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Li L, Xu H, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Ye R, Li W, Yang J, Wu J, Li J, Jin E, Cao M, Li X, Li S, Liu C. From inflammation to pyroptosis: Understanding the consequences of cadmium exposure in chicken liver cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 272:116004. [PMID: 38290315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Hepatotoxicity is frequently observed following acute cadmium (Cd) exposure in chicken. Oxidative stress and subsequent inflammation are regarded as the main reasons for cadmium-induced liver injury. NOD-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-induced pyroptosis is involved in various inflammatory diseases, including liver injury. Poultry are more susceptible to harmful effects of heavy metals. However, the mechanism of cadmium-induced liver injury in chicken is still elusive. In this study, the effect of cadmium on chicken liver cells and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. The results showed mitochondria was damaged and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) were generated in chicken liver cell line LMH after cadmium exposure. Furthermore, cadmium-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the cell membrane rupture indicated LMH cells pyroptosis. The ROS scavengers, acetylcysteine (NAC) and Mito-TEMPO prevented pyroptosis in LMH cells, suggesting that ROS were responsible for the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome induced by cadmium. Additionally, anti-oxidative transcription factor Nrf2 was inhibited after cadmium exposure, explaining the excessive ROS generation. In summary, our study showed that cadmium leads to ROS generation by inducing mitochondrial damage and inhibiting Nrf2 activity, which promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation and eventually induces pyroptosis in LMH cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China; Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Pork, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Fengyang 233100, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Hao Xu
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Ruiqi Ye
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Wen Li
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Jingyi Yang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Jiale Wu
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China; Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Pork, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Fengyang 233100, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Erhui Jin
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China; Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Pork, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Fengyang 233100, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Mixia Cao
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China; Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Pork, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Fengyang 233100, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Xiaojin Li
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China; Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Pork, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Fengyang 233100, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, Fengyang 233100, China
| | - Shenghe Li
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China; Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Pork, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Fengyang 233100, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, Fengyang 233100, China.
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China; Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Pork, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Fengyang 233100, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, Fengyang 233100, China.
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2
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Fujie T, Ando R, Abe M, Ichida N, Ito K, Hara T, Yamamoto C, Kaji T. Protection of cultured vascular endothelial cells against cadmium cytotoxicity by simultaneous treatment or pretreatment with manganese. J Toxicol Sci 2024; 49:349-358. [PMID: 39098044 DOI: 10.2131/jts.49.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium is a heavy metal that pollutes the environment and foods and is a risk factor for vascular disorders. We have previously demonstrated that pretreatment of vascular endothelial cells with zinc and copper protects the cells against cadmium cytotoxicity. In contrast, cadmium cytotoxicity was potentiated in cells following exposure to lead, thereby indicating that in vascular endothelial cells, cadmium cytotoxicity can be differentially modified by the co-occurrence of other heavy metals. In this study, we revealed that simultaneous treatment or pretreatment with manganese protects vascular endothelial cells against cadmium cytotoxicity. Intracellular accumulation of cadmium was observed to be reduced by simultaneous treatment with manganese, although not by pretreatment. The mRNA expression of metal transporters that regulate the uptake of both cadmium and manganese (ZIP8, ZIP14, and DMT1) remained unaffected by either simultaneous treatment or pretreatment with manganese, and simultaneous treatment with manganese suppressed the cadmium-induced expression of metallothionein but pretreatment with manganese did not exhibit such suppressive effect. Thus, the protection of vascular endothelial cells against cadmium cytotoxicity conferred by simultaneous treatment with manganese is assumed to be partially attributed to a reduction in the intracellular accumulation of cadmium, whereas the effects of pretreatment with manganese are independent of both the reduced intracellular accumulation of cadmium and the induction of metallothionein. These observations accordingly indicate that the protective effects of manganese are mediated via alternative (as yet unidentified) mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Fujie
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | - Reika Ando
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Momoka Abe
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | - Natsumi Ichida
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Keisuke Ito
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science
| | - Takato Hara
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | - Chika Yamamoto
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University
| | - Toshiyuki Kaji
- Laboratory of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
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Rajabian F, Rajabian A, Tayarani-Najaran Z. The Antioxidant Activity of Betanin protects MRC-5 cells Against Cadmium Induced Toxicity. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:5183-5191. [PMID: 37099220 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03662-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) can induce both acute and chronic effects in the lungs depending on the time and the exposure route. Betanin is a component derived from the roots of red beets and it is well-known for its antioxidant and anti-apoptosis effects. The current study aimed to survey the protective effects of betanin on cell toxicity induced by Cd. Different concentration of Cd alone and in combination with betanin was assessed in MRC-5 cells. The viability and oxidative stress were measured using resazurin and DCF-DA methods respectively. Apoptotic cells were assessed by PI staining of the fragmented DNA and western blot analysis detected the activation of caspase 3 and PARP proteins. Cd exposure for 24 h declined viability and increased ROS production in MRC-5 cells compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Also, Cd (35 μM) elevated DNA fragmentation (p < 0.05), and the level of caspase 3-cleaved and cleaved PARP proteins in MRC-5 cells (p < 0.001). Co-treatment of cells with betanin for 24 h significantly enhanced viability in concentrations of 1.25 and 2.5 μM (p < 0.001) and 5 μM (p < 0.05) and declined ROS generation (1.25 and 5 μM p < 0.001, and 2.5 μM p < 0.01). As well as, betanin reduced DNA fragmentation (p < 0.01), and the markers of apoptosis (p < 0.001) compared to the Cd-treated group. In conclusion, betanin protects lung cells against Cd-induced toxicity through antioxidant activity and inhibition of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rajabian
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 9188617871, Mashhad, Iran
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arezoo Rajabian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Tayarani-Najaran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 9188617871, Mashhad, Iran.
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Iqbal Z, Quds R, Mahmood R. Cadmium chloride generates cytotoxic reactive species that cause oxidative damage and morphological changes in human erythrocytes. Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 100:485-498. [PMID: 36288609 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2022-0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium chloride (CdCl2) is a widely used industrial compound that exhibits multiple organ toxicity. Cadmium is transported through blood where erythrocytes are exposed to its action. Here the effect of CdCl2 on human erythrocytes was examined under in vitro conditions. Human erythrocytes were treated with 0.01-0.5 mM CdCl2 for 24 h at 37 °C. Lysates were made from CdCl2 treated and untreated (control) cells and used for further analysis. CdCl2 treatment resulted in marked hemolysis of erythrocytes and oxidation of hemoglobin to methemoglobin. This will result in anemia and also reduce the oxygen carrying ability of erythrocytes. Hemoglobin oxidation was accompanied by degradation of heme and release of free ferrous iron moiety. Further analysis showed elevated lipid hydroperoxides and formation of advanced oxidation protein products along with reduction in total sulfhydryl content, indicating the generation of oxidative stress condition in the cell. Incubation of erythrocytes with CdCl2 enhanced generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, decreased the antioxidant power and inhibited pathways of glucose metabolism. Plasma membrane was damaged as indicated by enhanced osmotic fragility and inhibition of membrane bound enzymes. This was confirmed by electron microscopy which showed formation of echinocytes. These results show that CdCl2 generates reactive species which impair the antioxidant system resulting in oxidative damage to erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarmin Iqbal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P, India
| | - Ruhul Quds
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P, India
| | - Riaz Mahmood
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, U.P, India
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Toxic Effects of Cadmium on the Female Reproductive Organs a Review. FOLIA VETERINARIA 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/fv-2022-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a common environmental pollutant present in soil and associated with many modern industrial processes. Cadmium may adversely influence the health of experimental animals and humans and exert significant effects on the reproductive tract morphology and physiology. During embryonic development, cadmium suppresses the normal growth and development of the ovaries, and in adults it disrupts the morphology and function of the ovaries and uterus. The exposure to cadmium has adverse effects on the oocyte meiotic maturation affecting the structure of ovarian tissue. The distribution of follicles and corpus luteum in the ovarian tissues has been shown to be disrupted, affecting the normal growth and development of the follicles. In the ovarian cortex, the number of follicles at different stages of maturation decreased, and the number of atretic follicles increased. In the medulla, oedema and ovarian haemorrhage and necrosis appears at higher doses. Granulosa cells exposed to cadmium exhibited morphological alterations. Oocyte development was inhibited and the amount of oocyte apoptosis was higher. Cadmium exposure also caused changes in the structure of the ovarian blood vessels with reduction in the vascular area. Cadmium effects included increased uterine weight, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the endometrial lining. Exposure to cadmium had specific effects on gonadal steroidogenesis by suppressing steroid biosynthesis of the ovarian granulosa cells and luteal cells. Progesterone, follicle stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone decreased significantly after CdCl2 administration. Cadmium can suppress the female’s ovulation process and cause temporary infertility.
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Wang J, Fang Z, Li Y, Sun L, Liu Y, Deng Q, Zhong S. Ameliorative Effects of Oyster Protein Hydrolysates on Cadmium-Induced Hepatic Injury in Mice. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20120758. [PMID: 36547905 PMCID: PMC9784078 DOI: 10.3390/md20120758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread environmental toxicant that can cause severe hepatic injury. Oyster protein hydrolysates (OPs) have potential effects on preventing liver disease. In this study, thirty mice were randomly divided into five groups: the control, Cd, Cd + ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA, 100 mg/kg), and low/high dose of OPs-treatment groups (100 mg/kg or 300 mg/kg). After continuous administration for 7 days, the ameliorative effect of OPs on Cd-induced acute hepatic injury in Cd-exposed mice was assessed. The results showed that OPs significantly improved the liver function profiles (serum ALT, AST, LDH, and ALP) in Cd-exposed mice. Histopathological analysis showed that OPs decreased apoptotic bodies, hemorrhage, lymphocyte accumulation, and inflammatory cell infiltration around central veins. OPs significantly retained the activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px, and decreased the elevated hepatic MDA content in Cd-exposed mice. In addition, OPs exhibited a reductive effect on the inflammatory responses (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and inhibitory effects on the expression of inflammation-related proteins (MIP-2 and COX-2) and the ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway. OPs suppressed the development of hepatocyte apoptosis (Bax, caspase-3, and Blc-2) and the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in Cd-exposed mice. In conclusion, OPs ameliorated the Cd-induced hepatic injury by inhibiting oxidative damage and inflammatory responses, as well as the development of hepatocyte apoptosis via regulating the ERK/NF-κB and PI3K/AKT-related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Zhijia Fang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Correspondence: (Z.F.); (S.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-759-2396027 (Z.F.)
| | - Yongbin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Lijun Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Qi Deng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Saiyi Zhong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Correspondence: (Z.F.); (S.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-759-2396027 (Z.F.)
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Elazab ST, Hsu WH. Antagonism of cadmium-induced liver injury in ducks by α-bisabolol. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1024549. [PMID: 36419731 PMCID: PMC9676494 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1024549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an ecological pollutant which causes hazardous effects in animals and humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of α-bisabolol (BISA) in antagonizing the Cd-induced hepatotoxicity in ducks. Two-week old ducks were allocated into 8 groups (10 ducks/group): Group I received basal diet and was gavaged with sunflower oil (BISA vehicle, 1.1 mL/kg/day); group II was administered BISA orally (50 mg/kg/day; diluted with sunflower oil); groups III, IV, and V were fed the basal diet mixed with CdCl2 at 37.5, 75, and 150 mg/kg diet, respectively, and were gavaged with sunflower oil; group VI, VII, and VIII were given basal diet containing CdCl2 at the aforementioned consecutive doses plus BISA. All treatments were provided daily for 4 weeks. Exposure to CdCl2 induced mortality in ducks, increased hepatic Cd content and serum levels of hepatopathic biomarkers, and caused oxidative stress and morphological alterations in ducks' liver. Furthermore, exposure to Cd caused upregulation of the mRNA of proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α and apoptotic gene Bax, and that of cyclooxygenase-2 protein in the liver. All effects of Cd were dose-dependent. BISA antagonized all of the aforementioned CdCl2-induced changes. These findings suggested that BISA exert the hepatoprotective effect against Cd toxicity through reducing the hepatic content of Cd as well as antagonizing oxidative insults, inflammation, and apoptosis. Thus, BISA has a great potential to be used as an antidote in the control of Cd poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara T. Elazab
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Walter H. Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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Panchal H, Sachdeva SN, Bhardwaj JK. Ultrastructural analysis of cadmium-induced toxicity and its alleviation by antioxidant quercetin in caprine testicular germ cells in vitro. Ultrastruct Pathol 2022; 46:259-267. [PMID: 35377831 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2022.2060396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has demonstrated that cadmium (Cd), a common environmental toxicant, has been associated with testicular toxicity. Quercetin, an efficient flavonoid, has been shown to exert cytoprotective effect in numerous pathological processes. The current study has employed ultrastructural analysis to examine the Cd-induced toxicity in goat testicular tissue along with the ameliorative action of quercetin in a dose- and time-dependent manner in-vitro. Results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that at lower selected concentrations (10 and 50 µM), Cd induced apoptosis-mediated cytotoxicity in testicular tissue as supported by presence of various morphological attributes of apoptosis in testicular germ cells such as condensed and marginated chromatin followed by breakdown of chromatin material, swollen mitochondria, and vacuolization. At 100 µM concentration, along with apoptosis, Cd-induced cytotoxicity in testicular tissue was associated with induction of necrosis also. However, the simultaneous supplementation of antioxidant quercetin has markedly abrogated the testicular cytotoxicity as shown by restoration of Cd-evoked aberrant ultrastructure of testicular germ cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, providing a basis for future studies to involve quercetin in management of Cd-induced reproductive toxicity in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harish Panchal
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - Som Nath Sachdeva
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra and Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - Jitender Kumar Bhardwaj
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
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9
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Eze CT, Eze OO, Ugochukwu TE, Amaeze NH, Ogbuene EB, Otitoloju AA. In vitro cytotoxic assessment of e-waste-related chemical pollution in impacted soil matrix. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:209. [PMID: 35194689 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09717-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The environmental quality and toxicity of soil from some selected informal e-waste sites in West Africa was assessed on PLHC-1 liver cells. In addition, toxicity mechanisms such as apoptosis, necrosis and necroptosis were analysed in order to determine the effect of the actual chemical mixture present in the e-waste soil matrix. The investigation revealed that although e-waste soil extracts (polar and non-polar) and elutriates were significantly cytotoxic at the tested concentration (16 mg soil EQ/ml), PLHC-1 cell viability was not reduced below 50%. The non-polar extracts were more toxic compared to polar extracts and elutriates. The cytotoxic potency of soil from the informal e-waste-recycling sites ranged in this order: Alaba > Godome-Kouhounou > Agbogblosie. The study revealed that all e-waste soil extracts and elutriates induced significant (P < 0.01) PLHC-1 cell death by apoptosis and necrosis; however, cell death by apoptosis was higher compared to that by necrosis. The results indicated that except for non-polar extracts (N4, B4 and G4) from open burning areas that induced significant (P < 0.01) PLHC-1 cell death by necroptosis, other extracts and elutriates could not cause cell death by necroptosis. The study has demonstrated that soils from the Alaba e-waste site in Lagos could be more toxic than soils from Godome-Kouhounou (Cotonou) and Agbogblosie (Accra) e-waste sites and further highlighted open burning as an informal e-waste-handling method with greater negative impact on soil quality in the e-waste sites. The study emphasizes the urgent need for regulatory agencies to introduce regular residue-monitoring programmes in order to forestall the adverse effects of soil pollution episodes in the e-waste sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukwuebuka ThankGod Eze
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
- Department of Zoology, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos State, Nigeria.
| | | | | | - Nnamdi Henry Amaeze
- Department of Zoology, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos State, Nigeria
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10
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Wang H, Abel GM, Storm DR, Xia Z. Adolescent cadmium exposure impairs cognition and hippocampal neurogenesis in C57BL/6 mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:335-348. [PMID: 34741586 PMCID: PMC10942748 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal and a significant public health concern. Epidemiological studies suggest that Cd is a potential neurotoxicant, and its exposure is associated with cognitive deficits in children, adults, and seniors. Our previous study has found that adulthood-only Cd exposure can impair cognition in mice. However, few studies have addressed the effects of Cd exposure during adolescence on cognitive behavior in animals later in life. In the present study, we exposed 4-week-old male C57BL/6 mice to 3 mg/L Cd via drinking water for 28 weeks and assessed their hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. Cd did not affect anxiety or locomotor activity in the open field test. However, Cd exposure impaired short-term spatial memory and contextual fear memory in mice. A separate cohort of 4-week-old mice was similarly exposed to Cd for 13 weeks to investigate the potential mechanism of Cd neurotoxicity on cognition. We observed that Cd-treated mice had fewer adult-born cells, adult-born neurons, and a reduced proportion of adult-born cells that differentiated into mature neurons in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus. These results suggest that Cd exposure from adolescence to adulthood is sufficient to cause cognitive deficits and impair key processes of hippocampal neurogenesis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Toxicology Program, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Glen M. Abel
- Toxicology Program, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel R. Storm
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Zhengui Xia
- Toxicology Program, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Fujie T, Ito K, Ozaki Y, Takahashi S, Yamamoto C, Kaji T. Induction of ZIP8, a ZIP transporter, via NF-κB signaling by the activation of IκBα and JNK signaling in cultured vascular endothelial cells exposed to cadmium. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 434:115802. [PMID: 34822840 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium is an environmental pollutant that adversely affects various organs in the human body and is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. These disorders are caused by the dysfunction of the vascular endothelial cells that cover the luminal surface of blood vessels. The ZIP transporter ZIP8 is one of the primary importers of cadmium, and its expression appears to be important for the sensitivity of vascular endothelial cells to cadmium. In the present study, we investigated the influence of ZIP8 on cadmium-induced cytotoxicity in vascular endothelial cells, the induction of ZIP8 expression by cadmium, and its action mechanism in vascular endothelial cells. The study revealed that: (1) cadmium cytotoxicity in vascular endothelial cells was potentiated by the overexpression of ZIP8, and the intracellular accumulation of cadmium in the cells was increased; (2) cadmium highly induced the expression of ZIP8, but not other ZIPs; (3) lead and methylmercury moderately induced ZIP8 expression, but the other tested metals did not; (4) the induction of ZIP8 expression by cadmium was mediated by both NF-κB and JNK signaling, and the accumulation of NF-κB in the nucleus was regulated by JNK signaling. Particularly, it was found that cadmium activated NF-κB to transfer it into nuclei and activated JNK to stabilize NF-κB in nuclei, resulting in the induction of ZIP8 expression. This induction appears to be crucial for cadmium cytotoxicity in vascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Fujie
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi 274-8510, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ito
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ozaki
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan
| | - Suzuka Takahashi
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan
| | - Chika Yamamoto
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi 274-8510, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kaji
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan.
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Kumar A, Siddiqi NJ, Alrashood ST, Khan HA, Dubey A, Sharma B. Protective effect of eugenol on hepatic inflammation and oxidative stress induced by cadmium in male rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111588. [PMID: 33862491 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium is one of the most toxic heavy metals. The prolonged exposure of it can lead to severe alterations and damage in different tissues including blood, liver, kidney and brain. Eugenol, a phenolic compound, is present in various aromatic plants. It acts as a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the treatment of eugenol is beneficial against the hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation induced by Cd. METHODS To study the effect of eugenol in reversal of Cd toxicity, 24 albino rats were equally divided into four different groups: G1 Control (saline), G2 Eugenol (3 mg kg-1), G3 CdCl2 (5 mg kg-1) and G4 CdCl2 + Eugenol (5 mg kg-1 + 3 mg kg-1). All the groups were treated with gavage orally for the period of 21 days. After this treatment period, rats were sacrificed and liver tissues were removed. The hepatic antioxidant status was evaluated by measuring the activities of SOD, Catalase and GST enzymes. The reduced glutathione, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl oxidation (PCO) and thiol contents were measured in hepatic tissues. The activities of liver marker enzymes such as ALT, AST, GGT, ALP, TP, albumin, Bilirubin content and LDH were determined to assess the hepatic damage in different groups. Cd induced hepatic inflammation was determined by evaluating the levels of TNF-a, IL-6 and NO. RESULTS Oral intoxication of Cd for 21 days significantly elevated the level of hepatic markers including activities of LDH, GGT, ALP, ALT, AST and Bilirubin level. The albumin content, reduced GSH level, and activities of antioxidant enzymes were significantly reduced in Cd treated group. The levels of inflammatory markers were significantly elevated in Cd treated group. The eugenol treatment was very effective and it significantly reversed the Cd induced biochemical alterations almost similar to that of control. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that the eugenol possessed very strong anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory potential. The co-treatment of eugenol with Cd exhibited protective potential of eugenol against Cd induced toxicity. Eugenol was able to improve the cellular redox system in rats treated with Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India
| | - Nikhat J Siddiqi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara T Alrashood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haseeb A Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anchal Dubey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India
| | - Bechan Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India.
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13
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Park JH, Lee BM, Kim HS. Potential protective roles of curcumin against cadmium-induced toxicity and oxidative stress. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2021; 24:95-118. [PMID: 33357071 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2020.1860842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin, used as a spice and traditional medicine in India, exerts beneficial effects against several diseases, owing to its antioxidant, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Evidence indicates that curcumin might protect against heavy metal-induced organ toxicity by targeting biological pathways involved in anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and anti-tumorigenesis. Curcumin has received considerable attention owing to its therapeutic properties, and the mechanisms underlying some of its actions have been recently investigated. Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal found in the environment and used extensively in industries. Chronic Cd exposure induces damage to bones, liver, kidneys, lungs, testes, and the immune and cardiovascular systems. Because of its long half-life, exposure to even low Cd levels might be harmful. Cd-induced toxicity involves the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in oxidative stress and damage to essential biomolecules. Dietary antioxidants, such as chelating agents, display the potential to reduce Cd accumulation and metal-induced toxicity. Curcumin scavenges ROS and inhibits oxidative damage, thus resulting in many therapeutic properties. This review aims to address the effectiveness of curcumin against Cd-induced organ toxicity and presents evidence supporting the use of curcumin as a protective antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyeon Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Mu Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon Republic of Korea
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14
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Yang Z, Wang S, Liu H, Xu S. MAPK/iNOS pathway is involved in swine kidney necrosis caused by cadmium exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 274:116497. [PMID: 33540250 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution in the environment could cause toxic damage to animals and humans. MAPK pathways could regulate their downstream inflammatory factors, and plays a crucial role in necrosis. Since the swine kidney tissue is an important accumulation site of Cd and target organ of its toxic damage, but the damage form of Cd to swine kidney and the role of MAPK pathways in it are still not clear, we selected six week old weaned piglets as the research object, and fed a diet supplemented CdCl2 (20 mg/kg) to establish the model of liver injury induced by Cd. The expressions and phosphorylation of MAPK pathways (ERK, JNK, p38), expression levels of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, NF-κB, iNOS, COX-2 and PTGE) and necrosis related genes (MLKL, RIPK1, RIPK3 and FADD) and heat shock proteins (HSPs) were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. H.E. staining was used to determine the damage of kidney caused by Cd exposure. The results showed that Cd exposure could activate p38 and JNK pathway phosphorylation, rather than ERK 1/2, up regulated the expressions of inflammatory factors, finally induced programmed necrosis (increasing the expressions of MLKL, RIPK1, RIPK3 and FADD) in swine kidney. Our study elucidated the mechanism of Cd-damage to swine kidney and the relationship among MAPK pathways, inflammatory factors and programmed necrosis in swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijiang Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Shengchen Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Honggui Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
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15
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Lewandowski Ł, Urbanowicz I, Kepinska M, Milnerowicz H. Concentration/activity of superoxide dismutase isozymes and the pro-/antioxidative status, in context of type 2 diabetes and selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (genes: INS, SOD1, SOD2, SOD3) - Preliminary findings. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111396. [PMID: 33761612 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The alterations in concentration/activity of superoxide dismutase isozymes in the context of type 2 diabetes or obesity are well-described. Moreover, many hereditary factors, including single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of genes for coding insulin, insulin receptors, or insulin receptor substrates (INS, INSR, IRS1, IRS2) or superoxide dismutase isozymes (SOD1, SOD2, SOD3), have been linked with the incidence of obesity and diabetes. However, the underlying changes in the plasma concentration/activity of superoxide dismutase isozymes and their potential connection with the said hereditary factors remain unexplored. Previously, we have observed that the plasma concentration/activity of superoxide dismutase isozymes differs in the context of obesity and/or rs2234694 (SOD1) and rs4880 (SOD2) and that the concentrations of SOD1, SOD2, SOD3 are correlated with each other. Intersexual variability of SOD1 concentration was detected regardless of obesity. In this study, the variability of concentration/activity of superoxide dismutase isozymes in plasma is considered in the context of type 2 diabetes and/or SNPs: rs2234694 (SOD1), rs5746105 (SOD2), rs4880 (SOD2), rs927450 (SOD2), rs8192287 (SOD3). Genotypic variability of SNP rs3842729 (INS), previously studied in the context of insulin-dependent diabetes, is investigated in terms of selected clinical parameters associated with type 2 diabetes. This study revealed higher SOD1 concentration in diabetic men compared to women, and extremely high SOD1 concentration, higher total superoxide dismutase, and copper-zinc superoxide dismutase activity, and lower superoxide dismutase and copper-zinc superoxide dismutase activity (when adjusted for the concentration of SODs) in the diabetic group regardless of sex. Multiple logistic regression, applied to explore possible links between the studied SNPs and other factors with the odds of type 2 diabetes or obesity, revealed that the genotypic variability of rs4880 (SOD2) could affect these odds, supporting the findings of several other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Lewandowski
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Iwona Urbanowicz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 211A, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marta Kepinska
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Halina Milnerowicz
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analyses, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
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16
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Integrative comparison of cadmium and iron oxide as yellow pigment in terms of cellular stress and genotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Mol Cell Toxicol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-020-00113-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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17
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Hao R, Ge J, Ren Y, Song X, Jiang Y, Sun-Waterhouse D, Li F, Li D. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester mitigates cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity in mice: Role of miR-182-5p/TLR4 axis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111578. [PMID: 33254423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), an environmental pollutant, is evidenced to cause hepatotoxicity. In this study, the potential protective effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on cadmium-induced liver damage was investigated. Forty male mice were treated daily with either CdCl2 (1.5 mg/kg body weight (b.w.), gavage) or CAPE (10 μmol/kg b.w., gavage) or both for 4 weeks. CAPE administration significantly reduced Cd level and liver and body weight, and increased AST, ALT and ALP level. Moreover, CAPE prevented CdCl2-induced oxidative stress via PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and inhibited apoptosis by regulating apoptosis markers. CAPE also suppressed the CdCl2-induced inflammation by reducing the inflammatory mediators, including TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. Furthermore, CAPE alleviated CdCl2-induced reduction of TLR4. It should be noted that this effect was achieved by targeting miR-182-5p, and CAPE improved miR-182-5p level. The improvement of the liver tissue histopathology by CAPE confirmed the biochemical data. These results show for the first time that miR-182-5p/TLR4 axis involved in CAPE's protection against CdCl2-induced hepatotoxicity, and may provide novel insights into the treatment of cadmium-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rili Hao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Junlin Ge
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfeng Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China; School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Feng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dapeng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Wang Z, Cao K, Wang D, Hua B, Zhang H, Xie X. Cadmium sulfate induces apoptosis in planarians. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:39308-39316. [PMID: 32648224 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09991-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With rapid socio-economic development, heavy metal pollution in water has become common and affects both environment and human health. Cadmium (Cd) has been recognized as one of the heavy metals which cause acute or chronic toxic effects if ingested. Although its toxicity is undisputed, the underlying molecular mechanisms in vivo are not fully understood. Planarians, a model organism famous for their regenerative prowess, have long been utilized to study the effects of chemical exposure. In this study, we observed apoptosis with TUNEL assay in planarians induced by cadmium sulfate (CdSO4) in a dose-dependent manner. The apoptosis-related genes were detected with quantitative RT-PCR. Significant changes in c-Myc, P53, and BcL-2 were indicated, which may play a partial role in the regulation of the process of apoptosis in the planarians. H&E staining showed that Cd had obvious biological toxicity in the planarians. Here, new insights on metal toxicity mechanisms are provided, contributing to understand how CdSO4 induces the pathological and physiological processes of apoptosis in the living bodies. Meanwhile, planarians are proved to be a freshwater pollution indicator and toxicological research model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Keqing Cao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bingjie Hua
- GeWu Medical Research Institute (GMRI), Xi'an, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
- GeWu Medical Research Institute (GMRI), Xi'an, China.
| | - Xin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
- GeWu Medical Research Institute (GMRI), Xi'an, China.
- Department of Translational Medicine, Institute of Integrated Medical Information, Xi'an, China.
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19
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Wang H, Matsushita MT, Zhang L, Abel GM, Mommer BC, Huddy TF, Storm DR, Xia Z. Inducible and Conditional Stimulation of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis Rescues Cadmium-Induced Impairments of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Hippocampus-Dependent Memory in Mice. Toxicol Sci 2020; 177:263-280. [PMID: 32617577 PMCID: PMC7553705 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal and an environmental pollutant. However, the full spectrum of its neurotoxicity and the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. Our previous studies demonstrated that Cd exposure impairs adult hippocampal neurogenesis and hippocampus-dependent memory in mice. This study aims to determine if these adverse effects of Cd exposure can be mitigated by genetically and conditionally enhancing adult neurogenesis. To address this issue, we utilized the transgenic constitutive active MEK5 (caMEK5) mouse strain we previously developed and characterized. This mouse strain enables us to genetically and conditionally activate adult neurogenesis by administering tamoxifen to induce expression of a caMEK5 in adult neural stem/progenitor cells, which stimulates adult neurogenesis through activation of the endogenous extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. The caMEK5 mice were exposed to 0.6 mg/l Cd through drinking water for 38 weeks. Once impairment of memory was confirmed, tamoxifen was administered to induce caMEK5 expression and to activate adult neurogenesis. Behavior tests were conducted at various time points to monitor hippocampus-dependent memory. Upon completion of the behavior tests, brain tissues were collected for cellular studies of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. We report here that Cd impaired hippocampus-dependent spatial memory and contextual fear memory in mice. These deficits were rescued by the tamoxifen induction of caMEK5 expression. Furthermore, Cd inhibition of adult hippocampal neurogenesis was also reversed. This rescue experiment provides strong evidence for a direct link between Cd-induced impairments of adult hippocampal neurogenesis and hippocampus-dependent memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Toxicology Program, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences
| | - Megumi T Matsushita
- Toxicology Program, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences
| | - Liang Zhang
- Toxicology Program, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences
| | - Glen M Abel
- Toxicology Program, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences
| | - Brett C Mommer
- Toxicology Program, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences
| | | | - Daniel R Storm
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Zhengui Xia
- Toxicology Program, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences
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20
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Supplemental Bacillus subtilis DSM 29784 and enzymes, alone or in combination, as alternatives for antibiotics to improve growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, anti-oxidative status, immune response and the intestinal barrier of broiler chickens. Br J Nutr 2020; 125:494-507. [PMID: 32693847 PMCID: PMC7885174 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520002755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of Bacillus subtilis DSM 29784 (Ba) and enzymes (xylanase and β-glucanases; Enz), alone or in combination (BE) as antibiotic replacements, on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, immune response and the intestinal barrier of broiler chickens. In total, 1200 1-d-old broilers were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments, each with six replicate pens of forty birds for 63 d as follows: (a) basal diet (control), supplemented with (b) 1 × 109 colony-forming units (cfu)/kg Ba, (c) 300 mg/kg Enz, (d) 1 × 109 cfu/kg Ba and 300 mg/kg Enz and (e) 250 mg/kg enramycin (ER). Ba, Enz and BE, similar to ER, decreased the feed conversion rate, maintained intestinal integrity with a higher villus height:crypt depth ratio and increased the numbers of goblet cells. The BE group exhibited higher expression of claudin-1 and mucin 2 than the other four groups. BE supplementation significantly increased the α-diversity and β-diversity of the intestinal microbiota and markedly enhanced lipase activity in the duodenal mucosa. Serum endotoxin was significantly decreased in the BE group. Compared with those in the control group, increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were observed in the jejunal mucosa of the Ba and BE groups, respectively. In conclusion, the results suggested that dietary treatment with Ba, Enz or BE has beneficial effects on growth performance and anti-oxidative capacity, and BE had better effects than Ba or Enz alone on digestive enzyme activity and the intestinal microbiota. Ba or Enz could be used as an alternative to antibiotics for broiler chickens.
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21
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Lead, Mercury and Cadmium in Fish and Shellfish from the Indian Ocean and Red Sea (African Countries): Public Health Challenges. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse8050344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The main aim of this review was to assess the incidence of Pb, Hg and Cd in seafood from African countries on the Indian and the Red Sea coasts and the level of their monitoring and control, where the direct consumption of seafood without quality control are frequently due to the poverty in many African countries. Some seafood from African Indian and the Red Sea coasts such as mollusks and fishes have presented Cd, Pb and Hg concentrations higher than permitted limit by FAOUN/EU regulations, indicating a possible threat to public health. Thus, the operationalization of the heavy metals (HM) monitoring and control is strongly recommended since these countries have laboratories with minimal conditions for HM analysis.
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22
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Bhattacharjee B, Pal PK, Chattopadhyay A, Bandyopadhyay D. Oleic acid protects against cadmium induced cardiac and hepatic tissue injury in male Wistar rats: A mechanistic study. Life Sci 2020; 244:117324. [PMID: 31958420 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible antioxidant role of oleic acid (OA) against Cd-induced injuries in the heart and liver tissues of male Wistar rats. MAIN METHODS Rats were treated with either vehicle (control), or OA (10 mg/kg b.w., fed orally), or Cd (0.44 mg/kg b.w., s.c.), or both (OA + Cd) for 15 days. Following completion of the treatment period, biomarkers of organ damage and oxidative stress including ROS, activities of antioxidant enzymes and their level, activities of Krebs cycle enzymes and respiratory chain enzymes were measured. Levels of interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) were estimated to evaluate the state of inflammation. In addition, changes in mitochondrial membrane potential and status of cytochrome c (Cyt c) were also studied. KEY FINDINGS Pre-treatment of rats with OA significantly protected against Cd-induced detrimental changes possibly by decreasing endogenous ROS through regulation of antioxidant defense system, inflammatory responses and activities of metabolic enzymes. Moreover, OA was also found to restore mitochondrial membrane potential possibly by regulating Cyt c leakage thereby increasing mitochondrial viability. SIGNIFICANCE Our results for the first time demonstrated systematically that OA provided protection against Cd-induced oxidative stress mediated injuries in rat heart and liver tissues through its antioxidant mechanism. The results raise the possibility of using OA singly or in combination with other antioxidants or diet in the treatment of situations arising due to oxidative stress and may have future therapeutic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharati Bhattacharjee
- Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Palash Kumar Pal
- Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Aindrila Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, Vidyasagar College, 39, Sankar Ghosh Lane, Kolkata 700006, India
| | - Debasish Bandyopadhyay
- Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata 700009, India.
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Suljevic D, Corbic A, Islamagic E, Focak M, Filipic F, Alijagic A. Impairments of bone marrow hematopoietic cells followed by the sever erythrocyte damage and necrotic liver as the outcome of chronic in vivo exposure to cadmium: novel insights from quails. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 72:103250. [PMID: 31521044 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a heavy metal classified as an environmental hazard, and its toxicity is subject to extensive research. Japanese quails were exposed to cadmium chloride (CdCl2) ad libitum for 20 days. Bone marrow, peripheral blood and liver were analyzed following the exposure. Moreover, we have provided the very first explanation of hematopoietic lines in Japanese quail. Following CdCl2 exposure, changes in the number, size and morphology of blood cells were observed in both peripheral blood and bone marrow. Alterations included severe erythrocyte damage, monocytosis and lymphopenia. In the liver of Cd-exposed animals we observed necrotic cells, absence of hematopoietic regions and cytogenetic changes of hepatocytes. Alterations in the bone marrow were also noted, as well as giant phagocytic cells, most likely macrophages. In vivo, CdCl2 exposure caused swift and destructive changes in the hematopoietic niche, liver and other tissues responsible for the detoxification cycle of cadmium and its compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damir Suljevic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, 71000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Anida Corbic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, 71000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Erna Islamagic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, 71000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Muhamed Focak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, 71000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Filip Filipic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, 71000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Andi Alijagic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 33-35, 71000, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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Kowalik-Jankowska T, Lesiów M, Krupa K, Kuczer M, Czarniewska E. Copper(ii) complexes with alloferon analogues containing phenylalanine H6F and H12F stability and biological activity lower stabilization of complexes compared to analogues containing tryptophan. Metallomics 2019; 11:1700-1715. [PMID: 31490528 DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00182d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Copper(ii) complex formation processes between alloferon 1 (Allo1) (H1 GVSGH6 GQH9 GVH12G) analogues where the phenylalanine residue is introduced in the place of His residue H6F and H12F have been studied by potentiometric, UV-visible, CD and EPR spectroscopic, and MS methods. For the phenylalanine analogues of alloferon 1, complex speciation has been obtained for a 1 : 1, 2 : 1 and 3 : 1 metal-to-ligand molar ratio. At physiological pH and in 1 : 1 metal-to-ligand molar ratio the phenylalanine analogues of alloferon 1 form a CuL complex similar to that of alanine analogues with the 4N{NH2,N1Im,2NIm} coordination mode. The stability of the complexes of the phenylalanine analogues is higher in comparison to those of alanine analogues, but lower in comparison to those containing tryptophan. Injection of Allo12F into insects induced prominent apoptotic changes in all hemocytes. The presence of apoptotic bodies only in the insect hemolymph testifies to the fact that Allo12F is an extremely pro-apoptotic peptide.
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ThankGod Eze C, Michelangeli F, Otitoloju AA. In vitro cyto-toxic assessment of heavy metals and their binary mixtures on mast cell-like, rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 223:686-693. [PMID: 30802834 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the cytotoxicity and mechanisms of cell death induced by salts of Cadmium (Cd2+), Lead (Pb2+), Arsenic (AsO43-) and Chromium (Cr+6) on RBL-2H3 cells (a model mast cell line). In addition, cyto-toxic effect on cell viability was assessed to reveal their nature of interaction in binary mixture. The individual cytotoxic characteristics of these metals on RBL-2H3 cell viability showed a concentration-dependent reduction of cell viability. We observed that concentration-dependent cytotoxic potency on RBL-2H3 cells of these metals range in the following order Cd2+>Cr+6>As O43- > Pb2+ with LC50 values of 0.11 μM, 93.58 μM, 397.9 μM and 485.3 μM respectively. Additive effects were observed with Pb2+ + Cd2+, Pb2+ + AsO43-, Pb2+ + Cr+6 and AsO43- + Cr+6. The study revealed that Pb2+, Cd2+, AsO43- and Cr+6 could induce significant (P < 0.01) cell death by apoptosis in RBL-2H3. Highly significant necrotic cell death was observed with Pb2+ and Cr+6 (P < 0.01) than Cd2+ and AsO43- (P < 0.05). Overall, it can be deduced that several cell death executing pathways may be concomitantly activated on exposure to heavy metals and the predominance of one over others might depend on the type of heavy metal, concentration and the metabolic state of the cell. Eventually, binary mixtures of some of these metals showed less cytotoxicity than would be expected from their individual actions and may depend on the co-exposure of the metal ions and their modes of action.
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Pérez Díaz MFF, Plateo Pignatari MG, Filippa VP, Mohamed FH, Marchevsky EJ, Gimenez MS, Ramirez DC. A soybean-based diet modulates cadmium-induced vascular apoptosis. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 52:239-246. [PMID: 30732889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) exposure has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. The diet is a modifiable source of protecting or damaging factors that may affect this risk. Herein we tested the hypothesis that a soybean-based diet (SBD) protects the vascular wall of the aorta against Cd-induced pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic effects. To test this hypothesis, we fed male Wistar rats for 60 days with a casein-based diet (CBD) or an SBD. These animals were also exposed to tap-water without (CBD-Co/SBD-Co) or with 15(CBD-15Cd/SBD-15Cd) or 100 (CBD-100Cd/SBD-100Cd) ppm of Cd. Inflammatory parameters (mRNAs and/or proteins) were measured in thoracic aorta tissue. These included inducible and endothelial nitric oxide synthases, cyclooxygenase-2, intracellular-adhesion molecule-1, and vascular cell-adhesion molecule-1. As pro-apoptotic parameters, we measured Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA/protein, as well as TUNEL positive cells in the aorta tissue. Compared to CBD-Co, inflammatory and apoptosis markers increased in the aorta with the concentration of Cd in the drinking water. These effects were not observed in either SBD-15Cd or SBD-100Cd, which were similar to CBD-Co. Cd content in serum and in aortas from animals fed CBD-Co/SBD-15Cd or CBD-Co/SBD-100Cd were similar suggesting that, if any, the effect of SBD is not due to changes in Cd bioaccumulation, but due to secondary effects linked to the composition of the dietary soybean flour. Our findings are consistent with a protective effect of an SBD against Cd-induced inflammation and apoptosis in the thoracic aorta in a rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías F F Pérez Díaz
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Environment, and Metabolism, Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research-San Luis, CCT-San Luis, CONICET-National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Maria G Plateo Pignatari
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Environment, and Metabolism, Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research-San Luis, CCT-San Luis, CONICET-National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina; Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Medicine, Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research-San Luis, CCT-San Luis, CONICET-National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Verónica P Filippa
- Laboratory of Histology, Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research-San Luis, CCT-San Luis, CONICET-National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Fabián H Mohamed
- Laboratory of Histology, Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research-San Luis, CCT-San Luis, CONICET-National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Eduardo J Marchevsky
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - María S Gimenez
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Environment, and Metabolism, Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research-San Luis, CCT-San Luis, CONICET-National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina.
| | - Dario C Ramirez
- Laboratory of Experimental and Translational Medicine, Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research-San Luis, CCT-San Luis, CONICET-National University of San Luis, San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina.
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Hailan WAQ, Abou-Tarboush FM, Al-Anazi KM, Ahmad A, Qasem A, Farah MA. Gemcitabine induced cytotoxicity, DNA damage and hepatic injury in laboratory mice. Drug Chem Toxicol 2018; 43:158-164. [PMID: 30203996 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2018.1504957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to demonstrate cytotoxicity, apoptosis and hepatic damage induced by gemcitabine in laboratory mice. Animals were treated with a single dose of gemcitabine (415 mg/kg body wt), equivalent to a human therapeutic dose, and sacrificed after 1, 2 and 3 weeks. A significant decrease in mean body weight and absolute liver weight was registered. The levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were increased as a result of this induced stress. Various structural changes were observed in the liver tissue of treated mice, as evident in the histological sections. Specifically, gemcitabine exposure was able to induce apoptosis in liver cells, and the incidence of TUNEL positive liver cells was increased compared to the control group. DNA fragmentation appeared on agarose gel and flow cytometry analysis confirmed the induction of apoptosis. These findings in gemcitabine-treated animal tissues suggest that inhibition or disruption of cells' DNA synthesis may be the mechanism by which this drug induces toxicity in the animal body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed A Q Hailan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Khalid M Al-Anazi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areeba Ahmad
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Ahmed Qasem
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Abul Farah
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Evcimen M, Aslan R, Gulay MS. Protective effects of polydatin and grape seed extract in rats exposed to cadmium. Drug Chem Toxicol 2018; 43:225-233. [PMID: 29927664 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2018.1480629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the protective role of polydatin (PD) and grape seed extracts (GSEs) against the effects of cadmium chlorine (CD) application in the rats. Forty-nine adult Wistar albino male rats were used in the study. Rats were assigned into control (saline), CD (5 mg/kg CdCI2), PD (120 mg/kg PD), GSE (120 mg/kg GSE), CD + PD (5 mg/kg CdCI2 + 120 mg/kg PD), CD + GSE (5 mg/kg CdCI2 + 120 mg GSE), and CD + PD + GSE (5 mg/kg CdCI2+120 mg/kg PD +120 mg/kg GSE) treatments (n = 7 per group). The treatments were administered orally for four weeks. CD accumulation was observed in all tissues studied except for the brain tissue. PD and GSE inhibited CD accumulation in erythrocytes and tissues at varying levels. The liver, kidney, brain, and testes showed extensive degenerative histopathological changes in CD group. Liver total oxidant status (TOS) in the CD group increased significantly compared to the control. TOS of kidney, brain, and testis suggested that PD and GSE did not show a strong antioxidant effect in these tissues. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in blood and liver raised significantly in CD-treated rats compared to controls. PD, GSE, and their combinations increased antioxidant potential in all tissues and decreased MDA levels in blood plasma and liver. Overall, the protective effects of PD were more effective than GSE. Results suggested that although the initiation of histopathological changes was present in all tissues, the initiating factor was not the oxidative stress in the tissues studied except for the liver and blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Evcimen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Recep Aslan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sukru Gulay
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
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29
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Wilczek G, Wiśniewska K, Kozina B, Wilczek P, Rost-Roszkowska M, Stalmach M, Skowronek M, Kaszuba F. Effects of food contaminated with cadmium and copper on hemocytes of Steatoda grossa (Araneae: Theridiidae). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 149:267-274. [PMID: 29253786 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the metabolic condition of Steatoda grossa (Theridiidae) spider, from their hemocytes, after a short-term (four-week) exposure to cadmium and copper in sublethal doses by administering them into the body of the preys. The ultrastructure of the dominant types of hemocytes, such as granulocytes, plasmatocytes and prohemocytes, was evaluated using transmission electron microscope (TEM). Quantitative evaluation of apoptotic and necrotic cells, as well as the ones with depolarized mitochondria in hemolymph, was performed using flow cytometry, while ATP concentration and ADP/ATP ratio in hemocytes were measured by luminescent methods. Cadmium, unlike copper, demonstrated proapoptotic and pronecrotic activity. Low ATP levels and high ADP/ATP ratio in hemocytes indicate a disturbance in the energy metabolism of cells and may account for their qualitative and quantitative degenerative changes. The intensification of death processes in hemocytes after an exposure to cadmium-contaminated food may impair the ability of these cells to fight infectious diseases. Copper at the applied dosage was safe for the spiders without causing visible changes in the hemocyte ultrastructure and in the level of analyzed cell death indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grażyna Wilczek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland.
| | - Kamila Wiśniewska
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kozina
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - Piotr Wilczek
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Heart Prosthesis Institute FRK, Wolności 345a, Zabrze 41-800, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rost-Roszkowska
- Department of Embriology and Histology of Animals, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - Monika Stalmach
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - Magdalena Skowronek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - Florentyna Kaszuba
- Department of Embriology and Histology of Animals, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, Katowice 40-007, Poland
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Qian G, Bao Y, Li C, Xie Q, Lu M, Lin Z. Nfu1 Mediated ROS Removal Caused by Cd Stress in Tegillarca granosa. Front Physiol 2017; 8:1061. [PMID: 29326599 PMCID: PMC5741617 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.01061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood clam Tegillarca granosa, a eukaryotic bottom-dwelling bivalve species has a strong ability to tolerate and accumulate cadmium. In our previous study, Nfu1 (iron-sulfur cluster scaffold protein), which is involved in Fe-S cluster biogenesis, was shown to be significantly up-regulated under Cd stress, as determined by proteomic analysis. To investigate the function of Nfu1 in cadmium (Cd) detoxification, the function of blood clam Nfu1 (designated as Tg-Nfu1) was investigated by integrated molecular and protein approaches. The full-length cDNA of Tg-Nfu1 is 1167 bp and encodes a protein of 272 amino acid residues. The deduced Tg-Nfu1 protein is 30 kDa contains a conserved Nfu-N domain and a Fe-S cluster binding motif (C-X-X-C). qRT-PCR analysis revealed that Tg-Nfu1 was ubiquitously expressed in all examined tissues; it was up-regulated in the hepatopancreas and gill, and kept a high level from 9 to 24 h after Cd exposure (250 μg/L). Western blot analysis further revealed that the Tg-Nfu1 protein was also highly expressed in the hepatopancreas and gill after 24 h of Cd stress. Further functional analysis showed that the production of ROS was increased and Cu/ZnSOD activity was inhibited in blood clam, treated with the specific Nfu1 siRNA and Cd stress, respectively. These results suggest that Tg-Nfu1 could protect blood clam from oxidative damage caused by Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Qian
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yongbo Bao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chenghua Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qingqing Xie
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Meng Lu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhihua Lin
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resources, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
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Monaco A, Capriello T, Grimaldi MC, Schiano V, Ferrandino I. Neurodegeneration in zebrafish embryos and adults after cadmium exposure. Eur J Histochem 2017; 61:2833. [PMID: 29313599 PMCID: PMC5656802 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2017.2833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Monaco
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Biology.
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Mohajeri M, Rezaee M, Sahebkar A. Cadmium-induced toxicity is rescued by curcumin: A review. Biofactors 2017; 43:645-661. [PMID: 28719149 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most common environmental and occupational heavy metals with extended distribution. Exposure to Cd may be associated with several deleterious consequences on the liver, bones, kidneys, lungs, testes, brain, immunological, and cardiovascular systems. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as the main mechanism behind its toxicity causes oxidative stress and subsequent damages to lipids, proteins, and DNA. Therefore, antioxidants along with chelating agents have shown promising outcomes against Cd-induced toxicity. Curcumin with various beneficial effects and medical efficacy has been evaluated for its inhibitory activities against biological impairments caused by Cd. Thus, this article is intended to address the effectiveness of curcumin against toxicity following Cd entry. Curcumin can afford to attenuate lipid peroxidation, glutathione depletion, alterations in antioxidant enzyme, and so forth through scavenging and chelating activities or Nrf2/Keap1/ARE pathway induction. © 2017 BioFactors, 43(5):645-661, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mohajeri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rezaee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Zhang R, Yi R, Bi Y, Xing L, Bao J, Li J. The Effect of Selenium on the Cd-Induced Apoptosis via NO-Mediated Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway in Chicken Liver. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 178:310-319. [PMID: 28062951 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0925-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cd-induced apoptosis and the protective effects of Se against Cd-induced injury have been reported in previous studies. However, little is known regarding the effects of Cd-induced apoptosis in hepatic cells and the antagonistic effects of Se on Cd in poultry. In the present study, 128 healthy 31-week-old laying hens were randomly divided into four groups, which were fed basic diets, with the addition of Se (Na2SeO3, 2 mg/kg), Cd (CdCl2, 150 mg/kg), or Se + Cd (150 mg/kg of CdCl2 and 2 mg/kg of Na2SeO3) for 90 days. Ultrastructural changes, nitric oxide (NO) concentrations, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activities, results of the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay of apoptosis, and the expression of iNOS and apoptosis-related genes in livers were determined. It was observed that Cd treatment significantly increased the concentrations of NO and iNOS activity in chicken livers. The production of excessive NO initiated the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Exposure to Cd increased the mRNA and the protein expression levels of iNOS, caspase-3, Bax, p53, and Cyt-c. Furthermore, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 increased, while the expression of Bcl-2 decreased. Treatment with Se significantly alleviated Cd-induced apoptosis in chicken livers, as evidenced by a reduction in the production of NO, iNOS activity, the number of apoptotic cells, and mRNA and protein expression levels of iNOS, caspase-3, Bax, and Cyt-c. It indicated that Cd induced NO-mediated apoptosis through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and Se exerted antagonizing effects. The present study provides new insights as to how Se affects Cd-induced toxicity in the chicken liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runxiang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Yi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanju Bi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Xing
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Li X, Yin P, Zhao L. Effects of individual and combined toxicity of bisphenol A, dibutyl phthalate and cadmium on oxidative stress and genotoxicity in HepG 2 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 105:73-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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35
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Gao S, Wang X, Wang S, Zhu S, Rong R, Xu X. Complex effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on cadmium chloride-induced hepatotoxicity in mice: protective role of metallothionein. Metallomics 2017; 9:706-714. [PMID: 28488724 DOI: 10.1039/c7mt00024c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The wide range of applications of ZnO nanoparticles (nano ZnO) in commercial products and the ubiquitous cadmium (Cd) contamination in the natural environment increase the chance of co-existence of nano ZnO with Cd in the surroundings. To investigate the effects of nano ZnO on CdCl2-induced hepatotoxicity in mice, the histopathologic changes, metallothionein expression, oxidative stress responses and serum biochemical parameters were determined after oral administration of bulk or nano ZnO and/or CdCl2 for seven consecutive days. Bulk or nano ZnO had low toxicity in mice. In contrast, CdCl2 led to significant hepatic oxidative damage, as indicated by hepatic histopathological abnormalities and dysfunction. Bulk and nano ZnO had nearly identical influences on the hepatotoxicity of CdCl2 in mice. Although co-administration of bulk or nano ZnO with CdCl2 had a positive cooperative effect on the hepatic uptake of Cd and Zn, both bulk and nano ZnO significantly attenuated CdCl2-caused hepatic damage via the reduction of oxidative stress. The increase in metallothionein synthesis and the reduction of Cd-induced perturbation of Zn2+ homeostasis after co-administration of bulk or nano ZnO with CdCl2 play two important roles in the protective effect of bulk or nano ZnO on CdCl2-caused hepatic oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Shasha Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Shanshan Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Rui Rong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China.
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Mallya R, Chatterjee PK, Vinodini NA, Chatterjee P, Mithra P. Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract: Beneficial Effects on Cadmium Induced Toxicities - A Review. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:CE01-CE04. [PMID: 28571135 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/21796.9671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Environment has been contaminated by heavy metals ever since the original magma of earth has solidified. One such toxin is cadmium. Cadmium that has been around since the industrial age, is considered hazardous both to us and to the environment. From time immemorial man is dependent on plants available in nature for several health benefits. Moringa oleifera, has nutritional, pharmacological and antioxidant properties, thus having several medicinal applications. In the present article, we discuss the dose and time dependent damage due to exposure to cadmium on kidneys, liver, testis, lipid profile and haematological parameters in adult Wistar rats and the protective effects of Moringa oleifera (pre-treatment) on cadmium induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roopashree Mallya
- Tutor, Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College (KMC), Manipal University (MU), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Pratik Kumar Chatterjee
- Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College (KMC), Manipal University (MU), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - N A Vinodini
- Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College (KMC), Manipal University (MU), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Poulomi Chatterjee
- Dietician, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Formerly Attached To Manipal Ecron Acu-Nova Kh Clinical Research Centre, Manipal University (MU), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Prasanna Mithra
- Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College (KMC), Manipal University (MU), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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37
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Fang Z, Chen Z, Wang S, Shi P, Shen Y, Zhang Y, Xiao J, Huang Z. Overexpression of OLE1 Enhances Cytoplasmic Membrane Stability and Confers Resistance to Cadmium in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Appl Environ Microbiol 2017; 83:e02319-16. [PMID: 27793829 PMCID: PMC5165106 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02319-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The heavy metal cadmium is widely used and released into the environment, posing a severe threat to crops and humans. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the most commonly used organisms in the investigation of environmental metal toxicity. We investigated cadmium stress and the adaptive mechanisms of yeast by screening a genome-wide essential gene overexpression library. A candidate gene, OLE1, encodes a delta-9 desaturase and was associated with high anti-cadmium-stress activity. The results demonstrated that the expression of OLE1 was positively correlated with cadmium stress tolerance and induction was independent of Mga2p and Spt23p (important regulatory factors for OLE1). Moreover, in response to cadmium stress, cellular levels of monounsaturated fatty acids were increased. The addition of exogenous unsaturated fatty acids simulated overexpression of OLE1, leading to cadmium resistance. Such regulation of OLE1 in the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids may serve as a positive feedback mechanism to help cells counter the lipid peroxidation and cytoplasmic membrane damage caused by cadmium. IMPORTANCE A S. cerevisiae gene encoding a delta-9 desaturase, OLE1, was associated with high anti-cadmium-stress activity. The data suggest that the regulation of OLE1 in the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids may serve as a positive feedback mechanism to help yeast cells counter the lipid peroxidation and cytoplasmic membrane damage caused by cadmium. The discovery of OLE1 involvement in membrane stability may indicate a novel defense strategy against cadmium stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijia Fang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongxiang Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhu Shen
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Youshang Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junhua Xiao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
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Ravindran G, Chakrabarty D, Sarkar A. Cell specific stress responses of cadmium-induced cytotoxicity. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2016; 21:23-30. [PMID: 30460048 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2016.1267041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is one of the age old toxic heavy metal, detrimental to the biological system. In this study, we explored the cellular and molecular mechanisms induced on exposure to different concentrations of cadmium chloride (CdCl2), on three different human cell lines with wild type p53, viz., A549, HEK293 and HCT116. We investigated whether the cellular responses followed, displayed any specific pattern related to their viability, mitochondrial respiration, DNA damage and apoptotic gene expression. All the cell lines showed decrease in viability following exposure to CdCl2. p53 was transcriptionally down regulated in all the three cell lines, but with different extents, in response to increasing concentration of cadmium. The cellular responses of the three cell lines were compared with that of a p53 knock out cell line (HCT116p53-/-). The p53 knock out cell line was highly sensitive to cadmium-induced toxicity; so was the cell line in which p53 mRNA expression was highly down regulated. This might implicate an unknown protective role of p53 signaling during heavy metal toxicity and that one of the possible mechanisms by which cadmium manifests its cytotoxic effect is through the transcriptional down regulation of p53 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geethanjali Ravindran
- CMBL, Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Goa, India
| | - Dibakar Chakrabarty
- CMBL, Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Goa, India
| | - Angshuman Sarkar
- CMBL, Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani K K Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Goa, India
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Wang JF, Ren X, DeAngelis J, Min J, Zhang Y, Hampton TG, Amende I, Morgan JP. Differential Patterns of Cocaine-Induced Organ Toxicity in Murine Heart versus Liver. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 226:52-60. [PMID: 11368239 DOI: 10.1177/153537020122600108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine cocaine's toxicity in different organs, BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally injected daily for 15 days with either saline or cocaine: 10 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, or 60 mg/kg. Cardiac function, hepatic pathophysiology, heart and liver apoptosis, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) levels were analyzed. After administration of cocaine, cardiac function decreased. Inflammatory cell infiltration and eosinophilic contraction bands were visible in the hearts of mice treated with 60mg/kg cocaine. Moreover, histopathology demonstrated that cocaine caused hepatic necrosis. TdT-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining and DNA ladder analysis indicated that cocaine caused apoptosis in both the heart and liver. Moreover, immunoassay showed that TNF-α levels significantly increased in the heart and liver with cocaine administration. However, our RT-PCR study showed that there was no significant difference in either the heart or liver in the levels of mRNA for TNF-α between cocaine-treated and saline control mice. The present study demonstrated that cocaine is toxic to multiple organs, and at low dose can induce hepatic damage without gross pathological injury to the heart. The results suggest that the liver is more sensitive than the heart to cocaine toxicity, and induction of apoptosis or TNF-α elevation may be a common mechanism responsible for cocaines toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Wang
- The Charles A. Dana Research Institute and Harvard-Thorndike Laboratory, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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Imtiaz M, Mushtaq MA, Rizwan MS, Arif MS, Yousaf B, Ashraf M, Shuanglian X, Rizwan M, Mehmood S, Tu S. Comparison of antioxidant enzyme activities and DNA damage in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes exposed to vanadium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:19787-19796. [PMID: 27411539 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7192-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study was done to elucidate the effects of vanadium (V) on photosynthetic pigments, membrane damage, antioxidant enzymes, protein, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) integrity in the following chickpea genotypes: C-44 (tolerant) and Balkasar (sensitive). Changes in these parameters were strikingly dependent on levels of V, at 60 and 120 mg V L(-1) induced DNA damage in Balkasar only, while photosynthetic pigments and protein were decreased from 15 to 120 mg V L(-1) and membrane was also damaged. It was shown that photosynthetic pigments and protein production declined from 15 to 120 mg V L(-1) and the membrane was also damaged, while DNA damage was not observed at any level of V stress in C-44. Moreover, the antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) were increased in both genotypes of chickpea against V stress; however, more activities were observed in C-44 than Balkasar. The results suggest that DNA damage in sensitive genotypes can be triggered due to exposure of higher vanadium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imtiaz
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Adnan Mushtaq
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Shahid Rizwan
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Saleem Arif
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Balal Yousaf
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and the Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Xiong Shuanglian
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Sajid Mehmood
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shuxin Tu
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Jingzhou, 434023, China.
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Tang S, Doering JA, Sun J, Beitel SC, Shekh K, Patterson S, Crawford S, Giesy JP, Wiseman SB, Hecker M. Linking Oxidative Stress and Magnitude of Compensatory Responses with Life-Stage Specific Differences in Sensitivity of White Sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to Copper or Cadmium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:9717-9726. [PMID: 27509013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b03301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Sensitivity of white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to copper (Cu) or cadmium (Cd) has been shown to significantly differ as a function of life-stage. This study investigated oxidative stress, metal homeostasis, and associated compensatory responses as potential mechanisms of this sensitivity pattern in three early life-stages. Sturgeon were most sensitive to Cu at 15 days post hatch (dph), which was accompanied by a significant increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO). Genes involved with amelioration of oxidative stress were significantly less inducible at this stage than in older, less sensitive fry. At 48 dph, acute lethality of sturgeon exposed to Cd was greatest and body LPO was significantly induced by 3.5-fold at 5 μg Cd/L. Moreover, there was a small but significant increase in antioxidative responses. At 139 dph, sturgeon were most tolerant to Cu and Cd and accumulation of these metals was least. Also, expression of metallothionein (MT) and apoptotic genes were greatest while expression of metal transporters was reduced and concentration of LPO was not different from controls. Our results suggest that life-stage specific sensitivity of white sturgeon to metals is complex, encompassing differences in the ability to mount compensatory responses important for metal homeostasis and combating oxidative stress and concomitant damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Tang
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Canada
| | - Jon A Doering
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
- Toxicology Graduate Program, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Jianxian Sun
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Shawn C Beitel
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
- Toxicology Graduate Program, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Kamran Shekh
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
- Toxicology Graduate Program, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Sarah Patterson
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
- Toxicology Graduate Program, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Sarah Crawford
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
- Toxicology Graduate Program, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - John P Giesy
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
- Zoology Department, Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University , Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
| | - Steve B Wiseman
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Markus Hecker
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Canada
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
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Zhang Y, Xu X, Zhu S, Song J, Yan X, Gao S. Combined toxicity of Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles and cadmium chloride in mice. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2016; 5:1309-1317. [PMID: 30090435 PMCID: PMC6061914 DOI: 10.1039/c6tx00190d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials have been widely used in diverse areas. Heavy metals are ubiquitous environmental pollutants. In spite of the real risk of humans' co-exposure to nanoparticles and heavy metals, their combined toxicity has received little attention. We have reported that silica nanoparticles and CdCl2 have a positive synergistic toxicity in mice. Here, we demonstrate that Fe3O4 nanoparticles (nano-Fe3O4) and CdCl2 have a negative synergistic toxicity in mice. Nano-Fe3O4 showed low toxicity in mice. In contrast, CdCl2 caused significant oxidative damage mainly in the liver as indicated by severe liver dysfunction and histopathological abnormalities. Co-exposure to nano-Fe3O4 and CdCl2 significantly attenuated CdCl2-induced damage in the liver through reduction of oxidative stress. Nano-Fe3O4 and CdCl2 had negative cooperative effects on the biodistributions of Fe and Cd in mice due to mutually competitive inhibition of Fe and Cd uptake. The reduction of Cd accumulation in tissues and the inhibition of Cd-induced deprivation of tissue Fe by nano-Fe3O4 played two key roles in the protective effect of nano-Fe3O4 on CdCl2-induced oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , 230026 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86 551 63603214
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , 230026 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86 551 63603214
| | - Shanshan Zhu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , 230026 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86 551 63603214
| | - Jiajia Song
- Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , 230026 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86 551 63603214
| | - Xincheng Yan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , 230026 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86 551 63603214
| | - Shang Gao
- Department of Chemistry , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , 230026 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86 551 63603214
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Dumkova J, Vrlikova L, Vecera Z, Putnova B, Docekal B, Mikuska P, Fictum P, Hampl A, Buchtova M. Inhaled Cadmium Oxide Nanoparticles: Their in Vivo Fate and Effect on Target Organs. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17060874. [PMID: 27271611 PMCID: PMC4926408 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing amount of heavy metals used in manufacturing equivalently increases hazards of environmental pollution by industrial products such as cadmium oxide (CdO) nanoparticles. Here, we aimed to unravel the CdO nanoparticle destiny upon their entry into lungs by inhalations, with the main focus on the ultrastructural changes that the nanoparticles may cause to tissues of the primary and secondary target organs. We indeed found the CdO nanoparticles to be transported from the lungs into secondary target organs by blood. In lungs, inhaled CdO nanoparticles caused significant alterations in parenchyma tissue including hyperemia, enlarged pulmonary septa, congested capillaries, alveolar emphysema and small areas of atelectasis. Nanoparticles were observed in the cytoplasm of cells lining bronchioles, in the alveolar spaces as well as inside the membranous pneumocytes and in phagosomes of lung macrophages. Nanoparticles even penetrated through the membrane into some organelles including mitochondria and they also accumulated in the cytoplasmic vesicles. In livers, inhalation caused periportal inflammation and local hepatic necrosis. Only minor changes such as diffusely thickened filtration membrane with intramembranous electron dense deposits were observed in kidney. Taken together, inhaled CdO nanoparticles not only accumulated in lungs but they were also transported to other organs causing serious damage at tissue as well as cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Dumkova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Vrlikova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Zbynek Vecera
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Barbora Putnova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Bohumil Docekal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Mikuska
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Fictum
- Department of Pathological Morphology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno 612 42, Czech Republic.
| | - Ales Hampl
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Marcela Buchtova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v.i., Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic.
- Department of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic.
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Ramambason C, Moroy G, Daubigney F, Paul JL, Janel N. Effect of cadmium administration in hyperhomocysteinemic mice due to cystathionine beta synthase deficiency. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:365-70. [PMID: 27165444 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Homocysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid formed during the metabolism of methionine, is commonly slightly elevated in the plasma of the general population. Additionally, we previously found that cystathionine beta synthase-deficient mice, a murine model of hyperhomocysteinemia, exhibit altered activities of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XME), which dispose of foreign chemicals, in the liver. Thus, hyperhomocysteinemia may result in susceptibility to xenobiotics like cadmium, a heavy-metal toxicant found in drinking water, atmospheric air, and food. Consequently, we exposed hyperhomocysteinemic mice to cadmium via their drinking water for one month to analyze the combined effects of hyperhomocysteinemia and cadmium exposure in liver. No difference in plasma homocysteine level was found after cadmium administration in control and hyperhomocysteinemic mice, but the glutathione level was significantly lower in exposed hyperhomocysteinemic mice compared to control mice, reflecting oxidative stress. We therefore analyzed the effect of Cd administration on hepatic XMEs known to be dysregulated in hyperhomocysteinemic mice: paraoxonase 1, a phase I XME, and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase, a phase II XME. Cadmium exposure negatively affected activity of paraoxonase 1, a calcium-dependent enzyme. Thus, we analyzed another calcium-dependent enzyme known to be dysregulated in liver of hyperhomocysteinemic mice, calpain, which was also significantly lower after cadmium administration. A comparison of the calculated affinities of cadmium docking versus calcium redocking suggested that cadmium ions may inhibit enzymatic activities by preventing the binding of calcium ions. Moreover, the increased NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase activity observed after cadmium administration could indicate the presence of protective mechanisms in liver of mice. In conclusion, although cadmium administration had no effect on plasma homocysteine level, its effects on plasma glutathionine level suggest a susceptibility to cadmium in the condition of hyperhomocysteinemia, which could be countered by an increased NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Ramambason
- Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA), UMR 8251 CNRS, F-75205 Paris, France
| | - Gautier Moroy
- Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM UMRS-973, MTi, F-75205 Paris, France
| | - Fabrice Daubigney
- Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA), UMR 8251 CNRS, F-75205 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Paul
- AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service de Biochimie, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Janel
- Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA), UMR 8251 CNRS, F-75205 Paris, France.
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Acute exposure to cadmium induces prolonged neutrophilia along with delayed induction of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in the livers of mice. Arch Toxicol 2016; 90:3005-3015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1661-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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46
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Skipper A, Sims JN, Yedjou CG, Tchounwou PB. Cadmium Chloride Induces DNA Damage and Apoptosis of Human Liver Carcinoma Cells via Oxidative Stress. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13010088. [PMID: 26729151 PMCID: PMC4730479 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium is a heavy metal that has been shown to cause its toxicity in humans and animals. Many documented studies have shown that cadmium produces various genotoxic effects such as DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations. Ailments such as bone disease, renal damage, and several forms of cancer are attributed to overexposure to cadmium. Although there have been numerous studies examining the effects of cadmium in animal models and a few case studies involving communities where cadmium contamination has occurred, its molecular mechanisms of action are not fully elucidated. In this research, we hypothesized that oxidative stress plays a key role in cadmium chloride-induced toxicity, DNA damage, and apoptosis of human liver carcinoma (HepG₂) cells. To test our hypothesis, cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Lipid hydroperoxide content stress was estimated by lipid peroxidation assay. Genotoxic damage was tested by the means of alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet) assay. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry assessment (Annexin-V/PI assay). The result of MTT assay indicated that cadmium chloride induces toxicity to HepG₂ cells in a concentration-dependent manner, showing a 48 hr-LD50 of 3.6 µg/mL. Data generated from lipid peroxidation assay resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) increase of hydroperoxide production, specifically at the highest concentration tested. Data obtained from the Comet assay indicated that cadmium chloride causes DNA damage in HepG₂ cells in a concentration-dependent manner. A strong concentration-response relationship (p < 0.05) was recorded between annexin V positive cells and cadmium chloride exposure. In summary, these in vitro studies provide clear evidence that cadmium chloride induces oxidative stress, DNA damage, and programmed cell death in human liver carcinoma (HepG₂) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Skipper
- Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, NIH-Center for Environmental Health, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Box 18540, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
| | - Jennifer N Sims
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Bookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Clement G Yedjou
- Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, NIH-Center for Environmental Health, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Box 18540, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
| | - Paul B Tchounwou
- Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, NIH-Center for Environmental Health, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 Lynch Street, Box 18540, Jackson, MS 39217, USA.
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Cadmium Chloride Induces DNA Damage and Apoptosis of Human Liver Carcinoma Cells via Oxidative Stress. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016. [PMID: 26729151 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13010088]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a heavy metal that has been shown to cause its toxicity in humans and animals. Many documented studies have shown that cadmium produces various genotoxic effects such as DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations. Ailments such as bone disease, renal damage, and several forms of cancer are attributed to overexposure to cadmium. Although there have been numerous studies examining the effects of cadmium in animal models and a few case studies involving communities where cadmium contamination has occurred, its molecular mechanisms of action are not fully elucidated. In this research, we hypothesized that oxidative stress plays a key role in cadmium chloride-induced toxicity, DNA damage, and apoptosis of human liver carcinoma (HepG₂) cells. To test our hypothesis, cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Lipid hydroperoxide content stress was estimated by lipid peroxidation assay. Genotoxic damage was tested by the means of alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet) assay. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry assessment (Annexin-V/PI assay). The result of MTT assay indicated that cadmium chloride induces toxicity to HepG₂ cells in a concentration-dependent manner, showing a 48 hr-LD50 of 3.6 µg/mL. Data generated from lipid peroxidation assay resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) increase of hydroperoxide production, specifically at the highest concentration tested. Data obtained from the Comet assay indicated that cadmium chloride causes DNA damage in HepG₂ cells in a concentration-dependent manner. A strong concentration-response relationship (p < 0.05) was recorded between annexin V positive cells and cadmium chloride exposure. In summary, these in vitro studies provide clear evidence that cadmium chloride induces oxidative stress, DNA damage, and programmed cell death in human liver carcinoma (HepG₂) cells.
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ODEWUMI CAROLINE, LATINWO LEKANM, SINCLAIR ANDRE, BADISA VEERAL, ABDULLAH AHKINYALA, BADISA RAMESHB. Effect of cadmium on the expression levels of interleukin-1α and interleukin-10 cytokines in human lung cells. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:6422-6. [PMID: 26397147 PMCID: PMC4626121 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is an environmentally hazardous metal, which causes toxicity in humans. Inhalation of cigarette smoke and industrial fumes containing cadmium are sources of cadmium exposure. It is responsible for the malfunction of various organs, leading to disease particularly in the lungs, liver and kidneys. In the present study, the effect of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) on cell viability, and the expression levels of interleukin (IL)‑1α and IL‑10 cytokines at various concentrations and incubation durations were assessed in MRC‑9 human normal lung and A549 human lung cancer cells to elucidate the mechanism of cadmium toxicity. Cell viability was measured using a crystal violet dye binding assay. The expression levels of the cytokines were measured by cytokine specific enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay kits. The viability assay results revealed higher sensitivity of the A549 lung cancer cells to CdCl2 compared with the normal MRC‑9 lung cells. In the normal MRC‑9 lung cells, higher expression levels of the cytokines were observed at the lowest CdCl2 concentration at a shorter exposure time compared with the lung cancer cells. Higher levels of the cytokines were observed in the A549 lung cancer cells at all other times and concentrations compared with the MRC‑9 cells, indicating higher levels of inflammation. The cytokine levels were reduced at higher CdCl2 concentrations and longer exposure durations, demonstrating the toxic effect of cadmium. The results indicated that CdCl2 affected the expression levels of the cytokines and led to cytotoxicity in human lung cells, and suggested that compounds which reduce inflammation may prevent cadmium toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- CAROLINE ODEWUMI
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - LEKAN M. LATINWO
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - ANDRE SINCLAIR
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - VEERA L.D. BADISA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
| | - AHKINYALA ABDULLAH
- Department of Integrated Environmental Science and Natural Science, School of Science Engineering and Math, Bethune-Cookman University, Daytona Beach, FL 32114, USA
| | - RAMESH B. BADISA
- Department of Basic Science, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA
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Peng T, Wang WN, Gu MM, Xie CY, Xiao YC, Liu Y, Wang L. Essential roles of Cdc42 and MAPK in cadmium-induced apoptosis in Litopenaeus vannamei. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 163:89-96. [PMID: 25863597 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium, one of the most toxic heavy metals in aquatic environments, has severe effects on marine invertebrates and fishes. The MAPK signaling pathway plays a vital role in stress responses of animals. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway plays a vital role in animals' stress responses, including mediation of apoptosis induced by the Rho GTPase Cdc42. However, there is limited knowledge about its function in shrimps, although disorders exacerbated by environmental stresses (including heavy metal pollution) have caused serious mortality in commercially cultured shrimps. Thus, we probed roles of Cdc42 in Litopenaeus vannamei shrimps (LvCdc42) during cadmium exposure by inhibiting its expression using dsRNA-mediated RNA interference. The treatment successfully reduced expression levels of MAPKs (including p38, JNK, and ERK). Cadmium exposure induced significant increases in expression levels of LvCdc42 and MAPKs, accompanied by reductions in total hemocyte counts (THC) and increases in apoptotic hemocyte ratios and ROS production. However, all of these responses were much weaker in LvCdc42-suppressed shrimps, in which mortality rates were higher than in controls. Our results suggest that the MAPK pathway plays a vital role in shrimps' responses to Cd(2+). They also indicate that LvCdc42 in shrimps participates in its regulation, and thus plays key roles in ROS production, regulation of apoptosis and associated stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Peng
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Wei-Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China.
| | - Mei-Mei Gu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Chen-Ying Xie
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Yu-Chao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
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Odewumi CO, Fils-Aime S, Badisa VLD, Latinwo LM, Ruden ML, Ikediobi C, Badisa RB. Chemoprotective effect of monoisoamyl 2, 3-dimercaptosuccinate (MiADMS) on cytokines expression in cadmium chloride treated human lung cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:704-11. [PMID: 24420767 PMCID: PMC4096614 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is commercially profitable element, but it causes toxicity in humans and animals leading to diseases in various organs. The main route of cadmium exposure to humans is through inhalation. Lungs respond to insult through secretion of cytokines. In this study, the chemoprotective effect of monoisoamyl 2, 3-dimercaptosuccinate (MiADMS) was evaluated on viability and cytokines expression in CdCl2 treated human lung A549 cells by cytokine array. Cells were treated with 0, 50, 75, and 100 µM CdCl2 alone, 300 µM MiADMS alone, and co-treated with 300 µM MiADMS and 75 µM CdCl2 for 24 h. The viability was measured by crystal violet dye. The level of cytokines in the cells' lysate and cell culture medium was measured using Ray Biotech's Human Cytokine Array 6 in control cells, 75 µM CdCl2 alone and MiADMS co-treated cells. Array results were validated by ELISA kit. The CdCl2 caused a dose dependent decrease in cell viability, while MiADMS co-treatment resulted in a significant increase in viability of CdCl2 treated cells. Morphology of the cells treated with CdCl2 was destroyed, while MiADMS restored the lost shape in CdCl2 treated cells. In addition, the cells co-treated with MiADMS and CdCl2 showed modulation of cytokines expression in comparison to the CdCl2 alone treated cells. The ELISA results showed the similar pattern of cytokine expression as Human Cytokine Array and validated the array results. These results clearly show the chemoprotective effect of MiADMS and suggest that MiADMS can be used as antidote at moderate dose against CdCl2 toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline O Odewumi
- Departments of Biology, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Shiela Fils-Aime
- Departments of Biology, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Veera L D Badisa
- Departments of Biology, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Lekan M Latinwo
- Departments of Biology, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Michael L Ruden
- Departments of Biology, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | | | - Ramesh B Badisa
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
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