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Carstens G, Verbeek MM, Rohlwink UK, Figaji AA, te Brake L, van Laarhoven A. Metabolite transport across central nervous system barriers. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:1063-1077. [PMID: 38546534 PMCID: PMC11179608 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241241908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Metabolomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is used to improve diagnostics and pathophysiological understanding of neurological diseases. Alterations in CSF metabolite levels can partly be attributed to changes in brain metabolism, but relevant transport processes influencing CSF metabolite concentrations should be considered. The entry of molecules including metabolites into the central nervous system (CNS), is tightly controlled by the blood-brain, blood-CSF, and blood-spinal cord barriers, where aquaporins and membrane-bound carrier proteins regulate influx and efflux via passive and active transport processes. This report therefore provides reference for future CSF metabolomic work, by providing a detailed summary of the current knowledge on the location and function of the involved transporters and routing of metabolites from blood to CSF and from CSF to blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesa Carstens
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marcel M Verbeek
- Departments of Neurology and Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ursula K Rohlwink
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Anthony A Figaji
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lindsey te Brake
- Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan van Laarhoven
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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2
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Wang Y, Zhang X, Wang J, Wang C, Xiong F, Qian Y, Meng M, Zhou M, Chen W, Ding Z, Yu D, Liu Y, Chang Y, He S, Yang L. Genomic insights into the seawater adaptation in Cyprinidae. BMC Biol 2024; 22:87. [PMID: 38637780 PMCID: PMC11027309 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01885-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyprinidae, the largest fish family, encompasses approximately 367 genera and 3006 species. While they exhibit remarkable adaptability to diverse aquatic environments, it is exceptionally rare to find them in seawater, with the Far Eastern daces being of few exceptions. Therefore, the Far Eastern daces serve as a valuable model for studying the genetic mechanisms underlying seawater adaptation in Cyprinidae. RESULTS Here, we sequenced the chromosome-level genomes of two Far Eastern daces (Pseudaspius brandtii and P. hakonensis), the two known cyprinid fishes found in seawater, and performed comparative genomic analyses to investigate their genetic mechanism of seawater adaptation. Demographic history reconstruction of the two species reveals that their population dynamics are correlated with the glacial-interglacial cycles and sea level changes. Genomic analyses identified Pseudaspius-specific genetic innovations related to seawater adaptation, including positively selected genes, rapidly evolving genes, and conserved non-coding elements (CNEs). Functional assays of Pseudaspius-specific variants of the prolactin (prl) gene showed enhanced cell adaptation to greater osmolarity. Functional assays of Pseudaspius specific CNEs near atg7 and usp45 genes suggest that they exhibit higher promoter activity and significantly induced at high osmolarity. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal the genome-wide evidence for the evolutionary adaptation of cyprinid fishes to seawater, offering valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms supporting the survival of migratory fish in marine environments. These findings are significant as they contribute to our understanding of how cyprinid fishes navigate and thrive in diverse aquatic habitats, providing useful implications for the conservation and management of marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, College of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China.
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810016, China.
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS81TQ, UK.
| | - Xuejing Zhang
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, College of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fei Xiong
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, College of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Yuting Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Minghui Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, College of Life Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Wenjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zufa Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yumei Chang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Freshwater Fish Breeding, Heilongjiang Province's Key Laboratory of Fish Stress Resistance Breeding and Germplasm Characteristics On Special Habitats, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, 150070, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shunping He
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810016, China.
| | - Liandong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810016, China.
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS81TQ, UK.
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3
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Yu B, Chao DY, Zhao Y. How plants sense and respond to osmotic stress. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:394-423. [PMID: 38329193 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Drought is one of the most serious abiotic stresses to land plants. Plants sense and respond to drought stress to survive under water deficiency. Scientists have studied how plants sense drought stress, or osmotic stress caused by drought, ever since Charles Darwin, and gradually obtained clues about osmotic stress sensing and signaling in plants. Osmotic stress is a physical stimulus that triggers many physiological changes at the cellular level, including changes in turgor, cell wall stiffness and integrity, membrane tension, and cell fluid volume, and plants may sense some of these stimuli and trigger downstream responses. In this review, we emphasized water potential and movements in organisms, compared putative signal inputs in cell wall-containing and cell wall-free organisms, prospected how plants sense changes in turgor, membrane tension, and cell fluid volume under osmotic stress according to advances in plants, animals, yeasts, and bacteria, summarized multilevel biochemical and physiological signal outputs, such as plasma membrane nanodomain formation, membrane water permeability, root hydrotropism, root halotropism, Casparian strip and suberin lamellae, and finally proposed a hypothesis that osmotic stress responses are likely to be a cocktail of signaling mediated by multiple osmosensors. We also discussed the core scientific questions, provided perspective about the future directions in this field, and highlighted the importance of robust and smart root systems and efficient source-sink allocations for generating future high-yield stress-resistant crops and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Carbon Capture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dai-Yin Chao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Carbon Capture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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4
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Ma Q, Feng Y, Luo S, Cheng L, Tong W, Lu X, Li Y, Zhang P. The aquaporin MePIP2;7 improves MeMGT9-mediated Mg 2 + acquisition in cassava. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:2349-2367. [PMID: 37548108 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins are important transmembrane water transport proteins which transport water and several neutral molecules. However, how aquaporins are involved in the synergistic transport of Mg2+ and water remains poorly understood. Here, we found that the cassava aquaporin MePIP2;7 was involved in Mg2+ transport through interaction with MeMGT9, a lower affinity magnesium transporter protein. Knockdown of MePIP2;7 in cassava led to magnesium deficiency in basal mature leaves with chlorosis and necrotic spots on their edges and starch over-accumulation. Mg2+ content was significantly decreased in leaves and roots of MePIP2;7-RNA interference (PIP-Ri) plants grown in both field and Mg2+ -free hydroponic solution. Xenopus oocyte injection analysis verified that MePIP2;7 possessed the ability to transport water only and MeMGT9 was responsible for Mg2+ efflux. More importantly, MePIP2;7 improved the transportability of Mg2+ via MeMGT9 as verified using the CM66 mutant complementation assay and Xenopus oocytes expressing system. Yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, co-localization, and co-immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated the direct protein-protein interaction between MePIP2;7 and MeMGT9 in vivo. Mg2+ flux was significantly elevated in MePIP2;7-overexpressing lines in hydroponic solution through non-invasive micro-test technique analysis. Under Mg2+ -free condition, the retarded growth of PIP-Ri transgenic plants could be recovered with Mg2+ supplementation. Taken together, our results demonstrated the synergistic effect of the MePIP2;7 and MeMGT9 interaction in regulating water and Mg2+ absorption and transport in cassava.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxiang Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yancai Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shu Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Weijing Tong
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xinlu Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Youzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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5
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Ozu M, Galizia L, Alvear-Arias JJ, Fernández M, Caviglia A, Zimmermann R, Guastaferri F, Espinoza-Muñoz N, Sutka M, Sigaut L, Pietrasanta LI, González C, Amodeo G, Garate JA. Mechanosensitive aquaporins. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:497-513. [PMID: 37681084 PMCID: PMC10480384 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01098-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular systems must deal with mechanical forces to satisfy their physiological functions. In this context, proteins with mechanosensitive properties play a crucial role in sensing and responding to environmental changes. The discovery of aquaporins (AQPs) marked a significant breakthrough in the study of water transport. Their transport capacity and regulation features make them key players in cellular processes. To date, few AQPs have been reported to be mechanosensitive. Like mechanosensitive ion channels, AQPs respond to tension changes in the same range. However, unlike ion channels, the aquaporin's transport rate decreases as tension increases, and the molecular features of the mechanism are unknown. Nevertheless, some clues from mechanosensitive ion channels shed light on the AQP-membrane interaction. The GxxxG motif may play a critical role in the water permeation process associated with structural features in AQPs. Consequently, a possible gating mechanism triggered by membrane tension changes would involve a conformational change in the cytoplasmic extreme of the single file region of the water pathway, where glycine and histidine residues from loop B play a key role. In view of their transport capacity and their involvement in relevant processes related to mechanical forces, mechanosensitive AQPs are a fundamental piece of the puzzle for understanding cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Ozu
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciano Galizia
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan José Alvear-Arias
- Interdisciplinary Center of Neurosciences of Valparaiso, University of Valparaiso, CINV, 2360102 Valparaíso, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus in NanoBioPhysics, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miguel Fernández
- Interdisciplinary Center of Neurosciences of Valparaiso, University of Valparaiso, CINV, 2360102 Valparaíso, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus in NanoBioPhysics, Santiago, Chile
| | - Agustín Caviglia
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rosario Zimmermann
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Guastaferri
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Present Address: Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR-CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Espinoza-Muñoz
- Interdisciplinary Center of Neurosciences of Valparaiso, University of Valparaiso, CINV, 2360102 Valparaíso, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus in NanoBioPhysics, Santiago, Chile
| | - Moira Sutka
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lorena Sigaut
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Física, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires (IFIBA), Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lía Isabel Pietrasanta
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Física, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires (IFIBA), Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos González
- Millennium Nucleus in NanoBioPhysics, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136 USA
- Present Address: Molecular Bioscience Department, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | - Gabriela Amodeo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José Antonio Garate
- Interdisciplinary Center of Neurosciences of Valparaiso, University of Valparaiso, CINV, 2360102 Valparaíso, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus in NanoBioPhysics, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Bellavista, Santiago, Chile
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia y Vida, Universidad San Sebastián, 7750000 Santiago, Chile
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6
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Živanović BD, Ullrich K, Spasić SZ, Galland P. Auxin- and pH-induced guttation in Phycomyces sporangiophores: relation between guttation and diminished elongation growth. PROTOPLASMA 2023; 260:1109-1133. [PMID: 36622433 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-022-01833-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Guttation, the formation of exudation water, is widespread among plants and fungi, yet the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. We describe the conditions for inducing guttation in sporangiophores of the mucoracean fungus, Phycomyces blakesleeanus. Cultivation on peptone-enriched potato dextrose agar elicits vigorous guttation mainly below the apical growing zone, while sporangiophores raised on a glucose-mineral medium manifest only moderate guttation. Mycelia do not guttate irrespective of the employed media. The topology of guttation droplets allows identifying the non-growing part of the sporangiophore as a guttation zone, which responds to humidity and medium composition in ways that become relevant for turgor homeostasis and thus the sensor physiology of the growing zone. Apparently, the entire sporangiophore, rather than exclusively the growing zone, participates in signal reception and integration to generate a common growth output. Exogenous auxin applied to the growing zones elicits two correlated responses: (i) formation of guttation droplets in the growing and transition zones below the sporangium and (ii) a diminution of the growth rate. In sporangiophore populations, guttation-induction by exogenous control buffer occurs at low frequencies; the bias for guttation increases with increasing auxin concentration. Synthetic auxins and the transport inhibitor NPA suppress guttation completely, but leave growth rates largely unaffected. Mutants C2 carA and C148 carA madC display higher sensitivities for auxin-induced guttation compared to wild type. A working model for guttation includes aquaporins and mechanosensitive ion channels that we identified in Phycomyces by sequence domain searches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branka D Živanović
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Kristian Ullrich
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Department of Evolutionary Biology, August Thienemann Str. 2, 24306, Plön, Germany
| | - Sladjana Z Spasić
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia
- Singidunum University, Danijelova 32, 11010, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Paul Galland
- Faculty of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-Von-Frisch Str. 8, 35032, Marburg, Germany
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7
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Chugh M, Munjal A, Megason SG. Hydrostatic pressure as a driver of cell and tissue morphogenesis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2022; 131:134-145. [PMID: 35534334 PMCID: PMC9529827 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Morphogenesis, the process by which tissues develop into functional shapes, requires coordinated mechanical forces. Most current literature ascribes contractile forces derived from actomyosin networks as the major driver of tissue morphogenesis. Recent works from diverse species have shown that pressure derived from fluids can generate deformations necessary for tissue morphogenesis. In this review, we discuss how hydrostatic pressure is generated at the cellular and tissue level and how the pressure can cause deformations. We highlight and review findings demonstrating the mechanical roles of pressures from fluid-filled lumens and viscous gel-like components of the extracellular matrix. We also emphasise the interactions and mechanochemical feedbacks between extracellular pressures and tissue behaviour in driving tissue remodelling. Lastly, we offer perspectives on the open questions in the field that will further our understanding to uncover new principles of tissue organisation during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Chugh
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Akankshi Munjal
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Nanaline Duke Building, 307 Research Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Sean G Megason
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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8
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Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the aquaporin gene family reveals the role in the salinity adaptability in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Genes Genomics 2022; 44:1457-1469. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-022-01324-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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9
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Nakata K, Hatakeyama Y, Erra-Balsells R, Nonami H, Wada H. Dynamics and stabilization mechanism of mitochondrial cristae morphofunction associated with turgor-driven cardiolipin biosynthesis under salt stress conditions. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9727. [PMID: 35778427 PMCID: PMC9249792 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14164-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining energy production efficiency is of vital importance to plants growing under changing environments. Cardiolipin localized in the inner mitochondrial membrane plays various important roles in mitochondrial function and its activity, although the regulation of mitochondrial morphology to various stress conditions remains obscure, particularly in the context of changes in cellular water relations and metabolisms. By combining single-cell metabolomics with transmission electron microscopy, we have investigated the adaptation mechanism in tomato trichome stalk cells at moderate salt stress to determine the kinetics of cellular parameters and metabolisms. We have found that turgor loss occurred just after the stress conditions, followed by the contrasting volumetric changes in mitochondria and cells, the accumulation of TCA cycle-related metabolites at osmotic adjustment, and a temporal increase in cardiolipin concentration, resulting in a reversible topological modification in the tubulo-vesicular cristae. Because all of these cellular events were dynamically observed in the same single-cells without causing any disturbance for redox states and cytoplasmic streaming, we conclude that turgor pressure might play a regulatory role in the mitochondrial morphological switch throughout the temporal activation of cardiolipin biosynthesis, which sustains mitochondrial respiration and energy conversion even under the salt stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Nakata
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yuto Hatakeyama
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Rosa Erra-Balsells
- Department of Organic Chemistry and CIHIDECAR-CONICET, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hiroshi Nonami
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Wada
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan.
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan.
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10
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Gandan Oral Liquid Improves Exudative Pneumonia by Upregulating Bacteria Clearance via Regulating AQP5 and MUC5AC in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3890347. [PMID: 35518345 PMCID: PMC9064532 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3890347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Gandan oral liquid (GOL) is a mixture of crude extracts from licorice and Radix isatidis. Clinically, it has been widely used in the treatment of exudative pneumonia (EP) in animals. But the molecular mechanism of these effects is unclear. Therefore, antibacterial activity and therapeutic effect were tested in vitro and in vivo. Exudative pneumonia was established with the intraperitoneal injection of LPS, followed by continuous intranasal inoculation of Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP). After that, Gandan oral liquid, acetylcysteine, and levofloxacin were given through the intragastric route for five days, and clinical symptoms were observed and counted. The bacterial content of alveolar lavage fluid was determined, hematology analysis was performed, and lung histology examination was performed. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression levels of AQP3, AQP5, and MUC5AC in lung tissues. ELISA kit was used to detect serum and BALF cytokines levels. The results showed that GOL (242 mg/mL) had no antibacterial activity on Klebsiella pneumonia (KP), and the effect was significantly worse than levofloxacin. However, the therapeutic test in vivo of the rat model of bacterial EP showed different results. After treatment, GOL administration ameliorated EP and increased the expression of mucoprotein -5AC (MUC5AC), and GOL promoted water secretion of the respiratory tract by increasing the expression of aquaporin-5 (AQP5) and decreasing the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β). Conclusion. GOL accelerates the water secretion of respiratory tract, inhibits the inflammatory response, induces removal of bacteria of respiratory tract via the AQPs/MUC pathway, and ultimately ameliorates EP.
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Molecular Characterization of Aquaporins Genes from the Razor Clam Sinonovacula constricta and Their Potential Role in Salinity Tolerance. FISHES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fishes7020069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) play crucial roles in osmoregulation, but the knowledge about the functions of AQPs in Sinonovacula constricta is unclear. In this study, Sc-AQP1, Sc-AQP8, and Sc-AQP11 were identified from S. constricta, and the three Sc-AQPs are highly conserved compared to the known AQPs. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the highest mRNA expressions of Sc-AQP1, Sc-AQP8, and Sc-AQP11 were detected in the gill, digestive gland, and adductor muscle, respectively. In addition, the highest mRNA expression of Sc-AQP1 and Sc-AQP11 was detected in the D-shaped larvae stage, whereas that of SC-AQP8 was observed in the umbo larvae stage. The mRNA expression of Sc-AQP1, Sc-AQP8, and Sc-AQP11 significantly increased to 12.45-, 12.36-, and 27.44-folds post-exposure of low salinity (3.5 psu), while only Sc-AQP1 and Sc-AQP11 significantly increased post-exposure of high salinity (35 psu) (p < 0.01). The fluorescence in situ hybridization also showed that the salinity shift led to the boost of Sc-AQP1, Sc-AQP8, and Sc-AQP11 mRNA expression in gill filament, digestive gland, and adductor muscle, respectively. Knockdown of the Sc-AQP1 and Sc-AQP8 led to the decreased osmotic pressure in the hemolymph. Overall, these findings would contribute to the comprehension of the osmoregulation pattern of AQPs in S. constricta.
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Tang H, Yu Q, Li Z, Liu F, Su W, Zhang C, Ling H, Luo J, Su Y, Que Y. A PIP-mediated osmotic stress signaling cascade plays a positive role in the salt tolerance of sugarcane. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:589. [PMID: 34903178 PMCID: PMC8667355 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs) are plant channel proteins involved in water deficit and salinity tolerance. PIPs play a major role in plant cell water balance and responses to salt stress. Although sugarcane is prone to high salt stress, there is no report on PIPs in sugarcane. RESULTS In the present study, eight PIP family genes, termed ScPIP1-1, ScPIP1-2, ScPIP1-3, ScPIP1-4, ScPIP2-1, ScPIP2-2, ScPIP2-4 and ScPIP2-5, were obtained based on the sugarcane transcriptome database. Then, ScPIP2-1 in sugarcane was cloned and characterized. Confocal microscopy observation indicated that ScPIP2-1 was located in the plasma membrane and cytoplasm. A yeast two-hybridization experiment revealed that ScPIP2-1 does not have transcriptional activity. Real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis showed that ScPIP2-1 was mainly expressed in the leaf, root and bud, and its expression levels in both below- and aboveground tissues of ROC22 were up-regulated by abscisic acid (ABA), polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 and sodium chloride (NaCl) stresses. The chlorophyll content and ion leakage measurement suggested that ScPIP2-1 played a significant role in salt stress resistance in Nicotiana benthamiana through the transient expression test. Overexpression of ScPIP2-1 in Arabidopsis thaliana proved that this gene enhanced the salt tolerance of transgenic plants at the phenotypic (healthier state, more stable relative water content and longer root length), physiologic (more stable ion leakage, lower malondialdehyde content, higher proline content and superoxide dismutase activity) and molecular levels (higher expression levels of AtKIN2, AtP5CS1, AtP5CS2, AtDREB2, AtRD29A, AtNHX1, AtSOS1 and AtHKT1 genes and a lower expression level of the AtTRX5 gene). CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that the ScPIP2-1-mediated osmotic stress signaling cascade played a positive role in plant response to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanchen Tang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
| | - Qing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
| | - Zhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
| | - Weihua Su
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
| | - Chang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
| | - Hui Ling
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
- College of Agriculture, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000 Guangxi China
| | - Jun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
| | - Yachun Su
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins of Fujian Province (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University), Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
| | - Youxiong Que
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
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Tyerman SD, McGaughey SA, Qiu J, Yool AJ, Byrt CS. Adaptable and Multifunctional Ion-Conducting Aquaporins. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 72:703-736. [PMID: 33577345 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-081720-013608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins function as water and neutral solute channels, signaling hubs, disease virulence factors, and metabolon components. We consider plant aquaporins that transport ions compared to some animal counterparts. These are candidates for important, as yet unidentified, cation and anion channels in plasma, tonoplast, and symbiotic membranes. For those individual isoforms that transport ions, water, and gases, the permeability spans 12 orders of magnitude. This requires tight regulation of selectivity via protein interactions and posttranslational modifications. A phosphorylation-dependent switch between ion and water permeation in AtPIP2;1 might be explained by coupling between the gates of the four monomer water channels and the central pore of the tetramer. We consider the potential for coupling between ion and water fluxes that could form the basis of an electroosmotic transducer. A grand challenge in understanding the roles of ion transporting aquaporins is their multifunctional modes that are dependent on location, stress, time, and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D Tyerman
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia; ,
| | - Samantha A McGaughey
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia; ,
| | - Jiaen Qiu
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia; ,
| | - Andrea J Yool
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia;
| | - Caitlin S Byrt
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia; ,
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Farzadfar F, Doustshenas B, Rezaie A, Mousavi SM. Salinity induced alterations in ionic concentration of haemolymph and its effects on histopathology of gills and digestive gland in razor clam (Solen dactylus von Cosel, 1989; Bivalvia, Solenidae). MOLLUSCAN RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/13235818.2021.1898715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Farzadfar
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Oceanography, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran
| | - Babak Doustshenas
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Oceanography, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran
| | - Annahita Rezaie
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mousavi
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Natural Resources, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran
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Overexpression of the Zygophyllum xanthoxylum Aquaporin, ZxPIP1;3, Promotes Plant Growth and Stress Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042112. [PMID: 33672712 PMCID: PMC7924366 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought and salinity can result in cell dehydration and water unbalance in plants, which seriously diminish plant growth and development. Cellular water homeostasis maintained by aquaporin is one of the important strategies for plants to cope with these two stresses. In this study, a stress-induced aquaporin, ZxPIP1;3, belonging to the PIP1 subgroup, was identified from the succulent xerophyte Zygophyllum xanthoxylum. The subcellular localization showed that ZxPIP1;3-GFP was located in the plasma membrane. The overexpression of ZxPIP1;3 in Arabidopsis prompted plant growth under favorable condition. In addition, it also conferred salt and drought tolerance with better water status as well as less ion toxicity and membrane injury, which led to more efficient photosynthesis and improved growth vigor via inducing stress-related responsive genes. This study reveals the molecular mechanisms of xerophytes’ stress tolerance and provides a valuable candidate that could be used in genetic engineering to improve crop growth and stress tolerance.
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The pip1s Quintuple Mutants Demonstrate the Essential Roles of PIP1s in the Plant Growth and Development of Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041669. [PMID: 33562315 PMCID: PMC7915877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs) transport water, CO2 and small neutral solutes across the plasma membranes. In this study, we used the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein 9 system (CRISPR/Cas9) to mutate PIP1;4 and PIP1;5 in a pip1;1,2,3 triple mutant to generate a pip1;1,2,3,4,5 (pip1s−) quintuple mutant. Compared to the wild-type (WT) plant, the pip1s− mutants had smaller sized rosette leaves and flowers, less rosette leaf number, more undeveloped siliques, shorter silique and less seeds. The pollen germination rate of the pip1s− mutant was significantly lower than that of the WT and the outer wall of the pip1s− mutant’s pollen was deformed. The transcriptomic analysis showed significant alterations in the expression of many key genes and transcription factors (TFs) in the pip1s− mutant which involved in the development of leaf, flower and pollen, suggesting that the mutant of PIP1s not only directly affects hydraulics and carbon fixation, but also regulates the expression of related genes to affect plant growth and development.
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17
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de Carli GJ, Contiliani DF, Giuliatti S, Pereira TC. An Animal Able To Tolerate D 2 O. Chembiochem 2020; 22:988-991. [PMID: 33125805 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
It is possible to gain a deeper insight into the role of water in biology by using physicochemical variant molecules, such as deuterium oxide (D2 O); however, D2 O is toxic to multicellular organisms in high concentrations. By using a unique desiccation-rehydration process, we demonstrate that the anhydrobiotic nematode Panagrolaimus superbus is able to tolerate and proliferate in 99 % D2 O. Moreover, we analysed P. superbus' water-channel protein (aquaporin; AQP), which is associated with dehydration/rehydration, by comparing its primary structure and modelling its tertiary structure in silico. Our data evidence that P. superbus' AQP is an aquaglyceroporin, a class of water channel known to display a wider pore; this helps to explain the rapid and successful organismal influx of D2 O into this species. This is the first demonstration of an animal able to withstand high D2 O levels, thus paving a way for the investigation of the effects D2 O on higher levels of biological organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel José de Carli
- Department of Biology, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,Graduate Program of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Danyel Fernandes Contiliani
- Department of Biology, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,Graduate Program of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Silvana Giuliatti
- Graduate Program of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Tiago Campos Pereira
- Department of Biology, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,Graduate Program of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
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Venâncio C, Pereira R, Lopes I. The influence of salinization on seed germination and plant growth under mono and polyculture. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:113993. [PMID: 32000022 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.113993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sea level rise induced-salinization is lowering coastal soils productivity. In order to assess the effects that increased salinity may provoke in terrestrial plants, using as model species: Trifolium pratense, Lolium perenne, Festuca arundinacea and Vicia sativa, two specific objectives were targeted: i) to determine the sensitivity of the selected plant species to increased salinity (induced by seawater-SW or by NaCl, proposed as a surrogate of SW) and, ii) to assess the influence of salinization in total biomass under different agricultural practices (mono- or polycultures). The four plant species exhibited a higher sensitivity to NaCl than to SW. Festuca arundinacea was the most tolerant species to NaCl (EC50,seed germination and EC50,growth of 18.6 and 10.5 mScm-1, respectively). The other three species presented effective conductivities in the same order of magnitude and, in general, with 95% confidence limits overlapping. Soil moistened with SW caused no significant adverse effects on seed germination and growth of L. perenne. Similar to NaCl, the other three species, in general, presented a similar sensitivity to SW exposure with EC50,seed germination and EC50,growth within the same order of magnitude and with confidence limits overlapping. The agricultural practice (mono-vs polyculture) showed some influence on the biomass of each plant species. When considering total productivity, for aerial and root biomass, it was higher in control comparatively to salinization conditions. Under salinization stress, the practice of polyculture was associated with a higher aerial and root total biomass than monocultures (for instance with combinations with T. pratense and F. arundinacea).Results suggest that the effects of salinity stress on total productivity may be minimized under agricultural practices of polyculture. Thus, this type of cultures should be encouraged in low-lying coastal ecosystems that are predicted to suffer from salinization caused by seawater intrusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Venâncio
- Centre for Functional Ecology (CFE), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Ruth Pereira
- GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre & Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Lopes
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Campus de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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Ding L, Chaumont F. Are Aquaporins Expressed in Stomatal Complexes Promising Targets to Enhance Stomatal Dynamics? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:458. [PMID: 32373147 PMCID: PMC7186399 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The opening and closure of stomata depend on the turgor pressure adjustment by the influx or efflux of ions and water in guard cells. In this process, aquaporins may play important roles by facilitating the transport of water and other small molecules. In this perspective, we consider the potential roles of aquaporins in the membrane diffusion of different molecules (H2O, CO2, and H2O2), processes dependent on abscisic acid and CO2 signaling in guard cells. While the limited data already available emphasizes the roles of aquaporins in stomatal movement, we propose additional approaches to elucidate the specific roles of single or several aquaporin isoforms in the stomata and evaluate the perspectives aquaporins might offer to improve stomatal dynamics.
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20
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Zhao W, Jung S, Schubert S. Transcription profile analysis identifies marker genes to distinguish salt shock and salt stress after stepwise acclimation in Arabidopsis thaliana and Zea mays. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 143:232-245. [PMID: 31521962 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Many physiological and molecular responses to salt stress have been investigated after a salt shock. However, salt shock rarely happens in agricultural practice. In the field, salts accumulate gradually due to poor agricultural management. Thus in salinity research, it is more reasonable to investigate plant reaction after stepwise acclimation to salt stress. Previous studies demonstrate that salt shock induces Phase 0, a short-term effect that shows transient water loss and rapid turgor decrease; salt stress after stepwise acclimation avoids Phase 0 effects and induces Phase 1. During Phase 1, plants show maintenance of turgor. In this study, salt shock and stepwise acclimation to salt stress were separated at physiological and transcriptional levels. Four major experiments were conducted: 1) leaf turgor changes were monitored in real time after salt application to separate Phase 0 and Phase 1 effects at the physiological level, 2) RNA-sequence analysis was conducted in Arabidopsis thaliana L. to identify potential marker genes that are involved in plant water relations to distinguish Phase 0 and Phase 1 at transcript level, 3) these selected marker gene candidates were identified in Arabidopsis at different Phase 0 and Phase 1 time points via qRT-PCR, 4) these candidates were further evaluated in Zea mays L. (a model plant for applied research in plant physiology and an important crop plant) via qRT-PCR. In future salinity research, marker genes that are both applicable in Arabidopsis and maize have the potential to differentiate salt shock and stepwise acclimation to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Zhao
- Institute of Plant Nutrition (iFZ), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Stephan Jung
- Institute of Plant Nutrition (iFZ), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sven Schubert
- Institute of Plant Nutrition (iFZ), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany
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Abstract
The cytoplasm of bacterial cells is a highly crowded cellular compartment that possesses considerable osmotic potential. As a result, and owing to the semipermeable nature of the cytoplasmic membrane and the semielastic properties of the cell wall, osmotically driven water influx will generate turgor, a hydrostatic pressure considered critical for growth and viability. Both increases and decreases in the external osmolarity inevitably trigger water fluxes across the cytoplasmic membrane, thus impinging on the degree of cellular hydration, molecular crowding, magnitude of turgor, and cellular integrity. Here, we assess mechanisms that permit the perception of osmotic stress by bacterial cells and provide an overview of the systems that allow them to genetically and physiologically cope with this ubiquitous environmental cue. We highlight recent developments implicating the secondary messenger c-di-AMP in cellular adjustment to osmotic stress and the role of osmotic forces in the life of bacteria-assembled in biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhard Bremer
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Department of Biology; and Center for Synthetic Microbiology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany;
| | - Reinhard Krämer
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany;
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Young TL, Zychowski KE, Denson JL, Campen MJ. Blood-brain barrier at the interface of air pollution-associated neurotoxicity and neuroinflammation. ROLE OF INFLAMMATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL NEUROTOXICITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ant.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ozu M, Galizia L, Acuña C, Amodeo G. Aquaporins: More Than Functional Monomers in a Tetrameric Arrangement. Cells 2018; 7:E209. [PMID: 30423856 PMCID: PMC6262540 DOI: 10.3390/cells7110209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) function as tetrameric structures in which each monomer has its own permeable pathway. The combination of structural biology, molecular dynamics simulations, and experimental approaches has contributed to improve our knowledge of how protein conformational changes can challenge its transport capacity, rapidly altering the membrane permeability. This review is focused on evidence that highlights the functional relationship between the monomers and the tetramer. In this sense, we address AQP permeation capacity as well as regulatory mechanisms that affect the monomer, the tetramer, or tetramers combined in complex structures. We therefore explore: (i) water permeation and recent evidence on ion permeation, including the permeation pathway controversy-each monomer versus the central pore of the tetramer-and (ii) regulatory mechanisms that cannot be attributed to independent monomers. In particular, we discuss channel gating and AQPs that sense membrane tension. For the latter we propose a possible mechanism that includes the monomer (slight changes of pore shape, the number of possible H-bonds between water molecules and pore-lining residues) and the tetramer (interactions among monomers and a positive cooperative effect).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Ozu
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina.
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428EGA CABA, Argentina.
| | - Luciano Galizia
- Instituto de investigaciones Médicas A. Lanari, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1427ARO, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Laboratorio de Canales Iónicos, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas (IDIM), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1427ARO, Argentina.
| | - Cynthia Acuña
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina.
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428EGA CABA, Argentina.
| | - Gabriela Amodeo
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina.
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428EGA CABA, Argentina.
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Dvoriashyna M, Foss AJ, Gaffney EA, Jensen OE, Repetto R. Osmotic and electroosmotic fluid transport across the retinal pigment epithelium: A mathematical model. J Theor Biol 2018; 456:233-248. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Sugie J, Intaglietta M, Sung LA. Water transport and homeostasis as a major function of erythrocytes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 314:H1098-H1107. [PMID: 29393658 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00263.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Erythrocytes have long been known to change volumes and shapes in response to different salt concentrations. Aquaporin-1 (AQP1) was discovered in their membranes more than 20 yr ago. The physiological roles of volume changes and AQP1 expression, however, have remained unclear. We propose that rapid water exchange through AQP1 coupled with large capacity for volume change may allow erythrocytes to play an important role in water regulation. In this study, we showed that erythrocytes in situ gradually reduced their volumes by 39% in response to the hyperosmotic corticomedullary gradient within mouse kidneys. AQP1 knockout (KO) erythrocytes, however, displayed only minimal reduction. Constructing a microfluidic device resembling capillary flow with an extracellular fluorescent reporter demonstrated that water exchanges between erythrocytes and their hypotonic or hypertonic surroundings in vitro reached steady state in ~60 ms. AQP1 KO erythrocytes, however, did not show significant change. To simulate the water transport in circulation, we built basic units consisting of three compartments (i.e., erythrocyte, plasma, and interstitial fluid) using Kedem-Katchalsky equations for membrane transport, and connected multiple units to account for the blood flow. These simulations agreed with experimental results. Importantly, volume-changing erythrocytes in capillaries always "increase" the osmotic gradient between plasma and interstitial fluid, making them function as "micropumps" to speed up the regulation of local osmolarity. Trillions of these micropumps, mobile throughout the body, may further contribute to water homeostasis. These insights suggest that the enhanced exchange of water, in addition to O2 and CO2, may well be the third major function of erythrocytes. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Physiological roles of erythrocyte volume change and aquaporin-1 were proposed and investigated here. We conclude that fast water transport by aquaporin-1 coupled with large volume-change capacity allows erythrocytes to enhance water exchange with local tissues. Furthermore, their huge number and mobility allow them to contribute to body water homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Sugie
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California
| | - Marcos Intaglietta
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California
| | - Lanping Amy Sung
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California-San Diego , La Jolla, California
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Sabir F, Loureiro-Dias MC, Soveral G, Prista C. Functional relevance of water and glycerol channels in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2017; 364:3739791. [PMID: 28430948 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnx080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of the functional relevance of orthodox aquaporins and aquaglyceroporins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is essentially based on phenotypic variations obtained by expression/overexpression/deletion of these major intrinsic proteins in selected strains. These water/glycerol channels are considered crucial during various life-cycle phases, such as sporulation and mating and in some life processes such as rapid freeze-thaw tolerance, osmoregulation and phenomena associated with cell surface. Despite their putative functional roles not only as channels but also as sensors, their underlying mechanisms and their regulation are still poorly understood. In the present review, we summarize and discuss the physiological relevance of S. cerevisiae aquaporins (Aqy1 and Aqy2) and aquaglyceroporins (Fps1 and Yfl054c). In particular, the fact that most S. cerevisiae laboratory strains harbor genes coding for non-functional aquaporins, while wild and industrial strains possess at least one functional aquaporin, suggests that aquaporin activity is required for cell survival under more harsh conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzana Sabir
- LEAF, Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal.,Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa,1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria C Loureiro-Dias
- LEAF, Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Graça Soveral
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa,1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Prista
- LEAF, Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
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Santander C, Aroca R, Ruiz-Lozano JM, Olave J, Cartes P, Borie F, Cornejo P. Arbuscular mycorrhiza effects on plant performance under osmotic stress. MYCORRHIZA 2017; 27:639-657. [PMID: 28647757 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-017-0784-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
At present, drought and soil salinity are among the most severe environmental stresses that affect the growth of plants through marked reduction of water uptake which lowers water potential, leading to osmotic stress. In general, osmotic stress causes a series of morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular changes that affect plant performance. Several studies have found that diverse types of soil microorganisms improve plant growth, especially when plants are under stressful conditions. Most important are the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) which form arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM) with approximately 80% of plant species and are present in almost all terrestrial ecosystems. Beyond the well-known role of AM in improving plant nutrient uptake, the contributions of AM to plants coping with osmotic stress merit analysis. With this review, we describe the principal direct and indirect mechanisms by which AM modify plant responses to osmotic stress, highlighting the role of AM in photosynthetic activity, water use efficiency, osmoprotectant production, antioxidant activities, and gene expression. We also discuss the potential for using AMF to improve plant performance under osmotic stress conditions and the lines of research needed to optimize AM use in plant production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Santander
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Recursos Hídricos (CIDERH), Universidad Arturo Prat, Vivar 493, 3er piso, Iquique, Chile
| | - Ricardo Aroca
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Ruiz-Lozano
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Jorge Olave
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Recursos Hídricos (CIDERH), Universidad Arturo Prat, Vivar 493, 3er piso, Iquique, Chile
| | - Paula Cartes
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Fernando Borie
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Pablo Cornejo
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile.
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Sutka M, Amodeo G, Ozu M. Plant and animal aquaporins crosstalk: what can be revealed from distinct perspectives. Biophys Rev 2017; 9:545-562. [PMID: 28871493 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-017-0313-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) can be revisited from a distinct and complementary perspective: the outcome from analyzing them from both plant and animal studies. (1) The approach in the study. Diversity found in both kingdoms contrasts with the limited number of crystal structures determined within each group. While the structure of almost half of mammal AQPs was resolved, only a few were resolved in plants. Strikingly, the animal structures resolved are mainly derived from the AQP2-lineage, due to their important roles in water homeostasis regulation in humans. The difference could be attributed to the approach: relevance in animal research is emphasized on pathology and in consequence drug screening that can lead to potential inhibitors, enhancers and/or regulators. By contrast, studies on plants have been mainly focused on the physiological role that AQPs play in growth, development and stress tolerance. (2) The transport capacity. Besides the well-described AQPs with high water transport capacity, large amount of evidence confirms that certain plant AQPs can carry a large list of small solutes. So far, animal AQP list is more restricted. In both kingdoms, there is a great amount of evidence on gas transport, although there is still an unsolved controversy around gas translocation as well as the role of the central pore of the tetramer. (3) More roles than expected. We found it remarkable that the view of AQPs as specific channels has evolved first toward simple transporters to molecules that can experience conformational changes triggered by biochemical and/or mechanical signals, turning them also into signaling components and/or behave as osmosensor molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moira Sutka
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires e Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Amodeo
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires e Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Marcelo Ozu
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires e Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Guan Z, Feng Y, Song A, Shi X, Mao Y, Chen S, Jiang J, Ding L, Chen F. Expression profiling of Chrysanthemum crassum under salinity stress and the initiation of morphological changes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175972. [PMID: 28437448 PMCID: PMC5402956 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chrysanthemum crassum is a decaploid species of Chrysanthemum with high stress tolerance that allows survival under salinity stress while maintaining a relatively ideal growth rate. We previously recorded morphological changes after salt treatment, such as the expansion of leaf cells. To explore the underlying salinity tolerance mechanisms, we used an Illumina platform and obtained three sequencing libraries from samples collected after 0 h, 12 h and 24 h of salt treatment. Following de novo assembly, 154,944 transcripts were generated, and 97,833 (63.14%) transcripts were annotated, including 55 Gene Ontology (GO) terms and 128 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. The expression profile of C. crassum was globally altered after salt treatment. We selected functional genes and pathways that may contribute to salinity tolerance and identified some factors involved in the salinity tolerance strategies of C. crassum, such as signal transduction, transcription factors and plant hormone regulation, enhancement of energy metabolism, functional proteins and osmolyte synthesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, photosystem protection and recovery, and cell wall protein modifications. Forty-six genes were selected for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction detection, and their expression patterns were shown to be consistent with the changes in their transcript abundance determined by RNA sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Guan
- College of Horticulture, Institution of Nanjing Agricultural University, City of Nanjing, State of Jiangsu Province, Country of China
| | - Yitong Feng
- College of Horticulture, Institution of Nanjing Agricultural University, City of Nanjing, State of Jiangsu Province, Country of China
| | - Aiping Song
- College of Horticulture, Institution of Nanjing Agricultural University, City of Nanjing, State of Jiangsu Province, Country of China
| | - Xiaomeng Shi
- College of Horticulture, Institution of Nanjing Agricultural University, City of Nanjing, State of Jiangsu Province, Country of China
| | - Yachao Mao
- College of Horticulture, Institution of Nanjing Agricultural University, City of Nanjing, State of Jiangsu Province, Country of China
| | - Sumei Chen
- College of Horticulture, Institution of Nanjing Agricultural University, City of Nanjing, State of Jiangsu Province, Country of China
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- College of Horticulture, Institution of Nanjing Agricultural University, City of Nanjing, State of Jiangsu Province, Country of China
| | - Lian Ding
- College of Horticulture, Institution of Nanjing Agricultural University, City of Nanjing, State of Jiangsu Province, Country of China
| | - Fadi Chen
- College of Horticulture, Institution of Nanjing Agricultural University, City of Nanjing, State of Jiangsu Province, Country of China
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Prieto-Martínez N, Morató R, Vilagran I, Rodríguez-Gil JE, Bonet S, Yeste M. Aquaporins in boar spermatozoa. Part II: detection and localisation of aquaglyceroporin 3. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017; 29:703-711. [DOI: 10.1071/rd15164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteins belonging to the aquaporin family play a fundamental role in water and solute transport across biological membranes. While the presence of these proteins has been extensively studied in somatic cells, their function in mammalian spermatozoa has been studied less. The present study was designed to identify and localise aquaglyceroporin 3 (AQP3) in boar spermatozoa. With this purpose, 29 fresh ejaculates from post-pubertal Piétrain boars were classified into two groups based upon their sperm quality and subsequently evaluated through western blot and immunofluorescence assessments. Western blotting showed the specific signal band of AQP3 at 25 kDa, whereas immunofluorescence assessments allowed us to identify two different AQP3 localisation patterns: (1) spermatozoa presenting a clear labelling located only in the mid-piece and (2) spermatozoa exhibiting a distribution pattern in the head and along the entire tail. The first staining pattern was predominant in all studied ejaculates. Despite individual differences in AQP3 content and localisation between boar ejaculates, these differences were not correlated with sperm quality. In conclusion, although AQP3 is present in boar spermatozoa in two different localisation patterns, neither the AQP3 content nor its localisation have been found to be associated with conventional sperm parameters.
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Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Adipose Tissue Differentiated into Neuronal or Glial Phenotype Express Different Aquaporins. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:8308-8320. [PMID: 27921242 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0312-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are 13 integral membrane proteins that provide selective pores for the rapid movement of water and other uncharged solutes, across cell membranes. Recently, AQPs have been focused for their role in production, circulation, and homeostasis of the cerebrospinal fluid and their importance in several human diseases is becoming clear. This study investigated the time course (0, 14, and 28 days) of AQP1, 4, 7, 8, and 9 during the neural differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from adipose tissue (AT). For this purpose, two different media, enriched with serum or B-27 and N1 supplements, were applied to give a stimulus toward neural lineage. After 14 days, the cells were cultured with neuronal or glial differentiating medium for further 14 days. The results confirmed that AT-MSCs could be differentiated into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, expressing not only the typical neural markers but also specific AQPs depending on differentiated cell type. Our data demonstrated that at 28 days, AT-MSCs express only AQP1; astrocytes AQP1, 4, and 7; oligodendrocytes AQP1, 4, and 8; and finally neurons AQP1 and 7. This study provides fundamental insight into the biology of the mesenchymal stem cells and it suggests that AQPs can be potential neural markers.
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Pérez Di Giorgio JA, Soto GC, Muschietti JP, Amodeo G. Pollen Aquaporins: The Solute Factor. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1659. [PMID: 27881985 PMCID: PMC5101680 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In the recent years, the biophysical properties and presumed physiological role of aquaporins (AQPs) have been expanded to specialized cells where water and solute exchange are crucial traits. Complex but unique processes such as stomatal movement or pollen hydration and germination have been addressed not only by identifying the specific AQP involved but also by studying how these proteins integrate and coordinate cellular activities and functions. In this review, we referred specifically to pollen-specific AQPs and analyzed what has been assumed in terms of transport properties and what has been found in terms of their physiological role. Unlike that in many other cells, the AQP machinery in mature pollen lacks plasma membrane intrinsic proteins, which are extensively studied for their high water capacity exchange. Instead, a variety of TIPs and NIPs are expressed in pollen. These findings have altered the initial understanding of AQPs and water exchange to consider specific and diverse solutes that might be critical to sustaining pollen's success. The spatial and temporal distribution of the pollen AQPs also reflects a regulatory mechanism that allowing a properly adjusting water and solute exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana A. Pérez Di Giorgio
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela C. Soto
- Instituto de Genética Ewald A. Favret – Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas – Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jorge P. Muschietti
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos AiresBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Amodeo
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos AiresBuenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada – Universidad de Buenos Aires–Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos Aires, Argentina
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Nriagu J, Darroudi F, Shomar B. Health effects of desalinated water: Role of electrolyte disturbance in cancer development. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 150:191-204. [PMID: 27295409 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This review contends that "healthy" water in terms of electrolyte balance is as important as "pure" water in promoting public health. It considers the growing use of desalination (demineralization) technologies in drinking water treatment which often results in tap water with very low concentrations of sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium. Ingestion of such water can lead to electrolyte abnormalities marked by hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia and hypocalcemia which are among the most common and recognizable features in cancer patients. The causal relationships between exposure to demineralized water and malignancies are poorly understood. This review highlights some of the epidemiological and in vivo evidence that link dysregulated electrolyte metabolism with carcinogenesis and the development of cancer hallmarks. It discusses how ingestion of demineralized water can have a procarcinogenic effect through mediating some of the critical pathways and processes in the cancer microenvironment such as angiogenesis, genomic instability, resistance to programmed cell death, sustained proliferative signaling, cell immortalization and tumorigenic inflammation. Evidence that hypoosmotic stress-response processes can upregulate a number of potential oncogenes is well supported by a number studies. In view of the rising production and consumption of demineralized water in most parts of the world, there is a strong need for further research on the biological importance and protean roles of electrolyte abnormalities in promoting, antagonizing or otherwise enabling the development of cancer. The countries of the Gulf Cooperative Council (GCC) where most people consume desalinated water would be a logical place to start this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Nriagu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
| | - Firouz Darroudi
- Centre of Human Safety and Environmental Research, Department of Health Sciences, College of North Atlantic, Doha, Qatar; Centre of Human Safety & Health and Diagnostic Genome Analysis, Red Crescent Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Basem Shomar
- Qatar Environmental and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
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Wang M, Ding L, Gao L, Li Y, Shen Q, Guo S. The Interactions of Aquaporins and Mineral Nutrients in Higher Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1229. [PMID: 27483251 PMCID: PMC5000627 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins, major intrinsic proteins (MIPs) present in the plasma and intracellular membranes, facilitate the transport of small neutral molecules across cell membranes in higher plants. Recently, progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms of aquaporin subcellular localization, transport selectivity, and gating properties. Although the role of aquaporins in maintaining the plant water status has been addressed, the interactions between plant aquaporins and mineral nutrients remain largely unknown. This review highlights the roles of various aquaporin orthologues in mineral nutrient uptake and transport, as well as the regulatory effects of mineral nutrients on aquaporin expression and activity, and an integrated link between aquaporins and mineral nutrient metabolism was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Lei Ding
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium.
| | - Limin Gao
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yingrui Li
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Qirong Shen
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Shiwei Guo
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Net Fluorescein Flux Across Corneal Endothelium Strongly Suggests Fluid Transport is due to Electro-osmosis. J Membr Biol 2016; 249:469-73. [PMID: 26989056 PMCID: PMC4942490 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-016-9887-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
We have presented prior evidence suggesting that fluid transport results from electro-osmosis at the intercellular junctions of the corneal endothelium. Such phenomenon ought to drag other extracellular solutes. We have investigated this using fluorescein-Na2 as an extracellular marker. We measured unidirectional fluxes across layers of cultured human corneal endothelial (HCE) cells. SV-40-transformed HCE layers were grown to confluence on permeable membrane inserts. The medium was DMEM with high glucose and no phenol red. Fluorescein-labeled medium was placed either on the basolateral or the apical side of the inserts; the other side carried unlabeled medium. The inserts were held in a CO2 incubator for 1 h (at 37 °C), after which the entire volume of the unlabeled side was collected. After that, label was placed on the opposite side, and the corresponding paired sample was collected after another hour. Fluorescein counts were determined with a (Photon Technology) DeltaScan fluorometer (excitation 380 nm; emission 550 nm; 2 nm bwth). Samples were read for 60 s. The cells utilized are known to transport fluid from the basolateral to the apical side, just as they do in vivo in several species. We used 4 inserts for influx and efflux (total: 20 1-h periods). We found a net flux of fluorescein from the basolateral to the apical side. The flux ratio was 1.104 ± 0.056. That difference was statistically significant (p = 0.00006, t test, paired samples). The endothelium has a definite restriction at the junctions. Hence, an asymmetry in unidirectional fluxes cannot arise from osmosis, and can only point instead to paracellular solvent drag. We suggest, once more, that such drag is due to electro-osmotic coupling at the paracellular junctions.
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Turgeman T, Shatil-Cohen A, Moshelion M, Teper-Bamnolker P, Skory CD, Lichter A, Eshel D. The Role of Aquaporins in pH-Dependent Germination of Rhizopus delemar Spores. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150543. [PMID: 26959825 PMCID: PMC4784744 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhizopus delemar and associated species attack a wide range of fruit and vegetables after harvest. Host nutrients and acidic pH are required for optimal germination of R. delemar, and we studied how this process is triggered. Glucose induced spore swelling in an acidic environment, expressed by an up to 3-fold increase in spore diameter, whereas spore diameter was smaller in a neutral environment. When suspended in an acidic environment, the spores started to float, indicating a change in their density. Treatment of the spores with HgCl2, an aquaporin blocker, prevented floating and inhibited spore swelling and germ-tube emergence, indicating the importance of water uptake at the early stages of germination. Two putative candidate aquaporin-encoding genes-RdAQP1 and RdAQP2-were identified in the R. delemar genome. Both presented the conserved NPA motif and six-transmembrane domain topology. Expressing RdAQP1 and RdAQP2 in Arabidopsis protoplasts increased the cells' osmotic water permeability coefficient (Pf) compared to controls, indicating their role as water channels. A decrease in R. delemar aquaporin activity with increasing external pH suggested pH regulation of these proteins. Substitution of two histidine (His) residues, positioned on two loops facing the outer side of the cell, with alanine eliminated the pH sensing resulting in similar Pf values under acidic and basic conditions. Since hydration is critical for spore switching from the resting to activate state, we suggest that pH regulation of the aquaporins can regulate the initial phase of R. delemar spore germination, followed by germ-tube elongation and host-tissue infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tidhar Turgeman
- Department of Postharvest Sciences of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), The Volcani Center, Bet-Dagan, Israel
- Department of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Arava Shatil-Cohen
- Department of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Menachem Moshelion
- Department of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Paula Teper-Bamnolker
- Department of Postharvest Sciences of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), The Volcani Center, Bet-Dagan, Israel
| | - Christopher D. Skory
- Renewable Product Technology Research Unit, NTL Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Amnon Lichter
- Department of Postharvest Sciences of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), The Volcani Center, Bet-Dagan, Israel
| | - Dani Eshel
- Department of Postharvest Sciences of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), The Volcani Center, Bet-Dagan, Israel
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Foglia F, Hazael R, Simeoni GG, Appavou MS, Moulin M, Haertlein M, Trevor Forsyth V, Seydel T, Daniel I, Meersman F, McMillan PF. Water Dynamics in Shewanella oneidensis at Ambient and High Pressure using Quasi-Elastic Neutron Scattering. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18862. [PMID: 26738409 PMCID: PMC4703977 DOI: 10.1038/srep18862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) is an ideal technique for studying water transport and relaxation dynamics at pico- to nanosecond timescales and at length scales relevant to cellular dimensions. Studies of high pressure dynamic effects in live organisms are needed to understand Earth's deep biosphere and biotechnology applications. Here we applied QENS to study water transport in Shewanella oneidensis at ambient (0.1 MPa) and high (200 MPa) pressure using H/D isotopic contrast experiments for normal and perdeuterated bacteria and buffer solutions to distinguish intracellular and transmembrane processes. The results indicate that intracellular water dynamics are comparable with bulk diffusion rates in aqueous fluids at ambient conditions but a significant reduction occurs in high pressure mobility. We interpret this as due to enhanced interactions with macromolecules in the nanoconfined environment. Overall diffusion rates across the cell envelope also occur at similar rates but unexpected narrowing of the QENS signal appears between momentum transfer values Q = 0.7-1.1 Å(-1) corresponding to real space dimensions of 6-9 Å. The relaxation time increase can be explained by correlated dynamics of molecules passing through Aquaporin water transport complexes located within the inner or outer membrane structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizia Foglia
- Chemistry Department, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Rachael Hazael
- Chemistry Department, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Giovanna G. Simeoni
- Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ) and Physics Department, Technisches Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Marie-Sousai Appavou
- Jülich Center for Neutron Sciences at MLZ, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Lichtenbergstrasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Martine Moulin
- Life Sciences Group, Carl-Ivar Brändén Building, Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble cedex 9, France
| | - Michael Haertlein
- Life Sciences Group, Carl-Ivar Brändén Building, Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble cedex 9, France
| | - V. Trevor Forsyth
- Life Sciences Group, Carl-Ivar Brändén Building, Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble cedex 9, France
- Faculty of Natural Sciences/ISTM, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Tilo Seydel
- Science Division, Institut Laue-Langevin, CS 20156, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble cedex 9, France
| | - Isabelle Daniel
- Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon, UMR 5276, Université Lyon 1-ENS de Lyon-CNRS, 2 rue Raphaël Dubois, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Filip Meersman
- Chemistry Department, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
- Biomolecular & Analytical Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Paul F. McMillan
- Chemistry Department, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
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Xu H, Navarro-Ródenas A, Cooke JEK, Zwiazek JJ. Transcript profiling of aquaporins during basidiocarp development in Laccaria bicolor ectomycorrhizal with Picea glauca. MYCORRHIZA 2016; 26:19-31. [PMID: 25957233 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-015-0643-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Sporocarp formation is part of the reproductive stage in the life cycle of many mycorrhizal macrofungi. Sporocarp formation is accompanied by a transcriptomic switch and profound changes in regulation of the gene families that play crucial roles in the sporocarp initiation and maturation. Since sporocarp growth requires efficient water delivery, in the present study, we investigated changes in transcript abundance of six fungal aquaporin genes that could be cloned from the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor strain UAMH8232, during the initiation and development of its basidiocarp. Aquaporins are intrinsic membrane proteins facilitating the transmembrane transport of water and other small neutral molecules. In controlled-environment experiments, we induced basidiocarp formation in L. bicolor, which formed ectomycorrhizal associations with white spruce (Picea glauca) seedlings. We profiled transcript abundance corresponding to six fungal aquaporin genes at six different developmental stages of basidiocarp growth and development. We also compared physiological parameters of non-inoculated to mycorrhizal seedlings with and without the presence of basidiocarps. Two L. bicolor aquaporins--JQ585592, a functional channel for CO2, NO and H2O2, and JQ585595, a functional water channel--showed the greatest degree of upregulation during development of the basidiocarp. Our findings point to the importance of aquaporin-mediated transmembrane water and CO2 transport during distinct stages of basidiocarp development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 2E3
| | | | - Janice E K Cooke
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 2E9
| | - Janusz J Zwiazek
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 2E3.
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Alavilli H, Awasthi JP, Rout GR, Sahoo L, Lee BH, Panda SK. Overexpression of a Barley Aquaporin Gene, HvPIP2;5 Confers Salt and Osmotic Stress Tolerance in Yeast and Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1566. [PMID: 27818670 PMCID: PMC5073208 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We characterized an aquaporin gene HvPIP2;5 from Hordeum vulgare and investigated its physiological roles in heterologous expression systems, yeast and Arabidopsis, under high salt and high osmotic stress conditions. In yeast, the expression of HvPIP2;5 enhanced abiotic stress tolerance under high salt and high osmotic conditions. Arabidopsis plants overexpressing HvPIP2;5 also showed better stress tolerance in germination and root growth under high salt and high osmotic stresses than the wild type (WT). HvPIP2;5 overexpressing plants were able to survive and recover after a 3-week drought period unlike the control plants which wilted and died during stress treatment. Indeed, overexpression of HvPIP2;5 caused higher retention of chlorophylls and water under salt and osmotic stresses than did control. We also observed lower accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), an end-product of lipid peroxidation in HvPIP2;5 overexpressing plants than in WT. These results suggest that HvPIP2;5 overexpression brought about stress tolerance, at least in part, by reducing the secondary oxidative stress caused by salt and osmotic stresses. Consistent with these stress tolerant phenotypes, HvPIP2;5 overexpressing Arabidopsis lines showed higher expression and activities of ROS scavenging enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) under salt and osmotic stresses than did WT. In addition, the proline biosynthesis genes, Δ 1-Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Synthase 1 and 2 (P5CS1 and P5CS2) were up-regulated in HvPIP2;5 overexpressing plants under salt and osmotic stresses, which coincided with increased levels of the osmoprotectant proline. Together, these results suggested that HvPIP2;5 overexpression enhanced stress tolerance to high salt and high osmotic stresses by increasing activities and/or expression of ROS scavenging enzymes and osmoprotectant biosynthetic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jay Prakash Awasthi
- Plant Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam UniversitySilchar, India
| | - Gyana R. Rout
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Orissa University of Agriculture and TechnologyBhubaneswar, India
| | - Lingaraj Sahoo
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of TechnologyGuwahati, India
| | - Byeong-ha Lee
- Department of Life Science, Sogang UniversitySeoul, Korea
- *Correspondence: Byeong-ha Lee
| | - Sanjib Kumar Panda
- Plant Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam UniversitySilchar, India
- Sanjib Kumar Panda
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Abstract
Life depends on a membrane's ability to precisely control the level of solutes in the aqueous compartments, inside and outside, bathing the membrane. The membrane determines what solutes enter and leave a cell. Transmembrane transport is controlled by complex interactions between membrane lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. How the membrane accomplishes these tasks is the topic of this chapter.
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Yaneff A, Vitali V, Amodeo G. PIP1 aquaporins: Intrinsic water channels or PIP2 aquaporin modulators? FEBS Lett 2015; 589:3508-15. [PMID: 26526614 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The highly conserved plant aquaporins, known as Plasma membrane Intrinsic Proteins (PIPs), are the main gateways for cell membrane water exchange. Years of research have described in detail the properties of the PIP2 subfamily. However, characterizing the PIP1 subfamily has been difficult due to the failure to localize to the plasma membrane. In addition, the discovery of the PIP1-PIP2 interaction suggested that PIP1 aquaporins could be regulated by a complex posttranslational mechanism that involves trafficking, heteromerization and fine-tuning of channel activity. This review not only considers the evidence and findings but also discusses the complexity of PIP aquaporins. To establish a new benchmark in PIP regulation, we propose to consider PIP1-PIP2 pairs as functional units for the purpose of future research into their physiological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín Yaneff
- Departamento de Biodiversidad de Biología Experimental and Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental (IBBEA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Victoria Vitali
- Departamento de Biodiversidad de Biología Experimental and Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental (IBBEA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Amodeo
- Departamento de Biodiversidad de Biología Experimental and Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental (IBBEA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Cacace V, Kusnier CF, Fischbarg J. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Net Fluorescein Flux Across Corneal Endothelium Suggests Fluid Transport is Driven by Electroosmosis. J Membr Biol 2015; 249:197. [PMID: 26423751 PMCID: PMC4851691 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-015-9849-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V Cacace
- ININCA, Conicet, Marcelo T. de Alvear 2270, CP 1122AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C F Kusnier
- ININCA, Conicet, Marcelo T. de Alvear 2270, CP 1122AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J Fischbarg
- ININCA, Conicet, Marcelo T. de Alvear 2270, CP 1122AAJ, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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44
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Benga G, Chapman BE, Romeo T, Cox GC, Kuchel PW. Morphology and water permeability of red blood cells from green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas). PROTOPLASMA 2015; 252:1181-1185. [PMID: 25534259 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-014-0747-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The morphology and diffusional water permeability (P d) of red blood cells (RBCs) from green sea turtle (GST) (Chelonia mydas) are presented for the first time. The RBCs had an ellipsoidal shape with full-axis lengths (diameters): D = 14.4 μm; d = 10.2 μm; h = 2.8 μm. The values of P d (cm s(-1)) were 5.1 × 10(-3) at 15 °C, 5.7 × 10(-3) at 20 °C, 6.3 × 10(-3) at 25 °C, 6.8 × 10(-3) at 30 °C, and 7.9 × 10(-3) at 37 °C (i.e., significantly higher than in human RBCs in which it was measured to be 4.2 × 10(-3) at 25 °C, 5.0 × 10(-3) at 30 °C, and 6.2 × 10(-3) at 37 °C). There was a lack of inhibition of P d of GST RBCs by p-chloromercuribenzoate (PCMB), a well-known inhibitor of the RBC water channel proteins (WCPs). The activation energy of water diffusion (E a,d) in GST RBCs was 15.0 ± 1.6 kJ mol(-1) which is lower than the E a,d for human RBCs (~25 kJ mol(-1)). These results indicate that in the membrane of GST RBCs, there were no WCPs that were inhibited by the mercurial reagent, while the lipid bilayer of this membrane is unusually permeable to water. This is likely to be a phylogenetically old trait, like that found in amphibians and even the later birds, all of which have nucleated erythrocytes; and it is also likely to be a result of the animal's adaptation to a herbivorous diet (algae and seagrasses).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gheorghe Benga
- Laboratory of Genetic Explorations, Cluj County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 6 Pasteur St., 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,
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An F, Zou Z, Cai X, Wang J, Rookes J, Lin W, Cahill D, Kong L. Regulation of HbPIP2;3, a Latex-Abundant Water Transporter, Is Associated with Latex Dilution and Yield in the Rubber Tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125595. [PMID: 25927524 PMCID: PMC4416032 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) latex, the source of natural rubber, is synthesised in the cytoplasm of laticifers. Efficient water inflow into laticifers is crucial for latex flow and production since it is the determinant of the total solid content of latex and its fluidity after tapping. As the mature laticifer vessel rings are devoid of plasmodesmata, water exchange between laticifers and surrounding cells is believed to be governed by plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs). To identify the most important PIP aquaporin in the water balance of laticifers, the transcriptional profiles of ten-latex-expressed PIPs were analysed. One of the most abundant transcripts, designated HbPIP2;3, was characterised in this study. When tested in Xenopus laevis oocytes HbPIP2;3 showed a high efficiency in increasing plasmalemma water conductance. Expression analysis indicated that the HbPIP2;3 gene was preferentially expressed in latex, and the transcripts were up-regulated by both wounding and exogenously applied Ethrel (a commonly-used ethylene releaser). Although regular tapping up-regulated the expression of HbPIP2;3 during the first few tappings of the virginal rubber trees, the transcriptional kinetics of HbPIP2;3 to Ethrel stimulation in the regularly tapped tree exhibited a similar pattern to that of the previously reported HbPIP2;1 in the virginal rubber trees. Furthermore, the mRNA level of HbPIP2;3 was associated with clonal yield potential and the Ethrel stimulation response. Together, these results have revealed the central regulatory role of HbPIP2;3 in laticifer water balance and ethylene stimulation of latex production in Hevea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng An
- Danzhou Investigation & Experiment Station of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, 571737, P. R. China
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, 3216, Australia
| | - Zhi Zou
- Danzhou Investigation & Experiment Station of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, 571737, P. R. China
| | - Xiuqing Cai
- College of Agronomy, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Danzhou Investigation & Experiment Station of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, 571737, P. R. China
| | - James Rookes
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, 3216, Australia
| | - Weifu Lin
- Danzhou Investigation & Experiment Station of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, 571737, P. R. China
| | - David Cahill
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, 3216, Australia
| | - Lingxue Kong
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, 3216, Australia
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Are Aquaporins the Missing Transmembrane Osmosensors? J Membr Biol 2015; 248:753-65. [PMID: 25791748 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-015-9790-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of cell volume is central to homeostasis. It is assumed to begin with the detection of a change in water potential across the bounding membrane, but it is not clear how this is accomplished. While examples of general osmoreceptors (which sense osmotic pressure in one phase) and stretch-activated ion channels (which require swelling of a cell or organelle) are known, effective volume regulation requires true transmembrane osmosensors (TMOs) which directly detect a water potential difference spanning a membrane. At present, no TMO molecule has been unambiguously identified, and clear evidence for mammalian TMOs is notably lacking. In this paper, we set out a theory of TMOs which requires a water channel spanning the membrane that excludes the major osmotic solutes, responds directly without the need for any other process such as swelling, and signals to other molecules associated with the magnitude of changing osmotic differences. The most likely molecules that are fit for this purpose and which are also ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells are aquaporins (AQPs). We review experimental evidence from several systems which indicates that AQPs are essential elements in regulation and may be functioning as TMOs; i.e. the first step in an osmosensing sequence that signals osmotic imbalance in a cell or organelle. We extend this concept to several systems of current interest in which the cellular involvement of AQPs as simple water channels is puzzling or counter-intuitive. We suggest that, apart from regulatory volume changes in cells, AQPs may also be acting as TMOs in red cells, secretory granules and microorganisms.
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47
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Qian ZJ, Song JJ, Chaumont F, Ye Q. Differential responses of plasma membrane aquaporins in mediating water transport of cucumber seedlings under osmotic and salt stresses. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2015; 38:461-73. [PMID: 24601940 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
It has long been recognized that inhibition of plant water transport by either osmotic stress or salinity is mediated by aquaporins (AQPs), but the function and regulation of AQPs are highly variable among distinct isoforms and across different species. In this study, cucumber seedlings were subjected to polyethylene glycol (PEG) or NaCl stress for duration of 2 h or 24 h. The 2 h treatment with PEG or NaCl had non-significant effect on the expression of plasma membrane AQP (CsPIPs) in roots, indicating the decrease in hydraulic conductivity of roots (Lpr ) and root cells (Lprc ) measured in these conditions were due to changes in AQP activity. After both 2 h and 24 h PEG or NaCl exposure, the decrease in hydraulic conductivity of leaves (Kleaf ) and leaf cells (Lplc ) could be attributed to a down-regulation of the two most highly expressed isoforms, CsPIP1;2 and CsPIP2;4. In roots, both Lpr and Lprc were further reduced after 24 h PEG exposure, but partially recovered after 24 h NaCl treatment, which were consistent with changes in the expression of CsPIP genes. Overall, the results demonstrated differential responses of CsPIPs in mediating water transport of cucumber seedlings, and the regulatory mechanisms differed according to applied stresses, stress durations and specific organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Jiang Qian
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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48
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Osmosensing and osmoregulation in unicellular eukaryotes. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 31:435-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-015-1811-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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49
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Fricke W. The significance of water co-transport for sustaining transpirational water flow in plants: a quantitative approach. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:731-9. [PMID: 25563967 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In a recent Opinion paper, Wegner (Journal of Experimental Botany 65, 381-392, 2014) adapts a concept developed for water flow in animal tissues to propose a model, which can explain the loading of water into the root xylem against a difference in water potential (Ψ) between the xylem parenchyma cell (more negative Ψ) and the xylem vessel (less negative Ψ). In this model, the transport of water is energized through the co-transport of ions such as K(+) and Cl(-) through plasma membrane-located transporters. The emphasis of the model is on the thermodynamic feasibility of the co-transport mechanism per se. However, what is lacking is a quantitative evaluation of the energy input required at the organismal level to sustain such a co-transport mechanism in the face of considerable net (transpirational) flows of water through the system. Here, we use a ratio of 500 water molecules being co-transported for every pair of K(+) and Cl(-) ions, as proposed for the animal system, to calculate the energy required to sustain daytime and night-time transpirational water flow in barley plants through a water co-transport mechanism. We compare this energy with the total daily net input of energy through photosynthetic carbon assimilation. Water co-transport can facilitate the filling of xylem against a difference in Ψ of 1.0MPa and puts a minor drain on the energy budget of the plant. Based on these findings it cannot be excluded that water co-transport in plants contributes significantly to xylem filling during night-time and possibly also daytime transpiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wieland Fricke
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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50
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Nehls U, Dietz S. Fungal aquaporins: cellular functions and ecophysiological perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:8835-51. [PMID: 25213914 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-6049-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Three aspects have to be taken into consideration when discussing cellular water and solute permeability of fungal cells: cell wall properties, membrane permeability, and transport through proteinaceous pores (the main focus of this review). Yet, characterized major intrinsic proteins (MIPs) can be grouped into three functional categories: (mainly) water transporting aquaporins, aquaglyceroporins that confer preferentially solute permeability (e.g., glycerol and ammonia), and bifunctional aquaglyceroporins that can facilitate efficient water and solute transfer. Two ancestor proteins, a water (orthodox aquaporin) and a solute facilitator (aquaglyceroporin), are supposed to give rise to today's MIPs. Based on primary sequences of fungal MIPs, orthodox aquaporins/X-intrinsic proteins (XIPs) and FPS1-like/Yfl054-like/other aquaglyceroporins are supposed to be respective sister groups. However, at least within the fungal kingdom, no easy functional conclusion can be drawn from the phylogenetic position of a given protein within the MIP pedigree. In consequence, ecophysiological prediction of MIP relevance is not feasible without detailed functional analysis of the respective protein and expression studies. To illuminate the diverse MIP implications in fungal lifestyle, our current knowledge about protein function in two organisms, baker's yeast and the Basidiomycotic Laccaria bicolor, an ectomycorrhizal model fungus, was exemplarily summarized in this review. MIP function has been investigated in such a depth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that a system-wide view is possible. Yeast lifestyle, however, is special in many circumstances. Therefore, L. bicolor as filamentous Basidiomycete was added and allows insight into a very different way of life. Special emphasis was laid in this review onto ecophysiological interpretation of MIP function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Nehls
- Botany, University of Bremen, Leobenerstr. 2, 28359, Bremen, Germany,
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