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Che J, Tong J, Kuang X, Zheng C, He N, Liu Z. Hyperuricemia and gout enhanced the risk of long-term mortality in hypertension: insights from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2018. J Hypertens 2024; 42:1390-1398. [PMID: 38690872 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asymptomatic hyperuricemia (HUA) and normouricemic gout are common in clinic but recommendations for them in hypertension management are absent. The present study aims to simultaneously evaluate the effect of HUA and gout on long-term mortality in hypertension. METHODS Individuals from 2007-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were enrolled. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with the aid of the Cox proportional-hazards model. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was made to show the dose-response relationship between uric acid and mortality. All-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality were compared using the Kaplan-Meier curve with a log-rank test. RESULTS Thirty thousand eight hundred and nineteen eligible individuals were included, of which 5841 suffered from HUA and 1476 suffered from gout. During a median follow-up of 7.25 (95% CI 7.18-7.32) years, 2924 (6.8%) patients died, including 722 (1.6%) cases of cardiovascular death. Hypertensive patients with HUA and gout showed 1.34 and 1.29 times higher all-cause mortality compared with those without HUA or gout. For hypertensive patients without gout, HUA was significantly associated with higher risk of all-cause [1.27 (1.13, 1.43)] and cardiovascular [1.80 (1.44, 2.24)] mortality compared with normouricemia. However, for hypertensive patients without HUA, gout was associated with a higher mortality but not statistically significant. A J-shaped relationship was found between serum uric acid and mortality. CONCLUSION HUA and gout are additive risk factors for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertension. Furthermore, asymptomatic HUA is significantly associated with poor long-term prognosis but normouricemic gout is not.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jin Tong
- Department of Respirology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Eliseev MS, Zheliabina OV, Nasonov EL. [Uric acid, cognitive disorders, neurodegeneration]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2024; 96:447-452. [PMID: 38829804 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2024.05.202698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
This article examines the role of uric acid (UA) in cognitive changes and neurodegeneration, focusing on its functions as an antioxidant and prooxidant. Research suggests that changes in serum UA levels may be associated with the development or delay of cognitive impairment, especially in the context of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. It was revealed that there is a relationship between the level of UA and the dynamics of cognitive functions, indicating the potential neuroprotective properties of UA. Particular attention is paid to the balance between the antioxidant and prooxidant properties of UA, which may play a key role in protecting neurons from damage. However, research results are not clear-cut, highlighting the need for further research to more fully understand the role of UA in cognitive processes. Determining the optimal serum UA level may be an important step in developing strategies for the prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment associated with neurodegeneration. Overall, these studies advance the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the interaction between uric acid metabolism and brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - E L Nasonov
- Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
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Yin Z, Yang Z, Liu Y, Zhao L, Liang F. Oxidative stress and neurodegenerative diseases: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Nutr Neurosci 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38753998 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2024.2352195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress (OS) has been linked to neurodegenerative diseases in numerous epidemiological studies; however, whether it is a pathogenesis or a downstream factor remains controversial. METHODS A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was implemented to examine evidence of causality of 15 OS injury markers with 3 major neurodegenerative diseases using available genome-wide association studies statistics. As a main approach, inverse-variance weighted (IVW) analysis was performed. The weighted-median (WM) analysis was used to validate the relationship. In order to investigate the existence of horizontal pleiotropy and correct the IVW estimate, the Radial MR approach was applied. To gauge the consistency and robustness of the findings, several sensitivity and pleiotropy analyses were used. For this analysis, p < 0.05 indicates a nominally causal association; according to the Bonferroni correction test, p < 0.0011 indicates a statistically significant causal association. RESULTS Via IVW and WM, in directional MR, it was genetically predicted that zinc was nominally causally correlated with the risk of Parkinson's disease but not after Bonferroni correction test; alpha-tocopherol was nominally causally correlated with the risk of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) but not after Bonferroni correction test; furthermore, in reverse MR, it was genetically predicted that Alzheimer's disease was causally correlated with uric acid but not after Bonferroni correction test. These above findings were stable across sensitivity and pleiotropy analyses. CONCLUSIONS Based on the current study, there is no authentic genetic causal association between OS biomarkers and neurodegenerative diseases. The complex relationship is required to be confirmed in future experimental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Yin
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Acupuncture Clinical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuoqin Yang
- Acupuncture Department, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Pidu district, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- Rehabilitation Department, the West China Hospital, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Acupuncture Clinical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanrong Liang
- School of Acu-Mox and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Acupuncture Clinical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Zhang T, An Y, Shen Z, Yang H, Jiang J, Chen L, Lu Y, Xia Y. Serum urate levels and neurodegenerative outcomes: a prospective cohort study and mendelian randomization analysis of the UK Biobank. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:106. [PMID: 38730474 PMCID: PMC11088014 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01476-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies on the associations between serum urate levels and neurodegenerative outcomes have yielded inconclusive results, and the causality remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether urate levels are associated with the risks of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and neurodegenerative deaths. METHODS This prospective study included 382,182 participants (45.7% men) from the UK Biobank cohort. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the associations between urate levels and risk of neurodegenerative outcomes. In the Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, urate-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified through a genome-wide association study. Both linear and non-linear MR approaches were utilized to investigate the potential causal associations. RESULTS During a median follow-up period of 12 years, we documented 5,400 ADRD cases, 2,553 PD cases, and 1,531 neurodegenerative deaths. Observational data revealed that a higher urate level was associated with a decreased risk of ADRD (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.93, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.90, 0.96), PD (HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.82, 0.91), and neurodegenerative death (HR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.83, 0.94). Negative linear associations between urate levels and neurodegenerative events were observed (all P-values for overall < 0.001 and all P-values for non-linearity > 0.05). However, MR analyses yielded no evidence of either linear or non-linear associations between genetically predicted urate levels and the risk of the aforementioned neurodegenerative events. CONCLUSION Although the prospective cohort study demonstrated that elevated urate levels were associated with a reduced risk of neurodegenerative outcomes, MR analyses found no evidence of causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingjing Zhang
- School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
- Institutes of Brain Science, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yu An
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenfei Shen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Honghao Yang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinguo Jiang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China
| | - Liangkai Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanhui Lu
- School of Nursing, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, China.
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China.
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Chen TS, Mi NN, Lao HY, Wang CY, Lo WLA, Mao YR, Tang Y, Pei Z, Yuan JQ, Huang DF. Investigating the nexus of metabolic syndrome, serum uric acid, and dementia risk: a prospective cohort study. BMC Med 2024; 22:115. [PMID: 38481272 PMCID: PMC10938845 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03302-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global dementia prevalence is surging, necessitating research into contributing factors. We aimed to investigate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS), its components, serum uric acid (SUA) levels, and dementia risk. METHODS Our prospective study comprised 466,788 participants without pre-existing MetS from the UK Biobank. We confirmed dementia diagnoses based on the ICD-10 criteria (F00-03). To evaluate the dementia risk concerning MetS, its components, and SUA levels, we applied Cox proportional hazards models, while adjusting for demographic factors. RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 12.7 years, we identified 6845 dementia cases. Individuals with MetS had a 25% higher risk of all-cause dementia (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19-1.31). The risk increased with the number of MetS components including central obesity, dyslipidemia for high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia for triglycerides. Particularly for those with all five components (HR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.51-2.04). Dyslipidemia for HDL cholesterol, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia for triglycerides were independently associated with elevated dementia risk (p < 0.01). MetS was further linked to an increased risk of all-cause dementia (11%) and vascular dementia (VD, 50%) among individuals with SUA levels exceeding 400 μmol/L (all-cause dementia: HR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.02-1.21; VD: HR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.28-1.77). CONCLUSIONS Our study provides robust evidence supporting the association between MetS, its components, and dementia risk. These findings emphasize the importance of considering MetS and SUA levels in assessing dementia risk, offering valuable insights for prevention and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Sr Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, WHO Collaborating Centre for Rehabilitation CHN-50, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning-Ning Mi
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hubert Yuenhei Lao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, WHO Collaborating Centre for Eye Care and Vision CHN-151, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Chen-Yu Wang
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Wai Leung Ambrose Lo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Rong Mao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, WHO Collaborating Centre for Rehabilitation CHN-50, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, WHO Collaborating Centre for Rehabilitation CHN-50, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhong Pei
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
| | - Jin-Qiu Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Clinical Big Data Research Centre, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Dong-Feng Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, WHO Collaborating Centre for Rehabilitation CHN-50, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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Zhao G, Guan J. Sex-dependent association of serum uric acid levels with amyloid accumulation among amyloid-positive older adults. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296738. [PMID: 38324515 PMCID: PMC10849271 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to examine the potential effect of sex on the longitudinal association of baseline serum uric acid levels with brain amyloid accumulation over time among older adults with and without abnormal amyloid. At baseline, the study sample comprised 499 older adults, including 276 men and 223 women. Linear mixed-effects regression models were fitted to estimate the individual slopes of change in brain amyloid accumulation [as measured by AV45 standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR)] over time. At baseline, we did not observe a relationship between serum uric acid levels and brain amyloid deposition in women or men regardless of amyloid status. Among amyloid negative subjects, women and men did not differ in the relationship between baseline serum uric acid and the annual change in amyloid accumulation in subjects with normal amyloid levels. In amyloid positive women, serum uric acid levels were not associated with the annual change in amyloid accumulation (unstandardized β = 0.0005, SE = 0.0006, p value = 0.4179). However, in amyloid positive men, serum uric acid levels were negatively associated with the annual change in amyloid accumulation (unstandardized β = -0.0015, SE = 0.0005, p value = 0.0048). These findings support a potential sex-specific effect on the relationship between serum uric acid levels and amyloid accumulation among amyloid positive older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanan Zhao
- Department of Urology, Lishui City People’s Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Guan
- Department of Pharmacy, Lishui City People’s Hospital, Zhejiang, China
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Zhuang H, Cao X, Tang X, Zou Y, Yang H, Liang Z, Yan X, Chen X, Feng X, Shen L. Investigating metabolic dysregulation in serum of triple transgenic Alzheimer's disease male mice: implications for pathogenesis and potential biomarkers. Amino Acids 2024; 56:10. [PMID: 38315232 PMCID: PMC10844422 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03375-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease that lacks convenient and accessible peripheral blood diagnostic markers and effective drugs. Metabolic dysfunction is one of AD risk factors, which leaded to alterations of various metabolites in the body. Pathological changes of the brain can be reflected in blood metabolites that are expected to explain the disease mechanisms or be candidate biomarkers. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of targeted metabolites within peripheral blood of AD mouse model, with the purpose of exploring the disease mechanism and potential biomarkers. Targeted metabolomics was used to quantify 256 metabolites in serum of triple transgenic AD (3 × Tg-AD) male mice. Compared with controls, 49 differential metabolites represented dysregulation in purine, pyrimidine, tryptophan, cysteine and methionine and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Among them, adenosine, serotonin, N-acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine, and acetylcholine play a key role in regulating neural transmitter network. The alteration of S-adenosine-L-homocysteine, S-adenosine-L-methionine, and trimethylamine-N-oxide in AD mice serum can served as indicator of AD risk. The results revealed the changes of metabolites in serum, suggesting that metabolic dysregulation in periphery in AD mice may be related to the disturbances in neuroinhibition, the serotonergic system, sleep function, the cholinergic system, and the gut microbiota. This study provides novel insights into the dysregulation of several key metabolites and metabolic pathways in AD, presenting potential avenues for future research and the development of peripheral biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Zhuang
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueshan Cao
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Tang
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongdong Zou
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Yang
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Liang
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Yan
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolu Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingui Feng
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Shen
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
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Hu S, Qiu S, Wan B, Ruan L, Zhu L, Wang S, Su L, Guo Q, Xu J, Wei Y. Association Between Serum Uric Acid and Abdominal Aortic Calcification in Adults Aged 40 to 80 years: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. Angiology 2024:33197241227275. [PMID: 38212979 DOI: 10.1177/00033197241227275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
There are numerous causes of abdominal aortic calcification (AAC), among which the relationship between serum uric acid and AAC still needs to be investigated further. The aim of this research was to ascertain whether serum uric acid is correlated with AAC. Our study included 3007 participants. We described the study population characteristics and utilized univariate analysis, stratified analysis, multiple equation regression analysis, smoothed curve fitting, and threshold effects analysis. AAC Total 24 score is used to reflect the range of aortic calcification at each vertebral level. As serum uric acid increased, the AAC Total 24 score first decreased and then increased. The fold point is located when serum uric is at 3.5 mg/dL. After adjusting for 16 covariates, the beta values for the groups with moderate and high serum uric acid levels were 0.34 and 0.53, respectively, compared with the low serum uric acid tertile group (P < .05). Our research indicates a negative correlation between serum acid level and AAC when serum uric acid <3.5 mg/dl, but it is positively correlated with the formation of AAC when serum uric acid >3.5 mg/dl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shengyu Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bingen Wan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Liancheng Ruan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lingxiao Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Siling Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lang Su
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianjun Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yiping Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Liu Q, Peng M, Yang T, Si G. Uric acid levels and risk of cognitive impairment: Dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293832. [PMID: 37917590 PMCID: PMC10621826 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Studying the effects of uric acid levels on cognitive function and quantifying the dose-response relationship. METHODS Based on PubMed and Embase search terms, we identified prospective cohort studies that included blood uric acid as a risk factor and cognitive impairment as a result up to September 2022. We extracted pooled relative risks (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Nine reports (including 488,915 participants and 5516 cognitive impairment cases) with median follow-up of 8.8-22 years were eligible for analyses. Compared with lowest category of blood uric acid concentration, the combined RR of cognitive impairment events in the highest classification was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.70-0.92, P < 0.001). Dose-response analysis of eight reports (including 484,297 participants and 5059 cognitive impairment cases) showed that there was no evidence of a curvilinear relationship between blood uric acid levels and cognitive impairment (P = 0.51 for nonlinear relationship). The summary RR of cognitive impairment for an increase of 1 mg/dL blood uric acid level was 0.98 (95% CI: 0.95-1.00; linear trend P = 0.07, I2 = 67.1%, heterogeneity P < 0.05). There was also a linear negative association between blood uric acid levels and cognitive impairment risk in the male subgroup analysis (RR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Levels of blood uric acid are not related to risk of cognitive impairment. A subgroup analysis shows that the rise in blood uric acid levels in the male population is related to a decreased risk of cognitive impairment. These results need to be confirmed by further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Department of Chinese and Western Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Peng
- Department of Chinese and Western Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Tiantian Yang
- Department of Chinese and Western Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Guomin Si
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Department of Chinese and Western Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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10
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Otani N, Hoshiyama E, Ouchi M, Takekawa H, Suzuki K. Uric acid and neurological disease: a narrative review. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1164756. [PMID: 37333005 PMCID: PMC10268604 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1164756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia often accompanies hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and chronic renal disease; it is also closely related to cardiovascular disease. Moreover, several epidemiological studies have linked hyperuricemia and ischemic stroke. However, uric acid may also have neuroprotective effects because of its antioxidant properties. An association between low uric acid levels and neurodegenerative diseases has been suggested, which may be attributed to diminished neuroprotective effects as a result of reduced uric acid. This review will focus on the relationship between uric acid and various neurological diseases including stroke, neuroimmune diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. When considering both the risk and pathogenesis of neurological diseases, it is important to consider the conflicting dual nature of uric acid as both a vascular risk factor and a neuroprotective factor. This dual nature of uric acid is important because it may help to elucidate the biological role of uric acid in various neurological diseases and provide new insights into the etiology and treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Otani
- Department of Cardiology, Dokkyo Medical University Nikkyo Medical Center, Mibu, Japan
| | - Eisei Hoshiyama
- Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Japan
| | - Motoshi Ouchi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Takekawa
- Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Japan
- Stroke Center, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Japan
| | - Keisuke Suzuki
- Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Japan
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Zhang C, Zhang X, Meng P, Gao H, Bai B, Li D. The association between serum uric acid and cognitive performance in patients with ischemic stroke is modified by estimated glomerular filtration rate. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7097. [PMID: 37130897 PMCID: PMC10154290 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34352-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and poor cognitive performance in patients with ischemic stroke is unclear. We hypothesized that the severity of renal function mediates the association between SUA and cognitive dysfunction.A retrospective analysis of 608 patients with ischemic stroke was conducted between 2016 and 2020. SUA was obtained from inpatient medical records. Global cognitive function via mini-mental state exam (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was determined one month after hospital discharge. The relationship between SUA and cognitive function was assessed by multiple linear and logistic regression analyses. Patients had a mean age of 66.6 years (SD: 4.1 years), and 52% were male. The mean SUA level was 298.6 ± 75.4 μmol/L. SUA increases were significantly positively associated with lower MMSE and MoCA scores and increased risk of moderate-severe cognitive impairment one month after stroke (p < 0.01), even after adjusting for factors including age, gender, BMI, diabetes and hypertension history. Adding a term for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) attenuated these associations such that SUA was no longer associated with cognitive performance. A fully adjusted stronger negative association between SUA and cognitive performance was found in those who had lower eGFR, with a significant eGFR interaction for MMSE (p-interaction = 0.016) and MoCA (p-interaction = 0.005). In patients with ischemic stroke, SUA showed an inverse association with cognitive function among those who have lower eGFR. The renal function might mediate the association between SUA and cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiuping Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Pengfei Meng
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Huizhong Gao
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Bo Bai
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Dongfang Li
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
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Chang B, Xiong C, Ni C, Chen P, Jiang M, Mei J, Niu C. Prediction of STN-DBS for Parkinson's disease by uric acid-related brain function connectivity: A machine learning study based on resting state function MRI. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1105107. [PMID: 36824266 PMCID: PMC9941535 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1105107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by dyskinesia and is closely related to oxidative stress. Uric acid (UA) is a natural antioxidant found in the body. Previous studies have shown that UA has played an important role in the development and development of PD and is an important biomarker. Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) is a common treatment for PD. Methods Based on resting state function MRI (rs-fMRI), the relationship between UA-related brain function connectivity (FC) and STN-DBS outcomes in PD patients was studied. We use UA and DC values from different brain regions to build the FC characteristics and then use the SVR model to predict the outcome of the operation. Results The results show that PD patients with UA-related FCs are closely related to STN-DBS efficacy and can be used to predict prognosis. A machine learning model based on UA-related FC was successfully developed for PD patients. Discussion The two biomarkers, UA and rs-fMRI, were combined to predict the prognosis of STN-DBS in treating PD. Neurosurgeons are provided with effective tools to screen the best candidate and predict the prognosis of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Brain Disease, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chi Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Brain Disease, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chen Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Brain Disease, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Brain Disease, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Manli Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Brain Disease, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiaming Mei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Brain Disease, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chaoshi Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Brain Disease, Hefei, Anhui, China,*Correspondence: Chaoshi Niu,
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13
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Wang D, Wang Y, Xu D, Zhou G, He S. Relationship between uric acid and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Int J Neurosci 2023; 133:222-231. [PMID: 34913811 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2021.1903001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To explored Relationship between uric acid and cerebral amyloid angiopathy; Materials and methods: ZO-1 and RAGE in HBMECs were detected by western blotting, and then, we analyzed ZO-1, occludin, and RAGE mRNA expression levels in different treatment groups using RTPCR. Cell counts and the relative αSMA fluorescence intensity were measured in order to evaluate the protective effect of uric acid against injury to HBVSMCs. Analysis of variance showed that LDH leakage rate was used to verify the uric acid protective effect on the injury induced by Aβ1-40. After that, the level of uric acid in serum and Aβ1-40 in brain tissue was analyzed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry to evaluate the protective effect of uric acid in the brain of APP23 mice. Meanwhile, Occludin, ZO-1, and RAGE protein levels were measured by western blotting; Results: Uric acid reduced the negative effects of Aβ on the vascular endothelium and smooth muscle cells and protected the vascular wall in vitro. In APP23 mice, Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 levels were significantly elevated in brain tissues and further increased after uric acid concentration was decreased. In APP23 mice, ZO-1 and occludin expression levels were both significantly lower than those in wild-type animals. After uric acid concentration was lowered in APP23 mice, ZO-1 and occludin expression levels were significantly lower than those in untreated animals; Conclusions: Uric acid in the blood protects the blood vessels from CAA damage to the blood vessel wall, and reduces the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Dehui Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyong Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwei He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, People's Republic of China
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14
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Interactive effect of serum uric acid and handgrip strength on all-cause mortality among Japanese community-dwelling people. Metabol Open 2022; 17:100227. [PMID: 36618550 PMCID: PMC9816780 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2022.100227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Uric acid is both a pro-oxidant and an antioxidant. This study examined whether serum uric acid (SUA) is associated with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular biomarkers in members of the general population who had varying levels of handgrip strength (HGS). Methods The analysis is based on 1736 participants, of whom 785 were male (69 ± 11 years old) and 951 were female (69 ± 9 years old). We obtained adjusted relative risk estimates for all-cause mortality from the Japanese Basic Resident Registry and used a Cox proportional hazards model (adjusted for possible confounders) to determine the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results The results indicated a significant interaction between the effects of SUA levels and HGS on all-cause mortality risk. Among participants with low HGS (<30.0 kg in males, <20.0 kg in females), low SUA levels (<3.5 mg/dL in males, <3.0 mg/dL in females; HR: 2.40; 95% CI: 1.07-5.40) and high SUA levels (≥8.0 mg/dL in males, ≥7.0 mg/dL in females; HR: 3.05; 95% CI: 1.41-6.59) were associated with a significantly higher HR for all-cause mortality than medium SUA levels (3.5-7.9 mg/dL in males, 3.0-6.9 mg/dL in females). Among participants with high HGS (≥30.0 kg in males; ≥20.0 kg in females), there was no difference between the HR for all-cause mortality between the three SUA-category groups. Conclusions The association between SUA and the risk of all-cause mortality was U-shaped for this population of community-dwelling adults. This was primarily true for those with low HGS.
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15
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Xu L, Lyu W, Wei P, Zheng Q, Li C, Zhang Z, Li J. Lower preoperative serum uric acid level may be a risk factor for postoperative delirium in older patients undergoing hip fracture surgery: a matched retrospective case-control study. BMC Anesthesiol 2022; 22:282. [PMID: 36071379 PMCID: PMC9450341 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-022-01824-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common complication after hip fracture surgery that is associated with various short- and long-term outcomes. The mechanism of POD may be associated with the oxidative stress process. Uric acid has been shown to provide a neuroprotective effect in various neurodegenerative diseases through its antioxidant properties. However, it is unclear whether lower preoperative serum uric acid levels are associated with the development of POD after hip fracture surgery. Therefore, this study assessed the association of lower preoperative uric acid levels in patients with POD during hospitalization. Methods This is a matched retrospective case-control study that included 96 older patients (≥65 y) who underwent hip fracture surgery. POD was diagnosed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. Patients diagnosed with POD (cases) were matched 1:1 with patients without POD (controls) on the basis of age, sex, and anesthesia type. The relationship between preoperative uric acid and POD was analyzed by multivariable analysis. Results The POD and non-POD groups each had 48 patients. In the univariate analysis, lower log preoperative serum uric acid value, higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and cerebrovascular disease were more likely in patients with POD than in those with no POD. Multivariable conditional logistic regression analysis showed that lower log preoperative serum uric acid (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.028; confidence interval [CI], 0.001–0.844; p = 0.040), higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (aOR, 1.314; 95% CI, 1.053–1.638; p = 0.015), and increased surgery duration (aOR, 1.034; 95% CI, 1.004–1.065; p = 0.024) were associated with increased risk of POD. Conclusions Lower preoperative serum uric acid levels may be an independent risk factor for POD after adjustment for possible confounding factors. However, large prospective studies are needed to confirm this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, P.R. China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, P.R. China
| | - Wenyuan Lyu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, P.R. China
| | - Penghui Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, P.R. China
| | - Chengwei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, P.R. China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, P.R. China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, P.R. China. .,Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, P.R. China.
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Ou YN, Zhao B, Fu Y, Sheng ZH, Gao PY, Tan L, Yu JT. The Association of Serum Uric Acid Level, Gout, and Alzheimer's Disease: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 89:1063-1073. [PMID: 35964198 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between serum uric acid (UA) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk still remained ambiguous despite extensive attempts. OBJECTIVE Via the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design, we aimed to examine the bidirectional causal relationships of serum UA, gout, and the risk of AD. METHODS Genetic variants of UA, gout, and AD were extracted from published genome-wide association summary statistics. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW, the primary method), and several sensitivity methods (MR-Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode) were used to calculate the effect estimates. Egger regression, MR-PRESSO and leave-one-SNP-out analysis were performed to identify potential violations. RESULTS Genetic proxies for serum UA concentration [odds ratio (ORIVW) = 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.01-1.19, p = 0.031] were related with an increased risk of AD using 25 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). This causal effect was confirmed by sensitivity analyses including MR-Egger (1.22, 1.06-1.42, p = 0.014), weighted median (1.18, 1.05-1.33, p = 0.006), and weighted mode (1.20, 1.07-1.35, p = 0.005) methods. No evidence of notable directional pleiotropy and heterogeneity were identified (p > 0.05). Three SNPs (rs2078267, rs2231142, and rs11722228) significantly drove the observed causal effects. Supportive causal effect of genetically determined gout on AD risk was demonstrated using two SNPs (ORIVW = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.00-1.11, p = 0.057). No reverse causal effects of AD on serum UA levels and gout risk were found. CONCLUSION The findings revealed a causal relationship between elevated serum UA level and AD risk. However, further research is still warranted to investigate whether serum UA could be a reliable biomarker and therapeutic target for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Ou
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Fu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ze-Hu Sheng
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Pei-Yang Gao
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Tang X, Song ZH, Cardoso MA, Zhou JB, Simó R. The relationship between uric acid and brain health from observational studies. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:1989-2003. [PMID: 35670991 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01016-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study conducts a systematic literature review and meta-analysis regarding the potential influence of serum uric acid levels on cerebral small vessel diseases and the cognitive status in the prodromal stages of dementia. We identified four different cerebral small vessel diseases and three specific domains of cognitive performance to be considered in the literature search. The analysis contained 14 studies (13 cross-sectional design and one longitudinal design) with 11,502 participants measuring the relationship between uric acid and cerebral small vessel disease. In both continuous and categorical analyses, significant associations were found between hyperuricemia and cerebral small vessel diseases (continuous data: pooled OR: 1.00, 95%CI: 1.00-1.01 and categorical data: pooled OR: 1.42, 95%CI: 1.15-1.75). For the relationship between uric acid and cognitive performance, 19 studies with 49,901 participants were considered, including eight cohort studies, and 11 cross-sectional studies. The cross-sectional data showed that a marginal relationship existed between uric acid and global cognition (β: 0.00, 95%CI: -0.01-0.00). The pooled analysis of cohort studies indicated that higher uric acid had a deleterious effect on attention and executive function (continuous data: β: -0.02, 95%CI: -0.04-0.00 and categorical data: β: -0.03, 95%CI: -0.07-0.00). Conclusion: Our study indicated that a higher level of uric acid had an adverse effect on brain health. Furthermore, a high level of uric acid is related to cognitive decline in attention and executive function, which may exist a long time before the diagnosis of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyao Tang
- Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Marly Augusto Cardoso
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jian-Bo Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No1. Dongjiaomingxiang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100073, China.
| | - Rafael Simó
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron. Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR). Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de La Vall d'Hebron, 119, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes Y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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18
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Coelho FC, Cerchiaro G, Araújo SES, Daher JPL, Cardoso SA, Coelho GF, Guimarães AG. Is There a Connection between the Metabolism of Copper, Sulfur, and Molybdenum in Alzheimer’s Disease? New Insights on Disease Etiology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147935. [PMID: 35887282 PMCID: PMC9324259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other forms of dementia was ranked 3rd in both the Americas and Europe in 2019 in a World Health Organization (WHO) publication listing the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Copper (Cu) imbalance has been reported in AD and increasing evidence suggests metal imbalance, including molybdenum (Mo), as a potential link with AD occurrence.We conducted an extensive literature review of the last 60 years of research on AD and its relationship with Cu, sulfur (S), and Mo at out of range levels.Weanalyzed the interactions among metallic elements’ metabolisms;Cu and Mo are biological antagonists, Mo is a sulfite oxidase and xanthine oxidase co-factor, and their low activities impair S metabolism and reduce uric acid, respectively. We found significant evidence in the literature of a new potential mechanism linking Cu imbalance to Mo and S abnormalities in AD etiology: under certain circumstances, the accumulation of Cu not bound to ceruloplasmin might affect the transport of Mo outside the blood vessels, causing a mild Mo deficiency that might lowerthe activity of Mo and S enzymes essential for neuronal activity. The current review provides an updated discussion of the plausible mechanisms combining Cu, S, and Mo alterations in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Cunha Coelho
- Laboratório de Fitotecnia (LFIT), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro—UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-22-998509469
| | - Giselle Cerchiaro
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Av. dos Estados, 5001, Bl. B, Santo André 09210-170, Brazil;
| | - Sheila Espírito Santo Araújo
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual (LBCT), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro—UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Brazil; (S.E.S.A.); (A.G.G.)
| | - João Paulo Lima Daher
- Departamento de Patologia, Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-350, Brazil;
| | - Silvia Almeida Cardoso
- Departamento de Medicina e Enfermagem (DEM), Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36579-900, Brazil;
| | - Gustavo Fialho Coelho
- Instituto de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé 27930-560, Brazil;
| | - Arthur Giraldi Guimarães
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual (LBCT), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro—UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, Brazil; (S.E.S.A.); (A.G.G.)
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Yu H, Shi K, Yang H, Sun D, Lv J, Ma Y, Man S, Yin J, Wang B, Yu C, Li L. Association of Sleep Duration with Hyperuricemia in Chinese Adults: A Prospective Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19138105. [PMID: 35805762 PMCID: PMC9265381 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19138105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the association of sleep duration with hyperuricemia. Especially lacking is evidence from longitudinal studies. Based on the MJ Health Examination Database in Beijing, China, a prospective study was designed. Participants were classed into short, normal, and long groups by sleep duration. The Cox regression model was used to estimate the hazard risk of hyperuricemia for short or long sleep duration compared with the normal group after adjusting for potential confounders. During a median 3.08 years follow-up, 4868 (14.31%) incident hyperuricemia events were documented among 34,025 participants with a crude incidence rate of 39.49 per 1000 persons. Years after adjusting for potential confounders, a 7% higher risk of hyperuricemia in the short sleep duration group (<7 h, 95% confidence interval: 1.01−1.14) and a 15% lower risk in the long sleep duration group (≥8 h, 95%CI: 0.74−0.97) were found compared with the normal group (7−8 h) (p for trend < 0.001). Nevertheless, the association of the short sleep duration group was marginally significant after further adjustment of the count of white blood cells (hazard ratio: 1.07, 95%CI: 1.00−1.13). Sleep duration was inversely associated with hyperuricemia, which highlights the public health significance of sufficient sleep duration for preventing hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.Y.); (K.S.); (H.Y.); (D.S.); (J.L.); (S.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Kexiang Shi
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.Y.); (K.S.); (H.Y.); (D.S.); (J.L.); (S.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Haiming Yang
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.Y.); (K.S.); (H.Y.); (D.S.); (J.L.); (S.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Dianjianyi Sun
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.Y.); (K.S.); (H.Y.); (D.S.); (J.L.); (S.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.Y.); (K.S.); (H.Y.); (D.S.); (J.L.); (S.M.); (L.L.)
- Peking University Health Science Center, Meinian Public Health Institute, Beijing 100191, China;
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Peking University Health Science Center, Meinian Public Health Institute, Beijing 100191, China;
- Meinian Institute of Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Sailimai Man
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.Y.); (K.S.); (H.Y.); (D.S.); (J.L.); (S.M.); (L.L.)
- Peking University Health Science Center, Meinian Public Health Institute, Beijing 100191, China;
- Meinian Institute of Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | | | - Bo Wang
- Peking University Health Science Center, Meinian Public Health Institute, Beijing 100191, China;
- Meinian Institute of Health, Beijing 100191, China
- Correspondence: (B.W.); (C.Y.)
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.Y.); (K.S.); (H.Y.); (D.S.); (J.L.); (S.M.); (L.L.)
- Peking University Health Science Center, Meinian Public Health Institute, Beijing 100191, China;
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing 100191, China
- Correspondence: (B.W.); (C.Y.)
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; (H.Y.); (K.S.); (H.Y.); (D.S.); (J.L.); (S.M.); (L.L.)
- Peking University Health Science Center, Meinian Public Health Institute, Beijing 100191, China;
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing 100191, China
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20
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Wang Y, Juan L, Peng J, Wang T, Zang T, Wang Y. Explore potential disease related metabolites based on latent factor model. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:269. [PMID: 35387615 PMCID: PMC8985251 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08504-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In biological systems, metabolomics can not only contribute to the discovery of metabolic signatures for disease diagnosis, but is very helpful to illustrate the underlying molecular disease-causing mechanism. Therefore, identification of disease-related metabolites is of great significance for comprehensively understanding the pathogenesis of diseases and improving clinical medicine. Results In the paper, we propose a disease and literature driven metabolism prediction model (DLMPM) to identify the potential associations between metabolites and diseases based on latent factor model. We build the disease glossary with disease terms from different databases and an association matrix based on the mapping between diseases and metabolites. The similarity of diseases and metabolites is used to complete the association matrix. Finally, we predict potential associations between metabolites and diseases based on the matrix decomposition method. In total, 1,406 direct associations between diseases and metabolites are found. There are 119,206 unknown associations between diseases and metabolites predicted with a coverage rate of 80.88%. Subsequently, we extract training sets and testing sets based on data increment from the database of disease-related metabolites and assess the performance of DLMPM on 19 diseases. As a result, DLMPM is proven to be successful in predicting potential metabolic signatures for human diseases with an average AUC value of 82.33%. Conclusion In this paper, a computational model is proposed for exploring metabolite-disease pairs and has good performance in predicting potential metabolites related to diseases through adequate validation. The results show that DLMPM has a better performance in prioritizing candidate diseases-related metabolites compared with the previous methods and would be helpful for researchers to reveal more information about human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongtian Wang
- School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China. .,Key Laboratory of Big Data Storage and Management Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Liran Juan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Jiajie Peng
- School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Big Data Storage and Management Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Big Data Storage and Management Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianyi Zang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
| | - Yadong Wang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
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21
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Zheng Y, Ji B, Chen S, Zhou R, Ni R. The impact of uremic toxins on Alzheimer's disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2022; 19:104-118. [PMID: 35048807 DOI: 10.2174/1567205019666220120113305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia, pathologically characterized by accumulation of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is highly prevalent in elderly population closely associated with occurrence of dementia. Recent epidemiological and experimental studies suggest a potential association of CKD with AD. Both diseases share a panel of identical risk factors, such as type 2 diabetes; and hypertension. However, the relationship between CKD and AD is unclear. Lower clearance of a panel of uremic toxin including cystatin-C, guanidine, and adiponectin due to CKD is implied to contribute to AD pathogenesis. In this review we summarize the current evidence from epidemiological, experimental and clinical studies on the potential contribution of uremic toxins to AD pathogenesis. We describe outstanding questions and propose an outlook on the link between uremic toxins and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Ji
- Department of Radiopharmacy and Molecular Imaging, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiqing Ni
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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22
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Mijailovic NR, Vesic K, Borovcanin MM. The Influence of Serum Uric Acid on the Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:828476. [PMID: 35530021 PMCID: PMC9072620 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.828476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Uric acid is commonly known for its bad reputation. However, it has been shown that uric acid may be actively involved in neurotoxicity and/or neuroprotection. These effects could be caused by oxidative stress or inflammatory processes localized in the central nervous system, but also by other somatic diseases or systemic conditions. Our interest was to summarize and link the current data on the possible role of uric acid in cognitive functioning. We also focused on the two putative molecular mechanisms related to the pathological effects of uric acid-oxidative stress and inflammatory processes. The hippocampus is a prominent anatomic localization included in expressing uric acid's potential impact on cognitive functioning. In neurodegenerative and mental disorders, uric acid could be involved in a variety of ways in etiopathogenesis and clinical presentation. Hyperuricemia is non-specifically observed more frequently in the general population and after various somatic illnesses. There is increasing evidence to support the hypothesis that hyperuricemia may be beneficial for cognitive functioning because of its antioxidant effects but may also be a potential risk factor for cognitive dysfunction, in part because of increased inflammatory activity. In this context, gender specificities must also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasa R Mijailovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Katarina Vesic
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milica M Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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23
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Kong Y, Liu C, Zhang C, Wang W, Li Y, Qiu H, Wang G, Li D, Chen X, Lv Z, Zhou D, Wan L, Ai M, Chen J, Ran L, Kuang L. Association Between Serum Uric Acid Levels and Suicide Attempts in Adolescents and Young Adults with Major Depressive Disorder: A Retrospective Study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2022; 18:1469-1477. [PMID: 35899094 PMCID: PMC9310655 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s368471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Uric acid (UA) is thought to exert neuroprotective roles. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of serum UA with suicide attempts (SA) in adolescents and young adults with major depressive disorder (MDD). PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively recruited 533 participants with MDD aged 13 to 25 years, of which 168 had a history of SA in the past three months and 365 did not have a history of SA. Serum UA levels were measured using the uricase-peroxidase coupling method. In addition to overall serum UA level comparison in MDD individuals with and without SA, a stratified analysis by biological sex was carried out. RESULTS Compared to MDD individuals without a history of SA, serum UA levels were significantly lower in MDD individuals with SA (P < 0.001). Female MDD, but not male MDD individuals, with SA exhibited lower levels of UA than those without SA (P < 0.01). Importantly, serum UA remained significantly associated with SA in MDD individuals (OR = 0.996, 95% CI: 0.993~0.999, P < 0.01) when controlling for possible confounding variables. CONCLUSION This research identifies a relationship between serum UA levels and SA in adolescents and young adults with MDD. UA may represent a biological risk marker for SA, in particular for female MDD individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Liu
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wo Wang
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yalan Li
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitang Qiu
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaomao Wang
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Daqi Li
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaorong Chen
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Lv
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Zhou
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyang Wan
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Ai
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianmei Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuyi Ran
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Kuang
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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24
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Fatima T, Jacobsson LT, Kern S, Zettergren A, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Johansson L, Dehlin M, Skoog I. Association between serum urate and CSF markers of Alzheimer's disease pathology in a population-based sample of 70-year-olds. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 13:e12241. [PMID: 34934798 PMCID: PMC8652407 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The relationship between urate and biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology has not been investigated. METHODS We examined whether serum concentration of urate was associated with cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, amyloid beta (Aβ)42, Aβ40, phosphorylated tau (p-tau), total tau (t-tau), neurofilament light (NfL), and Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, in cognitively unimpaired 70-year-old individuals from Gothenburg, Sweden. We also evaluated whether possible associations were modulated by the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele. RESULTS Serum urate was positively associated with Aβ42 in males (β = 0.55 pg/mL, P = .04). There was a positive urate-APOE ε4 interaction (1.24 pg/mL, P interaction = .02) in relation to Aβ42 association. The positive urate and Aβ42 association strengthened in male APOE ε4 carriers (β = 1.28 pg/mL, P = .01). DISCUSSION The positive association between urate and Aβ42 in cognitively healthy men may suggest a protective effect of urate against deposition of amyloid protein in the brain parenchyma, and in the longer term, maybe against AD dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahzeeb Fatima
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Department of Clinical SciencesLundSection of RheumatologyLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Lennart T.H. Jacobsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Silke Kern
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry at Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Anna Zettergren
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry at Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry at Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry LaboratorySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry at Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry LaboratorySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUK
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
| | - Lena Johansson
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry at Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Mats Dehlin
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation ResearchSahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Ingmar Skoog
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry at Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologySahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
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25
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Richard EL, McEvoy LK, Cao SY, Oren E, Alcaraz JE, LaCroix AZ, Salem RM. Biomarkers of kidney function and cognitive ability: A Mendelian randomization study. J Neurol Sci 2021; 430:118071. [PMID: 34534883 PMCID: PMC8635776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2021.118071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), albuminuria and serum uric acid (SUA) are markers of kidney function that have been associated with cognitive ability. However, whether these associations are causal is unclear. METHODS We performed one-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to estimate the effects of kidney function markers on cognitive performance using data from the UK Biobank. Polygenic scores for SUA, urine albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR), estimated glomerular filtration rate based on serum creatinine (eGFRcre) and serum cystatin C (eGFRcys) were used as instrumental variables, and cognitive function outcomes included tests of verbal-numeric reasoning, reaction time, visual memory, and numeric memory. RESULTS We found no evidence of a causal effect of genetically determined SUA, eGFRcre or eGFRcys on cognitive function outcomes. There was no association between a polygenic score for ACR and verbal-numeric reasoning or numeric memory. However, there was suggestive evidence of a relationship between genetically increased ACR and slower reaction time and worse visual memory. ACR was no longer significantly associated with visual memory in analyses using an unweighted polygenic score and in analyses stratified by sex and age category. Pleiotropy adjusted estimates were directionally consistent with those of the principal analysis but overlapped with the null. CONCLUSIONS This MR study does not support causal effects of SUA, eGFRcre or eGFRcys on cognitive performance. Genetically increased ACR was associated with slower processing speed and visual memory, but results need confirmation in independent samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Richard
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, USA; Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Linda K McEvoy
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Steven Y Cao
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Eyal Oren
- Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - John E Alcaraz
- Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Z LaCroix
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rany M Salem
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, USA
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26
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How Are Adenosine and Adenosine A 2A Receptors Involved in the Pathophysiology of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis? Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9081027. [PMID: 34440231 PMCID: PMC8392384 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine is extensively distributed in the central and peripheral nervous systems, where it plays a key role as a neuromodulator. It has long been implicated in the pathogenesis of progressive neurogenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, and there is now growing interest in its role in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The motor neurons affected in ALS are responsive to adenosine receptor function, and there is accumulating evidence for beneficial effects of adenosine A2A receptor antagonism. In this article, we focus on recent evidence from ALS clinical pathology and animal models that support dynamism of the adenosinergic system (including changes in adenosine levels and receptor changes) in ALS. We review the possible mechanisms of chronic neurodegeneration via the adenosinergic system, potential biomarkers and the acute symptomatic pharmacology, including respiratory motor neuron control, of A2A receptor antagonism to explore the potential of the A2A receptor as target for ALS therapy.
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27
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Association between higher serum uric acid levels within the normal physiological range and changes of lumbar spine bone mineral density in healthy Chinese postmenopausal women: a longitudinal follow-up study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 28:1157-1165. [PMID: 34342286 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000001821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate whether higher serum uric acid (SUA) levels within the physiological range were associated with changes in lumbar spine bone mineral density (LBMD) in postmenopausal women without existing lumbar spine osteoporosis after a longitudinal follow-up of 3.09 years, and to further confirm the relationship between SUA and bone mineral density (BMD) in other sites such as femoral neck, total hip, and trochanter at follow-up. METHODS A longitudinal study of 175 healthy postmenopausal women without osteoporosis was conducted in Shenyang, China. BMD of the lumbar spine, femoral neck, total hip, and trochanter were measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at each visit. Pearson's correlation analysis and regression analyses were performed to determine any associations. RESULTS There were positive correlations between baseline SUA and BMD of the lumbar spine (P = 0.03), total hip (P = 0.04), and trochanter (P = 0.04). Moreover, higher baseline SUA levels were independently associated with LBMD decline and the odds ratio of the baseline SUA of the third quartile group was 0.12 (95% confidence interval, 0.02-0.70, P < 0.05), with P = 0.23 for the trend in baseline SUA when compared with participants in the lowest, first quartile group after adjustment for many potential confounding variables. CONCLUSIONS Higher SUA levels within the normal physiological range were independently associated with decreased LBMD, and SUA levels were positively related to the BMD of the lumbar spine, total hip, and trochanter in healthy Chinese postmenopausal women.
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28
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Sun HL, Wu YW, Bian HG, Yang H, Wang H, Meng XM, Jin J. Function of Uric Acid Transporters and Their Inhibitors in Hyperuricaemia. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:667753. [PMID: 34335246 PMCID: PMC8317579 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.667753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Disorders of uric acid metabolism may be associated with pathological processes in many diseases, including diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and kidney disease. These diseases can further promote uric acid accumulation in the body, leading to a vicious cycle. Preliminary studies have proven many mechanisms such as oxidative stress, lipid metabolism disorders, and rennin angiotensin axis involving in the progression of hyperuricaemia-related diseases. However, there is still lack of effective clinical treatment for hyperuricaemia. According to previous research results, NPT1, NPT4, OAT1, OAT2, OAT3, OAT4, URAT1, GLUT9, ABCG2, PDZK1, these urate transports are closely related to serum uric acid level. Targeting at urate transporters and urate-lowering drugs can enhance our understanding of hyperuricaemia and hyperuricaemia-related diseases. This review may put forward essential references or cross references to be contributed to further elucidate traditional and novel urate-lowering drugs benefits as well as provides theoretical support for the scientific research on hyperuricemia and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Lu Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yi-Wan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - He-Ge Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Juan Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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29
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Lee YG, Park M, Jeong SH, Kang SW, Baik K, Jung JH, Lee PH, Sohn YH, Ye BS. Effects of baseline serum uric acid and apolipoprotein E4 on longitudinal cognition and cerebral metabolism. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 106:223-231. [PMID: 34311431 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Serum uric acid, a natural antioxidant, may have a protective effect on the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). To investigate the effect of serum uric acid on longitudinal cognitive and brain metabolic changes, we utilized data on baseline serum uric acid levels, APOE genotyping, and longitudinal cognitive scores from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative for 1,343 participants with normal cognition (NC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or dementia. In 979 participants, brain metabolism was measured using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) images. Higher serum uric acid levels exhibited a detrimental effect on NC, whereas a protective trend was observed in individuals with cognitive impairment. Interestingly, higher uric acid levels were associated with a slower decline in cognitive scores and brain metabolism in females with MCI, and this effect was found in APOE4 carriers, but not in non-carriers. Longitudinal AD-like patterns of brain metabolism on FDG-PET images also appeared to mediate the effects of baseline uric acid levels on longitudinal cognitive decline. In summary, higher serum uric acid may interact with APOE4 to alleviate longitudinal metabolic changes and cognitive decline in female MCI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Gun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mincheol Park
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Ho Jeong
- Department of Neurology, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Woo Kang
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungwon Baik
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Jung
- Department of Neurology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Phil Hyu Lee
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Sohn
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Seok Ye
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Hu F, Guo Y, Lin J, Zeng Y, Wang J, Li M, Cong L. Association of serum uric acid levels with COVID-19 severity. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:97. [PMID: 33964922 PMCID: PMC8106517 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00745-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Hyperuricemia has attracted increasing attention. However, limited concern has been paid to the potential dangers of lowering serum uric acid (SUA). We observed lower levels of SUA in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, we aim to explore whether patients with COVID-19 had SUA lower than normal and the relationship of SUA and the severity of COVID-19. METHODS This was a case-control study based on 91 cases with COVID-19 and 273 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. We first compared SUA levels and uric acid/creatinine (UA/Cr) ratio between patients with COVID-19 and the healthy controls. Then, we examined the association of SUA levels and UA/Cr ratios with COVID-19 severity in COVID-19 cases only, defined according to the fifth edition of China's Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines of COVID-19. RESULTS SUA levels in patients with COVID-19 were 2.59% lower, UA/Cr ratios 6.06% lower at admission compared with healthy controls. In sex stratified analysis, levels of SUA and UA/Cr were lower in male patients with COVID-19 while only level of SUA was lower in female patients with COVID-19. Moreover, SUA and UA/Cr values were 4.27 and 8.23% lower in the severe group than that in the moderate group among male COVID-19 patients. Bivariate and partial correlations analysis showed negative correlations between SUA or UA/Cr ratio and COVID-19 after adjusting for age, sex, BMI and eGFR. A multiple linear regression analysis showed that SARS-CoV-2 infection and male sex were independent risk factors associated with lower SUA levels. Male patients with COVID-19 accompanied by low SUA levels had higher risk of developing severe symptoms than those with high SUA levels (incidence rate ratio: 4.05; 95% CI:1.11, 14.72) at admission. Comparing SUA and UA/Cr ratio at three time points (admission, discharge, and follow-up), we found that male patients experienced severe symptoms had lower SUA and UA/Cr ratio levels comparing to moderate patients, but no significant difference between three time points. On the contrary, female patients had lower SUA and UA/Cr ratio at discharge than those at admission, but no significant difference of SUA and UA/Cr ratio between moderate and severe group. CONCLUSION Patients with COVID-19 had SUA and UA/Cr values lower than normal at admission. Male COVID-19 patients with low SUA levels had a significantly higher crude risk of developing severe symptoms than those with high SUA levels. During disease aggravation, the level of SUA gradually decreased until discharge. At the follow-up exam, the level of SUA was similar to the levels at admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yifan Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianghong Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingjuan Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Health Management Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Man Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
- Center for Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
| | - Li Cong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
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Li LL, Ma YH, Bi YL, Sun FR, Hu H, Hou XH, Xu W, Shen XN, Dong Q, Tan L, Yang JL, Yu JT. Serum Uric Acid May Aggravate Alzheimer's Disease Risk by Affecting Amyloidosis in Cognitively Intact Older Adults: The CABLE Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 81:389-401. [PMID: 33814427 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum uric acid (SUA) affects the reaction of oxidative stress and free radicals in the neurodegenerative processes. However, whether SUA impacts Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore whether high SUA levels can aggravate the neurobiological changes of AD in preclinical AD. METHODS We analyzed cognitively intact participants (n = 839, age 62.16 years) who received SUA and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers (amyloid-β [Aβ], total tau [t-Tau], and phosphorylated tau [p-Tau]) measurements from the Chinese Alzheimer's Biomarker and LifestylE (CABLE) database using multivariable-adjusted linear models. RESULTS Levels of SUA in the preclinical AD elevated compared with the healthy controls (p = 0.007) and subjects with amyloid pathology had higher concentration of SUA than controls (p = 0.017). Roughly, equivalent levels of SUA displayed among cognitively intact individuals with or without tau pathology and neurodegeneration. CSF Aβ1 - 42 (p = 0.019) and Aβ1 - 42/Aβ1 - 40 (p = 0.027) were decreased and CSF p-Tau/Aβ1 - 42 (p = 0.009) and t-Tau/Aβ1 - 42 (p = 0.043) were increased with the highest (> 75th percentile) SUA when compared to lowest SUA, implying a high burden of cerebral amyloidosis in individuals with high SUA. Sensitivity analyses using the usual threshold to define hyperuricemia and precluding drug effects yielded robust associations. Nevertheless, the quadratic model did not show any U-shaped relationships between them. CONCLUSION SUA may aggravate brain amyloid deposition in preclinical AD, which corroborated the detrimental role of SUA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lin Li
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ya-Hui Ma
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan-Lin Bi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fu-Rong Sun
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-He Hou
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xue-Ning Shen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiu-Long Yang
- Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Detrimental effects of long-term elevated serum uric acid on cognitive function in rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6732. [PMID: 33762656 PMCID: PMC7991666 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86279-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Uric acid is a powerful antioxidant. However, its elevated levels in association with cardiovascular diseases predispose individuals to cognitive impairment. Uric acid's effects on cognition may be related to its concentration and exposure period. We aimed to explore the effects of long-term elevated serum uric acid on cognitive function and hippocampus. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: NC, M1, M2 and M3 groups. Hyperuricemia was established in rats at week 6 and maintained until week 48 in groups M1, M2 and M3. The rats' spatial learning and memory abilities were assessed by the Morris Water Maze test at weeks 0, 6, 16, 32, and 48. After week 48, we observed pathological changes in right hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions, and measured levels of oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, and β-amyloid peptide of left hippocampus. Starting from week 6, the serum uric acid level of M3 group > M2 group, the serum uric acid level of M2 group > M1 group, and the serum uric acid level of M1 group > NC group. The rats in M3 and M2 groups had longer escape latencies, longer mean distances to the platform, more extensive pathological damage, stronger inflammation response, higher oxidative stress and β-amyloid peptide levels than those in NC group. No significant differences were observed between M1 and NC groups. In addition, we also found that oxidative stress significantly correlated with tumour necrosis factor-α and β-amyloid peptide. Long-term elevated serum uric acid was significantly associated with cognitive impairment risk. Oxidative stress, tumour necrosis factor-α and β-amyloid peptide may mediate the pathogenesis of the cognitive impairment induced by uric acid. The detrimental effect of elevated serum uric acid on cognitive function was probably expressed when the serum uric acid concentration reached a certain level.
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Mikhailichenko N, Wang YH, Wei JCC, Lai TJ. Association between Anti-inflammatory Drug and Dementia in Patients with Gout: A Nationwide, Population-Based Nested Case-Control Study. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:2042-2050. [PMID: 33850475 PMCID: PMC8040399 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.55496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The interaction between hyperuricemia and the cognitive system is still under debate, with studies presenting somewhat conflicting results. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the risk of dementia in patients with gout who are administered anti-inflammatory drug treatment. Methods: Gouty arthritis patients aged 50 years and older, who received at least one of the background therapy drugs (colchicine, corticosteroids, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for 6 months), were divided into the following groups and compared: patients who had dementia over a period of 5 years (n = 2,292) and matched patients without dementia (n = 2,292). Results: We found that the most significant risk factors for dementia were stroke (OR, 2.66; 95% C.I., 2.33-3.03; AOR, 2.39; 95% C.I., 2.08-2.75) and depression (OR, 3.72; 95% C.I., 3.01-4.6; AOR, 3.25; 95% C.I., 2.60-4.05). The results of anti-gout drug administration, which impacted the dementia risk among patients of all ages (but especially in 50-64-year-old patients), demonstrated a higher risk ratio after 90 days of corticosteroid use (OR, 3.39; 95% C.I., 1.15-9.99), which was further increased after 180 days (OR, 3.61; 95% C.I., 1.31-9.94). We revealed that female patients experienced a significant increase in dementia risk after 90 days of corticosteroid administration, whereas male patients experienced a significant increase only after 180 days (OR, 1.52; 95% C.I., 1.06-2.17). Conclusion: We had identified that > 90-day corticosteroid administration is a significant dementia risk factor in both female and male patients of all ages, especially in the 50-60-year-old group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Mikhailichenko
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- NEVRON International Medical Center, Vladivostok, 690078, Russia;
| | - Yu-Hsun Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - James Cheng-Chung Wei
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Te-Jen Lai
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Boccardi V, Carino S, Marinelli E, Lapenna M, Caironi G, Bianco AR, Cecchetti R, Ruggiero C, Mecocci P. Uric acid and late-onset Alzheimer's disease: results from the ReGAl 2.0 project. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:361-366. [PMID: 32277437 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-020-01541-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been suggested that oxidative stress may have a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Serum uric acid (UA) could exert neuroprotective effects via its antioxidant capacities. Many studies investigated serum UA levels in subjects with AD, but to date, results are conflicting and evidence in old age subjects is weak. AIMS In this study, we assess whether serum UA levels would be altered in the AD old age subjects compared to those of initial cognitive impairment and healthy controls. METHODS This is a retrospective study with data gathered from the ReGAl 2.0 project (Rete Geriatrica Alzheimer-Geriatric Network on Alzheimer's disease), a large Italian multicentric clinical-based study. A cohort of 232 subjects, including 65 (healthy controls HC), 95 mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 72 AD, were included in the study. Serum UA was measured in all subjects by routine laboratory method. RESULTS The sample population includes 232 subjects, mostly women with a mean age of 79.16 ± 5.64 (range 66-93) years. No significant difference was found in gender distribution between groups. No significant correlation was found in all populations between age and uric acid levels. AD group had significantly lower UA levels as compared with HC. The association of uric acid with AD presence after adjusting for age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and creatinine levels showed that uric acid level was independently associated with the diagnosis of AD. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that serum UA is reduced in AD, supporting that UA may have a potential protective role against AD in old age.
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Richard EL, McEvoy LK, Oren E, Alcaraz JE, Laughlin GA, LaCroix AZ, Salem RM. Markers of Kidney Function and Longitudinal Cognitive Ability Among Older Community-Dwelling Adults: The Rancho Bernardo Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 83:319-331. [PMID: 34334390 PMCID: PMC8555353 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced kidney function has been associated with cognitive decline. Most studies have examined a single marker of kidney function and have limited duration of follow-up. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated associations between markers of kidney function (urine albumin, estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR], and hyperuricemia) with cognitive performance over time. METHODS This is a longitudinal study of 1,634 community-dwelling adults (mean age = 71.7 years), with kidney function markers and cognitive ability measured at baseline (1992-1996) and at up to five additional time points with a maximum of 23.4 years (mean = 8.1 years) of follow-up. Associations between kidney function and cognitive performance were assessed using linear mixed effects models. Testing for interaction by sex was conducted. RESULTS Albuminuria (urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio [ACR]≥30 mg/g) was associated with steeper annual declines in global cognitive function (MMSE, β= -0.12, p = 0.003), executive function (Trails B, β= 4.50, p < 0.0001) and episodic memory (Buschke total recall, β= -0.62, p = 0.02) scores in men. Results were similar when cognitive test scores were regressed on latent trajectory classes of ACR. In men, hyperuricemia (serum uric acid [SUA]≥6.8 mg/dl for men and SUA≥6.0 mg/dl for women) was associated with lower baseline MMSE (β= -0.70, p = 0.009) scores but not with MMSE change over time. No such associations were detected in women. There were no significant associations between eGFR and cognitive performance for either sex. CONCLUSION In older men, albuminuria is an independent predictor of subsequent cognitive decline. More investigations are needed to explain the observed sex differences and the potential relationship between hyperuricemia and poorer global cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Richard
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Linda K McEvoy
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Eyal Oren
- Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - John E Alcaraz
- Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Gail A Laughlin
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Z LaCroix
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rany M Salem
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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36
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Elevated salivary uric acid levels among adolescents with eating disorders. Eat Weight Disord 2020; 25:1821-1825. [PMID: 31667778 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-019-00799-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Uric acid (UA) is increasingly recognized as having important physiological roles and associated with several peripheral and central pathophysiological outcomes, and might play a role in eating disorders (ED) pathogenesis. We investigated whether UA levels are altered among adolescents with ED. METHODS Morning salivary UA concentrations were compared between adolescents referred to treatment at the Herman Dana Center receiving a DSM-V diagnosis of an ED and matched healthy controls. RESULTS Salivary UA was significantly elevated among ED compared with control values (ED mean 3.9 ± 1.2 mg/dl, control mean 2.9 ± 1.9 mg/dl, t = - 3.13 df = 81, p = 0.003). DISCUSSION Salivary UA is elevated among adolescents with ED. Further studies are required to replicate and extend this finding and evaluate its generalizability as a state or trait marker as regards ED subtypes, other body fluids (plasma and cerebrospinal fluid), and recovery or premorbid stages, as well as its putative mechanistic relevance to ED. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, case-control analytic study.
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37
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DİLEKÇİ E, ADEMOĞLU DİLEKÇİ EN. Evaluation of the relationship between uric acid and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a single center retrospective study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.32322/jhsm.776446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Anstey KJ, Ee N, Eramudugolla R, Jagger C, Peters R. A Systematic Review of Meta-Analyses that Evaluate Risk Factors for Dementia to Evaluate the Quantity, Quality, and Global Representativeness of Evidence. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 70:S165-S186. [PMID: 31306123 PMCID: PMC6700718 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: The translation of evidence on dementia risk factors into clinical advice requires careful evaluation of the methodology and scope of data from which risk estimates are obtained. Objective: To evaluate the quantity, quality, and representativeness of evidence, we conducted a review of reviews of risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Vascular dementia (VaD), and Any Dementia. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane library, and the Global Index Medicus were searched to identify meta-analyses of observational studies of risk factors for AD, VaD, and Any Dementia. PROSPERO CRD42017053920. Results: Meta-analysis data were available for 34 risk factors for AD, 26 risk factors for Any Dementia and eight for VaD. Quality of evidence varied greatly in terms of the number of contributing studies, whether data on midlife exposure was available, and consistency of measures. The most evidence was available for cardiovascular risk factors. The most geographically representative evidence (five of six global regions) was available for alcohol, physical activity, diabetes, high midlife BMI, antihypertensives, and motor function. Evidence from Australia/Oceana or Africa was limited. With the exception of diabetes, meta-analysis data were unavailable from Latin America/Caribbean. Midlife specific data were only available for cholesterol and arthritis. Conclusion: There is a lack of midlife specific data, limited data on VaD, and a lack of geographical representation for many risk factors for dementia. The quality, quantity, and representativeness of evidence needs to be considered before recommendations are made about the relevance of risk factors in mid- or late-life or for dementia subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaarin J Anstey
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole Ee
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Carol Jagger
- Newcastle Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Ruth Peters
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Iki M, Yura A, Fujita Y, Kouda K, Tachiki T, Tamaki J, Sato Y, Moon JS, Hamada M, Kajita E, Okamoto N, Kurumatani N. Relationships between serum uric acid concentrations, uric acid lowering medications, and vertebral fracture in community-dwelling elderly Japanese men: Fujiwara-kyo Osteoporosis Risk in Men (FORMEN) Cohort Study. Bone 2020; 139:115519. [PMID: 32622874 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The association between serum concentrations of uric acid (UA), a potent endogenous antioxidant, and fracture risk has not yet been examined for morphometric vertebral fracture (VF). This study aimed to determine whether serum UA concentrations are associated with risks of clinical osteoporotic fracture (OPF) and morphometric VF after adjusting for confounding factors including UA-lowering medications (ULMs). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 2012 Japanese men aged ≥65 years completed the baseline study, which included serum UA measurement and X-ray absorptiometry-based VF assessment. We conducted a follow-up study five years later to identify incident OPFs and VFs. OPF was identified through interviews. Incident VF was defined as a vertebra which showed reduction in any of its anterior, central, or posterior heights by ≥20% during follow-up, and satisfied grade one or higher fracture criteria in Genant's method on follow-up images. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the hip and spine was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and follow-up. RESULTS We identified 45 clinical OPFs from 2000 men and 39 VFs from 1530 men during a mean follow-up period of 4.3 years. Hip BMD was significantly higher in higher UA concentration groups after adjusting for age and body mass index. A significantly decreased multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR) of incident VF was observed for the highest quartile groups of serum UA concentrations compared with the lowest quartile group (OR: 0.17, 95% confidence interval: 0.05-0.62). This OR remained significant after further adjusting for ULM use. ULM users in the lowest quartile group of serum UA concentrations had a significantly higher incidence rate of VF compared to the other quartile groups. CONCLUSIONS Higher serum UA concentrations were associated with a lower risk of morphometric VF independently of ULM in Japanese elderly men. Excessive reduction of serum UA concentrations by ULM might increase VF risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Iki
- Department of Public Health, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Oono-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan.
| | - Akiko Yura
- Department of Public Health, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Oono-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Yuki Fujita
- Department of Public Health, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Oono-higashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
| | - Katsuyasu Kouda
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tachiki
- Chukyo Gakuin University Faculty of Nursing, 2216 Tokicho, Mizunami, Gifu 509-6192, Japan
| | - Junko Tamaki
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Yuho Sato
- Department of Human Life, Jin-ai University, 3-1-1 Ohdecho, Echizen, Fukui 915-8586, Japan
| | - Jong-Seong Moon
- Department of Nursing, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umami-naka, Koryo-cho, Nara 635-0832, Japan
| | - Masami Hamada
- Chukyo Gakuin University Faculty of Nursing, 2216 Tokicho, Mizunami, Gifu 509-6192, Japan
| | - Etsuko Kajita
- Chukyo Gakuin University Faculty of Nursing, 2216 Tokicho, Mizunami, Gifu 509-6192, Japan
| | - Nozomi Okamoto
- Graduate School of Education, Hyogo University of Teacher Education, 942-1 Shimokume, Kato-City, Hyogo 673-1494, Japan
| | - Norio Kurumatani
- Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijocho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
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Uric acid levels in subjects with schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 2020; 292:113305. [PMID: 32702552 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The association between schizophrenia (SZ) and uric acid (UA) levels has been suggested for many years, but without solid evidence. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of all case-control studies examining the serum and plasma UA levels in SZ subjects in comparison to those in healthy controls. Relevant studies published before October 29, 2018, were searched in the main electronic databases, and 17 studies were finally included into the meta-analysis after screening with the criteria. Our results revealed that there were no statistically significant differences of the UA levels between SZ subjects and healthy controls. Further subgroup analyses of the antipsychotic status reported the same finding. Subgroup analyses of clinical status showed that UA levels were decreased in subjects with first episode psychosis (FEP). The subgroup analyses of gender and ethnicity demonstrated that UA levels were decreased in male subjects and in Americans with SZ. Overall, these findings strengthen the clinical evidence that FEP is accompanied by increased oxidative stress response. Reduced UA levels may be a potential risk factor for SZ in male and in the Americans. However, whether there is a causal relationship between the reduced UA levels and the development of SZ deserves further investigation.
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Chen YY, Wang MC, Wang YN, Hu HH, Liu QQ, Liu HJ, Zhao YY. Redox signaling and Alzheimer's disease: from pathomechanism insights to biomarker discovery and therapy strategy. Biomark Res 2020; 8:42. [PMID: 32944245 PMCID: PMC7488504 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-020-00218-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Aging and average life expectancy have been increasing at a rapid rate, while there is an exponential risk to suffer from brain-related frailties and neurodegenerative diseases as the population ages. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide with a projected expectation to blossom into the major challenge in elders and the cases are forecasted to increase about 3-fold in the next 40 years. Considering the etiological factors of AD are too complex to be completely understood, there is almost no effective cure to date, suggesting deeper pathomechanism insights are urgently needed. Metabolites are able to reflect the dynamic processes that are in progress or have happened, and metabolomic may therefore provide a more cost-effective and productive route to disease intervention, especially in the arena for pathomechanism exploration and new biomarker identification. In this review, we primarily focused on how redox signaling was involved in AD-related pathologies and the association between redox signaling and altered metabolic pathways. Moreover, we also expatiated the main redox signaling-associated mechanisms and their cross-talk that may be amenable to mechanism-based therapies. Five natural products with promising efficacy on AD inhibition and the benefit of AD intervention on its complications were highlighted as well. Graphical Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Chen
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069 Shaanxi China
| | - Min-Chang Wang
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Institute, Xi'an, 710065 Shaanxi China
| | - Yan-Ni Wang
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069 Shaanxi China
| | - He-He Hu
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069 Shaanxi China
| | - Qing-Quan Liu
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010 China
| | - Hai-Jing Liu
- Shaanxi Institute for Food and Drug Control, Xi'an, 710065 Shaanxi China
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069 Shaanxi China
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Niu W, Yang H, Lu C. The relationship between serum uric acid and cognitive function in patients with chronic heart failure. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020; 20:381. [PMID: 32819289 PMCID: PMC7441639 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01666-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence has shown that serum uric acid (UA) is associated with cognitive function, but this finding remains debatable. Serum UA is commonly elevated in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), especially in men. However, the relationship between serum UA and cognitive function in CHF populations and stratified by sex are unclear. We aimed to examine whether serum UA was independently associated with cognitive function in CHF populations after controlling for demographic, medical and psychological variables and whether there was a sex difference in the association between serum UA and cognitive function among male and female CHF patients. METHODS One hundred ninety-two hospitalized patients with CHF underwent an assessment of cognitive function using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the determination of serum UA. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum UA ≥7 mg/dl in men and ≥ 6 mg/dl in women. Multiple linear hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine the independent association between serum UA and cognitive function in CHF populations and stratified by sex. RESULTS The mean serum UA concentration of participants was 7.3 ± 2.6 mg/dL. The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 54.7% (105 of 192) in CHF patients, 52.9% (64 of 121) in men, and 57.7% (41 of 71) in women. In the total sample, higher serum UA was associated with poorer cognitive function independent of demographic, medical and psychological variables (β = - 0.130, ΔR2 = 0.014, p = 0.015). In sex-stratified groups, elevated serum UA was independently associated with worse cognitive function in men (β = - 0.247, ΔR2 = 0.049, p = 0.001) but not in women (β = - 0.005, ΔR2 = 0.000, p = 0.955). CONCLUSIONS Higher serum UA is independently associated with poorer cognitive function in CHF populations after adjusting for confounding variables. Furthermore, elevated serum UA is independently related to worse performance on cognitive function in men but not in women. More longitudinal studies are needed to examine the association between serum UA and cognitive function in CHF populations and stratified by sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Niu
- First Center Clinic College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin First Central Hospital, No 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192, China.,Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, No 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Huifeng Yang
- School of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No 10 Panyang Road, West District, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Chengzhi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, No 24 Fukang Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300192, China.
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van Wamelen DJ, Taddei RN, Calvano A, Titova N, Leta V, Shtuchniy I, Jenner P, Martinez-Martin P, Katunina E, Chaudhuri KR. Serum Uric Acid Levels and Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson’s Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2020; 10:1003-1010. [DOI: 10.3233/jpd-201988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. van Wamelen
- King’s College London, Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom
- Parkinson Foundation Centre of Excellence, King’s College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Neurology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Raquel N. Taddei
- King’s College London, Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom
- Parkinson Foundation Centre of Excellence, King’s College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Calvano
- King’s College London, Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom
- Parkinson Foundation Centre of Excellence, King’s College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nataliya Titova
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University» of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Budgetary Institution «Federal center of brain and neurotechnologies» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentina Leta
- King’s College London, Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom
- Parkinson Foundation Centre of Excellence, King’s College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom
| | - Igor Shtuchniy
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University» of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Peter Jenner
- King’s College London, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Hodgkin Building, Guy’s Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pablo Martinez-Martin
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Katunina
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University» of the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Budgetary Institution «Federal center of brain and neurotechnologies» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Moscow, Russia
| | - K. Ray Chaudhuri
- King’s College London, Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom
- Parkinson Foundation Centre of Excellence, King’s College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom
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Kim JW, Byun MS, Yi D, Lee JH, Jeon SY, Ko K, Jung G, Lee HN, Lee JY, Sohn CH, Lee YS, Shin SA, Kim YK, Lee DY. Serum Uric Acid, Alzheimer-Related Brain Changes, and Cognitive Impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:160. [PMID: 32581770 PMCID: PMC7291838 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite known associations of lower serum uric acid (UA) with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia or AD-related cognitive impairment, little is known regarding the underlying patho-mechanisms. We aimed to examine the relationships of serum UA with in vivo AD pathologies including cerebral beta-amyloid (Aβ) and tau deposition, AD-signature region cerebral glucose metabolism (AD-CM), and white matter hyperintensities (WMH). We also investigated the association between serum UA and cognitive performance, and then assessed whether such an association is mediated by the brain pathologies. Methods A total of 430 non-demented older adults underwent comprehensive clinical assessments, measurement of serum UA level, and multimodal brain imaging, including Pittsburgh compound B-positron emission tomography (PET), AV-1451 PET, fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET, and magnetic resonance imaging scans. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and word list recall (WLR) test scores were used to measure cognitive performance. Results Serum UA level was significantly associated with AD-CM, but not with Aβ deposition, tau deposition, or WMH volume. Serum UA levels also had significant association with WLR and marginal association with MMSE; such associations disappeared when AD-CM was controlled as a covariate, indicating that AD-CM has a mediating effect. Conclusion The findings of the present study indicate that there is an association of low serum UA with AD-related cerebral hypometabolism, and whether this represents a causal relationship remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Wook Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, South Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Min Soo Byun
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dahyun Yi
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - So Yeon Jeon
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Kang Ko
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gijung Jung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han Na Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Sohn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun-Sang Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong A Shin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yu Kyeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Sun J, Lv X, Gao X, Chen Z, Wei D, Ling Y, Zhang J, Gu Q, Liu J, Chen W, Liu S. The association between serum uric acid level and the risk of cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke. Neurosci Lett 2020; 734:135098. [PMID: 32485287 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a severe complication of stroke. Predicting PSCI is difficult because some risk factors for stroke, such as blood glucose level and blood pressure, are affected by many other elements. Although recent studies have shown that high serum uric acid (UA) levels are associated with cognitive dysfunction and may be a risk factor for PSCI, its impact remains unclear. Accordingly, the present study aimed to explore the association between serum UA level and PSCI. In total, 274 patients who experienced acute cerebral infarction, confirmed between January 2016 and December 2018, were enrolled. Baseline data and biological indicators were recorded. According to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores, patients were divided into two groups: PSCI and non-PSCI. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine possible risk factors for PSCI. Results demonstrated that serum UA levels were significantly higher in the PSCI group than in the non-PSCI group. Multivariable logistic analysis revealed that age, years of education, and UA level were independent risk factors for PSCI. PSCI patients were subdivided according to serum UA level: high and low. Hypertension history and homocysteine (Hcy) levels differed significantly between the high and low UA level groups. Further analysis revealed that a history of hypertension and Hcy demonstrated a certain correlation (r = 0.163, 0.162; P < 0.05), suggesting that serum UA level was an independent risk factor for PSCI. These findings indicate that serum UA level was correlated with PSCI in post-stroke patients and is anticipated to be used in clinical practice to reduce the incidence of PSCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Xinhuang Lv
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Xinxin Gao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Zewei Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Dianhui Wei
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Yi Ling
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Junmei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Qilu Gu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
| | - Weian Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Suzhi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, 150 Ximen Street, Linhai, Zhejiang, 317000, China.
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Carvalho AF, Solmi M, Sanches M, Machado MO, Stubbs B, Ajnakina O, Sherman C, Sun YR, Liu CS, Brunoni AR, Pigato G, Fernandes BS, Bortolato B, Husain MI, Dragioti E, Firth J, Cosco TD, Maes M, Berk M, Lanctôt KL, Vieta E, Pizzagalli DA, Smith L, Fusar-Poli P, Kurdyak PA, Fornaro M, Rehm J, Herrmann N. Evidence-based umbrella review of 162 peripheral biomarkers for major mental disorders. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:152. [PMID: 32424116 PMCID: PMC7235270 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-0835-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The literature on non-genetic peripheral biomarkers for major mental disorders is broad, with conflicting results. An umbrella review of meta-analyses of non-genetic peripheral biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder, and schizophrenia, including first-episode psychosis. We included meta-analyses that compared alterations in peripheral biomarkers between participants with mental disorders to controls (i.e., between-group meta-analyses) and that assessed biomarkers after treatment (i.e., within-group meta-analyses). Evidence for association was hierarchically graded using a priori defined criteria against several biases. The Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) instrument was used to investigate study quality. 1161 references were screened. 110 met inclusion criteria, relating to 359 meta-analytic estimates and 733,316 measurements, on 162 different biomarkers. Only two estimates met a priori defined criteria for convincing evidence (elevated awakening cortisol levels in euthymic BD participants relative to controls and decreased pyridoxal levels in participants with schizophrenia relative to controls). Of 42 estimates which met criteria for highly suggestive evidence only five biomarker aberrations occurred in more than one disorder. Only 15 meta-analyses had a power >0.8 to detect a small effect size, and most (81.9%) meta-analyses had high heterogeneity. Although some associations met criteria for either convincing or highly suggestive evidence, overall the vast literature of peripheral biomarkers for major mental disorders is affected by bias and is underpowered. No convincing evidence supported the existence of a trans-diagnostic biomarker. Adequately powered and methodologically sound future large collaborative studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- André F. Carvalho
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Centre for Addiction & Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Marco Solmi
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Neuroscience Department, University of Padova, Padova, Italy ,grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy ,grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Marcos Sanches
- grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Centre for Addiction & Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON Canada ,Krembil Centre for NeuroInformatics, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Myrela O. Machado
- grid.417199.30000 0004 0474 0188Division of Dermatology, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- grid.37640.360000 0000 9439 0839Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK ,grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Olesya Ajnakina
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Chelsea Sherman
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Yue Ran Sun
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Celina S. Liu
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Andre R. Brunoni
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation, Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27) and National Institute of Biomarkers in Psychiatry (INBioN), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil ,grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giorgio Pigato
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Neuroscience Department, University of Padova, Padova, Italy ,grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Brisa S. Fernandes
- grid.267308.80000 0000 9206 2401Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX USA
| | | | - Muhammad I. Husain
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Centre for Addiction & Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Elena Dragioti
- grid.5640.70000 0001 2162 9922Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Joseph Firth
- grid.1029.a0000 0000 9939 5719NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, Australia ,grid.5379.80000000121662407Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Theodore D. Cosco
- grid.61971.380000 0004 1936 7494Gerontology Research Center, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Oxford Institute of Population Ageing, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael Maes
- grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand ,grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079IMPACT Strategic Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079IMPACT Strategic Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia ,grid.488501.0Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XCentre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XFlorey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Krista L. Lanctôt
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Centre for Addiction & Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Eduard Vieta
- grid.418264.d0000 0004 1762 4012Psychiatry and Psychology Department of the Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
| | - Diego A. Pizzagalli
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Psychiatry & McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478 USA
| | - Lee Smith
- grid.5115.00000 0001 2299 5510The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paolo Fusar-Poli
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK ,OASIS Service, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK ,grid.8982.b0000 0004 1762 5736Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paul A. Kurdyak
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.418647.80000 0000 8849 1617Canada Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES), Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | - Michele Fornaro
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDepartment of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry, Section of Psychiatr, University School of Medicine Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Jürgen Rehm
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada ,grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH, Toronto, Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Addiction Policy, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy & Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Longitudinal Studies, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada ,grid.448878.f0000 0001 2288 8774Department of International Health Projects, Institute for Leadership and Health Management, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nathan Herrmann
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON Canada
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Berry T, Abohamza E, Moustafa AA. A disease-modifying treatment for Alzheimer's disease: focus on the trans-sulfuration pathway. Rev Neurosci 2020; 31:319-334. [PMID: 31751299 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2019-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
High homocysteine levels in Alzheimer's disease (AD) result from low activity of the trans-sulfuration pathway. Glutathione levels are also low in AD. L-cysteine is required for the synthesis of glutathione. The synthesis of coenzyme A (CoA) requires L-cysteine, which is synthesized via the trans-sulfuration pathway. CoA is required for the synthesis of acetylcholine and appropriate cholinergic neurotransmission. L-cysteine is required for the synthesis of molybdenum-containing proteins. Sulfite oxidase (SUOX), which is a molybdenum-containing protein, could be dysregulated in AD. SUOX detoxifies the sulfites. Glutaminergic neurotransmission could be dysregulated in AD due to low levels of SUOX and high levels of sulfites. L-cysteine provides sulfur for iron-sulfur clusters. Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is heavily dependent on iron-sulfur proteins. The decrease in OXPHOS seen in AD could be due to dysregulations of the trans-sulfuration pathway. There is a decrease in aconitase 1 (ACO1) in AD. ACO1 is an iron-sulfur enzyme in the citric acid cycle that upon loss of an iron-sulfur cluster converts to iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1). With the dysregulation of iron-sulfur cluster formation ACO1 will convert to IRP1 which will decrease the 2-oxglutarate synthesis dysregulating the citric acid cycle and also dysregulating iron metabolism. Selenomethionine is also metabolized by the trans-sulfuration pathway. With the low activity of the trans-sulfuration pathway in AD selenoproteins will be dysregulated in AD. Dysregulation of selenoproteins could lead to oxidant stress in AD. In this article, we propose a novel treatment for AD that addresses dysregulations resulting from low activity of the trans-sulfuration pathway and low L-cysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Berry
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, 2 Bullecourt Ave, Milperra, 2214 Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eid Abohamza
- Department of Social Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed A Moustafa
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, 2 Bullecourt Ave, Milperra, 2214 Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Brucato A, Cianci F, Carnovale C. Management of hyperuricemia in asymptomatic patients: A critical appraisal. Eur J Intern Med 2020; 74:8-17. [PMID: 31952982 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
While there is consensus on starting urate-lowering therapy (ULT) in cases of symptomatic hyperuricemia, the frequent condition of asymptomatic hyperuricemia (AH) remains a challenge due to differences in the findings of studies that have addressed the issue. Uric acid has anti-oxidant properties, but high levels predispose to gout and may play a role in metabolic syndrome. We systematically evaluated randomized controlled trials (RCTs) addressing ULT in patients with AH, to assess the current evidence. We found broad heterogeneity among the studies (13 RCTs), in terms of study design and population, making findings challenging to interpret and generalize; hard end-points were not assessed. Allopurinol is often prescribed for AH despite the fact that its use is not backed by conclusive evidence from prospective RCTs, nor is it recommended by the guidelines. Its potential benefits, in terms of absolute risk reduction, must be weighed against its potential for harm since it can trigger severe adverse hypersensitivity reactions, sometimes even fatal. RCTs with hard end-points are needed to assess the risk/benefit of lowering uric acid in subjects with AH, particularly as secondary prevention for cardiovascular risk and in patients with different degrees of renal disease. To date, particularly after the result from the CARES trial, preventive treatment of asymptomatic and non-severe hyperuricemia is not recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Brucato
- Department of biomedical and clinical sciences, Università di Milano, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Carla Carnovale
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, "Luigi Sacco" University Hospital, Università di Milano, Via GB Grassi 74, Milan, 20157, Italy.
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Yao X, Chen L, Xu H, Zhu Z. The Association between Serum Uric Acid and Bone Mineral Density in Older Adults. Int J Endocrinol 2020; 2020:3082318. [PMID: 32676109 PMCID: PMC7341403 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3082318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Uric acid has been found to be potentially protective in bone metabolism. We investigated the relationship between serum uric acid (sUA) and lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) among 4156 participants aged 60 years and over from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS To estimate the association between sUA and lumbar BMD, multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. Fitted smoothing curves and generalized additive models were also performed. RESULTS We found sUA positively correlated with lumbar BMD after adjusting for other confounders. On subgroup analyses, stratified by sex and race/ethnicity, the positive correlation of sUA with lumbar BMD remained in both men and women, as well as in whites and Mexican Americans, but not in blacks. In blacks, the association of sUA with lumbar BMD was an inverted U-shaped curve (inflection point: 7.5 mg/dL). CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed a positive relationship between sUA and lumbar BMD among most old adults. This association followed an inverted U-shaped curve among blacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Yao
- Department of Osteoporosis Care and Control, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311200, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Immune and Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311200, China
| | - Huihui Xu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Zhongxin Zhu
- Department of Osteoporosis Care and Control, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311200, China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
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The Interaction Between Contactin and Amyloid Precursor Protein and Its Role in Alzheimer’s Disease. Neuroscience 2020; 424:184-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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