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Afshar A, Khoradmehr A, Zare A, Basouli N, Keshtkar M, Nabipour I, Mahdipour M, Mahmoudpour M, Kaliyev AA, Mussin NM, Baspakova A, Tamadon A. Histological evaluation of renal progenitor/stem cells, renal mesenchymal stem-like cells, and endothelial progenitor cells in chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease, and molecular docking analysis of drug-receptor interactions. Tissue Cell 2024; 90:102527. [PMID: 39181089 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are prevalent and debilitating conditions with a significant impact on patients' quality of life. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive investigation into the histological characteristics of renal progenitor/stem cells (RPCs), renal mesenchymal stem-like cells, and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in CKD and ESRD patients. Additionally, we performed a molecular docking analysis to explore potential drug-receptor interactions involving common medications prescribed to CKD patients. Our histological examination revealed a noteworthy increase in the number of CD24- and CD133-positive cells in CKD and ESRD patients, representing RPCs. These cells are implicated in kidney repair and regeneration, underscoring their potential role in CKD management. Moreover, we observed an elevation in the number of EPCs within the kidneys of CKD and ESRD patients, suggesting a protective role of EPCs in kidney preservation. The molecular docking analysis unveiled intriguing insights into potential drug interventions. Notably, digoxin exhibited the highest in-silico binding affinity to numerous receptors associated with the functions of RPCs, renal mesenchymal stem-like cells, and EPCs, emphasizing the potential multifaceted effects of this cardiac glycoside in CKD patients. Other drugs, including apixaban, glimepiride, and glibenclamide, also displayed strong in-silico affinities to specific receptors, indicating their potential influence on various renal cell functions. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the histological alterations in renal cell populations in CKD and ESRD patients and underscores the potential roles of RPCs and EPCs in kidney repair and preservation. The molecular docking analysis reveals the complex interactions between common drugs and renal cells, suggesting the need for further in-vitro and in-vivo research to fully understand these relationships. These findings contribute to our understanding of CKD and offer new avenues for research into potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Afshar
- Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Arezoo Khoradmehr
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | | | - Nahid Basouli
- Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | | | - Iraj Nabipour
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahdipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mahmoudpour
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Asset A Kaliyev
- General Surgery, West-Kazakhstan Medical University named after Marat Ospanov, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Nadiar M Mussin
- General Surgery, West-Kazakhstan Medical University named after Marat Ospanov, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Akmaral Baspakova
- Department for Scientific Work, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Amin Tamadon
- PerciaVista R&D Co., Shiraz, Iran; Department of Natural Sciences, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan; Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Wang M, Liu X, Ding B, Lu Q, Ma J. SGLT2 inhibitor Dapagliflozin alleviates cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis after myocardial infarction by activating PXR and promoting angiogenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116994. [PMID: 38889638 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) has emerged as the primary cause of global mortality. Managing blood sugar levels could play a vital role in the treatment of MI. Dapagliflozin (DPG), a commonly used hypoglycemic drug, has demonstrated efficacy in treating heart failure. However, the impact of DPG on MI remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of DPG in relation to MI. METHODS AND RESULTS DPG administration alleviated MI-induced cardiac dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis. We also found that DPG administration mitigated cardiomyocyte apoptosis through TUNEL staining. CD31 and α-Sma staining revealed that DPG promotes post-MI angiogenesis in mice. In vitro, using scratch assays, transwell assays, and tube formation assays, we discovered that DPG enhanced HUVEC proliferation capacity. Mechanistically, DPG promoted the expression of extracellular matrix genes and mitochondrial function-related genes. Additionally, molecular docking identified the interaction between DPG and PXR, which activated PXR and recruited it to the promoters of Pgam2 and Tcap, promoting their expressions, thus facilitating angiogenesis and post-MI heart repair. CONCLUSIONS DPG promotes angiogenesis by activating PXR, thereby alleviating cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis after myocardial infarction. This study provides new strategies and targets for the treatment of ischemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiameng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Bo Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210012, China
| | - Qiulun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Jianhua Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210012, China.
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Kumar KK, Aburawi EH, Ljubisavljevic M, Leow MKS, Feng X, Ansari SA, Emerald BS. Exploring histone deacetylases in type 2 diabetes mellitus: pathophysiological insights and therapeutic avenues. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:78. [PMID: 38862980 PMCID: PMC11167878 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01692-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that impairs metabolism, and its prevalence has reached an epidemic proportion globally. Most people affected are with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is caused by a decline in the numbers or functioning of pancreatic endocrine islet cells, specifically the β-cells that release insulin in sufficient quantity to overcome any insulin resistance of the metabolic tissues. Genetic and epigenetic factors have been implicated as the main contributors to the T2DM. Epigenetic modifiers, histone deacetylases (HDACs), are enzymes that remove acetyl groups from histones and play an important role in a variety of molecular processes, including pancreatic cell destiny, insulin release, insulin production, insulin signalling, and glucose metabolism. HDACs also govern other regulatory processes related to diabetes, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis, revealed by network and functional analysis. This review explains the current understanding of the function of HDACs in diabetic pathophysiology, the inhibitory role of various HDAC inhibitors (HDACi), and their functional importance as biomarkers and possible therapeutic targets for T2DM. While their role in T2DM is still emerging, a better understanding of the role of HDACi may be relevant in improving insulin sensitivity, protecting β-cells and reducing T2DM-associated complications, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kukkala Kiran Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Elhadi Husein Aburawi
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Milos Ljubisavljevic
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Melvin Khee Shing Leow
- LKC School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- Dept of Endocrinology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xu Feng
- Department of Biochemistry, YLL School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Suraiya Anjum Ansari
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- ASPIRE Precision Medicine Research Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bright Starling Emerald
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- ASPIRE Precision Medicine Research Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Sun X, Zhang C, Ma Y, He Y, Zhang X, Wu J. Association between diabetes mellitus and primary restenosis following endovascular treatment: a comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:132. [PMID: 38650038 PMCID: PMC11036687 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02201-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Diabetes mellitus (DM) is thought to be closely related to arterial stenotic or occlusive disease caused by atherosclerosis. However, there is still no definitive clinical evidence to confirm that patients with diabetes have a higher risk of restenosis. OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effect of DM on restenosis among patients undergoing endovascular treatment, such as percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) or stenting. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION The PubMed/Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane Library electronic databases were searched from 01/1990 to 12/2022, without language restrictions. Trials were included if they satisfied the following eligibility criteria: (1) RCTs of patients with or without DM; (2) lesions confined to the coronary arteries or femoral popliteal artery; (3) endovascular treatment via PTA or stenting; and (4) an outcome of restenosis at the target lesion site. The exclusion criteria included the following: (1) greater than 20% of patients lost to follow-up and (2) a secondary restenosis operation. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two researchers independently screened the titles and abstracts for relevance, obtained full texts of potentially eligible studies, and assessed suitability based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.. Disagreements were resolved through consultation with a third researcher. Treatment effects were measured by relative ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using random effects models. The quality of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The main observation endpoint was restenosis, including > 50% stenosis at angiography, or TLR of the primary operation lesion during the follow-up period. RESULTS A total of 31,066 patients from 20 RCTs were included. Patients with DM had a higher risk of primary restenosis after endovascular treatment (RR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.25-1.62; p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This meta-analysis of all currently available RCTs showed that patients with DM are more prone to primary restenosis after endovascular treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Sun
- Department of General Surgery (Vascular Surgery), Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- Department of Interventional Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- Laboratory of Nucleic Acids in Medicine for National High-Level Talents, Nucleic Acid Medicine of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, King's College London, London, SE5 9NU, UK.
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Center of Vascular and Interventional Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University &The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Yarong Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yanzheng He
- Department of General Surgery (Vascular Surgery), Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Medicine, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medicine Research Innovation Center for Cardiometabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, and Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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Tshivhase AM, Matsha T, Raghubeer S. Resveratrol attenuates high glucose-induced inflammation and improves glucose metabolism in HepG2 cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1106. [PMID: 38212345 PMCID: PMC10784549 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50084-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by impaired glucose and insulin metabolism, resulting in chronic hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia-induced inflammation is linked to the onset and progression of diabetes. Resveratrol (RES), a polyphenol phytoalexin, is studied in diabetes therapeutics research. This study evaluates the effect of RES on inflammation and glucose metabolism in HepG2 cells exposed to high glucose. Inflammation and glucose metabolism-related genes were investigated using qPCR. Further, inflammatory genes were analyzed by applying ELISA and Bioplex assays. High glucose significantly increases IKK-α, IKB-α, and NF-kB expression compared to controls. Increased NF-kB expression was followed by increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-β, and COX2. RES treatment significantly reduced the expression of NF-kB, IKK-α, and IKB-α, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines. High glucose levels reduced the expression of TGFβ1, while treatment with RES increased the expression of TGFβ1. As glucose levels increased, PEPCK expression was reduced, and GCK expression was increased in HepG2 cells treated with RES. Further, HepG2 cells cultured with high glucose showed significant increases in KLF7 and HIF1A but decreased SIRT1. Moreover, RES significantly increased SIRT1 expression and reduced KLF7 and HIF1A expression levels. Our results indicated that RES could attenuate high glucose-induced inflammation and enhance glucose metabolism in HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abegail Mukhethwa Tshivhase
- SAMRC/CPUT Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Tandi Matsha
- SAMRC/CPUT Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
- Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa, 0208, South Africa
| | - Shanel Raghubeer
- SAMRC/CPUT Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, 7535, South Africa.
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Mohanraj N, Prasanth S, Rajapriya P, Vinothkumar G, Vinodhini VM, Janardhanan R, Venkataraman P. Bisphenol A accelerates the vascular complications in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus through vascular calcification-a molecular approach. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2023; 96:1291-1299. [PMID: 37698613 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-023-02007-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Environmental pollutant Bisphenol A (BPA) strongly interacts with insulin resistance, which leads to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Uncontrolled glucose levels in both blood and urine develops vascular complications in T2DM patients. However, glucose-controlled diabetic patients are also affected by vascular complications due to vascular calcification, and there is a lack of clinically relevant data on BPA levels available in patients with T2DM-associated vascular complications due to vascular calcification. Therefore, we measured BPA levels in T2DM-associated vascular complications and correlated systemic BPA levels with vascular calcification-related gene expression. METHODS This study included 120 participants with T2DM and its associated vascular complications. Serum and urinary BPA were estimated using an ELISA kit, and gene expression of the study participants in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was studied with quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS Serum and urinary BPA levels were higher in T2DM and its associated vascular complications with CVD and DN patients compared to control. Both Serum and urinary BPA had higher significance with Sirt1 (p < 0.001, p < 0.001), Runx2 (p < 0.01, p < 0.001) and IL-1beta (p < 0.001, p < 0.02) gene expression in the study groups, but, TNF-alpha significant with Serum BPA (p < 0.04), not urinary BPA (p < 0.31). CONCLUSION BPA levels were positively correlated with lower Sirt1 and increased Runx2 in T2DM-associated vascular complications patients. Also, higher expression of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha was observed in T2DM-associated vascular complications patients. Our study is the first to associate BPA levels with vascular calcification in patients with T2DM and its associated vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mohanraj
- Department of Medical Research, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - S Prasanth
- Department of Medical Research, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - P Rajapriya
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, HLA and Immunology, Dr Rela Institute and Medical Centre, Chennai, India
| | - G Vinothkumar
- Department of Clinical Research, Dr V Balaji Dr V Seshiah Diabetes Care and Research Institute, Chennai, India
| | - V M Vinodhini
- Department of Biochemistry, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - Rajiv Janardhanan
- Department of Medical Research, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
| | - P Venkataraman
- Department of Medical Research, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India.
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7
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Fu R, Cui K, Yang J, Xu H, Yin D, Song W, Wang H, Zhu C, Feng L, Wang Z, Wang Q, Lu Y, Dou K, Yang Y. Fasting stress hyperglycemia ratio and in-hospital mortality after acute myocardial infarction in patients with different glucose metabolism status: Results from China acute myocardial infarction registry. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 196:110241. [PMID: 36623641 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the predictive value of fasting stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) for in-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) under different glucose metabolism status. METHODS We evaluated 5,308 AMI patients from the prospective, nationwide, multicenter China Acute Myocardial Infarction (CAMI) registry, of which 2,081 had diabetes. Fasting SHR was calculated by the formula [(first fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l))/(1.59 × HbA1c (%)-2.59)]. Patients were divided into high and low fasting SHR groups according to the optimal fasting SHR thresholds to predict in-hospital mortality for patients with and without diabetes, respectively. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality. RESULTS The optimal cutoff values of SHR were 1.06 and 1.26 for patients with and without diabetes. Patients with high fasting SHR presented higher in-hospital mortality than those with low fasting SHR in both cohorts with diabetes (7.9% vs 2.2%; OR adjusted 3.159, 95% CI 1.932-5.165; OR IPTW 3.311, 95%CI 2.326-4.713) and without diabetes (10.1% vs 2.5%; OR adjusted 3.189, 95%CI 2.161-4.705; OR IPTW 3.224, 95%CI 2.465-4.217). The prognostic powers of fasting SHR for in-hospital mortality were similar in patients with different glucose metabolism status. Moreover, adding fasting SHR to the original model led to a significant improvement in C-statistic, net reclassification, and integrated discrimination regardless of diabetes status. CONCLUSIONS This study firstly demonstrated a strong positive association between fasting SHR and in-hospital mortality in AMI patients with and without diabetes. Fasting SHR should be considered as a useful marker for risk stratification in AMI patients regardless of glucose metabolism status. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01874691.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Fu
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kongyong Cui
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jingang Yang
- Coronary Heart Disease Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Coronary Heart Disease Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Yin
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weihua Song
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjian Wang
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chenggang Zhu
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhifang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, The Fourth Clinical College of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Province, China
| | - Qingsheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Qinhuangdao First Hospital, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ye Lu
- Medical Research & Biometrics Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kefei Dou
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuejin Yang
- Coronary Heart Disease Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Zeng Y, Cui Z, Chen J, Tang S. Investigating the Function of MicroRNAs in Human Retinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells of Diabetic Retinopathy. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2678:199-205. [PMID: 37326716 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3255-0_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the main complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Recent studies have implicated microRNAs dysfunction in human retinal microvascular endothelial cell (HRMEC). In this study, we aim to investigate the apoptotic promotion of miR-29b-3p by blocking SIRT1 in HRMEC for DR situation. To identify the regulating relationship between miR-29b-3p and SIRT1, HRMECs were transfected with miR-29b-3p mimics/inhibitors or their negative controls. Cell viability was assessed with the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and apoptotic cells were stained by one-step TUNEL assay kit. Gene and protein expression were assayed by RT-qPCR and Western blotting separately. Dual-luciferase reporter assay using HEK293T cells was performed to show the direct interaction of miR-29b-3p and the 3'-UTR of SIRT1. HRMECs were identified as >95% positive for CD31 and vWF. Upregulated miR-29b-3p decreased the expression of SIRT1 and increased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, while downregulated miR-29b-3p increased the expression of SIRT1 protein and downregulated the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. Dual-luciferase reporter assay showed the direct interaction of miR-29b-3p and SIRT1. The dysregulation of miR-29b-3p/SIRT1 is a potential mechanism of HRMEC apoptosis in DR. miR-29b-3p/SIRT1 may be a potential therapeutic target for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zeng
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zekai Cui
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiansu Chen
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
- Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shibo Tang
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
- Changsha Aier Eye Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Marfella R, Federici M, Paolisso G. Editorial: Hyperglycemia and Coronary Artery Diseases: Physio-Pathological Findings and Therapeutic Implications. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:901815. [PMID: 35662710 PMCID: PMC9161351 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.901815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
- Mediterraneo Cardiocentro, Napoli, Italy
| | - Massimo Federici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
- Mediterraneo Cardiocentro, Napoli, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giuseppe Paolisso,
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Marfella R, Sardu C, D'Onofrio N, Prattichizzo F, Scisciola L, Messina V, La Grotta R, Balestrieri ML, Maggi P, Napoli C, Ceriello A, Paolisso G. Glycaemic control is associated with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in vaccinated patients with type 2 diabetes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2318. [PMID: 35484164 PMCID: PMC9051134 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30068-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are characterized by blunted immune responses, which are affected by glycaemic control. Whether glycaemic control influences the response to COVID-19 vaccines and the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections is unknown. Here we show that poor glycaemic control, assessed as mean HbA1c in the post-vaccination period, is associated with lower immune responses and an increased incidence of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in T2D patients vaccinated with mRNA-BNT162b2. We report data from a prospective observational study enroling healthcare and educator workers with T2D receiving the mRNA-BNT162b2 vaccine in Campania (Italy) and followed for one year (5 visits, follow-up 346 ± 49 days) after one full vaccination cycle. Considering the 494 subjects completing the study, patients with good glycaemic control (HbA1c one-year mean < 7%) show a higher virus-neutralizing antibody capacity and a better CD4 + T/cytokine response, compared with those with poor control (HbA1c one-year mean ≥ 7%). The one-year mean of HbA1c is linearly associated with the incidence of breakthrough infections (Beta = 0.068; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.032-0.103; p < 0.001). The comparison of patients with poor and good glycaemic control through Cox regression also show an increased risk for patients with poor control (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.261; 95% CI, 0.097-0.700; p = 0.008). Among other factors, only smoking (HR = 0.290, CI 0.146-0.576 for non-smokers; p < 0.001) and sex (HR = 0.105, CI 0.035-0.317 for females; p < 0.001) are significantly associated with the incidence of breakthrough infections. In this study, Marfella et al. show that patients with diabetes and poor glycaemic control have a blunted response to COVID-19 vaccine and are more prone to develop breakthrough infections, with further analysis suggesting smoking and male sex as potential risk factors to get COVID-19 despite vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Marfella
- Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy. .,Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122, Naples, Italy.
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Scisciola
- Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Maggi
- Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.,Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122, Naples, Italy
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11
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Marfella R, D'Onofrio N, Trotta MC, Sardu C, Scisciola L, Amarelli C, Balestrieri ML, Grimaldi V, Mansueto G, Esposito S, D'Amico M, Golino P, Signoriello G, De Feo M, Maiello C, Napoli C, Paolisso G. Sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors improve cardiac function by reducing JunD expression in human diabetic hearts. Metabolism 2022; 127:154936. [PMID: 34801581 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy may involve the activator protein 1 (AP-1) member, JunD. Using non-diabetic heart transplant (HTX) in recipients with diabetes, we examined the effects of the diabetic milieu (hyperglycemia and insulin resistance) on cardiac JunD expression over 12 months. Because sodium/glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) significantly reverse high glucose-induced AP-1 binding in the proximal tubular cell, we investigated JunD expression in a subgroup of type 2 diabetic recipients receiving SGLT2i treatment. METHODS We evaluated 77 first HTX recipients (40 and 37 patients with and without diabetes, respectively). Among the recipients with diabetes, 17 (45.9%) were receiving SGLT2i treatment. HTX recipients underwent standard clinical evaluation (metabolic status, echocardiography, coronary computed tomography angiography, and endomyocardial biopsy). In the biopsy samples, we evaluated JunD, insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2 (IRS1 and IRS2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), and ceramide levels using real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence. The biopsy evaluations in this study were performed at 1-4 weeks (basal), 5-12 weeks (intermediate), and up to 48 weeks (final, end of 12-month follow-up) after HTX. RESULTS There was a significant early and progressive increase in the cardiac expression of JunD/PPAR-γ and ceramide levels, along with a significant decrease in IRS1 and IRS2 in recipients with diabetes but not in those without diabetes. These molecular changes were blunted in patients with diabetes receiving SGLT2i treatment. CONCLUSION Early pathogenesis in human diabetic cardiomyopathy is associated with JunD/PPAR-γ overexpression and lipid accumulation following HTX in recipients with diabetes. Remarkably, this phenomenon was reduced by concomitant therapy with SGLT2i, which acted directly on diabetic hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy; Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy.
| | - Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine, the University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Consiglia Trotta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Scisciola
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Cristiano Amarelli
- Unit of Cardiac Surgery and Transplants, AORN Ospedali dei Colli-Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Grimaldi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Gelsomina Mansueto
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Michele D'Amico
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Golino
- Cardiology Division, University "L. Vanvitelli" - Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Signoriello
- Statistical Unit, Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Marisa De Feo
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Maiello
- Unit of Cardiac Surgery and Transplants, AORN Ospedali dei Colli-Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy; Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Naples, Italy
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12
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Marfella R, D'Onofrio N, Sardu C, Scisciola L, Maggi P, Coppola N, Romano C, Messina V, Turriziani F, Siniscalchi M, Maniscalco M, Boccalatte M, Napolitano G, Salemme L, Marfella LV, Basile E, Montemurro MV, Papa C, Frascaria F, Papa A, Russo F, Tirino V, Papaccio G, Galdiero M, Sasso FC, Barbieri M, Rizzo MR, Balestrieri ML, Angelillo IF, Napoli C, Paolisso G. Does poor glycaemic control affect the immunogenicity of the COVID-19 vaccination in patients with type 2 diabetes: The CAVEAT study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2022; 24:160-165. [PMID: 34494705 PMCID: PMC8653151 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples
- Mediterranea CardiocentroNaples
| | - Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Precision MedicineUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples
| | - Lucia Scisciola
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples
| | - Paolo Maggi
- Department of Infectious DiseasesSant'Anna HospitalCasertaItaly
| | - Nicola Coppola
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive MedicineUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Ciro Romano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples
| | | | - Fabrizio Turriziani
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples
| | - Mario Siniscalchi
- Rehabilitation Cardiology UnitAORN “A. Cardarelli ”of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Mauro Maniscalco
- Rehabilitation Pneumology UnitICS Maugeri‐IRCCS of TeleseTelese TermeItaly
| | - Marco Boccalatte
- Cardiology‐UTIC‐Hemodynamic Unit“S.M. delle Grazie” Pozzuoli, ASL Napoli 2 NordPozzuoliItaly
| | - Giovanni Napolitano
- Cardiology‐UTIC Unit“San Giuliano” Hospital of Giugliano in Campania, ASL Napoli2 NordGiugliano in CampaniaItaly
| | - Luigi Salemme
- Hemodynamics Laboratory Unit“Montevergine” Clinic of Mercogliano (AV)MercoglianoItaly
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Virginia Tirino
- Department of Experimental MedicineUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Gianpaolo Papaccio
- Department of Experimental MedicineUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Marilena Galdiero
- Department of Experimental MedicineUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Ferdinando Carlo Sasso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples
| | - Michelangela Barbieri
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples
| | - Maria Rosaria Rizzo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples
| | | | | | - Claudio Napoli
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Naples
- Mediterranea CardiocentroNaples
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13
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Tu Q, Wang JF, Xie HQ, Zhao Q, Fu J, Xu HL, Cao Z. Up-regulation of GLP-1R improved the dysfunction of late EPCs under hyperglycemia by regulating SIRT1 expression. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 538:111455. [PMID: 34509564 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
The dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is closely associated with diabetic vascular complications. Both glucagonlike peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) can control systemic glucose homeostasis and protect endothelial cells against hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress. In this study, we mainly assessed the role played by SIRT1 and GLP-1R and their relationship in regulating the function of late EPCs under hyperglycemia stimulation. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured in EGM-2 medium and induced to differentiate into EPCs and 25 mM glucose was used to stimulate EPCs to obtain a hyperglycemia condition. Subsequently, the expression and location of GLP-1R and SIRT1 in EPCs were detected. After GLP-1R or SIRT1 knockdown, or the treatment by GLP-1R agonist and/or SIRT1 agonist/inhibitor, the effects of SIRT1 and GLP-1R and their relationship in regulating the function of late EPCs under hyperglycemia stimulation was studied by detecting the apoptosis, migration, adhesion and angiogenicity abilities of EPCs. Results demonstrated that, in high-glucose stimulated EPCs, the expression of GLP-1R and SIRT1 was down-regulated. The knockdown of either GLP-1R or SIRT1 could increase EPCs apoptosis and weaken the migration, adhesion and angiogenicity abilities of EPCs. In addition, the improvement effects of Exendin-4 or GLP-1R over-expression on EPCs dysfunction could be weakened to some degree under SIRT1 knockdown. In conclusion, both GLP-1R and SIRT1 expression played important roles in regulating EPCs dysfunction under hyperglycemia and the up-regulation of GLP-1R improved the dysfunction of late EPCs by regulating SIRT1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Tu
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Jun-Feng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Hua-Qiang Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Hua-Lin Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China.
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14
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Zhang J, Chen C, Zhang S, Chen J, Wu L, Chen Z. LncRNA XIST restrains the activation of Müller cells and inflammation in diabetic retinopathy via stabilizing SIRT1. Autoimmunity 2021; 54:504-513. [PMID: 34498499 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2021.1969551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have provided strong evidence that lncRNAs play a functional regulatory role in diabetic retinopathy (DR). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) in DR. METHODS A DR mouse model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ), and then the mouse retinal Müller cells (mMCs) were isolated from retina tissues of mice. Human retinal Müller cell line (HMCs) and mMCs and were treated with high glucose (HG) to simulate an in vitro DR model. XIST expression was detected by qRT-PCR. Next, XIST overexpression was performed in mMCs and HMCs to examine its effect on the activation of Müller cells and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Subsequently, the interaction between XIST and SIRT1 was verified, and the ubiquitination level of SIRT1 as well as the stability of SIRT1 protein were assessed. RESULTS XIST was down-regulated in retinal tissues of DR mice and HG-induced HMCs. Overexpression of XIST inhibited HG-induced activation of mMCs and HMCs, and reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. XIST promoted SIRT1 expression via interacting with SIRT1 and inhibiting the ubiquitination of SIRT1. Furthermore, SIRT1 silencing partly abrogated the effect of XIST overexpression on the activation of mMCs and HMCs as well as the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by HG. CONCLUSION We concluded that XIST restrained the activation of Müller cells and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines via stabilizing SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian, China
| | - Chengwei Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian, China
| | - Sifang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian, China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian, China
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian, China
| | - Zhenguo Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ruian, China
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15
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Marfella R, Sardu C, Mansueto G, Napoli C, Paolisso G. Evidence for human diabetic cardiomyopathy. Acta Diabetol 2021; 58:983-988. [PMID: 33791873 PMCID: PMC8272696 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-021-01705-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Growing interest has been accumulated in the definition of worsening effects of diabetes in the cardiovascular system. This is associated with epidemiological data regarding the high incidence of heart failure (HF) in diabetic patients. To investigate the detrimental effects both of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, a lot of preclinical models were developed. However, the evidence of pathogenic and histological alterations of the so-called diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is still poorly understood in humans. Here, we provide a stringent literature analysis to investigate unique data regarding human DCM. This approach established that lipotoxic-related events might play a central role in the initiation and progression of human DCM. The major limitation in the acquisition of human data is due to the fact of heart specimen availability. Postmortem analysis revealed the end stage of the disease; thus, we need to gain knowledge on the pathogenic events from the early stages until cardiac fibrosis underlying the end-stage HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia 2, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia 2, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Gelsomina Mansueto
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia 2, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia 2, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia 2, 80131, Naples, Italy
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16
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Hammer SS, Vieira CP, McFarland D, Sandler M, Levitsky Y, Dorweiler TF, Lydic TA, Asare-Bediako B, Adu-Agyeiwaah Y, Sielski MS, Dupont M, Longhini AL, Li Calzi S, Chakraborty D, Seigel GM, Proshlyakov DA, Grant MB, Busik JV. Fasting and fasting-mimicking treatment activate SIRT1/LXRα and alleviate diabetes-induced systemic and microvascular dysfunction. Diabetologia 2021; 64:1674-1689. [PMID: 33770194 PMCID: PMC8236268 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05431-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Homo sapiens evolved under conditions of intermittent food availability and prolonged fasting between meals. Periods of fasting are important for recovery from meal-induced oxidative and metabolic stress, and tissue repair. Constant high energy-density food availability in present-day society contributes to the pathogenesis of chronic diseases, including diabetes and its complications, with intermittent fasting (IF) and energy restriction shown to improve metabolic health. We have previously demonstrated that IF prevents the development of diabetic retinopathy in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes (db/db); however the mechanisms of fasting-induced health benefits and fasting-induced risks for individuals with diabetes remain largely unknown. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a nutrient-sensing deacetylase, is downregulated in diabetes. In this study, the effect of SIRT1 stimulation by IF, fasting-mimicking cell culture conditions (FMC) or pharmacological treatment using SRT1720 was evaluated on systemic and retinal metabolism, systemic and retinal inflammation and vascular and bone marrow damage. METHODS The effects of IF were modelled in vivo using db/db mice and in vitro using bovine retinal endothelial cells or rat retinal neuroglial/precursor R28 cell line serum starved for 24 h. mRNA expression was analysed by quantitative PCR (qPCR). SIRT1 activity was measured via histone deacetylase activity assay. NR1H3 (also known as liver X receptor alpha [LXRα]) acetylation was measured via western blot analysis. RESULTS IF increased Sirt1 mRNA expression in mouse liver and retina when compared with non-fasted animals. IF also increased SIRT1 activity eightfold in mouse retina while FMC increased SIRT1 activity and expression in retinal endothelial cells when compared with control. Sirt1 expression was also increased twofold in neuronal retina progenitor cells (R28) after FMC treatment. Moreover, FMC led to SIRT1-mediated LXRα deacetylation and subsequent 2.4-fold increase in activity, as measured by increased mRNA expression of the genes encoding ATP-binding cassette transporter (Abca1 and Abcg1). These changes were reduced when retinal endothelial cells expressing a constitutively acetylated LXRα mutant were tested. Increased SIRT1/LXR/ABC-mediated cholesterol export resulted in decreased retinal endothelial cell cholesterol levels. Direct activation of SIRT1 by SRT1720 in db/db mice led to a twofold reduction of diabetes-induced inflammation in the retina and improved diabetes-induced visual function impairment, as measured by electroretinogram and optokinetic response. In the bone marrow, there was prevention of diabetes-induced myeloidosis and decreased inflammatory cytokine expression. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Taken together, activation of SIRT1 signalling by IF or through pharmacological activation represents an effective therapeutic strategy that provides a mechanistic link between the advantageous effects associated with fasting regimens and prevention of microvascular and bone marrow dysfunction in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra S Hammer
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Cristiano P Vieira
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Delaney McFarland
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Maximilian Sandler
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Yan Levitsky
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Tim F Dorweiler
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Todd A Lydic
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Core, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Bright Asare-Bediako
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yvonne Adu-Agyeiwaah
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Micheli S Sielski
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mariana Dupont
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ana Leda Longhini
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sergio Li Calzi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Dibyendu Chakraborty
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Gail M Seigel
- Center for Hearing and Deafness, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Denis A Proshlyakov
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Maria B Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Julia V Busik
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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17
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Nebbioso M, Lambiase A, Armentano M, Tucciarone G, Sacchetti M, Greco A, Alisi L. Diabetic retinopathy, oxidative stress, and sirtuins: an in depth look in enzymatic patterns and new therapeutic horizons. Surv Ophthalmol 2021; 67:168-183. [PMID: 33864872 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of blindness in the world. DR represents the most common microvascular complication of diabetes, and its incidence is constantly rising. The complex interactions between inflammation, oxidative stress, and the production of free oxygen radicals caused by prolonged exposure to hyperglycemia determine the development of DR. Sirtuins (SIRTs) are a recently discovered class of 7 histone deacetylases involved in cellular senescence, regulation of cell cycle, metabolic pathways, and DNA repair. SIRTs participate in the progress of several pathologies such as cancer, neurodegeneration, and metabolic diseases. In DR sirtuins 1,3,5, and 6 play an important role as they regulate the activation of the inflammatory response, insulin sensibility, and both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. A wide spectrum of direct and indirect activators of SIRTs pathways (e.g., antagomiR, resveratrol, or glycyrrhizin) is currently being developed to treat the inflammatory cascade occurring in DR. We focus on the main metabolic and inflammatory pathways involving SIRTs and DR, as well as recent evidence on SIRTs activators that may be employed as novel therapeutic approaches to DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Nebbioso
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I. Sapienza University of Rome, v. le del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Lambiase
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I. Sapienza University of Rome, v. le del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Marta Armentano
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I. Sapienza University of Rome, v. le del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giosuè Tucciarone
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I. Sapienza University of Rome, v. le del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Sacchetti
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I. Sapienza University of Rome, v. le del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I. Sapienza University of Rome, v. le del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovico Alisi
- Department of Sense Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Policlinico Umberto I. Sapienza University of Rome, v. le del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Chen T, Ma C, Fan G, Liu H, Lin X, Li J, Li N, Wang S, Zeng M, Zhang Y, Bu P. SIRT3 protects endothelial cells from high glucose-induced senescence and dysfunction via the p53 pathway. Life Sci 2020; 264:118724. [PMID: 33160987 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia induces endothelial cells (ECs) dysfunction and vascular complications by accelerating ECs senescence. It also induces downregulation of sirtuins (SIRTs). However, the molecular mechanism involved in the regulation of ECs senescence by SIRT3 remains unclear. Here, we showed that high glucose (HG) decreased the expression level of SIRT3 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), increased the proportion of cells expressing senescence-associated galactosidase (SA-gal), and HG damaged the cell's ability to form tubule networks on Matrigel. However, transfection with adenoviral construct including SIRT3 significantly inhibited HG-induced SA-gal activity, decreased p53 acetylation level at the site Lys 320 (k320), and overexpression of SIRT3 antagonized high glucose-induced angiogenic dysfunction. Our results suggested a possible molecular mechanism involving HG-SIRT3-p53 in ECs senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongshuai Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chang Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guanqi Fan
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xie Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingyuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Na Li
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shujian Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mei Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Peili Bu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Mishra JS, Zhao H, Hattis S, Kumar S. Elevated Glucose and Insulin Levels Decrease DHA Transfer across Human Trophoblasts via SIRT1-Dependent Mechanism. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051271. [PMID: 32365792 PMCID: PMC7284516 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) results in reduced docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) transfer to the fetus, likely due to placental dysfunction. Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) is a nutrient sensor and regulator of lipid metabolism. This study investigated whether the high glucose and insulin condition of GDM regulates DHA transfer and expression of fatty acid transporters and if this effect is related to SIRT1 expression and function. Syncytialized primary human trophoblasts were treated with and without glucose (25 mmol/L) and insulin (10-7 mol/L) for 72 h to mimic the insulin-resistance conditions of GDM pregnancies. In control conditions, DHA transfer across trophoblasts increased in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Exposure to GDM conditions significantly decreased DHA transfer, but increased triglyceride accumulation and fatty acid transporter expression (CD36, FABP3, and FABP4). GDM conditions significantly suppressed SIRT1 mRNA and protein expression. The SIRT1 inhibitor decreased DHA transfer across control trophoblasts, and recombinant SIRT1 and SIRT1 activators restored the decreased DHA transport induced by GDM conditions. The results demonstrate a novel role of SIRT1 in the regulation of DHA transfer across trophoblasts. The suppressed SIRT1 expression and the resultant decrease in placental DHA transfer caused by high glucose and insulin levels suggest new insights of molecular mechanisms linking GDM to fetal DHA deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay S. Mishra
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (J.S.M.); (H.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Hanjie Zhao
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (J.S.M.); (H.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Sari Hattis
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (J.S.M.); (H.Z.); (S.H.)
| | - Sathish Kumar
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (J.S.M.); (H.Z.); (S.H.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-608-265-1046
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20
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Cheng F, Zhou Y, Wang M, Guo C, Cao Z, Zhang R, Peng C. A review of pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties of stachydrine. Pharmacol Res 2020; 155:104755. [PMID: 32173585 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Stachydrine is extracted from the leaves of Leonurus japonicus Houtt (or Motherwort, "Yi Mu Cao" in Traditional Chinese Medicine) and is the major bioactive ingredient. So far, stachydrine has demonstrated various bioactivities for the treatment of fibrosis, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, uterine diseases, brain injuries, and inflammation. The pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties of stachydrine up to 2019 have been comprehensively searched and summarized. This review provides an updated summary of recent studies on the pharmacological activities of stachydrine. Many studies have demonstrated that stachydrine has strong anti-fibrotic properties (on various types of fibrosis) by inhibiting ECM deposition and decreasing inflammatory and oxidative stress through multiple molecular mechanisms (including TGF-β, ERS-mediated apoptosis, MMPs/TIMPs, NF-κB, and JAK/STAT). The cardioprotective and vasoprotective activities of stachydrine are related to its inhibition of β-MHC, excessive autophagy, SIRT1, eNOS uncoupling and TF, promotion of SERCA, and angiogenesis. In addition to its anticancer action, regulation of the uterus, neuroprotective effects, etc. the pharmacokinetic properties of stachydrine are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China; School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanxi Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China; Library, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuanjie Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China; School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhixing Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruoqi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China.
| | - Cheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China; School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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21
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Zeng Y, Cui Z, Liu J, Chen J, Tang S. MicroRNA-29b-3p Promotes Human Retinal Microvascular Endothelial Cell Apoptosis via Blocking SIRT1 in Diabetic Retinopathy. Front Physiol 2020; 10:1621. [PMID: 32063865 PMCID: PMC7000655 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a main complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Recent studies have implicated microRNAs in human retinal microvascular endothelial cell (HRMEC) dysfunction. In this study, we aim to investigate the apoptotic promotion of miR-29b-3p by blocking SIRT1 in HRMEC for DR situation. Method Blood samples were obtained from DR patients and controls. Dual-luciferase reporter assay using HEK-293T cells was performed to show the direct interaction of miR-29b-3p and the 3′UTR of SIRT1. HRMECs were exposed to 5.5 mmol/L of glucose (normal control), 5.5 mmol/L of glucose and 24.5 mmol/L of mannitol (osmotic pressure control), 30 mmol/L of glucose [hyperglycemia (HG)], 150 μmol/L of CoCl2 (hypoxia), and 30 mmol/L of glucose plus 150 μmol/L of CoCl2 (HG-CoCl2). To identify the regulating relationship between miR-29b-3p and SIRT1, HRMECs were transfected with miR-29b-3p mimics/inhibitors or their negative controls. SRT1720 was used as a SIRT1 agonist. Cell viability was assessed with the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and apoptotic cells were stained by one-step terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay kit. Gene and protein expression were assayed by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting separately. Result MiR-29b-3p was upregulated to 3.2-fold, and SIRT1 protein was downregulated to 65% in DR patients. Dual-luciferase reporter assay showed the direct interaction of miR-29b-3p and SIRT1. HRMECs were identified as >95% positive for CD31 and von Willebrand factor (vWF). MiR-29b-3p and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was upregulated, whereas SIRT1 was downregulated in HRMECs in the HG-CoCl2 condition. Decreased cell viability and upregulated apoptosis were also found in HRMECs of the HG-CoCl2 condition. Upregulated miR-29b-3p decreased the expression of SIRT1 and increased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, whereas downregulated miR-29b-3p increased the expression of SIRT1 protein and downregulated the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. SRT1720 rescued miR-29b-3p-induced HRMEC apoptosis via upregulating the expression of SIRT1 protein. Conclusion The dysregulation of miR-29b-3p/SIRT1 is a potential mechanism of HRMEC apoptosis in DR. MiR-29b-3p/SIRT1 may be a potential therapeutic target for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zeng
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Jian Liu
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Jiansu Chen
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Ophthalmology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shibo Tang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, China.,Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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D'Onofrio N, Sardu C, Paolisso P, Minicucci F, Gragnano F, Ferraraccio F, Panarese I, Scisciola L, Mauro C, Rizzo MR, Mansueto G, Varavallo F, Brunitto G, Caserta R, Tirino V, Papaccio G, Barbieri M, Paolisso G, Balestrieri ML, Marfella R. MicroRNA-33 and SIRT1 influence the coronary thrombus burden in hyperglycemic STEMI patients. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:1438-1452. [PMID: 31294459 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is a pivotal treatment in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. However, in hyperglycemic-STEMI patients, the incidence of death is still significant. Here, the involvement of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and miR33 on the pro-inflammatory/pro-coagulable state of the coronary thrombus was investigated. Moreover, 1-year outcomes in hyperglycemic STEMI in patients subjected to thrombus aspiration before PPCI were evaluated. Results showed that hyperglycemic thrombi displayed higher size and increased miR33, reactive oxygen species, and pro-inflammatory/pro-coagulable markers. Conversely, the hyperglycemic thrombi showed a lower endothelial SIRT1 expression. Moreover, in vitro experiments on endothelial cells showed a causal effect of SIRT1 modulation on the pro-inflammatory/pro-coagulative state via hyperglycemia-induced miR33 expression. Finally, SIRT1 expression negatively correlated with STEMI outcomes. These observations demonstrate the involvement of the miR33/SIRT1 pathway in the increased pro-inflammatory and pro-coagulable state of coronary thrombi in hyperglycemic STEMI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Naples, Italy
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Paolisso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Minicucci
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Cardarelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Felice Gragnano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Naples, Italy
| | - Franca Ferraraccio
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Section of Statistic, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Naples, Italy
| | - Iacopo Panarese
- Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, Section of Statistic, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Scisciola
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Mauro
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Cardarelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Rizzo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Naples, Italy
| | - Gelsomina Mansueto
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Legal Medicine Unit, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Rosanna Caserta
- Unit of Pathological Anatomy, Aversa Hospital, Caserta, Italy
| | - Virginia Tirino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Naples, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Papaccio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Naples, Italy
| | - Michelangela Barbieri
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Naples, Italy
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Schiano C, Grimaldi V, Boccella S, Iannotta M, Zullo A, Luongo L, Mancini FP, Maione S, Napoli C. Sweeteners modulate bioactivity of endothelial progenitor cells but not induce detrimental effects both on inflammation and behavioural changes. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019; 70:725-737. [DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2018.1563052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincenzo Grimaldi
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Geriatric Sciences, U.O.C. Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Università degli Studi della Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Naples, Italy
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Serena Boccella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology ‘L. Donatelli’, Università degli Studi della Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Iannotta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology ‘L. Donatelli’, Università degli Studi della Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Zullo
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Livio Luongo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology ‘L. Donatelli’, Università degli Studi della Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Sabatino Maione
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Pharmacology ‘L. Donatelli’, Università degli Studi della Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- IRCCS SDN, Naples, Italy
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Geriatric Sciences, U.O.C. Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Università degli Studi della Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Naples, Italy
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Al-Khaldi A, Sultan S. The expression of sirtuins, superoxide dismutase, and lipid peroxidation status in peripheral blood from patients with diabetes and hypothyroidism. BMC Endocr Disord 2019; 19:19. [PMID: 30736780 PMCID: PMC6368800 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-019-0350-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) proteins have an important role in counteracting oxidative stress. Although diabetes and hypothyroidism (HT) are both characterized by oxidative stress, the mechanisms are not fully understood. This study investigated the effects of type 1 diabetes (T1D), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and HT on the expression levels of SIRT1, SIRT3, and manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2). METHODS Gene expression of SIRT1, SIRT3, and SOD2 was measured using real-time PCR. The protein expression of SOD2 and lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) was measured by the TBARS Assay kit and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) respectively. RESULTS The results showed that the SIRT1 and SIRT3 levels were lower in peripheral blood samples from patients with T1D, T2D, or HT than in healthy individuals. Interestingly, the mRNA and protein expression levels of SOD2 were higher in all three patient groups. Lipid peroxidation was higher in the patients with HT than in the healthy individuals. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate alterations in the expression levels of sirtuins and superoxide dismutase in diabetes and HT, which may be related, at least in part, to the oxidative stress. Identifying such alterations in those patients will pave the way towards the development of drugs to enhance SIRT1 and SIRT3 expression and their activity to prevent the damaging effect of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Al-Khaldi
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar Sultan
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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Cheang WS, Wong WT, Wang L, Cheng CK, Lau CW, Ma RCW, Xu A, Wang N, Huang Y, Tian XY. Resveratrol ameliorates endothelial dysfunction in diabetic and obese mice through sirtuin 1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ. Pharmacol Res 2019; 139:384-394. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Mac-Marcjanek K, Zieleniak A, Zurawska-Klis M, Cypryk K, Wozniak L, Wojcik M. Expression Profile of Diabetes-Related Genes Associated with Leukocyte Sirtuin 1 Overexpression in Gestational Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123826. [PMID: 30513672 PMCID: PMC6321739 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although compelling evidence indicates that Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) plays a prominent role in type 2 diabetes, its relationship with gestational diabetes (GDM) remains elusive. This study was aimed at identifying diabetes-related genes and cellular pathways linked to changes of leukocyte SIRT1 expression at the time of GDM diagnosis. For this purpose, 122 GDM patients were screened for leukocyte SIRT1 expression, and two subgroups were distinguished, namely GDM/SIRT1(↑) (n = 30, p < 0.05) and GDM/SIRT1(↔) (n = 92, p > 0.05), with significant and insignificant changes in leukocyte SIRT1 expression compared to a normal glucose tolerant (NGT) group (n = 41), respectively. PCR array analysis identified 11 diabetes-related genes with at least a ± 2-fold difference in expression in GDM/SIRT1(↑) patients (n = 9) vs. NGT controls (n = 7); in addition, significant differences in the expression of four of the six investigated genes were confirmed between the entire GDM/SIRT1(↑) group and the whole NGT group (p < 0.05). Interestingly, of these four genes, only ACLY expression was found to significantly differ between GDM/SIRT1(↑) and GDM/SIRT1(↔). This study demonstrates that under hyperglycemic conditions, leukocyte SIRT1 overexpression is accompanied by an over-abundance of three transcripts and an under-abundance of another; these four govern related metabolism, inflammation, and transport functions, suggesting that such alterations might represent systemic biological adaptations with a unique ACLY under-expression in GDM/SIRT1(↑) women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Mac-Marcjanek
- Department of Structural Biology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Education, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Zieleniak
- Department of Structural Biology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Education, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Monika Zurawska-Klis
- Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases Department, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz.
| | - Katarzyna Cypryk
- Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases Department, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz.
| | - Lucyna Wozniak
- Department of Structural Biology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Education, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Marzena Wojcik
- Department of Structural Biology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Postgraduate Education, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland.
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D'Onofrio N, Servillo L, Balestrieri ML. SIRT1 and SIRT6 Signaling Pathways in Cardiovascular Disease Protection. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:711-732. [PMID: 28661724 PMCID: PMC5824538 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Oxidative stress represents the common hallmark of pathological conditions associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), including atherosclerosis, heart failure, hypertension, aging, diabetes, and other vascular system-related diseases. The sirtuin (SIRT) family, comprising seven proteins (SIRT1-SIRT7) sharing a highly conserved nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-binding catalytic domain, attracted a great attention for the past few years as stress adaptor and epigenetic enzymes involved in the cellular events controlling aging-related disorder, cancer, and CVD. Recent Advances: Among sirtuins, SIRT1 and SIRT6 are the best characterized for their protective roles against inflammation, vascular aging, heart disease, and atherosclerotic plaque development. This latest role has been only recently unveiled for SIRT6. Of interest, in recent years, complex signaling networks controlled by SIRT1 and SIRT6 common to stress resistance, vascular aging, and CVD have emerged. CRITICAL ISSUES We provide a comprehensive overview of recent developments on the molecular signaling pathways controlled by SIRT1 and SIRT6, two post-translational modifiers proven to be valuable tools to dampen inflammation and oxidative stress at the cardiovascular level. FUTURE DIRECTIONS A deeper understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms through which SIRT1 and SIRT6 act in the signalings responsible for onset and development CVD is a prime scientific endeavor of the upcoming years. Multiple "omic" technologies will have widespread implications in understanding such mechanisms, speeding up the achievement of selective and efficient pharmacological modulation of sirtuins for future applications in the prevention and treatment of CVD. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 711-732.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Università degli Studi della Campania , Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Servillo
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Università degli Studi della Campania , Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Università degli Studi della Campania , Naples, Italy
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Kurano M, Darestani SG, Shinnakasu A, Yamamoto K, Dochi Y, Uemura K, Ikeda Y, Kikuchi A, Hashiguchi H, Deguchi T, Nishio Y. mRNA expression of platelet activating factor receptor (PAFR) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with albuminuria and vascular dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 136:124-133. [PMID: 29247656 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2017.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Renal dysfunction in addition to diabetes is a serious risk factor for cardiovascular events. We hypothesized that some of the changes in gene expression in blood cells cause renal dysfunction and macrovascular disease through impaired endothelial function. This study aimed to define which changes in gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are related to renal function parameters and endothelial function of large arteries in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS We recruited 95 patients with T2DM. After matching for gender, age, BMI and HbA1c levels, the patient cohort included 42 with normoalbuminuria, 28 with microalbuminuria, and 25 with macroalbuminuria. All patients in the three groups were assessed for urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), and mRNA expression in PBMCs. RESULTS The mRNA expression of platelet activating factor receptor (PAFR) differed most markedly between the three groups and was significantly higher in the macroalbuminuric group (p < 0.001 vs. normoalbuminuric group; p < 0.05 vs. microalbuminuric group). PAFR mRNA expression significantly correlated with log transformed ACR (ρ = 0.424, p < 0.001) but not eGFR. PAFR mRNA expression also had a significant negative correlation with FMD (ρ = -0.379, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the prevalence of macrovascular complications, particularly stroke, was significantly higher in patients with elevated PAFR mRNA expression in PBMCs. CONCLUSIONS PAFR overexpression in PBMCs may link diabetic nephropathy to macroangiopathy through impairment of endothelial function in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihoko Kurano
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Sahar Ghavidel Darestani
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shinnakasu
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Kiyoaki Yamamoto
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Yukari Dochi
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Kayo Uemura
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Yuko Ikeda
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Akira Kikuchi
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hashiguchi
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Takahisa Deguchi
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Nishio
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan.
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Sultan S, Alzahrani N, Al-Sakkaf K. The postpartum effect of maternal diabetes on the circulating levels of sirtuins and superoxide dismutase. FEBS Open Bio 2018; 8:256-263. [PMID: 29435415 PMCID: PMC5794456 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a glucose intolerance disorder which occurs during pregnancy as a result of insulin insensitivity; it usually disappears after delivery. However, some women with GDM can develop type 2 diabetes (T2D) after delivery, and the mechanisms by which this occurs remain unknown. This study compared the levels of sirtuins (NAD‐dependent deacetylases) and antioxidative enzymes in postpartum women with previous GDM (pGDM) or T2D and in postpartum women with a previous healthy pregnancy (controls). Women with pGDM showed upregulated levels of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) mRNA and protein, with reduced expression levels of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), relative to the controls. Women with T2D similarly showed a lower level of SIRT3 mRNA than the controls. Lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) was higher in women with pGDM than in the controls. These data show that in women with pGDM, the reduced level of SIRT3 may play a role in the reduced SOD2 level, possibly leading to oxidative stress, which, in turn, upregulates the level of SIRT1. These results might confer the risk of future diabetes development in women with pGDM, as a similar reduction in SIRT3 was found in women with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Sultan
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Alzahrani
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Kalthoom Al-Sakkaf
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
Ergothioneine (ESH), the betaine of 2-mercapto-L-histidine, is a water-soluble naturally occurring amino acid with antioxidant properties. ESH accumulates in several human and animal tissues up to millimolar concentration through its high affinity transporter, namely the organic cation transporter 1 (OCTN1). ESH, first isolated from the ergot fungus (Claviceps purpurea), is synthesized only by Actinomycetales and non-yeast-like fungi. Plants absorb ESH via symbiotic associations between their roots and soil fungi, whereas mammals acquire it solely from dietary sources. Numerous evidence demonstrated the antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of ESH, including protection against cardiovascular diseases, chronic inflammatory conditions, ultraviolet radiation damages, and neuronal injuries. Although more than a century after its discovery has gone by, our understanding on the in vivo ESH mechanism is limited and this compound still intrigues researchers. However, recent evidence about differences in chemical redox behavior between ESH and alkylthiols, such as cysteine and glutathione, has opened new perspectives on the role of ESH during oxidative damage. In this short review, we discuss the role of ESH in the complex machinery of the cellular antioxidant defense focusing on the current knowledge on its chemical mechanism of action in the protection against cardiovascular disease.
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31
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Shen J, Zhao Z, Shang W, Liu C, Zhang B, Zhao L, Cai H. Ginsenoside Rg1 nanoparticle penetrating the blood-brain barrier to improve the cerebral function of diabetic rats complicated with cerebral infarction. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:6477-6486. [PMID: 28919749 PMCID: PMC5592953 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s139602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cerebral infarction is with poorer prognosis and high rates of mortality. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) has a wide variety of therapeutic values for central nervous system (CNS) diseases for the neuron protective effects. However, the blood–brain barrier (BBB) restricts Rg1 in reaching the CNS. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of Rg1 nanoparticle (PHRO, fabricated with γ-PGA, L-PAE (H), Rg1, and OX26 antibody), targeting transferrin receptor, on the diabetes rats complicated with diabetic cerebral infarction in vitro and in vivo. Dynamic light scattering analysis shows the average particle size of PHRO was 79±18 nm and the polydispersity index =0.18. The transmission electron microscope images showed that all NPs were spherical in shape with diameters of 89±23 nm. PHRO released Rg1 with sustained release manner and could promote the migration of cerebrovascular endothelial cells and tube formation and even penetrated the BBB in vitro. PHRO could penetrate the BBB with high concentration in brain tissue to reduce the cerebral infarction volume and promote neuronal recovery in vivo. PHRO was promising to be a clinical treatment of diabetes mellitus with cerebral infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Shen
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiming Zhao
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Shang
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunli Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingjie Zhao
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Cai
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Abstract
Vascular complications contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality of diabetes mellitus. The primary cause of vascular complications in diabetes mellitus is hyperglycaemia, associated with endothelial dysfunction and impaired neovascularization. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells was shown to play important roles in vascular repair and promoting neovascularization. In this review, we will demonstrate the individual effect of high glucose on endothelial progenitor cells. Endothelial progenitor cells isolated from healthy subjects exposed to high glucose conditions or endothelial progenitor cells isolated from diabetic patients exhibit reduced number of endothelial cell colony forming units, impaired abilities of differentiation, proliferation, adhesion and migration, tubulization, secretion, mobilization and homing, whereas enhanced senescence. Increased production of reactive oxygen species by the mitochondria seems to play a crucial role in high glucose-induced endothelial progenitor cells deficit. Later, we will review the agents that might be used to alleviate dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells induced by high glucose. The conclusions are that the relationship between hyperglycaemia and endothelial progenitor cells dysfunction is only beginning to be recognized, and future studies should pay more attention to the haemodynamic environment of endothelial progenitor cells and ageing factors to discover novel treatment agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Kang
- 1 Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejiao Ma
- 1 Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- 1 Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- 1 Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- 2 National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Deng
- 1 Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of the Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
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Hammer SS, Beli E, Kady N, Wang Q, Wood K, Lydic TA, Malek G, Saban DR, Wang XX, Hazra S, Levi M, Busik JV, Grant MB. The Mechanism of Diabetic Retinopathy Pathogenesis Unifying Key Lipid Regulators, Sirtuin 1 and Liver X Receptor. EBioMedicine 2017; 22:181-190. [PMID: 28774737 PMCID: PMC5552206 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complication secondary to diabetes and is the number one cause of blindness among working age individuals worldwide. Despite recent therapeutic breakthroughs using pharmacotherapy, a cure for DR has yet to be realized. Several clinical trials have highlighted the vital role dyslipidemia plays in the progression of DR. Additionally, it has recently been shown that activation of Liver X receptor (LXRα/LXRβ) prevents DR in diabetic animal models. LXRs are nuclear receptors that play key roles in regulating cholesterol metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and inflammation. In this manuscript, we show insight into DR pathogenesis by demonstrating an innovative signaling axis that unifies key metabolic regulators, Sirtuin 1 and LXR, in modulating retinal cholesterol metabolism and inflammation in the diabetic retina. Expression of both regulators, Sirtuin 1 and LXR, are significantly decreased in diabetic human retinal samples and in a type 2 diabetic animal model. Additionally, activation of LXR restores reverse cholesterol transport, prevents inflammation, reduces pro-inflammatory macrophages activity and prevents the formation of diabetes-induced acellular capillaries. Taken together, the work presented in this manuscript highlights the important role lipid dysregulation plays in DR progression and offers a novel potential therapeutic target for the treatment of DR. Diabetes affects retinal Liver X Receptor and Sirtuin 1 expression levels. Liver X Receptor normalized reverse cholesterol transport and prevented diabetes-induced inflammation in retinal cells. Liver X Receptor activation reduced the number of pro-inflammatory macrophages and prevented DR-like pathology.
Results of recent clinical trials demonstrate strong association between lipid abnormalities and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR), the sight-threatening secondary complication of diabetes. This study addresses the role of key metabolic lipid regulators, SIRT1 and LXR in the progression of DR. All the components of SIRT1-LXR axis were downregulated in retinal cells isolated from human donor tissue or a DR animal model. Activation of LXR normalized reverse cholesterol transport, prevented diabetes-induced inflammation, reduced the number of pro-inflammatory macrophages and prevented DR-like pathology, suggesting that control of SIRT1-LXR axis could be a promising therapeutic target for treatment of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra S Hammer
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Eleni Beli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Nermin Kady
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Kiana Wood
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Todd A Lydic
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Goldis Malek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Daniel R Saban
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Xiaoxin X Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Sugata Hazra
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Moshe Levi
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Julia V Busik
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.
| | - Maria B Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
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Vitiello M, Zullo A, Servillo L, Mancini FP, Borriello A, Giovane A, Della Ragione F, D'Onofrio N, Balestrieri ML. Multiple pathways of SIRT6 at the crossroads in the control of longevity, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 35:301-311. [PMID: 27829173 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is a member of the sirtuin family NAD+-dependent deacetylases with multiple roles in controlling organism homeostasis, lifespan, and diseases. Due to its complex and opposite functional roles, this sirtuin is considered a two-edged sword in health and disease. Indeed, SIRT6 improves longevity, similarly to the founding yeast member, silent information regulator-2 (Sir2), and modulates genome stability, telomere integrity, transcription, and DNA repair. Its deficiency is associated with chronic inflammation, diabetes, cardiac hypertrophy, obesity, liver dysfunction, muscle/adipocyte disorders, and cancer. Besides, pieces of evidence showed that SIRT6 is a promoter of specific oncogenic pathways, thus disclosing its dual role regarding cancer development. Collectively, these findings suggest that multiple mechanisms, to date not entirely known, underlie the intriguing roles of SIRT6. Here we provide an overview of the current molecular mechanisms through which SIRT6 controls cancer and heart diseases, and describe its recent implications in the atherosclerotic plaque development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Vitiello
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Zullo
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy; CEINGE-Advanced Biotechnologies, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Servillo
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Adriana Borriello
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Alfonso Giovane
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Fulvio Della Ragione
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
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Arcangeli A, Lastraioli E, Piccini B, D’Amico M, Lenzi L, Pillozzi S, Calabrese M, Toni S, Arcangeli A. Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Type 1 Diabetic Patients: Relation with Patients' Age and Disease Duration. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:278. [PMID: 29109697 PMCID: PMC5660067 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs) have been reported to be dysfunctional in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, accounting for the vascular damage and the ensuing high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) characteristic of this disease. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the number of circulating cEPCs in type 1 DM (T1DM) patients, without clinical vascular damage, of different ages and with different disease duration. METHODS An observational, clinical-based prospective study was performed on T1DM patients enrolled in two clinical centers. cEPCs were determined by flow cytometry, determining the number of CD34/CD133/VEGFR2-positive cells within peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). RESULTS The number of cEPCs was lower in adult T1DM patients, whilst higher in childhood/young patients, compared to controls of the same age range. When patients were grouped into two age groups (≥ or <20 years) (and categorized on the basis of the duration of the disease), the number of cEPCs in young (<20 years) patients was higher compared with older subjects, regardless of disease duration. A subset of patients with very high cEPCs was identified in the <20 years group. CONCLUSION There is an association between the number of cEPCs and patients' age: childhood/young T1DM patients have significantly higher levels of cEPCs, respect to adult T1DM patients. Such difference is maintained also when the disease lasts for more than 10 years. The very high levels of cEPCs, identified in a subset of childhood/young patients, might protect vessels against endothelial dysfunction and damage. Such protection would be less operative in older subjects, endowed with lower cEPC numbers, in which complications are known to develop more easily.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Lastraioli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Barbara Piccini
- Diabetology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Lenzi
- Diabetology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Meyer, Florence, Italy
| | - Serena Pillozzi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Sonia Toni
- DI.V.A.L Toscana Srl, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Annarosa Arcangeli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- *Correspondence: Annarosa Arcangeli,
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Maiese K. Harnessing the Power of SIRT1 and Non-coding RNAs in Vascular Disease. Curr Neurovasc Res 2017; 14:82-88. [PMID: 27897112 PMCID: PMC5383524 DOI: 10.2174/1567202613666161129112822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) contribute to a significant amount of disability and death in the world. Of these disorders, vascular disease is ranked high, falls within the five leading causes of death, and impacts multiple other disease entities such as those of the cardiac system, nervous system, and metabolic disease. Targeting the silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1) pathway and the modulation of micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) may hold great promise for the development of novel strategies for the treatment of vascular disease since each of these pathways are highly relevant to cardiac and nervous system disorders as well as to metabolic dysfunction. SIRT1 is vital in determining the course of stem cell development and the survival, metabolism, and life span of differentiated cells that are overseen by both autophagy and apoptosis. SIRT1 interfaces with a number of pathways that involve forkhead transcription factors, mechanistic of rapamycin (mTOR), AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) such that the level of activity of SIRT1 can become a critical determinant for biological and clinical outcomes. The essential fine control of SIRT1 is directly tied to the world of non-coding RNAs that ultimately oversee SIRT1 activity to either extend or end cellular survival. Future studies that can further elucidate the crosstalk between SIRT1 and non-coding RNAs should serve well our ability to harness the power of SIRT1 and non-coding RNAs for the treatment of vascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Cellular and Molecular Signaling, Newark, New Jersey 07101
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37
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D'Onofrio N, Servillo L, Giovane A, Casale R, Vitiello M, Marfella R, Paolisso G, Balestrieri ML. Ergothioneine oxidation in the protection against high-glucose induced endothelial senescence: Involvement of SIRT1 and SIRT6. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 96:211-22. [PMID: 27101740 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ergothioneine (Egt), the betaine of 2-mercapto-L-histidine, is a dietary antioxidant protecting against many diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), through a redox mechanism different from alkylthiols. Here, experiments were designed to evaluate the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effect of Egt against hyperglycaemia-induced senescence in endothelial cells. To this end, cells were incubated with increasing concentrations of Egt (0.01-1.00mM) for 12h followed by incubation for 48h with high-glucose (25mM). Cell evaluation indicated that viability was not affected by mM concentrations of Egt and that the high-glucose cytotoxicity was prevented with the highest efficacy at 0.5mM Egt. The cytoprotective effect of Egt was paralleled by reduced ROS production, cell senescence, and, interestingly, the formation of hercynine (EH), a betaine we recently found to be produced during the Egt oxidation pathway. Notably, the Egt beneficial effect was exerted through the upregulation of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) expression and the downregulation of p66Shc and NF-κB. SIRT1 activity inhibition and SIRT6 gene silencing by small interfering RNA abolished the protective effect of Egt against the high-glucose-induced endothelial senescence. These data provide the first evidence of the Egt ability to interfere with endothelial senescence linked to hyperglycaemia through the regulation of SIRT1 and SIRT6 signaling, thus further strengthening the already assessed role of these two histone deacetylases in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Servillo
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Alfonso Giovane
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Casale
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Milena Vitiello
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
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Gui J, Potthast A, Rohrbach A, Borns K, Das AM, von Versen-Höynck F. Gestational diabetes induces alterations of sirtuins in fetal endothelial cells. Pediatr Res 2016; 79:788-98. [PMID: 26717002 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2015.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes (GDM) has long-term consequences for the offspring. Sirtuins (SIRTs) are associated with vascular and metabolic functions. We studied the impact of GDM on SIRT activity and expression in fetal endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) from pregnancies complicated by GDM. METHODS ECFCs and HUVECs were isolated from cord and cord blood of 10 uncomplicated pregnancies (NPs) and 10 GDM pregnancies. Nicotinamidadenindinukleotid (NAD(+)) concentration, SIRT1 and SIRT3 activity, transcription levels of SIRT1, SIRT3, and SIRT4, and protein levels of SIRT1, SIRT3, and SIRT4 were determined in vitro with or without SIRT activators resveratrol (RSV) and paeonol. RESULTS Fetal ECFCs from GDM pregnancies showed a decreased NAD(+) concentration, reduced SIRT1 and SIRT3 activity, and lower transcription levels of SIRT1, SIRT3, and SIRT4. HUVECs from GDM pregnancies had decreased NAD(+) concentrations and transcription levels of SIRT1 and SIRT4. RSV markedly enhanced the expression and activity of SIRTs in ECFCs and HUVECs, while paeonol was active only in ECFCs. CONCLUSION A reduction of SIRT activity and expression in fetal endothelial cells provides potential mechanistic insights into the pathophysiology of long-term cardiovascular complications observed in the offspring of GDM pregnancies. SIRT activators can increase SIRT activity in ECFCs, which opens perspectives for new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Gui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Arne Potthast
- Department of Pediatrics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anne Rohrbach
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katja Borns
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anibh M Das
- Department of Pediatrics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Maiese K. Novel nervous and multi-system regenerative therapeutic strategies for diabetes mellitus with mTOR. Neural Regen Res 2016; 11:372-85. [PMID: 27127460 PMCID: PMC4828986 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.179032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout the globe, diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing in incidence with limited therapies presently available to prevent or resolve the significant complications of this disorder. DM impacts multiple organs and affects all components of the central and peripheral nervous systems that can range from dementia to diabetic neuropathy. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a promising agent for the development of novel regenerative strategies for the treatment of DM. mTOR and its related signaling pathways impact multiple metabolic parameters that include cellular metabolic homeostasis, insulin resistance, insulin secretion, stem cell proliferation and differentiation, pancreatic β-cell function, and programmed cell death with apoptosis and autophagy. mTOR is central element for the protein complexes mTOR Complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR Complex 2 (mTORC2) and is a critical component for a number of signaling pathways that involve phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-K), protein kinase B (Akt), AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1), Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1), and growth factors. As a result, mTOR represents an exciting target to offer new clinical avenues for the treatment of DM and the complications of this disease. Future studies directed to elucidate the delicate balance mTOR holds over cellular metabolism and the impact of its broad signaling pathways should foster the translation of these targets into effective clinical regimens for DM.
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Speciani AF, Piuri G. Measuring Biomarkers for an Innovative Personal Food Profile. J Am Coll Nutr 2015; 34 Suppl 1:34-8. [PMID: 26400432 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2015.1080109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Measuring the level of inflammation with an innovative approach (with blood analyses to evaluate the action of cytokines such as B-cell activating factor [BAFF], platelet activating factor [PAF], interleukin-6 [IL-6], sirtuin) allows you to better understand the body's language. The body recognizes foods and food antigens through a mapping performed by means of immunoglobulin G (IgG). Recent studies have shown that high levels of IgG in a nutrient express the personal excess of that food in the daily nutrition. Food is the most important source of hidden inflammation but is also the main tool for regaining wellness. Europeans have reactions to milk, yeast, and gluten, whereas the Japanese have reactions to rice and soybeans. Scientific knowledge of inflammatory mediators allows the discovery of new drugs, new supplements, and new plant compounds (Resveratrol, Maqui, oil of Perilla) that are able to reduce inflammation and support well-being. The interaction between the environment, nutrition, and knowledge of inflammation is an evolution and at the same time a revolution to gain and maintain health.
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Khoshhal KI, Sheweita SA, Al-Maghamsi MS, Habeb AM. Does type 1 diabetes mellitus affect bone quality in prepubertal children? J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Marfella R, Paolisso G. Glycemic control and acute coronary syndrome: the debate continues. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOTHERAPY 2015; 1:229-31. [PMID: 27532446 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvv027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, Second University of Naples, Piazza Miraglia, 2, Naples 80128, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, Second University of Naples, Piazza Miraglia, 2, Naples 80128, Italy
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New Insights for Oxidative Stress and Diabetes Mellitus. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:875961. [PMID: 26064426 PMCID: PMC4443788 DOI: 10.1155/2015/875961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the generation of oxidative stress are considered critical factors for the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM), a disorder that is growing in prevalence and results in significant economic loss. New therapeutic directions that address the detrimental effects of oxidative stress may be especially warranted to develop effective care for the millions of individuals that currently suffer from DM. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (S. cerevisiae) (SIRT1), and Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1) are especially justified to be considered treatment targets for DM since these pathways can address the complex relationship between stem cells, trophic factors, impaired glucose tolerance, programmed cell death pathways of apoptosis and autophagy, tissue remodeling, cellular energy homeostasis, and vascular biology that greatly impact the biology and disease progression of DM. The translation and development of these pathways into viable therapies will require detailed understanding of their proliferative nature to maximize clinical efficacy and limit adverse effects that have the potential to lead to unintended consequences.
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Kim YH, Bae JU, Lee SJ, Park SY, Kim CD. SIRT1 attenuates PAF-induced MMP-2 production via down-regulation of PAF receptor expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. Vascul Pharmacol 2015; 72:35-42. [PMID: 25967595 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) is known as a key regulator in the protection of various vascular disorders, however, no direct evidences have been reported in the progression of atherosclerosis. Considering the pivotal role of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in plaque destabilization, this study investigated the role of SIRT1 on MMP-2 production in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) induced by platelet activating factor (PAF, 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine). In VSMCs stimulated with resveratrol, SIRT1 activator, PAF receptor (PAFR) was internalized and then its protein levels were diminished. It was attenuated in cells pretreated with proteasome or lysosome inhibitor. Also, the degradation of PAFR in SIRT1-stimulated cells was significantly attenuated by β-arrestin2 depletion. In cells treated with nicotinamide, SIRT1 deacetylase inhibitor, PAFR internalization by resveratrol or reSIRT1 was inhibited, demonstrating that deacetylation of SIRT1 is an important step in SIRT1-induced PAFR down-regulation. Moreover, PAF-induced MMP-2 production in VSMCs and aorta was attenuated by resveratrol. In the aorta of SIRT1 transgenic mice, the PAF-induced MMP-2 expression was prominently attenuated compared to that in wild type mice. Taken together, it was suggested that SIRT1 down-regulated PAFR in VSMCs via β-arrestin2-mediated internalization and degradation, leading to an inhibition of PAF-induced MMP-2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun H Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin U Bae
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung J Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - So Y Park
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi D Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongnam 626-870, Republic of Korea.
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Balestrieri ML, Rizzo MR, Barbieri M, Paolisso P, D'Onofrio N, Giovane A, Siniscalchi M, Minicucci F, Sardu C, D'Andrea D, Mauro C, Ferraraccio F, Servillo L, Chirico F, Caiazzo P, Paolisso G, Marfella R. Sirtuin 6 expression and inflammatory activity in diabetic atherosclerotic plaques: effects of incretin treatment. Diabetes 2015; 64:1395-406. [PMID: 25325735 DOI: 10.2337/db14-1149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The role of sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) in atherosclerotic progression of diabetic patients is unknown. We evaluated SIRT6 expression and the effect of incretin-based therapies in carotid plaques of asymptomatic diabetic and nondiabetic patients. Plaques were obtained from 52 type 2 diabetic and 30 nondiabetic patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. Twenty-two diabetic patients were treated with drugs that work on the incretin system, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors for 26 ± 8 months before undergoing the endarterectomy. Compared with nondiabetic plaques, diabetic plaques had more inflammation and oxidative stress, along with a lesser SIRT6 expression and collagen content. Compared with non-GLP-1 therapy-treated plaques, GLP-1 therapy-treated plaques presented greater SIRT6 expression and collagen content, and less inflammation and oxidative stress, indicating a more stable plaque phenotype. These results were supported by in vitro observations on endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and endothelial cells (ECs). Indeed, both EPCs and ECs treated with high glucose (25 mmol/L) in the presence of GLP-1 (100 nmol/L liraglutide) presented a greater SIRT6 and lower nuclear factor-κB expression compared with cells treated only with high glucose. These findings establish the involvement of SIRT6 in the inflammatory pathways of diabetic atherosclerotic lesions and suggest its possible positive modulation by incretin, the effect of which is associated with morphological and compositional characteristics of a potential stable plaque phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Rizzo
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Aging and Metabolic Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Michelangela Barbieri
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Aging and Metabolic Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Paolisso
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Aging and Metabolic Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzia D'Onofrio
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Alfonso Giovane
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Minicucci
- Department of Cardiology, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Celestino Sardu
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Aging and Metabolic Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Davide D'Andrea
- Department of Cardiology, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Mauro
- Department of Cardiology, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Franca Ferraraccio
- Department of Clinical, Public and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Servillo
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Chirico
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Aging and Metabolic Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Marfella
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Aging and Metabolic Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Sirtuins in vascular diseases: Emerging roles and therapeutic potential. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:1311-22. [PMID: 25766107 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Silent information regulator-2 (Sir-2) proteins, or sirtuins, are a highly conserved protein family of histone deacetylases that promote longevity by mediating many of the beneficial effects of calorie restriction which extends life span and reduces the incidence of cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and diabetes. Here, we review the role of sirtuins (SIRT1-7) in vascular homeostasis and diseases by providing an update on the latest knowledge about their roles in endothelial damage and vascular repair mechanisms. Among all sirtuins, in the light of the numerous functions reported on SIRT1 in the vascular system, herein we discuss its roles not only in the control of endothelial cells (EC) functionality but also in other cell types beyond EC, including endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), smooth muscle cells (SMC), and immune cells. Furthermore, we also provide an update on the growing field of compounds under clinical evaluation for the modulation of SIRT1 which, at the state of the art, represents the most promising target for the development of novel drugs against CVD, especially when concomitant with type 2 diabetes.
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Maiese K. FoxO Transcription Factors and Regenerative Pathways in Diabetes Mellitus. Curr Neurovasc Res 2015; 12:404-13. [PMID: 26256004 PMCID: PMC4567483 DOI: 10.2174/1567202612666150807112524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian forkhead transcription factors of the O class (FoxO) are exciting targets under consideration for the development of new clinical entities to treat metabolic disorders and diabetes mellitus (DM). DM, a disorder that currently affects greater than 350 million individuals globally, can become a devastating disease that leads to cellular injury through oxidative stress pathways and affects multiple systems of the body. FoxO proteins can regulate insulin signaling, gluconeogenesis, insulin resistance, immune cell migration, and cell senescence. FoxO proteins also control cell fate through oxidative stress and pathways of autophagy and apoptosis that either lead to tissue regeneration or cell demise. Furthermore, FoxO signaling can be dependent upon signal transduction pathways that include silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (S. cerevisiae) (SIRT1), Wnt, and Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1). Cellular metabolic pathways driven by FoxO proteins are complex, can lead to variable clinical outcomes, and require in-depth analysis of the epigenetic and post-translation protein modifications that drive FoxO protein activation and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- Cellular and Molecular Signaling, Newark, New Jersey 07101, USA.
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48
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Maiese K. Programming apoptosis and autophagy with novel approaches for diabetes mellitus. Curr Neurovasc Res 2015; 12:173-88. [PMID: 25742566 PMCID: PMC4380829 DOI: 10.2174/1567202612666150305110929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, diabetes mellitus (DM) in the year 2030 will be ranked the seventh leading cause of death in the world. DM impacts all systems of the body with oxidant stress controlling cell fate through endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, alterations in uncoupling proteins, and the induction of apoptosis and autophagy. Multiple treatment approaches are being entertained for DM with Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1), mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), and silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog) 1 (S. cerevisiae) (SIRT1) generating significant interest as target pathways that can address maintenance of glucose homeostasis as well as prevention of cellular pathology by controlling insulin resistance, stem cell proliferation, and the programmed cell death pathways of apoptosis and autophagy. WISP1, mTOR, and SIRT1 can rely upon similar pathways such as AMP activated protein kinase as well as govern cellular metabolism through cytokines such as EPO and oral hypoglycemics such as metformin. Yet, these pathways require precise biological control to exclude potentially detrimental clinical outcomes. Further elucidation of the ability to translate the roles of WISP1, mTOR, and SIRT1 into effective clinical avenues offers compelling prospects for new therapies against DM that can benefit hundreds of millions of individuals throughout the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Maiese
- MD, Cellular and Molecular Signaling, Newark, New Jersey 07101, USA.
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Oikonomou D, Kopf S, von Bauer R, Djuric Z, Cebola R, Sander A, Englert S, Vittas S, Hidmark A, Morcos M, Korosoglou G, Nawroth PP, Humpert PM. Influence of insulin and glargine on outgrowth and number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in type 2 diabetes patients: a partially double-blind, randomized, three-arm unicenter study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2014; 13:137. [PMID: 25300286 PMCID: PMC4195950 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-014-0137-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) are bone marrow-derived cells which can undergo differentiation into endothelial cells and participate in endothelial repair and angiogenesis. Insulin facilitates this in vitro mediated by the IGF-1 receptor. Clinical trials showed that the number of circulating EPCs is influenced by glucose control and EPC are a predictor of cardiovascular death. To study direct effects of insulin treatment on EPCs in type 2 diabetes patients, add-on basal insulin treatment was compared to an escalation of oral medication aiming at similar glucose control between the groups. METHODS 55 patients with type 2 diabetes (61.6±5.9 years) on oral diabetes medication were randomized in a 2:2:1 ratio in 3 groups. Patients were treated additionally with insulin glargine (n=20), NPH insulin (n=22) or escalated with oral medication (n=13). Number of circulating EPC, EPC-outgrowth, intima media thickness, skin microvascular function and HbA1c were documented at baseline and/or after 4 weeks and 4 months. RESULTS HbA1c at baseline was, 7.3+/-0.7% in the oral group, 7.3+/-0.9% and 7.5+/-0.7% in the glargine and NPH insulin respectively (p=0.713). HbA1c after 4 months decreased to 6.8+/-0.8%, 6.6+/-0.7% and 6.7+/-0.6%, in the oral, glargine and NPH insulin group respectively (p=0.61). FACS analysis showed no difference in number of circulating EPC between the groups after 4 weeks and 4 months. However, the outgrowth of EPCs as detected by colony forming assay was increased in the NPH insulin and glargine groups (29.2+/-6.4 and 29.4+/- 6.7 units respectively) compared to the group on oral medication (23.2+/-6.3, p=0.013) after 4 months of treatment. A significant decrease of IMT from 0.80mm (+/-0.14) at baseline to 0.76mm (+/-0.12) after 4 months could be observed in all patients only (p=0.03) with a trend towards a reduction of IMT after 4 months when all patients on insulin treatment were compared to the oral treatment group (p=0.06). Skin microvascular function revealed no differences between the groups (p=0.74). CONCLUSION The study shows that a 4-month treatment with add-on insulin significantly increases the outgrowth of EPC in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. TRIAL REGISTRATION (Clinical Trials Identifier: NCT00523393).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Oikonomou
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
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Sang T, Cao Q, Wang Y, Liu F, Chen S. Overexpression or silencing of FOXO3a affects proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells and expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101703. [PMID: 25093499 PMCID: PMC4122338 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been considered to be of great significance in therapeutic angiogenesis. Furthermore, the Forkhead box O (FOXO) transcription factors are known to be important regulators of cell cycle. Therefore, we investigated the effects of changes in FOXO3a activity on cell proliferation and cell cycle regulatory proteins in EPCs. The constructed recombinant adenovirus vectors Ad-TM (triple mutant)-FOXO3a, Ad-shRNA-FOXO3a and the control Ad-GFP were transfected into EPCs derived from human umbilical cord blood. Assessment of transfection efficiency using an inverted fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry indicated a successful transfection. Additionally, the expression of FOXO3a was markedly increased in the Ad-TM-FOXO3a group but was inhibited in the Ad-shRNA-FOXO3a group as seen by western blotting. Overexpression of FOXO3a suppressed EPC proliferation and modulated expression of the cell cycle regulatory proteins including upregulation of the cell cycle inhibitor p27kip1 and downregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), cyclin D1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). In the Ad-shRNA-FOXO3a group, the results were counter-productive. Furthermore, flow cytometry for cell cycle analysis suggested that the active mutant of FOXO3a caused a noticeable increase in G1- and S-phase frequencies, while a decrease was observed after FOXO3a silencing. In conclusion, these data demonstrated that FOXO3a could possibly inhibit EPC proliferation via cell cycle arrest involving upregulation of p27kip1 and downregulation of CDK2, cyclin D1 and PCNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Sang
- Department of Gerontology, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Cao
- Department of Gerontology, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqiang Wang
- Department of Gerontology, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Gerontology, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (FL); (SC)
| | - Shuyan Chen
- Department of Gerontology, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (FL); (SC)
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