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Balint R, Boajă IP. Assisted phytoextraction as a nature-based solution for the sustainable remediation of metal(loid)-contaminated soils. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2024; 20:2003-2022. [PMID: 38441364 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/18/2024]
Abstract
Soil contamination is a significant environmental issue that poses a threat to human health and the ecosystems. Conventional remediation techniques, such as excavation and landfilling, are often expensive, disruptive, and unsustainable. As a result, there has been growing interest in developing sustainable remediation strategies that are cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and socially acceptable. One such solution is phytoextraction: a nature-based approach that uses the abilities of hyperaccumulator plants to uptake and accumulate metals and metalloids (potentially toxic elements [PTE]) without signs of toxicity. Once harvested, plant biomass can be treated to reduce its volume and weight by combustion, thus obtaining bioenergy, and the ashes can be used for the recovery of metals or in the construction industry. However, phytoextraction has shown variable effectiveness due to soil conditions and plant species specificity, which has led researchers to develop additional approaches known as assisted phytoextraction to enhance its success. Assisted phytoextraction is a remediation strategy based on modifying certain plant traits or using different materials to increase metal uptake or bioavailability. This review article provides a practical and up-to-date overview of established strategies and the latest scientific advancements in assisted phytoextraction. Our focus is on improving plant performance and optimizing the uptake, tolerance, and accumulation of PTE, as well as the accessibility of these contaminants. While we highlight the advantages of using hyperaccumulator plants for assisted phytoextraction, we also address the challenges and limitations associated with this approach. Factors such as soil pH, nutrient availability, and the presence of other contaminants can affect its efficiency. Furthermore, the real-world challenges of implementing phytoextraction on a large scale are discussed and strategies to modify plant traits for successful phytoremediation are presented. By exploring established strategies and the latest scientific developments in assisted phytoextraction, this review provides valuable guidance for optimizing a sustainable, nature-based technology. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:2003-2022. © 2024 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iustina Popescu Boajă
- Geological Institute of Romania, Bucharest, Romania
- National University of Science and Technlogy Politehnica, Bucharest, Romania
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2
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Solans M, Tadey M, Messuti MI, Cortada A, Zambrano VL, Riádigos E, Wall LG, Scervino JM. Do Streptomyces sp. Help Mycorrhization in Raspberry? Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:399. [PMID: 39382706 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03928-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
Actinobacteria may help the mycorrhizal symbiosis by producing various bioactive metabolites. Mycorrhizae, in turn, are very important since they increase the absorption of nutrients, promoting the growth of their host plant and making inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AM) a common practice applied in agriculture and forestry. The cultivation of Rubus idaeus (raspberry) is widespread in Patagonia, Argentina; however, the potential benefits of using actinobacteria-mycorrhizal inoculums to enhance crop growth and yield remain unexplored. The objective of this work was to study the interaction between actinobacteria (Streptomyces, Actinomycetota) and AM in raspberry plants. We performed an experiment applying 4 treatments to raspberry plants growing in two substrates, sterile soil and natural (non-sterile) soil. The treatments consisted in a control (without inoculation) and three inoculations treatments (AM, Streptomyces SH9 strain, and AM + Streptomyces). After 3 months of inoculation, mycorrhization parameters (%) and plant growth were recorded. When comparing both substrates, the mycorrhization parameters were higher in natural soil than in sterile soil. The co-inoculation with AM + Streptomyces SH9 showed the highest mycorrhization. Both factors (treatment x substrate) interacted showing that in sterile soil the treatments with the highest effect on mycorrhization parameters were AM and the co-inoculation, while in natural soil all inoculations improved mycorrhization parameters, being highest with the co-inoculation. These results show that Streptomyces SH9 strain helps the mycorrhizal symbiosis in raspberry, being the first report about the effect of a native rhizospheric actinobacterium on an economically important species, promising potential for environmentally friendly improvements in raspberry crops within the temperate Southern Patagonian region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariana Tadey
- INIBIOMA-UNComahue-CONICET, 8400, Bariloche, Argentina
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3
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Moukarzel R, Jones EE, Panda P, Larrouy J, Ramana JV, Guerin-Laguette A, Ridgway HJ. Vineyard management systems influence arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi recruitment by grapevine rootstocks in New Zealand. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae211. [PMID: 39147565 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can perform significant functions within sustainable agricultural ecosystems, including vineyards. Increased AMF diversity can be beneficial in promoting plant growth and increasing resilience to environmental changes. To effectively utilize AMF communities and their benefits in vineyard ecosystems, a better understanding of how management systems influence AMF community composition is needed. Moreover, it is unknown whether AMF communities in organically managed vineyards are distinct from those in conventionally managed vineyards. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, vineyards were surveyed across the Marlborough region, New Zealand to identify the AMF communities colonizing the roots of different rootstocks grafted with Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Noir in both conventional and organic systems. The AMF communities were identified based on spores isolated from trap cultures established with the collected grapevine roots, and by next-generation sequencing technologies (Illumina MiSeq). The identified AMF species/genera belonged to Glomeraceae, Entrophosporaceae, and Diversisporaceae. The results revealed a significant difference in AMF community composition between rootstocks and in their interaction with management systems. CONCLUSIONS These outcomes indicated that vineyard management systems influence AMF recruitment by rootstocks and some rootstocks may therefore be more suited to organic systems due to the AMF communities they support. This could provide an increased benefit to organic systems by supporting higher biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romy Moukarzel
- Department of Pest-management and Conservation, Lincoln University, PO Box 85084, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand
| | - E Eirian Jones
- Department of Pest-management and Conservation, Lincoln University, PO Box 85084, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand
| | - Preeti Panda
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd., Private Bag 4704, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Justine Larrouy
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd., Private Bag 4704, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - John V Ramana
- Bioprotection Aotearoa, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
- Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research, PO Box 69040, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand
| | | | - Hayley J Ridgway
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd., Private Bag 4704, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
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Durney C, Boussageon R, El-Mjiyad N, Wipf D, Courty PE. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis with Rhizophagus irregularis DAOM197198 modifies the root transcriptome of walnut trees. MYCORRHIZA 2024; 34:341-350. [PMID: 38801470 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-024-01152-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Walnut trees are cultivated and exploited worldwide for commercial timber and nut production. They are heterografted plants, with the rootstock selected to grow in different soil types and conditions and to provide the best anchorage, vigor, and resistance or tolerance to soil borne pests and diseases. However, no individual rootstock is tolerant of all factors that impact walnut production. In Europe, Juglans regia is mainly used as a rootstock. Like most terrestrial plants, walnut trees form arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses, improving water and nutrient uptake and providing additional ecosystem services. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis on root gene regulation, however, has never been assessed. We analyzed the response of one rootstock of J. regia to colonization by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis DAOM197198. Plant growth as well as the nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in roots and shoots were significantly increased in mycorrhizal plants versus non-colonized plants. In addition, we have shown that 1,549 genes were differentially expressed, with 832 and 717 genes up- and down-regulated, respectively. The analysis also revealed that some rootstock genes involved in plant nutrition through the mycorrhizal pathway, are regulated similarly as in other mycorrhizal woody species: Vitis vinifera and Populus trichocarpa. In addition, an enrichment analysis performed on GO and KEGG pathways revealed some regulation specific to J. regia (i.e., the juglone pathway). This analysis reinforces the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis on root gene regulation and on the need to finely study the effects of diverse arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on root gene regulation, but also of the scion on the functioning of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus in heterografted plants such as walnut tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célien Durney
- Agroécologie INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Raphael Boussageon
- Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Noureddine El-Mjiyad
- Agroécologie INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Daniel Wipf
- Agroécologie INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Courty
- Agroécologie INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France.
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Hussain A, Faizan S, Kumari R, Pandey E. Morphological and biochemical responses of Vicia faba (faba beans) grown on fly ash amended soil in the presence of Rhizobium leguminosarum and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:44361-44373. [PMID: 38949734 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34154-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
An experiment was conducted in the greenhouse to investigate the feasibility of Vicia faba grown on different fly ash concentrations (0-30%) and dual inoculation with Rhizobium and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Sampling was done 45 days after sowing to analyse the plant growth parameters, photosynthetic attributes (total chlorophyll and carotenoids content), protein content, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) content, defensive factors (antioxidant activity and proline content) and damage markers (lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species and cell viability). The results revealed that the application of fly ash (FA) alone did not result in any significant improvement in growth, biochemical and physiological parameters. However, dual inoculation showed a synergistic impact on legume growth, photosynthetic pigments, protein, proline, and cell viability. Rhizobium, AMF and 10% FA showed maximum enhancement in all attributes mentioned. 20% and 30% fly doses showed a reduction in growth, photosynthesis and antioxidants and caused oxidative stress via lipid peroxidation. The results showed that the synergistic or combined interactions between all three variables of the symbiotic relationship (Rhizobium-legume-AMF) boosted plant productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha Hussain
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, U.P, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Shahla Faizan
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, U.P, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Rinkee Kumari
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, U.P, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Ekta Pandey
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, U.P, Aligarh, 202002, India
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Jiang Y, Mo XY, Liu LT, Lai GZ, Qiu GW. Changes in the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Community in the Roots of Eucalyptus grandis Plantations at Different Ages in Southern Jiangxi, China. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:404. [PMID: 38921389 PMCID: PMC11204516 DOI: 10.3390/jof10060404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Eucalyptus roots form symbiotic relationships with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in soil to enhance adaptation in challenging environments. However, the evolution of the AM fungal community along a chronosequence of eucalypt plantations and its relationship with soil properties remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the tree growth, soil properties, and root AM fungal colonization of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden plantations at different ages, identified the AM fungal community composition by high-throughput sequencing, and developed a structural equation model among trees, soil, and AM fungi. Key findings include the following: (1) The total phosphorus (P) and total potassium (K) in the soil underwent an initial reduction followed by a rise with different stand ages. (2) The rate of AM colonization decreased first and then increased. (3) The composition of the AM fungal community changed significantly with different stand ages, but there was no significant change in diversity. (4) Paraglomus and Glomus were the dominant genera, accounting for 70.1% and 21.8% of the relative abundance, respectively. (5) The dominant genera were mainly influenced by soil P, the N content, and bulk density, but the main factors were different with stand ages. The results can provide a reference for fertilizer management and microbial formulation manufacture for eucalyptus plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Jiang
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.J.); (X.-Y.M.)
| | - Xiao-Yong Mo
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.J.); (X.-Y.M.)
| | - Li-Ting Liu
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330000, China;
| | - Guo-Zhen Lai
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330000, China;
| | - Guo-Wei Qiu
- Jinpenshan Forest Farm, Xinfeng 341600, China;
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Novello G, Bona E, Nasuelli M, Massa N, Sudiro C, Campana DC, Gorrasi S, Hochart ML, Altissimo A, Vuolo F, Gamalero E. The Impact of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria-Based Biostimulant Alone or in Combination with Commercial Inoculum on Tomato Native Rhizosphere Microbiota and Production: An Open-Field Trial. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:400. [PMID: 38927280 PMCID: PMC11200462 DOI: 10.3390/biology13060400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The agricultural sector is currently encountering significant challenges due to the effects of climate change, leading to negative consequences for crop productivity and global food security. In this context, traditional agricultural practices have been inadequate in addressing the fast-evolving challenges while maintaining environmental sustainability. A possible alternative to traditional agricultural management is represented by using beneficial micro-organisms that, once applied as bioinoculants, may enhance crop resilience and adaptability, thereby mitigating the adverse effects of environmental stressors and boosting productivity. Tomato is one of the most important crops worldwide, playing a central role in the human diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a nitrogen-fixing bacterial-based biostimulant (Azospirillum sp., Azotobacter sp., and Rhizobium sp.) in combination or not with a commercial inoculum Micomix (Rhizoglomus irregulare, Funnelliformis mosseae, Funnelliformis caledonium, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus mucilaginosus) (MYC) on the native rhizosphere communities and tomato production. Bacterial populations in the different samples were characterized using an environmental metabarcoding approach. The bioinocula effect on the native rhizosphere microbiota resulted in significant variation both in alpha and beta diversity and in a specific signature associated with the presence of biostimulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Novello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (G.N.); (N.M.); (D.C.C.); (E.G.)
| | - Elisa Bona
- Dipartimento per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile e la Transizione Ecologica (DISSTE), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 13100 Vercelli, Italy;
- Center on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Martina Nasuelli
- Dipartimento per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile e la Transizione Ecologica (DISSTE), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 13100 Vercelli, Italy;
| | - Nadia Massa
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (G.N.); (N.M.); (D.C.C.); (E.G.)
| | - Cristina Sudiro
- Landlab S.r.l., 36050 Quinto Vicentino, Italy; (C.S.); (M.L.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Daniela Cristina Campana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (G.N.); (N.M.); (D.C.C.); (E.G.)
| | - Susanna Gorrasi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy;
| | | | - Adriano Altissimo
- Landlab S.r.l., 36050 Quinto Vicentino, Italy; (C.S.); (M.L.H.); (A.A.)
| | | | - Elisa Gamalero
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica (DISIT), Università del Piemonte Orientale, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; (G.N.); (N.M.); (D.C.C.); (E.G.)
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Williams A, Sinanaj B, Hoysted GA. Plant-microbe interactions through a lens: tales from the mycorrhizosphere. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2024; 133:399-412. [PMID: 38085925 PMCID: PMC11006548 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The soil microbiome plays a pivotal role in maintaining ecological balance, supporting food production, preserving water quality and safeguarding human health. Understanding the intricate dynamics within the soil microbiome necessitates unravelling complex bacterial-fungal interactions (BFIs). BFIs occur in diverse habitats, such as the phyllosphere, rhizosphere and bulk soil, where they exert substantial influence on plant-microbe associations, nutrient cycling and overall ecosystem functions. In various symbiotic associations, fungi form mycorrhizal connections with plant roots, enhancing nutrient uptake through the root and mycorrhizal pathways. Concurrently, specific soil bacteria, including mycorrhiza helper bacteria, play a pivotal role in nutrient acquisition and promoting plant growth. Chemical communication and biofilm formation further shape plant-microbial interactions, affecting plant growth, disease resistance and nutrient acquisition processes. SCOPE Promoting synergistic interactions between mycorrhizal fungi and soil microbes holds immense potential for advancing ecological knowledge and conservation. However, despite the significant progress, gaps remain in our understanding of the evolutionary significance, perception, functional traits and ecological relevance of BFIs. Here we review recent findings obtained with respect to complex microbial communities - particularly in the mycorrhizosphere - and include the latest advances in the field, outlining their profound impacts on our understanding of ecosystem dynamics and plant physiology and function. CONCLUSIONS Deepening our understanding of plant BFIs can help assess their capabilities with regard to ecological and agricultural safe-guarding, in particular buffering soil stresses, and ensuring sustainable land management practices. Preserving and enhancing soil biodiversity emerge as critical imperatives in sustaining life on Earth amidst pressures of anthropogenic climate change. A holistic approach integrates scientific knowledge on bacteria and fungi, which includes their potential to foster resilient soil ecosystems for present and future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Williams
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Bioscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Besiana Sinanaj
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Bioscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Grace A Hoysted
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
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Ważny R, Jędrzejczyk RJ, Rozpądek P, Domka A, Tokarz KM, Janicka M, Turnau K. Bacteria Associated with Spores of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Improve the Effectiveness of Fungal Inocula for Red Raspberry Biotization. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2024; 87:50. [PMID: 38466433 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-024-02364-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Intensive crop production leads to the disruption of the symbiosis between plants and their associated microorganisms, resulting in suboptimal plant productivity and lower yield quality. Therefore, it is necessary to improve existing methods and explore modern, environmentally friendly approaches to crop production. One of these methods is biotization, which involves the inoculation of plants with appropriately selected symbiotic microorganisms which play a beneficial role in plant adaptation to the environment. In this study, we tested the possibility of using a multi-microorganismal inoculum composed of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and AMF spore-associated bacteria for biotization of the red raspberry. Bacteria were isolated from the spores of AMF, and their plant growth-promoting properties were tested. AMF inocula were supplemented with selected bacterial strains to investigate their effect on the growth and vitality of the raspberry. The investigations were carried out in the laboratory and on a semi-industrial scale in a polytunnel where commercial production of seedlings is carried out. In the semi-industrial experiment, we tested the growth parameters of plants and physiological response of the plant to temporary water shortage. We isolated over fifty strains of bacteria associated with spores of AMF. Only part of them showed plant growth-promoting properties, and six of these (belonging to the Paenibacillus genus) were used for the inoculum. AMF inoculation and co-inoculation of AMF and bacteria isolated from AMF spores improved plant growth and vitality in both experimental setups. Plant dry weight was improved by 70%, and selected chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (the contribution of light to primary photochemistry and fraction of reaction centre chlorophyll per chlorophyll of the antennae) were increased. The inoculum improved carbon assimilation, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration after temporary water shortage. Raspberry biotization with AMF and bacteria associated with spores has potential applications in horticulture where ecological methods based on plant microorganism interaction are in demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Ważny
- Małopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Roman J Jędrzejczyk
- Małopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Rozpądek
- Małopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Domka
- Małopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
- W. Szafer Institute of Botany Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, 31-512, Kraków, Poland
| | - Krzysztof M Tokarz
- Department of Botany, Physiology and Plant Protection, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Aleja Mickiewicza 21, 31-120, Kraków, Poland
| | - Martyna Janicka
- Department of Nanobiology and Biomaterials, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kozielska 4, 01-163, Warsaw, Poland
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Turnau
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
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10
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Schedenffeldt BF, Siqueira BBR, Oliva da Silva R, Monquero PA. Toxicity assessment of commercial herbicide formulations to Eisenia andrei (Bouché, 1972) in oxisols. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141118. [PMID: 38199501 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The use of long-residual herbicides can have adverse effects on terrestrial ecosystems. This study assessed the acute and chronic toxicity and avoidance behavior of Eisenia andrei earthworms exposed to nominal concentrations of clomazone, indaziflam, and sulfentrazone, using recommended commercial formulations for sugarcane cultivation. The formulations included Gamit® 360 CS (360 g L-1 of the active ingredient - a.i. - clomazone), Boral® 500 SC (500 g L-1 of a.i. sulfentrazone), and Alion® (500 g L-1 of a.i. indaziflam). Boral® 500 SC induced avoidance at concentrations as low as 1 mg kg-1, while Gamit® 360 CS and Alion® exhibited higher avoidance at 50-75 mg kg-1 and 75-100 mg a.i. kg-1, respectively. Reproduction tests showed significant impacts from Gamit® 360 CS (EC50: 0.572 mg kg-1, EC10: 0.2144 mg kg-1) and Boral® 500 SC (EC50: 0.3941 mg kg-1, EC10: 0.134 mg kg-1). Acute toxicity tests indicated moderate toxicity for Gamit® 360 CS (LC50: 184.12 mg kg-1) and Boral® 500 SC (LC50: 1000 mg kg-1). Gamit® 360 CS reduced biomass at all concentrations, while Boral® 500 SC influenced only at higher levels (500 and 1000 mg kg-1). Results suggest significant acute risks with Gamit® 360 CS, while chronic exposure raises concerns for both Gamit® 360 CS and Boral® 500 SC, indicating potential long-term risks. Alion®'s acute effects were inconclusive, but chronic exposure hints at a possible risk. These findings provide crucial insights for environmental agencies establishing protective limits against herbicide exposure to non-target soil invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Ferrari Schedenffeldt
- Graduate Program in Agriculture and Environment, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil.
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11
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Vassilev N, Mendes GDO. Soil Fungi in Sustainable Agriculture. Microorganisms 2024; 12:163. [PMID: 38257989 PMCID: PMC10819681 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that the continuously growing human population needs rapid solutions to respond to the increased global demand for high agricultural productivity [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Vassilev
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Granada, C/Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Granada, C/Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Gilberto de Oliveira Mendes
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Fitopatologia, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo 38500-000, Brazil;
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Hayek S, Marchal C, Huc S, Lapébie L, Abdulhak S, Van Es J, Barbreau V, Mouhamadou B, Binet MN. The Effects of Local Weed Species on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities in an Organic Winter Wheat ( Triticum durum L.) Field in Lebanon. Microorganisms 2023; 12:75. [PMID: 38257902 PMCID: PMC10819832 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
We examined the potential effects of weed species on the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in an organic winter wheat (Triticum durum) field in Lebanon. In this agroecosystem, the field and its surroundings were covered with spontaneous vegetation corresponding to local weeds. The coexistence between wheat and weeds did not modify AM fungal community diversity and colonization in T. durum but changed their composition. We evidenced 22 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) specifically shared between wheat associated with weeds (Tdw) and weeds, regardless of their localization and 12 OTUs with an abundance of variation between wheat without neighboring weeds (Td) and Tdw. The number of AM propagules and total C and N contents were higher in soil covered with wheat associated with weeds (TdWsoil) vs. wheat without neighboring weeds (Tdsoil). In greenhouse experiments, the shoot biomass and root mycorrhizal intensity of Medicago sativa, used as a trap plant, were higher using TdWsoil vs. Tdsoil as the inoculum. Positive correlations were observed between soil AM propagule numbers and M. sativa shoot biomass, on the one hand and M. sativa mycorrhizal intensity, on the other hand. Weeds seemed to exert significant effects on root AM fungal composition in T. durum and these effects may contribute to enhanced AMF development in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soukayna Hayek
- Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mosbeh, P.O. Box 72, Zouk Mikael 5425, Lebanon;
| | - Camille Marchal
- Laboratoire d’Écologie Alpine, CNRS UMR 5553, Université Grenoble Alpes, CS 40700, CEDEX 09, 38058 Grenoble, France; (C.M.); (M.-N.B.)
| | - Stéphanie Huc
- Conservatoire Botanique National Alpin, Domaine de Charance, 05000 Gap, France; (S.H.); (L.L.); (S.A.); (J.V.E.)
| | - Ludivine Lapébie
- Conservatoire Botanique National Alpin, Domaine de Charance, 05000 Gap, France; (S.H.); (L.L.); (S.A.); (J.V.E.)
| | - Sylvain Abdulhak
- Conservatoire Botanique National Alpin, Domaine de Charance, 05000 Gap, France; (S.H.); (L.L.); (S.A.); (J.V.E.)
| | - Jérémie Van Es
- Conservatoire Botanique National Alpin, Domaine de Charance, 05000 Gap, France; (S.H.); (L.L.); (S.A.); (J.V.E.)
| | - Viviane Barbreau
- Collège Henri Wallon, 17 Rue Henri Wallon, 38400 Saint Martin d’Hères, France;
| | - Bello Mouhamadou
- Laboratoire d’Écologie Alpine, CNRS UMR 5553, Université Grenoble Alpes, CS 40700, CEDEX 09, 38058 Grenoble, France; (C.M.); (M.-N.B.)
| | - Marie-Noëlle Binet
- Laboratoire d’Écologie Alpine, CNRS UMR 5553, Université Grenoble Alpes, CS 40700, CEDEX 09, 38058 Grenoble, France; (C.M.); (M.-N.B.)
- Maison de l’Université Esplanade Erasme, Université de Bourgogne, CEDEX BP27877, 21078 Dijon, France
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Wu YH, Qin Y, Cai QQ, Liu M, He DM, Chen X, Wang H, Yan ZY. Effect the accumulation of bioactive constituents of a medicinal plant (Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bge.) by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi community. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:597. [PMID: 38017446 PMCID: PMC10683245 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04608-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbiotic relationships with various terrestrial plants and have attracted considerable interest as biofertilizers for improving the quality and yield of medicinal plants. Despite the widespread distribution of AMFs in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge's roots, research on the impact of multiple AMFs on biomass and active ingredient accumulations has not been conducted. In this study, the effects of five native AMFs (Glomus formosanum, Septoglomus constrictum, Rhizophagus manihotis, Acaulospora laevis, and Ambispora gerdemannii) and twenty-six communities on the root biomass and active ingredient concentrations of S. miltiorrhiza were assessed using the total factor design method. RESULTS Thirty-one treatment groups formed symbiotic relationships with S. miltiorrhiza based on the pot culture results, and the colonization rate ranged from 54.83% to 89.97%. AMF communities had higher colonization rates and total phenolic acid concentration than single AMF, and communities also appeared to have higher root fresh weight, dry weight, and total phenolic acid concentration than single inoculations. As AMF richness increased, there was a rising trend in root biomass and total tanshinone accumulations (ATTS), while total phenolic acid accumulations (ATP) showed a decreasing trend. This suggests that plant productivity was influenced by the AMF richness, with higher inoculation benefits observed when the communities contained three or four AMFs. Additionally, the affinities of AMF members were also connected to plant productivity. The inoculation effect of closely related AMFs within the same family, such as G. formosanum, S. constrictum, and R. manihotis, consistently yielded lower than that of mono-inoculation when any combinations were applied. The co-inoculation of S. miltiorrhiza with nearby or distant AMFs from two families, such as G. formosanum, R. manihotis, and Ac. laevis or Am. gerdemannii resulted in an increase of ATP and ATTS by more than 50%. AMF communities appear to be more beneficial to the yield of bioactive constituents than the single AMF, but overall community inoculation effects are related to the composition of AMFs and the relationship between members. CONCLUSION This study reveals that the AMF community has great potential to improve the productivity and the accumulation of bioactive constituents in S. miltiorrhiza, indicating that it is an effective way to achieve sustainable agricultural development through using the AMF community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong-Mei He
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai Wang
- School of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zhu-Yun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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14
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Sportes A, Hériché M, Mounier A, Durney C, van Tuinen D, Trouvelot S, Wipf D, Courty PE. Comparative RNA sequencing-based transcriptome profiling of ten grapevine rootstocks: shared and specific sets of genes respond to mycorrhizal symbiosis. MYCORRHIZA 2023; 33:369-385. [PMID: 37561219 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-023-01119-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis improves water and nutrient uptake by plants and provides them other ecosystem services. Grapevine is one of the major crops in the world. Vitis vinifera scions generally are grafted onto a variety of rootstocks that confer different levels of resistance against different pests, tolerance to environmental stress, and influence the physiology of the scions. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are involved in the root architecture and in the immune response to soil-borne pathogens. However, the fine-tuned regulation and the transcriptomic plasticity of rootstocks in response to mycorrhization are still unknown. We compared the responses of 10 different grapevine rootstocks to arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis (AMS) formed with Rhizophagus irregularis DAOM197198 using RNA sequencing-based transcriptome profiling. We have highlighted a few shared regulation mechanisms, but also specific rootstock responses to R. irregularis colonization. A set of 353 genes was regulated by AMS in all ten rootstocks. We also compared the expression level of this set of genes to more than 2000 transcriptome profiles from various grapevine varieties and tissues to identify a class of transcripts related to mycorrhizal associations in these 10 rootstocks. Then, we compared the response of the 351 genes upregulated by mycorrhiza in grapevine to their Medicago truncatula homologs in response to mycorrhizal colonization based on available transcriptomic studies. More than 97% of the 351 M. truncatula-homologous grapevine genes were expressed in at least one mycorrhizal transcriptomic study, and 64% in every single RNAseq dataset. At the intra-specific level, we described, for the first time, shared and specific grapevine rootstock genes in response to R. irregularis symbiosis. At the inter-specific level, we defined a shared subset of mycorrhiza-responsive genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Sportes
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Mathilde Hériché
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Arnaud Mounier
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Célien Durney
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Diederik van Tuinen
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Sophie Trouvelot
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Daniel Wipf
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Pierre Emmanuel Courty
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
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Souza GG, Santos SC, Santos CC, Dias AS, Silverio JM, Trovato VW, Flauzino DS. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi promote the growth of Dipteryx alata Vogel. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e275172. [PMID: 37909590 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.275172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The symbiosis between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and fruit tree plants is a sustainable strategy for producing seedlings. However, information for Dipteryx alata Vogel., a native species, is still scarce. Thus, this study aimed to identify the most promising AMF inoculum for producing D. alata seedlings and their effects on growth. Seedlings were inoculated with Clareoideoglomus etunicatum, Gigaspora albida, Gigaspora margarita, a mixture of these three species, and an uninoculated control. Height, diameter, and chlorophyll index were evaluated at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 days after seedling transplanting, while biomass production, quality index, dependence, and mycorrhizal efficiency were evaluated at 180 days. Greater diameter and height values were observed for D. alata seedlings at 180 days and inoculated with G. albida, G. margarita, and the mixture. AMF of the genus Gigaspora positively contributed to biomass production and seedling quality. D. alata seedlings show high mycorrhizal dependence on G. albida and G. margarita inoculum, which had good mycorrhizal efficiency. AMF, especially those of the genus Gigaspora, favor the production of high-quality D. alata seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- G G Souza
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC, Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
| | - S C Santos
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados - UFGD, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Dourados, MS, Brasil
| | - C C Santos
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados - UFGD, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Dourados, MS, Brasil
| | - A S Dias
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados - UFGD, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Dourados, MS, Brasil
| | - J M Silverio
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados - UFGD, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Dourados, MS, Brasil
| | - V W Trovato
- Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados - UFGD, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Dourados, MS, Brasil
| | - D S Flauzino
- Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Rural - SENAR, Departamento de Hortifruti, Dourados, MS, Brasil
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16
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Yuan ML, Zhang MH, Shi ZY, Yang S, Zhang MG, Wang Z, Wu SW, Gao JK. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance active ingredients of medicinal plants: a quantitative analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1276918. [PMID: 37929165 PMCID: PMC10623335 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1276918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are invaluable resources for mankind and play a crucial role in combating diseases. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are widely recognized for enhancing the production of medicinal active ingredients in medicinal plants. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the quantitative effects of AMF on the accumulation of medicinal active ingredients. Here we conducted a comprehensive global analysis using 233 paired observations to investigate the impact of AMF inoculation on the accumulation of medicinal active ingredients. This study revealed that AMF inoculation significantly increased the contents of medicinal active ingredients by 27%, with a particularly notable enhancement observed in flavonoids (68%) and terpenoids (53%). Furthermore, the response of medicinal active ingredients in belowground organs (32%) to AMF was more pronounced than that in aboveground organs (18%). Notably, the AMF genus Rhizophagus exhibited the strongest effect in improving the contents of medicinal active ingredients, resulting in an increase of over 50% in both aboveground and belowground organs. Additionally, the promotion of medicinal active ingredients by AMF was attributed to improvements in physiological factors, such as chlorophyll, stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate. Collectively, this research substantially advanced our comprehension of the pivotal role of AMF in improving the medicinal active ingredients of plants and provided valuable insights into the potential mechanisms driving these enhancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Li Yuan
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
- School of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Engineering, Zhoukou Vocational and Technical College, Henan, China
| | - Meng-Han Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Rural Human Settlement, Luoyang, Henan, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Zhao-Yong Shi
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Rural Human Settlement, Luoyang, Henan, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Rural Human Settlement, Luoyang, Henan, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Meng-Ge Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Rural Human Settlement, Luoyang, Henan, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Rural Human Settlement, Luoyang, Henan, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Shan-Wei Wu
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Rural Human Settlement, Luoyang, Henan, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Jia-Kai Gao
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Rural Human Settlement, Luoyang, Henan, China
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Symbiotic Microorganism and Green Development, Luoyang, Henan, China
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Sadoine M, De Michele R, Župunski M, Grossmann G, Castro-Rodríguez V. Monitoring nutrients in plants with genetically encoded sensors: achievements and perspectives. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:195-216. [PMID: 37307576 PMCID: PMC10469547 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding mechanisms of nutrient allocation in organisms requires precise knowledge of the spatiotemporal dynamics of small molecules in vivo. Genetically encoded sensors are powerful tools for studying nutrient distribution and dynamics, as they enable minimally invasive monitoring of nutrient steady-state levels in situ. Numerous types of genetically encoded sensors for nutrients have been designed and applied in mammalian cells and fungi. However, to date, their application for visualizing changing nutrient levels in planta remains limited. Systematic sensor-based approaches could provide the quantitative, kinetic information on tissue-specific, cellular, and subcellular distributions and dynamics of nutrients in situ that is needed for the development of theoretical nutrient flux models that form the basis for future crop engineering. Here, we review various approaches that can be used to measure nutrients in planta with an overview over conventional techniques, as well as genetically encoded sensors currently available for nutrient monitoring, and discuss their strengths and limitations. We provide a list of currently available sensors and summarize approaches for their application at the level of cellular compartments and organelles. When used in combination with bioassays on intact organisms and precise, yet destructive analytical methods, the spatiotemporal resolution of sensors offers the prospect of a holistic understanding of nutrient flux in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Sadoine
- Institute of Cell and Interaction Biology, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Roberto De Michele
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council of Italy, Palermo 90129, Italy
| | - Milan Župunski
- Institute of Cell and Interaction Biology, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Guido Grossmann
- Institute of Cell and Interaction Biology, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Vanessa Castro-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
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Wahab A, Muhammad M, Munir A, Abdi G, Zaman W, Ayaz A, Khizar C, Reddy SPP. Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Regulating Growth, Enhancing Productivity, and Potentially Influencing Ecosystems under Abiotic and Biotic Stresses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3102. [PMID: 37687353 PMCID: PMC10489935 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbiotic relationships with the roots of nearly all land-dwelling plants, increasing growth and productivity, especially during abiotic stress. AMF improves plant development by improving nutrient acquisition, such as phosphorus, water, and mineral uptake. AMF improves plant tolerance and resilience to abiotic stressors such as drought, salt, and heavy metal toxicity. These benefits come from the arbuscular mycorrhizal interface, which lets fungal and plant partners exchange nutrients, signalling molecules, and protective chemical compounds. Plants' antioxidant defence systems, osmotic adjustment, and hormone regulation are also affected by AMF infestation. These responses promote plant performance, photosynthetic efficiency, and biomass production in abiotic stress conditions. As a result of its positive effects on soil structure, nutrient cycling, and carbon sequestration, AMF contributes to the maintenance of resilient ecosystems. The effects of AMFs on plant growth and ecological stability are species- and environment-specific. AMF's growth-regulating, productivity-enhancing role in abiotic stress alleviation under abiotic stress is reviewed. More research is needed to understand the molecular mechanisms that drive AMF-plant interactions and their responses to abiotic stresses. AMF triggers plants' morphological, physiological, and molecular responses to abiotic stress. Water and nutrient acquisition, plant development, and abiotic stress tolerance are improved by arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. In plants, AMF colonization modulates antioxidant defense mechanisms, osmotic adjustment, and hormonal regulation. These responses promote plant performance, photosynthetic efficiency, and biomass production in abiotic stress circumstances. AMF-mediated effects are also enhanced by essential oils (EOs), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and phosphorus (P). Understanding how AMF increases plant adaptation and reduces abiotic stress will help sustain agriculture, ecosystem management, and climate change mitigation. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have gained prominence in agriculture due to their multifaceted roles in promoting plant health and productivity. This review delves into how AMF influences plant growth and nutrient absorption, especially under challenging environmental conditions. We further explore the extent to which AMF bolsters plant resilience and growth during stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Wahab
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
| | - Murad Muhammad
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Asma Munir
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Gholamreza Abdi
- Department of Biotechnology, Persian Gulf Research Institute, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 75169, Iran;
| | - Wajid Zaman
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Asma Ayaz
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
| | - Chandni Khizar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of the Lahore, Lahore 51000, Pakistan;
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19
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Kaumbu JMK, Sene G, Stefani F, Khasa DP. Characterization of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community associated with rosewood in threatened Miombo forests. MYCORRHIZA 2023; 33:277-288. [PMID: 37368151 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-023-01115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in response to land use change is important for the restoration of degraded forests. Here, we investigated the AMF community composition in the roots of Pterocarpus tinctorius sampled from agricultural and forest fallow soils rich in aluminum and iron. By sequencing the large subunit region of the rRNA gene, we identified a total of 30 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in 33 root samples. These OTUs belonged to the genera Rhizophagus, Dominikia, Glomus, Sclerocystis, and Scutellospora. The majority of these OTUs did not closely match any known AMF species. We found that AMF species richness was significantly influenced by soil properties and overall tree density. Acidic soils with high levels of aluminum and iron had a low mean AMF species richness of 3.2. Indicator species analyses revealed several AMF OTUs associated with base saturation (4 OTUs), high aluminum (3 OTUs), and iron (2 OTUs). OTUs positively correlated with acidity (1 OTU), iron, and available phosphorus (2 OTUs) were assigned to the genus Rhizophagus, suggesting their tolerance to aluminum and iron. The results highlight the potential of leguminous trees in tropical dry forests as a reservoir of unknown AMF species. The baseline data obtained in this study opens new avenues for future studies, including the use of indigenous AMF-based biofertilizers to implement ecological revegetation strategies and improve land use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marc Kyalamakasa Kaumbu
- Ecology, Ecological Restoration and Landscape Research Unit, Agronomy Faculty, University of Lubumbashi, Route Kasapa, Campus Universitaire, Lubumbashi, BP 1825, Congo
- Centre d'Étude de La Forêt (CEF) and the Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, QC, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada
| | - Godar Sene
- Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie (LCM) IRD/ISRA/UCAD, Département de Biologie Végétale, Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar-Fann, BP 5005, Sénégal.
- Centre d'Étude de La Forêt (CEF) and the Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, QC, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada.
| | - Franck Stefani
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - Damase P Khasa
- Centre d'Étude de La Forêt (CEF) and the Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, QC, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada
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20
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Yadav A, Batra D, Kaushik P, Mohanta TK. Abundance and distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with oil-yielding plants. J Basic Microbiol 2023; 63:814-827. [PMID: 37010016 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Due to their role in nutrient transmission, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are widespread plant root symbionts. They may improve plant production by altering plant community structure and function. Therefore, a study was conducted in the state of Haryana to analyze the distribution pattern, diversity, and association of different AMF species with oil-yielding plants. The results of the study revealed the percentage of root colonization, sporulation, and diversity of fungal species associated with the selected 30 oil-yielding plants. The percentage root colonization ranged from 0% to 100%, the highest in Helianthus annuus (100.00 ± 0.00) and Zea mays (100.00 ± 0.00) and the least in Citrus aurantium (11.87 ± 1.43). At the same time, there was no root colonization in the Brassicaceae family. The number of AMF spores present in 50 g of soil samples varied from 17.41 ± 5.28 to 497.2 ± 8.38, with maximum spore population in Glycine max (497.2 ± 8.38) and minimum in Brassica napus (17.41 ± 5.28). Besides, the presence of several species of different genera of AMF was reported in all the studied oil-yielding plants, that is, 60 AMF belonging to six genera viz. Acaulospora, Entrophospora, Glomus, Gigaspora, Sclerocystis, and Scutellospora were observed. Overall, this study will promote AMF usage in oil-yielding plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpa Yadav
- Department of Botany, Indra Gandhi University, Meerpur, Rewari, India
| | - Divya Batra
- Department of Botany, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - Prashant Kaushik
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Tapan K Mohanta
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
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Noceto PA, Durney C, van Tuinen D, de Sousa J, Wipf D, Courty PE. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities differ in neighboring vineyards of different ages. MYCORRHIZA 2023; 33:241-248. [PMID: 37450046 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-023-01117-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are key organisms in viticultural ecosystems as they provide many ecosystem services to soils and plants. Data about AMF community dynamics over time are relatively scarce and at short time scales. Many factors such as the soil, climate, and agricultural practices could modify the dynamics and functions of microbial communities. However, the effects on microbial communities of plant phenology and changes in plant physiology over time largely have been overlooked. We analyzed the diversity of AMF in three geographically close vineyards with similar soil parameters for 2 years. The plots differed in grapevine age (11, 36, and 110 years), but had the same soil management practice (horse tillage). Diversity analyses revealed a difference in the composition of AMF communities between the soil and grapevine roots and among roots of grapevines of different ages. This underlines AMF adaptation to physiological changes in the host which can explain the development of different AMF communities. The dynamics of AMF communities can highlight their resilience to environmental changes and agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Antoine Noceto
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Célien Durney
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Diederik van Tuinen
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France
| | | | - Daniel Wipf
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Courty
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France.
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Wang S, Xie X, Che X, Lai W, Ren Y, Fan X, Hu W, Tang M, Chen H. Host- and virus-induced gene silencing of HOG1-MAPK cascade genes in Rhizophagus irregularis inhibit arbuscule development and reduce resistance of plants to drought stress. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:866-883. [PMID: 36609693 PMCID: PMC10037146 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can form beneficial associations with the most terrestrial vascular plant species. AM fungi not only facilitate plant nutrient acquisition but also enhance plant tolerance to various environmental stresses such as drought stress. However, the molecular mechanisms by which AM fungal mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades mediate the host adaptation to drought stimulus remains to be investigated. Recently, many studies have shown that virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) and host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) strategies are used for functional studies of AM fungi. Here, we identify the three HOG1 (High Osmolarity Glycerol 1)-MAPK cascade genes RiSte11, RiPbs2 and RiHog1 from Rhizophagus irregularis. The expression levels of the three HOG1-MAPK genes are significantly increased in mycorrhizal roots of the plant Astragalus sinicus under severe drought stress. RiHog1 protein was predominantly localized in the nucleus of yeast in response to 1 M sorbitol treatment, and RiPbs2 interacts with RiSte11 or RiHog1 directly by pull-down assay. Importantly, VIGS or HIGS of RiSte11, RiPbs2 or RiHog1 hampers arbuscule development and decreases relative water content in plants during AM symbiosis. Moreover, silencing of HOG1-MAPK cascade genes led to the decreased expression of drought-resistant genes (RiAQPs, RiTPSs, RiNTH1 and Ri14-3-3) in the AM fungal symbiont in response to drought stress. Taken together, this study demonstrates that VIGS or HIGS of AM fungal HOG1-MAPK cascade inhibits arbuscule development and expression of AM fungal drought-resistant genes under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xianan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xianrong Che
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenzhen Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ying Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoning Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wentao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ming Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Wang S, Ren Y, Han L, Nie Y, Zhang S, Xie X, Hu W, Chen H, Tang M. Insights on the Impact of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis on Eucalyptus grandis Tolerance to Drought Stress. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0438122. [PMID: 36927000 PMCID: PMC10100883 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04381-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought stress has a negative impact on plant growth and production. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, which establish symbioses with most terrestrial vascular plant species, play important roles in improving host plant mineral nutrient acquisition and resistance to drought. However, the physiological and molecular regulation mechanisms occurring in mycorrhizal Eucalyptus grandis coping with drought stress remain unclear. Here, we studied the physiological changes and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade gene expression profiles of E. grandis associated with AM fungi under drought stress. The results showed that colonization by AM fungi significantly enhanced plant growth, with higher plant biomass, shoot height, root length, and relative water content (RWC) under drought conditions. Mycorrhizal plants had lower levels of accumulation of proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2, and O2·- than seedlings not colonized with AM fungi. In addition, mycorrhizal E. grandis also had higher peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities under drought conditions, improving the antioxidant system response. Eighteen MAPK cascade genes were isolated from E. grandis, and the expression levels of the MAPK cascade genes were positively induced by symbiosis with AM fungi, which was correlated with changes in the proline, MDA, H2O2, and O2·- contents and POD, SOD, and CAT activities. In summary, our results showed that AM symbiosis enhances E. grandis drought tolerance by regulating plant antioxidation abilities and MAPK cascade gene expression. IMPORTANCE Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play an important role in improving plant growth and development under drought stress. The MAPK cascade may regulate many physiological and biochemical processes in plants in response to drought stress. Previous studies have shown that there is a complex regulatory network between the plant MAPK cascade and drought stress. However, the relationship between the E. grandis MAPK cascade and AM symbiosis in coping with drought remains to be investigated. Our results suggest that AM fungi could improve plant drought tolerance mainly by improving the antioxidant ability to protect plants from reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alleviate oxidative stress damage. The expression of the MAPK cascade genes was induced in mycorrhizal E. grandis seedlings under drought stress. This study revealed that MAPK cascade regulation is of special significance for improving the drought tolerance of E. grandis. This study provides a reference for improving mycorrhizal seedling cultivation under stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lina Han
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuying Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wentao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Boussageon R, van Tuinen D, Lapadatescu C, Trépanier M, Vermersch E, Wipf D, Courty PE. Effects of field inoculation of potato tubers with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis DAOM 197,198 are cultivar dependent. Symbiosis 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-023-00908-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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25
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A bacillaceae consortium positively impacts arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus colonisation, plant phosphate nutrition, and tuber yield in Solanum tuberosum cv. Jazzy. Symbiosis 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-023-00904-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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Wang Y, Xu Q, Shan H, Ni Y, Xu M, Xu Y, Cheng B, Li X. Genome-wide analysis of 14-3-3 gene family in four gramineae and its response to mycorrhizal symbiosis in maize. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1117879. [PMID: 36875617 PMCID: PMC9982033 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1117879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
14-3-3 proteins (regulatory protein family) are phosphate serine-binding proteins. A number of transcription factors and signaling proteins have been shown to bind to the 14-3-3 protein in plants, which plays a role in regulating their growth (seed dormancy, cell elongation and division, vegetative and reproduction growth and stress response (salt stress, drought stress, cold stress). Therefore, the 14-3-3 genes are crucial in controlling how plants respond to stress and develop. However, little is known about the function of 14-3-3 gene families in gramineae. In this study, 49 14-3-3 genes were identified from four gramineae, including maize, rice, sorghum and brachypodium, and their phylogeny, structure, collinearity and expression patterns of these genes were systematically analyzed. Genome synchronization analysis showed large-scale replication events of 14-3-3 genes in these gramineae plants. Moreover, gene expression revealed that the 14-3-3 genes respond to biotic and abiotic stresses differently in different tissues. Upon arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis, the expression level of 14-3-3 genes in maize significantly increased, suggesting the important role of 14-3-3 genes in maize-AM symbiosis. Our results provide a better understanding on the occurrence of 14-3-3 genes in Gramineae plants, and several important candidate genes were found for futher study on AMF symbiotic regulation in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Hanchen Shan
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Ni
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Minyan Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yunjian Xu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology and Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Beijiu Cheng
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Trinchera A, Warren Raffa D. Weeds: An Insidious Enemy or a Tool to Boost Mycorrhization in Cropping Systems? Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020334. [PMID: 36838299 PMCID: PMC9967897 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Weeds have always been considered an insidious enemy, capable of reducing crop production. Conversely, the agroecological vision attributes a key role to the spontaneous flora in promoting plant diversity and belowground interactions, which may improve the ecological performance of agroecosystems. We summarized the literature on the weeds' arbuscular-mycorrhizae (AM) interaction and we analyzed evidence on the: (i) AM suppressive/selective effect on weed communities; (ii) effect of weeds on AM colonization, and (iii) positive role of AM-supporting weeds on forming shared mycorrhizal hyphal connections in agroecosystems. While some authors conceptualized AM as a weed control tool, others underlined their selective effect on weed communities. Recent studies suggest that AM-host weeds can participate in the development of a common mycorrhizal mycelial network (MMN) among different plants species. Nevertheless, direct evidence of the actual exchange of nutrients and C between coexisting plants through MMN in agroecosystems is missing. Although the effect of agricultural practices on plant community-AM interactions are complex, more conservative farming management seems to foster AM populations. Future studies should focus on: (i) field studies, (ii) weed communities and their traits, rather than on the most abundant species, and (iii) the use of advanced analytical techniques, able to monitor MMN development and functionality.
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Liu Y, Cui W, Li W, Xu S, Sun Y, Xu G, Wang F. Effects of microplastics on cadmium accumulation by rice and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in cadmium-contaminated soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 442:130102. [PMID: 36206709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Both microplastics (MPs) and cadmium (Cd) are common contaminants in soil-rice systems, but their combined effects remain unknown. Thereby, we explored the effects of three MPs, i.e., polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polylactic acid (PLA), and polyester (PES), on Cd accumulation in rice and the community diversity and structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in soil spiked with or without Cd. Results showed that 2% PLA decreased shoot biomass (-28%), but PET had a weaker inhibitive effect. Overall, Cd alone did not significantly change shoot and root biomass and increased root biomass in combination with 0.2% PES. MPs generally increased soil Cd availability but decreased Cd accumulation in rice tissues. Both MPs and Cd improved the bioavailability and uptake of Fe and Mn in rice roots. MPs altered the diversity and community composition of AMF, depending on their type and dose and co-existing Cd. Overall, 2% PLA caused the most distinct changes in soil properties, plant growth and Cd accumulation, and AMF communities, but showed no synergistic interactions with Cd. In conclusion, MPs can mediate rice performance and Cd accumulation via altering soil properties, nutrient uptake, and root mycorrhizal communities, and biodegradable PLA MPs thought environment-friendly can exhibit higher phytotoxicity than conventional MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Liu
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266042, PR China
| | - Wenzhi Cui
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266042, PR China
| | - Wenguang Li
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266042, PR China
| | - Shuang Xu
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266042, PR China
| | - Yuhuan Sun
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266042, PR China
| | - Guangjian Xu
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266042, PR China
| | - Fayuan Wang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266042, PR China.
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Boosting Sustainable Agriculture by Arbuscular Mycorrhiza under Stress Condition: Mechanism and Future Prospective. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5275449. [PMID: 36619307 PMCID: PMC9815931 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5275449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Global agriculture is frequently subjected to stresses from increased salt content, drought, heavy metals, and other factors, which limit plant growth and production, deteriorate soil health, and constitute a severe danger to global food security. Development of environmentally acceptable mitigation techniques against stresses and restrictions on the use of chemical fertilizers in agricultural fields is essential. Therefore, eco-friendly practises must be kept to prevent the detrimental impacts of stress on agricultural regions. The advanced metabolic machinery needed to handle this issue is not now existent in plants to deal against the stresses. Research has shown that the key role and mechanisms of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) to enhance plant nutrient uptake, immobilisation and translocation of heavy metals, and plant growth-promoting attributes may be suitable agents for plant growth under diversed stressed condition. The successful symbiosis and the functional relationship between the plant and AMF may build the protective regulatory mechansm against the key challenge in particular stress. AMF's compatibility with hyperaccumulator plants has also been supported by studies on gene regulation and theoretical arguments. In order to address this account, the present review included reducing the impacts of biotic and abiotic stress through AMF, the mechanisms of AMF to improve the host plant's capacity to endure stress, and the strategies employed by AM fungus to support plant survival in stressful conditions.
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Kumari M, Swarupa P, Kesari KK, Kumar A. Microbial Inoculants as Plant Biostimulants: A Review on Risk Status. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:life13010012. [PMID: 36675961 PMCID: PMC9860928 DOI: 10.3390/life13010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Modern agriculture systems are copiously dependent on agrochemicals such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides intended to increase crop production and yield. The indiscriminate use of these chemicals not only affects the growth of plants due to the accumulation of toxic compounds, but also degrades the quality and life-supporting properties of soil. There is a dire need to develop some green approach that can resolve these issues and restore soil fertility and sustainability. The use of plant biostimulants has emerged as an environmentally friendly and acceptable method to increase crop productivity. Biostimulants contain biological substances which may be capable of increasing or stimulating plant growth in an eco-friendly manner. They are mostly biofertilizers that provide nutrients and protect plants from environmental stresses such as drought and salinity. In contrast to the protection of crop products, biostimulants not only act on the plant's vigor but also do not respond to direct actions against pests or diseases. Plant biostimulants improve nutrient mobilization and uptake, tolerance to stress, and thus crop quality when applied to plants directly or in the rhizospheric region. They foster plant growth and development by positively affecting the crop life-cycle starting from seed germination to plant maturity. Legalized application of biostimulants causes no hazardous effects on the environment and primarily provides nutrition to plants. It nurtures the growth of soil microorganisms, which leads to enhanced soil fertility and also improves plant metabolism. Additionally, it may positively influence the exogenous microbes and alter the equilibrium of the microfloral composition of the soil milieu. This review frequently cites the characterization of microbial plant biostimulants that belong to either a high-risk group or are closely related to human pathogens such as Pueudomonas, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Acinetobacter, etc. These related pathogens cause ailments including septicemia, gastroenteritis, wound infections, inflammation in the respiratory system, meningitis, etc., of varied severity under different conditions of health status such as immunocompromized and comorbidity. Thus it may attract the related concern to review the risk status of biostimulants for their legalized applications in agriculture. This study mainly emphasizes microbial plant biostimulants and their safe application concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menka Kumari
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand Cheri-Manatu, Kamre, Kanke, Rachi 835222, India
| | - Preeti Swarupa
- Department of Microbiology, Patna Women’s College, Patna 800001, India
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
- Correspondence: or (K.K.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand Cheri-Manatu, Kamre, Kanke, Rachi 835222, India
- Correspondence: or (K.K.K.); (A.K.)
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Giovannini L, Sbrana C, Giovannetti M, Avio L, Lanubile A, Marocco A, Turrini A. Diverse mycorrhizal maize inbred lines differentially modulate mycelial traits and the expression of plant and fungal phosphate transporters. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21279. [PMID: 36482115 PMCID: PMC9732053 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25834-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Food production is heavily dependent on soil phosphorus (P), a non-renewable mineral resource essential for plant growth and development. Alas, about 80% is unavailable for plant uptake. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi may promote soil P efficient use, although the mechanistic aspects are yet to be completely understood. In this study, plant and fungal variables involved in P acquisition were investigated in maize inbred lines, differing for mycorrhizal responsiveness and low-P tolerance, when inoculated with the symbiont Rhizoglomus irregulare (synonym Rhizophagus irregularis). The expression patterns of phosphate transporter (PT) genes in extraradical and intraradical mycelium (ERM/IRM) and in mycorrhizal and control maize roots were assessed, together with plant growth responses and ERM extent and structure. The diverse maize lines differed in plant and fungal accumulation patterns of PT transcripts, ERM phenotypic traits and plant performance. Mycorrhizal plants of the low-P tolerant maize line Mo17 displayed increased expression of roots and ERM PT genes, compared with the low-P susceptible line B73, which revealed larger ERM hyphal densities and interconnectedness. ERM structural traits showed significant correlations with plant/fungal expression levels of PT genes and mycorrhizal host benefit, suggesting that both structural and functional traits are differentially involved in the regulation of P foraging capacity in mycorrhizal networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Giovannini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristiana Sbrana
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council of Italy, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Manuela Giovannetti
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luciano Avio
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lanubile
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Adriano Marocco
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Alessandra Turrini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
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Community structure of AM fungal species of six host plant species on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Symbiosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-022-00884-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Wei X, Zhang W, Zulfiqar F, Zhang C, Chen J. Ericoid mycorrhizal fungi as biostimulants for improving propagation and production of ericaceous plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1027390. [PMID: 36466284 PMCID: PMC9709444 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1027390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The mutualistic relationship between mycorrhizal fungi and plant roots is a widespread terrestrial symbiosis. The symbiosis enables plants to better adapt to adverse soil conditions, enhances plant tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses, and improves plant establishment and growth. Thus, mycorrhizal fungi are considered biostimulants. Among the four most common types of mycorrhizae, arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and ectomycorrhiza (EcM) have been more intensively studied than ericoid mycorrhiza (ErM) and orchidaceous mycorrhiza (OrM). ErM fungi can form symbiotic relationships with plants in the family Ericaceae. Economically important plants in this family include blueberry, bilberry, cranberry, and rhododendron. ErM fungi are versatile as they are both saprotrophic and biotrophic. Increasing reports have shown that they can degrade soil organic matter, resulting in the bioavailability of nutrients for plants and microbes. ErM fungi can synthesize hormones to improve fungal establishment and plant root initiation and growth. ErM colonization enables plants to effective acquisition of mineral nutrients. Colonized plants are able to tolerate different abiotic stresses, including drought, heavy metals, and soil salinity as well as biotic stresses, such as pathogen infections. This article is intended to briefly introduce ErM fungi and document their beneficial effects on ericaceous plants. It is anticipated that the exploration of this special group of fungi will further improve our understanding of their value of symbiosis to ericaceous plants and ultimately result in the application of valuable species or strains for improving the establishment and growth of ericaceous plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangying Wei
- Fujian Key Laboratory on Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Marine Biodiversity, Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenbing Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory on Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Marine Biodiversity, Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Chunying Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Plant Innovation, Shanghai Botanical Garden, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, Department of Environmental Horticulture, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Apopka, FL, United States
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Raphael B, Nicolás M, Martina J, Daphnée B, Daniel W, Pierre-Emmanuel C. The fine-tuning of mycorrhizal pathway in sorghum depends on both nitrogen-phosphorus availability and the identity of the fungal partner. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:3354-3366. [PMID: 36030544 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sorghum is an important worldwide source of food, feed and fibres. Like most plants, it forms mutualistic symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), but the nutritional basis of mycorrhiza-responsiveness is largely unknown. Here, we investigated the transcriptional and physiological responses of sorghum to two different AMF species, Rhizophagus irregularis and Funneliformis mosseae, under 16 different conditions of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) supply. Our experiment reveals fine-scale differences between two AMF species in the nutritional interactions with sorghum plants. Physiological and gene expression patterns (ammonium transporters: AMT; phosphate transporters: PHT) indicate the existence of generalist or specialist mycorrhizal pathway. While R. irregularis switched on the mycorrhizal pathway independently of the plant nutritional status, F. mosseae influenced the mycorrhizal pathway depending on the N-to-P plant ratio and soil supply. The differences between both AMF species suggest some AMT and PHT as ideal candidates to develop markers for improving efficiency of nutrient acquisition in sorghum under P and N limitation, and for the selection of plant genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boussageon Raphael
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Marro Nicolás
- Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Janoušková Martina
- Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Brulé Daphnée
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Wipf Daniel
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Courty Pierre-Emmanuel
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
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Faggioli VS, Covacevich F, Grilli G, Lorenzon C, Aimetta B, Sagadin M, Langarica-Fuentes A, Cabello MN. Environmental response of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under soybean cultivation at a regional scale. MYCORRHIZA 2022; 32:425-438. [PMID: 36207539 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-022-01093-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Climate change, the shortage of fertilizers and reduced land for cultivation have drawn attention to the potential aid provided by soil-borne organisms. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) offer a wide range of ecosystem benefits and hence, understanding the mechanisms that control AMF occurrence and maintenance is essential for resilient crop production. We conducted a survey of 123 soybean fields located across a 75,000-km2 area of Argentina to explore AMF community composition and to quantify the impact of soil, climate, and geographical distance on these key soil organisms. First, based upon morphological identification of spores, we compiled a list of the AMF species found in the studied area and identified Acaulospora scrobiculata and Glomus fuegianum as the most frequent species. G. fuegianum abundance was negatively correlated with precipitation seasonality and positively correlated with mean annual precipitation as well as mycorrhizal colonisation of soybean roots. Second, we observed that species richness was negatively correlated with soil P availability (Bray I), clay content and mean annual precipitation. Finally, based on partitioning variation analysis, we found that AMF exhibited spatial patterning at a broad scale. Therefore, we infer that geographical distance was positively associated with spore community composition heterogeneity across the region. Nevertheless, we highlight the importance of precipitation sensitivity of frequent species, overall AMF richness and community composition, revealing a crucial challenge to forthcoming agriculture considering an expected change in global climate patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Soledad Faggioli
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, EEA Marcos Juárez, Ruta 12 km 36, 2580, Marcos Juárez, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Fernanda Covacevich
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad Y Biotecnología (CONICET)-Fundación Para Las Investigaciones Biológicas Aplicadas, Ruta 226 km 73.5, 7620, Balcarce, Argentina
| | - Gabriel Grilli
- FCEFyN (CONICET, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Vélez Sarsfield 1611, CC 495, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Claudio Lorenzon
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, EEA Marcos Juárez, Ruta 12 km 36, 2580, Marcos Juárez, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Bethania Aimetta
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, EEA Marcos Juárez, Ruta 12 km 36, 2580, Marcos Juárez, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Monica Sagadin
- Centro de Investigación Agropecuaria (CIAP), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Fisiología Y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales (IFRGV), CONICET, Camino 60 Cuadras km, 51/2 C.P. 5119, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Adrián Langarica-Fuentes
- Department of Geosciences, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 94-96, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marta Noemí Cabello
- Instituto Spegazzini (Facultad de Ciencias Naturales Y Museo, UNLP), Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de La Prov. de Buenos Aires (CICPBA), Av 53 # 477, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
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Ablimit R, Li W, Zhang J, Gao H, Zhao Y, Cheng M, Meng X, An L, Chen Y. Altering microbial community for improving soil properties and agricultural sustainability during a 10-year maize-green manure intercropping in Northwest China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 321:115859. [PMID: 35985268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Maize is a crop that is cultivated worldwide. The Hexi Oasis is one of the most important areas for high-yield maize seed production in China. Green manure, a plant fertilizer, has great potential for increasing crop yield and agricultural sustainability. However, the role of microorganisms in soil health and the microbiological mechanism of green manure in improving soil fertility and crop production in the Hexi Oasis area remain unknown. The effects of maize-green manure intercropping on the soil microbial community structure and diversity and the mechanism of soil improvement were investigated in a 10-year field experiment. The study revealed that microbial phylotypes were grouped into four major ecological clusters. Module #2 is a soil core ecological cluster enriched with many plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The application of green manure led to significantly increased soil pH, nutrient contents, and enzyme activities, and significantly reduced the relative abundance of potential plant pathogens compared with monocropping, which should ensure high and stable maize yield under long-term continuous cropping. It also increased the economic benefits by 56.39% compared with monocropping, owing to the additional products produced by the green manure. These improvements were associated with changes in the microbial community structure and activity, consistent with the structural equation model results. Therefore, soil microorganisms are the key drivers of the potential benefits of maize-green manure on agricultural sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxangul Ablimit
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China; The Key Laboratory of Cell Activity and Adversity Adaptation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Weikun Li
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China; The Key Laboratory of Cell Activity and Adversity Adaptation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jiudong Zhang
- Institute of Soil, Fertilizer, and Water Saving Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, China
| | - Haining Gao
- Key Laboratory of the Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization of Gansu, Zhangye, 734000, China
| | - Yiming Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | | | - Xueqin Meng
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Lizhe An
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Yong Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China; The Key Laboratory of Cell Activity and Adversity Adaptation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Paré L, Banchini C, Hamel C, Bernier L, Stefani F. A simple and low-cost technique to initiate single-spore cultures of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi using a superabsorbent polymer. Symbiosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-022-00878-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMost species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are propagated with a host plant in a pot culture. However, the soil matrix makes it difficult to monitor the establishment and development of the symbiosis. In vitro culturing using Ri T-DNA transformed roots provides a clear medium and a sterile environment which offsets the constraints of the soil matrix. Nevertheless, the sterile conditions and the Ri T-DNA transformed roots provide very different growing conditions compared to a pot culture. Transparent soil based on superabsorbent polymer (SAP) has the potential of combining the advantages of current in vivo and in vitro culture methods without the constraints associated with either technique (opacity and sterility). Here we describe a SAP-based autotrophic culture as an alternative to current in vivo and in vitro culture methods. This system using two-compartment Petri dishes makes it easy to initiate single-spore cultures and to monitor fungal propagation. The SAP-based autotrophic system allowed the establishment of single-spore cultures of seven species (Diversispora varaderana, Funneliformis geosporus, Gigaspora rosea, Racocetra fulgida, Rhizophagus irregularis, R. intraradices and Sclerocystis sp.) from six genera and three families. Cultures were maintained over several months under non-sterile conditions. The Petri dishes avoid the problem of cross contamination and they can be stacked for space optimization. The grains of SAP colonized with new spores were used as inoculum to initiate new cultures in the SAP-based system. The SAP-based autotrophic culture method is a low-cost and low-tech approach, which makes the study of AMF much more accessible.
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The Microbially Extended Phenotype of Plants, a Keystone against Abiotic Stress. THE EUROBIOTECH JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/ebtj-2022-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Climate change affects every region across the globe with heterogeneous effects on local temperatures and precipitation patterns. In plants, sessile organisms, climate change imposes more drastic effects leading to loss of yield or even death. However, plants establish mutualistic interactions with microorganisms that boost plant tolerance against abiotic stresses or strengthen the plant immune system against pathogens, thus, enhancing their survival and fitness. Moreover, in the wild, microbial endophytes provide important ecosystem services.
Purpose and scope: Little we know about the mechanisms of response against the adverse effects of climate change on natural populations of wild plants and even less about the potential role played by microbial biostimulants. In this article, we review the effects of biostimulants on plant responses against abiotic stresses, with a particular focus on the role of mycorrhizas and leaf endophytes.
Results: We have reviewed the effects of the main abiotic stresses in plants, the mechanisms that plants use to face these abiotic challenges, and the interaction plant-biostimulant-abiotic stress, highlighting the primary responses and parameters to evaluate different plant responses.
Conclusion: Abiotic stresses can check the phenotypic plasticity of plants and also trigger a complex and heterogeneous array of responses to face different abiotic stresses, and beneficial microorganisms do play an essential role in enhancing such responses. Our laboratory has initiated a project to characterise microbial populations associated with plants from wild areas and analyse their potential role in aiding the plants to cope with abiotic stresses.
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Management of chromium(VI)-contaminated soils through synergistic application of vermicompost, chromate reducing rhizobacteria and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) reduced plant toxicity and improved yield attributes in Ocimum basilicum L. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:614. [PMID: 36088522 PMCID: PMC9464057 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03230-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
An integrated approach involving vermicompost, chromate reducing bacteria and AMF was tested to manage the toxic impacts of Cr(VI) on Ocimum basilicum as a model plant. Pot experiments were conducted on O. basilicum plants in an artificially Cr(VI)-contaminated soil in two phases of experiment as bioinoculants experiment and vermicompost experiment. In the first phase of the bioinoculants experiment the series of gradient concentrations of Cr(VI) (0, 25, 50 and 100 mg kg–1 in soil) were evaluated with previously isolated four efficient Cr(VI)-reducing rhizo-bacterial strains (Bacillus Cereus strain SUCR 44, BC; Microbacterium sp. strain SUCR 140, MB; Bacillus thuringiensis strain SUCR186, BT; and Bacillus subtilis strain SUCR188; BS) along with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus—Glomus fasciculatum (GF) in alone and in co-inoculation form. In the second experiment (vermicompost) the best performing strain (MB) was tested alone or in combination with GF along with different doses of vermicompost. It was observed that vermicompost by itself could be useful in decreasing the bioavailable Cr(VI), uptake of Cr besides improving the nutritional status of plants. The vermicompost also played an important and indirect role and improved herb yield by supporting the multiplication of MB (Microbacterium sp.), an efficient chromate reducing rhizobacteria, that further decreased the bioavailable and toxic form of Cr and improved population and colonization of GF too. The translocation of Cr(VI) was averted through improved colonization of GF, also prevented higher accumulation of Cr in aerial parts (leafy herb) of O. basilicum.
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Trinchera A, Migliore M, Warren Raffa D, Ommeslag S, Debode J, Shanmugam S, Dane S, Babry J, Kivijarvi P, Kristensen HL, Lepse L, Salo T, Campanelli G, Willekens K. Can multi-cropping affect soil microbial stoichiometry and functional diversity, decreasing potential soil-borne pathogens? A study on European organic vegetable cropping systems. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:952910. [PMID: 36237499 PMCID: PMC9552534 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.952910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Crop diversification in spatial and temporal patterns can optimize the synchronization of nutrients plant demand and availability in soils, as plant diversity and soil microbial communities are the main drivers of biogeochemical C and nutrient cycling. The introduction of multi-cropping in organic vegetable production can represent a key strategy to ensure efficient complementation mediated by soil microbiota, including beneficial mycorrhizal fungi. This study shows the effect of the introduction of multi-cropping in five European organic vegetable systems (South-West: Italy; North-West: Denmark and Belgium; North-East: Finland and Latvia) on: (i) soil physicochemical parameters; (ii) soil microbial biomass stoichiometry; (iii) crop root mycorrhization; (iv) bacterial and fungal diversity and composition in crop rhizosphere; (v) relative abundance of selected fungal pathogens species. In each site, three cropping systems were considered: (1) crop 1-monocropping; (2) crop 2-monocropping; (3) crop 1-crop 2-intercropping or strip cropping. Results showed that, just before harvest, multi-cropping can increase soil microbial biomass amount and shape microbial community toward a predominance of some bacteria or fungi phyla, in the function of soil nutrient availability. We mainly observed a selection effect of crop type on rhizosphere microbiota. Particularly, Bacteroidetes and Mortierellomycota relative abundances in rhizosphere soil resulted in suitable ecological indicators of the positive effect of plant diversity in field, the first ones attesting an improved C and P cycles in soil and the second ones a reduced soil pathogens' pressure. Plant diversity also increased the root mycorrhizal colonization between the intercropped crops that, when properly selected, can also reduce the relative abundance of potential soil-borne pathogens, with a positive effect on crop productivity in long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Trinchera
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Rome, Italy
| | - Melania Migliore
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Rome, Italy
| | - Dylan Warren Raffa
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Rome, Italy
| | - Sarah Ommeslag
- Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Jane Debode
- Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Merelbeke, Belgium
| | | | - Sandra Dane
- Latvian Institute of Horticulture, LatHort, Dobeles Novads, Latvia
| | | | - Pirjo Kivijarvi
- LUKE (FI) Natural Resources Institute Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Liga Lepse
- Latvian Institute of Horticulture, LatHort, Dobeles Novads, Latvia
| | - Tapio Salo
- LUKE (FI) Natural Resources Institute Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gabriele Campanelli
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Monsampolo del Tronto, Italy
| | - Koen Willekens
- Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Merelbeke, Belgium
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Drinkwater LE, Snapp SS. Advancing the science and practice of ecological nutrient management for smallholder farmers. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.921216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil degradation is widespread in smallholder agrarian communities across the globe where limited resource farmers struggle to overcome poverty and malnutrition. This review lays out the scientific basis and practical management options for an ecologically based approach to sustainably managing soil fertility, with particular attention to smallholder subsistence systems. We seek to change the trajectory of development programs that continue to promote inorganic fertilizers and other high input strategies to resource constrained smallholders, despite ample evidence that this approach is falling short of food security goals and contributing to resource degradation. Ecological nutrient management (ENM) is an agroecological approach to managing the biogeochemical cycles that govern soil ecosystem services and soil fertility. The portfolio of ENM strategies extends beyond reliance on inorganic fertilizers and is guided by the following five principles: (1) Build soil organic matter and other nutrient reserves. (2) Minimize the size of N and P pools that are the most susceptible to loss. (3) Maximize agroecosystem capacity to use soluble, inorganic N and P. (4) Use functional and phylogenetic biodiversity to minimize bare fallows and maximize presence of growing plants. (5) Construct agroecosystem and field scale mass balances to track net nutrient flows over multiple growing seasons. Strategic increases in spatial and temporal plant species diversity is a core ENM tactic that expands agroecosystem multifunctionality to meet smallholder priorities beyond soil restoration and crop yields. Examples of ENM practices include the use of functionally designed polycultures, diversified rotations, reduced fallow periods, increased reliance on legumes, integrated crop-livestock production, and use of variety of soil amendments. These practices foster soil organic matter accrual and restoration of soil function, both of which underpin agroecosystem resilience. When ENM is first implemented, short-term yield outcomes are variable; however, over the long-term, management systems that employ ENM can increase yields, yield stability, profitability and food security. ENM rests on a solid foundation of ecosystem and biogeochemical science, and despite the many barriers imposed by current agricultural policies, successful ENM systems are being promoted by some development actors and used by smallholder farmers, with promising results.
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Austen N, Tille S, Berdeni D, Firbank LG, Lappage M, Nelson M, Helgason T, Marshall-Harries E, Hughes HB, Summers R, Cameron DD, Leake JR. Experimental evaluation of biological regeneration of arable soil: The effects of grass-clover leys and arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculants on wheat growth, yield, and shoot pathology. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:955985. [PMID: 36092419 PMCID: PMC9450525 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.955985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wheat yields have plateaued in the UK over the last 25 years, during which time most arable land has been annually cropped continuously with short rotations dominated by cereals. Arable intensification has depleted soil organic matter and biology, including mycorrhizas, which are affected by tillage, herbicides, and crop genotype. Here, we test whether winter wheat yields, mycorrhization, and shoot health can be improved simply by adopting less intensive tillage and adding commercial mycorrhizal inoculum to long-term arable fields, or if 3-year grass-clover leys followed direct drilling is more effective for biological regeneration of soil with reduced N fertiliser. We report a trial of mycorrhization, ear pathology, and yield performance of the parents and four double haploid lines from the Avalon x Cadenza winter wheat population in a long-term arable field that is divided into replicated treatment plots. These plots comprised wheat lines grown using ploughing or disc cultivation for 3 years, half of which received annual additions of commercial arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) inoculum, compared to 3-year mown grass-clover ley plots treated with glyphosate and direct-drilled. All plots annually received 35 kg of N ha-1 fertiliser without fungicides. The wheat lines did not differ in mycorrhization, which averaged only 34% and 40% of root length colonised (RLC) in the ploughed and disc-cultivated plots, respectively, and decreased with inoculation. In the ley, RLC increased to 52%. Two wheat lines were very susceptible to a sooty ear mould, which was lowest in the ley, and highest with disc cultivation. AM inoculation reduced ear infections by >50% in the susceptible lines. In the ley, yields ranged from 7.2 to 8.3 t ha-1, achieving 92 to 106% of UK average wheat yield in 2018 (7.8 t ha-1) but using only 25% of average N fertiliser. Yields with ploughing and disc cultivation averaged only 3.9 and 3.4 t ha-1, respectively, with AM inoculum reducing yields from 4.3 to 3.5 t ha-1 in ploughed plots, with no effect of disc cultivation. The findings reveal multiple benefits of reintegrating legume-rich leys into arable rotations as part of a strategy to regenerate soil quality and wheat crop health, reduce dependence on nitrogen fertilisers, enhance mycorrhization, and achieve good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichola Austen
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Stefanie Tille
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Despina Berdeni
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Martin Lappage
- School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Michaela Nelson
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ewan Marshall-Harries
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - H. Bleddyn Hughes
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Duncan D. Cameron
- The Institute for Sustainable Food at the University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan R. Leake
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Sweeney CJ, Bottoms M, Ellis S, Ernst G, Kimmel S, Loutseti S, Schimera A, Carniel LSC, Sharples A, Staab F, Marx MT. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and the Need for a Meaningful Regulatory Plant Protection Product Testing Strategy. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:1808-1823. [PMID: 35678214 PMCID: PMC9543394 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) perform key soil ecosystem services and, because of their symbiotic relationship with plant roots, may be exposed to the plant protection products (PPPs) applied to soils and crops. In 2017, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) released a scientific opinion addressing the state of the science on risk assessment of PPPs for in-soil organisms, recommending the inclusion of AMF ecotoxicological testing in the PPP regulatory process. However, it is not clear how this can be implemented in a tiered, robust, and ecologically relevant manner. Through a critical review of current literature, we examine the recommendations made within the EFSA report and the methodologies available to integrate AMF into the PPP risk assessment and provide perspective and commentary on their agronomic and ecological relevance. We conclude that considerable research questions remain to be addressed prior to the inclusion of AMF into the in-soil organism risk assessment, many of which stem from the unique challenges associated with including an obligate symbiont within the PPP risk assessment. Finally, we highlight critical knowledge gaps and the further research required to enable development of relevant, reliable, and robust scientific tests alongside pragmatic and scientifically sound guidance to ensure that any future risk-assessment paradigm is adequately protective of the ecosystem services it aims to preserve. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1808-1823. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melanie Bottoms
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre BracknellBracknellBerkshireUK
| | - Sian Ellis
- Corteva AgriscienceAbingdonOxfordshireUK
| | | | | | - Stefania Loutseti
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre BracknellBracknellBerkshireUK
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Felföldi Z, Vidican R, Stoian V, Roman IA, Sestras AF, Rusu T, Sestras RE. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Fertilization Influence Yield, Growth and Root Colonization of Different Tomato Genotype. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11131743. [PMID: 35807693 PMCID: PMC9269228 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are beneficial for plant development and help absorb water and minerals from the soil. The symbiosis between these fungi and plant roots is extremely important and could limit crop dependence on fertilizers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of AMF on tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.), based on important agronomic traits of vegetative biomass, production, and fruits. The experiment was conducted in high tunnels, using 12 tomato genotypes under three different treatments: T1, control, without fertilizer and mycorrhizae colonization; T2, fertigation, without mycorrhizae colonization; and T3, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), seedling roots being inoculated with specialized soil-borne fungi. Plant growth, yield and fruit parameters indicated better results under mycorrhizal treatment. Root colonization with fungi varied significantly depending on the treatment and genotype, with a variation of 6.0-80.3% for frequency and 2.6-24.6% for intensity. For a majority of characteristics, the mycorrhization (T3) induced significant differences compared with the T1 and T2 treatments. In addition, AMF treatment induced a different response among the genotypes. Among the elements analyzed in the soil, significant differences were observed in phosphorous levels between planting the seedlings and after tomato harvesting and clearing of the plants. The results suggest that reducing fertilizers and promoting the symbiotic relationships of plants with soil microorganisms may have beneficial consequences for tomato crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Felföldi
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 3–5 Manastur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (Z.F.); (R.E.S.)
- Private Research Station Agrosel, 268 Laminoriștilor St., 400500 Câmpia Turzii, Romania
| | - Roxana Vidican
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 3–5 Manastur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.V.); (V.S.)
| | - Vlad Stoian
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 3–5 Manastur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.V.); (V.S.)
| | - Ioana A. Roman
- Department of Transversal Competences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3–5 Manastur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Adriana F. Sestras
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 3–5 Manastur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (Z.F.); (R.E.S.)
| | - Teodor Rusu
- Department of Technical and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 3–5 Manastur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Radu E. Sestras
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 3–5 Manastur St., 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (Z.F.); (R.E.S.)
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45
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Chandrasekaran M. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Mediated Enhanced Biomass, Root Morphological Traits and Nutrient Uptake under Drought Stress: A Meta-Analysis. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8070660. [PMID: 35887417 PMCID: PMC9323047 DOI: 10.3390/jof8070660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought stress remains the major constraint in affecting crop productivity in several arid and semi-arid areas highlighting climate change perspectives. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) belong to a versatile class of plant−fungal symbiotic associations establishing drought stress alleviation. Nevertheless, the mechanistic mode of sustainable agriculture necessitates rigorous assessment for authentic and reproducible plant growth parameters. Understanding the plant growth promotion, root morphological changes, and nutrient uptake response in AMF-inoculated plants to drought is very important for sustainable agriculture. Therefore, conducted a meta-analysis of published research articles for determining the efficacy of AMF in alleviating drought stress. Overall analysis showed that AM inoculated plants had 49% higher plant growth promotion than the non-mycorrhizal plants under drought stress. Biomass analysis depicted the root dry weight increase by 49%, shoot dry weight increase by 54%, and total dry weight increase by 58% indicating plant biomass traits augmentation. Root morphological traits analysis corresponded to increased root length (37%), root surface (31%), and root volume (65%). Notably, nutrient uptake assessment showed variable increases in uptake patterns such as P uptake by 86%, N uptake by 35%, and K uptake by 46%. Furthermore, the prominent efficacy of AMF was significantly larger under drought for P uptake (p < 0.001) and root volume (p < 0.001) indicating the linear relationship between root length and P uptake. Thus, the present meta-analysis confirms that drought stress alleviation emancipated by AMF is mediated by root traits modification and phosphorous acquisition efficacy. Hence, meta-analyses along with experimental validations with field trial evaluations will certainly provide the AMF research for escalated applications for better plant productivity, stress alleviation, and sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugesan Chandrasekaran
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209-Neundong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea
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Weng W, Yan J, Zhou M, Yao X, Gao A, Ma C, Cheng J, Ruan J. Roles of Arbuscular mycorrhizal Fungi as a Biocontrol Agent in the Control of Plant Diseases. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071266. [PMID: 35888985 PMCID: PMC9317293 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Arbuscularmycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are a class of beneficial microorganisms that are widely distributed in soil ecosystems and can form symbionts with 80% of terrestrial higher plants, and improve the nutritional status of plants. The use of AMF as a biocontrol method to antagonize soil-borne pathogens has received increasing interest from phytopathologists and ecologists. In this paper, the mechanisms of resistance to diseases induced by AMF and the application of AMF to plant fungal, bacterial, and nematode diseases have been summarized. This study aimed to enhance the potential use of AMF as a biological control method to prevent plant diseases in the future. Root morphological alteration characteristics were explained, including the influence of AMF on root structure, function, and the regulation of AMF via secondary metabolites. AMF can improve the rhizosphere environment by influencing the physical and chemical proprieties of soil, enhancing the growth of other beneficial microorganisms, and by competing with pathogenic microorganisms. Two microorganism types may compete for the same invasive sites in root systems and regulate nutrition distribution. AMF can induce the host plant to form defense systems, including improving phytohormone concentrations, inducing signal substrate production, gene expression regulation, and enhancing protein production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Weng
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (W.W.); (X.Y.); (A.G.); (C.M.); (J.C.)
| | - Jun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing in Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Schools of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China;
| | - Meiliang Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Xin Yao
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (W.W.); (X.Y.); (A.G.); (C.M.); (J.C.)
| | - Aning Gao
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (W.W.); (X.Y.); (A.G.); (C.M.); (J.C.)
| | - Chao Ma
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (W.W.); (X.Y.); (A.G.); (C.M.); (J.C.)
| | - Jianping Cheng
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (W.W.); (X.Y.); (A.G.); (C.M.); (J.C.)
| | - Jingjun Ruan
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (W.W.); (X.Y.); (A.G.); (C.M.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-8510-8830-5238
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Abdul-Qader ZM, Rabie KM, Husni HS. Efficacy of Bio-fertilizer and Chemical Fertilization on Flavonoids Distribution in Different Plant Parts of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni.). BIONATURA 2022. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2022.07.02.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effect of the biological and chemical fertilizers on the content of the flavonoid compounds distributed within the different plant parts (leaves, stems, branches, and roots) of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni.) grown in Iraq. The results showed that the treatments of the biological fertilizers, including Mycorrhiza (C2) achieved the highest content of the most flavonoids in different parts of the plant. The treatment C2 recorded a rise of the flavonoid compounds Naringin, Naringenin and Luteolin 7-glucose in the leaves, Naringin, Rutin, and Acacetin7-neorutinoside in the stems and branches, and Apiening6-rhamnose8- glucose, Apigenin7-o neohespiroside, Kampferol3-7dirmmoside, Quercetrin, Narengenin, Acacetin7-neorutinoside, Kampferol, and Luteolin 7-glucose in the roots. On the other hand, treatment C1 recorded the highest content of Quercetin in the leaves, Quercetrin3-O glucose in the stems and branches, and Quercetrin3-O glucose, Naringenin, and Acacetin7-neorutinoside in the leaves .
Keywords. Flavonoid, Stevia, Mycorrhiza and chemical Fertilization
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziena M. Abdul-Qader
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Unit, ,College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad. Iraq
| | - Kareem M. Rabie
- Department of Horticulture and land scape design, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences,University of Baghdad
| | - Huda S. Husni
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Baghdad college of Medicinal sciences
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Sustainable Innovations: A Qualitative Study on Farmers’ Perceptions Driving the Diffusion of Beneficial Soil Microbes in Germany and the UK. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14105749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Legislation and consumer preference for more sustainability in the food system require farmers to adopt more stringent sustainably measures without sacrificing business profitability. Scientific and technological innovations, such as beneficial soil microbes for in-field application, may help to achieve this goal, but adoption rates have remained slow thus far. The adopter’s perspective is essential to understanding why. This research investigates factors that drive the perceptions of soil microbe solutions across three groups of (potential) adopters as an input to the design of effective communication strategies to accelerate technology diffusion. Factors included in the analyses are relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, observability and image of applying soil microbes at the farm level. The analysis is based on 28 in-depth qualitative interviews in Germany and the UK, and a focus group discussion in the UK. Data were analysed via content analysis using deductive and inductive processes. Deductive codes were derived from the diffusion of innovations theory. Our results show that soil microbes are still perceived as a challenging product in all three adopter groups, despite the acknowledgement of several advantages and benefits. Predominantly, farmers evaluate the innovation as complex. Furthermore, the observability of the soil microbes was perceived as challenging, which also transfers to the trialability of the innovation. Despite this, in all adopter groups the need for the innovation was recognized.
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Begum N, Wang L, Ahmad H, Akhtar K, Roy R, Khan MI, Zhao T. Co-inoculation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and the Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Improve Growth and Photosynthesis in Tobacco Under Drought Stress by Up-Regulating Antioxidant and Mineral Nutrition Metabolism. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2022; 83:971-988. [PMID: 34309697 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01815-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is a major environmental concern that limits crop growth on a large scale around the world. Significant efforts are required to overcome this issue in order to improve crop production. Therefore, the exciting role of beneficial microorganisms under stress conditions needs to be deeply explored. In this study, the role of two biotic entities, i.e., Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF, Glomus versiforme) and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR, Bacillus methylotrophicus) inoculation in drought tolerance of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), was investigated. The present results showed that drought stress considerably reduced tobacco plant's growth and their physiological attributes. However, the plants co-inoculated with AMF and PGPR showed higher drought tolerance by bringing up significant improvement in the growth and biomass of tobacco plants. Moreover, the co-inoculation of AMF and PGPR considerably increased chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophylls, carotenoids, photosynthesis, and PSII efficiency by 96.99%, 76.90%, and 67.96% and 56.88%, 53.22%, and 33.43% under drought stress conditions, respectively. Furthermore, it was observed that drought stress enhanced lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage. However, the co-inoculation of AMF and PGPR reduced the electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation and significantly enhanced the accumulation of phenols and flavonoids by 57.85% and 71.74%. Similarly, the antioxidant enzymatic activity and the plant nutrition status were also considerably improved in co-inoculated plants under drought stress. Additionally, the AMF and PGPR inoculation also enhanced abscisic acid (ABA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) concentrations by 67.71% and 54.41% in the shoots of tobacco plants. The current findings depicted that inoculation of AMF and PGPR (alone or in combination) enhanced the growth and mitigated the photosynthetic alteration with the consequent up-regulation of secondary metabolism, osmolyte accumulation, and antioxidant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naheeda Begum
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ling Wang
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Husain Ahmad
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kashif Akhtar
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bio-resources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Rana Roy
- Department of Agroforestry and Environmental Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Ishfaq Khan
- Department of Weed Science, the University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, 25130, Pakistan
| | - Tuanjie Zhao
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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50
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Saia S, Jansa J. Editorial: Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: The Bridge Between Plants, Soils, and Humans. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:875958. [PMID: 35444670 PMCID: PMC9014169 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.875958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Saia
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Jan Jansa
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Microbiology, Prague, Czechia
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