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Alfaqih MA, Ababneh E, Mhedat K, Allouh MZ. Vitamin D Reduces the Activity of Adenosine Deaminase and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Type Two Diabetes Mellitus. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300870. [PMID: 38816753 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have lower levels of vitamin D. An elevation in uric acid (UA) contributes to T2DM via an increase in oxidative stress. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is an enzyme of the purine degradation pathway. It is hypothesized that a reduction of ADA activity via vitamin D supplementation reduces UA and oxidative stress. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 162 participants (81 with T2DM and 81 controls) are enrolled in a case-control study. A follow-up interventional study is performed on 30 patients with vitamin D deficiency. These patients receive 50 000 IU (international units) of vitamin D3 on a weekly basis for 12 weeks. This intervention is followed by the measurement of several markers. T2DM patients has higher ADA activity, UA, and lipid peroxidation but lower 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25 (OH) vitamin D) and GSH/GSSG ratio (p < 0.05). Vitamin D supplementation results in a reduction of ADA activity and UA levels (p < 0.05) along with an increase in GSH/GSSG ratio (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The results highlight the presence of an axis in T2DM patients between ADA, UA, and oxidative stress. Modulation of this axis can be achieved by clinically approved vitamin D supplementation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Alfaqih
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, 15503, Bahrain
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Ebaa Ababneh
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Khawla Mhedat
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Z Allouh
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates
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2
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Zhou Z, Zhang L, Wei X, Wang A, Hu Y, Xiao M, Zheng Y. 1,25(OH) 2D 3 inhibits pancreatic stellate cells activation and promotes insulin secretion in T2DM. Endocrine 2024:10.1007/s12020-024-03833-0. [PMID: 38656750 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03833-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect and mechanism of 1,25(OH)2D3 on pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS A mouse model of T2DM was successfully established by high-fat diet (HFD) /streptozotocin (STZ) and administered 1,25(OH)2D3 for 3 weeks. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin A1c (GHbA1c), insulin (INS) and glucose tolerance were measured. Histopathology changes and fibrosis of pancreas were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson staining. Mouse PSCs were extracted, co-cultured with mouse insulinoma β cells (MIN6 cells) and treated with 1,25(OH)2D3. ELISA detection of inflammatory factor expression. Tissue reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were also measured. Immunofluorescence or Western blotting were used to measure fibrosis and inflammation-related protein expression. RESULTS PSCs activation and islets fibrosis in T2DM mice. Elevated blood glucose was accompanied by significant increases in serum inflammatory cytokines and tissue ROS levels. 1,25(OH)2D3 attenuated islet fibrosis by reducing hyperglycemia, ROS levels, and inflammatory factors expression. Additionally, the co-culture system confirmed that 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibited PSCs activation, reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, down-regulated the expression of fibrosis and inflammation-related proteins, and promoted insulin secretion. CONCLUSION Our findings identify that PSCs activation contributes to islet fibrosis and β-cell dysfunction. 1,25(OH)2D3 exerts beneficial effects on T2DM potentially by inhibiting PSCs activation and inflammatory response, highlighting promising control strategies of T2DM by vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Zhou
- Laboratory Animal Center of Suzhou Medical college, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Lewen Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center of Suzhou Medical college, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xun Wei
- Center of Laboratory Animal, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aiqing Wang
- Suzhou Medical college of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yudie Hu
- Laboratory Animal Center of Suzhou Medical college, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Min Xiao
- Laboratory Animal Center of Suzhou Medical college, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuxuan Zheng
- Laboratory Animal Center of Suzhou Medical college, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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3
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Daley DK, Myrie SB. Diabetes and vitamin D: The effect of insulin sensitivity and gut microbial health. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2024; 109:160-184. [PMID: 38777412 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Current global estimation suggests that about 10% of adults worldwide have diabetes, thus, various strategies are needed to address the issue, including dietary factors such as vitamin D. Various studies have suggested an inverse associations between vitamin D and the risks and pathogenesis of all forms of diabetes (type 1, type 2 and gestational diabetes). The underlying mechanism is not fully understood; however, the expression of vitamin D receptors in pancreatic beta cells suggests an important physiological role for vitamin D in beta cell function. Vitamin D deficiency may impair blood glucose control and decrease insulin sensitivity by reducing insulin secretion from beta cells. Many studies suggest that vitamin D intervention may be beneficial; however, there is inconclusive evidence of the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation on reducing the risks or managing the pathogenesis of all forms of diabetes. Part of the pathogenesis of vitamin D for reducing diabetes is thought to be related to its impact on gut microbiota profile, via the suggested prebiotic properties of vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise K Daley
- Department of Biology, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS, Canada; The College of Health Sciences, University of Technology, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Semone B Myrie
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Richardson Centre for Food Technology and Research, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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4
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Liu Q, Ma L, Chen F, Zhang S, Huang Z, Zheng X, Chen Z, Ye J, Hou N, Yi W, Zhou Z. Raloxifene-driven benzothiophene derivatives: Discovery, structural refinement, and biological evaluation as potent PPARγ modulators based on drug repurposing. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 269:116325. [PMID: 38527378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
By virtue of the drug repurposing strategy, the anti-osteoporosis drug raloxifene was identified as a novel PPARγ ligand through structure-based virtual high throughput screening (SB-VHTS) of FDA-approved drugs and TR-FRET competitive binding assay. Subsequent structural refinement of raloxifene led to the synthesis of a benzothiophene derivative, YGL-12. This compound exhibited potent PPARγ modulation with partial agonism, uniquely promoting adiponectin expression and inhibiting PPARγ Ser273 phosphorylation by CDK5 without inducing the expression of adipongenesis associated genes, including PPARγ, aP2, CD36, FASN and C/EBPα. This specific activity profile resulted in effective hypoglycemic properties, avoiding major TZD-related adverse effects like weight gain and hepatomegaly, which were demonstrated in db/db mice. Molecular docking studies showed that YGL-12 established additional hydrogen bonds with Ile281 and enhanced hydrogen-bond interaction with Ser289 as well as PPARγ Ser273 phosphorylation-related residues Ser342 and Glu343. These findings suggested YGL-12 as a promising T2DM therapeutic candidate, thereby providing a molecular framework for the development of novel PPARγ modulators with an enhanced therapeutic index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingmei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Lei Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Fangyuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Shuyun Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Zexin Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Xiufen Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Zikai Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Junwei Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Ning Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China.
| | - Wei Yi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China.
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China.
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5
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Napiórkowska-Baran K, Treichel P, Czarnowska M, Drozd M, Koperska K, Węglarz A, Schmidt O, Darwish S, Szymczak B, Bartuzi Z. Immunomodulation through Nutrition Should Be a Key Trend in Type 2 Diabetes Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3769. [PMID: 38612580 PMCID: PMC11011461 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
An organism's ability to function properly depends not solely on its diet but also on the intake of nutrients and non-nutritive bioactive compounds that exert immunomodulatory effects. This principle applies both to healthy individuals and, in particular, to those with concomitant chronic conditions, such as type 2 diabetes. However, the current food industry and the widespread use of highly processed foods often lead to nutritional deficiencies. Numerous studies have confirmed the occurrence of immune system dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes. This article elucidates the impact of specific nutrients on the immune system function, which maintains homeostasis of the organism, with a particular emphasis on type 2 diabetes. The role of macronutrients, micronutrients, vitamins, and selected substances, such as omega-3 fatty acids, coenzyme Q10, and alpha-lipoic acid, was taken into consideration, which outlined the minimum range of tests that ought to be performed on patients in order to either directly or indirectly determine the severity of malnutrition in this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Napiórkowska-Baran
- Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Paweł Treichel
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (K.K.); (A.W.); (O.S.); (S.D.); (B.S.)
| | - Marta Czarnowska
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (K.K.); (A.W.); (O.S.); (S.D.); (B.S.)
| | - Magdalena Drozd
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (K.K.); (A.W.); (O.S.); (S.D.); (B.S.)
| | - Kinga Koperska
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (K.K.); (A.W.); (O.S.); (S.D.); (B.S.)
| | - Agata Węglarz
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (K.K.); (A.W.); (O.S.); (S.D.); (B.S.)
| | - Oskar Schmidt
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (K.K.); (A.W.); (O.S.); (S.D.); (B.S.)
| | - Samira Darwish
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (K.K.); (A.W.); (O.S.); (S.D.); (B.S.)
| | - Bartłomiej Szymczak
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (P.T.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (K.K.); (A.W.); (O.S.); (S.D.); (B.S.)
| | - Zbigniew Bartuzi
- Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Toruń, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
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6
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Sun X, Yang X, Zhu X, Ma Y, Li X, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Fan C, Zhang M, Xu B, Xu Y, Gao X, Dong J, Xia M, Bian H. Association of vitamin D deficiency and subclinical diabetic peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes patients. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1354511. [PMID: 38590822 PMCID: PMC10999604 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1354511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) contributes to disability and imposes heavy burdens, while subclinical DPN is lack of attention so far. We aimed to investigate the relationship between vitamin D and distinct subtypes of subclinical DPN in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. Methods This cross-sectional study included 3629 T2DM inpatients who undertook nerve conduction study to detect subclinical DPN in Zhongshan Hospital between March 2012 and December 2019. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level < 50 nmol/L. Results 1620 (44.6%) patients had subclinical DPN and they were further divided into subgroups: distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSPN) (n=685), mononeuropathy (n=679) and radiculopathy (n=256). Compared with non-DPN, DPN group had significantly lower level of 25(OH)D (P < 0.05). In DPN subtypes, only DSPN patients had significantly lower levels of 25(OH)D (36.18 ± 19.47 vs. 41.03 ± 18.47 nmol/L, P < 0.001) and higher proportion of vitamin D deficiency (78.54% vs. 72.18%, P < 0.001) than non-DPN. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with the increased prevalence of subclinical DPN [odds ratio (OR) 1.276, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.086-1.501, P = 0.003] and DSPN [OR 1. 646, 95% CI 1.31-2.078, P < 0.001], independent of sex, age, weight, blood pressure, glycosylated hemoglobin, T2DM duration, calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, lipids and renal function. The association between vitamin D deficiency and mononeuropathy or radiculopathy was not statistically significant. A negative linear association was observed between 25(OH)D and subclinical DSPN. Vitamin D deficiency maintained its significant association with subclinical DSPN in all age groups. Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency was independently associated with subclinical DSPN, rather than other DPN subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Ma
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Li
- Institute of Metabolism &Integrative Biology (IMIB), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiling Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenmin Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Binger Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanlan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jihong Dong
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingfeng Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Bian
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Valer-Martinez A, Sayon-Orea C, Martinez JA, Basterra-Gortari FJ, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, Bes-Rastrollo M. Vitamin D and risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the SUN project: a prospective cohort study. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02324-3. [PMID: 38459212 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02324-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with multiple chronic diseases, including metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of the study was to analyze the association between validated predicted serum vitamin D status and the risk of developing T2D in a large prospective cohort based on a Mediterranean population. METHODS The SUN project is a prospective and dynamic Spanish cohort that gathers university graduates who have answered lifestyle questionnaires, including a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. The association between predicted serum vitamin D and the risk of T2D was assessed through Cox regression models according to quartiles (Q) of predicted vitamin D at baseline. The models were adjusted for potential confounders and sensitivity analyses were performed to ensure the robustness of our findings. RESULTS Our study included a total of 18,594 participants and after a total follow-up of 238,078 person-years (median follow-up of 13.5 years), 209 individuals were diagnosed with incident T2D. We found a significant inverse association between predicted levels of serum vitamin D and the risk of developing T2D, after adjusting for potential confounders and performing different sensitivity analyses (hazard ratio Q4 vs. Q1: 0.48, 95% CI 0.26-0.88; p for trend = 0.032). CONCLUSION The outcomes suggest that higher levels of vitamin D at baseline may be associated with a reduced risk of developing T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Valer-Martinez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Family Medicine, Aragon Health Service (SALUD), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - C Sayon-Orea
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- IdiSNa, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Universidad de Navarra, C/Irunlarrea, 1 (Ed. Investigación), 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - J A Martinez
- Institute IMDEA Food, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology/Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - F J Basterra-Gortari
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- IdiSNa, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Universidad de Navarra, C/Irunlarrea, 1 (Ed. Investigación), 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - M A Martinez-Gonzalez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- IdiSNa, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Universidad de Navarra, C/Irunlarrea, 1 (Ed. Investigación), 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Bes-Rastrollo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- IdiSNa, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Universidad de Navarra, C/Irunlarrea, 1 (Ed. Investigación), 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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8
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Guo J, He Q, Li Y. Machine learning-based prediction of vitamin D deficiency: NHANES 2001-2018. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1327058. [PMID: 38449846 PMCID: PMC10916299 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1327058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency is strongly associated with the development of several diseases. In the current context of a global pandemic of vitamin D deficiency, it is critical to identify people at high risk of vitamin D deficiency. There are no prediction tools for predicting the risk of vitamin D deficiency in the general community population, and this study aims to use machine learning to predict the risk of vitamin D deficiency using data that can be obtained through simple interviews in the community. Methods The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2018 dataset is used for the analysis which is randomly divided into training and validation sets in the ratio of 70:30. GBM, LR, NNet, RF, SVM, XGBoost methods are used to construct the models and their performance is evaluated. The best performed model was interpreted using the SHAP value and further development of the online web calculator. Results There were 62,919 participants enrolled in the study, and all participants included in the study were 2 years old and above, of which 20,204 (32.1%) participants had vitamin D deficiency. The models constructed by each method were evaluated using AUC as the primary evaluation statistic and ACC, PPV, NPV, SEN, SPE, F1 score, MCC, Kappa, and Brier score as secondary evaluation statistics. Finally, the XGBoost-based model has the best and near-perfect performance. The summary plot of SHAP values shows that the top three important features for this model are race, age, and BMI. An online web calculator based on this model can easily and quickly predict the risk of vitamin D deficiency. Conclusion In this study, the XGBoost-based prediction tool performs flawlessly and is highly accurate in predicting the risk of vitamin D deficiency in community populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qionghan He
- Department of Infection, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yehai Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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9
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Liu Z, Sun H, Chen Y, He J, Zhu L, Yang B, Zhao W. High glucose-induced injury in human umbilical vein endothelial cells is alleviated by vitamin D supplementation through downregulation of TIPE1. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:18. [PMID: 38216955 PMCID: PMC10787437 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01264-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) and its associated vascular complications have become a worldwide health concern. The effects and mechanism of vitamin D supplementation on endothelial function under high glucose condition remain elusive. METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with 35 mM glucose, then 100 nM vitamin D were added. Transwell migration assay, CCK-8, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, autophagy flux and transmission electric microscope were performed. RESULTS Vitamin D reduced apoptosis, promoted migration and enhanced viability of HUVECs, decreased TIPE1 (Tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein 8-like 1) under high glucose conditions. Overexpression of TIPE1 reverses the effects of vitamin D by increasing ROS production, inflammation, cell apoptosis, and suppressing autophagy, cell migration and viability. And vitamin D negatively correlated with TIPE1 mRNA level in DM patients. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D reverses the harmful effects of high glucose on HUVECs by reducing TIPE1 expression. And vitamin D supplementation could help to alleviate high glucose-induced injury in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with microvascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoujun Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Suzhou Wuzhong People's Hospital, 61 Dongwu North Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China.
| | - Haogang Sun
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Endocrine Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia He
- Department of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Suzhou Wuzhong People's Hospital, 61 Dongwu North Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
| | - Bing Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Suzhou Wuzhong People's Hospital, 61 Dongwu North Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
| | - Wenzhuo Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
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Dinesh S, Sharma S, Chourasiya R. Therapeutic Applications of Plant and Nutraceutical-Based Compounds for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e050523216593. [PMID: 37151065 DOI: 10.2174/1573399819666230505140206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a condition caused by a deficiency in insulin production or sensitivity that is defined by persistent hyperglycemia as well as disturbances in glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism. Uncurbed diabetes or incessant hyperglycemic condition can lead to severe complications, including renal damage, visual impairment, cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, etc., which promotes diabetes-associated morbidity and mortality rates. The therapeutic management of diabetes includes conventional medications and nutraceuticals as complementary therapies. Nutraceuticals are bioactive compounds derived from food sources that have health-promoting properties and are instrumental in the management and treatment of various maladies. Nutraceuticals are clinically exploited to tackle DM pathogenesis, and the clinical evidence suggests that nutraceuticals can modulate biochemical parameters related to diabetes pathogenesis and comorbidities. Hypoglycemic medicines are designed to mitigate DM in traditional medicinal practice. This review intends to emphasize and comment on the various therapeutic strategies available to manage this chronic condition, conventional drugs, and the potential role of nutraceuticals in managing the complexity of the disease and reducing the risk of complications. In contrast to conventional antihyperglycemic drugs, nutraceutical supplements offer a higher efficacy and lesser adverse effects. To substantiate the efficacy and safety of various functional foods in conjunction with conventional hypoglycemic medicines, additional data from clinical studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susha Dinesh
- Department of Bioinformatics, BioNome, Bengaluru, 560043, India
| | - Sameer Sharma
- Department of Bioinformatics, BioNome, Bengaluru, 560043, India
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11
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Hassan AB, Al-Dosky AHA. Vitamin D status and its association with inflammatory markers among Kurdish type 2 diabetic patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Steroids 2023; 199:109289. [PMID: 37572783 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Several clinical studies have shown an association between vitamin D deficiency and painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). However, it is still unclear whether vitamin D status and inflammatory markers correlate in patients with painful DPN. In this context, we aimed to investigate the associations between serum vitamin D levels and inflammatory status in Kurdish type 2 diabetes patients (T2DM) with painful DPN and without painful DPN. A clinical case-control study was conducted on 86 Kurdish patients with T2DM. The patients were divided into two groups: the case group consisted of 45 patients with painful DPN and the control group consisted of 41 age- and sex-matched diabetics without DPN. In T2DM patients with and without painful DPN, the prevalence of severe vitamin D deficiency was observed in 46.67% and 21.95% of the patients, respectively (p = 0.0283). The mean serum 25(OH)-vitamin D level in patients with painful DPN (mean = 12.00, SD = 5.78) was significantly lower than in patients without DPN (mean = 16.36, SD = 7.86; p = 0.0041). Regression analysis revealed that vitamin D deficiency (p = 0.0120) and higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (p = 0.00003) were identified as predictive risk factors for painful DPN. However, there was no significant association between inflammatory status and vitamin D levels. The duration of sun exposure was the only controlling factor for vitamin D in painful DPN patients. In the Kurdish population, lower vitamin D and high HbA1c levels were predictive factors for painful DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Bapeer Hassan
- Basic Medical Sciences Unit, College of Nursing, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraqi Kurdistan.
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12
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Zha K, Wang N, Zhou Y, Ying R, Gu T, Zhao Y, Guo H, An Z, Lu Y. Novel Associations of Dyslipidaemia with Vitamin D and Bone Metabolism in Elderly Patients with Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:2939-2950. [PMID: 37771466 PMCID: PMC10522462 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s423287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Little is known about whether diabetic dyslipidaemia contributes to increased bone fragility in patients with diabetes. This study aimed to explore the potential effects of dyslipidaemia on vitamin D and bone metabolism in elderly subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods A total of 1479 male patients and 1356 female patients 50 years or older with T2D were included in Shanghai, China. Lipid profiles, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), serum procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), β-C-terminal telopeptide (β-CTX) and other parameters were measured. Principal component regression (PCR) and mediation analysis were used to estimate the associations of lipid profile, 25(OH)D and bone turnover levels. Results Female patients presented with higher blood lipids, lower 25(OH)D, and higher P1NP and β-CTX levels than male patients with T2D. TC was associated with P1NP in males and females (β=0.056, P<0.05; β=0.095, P<0.01, respectively), and 25(OH)D fully mediated the associations in males and mediated approximately 17.89% of the effects in females. LDL-C was associated with P1NP in males and females (β=0.072 and 0.105 respectively, all P<0.01), and 25(OH)D mediated the relationships approximately 20.83% in males and 14.29% in females. TG was negatively associated with P1NP (in males, β= -0.063, P<0.05; in females, β= -0.100, P<0.01) and β-CTX (in males, β= -0.108; in females, β= -0.128, all P<0.01) independent of 25(OH)D, while HDL-C was not associated with P1NP or β-CTX in diabetic patients. Conclusion Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridaemia might affect bone metabolism by distinguishing pathways in diabetes patients. Ameliorating lipid control in elderly diabetes patients, especially female patients, will benefit both vitamin D and bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexi Zha
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch of Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ningjian Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch of Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch of Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Ying
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch of Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Gu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch of Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch of Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch of Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zengmei An
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch of Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingli Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch of Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Shi L, Wang J, He C, Huang Y, Fu W, Zhang H, An Y, Wang M, Shan Z, Li H, Lv Y, Wang C, Cheng L, Dai H, Duan Y, Zhao H, Zhao B. Identifying potential therapeutic targets of mulberry leaf extract for the treatment of type 2 diabetes: a TMT-based quantitative proteomic analysis. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:308. [PMID: 37667364 PMCID: PMC10476348 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04140-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf, as a medicinal and food homologous traditional Chinese medicine, has a clear therapeutic effect on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), yet its underlying mechanisms have not been totally clarified. The study aimed to explore the mechanism of mulberry leaf in the treatment of T2DM through tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics analysis of skeletal muscle. METHODS The anti-diabetic activity of mulberry leaf extract (MLE) was evaluated by using streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats at a dose of 4.0 g crude drug /kg p.o. daily for 8 weeks. Fasting blood glucose, body weight, food and water intake were monitored at specific intervals, and oral glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test were conducted at the 7th and 8th week respectively. At the end of the experiment, levels of glycated hemoglobin A1c, insulin, free fat acid, leptin, adiponectin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were assessed and the pathological changes of rat skeletal muscle were observed by HE staining. TMT-based quantitative proteomic analysis of skeletal muscle and bioinformatics analysis were performed and differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were validated by western blot. The interactions between the components of MLE and DEPs were further assessed using molecular docking. RESULTS After 8 weeks of MLE intervention, the clinical indications of T2DM such as body weight, food and water intake of rats were improved to a certain extent, while insulin sensitivity was increased and glycemic control was improved. Serum lipid profiles were significantly reduced, and the skeletal muscle fiber gap and atrophy were alleviated. Proteomic analysis of skeletal muscle showed that MLE treatment reversed 19 DEPs in T2DM rats, regulated cholesterol metabolism, fat digestion and absorption, vitamin digestion and absorption and ferroptosis signaling pathways. Key differential proteins Apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA1) and ApoA4 were successfully validated by western blot and exhibited strong binding activity to the MLE's ingredients. CONCLUSIONS This study first provided skeletal muscle proteomic changes in T2DM rats before and after MLE treatment, which may help us understand the molecular mechanisms, and provide a foundation for developing potential therapeutic targets of anti-T2DM of MLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Shi
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
- Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingkang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Changhao He
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Yan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Wanxin Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Huilin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Yongcheng An
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Menglu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Ziyi Shan
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Huimin Li
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Yinglan Lv
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Hongyu Dai
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Yuhui Duan
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Hongbin Zhao
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Baosheng Zhao
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Tomasiuk JM, Nowakowska-Płaza A, Wisłowska M, Głuszko P. Osteoporosis and diabetes - possible links and diagnostic difficulties. Reumatologia 2023; 61:294-304. [PMID: 37745139 PMCID: PMC10515121 DOI: 10.5114/reum/170048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives In this review, the authors aimed to clarify the relationship between the occurrence of osteoporosis and diabetes, analyze the differences between the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in different types of diabetes and propose the most effective diagnostic strategy and fracture risk assessment in diabetic patients. Material and methods A analysis of publications in MEDLINE, COCHRANE and SCOPUS databases was performed, searching for reports on the diagnostics, fracture risk assessment, prevention, and treatment of osteoporosis in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) published in the years 2016-2022. The key words for the search were: diabetes, osteoporosis, and low-energy fracture. Results Bone complications of T1DM are more severe than T2DM, because of the lack of anabolic effect of insulin on bones. In T2DM the risk of fractures is elevated; however, identifying the mechanisms underlying the increased risk of fractures in T2DM is not clear. The FRAX tool is not appropriate for assessing the fracture risk in young patients with T1DM. It is quite useful in older patients with T2DM, but in these patients the calculated fracture risk may be underestimated. In T2DM the fracture risk often does not correspond to BMD value as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Diagnostic tools such as the trabecular bone score may play a significant role in this group of patients. Conclusions: Optimal strategies to identify and treat high risk individuals require further research and proper definition. The diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis should be clearly defined as well as fracture risk assessment and choice of anti-osteoporotic medication. In all cases of secondary osteoporosis, treatment of the underlying disease is the most important. The relationship between high risk of fractures and diabetes is inseparable, and its full understanding seems to be the key to effective management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Magdalena Tomasiuk
- Department of Rheumatology, National Institute of Geriatric, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Nowakowska-Płaza
- Department of Rheumatology, National Institute of Geriatric, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wisłowska
- Department of Rheumatology, National Institute of Geriatric, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Głuszko
- Department of Rheumatology, National Institute of Geriatric, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
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de Oliveira E Silva Ullmann T, Ramalho BJ, Laurindo LF, Tofano RJ, Rubira CJ, Guiguer EL, Barbalho SM, Flato UAP, Sloan KP, Araujo AC. Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation in Diabetic Kidney Disease: An Systematic Review. J Ren Nutr 2023; 33:618-628. [PMID: 37302723 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus is a highly prevalent condition in which Diabetes Mellitus type 2 is the most common. Diabetic Kidney Disease is one of the most relevant complications and affects approximately one-third of patients with Diabetes Mellitus. It is characterized by increased urinary protein excretion and a decrease in glomerular filtration rate, assessed by serum creatinine levels. Recent studies have shown that vitamin D levels are low in these patients. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of the effects of vitamin D supplementation on proteinuria and creatinine, which are important markers for assessing the severity of kidney disease in patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease. PUBMED, EMBASE, and COCHRANE databases were consulted, Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines were followed, and the COCHRANE toll for bias assessment was applied. Six papers were quantitative studies and fulfilled the inclusion criteria for this review. The results showed that vitamin D supplementation of 50,000 I.U./week for 8 weeks effectively reduced proteinuria and creatinine in patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease, particularly in patients with Diabetes Mellitus type 2. Vitamin D supplementation is beneficial for patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease by having essential effects on disease-related inflammatory markers, such as the reduction of proteinuria and creatinine. However, more clinical trials must be conducted to evaluate the intervention among more significant numbers of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais de Oliveira E Silva Ullmann
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Marília, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Beneficente Unimar - University of Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ricardo José Tofano
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Marília, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Beneficente Unimar - University of Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudio José Rubira
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Marília, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Beneficente Unimar - University of Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elen Landgraf Guiguer
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Marília, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, School of Food and Technology of Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Marília, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, School of Food and Technology of Marília, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Uri Adrian Prync Flato
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Marília, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Beneficente Unimar - University of Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Adriano Cressoni Araujo
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
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16
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Marcotte-Chénard A, Oliveira B, Little JP, Candow DG. Sarcopenia and type 2 diabetes: Pathophysiology and potential therapeutic lifestyle interventions. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2023; 17:102835. [PMID: 37542749 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Sarcopenia generally refers to the age-related reduction in muscle strength, functional ability, and muscle mass. Sarcopenia is a multifactorial condition associated with poor glucose disposal, insulin resistance, and subsequently type 2 diabetes (T2D). The pathophysiological connection between sarcopenia and T2D is complex but likely involves glycemic control, inflammation, oxidative stress, and adiposity. METHODS AND RESULTS Resistance exercise and aerobic training are two lifestyle interventions that may improve glycemic control in older adults with T2D and counteract sarcopenia. Further, there is evidence that dietary protein, Omega-3 fatty acids, creatine monohydrate, and Vitamin D hold potential to augment some of these benefits from exercise. CONCLUSIONS The purpose of this narrative review is: (1) discuss the pathophysiological link between age-related sarcopenia and T2D, and (2) discuss lifestyle interventions involving physical activity and nutrition that may counteract sarcopenia and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Marcotte-Chénard
- Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Barbara Oliveira
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Jonathan P Little
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Darren G Candow
- Faculty of Kinesiology & Health Studies, University of Regina, Saskatchewan, S4S 0A2, Canada.
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Lei X, Zhou Q, Wang Y, Fu S, Li Z, Chen Q. Serum and supplemental vitamin D levels and insulin resistance in T2DM populations: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12343. [PMID: 37524765 PMCID: PMC10390579 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39469-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Observational studies have shown a negative correlation between Vitamin D level and the likelihood of developing insulin resistance (IR) and/or diabetes over time, yet evidence remains inconsistent. In this meta-analysis and systematic review, we strive to define the potential association between serum or supplemental Vitamin D Levels and insulin resistance respectively, as well as the contribution of Vitamin D to type 2 diabetes, and to summarize the biologic plausibility of Vitamin D. Four databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) were searched for this Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to find appropriate observational studies and clinical trials published in English through to July 2022. EndNote (version X9) is used to manage the literature search results. We calculated Standard Mean Differences (SMDs) and Risk Ratios (RRs) with their 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs), separately, for continuous and dichotomous outcomes. The correlation coefficients were normalized to z values through Fisher's z-transformation to calculate the relevant statistics. Meta-analyses were carried out for all comparisons, based on a random-effects pooling model. Data analysis was performed using RevMan (version 5.3) and STATA (version 15.1). All statistical tests were two-sided, with P < 0.05 were regarded as significant. In our current meta-analysis, there are 18 RCTs and 20 observational studies including 1243 and 11,063 participants respectively. In the overall analysis, the diabetic with Vitamin D supplement treatment group showed significantly improve serum insulin (SMD = - 0.265, 95% CI - 0.394 to - 0.136, P < 0.05), glucose (SMD = - 0.17, 95% CI - 0.301to - 0.039, P < 0.05) and HOMA-IR (SMD = - 0.441, 95% CI - 0.582 to - 0.3, P < 0.05) compared with the routine treatment group. Correlation analysis results showed that all three outcomes were significantly correlated in a negative manner with raised Vitamin D (insulin: r = - 0.08 95% = - 0.12 to - 0.04; glucose: r = - 0.06 95% = - 0.11 to - 0.01; HOMA-IR: r = - 0.08 95% = - 0.09 to - 0.06). Results of overall analysis proved that vitamin D has shown significant effect on regulates insulin resistance, and there is a significant inverse association between serum Vitamin D level and IR. Vitamin D supplementation is expected to be integrated into conventional medical approaches to prevent type 2 diabetes and to mitigate the burden of diabetes for individuals and society.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022348295.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Lei
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanmei Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Shunlian Fu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Zinan Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiu Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Province, No. 39, Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, People's Republic of China.
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Wang Y, Li H, Yu XH, Tang CK. CTRP1: A novel player in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Cytokine 2023; 164:156162. [PMID: 36812667 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a series of diseases induced by inflammation and lipid metabolism disorders, among others. Metabolic diseases can cause inflammation and abnormal lipid metabolism. C1q/TNF-related proteins 1 (CTRP1) is a paralog of adiponectin that belongs to the CTRP subfamily. CTRP1 is expressed and secreted in adipocytes, macrophages, cardiomyocytes, and other cells. It promotes lipid and glucose metabolism but has bidirectional effects on the regulation of inflammation. Inflammation can also inversely stimulate CTRP1 production. A vicious circle may exist between the two. This article introduces CTRP1 from the structure, expression, and different roles of CTRP1 in CVDs and metabolic diseases, to summarize the role of CTRP1 pleiotropy. Moreover, the proteins which may interact with CTRP1 are predicted through GeneCards and STRING, speculating their effects, to provide new ideas for the study of CTRP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic disease, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Heng Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic disease, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Yu
- Institute of clinical medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 460106, China
| | - Chao-Ke Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic disease, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
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Nemeth Z, Patonai A, Simon-Szabó L, Takács I. Interplay of Vitamin D and SIRT1 in Tissue-Specific Metabolism-Potential Roles in Prevention and Treatment of Non-Communicable Diseases Including Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076154. [PMID: 37047134 PMCID: PMC10094444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases, including obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer, is increasing as a requirement of the aging population in developed countries and the sustainability of healthcare. Similarly, the 2013-2030 action plan of the WHO for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases seeks these achievements. Adequate lifestyle changes, alone or with the necessary treatments, could reduce the risk of mortality or the deterioration of quality of life. In our recent work, we summarized the role of two central factors, i.e., appropriate levels of vitamin D and SIRT1, which are connected to adequate lifestyles with beneficial effects on the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases. Both of these factors have received increased attention in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic as they both take part in regulation of the main metabolic processes, i.e., lipid/glucose/energy homeostasis, oxidative stress, redox balance, and cell fate, as well as in the healthy regulation of the immune system. Vitamin D and SIRT1 have direct and indirect influence of the regulation of transcription and epigenetic changes and are related to cytoplasmic signaling pathways such as PLC/DAG/IP3/PKC/MAPK, MEK/Erk, insulin/mTOR/cell growth, proliferation; leptin/PI3K-Akt-mTORC1, Akt/NFĸB/COX-2, NFĸB/TNFα, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, and AMPK/PGC-1α/GLUT4, among others. Through their proper regulation, they maintain normal body weight, lipid profile, insulin secretion and sensitivity, balance between the pro- and anti-inflammatory processes under normal conditions and infections, maintain endothelial health; balance cell differentiation, proliferation, and fate; and balance the circadian rhythm of the cellular metabolism. The role of these two molecules is interconnected in the molecular network, and they regulate each other in several layers of the homeostasis of energy and the cellular metabolism. Both have a central role in the maintenance of healthy and balanced immune regulation and redox reactions; therefore, they could constitute promising targets either for prevention or as complementary therapies to achieve a better quality of life, at any age, for healthy people and patients under chronic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Nemeth
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Koranyi S. u 2/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Patonai
- Department of Surgery, Transplantation and Gastroenterology, Semmelweis University, Ulloi u. 78, 1082 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laura Simon-Szabó
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Tuzolto u. 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Takács
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Koranyi S. u 2/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
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Design, synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, single crystal X-ray analysis, in vitro α-amylase inhibition assay, DPPH free radical evaluation and computational studies of naphtho[2,3-d]imidazole-4,9-dione appended 1,2,3-triazoles. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 250:115230. [PMID: 36863227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
In our quest to design and develop N/O-containing inhibitors of α-amylase, we have tried to synergize the inhibitory action of 1,4-naphthoquinone, imidazole and 1,2,3-triazole motifs by incorporating these structures into a single matrix. For this, a series of novel naphtho[2,3-d]imidazole-4,9-dione appended 1,2,3-triazoles is synthesized by a sequential approach involving [3 + 2] cycloaddition of 2-aryl-1-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)-1H-naphtho[2,3-d]imidazole-4,9-diones with substituted azides. The chemical structures of all the compounds are established with the help of 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR, IR, mass and X-ray studies. The developed molecular hybrids are screened for their inhibitory action on the α-amylase enzyme using the reference drug, acarbose. Different substituents present on the attached aryl part of the target compounds show amazing variations in inhibitory action against the α-amylase enzyme. Based on the type of substituents and their respective positions, it is observed that compounds containing -OCH3 and -NO2 groups show more inhibition potential than others. All the tested derivatives display α-amylase inhibitory activity with IC50 values in the range of 17.83 ± 0.14 to 26.00 ± 0.17 μg/mL. Compound 2-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-1-{[1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]methyl}-1H-naphtho[2,3-d]imidazole-4,9-dione (10y) show maximum inhibition of amylase activity with IC50 value 17.83 ± 0.14 μg/mL as compared to reference drug acarbose (18.81 ± 0.05 μg/mL). A molecular docking study of the most active derivative (10y) is performed with A. oryzae α-amylase (PDB ID: 7TAA) and it unveils favourable binding interactions within the active site of the receptor molecule. The dynamic studies reveal that the receptor-ligand complex is stable as the RMSD of less than 2 is observed in 100 ns molecular dynamic simulation. Also, the designed derivatives are assayed for their DPPH free radical scavenging ability and all of them exhibit comparable radical scavenging activity with the standard, BHT. Further, to assess their drug-likeness properties, ADME properties are also evaluated and all of them demonstrate worthy in silico ADME results.
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Tang X, Wang Y, Simó R, Stehouwer CDA, Zhou JB. The Association Between Diabetes Duration and Domain-Specific Cognitive Impairment: A Population-Based Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 91:1435-1446. [PMID: 36641674 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a risk factor for cognitive impairment, and disease duration is associated with geriatric decline and functional disabilities. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the association of diabetes duration with domain-specific cognitive impairment in elderly. METHODS A total of 3,142 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from the period between 2011 and 2014 were included. We assessed cognitive function using the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), the CERAD Word Learning (CERAD-WL) test, the CERAD Delayed Recall (CERAD-DR) test and animal fluency (AF) test. RESULTS After adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education level, and annual household income, we found that diabetes with a duration longer than 20 years were at 3.32-fold increased risk of DSST impairment (OR = 3.32, 95% CI: 1.95 to 5.67), 1.72-fold increased risk of CERAD-WL impairment (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.13 to 2.62), and 1.76-fold increased risk of AF impairment (OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.23 to 2.53), compared with those with no diabetes. Associations were generally stronger in women than in men. Participants with diabetes, who were diagnosed at 50-59 years old were at increased risk of DSST impairment, CERAD-WL impairment, CERAD-DR impairment, and AF impairment per 5 years longer duration of diabetes. CONCLUSION Longer diabetes duration was associated with the increased risk of cognitive impairment, especially in processing speed and attention. The presence of chronic kidney disease was associated with the increased risk of DSST impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyao Tang
- Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Department, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rafael Simó
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Coen D A Stehouwer
- Department of Internal Medicine and CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jian-Bo Zhou
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Department, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Huang HY, Lin TW, Hong ZX, Lim LM. Vitamin D and Diabetic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043751. [PMID: 36835159 PMCID: PMC9960850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a hormone involved in many physiological processes. Its active form, 1,25(OH)2D3, modulates serum calcium-phosphate homeostasis and skeletal homeostasis. A growing body of evidence has demonstrated the renoprotective effects of vitamin D. Vitamin D modulates endothelial function, is associated with podocyte preservation, regulates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and has anti-inflammatory effects. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of end-stage kidney disease worldwide. There are numerous studies supporting vitamin D as a renoprotector, potentially delaying the onset of DKD. This review summarizes the findings of current research on vitamin D and its role in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Yin Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Wei Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Xuan Hong
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Moay Lim
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-3121101-7351; Fax: +886-7-3228721
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Wu Y, Zeng Y, Zhang Q, Xiao X. The Role of Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency in Offspring Obesity: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030533. [PMID: 36771240 PMCID: PMC9919568 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, vitamin D (VD) deficiency during pregnancy is widespread globally, causing unfavorable pregnancy outcomes for both mothers and infants for a longer time than expected, based on the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) theory. As VD plays a key role in maintaining normal glucose and lipid metabolism, maternal VD deficiency may lead to obesity and other obesity-related diseases among offspring later in life. This review mainly focuses on the effect of maternal VD deficiency on offspring lipid metabolism, reviewing previous clinical and animal studies to determine the effects of maternal VD deficit on offspring obesity and potential mechanisms involved in the progression of offspring obesity. Emerging clinical evidence shows that a low VD level may lead to abnormal growth (either growth restriction or largeness for gestational age) and lipid and glucose metabolism disorders in offspring. Here, we also outline the link between maternal VD deficiency and life-long offspring effects, including the disorder of adipogenesis, the secretion of adipocytokines (including leptin, resistin, and adiponectin), activated systemic inflammation, increased oxidative reactions in adipose tissue, insulin resistance, and abnormal intestinal gut microbiota. Thus, there is an urgent need to take active steps to address maternal VD deficiency to relieve the global burden of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (X.X.); Tel./Fax: +86-10-69155073 (Q.Z. & X.X.)
| | - Xinhua Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, The Translational Medicine Center of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (X.X.); Tel./Fax: +86-10-69155073 (Q.Z. & X.X.)
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Abruzzese GA, Velazquez ME, Cerrone GE, Motta AB. Polycystic ovary syndrome in Latin American populations: What is known and what remains unresolved. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 225:106195. [PMID: 36183993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2022.106195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the main endocrine and reproductive disorders affecting women in their reproductive age. The syndrome is considered a multifactorial pathology. Therefore, genetic susceptibility and environmental factors contribute to PCOS development and phenotypic manifestation. Ethnicity and socioeconomic factors influence the development of PCOS and could affect the possibility of its diagnosis. Latin America is a unique case of study because of the heterogeneity within the region, complex socioeconomic status, and the mixed ancestry found in these populations. Up-to-date, most studies have focused on developed countries' populations, and there is a lack of evidence regarding Latin-American countries. We propose to review the state of the art of PCOS knowledge regarding Latin American populations, including the metabolic and reproductive aspects of the syndrome and the different influencing factors, and suggest future directions to deepen the study of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle Adriana Abruzzese
- Laboratorio de Fisio-Patología Ovárica, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Mariela Edith Velazquez
- Laboratorio de Fisio-Patología Ovárica, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gloria Edith Cerrone
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología, Biotecnología y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Laboratorio de Diabetes y Metabolismo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia Beatriz Motta
- Laboratorio de Fisio-Patología Ovárica, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Šarac I, Djekić-Ivanković M, Debeljak-Martačić J. Editorial: The role of vitamin D in metabolic and cardiovascular health. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1193758. [PMID: 37168055 PMCID: PMC10165735 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1193758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Šarac
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- *Correspondence: Ivana Šarac
| | | | - Jasmina Debeljak-Martačić
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Ma L, Chen X, Gao M. Analysis on the Risk Factors of Malnutrition in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:7555-7564. [PMID: 36575673 PMCID: PMC9790157 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s381392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the risk factors of malnutrition in type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB-T2DM) patients and further to provide a clinical research basis for the identification and prevention of malnutrition. Methods From January 2020 to February 2022, 307 adult patients diagnosed with PTB-T2DM were enrolled in this retrospective study. According to whether malnutrition occurred after 6 months of treatment, patients were divided into malnutrition group (n = 123) and non-malnutrition group (n = 184). The nutritional status of patients was evaluated according to the Micro-Nutrition Assessment Scale (MNA). Evaluation of indicators was performed, including general information, disease characteristics of PTB-T2DM and laboratory indicators. Results Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that drinking, divorced, BMI <18.5kg/m2, weight <45kg, waist circumference <79cm, hip circumference <88cm, waist-to-hip ratio <69.99, calf circumference <26kg, grip strength <28kg, NRS score ≥3, Hb <106g/L, Alb <29.00g/L, PA <48.00μmol/L, GHB <3.40%, serum transferrin <1.37 mmol/L, serum potassium <3.18mmol/L, serum sodium <142.95 mmol/L, FEV1 ≥67.90% and RV <2.89% were risk factors for malnutrition in PTB-T2DM patients (all P < 0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that drinking, divorced, weight <45kg, BMI <18.5kg/m2, NRS score ≥3, Hb <106g/L, Alb <29.00g/L, PA <48.00μmol/L, serum transferrin <1.37mmol/L, FEV1 ≥67.90% and RV <2.89% were independent risk factors for malnutrition in PTB-T2DM patients (all P < 0.05). Conclusion Drinking, divorced, weight <45kg, BMI <18.5kg/m2, NRS score ≥3, Hb <106g/L, Alb <29.00g/L, PA <48.00μmol/L, serum transferrin <1.37mmol/L, FEV1 ≥67.90% and RV <2.89% may be independent risk factors for malnutrition in PTB-T2DM patients, and timely identification of high-risk groups could improve the prognosis of PTB-T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Ma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, 100095, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Liangliang Ma, Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, No. 118 Wenquan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100095, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-18610672953, Email
| | - Xuelin Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, 100095, People’s Republic of China
| | - Maolong Gao
- Department of Science and Technology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, 100095, People’s Republic of China
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Chai X, Jin Y, Wei Y, Yang R. The effect of vitamin D supplementation on glycemic status and C-reactive protein levels in type 2 diabetic patients with ischemic heart disease: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32254. [PMID: 36626510 PMCID: PMC9750511 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D might be beneficial in diabetic patients with ischemic heart disease through its favorable effect on metabolic profiles and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress. We performed a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis to assess whether vitamin D supplementation could improve glucose control and inflammation in type 2 diabetic patients with ischemic heart disease. METHODS The proposed systematic review and meta-analysis will conform to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols. Seven electronic databases including Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Wanfang Data, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane Library were searched in October 2022 by 2 independent reviewers. The risk of bias assessment of the included studies was assessed using the tool recommended in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions (version 5.1.0). Data analysis was performed with Review Manager Software (RevMan Version 5.4, The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark). RESULTS This study will provide a high-quality synthesis to assess the effectiveness and safety of vitamin D supplementation on type 2 diabetic patients with ischemic heart disease. CONCLUSION This systematic review may lead to several recommendations, for both patients and researchers, as which is the best therapy for type 2 diabetic patients with ischemic heart disease and how future studies need to be designed, considering what is available now and what is the reality of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuxia Chai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhangye People’s Hospital Affiliated to Hexi University, Gansu, China
| | - Yonghe Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhangye People’s Hospital Affiliated to Hexi University, Gansu, China
| | - Yongmei Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhangye People’s Hospital Affiliated to Hexi University, Gansu, China
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhangye People’s Hospital Affiliated to Hexi University, Gansu, China
- * Correspondence: Rong Yang, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhangye People’s Hospital Affiliated to Hexi University, Gansu 734000, China (e-mail: )
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Sadana P, Edler M, Aghayev M, Arias-Alvarado A, Cohn E, Ilchenko S, Piontkivska H, Pillai JA, Kashyap S, Kasumov T. Metabolic labeling unveils alterations in the turnover of HDL-associated proteins during diabetes progression in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 323:E480-E491. [PMID: 36223521 PMCID: PMC9722254 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00158.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Several aspects of diabetes pathophysiology and complications result from hyperglycemia-induced alterations in the structure and function of plasma proteins. Furthermore, insulin has a significant influence on protein metabolism by affecting both the synthesis and degradation of proteins in various tissues. To understand the role of progressive hyperglycemia on plasma proteins, in this study, we measured the turnover rates of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated proteins in control (chow diet), prediabetic [a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 wk] or diabetic [HFD for 8 wk with low-dose streptozotocin (HFD + STZ) in weeks 5-8 of HFD] C57BL/6J mice using heavy water (2H2O)-based metabolic labeling approach. Compared with control mice, HFD and HFD + STZ mice showed elevations of fasting plasma glucose levels in the prediabetic and diabetic range, respectively. Furthermore, the HFD and HFD + STZ mice showed increased hepatic triglyceride (TG) levels, total plasma cholesterol, and plasma TGs. The kinetics of 40 proteins were quantified using the proteome dynamics method, which revealed an increase in the fractional synthesis rate (FSR) of HDL-associated proteins in the prediabetic mice compared with control mice, and a decrease in FSR in the diabetic mice. The pathway analysis revealed that proteins with altered turnover rates were involved in acute-phase response, lipid metabolism, and coagulation. In conclusion, prediabetes and diabetes have distinct effects on the turnover rates of HDL proteins. These findings suggest that an early dysregulation of the HDL proteome dynamics can provide mechanistic insights into the changes in protein levels in these conditions.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study is the first to examine the role of gradual hyperglycemia during diabetes disease progression on HDL-associated protein dynamics in the prediabetes and diabetic mice. Our results show that the fractional synthesis rate of HDL-associated proteins increased in the prediabetic mice whereas it decreased in the diabetic mice compared with control mice. These kinetic changes can help to elucidate the mechanism of altered protein levels and HDL dysfunction during diabetes disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabodh Sadana
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Melissa Edler
- Department of Anthropology, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio
| | - Mirjavid Aghayev
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Andrea Arias-Alvarado
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Emilie Cohn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Serguei Ilchenko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - Helen Piontkivska
- Department of Biological Sciences, and Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio
| | - Jagan A Pillai
- Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Takhar Kasumov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
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Xu Z, Xu J, Li S, Cui H, Zhang G, Ni X, Wang J. S-Equol enhances osteoblastic bone formation and prevents bone loss through OPG/RANKL via the PI3K/Akt pathway in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Front Nutr 2022; 9:986192. [PMID: 36337646 PMCID: PMC9633996 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.986192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore whether S-Equol delays diabetes-induced osteoporosis and the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects. Materials and methods Thirty-five male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomized into five groups. The diabetic osteoporosis (DOP) group and three S-Equol treatment groups were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (STZ) to develop a DOP model. After the 12-week intervention, bone transformation indicators were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit; bone mineral density (BMD) and bone microstructure were obtained using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and microCT; morphological changes in the bone tissue were investigated using HE staining; bone morphogenetic proteins were detected using immunohistochemical staining. ROS17/2.8 cells were cultured in vitro, and Cell Counting Kit-8 was used to test the protective effects of S-Equol in osteoblastic cells in a high-fat and high-glucose environment. Furthermore, the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), estrogen receptor β(ERβ), phosphorylated Akt (pAKT)/protein kinase B (AKT), and osteocalcin (OC) in bone tissue and ROS17/2.8 cells was assessed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting. To determine whether ERβ and phosphatidylinositol 3’ -kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathways are involved in the process, LY294002 (PI3K signaling pathway inhibitor) and small interfering RNA targeting ERβ mRNA (si-ERβ) were used to verify the function of the ERβ-mediated PI3K/AKT pathway in this process. Results After the 12-week intervention, S-Equol enhanced BMD, improved bone microarchitecture in DOP rats (P < 0.05), and improved markers of bone metabolism (P < 0.05). In vitro, 10–6 mmol/L S-Equol was selected to significantly protect osteoblasts from high- and high-glucose environments (P < 0.05). Gene expression of OPG, ERβ, pAKT/AKT, and OC was upregulated compared to the DOP group, and RANKL was downregulated compared to the DOP group (P < 0.05) both in bone tissue and osteoblastic cells. The promotion of OPG and pAKT/AKT is mediated by LY294002 and siERβ. Conclusion S-Equol binds to ERβ to regulate OPG/RANKL via the PI3K/AKT pathway and improve DOP. Our results demonstrate the potential role of S-Equol in the treatment of DOP by targeting ERβ. Thus, S-Equol may have the potential to be an adjuvant drug for treating DOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Xu
- Department of Nutrition, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Nutrition, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hanqiang Cui
- Department of Nutrition, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Guiming Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangmin Ni
- Department of Nutrition, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Xiangmin Ni,
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Wang,
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Hypovitaminosis D in patients with type 2 diabetes: risk factors and association with glycemic control and established microvascular complications. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS MÉDICAS 2022; 79:235-240. [PMID: 36149074 PMCID: PMC9590833 DOI: 10.31053/1853.0605.v79.n3.35158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several studies reported than vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of macrovascular and microvascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We investigated the plasma levels of 25OHD in adult patients T2DM, risk factors for 25OHD deficiency and the relationship between 25OHD, glycemic control and chronic complications of T2DM. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out, in which 25OHD levels were evaluated in adult patients (over 18 years) with T2DM. Correlation analyses were performed to evaluate the interdependence of the 25OHD with other continuous variables. A receiver operating characteristic analysis was also performed to identify cutoff values for diagnosing vitamin D deficiency. Logistic regression was performed to identify the independent association between vitamin D deficiency and the variables associated with lower 25OHD. RESULTS 208 patients were analyzed. The mean age of the patients was 62 years. The 25OHD level was 19 ng/ml (IQR 13.28-24.43), 59.78% had vitamin D deficiency, and 10.33% had severe deficiency. Glycemia, HbA1c, and BMI were negatively correlated with 25OHD. Cutoff point for vitamin D deficiency was 33.39 kg/m2 for body mass index (BMI), 123 mg/dl for glycemia, and 6.65% for HbA1c. In multivariate logistic regression, BMI>33.39 kg/m2, glycemia >123.5 mg/dl, and albuminuria presented higher odds of vitamin D deficiency. CONCLUSION Vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent among patients with T2DM. Low levels were related to higher fasting plasma glucose, higher BMI, and diabetic nephropathy.
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Fu L, Zhang G, Qian S, Zhang Q, Tan M. Associations between dietary fiber intake and cardiovascular risk factors: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr 2022; 9:972399. [PMID: 36172520 PMCID: PMC9511151 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.972399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although several meta-analyses have revealed the beneficial effects of dietary fiber intake on human health, some have reported inconsistent findings. The purpose of this work was to perform an umbrella meta-analysis to evaluate the relevant evidence and elucidate the effect of dietary fiber intake on glycemic control, lipid profiles, systematic inflammation, and blood pressure. Eligible studies were searched in several electronic databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library, up to March 2022. A total of 52 meta-analyses involving 47,197 subjects were identified to assess the pooled effect size. Overall, higher dietary fiber intake was significantly associated with reductions in parameters involving glycemic control, including fasting plasma glucose (ES = -0.55, 95% CI: -0.73, -0.38, P < 0.001), fasting plasma insulin (ES = -1.22, 95% CI: -1.63, -0.82, P < 0.001), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (ES = -0.43, 95% CI: -0.60, -0.27, P < 0.001), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (ES = -0.38, 95% CI: -0.50, -0.26, P < 0.001). In terms of lipid profiles, higher dietary fiber intake was associated with significant reductions in the serum level of total cholesterol (ES = -0.28, 95% CI: -0.39, -0.16, P < 0.001) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ES = -0.25, 95% CI: -0.34, -0.16, P < 0.001), but not triglycerides (ES = -0.001, 95% CI: -0.006, 0.004, P = 0.759) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ES = -0.002, 95% CI: -0.004, 0.000, P = 0.087). Higher dietary fiber intake was also significantly associated with improved tumor necrosis factor-alpha serum levels (ES = -0.78, 95% CI: -1.39, -0.16, P = 0.013), while no significant effect was observed for C-reactive protein (ES = -0.14, 95% CI: -0.33, 0.05, P = 0.156). Finally, blood pressure was also significantly improved following higher dietary fiber intake (systolic blood pressure: ES = -1.72, 95% CI: -2.13, -1.30, P < 0.001; diastolic blood pressure: ES = -0.67, 95% CI: -0.96, -0.37, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that the study population and type of dietary fiber could be partial sources of heterogeneity. In conclusion, the present umbrella meta-analysis provides evidence for the role of dietary fiber supplementation in the improvement of established cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mingming Tan
- Department of Quality Management, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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Associations of Serum Total 25OHD, 25OHD3, and epi-25OHD3 with Insulin Resistance: Cross-Sectional Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011–2016. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173526. [PMID: 36079784 PMCID: PMC9459885 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D may have a role in insulin sensitivity. However, the data on the association between various metabolites of Vitamin D and insulin-related parameters have been limited. Methods: We identified 6026 adults aged 20–80 years who participated in the 2011–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Serum total 25OHD, 25OHD3, and epi-25OHD3, fasting glucose, insulin, and HOMA2-IR were obtained from the NHANES data. The association between serum Vitamin D-related values and insulin resistance was analyzed using a generalized linear model. For risk analysis, multifactorial logistic regression was used. Results: The median total 25-hydroxyvitamin D level, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 level, and 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 level were 62.5 nmol/L, 58.8 nmol/L, and 3.3 nmol/L, respectively. After adjustment for sex, age, race, ethnicity, and education status, the ORs for the insulin resistance of participants of total 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, and 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 were 0.32 (95% CI 0.24, 0.43), 0.34 (95% CI 0.26, 0.44), and 0.64 (95% CI 0.53, 0.77), respectively. After an adjustment for body mass index, diabetes, and drinking and smoking, the ORs for the insulin resistance of the participants for total 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, and 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 were 0.56 (95% CI 0.40, 0.78), 0.63 (95% CI 0.46, 0.85), and 0.99 (95% CI 0.80, 1.24), respectively. Conclusions: Our study provides suggestive evidence for the association between Vitamin D concentrations and a lower risk of insulin resistance. Evidence from larger and more adequately powered cohort studies is needed to confirm our results.
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The Efficacy and Safety of Dingkun Pill in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8698755. [PMID: 36062168 PMCID: PMC9433272 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8698755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Dingkun Pill (DKP) is a proprietary Chinese medicine that has been utilized for patients with gynecological diseases, and its clinical application has been widely accepted in China. However, the effects of DKP on reproduction and metabolism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have never been systematically evaluated. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DKP in treating reproductive and metabolic abnormalities with PCOS. Methods. We searched in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, VIP Database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database up until January 2022 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The methodological quality of the included RCTs was estimated using the Cochrane collaboration risk-of-bias instrument, and the meta-analysis was performed using RevMan. Results. A total of 22 RCTs (including 1994 participants) were identified. DKP, combined with ovulation-inducing drugs (OID) or combined oral contraceptives (COC) was superior to OID or COC alone in improving the pregnancy rate (relative risk (RR) 1.84, 95% CI 1.62 to 2.11 and RR 1.38, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.64, respectively), ovulation rate (RR 1.38, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.84 and RR 1.23, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.37, respectively), endometrial thickness (weighted mean difference (WMD) 2.50, 95% CI 1.91 to 3.09 and WMD 0.62, 95% CI 0.08 to 1.16, respectively), luteinizing hormone (WMD −1.93, 95% CI −2.80 to−.07 and WMD −1.79, 95% CI −2.66 to−0.92, respectively), and testosterone (standardized mean difference (SMD) −2.12, 95% CI −3.01 to−1.24 and SMD −1.21, 95% CI −1.64 to−0.78, respectively). DKP combined with COC led to a greater improvement in homeostasis model assessment-β (WMD 20.42, 95% CI 16.85 to 23.98) when compared with COC alone. There was a significant difference between DKP and COC in terms of decreasing total cholesterol (WMD −0.37, 95% CI −0.72 to−0.02), triacylglycerol (WMD −0.85, 95% CI −1.50 to−0.20), and free fatty acid (WMD −130.00, 95% CI −217.56 to−42.22). However, DKP did not affect the follicle stimulating hormone, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Adverse reactions were more common in COC alone compared to DKP and COC in combination (RR 0.22, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.63). Conclusion. DKP shows promise in modifying reproductive and metabolic parameters in patients with PCOS and may be used as a primary choice in conventional or complementary therapies for PCOS. The quality of the evidence analyzed was suboptimal, and therefore, our results should be interpreted cautiously. More prospective large-scale and well-designed RCTs, as well as longer intervention durations are required in the future to draw more reliable conclusions.
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Kauser H, Palakeel JJ, Ali M, Chaduvula P, Chhabra S, Lamsal Lamichhane S, Ramesh V, Opara CO, Khan FY, Kabiraj G, Mohammed L. Factors Showing the Growing Relation Between Vitamin D, Metabolic Syndrome, and Obesity in the Adult Population: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e27335. [PMID: 36043008 PMCID: PMC9411819 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Several theories suggest an inverse association between increasing adiposity, particularly abdominal fat, and low vitamin D levels. As a result, several routes are likely to impact how vitamin D, obesity, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) interact. This systematic study followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) standards. A comprehensive PubMed, PubMed Central, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect database search was conducted for published papers over the previous five years. Studies were identified using the following criteria 1) participants, interventions, and outcomes (PIO) components, 2) free full text, 3) studies published in English, and 4) human studies, including systematic and narrative reviews and cross-sectional, observational studies, were among the inclusion and exclusion criteria. In total, 151 articles were returned, and 16 duplicates were rejected. After verifying the titles and abstracts of these records using the review's PIO components and eligibility criteria, 17 received a 70% or above score. On review of the literature, the release of adiponectin from fatty tissues was inversely correlated with body weight and BMI suggesting a link between vitamin D deficiency and insulin resistance.
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Shoemaker ME, Huynh LM, Smith CM, Mustad VA, Duarte MO, Cramer JT. Immunomodulatory Effects of Vitamin D and Prevention of Respiratory Tract Infections and COVID-19. TOP CLIN NUTR 2022; 37:203-217. [PMID: 35761885 PMCID: PMC9222791 DOI: 10.1097/tin.0000000000000284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about potential protective factors for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), referred to as COVID-19. Suboptimal vitamin D status is a risk factor for immune dysfunction, respiratory tract infections (RTIs), and viral infections. Supplementation of vitamin D (2000-4000 IU) has decreased incidence and complications from RTIs, respiratory distress syndrome, and pneumonia and may be beneficial in high-risk populations. Given the possible link between low vitamin D status and RTIs, such as COVID-19, this review examined whether vitamin D supplementation can be supported as a nutritional strategy for reducing risk of infection, complications, and mortality from COVID-19 and found that the relationship between vitamin D and RTIs warrants further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marni E. Shoemaker
- College of Health Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso (Drs Shoemaker and Cramer); University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Ms Huynh); Departments of Kinesiology (Dr Smith) and Public Health Sciences (Dr Duarte), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso; and Nutrition Science Consulting, LLC, Galena, Ohio (Dr Mustad)
| | - Linda M. Huynh
- College of Health Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso (Drs Shoemaker and Cramer); University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Ms Huynh); Departments of Kinesiology (Dr Smith) and Public Health Sciences (Dr Duarte), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso; and Nutrition Science Consulting, LLC, Galena, Ohio (Dr Mustad)
| | - Cory M. Smith
- College of Health Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso (Drs Shoemaker and Cramer); University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Ms Huynh); Departments of Kinesiology (Dr Smith) and Public Health Sciences (Dr Duarte), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso; and Nutrition Science Consulting, LLC, Galena, Ohio (Dr Mustad)
| | - Vikkie A. Mustad
- College of Health Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso (Drs Shoemaker and Cramer); University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Ms Huynh); Departments of Kinesiology (Dr Smith) and Public Health Sciences (Dr Duarte), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso; and Nutrition Science Consulting, LLC, Galena, Ohio (Dr Mustad)
| | - Maria O. Duarte
- College of Health Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso (Drs Shoemaker and Cramer); University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Ms Huynh); Departments of Kinesiology (Dr Smith) and Public Health Sciences (Dr Duarte), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso; and Nutrition Science Consulting, LLC, Galena, Ohio (Dr Mustad)
| | - Joel T. Cramer
- College of Health Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso (Drs Shoemaker and Cramer); University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Ms Huynh); Departments of Kinesiology (Dr Smith) and Public Health Sciences (Dr Duarte), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso; and Nutrition Science Consulting, LLC, Galena, Ohio (Dr Mustad)
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Vitamin-D Deficiency and Supplementation Altered the Network of the Coronary Arteries in a Rodent Model—In Situ Video Microscopic Technique. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102041. [PMID: 35631182 PMCID: PMC9144105 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to identify whether vitamin-D deficiency (VDD) can alter the geometry of the coronary-resistance-artery system. Male Wistar rats were divided into vitamin-D-deficient (VD−, n = 10) and vitamin-D-supplemented (VD+, n = 8) groups. After eight weeks, branches and segments of the left-anterior-descending-coronary-artery (LAD) network were analyzed by a video-microscopy technique. Segments were divided into 50 μm-long cylindrical ring units. VDD did not increase the number of morphological abnormalities. The number of segments did not differ between the groups (VD−: 210 and VD+: 224; pooled data of 8 networks). A larger lumen area of branches was found in VD+ group, while 1–4-order branches were lengthier in the VD− group. VD− rats had less rich coronary-resistance-artery networks in terms of 50 µm-long units. (VD−: 6365 vs. VD+: 6602; pooled data of 8 networks). VD+ animals were richer in the 100–350 µm outer diameter range, and VD− animals were richer in the 400–550 µm-diameter units. In VD− rats, 150–200 and 300 µm units were almost missing at higher flow distances from the orifice. Serum vitamin-D alterations caused by dietary changes can affect the geometry of the coronary-artery network, which may contribute to vitamin-D-dependent changes in cardiovascular mortality.
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Zi C, He L, Yao H, Ren Y, He T, Gao Y. Changes of Th17 cells, regulatory T cells, Treg/Th17, IL-17 and IL-10 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocrine 2022; 76:263-272. [PMID: 35397088 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03043-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of Helper T cells 17 (Th17 cells), Regulatory T cells (Treg cells), Treg/Th17, Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS Four electronic resource databases were searched from their inception to 1 August 2021. Case-control studies about changes of Th17 cells, Treg cells, Treg/Th17, IL-17 and IL-10 in patients with T2DM were retrieved. We performed this meta-analysis via RevMan V.5.3 and Stata14. RESULTS 20 studies with 1242 individuals were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with the controls, the patients with T2DM had significantly increased levels of percentage of Th17 cells (SMD, 1.74; 95% CI, 0.47-3.01; p < 0.001), IL-17 (SMD, 2.17; 95% CI, 0.06-4.28; p < 0.001), IL-10 (SMD, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.81-1.59; p = 0.003), but decreased levels of percentage of Treg cells (SMD, -1.17; 95% CI, -2.22 to -0.13; p < 0.001) and Treg/Th17 ratio (SMD, -4.43; 95% CI, -7.07 to -1.78; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that percentage of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Tregs (SMD, -2.36; 95% CI, -3.19 to -1.52; p = 0.003) in patients was notably lower than controls. While not significant changes were found in the percentage of CD4+CD25+Tregs (SMD, 0.03; 95% CI, -0.34-0.40; p = 0.63) between patients and controls. For plasma or serum IL-10, a higher plasma IL-10 level (SMD,1.37; 95% CI, 0.92-1.82; p = 0.01) was observed in T2DM. While serum IL-10 (SMD, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.35-1.12; p = 0.79) had no obvious difference between patients and controls. For ELISA or flow cytometry, IL-10 (SMD, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.71-1.70; p = 0.001) was higher in T2DM patients by using detection method of ELISA. Yet IL-10 using flow cytometry and subgroup analysis of IL-17 had no significant differences. CONCLUSIONS Adaptive immune system indeed plays an essential role in the process of T2DM. Imbalance between Th17 and Treg triggers pro-inflammatory environment in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyan Zi
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Lisha He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Huan Yao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yuan Ren
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Tingting He
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yongxiang Gao
- School of International Education, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 610075, Chengdu, PR China.
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Wu M, Lu L, Guo K, Lu J, Chen H. Vitamin D protects against high glucose-induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction via AMPK-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 547:111596. [PMID: 35183675 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is considered a pandemic and has been postulated to increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Activation of nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) signaling induced by hyperglycemia stress has been recognized as a key priming stage for pancreatic β-cell inflammation in T2DM pathogenesis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation attenuates NLRP3 inflammasome upregulation in diabetes. This study investigated whether vitamin D3 could protect cells against high glucose-induced inflammation by modulating this critical step. A human cross-sectional study of 78 healthy, glucose-tolerant volunteers and 399 patients with type 2 diabetes was undertaken. The relationship between serum 25(OH)D3 levels and β-cell function was assessed using Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression, and a high-glucose diet-induced rat model of impaired glucose tolerance was used to evaluate the effects of cholecalciferol. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests and an ELISA were performed to detect the function of pancreatic islets. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, pyroptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and NLRP3 pathway were evaluated together to determine the role of vitamin D in high glucose-induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in INS-1E cells. The clinical results showed a positive association between serum 25(OH)D3 levels and β-cell function in male patients with type 2 diabetes. In vivo, cholecalciferol significantly reduced blood glucose levels and improved insulin secretion in response to glucose loading in the high glucose diet-induced rat model. In vitro studies have demonstrated that 1,25(OH)2D3 promotes insulin release in both islets and INS-1E cells. Mechanistically, our results demonstrated that vitamin D3 can activate AMPK, inhibiting the mTOR pathway, thus inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and alleviating pyroptosis in β-cell dysfunction. This study showed that vitamin D protects against high-glucose-induced β-cell dysfunction by enhancing the AMPK pathway, thereby suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Kaifeng Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junxi Lu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai JiaoTong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibing Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai 10th People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Higgs JA, Quinn AP, Seely KD, Richards Z, Mortensen SP, Crandall CS, Brooks AE. Pathophysiological Link between Insulin Resistance and Adrenal Incidentalomas. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084340. [PMID: 35457158 PMCID: PMC9032410 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenal incidentalomas are incidentally discovered adrenal masses greater than one centimeter in diameter. An association between insulin resistance and adrenal incidentalomas has been established. However, the pathophysiological link between these two conditions remains incompletely characterized. This review examines the literature on the interrelationship between insulin resistance and adrenal masses, their subtypes, and related pathophysiology. Some studies show that functional and non-functional adrenal masses elicit systemic insulin resistance, whereas others conclude the inverse. Insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and the anabolic effects on adrenal gland tissue, which have insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptors, offer possible pathophysiological links. Conversely, autonomous adrenal cortisol secretion generates visceral fat accumulation and insulin resistance. Further investigation into the mechanisms and timing of these two pathologies as they relate to one another is needed and could be valuable in the prevention, detection, and treatment of both conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan A. Higgs
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Ivins, UT 84738, USA; (J.A.H.); (A.P.Q.); (Z.R.); (S.P.M.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Alyssa P. Quinn
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Ivins, UT 84738, USA; (J.A.H.); (A.P.Q.); (Z.R.); (S.P.M.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Kevin D. Seely
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Ivins, UT 84738, USA; (J.A.H.); (A.P.Q.); (Z.R.); (S.P.M.); (C.S.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Zeke Richards
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Ivins, UT 84738, USA; (J.A.H.); (A.P.Q.); (Z.R.); (S.P.M.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Shad P. Mortensen
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Ivins, UT 84738, USA; (J.A.H.); (A.P.Q.); (Z.R.); (S.P.M.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Cody S. Crandall
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University, Ivins, UT 84738, USA; (J.A.H.); (A.P.Q.); (Z.R.); (S.P.M.); (C.S.C.)
| | - Amanda E. Brooks
- Department of Research and Scholarly Activity, Rocky Vista University, Ivins, UT 84738, USA;
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Maciejczyk M, Żebrowska E, Nesterowicz M, Supruniuk E, Choromańska B, Chabowski A, Żendzian-Piotrowska M, Zalewska A. α-Lipoic Acid Reduces Ceramide Synthesis and Neuroinflammation in the Hypothalamus of Insulin-Resistant Rats, While in the Cerebral Cortex Diminishes the β-Amyloid Accumulation. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:2295-2312. [PMID: 35422650 PMCID: PMC9005076 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s358799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress underlies metabolic diseases and cognitive impairment; thus, the use of antioxidants may improve brain function in insulin-resistant conditions. We are the first to evaluate the effects of α-lipoic acid (ALA) on redox homeostasis, sphingolipid metabolism, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and β-amyloid accumulation in the cerebral cortex and hypothalamus of insulin-resistant rats. Methods The experiment was conducted on male cmdb/outbred Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks with intragastric administration of ALA (30 mg/kg body weight) for 4 weeks. Pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory enzymes, oxidative stress, sphingolipid metabolism, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and β-amyloid level were assessed in the hypothalamus and cerebral cortex using colorimetric, fluorimetric, ELISA, and HPLC methods. Statistical analysis was performed using three-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey HSD test. Results ALA normalizes body weight, food intake, glycemia, insulinemia, and systemic insulin sensitivity in HFD-fed rats. ALA treatment reduces nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and xanthine oxidase activity, increases ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and thiol levels in the hypothalamus of insulin-resistant rats. In addition, it decreases myeloperoxidase, glucuronidase, and metalloproteinase-2 activity and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6) levels, while in the cerebral cortex ALA reduces β-amyloid accumulation. In both brain structures, ALA diminishes ceramide synthesis and caspase-3 activity. ALA improves systemic oxidative status and reduces insulin-resistant rats’ serum cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Conclusion ALA normalizes lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in insulin-resistant rats. At the brain level, ALA primarily affects hypothalamic metabolism. ALA improves redox homeostasis by decreasing the activity of pro-oxidant enzymes, enhancing total antioxidant potential, and reducing protein and lipid oxidative damage in the hypothalamus of HFD-fed rats. ALA also reduces hypothalamic inflammation and metalloproteinases activity, and cortical β-amyloid accumulation. In both brain structures, ALA diminishes ceramide synthesis and neuronal apoptosis. Although further study is needed, ALA may be a potential treatment for patients with cerebral complications of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Maciejczyk
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: Mateusz Maciejczyk, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, 2C Mickiewicza Street, Bialystok, Poland, Email
| | - Ewa Żebrowska
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Miłosz Nesterowicz
- Students Scientific Club “Biochemistry of Civilization Diseases” at the Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Supruniuk
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Barbara Choromańska
- 1st Department of General and Endocrine Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Adrian Chabowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Anna Zalewska
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Experimental Dentistry Laboratory, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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α-Lipoic Acid Strengthens the Antioxidant Barrier and Reduces Oxidative, Nitrosative, and Glycative Damage, as well as Inhibits Inflammation and Apoptosis in the Hypothalamus but Not in the Cerebral Cortex of Insulin-Resistant Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7450514. [PMID: 35391928 PMCID: PMC8983239 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7450514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The research determined the role of α-lipoic acid (ALA) in reducing the brain manifestations of insulin resistance. The mechanism of ALA action is mainly based on its ability to “scavenge” oxygen free radicals and stimulate biosynthesis of reduced glutathione (GSH), considered the most critical brain antioxidant. Although the protective effect of ALA is widely documented in various diseases, there are still no studies assessing the influence of ALA on brain metabolism in the context of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The experiment was conducted on male Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet for ten weeks with intragastric administration of ALA for four weeks. We are the first to demonstrate that ALA improves the function of enzymatic and nonenzymatic brain antioxidant systems, but the protective effects of ALA were mainly observed in the hypothalamus of insulin-resistant rats. Indeed, ALA caused a significant increase in superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities, as well as GSH concentration and redox potential ([GSH]2/[GSSG]) in the hypothalamus of HFD-fed rats. A consequence of antioxidant barrier enhancement by ALA is the reduction of oxidation, glycation, and nitration of brain proteins, lipids, and DNA. The protective effects of ALA result from hypothalamic activation of the transcription factor Nrf2 and inhibition of NF-κB. In the hypothalamus of insulin-resistant rats, we demonstrated reduced levels of oxidation (AOPP) and glycation (AGE) protein products, 4-hydroxynoneal, 8-isoprostanes, and 3-nitrotyrosine and, in the cerebral cortex, lower levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and peroxynitrite. In addition, we demonstrated that ALA decreases levels of proinflammatory TNF-α but also increases the synthesis of anti-inflammatory IL-10 in the hypothalamus of insulin-resistant rats. ALA also prevents neuronal apoptosis, confirming its multidirectional effects within the brain. Interestingly, we have shown no correlation between brain and serum/plasma oxidative stress biomarkers, indicating the different nature of redox imbalance at the central and systemic levels. To summarize, ALA improves antioxidant balance and diminishes oxidative/glycative stress, protein nitrosative damage, inflammation, and apoptosis, mainly in the hypothalamus of insulin-resistant rats. Further studies are needed to determine the molecular mechanism of ALA action within the brain.
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Geng J, Qiu Y, Li Y, Li J, Liao R, Du H, Jiang L, Wang L, Qin Z, Yang Q, Yu Q, Zhang Z, Su B. Associations Between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Kidney Function, and Insulin Resistance Among Adults in the United States of America. Front Nutr 2022; 8:716878. [PMID: 35242790 PMCID: PMC8885514 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.716878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAlthough many molecular studies have tried to explore the relationship between vitamin D metabolism and kidney function, the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and kidney function is still controversial. Previous studies reported that low vitamin D status and decreased kidney function were associated with insulin resistance (IR). However, neither of them was confirmed by large population-based studies. This study evaluated the associations between 25(OH)D and kidney function and the associations between both of them and IR among adults in the United States of America (USA).MethodsWe analyzed 36,523 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2001–2014). Kidney function was assessed by the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and IR was assessed by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). All data were survey-weighted, and corresponding linear regression models were performed to examine the associations.ResultsThe mean serum 25(OH)D levels were found to be increased in participants with decreased kidney function (eGFR <90 ml/min/1.73 m2), and each unit of decreased serum 25(OH)D concentrations predicted 0.453 ml/min/1.73 m2 (95% CI: 0.426 to 0.480, p < 0.0001) higher eGFR. In addition, each unit of decreased eGFR was associated with 0.007 higher HOMA-IR, while each unit of decreased 25(OH)D concentrations led to 0.025 higher HOMA-IR.ConclusionsSerum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were negatively associated with kidney function. IR appears in the early stage of kidney dysfunction, and both serum 25(OH)D concentrations and kidney function are negatively associated with IR. Clinicians should maintain appropriate serum 25(OH)D concentrations and doses of vitamin D supplements for different populations. The underlying mechanism of these associations still needs more research, especially the negative association between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwen Geng
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxuan Qiu
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yupei Li
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiameng Li
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruoxi Liao
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Heyue Du
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Luojia Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liya Wang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheng Qin
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qinbo Yang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiao Yu
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuyun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Baihai Su
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The First People's Hospital of Shuangliu District, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Baihai Su ;
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Khudayar M, Nadeem A, Lodi MN, Rehman K, Jawaid SI, Mehboob A, Aleem AS, Mirza REF, Ahmed M, Abbas K. The Association Between Deficiency of Vitamin D and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (DMT2). Cureus 2022; 14:e22221. [PMID: 35340511 PMCID: PMC8930435 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of vitamin D deficiency on the incidence of various diseases and its relationship with the progression of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) is still controversial. The present study evaluated the incidence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with DMT2. Methodology A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital, Sindh, Pakistan from October 2020 to September 2021. A total of 525 patients of DMT2 were recruited. Another 525 patients acted as healthy controls. In patients with DMT2, blood samples were taken in the morning to measure vitamin D levels. All socio-demographic and clinical data were documented in a predefined pro forma. The association between the incidence of DMT2 and hypovitaminosis was explored. Results The mean age of the patients was 50 ± 5.5 years. There were 100 (54.1%) male and 85 (45.9%) female patients. The mean duration of diabetes of the patients was 6.8 ± 2.4 years. The mean serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level was 22.3 ±10.4 ng/ml. In the case group, the majority of the patients had vitamin D deficiency i.e. 54.1%, while only 25.9% of controls had hypovitaminosis. Vitamin D deficiency was significantly correlated with the occurrence of DMT2 (p<0.0001). Conclusion The current study indicates that patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) more frequently suffer from vitamin D deficiency. Those patients with vitamin D deficiency and DMT2 can benefit from vitamin D replenishment. This may help improve glycemic control in these patients. This study served as a catalyst for future studies where the relationship between hypovitaminosis and insulin resistance can be thoroughly explored.
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Faraj M, Napoli N. The Impact of Diet on Bone and Fracture Risk in Diabetes. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2022; 20:26-42. [PMID: 35201556 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-022-00725-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to summarize the recently published scientific evidence on the effects of diet on diabetes and skeletal health. RECENT FINDINGS The impact of diet on overall health has been a growing topic of interest among researchers. An inappropriate eating habit is a relatively modified risk factor for diabetes in adults. Parallel with the significant increase in the incidence of diabetes mellitus worldwide, many studies have shown the benefits of lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise for people with, or at risk of developing, diabetes. In the last years, accumulating evidence suggests that diabetes is a risk factor for bone fragility. As lifestyle intervention represents an effective option for diabetes management and treatment, there is potential for an effect on bone health. Healthy lifestyle is critical to prevent bone fragility. However, more studies are needed to fully understand the impact of diet and weight loss on fracture risk in diabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Faraj
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - N Napoli
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Rome, Italy.
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Xing Y, Cheng T, Zhou F, Ma H. The Association Between Vitamin D and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:269-280. [PMID: 35140487 PMCID: PMC8819170 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s348870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between vitamin D deficiency and NAFLD risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS Overall, 434 patients with T2DM admitted to Hebei General Hospital from January 2019 to December 2019 were selected as the study subjects. According to abdominal ultrasound findings, patients were divided into the NAFLD group and the non-NAFLD group. Participants were divided into two study groups according to the 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level. 25(OH)D deficiency was defined if 25(OH)D vitamin levels were <20 ng/mL. Chi-square test and one-way analysis of variance were used to compare groups. The relationship between 25(OH)D and NAFLD risk was analyzed using correlation and regression analyses. Furthermore, subgroup analyses were performed to verify the robustness of the results. RESULTS The 25(OH)D level in patients with T2DM complicated by NAFLD was significantly lower than in patients with T2DM only. Vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent among T2DM patients with NAFLD. This study suggested that vitamin D deficiency was an independent factor for developing NAFLD in patients with T2DM. T2DM patients with vitamin D deficiency had 2.045 times higher risk of developing NAFLD than those without vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with high NAFLD preference in T2DM patients with BMI >23kg/m2, but not those with BMI ≤23kg/m2. The significant correlation between vitamin D deficiency and NAFLD was found in participants with BMI >23kg/m2, age ≤65 years, without hypertension, TG <1.7mmol/l, HDL ≥1 mmol/l in men, ≥1.3 mmol/l in women, HBA1C ≤7%, or females. CONCLUSION This study suggests that T2DM people with BMI >23kg/m2 were more susceptible to NAFLD by vitamin D deficiency and that it is necessary to maintain optimal serum vitamin D levels in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Xing
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huijuan Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050017, People’s Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Hebei General Hospital Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Huijuan Ma, Email
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Patel DG, Kurian SJ, Miraj SS, Rashid M, Thomas L, Rodrigues GS, Banerjee M, Khandelwal B, Saravu K, Rao M. Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review. Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e020921196096. [PMID: 34473618 DOI: 10.2174/1573399817666210902144539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) and tuberculosis (TB) have been recognized as reemerging epidemics, especially in developing countries. Among all the risk factors, diabetes causes immunosuppression, increasing the risk of active TB three times. Vitamin D has been found as a link between DM-TB co-morbidity. OBJECTIVE Vitamin D affects the immune response, suppresses Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) growth, and affects insulin secretion. The present systematic review determines the effect of vitamin D supplementation on clinical and therapeutic outcomes of DM-TB patients. METHOD A comprehensive literature search was carried out in PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Scopus database to determine eligible studies from inception to January 2021. Out of the 639 articles retrieved, three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the systematic review. RESULT The effect of vitamin D3 or oral cholecalciferol supplementation was assessed on outcomes, such as duration to sputum smear conversion, TB scores improvement, change in glycemic parameters, including HbA1c, FBS, and PLBS, and laboratory parameters, such as Hb, ESR, and CRP. Duration of sputum smear conversion was decreased by two weeks in the vitamin D3 supplemented group in two studies. TB score improvement and changes in glycemic parameters were inclined towards supplemented group; however, they were not significant. CONCLUSION The overall effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on TB patients with DM was not significant. Further studies are required in the future examining the effect of supplementation on outcomes in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Girishbhai Patel
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India
| | - Shilia Jacob Kurian
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India
- Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka-576104, India
| | - Sonal Sekhar Miraj
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India
- Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka-576104, India
| | - Muhammed Rashid
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India
| | - Levin Thomas
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India
| | - Gabriel Sunil Rodrigues
- Department of Surgery, Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India
| | - Mithu Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Rajasthan-342005, India
| | - Bidita Khandelwal
- Department of Medicine, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, Sikkim-737102, India
| | - Kavitha Saravu
- Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka-576104, India
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kasturba Medical College and Hospital, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka- 576104, India
| | - Mahadev Rao
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India
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Alemam HM, ElJilani MM, Bashein AM. Effect of Intramuscular Injection of Vitamin D on 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels, Glycaemic Control, and Liver Enzymes in Libyan Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. LIBYAN INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1749117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D is a fat-soluble hormone that plays an important role in glycaemic control. In addition, it has a positive effect on improving liver enzyme function.
Aim This study was performed to examine the effect of intramuscular injection of vitamin D on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels, glycemic control, and liver enzymes in Libyan patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with vitamin D deficiency.
Methods and Materials This cross-sectional study enrolled 100 T2DM (50 males and 50 females). Their serum 25(OH)D, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and liver enzymes were measured at the baseline and 12 weeks after treatment with vitamin D (200,000 IU) injection monthly for 3 months. Data analysis involved the estimation of mean ± standard error (SE) and comparison of means between pre and post-treatment values using paired t-test. Independent t-test was used to compare the means between males and females. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results Females had a lower 25(OH)D blood levels than males at baseline (7.03 ± 0.25 ng/mL versus 7.86 ± 0.26 ng/mL, respectively p < 0.02). 25(OH)D levels in both sexes was increased significantly from 7.45 ± 0.18 ng/mL to 26.69 ± 0.24 ng/mL after 12 weeks of vitamin D injections (p < 0.001), with no significant differences between male and females. FBG levels in both sexes was significantly decreased from 144.68 ± 1.84 mg/dL to 85.96 ± 0.34 mg/dL post treatment (p < 0.001). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was increased from 10.24 ± 0.17 U/L at baseline to 20.34 ± 1.15 U/L post treatment (p < 0.001). Similarly, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was increased from 11.23 ± 0.21 to 20.57 ± 0.22 U/L (p < 0.001), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was decreased from 124.95 ± 1.15 U/L to 111.17 ± 1.27 U/L (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences between male and female liver enzymes either pre- or post-vitamin D injections
Conclusion Treatment with vitamin D injection showed a significant increase in 25(OH)D accompanied by decreased FBG and ALP levels and increased ALT and AST levels. Vitamin D levels should be monitored and adjusted in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa M. Alemam
- Department of Environment, Food, and Biological Applications, Libyan Centre for Biotechnology Research, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Mouna M. ElJilani
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Libyan Centre for Biotechnology Research, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Abdulla M. Bashein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
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Feng J, Zhou Y, Liao L, Yu L, Yuan P, Zhang J. Network Pharmacology and Transcriptomics Reveal the Mechanism of GuaLouQuMaiWan in Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes and Its Active Small Molecular Compound. J Diabetes Res 2022; 2022:2736504. [PMID: 36248223 PMCID: PMC9560855 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2736504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The main pathophysiological abnormalities in type 2 diabetes (T2D) include pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. Due to hyperglycemia, patients receive long-term treatment. However, side effects and drug tolerance usually lead to treatment failure. GuaLouQuMaiWan (GLQMW), a common traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription, has positive effects on controlling blood sugar and improving quality of life, but the mechanism is still unclear. To decipher their molecular mechanisms, we used a novel computational systems pharmacology-based approach consisting of bioinformatics analysis, network pharmacology, and drug similarity comparison. We divided the participants into nondisease (ND), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and type 2 diabetes groups according to the WHO's recommendations for diabetes. By analyzing the gene expression profile of the ND-IGT-T2D (ND to IGT to T2D) process, we found that the function of downregulated genes in the whole process was mainly related to insulin secretion, while the upregulated genes were related to inflammation. Furthermore, other genes in the ND-IGT (ND to IGT) process are mainly related to inflammation and lipid metabolic disorders. We speculate that 17 genes with a consistent trend may play a key role in the process of ND-IGT-T2D. We further performed target prediction for 50 compounds in GLQMW that met the screening criteria and intersected the differentially expressed genes of the T2D process with the compounds of GLQMW; a total of 18 proteins proved potential targets for GLQMW. Among these, RBP4 is considerably related to insulin resistance. GO/KEGG enrichment analyses of the target genes of GLQMW showed enrichment in inflammation- and T2D therapy-related pathways. Based on the RDKit tool and the DrugBank database, we speculate that (-)-taxifolin, dialoside A_qt, spinasterol, isofucosterol, and 11,14-eicosadienoic acid can be used as potential drugs for T2D via molecular docking and drug similarity comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Feng
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China 518000
| | - Yuheng Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China 510632
| | - Li Liao
- Chongqing Jiangjin District Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China 404100
| | - Liping Yu
- Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China 518000
| | - Ping Yuan
- Tongren Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China 200000
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Traditional Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China 510632
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Amirkhizi F, Pishdadian A, Asghari S, Hamedi-Shahraki S. Vitamin D status is favorably associated with the cardiovascular risk factors in adults with obesity. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 46:232-239. [PMID: 34857202 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Previous investigations have been indicated that vitamin D deficiency is an amendable risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general populations. Limited data is available concerning the relationship of vitamin D status and risk factors of CVD in the individuals with obesity and the existing data are highly controversial. We investigated whether serum vitamin D situation is related to multiple traditional CVD risk factors in Iranian obese subjects. METHODS A cross-sectional study was done among 214 Iranian adults with obesity (94 males and 120 females) aged 20-60 years, who attended the specialized outpatient clinics in Zabol city. Participants were categorized as vitamin D sufficient, insufficient, and deficient according to their serum 25(OH)D concentrations. Afterward, the presence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) as well as diabetes, hypertension, and high serum concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) as CVD risk factors were evaluated in the participants. RESULTS There was a noticeable regular trend regarding hypercholesterolemia (p = 0.008), high LDL-C (p = 0.024), hypertension (p = 0.021), and high hs-CRP (p < 0.0001) across various categories of vitamin D status. In adjusted model, vitamin D-deficient subjects were at higher risk for having hypercholesterolemia (OR: 3.22, p = 0.031), high LDL-C (OR: 2.37, p = 0.047), hypertension (OR: 2.32, p = 0.042), and high hs-CRP (OR: 5.49, p = 0.001) than ones with sufficient vitamin D status. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D deficiency in obese subjects was found to be strongly related to higher risk of unfavorable lipid profile, hypertension, and high hs-CRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Amirkhizi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Abbas Pishdadian
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Somayyeh Asghari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudabeh Hamedi-Shahraki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.
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Nutrients and Dietary Approaches in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114150. [PMID: 34836405 PMCID: PMC8622886 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. The prevalence of CVD is much higher in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), who may benefit from lifestyle changes, which include adapted diets. In this review, we provide the role of different groups of nutrients in patients with T2DM and CVD, as well as dietary approaches that have been associated with better and worse outcomes in those patients. Many different diets and supplements have proved to be beneficial in T2DM and CVD, but further studies, guidelines, and dietary recommendations are particularly required for patients with both diseases.
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