 1 (LV) and subtype 3 (Lena). Vet Res 2020; 51:21. [PMID: 32093748 PMCID: PMC7038536 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-020-00751-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialoadhesin (Sn) and CD163 have been recognized as two important mediators for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in host macrophages. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the highly virulent Lena strain has a wider macrophage tropism than the low virulent LV strain in the nasal mucosa. Not only CD163+Sn+ macrophages are infected by Lena but also CD163+Sn− macrophages. This suggests that an alternative receptor exists for binding and internalization of PRRSV Lena in the CD163+Sn− macrophages. Further investigation to find the new entry receptor was hampered by the difficulty of isolating these macrophages from the nasal mucosa. In the present study, a new population of CD163+Sn− cells has been identified that is specifically localized in the nasal lamina propria and can be isolated by an intranasal digestion approach. Isolated nasal cells were characterized using specific cell markers and their susceptibility to two different PRRSV-1 strains (LV and Lena) was tested. Upon digestion, 3.2% (flow cytometry)—6.4% (confocal microscopy) of the nasal cells were identified as CD163+ and all (99.7%) of these CD163+ cells were Sn−. These CD163+Sn− cells, designated as “nasal surface macrophages”, showed a 4.9 times higher susceptibility to the Lena strain than to the LV strain. Furthermore, the Lena-inoculated cell cultures showed an upregulation of CD163. These results showed that our new cell isolation system is ideal for the further functional and phenotypical analysis of the new population of nasal surface macrophages and further research on the molecular pathogenesis of PRRSV in the nose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayoung Oh
- Department of Virology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Jiexiong Xie
- Department of Virology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Vanderheijden
- Department of Virology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Hans J Nauwynck
- Department of Virology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium.
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Bergenfelz C, Leandersson K. The Generation and Identity of Human Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:109. [PMID: 32117758 PMCID: PMC7025543 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are cells of myeloid lineage with a potent immunosuppressive capacity. They are present in cancer patients as well as in patients with severe inflammatory conditions and infections. MDSCs exist as two main subtypes, the granulocytic (G-MDSCs) and the monocytic (Mo-MDSCs) type, as defined by their surface phenotype and functions. While the functions of MDSCs have been investigated in depth, the origin of human MDSCs is less characterized and even controversial. In this review, we recapitulate theories on how MDSCs are generated in mice, and whether this knowledge is translatable into human MDSC biology, as well as on problems of defining MDSCs by their immature cell surface phenotype in relation to the plasticity of myeloid cells. Finally, the challenge of pharmacological targeting of MDSCs in the future is envisioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Bergenfelz
- Department of Translational Medicine, Division of Experimental Infection Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Karin Leandersson
- Department of Translational Medicine, Cancer Immunology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Nascimento GG, Møller HJ, López R. Macrophage activity is associated with gingival inflammation: Soluble CD163 in an experimental gingivitis study. Cytokine 2020; 127:154954. [PMID: 31918162 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the association between gingival inflammation and levels of soluble CD163 (sCD163), a macrophage-specific marker associated to inflammation, in young adults participating in an experimental gingivitis study. METHODS Forty-two university students volunteered to participate in the study, which comprised three phases: a two-week Hygiene Phase (clinical examination and professional cleaning); a three-week Induction Phase (absence of oral hygiene); and a two-week Resolution Phase (reestablishment of oral hygiene). Clinical recordings of plaque (Modified Quigley and Hein Plaque Index) and gingival inflammation (Modified Gingival Index) were collected weekly during the Induction Phase, and after two weeks during the Resolution Phase. Levels of sCD163 from gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were collected during Induction and Resolution Phases and measured by ELISA. Group-based-trajectory-modeling (GBTM) was used to model patterns of sCD163 throughout the Induction Phase. Mixed-effects multilevel models were used to estimate the effect of gingival inflammation on sCD163 over time. RESULTS Levels of sCD163 increased steadily over time, however, sCD163 showed a lagged response to gingival inflammation. GBTM analysis identified two groups for sCD163: one with a "linear" trajectory of sCD163 over the Induction Phase (n = 35), and another with a "quadratic" (n = 7) increase of sCD163 at the end of the Induction Phase. Stratified analysis by the sCD163 groups revealed that "linear" sCD163 growth was associated with both GCF volume and gingival inflammation but lagged in time, while a "quadratic" growth was associated with gingival inflammation and time. CONCLUSIONS Macrophage activity is associated with gingival inflammation and can be detected at early stages of gingivitis. However, while in most participants a "linear" trajectory of sCD163 over the development of gingival inflammation was observed, among few individuals an exacerbated increase of sCD163 levels in GCF was noticed particularly at the end of the Induction Phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo G Nascimento
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Holger J Møller
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rodrigo López
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Nishino A, Katsumata Y, Kawasumi H, Hirahara S, Kawaguchi Y, Yamanaka H. Usefulness of soluble CD163 as a biomarker for macrophage activation syndrome associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2020; 28:986-994. [PMID: 31246559 DOI: 10.1177/0961203319860201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to study the usefulness of serum soluble CD163 (sCD163) as a biomarker for macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS Serum sCD163 levels were retrospectively measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for SLE patients associated with MAS (SLE-MAS), lupus nephritis (LN), or autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and/or immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and healthy controls (HCs). Posttreatment samples were also evaluated in the available SLE-MAS patients. The associations between serum sCD163 levels and clinical information were statistically analyzed. RESULTS The serum sCD163 levels in SLE-MAS, LN and SLE-AIHA/ITP groups were significantly higher than those in HCs (n = 17, 29, 13, and 68, respectively; p < 0.01 for all comparisons). In addition, the serum sCD163 levels in the SLE-MAS group were even higher than those in the LN and SLE-AIHA/ITP groups (p < 0.01 for both comparisons). Serum sCD163 levels were correlated with the SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 scores (r = 0.53), whereas they were not correlated with the serum ferritin levels. With the determined cut-off value, the sensitivity and specificity of serum sCD163 for the diagnosis of SLE-MAS were 59% and 86%, respectively. Retesting showed that the serum sCD163 levels decreased significantly following treatment in parallel with disease amelioration in the SLE-MAS group (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests the usefulness of serum sCD163 as a diagnostic and disease-activity biomarker for SLE-associated MAS. Serum sCD163 might also have a different role as a biomarker for SLE-associated MAS than serum ferritin does.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nishino
- Department of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Katsumata
- Department of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Kawasumi
- Department of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Hirahara
- Department of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Kawaguchi
- Department of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Yamanaka
- Department of Rheumatology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Locke LW, Crouser ED, White P, Julian MW, Caceres EG, Papp AC, Le VT, Sadee W, Schlesinger LS. IL-13-regulated Macrophage Polarization during Granuloma Formation in an In Vitro Human Sarcoidosis Model. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019; 60:84-95. [PMID: 30134122 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0053oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying abnormal granuloma formation in patients with sarcoidosis are complex and remain poorly understood. A novel in vitro human granuloma model was used to determine the molecular mechanisms of granuloma genesis in patients with sarcoidosis in response to putative disease-causing mycobacterial antigens. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with active sarcoidosis and from normal, disease-free control subjects were incubated for 7 days with purified protein derivative-coated polystyrene beads. Molecular responses, as reflected by differential expression of genes, extracellular cytokine patterns, and cell surface receptor expression, were analyzed. Unbiased systems biology approaches were used to identify signaling pathways engaged during granuloma formation. Model findings were compared with human lung and mediastinal lymph node gene expression profiles. Compared with identically treated PBMCs of control subjects (n = 5), purified protein derivative-treated sarcoidosis PBMCs (n = 6) were distinguished by the formation of cellular aggregates resembling granulomas. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis of differential expression gene patterns identified molecular pathways that are primarily regulated by IL-13, which promotes alternatively activated (M2) macrophage polarization. M2 polarization was further demonstrated by immunohistochemistry performed on the in vitro sarcoidosis granuloma-like structures. IL-13-regulated gene pathways were confirmed in human sarcoidosis lung and mediastinal lymph node tissues. The in vitro human sarcoidosis granuloma model provides novel insights into early granuloma formation, particularly IL-13 regulation of molecular networks that regulate M2 macrophage polarization. M2 macrophages are predisposed to aggregation and multinucleated giant cell formation, which are characteristic features of sarcoidosis granulomas. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01857401).
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon W Locke
- 1 Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Center for Microbial Interface Biology
| | - Elliott D Crouser
- 2 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute
| | - Peter White
- 4 Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, and.,3 The Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - Mark W Julian
- 2 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute
| | - Evelyn Guirado Caceres
- 1 Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Center for Microbial Interface Biology
| | - Audrey C Papp
- 5 Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; and
| | - Van T Le
- 2 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute
| | - Wolfgang Sadee
- 5 Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio; and
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Cytokine Effects on the Entry of Filovirus Envelope Pseudotyped Virus-Like Particles into Primary Human Macrophages. Viruses 2019; 11:v11100889. [PMID: 31547585 PMCID: PMC6832363 DOI: 10.3390/v11100889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are one of the first and also a major site of filovirus replication and, in addition, are a source of multiple cytokines, presumed to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of the viral infection. Some of these cytokines are known to induce macrophage phenotypic changes in vitro, but how macrophage polarization may affect the cell susceptibility to filovirus entry remains largely unstudied. We generated different macrophage subsets using cytokine pre-treatment and subsequently tested their ability to fuse with beta-lactamase containing virus-like particles (VLP), pseudotyped with the surface glycoprotein of Ebola virus (EBOV) or the glycoproteins of other clinically relevant filovirus species. We found that pre-incubation of primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) with interleukin-10 (IL-10) significantly enhanced filovirus entry into cells obtained from multiple healthy donors, and the IL-10 effect was preserved in the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines found to be elevated during EBOV disease. In contrast, fusion of IL-10-treated macrophages with influenza hemagglutinin/neuraminidase pseudotyped VLPs was unchanged or slightly reduced. Importantly, our in vitro data showing enhanced virus entry are consistent with the correlation established between elevated serum IL-10 and increased mortality in filovirus infected patients and also reveal a novel mechanism that may account for the IL-10-mediated increase in filovirus pathogenicity.
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D'Antoni ML, Byron MM, Chan P, Sailasuta N, Sacdalan C, Sithinamsuwan P, Tipsuk S, Pinyakorn S, Kroon E, Slike BM, Krebs SJ, Khadka VS, Chalermchai T, Kallianpur KJ, Robb M, Spudich S, Valcour V, Ananworanich J, Ndhlovu LC. Normalization of Soluble CD163 Levels After Institution of Antiretroviral Therapy During Acute HIV Infection Tracks with Fewer Neurological Abnormalities. J Infect Dis 2019; 218:1453-1463. [PMID: 29868826 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myeloid activation contributes to cognitive impairment in chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We explored whether combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) initiation during acute HIV infection impacts CD163 shedding, a myeloid activation marker, and in turn, implications on the central nervous system (CNS). Methods We measured soluble CD163 (sCD163) levels in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in Thais who initiated cART during acute HIV infection (Fiebig stages I-IV). Examination of CNS involvement included neuropsychological testing and analysis of brain metabolites by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Chronic HIV-infected or uninfected Thais served as controls. Results We examined 51 adults with acute HIV infection (Fiebig stages I-III; male sex, >90%; age, 31 years). sCD163 levels before and after cART in Fiebig stage I/II were comparable to those in uninfected controls (plasma levels, 97.9 and 93.6 ng/mL, respectively, vs 99.5 ng/mL; CSF levels, 6.7 and 6.4 ng/mL, respectively, vs 7.1 ng/mL). In Fiebig stage III, sCD163 levels were elevated before cART as compared to those in uninfected controls (plasma levels, 135 ng/mL; CSF levels, 10 ng/mL; P < .01 for both comparisons) before normalization after cART (plasma levels, 90.1 ng/mL; CSF levels, 6.5 ng/mL). Before cART, higher sCD163 levels during Fiebig stage III correlated with poor CNS measures (eg, decreased N-acetylaspartate levels), but paradoxically, during Fiebig stage I/II, this association was linked with favorable CNS outcomes (eg, higher neuropsychological test scores). After cART initiation, higher sCD163 levels during Fiebig stage III were associated with negative CNS indices (eg, worse neuropsychological test scores). Conclusion Initiation of cART early during acute HIV infection (ie, during Fiebig stage I/II) may decrease inflammation, preventing shedding of CD163, which in turn might lower the risk of brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Phillip Chan
- SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Napapon Sailasuta
- Department of Tropical Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Carlo Sacdalan
- SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Somporn Tipsuk
- SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suteeraporn Pinyakorn
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Eugene Kroon
- SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Bonnie M Slike
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Vedbar S Khadka
- Office of Biostatistics and Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | | | - Kalpana J Kallianpur
- Department of Tropical Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, Hawaii.,Hawai'i Center for AIDS, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Merlin Robb
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Serena Spudich
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Victor Valcour
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco
| | - Jintanat Ananworanich
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland.,SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand.,University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lishomwa C Ndhlovu
- Department of Tropical Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, Hawaii.,Hawai'i Center for AIDS, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, Hawaii
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Desmonts de Lamache D, Moges R, Siddiq A, Allain T, Feener TD, Muench GP, McKenna N, Yates RM, Buret AG. Immuno-modulating properties of Tulathromycin in porcine monocyte-derived macrophages infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221560. [PMID: 31442273 PMCID: PMC6707645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a positive-stranded RNA virus that grows in macrophages and causes acute pneumonia in pigs. PRRSV causes devastating losses to the porcine industry. However, due to its high antigenic variability and poorly understood immunopathogenesis, there is currently no effective vaccine or treatment to control PRRSV infection. The common occurrence of PRRSV infection with bacterial infections as well as its inflammatory-driven pathobiology raises the question of the value of antibiotics with immunomodulating properties for the treatment of the disease it causes. The macrolide antibiotic Tulathromycin (TUL) has been found to exhibit potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties in cattle and pigs. The aim of this study was to characterize the anti-viral and immunomodulating properties of TUL in PRRSV-infected porcine macrophages. Our findings indicate that blood monocyte-derived macrophages are readily infected by PRRSV and can be used as an effective cellular model to study PRRSV pathogenesis. TUL did not change intracellular or extracellular viral titers, not did it alter viral receptors (CD163 and CD169) expression on porcine macrophages. In contrast, TUL exhibited potent immunomodulating properties, which therefore occurred in the absence of any direct antiviral effects against PRRSV. TUL had an additive effect with PRRSV on the induction of macrophage apoptosis, and inhibited virus-induced necrosis. TUL significantly attenuated PRRSV-induced macrophage pro-inflammatory signaling (CXCL-8 and mitochondrial ROS production) and prevented PRRSV inhibition of non-opsonized and opsonized phagocytic function. Together, these data demonstrate that TUL inhibits PRRSV-induced inflammatory responses in porcine macrophages and protects against the phagocytic impairment caused by the virus. Research in live pigs is warranted to assess the potential clinical benefits of this antibiotic in the context of virally induced inflammation and tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R. Moges
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - A. Siddiq
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - T. Allain
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - T. D. Feener
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - G. P. Muench
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - N. McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - R. M. Yates
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - A. G. Buret
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Macrophages Are Key Regulators of Stem Cells during Skeletal Muscle Regeneration and Diseases. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:4761427. [PMID: 31396285 PMCID: PMC6664695 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4761427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle regeneration is a closely regulated process that involves a variety of cell types such as satellite cells, myofibers, fibroadipogenic progenitors, endothelial cells, and inflammatory cells. Among these different cell types, macrophages emerged as a central actor coordinating the different cellular interactions and biological processes. Particularly, the transition of macrophages from their proinflammatory to their anti-inflammatory phenotype was shown to regulate inflammation, myogenesis, fibrosis, vascularization, and return to homeostasis. On the other hand, deregulation of macrophage accumulation or polarization in chronic degenerative muscle disorders was shown to impair muscle regeneration. Considering the key roles of macrophages in skeletal muscle, they represent an attractive target for new therapeutic approaches aiming at mitigating various muscle disorders. This review aims at summarizing the novel insights into macrophage heterogeneity, plasticity, and functions in skeletal muscle homeostasis, regeneration, and disease.
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Protective effects of delayed intraventricular TLR7 agonist administration on cerebral white and gray matter following asphyxia in the preterm fetal sheep. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9562. [PMID: 31267031 PMCID: PMC6606639 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45872-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm brain injury is highly associated with inflammation, which is likely related in part to sterile responses to hypoxia-ischemia. We have recently shown that neuroprotection with inflammatory pre-conditioning in the immature brain is associated with induction of toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7). We therefore tested the hypothesis that central administration of a synthetic TLR7 agonist, gardiquimod (GDQ), after severe hypoxia-ischemia in preterm-equivalent fetal sheep would improve white and gray matter recovery. Fetal sheep at 0.7 of gestation received sham asphyxia or asphyxia induced by umbilical cord occlusion for 25 minutes, followed by a continuous intracerebroventricular infusion of GDQ or vehicle from 1 to 4 hours (total dose 1.8 mg/kg). Sheep were killed 72 hours after asphyxia for histology. GDQ significantly improved survival of immature and mature oligodendrocytes (2′,3′-cyclic-nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase, CNPase) and total oligodendrocytes (oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2, Olig-2) within the periventricular and intragyral white matter. There were reduced numbers of cells showing cleaved caspase-3 positive apoptosis and astrogliosis (glial fibrillary acidic protein, GFAP) in both white matter regions. Neuronal survival was increased in the dentate gyrus, caudate and medial thalamic nucleus. Central infusion of GDQ was associated with a robust increase in fetal plasma concentrations of the anti-inflammatory cytokines, interferon-β (IFN-β) and interleukin-10 (IL-10), with no significant change in the concentration of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In conclusion, delayed administration of the TLR7 agonist, GDQ, after severe hypoxia-ischemia in the developing brain markedly ameliorated white and gray matter damage, in association with upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines. These data strongly support the hypothesis that modulation of secondary inflammation may be a viable therapeutic target for injury of the preterm brain.
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Krakow S, Crescimone ML, Bartels C, Wiegering V, Eyrich M, Schlegel PG, Wölfl M. Re-expression of CD14 in Response to a Combined IL-10/TLR Stimulus Defines Monocyte-Derived Cells With an Immunoregulatory Phenotype. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1484. [PMID: 31316520 PMCID: PMC6611188 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 10 is a central regulator of the antigen-presenting function of myeloid cells. It exerts immunomodulatory effects in vivo and induces a regulatory phenotype in monocyte-derived cells in vitro. We analyzed phenotype and function of monocytic cells in vitro in relation to the cytokine milieu and the timing of TLR-based activation. In GM-CSF/IL-4 cultured human monocytic cells, we identified two, mutually exclusive cell populations arising from undifferentiated cells: CD83+ fully activated dendritic cells and CD14+ macrophage like cells. Re-expression of CD14 occurs primarily after a sequential trigger with a TLR signal following IL-10 preincubation. This cell population with re-expressed CD14 greatly differs in phenotype and function from the CD83+ cells. Detailed analysis of individual subpopulations reveals that exogenous IL-10 is critical for inducing the shift toward the CD14+ population, but does not affect individual changes in marker expression or cell function in most cases. Thus, plasticity of CD14 expression, defining a subset of immunoregulatory cells, is highly relevant for the composition of cellular products (such as DC vaccines) as it affects the function of the total product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sören Krakow
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Children's Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marie L Crescimone
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Children's Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Bartels
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Children's Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Verena Wiegering
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Children's Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Eyrich
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Children's Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Paul G Schlegel
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Children's Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Wölfl
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Children's Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Downregulation of CD163 in monocytes and its soluble form in the plasma is associated with a pro-inflammatory profile in pregnant women with preeclampsia. Immunol Res 2019; 67:194-201. [DOI: 10.1007/s12026-019-09078-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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