1
|
Yang J, Li YQ, Gong YL, Yan HL, Chen J, Liu LL, Wu J, Chu J. Benefit finding in individuals undergoing maintenance hemodialysis in Shanghai: a latent profile analysis. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1292175. [PMID: 38500646 PMCID: PMC10946449 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1292175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This multi-center cross-sectional study aimed to delineate latent profiles of benefit finding (BF) in individuals undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) in Shanghai and examine associations between these BF profiles, social support, and coping style. Methods A total of 384 individuals undergoing MHD (mean age = 57.90, SD = 13.36) were assessed using the Benefit Finding Scale, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, and Perceived Social Support Scale. Latent profile analysis (LPA) identified distinct BF categories. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) evaluated the correlation between BF groups and demographic variables, while the relationship between BF, social support, and coping style was tested through correlation and multiple regression analyses. Results LPA identified three BF groups: rich BF (54.17%), moderate BF (41.14%), and poor BF (4.69%). Regression analyses indicated that positive coping and social support are protective factors for BF. Additionally, older age and heightened understanding of MHD correlated with higher BF levels. Conclusion The findings highlighted the importance of recognizing different BF profiles in individuals on MHD and working toward promoting BF levels in the rich BF and moderate BF groups, while helping the poor BF group to identify and address their challenges. Medical professionals should consider interventions tailored to individual psychological profiles to improve mental health and quality of life outcomes in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- School of Nursing, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-qi Li
- School of Nursing, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-lin Gong
- School of Nursing, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-li Yan
- School of Health Services Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling-ling Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Nursing, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Chu
- School of Nursing, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Storholm ED, Siconolfi DE, Campbell CK, Pollack LM, Kegeles SM, Rebchook GM, Tebbetts S, Vincent W. Structural Inequities, Syndemics, and Resilience: The Critical Role of Social Support in Overcoming Barriers and Empowering Engagement in HIV Care for Young Black Sexual-Minority Men in the US South. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023:10.1007/s40615-023-01869-y. [PMID: 38095825 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01869-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Young Black sexual minority men (YBSMM) living in the US South are among those most disproportionately impacted by HIV in the USA. This health inequity is, in part, due to lower rates of sustained engagement in the HIV care continuum, resulting in a lower prevalence of viral suppression and higher overall community-level viral load. Social, structural, and economic inequities have previously been linked with poorer HIV care engagement among YBSMM. HIV-related social support, individual-level resilience, and healthcare empowerment have been shown to be independently associated with improved HIV care engagement. The current study sought to assess the relative contribution of individual, structural, and economic factors on engagement in HIV care and to elucidate the potentially mediating role of healthcare empowerment. Data from 224 YBSMM with HIV in the US South indicated that greater levels of socioeconomic distress, intimate partner violence, and depressive symptoms were associated with lower levels of engagement in HIV care, while greater levels of individual-level resilience and healthcare empowerment were associated with higher levels of HIV care engagement. Importantly, healthcare empowerment mediated the association between resilience and engagement in HIV care and the association between social support and engagement in HIV care. Findings emphasize the critical role that HIV-related social support plays in fostering resilience and overcoming syndemic factors to promote empowerment and engagement in HIV care for YBSMM in the USA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik D Storholm
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.
- RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
| | | | - Chadwick K Campbell
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health & Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lance M Pollack
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Division of Prevention Science, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Susan M Kegeles
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Division of Prevention Science, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Greg M Rebchook
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Division of Prevention Science, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Scott Tebbetts
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Division of Prevention Science, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wilson Vincent
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zuccarella-Hackl C, Jimenez-Gonzalo L, von Känel R, Princip M, Jellestad L, Langraf-Meister RE, Znoj H, Schmid JP, Barth J, Schnyder U, Ledermann K. Positive psychosocial factors and the development of symptoms of depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms following acute myocardial infarction. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1302699. [PMID: 38111867 PMCID: PMC10725949 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1302699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is a potentially fatal condition, leading to high psychological distress and possibly resulting in the development of depressive symptoms and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). The aim of this study was to investigate the association of clusters of positive psychosocial factors (resilience, task-oriented coping, positive affect and social support) with both MI-induced depressive symptoms and PTSS, independent of demographic factors. Methods We investigated 154 consecutive patients with MI, 3 and 12 months after hospital discharge. All patients completed the short version of the German Resilience Scale, the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS), the Enriched Social Support Inventory (ESSI) and the Global Mood Scale (GMS). The level of interviewer-rated MI-induced posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms at 3- and 12-months follow-up was evaluated through the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS). Depressive symptoms were assessed at 3- and 12-month follow-up with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Results Three different clusters were revealed: (1) lonely cluster: lowest social support, resilience and average task-oriented coping and positive affect; (2) low risk cluster: highest resilience, task-oriented coping, positive affect and social support; (3) avoidant cluster: lowest task-oriented coping, positive affect, average resilience and social support. The clusters differed in depressive symptoms at 3 months (F = 5.10; p < 0.01) and 12 months follow-up (F = 7.56; p < 0.01). Cluster differences in PTSS were significant at 3 months (F = 4.78, p < 0.05) and 12 months (F = 5.57, p < 0.01) follow-up. Differences in PTSS subscales were found for avoidance (F = 4.8, p < 0.05) and hyperarousal (F = 5.63, p < 0.05), but not re-experiencing, at 3 months follow-up. At 12 months follow-up, cluster differences were significant for re-experiencing (F = 6.44, p < 0.01) and avoidance (F = 4.02, p < 0.05) but not hyperarousal. Discussion The present study contributes to a better understanding of the relationships among different positive psychosocial factors, depressive symptoms and PTSS following acute MI. Future interventions may benefit from taking into account positive psychosocial factors to potentially reduce patients' depressive symptoms and PTSS after MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Zuccarella-Hackl
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Jimenez-Gonzalo
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University Rey Juan Carlos of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roland von Känel
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mary Princip
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lena Jellestad
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rebecca E. Langraf-Meister
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Clienia Schlössli AG, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hansjörg Znoj
- Department of Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Jürgen Barth
- Institute for Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Katharina Ledermann
- Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
John-Henderson NA, White EJ, Crowder TL. Resilience and health in American Indians and Alaska Natives: A scoping review of the literature. Dev Psychopathol 2023; 35:2241-2252. [PMID: 37345444 PMCID: PMC10739606 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423000640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
American Indians and Alaska Natives suffer from disproportionately high rates of chronic mental and physical health conditions. These health inequities are linked to colonization and its downstream consequences. Most of the American Indian and Alaska Native health inequities research uses a deficit framework, failing to acknowledge the resilience of American Indian and Alaska Native people despite challenging historical and current contexts. This scoping review is based on a conceptual model which acknowledges the context of colonization and its consequences (psychological and health risk factors). However, rather than focusing on health risk, we focus on protective factors across three identified domains (social, psychological, and cultural/spiritual), and summarize documented relationships between these resilience factors and health outcomes. Based on the scoping review of the literature, we note gaps in extant knowledge and recommend future directions. The findings summarized here can be used to inform and shape future interventions which aim to optimize health and well-being in American Indian and Alaska Native peoples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neha A John-Henderson
- Department of Psychology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
- Center for American Indian and Rural Health Equity, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Evan J White
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Tony L Crowder
- Center for American Indian and Rural Health Equity, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kruger S, Deacon E, van Rensburg E, Segal D. Identification of psychological constructs for a positive psychology intervention to assist with the adjustment to closed loop technology among adolescents living with type 1 diabetes. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1273586. [PMID: 37901094 PMCID: PMC10603242 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1273586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Adolescents have been identified as the group who struggle most with successful adjustment to closed loop technology. This study aims to identify the psychological constructs that should form part of a positive psychology intervention to assist with the adjustment to closed loop technology among adolescents living with type 1 diabetes. Method Qualitative document analysis was employed to integrate findings from two documents: a published ongoing intervention study and a recent phenomenological study by the authors. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to identify themes from the documents. Findings The following themes were identified as important psychological constructs that aid adjustment: the importance of knowledge and education; the process of positive adjustment to closed loop technology; a positive outlook; and building a relationship with diabetes. Conclusion Interventions are needed to assist adolescents in their adjustment to closed loop technology. The psychological constructs identified served as a starting point in designing an effective, evidence-based intervention grounded in data and theory. Knowledge and education, responsibility, identity, positive affect, gratitude, support, and trust are psychological constructs that need to be included in an intervention program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Kruger
- Department of Psychosocial Health, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Elmari Deacon
- Optentia Research Focus Area, North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - Esmé van Rensburg
- Department of Psychosocial Health, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - David Segal
- Optentia Research Focus Area, North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jung SY, Mun YM, Lee GM, Kim SW. The Effect of Multilevel Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Fatigue, Stress and Resilience. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6282. [PMID: 37834925 PMCID: PMC10573978 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of surgical treatment on fatigue, stress, and resilience in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). METHODS Sixty patients who underwent multilevel sleep surgery for OSA (OSA group) and 32 non-OSA participants (control group) were recruited at a university hospital in Korea between January 2020 and March 2022. Fatigue, stress, and resilience levels were evaluated in both groups using the Chalder fatigue scale (CFS), daily hassles scale revised (DHS-R), and Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC), respectively. The scores of each group were compared before and 6 months after surgery. RESULTS The initial CFS and DHS-R scores were significantly higher, while the CD-RISC score was significantly lower, in the OSA group than in the control group (p < 0.05). In the patients with OSA, all three scores significantly improved after surgery (p < 0.05). Additionally, when compared between the groups at 6 months, there were no differences in the CFS, DHS-R, or CD-RISC scores (p > 0.05). Even when the OSA group was divided into a success group and a failure group according to surgical outcomes and compared with the control group, the three scores of both groups did not show statistical differences from the control group (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Multilevel surgery may reduce fatigue as well as stress and increase resilience in patients with OSA to levels similar to those in non-OSA individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Young Jung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University Medical Center, Goyang 10475, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Mun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University Medical Center, Goyang 10475, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Man Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University Medical Center, Goyang 10475, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Wan Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dixon LJ, Hornsey MJ, Hartley N. "The Secret" to Success? The Psychology of Belief in Manifestation. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2023:1461672231181162. [PMID: 37421301 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231181162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
We explored the psychology of those who believe in manifestation: the ability to cosmically attract success in life through positive self-talk, visualization, and symbolic actions (e.g., acting as if something is true). In three studies (collective N = 1,023), we developed a reliable and valid measure-the Manifestation Scale-and found over one third of participants endorsed manifestation beliefs. Those who scored higher on the scale perceived themselves as more successful, had stronger aspirations for success, and believed they were more likely to achieve future success. They were also more likely to be drawn to risky investments, have experienced bankruptcy, and to believe they could achieve an unlikely level of success more quickly. We discuss the potential positives and negatives of this belief system in the context of growing public desire for success and an industry that capitalizes on these desires.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas J Dixon
- The University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
González-Herrera A, Pujol-Ribera E, Esteva M, Ruiz-Marcos L, March S. Colorectal cancer: a qualitative study of coping strategies used by survivors, with associated social determinants. Arch Public Health 2023; 81:111. [PMID: 37331995 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-023-01104-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer survivors have to develop coping strategies during the diagnosis and survivorship period. This study aims to identify coping strategies in patients with colorectal cancer, in particular the differences between coping strategies during the disease and throughout survival. It also aims to investigate the impact of some social determinants on coping strategies and critically reflect on the influence of positive psychology. METHODS Qualitative study with in-depth interviews of a purposive sample of 21 colorectal cancer survivors in Majorca (Spain), developed between 2017-2019. Data was analysed using interpretive thematic analysis. RESULTS We observed different coping strategies during the stages of disease and survival. However, striving toward acceptance and adaptation when facing difficulties and uncertainty, predominate in both stages. Confrontational attitudes are also considered important, as well as encouraging positive rather than negative feelings, which are considered unhelpful and to be avoided. CONCLUSIONS Although coping during illness and survival can be classified into common categories (problem and emotion-centred strategies), the challenges of these stages are faced differently. Age, gender and the cultural influence of positive psychology strongly influence both stages and strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Enriqueta Pujol-Ribera
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Gerència Territorial de Barcelona, Institut Català de La Salut, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Magdalena Esteva
- Primary Care Research Unit, Majorca Department of Primary Care, Baleares Health Service (IbSalut), Palma, Majorca, Spain.
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Majorca, Spain.
| | - Lorena Ruiz-Marcos
- Faculty of Political Sciences and Sociology, Complutense University of Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ni ZH, Lv HT, Wu JH, Wang F. Post-traumatic growth in caregivers of children hospitalized in the PICU due to traffic accident: a qualitative study. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:48. [PMID: 36814264 PMCID: PMC9948375 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01213-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, tens of millions of children are hospitalized every year for non-fatal traffic accident injuries, being confronted with an injured child can be extremely stressful for parents. Understandably, a significant level of psychological distress may ensue. Traumatic losses may lead parents to find new insights in life and develop a greater sense of spirituality and strength. METHOD Semi-structured interviews were conducted with caregivers of children who were hospitalized in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with traffic accident injuries at children's hospitals in China between January and June 2022. Caregivers were selected using a purposive sampling method until no new data were generated (n = 24). RESULTS We identified eleven sub-themes and four higher-order themes based on these sub-themes: (1) changes in their life philosophy, (2) personal strength enhancement, (3) relationship improvements, and (4) effective responses. The findings of our research contribute to a better understanding of the psychological status of the caregivers of children injured by traffic accidents. CONCLUSION Professionals should guide caregivers from a positive perspective, stimulate their strengths and potential, increase personnel support and communication, promote positive coping, formulate targeted management countermeasures to improve the PTG level of caregivers, and develop strategies to maintain stable mental health and well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Hong Ni
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, No. 92, Zhong nan St, Suzhou, 215025, China.
| | - Hai Tao Lv
- grid.452253.70000 0004 1804 524XChildren’s Hospital of Soochow University, No. 92, Zhong nan St, Suzhou, 215025 China
| | - Jin Hua Wu
- grid.452253.70000 0004 1804 524XChildren’s Hospital of Soochow University, No. 92, Zhong nan St, Suzhou, 215025 China
| | - Fang Wang
- grid.452253.70000 0004 1804 524XChildren’s Hospital of Soochow University, No. 92, Zhong nan St, Suzhou, 215025 China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Commissariat PV, Volkening LK, Weinzimer SA, Dassau E, Laffel LM. Assessing Incorporation of Type 1 Diabetes Into Identity: Validation of the Accepting Diabetes and Personal Treatment (ADAPT) Survey in Teens and Young Adults. Can J Diabetes 2023; 47:66-72. [PMID: 36184368 PMCID: PMC10096441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Teens and young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) often demonstrate difficulty with diabetes management, as they struggle to navigate the impact of T1D on their identities---their self-concepts, bodies, social networks, life experiences and desired futures. Positively incorporating T1D into identity may benefit biomedical and psychosocial outcomes. We aimed to validate and assess psychometric properties of the Accepting Diabetes and Personal Treatment (ADAPT) survey, a new measure of incorporation of T1D into one's identity. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 165 teens and young adults (13 to 25 years of age) with T1D (46% male, 87% Caucasian, 72% pump users, 67% on continuous glucose monitoring [CGM], age 18.5±3.2 years, diabetes duration 10.2±5.0 years, glycated hemoglobin [A1C] 8.5±1.3% [69±14 mmol/mol]). A1C was collected from medical records; participants completed the ADAPT survey and validated measures of fear of hypoglycemia, diabetes distress and quality of life. Internal consistency, reliability, validity and underlying factor structure were assessed. RESULTS The 18-item ADAPT survey demonstrated excellent internal consistency (alpha=0.90) as well as criterion and construct validity. Greater incorporation of diabetes was associated with male sex, pump use, CGM use, lower A1C, less fear of hypoglycemia, less diabetes distress and improved quality of life (p<0.01 for all). Factor analysis identified 3 main contributors to incorporation: Stigma Management, Adjustment to Perceived Interference and Benefit-finding. CONCLUSIONS The ADAPT survey is a valid and reliable measure of incorporation in teens and young adults with T1D that highlights the importance of identity in health outcomes. Diabetes device use and factors of incorporation (Stigma Management, Adjustment to Perceived Interference and Benefit-finding) offer targets for clinical intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stuart A Weinzimer
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | - Eyal Dassau
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States; Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Lori M Laffel
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
DeMott B, Aziz S, Wuensch K, Dolbier C. Labor of love, or love of labor? Psychological capital's mitigating role in the relationship between workaholism and work stress. Work 2023; 74:341-352. [PMID: 36214008 DOI: 10.3233/wor-210467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Workaholism is conceptualized as a compulsive need to work incessantly, and it is related to numerous detrimental organizational and individual consequences. For that reason, it is imperative that researchers uncover possible variables that can alleviate its potentially harmful effects. OBJECTIVE This study aims to examine the relationship between workaholism, psychological capital (PsyCap), physical health, and work stress. The potential mitigating role that PsyCap could play between workaholism and physical health, as well as work stress, was also examined. METHODS Data on workaholism, PsyCap, physical health, and work stress were collected from 343 full-time faculty and staff from a large Southeastern university. RESULTS Results showed workaholism negatively related to physical health and positively related to work stress. Additionally, PsyCap had a positive relationship with physical health and a negative relationship with work stress. Moreover, PsyCap moderated the relationship between workaholism and work stress, such that as PsyCap increased, the relationship between workaholism and work stress weakened. CONCLUSIONS PsyCap may be a fairly simple and cost-effective intervention for organizations to implement, as it can be learned through short training sessions. By incorporating PsyCap, organizations may be able to help mitigate levels of stress in their employees, specifically among those who suffer from workaholism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice DeMott
- Department of Psychology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Shahnaz Aziz
- Department of Psychology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Karl Wuensch
- Department of Psychology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Christyn Dolbier
- Department of Psychology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Flesia L, Adeeb M, Waseem A, Helmy M, Monaro M. Psychological Distress Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Protective Role of Hope. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:67-80. [PMID: 36661755 PMCID: PMC9857999 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak and the worldwide lockdown measures had an impact on the global mental health and psychological well-being of the general population. Several studies attempted to investigate the protective and risk factors for psychological distress related to the pandemic. However, to date, little is known about the role of hope in this context. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between hope and psychological distress related to the COVID-19 outbreak in the general population. The sample consisted of 504 Pakistani people who completed cross-sectionally the COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) and the Adult Hope Scale (AHS). Bivariate Pearson correlation analysis was run to measure the relationship between hope and psychological distress; hierarchical regression analysis was run to investigate the association between demographics and hope with psychological distress. Higher levels of hope predicted lower levels of psychological distress. Being female, being older, lower level of education, urban residence, being married and living in nuclear family systems were associated with higher levels of psychological distress. The study highlights the protective role of hope on psychological distress related to COVID-19, contributing to knowledge on factors promoting positive mental health during emergency times and providing useful information for implementing effective public health policies and programmes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Flesia
- Azienda ULSS6 Euganea, Via Degli Scrovegni, 14, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Muhammad Adeeb
- School of Applied Psychology, Social Work and Policy, University of Utara, Sintok 06010, Malaysia
| | - Aqsa Waseem
- School of Applied Psychology, Social Work and Policy, University of Utara, Sintok 06010, Malaysia
| | - Mai Helmy
- Psychology Department, Faculty of Arts, Menoufia University, Menoufia 32511, Egypt
- Psychology Department, College of Education, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat P.O. Box 50, Oman
| | - Merylin Monaro
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shiloh S, Peleg S, Nudelman G. Core self-evaluations as resilience and risk factors of psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2023; 28:95-109. [PMID: 35073806 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2022.2030480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In view of the grave consequences of distress reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic, this study investigated CSE (Core Self-evaluations) - internal/external health locus of control, generalized self-efficacy and trait optimism - and intolerance of uncertainty as potential correlates of distress reactions. We conducted an online questionnaire-based cross-sectional study with 422 Israeli respondents. Pandemic-related distress was defined by perceived stress, negative and positive affect, and worries. Predictors were: health locus of control, generalized self-efficacy, trait optimism, and intolerance of uncertainty. The findings show that CSEs and intolerance of uncertainty added between 11% (to perceived stress) and 22% (to negative affect) of explained variance beyond the background variables. Specifically, higher trait optimism and generalized self-efficacy were associated with less distress, and greater intolerance of uncertainty was correlated with higher distress. In conclusion, the CSE framework is useful for explaining psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Beyond their theoretical contribution, the findings may have practical implications for increasing resilience and ameliorating distress during a pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoshana Shiloh
- School of Psychological Sciences, Gordon Faculty of Social Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shira Peleg
- School of Behavioral Sciences, The Academic College of Tel Aviv-Yafo, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gabriel Nudelman
- School of Behavioral Sciences, The Academic College of Tel Aviv-Yafo, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang S, Liu D, Tian E, Wang J, Guo Z, Kong W. Central vestibular dysfunction: don't forget vestibular rehabilitation. Expert Rev Neurother 2022; 22:669-680. [PMID: 35912850 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2022.2106129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vestibular rehabilitation (VR) is now a subject of active studies and has been shown to be effective for multiple vestibular disorders, peripheral or central. VR is a physical therapy that helps train the central nervous system to compensate for vestibular dysfunction. There is moderate to strong evidence that VR is safe and effective for the management of peripheral vestibular dysfunction. Nonetheless, the studies on how VR works on central vestibular dysfunction remains scanty. AREAS COVERED This article addressed the rehabilitation strategies and possible mechanisms, including how central vestibular function might improve upon rehabilitation. In addition, it provides some examples concerning the effect of VR on central vestibular dysfunction. EXPERT OPINION VR works on the vestibular system through repetition of specific physical exercises that activate central neuroplastic mechanisms to achieve adaptive compensation of the impaired functions. VR has become a mainstay in the management of patients with dizziness and balance dysfunction. Individualized VR programs are a safe and effective treatment option for a large percentage of patients with central vestibular disease reporting imbalance and dizziness. Exploration of various treatment strategies and possible mechanisms will help develop the best and personalized VR treatment for patients with central vestibular dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sulin Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.,Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - E Tian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Zhaoqi Guo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Weijia Kong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.,Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.,Key Laboratory of Neurological Disorders of Education Ministry, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Loseby P, Schache K, Cavadino A, Young S, Hofman PL, Serlachius A. The role of protective psychological factors, self-care behaviors, and HbA1c in young adults with type 1 diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes 2022; 23:380-389. [PMID: 34967089 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether protective psychological factors in young adults with type 1 diabetes are associated with more optimal self-care behaviors and HbA1c, and to explore possible mediators between protective psychological factors and HbA1c. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This cross-sectional study examined the associations between protective psychological factors (optimism, positive efficacy expectancies, and self-compassion), maladaptive psychological factors (depression, anxiety, and stress), self-care behaviors, and HbA1c in 113 young adults (17-25 years) with type 1 diabetes in Auckland, New Zealand. Pearson's correlations, multiple linear regressions, and multiple mediation analyses were used to examine associations and mediators. RESULTS Higher positive efficacy expectancies (beliefs about coping with difficulties) were associated with more optimal HbA1c (β = -0.26, 95% CI: -1.99 to -0.45) and more optimal self-care behaviors (β = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.28 to 0.92) in the adjusted models. Higher levels of self-compassion were associated with more optimal self-care behaviors (β = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.43). Depression was associated with less optimal self-care behaviors (β = -0.35, 95% CI: -1.33 to -0.43) and stress was associated with less optimal HbA1c (β = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.27 to 1.21). Mediation results suggested that self-care behaviors mediated the relationship between all three of the protective psychological factors and more optimal HbA1c, and that lower stress also mediated the relationship between higher self-compassion and more optimal HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS This study adds to the emerging literature that protective psychological factors may play an adaptive role in improving health outcomes in young adults with type 1 diabetes. Interventions targeting protective psychological factors present a promising approach to optimizing wellbeing and self-care in youth with type 1 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philippa Loseby
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kiralee Schache
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Psychological Medicine, Counties Manukau Health, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alana Cavadino
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Simon Young
- North Shore Hospital, Waitemata District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Paul L Hofman
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anna Serlachius
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zheng X, Cui Y, Xue Y, Shi L, Guo Y, Dong F, Zhang C. Adverse childhood experiences in depression and the mediating role of multimorbidity in mid-late life: A nationwide longitudinal study. J Affect Disord 2022; 301:217-224. [PMID: 35031336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Adverse childhood experiences are co-occurring factors of multimorbidity and depression in mid-late life, but the combined effect of ACEs and multimorbidity on depression over life has not been fully studied. METHODS We used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study which includes 4,440 middle-aged and older adults. Different types of ACEs experienced up to the age of 17 were assessed based on self-reports. We used parallel process Latent Growth Curve modelling to evaluate the longitudinal mediation role of ACEs, multimorbidity and depression. RESULTS People who had more ACEs were found to have a higher level of multimorbidity (intercept: 0.057, 95% CI: 0.031 to 0.079) and depression (intercept: 0.047, 95% CI: 0.013 to 0.076) at the baseline and a faster increase in multimorbidity (slope: 0.107, 95%CI: 0.078 to 0.136) and depression (slope: 0.074, 95%CI: 0.035 to 0.153). The mediation analysis indicated that there was a positive indirect association of ACEs via the multimorbidity intercept with the intercept of depression (0.028, 95%CI: 0.012 to 0.043), and a small negative association with the slope of depression (-0.002, 95%CI: -0.003 to -0.001). We also found a positive indirect association of ACEs via the multimorbidity slope with the intercept (0.035, 95%CI: 0.021 to 0.049) and slope (0.008, 95%CI: 0.004 to 0.011) of depression. CONCLUSIONS ACEs were related to higher depression partly via elevated multimorbidity. Public health services and behavioural interventions to prevent and reduce the occurrence of ACEs might help to lower the risk of multimorbidity and depression in later life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zheng
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuehua Cui
- Department of Statistics & Probability, Michigan State University, China
| | - Yaqing Xue
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Guo
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Health Management, Nafang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Dong
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chichen Zhang
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Health Management, Nafang Hospital, Guangzhou, China; Institute of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zięba M, Wiecheć K, Wójcik NE, Zięba MJ. Prioritizing Positivity, Styles of Rumination, Coping Strategies, and Posttraumatic Growth: Examining Their Patterns and Correlations in a Prospective Study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:842979. [PMID: 35282249 PMCID: PMC8913722 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.842979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesA growing number of studies indicate that coping with the experience of a crisis event, which causes a breach in the individual’s fundamental beliefs regarding the world and his/her place in it, can result in posttraumatic growth. Positive emotions can have an undoing effect on negative emotional arousal and broaden an individual’s scope of action, and they can foster posttraumatic growth. This study aimed to examine relations between prioritizing positivity, styles of rumination, coping strategies, and posttraumatic growth.MethodsOne hundred and sixty-four Polish adults took part in the study, filling out questionnaires to measure prioritizing positivity, hope, and self-efficacy. Twelve to fifteen months later, 104 of them accepted the invitation to the second part of the study. The participants reported the intensity of rumination associated with the most critical event in their lives, which took place between the first and second stages of the study and the coping strategies they used. Posttraumatic growth and life satisfaction were also measured.ResultsResults from hierarchical regressions found that higher levels of prioritizing positivity, deliberate ruminations, and religious coping and lower level of intrusive ruminations were associated with posttraumatic growth. The results also indicate that self-esteem was a significant predictor of life satisfaction.ConclusionsThe results of the prospective study confirm that individual differences in prioritizing positivity can relate to a process of posttraumatic growth. Prioritizing positivity was associated with the use of an active coping strategy and deliberate but not intrusive ruminations. Previous studies on the role of prioritizing positivity have focused on the impact on the level of wellbeing of seeking positive emotions in everyday life. Our results show the importance of prioritizing positivity in coping with stress and trauma. These results can be used to design effective psychological intervention techniques to support people experiencing trauma and psychological crises. The results also indicate that life satisfaction has different predictors from posttraumatic growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Zięba
- Center for Trauma, Crisis and Growth, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Poznań, Poland
- *Correspondence: Mariusz Zięba,
| | - Katarzyna Wiecheć
- Center for Trauma, Crisis and Growth, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Natalia E. Wójcik
- Center for Trauma, Crisis and Growth, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Poznań, Poland
| | - Michał J. Zięba
- Center for Trauma, Crisis and Growth, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Romano KA, Heron KE. Examining Race and Gender Differences in Associations Among Body Appreciation, Eudaimonic Psychological Well-Being, and Intuitive Eating and Exercising. Am J Health Promot 2021; 36:117-128. [PMID: 34350774 DOI: 10.1177/08901171211036910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study examined race and gender differences among positive psychological constructs, and adaptive eating and exercise behaviors. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Online. SAMPLE College students (N = 1,228; Mage = 22.27, SD = 5.83). MEASURES Participants completed measures assessing positive body image, eudaimonic psychological well-being, and health behaviors. ANALYSES Multi-group structural equation modeling was used to examine whether White versus Black race and, separately, woman versus man gender identity moderated associations among body appreciation, eudaimonic psychological well-being, and intuitive eating and intuitive exercising. RESULTS Results generally indicated that greater body appreciation was associated with greater eudaimonic psychological well-being (βs = 0.48, 0.56) and, in turn, intuitive eating (βs = -0.20, 0.25) and intuitive exercising (βs = -0.06, 0.23). However, notable variations in this pattern of results were identified based on the facet of intuitive eating and exercising under investigation, and participants' racial identities. For example, greater eudaimonic psychological well-being strictly mediated a positive association between body appreciation and reliance on hunger and satiety cues intuitive eating behaviors among participants who identified as Black (95%CI: 0.01, 0.12), but not White (95%CI: -0.08, 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Although the present findings warrant replication using longitudinal designs due to the cross-sectional nature of the present study, these findings suggest that increasing adults' eudaimonic psychological well-being may help improve health-promoting eating and exercise behaviors, and should be assessed as a mechanism of change in future clinical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Romano
- 169177The Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Kristin E Heron
- 169177The Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, Norfolk, VA, USA.,6042Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Togari T, Yoshioka-Maeda K. Coping and Growth among Isolated Male Workers Following the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Accident. JOURNAL OF LOSS & TRAUMA 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15325024.2021.1932132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Togari
- Faculty of Liberal Arts, Open University of Japan, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kyoko Yoshioka-Maeda
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, Wako, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cuvelier S, Blaise D, Boher JM, Villaron-Goetgheluck C, Justafré S, Pakradouni J, Granata A, Furst S, Dantin P, Viens P, Calvin S. A study of elite sport-inspired coaching for patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2021; 56:2755-2762. [PMID: 34262141 PMCID: PMC8277989 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-021-01401-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A need for social support is often expressed after hospitalization post HSCT. Emotional support and positive psychological constructs play an important role in post-HSCT recovery. Interventions generating positive affect can influence the health and well-being of transplant patients. It has been established that coaching in elite sport area leads to performance by playing a decisive role in maintaining the athlete’s feelings of hope and autonomy in order to enable him or her to achieve their goals. In this single-center, prospective, one-arm study, we evaluated, in 32 post-HSCT patients, the acceptability of a coaching program inspired by elite sport coaching. Benefits were evaluated by questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The coaching program was accepted by 97% of the patients. Analysis of the scores on the “Means” sub-dimension of Hope showed a significant increase over time (p = 0.0249 < 0.05) for every patient. Qualitative analysis of patient’s satisfaction pointed out that this support facilitated the transition to a life without illness in particular in the non-hospital context of coaching sessions. Our results show that a “sport-inspired coaching“ may offer an innovative approach supporting psychological and social recovery after HSCT and helping to start and/or maintain the processes leading to psychological well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Cuvelier
- Management Sport Cancer Laboratory (UR 20122035V), Faculty of Sport Sciences, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Blaise
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France.,Cancer Research Center of Marseille, INSERM (UMR 1068), CNRS (UMR 7258), Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Marie Boher
- Department of Clinical Research and Innovation. Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Charlène Villaron-Goetgheluck
- Management Sport Cancer Laboratory (UR 20122035V), Faculty of Sport Sciences, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Sebastien Justafré
- Management Sport Cancer Laboratory (UR 20122035V), Faculty of Sport Sciences, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Jihane Pakradouni
- Department of Clinical Research and Innovation. Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Angela Granata
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Sabine Furst
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Pierre Dantin
- Management Sport Cancer Laboratory (UR 20122035V), Faculty of Sport Sciences, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Patrice Viens
- Management Sport Cancer Laboratory (UR 20122035V), Faculty of Sport Sciences, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,Departement of Medical Oncology, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Sarah Calvin
- Management Sport Cancer Laboratory (UR 20122035V), Faculty of Sport Sciences, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mayer S, Fuchs S, Fink M, Schäffeler N, Zipfel S, Geiser F, Reichmann H, Falkenburger B, Skardelly M, Teufel M. Hope and Distress Are Not Associated With the Brain Tumor Stage. Front Psychol 2021; 12:642345. [PMID: 34122231 PMCID: PMC8192812 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.642345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Hopelessness and depression are strongly associated with suicidality. Given that physical and psychological outcomes can be altered with hope, hope is a therapeutic goal of increasing importance in the treatment of brain tumor patients. Moreover, it is not yet understood which factors affect the perception of hope in brain tumor patients. In addition, it remains uncertain whether lower-grade brain tumor patients suffer less from psycho-oncological distress than higher-grade brain tumor patients. Methods Neuro-oncological patients were examined perioperatively with the Distress Thermometer (DT) and the Herth Hope Index (HHI). In addition, psychological comorbidities (anxiety GAD-2, depression PHQ-2) and an assessment of general psycho-oncological distress were recorded. Results Sixty-six brain tumor patients were included (median age 53 years, 35% higher-grade brain tumors, i.e., WHO grade III/IV). No differences between higher- and lower-grade brain tumor patients were observed for general psycho-oncological distress and hope. However, higher-grade brain tumor patients showed a significantly higher level of depression (p ≤ 0.001) and more negative expectations regarding therapeutic success (H = 4.873, p ≤ 0.050). The extent of depression correlated negatively with hope. Conclusion Unexpectedly, higher-grade brain tumor patients remained as hopeful as lower-grade brain tumor patients despite the devastating diagnosis, higher levels of depression, and a worse expectation of therapeutic success. Conversely, lower-grade brain tumor patients experience as much psycho-oncological distress as patients with a higher-grade brain tumor, underpinning the imperative need for comprehensive psycho-oncological screening. For all brain tumor patients, considering hope is important to avoid suicides resulting from hopelessness and depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Mayer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Fuchs
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Madeleine Fink
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Norbert Schäffeler
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Franziska Geiser
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Heinz Reichmann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Björn Falkenburger
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marco Skardelly
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen-Stuttgart, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Neurosurgery, District Hospital Reutlingen, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Martin Teufel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,Section of Psycho-Oncology, West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chiba R, Yamazaki Y, Miyamoto Y, Funakoshi A. Related Changes in Personal Recovery, Benefit Finding, and Sense of Coherence among People with Chronic Mental Illness: A Two-Wave Study. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 155:292-308. [DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2021.1880360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
23
|
Zeligman M, Ataga J, Shaw Z. Posttraumatic Growth in Trauma Survivors: Associations With Attachment to God and God Representation. COUNSELING AND VALUES 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cvj.12135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Zeligman
- Department of Counselor Education and School Psychology University of Central Florida
| | - Jasmaine Ataga
- Department of Counseling and Psychological Services Georgia State University
- Now at College of Education University of Florida at Gainesville
| | - Zoe Shaw
- Department of Counseling and Psychological Services Georgia State University
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zerach G. Posttraumatic growth among combat veterans and their siblings: A dyadic approach. J Clin Psychol 2020; 76:1719-1735. [PMID: 32173865 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to use a dyadic approach to assess the effects of veterans' posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (PTSS) and siblings' secondary PTSS, as well as veterans' and siblings' relationship quality, on primary and secondary posttraumatic growth (PTG). METHOD A volunteers' sample of 106 dyads of Israeli combat veterans and their close-in-age siblings responded to self-report questionnaires in a cross-sectional, dyadic design study. RESULTS Veterans' primary PTG was positively associated with siblings' secondary PTG. Veterans' PTSS and siblings' secondary PTSS were associated with higher levels of primary and secondary PTG, respectively. Furthermore, among veterans, warmth in siblings' relationships was associated with higher levels of primary PTG. However, among siblings, rivalry in sibling relationships was associated with lower levels of secondary PTG. CONCLUSIONS Both veterans' and siblings' PTSS are only related to their own PTG. Moreover, perception of siblings' relationship quality might have a differential effect on PTG among veterans and their siblings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gadi Zerach
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Phua DY, Kee MZL, Meaney MJ. Positive Maternal Mental Health, Parenting, and Child Development. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 87:328-337. [PMID: 31839213 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
While maternal mental health is an important influence on child development, the existing literature focuses primarily on negative aspects of maternal mental health, particularly symptoms of depression, anxiety, or states of distress. We provide a review of the evidence on the potential importance of positive mental health for both mother and child. The evidence suggests that positive mental health is a distinct construct that is associated with improved birth outcomes and potentially with specific forms of parenting that promote both academic achievement and socioemotional function. We review studies that provide a plausible biological basis for the link between positive mental health and parenting, focusing on oxytocin-dopamine interactions. We caution that the evidence is largely preliminary and suggest directions for future research, noting the importance of identifying the operative dimensions of positive maternal mental health in relation to specific outcomes. We suggest that the inclusion of positive maternal mental health provides the potential for a more comprehensive understanding of parental influences on child development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Desiree Y Phua
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Michelle Z L Kee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore; Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Sackler Program for Epigenetics and Psychobiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cronly J, Duff A, Riekert K, Horgan A, Lehane E, Perry I, Fitzgerald A, Howe B, Chroinin MN, Savage E. Positive mental health and wellbeing in adults with cystic fibrosis: A cross sectional study. J Psychosom Res 2019; 116:125-130. [PMID: 30579560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Screening for depression and anxiety in people with cystic fibrosis (CF) is recommended but this alone can miss the opportunity to assess and promote positive mental health and wellbeing. This cross-sectional study assessed positive mental health and wellbeing, and associations with physical health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adults with CF. METHODS Adults (n = 147) with CF from 9 CF centres in the Republic of Ireland completed the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-being scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised. Demographic and physical health outcome data were also collected. RESULTS High levels of positive mental health and wellbeing were reported in this sample. There were significant associations between positive 'mental health and wellbeing' and pulmonary function, self-reported physical health and recent hospitalizations. Positive mental health was significantly associated with 11 of the 12 CFQ-R domains assessing HRQoL. CONCLUSION Assessing and promoting positive mental health and wellbeing may contribute to improving or maintaining physical and mental health, and HRQoL in patients with cystic fibrosis. It provides valuable clinical information to complement depression and anxiety screening and has potential to track the effectiveness of mental health promotion strategies by assessing and monitoring positive mental health and wellbeing over time. Individuals with CF may benefit from interventions that promote positive mental health and wellbeing by enhancing coping and problem-solving skills and fostering hope and optimism. Future research should focus on the development and testing of positive mental health and wellbeing promotion interventions in people with CF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Cronly
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Alistair Duff
- Department of Clinical & Health Psychology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Kristin Riekert
- John Hopkins Adherence Research Center, John Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Aine Horgan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Elaine Lehane
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Ivan Perry
- School of Public Health, Western Gate Building, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Anthony Fitzgerald
- School of Public Health, Western Gate Building, University College Cork, Ireland; Department of Statistics, Western Gate Building, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Barbara Howe
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Eileen Savage
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Naruse SM, Moss M. Positive Massage for Couples’ Wellbeing and Relationships: The Bridge between Positive Psychology and Massage. Health (London) 2019. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2019.1112122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
28
|
Martin-Soelch C, Schnyder U. Editorial: Resilience and Vulnerability Factors in Response to Stress. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:732. [PMID: 31749715 PMCID: PMC6843065 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Martin-Soelch
- IReach Lab, Unit of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Joshanloo M, Jovanović V. Subjective health in relation to hedonic and eudaimonic wellbeing: Evidence from the Gallup World Poll. J Health Psychol 2018; 26:438-448. [PMID: 30582374 DOI: 10.1177/1359105318820104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the relationships between subjective health, hedonic wellbeing (i.e. positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction), and eudaimonic wellbeing (i.e. psycho-social functioning). The sample was drawn from the Gallup World Poll and included a total of 1,567,295 individuals in 165 countries. We found that both hedonic and eudaimonic wellbeing were uniquely associated with subjective health. However, the relative contributions of each dimension to subjective health varied, with negative affect demonstrating the strongest relationship with subjective health and life satisfaction demonstrating the weakest association. The moderating effects of some national-level variables were also explored.
Collapse
|
30
|
Smyth JM, Johnson JA, Auer BJ, Lehman E, Talamo G, Sciamanna CN. Online Positive Affect Journaling in the Improvement of Mental Distress and Well-Being in General Medical Patients With Elevated Anxiety Symptoms: A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Ment Health 2018; 5:e11290. [PMID: 30530460 PMCID: PMC6305886 DOI: 10.2196/11290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positive affect journaling (PAJ), an emotion-focused self-regulation intervention, has been associated with positive outcomes among medical populations. It may be adapted for Web-based dissemination to address a need for scalable, evidence-based psychosocial interventions among distressed patients with medical conditions. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the impact of a 12-week Web-based PAJ intervention on psychological distress and quality of life in general medical patients. METHODS A total of 70 adults with various medical conditions and elevated anxiety symptoms were recruited from local clinics and randomly assigned to a Web-based PAJ intervention (n=35) or usual care (n=35). The intervention group completed 15-min Web-based PAJ sessions on 3 days each week for 12 weeks. At baseline and the end of months 1 through 3, surveys of psychological, interpersonal, and physical well-being were completed. RESULTS Patients evidenced moderate sustained adherence to Web-based intervention. PAJ was associated with decreased mental distress and increased well-being relative to baseline. PAJ was also associated with less depressive symptoms and anxiety after 1 month and greater resilience after the first and second month, relative to usual care. CONCLUSIONS Web-based PAJ may serve as an effective intervention for mitigating mental distress, increasing well-being, and enhancing physical functioning among medical populations. PAJ may be integrated into routine medical care to improve quality of life. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01873599; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01873599 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/73ZGFzD2Z).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Smyth
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Jillian A Johnson
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Brandon J Auer
- Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Erik Lehman
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Giampaolo Talamo
- Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Christopher N Sciamanna
- Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Shiloh S, Heruti I, Diamis A, Levy S, Avitsur R, Deutscher D, Gutvirtz M, Berkovitz T. The role of centrality to self-concept in moderating the associations between injury perceptions and outcomes. Psychol Health 2018; 33:1519-1536. [PMID: 30406691 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2018.1518528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the centrality of injury to self-concept as a moderator of the associations between injury perceptions and outcomes. METHODS Two concurrent studies on samples of injured individuals. MEASURES The centrality of injury to one's self concept was measured by the degree of self-injury separation (PRISM); injury perceptions were measured by the injury perception questionnaire; and outcomes by standard scales of self-assessed health, physical, emotional and social functioning, vitality, depression, anxiety and somatisation. Regression analyses examined the significance of adding the interactions between injury centrality and injury perceptions to explained outcome variance, beyond their separate contributions. RESULTS Both injury centrality and injury perceptions significantly explained variance in patients' functioning and well-being. Injury centrality moderated the associations between various injury perceptions and outcomes, especially pronounced for emotional representations of the injury. As hypothesised, the effects of injury perceptions on outcomes were stronger among patients for whom the injury was central to their self-concept compared to patients who perceived the injury as peripheral to their self-concept. CONCLUSIONS 'Centrality to the self' is a moderator of the impact of perceptions on outcomes of injuries. The findings suggest ways to tailor interventions to sub-groups of injured patients based on injury centrality to their self-concept.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoshana Shiloh
- a The School of Psychological Sciences, The Gordon Faculty of Social Sciences , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Irit Heruti
- b School of Behavioral Sciences , Tel Aviv-Yaffo Academic College , Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anastasia Diamis
- a The School of Psychological Sciences, The Gordon Faculty of Social Sciences , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sigal Levy
- b School of Behavioral Sciences , Tel Aviv-Yaffo Academic College , Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ronit Avitsur
- b School of Behavioral Sciences , Tel Aviv-Yaffo Academic College , Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Effects of an Empowerment Program on Resilience and Posttraumatic Growth Levels of Cancer Survivors. Cancer Nurs 2018; 42:E1-E13. [DOI: 10.1097/ncc.0000000000000644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
33
|
da Silva AN, Alvares de Lima ST, Vettore MV. Protective psychosocial factors and dental caries in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Paediatr Dent 2018; 28:443-458. [PMID: 29926978 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychosocial protective factors include dispositional and family attributes that may reduce the occurrence of dental caries. AIM This review analysed the evidence on the relationship between protective psychosocial factors and dental caries in children and adolescents. DESIGN Primary studies involving children and adolescents were searched in the following electronic databases: Medline, SCOPUS, LILACS, SciELO, and Web of Science. The reference lists were also screened. Protective psychosocial factor descriptors were in accordance with the salutogenic theory. The outcome was clinical measure of dental caries. Quality assessments were performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. RESULTS The final search resulted in 35 studies, including 7 cohort, one case-control, and 27 cross-sectional studies. Most studies were of moderate quality. Meta-analyses revealed that low parental internal locus of control (cohort studies: OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.20-1.64; cross-sectional studies: OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.19-1.41), high parental external chance (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.10-1.29), and high maternal sense of coherence (OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.62-0.93) were associated with dental caries in children. High social support (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.68-0.93) and greater self-efficacy (OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.12-1.22) were also associated with dental caries in adolescents. CONCLUSIONS The current evidence suggests that some salutogenic factors are important protective factors of dental caries during childhood and adolescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andréa Neiva da Silva
- Department of Health and Society, Institute of Community Health, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | | | - Mario Vianna Vettore
- Unit Oral Health, Dentistry and Society, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Positive maternal mental health during pregnancy associated with specific forms of adaptive development in early childhood: Evidence from a longitudinal study. Dev Psychopathol 2018; 29:1573-1587. [PMID: 29162171 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579417001249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The quality of prenatal maternal mental health, from psychological stress and depressive symptoms to anxiety and other nonpsychotic mental disorders, profoundly affects fetal neurodevelopment. Despite the evidence for the influence of positive mental well-being on health, there is, to our knowledge, no research examining the possible effects of positive antenatal mental health on the development of the offspring. Using exploratory bifactor analysis, this prospective study (n = 1,066) demonstrated the feasibility of using common psychiatric screening tools to examine the effect of positive maternal mental health. Antenatal mental health was assessed during 26th week of pregnancy. The effects on offspring were assessed when the child was 12, 18, and 24 months old. Results showed that positive antenatal mental health was uniquely associated with the offspring's cognitive, language and parentally rated competences. This study shows that the effects of positive maternal mental health are likely to be specific and distinct from the sheer absence of symptoms of depression or anxiety.
Collapse
|
35
|
Galin S, Heruti I, Barak N, Gotkine M. Hope and self-efficacy are associated with better satisfaction with life in people with ALS. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2018; 19:611-618. [PMID: 29848125 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2018.1476546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The psychological phenotype in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is less negative than in other neurodegenerative diseases, manifested by a lower prevalence of psychopathology, such as anxiety and major depression, and a higher perceived quality of life by patients, irrespective of physical impairment. We hypothesized that positive psychological factors such as hope, optimism, and self-efficacy in people with ALS (PALS) were key determinants of satisfaction with life (SWL), despite physical impairment, and were protective against psychopathology. Forty PALS, at different functional levels, completed objective questionnaires to evaluate psychological factors of hope, optimism, self-efficacy, and SWL. Approximately 41% of the variance in SWL was accounted for by the Agency factor of hope. The results indicated that SWL was significantly correlated to specific positive psychological factors of hope and self-efficacy. Physical impairment was not correlated with positive psychological factors or SWL. These results support the role of hope and self-efficacy in maintaining satisfaction with life in PALS and consideration of these potentially modifiable factors could improve palliative therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shir Galin
- a Department of Medical Psychology graduate studies, School of Behavioral Sciences , Tel Aviv - Yaffo Academic College , Tel Aviv , Israel.,b Meir Medical Center , Kfar Saba , Israel
| | - Irit Heruti
- a Department of Medical Psychology graduate studies, School of Behavioral Sciences , Tel Aviv - Yaffo Academic College , Tel Aviv , Israel.,c Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital , Petah Tikva , Israel , and
| | - Noa Barak
- a Department of Medical Psychology graduate studies, School of Behavioral Sciences , Tel Aviv - Yaffo Academic College , Tel Aviv , Israel
| | - Marc Gotkine
- d Neuromuscular/EMG service and ALS/Motor Neuron Disease Clinic , Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center , Jerusalem , Israel
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wu AMS, Lau JTF, Mo PKH, Lau MMC. Psychological distress and resilience as risk and protective factors of psychoactive substance use among Chinese nonengaged youth. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.2340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anise M. S. Wu
- Department of Psychology; University of Macau; Taipa Macau China
| | - Joseph T. F. Lau
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong China
- Shenzhen Research Institute; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shenzhen China
- Centre for Medical Anthropology and Behavioral Health; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou China
| | - Phoenix K. H. Mo
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong China
- Shenzhen Research Institute; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shenzhen China
| | - Mason M. C. Lau
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ayers S. Birth trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder: the importance of risk and resilience. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2017.1386874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susan Ayers
- Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research, City, University of London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Alexander GL, Lindberg N, Firemark AL, Rukstalis MR, McMullen C. Motivations of Young Adults for Improving Dietary Choices: Focus Group Findings Prior to the MENU GenY Dietary Change Trial. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2017; 45:492-500. [PMID: 29068724 DOI: 10.1177/1090198117736347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young adulthood is often associated with poor dietary habits that may increase risk of obesity and chronic diseases. As independence grows, little is known about strategies to help balance social, work, and education commitments that may override desires to incorporate healthful food choices. OBJECTIVE In advance of a randomized trial to test an online intervention targeting young adults, we sought to identify views and experiences with healthy eating, and specifically, eating more fruits and vegetables. METHODS We conducted 13 focus groups with 68 young adults in metropolitan Detroit (Henry Ford Health System) and rural Pennsylvania (Geisinger Health System). Randomly selected adults aged 21 to 30 years, using health system automated data, were sent recruitment letters. Questions were grounded in social cognitive theory and self-determination theory. Audiotapes were transcribed, content themes identified, coded, verified for reliability, and analyzed qualitatively. RESULTS Young adults' efforts to eat healthfully included three major themes of (1) motivations to create a healthy lifestyle, teach by example, feel better, and manage weight and future health problems; (2) learning to eat well from childhood, independent living, and peers; and (3) strategies to eat better through planning, tracking, and commitment. DISCUSSION We uncovered theory-based factors that facilitate healthy dietary behavior change among young adults, including managing their behavior through self-monitoring, goal-setting, small steps, meaningful reinforcements, and social opportunities. CONCLUSIONS Targeted interventions encouraging reflection on personal values related to meaningful contemporary health benefits are likely to resonate with young adults, as will opportunities to receive and share new information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nangel Lindberg
- 2 Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Center for Health Research, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Alison L Firemark
- 2 Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Center for Health Research, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Carmit McMullen
- 2 Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Center for Health Research, Portland, OR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Pennington JT, Hackney CH. Resourcing a Christian positive psychology from the Sermon on the Mount. THE JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2016.1228008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Charles H. Hackney
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Briercrest College and Seminary, Caronport, SK, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Parental coping in the context of having a child who is facing death: A theoretical framework. Palliat Support Care 2017; 16:432-441. [DOI: 10.1017/s1478951517000463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTObjective:While improvements in healthcare have resulted in children with complex and life-threatening conditions living longer, a proportion of them still die. The death of a child puts parents at increased risk for anxiety, depression, and complicated grief. Increasing our understanding of the coping strategies that parents use under such extreme circumstances will enable us to best provide support to families, before and after a child's death. Our aim herein was to develop a theoretical framework of parental coping.Method:Evidence from the literature was employed to develop a theoretical framework to describe parental coping in the context of having a child with a life-limiting illness who is declining and facing eventual death.Results:The reasoning and argument consists of three guiding elements: (1) the importance of approach as well as avoidance (as coping strategies) in the context of managing the extreme emotions; (2) the importance of the social aspect of coping within a family, whereby parents cope for others as well as for themselves; and (3) the importance of a flexible and balanced coping profile, with parents using different coping strategies simultaneously. Central to the proposed framework is that effective coping, in terms of adjustment, is achieved by balancing coping strategies: accessing different coping strategies simultaneously or in parallel with a specific focus on (1) approach and avoidance and (2) coping aimed at self and others.Significance of results:Understanding of parental coping strategies is essential for health professionals in order to support parents effectively.
Collapse
|
41
|
Dunne S, Mooney O, Coffey L, Sharp L, Timmons A, Desmond D, Gooberman-Hill R, O'Sullivan E, Keogh I, Timon C, Gallagher P. Self-management strategies used by head and neck cancer survivors following completion of primary treatment: A directed content analysis. Psychooncology 2017; 26:2194-2200. [PMID: 28453887 DOI: 10.1002/pon.4447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors encounter unique challenges following treatment. This study aimed to identify self-management strategies that HNC survivors use to overcome these posttreatment challenges. METHODS Twenty-seven individuals from 4 designated cancer centres in Ireland were interviewed about self-management strategies that helped them overcome challenges following HNC treatment. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analysed using directed content analysis. RESULTS Twenty self-management strategy types (encompassing 77 specific strategies) were identified. The most frequently used self-management strategy types were self-sustaining (used by 26 survivors), self-motivating (n = 25), and proactive problem solving (n = 25). The most frequently used specific strategies were adaptive approaches to ongoing physical consequences of HNC and its treatment (n = 24), customising dietary practices (n = 24), and maintaining a positive outlook (n = 22). CONCLUSIONS The study identified strategies that helped HNC survivors to self-manage posttreatment challenges. This information could inform the design/development of self-management interventions tailored towards HNC survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Dunne
- School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Orla Mooney
- School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Laura Coffey
- Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Linda Sharp
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | | | - Deirdre Desmond
- Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | | | | | - Ivan Keogh
- Ear Nose and Throat Department, University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Conrad Timon
- Head and Neck Cancer Programme, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Pamela Gallagher
- School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Carbone EG, Echols ET. Effects of optimism on recovery and mental health after a tornado outbreak. Psychol Health 2017; 32:530-548. [PMID: 28156138 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2017.1283039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dispositional optimism, a stable expectation that good things will happen, has been shown to improve health outcomes in a wide range of contexts, but very little research has explored the impact of optimism on post-disaster health and well-being. DESIGN Data for this study come from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Public health systems and mental health community recovery (PHSMHCR) Survey. Participants included 3216 individuals living in counties affected by the April 2011 tornado outbreak in Mississippi and Alabama. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES This study assesses the effect of dispositional optimism on post-disaster recovery and mental health. RESULTS Dispositional optimism was found to have a positive effect on personal recovery and mental health after the disaster. Furthermore, it moderated the relationship between level of home damage and personal recovery as well as the relationship between home damage and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with stronger effects for those with increased levels of home damage. CONCLUSIONS The utility of screening for optimism is discussed, along with the potential for interventions to increase optimism as a means of mitigating adverse mental health effects and improving the recovery of individuals affected by disasters and other traumatic events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric G Carbone
- a U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) , Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response (OPHPR) , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Erin Thomas Echols
- a U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) , Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response (OPHPR) , Atlanta , GA , USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Motl RW, Mowry EM, Ehde DM, LaRocca NG, Smith KE, Costello K, Shinto L, Ng AV, Sullivan AB, Giesser B, McCully KK, Fernhall B, Bishop M, Plow M, Casaccia P, Chiaravalloti ND. Wellness and multiple sclerosis: The National MS Society establishes a Wellness Research Working Group and research priorities. Mult Scler 2017; 24:262-267. [PMID: 28080254 PMCID: PMC5494005 DOI: 10.1177/1352458516687404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background: People with multiple sclerosis (MS) have identified “wellness” and associated behaviors as a high priority based on “social media listening” undertaken by the National MS Society (i.e. the Society). Objective: The Society recently convened a group that consisted of researchers with experience in MS and wellness-related research, Society staff members, and an individual with MS for developing recommendations regarding a wellness research agenda. Method: The members of the group engaged in focal reviews and discussions involving the state of science within three approaches for promoting wellness in MS, namely diet, exercise, and emotional wellness. Results: That process informed a group-mediated activity for developing and prioritizing research goals for wellness in MS. This served as a background for articulating the mission and objectives of the Society’s Wellness Research Working Group. Conclusion: The primary mission of the Wellness Research Working Group is the provision of scientific evidence supporting the application of lifestyle, behavioral, and psychosocial approaches for promoting optimal health of mind, body, and spirit (i.e. wellness) in people with MS as well as managing the disease and its consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Motl
- Department of Physical Therapy, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ellen M Mowry
- Department of Epidemiology and Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dawn M Ehde
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Kathy E Smith
- National Multiple Sclerosis Society, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Lynne Shinto
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Alexander V Ng
- Exercise Science Program, Physical Therapy Department, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Amy B Sullivan
- Mellen Center for MS, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Barbara Giesser
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kevin K McCully
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Bo Fernhall
- College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Malachy Bishop
- Early Childhood, Special Education, and Rehabilitation Counseling, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Matthew Plow
- Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Patrizia Casaccia
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and Advanced Research Science Center, City University at New York, New York, NY, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
This article explores the construct of wellbeing. Research concerning the relationship between subjective wellbeing and health is discussed. Key components of wellbeing that are important to health include 'sense of coherence', 'optimism' and 'benefit finding and post-traumatic growth'. A range of positive psychology interventions that aim to increase positive thoughts, feelings and emotions in order to improve wellbeing have been developed. Mindfulness-based approaches to improving wellbeing are especially popular and are evidence based. These focus on helping the individual to develop an awareness of the present with acceptance and attention. Instead of trying to change uncomfortable thoughts or feelings, the individual practices accepting these, without judgement. Nurses can draw on the information in this article to provide evidence-based advice and guidance to help improve their patients' and their own wellbeing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Barley
- Professor in Health and Wellbeing, College of Nursing, Midwifery and Healthcare, University of West London
| | - Victoria Lawson
- Principal Health Psychologist, Southwark Talking Therapies Service, London
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Huffman JC, Millstein RA, Mastromauro CA, Moore SV, Celano CM, Bedoya CA, Suarez L, Boehm JK, Januzzi JL. A Positive Psychology Intervention for Patients with an Acute Coronary Syndrome: Treatment Development and Proof-of-Concept Trial. JOURNAL OF HAPPINESS STUDIES 2016; 17:1985-2006. [PMID: 28082831 PMCID: PMC5222616 DOI: 10.1007/s10902-015-9681-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Positive psychological constructs are associated with superior outcomes in cardiac patients, but there has been minimal study of positive psychology (PP) interventions in this population. Our objective was to describe the intervention development and pilot testing of an 8-week phone-based PP intervention for patients following an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Initial intervention development and single-arm proof-of-concept trial, plus comparison of the PP intervention to a subsequently-recruited treatment as usual (TAU) cohort. PP development utilized existing literature, expert input, and qualitative interview data in ACS patients. In the proof-of-concept trial, the primary outcomes were feasibility and acceptability, measured by rates of exercise completion and participant ratings of exercise ease/utility. Secondary outcomes were pre-post changes in psychological outcomes and TAU comparisons, measured using effect sizes (Cohen's d). The PP intervention and treatment manual were successfully created. In the proof-of-concept trial, 17/23 PP participants (74 %) completed at least 5 of 8 exercises. Participants rated the ease (M = 7.4/10; SD = 2.1) and utility (M = 8.1/10, SD = 1.6) of PP exercises highly. There were moderate pre-post improvements (ds = .46-.69) in positive affect, anxiety, and depression, but minimal effects on dispositional optimism (d = .08). Compared to TAU participants (n = 22), PP participants demonstrated greater improvements in positive affect, anxiety, and depression (ds = . 47-.71), but not optimism. A PP intervention was feasible, well-accepted, and associated with improvements in most psychological measures among cardiac patients. These results provide support for a larger trial focusing on behavioral outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeff C. Huffman
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street/Blake 11, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel A. Millstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street/Blake 11, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carol A. Mastromauro
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street/Blake 11, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shannon V. Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street/Blake 11, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher M. Celano
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street/Blake 11, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C. Andres Bedoya
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street/Blake 11, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura Suarez
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street/Blake 11, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julia K. Boehm
- Department of Psychology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, USA
| | - James L. Januzzi
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street/Blake 11, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Nudelman G, Shiloh S. Understanding behavioural clusters: Identifying differences between clusters of health behaviours on key constructs. Psychol Health 2016; 31:1375-1390. [DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2016.1208822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
47
|
Back AL, Steinhauser KE, Kamal AH, Jackson VA. Building Resilience for Palliative Care Clinicians: An Approach to Burnout Prevention Based on Individual Skills and Workplace Factors. J Pain Symptom Manage 2016; 52:284-91. [PMID: 26921494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Revised: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
For palliative care (PC) clinicians, the work of caring for patients with serious illness can put their own well-being at risk. What they often do not learn in training, because of the relative paucity of evidence-based programs, are practical ways to mitigate this risk. Because a new study indicates that burnout in PC clinicians is increasing, we sought to design an acceptable, scalable, and testable intervention tailored to the needs of PC clinicians. In this article, we describe our paradigm for approaching clinician resilience, our conceptual model, and curriculum for a workplace resilience intervention for hospital-based PC teams. Our paradigm for approaching resilience is based on upstream, early intervention. Our conceptual model posits that clinician well-being is influenced by personal resources and work demands. Our curriculum for increasing clinician resilience is based on training in eight resilience skills that are useful for common challenges faced by clinicians. To address workplace issues, our intervention also includes material for the team leader and a clinician perception survey of work demands and workplace engagement factors. The intervention will focus on individual skill building and will be evaluated with measures of resilience, coping, and affect. For PC clinicians, resilience skills are likely as important as communication skills and symptom management as foundations of expertise. Future work to strengthen clinician resilience will likely need to address system issues more directly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony L Back
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
| | - Karen E Steinhauser
- Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care Durham VA Medical Center, the Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Young J, Snowden A. A systematic review on the factors associated with positive experiences in carers of someone with cancer. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2016; 26. [DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Young
- Edinburgh Napier University; Edinburgh UK
| | - A. Snowden
- Edinburgh Napier University; Edinburgh UK
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Jordan G, Malla A, Iyer SN. Posttraumatic growth following a first episode of psychosis: a mixed methods research protocol using a convergent design. BMC Psychiatry 2016; 16:262. [PMID: 27456000 PMCID: PMC4960698 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-016-0977-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The suffering people experience following a first episode of psychosis is great, and has been well-investigated. Conversely, potential positive outcomes following a first episode of psychosis have been under-investigated. One such outcome that may result from a first episode of psychosis is posttraumatic growth, or a positive aftermath following the trauma of a first psychotic episode. While posttraumatic growth has been described following other physical and mental illnesses, posttraumatic growth has received very little attention following a first episode of psychosis. To address this research gap, we will conduct a mixed methods study aimed at answering two research questions: 1) How do people experience posttraumatic growth following a first episode of psychosis? 2) What predicts, or facilitates, posttraumatic growth following a first episode of psychosis? METHODS/DESIGN The research questions will be investigated using a mixed methods convergent design. All participants will be service-users being offered treatment for a first episode of psychosis at a specialized early intervention service for young people with psychosis, as well as their case managers.. A qualitative descriptive methodology will guide data-collection through semi-structured interviews with service-users. Service-users and case managers will complete questionnaires related to posttraumatic growth and its potential predictors using quantitative methods. These predictors include the impact a first episode of psychosis on service-users' lives, the coping strategies they use; the level of social support they enjoy; and their experiences of resilience and recovery. Qualitative data will be subject to thematic analysis, quantitative data will be subject to multiple regression analyses, and results from both methods will be combined to answer the research questions in a holistic way. DISCUSSION Findings from this study are expected to show that in addition to suffering, people with a first episode of psychosis may experience positive changes. This study will be one of few to have investigated posttraumatic growth following a first episode of psychosis, and will be the first to do so with a mixed methods approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Jordan
- Prevention and Early Intervention Program for Psychosis, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 Boul LaSalle, Verdun, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ashok Malla
- Prevention and Early Intervention Program for Psychosis, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 Boul LaSalle, Verdun, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, ACCESS Open Minds/Esprits ouverts, Prevention and Early Intervention Program for Psychoses, Douglas Mental Health University Institute; McGill University, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Verdun, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Srividya N Iyer
- Prevention and Early Intervention Program for Psychosis, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 Boul LaSalle, Verdun, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry, ACCESS Open Minds/Esprits ouverts, Prevention and Early Intervention Program for Psychoses, Douglas Mental Health University Institute; McGill University, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Verdun, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wolverson EL, Clarke C, Moniz-Cook ED. Living positively with dementia: a systematic review and synthesis of the qualitative literature. Aging Ment Health 2016; 20:676-99. [PMID: 26078084 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2015.1052777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little is known about how and to what extent people with dementia live positively with their condition. This study aimed to review and carry out a synthesis of qualitative studies where accounts of the subjective experiences of people with dementia contained evidence of positive states, experiences or attributes. METHODS A meta-synthesis was undertaken to generate an integrated and interpretive account of the ability of people with dementia to have positive experiences. A methodological quality assessment was undertaken to maximize the reliability and validity of this synthesis and to contextualize the findings with regard to methodological constraints and epistemological concepts. FINDINGS Twenty-seven papers were included. Three super-ordinate themes relating to positive experiences and attributes were identified, each with varying and complementing sub-themes. The first super-ordinate theme related to the experience of engaging with life in ageing rather than explicitly to living with dementia. The second theme related to engaging with dementia itself and comprised the strengths that people can utilize in facing and fighting the condition. The third theme captured how people with dementia might transcend the condition and seek ways to maintain identity and even achieve personal growth. CONCLUSIONS This review provides a first step towards understanding what conceptual domains might be important in defining positive outcomes for people who live with dementia. Highlighting the potential for people to have positive experiences in spite of or even because of their dementia has important implications for de-stigmatizing dementia and will enhance person-centred approaches to care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E L Wolverson
- a Department of Psychological Health and Wellbeing, Hertford Building , The University of Hull , Hull , UK
| | - C Clarke
- a Department of Psychological Health and Wellbeing, Hertford Building , The University of Hull , Hull , UK
| | - E D Moniz-Cook
- b Centre of Dementia Research & Practice , Faculty of Health and Social Care , University of Hull , Hull , UK
| |
Collapse
|