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Zhao YQ, Ren YF, Li BB, Wei C, Yu B. The mysterious association between adiponectin and endometriosis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1396616. [PMID: 38813109 PMCID: PMC11133721 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1396616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is a pleiotropic cytokine predominantly derived from adipose tissue. In addition to its role in regulating energy metabolism, adiponectin may also be related to estrogen-dependent diseases, and many studies have confirmed its involvement in mediating diverse biological processes, including apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis, all of which are related to the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Although many researchers have reported low levels of adiponectin in patients with endometriosis and suggested that it may serve as a protective factor against the development of the disease. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to provide an up-to-date summary of the roles of adiponectin and its downstream cytokines and signaling pathways in the aforementioned biological processes. Further systematic studies on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of adiponectin may provide novel insights into the pathophysiology of endometriosis as well as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bing-Bing Li
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
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Klobučar I, Habisch H, Klobučar L, Trbušić M, Pregartner G, Berghold A, Kostner GM, Scharnagl H, Madl T, Frank S, Degoricija V. Serum Levels of Adiponectin Are Strongly Associated with Lipoprotein Subclasses in Healthy Volunteers but Not in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5050. [PMID: 38732266 PMCID: PMC11084877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25095050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a widespread disease in developed countries, accompanied, among others, by decreased adiponectin serum levels and perturbed lipoprotein metabolism. The associations between the serum levels of adiponectin and lipoproteins have been extensively studied in the past under healthy conditions, yet it remains unexplored whether the observed associations also exist in patients with MS. Therefore, in the present study, we analyzed the serum levels of lipoprotein subclasses using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and examined their associations with the serum levels of adiponectin in patients with MS in comparison with healthy volunteers (HVs). In the HVs, the serum levels of adiponectin were significantly negatively correlated with the serum levels of large buoyant-, very-low-density lipoprotein, and intermediate-density lipoprotein, as well as small dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and significantly positively correlated with large buoyant high-density lipoprotein (HDL). In patients with MS, however, adiponectin was only significantly correlated with the serum levels of phospholipids in total HDL and large buoyant LDL. As revealed through logistic regression and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analyses, high adiponectin serum levels were associated with low levels of small dense LDL and high levels of large buoyant HDL in the HVs as well as high levels of large buoyant LDL and total HDL in patients with MS. We conclude that the presence of MS weakens or abolishes the strong associations between adiponectin and the lipoprotein parameters observed in HVs and disturbs the complex interplay between adiponectin and lipoprotein metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Klobučar
- Department of Cardiology, Sisters of Charity University Hospital Centre, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.K.); (M.T.)
| | - Hansjörg Habisch
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (H.H.); (T.M.)
| | - Lucija Klobučar
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Matias Trbušić
- Department of Cardiology, Sisters of Charity University Hospital Centre, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.K.); (M.T.)
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Gudrun Pregartner
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (G.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Andrea Berghold
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (G.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Gerhard M. Kostner
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Hubert Scharnagl
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Tobias Madl
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; (H.H.); (T.M.)
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Saša Frank
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Vesna Degoricija
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Department of Medicine, Sisters of Charity University Hospital Centre, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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3
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Vogli M, Peters A, Wolf K, Thorand B, Herder C, Koenig W, Cyrys J, Maestri E, Marmiroli N, Karrasch S, Zhang S, Pickford R. Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and inflammatory response in the KORA study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169416. [PMID: 38123091 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies consistently showed an association between fine atmospheric particulate matter (PM2.5) and cardiovascular diseases. Concerns about adverse health effects of ultrafine particles (UFP) are growing but long-term studies are still scarce. In this study, we examined the association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants and blood biomarkers of inflammation and coagulation, including fibrinogen, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA) adiponectin and interleukin-6 (IL-6), measured in the German KORA-S4 cohort study (1999-2001). IL-6 was available for older participants only, who were therefore considered as a subsample. Annual mean concentrations of UFP (as particle number concentration), particulate matter in different particles sizes (PM10, PMcoarse, PM2.5, PM2.5 absorbance), ozone (O3), and nitrogen oxides (NO2, NOX) were estimated by land-use regression models and assigned to participants' home addresses. We performed a multiple linear regression between each pollutant and each biomarker with adjustment for confounders. Per 1 interquartile range (IQR, 1945 particles/cm3) increase of UFP, fibrinogen increased by 0.70 % (0.04; 1.37) and hs-CRP increased by 3.16 % (-0.52; 6.98). Adiponectin decreased by -2.53 % (-4.78; -0.24) per 1 IQR (1.4 μg/m3) increase of PM2.5. Besides, PM2.5 was associated with increased IL-6 in the subsample. In conclusion, we observed that long-term exposure to air pollutants, including both fine and ultrafine particles, was associated with higher concentrations of pro-inflammatory and lower concentrations of an anti-inflammatory blood biomarkers, which is consistent with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease observed for long-term exposure to air pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megi Vogli
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany; Munich Heart Alliance, German Center for Cardiovascular Health (DZHK e.V., partner-site Munich), Munich, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Wolf
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Thorand
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- German Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Partner Site of Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Josef Cyrys
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elena Maestri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; National Interuniversity Consortium for Environmental Sciences (CINSA), Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Nelson Marmiroli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Science and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy; National Interuniversity Consortium for Environmental Sciences (CINSA), Parco Area delle Scienze, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Stefan Karrasch
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital LMU Munich, Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Siqi Zhang
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Regina Pickford
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
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Yue H, Zhang Q, Chang S, Zhao X, Wang M, Li W. Adiponectin protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical animal studies. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:51. [PMID: 38368320 PMCID: PMC10874037 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02028-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is widespread in the treatment of ischemic heart disease, and its treatment options are currently limited. Adiponectin (APN) is an adipocytokine with cardioprotective properties; however, the mechanisms of APN in MIRI are unclear. Therefore, based on preclinical (animal model) evidence, the cardioprotective effects of APN and the underlying mechanisms were explored. METHODS The literature was searched for the protective effect of APN on MIRI in six databases until 16 November 2023, and data were extracted according to selection criteria. The outcomes were the size of the myocardial necrosis area and hemodynamics. Markers of oxidation, apoptosis, and inflammation were secondary outcome indicators. The quality evaluation was performed using the animal study evaluation scale recommended by the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation statement. Stata/MP 14.0 software was used for the summary analysis. RESULTS In total, 20 papers with 426 animals were included in this study. The pooled analysis revealed that APN significantly reduced myocardial infarct size [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 16.67 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 13.18 to 20.16, P < 0.001)] and improved hemodynamics compared to the MIRI group [Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure: WMD = 5.96 (95% CI = 4.23 to 7.70, P < 0.001); + dP/dtmax: WMD = 1393.59 (95% CI = 972.57 to 1814.60, P < 0.001); -dP/dtmax: WMD = 850.06 (95% CI = 541.22 to 1158.90, P < 0.001); Left ventricular ejection fraction: WMD = 9.96 (95% CI = 7.29 to 12.63, P < 0.001)]. Apoptosis indicators [caspase-3: standardized mean difference (SMD) = 3.86 (95% CI = 2.97 to 4.76, P < 0.001); TUNEL-positive cells: WMD = 13.10 (95% CI = 8.15 to 18.05, P < 0.001)], inflammatory factor levels [TNF-α: SMD = 4.23 (95% CI = 2.48 to 5.98, P < 0.001)], oxidative stress indicators [Superoxide production: SMD = 4.53 (95% CI = 2.39 to 6.67, P < 0.001)], and lactate dehydrogenase levels [SMD = 2.82 (95% CI = 1.60 to 4.04, P < 0.001)] were significantly reduced. However, the superoxide dismutase content was significantly increased [SMD = 1.91 (95% CI = 1.17 to 2.65, P < 0.001)]. CONCLUSION APN protects against MIRI via anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antioxidant effects, and this effect is achieved by activating different signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Yue
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qunhui Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, 421001, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics And Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Senhao Chang
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinjie Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengjie Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenhua Li
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China.
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Husejko J, Gackowski M, Wojtasik J, Strzała D, Pesta M, Mądra-Gackowska K, Nuszkiewicz J, Woźniak A, Kozakiewicz M, Kędziora-Kornatowska K. Preliminary Report on the Influence of Acute Inflammation on Adiponectin Levels in Older Inpatients with Different Nutritional Status. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2016. [PMID: 38396693 PMCID: PMC10889142 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation can be triggered by a variety of factors, including pathogens, damaged cells, and toxic compounds. It is a biological response of the immune system, which can be successfully assessed in clinical practice using some molecular substances. Because adiponectin, a hormone released by adipose tissue, influences the development of inflammation, its evaluation as a potential measure of inflammation in clinical practice is justified. In the present contribution, statistical comparison of adiponectin concentration and selected molecular substances recognized in clinical practice as measures of inflammation were utilized to demonstrate whether adipose tissue hormones, as exemplified by adiponectin, have the potential to act as a measure of rapidly changing inflammation when monitoring older hospitalized patients in the course of bacterial infection. The study showed no statistically significant differences in adiponectin levels depending on the rapidly changing inflammatory response in its early stage. Interestingly, the concentration of adiponectin is statistically significantly higher in malnourished patients than in people with normal nutritional levels, assessed based on the MNA. According to the results obtained, adiponectin is not an effective measure of acute inflammation in clinical practice. However, it may serve as a biomarker of malnutrition in senile individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Husejko
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Health Science, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Skłodowska-Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.H.); (D.S.); (M.P.); (K.M.-G.); (M.K.); (K.K.-K.)
| | - Marcin Gackowski
- Department of Toxicology and Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, A. Jurasza 2 Street, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Jakub Wojtasik
- Centre for Statistical Analysis, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Chopina 12/18 Street, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Dominika Strzała
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Health Science, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Skłodowska-Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.H.); (D.S.); (M.P.); (K.M.-G.); (M.K.); (K.K.-K.)
| | - Maciej Pesta
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Health Science, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Skłodowska-Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.H.); (D.S.); (M.P.); (K.M.-G.); (M.K.); (K.K.-K.)
| | - Katarzyna Mądra-Gackowska
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Health Science, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Skłodowska-Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.H.); (D.S.); (M.P.); (K.M.-G.); (M.K.); (K.K.-K.)
| | - Jarosław Nuszkiewicz
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karłowicza 24 Street, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Alina Woźniak
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karłowicza 24 Street, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Kozakiewicz
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Health Science, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Skłodowska-Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.H.); (D.S.); (M.P.); (K.M.-G.); (M.K.); (K.K.-K.)
| | - Kornelia Kędziora-Kornatowska
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Health Science, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Skłodowska-Curie 9 Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (J.H.); (D.S.); (M.P.); (K.M.-G.); (M.K.); (K.K.-K.)
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Yu D, Guo M, Tan M, Su W. Lipid-Lowering and Antioxidant Effects of Self-Assembled Astaxanthin-Anthocyanin Nanoparticles on High-Fat Caenorhabditis elegans. Foods 2024; 13:514. [PMID: 38397491 PMCID: PMC10887880 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a serious global public health risk threatening millions of people. In this study, the astaxanthin-anthocyanin nanoparticles (AXT-ACN NPs) were used to investigate their effects on the lipid accumulation and antioxidative capacity of the high-sugar-diet-induced high-fat Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). It can be found that the lifespan, motility, and reproductive capacity of the high-fat C. elegans were significantly decreased compared to the normal nematodes in the control group. However, treatment of high-fat C. elegans with AXT-ACN NPs resulted in a prolonged lifespan of 35 days, improved motility, and a 22.06% increase in total spawn production of the nematodes. Furthermore, AXT-ACN NPs were found to effectively extend the lifespan of high-fat C. elegans under heat and oxidative stress conditions. Oil-red O staining results also demonstrated that AXT-ACN NPs have a remarkable effect on reducing the fat accumulation in nematodes, compared with pure astaxanthin and anthocyanin nanoparticles. Additionally, AXT-ACN NPs can significantly decrease the accumulation of lipofuscin and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The activities of antioxidant-related enzymes in nematodes were further measured, which revealed that the AXT-ACN NPs could increase the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxidase dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and decrease the malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The astaxanthin and anthocyanin in AXT-ACN NPs showed sound synergistic antioxidation and lipid-lowering effects, making them potential components in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Meng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Mingqian Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Wentao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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Dincă VG, Diaconu A, Coculescu BI, Dincă AL, Ciuc DM, Bîrlă RD, Marica CD, Tudorache SI, Manole G, Coculescu EC. Adiponectin - stratification biomarker in diastolic cardiac dysfunction. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2171030. [PMID: 36691932 PMCID: PMC9879170 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2171030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study does not propose to elucidate how adiponectin secretion is regulated, but how its adiponectin concentration is an indicator of heart disease. About adiponectin, it is not known whether it is functionally an enzyme, or very likely a cytokine/chemokine/hormone, secreted by fat cells/adipocytes in the abdomen. Abdominal fat secretes 67 hormones, and all of which cause disease. For example, adiponectin generates diabetes and ischaemic heart disease via dyslipidemia. Based on clinical symptoms, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic parameters, a group of 208 patients with diastolic cardiac dysfunction with or without preserved systolic function, developed on a background of painful chronic ischaemic heart disease, stable angina on exertion, was constituted. The serum levels of adiponectin, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides were measured. Using the identified values, it was appreciated whether adiponectin correlates with the type of any of the two conditions, so that it can be recognised as a diagnostic and risk stratification marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriu-Gabi Dincă
- Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania,CF2 Clinical Hospital Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adriana Diaconu
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan-Ioan Coculescu
- Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,Cantacuzino National Medico-Military Institute for Research and Development, Bucharest, Romania,CONTACT Bogdan-Ioan Coculescu Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eroii Sanitari Bvd., no. 8, sector 5, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandra-Ligia Dincă
- Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania,CF2 Clinical Hospital Bucharest, Romania
| | - Diana Mihaela Ciuc
- Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania,CF2 Clinical Hospital Bucharest, Romania
| | - Rodica Daniela Bîrlă
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,Sf. Maria Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Daniel Marica
- Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania,CF2 Clinical Hospital Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Gheorghe Manole
- Faculty of General Nursing, Bioterra University, Bucharest, Romania,Romanian Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Elena Claudia Coculescu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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8
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Fauzi A, Thoe ES, Quan TY, Yin ACY. Insights from insulin resistance pathways: Therapeutic approaches against Alzheimer associated diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Complications 2023; 37:108629. [PMID: 37866274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer Associated Diabetes Mellitus, commonly known as Type 3 Diabetes Mellitus (T3DM) is a distinct subtype of diabetes with a pronounced association with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Insulin resistance serves as a pivotal link between these two conditions, leading to diminished insulin sensitivity, hyperglycemia, and impaired glucose uptake. The brain, a vital organ in AD context, is also significantly impacted by insulin resistance, resulting in energy deficits and neuronal damage, which are hallmark features of the neurodegenerative disorder. To pave the way for potential therapeutic interventions targeting the insulin resistance pathway, it is crucial to comprehend the intricate pathophysiology of T3DM and identify the overlapped features between diabetes and AD. This comprehensive review article aims to explore various pathway such as AMPK, PPARγ, cAMP and P13K/Akt pathway as potential target for management of T3DM. Through the analysis of these complex mechanisms, our goal is to reveal their interdependencies and support the discovery of innovative therapeutic strategies. The review extensively discusses several promising pharmaceutical candidates that have demonstrated dual drug action mechanisms, addressing both peripheral and cerebral insulin resistance observed in T3DM. These candidates hold significant promise for restoring insulin function and mitigating the detrimental effects of insulin resistance on the brain. The exploration of these therapeutic options contributes to the development of innovative interventions that alleviate the burden of T3DM and enhance patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Fauzi
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Ewen Se Thoe
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Tang Yin Quan
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Medical Advancement for Better Quality of Life Impact Lab, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Adeline Chia Yoke Yin
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Medical Advancement for Better Quality of Life Impact Lab, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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9
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Cisternas P, Gherardelli C, Gutierrez J, Salazar P, Mendez-Orellana C, Wong GW, Inestrosa NC. Adiponectin and resistin modulate the progression of Alzheimer´s disease in a metabolic syndrome model. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1237796. [PMID: 37732123 PMCID: PMC10507329 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1237796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of metabolic conditions that include obesity, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance, increases the risk of several aging-related brain diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the underlying mechanism explaining the link between MetS and brain function is poorly understood. Among the possible mediators are several adipose-derived secreted molecules called adipokines, including adiponectin (ApN) and resistin, which have been shown to regulate brain function by modulating several metabolic processes. To investigate the impact of adipokines on MetS, we employed a diet-induced model to induce the various complications associated with MetS. For this purpose, we administered a high-fat diet (HFD) to both WT and APP/PSN1 mice at a pre-symptomatic disease stage. Our data showed that MetS causes a fast decline in cognitive performance and stimulates Aβ42 production in the brain. Interestingly, ApN treatment restored glucose metabolism and improved cognitive functions by 50% while decreasing the Aβ42/40 ratio by approximately 65%. In contrast, resistin exacerbated Aβ pathology, increased oxidative stress, and strongly reduced glucose metabolism. Together, our data demonstrate that ApN and resistin alterations could further contribute to AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Cisternas
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de O’Higgins, Rancagua, Chile
| | - Camila Gherardelli
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE-UC), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Joel Gutierrez
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE-UC), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Salazar
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE-UC), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Mendez-Orellana
- Carrera de Fonoaudiología, Departamento Ciencias de la Salud, facultad Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - G. William Wong
- Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nibaldo C. Inestrosa
- Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE-UC), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes (CEBIMA), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
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10
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Convertini P, Santarsiero A, Todisco S, Gilio M, Palazzo D, Pappalardo I, Iacobazzi D, Frontuto M, Infantino V. ACLY as a modulator of liver cell functions and its role in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:568. [PMID: 37620891 PMCID: PMC10463545 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04431-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), now better known as Metabolic (Dysfunction)-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) and its progression to Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH), more recently referred to as Metabolic (Dysfunction)-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH) are the most common causes of liver failure and chronic liver damage. The new names emphasize the metabolic involvement both in relation to liver function and pathological features with extrahepatic manifestations. This study aims to explore the role of the immunometabolic enzyme ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), with a critical function in lipogenesis, carbohydrate metabolism, gene expression and inflammation. METHODS ACLY function was investigated in TNFα-triggered human hepatocytes and in PBMC-derived macrophages from MASH patients. Evaluation of expression levels was carried out by western blotting and/or RT-qPCR. In the presence or absence of ACLY inhibitors, ROS, lipid peroxidation and GSSG oxidative stress biomarkers were quantified. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), transient transfections, immunocytochemistry, histone acetylation quantitation were used to investigate ACLY function in gene expression reprogramming. IL-6 and IL-1β were quantified by Lumit immunoassays. RESULTS Mechanistically, ACLY inhibition reverted lipid accumulation and oxidative damage while reduced secretion of inflammatory cytokines in TNFα-triggered human hepatocytes. These effects impacted not only on lipid metabolism but also on other crucial features of liver function such as redox status and production of inflammatory mediators. Moreover, ACLY mRNA levels together with those of malic enzyme 1 (ME1) increased in human PBMC-derived macrophages from MASH patients when compared to age-matched healthy controls. Remarkably, a combination of hydroxycitrate (HCA), the natural ACLY inhibitor, with red wine powder (RWP) significantly lowered ACLY and ME1 mRNA amount as well as IL-6 and IL-1β production in macrophages from subjects with MASH. CONCLUSION Collectively, our findings for the first time highlight a broad spectrum of ACLY functions in liver as well as in the pathogenesis of MASH and its diagnostic and therapeutic potential value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Convertini
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Anna Santarsiero
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Simona Todisco
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Michele Gilio
- Infectious Diseases Unit, San Carlo Hospital, Via Potito Petrone, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Donatella Palazzo
- Infectious Diseases Unit, San Carlo Hospital, Via Potito Petrone, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Ilaria Pappalardo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Dominga Iacobazzi
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Maria Frontuto
- Infectious Diseases Unit, San Carlo Hospital, Via Potito Petrone, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Vittoria Infantino
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy.
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11
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Wang X, Ma J, Lin D, Dong X, Wu J, Bai Y, Zhang D, Gao J. The risk factors of postoperative hypoxemia in patients with Stanford type A acute aortic dissection. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34704. [PMID: 37603505 PMCID: PMC10443739 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxemia is one of the most common complications in patients after Stanford type A acute aortic dissection surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of circulating ANG II level with postoperative hypoxemia and to identify the risk factors for postoperative hypoxemia in Stanford type A acute aortic dissection patients. In this study, 88 patients who underwent Stanford type A acute aortic dissection surgery were enrolled. Postoperative hypoxemia is defined by the oxygenation index (OI). Perioperative clinical data were collected and the serum ANG II and sACE2 levels were measured. The differences in the basic characteristics, intraoperative details, biochemical parameters, laboratory test data and clinical outcomes were compared between the hypoxemia group and the non-hypoxemia group by univariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed on the variables with P < .1 in univariate analysis or that were considered clinically important to identify risk factors for postoperative hypoxemia. Twenty-five patients (28.4%) were considered to have postoperative hypoxemia (OI ≤ 200 mm Hg). The ANG II concentration remained a risk factor associated with postoperative hypoxemia [OR = 1.018, 95% CI (1.003-1.034), P = .022]. The other risk factors remaining in the logistic regression model were BMI [OR = 1.417, 95% CI (1.159-1.733), P = .001] and cTnI [OR = 1.003, 95% CI (1.000-1.005), P = .032]. Elevated levels of ANG II, BMI and cTnI are risk factors for postoperative hypoxemia in patients with Stanford type A acute aortic dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu’an Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Duomao Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuhua Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinjing Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongni Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junwei Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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12
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Abdalla MMI, Mohanraj J, Somanath SD. Adiponectin as a therapeutic target for diabetic foot ulcer. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:758-782. [PMID: 37383591 PMCID: PMC10294063 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i6.758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The global burden of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) is a significant public health concern, affecting millions of people worldwide. These wounds cause considerable suffering and have a high economic cost. Therefore, there is a need for effective strategies to prevent and treat DFUs. One promising therapeutic approach is the use of adiponectin, a hormone primarily produced and secreted by adipose tissue. Adiponectin has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic properties, and researchers have suggested its potential therapeutic applications in the treatment of DFUs. Studies have indicated that adiponectin can inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, increase the production of vascular endothelial growth factor, a key mediator of angiogenesis, and inhibit the activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Additionally, adiponectin has been found to possess antioxidant properties and impact glucose metabolism, the immune system, extracellular matrix remodeling, and nerve function. The objective of this review is to summarize the current state of research on the potential role of adiponectin in the treatment of DFUs and to identify areas where further research is needed in order to fully understand the effects of adiponectin on DFUs and to establish its safety and efficacy as a treatment for DFUs in the clinical setting. This will provide a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms of DFUs that can aid in the development of new and more effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Mohamed Ibrahim Abdalla
- Department of Physiology, Human Biology Division, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Jaiprakash Mohanraj
- Department of Biochemistry, Human Biology Division, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Sushela Devi Somanath
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
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13
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Nemeth Z, Patonai A, Simon-Szabó L, Takács I. Interplay of Vitamin D and SIRT1 in Tissue-Specific Metabolism-Potential Roles in Prevention and Treatment of Non-Communicable Diseases Including Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076154. [PMID: 37047134 PMCID: PMC10094444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases, including obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer, is increasing as a requirement of the aging population in developed countries and the sustainability of healthcare. Similarly, the 2013-2030 action plan of the WHO for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases seeks these achievements. Adequate lifestyle changes, alone or with the necessary treatments, could reduce the risk of mortality or the deterioration of quality of life. In our recent work, we summarized the role of two central factors, i.e., appropriate levels of vitamin D and SIRT1, which are connected to adequate lifestyles with beneficial effects on the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases. Both of these factors have received increased attention in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic as they both take part in regulation of the main metabolic processes, i.e., lipid/glucose/energy homeostasis, oxidative stress, redox balance, and cell fate, as well as in the healthy regulation of the immune system. Vitamin D and SIRT1 have direct and indirect influence of the regulation of transcription and epigenetic changes and are related to cytoplasmic signaling pathways such as PLC/DAG/IP3/PKC/MAPK, MEK/Erk, insulin/mTOR/cell growth, proliferation; leptin/PI3K-Akt-mTORC1, Akt/NFĸB/COX-2, NFĸB/TNFα, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, and AMPK/PGC-1α/GLUT4, among others. Through their proper regulation, they maintain normal body weight, lipid profile, insulin secretion and sensitivity, balance between the pro- and anti-inflammatory processes under normal conditions and infections, maintain endothelial health; balance cell differentiation, proliferation, and fate; and balance the circadian rhythm of the cellular metabolism. The role of these two molecules is interconnected in the molecular network, and they regulate each other in several layers of the homeostasis of energy and the cellular metabolism. Both have a central role in the maintenance of healthy and balanced immune regulation and redox reactions; therefore, they could constitute promising targets either for prevention or as complementary therapies to achieve a better quality of life, at any age, for healthy people and patients under chronic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Nemeth
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Koranyi S. u 2/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Patonai
- Department of Surgery, Transplantation and Gastroenterology, Semmelweis University, Ulloi u. 78, 1082 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laura Simon-Szabó
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Tuzolto u. 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Takács
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Koranyi S. u 2/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
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14
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Dietary n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids differentially modulate the adiponectin and leptinmediated major signaling pathways in visceral and subcutaneous white adipose tissue in high fat diet induced obesity in Wistar rats. Nutr Res 2023; 110:74-86. [PMID: 36689814 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease that involves excessive accumulation of fat in white adipose tissue (WAT). Apart from storing excess fats, WAT also serves as an important endocrine organ secreting adipocytokines such as adiponectin and leptin. Adiponectin and leptin bind to their transmembrane receptors adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1)/adiponectin receptor 2 (AdipoR2) and Ob-R, respectively, and mediate their effect on metabolism by regulating multiple downstream targets. Dietary fat is considered the main culprit behind obesity development. Numerous preclinical studies have highlighted role of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly n-3 PUFAs, in prevention of obesity. Despite emerging data, there still is no clear understanding of the mechanism of action of n-3 PUFAs and n-6 PUFAs on adipose tissue function in two functionally and anatomically different depots of WAT: visceral and subcutaneous. We designed this study using a high fat diet (HFD) fed rodent model of obesity to test our hypothesis that n-3 and n-6 PUFAs possibly differentially modulate adipokine secretion and downstream metabolic pathways such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), protein kinase B (AKT)-forkhead box O1 (FOXO1), and Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription in obesity. The results of the current study showed that n-3 PUFAs upregulate the expression of AdipoR1/R2 and ameliorate the effects of HFD by modulating adipogenesis via PPAR-γ and by improving glucose tolerance and lipid metabolism via AKT-FOXO1 axis in fish oil fed rats. However, n-6 PUFAs did not show any remarkable change compared with HFD fed animals. Our study highlights that n-3 PUFAs modulate expression of various targets in adiponectin and leptin signaling cascade, bringing about an overall reduction in obesity and improvement in adipose tissue function in HFD induced obesity.
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15
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Zhou XH, Cheng ZP, Lu M, Lin WY, Luo LL, Ming ZY, Hu Y. Adiponectin receptor agonist AdipoRon modulates human and mouse platelet function. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:356-366. [PMID: 35918410 PMCID: PMC9889809 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00943-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin, an adipokine secreted by adipocytes, has anti-atherosclerotic and antithrombotic activities. AdipoRon is synthetic small molecule adiponectin receptor agonist. In this study, we investigated the effect of AdipoRon on platelet activation and thrombus formation. Washed human platelets were prepared from the peripheral blood of healthy donors. In a series of in vitro platelet functional assays, pre-treatment with AdipoRon (10, 20, 40 µg/mL) dose-dependently inhibited the aggregation, granule secretion and spreading of washed human platelets. We showed that AdipoRon (20, 40 µg/mL) significantly inhibited AMPK, Syk, PLCγ2, PI3K, Akt, p38-MAPK and ERK1/2 signalling pathways in washed human platelets. In addition, we demonstrated that the phosphorylation of CKII at Tyr255 was an important mechanism of the integrin αIIbβ3-mediated platelet activation. Meanwhile, AdipoR1 deficiency impaired the inhibitory effect of AdipoRon on mouse platelets. In ferric chloride-induced carotid injury model, injection of AdipoRon (5 or 12.5 mg/kg, iv) significantly attenuated arterial thrombosis. In conclusion, AdipoRon attenuates platelet function via the AdipoR1/AMPK/CKII/PI3K/AKT signalling pathways, while exerting a protective effect against arterial thrombosis. This study offers new insights into the fields of cardiovascular disease and antiplatelet drug discovery.Schematic model of AdipoRon regulating platelet activation. (BioRender.com).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Hui Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Cheng
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Meng Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wen-Yi Lin
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Li-Li Luo
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhang-Yin Ming
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Tongji-Rongcheng Center for Biomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Hubei Clinical Medical Center of Cell Therapy for Neoplastic Disease, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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16
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Zheng S, Shen M, Qian Y, Li S, Chen Y, Jiang H, Lv H, Chen D, Zhao R, Zheng X, Sun M, Yang T, Shi Y, Fu Q. Growth differentiation factor-15/adiponectin ratio as a potential biomarker for metabolic syndrome in Han Chinese. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1146376. [PMID: 37152921 PMCID: PMC10154592 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1146376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) and adiponectin are adipokines that regulate metabolism. This study aimed to evaluate the roles of GDF-15, adiponectin, and GDF-15/adiponectin ratio (G/A ratio) as biomarkers for detecting metabolic syndrome (MS). Materials and methods This cross-sectional study included 676 participants aged 20-70 years in Jurong, China. The participants were divided into four groups based on sex and age (<40 and ≥40 years). MS was defined according to the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the performance of GDF-15, adiponectin, and the G/A ratio in predicting MS. Results The prevalence of MS was 22.0% (149/676). Logistic regression analysis indicated that the G/A ratio and adiponectin levels, but not GDF-15 levels, were correlated with MS [odds ratio; 95% CI 1.010 (1.006-1.013) and 0.798 (0.735-0.865), respectively] after adjusting for confounding factors. The G/A ratio displayed a significant relationship with MS in each subgroup and with each MS component in both men and women; however, adiponectin concentrations were significantly associated with MS and all its components only in men (all P <0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of the G/A ratio and the adiponectin level for MS was 0.758 and 0.748, respectively. The highest AUC was 0.757 for the adiponectin level in men and 0.724 for the G/A ratio in women. Conclusions This study suggests that the G/A ratio and adiponectin are potential biomarkers for detecting MS in women and men, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yun Shi
- *Correspondence: Qi Fu, ; Yun Shi,
| | - Qi Fu
- *Correspondence: Qi Fu, ; Yun Shi,
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17
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Vasu K, Ramachandiran I, Chechi A, Khan K, Khan D, Kaufman R, Fox PL. Translational control of murine adiponectin expression by an upstream open reading frame element. RNA Biol 2023; 20:737-749. [PMID: 37702393 PMCID: PMC10501164 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2023.2256094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin, an adipocyte-specific secretory protein encoded by the ADIPOQ gene has a causal role in insulin resistance. Anti-diabetic drugs increase plasma adiponectin by a poorly understood, post-transcriptional mechanism enhancing insulin sensitivity. Deletion analysis of a reporter bearing the mouse Adipoq mRNA 5'-leader identified an inhibitory cis-regulatory sequence. The 5'-leader harbours two potential upstream open reading frames (uORFs) overlapping the principal downstream ORF. Mutation of the uORF ATGs increased reporter translation ~3-fold, indicative of a functional uORF. uORFs are common in mammalian mRNAs; however, only a select group resist translational repression by the integrated stress response (ISR). Thapsigargin (TG), which induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the ISR, enhanced expression of a reporter bearing the Adipoq 5'-leader; polysome profiling verified translation-stimulation. TG-stimulated translation was absent in cells defective in Ser51 phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), required for the ISR. To determine its role in expression and function of endogenous adiponectin, the upstream uORF was disrupted by CRISPR-Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of differentiated mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes. uORF disruption in adipocytes increased adiponectin expression, triacylglycerol accumulation, and glucose uptake, and inhibited paracrine muscle and liver cell expression of gluconeogenic enzymes, establishing an important role of the uORF in adiponectin-mediated responses to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kommireddy Vasu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Iyappan Ramachandiran
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Aayushi Chechi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Krishnendu Khan
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Debjit Khan
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Randall Kaufman
- Degenerative Diseases Program, Center for Genetic Disorders and Aging Research, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Paul L. Fox
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
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18
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Diabetes-Induced Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy: Impact on Heart Function and Prognosis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123258. [PMID: 36552014 PMCID: PMC9775487 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a severe complication of the advance stage of diabetes. More than 50% of diabetic patients diagnosed with peripheral neuropathy will have CAN, with clinical manifestations including tachycardia, severe orthostatic hypotension, syncope, and physical exercise intolerance. Since the prevalence of diabetes is increasing, a concomitant increase in CAN is expected and will reduce quality of life and increase mortality. Autonomic dysfunction is associated with reduced baroreflex sensitivity and impairment of sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation. Various autonomic function tests are used to diagnose CAN, a condition without adequate treatment. It is important to consider the control of glucose level and blood pressure as key factors for preventing CAN progression. However, altered biomarkers of inflammatory and endothelial function, increased purinergic receptor expression, and exacerbated oxidative stress lead to possible targets for the treatment of CAN. The present review describes the molecular alterations seen in CAN, diagnosis, and possible alternative treatments.
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Han W, Yang S, Xiao H, Wang M, Ye J, Cao L, Sun G. Role of Adiponectin in Cardiovascular Diseases Related to Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:15627. [PMID: 36555264 PMCID: PMC9779180 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle changes have led to increased incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD); therefore, potential targets against CVD should be explored to mitigate its risks. Adiponectin (APN), an adipokine secreted by adipose tissue, has numerous beneficial effects against CVD related to glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, including regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, increasing insulin sensitivity, reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation, protection of myocardial cells, and improvement in endothelial cell function. These effects demonstrate the anti-atherosclerotic and antihypertensive properties of APN, which could aid in improving myocardial hypertrophy, and reducing myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury and myocardial infarction. APN can also be used for diagnosing and predicting heart failure. This review summarizes and discusses the role of APN in the treatment of CVD related to glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, and explores future APN research directions and clinical application prospects. Future studies should elucidate the signaling pathway network of APN cardiovascular protective effects, which will facilitate clinical trials targeting APN for CVD treatment in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shuxian Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Min Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingxue Ye
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Li Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guibo Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
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Mohamed T, Souiy Z, Achour L, Hamden K. Anti-obesity, anti-hyperglycaemic, anti-antipyretic and analgesic activities of Globularia alypum extracts. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1453-1460. [PMID: 32536285 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1773865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-obesity, anti-hyperglycaemic, analgesic and antipyretic activities of Globularia alypum (GA). MATERIALS AND METHODS GA methanol and water extracts (GAME, GAWE) were administered to high-fat-high-glucose diet (HFFD) rats. RESULTS This study showed that GAME exhibited the highest antioxidant, anti-α-amylase and anti-lipase activities, with half inhibitory concentration (IC50) values 0.067, 1.05 and 2.97 mg/ml respectively. In HFFD rats, the administration of GAME inhibited lipase activity by 36, 37 and 30% in the intestine, pancreas and serum, respectively, reduced body weight by 17.7% and modulated lipid profile. In addition, administration of GAME to HFFD-rats decreased α-amylase activity, improved glucose level and protected liver function. Furthermore, the administration of GA extracts to rats revealed antipyretic (reduction in writhing by 64%) and analgesic (decrease of temperature by 1.11 °C) activities. CONCLUSION This study showed that GA extracts exhibited an anti-obesity, anti-hyperglycaemia, anti-pyretic and analgesic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiss Mohamed
- Laboratory of Bioresources: Integrative Biology and Exploiting, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Zoubeida Souiy
- Higher Institute of Technological Studies, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Lotfi Achour
- Laboratory of Bioresources: Integrative Biology and Exploiting, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Hamden
- Laboratory of Bioresources: Integrative Biology and Exploiting, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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21
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Oniki K. Multifaceted Clinical Research on Obesity-related Disease Prevention Focusing on the <i>DsbA-L</i> Gene. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2022; 142:1177-1183. [DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.22-00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Oniki
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University
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22
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Hosseini M, Bagheri R, Nikkar H, Baker JS, Jaime SJ, Mosayebi Z, Zouraghi MR, Wong A. The effect of interval training on adipokine plasmatic levels in rats with induced myocardial infarction. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1249-1253. [PMID: 32412814 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1764049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Context: Exercise has been demonstrated to reduce pro-inflammatory while boosting anti-inflammatory adipokines; yet research in relation to Myocardial infarction (MI) is limited.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an interval exercise-training programme on concentrations of Lipocalin-2 and Adiponectin plasmatic levels in rats with induced MI.Materials and methods: The experimental study design comprised of three groups, including: a control group, MI control group and MI training group that participated in an interval training protocol for six weeks.Results: There was a significant increase in Lipocalin-2 levels in the MI interval training group when compared to the other groups.Discussion and conclusion: Although interval training has beneficial effects on adiponectin, it also increases Lipocalin-2 concentrations. Because Lipocalin-2 significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and adverse cardiac conditions, our findings suggest that interval training might be a counterproductive strategy to improve MI-related cardiac damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Hosseini
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hussein Nikkar
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Julien S Baker
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Zahra Mosayebi
- Physical Education and Sports Sciences Department, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rasoul Zouraghi
- Neyshabur Branch, Physical Education and Sports Sciences Department, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Alexei Wong
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, VA, USA
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23
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Wang R, Dong P, Dong G, Xiao X, Huang J, Yang L, Yu Y, Dong GH. Exploring the impacts of street-level greenspace on stroke and cardiovascular diseases in Chinese adults. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 243:113974. [PMID: 35988381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become the primary cause of death in the world. Existing studies have found that greenspace is important for the prevention of CVDs and stroke. However, since they only focus on large green infrastructure (e.g., urban parks) or the general greenspace (usually being evaluated through normalized difference vegetation index), little information exists regarding the association between street-level greenspace and CVDs (stroke). In this study, the CVDs and stroke data of participants were retrieved from the 33 Chinese Community Health Study. We measured participants' exposure to street-level greenspace exposure using street view images and machine learning technique. Multilevel logistic regressions were applied. While controlling for confounders, we found that higher level of street-level greenspace exposure was associated with lower CVDs prevalence. However, street-level greenspace exposure was associated with stroke prevalence only for females. The associations were stronger among females, younger adults, participants with educational attainment above high school, physically active participants and participants who were not overweight. None of the mediators (air pollution, physical exercise, and BMI) can explain the associations between street-level greenspace exposure and CVDs (stroke) prevalence. Our findings suggest that street-level vegetation should be increased to cope with the rapid growth of the CVDs burdens. Also, the differences between the effect of street-level trees and grasses should be noted before formulating specific urban planning policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Wang
- UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health/Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
| | - Pengxin Dong
- Nursing College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Guoping Dong
- School of Accounting, Guangzhou Huashang College, Guangzhou 511300, China.
| | - Xiang Xiao
- Department of Geography, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jingwen Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Linchuan Yang
- Department of Urban and Rural Planning, School of Architecture and Design, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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24
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Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Gabriela Bungau S, Radu AF, El-Saber Batiha G. The potential molecular implications of adiponectin in the evolution of SARS-CoV-2: Inbuilt tendency. JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY - SCIENCE 2022; 34:102347. [PMID: 36211634 PMCID: PMC9524222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2022.102347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin (APN) is an adipokine concerned in the regulation of glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity and fatty acid oxidation. APN plays a critical role in viral infections by regulating the immune response through its anti-inflammatory/pro-inflammatory axis. Reduction of APN may augment the severity of viral infections because APN inhibits immune cells’ response via suppression of inflammatory signaling pathways and stimulation of adenosine monophosphate protein kinase (AMPK). Moreover, APN inhibits the stimulation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and regulates the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukins (IL-18, IL-6). In COVID-19, abnormalities of the fatty tissue due to oxidative stress (OS) and hyperinflammation may inhibit the production and release of APN. APN has lung-protective effect and can prevent SARS-CoV-2-induced acute lung injury (ALI) through the amelioration of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, endothelial dysfunction (ED) and stimulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-α). It has been established that there is a potential correlation between inflammatory signal transduction pathways and APN that contributes to the development of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Deregulation of these molecular pathways affects the expression of APN and vice versa. In addition, the reduction of APN effect in SARS-CoV-2 infection could be a potential cause of the exacerbation of pro-inflammatory effects which are associated with the disease severity. In this context, exploratory, developmental, and extensive prospective studies are necessary.
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25
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Ngo TC, Truong DH, Nguyen TTN, Quang DT, Dao DQ. On the free radical scavenging and metallic ion chelating activities of pyridoxal - Could the pro-oxidant risk be competitive? PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 199:113176. [PMID: 35390394 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Primary and secondary antioxidant activities of pyridoxal have been investigated by using density functional theory (DFT) at the M05-2X level combined with 6-311++G(d,p) basis set for non-metallic atoms and LanL2DZ for metallic ions. The former has been examined by its free radical scavenging activity towards HOO●, HO●, and NO2●via different mechanisms including formal hydrogen transfer (FHT), proton transfer (PT), single electron transfer (SET), and radical adduct formation (RAF). The latter has been accomplished through its transition metal-chelating ability with Fe(III)/Fe(II) and Cu(II)/Cu(I) ions. The results show that pyridoxal illustrates as an efficient radical scavenger, especially, for HO● and NO2● in water. The overall rate constants (koverall) for the reactions with HOO●, HO●, and NO2● radicals are 1.30 × 104, 5.76 × 109, and 1.43 × 109 M-1s-1, respectively. The SET from the anionic state is the most dominant for the HOO● and NO2● scavenging reactions, while both RAF and SET contribute largely to the reaction with highly reactive HO● radicals. Moreover, the anionic form of pyridoxal demonstrates a better role as a metal chelator than the neutral. However, the pro-oxidant risks of the formed complexes could be observed if there are superoxide radical anion (O2●-) and ascorbate (Asc-) in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Chinh Ngo
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam.
| | - Dinh Hieu Truong
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam
| | | | - Duong Tuan Quang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Education, Hue University, Hue, 530000, Viet Nam.
| | - Duy Quang Dao
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam
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Pei J, Zhao S, Yin M, Wu F, Li J, Zhang G, Wu X, Bao P, Xiong L, Song W, Ba Y, Yan P, Song R, Guo X. Differential proteomics of placentas reveals metabolic disturbance and oxidative damage participate yak spontaneous miscarriage during late pregnancy. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:248. [PMID: 35761325 PMCID: PMC9235108 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03354-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High spontaneous miscarriage rate in yak, especially during late pregnancy, have caused a great economic loss to herdsmen living in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. However, the mechanism underlying spontaneous miscarriage is still poorly understood. In the present study, placenta protein markers were identified to elucidate the pathological reasons for yak spontaneous miscarriage through isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) proteomic technology and bioinformatic approaches. Results Subsequently, a total of 415 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified between aborted and normal placentas. The up-regulated DEPs in the aborted placentas were significantly associated with “spinocerebellar ataxia”, “sphingolipid signalling”, “relaxin signalling”, “protein export”, “protein digestion and absorption” and “aldosterone synthesis and secretion” pathway. While the down-regulated DEPs in the aborted placentas mainly participated in “valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation”, “PPAR signalling”, “peroxisome”, “oxidative phosphorylation”, “galactose metabolism”, “fatty acid degradation”, “cysteine and methionine metabolism” and “citrate cycle” pathway. Conclusions The results implied that the identified DEPs could be considered as placental protein markers for yak miscarriage during late pregnancy, and biomacromolecule metabolic abnormality and oxidative damage might be responsible for the high spontaneous miscarriage rate in yak. These findings provide an important theoretical basis for deciphering the pathologic mechanism of late spontaneous miscarriage in yak. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12917-022-03354-w.
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Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress Tethered to Cardiovascular Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9154295. [PMID: 35783193 PMCID: PMC9249518 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9154295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a broad term that incorporated a group of conditions that affect the blood vessels and the heart. CVD is a foremost cause of fatalities around the world. Multiple pathophysiological mechanisms are involved in CVD; however, oxidative stress plays a vital role in generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative stress occurs when the concentration of oxidants exceeds the potency of antioxidants within the body while producing reactive nitrogen species (RNS). ROS generated by oxidative stress disrupts cell signaling, DNA damage, lipids, and proteins, thereby resulting in inflammation and apoptosis. Mitochondria is the primary source of ROS production within cells. Increased ROS production reduces nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, which elevates vasoconstriction within the arteries and contributes to the development of hypertension. ROS production has also been linked to the development of atherosclerotic plaque. Antioxidants can decrease oxidative stress in the body; however, various therapeutic drugs have been designed to treat oxidative stress damage due to CVD. The present review provides a detailed narrative of the oxidative stress and ROS generation with a primary focus on the oxidative stress biomarker and its association with CVD. We have also discussed the complex relationship between inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in CVD as well as oxidative stress-induced obesity in CVD. Finally, we discussed the role of antioxidants in reducing oxidative stress in CVD.
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28
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Schmitz K, Turnwald EM, Kretschmer T, Janoschek R, Bae-Gartz I, Voßbrecher K, Kammerer MD, Köninger A, Gellhaus A, Handwerk M, Wohlfarth M, Gründemann D, Hucklenbruch-Rother E, Dötsch J, Appel S. Metformin Prevents Key Mechanisms of Obesity-Related Complications in Visceral White Adipose Tissue of Obese Pregnant Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112288. [PMID: 35684088 PMCID: PMC9182976 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the gaining prevalence of obesity, related risks during pregnancy are rising. Inflammation and oxidative stress are considered key mechanisms arising in white adipose tissue (WAT) sparking obesity-associated complications and diseases. The established anti-diabetic drug metformin reduces both on a systemic level, but only little is known about such effects on WAT. Because inhibiting these mechanisms in WAT might prevent obesity-related adverse effects, we investigated metformin treatment during pregnancy using a mouse model of diet-induced maternal obesity. After mating, obese mice were randomised to metformin administration. On gestational day G15.5, phenotypic data were collected and perigonadal WAT (pgWAT) morphology and proteome were examined. Metformin treatment reduced weight gain and visceral fat accumulation. We detected downregulation of perilipin-1 as a correlate and observed indications of recovering respiratory capacity and adipocyte metabolism under metformin treatment. By regulating four newly discovered potential adipokines (alpha-1 antitrypsin, Apoa4, Lrg1 and Selenbp1), metformin could mediate anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and oxidative stress-modulating effects on local and systemic levels. Our study provides an insight into obesity-specific proteome alterations and shows novel modulating effects of metformin in pgWAT of obese dams. Accordingly, metformin therapy appears suitable to prevent some of obesity’s key mechanisms in WAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Schmitz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
| | - Eva-Maria Turnwald
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
| | - Tobias Kretschmer
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department Environmental Immunology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ruth Janoschek
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
| | - Inga Bae-Gartz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
| | - Kathrin Voßbrecher
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
| | - Merlin D. Kammerer
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
| | - Angela Köninger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Regensburg, St. Hedwigs Clinic of the Order of St. John, Steinmetzstrasse 1-3, 93049 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Alexandra Gellhaus
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen, Germany;
| | - Marion Handwerk
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
| | - Maria Wohlfarth
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
| | - Dirk Gründemann
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Gleueler Straße 24, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Eva Hucklenbruch-Rother
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
| | - Jörg Dötsch
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
| | - Sarah Appel
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 16, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (K.S.); (E.-M.T.); (T.K.); (R.J.); (I.B.-G.); (K.V.); (M.D.K.); (M.H.); (M.W.); (E.H.-R.); (J.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-221-478-96890
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High Fat High Sucrose Diet Modifies Uterine Contractility and Cervical Resistance in Pregnant Rats: The Roles of Sex Hormones, Adipokines and Cytokines. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12060794. [PMID: 35743826 PMCID: PMC9224847 DOI: 10.3390/life12060794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In obesity, the adipose tissue becomes a very significant endocrine organ producing different factors called adipokines, such as leptin, adiponectin and kisspeptin; however, no data are available about their actions on uterine contraction in obese pregnant rats. Our aim was to study the impact of obesity on pregnant uterine contraction in a rat model. Methods: Obesity was induced by the consumption of a high fat high sucrose diet (HFHSD) for 9 weeks, including pregnancy. Glucose tolerance, sex hormone, cytokine and adipokine levels were measured. Uterine contractions and cervical resistance, as well as their responses to adipokines, were tested along with the expressions of their uterine receptors. Results: HFHSD increased body weight, and altered glucose tolerance and fat composition. The uterine leptin and kisspeptin pathway affect increased. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines were reduced, while the plasma level of progesterone was increased, resulting in weaker uterine contractions, and improving the uterine relaxing effects of adipokines. HFHSD reduced cervical resistance, but the core effect of adipokines is difficult to determine. Conclusions: Obesity in pregnant rats reduces uterine contractility and cytokine-induced inflammatory processes, and therefore obese pregnant rat methods are partially applicable for modelling human processes.
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Alyahya AM. The role of progranulin in ischemic heart disease and its related risk factors. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 175:106215. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Higgs JA, Quinn AP, Seely KD, Richards Z, Mortensen SP, Crandall CS, Brooks AE. Pathophysiological Link between Insulin Resistance and Adrenal Incidentalomas. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084340. [PMID: 35457158 PMCID: PMC9032410 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenal incidentalomas are incidentally discovered adrenal masses greater than one centimeter in diameter. An association between insulin resistance and adrenal incidentalomas has been established. However, the pathophysiological link between these two conditions remains incompletely characterized. This review examines the literature on the interrelationship between insulin resistance and adrenal masses, their subtypes, and related pathophysiology. Some studies show that functional and non-functional adrenal masses elicit systemic insulin resistance, whereas others conclude the inverse. Insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and the anabolic effects on adrenal gland tissue, which have insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptors, offer possible pathophysiological links. Conversely, autonomous adrenal cortisol secretion generates visceral fat accumulation and insulin resistance. Further investigation into the mechanisms and timing of these two pathologies as they relate to one another is needed and could be valuable in the prevention, detection, and treatment of both conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan A. Higgs
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Ivins, UT 84738, USA; (J.A.H.); (A.P.Q.); (Z.R.); (S.P.M.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Alyssa P. Quinn
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Ivins, UT 84738, USA; (J.A.H.); (A.P.Q.); (Z.R.); (S.P.M.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Kevin D. Seely
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Ivins, UT 84738, USA; (J.A.H.); (A.P.Q.); (Z.R.); (S.P.M.); (C.S.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Zeke Richards
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Ivins, UT 84738, USA; (J.A.H.); (A.P.Q.); (Z.R.); (S.P.M.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Shad P. Mortensen
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Ivins, UT 84738, USA; (J.A.H.); (A.P.Q.); (Z.R.); (S.P.M.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Cody S. Crandall
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Ivins, UT 84738, USA; (J.A.H.); (A.P.Q.); (Z.R.); (S.P.M.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Amanda E. Brooks
- Department of Research and Scholarly Activity, Rocky Vista University, Ivins, UT 84738, USA;
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Monti LD, Genzano CB, Fontana B, Galluccio E, Spadoni S, Magistro A, Bosi E, Piatti P. Association between new markers of cardiovascular risk and hepatic insulin resistance in those at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Endocrine 2022; 75:409-417. [PMID: 34546488 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02868-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM/HYPOTHESIS Hepatic insulin resistance (HIR) is considered to be an independent predictor of metabolic disorders and plays an important role in systemic inflammation, which contributes to abnormalities in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between HIR and new markers of cardiovascular risks, including leptin/adiponectin ratio (L/A), lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), at comparable whole body insulin sensitivity in non-diabetic individuals with or without CVD and at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. METHODS The HIR index, L/A, Lp(a), and TNF-α were measured in 50 participants with CVD and in 200 without CVD (1:4 ratio). These were also matched for the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and Matsuda-insulin sensitivity index (ISI) in an observational study design. RESULTS The HIR index (1.52 ± 0.14 vs. 1.45 ± 0.17, p < 0.02), L/A (3.22 ± 3.10 vs. 2.09 ± 2.27, p < 0.004), and levels of Lp(a) (66.6 ± 49.5 vs. 37.9 ± 3 6.8 mg/dL, p < 0.0001) and TNF-α (18.9 ± 21.8 vs. 5.4 ± 7.1 pg/mL, p < 0.0001) were higher in those with CVD than those without CVD. HOMA-IR and ISI were not significantly different (p = 0.88 and p = 0.35, respectively). The HIR index was directly correlated with L/A (r = 0.41, p < 0.0001), Lp(a) (r = 0.20, p < 0.002), TNF- α (r = 0.14, p < 0.03), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (r = 0.13, p < 0.03). The stepwise model analysis showed that L/A, Lp(a), and TNF-α explained about 20% of the variation in the HIR indices of all the participants (p < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATIONS Our results suggest a positive association between HIR and new markers of cardiovascular risk [L/A, Lp(a), and TNF- α] at comparable whole body insulin sensitivity in those with or without CVD and at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucilla D Monti
- Cardio-Metabolism and Clinical Trials Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, MI, Italy.
- Cardio-Diabetes and Core Lab Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan MI, Italy.
| | - Camillo Bechi Genzano
- Cardio-Metabolism and Clinical Trials Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, MI, Italy
| | - Barbara Fontana
- Cardio-Diabetes and Core Lab Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan MI, Italy
| | - Elena Galluccio
- Cardio-Diabetes and Core Lab Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan MI, Italy
| | - Serena Spadoni
- Cardio-Diabetes and Core Lab Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan MI, Italy
| | - Andrea Magistro
- Cardio-Metabolism and Clinical Trials Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, MI, Italy
| | - Emanuele Bosi
- Cardio-Metabolism and Clinical Trials Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, MI, Italy
- Cardio-Diabetes and Core Lab Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan MI, Italy
| | - Piermarco Piatti
- Cardio-Metabolism and Clinical Trials Unit, Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, MI, Italy
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Protective role of intergenerational paternal resistance training on fibrosis, inflammatory profile, and redox status in the adipose tissue of rat offspring fed with a high-fat diet. Life Sci 2022; 295:120377. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Mohammadi S, Lotfi K, Mirzaei S, Asadi A, Akhlaghi M, Saneei P. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Its Association with Metabolic Health Status in Overweight and Obese Adolescents. Int J Clin Pract 2022; 2022:9925267. [PMID: 36043034 PMCID: PMC9377836 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9925267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is becoming more prevalent around the world and greatly contributes to chronic disease progression. Previous studies have investigated individual food groups in relation to metabolic health status of adolescents, mainly in Western countries. Limited data are available on the association between dietary patterns and metabolic health in Middle East nations, where childhood overweight/obesity is increasing drastically. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between the Mediterranean diet and metabolic health status among Iranian adolescents. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 203 overweight/obese adolescents. Dietary intakes were evaluated by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric parameters and blood pressure were measured. Fasting blood samples were obtained to determine circulating insulin, glucose, and lipid profile. Two different methods were applied to classify participants as metabolically healthy obese (MHO) or unhealthy obese (MUO): International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria and IDF along with insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) criteria. RESULTS A total of 79 (38.9%) and 67 (33.0%) adolescents were, respectively, categorized as MUO, based on IDF and IDF/HOMA definitions. Considering IDF criteria, higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet was related to lower odds of being MUO, both in the crude (OR: 0.17; 95%CI: 0.08-0.37) and fully adjusted model (OR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.13-0.84). Excluding each component from the score made the association insignificant, except for two components of meat and dairy products. Based on the IDF/HOMA-IR criteria, there was no significant association between Mediterranean diet score and MUO, after considering all potential confounders (OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.17-1.30). CONCLUSIONS We found an inverse association between the Mediterranean diet and odds of MUO among Iranian adolescents, based on IDF criteria. No significant relation was found when MUO was defined based on HOMA-IR/IDF criteria. Further prospective cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobhan Mohammadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Students' Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Keyhan Lotfi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Asadi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Potentiating the Benefits of Melatonin through Chemical Functionalization: Possible Impact on Multifactorial Neurodegenerative Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111584. [PMID: 34769013 PMCID: PMC8583879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although melatonin is an astonishing molecule, it is possible that chemistry will help in the discovery of new compounds derived from it that may exceed our expectations regarding antioxidant protection and perhaps even neuroprotection. This review briefly summarizes the significant amount of data gathered to date regarding the multiple health benefits of melatonin and related compounds. This review also highlights some of the most recent directions in the discovery of multifunctional pharmaceuticals intended to act as one-molecule multiple-target drugs with potential use in multifactorial diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders. Herein, we discuss the beneficial activities of melatonin derivatives reported to date, in addition to computational strategies to rationally design new derivatives by functionalization of the melatonin molecular framework. It is hoped that this review will promote more investigations on the subject from both experimental and theoretical perspectives.
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Green Tea and Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) for the Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases (NAFLD): Insights into the Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Mechanism. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071076. [PMID: 34356308 PMCID: PMC8301033 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) represent a set of liver disorders progressing from steatosis to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, which induce huge burden to human health. Many pathophysiological factors are considered to influence NAFLD in a parallel pattern, involving insulin resistance, oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammatory cascades, fibrogenic reaction, etc. However, the underlying mechanisms, including those that induce NAFLD development, have not been fully understood. Specifically, oxidative stress, mainly mediated by excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species, has participated in the multiple NAFLD-related signaling by serving as an accelerator. Ameliorating oxidative stress and maintaining redox homeostasis may be a promising approach for the management of NAFLD. Green tea is one of the most important dietary resources of natural antioxidants, above which epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) notably contributes to its antioxidative action. Accumulative evidence from randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analysis has revealed the beneficial functions of green tea and EGCG in preventing and managing NAFLD, with acceptable safety in the patients. Abundant animal and cellular studies have demonstrated that green tea and EGCG may protect against NAFLD initiation and development by alleviating oxidative stress and the related metabolism dysfunction, inflammation, fibrosis, and tumorigenesis. The targeted signaling pathways may include, but are not limited to, NRF2, AMPK, SIRT1, NF-κB, TLR4/MYD88, TGF-β/SMAD, and PI3K/Akt/FoxO1, etc. In this review, we thoroughly discuss the oxidative stress-related mechanisms involved in NAFLD development, as well as summarize the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of green tea and EGCG against NAFLD.
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Yan B, Guo Y, Gui Y, Jiang ZS, Zheng XL. Multifunctional RNase MCPIP1 and its Role in Cardiovascular Diseases. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:3385-3405. [PMID: 33191882 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327999201113100918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 induced protein 1 (MCPIP1), one of the MCPIP family members, is characterized by the presence of both C-x8-C-x5-C-x3-H (CCCH)- type zinc finger and PilT-N-terminal domains. As a potent regulator of innate immunity, MCPIP1 exerts anti-inflammatory effects through its ribonuclease (RNase) and deubiquitinating enzyme activities to degrade cytokine mRNAs and inhibit nuclear factor- kappa B (NF-κB), respectively. MCPIP1 is expressed not only in immune cells but also in many other cell types, including cardiomyocytes, vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Increasing evidence indicates that MCPIP1 plays a role in the regulation of cardiac functions and is involved in the processes of vascular diseases, such as ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and atherosclerosis. To better understand the emerging roles of MCPIP1 in the cardiovascular system, we reviewed the current literature with respect to MCPIP1 functions and discussed its association with the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and the implication as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binjie Yan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Yanan Guo
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Physiology & Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, The University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, ABT2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Yu Gui
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Physiology & Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, The University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, ABT2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Zhi-Sheng Jiang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang City, Hunan Province 421001, China
| | - Xi-Long Zheng
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Physiology & Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, The University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive N.W., Calgary, ABT2N 4N1, Canada
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Kozakova M, Gastaldelli A, Morizzo C, Højlund K, Nilssson PM, Ferrannini E, Palombo C. Gamma-glutamyltransferase, arterial remodeling and prehypertension in a healthy population at low cardiometabolic risk. J Hum Hypertens 2021; 35:334-342. [PMID: 32350440 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-020-0337-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Plasma gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) was suggested to reflect the level of systemic oxidative stress. Oxidative stress induces changes in arterial structure and function and contributes to the development of hypertension. Therefore, GGT may be associated with arterial remodeling and blood pressure (BP) increment, even in absence of disease. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated, in 825 healthy subjects at low cardiometabolic risk, the associations of plasma GGT with carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), luminal diameter and prehypertension; in 154 subjects was evaluated also the association with aortic stiffness (cfPWV). Associations were controlled for insulin sensitivity, C-reactive protein, and life-style habits. In the main population, BP was remeasured after 3 years. Carotid diameter and cfPWV, but not IMT, were directly and independently related to plasma GGT. Subjects with prehypertension (N = 330) had higher GGT as compared with subjects with normal BP (22 [14] vs 17 [11] IU/L; adjusted P = 0.001), and within prehypertensive subjects, those who developed hypertension during 3 years had higher GGT than those without incident hypertension (27 [16] vs 21 [14] IU/L; adjusted P < 0.05). Within subjects with arterial stiffness measurement, those with prehypertension (N = 79) had higher both GGT and arterial stiffness (25 [14] vs 16 [20] IU/L and 9.11 ± 1.24 vs 7.90 ± 0.94 m/s; adjusted P < 0.01 and <0.05). In the view of previous evidence linking plasma GGT concentration to the level of systemic oxidative stress, our findings suggest a role of oxidative stress in subclinical arterial damage and in prehypertension, even in healthy subjects free of cardiometabolic risk. Arterial organ damage may represent the link between GGT and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Kozakova
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Amalia Gastaldelli
- Cardiometabolic Risk Unit, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carmela Morizzo
- Department of Surgical, Medical Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Kurt Højlund
- Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B.Winslows Vej 4, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Peter M Nilssson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Ele Ferrannini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Palombo
- Department of Surgical, Medical Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
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Oxidative Stress and Vascular Damage in the Context of Obesity: The Hidden Guest. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030406. [PMID: 33800427 PMCID: PMC7999611 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The vascular system plays a central role in the transport of cells, oxygen and nutrients between different regions of the body, depending on the needs, as well as of metabolic waste products for their elimination. While the structure of different components of the vascular system varies, these structures, especially those of main arteries and arterioles, can be affected by the presence of different cardiovascular risk factors, including obesity. This vascular remodeling is mainly characterized by a thickening of the media layer as a consequence of changes in smooth muscle cells or excessive fibrosis accumulation. These vascular changes associated with obesity can trigger functional alterations, with endothelial dysfunction and vascular stiffness being especially common features of obese vessels. These changes can also lead to impaired tissue perfusion that may affect multiple tissues and organs. In this review, we focus on the role played by perivascular adipose tissue, the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and endoplasmic reticulum stress in the vascular dysfunction associated with obesity. In addition, the participation of oxidative stress in this vascular damage, which can be produced in the perivascular adipose tissue as well as in other components of the vascular wall, is updated.
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Qin J, Xia W, Liang G, Xu S, Zhao X, Wang D, Sun X, Li Y, Liu H. Association of fine particulate matter with glucose and lipid metabolism: a longitudinal study in young adults. Occup Environ Med 2021; 78:oemed-2020-107039. [PMID: 33637624 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2020-107039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate whether PM2.5 exposure in a highly polluted area (>100 µg/m3) affects glucose and lipid metabolism in healthy adults. METHODS We recruited 110 healthy adults in Baoding city, Hebei, China, and followed them up between 2017 and 2018. Personal air samplers were used to monitor personal PM2.5 levels. Eight glucose and lipid metabolism parameters were quantified. We performed the linear mixed-effect models to investigate the relationships between PM2.5 and glucose and lipid metabolism parameters. Stratified analyses were further performed according to sex and body mass index (BMI). RESULTS The concentration of PM2.5 was the highest in spring, with a median of 232 μg/m3 and the lowest in autumn (139 μg/m3). After adjusting for potential confounders, we found that for each twofold increase in PM2.5, the median of insulin concentration decreased by 5.89% (95% CI -10.91% to -0.58%; p<0.05), and ox-LDL increased by 6.43% (95% CI 2.21% to 10.82%; p<0.05). Stratified analyses indicated that the associations were more pronounced in females, overweight and obese participants. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to high PM2.5 may have deleterious effects on glucose and lipid metabolism. Females, overweight and obese participants are more vulnerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Qin
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gaodao Liang
- Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiuge Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Danlu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Demchenko S, Yeromina H, Fedchenkova Y, Ieromina Z, Yaremenko V, Vislous O, Perekhoda L, Demchenko A. The synthesis and the antioxidant activity of 1-phenoxymethyl-4-aryl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2a,4a,8a-triazacyclopenta[cd]azulene-3-carboxylic (or carbothionic) acid derivatives. PHARMACIA 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.68.e60195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
New 1-phenoxymethyl-4-aryl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2а,4a,8a-triazacyclopenta[cd]azulene-3-carboxylic (or carbothionic) acid derivatives have been designed, synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant activity under conditions of the artificial oxidative stress using ionol, ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol as the reference drugs. It has been found that 1-phenoxymethyl-4-aryl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2а,4a,8a-triazacyclopenta[cd]azulene-3-carbothionic acid derivatives 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e, 9f, 9i and 1-phenoxymethyl-4-(41-chlorophenyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2,2a,8-triazacyclopenta[cd]azulene-3-carboxylic acid phenylamide 10 reveal a high antioxidant activity and a good in silico pharmacokinetic profile. The data obtained allowed us to select the most promising objects from the substances synthesized for further pharmacological screening for the presence of the antioxidant activity in vivo.
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Karamian M, Moossavi M, Hemmati M. From diabetes to renal aging: the therapeutic potential of adiponectin. J Physiol Biochem 2021; 77:205-214. [PMID: 33555532 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-021-00790-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, the complications related to diabetes, such as nephropathy, cardiovascular problems, and aging, are highly being considered. Renal cell aging is affected by various mechanisms of inflammation, oxidative stress, and basement membrane thickening, which are significant causes of renal dysfunction in diabetes. Due to recent studies, adiponectin plays a key role in diabetes-related kidney diseases as a fat-derived hormone. In diabetes, reduced adiponectin levels are associated to renal cell aging. Oxidative stress and related signaling pathways are the main routes in which adiponectin may be effective to decline diabetes-associated aging. Therefore, adiponectin signaling in target tissues becomes one of the research areas of interest in metabolism and clinical medicine. Studies on adiponectin signaling will increase our understanding of adiponectin role in diabetes-linked diseases as well as shortening life span conditions which may guide the design of antidiabetic and anti-aging drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Karamian
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Maryam Moossavi
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mina Hemmati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
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Kausar F, Yusuf Amin KM, Bashir S, Parvez A, Ahmad P. Concept of 'Ihtiraq' in Unani Medicine - A correlation with oxidative stress, and future prospects. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 265:113269. [PMID: 32937158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In recent years, oxidative stress (OS) and the generation of ROS have been recognized as a fundamental pathology contributing, at least partially, to a number of important diseases. However, the therapeutic application has been simplistically limited to using antioxidants with little correction of diseases, and many biomarkers of OS, although confirming and quantifying the magnitude of this pathology, are not suggestive of the underlying causes behind generation of a large amount of free radicals. Unfortunately, research has not noted the multi-implication parallel phenomenon of Ihtiraq (Combustion) in Unani Medicine, which possesses much richer etiopathological sub-typing and much more variegated selective and specific treatments (and prophylactics) corresponding to each sub-type of Ihtiraq; the identification of each sub-type's molecular counterparts can be used to develop not only sub-types of OS pathologies and corresponding selective treatments/prophylactics but also non-biomolecular factors. Eminent Unani physicians described a deteriorative phenomenon, which they termed as 'Ihtiraq' which stands for extreme metabolism or 'combustion' and is recognized as a fundamental pathology, contributing as a major factor to the development of chronic diseases. Further, Unani Medicine also possesses a pathophysiological phenomenon called 'Hararat Ghariba' (Unnatural Heat) whose diverse associations with Ihtiraq may be correlatable as upstream, parallel, or downstream associations of OS and consequent pathologies. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the study is to: 1. Explore the correlation of the phenomenon and etiopathology of Ihtiraq and OS and the treatment and prevention of the pathologies arising from them. 2. Extrapolate Ihtiraq, its types, causes, prevention, and treatment to OS, hitherto existing as a fundamental and monolithic pathology of increased ROS, to hypothesize its molecular-level sub-typing, as well as to propose selective interventions in these molecular sub-types of OS in place of the existing use of only basic antioxidants such as Vitamin C. MATERIAL AND METHODS This review is presented with a noteworthy insight into Unani concepts and a thorough study of classical Unani literature by Ibn Sina (10th century), Zakaria Razi (9th century), Ibn Rushd (12th century), Ibn al-Nafees (13th century), Majusi (10th century), and Jurjani (11th century), and comparative detailed study of modern concepts of OS from literature databases, as well as Google, recent researches, and review articles. RESULT The study showed very close correspondences between the phenomenon, etiopathology, and treatment and prevention of Ihtiraq in Unani Medicine and OS in contemporary biomolecular medicine. It also revealed sub-types of Ihtiraq and corresponding selective Unani treatments and prophylactics including drugs and non-drug factors. CONCLUSION After a comprehensive study and analysis of the most recent researches and classical theories, it can be stated that OS can be seen as a molecular level expression of Ihtiraq. Further, various components of Ihtiraq may be used to hypothesize molecular sub-types of OS and propose corresponding specific interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firdaus Kausar
- Dept. of Ilmul Advia, Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India.
| | - Kunwar Mohammad Yusuf Amin
- Philosophy-Science Forum, Dept. of Ilmul Advia, Ajmal Khan Tibbiya College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Showkeen Bashir
- Dept. of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SKAUST-K, Srinagar, India
| | - Athar Parvez
- Dept. of Ilmul Advia, Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
| | - Pervaiz Ahmad
- Dept. of Ilmul Advia, Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, India
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Mohaqiq Z, Moossavi M, Hemmati M, Kazemi T, Mehrpour O. Antioxidant Properties of Saffron Stigma and Petals: A Potential Therapeutic Approach for Insulin Resistance through an Insulin-Sensitizing Adipocytokine in High-Calorie Diet Rats. Int J Prev Med 2021; 11:184. [PMID: 33456740 PMCID: PMC7804872 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_275_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress and alteration of lipid profile due to obesity and overweight is a major risk factor for atherosclerotic plaque or coronary artery disease. Because of antioxidant and lipid lowering potential of saffron, this study investigated weight alteration, lipid profiles, and insulin resistance index in high-calorie diet rats treated with aqueous extract of saffron stigma and petal. Methods: Forty Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into 8 groups including healthy control, high-fat diet control, nicotinic acid treated, Anethum graveolens treated, and saffron stigma and petal treated groups. Rats received a high-calorie diet for 16 weeks. For treatment, aqueous extract of saffron stigma (40 and 80 mg/kg) and petal (50 and 100 mg/kg) was used once daily for 4 weeks. Afterward, lipid profile, oxidative stress status, and insulin and adiponectin levels were measured using desired kits. Results: There was a significant decrease in the mean weight of the groups receiving saffron stigma and petal compared to control group (P < 0.05). The increased level of insulin hormone in obese group was improved in treated groups especially in the case of saffron stigma. Also, the decreased level of adiponectin was recovered in treated groups. An improvement was seen in oxidative stress markers and lipid profiles in treated groups compared to obesity pair. Conclusions: In this study, a remarkable antioxidant and lipid lowering potential was detected for saffron stigma, which could improve insulin resistance in obese rats. Therapeutic and protective effect of saffron is mainly related to its richness in phenolic compounds. Saffron stigma compared with petal had more notable effect, which could and should be mentioned in pharmaceutical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zabihullah Mohaqiq
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Maryam Moossavi
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mina Hemmati
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Tooba Kazemi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Omid Mehrpour
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Moallem Avenue, Birjand, Iran
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Targeting Autophagy to Counteract Obesity-Associated Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010102. [PMID: 33445755 PMCID: PMC7828170 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) operate as key regulators of cellular homeostasis within a physiological range of concentrations, yet they turn into cytotoxic entities when their levels exceed a threshold limit. Accordingly, ROS are an important etiological cue for obesity, which in turn represents a major risk factor for multiple diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and cancer. Therefore, the implementation of novel therapeutic strategies to improve the obese phenotype by targeting oxidative stress is of great interest for the scientific community. To this end, it is of high importance to shed light on the mechanisms through which cells curtail ROS production or limit their toxic effects, in order to harness them in anti-obesity therapy. In this review, we specifically discuss the role of autophagy in redox biology, focusing on its implication in the pathogenesis of obesity. Because autophagy is specifically triggered in response to redox imbalance as a quintessential cytoprotective mechanism, maneuvers based on the activation of autophagy hold promises of efficacy for the prevention and treatment of obesity and obesity-related morbidities.
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Cheng J, Zhang M, Cheng S, Li F, Zhang B, Sun X, Hu H, Chen L, Zhao Z, Hu H, Zhang Z. Low-dose alcohol ameliorated high fat diet-induced anxiety-related behavior via enhancing adiponectin expression and activating the Nrf2 pathway. Food Funct 2021; 12:241-251. [PMID: 33295905 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02704a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Long-term high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity is associated with many comorbidities, such as cognitive impairment and anxiety, which are increasing public health burdens that have gained prevalence in adolescents. Although low-dose alcohol could attenuate the risk of cardiovascular disease, its mechanism on HFD-induced anxiety-related behavior remains not clear. The mice were divided into 4 groups, Control (Con), Alcohol (Alc), HFD and HFD + Alc groups. To verify the effects of low-dose alcohol on HFD-induced anxiety-related behavior, the mice were fed with HFD for 16 weeks. At the beginning of week 13, the HFD-fed mice were administered intragastrically with low-dose alcohol (0.8 g kg-1) for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks of oral administration, low-dose alcohol decreased body weight and Lee's index in HFD-induced obese mice. Moreover, low-dose alcohol alleviated the anxiety-related behaviors of obese mice in the open field test and the elevated plus maze test. The HFD-induced damage to the hippocampus was improved in hematoxylin-eosin staining assay in mice. In addition, low-dose alcohol also suppressed HFD-induced oxidative stress and increased HFD-suppressed adiponectin (APN) expression and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation in the hippocampus. Taken together, low-dose alcohol significantly ameliorates HFD-induced obesity, oxidative stress and anxiety-related behavior in mice, which might be related to APN upregulation, Nrf2 activation and related antioxidase expression including SOD1, HO-1, and catalase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
| | - Shaoli Cheng
- Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Fan Li
- Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Bingyi Zhang
- Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Huijuan Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
| | - Lina Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China. and Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Zhenghang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China. and Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China. and Basic Medical Experiment Teaching Center, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China and Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Zhanqin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology & Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Bagnato G, Pigatto E, Bitto A, Pizzino G, Irrera N, Abignano G, Ferrera A, Sciortino D, Wilson M, Squadrito F, Buch MH, Emery P, Zanatta E, Gangemi S, Saitta A, Cozzi F, Roberts WN, Del Galdo F. The PREdictor of MAlnutrition in Systemic Sclerosis (PREMASS) Score: A Combined Index to Predict 12 Months Onset of Malnutrition in Systemic Sclerosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:651748. [PMID: 33816531 PMCID: PMC8010181 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.651748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Malnutrition is a severe complication in Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) and it is associated with significant mortality. Notwithstanding, there is no defined screening or clinical pathway for patients, which is hampering effective management and limiting the opportunity for early intervention. Here we aim to identify a combined index predictive of malnutrition at 12 months using clinical data and specific serum adipokines. Methods: This was an international, multicentre observational study involving 159 SSc patients in two independent discovery (n = 98) and validation (n = 61) cohorts. Besides routine clinical and serum data at baseline and 12 months, Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) score and serum concentration of leptin and adiponectin were measured for each participant at baseline. The endpoint of malnutrition was defined according to European Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) recommendation. Significant parameters from univariate analysis were tested in logistic regression analysis to identify the predictive index of malnutrition in the derivation cohort. Results: The onset of malnutrition at 12 months correlated with adiponectin, leptin and their ratio (A/L), MUST, clinical subset, disease duration, Scl70 and Forced Vital Capaciy (FVC). Logistic regression analysis defined the formula: -2.13 + (A/L*0.45) + (Scl70*0.28) as the best PREdictor of MAlnutrition in SSc (PREMASS) (AUC = 0.96; 95% CI 0.93, 0.99). PREMASS < -1.46 had a positive predictive value (PPV) > 62% and negative predictive value (NPV) > 97% for malnutrition at 12 months. Conclusion: PREMASS is a feasible index which has shown very good performance in two independent cohorts for predicting malnutrition at 12 months in SSc. The implementation of PREMASS could aid both in clinical management and clinical trial stratification/enrichment to target malnutrition in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Bagnato
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds Teaching Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Trust and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Erika Pigatto
- Department of Medicine, Villa Salus Hospital, Venice, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bitto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Gabriele Pizzino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Abignano
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds Teaching Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Trust and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- Rheumatology Institute of Lucania (IReL), Rheumatology Department of Lucania, San Carlo Hospital of Potenza and Madonna delle Grazie Hospital of Matera, Potenza, Italy
| | - Antonino Ferrera
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds Teaching Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Trust and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Davide Sciortino
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds Teaching Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Trust and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle Wilson
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds Teaching Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Trust and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maya H Buch
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Emery
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds Teaching Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Trust and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonino Saitta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Franco Cozzi
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Del Galdo
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Leeds Teaching Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Trust and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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Medina ME, Meza‐Menchaca T, Trigos Á. Insight on the pro‐oxidant capability of amphotericin B in lipid media: A theoretical study. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel E. Medina
- Centro de Investigación en Micología Aplicada Universidad Veracruzana Médicos 4, Unidad del Bosque Xalapa Veracruz 91010 México
| | - Thuluz Meza‐Menchaca
- Facultad de Medicina, Laboratorio de Genómica Humana Universidad Veracruzana Médicos y Odontólogos, Unidad del Bosque Xalapa Veracruz 91010 México
| | - Ángel Trigos
- Centro de Investigación en Micología Aplicada Universidad Veracruzana Médicos 4, Unidad del Bosque Xalapa Veracruz 91010 México
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Wan L, Lu J, Huang J, Huo Y, Jiang S, Guo C. Association Between Peripheral Adiponectin and Lipids Levels and the Therapeutic Response to Donepezil Treatment in Han Chinese Patients With Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:532386. [PMID: 33061904 PMCID: PMC7518373 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.532386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) including donepezil (DNP) are considered to be the most promising therapeutic possibilities of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The response to DNP in AD patients varies and it is valuable to identify the potential markers that can predict the efficacy. Moreover, DNP has been found to affect bone function, but the exact mechanism is still unclear. Lipids and adipokine may link to AD and DNP directly or indirectly and might be potential biomarkers or therapeutic drug targets. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationships among adiponectin (APN), lipids levels, and the response to DNP, and to identify whether the effect of DNP in AD treatment is related to its effect on the level of APN in systemic circulation. The study recruited 85 AD patients with DNP treatment, of whom 47 were DNP responders and 38 were DNP nonresponders. The Mini-Mental State Examination was performed to evaluate the memory impairment. Plasma APN was measured with ELISA. The genotypes of single nucleotide polymorphisms rs1501299 and rs22417661 in APN for each patient were identified. Plasma lipids were quantified with gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Correlations among APN, lipid metabolomics, and DNP responded were evaluated. APN was significantly decreased in DNP responders. Methyl stearate and glycerol-3-phosphate, used for characterizing adipogenic differentiation, were significantly decreased in DNP responders compared to DNP nonresponders. APN and small-molecule lipids can be used as potential biomarkers to evaluate the efficacy of DNP. The results of metabolomics indicated that there was no change in the metabolic pathway of fatty acid metabolism and glucose metabolism in DNP responders, suggesting that APN-related biological function did not decrease in DNP responders. Our result suggests that more attention should be pay to the sources and biological functions of APN in AD with DNP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinlu Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Huo
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Cheng Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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50
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Tanaka M, Kanazashi M, Kondo H, Ishihara A, Fujino H. Licorice flavonoid oil supplementation promotes a reduction of visceral fat in exercised rats. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2020; 61:480-488. [PMID: 33000933 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.11260-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The beneficial effect of exercise combined with licorice flavonoid oil supplementation on visceral fat was investigated. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: control, exercise (Ex), control with licorice flavonoid oil supplementation (LFO), and exercise with licorice flavonoid oil supplementation (ExLFO) groups. The rats in the Ex and ExLFO groups ran on a treadmill (20-degree incline at 20 m/min for 30 min/day) 5 times a week for 7 weeks, and those in the LFO and ExLFO groups were orally administered with licorice flavonoid oil daily using a feeding needle. RESULTS Exercise or licorice flavonoid oil supplementation resulted in the reduction of the visceral fat mass and adipocyte size, respectively. In addition, exercise combined with licorice flavonoid oil supplementation more effectively decreased both measures. Exercise alone increased the β-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (β-HAD) and citrate synthase (CS) activities in the soleus and plantaris muscles, and licorice flavonoid oil supplementation alone increased the hepatic carnitine palmitoyl transferase-2 (CPT-2) activity. Furthermore, the combination of exercise and licorice flavonoid oil supplementation enhanced the both muscular β-HAD and CS activities, and hepatic CPT-2 activity. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that exercise combined with licorice flavonoid oil supplementation may be effective to decrease visceral adipose tissue via enhancing skeletomuscular and hepatic fatty acids oxidative capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Tanaka
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Okayama Healthcare Professional University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Miho Kanazashi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Mihara, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Kondo
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Nagoya Women's University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ishihara
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Life Science, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hidemi Fujino
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan -
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