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Zeng X, Lafferty TK, Sehrawat A, Chen Y, Ferreira PCL, Bellaver B, Povala G, Kamboh MI, Klunk WE, Cohen AD, Lopez OL, Ikonomovic MD, Pascoal TA, Ganguli M, Villemagne VL, Snitz BE, Karikari TK. Multi-analyte proteomic analysis identifies blood-based neuroinflammation, cerebrovascular and synaptic biomarkers in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:68. [PMID: 39385222 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-024-00753-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood-based biomarkers are gaining grounds for the detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related disorders (ADRDs). However, two key obstacles remain: the lack of methods for multi-analyte assessments and the need for biomarkers for related pathophysiological processes like neuroinflammation, vascular, and synaptic dysfunction. A novel proteomic method for pre-selected analytes, based on proximity extension technology, was recently introduced. Referred to as the NULISAseq CNS disease panel, the assay simultaneously measures ~ 120 analytes related to neurodegenerative diseases, including those linked to both core (i.e., tau and amyloid-beta (Aβ)) and non-core AD processes. This study aimed to evaluate the technical and clinical performance of this novel targeted proteomic panel. METHODS The NULISAseq CNS disease panel was applied to 176 plasma samples from 113 individuals in the MYHAT-NI cohort of predominantly cognitively normal participants from an economically underserved region in southwestern Pennsylvania, USA. Classical AD biomarkers, including p-tau181, p-tau217, p-tau231, GFAP, NEFL, Aβ40, and Aβ42, were independently measured using Single Molecule Array (Simoa) and correlations and diagnostic performances compared. Aβ pathology, tau pathology, and neurodegeneration (AT(N) statuses) were evaluated with [11C] PiB PET, [18F]AV-1451 PET, and an MRI-based AD-signature composite cortical thickness index, respectively. Linear mixed models were used to examine cross-sectional and Wilcoxon rank sum tests for longitudinal associations between NULISA and neuroimaging-determined AT(N) biomarkers. RESULTS NULISA concurrently measured 116 plasma biomarkers with good technical performance (97.2 ± 13.9% targets gave signals above assay limits of detection), and significant correlation with Simoa assays for the classical biomarkers. Cross-sectionally, p-tau217 was the top hit to identify Aβ pathology, with age, sex, and APOE genotype-adjusted AUC of 0.930 (95%CI: 0.878-0.983). Fourteen markers were significantly decreased in Aβ-PET + participants, including TIMP3, BDNF, MDH1, and several cytokines. Longitudinally, FGF2, IL4, and IL9 exhibited Aβ PET-dependent yearly increases in Aβ-PET + participants. Novel plasma biomarkers with tau PET-dependent longitudinal changes included proteins associated with neuroinflammation, synaptic function, and cerebrovascular integrity, such as CHIT1, CHI3L1, NPTX1, PGF, PDGFRB, and VEGFA; all previously linked to AD but only reliable when measured in cerebrospinal fluid. The autophagosome cargo protein SQSTM1 exhibited significant association with neurodegeneration after adjusting age, sex, and APOE ε4 genotype. CONCLUSIONS Together, our results demonstrate the feasibility and potential of immunoassay-based multiplexing to provide a comprehensive view of AD-associated proteomic changes, consistent with the recently revised biological and diagnostic framework. Further validation of the identified inflammation, synaptic, and vascular markers will be important for establishing disease state markers in asymptomatic AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Zeng
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Tara K Lafferty
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Anuradha Sehrawat
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Yijun Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Pamela C L Ferreira
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Bruna Bellaver
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Guilherme Povala
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - M Ilyas Kamboh
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - William E Klunk
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Ann D Cohen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Oscar L Lopez
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Milos D Ikonomovic
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh HS, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tharick A Pascoal
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Mary Ganguli
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Victor L Villemagne
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Beth E Snitz
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Thomas K Karikari
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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Cardamone A, Coppoletta AR, Macrì R, Nucera S, Ruga S, Scarano F, Mollace R, Mollace A, Maurotti S, Micotti E, Carresi C, Musolino V, Gliozzi M, Mollace V. Targeting leptin/CCL3-CCL4 axes in NAFLD/MAFLD: A novel role for BPF in counteracting thalamic inflammation and white matter degeneration. Pharmacol Res 2024; 209:107417. [PMID: 39276957 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), redefined as Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD), is characterized by an extensive multi-organ involvement. MAFLD-induced systemic inflammatory status and peripheral metabolic alteration lead to an impairment of cerebral function. Herein, we investigated a panel of leptin-related inflammatory mediators as predictive biomarkers of neuroinflammation and evaluated the possible role of Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction (BPF) in counteracting this MAFLD-induced inflammatory cascade. Male DIAMOND mice were randomly assigned to fed chow diet and tap water or high fat diet with sugar water. Starting from week 16, mice were further divided and treated with vehicle or BPF (50 mg/kg/day), via gavage, until week 30. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed at the baseline and at week 30. Correlation and regression analyses were performed to discriminate the altered lipid metabolism in the onset of cerebral alterations. Steatohepatitis led to an increase in leptin levels, resulting in a higher expression of proinflammatory mediators. The inflammatory biomarkers involved in leptin/CCL3-CCL4 axes were correlated with the altered thalamus energetic metabolism and the white matter degeneration. BPF administration restored leptin level, improved glucose and lipid metabolism, and reduced chronic low-grade inflammatory mediators, resulting in a prevention of white matter degeneration, alterations of thalamus metabolism and brain atrophy. The highlighted positive effect of BPF, mediated by the downregulation of the inflammatory biomarkers involved in leptin/CCL3-CCL4 axes, affording novel elements to candidate BPF for the development of a therapeutic strategy aimed at counteracting MAFLD-related brain inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Cardamone
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Coppoletta
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Roberta Macrì
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Saverio Nucera
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruga
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Federica Scarano
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Rocco Mollace
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy
| | - Annachiara Mollace
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Samantha Maurotti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Edoardo Micotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Carresi
- Veterinary Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health IRC-FSH, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, 88100, Italy.
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Græcia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro 88100, Italy
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Zhang H, Cao D, Xu T, Chen E, Li G, Chen Y, Payne P, Province M, Li F. mosGraphFlow: a novel integrative graph AI model mining disease targets from multi-omic data. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.01.606219. [PMID: 39282361 PMCID: PMC11398418 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.01.606219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Multi-omic data can better characterize complex cellular signaling pathways from multiple views compared to individual omic data. However, integrative multi-omic data analysis to rank key disease biomarkers and infer core signaling pathways remains an open problem. In this study, our novel contributions are that we developed a novel graph AI model, mosGraphFlow, for analyzing multi-omic signaling graphs (mosGraphs), 2) analyzed multi-omic mosGraph datasets of AD, and 3) identified, visualized and evaluated a set of AD associated signaling biomarkers and network. The comparison results show that the proposed model not only achieves the best classification accuracy but also identifies important AD disease biomarkers and signaling interactions. Moreover, the signaling sources are highlighted at specific omic levels to facilitate the understanding of the pathogenesis of AD. The proposed model can also be applied and expanded for other studies using multi-omic data. Model code is accessible via GitHub: https://github.com/FuhaiLiAiLab/mosGraphFlow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heming Zhang
- Institute for Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (I2DB), Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dekang Cao
- Institute for Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (I2DB), Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tim Xu
- Institute for Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (I2DB), Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Emily Chen
- Institute for Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (I2DB), Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- School of Arts and Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Guangfu Li
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Yixin Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Philip Payne
- Institute for Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (I2DB), Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael Province
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Fuhai Li
- Institute for Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (I2DB), Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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4
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Skv M, Abraham SM, Eshwari O, Golla K, Jhelum P, Maity S, Komal P. Tremendous Fidelity of Vitamin D3 in Age-related Neurological Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:7211-7238. [PMID: 38372958 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03989-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D3 (VD) is a secosteroid hormone and shows a pleiotropic effect in brain-related disorders where it regulates redox imbalance, inflammation, apoptosis, energy production, and growth factor synthesis. Vitamin D3's active metabolic form, 1,25-dihydroxy Vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3 or calcitriol), is a known regulator of several genes involved in neuroplasticity, neuroprotection, neurotropism, and neuroinflammation. Multiple studies suggest that VD deficiency can be proposed as a risk factor for the development of several age-related neurological disorders. The evidence for low serum levels of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D3 (25(OH)D3 or calcidiol), the major circulating form of VD, is associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), dementia, and cognitive impairment. Despite decades of evidence on low VD association with neurological disorders, the precise molecular mechanism behind its beneficial effect remains controversial. Here, we will be delving into the neurobiological importance of VD and discuss its benefits in different neuropsychiatric disorders. The focus will be on AD, PD, and HD as they share some common clinical, pathological, and epidemiological features. The central focus will be on the different attributes of VD in the aspect of its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-cholinesterase activity, and psychotropic effect in different neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjari Skv
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sharon Mariam Abraham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Omalur Eshwari
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kishore Golla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Priya Jhelum
- Centre for Research in Neuroscience and Brain Program, The Research Instituteof the, McGill University Health Centre , Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Shuvadeep Maity
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Pragya Komal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Shameerpet-Mandal, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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5
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Gutiérrez Rico E, Joseph P, Noutsos C, Poon K. Hypothalamic and hippocampal transcriptome changes in App NL-G-F mice as a function of metabolic and inflammatory dysfunction. Neuroscience 2024; 554:107-117. [PMID: 39002757 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
The progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has a silent phase that predates characteristic cognitive decline and eventually leads to active cognitive deficits. Metabolism, diet, and obesity have been correlated to the development of AD but is poorly understood. The hypothalamus is a brain region that exerts homeostatic control on food intake and metabolism and has been noted to be impacted during the active phase of Alzheimer's disease. This study, in using an amyloid overexpression AppNL-G-F mouse model under normal metabolic conditions, examines blood markers in young and old male AppNL-G-F mice (n = 5) that corresponds to the silent and active phases of AD, and bulk gene expression changes in the hypothalamus and the hippocampus. The results show a large panel of inflammatory mediators, leptin, and other proteins that may be involved in weakening the blood brain barrier, to be increased in the young AppNL-G-F mice but not in the old AppNL-G-F mice. There were also several differentially expressed genes in both the hypothalamus and the hippocampus in the young AppNL-G-F mice prior to amyloid plaque formation and cognitive decline that persisted in the old AppNL-G-F mice, including GABRa2 receptor, Wdfy1, and several pseudogenes with unknown function. These results suggests that a larger panel of inflammatory mediators may be used as blood markers to detect silent AD, and that a change in leptin and gene expression in the hypothalamus exist prior to cognitive effects, suggesting a coupling of metabolism with amyloid plaque induced cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Gutiérrez Rico
- Tohoku University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Patricia Joseph
- SUNY Old Westbury, 223 Store Hill Rd, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Christos Noutsos
- SUNY Old Westbury, 223 Store Hill Rd, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Kinning Poon
- SUNY Old Westbury, 223 Store Hill Rd, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA.
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6
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Ma YZ, Cao JX, Zhang YS, Su XM, Jing YH, Gao LP. T Cells Trafficking into the Brain in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2024; 19:47. [PMID: 39180590 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-024-10147-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
The meninges, choroid plexus (CP) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) are recognized as important gateways for peripheral immune cell trafficking into the central nervous system (CNS). Accumulation of peripheral immune cells in brain parenchyma can be observed during aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanisms by which peripheral immune cells enter the CNS through these three pathways and how they interact with resident cells within the CNS to cause brain injury are not fully understood. In this paper, we review recent research on T cells recruitment in the brain during aging and AD. This review focuses on the possible pathways through which T cells infiltrate the brain, the evidence that T cells are recruited to the brain, and how infiltrating T cells interact with the resident cells in the CNS during aging and AD. Unraveling these issues will contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of aging and AD from the perspective of immunity, and hopefully develop new therapeutic strategies for brain aging and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Zhang Ma
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jia-Xin Cao
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yi-Shu Zhang
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Su
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yu-Hong Jing
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Li-Ping Gao
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
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7
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Zhang H, Huang D, Chen E, Cao D, Xu T, Dizdar B, Li G, Chen Y, Payne P, Province M, Li F. mosGraphGPT: a foundation model for multi-omic signaling graphs using generative AI. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.01.606222. [PMID: 39149314 PMCID: PMC11326168 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.01.606222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Generative pretrained models represent a significant advancement in natural language processing and computer vision, which can generate coherent and contextually relevant content based on the pre-training on large general datasets and fine-tune for specific tasks. Building foundation models using large scale omic data is promising to decode and understand the complex signaling language patterns within cells. Different from existing foundation models of omic data, we build a foundation model, mosGraphGPT, for multi-omic signaling (mos) graphs, in which the multi-omic data was integrated and interpreted using a multi-level signaling graph. The model was pretrained using multi-omic data of cancers in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and fine-turned for multi-omic data of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The experimental evaluation results showed that the model can not only improve the disease classification accuracy, but also is interpretable by uncovering disease targets and signaling interactions. And the model code are uploaded via GitHub with link: https://github.com/mosGraph/mosGraphGPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heming Zhang
- Institute for Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (I2DB), Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Di Huang
- Institute for Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (I2DB), Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Emily Chen
- Institute for Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (I2DB), Washington University School of Medicine
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- School of Arts and Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
| | - Dekang Cao
- Institute for Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (I2DB), Washington University School of Medicine
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering
| | - Tim Xu
- Institute for Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (I2DB), Washington University School of Medicine
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering
| | - Ben Dizdar
- Institute for Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (I2DB), Washington University School of Medicine
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering
| | - Guangfu Li
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Yixin Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering
| | - Philip Payne
- Institute for Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (I2DB), Washington University School of Medicine
| | | | - Fuhai Li
- Institute for Informatics, Data Science and Biostatistics (I2DB), Washington University School of Medicine
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Le Thuc O, García-Cáceres C. Obesity-induced inflammation: connecting the periphery to the brain. Nat Metab 2024; 6:1237-1252. [PMID: 38997442 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is often associated with a chronic, low-grade inflammatory state affecting the entire body. This sustained inflammatory state disrupts the coordinated communication between the periphery and the brain, which has a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis through humoural, nutrient-mediated, immune and nervous signalling pathways. The inflammatory changes induced by obesity specifically affect communication interfaces, including the blood-brain barrier, glymphatic system and meninges. Consequently, brain areas near the third ventricle, including the hypothalamus and other cognition-relevant regions, become susceptible to impairments, resulting in energy homeostasis dysregulation and an elevated risk of cognitive impairments such as Alzheimer's disease and dementia. This Review explores the intricate communication between the brain and the periphery, highlighting the effect of obesity-induced inflammation on brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélia Le Thuc
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cristina García-Cáceres
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
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Nguyen HD, Jo WH, Cha JO, Hoang NHM, Kim MS. Elucidation of the effects of 2,5-hexandione as a metabolite of n-hexane on cognitive impairment in leptin-knockout mice (C57BL/6-Lepem1Shwl/Korl). Toxicol Res 2024; 40:389-408. [PMID: 38911537 PMCID: PMC11187033 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-024-00228-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Exposure to n-hexane and its metabolite 2,5-hexandione (HD) is a well-known cause of neurotoxicity, particularly in the peripheral nervous system. To date, few studies have focused on the neurotoxic effects of HD on cognitive impairment. Exposure to HD and diabetes mellitus can exacerbate neurotoxicity. There are links among HD, diabetes mellitus, and cognitive impairment; however, the specific mechanisms underlying them remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the neurotoxic effects of HD on cognitive impairment in ob/ob (C57BL/6-Lepem1Shwl/Korl) mice. We found that HD induced cognitive impairment by altering the expression of genes (FN1, AGT, ACTA2, MYH11, MKI67, MET, CTGF, and CD44), miRNAs (mmu-miR15a-5p, mmu-miR-17-5p, and mmu-miR-29a-3p), transcription factors (transcription factor AP-2 alpha [TFAP2A], serum response factor [Srf], and paired box gene 4 [PAX4]), and signaling pathways (ERK/CERB, PI3K/AKT, GSK-3β/p-tau/amyloid-β), as well as by causing neuroinflammation (TREM1/DAP12/NF-κB), oxidative stress, and apoptosis. The prevalent use of n-hexane in various industrial applications (for instance, shoe manufacturing, printing inks, paints, and varnishes) suggests that individuals with elevated body weight and glucose levels and those employed in high-risk workplaces have greater probability of cognitive impairment. Therefore, implementing screening strategies for HD-induced cognitive dysfunction is crucial. Graphical abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43188-024-00228-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Duc Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922 Republic of Korea
| | - Won Hee Jo
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ok Cha
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922 Republic of Korea
| | - Ngoc Hong Minh Hoang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922 Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 57922 Republic of Korea
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10
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Badr A, Daily KP, Eltobgy M, Estfanous S, Tan MH, Chun-Tien Kuo J, Whitham O, Carafice C, Gupta G, Amer HM, Shamseldin MM, Yousif A, Deems NP, Fitzgerald J, Yan P, Webb A, Zhang X, Pietrzak M, Ghoneim HE, Dubey P, Barrientos RM, Lee RJ, Kokiko-Cochran ON, Amer AO. Microglia-targeted inhibition of miR-17 via mannose-coated lipid nanoparticles improves pathology and behavior in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 119:919-944. [PMID: 38718909 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and accumulation of Amyloid Beta (Aβ) accompanied by deterioration of special memory are hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Effective preventative and treatment options for AD are still needed. Microglia in AD brains are characterized by elevated levels of microRNA-17 (miR-17), which is accompanied by defective autophagy, Aβ accumulation, and increased inflammatory cytokine production. However, the effect of targeting miR-17 on AD pathology and memory loss is not clear. To specifically inhibit miR-17 in microglia, we generated mannose-coated lipid nanoparticles (MLNPs) enclosing miR-17 antagomir (Anti-17 MLNPs), which are targeted to mannose receptors readily expressed on microglia. We used a 5XFAD mouse model (AD) that recapitulates many AD-related phenotypes observed in humans. Our results show that Anti-17 MLNPs, delivered to 5XFAD mice by intra-cisterna magna injection, specifically deliver Anti-17 to microglia. Anti-17 MLNPs downregulated miR-17 expression in microglia but not in neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Anti-17 MLNPs attenuated inflammation, improved autophagy, and reduced Aβ burdens in the brains. Additionally, Anti-17 MLNPs reduced the deterioration in spatial memory and decreased anxiety-like behavior in 5XFAD mice. Therefore, targeting miR-17 using MLNPs is a viable strategy to prevent several AD pathologies. This selective targeting strategy delivers specific agents to microglia without the adverse off-target effects on other cell types. Additionally, this approach can be used to deliver other molecules to microglia and other immune cells in other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Badr
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, the United States of America
| | - Kylene P Daily
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, the United States of America
| | - Mostafa Eltobgy
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, the United States of America
| | - Shady Estfanous
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, the United States of America
| | - Michelle H Tan
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, the United States of America
| | - Jimmy Chun-Tien Kuo
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, the United States of America
| | - Owen Whitham
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, the United States of America
| | - Cierra Carafice
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, the United States of America
| | - Gauruv Gupta
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, the United States of America
| | - Heba M Amer
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, the United States of America
| | - Mohamed M Shamseldin
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, the United States of America
| | - Amir Yousif
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, the United States of America
| | - Nicholas P Deems
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, the United States of America
| | - Julie Fitzgerald
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Pearlly Yan
- Genomics Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, the United States of America
| | - Amy Webb
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, the United States of America
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, the United States of America
| | - Maciej Pietrzak
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, the United States of America
| | - Hazem E Ghoneim
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, the United States of America
| | - Purnima Dubey
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, the United States of America
| | - Ruth M Barrientos
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, the United States of America
| | - Robert J Lee
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, the United States of America
| | | | - Amal O Amer
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases Institute, The Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, the United States of America.
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11
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Rice M, Nuovo GJ, Sawant D, Mishra A, Tili E. Comparison of Neuroinflammation Induced by Hyperphosphorylated Tau Protein Versus Ab42 in Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:4589-4601. [PMID: 38105410 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03822-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Both neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques are associated with inflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Their relative degree of induced neuroinflammation, however, is not well established. Mouse models of AD that expressed either human Aβ42 (n = 7) or human hyperphosphorylated tau protein alone (n = 3), wild type (n = 10), and human AD samples (n = 29 with 18 controls) were studied. The benefit of using mouse models that possess only human tau or amyloid-b is that it allows for the individual evaluation of how each protein affects neuroinflammation, something not possible in human tissue. Three indicators of neuroinflammation were examined: TLRs/RIG1 expression, the density of astrocytes and microglial cells, and well-established mediators of neuroinflammation (IL6, TNFα, IL1β, and CXCL10). There was a statistically significant increase in neuroinflammation with all three variables in the mouse models with human tau only as compared to human Aβ42 only or wild-type mice (each at p < 0.0001). Only the Aβ42 5xFAD mice (n = 4) showed statistically higher neuroinflammation versus wild type (p = 0.0030). The human AD tissues were segregated into Aβ42 only or hyperphosphorylated tau protein with Aβ42. The latter areas showed increased neuroinflammation with each of the three variables compared to the areas with only Aβ42. Of the TLRs and RIG-1, TLR8 was significantly elevated in both the mouse model and human AD and only in areas with the abnormal tau protein. It is concluded that although Aβ42 and hyperphosphorylated tau protein can each induce inflammation, the latter protein is associated with a much stronger neuroinflammatory response vis-a-vis a significantly greater activated microglial response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Esmerina Tili
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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12
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Arfaei R, Mikaeili N, Daj F, Boroumand A, Kheyri A, Yaraghi P, Shirzad Z, Keshavarz M, Hassanshahi G, Jafarzadeh A, Shahrokhi VM, Khorramdelazad H. Decoding the role of the CCL2/CCR2 axis in Alzheimer's disease and innovating therapeutic approaches: Keeping All options open. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 135:112328. [PMID: 38796962 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), as a neurodegenerative disorder, distresses the elderly in large numbers and is characterized by β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation, elevated tau protein levels, and chronic inflammation. The brain's immune system is aided by microglia and astrocytes, which produce chemokines and cytokines. Nevertheless, dysregulated expression can cause hyperinflammation and lead to neurodegeneration. CCL2/CCR2 chemokines are implicated in neurodegenerative diseases exacerbating. Inflicting damage on nerves and central nervous system (CNS) cells is the function of this axis, which recruits and migrates immune cells, including monocytes and macrophages. It has been shown that targeting the CCL2/CCR2 axis may be a therapeutic option for inflammatory diseases. Using the current knowledge about the involvement of the CCL2/CCR2 axis in the immunopathogenesis of AD, this comprehensive review synthesizes existing information. It also explores potential therapeutic options, including modulation of the CCL2/CCR2 axis as a possible strategy in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Arfaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Narges Mikaeili
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Daj
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Armin Boroumand
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Abbas Kheyri
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Pegah Yaraghi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Shirzad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Keshavarz
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Hassanshahi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Vahid Mohammadi Shahrokhi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Hossein Khorramdelazad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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13
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Yang Q, Yang C, Lv H, Zheng X, Mao S, Liu N, Mo S, Liao B, Yang M, Lu Z, Tang L, Huang X, Jian C, Shang J. Autophagy Regulation Attenuates Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Decline in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model with Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02043-0. [PMID: 38951357 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02043-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the role of autophagy regulation in modulating neuroinflammation and cognitive function in an Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse model with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH). Using the APP23/PS1 mice plus CCH model, we examined the impact of autophagy regulation on cognitive function, neuroinflammation, and autophagic activity. Our results demonstrate significant cognitive impairments in AD mice, exacerbated by CCH, but mitigated by treatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA). Dysregulation of autophagy-related proteins, accentuated by CCH, underscores the intricate relationship between cerebral blood flow and autophagy dysfunction in AD pathology. While 3-MA restored autophagic balance, rapamycin (RAPA) treatment did not induce significant changes, suggesting alternative therapeutic approaches are necessary. Dysregulated microglial polarization and neuroinflammation in AD+CCH were linked to cognitive decline, with 3-MA attenuating neuroinflammation. Furthermore, alterations in M2 microglial polarization and the levels of inflammatory markers NLRP3 and MCP1 were observed, with 3-MA treatment exhibiting potential anti-inflammatory effects. Our findings shed light on the crosstalk between autophagy and neuroinflammation in AD+CCH and suggest targeting autophagy as a promising strategy for mitigating neuroinflammation and cognitive decline in AD+CCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yang
- Medical School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Neurology, Baise People's Hospital, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Chengmin Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Hui Lv
- Modern Industrial College of Biomedicine and Great Health, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Xingwu Zheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Sanyin Mao
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Jiande, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Shenglong Mo
- Graduate School of Youjiang, Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Bao Liao
- Department of Neurology, Baise People's Hospital, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Meiling Yang
- Graduate School of Youjiang, Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhicheng Lu
- Graduate School of Youjiang, Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Lina Tang
- Graduate School of Youjiang, Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaorui Huang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Chongdong Jian
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China.
| | - Jingwei Shang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China.
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14
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Juvenal G, Meinerz C, Ayupe AC, Campos HC, Reis EM, Longo BM, Pillat MM, Ulrich H. Bradykinin promotes immune responses in differentiated embryonic neurospheres carrying APP swe and PS1 dE9 mutations. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:82. [PMID: 38890712 PMCID: PMC11184896 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01251-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) can be cultivated from developing brains, reproducing many of the processes that occur during neural development. They can be isolated from a variety of animal models, such as transgenic mice carrying mutations in amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilin 1 and 2 (PSEN 1 and 2), characteristic of familial Alzheimer's disease (fAD). Modulating the development of these cells with inflammation-related peptides, such as bradykinin (BK) and its antagonist HOE-140, enables the understanding of the impact of such molecules in a relevant AD model. RESULTS We performed a global gene expression analysis on transgenic neurospheres treated with BK and HOE-140. To validate the microarray data, quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed on 8 important genes related to the immune response in AD such as CCL12, CCL5, CCL3, C3, CX3CR1, TLR2 and TNF alpha and Iba-1. Furthermore, comparative analysis of the transcriptional profiles was performed between treatments, including gene ontology and reactome enrichment, construction and analysis of protein-protein interaction networks and, finally, comparison of our data with human dataset from AD patients. The treatments affected the expression levels of genes mainly related to microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory responses, with BK promoting an increase in the expression of genes that enrich processes, biological pathways, and cellular components related to immune dysfunction, neurodegeneration and cell cycle. B2 receptor inhibition by HOE-140 resulted in the reduction of AD-related anomalies caused in this system. CONCLUSIONS BK is an important immunomodulatory agent and enhances the immunological changes identified in transgenic neurospheres carrying the genetic load of AD. Bradykinin treatments modulate the expression rates of genes related to microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. Inhibiting bradykinin activity in Alzheimer's disease may slow disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Juvenal
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Carine Meinerz
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria-RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Ayupe
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Moraes Reis
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
| | | | - Micheli Mainardi Pillat
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria-RS, Brazil.
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil.
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15
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Zeng X, Lafferty TK, Sehrawat A, Chen Y, Ferreira PCL, Bellaver B, Povala G, Kamboh MI, Klunk WE, Cohen AD, Lopez OL, Ikonomovic MD, Pascoal TA, Ganguli M, Villemagne VL, Snitz BE, Karikari TK. Multi-analyte proteomic analysis identifies blood-based neuroinflammation, cerebrovascular and synaptic biomarkers in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.06.15.24308975. [PMID: 38947065 PMCID: PMC11213097 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.15.24308975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Background Blood-based biomarkers are gaining grounds for Alzheimer's disease (AD) detection. However, two key obstacles need to be addressed: the lack of methods for multi-analyte assessments and the need for markers of neuroinflammation, vascular, and synaptic dysfunction. Here, we evaluated a novel multi-analyte biomarker platform, NULISAseq CNS disease panel, a multiplex NUcleic acid-linked Immuno-Sandwich Assay (NULISA) targeting ~120 analytes, including classical AD biomarkers and key proteins defining various disease hallmarks. Methods The NULISAseq panel was applied to 176 plasma samples from the MYHAT-NI cohort of cognitively normal participants from an economically underserved region in Western Pennsylvania. Classical AD biomarkers, including p-tau181 p-tau217, p-tau231, GFAP, NEFL, Aβ40, and Aβ42, were also measured using Single Molecule Array (Simoa). Amyloid pathology, tau pathology, and neurodegeneration were evaluated with [11C] PiB PET, [18F]AV-1451 PET, and MRI, respectively. Linear mixed models were used to examine cross-sectional and Wilcoxon rank sum tests for longitudinal associations between NULISA biomarkers and AD pathologies. Spearman correlations were used to compare NULISA and Simoa. Results NULISA concurrently measured 116 plasma biomarkers with good technical performance, and good correlation with Simoa measures. Cross-sectionally, p-tau217 was the top hit to identify Aβ pathology, with age, sex, and APOE genotype-adjusted AUC of 0.930 (95%CI: 0.878-0.983). Fourteen markers were significantly decreased in Aβ-PET+ participants, including TIMP3, which regulates brain Aβ production, the neurotrophic factor BDNF, the energy metabolism marker MDH1, and several cytokines. Longitudinally, FGF2, IL4, and IL9 exhibited Aβ PET-dependent yearly increases in Aβ-PET+ participants. Markers with tau PET-dependent longitudinal changes included the microglial activation marker CHIT1, the reactive astrogliosis marker CHI3L1, the synaptic protein NPTX1, and the cerebrovascular markers PGF, PDGFRB, and VEFGA; all previously linked to AD but only reliably measured in cerebrospinal fluid. SQSTM1, the autophagosome cargo protein, exhibited a significant association with neurodegeneration status after adjusting age, sex, and APOE ε4 genotype. Conclusions Together, our results demonstrate the feasibility and potential of immunoassay-based multiplexing to provide a comprehensive view of AD-associated proteomic changes. Further validation of the identified inflammation, synaptic, and vascular markers will be important for establishing disease state markers in asymptomatic AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Zeng
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Tara K. Lafferty
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Anuradha Sehrawat
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Yijun Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Pamela C. L. Ferreira
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Bruna Bellaver
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Guilherme Povala
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - M. Ilyas Kamboh
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - William E. Klunk
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Ann D. Cohen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Oscar L. Lopez
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Milos D. Ikonomovic
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh HS, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tharick A. Pascoal
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Mary Ganguli
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Victor L. Villemagne
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Beth E. Snitz
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Thomas K. Karikari
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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16
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Naidu G, Tripathi DK, Nagar N, Mishra A, Poluri KM. Targeting chemokine-receptor mediated molecular signaling by ethnopharmacological approaches. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 325:117837. [PMID: 38310985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Infection and inflammation are critical to global human health status and the goal of current pharmacological interventions intends formulating medications/preventives as a measure to deal with this situation. Chemokines and their cognate receptors are major regulatory molecules in many of these ailments. Natural products have been a keen source to the drug development industry, every year contributing significantly to the growing list of FDA approved drugs. A multiverse of natural resource is employed as a part of curative regimen in folk/traditional/ethnomedicine which can be employed to discover, repurpose, and design potent medications for the diseases of clinical concern. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aims to systematically document the ethnopharmacologically active agents targeting the infectious-inflammatory diseases through the chemokine-receptor nexus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Articles related to chemokine/receptor modulating ethnopharmacological anti-inflammatory, anti-infectious natural sources, bioactive compounds, and formulations have been examined with special emphasis on women related diseases. The available literature has been thoroughly scrutinized for the application of traditional medicines in chemokine associated experimental methods, their regulatory outcomes, and pertinence to women's health wherever applicable. Moreover, the potential traditional regimens under clinical trials have been critically assessed. RESULTS A systematic and comprehensive review on the chemokine-receptor targeting ethnopharmaceutics from the available literature has been provided. The article discusses the implication of traditional medicine in the chemokine system dynamics in diverse infectious-inflammatory disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, allergic diseases, inflammatory diseases, neuroinflammation, and cancer. On this note, critical evaluation of the available data surfaced multiple diseases prevalent in women such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, breast cancer, cervical cancer and urinary tract infection. Currently there is no available literature highlighting chemokine-receptor targeting using traditional medicinal approach from women's health perspective. Moreover, despite being potent in vitro and in vivo setups there remains a gap in clinical translation of these formulations, which needs to be strategically and scientifically addressed to pave the way for their successful industrial translation. CONCLUSIONS The review provides an optimistic global perspective towards the applicability of ethnopharmacology in chemokine-receptor regulated infectious and inflammatory diseases with special emphasis on ailments prevalent in women, consecutively addressing their current status of clinical translation and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutami Naidu
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Deepak Kumar Tripathi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nupur Nagar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, 342011, Rajasthan, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India; Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
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17
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Shkundin A, Halaris A. IL-8 (CXCL8) Correlations with Psychoneuroimmunological Processes and Neuropsychiatric Conditions. J Pers Med 2024; 14:488. [PMID: 38793070 PMCID: PMC11122344 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14050488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-8 (IL-8/CXCL8), an essential CXC chemokine, significantly influences psychoneuroimmunological processes and affects neurological and psychiatric health. It exerts a profound effect on immune cell activation and brain function, suggesting potential roles in both neuroprotection and neuroinflammation. IL-8 production is stimulated by several factors, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) known to promote inflammation and disease progression. Additionally, CXCL8 gene polymorphisms can alter IL-8 production, leading to potential differences in disease susceptibility, progression, and severity across populations. IL-8 levels vary among neuropsychiatric conditions, demonstrating sensitivity to psychosocial stressors and disease severity. IL-8 can be detected in blood circulation, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine, making it a promising candidate for a broad-spectrum biomarker. This review highlights the need for further research on the diverse effects of IL-8 and the associated implications for personalized medicine. A thorough understanding of its complex role could lead to the development of more effective and personalized treatment strategies for neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelos Halaris
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA;
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18
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van Olst L, Kamermans A, Halters S, van der Pol SMA, Rodriguez E, Verberk IMW, Verberk SGS, Wessels DWR, Rodriguez-Mogeda C, Verhoeff J, Wouters D, Van den Bossche J, Garcia-Vallejo JJ, Lemstra AW, Witte ME, van der Flier WM, Teunissen CE, de Vries HE. Adaptive immune changes associate with clinical progression of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:38. [PMID: 38658964 PMCID: PMC11044380 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-024-00726-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of dementia. Recent evidence suggests the involvement of peripheral immune cells in the disease, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS We comprehensively mapped peripheral immune changes in AD patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia compared to controls, using cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF). RESULTS We found an adaptive immune signature in AD, and specifically highlight the accumulation of PD1+ CD57+ CD8+ T effector memory cells re-expressing CD45RA in the MCI stage of AD. In addition, several innate and adaptive immune cell subsets correlated to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of AD neuropathology and measures for cognitive decline. Intriguingly, subsets of memory T and B cells were negatively associated with CSF biomarkers for tau pathology, neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation in AD patients. Lastly, we established the influence of the APOE ε4 allele on peripheral immunity. CONCLUSIONS Our findings illustrate significant peripheral immune alterations associated with both early and late clinical stages of AD, emphasizing the necessity for further investigation into how these changes influence underlying brain pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn van Olst
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Present address: The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Alwin Kamermans
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sem Halters
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Susanne M A van der Pol
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ernesto Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Inge M W Verberk
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sanne G S Verberk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Danielle W R Wessels
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carla Rodriguez-Mogeda
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Verhoeff
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dorine Wouters
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Van den Bossche
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Juan J Garcia-Vallejo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Afina W Lemstra
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten E Witte
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neuroinfection & -Inflammation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Helga E de Vries
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Microcirculation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurovascular Disorders, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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19
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Chen H, Zeng Y, Wang D, Li Y, Xing J, Zeng Y, Liu Z, Zhou X, Fan H. Neuroinflammation of Microglial Regulation in Alzheimer's Disease: Therapeutic Approaches. Molecules 2024; 29:1478. [PMID: 38611758 PMCID: PMC11013124 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex degenerative disease of the central nervous system that is clinically characterized by a progressive decline in memory and cognitive function. The pathogenesis of AD is intricate and not yet fully understood. Neuroinflammation, particularly microglial activation-mediated neuroinflammation, is believed to play a crucial role in increasing the risk, triggering the onset, and hastening the progression of AD. Modulating microglial activation and regulating microglial energy metabolic disorder are seen as promising strategies to intervene in AD. The application of anti-inflammatory drugs and the targeting of microglia for the prevention and treatment of AD has emerged as a new area of research interest. This article provides a comprehensive review of the role of neuroinflammation of microglial regulation in the development of AD, exploring the connection between microglial energy metabolic disorder, neuroinflammation, and AD development. Additionally, the advancements in anti-inflammatory and microglia-regulating therapies for AD are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyun Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy (School of Integrative Pharmacy), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.C.)
| | - Yuhan Zeng
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.Z.)
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.Z.)
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yichen Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China;
| | - Jieyu Xing
- College of Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy (School of Integrative Pharmacy), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.C.)
| | - Yuejia Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy (School of Integrative Pharmacy), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (H.C.)
| | - Zheng Liu
- School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China;
| | - Xinhua Zhou
- Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Hui Fan
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.Z.)
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
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20
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Verdonk F, Cambriel A, Hedou J, Ganio E, Bellan G, Gaudilliere D, Einhaus J, Sabayev M, Stelzer IA, Feyaerts D, Bonham AT, Ando K, Choisy B, Drover D, Heifets B, Chretien F, Aghaeepour N, Angst MS, Molliex S, Sharshar T, Gaillard R, Gaudilliere B. An immune signature of postoperative cognitive decline in elderly patients. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.02.582845. [PMID: 38496400 PMCID: PMC10942349 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.02.582845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive decline (POCD) is the predominant complication affecting elderly patients following major surgery, yet its prediction and prevention remain challenging. Understanding biological processes underlying the pathogenesis of POCD is essential for identifying mechanistic biomarkers to advance diagnostics and therapeutics. This longitudinal study involving 26 elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery aimed to characterize the impact of peripheral immune cell responses to surgical trauma on POCD. Trajectory analyses of single-cell mass cytometry data highlighted early JAK/STAT signaling exacerbation and diminished MyD88 signaling post-surgery in patients who developed POCD. Further analyses integrating single-cell and plasma proteomic data collected before surgery with clinical variables yielded a sparse predictive model that accurately identified patients who would develop POCD (AUC = 0.80). The resulting POCD immune signature included one plasma protein and ten immune cell features, offering a concise list of biomarker candidates for developing point-of-care prognostic tests to personalize perioperative management of at-risk patients. The code and the data are documented and available at https://github.com/gregbellan/POCD . Teaser Modeling immune cell responses and plasma proteomic data predicts postoperative cognitive decline.
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21
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Bettinetti-Luque M, Trujillo-Estrada L, Garcia-Fuentes E, Andreo-Lopez J, Sanchez-Varo R, Garrido-Sánchez L, Gómez-Mediavilla Á, López MG, Garcia-Caballero M, Gutierrez A, Baglietto-Vargas D. Adipose tissue as a therapeutic target for vascular damage in Alzheimer's disease. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:840-878. [PMID: 37706346 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue has recently been recognized as an important endocrine organ that plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and in the immune response in many metabolic tissues. With this regard, emerging evidence indicates that an important crosstalk exists between the adipose tissue and the brain. However, the contribution of adipose tissue to the development of age-related diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, remains poorly defined. New studies suggest that the adipose tissue modulates brain function through a range of endogenous biologically active factors known as adipokines, which can cross the blood-brain barrier to reach the target areas in the brain or to regulate the function of the blood-brain barrier. In this review, we discuss the effects of several adipokines on the physiology of the blood-brain barrier, their contribution to the development of Alzheimer's disease and their therapeutic potential. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue From Alzheimer's Disease to Vascular Dementia: Different Roads Leading to Cognitive Decline. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.6/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Bettinetti-Luque
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Laura Trujillo-Estrada
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Garcia-Fuentes
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juana Andreo-Lopez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Raquel Sanchez-Varo
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Histología Humana, Anatomía Patológica y Educación Física y Deportiva, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Lourdes Garrido-Sánchez
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain
| | - Ángela Gómez-Mediavilla
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina. Instituto Teófilo Hernando para la I+D de Fármacos, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuela G López
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina. Instituto Teófilo Hernando para la I+D de Fármacos, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IIS-IP), Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Melissa Garcia-Caballero
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonia Gutierrez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Baglietto-Vargas
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-Plataforma BIONAND, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Heo C, Kwak HJ, Ngo LH, Woo RS, Lee SJ. Implementation of the neuro-glia-vascular unit through co-culture of adult neural stem cells and vascular cells and transcriptomic analysis of diverse Aβ assembly types. J Neurosci Methods 2024; 402:110029. [PMID: 38042304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2023.110029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a specialized layer between blood vessels and tissue in the brain, which is comprised of a neuro-glia-vascular (NGV) unit, thus play a vital role in various brain diseases. NEW METHOD We developed the in vitro NGV units by co-culturing brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs; bEnd.3) and primary neural stem cells extracted from subventricular zone of adult mice. This approach was designed to mimic the RNA profile conditions found in the microvessels of a mouse brain and confirmed through various comparative transcriptome analyses. RESULTS Optimal NGV unit development was achieved by adjusting cell density-dependent co-culture ratios. Specifically, the morphogenic development and neuronal association of astrocyte endfeet were well observed in the contact region with BMECs in the NGV unit. Through transcriptome analysis, we compared co-cultured bEnd.3/NSCs with monocultured bEnd.3 or NSCs and additionally compared them with previously reported mouse brain vascular tissue to show that this NGV unit model is a suitable in vitro model for neurological disease such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S) This in vitro NGV unit was formed from neural stem cells and vascular cells in the brain of adult mice, not embryos. It is very useful for studying brain disease mechanisms by identifying proteins and genes associated with diseases progress. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that this simple in vitro NGV model is appropriate to investigate the relationship between BBB changes and pathological factors in the fields of neurovascular biology and cerebrovascular diseases including AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaejeong Heo
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, South Korea; Institute for Quantum Biophysics (IQB), Department of Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Kwak
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Long Hoang Ngo
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences and Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do 54896, South Korea
| | - Ran-Sook Woo
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon 34824, South Korea.
| | - Sook-Jeong Lee
- Department of Bioactive Material Sciences and Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do 54896, South Korea.
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23
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Tawbeh A, Raas Q, Tahri-Joutey M, Keime C, Kaiser R, Trompier D, Nasser B, Bellanger E, Dessard M, Hamon Y, Benani A, Di Cara F, Cunha Alves T, Berger J, Weinhofer I, Mandard S, Cherkaoui-Malki M, Andreoletti P, Gondcaille C, Savary S. Immune response of BV-2 microglial cells is impacted by peroxisomal beta-oxidation. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1299314. [PMID: 38164407 PMCID: PMC10757945 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1299314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia are crucial for brain homeostasis, and dysfunction of these cells is a key driver in most neurodegenerative diseases, including peroxisomal leukodystrophies. In X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD), a neuroinflammatory disorder, very long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) accumulation due to impaired degradation within peroxisomes results in microglial defects, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing of key genes in peroxisomal VLCFA breakdown (Abcd1, Abcd2, and Acox1), we recently established easily accessible microglial BV-2 cell models to study the impact of dysfunctional peroxisomal β-oxidation and revealed a disease-associated microglial-like signature in these cell lines. Transcriptomic analysis suggested consequences on the immune response. To clarify how impaired lipid degradation impacts the immune function of microglia, we here used RNA-sequencing and functional assays related to the immune response to compare wild-type and mutant BV-2 cell lines under basal conditions and upon pro-inflammatory lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activation. A majority of genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines, as well as genes involved in phagocytosis, antigen presentation, and co-stimulation of T lymphocytes, were found differentially overexpressed. The transcriptomic alterations were reflected by altered phagocytic capacity, inflammasome activation, increased release of inflammatory cytokines, including TNF, and upregulated response of T lymphocytes primed by mutant BV-2 cells presenting peptides. Together, the present study shows that peroxisomal β-oxidation defects resulting in lipid alterations, including VLCFA accumulation, directly reprogram the main cellular functions of microglia. The elucidation of this link between lipid metabolism and the immune response of microglia will help to better understand the pathogenesis of peroxisomal leukodystrophies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Tawbeh
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Quentin Raas
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Mounia Tahri-Joutey
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Hassan I, Settat, Morocco
| | - Céline Keime
- Plateforme GenomEast, IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104, Inserm U1258, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Romain Kaiser
- Plateforme GenomEast, IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104, Inserm U1258, University of Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Doriane Trompier
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Boubker Nasser
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Neurosciences, Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Hassan I, Settat, Morocco
| | - Emma Bellanger
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | - Marie Dessard
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | - Yannick Hamon
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | - Alexandre Benani
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Francesca Di Cara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Tânia Cunha Alves
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Berger
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Isabelle Weinhofer
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stéphane Mandard
- LipSTIC LabEx, University of Bourgogne, INSERM LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France
| | | | | | | | - Stéphane Savary
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France
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Gaunt JR, Zainolabidin N, Yip AKK, Tan JM, Low AYT, Chen AI, Ch'ng TH. Cytokine enrichment in deep cerebellar nuclei is contributed by multiple glial populations and linked to reduced amyloid plaque pathology. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:269. [PMID: 37978387 PMCID: PMC10656954 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02913-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque deposition progress slowly in the cerebellum compared to other brain regions, while the entorhinal cortex (EC) is one of the most vulnerable regions. Using a knock-in AD mouse model (App KI), we show that within the cerebellum, the deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN) has particularly low accumulation of Aβ plaques. To identify factors that might underlie differences in the progression of AD-associated neuropathology across regions, we profiled gene expression in single nuclei (snRNAseq) across all cell types in the DCN and EC of wild-type (WT) and App KI male mice at age 7 months. We found differences in expression of genes associated with inflammatory activation, PI3K-AKT signalling, and neuron support functions between both regions and genotypes. In WT mice, the expression of interferon-response genes in microglia is higher in the DCN than the EC and this enrichment is confirmed by RNA in situ hybridisation, and measurement of inflammatory cytokines by protein array. Our analyses also revealed that multiple glial populations are responsible for establishing this cytokine-enriched niche. Furthermore, homogenates derived from the DCN induced inflammatory gene expression in BV2 microglia. We also assessed the relationship between the DCN microenvironment and Aβ pathology by depleting microglia using a CSF1R inhibitor PLX5622 and saw that, surprisingly, the expression of a subset of inflammatory cytokines was increased while plaque abundance in the DCN was further reduced. Overall, our study revealed the presence of a cytokine-enriched microenvironment unique to the DCN that when modulated, can alter plaque deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Gaunt
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Science Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Norliyana Zainolabidin
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Science Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Alaric K K Yip
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Science Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Jia Min Tan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Science Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Aloysius Y T Low
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Albert I Chen
- Center for Aging Research, Scintillon Institute, 6868 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | - Toh Hean Ch'ng
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Science Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore.
- School of Biological Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 63755, Singapore.
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25
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Wang P, Anderson DE, Ye Y. PI3K-AKT activation resculpts integrin signaling to drive filamentous tau-induced proinflammatory astrogliosis. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:179. [PMID: 37759245 PMCID: PMC10536728 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01128-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microtubule-binding protein tau is a misfolding-prone protein associated with tauopathies. As tau undergoes cell-to-cell transmission, extracellular tau aggregates convert astrocytes into a pro-inflammatory state via integrin activation, causing them to release unknown neurotoxic factors. RESULTS Here, we combine transcriptomics with isotope labeling-based quantitative mass spectrometry analysis of mouse primary astrocyte secretome to establish PI3K-AKT as a critical differentiator between pathogenic and physiological integrin activation; simultaneous activation of PI3K-AKT and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in tau fibril-treated astrocytes changes the output of integrin signaling, causing pro-inflammatory gene upregulation, trans-Golgi network restructuring, and altered secretory flow. Furthermore, NCAM1, as a proximal signaling component in tau-stimulated integrin and PI3K-AKT activation, facilitates the secretion of complement C3 as a main neurotoxic factor. Significantly, tau fibrils-associated astrogliosis and C3 secretion can be mitigated by FAK or PI3K inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal an unexpected function for PI3K-AKT in tauopathy-associated reactive astrogliosis, which may be a promising target for anti-inflammation-based Alzheimer's therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - D Eric Anderson
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Core, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yihong Ye
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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26
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Jorfi M, Park J, Hall CK, Lin CCJ, Chen M, von Maydell D, Kruskop JM, Kang B, Choi Y, Prokopenko D, Irimia D, Kim DY, Tanzi RE. Infiltrating CD8 + T cells exacerbate Alzheimer's disease pathology in a 3D human neuroimmune axis model. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1489-1504. [PMID: 37620442 PMCID: PMC11184920 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01415-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Brain infiltration of peripheral immune cells and their interactions with brain-resident cells may contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. To examine these interactions, in the present study we developed a three-dimensional human neuroimmune axis model comprising stem cell-derived neurons, astrocytes and microglia, together with peripheral immune cells. We observed an increase in the number of T cells (but not B cells) and monocytes selectively infiltrating into AD relative to control cultures. Infiltration of CD8+ T cells into AD cultures led to increased microglial activation, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing, we identified that infiltration of T cells into AD cultures led to induction of interferon-γ and neuroinflammatory pathways in glial cells. We found key roles for the C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) and its receptor, CXCR3, in regulating T cell infiltration and neuronal damage in AD cultures. This human neuroimmune axis model is a useful tool to study the effects of peripheral immune cells in brain disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Jorfi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.
| | - Joseph Park
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Clare K Hall
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Chih-Chung Jerry Lin
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Meng Chen
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Djuna von Maydell
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Jane M Kruskop
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Byunghoon Kang
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Younjung Choi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Dmitry Prokopenko
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Irimia
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Shriners Burns Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Doo Yeon Kim
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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27
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Wang P, Anderson DE, Ye Y. PI3K-AKT activation resculpts integrin signaling to drive filamentous tau-induced proinflammatory astrogliosis. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3253118. [PMID: 37674732 PMCID: PMC10479431 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3253118/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Microtubule-binding protein tau is a misfolding-prone protein associated with tauopathies. As tau undergoes cell-to-cell transmission, extracellular tau aggregates convert astrocytes into a pro-inflammatory state via integrin activation, causing them to release unknown neurotoxic factors. Results Here, we combine transcriptomics with isotope labeling-based quantitative mass spectrometry analysis of mouse primary astrocyte secretome to establish PI3K-AKT as a critical differentiator between pathogenic and physiological integrin activation; simultaneous activation of PI3K-AKT and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in tau fibril-treated astrocytes changes the output of integrin signaling, causing pro-inflammatory gene upregulation, trans-Golgi network restructuring, and altered secretory flow. Furthermore, NCAM1, as a proximal signaling component in tau-stimulated integrin and PI3K-AKT activation, facilitates the secretion of complement C3 as a main neurotoxic factor. Significantly, tau fibrils-associated astrogliosis and C3 secretion can be mitigated by FAK or PI3K inhibitors. Conclusions These findings reveal an unexpected function for PI3K-AKT in tauopathy-associated reactive astrogliosis, which may be a promising target for anti-inflammation-based Alzheimer's therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
| | - D Eric Anderson
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
| | - Yihong Ye
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
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28
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Chmielarz M, Sobieszczańska B, Teisseyre A, Wawrzyńska M, Bożemska E, Środa-Pomianek K. Palmitic Acid Modulates Microglial Cell Response to Metabolic Endotoxemia in an In Vitro Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3463. [PMID: 37571401 PMCID: PMC10421407 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic endotoxemia (ME) is characterized by a 2-3-fold increase in blood endotoxin levels and low-grade systemic inflammation without apparent infection. ME is usually accompanied by metabolic syndrome, characterized by central obesity and hyperlipidemia. According to numerous studies, ME may lead to functional brain disorders, including cognitive decline, depression, and dementia. In the current in vitro study, we aimed to determine the direct and indirect impact of endotoxin (LPS) and palmitic acid (PA), representing saturated fatty acids, on the inflammatory and oxidative stress response in the human microglial HMC3 cells unstimulated and stimulated with IFNγ. The study's results revealed that direct HMC3 cell exposition to endotoxin and PA increased inflammatory response measured as levels of IL-6 and MCP-1 released into the medium and PGE2 levels in cell lysates. Moreover, direct HMC3 cell treatment with PA and LPS induced oxidative stress, i.e., ROS and COX-2 production and lipid peroxidation. On the contrary, an indirect effect of LPS and PA on microglial cells, assessed as the impact of macrophage metabolites, was much lower regarding the inflammatory response, although still associated with oxidative stress. Interestingly, IFNγ had a protective effect on microglial cells, reducing the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress in HMC3 cells treated directly and indirectly with LPS and PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Chmielarz
- Department of Microbiology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-365 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.C.); (E.B.)
| | - Beata Sobieszczańska
- Department of Microbiology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-365 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.C.); (E.B.)
| | - Andrzej Teisseyre
- Department of Biophysics and Neuroscience, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-365 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.T.); (K.Ś.-P.)
| | - Magdalena Wawrzyńska
- Department of Preclinical Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-365 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Edyta Bożemska
- Department of Microbiology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-365 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.C.); (E.B.)
| | - Kamila Środa-Pomianek
- Department of Biophysics and Neuroscience, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-365 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.T.); (K.Ś.-P.)
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29
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Pillat MM, Ayupe AC, Juvenal G, Meinerz C, Glaser T, da Silva Pellegrina DV, Paiva DS, Mello CF, Longo BM, Reis EM, Ulrich H. Differentiated Embryonic Neurospheres from Familial Alzheimer's Disease Model Show Innate Immune and Glial Cell Responses. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:1800-1811. [PMID: 37129730 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10542-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Proteins involved in the Alzheimer's disease (AD), such as amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilin-1 (PS1), play critical roles in early development of the central nervous system (CNS), as well as in innate immune and glial cell responses. Familial AD is associated with the presence of APPswe and PS1dE9 mutations. However, it is still unknown whether these mutations cause deficits in CNS development of carriers. We studied genome-wide gene expression profiles of differentiated neural progenitor cells (NPCs) from wild-type and APPswe/PS1dE9 mouse embryo telencephalon. The occurrence of strong innate immune and glial cell responses in APPswe/PS1dE9 neurospheres mainly involves microglial activation, inflammatory mediators and chemokines. APPswe/PS1dE9 neurospheres augmented up to 100-fold CCL12, CCL5, CCL3, C3, CX3CR1, TLR2 and TNF-alpha expression levels, when compared to WT neurospheres. Expression levels of the glia cell marker GFAP and microglia marker Iba-1 were up to 20-fold upregulated in APPswe/PS1dE9 neurospheres. The secretome of differentiated APPswe/PS1dE9 NPCs revealed enhanced chemoattraction of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. When evaluating the inferred protein interaction networks constructed from the array data, an improvement in astrocyte differentiation in APPswe/PS1dE9 neurospheres was evident in view of increased GFAP expression. Transgenic NPCs differentiated into neural phenotypes presented expression patterns of cytokine, glial cells, and inflammatory mediators characteristic of APPswe/PS1dE9 adult animals. Consequently, the neurogenic niche obtained from differentiation of embryonic APPswe/PS1dE9 neurospheres spontaneously presents several alterations observed in adult AD brains. Finally, our data strengthen pathophysiological hypotheses that propose an early neurodevelopmental origin for familial AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micheli Mainardi Pillat
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Ana Carolina Ayupe
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Juvenal
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carine Meinerz
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Talita Glaser
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Daisylea Souza Paiva
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Fernando Mello
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Moraes Reis
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Temmerman J, Engelborghs S, Bjerke M, D’haeseleer M. Cerebrospinal fluid inflammatory biomarkers for disease progression in Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis: a systematic review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1162340. [PMID: 37520580 PMCID: PMC10374015 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1162340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory processes are involved in the pathophysiology of both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) but their exact contribution to disease progression remains to be deciphered. Biomarkers are needed to define pathophysiological processes of these disorders, who may increasingly co-exist in the elderly generations of the future, due to the rising prevalence in both and ameliorated treatment options with improved life expectancy in MS. The purpose of this review was to provide a systematic overview of inflammatory biomarkers, as measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), that are associated with clinical disease progression. International peer-reviewed literature was screened using the PubMed and Web of Science databases. Disease progression had to be measured using clinically validated tests representing baseline functional and/or cognitive status, the evolution of such clinical scores over time and/or the transitioning from one disease stage to a more severe stage. The quality of included studies was systematically evaluated using a set of questions for clinical, neurochemical and statistical characteristics of the study. A total of 84 papers were included (twenty-five for AD and 59 for MS). Elevated CSF levels of chitinase-3-like protein 1 (YKL-40) were associated with disease progression in both AD and MS. Osteopontin and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were more specifically related to disease progression in AD, whereas the same was true for interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, C-X-C motif ligand 13, glial fibrillary acidic protein and IgG oligoclonal bands in MS. We observed a broad heterogeneity of studies with varying cohort characterization, non-disclosure of quality measures for neurochemical analyses and a lack of adequate longitudinal designs. Most of the retrieved biomarkers are related to innate immune system activity, which seems to be an important mediator of clinical disease progression in AD and MS. Overall study quality was limited and we have framed some recommendations for future biomarker research in this field. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42021264741.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joke Temmerman
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Jette, Brussels, Belgium
- Universiteit Antwerpen, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute Born-Bunge, Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Department of Neurology, Jette, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan Engelborghs
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Jette, Brussels, Belgium
- Universiteit Antwerpen, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute Born-Bunge, Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Department of Neurology, Jette, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maria Bjerke
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Jette, Brussels, Belgium
- Universiteit Antwerpen, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute Born-Bunge, Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Department of Neurology, Jette, Brussels, Belgium
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Department of Clinical Biology, Laboratory of Clinical Neurochemistry, Jette, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Miguel D’haeseleer
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Jette, Brussels, Belgium
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Department of Neurology, Jette, Brussels, Belgium
- National MS Center (NMSC), Neurology, Melsbroek, Steenokkerzeel, Belgium
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31
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Cyr B, de Rivero Vaccari JP. Sex Differences in the Inflammatory Profile in the Brain of Young and Aged Mice. Cells 2023; 12:1372. [PMID: 37408205 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are a leading cause of death worldwide with no cures identified. Thus, there is a critical need for preventative measures and treatments as the number of patients is expected to increase. Many neurodegenerative diseases have sex-biased prevalence, indicating a need to examine sex differences when investigating prevention and treatment strategies. Inflammation is a key contributor to many neurodegenerative diseases and is a promising target for prevention since inflammation increases with age, which is known as inflammaging. Here, we analyzed the protein expression levels of cytokines, chemokines, and inflammasome signaling proteins in the cortex of young and aged male and female mice. Our results show an increase in caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), and ASC specks in females compared to males. Additionally, there was an increase in IL-1α, VEGF-A, CCL3, CXCL1, CCL4, CCL17, and CCL22 in aging females and an increase in IL-8, IL-17a, IL-7, LT-α, and CCL22 in aging males. IL-12/IL-23p40, CCL13, and IL-10 were increased in females compared to males but not with age. These results indicate that there are sex differences in cortical inflammaging and provide potential targets to attenuate inflammation to prevent the development of neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Cyr
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari
- Department of Neurological Surgery and The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience and Aging, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Wang H, Zong Y, Zhu L, Wang W, Han Y. Chemokines in patients with Alzheimer's disease: A meta-analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1047810. [PMID: 36967827 PMCID: PMC10033959 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1047810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease in elderly people. Many researches have reported that neuroinflammation is related to AD. Chemokines are a class of small cytokines that play important roles in cell migration and cell communication, which involved in neuroinflammation. Up to now there is no meta-analysis to explore the difference of chemokines between AD patients and healthy elderly individuals.MethodWe searched PubMed, Web of science, Cochrane library, EMBASE and Scopus databases from inception to January 2022. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers, and the Review Manager 5.3 was used for the meta-analysis.ResultThirty-two articles were included and analyzed. The total number of participants in the included study was 3,331. We found that the levels of CCL5 (SMD = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.91–3.21), CCL15 (SMD = 3.30, 95% CI: 1.48–5.13) and IP-10 (SMD = 3.88, 95% CI: 1.84–5.91) in the plasma of AD patients were higher than healthy people. MCP-1 protein (SMD = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.29–1.05) in the AD patients' CSF was higher than healthy controls.ConclusionThese results suggested that chemokines may play an important role in AD. These findings could provide evidences for the diagnosis and treatment of AD.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021278736, identifier: CRD42021278736.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hecheng Wang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Yu Zong
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Weiyi Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Civil Aviation General Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Weiyi Wang
| | - Yanshuo Han
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
- Yanshuo Han
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33
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Andronie-Cioara FL, Ardelean AI, Nistor-Cseppento CD, Jurcau A, Jurcau MC, Pascalau N, Marcu F. Molecular Mechanisms of Neuroinflammation in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031869. [PMID: 36768235 PMCID: PMC9915182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is the most prominent risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Aging associates with a chronic inflammatory state both in the periphery and in the central nervous system, the evidence thereof and the mechanisms leading to chronic neuroinflammation being discussed. Nonetheless, neuroinflammation is significantly enhanced by the accumulation of amyloid beta and accelerates the progression of Alzheimer's disease through various pathways discussed in the present review. Decades of clinical trials targeting the 2 abnormal proteins in Alzheimer's disease, amyloid beta and tau, led to many failures. As such, targeting neuroinflammation via different strategies could prove a valuable therapeutic strategy, although much research is still needed to identify the appropriate time window. Active research focusing on identifying early biomarkers could help translating these novel strategies from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia Liana Andronie-Cioara
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Adriana Ioana Ardelean
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Carmen Delia Nistor-Cseppento
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.D.N.-C.); (N.P.)
| | - Anamaria Jurcau
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | | | - Nicoleta Pascalau
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.D.N.-C.); (N.P.)
| | - Florin Marcu
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
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