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Khalifa T, Abdel-Kader NI, Elbagory M, Ahmed ME, Saber EA, Omara AED, Mahdy RM. Investigating the influence of eco-friendly approaches on saline soil traits and growth of common bean plants ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.). PeerJ 2024; 12:e17828. [PMID: 39221268 PMCID: PMC11365486 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Soil salinization significantly impacts agricultural lands and crop productivity in the study area. Moreover, freshwater scarcity poses a significant obstacle to soil reclamation and agricultural production. Therefore, eco-friendly strategies must be adopted for agro-ecosystem sustainability under these conditions. A study conducted in 2022 and 2023 examined the interaction effects of various soil mulching materials (unmulched, white plastic, rice straw, and sawdust) and chitosan foliar spray application (control, 250 mg L-1 of normal chitosan, 125 mg L-1 of nano chitosan, and 62.5 mg L-1 of nano chitosan) on the biochemical soil characteristics and productivity of common beans in clay-saline soil. Higher organic matter, available nutrient content, and total bacteria count in soils were found under organic mulching treatments (rice straw and sawdust). In contrast, the white plastic mulching treatment resulted in the lowest values of soil electrical conductivity (EC) and the highest soil water content. Conversely, chitosan foliar spray treatments had the least impact on the chemical properties of the soil. Plants sprayed with 62.5 mg L-1 of nano chitosan exhibited higher chlorophyll content, plant height, fresh weight of shoots and roots, seed yield, and nutrient content compared to other chitosan foliar spray applications. All treatments studied led to a significant reduction in fungal communities and Na% in plants. The combined effect of organic mulch materials and foliar spray application of 62.5 mg L-1 nano chitosan appeared to enhance biochemical saline soil properties and common bean productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer Khalifa
- Soil Improvement and Conservation Research Department, Soil, Water, and Environment Research Institute (SWERI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Mohssen Elbagory
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, King Khalid University, Assir, Mohail, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Esraa Ahmed Saber
- Soil and Water Department Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Alaa El-Dein Omara
- Soil Microbiology Research Department, Soil, Water, and Environment Research Institute (SWERI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | - Rehab Mohamed Mahdy
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Meresa BK, Ayimut KM, Weldemichael MY, Geberemedhin KH, Kassegn HH, Geberemikael BA, Egigu EM. Carbohydrate elicitor-induced plant immunity: Advances and prospects. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34871. [PMID: 39157329 PMCID: PMC11327524 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The perceived negative impacts of synthetic agrochemicals gave way to alternative, biological plant protection strategies. The deployment of induced resistance, comprising boosting the natural defense responses of plants, is one of those. Plants developed multi-component defense mechanisms to defend themselves against biotic and abiotic stresses. These are activated upon recognition of stress signatures via membrane-localized receptors. The induced immune responses enable plants to tolerate and limit the impact of stresses. A systemic cascade of signals enables plants to prime un-damaged tissues, which is crucial during secondary encounters with stress. Comparable stress tolerance mechanisms can be induced in plants by the application of carbohydrate elicitors such as chitin/chitosan, β-1,3-glucans, oligogalacturonides, cellodextrins, xyloglucans, alginates, ulvans, and carrageenans. Treating plants with carbohydrate-derived elicitors enable the plants to develop resistance appliances against diverse stresses. Some carbohydrates are also known to have been involved in promoting symbiotic signaling. Here, we review recent progresses on plant resistance elicitation effect of various carbohydrate elicitors and the molecular mechanisms of plant cell perception, cascade signals, and responses to cascaded cues. Besides, the molecular mechanisms used by plants to distinguish carbohydrate-induced immunity signals from symbiotic signals are discussed. The structure-activity relationships of the carbohydrate elicitors are also described. Furthermore, we forwarded future research outlooks that might increase the utilization of carbohydrate elicitors in agriculture in order to improve the efficacy of plant protection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birhanu Kahsay Meresa
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Kiros-Meles Ayimut
- Department of Crop and Horticultural Sciences, College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Micheale Yifter Weldemichael
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Kalayou Hiluf Geberemedhin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Hagos Hailu Kassegn
- Department of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Bruh Asmelash Geberemikael
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Etsay Mesele Egigu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
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Angouti F, Nourafcan H, Saeedi Sar S, Assadi A, Ebrahimi R. Optimizing antidiabetic properties of Galega officinalis extract: Investigating the effects of foliar application of chitosan and salicylic acid. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:5844-5857. [PMID: 39139975 PMCID: PMC11317664 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes poses a significant global health burden, demanding safe and effective therapeutic interventions. Medicinal plants offer promising avenues for natural diabetic management. Galega officinalis (goat's rue) has long been recognized for its hypoglycemic potential, but optimizing its phytochemical content and antidiabetic activity remains a key challenge. This study aimed to address this aspect by investigating the impact of foliar application of chitosan and salicylic acid on the physiological and phytochemical properties of G. officinalis, and subsequently evaluating its antidiabetic efficacy compared to that of the established drug metformin. A randomized complete block design with three replications was employed. Laboratory mice were divided into treatment groups receiving G. officinalis extract from plants sprayed with four salicylic acid concentrations (0.5-3 mM/L) and four chitosan concentrations (0-0.8 g/L). Blood glucose levels and various physiological parameters were assessed. Chitosan at 0.4 g/L and salicylic acid at 2 mM significantly enhanced the growth, photosynthetic pigments, and antioxidant activity of G. officinalis. Notably, the extract from plants treated with 3 mM salicylic acid exhibited the highest total alkaloid content, a potential contributor to antidiabetic activity. In a separate study, diabetic mice treated with this optimized G. officinalis extract (50 mg/kg) exhibited significantly greater blood glucose reductions compared to those treated with metformin (500 mg). This study demonstrates the potential of chitosan and salicylic acid in optimizing the beneficial properties of G. officinalis. The extract derived from plants treated with 3 mM salicylic acid displayed superior blood glucose-lowering efficacy compared to metformin, suggesting its promising role as a potential natural antidiabetic therapy. Further research is warranted to elucidate the specific bioactive compounds responsible for this enhanced activity and translate these findings into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farinaz Angouti
- Department of Horticultural Science and Agronomy, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Hassan Nourafcan
- Department of Horticulture, Medicinal Plants and Organic Products Research Center, Miyaneh BranchIslamic Azad UniversityMiyanehIran
| | - Sakineh Saeedi Sar
- Department of Agricultural ScienceTechnical and Vocational University (TVU)TehranIran
| | - Assad Assadi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Miyaneh BranchIslamic Azad UniversityMiyanehIran
| | - Raheleh Ebrahimi
- Department of Horticultural Science and Agronomy, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
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Kalisz A, Kornaś A, Gil J, Rudolphi-Szydło E, Gawrońska K, Sieprawska A, Jafari H, Mahdavinia GR, Kulak M, Gohari G, Fotopoulos V. Foliar spraying with amino acids and their chitosan nanocomposites as promising way to alleviate abiotic stress in iceberg lettuce grown at different temperatures. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17208. [PMID: 39060430 PMCID: PMC11282281 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the effects of foliar spraying with amino acids, chitosan (CHS) and nanocomposites (NCs) of chitosan with the amino acids proline, L-cysteine and glycine betaine (CHS-Pro NCs; CHS-Cys NCs, CHS-GB NCs, respectively) on the changes in the physiological and biochemical parameters of iceberg lettuce grown at the control temperature (20 °C) and under chilling conditions (4 °C). The physicochemical parameters of the phospholipid monolayers (PLs) extracted from plants showed the effects of the treatments on the properties of the monolayers, namely, the packing density and flexibility. We observed increased accumulation of proline at 4 °C, and differences in the concentrations of sugars in most of the analyzed variants were a consequence of the lowered temperature and/or the use of organic compounds. A temperature of 4 °C caused a significant increase in the L-ascorbic acid level compared with that at 20 °C. Differences were also found in glutathione (GSH) content depending on the temperature and treatment with the tested organic compounds. CHS NCs loaded with Pro and GB were effective at increasing the amount of phenols under stress temperature conditions. We noted that a significant increase in the antioxidant activity of plants at 4 °C occurred after priming with Cys, CHS-Cys NCs, Pro and CHS-Pro NCs, and the CHS nanocomposites were more effective in this respect. Both low-temperature stress and foliar spraying of lettuce with various organic compounds caused changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Two forms of dismutase (SOD), iron superoxide dismutase (FeSOD) and copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD), were identified in extracts from the leaves of iceberg lettuce seedlings. The application of the tested organic compounds, alone or in combination with CHS, increased the amount of malondialdehyde (MDA) in plants grown under controlled temperature conditions. Chilling caused an increase in the content of MDA, but some organic compounds mitigated the impact of low temperature. Compared with that of plants subjected to 20 °C, the fresh weight of plants exposed to chilling decreased. However, the tested compounds caused a decrease in fresh weight at 4 °C compared with the corresponding control samples. An interesting exception was the use of Cys, for which the difference in the fresh weight of plants grown at 20 °C and 4 °C was not statistically significant. After Cys application, the dry weight of the chilled plants was greater than that of the chilled control plants but was also greater than that of the other treated plants in this group. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating that engineered chitosan-amino acid nanocomposites could be applied as innovative protective agents to mitigate the effects of chilling stress in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Kalisz
- Department of Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 29 Listopada 54, 31-425, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Kornaś
- Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, University of the National Education Commission, Krakow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Joanna Gil
- Department of Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 29 Listopada 54, 31-425, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Rudolphi-Szydło
- Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, University of the National Education Commission, Krakow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gawrońska
- Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, University of the National Education Commission, Krakow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084, Kraków, Poland
| | - Apolonia Sieprawska
- Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, University of the National Education Commission, Krakow, Podchorążych 2, 30-084, Kraków, Poland
| | - Hessam Jafari
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Gholam Reza Mahdavinia
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Muhittin Kulak
- Department of Herbal and Animal Production, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Igdir University, Iğdır, Turkey
| | - Gholamreza Gohari
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Vasileios Fotopoulos
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
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Colman SL, Salcedo MF, Iglesias MJ, Alvarez VA, Fiol DF, Casalongué CA, Foresi NP. Chitosan microparticles mitigate nitrogen deficiency in tomato plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 212:108728. [PMID: 38772165 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deficiency is one of the most prevalent nutrient deficiencies in plants, and has a significant impact on crop yields. In this work we aimed to develop and evaluate innovative strategies to mitigate N deficiency. We studied the effect of supplementing tomato plants grown under suboptimal N nutrition with chitosan microparticles (CS-MPs) during short- and long-term periods. We observed that the supplementation with CS-MPs prevented the reduction of aerial biomass and the elongation of lateral roots (LR) triggered by N deficiency in tomato plantlets. In addition, levels of nitrates, amino acids and chlorophyll, which decreased drastically upon N deficiency, were either partial or totally restored upon CS-MPs addition to N deficient media. Finally, we showed that CS-MPs treatments increased nitric oxide (NO) levels in root tips and caused the up-regulation of genes involved in N metabolism. Altogether, we suggest that CS-MPs enhance the growth and development of tomato plants under N deficiency through the induction of biochemical and transcriptional responses that lead to increased N metabolism. We propose treatments with CS-MPs as an efficient practice focused to mitigate the nutritional deficiencies in N impoverished soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Lorena Colman
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas (IIB), UE CONICET-UNMdP, FCEyN, Mar Del Plata, Argentina.
| | - María Florencia Salcedo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas (IIB), UE CONICET-UNMdP, FCEyN, Mar Del Plata, Argentina
| | - María José Iglesias
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas (IIB), UE CONICET-UNMdP, FCEyN, Mar Del Plata, Argentina
| | - Vera Alejandra Alvarez
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencia & Tecnología de Materiales (INTEMA), UE CONICET-UNMdP, Grupo Materiales Compuestos Termoplásticos (CoMP), Mar Del Plata, Argentina
| | - Diego Fernando Fiol
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas (IIB), UE CONICET-UNMdP, FCEyN, Mar Del Plata, Argentina
| | | | - Noelia Pamela Foresi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas (IIB), UE CONICET-UNMdP, FCEyN, Mar Del Plata, Argentina.
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Abdelhameed RE, Abdalla H, Abdel-Haleem M. Offsetting pb induced oxidative stress in Vicia faba plants by foliar spray of chitosan through adjustment of morpho-biochemical and molecular indices. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:557. [PMID: 38877427 PMCID: PMC11177494 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05227-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
In the course of their life, plants face a multitude of environmental anomaly that affects their growth and production. In recent decades, lead (Pb) gained an increasing attention as it is among the most significant contaminants in the environment. Therefore, in this study the effects of Pb concentrations (0, 50 and 100 ppm) on Vicia faba plants and attempts to alleviate this stress using chitosan (Chs; 0 and 0.1%) were performed. The results validated that with increasing Pb concentrations, a decline in growth, pigments and protein contents was observed. In the same time, a significant upsurge in the stress markers, both malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2, was observed under Pb stress. Nonetheless, foliar spraying with Chs improves the faba bean growth, pigment fractions, protein, carbohydrates, reduces MDA and H2O2 contents and decreases Pb concentrations under Pb stress. Pb mitigation effects by Chs are probably related with the activity of antioxidant enzymes, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and proline. The application of Chs enhanced the activities of peroxidase, catalase and PAL by 25.77, 17.71 and 20.07%, respectively at 100 ppm Pb compared to their control. Plant genomic material exhibits significant molecular polymorphism, with an average polymorphism of 91.66% across all primers. To assess the genetic distance created among treatments, the dendrogram was constructed and the results of the similarity index ranged from 0.75 to 0.95, indicating genetic divergence. Our research offers a thorough comprehension of the role of Chs in lessening the oxidative stress, which will encourage the use of Chs in agricultural plant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda E Abdelhameed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Hanan Abdalla
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Haleem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
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Fotovvat M, Najafi F, Khavari-Nejad RA, Talei D, Rejali F. Investigating the simultaneous effect of chitosan and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth, phenolic compounds, PAL enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation in Salvia nemorosa L. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108617. [PMID: 38608504 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Considering the importance of Salvia nemorosa L. in the pharmaceutical and food industries, and also beneficial approaches of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) symbiosis and the use of bioelicitors such as chitosan to improve secondary metabolites, the aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of chitosan on the symbiosis of AMF and the effect of both on the biochemical and phytochemical performance of this plant and finally introduced the best treatment. Two factors were considered for the factorial experiment: AMF with four levels (non-inoculated plants, Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus intraradices and the combination of both), and chitosan with six levels (0, 50, 100, 200, 400 mg L-1 and 1% acetic acid). Four months after treatments, the aerial part and root length, the levels of lipid peroxidation, H2O2, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity, total phenol and flavonoid contents and the main secondary metabolites (rosmarinic acid and quercetin) in the leaves and roots were determined. The flowering stage was observed in R. intraradices treatments and the highest percentage of colonization (78.87%) was observed in the treatment of F. mosseae × 400 mg L-1 chitosan. Furthermore, simultaneous application of chitosan and AMF were more effective than their separate application to induce phenolic compounds accumulation, PAL activity and reduce oxidative compounds. The cluster and principal component analysis based on the measured variables indicated that the treatments could be classified into three clusters. It seems that different treatments in different tissues have different effects. However, in an overview, it can be concluded that 400 mg L-1 chitosan and F. mosseae × R. intraradices showed better results in single and simultaneous applications. The results of this research can be considered in the optimization of this medicinal plant under normal conditions and experiments related to abiotic stresses in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Fotovvat
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, 15719-14911, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farzaneh Najafi
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, 15719-14911, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ramazan Ali Khavari-Nejad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, 15719-14911, Tehran, Iran
| | - Daryush Talei
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Shahed University, 3319118651, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Rejali
- Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), 3177993545, Karaj, Iran
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Demehin O, Attjioui M, Goñi O, O’Connell S. Chitosan from Mushroom Improves Drought Stress Tolerance in Tomatoes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1038. [PMID: 38611567 PMCID: PMC11013739 DOI: 10.3390/plants13071038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Chitosan is a derivative of chitin that is one of the most abundant biopolymers in nature, found in crustacean shells as well as in fungi cell walls. Most of the commercially available chitosans are produced from the exoskeletons of crustaceans. The extraction process involves harsh chemicals, has limited potential due to the seasonal and limited supply and could cause allergic reactions. However, chitosan has been shown to alleviate the negative effect of environmental stressors in plants, but there is sparse evidence of how chitosan source affects this bioactivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of chitosan from mushroom in comparison to crustacean chitosan in enhancing drought stress tolerance in tomato plants (cv. MicroTom). Chitosan treatment was applied through foliar application and plants were exposed to two 14-day drought stress periods at vegetative and fruit set growth stages. Phenotypic (e.g., fruit number and weight), physiological (RWC) and biochemical-stress-related markers (osmolytes, photosynthetic pigments and malondialdehyde) were analyzed at different time points during the crop growth cycle. Our hypothesis was that this drought stress model will negatively impact tomato plants while the foliar application of chitosan extracted from either crustacean or mushroom will alleviate this effect. Our findings indicate that drought stress markedly decreased the leaf relative water content (RWC) and chlorophyll content, increased lipid peroxidation, and significantly reduced the average fruit number. Chitosan application, regardless of the source, improved these parameters and enhanced plant tolerance to drought stress. It provides a comparative study of the biostimulant activity of chitosan from diverse sources and suggests that chitosan sourced from fungi could serve as a more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to the current chitosan from crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olusoji Demehin
- Plant Biostimulant Group, Shannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Munster Technological University-Tralee (South Campus), Clash, V92CX88 Tralee, Co. Kerry, Ireland; (O.D.); (M.A.); (S.O.)
- Marigot Ltd., Marigot Research Center, Sycamore Court, V92N6C8 Tralee, Co. Kerry, Ireland
| | - Maha Attjioui
- Plant Biostimulant Group, Shannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Munster Technological University-Tralee (South Campus), Clash, V92CX88 Tralee, Co. Kerry, Ireland; (O.D.); (M.A.); (S.O.)
- Marigot Ltd., Marigot Research Center, Sycamore Court, V92N6C8 Tralee, Co. Kerry, Ireland
| | - Oscar Goñi
- Plant Biostimulant Group, Shannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Munster Technological University-Tralee (South Campus), Clash, V92CX88 Tralee, Co. Kerry, Ireland; (O.D.); (M.A.); (S.O.)
- Brandon Bioscience, Marigot Research Center, Sycamore Court, V92N6C8 Tralee, Co. Kerry, Ireland
| | - Shane O’Connell
- Plant Biostimulant Group, Shannon Applied Biotechnology Centre, Munster Technological University-Tralee (South Campus), Clash, V92CX88 Tralee, Co. Kerry, Ireland; (O.D.); (M.A.); (S.O.)
- Marigot Ltd., Marigot Research Center, Sycamore Court, V92N6C8 Tralee, Co. Kerry, Ireland
- Brandon Bioscience, Marigot Research Center, Sycamore Court, V92N6C8 Tralee, Co. Kerry, Ireland
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9
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Mohammed KAS, Hussein HM, Elshamly AMS. Monitoring plant responses in field-grown peanuts exposed to exogenously applied chitosan under full and limited irrigation levels. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6244. [PMID: 38485993 PMCID: PMC10940646 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56573-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, numerous studies have examined the effects of climate change on the responses of plants. These studies have primarily examined the effects of solitary stress on plants, neglecting the simultaneous effects of mixed stress, which are anticipated to transpire frequently as a result of the extreme climatic fluctuations. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of applied chitosan on boosting the resistance responses of peanuts to alkali and mixed drought-alkali stresses. Peanuts were grown in mid-alkaline soil and irrigated with full irrigation water requirements (100%IR), represented alkali condition (100% IR × alkali soil) and stress conditions (70% IR × alkali soil-represented mixed drought-alkali conditions). Additionally, the plants were either untreated or treated with foliar chitosan. The study evaluated various plant physio-chemical characteristics, including element contents (leaves and roots), seed yield, and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE). Plants that experienced solitary alkali stress were found to be more vulnerable. However, chitosan applications were effective for reducing (soil pH and sodium absorption), alongside promoting examined physio-chemical measurements, yield traits, and IWUE. Importantly, when chitosan was applied under alkali conditions, the accumulations of (phosphorus, calcium, iron, manganese, zinc, and copper) in leaves and roots were maximized. Under mixed drought-alkali stresses, the results revealed a reduction in yield, reaching about 5.1 and 5.8% lower than under (100% IR × alkali), in the first and second seasons, respectively. Interestingly, treated plants under mixed drought-alkali stresses with chitosan recorded highest values of relative water content, proline, yield, IWUE, and nutrient uptake of (nitrogen, potassium, and magnesium) as well as the lowest sodium content in leaves and roots. Enhances the accumulation of (N, K, and Mg) instead of (phosphorus, calcium, iron, manganese, zinc, and copper) was the primary plant response to chitosan applications, which averted severe damage caused by mixed drought-alkali conditions, over time. These findings provide a framework of the nutrient homeostasis changes induced by chitosan under mixed stresses. Based on the findings, it is recommended under mixed drought-alkali conditions to treat plants with chitosan. This approach offers a promising perspective for achieving optimal yield with reduced water usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassem A S Mohammed
- Institute of African and Nile Basin Countries Research and Studies, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Hussein Mohamed Hussein
- Institute of African and Nile Basin Countries Research and Studies, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
- Water Studies and Research Complex. National Water Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman M S Elshamly
- Water Studies and Research Complex. National Water Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
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Ferrer-Villasmil V, Fuentealba C, Reyes-Contreras P, Rubilar R, Cabrera-Barjas G, Bravo-Arrepol G, Escobar-Avello D. Extracted Eucalyptus globulus Bark Fiber as a Potential Substrate for Pinus radiata and Quillaja saponaria Germination. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:789. [PMID: 38592776 PMCID: PMC10975318 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore alternative substrates for growing forest species using eucalyptus bark. It evaluated the potential of extracted Eucalyptus globulus fiber bark as a substitute for commercial growing media such as coconut fiber, moss, peat, and compost pine. We determined the physicochemical parameters of the growing media, the germination rate, and the mean fresh and dry weights of seedlings. We used the Munoo-Liisa Vitality Index (MLVI) test to evaluate the phytotoxicity of the bark alone and when mixed with commercial substrates. Generally, the best mixture for seed growth was 75% extracted eucalyptus bark fiber and 25% commercial substrates. In particular, the 75E-25P (peat) mixture is a promising substitute for seedling growth of Pinus radiata, achieving up to 3-times higher MLVI than the control peat alone. For Quillaja saponaria, the best growth substrate was the 50E-50C (coconut fiber) mixture, which had the most significant MLVI values (127%). We added chitosan and alginate-encapsulated fulvic acid phytostimulants to improve the performance of the substrate mixtures. The fulvic acid, encapsulated or not, significantly improved MLVI values in Q. saponaria species and P. radiata in concentrations between 0.05 and 0.1% w/v. This study suggests that mixtures with higher levels of extracted fiber are suitable for growing forest species, thus promoting the application of circular economy principles in forestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Ferrer-Villasmil
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad de Concepción, Coronel 4191996, Chile; (V.F.-V.); (G.B.-A.)
- Centro Nacional de Excelencia para la Industria de la Madera (CENAMAD), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna, 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (P.R.-C.); (R.R.)
| | - Cecilia Fuentealba
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad de Concepción, Coronel 4191996, Chile; (V.F.-V.); (G.B.-A.)
- Centro Nacional de Excelencia para la Industria de la Madera (CENAMAD), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna, 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (P.R.-C.); (R.R.)
| | - Pablo Reyes-Contreras
- Centro Nacional de Excelencia para la Industria de la Madera (CENAMAD), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna, 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (P.R.-C.); (R.R.)
- Centro de Excelencia en Nanotecnología (CEN), LEITAT Chile, Santiago 7500618, Chile
| | - Rafael Rubilar
- Centro Nacional de Excelencia para la Industria de la Madera (CENAMAD), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna, 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (P.R.-C.); (R.R.)
- Cooperativa de Productividad Forestal, Departamento de Silvicultura, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
- Departamento de Silvicultura, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Gustavo Cabrera-Barjas
- Facultad de Ciencias para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Campus Las Tres Pascualas, Lientur 1457, Concepción 4080871, Chile;
| | - Gastón Bravo-Arrepol
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad de Concepción, Coronel 4191996, Chile; (V.F.-V.); (G.B.-A.)
- Centro Nacional de Excelencia para la Industria de la Madera (CENAMAD), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna, 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (P.R.-C.); (R.R.)
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Campus Las Tres Pascualas, Lientur 1457, Concepción 4080871, Chile
| | - Danilo Escobar-Avello
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad de Concepción, Coronel 4191996, Chile; (V.F.-V.); (G.B.-A.)
- Centro Nacional de Excelencia para la Industria de la Madera (CENAMAD), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna, 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (P.R.-C.); (R.R.)
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Saberi Riseh R, Vatankhah M, Hassanisaadi M, Varma RS. A review of chitosan nanoparticles: Nature's gift for transforming agriculture through smart and effective delivery mechanisms. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129522. [PMID: 38246470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) have emerged as a promising tool in agricultural advancements due to their unique properties including, biocompatability, biodegradability, non-toxicity and remarkable versatility. These inherent properties along with their antimicrobial, antioxidant and eliciting activities enable CNPs to play an important role in increasing agricultural productivity, enhancing nutrient absorption and improving pest management strategies. Furthermore, the nano-formulation of chitosan have the ability to encapsulate various agricultural amendments, enabling the controlled release of pesticides, fertilizers, plant growth promoters and biocontrol agents, thus offering precise and targeted delivery mechanisms for enhanced efficiency. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the latest research and developments in the use of CNPs for enhancing agricultural practices through smart and effective delivery mechanisms. It discusses the synthesis methods, physicochemical properties, and their role in enhancing seed germination and plant growth, crop protection against biotic and abiotic stresses, improving soil quality and reducing the environmental pollution and delivery of agricultural amendments. Furthermore, the potential environmental benefits and future directions for integrating CNPs into sustainable agricultural systems are explored. This review aims to shed light on the transformative potential of chitosan nanoparticles as nature's gift for revolutionizing agriculture and fostering eco-friendly farming practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roohallah Saberi Riseh
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan 7718897111, Iran; Pistachio Safety Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan 771751735, Iran.
| | - Masoumeh Vatankhah
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan 7718897111, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Hassanisaadi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan 7718897111, Iran
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Centre of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Lingait D, Rahagude R, Gaharwar SS, Das RS, Verma MG, Srivastava N, Kumar A, Mandavgane S. A review on versatile applications of biomaterial/polycationic chitosan: An insight into the structure-property relationship. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128676. [PMID: 38096942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan is a versatile and generous biopolymer obtained by alkaline deacetylation of naturally occurring chitin, the second most abundant biopolymer after cellulose. The excellent physicochemical properties of polycationic chitosan are attributed to the presence of varied functional groups such as amino, hydroxyl, and acetamido groups enabling researchers to tailor the structure and properties of chitosan by different methods such as crosslinking, grafting, copolymerization, composites, and molecular imprinting techniques. The prepared derivatives have diverse applications in the food industry, water treatment, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, textiles, and biomedical applications. In this review, numerous applications of chitosan and its derivatives in various fields have been discussed in detail with an insight into their structure-property relationship. This review article concludes and explains the chitosan's biocompatibility and efficiency that has been done so far with future usage and applications as well. Moreover, the possible mechanism of chitosan's activity towards several emerging fields such as energy storage, biodegradable packaging, photocatalysis, biorefinery, and environmental bioremediation are also discussed. Overall, this comprehensive review discusses the science and complete information behind chitosan's wonder function to improve our understanding which is much needful as well as will pave the way towards a sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Lingait
- Department of Chemistry, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur 440010, India
| | - Rashmi Rahagude
- Department of Chemistry, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur 440010, India
| | - Shivali Singh Gaharwar
- Department of Chemistry, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur 440010, India
| | - Ranjita S Das
- Department of Chemistry, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur 440010, India
| | - Manisha G Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur 440010, India
| | - Nupur Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur 440010, India.
| | - Anupama Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur 440010, India.
| | - Sachin Mandavgane
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur 440010, India
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Hameed A, Maqsood W, Hameed A, Qayyum MA, Ahmed T, Farooq T. Chitosan nanoparticles encapsulating curcumin counteract salt-mediated ionic toxicity in wheat seedlings: an ecofriendly and sustainable approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:8917-8929. [PMID: 38182953 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31768-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Over-accumulating salts in soil are hazardous materials that interfere with the biochemical pathways in growing plants drastically affecting their physiological attributes, growth, and productivity. Soil salinization poses severe threats to highly-demanded and important crops directly challenging food security and sustainable productivity. Recently, there has been a great demand to exploit natural sources for the development of nontoxic nanoformulations of growth enhancers and stress emulators. The chitosan (CS) has growth-stimulating properties and widespread use as nanocarriers, while curcumin (CUR) has a well-established high ROS scavenging potential. Herein, we use CS and CUR for the preparation of CSNPs encapsulating CUR as an ecofriendly nanopriming agent. The hydroprimed, nanoprimed (0.02 and 0.04%), and unprimed (control) wheat seeds were germinated under salt stress (150 mM NaCl) and normal conditions. The seedlings established from the aforementioned seeds were employed for germination studies and biochemical analyses. Priming imprints mitigated the ionic toxicity by upregulating the machinery of antioxidants (CAT, POD, APX, and SOD), photosynthetic pigments (Chl a, Chl b, total Chl, and lycopene), tannins, flavonoids, and protein contents in wheat seedlings under salt stress. It controlled ROS production and avoided structural injuries, thus reducing MDA contents and regulating osmoregulation. The nanopriming-induced readjustments in biochemical attributes counteracted the ionic toxicity and positively influenced the growth parameters including final germination, vigor, and germination index. It also reduced the mean germination time, significantly validating the growth-stimulating and stress-emulating role of the prepared nanosystem. Hence, the nanopriming conferred tolerance against salt stress during germination and seedling development, ensuring sustainable growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arruje Hameed
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Maqsood
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Hameed
- Plant Breeding & Genetics Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abdul Qayyum
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science & Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Toheed Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Farooq
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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Song J, Chen Y, Mi H, Xu R, Zhang W, Wang C, Rensing C, Wang Y. Prevalence of antibiotic and metal resistance genes in phytoremediated cadmium and zinc contaminated soil assisted by chitosan and Trichoderma harzianum. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 183:108394. [PMID: 38128385 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal in soil have been shown to be toxic with high concentrations and acts as selective pressure on both bacterial metal and antibiotic resistance determinants, posing a serious risk to public health. In cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) contaminated soil, chitosan (Chi) and Trichoderma harzianum (Tri) were applied alone and in combination to assist phytoremediation by Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. Prevalence of antibiotic and metal resistance genes (ARGs and MRGs) in the soil was also evaluated using metagenomic approach. Results indicated that the phytoremediation of Cd and Zn contaminated soil was promoted by Chi, and Tri further reinforced this effect, along with the increased availability of Cd and Zn in soil. Meanwhile, combination of Chi and Tri enhanced the prevalence of ARGs (e.g., multidrug and β-lactam resistance genes) and maintained a high level of MRGs (e.g., chromium, copper) in soil. Soil available Zn and Cd fractions were the main factors contributing to ARGs profile by co-selection, while boosted bacterial hosts (e.g., Mitsuaria, Solirubrobacter, Ramlibacter) contributed to prevalence of most MRGs (e.g., Cd). These findings indicate the potential risk of ARGs and MRGs propagation in phytoremediation of metal contaminated soils assisted by organic and biological agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiao Song
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yanlong Chen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Huizi Mi
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Risheng Xu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Wenshuang Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Christopher Rensing
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Yuheng Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Intelligent Monitoring and Protection, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, PR China
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Mamgain J, Mujib A, Bansal Y, Gulzar B, Zafar N, Syeed R, Alsughayyir A, Dewir YH. Elicitation Induced α-Amyrin Synthesis in Tylophora indica In Vitro Cultures and Comparative Phytochemical Analyses of In Vivo and Micropropagated Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:122. [PMID: 38202430 PMCID: PMC10780849 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Tylophora indica (Burm. f.) Merrill is an endangered medicinal plant that possesses various active agents, such as tylophorinine, kaempferol, quercetin, α-amyrin and beta-sitosterol, with multiple medicinal benefits. α-amyrin, a triterpenoid, is widely known for its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective and hepatoprotective properties. In this study, we investigated the metabolite profiling of tissues and the effects of cadmium chloride and chitosan on in vitro accumulation of alkaloids in T. indica. First, the callus was induced from the leaf in 2,4-D-, NAA- and/or BAP-fortified MS medium. Subsequent shoot formation through organogenesis and in vitro roots was later induced. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based phytochemical profiling of methanolic extracts of in vivo and in vitro regenerated plants was conducted, revealing the presence of the important phytocompounds α-amyrin, lupeol, beta-sitosterol, septicine, tocopherol and several others. Different in vitro grown tissues, like callus, leaf and root, were elicited with cadmium chloride (0.1-0.4 mg L-1) and chitosan (1-50 mg L-1) to evaluate the effect of elicitation on α-amyrin accumulation, measured with high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). CdCl2 and chitosan showed improved sugar (17.24 and 15.04 mg g-1 FW, respectively), protein (10.76 and 9.99 mg g-1 FW, respectively) and proline (7.46 and 7.12 mg g-1 FW), especially at T3 (0.3 and 25 mg L-1), in the leaf as compared to those of the control and other tissues. The antioxidant enzyme activities were also evaluated under an elicitated stress situation, wherein catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) displayed the highest activities in the leaf at T4 of both of the two elicitors. The α-amyrin yield was quantified with HPTLC in all tested tissues (leaf, callus and root) and had an Rf = 0.62 at 510 nm wavelength. Among all the concentrations tested, the T3 treatment (0.3 mg L-1 of cadmium chloride and 25 mg L-1 of chitosan) had the best influence on accumulation, irrespective of the tissues, with the maximum being in the leaf (2.72 and 2.64 μg g-1 DW, respectively), followed by the callus and root. Therefore, these results suggest future opportunities of elicitors in scaling up the production of important secondary metabolites to meet the requirements of the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Mamgain
- Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (J.M.); (Y.B.); (B.G.); (N.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Abdul Mujib
- Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (J.M.); (Y.B.); (B.G.); (N.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Yashika Bansal
- Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (J.M.); (Y.B.); (B.G.); (N.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Basit Gulzar
- Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (J.M.); (Y.B.); (B.G.); (N.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Nadia Zafar
- Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (J.M.); (Y.B.); (B.G.); (N.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Rukaya Syeed
- Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (J.M.); (Y.B.); (B.G.); (N.Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Ali Alsughayyir
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, 75 B.S. Hood Rd, Starkville, MS 39762, USA;
| | - Yaser Hassan Dewir
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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Asif A, Ali M, Qadir M, Karthikeyan R, Singh Z, Khangura R, Di Gioia F, Ahmed ZFR. Enhancing crop resilience by harnessing the synergistic effects of biostimulants against abiotic stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1276117. [PMID: 38173926 PMCID: PMC10764035 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1276117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Plants experience constant exposed to diverse abiotic stresses throughout their growth and development stages. Given the burgeoning world population, abiotic stresses pose significant challenges to food and nutritional security. These stresses are complex and influenced by both genetic networks and environmental factors, often resulting in significant crop losses, which can reach as high as fifty percent. To mitigate the effects of abiotic stresses on crops, various strategies rooted in crop improvement and genomics are being explored. In particular, the utilization of biostimulants, including bio-based compounds derived from plants and beneficial microbes, has garnered considerable attention. Biostimulants offer the potential to reduce reliance on artificial chemical agents while enhancing nutritional efficiency and promoting plant growth under abiotic stress condition. Commonly used biostimulants, which are friendly to ecology and human health, encompass inorganic substances (e.g., zinc oxide and silicon) and natural substances (e.g., seaweed extracts, humic substances, chitosan, exudates, and microbes). Notably, prioritizing environmentally friendly biostimulants is crucial to prevent issues such as soil degradation, air and water pollution. In recent years, several studies have explored the biological role of biostimulants in plant production, focusing particularly on their mechanisms of effectiveness in horticulture. In this context, we conducted a comprehensive review of the existing scientific literature to analyze the current status and future research directions concerning the use of various biostimulants, such as plant-based zinc oxide, silicon, selenium and aminobutyric acid, seaweed extracts, humic acids, and chitosan for enhancing abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Furthermore, we correlated the molecular modifications induced by these biostimulants with different physiological pathways and assessed their impact on plant performance in response to abiotic stresses, which can provide valuable insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam Asif
- Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maratab Ali
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
- School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muslim Qadir
- Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Lasbela University of Agriculture Water and Marine Sciences, Lasbela, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Rajmohan Karthikeyan
- Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zora Singh
- Horticulture, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Ravjit Khangura
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Government of Western Australia, Kensington, WA, Australia
| | - Francesco Di Gioia
- Department of Plant Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, College State, PA, United States
| | - Zienab F. R. Ahmed
- Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Mohan N, Jhandai S, Bhadu S, Sharma L, Kaur T, Saharan V, Pal A. Acclimation response and management strategies to combat heat stress in wheat for sustainable agriculture: A state-of-the-art review. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 336:111834. [PMID: 37597666 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Unpredicted variability in climate change on the planet is associated with frequent extreme high-temperature events impacting crop yield globally. Wheat is an economically and nutritionally important crop that fulfils global food requirements and each degree rise in temperature results in ∼6% of its yield reduction. Thus, understanding the impact of climate change, especially the terminal heat stress on global wheat production, becomes critically important for policymakers, crop breeders, researchers and scientists to ensure global food security. This review describes how wheat perceives heat stress and induces stress adaptation events by its morpho-physiological, phenological, molecular, and biochemical makeup. Temperature above a threshold level in crop vicinity leads to irreversible injuries, viz. destruction of cellular membranes and enzymes, generation of active oxygen species, redox imbalance, etc. To cope with these changes, wheat activates its heat tolerance mechanisms characterized by hoarding up soluble carbohydrates, signalling molecules, and heat tolerance gene expressions. Being vulnerable to heat stress, increasing wheat production without delay seeks strategies to mitigate the detrimental effects and provoke the methods for its sustainable development. Thus, to ensure the crop's resilience to stress and increasing food demand, this article circumscribes the integrated management approaches to enhance wheat's performance and adaptive capacity besides its alleviating risks of increasing temperature anticipated with climate change. Implementing these integrated strategies in the face of risks from rising temperatures will assist us in producing sustainable wheat with improved yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narender Mohan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125004, India.
| | - Sonia Jhandai
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125004, India
| | - Surina Bhadu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125004, India
| | - Lochan Sharma
- Department of Nematology, College of Agriculture, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125004, India
| | - Taranjeet Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125004, India
| | - Vinod Saharan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313001, India
| | - Ajay Pal
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125004, India
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Khodadadi F, Ahmadi FS, Talebi M, Matkowski A, Szumny A, Afshari M, Rahimmalek M. Metabolic and Transcriptomic Approaches of Chitosan and Water Stress on Polyphenolic and Terpenoid Components and Gene Expression in Salvia abrotanoides (Karl.) and S. yangii. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15426. [PMID: 37895107 PMCID: PMC10607810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this research, a HPLC analysis, along with transcriptomics tools, was applied to evaluate chitosan and water stress for the prediction of phenolic flavonoids patterns and terpenoid components accumulation in Salvia abrotanoides Karel and S. yangii. The results indicated that the tanshinone contents under drought stress conditions increased 4.2-fold with increasing drought stress intensity in both species. The rosmarinic acid content in the leaves varied from 0.038 to 11.43 mg/g DW. In addition, the flavonoid content was increased (1.8 and 1.4-fold) under mild water deficit conditions with a moderate concentration of chitosan (100 mg L-1). The application of foliar chitosan at 100 and 200 mg L-1 under well-watered and mild stress conditions led to increases in hydroxyl cryptotanshinone (OH-CT) and cryptotanshinone (CT) contents as the major terpenoid components in both species. The expressions of the studied genes (DXS2, HMGR, KSL, 4CL, and TAT) were also noticeably induced by water deficit and variably modulated by the treatment with chitosan. According to our findings, both the drought stress and the application of foliar chitosan altered the expression levels of certain genes. Specifically, we observed changes in the expression levels of DXS and HMGR, which are upstream genes in the MEP and MVA pathways, respectively. Additionally, the expression level of KSL, a downstream gene involved in diterpenoid synthesis, was also affected. Finally, the present investigation confirmed that chitosan treatments and water stress were affected in both the methylerythritol phosphate pathway (MEP) and mevalonate (MVA) pathways, but their commitment to the production of other isoprenoids has to be considered and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Khodadadi
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 91779-48974, Iran;
| | - Farajollah Shahriai Ahmadi
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 91779-48974, Iran;
| | - Majid Talebi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran;
| | - Adam Matkowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Antoni Szumny
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mahvash Afshari
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 83111-84156, Iran;
| | - Mehdi Rahimmalek
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
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19
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Ibrahim EA, Ebrahim NES, Mohamed GZ. Effect of water stress and foliar application of chitosan and glycine betaine on lettuce. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17274. [PMID: 37828035 PMCID: PMC10570298 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43992-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of foliar application of chitosan at 150 ppm and glycine betaine at 700 ppm on lettuce plants cv. Balady grown under well-watered and water deficit conditions in terms of growth, yield, quality, and water usage efficiency. The study was conducted in Qalubia Governorate, Egypt, during the two seasons of 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 on clay soil. Results indicated that water-stressed plants had a reduction in plant fresh weight, plant height, leaf area, and total yield, chlorophyll content and relative water content, while they exhibited an increase in total soluble solids, nitrate, and proline contents as well as water-use efficiency in both seasons. The foliar application of chitosan or glycine betaine to lettuce significantly improved plant performance under limited and normal irrigation conditions in comparison with untreated plants. The maximum positive effect was for chitosan foliar application. Overall, the results of this study indicated that foliar application of chitosan or glycine betaine was a substitute technology for improving the lettuce yield and quality as well as increasing water use efficiency under both irrigation regimes, but may be more efficient in lettuce plants subjected to a water deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab A Ibrahim
- Vegetables Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, 9 Cairo University St., Orman, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Noura E S Ebrahim
- Vegetables Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, 9 Cairo University St., Orman, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gehan Z Mohamed
- Vegetables Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, 9 Cairo University St., Orman, Giza, Egypt
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20
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Panahirad S, Gohari G, Mahdavinia G, Jafari H, Kulak M, Fotopoulos V, Alcázar R, Dadpour M. Foliar application of chitosan-putrescine nanoparticles (CTS-Put NPs) alleviates cadmium toxicity in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. Sultana: modulation of antioxidant and photosynthetic status. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:411. [PMID: 37667189 PMCID: PMC10478426 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04420-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd) stress displays critical damage to the plant growth and health. Uptake and accumulation of Cd in plant tissues cause detrimental effects on crop productivity and ultimately impose threats to human beings. For this reason, a quite number of attempts have been made to buffer the adverse effects or to reduce the uptake of Cd. Of those strategies, the application of functionalized nanoparticles has lately attracted increasing attention. Former reports clearly noted that putrescine (Put) displayed promising effects on alleviating different stress conditions like Cd and similarly chitosan (CTS), as well as its nano form, demonstrated parallel properties in this regard besides acting as a carrier for many loads with different applications in the agriculture industry. Herein, we, for the first time, assayed the potential effects of nano-conjugate form of Put and CTS (CTS-Put NP) on grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. Sultana suffering from Cd stress. We hypothesized that their nano conjugate combination (CTS-Put NPs) could potentially enhance Put proficiency, above all at lower doses under stress conditions via CTS as a carrier for Put. In this regard, Put (50 mg L- 1), CTS (0.5%), Put 50 mg L- 1 + CTS 0.5%" and CTS-Put NPs (0.1 and 0.5%) were applied on grapevines under Cd-stress conditions (0 and 10 mg kg- 1). The interactive effects of CTS-Put NP were investigated through a series of physiological and biochemical assays. RESULTS The findings of present study clearly revealed that CTS-Put NPs as optimal treatments alleviated adverse effects of Cd-stress condition by enhancing chlorophyll (chl) a, b, carotenoids, Fv/Fm, Y(II), proline, total phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, antioxidant enzymatic activities and decreasing Y (NO), leaf and root Cd content, EL, MDA and H2O2. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, CTS-Put NPs could be applied as a stress protection treatment on plants under diverse heavy metal toxicity conditions to promote plant health, potentially highlighting new avenues for sustainable crop production in the agricultural sector under the threat of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Panahirad
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Gohari
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Mahdavinia
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Hessam Jafari
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Muhittin Kulak
- Department of Herbal and Animal Production, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Igdir University, Igdir, Turkey
| | - Vasileios Fotopoulos
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Rubén Alcázar
- Department of Biology, Healthcare and Environment, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mohammadreza Dadpour
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
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21
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Wang Y, Xu P, Wang W, Jia X, Zhu L, Yin H. Oligosaccharides increased both leaf biomass and steviol glycosides content of Stevia rebaudiana. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 202:107937. [PMID: 37566994 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Steviol glycosides (SGs) are a variety of important natural sweeteners. They are 200-350 times sweeter than sucrose without calories. Currently, their production is still mainly dependent on extraction from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni (stevia). Oligosaccharides are environmentally friendly elicitors that promote plant growth and accumulation of secondary metabolites. In the present study, different concentrations of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) and alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) were applied to stevia to explore their effect on growth and SGs biosynthesis. It was found that both COS and AOS promoted biomass production by increasing the leaf number and photosynthetic efficiency, which may be related to the decreased content of abscisic acid. The content of SGs was significantly increased after 50 mg/L AOS treatment, which not only increased the contents of stevioside (STV) and rebaudioside A (Reb A) significantly, but some important minority glucosides, like Reb E, Reb D, and Reb M. The increased SGs contents were the combined effect of the higher expression of SGs biosynthesis related genes, including KAH, UGT74G1, UGT85C2, and UGT91D2. The geometry changes of stem induced by COS and AOS may help to increase the lodging resistance of stevia. Thus, COS and AOS can be used in the field planting of stevia to increase the yield of SGs for industrial purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Peiyu Xu
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Wenxia Wang
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiaochen Jia
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Zhucheng Haotian Pharm Co., Ltd, Shandong, 262200, China; Dongtai Hirye Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Jiangsu, 224200, China
| | - Heng Yin
- Dalian Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Agricultural Preparations, Dalian Technology Innovation Center for Green Agriculture, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrates, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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22
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Zungu B, Kamdem Paumo H, Gaorongwe JL, Tsuene GN, Ruzvidzo O, Katata-Seru L. Zn nutrients-loaded chitosan nanocomposites and their efficacy as nanopriming agents for maize ( Zea mays) seeds. Front Chem 2023; 11:1243884. [PMID: 37638104 PMCID: PMC10457009 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1243884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent breakthroughs in agro-inputs research have led to the development of nanomaterials that can promote precision agriculture and better environmental security. The agricultural sector is increasingly facing the negative impacts of changing climates due to various stress conditions. To curb this scenario, economical and low-risk practices such as decreasing fertilizer inputs and seed priming have been promoted. In the current study, the H. odoratissimum aqueous extract was used to nucleate the Zn ionic species and grow the zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). The developed nanocomposites and their ionic zinc precursor were then integrated into tripolyphosphate (TPP)-crosslinked chitosan (CS/TPP) nanostructures by ionic gelation. Advanced physicochemical characterization techniques (SEM, EDS, TEM, DLS, FTIR, TGA, and XPS) were exploited to report the morphology, hydrodynamic size, surface charge, and structural organization of the developed nanomaterials. These revealed positively charged particles with hydrodynamic size in the 149-257 nm range. The NPs were used as priming agents for Zea mays seeds. At 0.04%, the ZnO-loaded CS/TPP NPs achieved higher root and shoot elongation in 10-day old seedlings compared to other treatments. The pristine CS/TPP NPs, Zn(II)-laden CS/TPP NPs, and ZnO-loaded CS/TPP NPs at 0.01% significantly promoted the early seedling development of seeds under salt stress. This represents the first report showing ZnO integrated chitosan nanocomposites as an auspicious nanopriming agent for stimulating the seed germination of maize. The study envisages offering perspectives on utilizing green nanotechnology to improve the early seedling development of maize. Furthermore, it has the potential to contribute towards UN SDG 2, thus addressing the threats to global food insecurity and doubling agricultural productivity by 2030.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bongiwe Zungu
- Department of Chemistry, Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Hugues Kamdem Paumo
- Department of Chemistry, Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Joseph Lesibe Gaorongwe
- Department of Botany, School of Biological Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Gaborone Neo Tsuene
- Department of Botany, School of Biological Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Oziniel Ruzvidzo
- Department of Botany, School of Biological Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Lebogang Katata-Seru
- Department of Chemistry, Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
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23
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Ahmed AM, Abd-Rabbu HS, Wahba HE, Khalid KA. Chitosan and salty irrigation water affect morphological and physiological characteristics of rosemary herb. AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT 2023; 286:108381. [DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2023.108381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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24
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Mukarram M, Ali J, Dadkhah-Aghdash H, Kurjak D, Kačík F, Ďurkovič J. Chitosan-induced biotic stress tolerance and crosstalk with phytohormones, antioxidants, and other signalling molecules. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1217822. [PMID: 37538057 PMCID: PMC10394624 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1217822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Several polysaccharides augment plant growth and productivity and galvanise defence against pathogens. Such elicitors have ecological superiority over traditional growth regulators, considering their amplified biocompatibility, biodegradability, bioactivity, non-toxicity, ubiquity, and inexpensiveness. Chitosan is a chitin-derived polysaccharide that has recently been spotlighted among plant scientists. Chitosan supports plant growth and development and protects against microbial entities such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes, and insects. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of chitosan's antimicrobial and insecticidal potential with recent updates. These effects are further explored with the possibilities of chitosan's active correspondence with phytohormones such as jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), indole acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), and gibberellic acid (GA). The stress-induced redox shift in cellular organelles could be substantiated by the intricate participation of chitosan with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant metabolism, including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD). Furthermore, we propose how chitosan could be intertwined with cellular signalling through Ca2+, ROS, nitric oxide (NO), transcription factors (TFs), and defensive gene activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mukarram
- Department of Phytology, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Jamin Ali
- Centre for Applied Entomology and Parasitology, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Hamed Dadkhah-Aghdash
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Daniel Kurjak
- Department of Integrated Forest and Landscape Protection, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - František Kačík
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Faculty of Wood Sciences and Technology, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Jaroslav Ďurkovič
- Department of Phytology, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, Slovakia
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25
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Román-Doval R, Torres-Arellanes SP, Tenorio-Barajas AY, Gómez-Sánchez A, Valencia-Lazcano AA. Chitosan: Properties and Its Application in Agriculture in Context of Molecular Weight. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2867. [PMID: 37447512 DOI: 10.3390/polym15132867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is a naturally occurring compound that can be obtained from deacetylated chitin, which is obtained from various sources such as fungi, crustaceans, and insects. Commercially, chitosan is produced from crustaceans. Based on the range of its molecular weight, chitosan can be classified into three different types, namely, high molecular weight chitosan (HMWC, >700 kDa), medium molecular weight chitosan (MMWC, 150-700 kDa), and low molecular weight chitosan (LMWC, less than 150 kDa). Chitosan shows several properties that can be applied in horticultural crops, such as plant root growth enhancer, antimicrobial, antifungal, and antiviral activities. Nevertheless, these properties depend on its molecular weight (MW) and acetylation degree (DD). Therefore, this article seeks to extensively review the properties of chitosan applied in the agricultural sector, classifying them in relation to chitosan's MW, and its use as a material for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Román-Doval
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico del Valle de Etla, Oaxaca 68230, Mexico
| | | | - Aldo Y Tenorio-Barajas
- Faculty of Physical Mathematical Sciences, Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Gómez-Sánchez
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico del Valle de Etla, Oaxaca 68230, Mexico
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26
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A comprehensive review of chitosan applications in paper science and technologies. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 309:120665. [PMID: 36906368 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Using environmentally friendly biomaterials in different aspects of human life has been considered extensively. In this respect, different biomaterials have been identified and different applications have been found for them. Currently, chitosan, the well-known derivative of the second most abundant polysaccharide in the nature (i.e., chitin), has been receiving a lot of attention. This unique biomaterial can be defined as a renewable, high cationic charge density, antibacterial, biodegradable, biocompatible, non-toxic biomaterial with high compatibility with cellulose structure, where it can be used in different applications. This review takes a deep and comprehensive look at chitosan and its derivative applications in different aspects of papermaking.
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27
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Yang X, Niu X, Li L, Wang L, Liu C, Liu J, Yuan Q, Pei X. Understanding the molecular mechanism of drought resistance in Shanlan upland rice by transcriptome and phenotype analyses. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 231:123387. [PMID: 36693603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important grain crop worldwide, and drought has become an important factor restricting rice yield. As a unique rice germplasm in Hainan (China), Shanlan upland rice has rich genetic diversity and certain advantage for breeding water-saving and drought-resistance rice. 48 varieties, including 41 Shanlan upland rice, 3 upland rice, and 4 irrigated rice varieties was cultivated in soil pots. The drought resistance was assessed at the seedling stage using the stress coefficients of seven indicators, as the D value calculating from five principal components to rank the varieties. Five cultivars with strong, medium, and low resistance, were selected for transcriptome sequencing. The results of the GSEA analysis showed that free amino acid content increased through the redistribution of energy in Shanlan upland rice to cope with drought stress. In addition, we found that Os03g0623100 was significantly up-regulated under drought stress conditions in varieties with high drought resistance, as compared with low resistance cultivars. The Os03g0623100 was predicted to interact with LEA protein in the STRING database, which may contribute to maintaining the energy metabolisms to under stress conditions. This study provides a view of Shanlan upland rice as a drought-resistant germplasm resource, and a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanism of crop drought resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinsen Yang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bio-resources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiaoling Niu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bio-resources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Laiyi Li
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bio-resources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Liu Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Caiyue Liu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianing Liu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bio-resources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qianhua Yuan
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bio-resources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Xinwu Pei
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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28
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Boamah PO, Onumah J, Aduguba WO, Santo KG. Application of depolymerized chitosan in crop production: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123858. [PMID: 36871686 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Currently, chitosan (CHT) is well known for its uses, particularly in veterinary and agricultural fields. However, chitosan's uses suffer greatly due to its extremely solid crystalline structure, it is insoluble at pH levels above or equal to 7. This has sped up the process of derivatizing and depolymerizing it into low molecular weight chitosan (LMWCHT). As a result of its diverse physicochemical as well as biological features which include antibacterial activity, non-toxicity, and biodegradability, LMWCHT has evolved into new biomaterials with extremely complex functions. The most important physicochemical and biological property is antibacterial, which has some degree of industrialization today. CHT and LMWCHT have potential due to the antibacterial and plant resistance-inducing properties when applied in crop production. This study has highlighted the many advantages of chitosan derivatives as well as the most recent studies on low molecular weight chitosan applications in crop development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Osei Boamah
- Department of Ecological Agriculture, Bolgatanga Technical University, Bolgatanga, Ghana.
| | - Jacqueline Onumah
- Department of Ecological Agriculture, Bolgatanga Technical University, Bolgatanga, Ghana
| | | | - Kwadwo Gyasi Santo
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Production, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Ghana
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29
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Thambiliyagodage C, Jayanetti M, Mendis A, Ekanayake G, Liyanaarachchi H, Vigneswaran S. Recent Advances in Chitosan-Based Applications-A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2073. [PMID: 36903188 PMCID: PMC10004736 DOI: 10.3390/ma16052073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan derived from chitin gas gathered much interest as a biopolymer due to its known and possible broad applications. Chitin is a nitrogen-enriched polymer abundantly present in the exoskeletons of arthropods, cell walls of fungi, green algae, and microorganisms, radulae and beaks of molluscs and cephalopods, etc. Chitosan is a promising candidate for a wide variety of applications due to its macromolecular structure and its unique biological and physiological properties, including solubility, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and reactivity. Chitosan and its derivatives have been known to be applicable in medicine, pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics, agriculture, the textile and paper industries, the energy industry, and industrial sustainability. More specifically, their use in drug delivery, dentistry, ophthalmology, wound dressing, cell encapsulation, bioimaging, tissue engineering, food packaging, gelling and coating, food additives and preservatives, active biopolymeric nanofilms, nutraceuticals, skin and hair care, preventing abiotic stress in flora, increasing water availability in plants, controlled release fertilizers, dye-sensitised solar cells, wastewater and sludge treatment, and metal extraction. The merits and demerits associated with the use of chitosan derivatives in the above applications are elucidated, and finally, the key challenges and future perspectives are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charitha Thambiliyagodage
- Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe 10115, Sri Lanka
| | - Madara Jayanetti
- Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe 10115, Sri Lanka
| | - Amavin Mendis
- Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe 10115, Sri Lanka
| | - Geethma Ekanayake
- Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe 10115, Sri Lanka
| | - Heshan Liyanaarachchi
- Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, Malabe 10115, Sri Lanka
| | - Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
- Faculty of Sciences & Technology (RealTek), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
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DeGenring L, Dickson R, Poleatewich A. Inhibition of Botrytis cinerea Growth and Suppression of Gray Mold on Petunia Leaves Using Chitosan. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:840-848. [PMID: 35997673 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-22-1628-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous application of chitosan has been shown to reduce plant disease severity in food crops; however, less is known about the potential use of chitosan in floriculture. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of chitosan to suppress gray mold on petunia leaves caused by Botrytis cinerea using in vitro and in planta approaches. We also aimed to determine if chitosan molecular weight influences efficacy. Medium and high molecular weight reagent grade chitosan reduced growth of B. cinerea in vitro at chitosan concentrations ranging from 1.25 to 2% (v/v), while low molecular weight reagent grade chitosan only reduced growth at 2.0% (v/v). In detached leaf assays, all reagent grade chitosan treatments reduced Botrytis lesion size on petunia leaves up to 65% compared to the water control. The commercial product Tidal Grow reduced in vitro growth of Botrytis, starting at 0.5%, and reduced disease severity at 0.75% on petunia leaves. The commercial product ARMOUR-Zen 15 reduced Botrytis growth in vitro at 3.75% and higher and reduced disease severity at 0.3 and 1.0% on petunia leaves. Under greenhouse conditions, low, medium, and high molecular weight reagent grade chitosan and ARMOUR-Zen 15 at 0.4% chitosan reduced Botrytis lesion size on petunia leaves up to 60% compared to the water control. Suppression in vitro suggests that chitosan may have direct phytotoxic effects on fungal growth, however our in planta and greenhouse trials suggest that additional modes of action may also play a role in the observed suppressive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza DeGenring
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824
| | - Ryan Dickson
- Department of Horticulture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
| | - Anissa Poleatewich
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824
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31
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Saruchi, Kumar V, Ghfar AA, Pandey S. Controlled release of harmful pesticide dichlorvos through synthesized biodegradable aloe vera–acrylic acid-based hydrogel and its utilization in soil water management. J Anal Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s40543-023-00374-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe present work deals with the synthesis of biodegradable hydrogel of a natural polysaccharide aloe vera and vinyl monomer acrylic acid. In this synthesis, ammonium persulfate–glutaraldehyde was used as initiator-cross-linker system, acrylic acid as monomer and aloe vera as backbone. Grafting was confirmed by different techniques like SEM, FT-IR, XRD and EDS. Maximum percentage swelling of synthesized hydrogel was found to be 756%. Biodegradation behavior of synthesized hydrogel [Av-cl-poly(AA)] was studied by soil burial, composting and vermicomposting methods. Maximum biodegradation was found to be 90%, 94% and 93% in case of soil burial, composting and vermicomposting methods, respectively. Biodegradation of Av-cl-poly(AA) was confirmed by FT-IR and SEM techniques. Water retention capacity was prolonged from 11 to 20 days using synthesized Av-cl-poly(AA). Water content of clay soil and sandy loam soil was increased to an extent of 6.1% and 5.79%, respectively. Synthesized Av-cl-poly(AA) has been found to be effective in sustained release of harmful pesticide dichlorvos. The results showed that maximum release of dichlorvos was found to be 1024.34 ppm after 44 h.
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32
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Jiménez-Arias D, Bonardd S, Morales-Sierra S, Almeida
Pinheiro de Carvalho MÂ, Díaz Díaz D. Chitosan-Enclosed Menadione Sodium Bisulfite as an Environmentally Friendly Alternative to Enhance Biostimulant Properties against Drought. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3192-3200. [PMID: 36758115 PMCID: PMC9951248 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Biostimulants are an interesting strategy to increase crop tolerance to water deficits, and there is an extensive bibliography on them. However, most of them need to be treated continuously to increase protection throughout the growth cycle. In this context, we chose menadione sodium bisulfite, whose protective effect against water deficit has been previously demonstrated but only for a short period of time. Nanoencapsulation seems to be an interesting way to improve the properties of biostimulants. Our results show that menadione sodium bisulfite (MSB) encapsulated in chitosan/tripolyphosphate nanoparticles can increase the system's tolerance against an imposed water deficit and delay the need for retreatment by at least 1 week, accelerating plant recovery after rehydration. This highlights the positive properties of nanoencapsulation and shows how a simple encapsulation process can significantly improve the biostimulant protective properties, opening up new possibilities to be explored under field conditions to cope with water-deficit stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Jiménez-Arias
- ISOPlexis,
Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, Madeira University, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Sebastian Bonardd
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad
de la Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, La Laguna 38206, Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto
Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Universidad de la Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez
2, La Laguna 38206, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Sarai Morales-Sierra
- Grupo
de Biología Vegetal Aplicada, Departamento de Botánica,
Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal-Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de la Laguna, Avenida. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez
s/n, La Laguna 38071, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Miguel Â. Almeida
Pinheiro de Carvalho
- ISOPlexis,
Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, Madeira University, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
- CiTAB,
Centre for the Research and Technology of Agroenvironmental and Biological
Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes
and Alto Douro, Quinta dos Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - David Díaz Díaz
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad
de la Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, La Laguna 38206, Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto
Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Universidad de la Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez
2, La Laguna 38206, Tenerife, Spain
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Regensburg University, Regensburg 93053, Germany
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33
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Zia-Ur-Rehman M, Anayatullah S, Irfan E, Hussain SM, Rizwan M, Sohail MI, Jafir M, Ahmad T, Usman M, Alharby HF. Nanoparticles assisted regulation of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme system in plants under salt stress: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 314:137649. [PMID: 36587917 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The global biomass production from agricultural farmlands is facing severe constraints from abiotic stresses like soil salinization. Salinity-mediated stress triggered the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that may result in oxidative burst in cell organelles and cause cell death in plants. ROS production is regulated by the redox homeostasis that helps in the readjustment of the cellular redox and energy state in plants. All these cellular redox related functions may play a decisive role in adaptation and acclimation to salinity stress in plants. The use of nanotechnology like nanoparticles (NPs) in plant physiology has become the new area of interest as they have potential to trigger the various enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant capabilities of plants under varying salinity levels. Moreover, NPs application under salinity is also being favored due to their unique characteristics compared to traditional phytohormones, amino acids, nutrients, and organic osmolytes. Therefore, this article emphasized the core response of plants to acclimate the challenges of salt stress through auxiliary functions of ROS, antioxidant defense system and redox homeostasis. Furthermore, the role of different types of NPs mediated changes in biochemical, proteomic, and genetic expressions of plants under salt stress have been discussed. This article also discussed the potential limitations of NPs adoption in crop production especially under environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zia-Ur-Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Sidra Anayatullah
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Effa Irfan
- Institute of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Syed Makhdoom Hussain
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Irfan Sohail
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan; Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Okara, 56300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jafir
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Ahmad
- Department of Horticulture, MNS University of Agriculture Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Hesham F Alharby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Plant Biology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
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34
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Mouniga R, Anita B, Lakshmanan A, Shanthi A, Karthikeyan G. Nematicidal Properties of Chitosan Nanoformulation. J Nematol 2023; 55:20230033. [PMID: 37622051 PMCID: PMC10446853 DOI: 10.2478/jofnem-2023-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is the second most abundant bio-polymer available in the world, second only to cellulose. It is found in crustaceous shells, e.g., those of crabs, shrimps, prawns, and fungi, as well as insect exoskeletons. The use of nanoformulations for the management of pests and diseases is receiving increased interest with the advancement of nanotechnology. Here, chitosan nanospheres were obtained from chitosan using the ionic gelation technique. The nanoformulations obtained were characterized using a particle size analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and a transmission electron microscope. The efficacy of chitosan nanospheres in suppressing the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita was studied. The particle size of nanospheres formulated for this study was 380.2 nm, with a polydispersity index (PI) of 0.4 and Zeta potential of 45.7 or 50.9 mV at pH 5.2. The chitosan nanospheres were spherical and the particles did not agglomerate. FTIR spectra of the chitosan nanospheres peaked at 3334 cm-1, thereby indicating the stretching of the OH and NH group. In In-vitro studies, chitosan nanospheres showed significant nematicidal activity against M. incognita. Under pot culture conditions, chitosan nanospheres (1%- active compound chitosan) at 2ml/plant decreased the nematode population in roots or soil. Compared to the control, the number of galls was reduced by 83.68%, the number of egg masses by 83.85%, the number of adult females by 66.56%, and the number of second-stage juveniles by 73.20%. In a field experiment, application of chitosan nanospheres (1%) was followed by a 18.75% increase in fruit yield compared to the non-treated control.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Mouniga
- Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu), India
| | - B. Anita
- Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu), India
| | - A. Lakshmanan
- Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu), India
| | - A. Shanthi
- Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu), India
| | - G. Karthikeyan
- Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu), India
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35
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Gomes DG, Sanada K, Pieretti JC, Shigueoka LH, Sera GH, Seabra AB, Oliveira HC. Nanoencapsulation Boosts the Copper-Induced Defense Responses of a Susceptible Coffea arabica Cultivar against Hemileia vastatrix. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:249. [PMID: 36830160 PMCID: PMC9952095 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the environmental risks of conventional Cu-based fungicides, Cu-loaded chitosan nanoparticles have been developed as nano-pesticides, aiming to protect plants against different diseases. In this sense, the objective was to verify the effects of chitosan nanoparticles containing Cu2+ ions on leaf discs of Coffea arabica cv. IPR 100 infected with Hemileia vastatrix. The treatments were water as a control (CONT), unloaded chitosan nanoparticles (NP), chitosan nanoparticles containing Cu2+ ions (NPCu), and free Cu2+ ions (Cu). Different concentrations of NP (0.25; 0.5; 1 g L-1) and Cu2+ ions (1.25; 2.5; 5 mmol L-1) were tested. The severity of the coffee rust was 42% in the CONT treatment, 22% in NP, and 2% in NPCu and Cu. The treatments protected coffee leaves; however, NPCu stood out for initial stress reduction, decreasing Cu phytotoxicity, promoting photosynthetic activity maintenance, and increasing antioxidant responses, conferring significant protection against coffee rust. At low concentrations (1.25 mmol L-1), NPCu showed higher bioactivity than Cu. These results suggest that Cu-loaded chitosan nanoparticles can induce a more significant plant defense response to the infection of Hemileia vastatrix than conventional Cu, avoiding the toxic effects of high Cu concentrations. Thus, this nanomaterial has great potential to be used as nano-pesticides for disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego G. Gomes
- Department of Agronomy, State University of Londrina UEL, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, State University of Londrina UEL, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Karina Sanada
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, State University of Londrina UEL, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Joana C. Pieretti
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Avenida dos Estados, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Luciana H. Shigueoka
- Rural Development Institute of Parana—IAPAR-EMATER (IDR-Parana), Londrina 86047-902, Brazil
| | - Gustavo H. Sera
- Rural Development Institute of Parana—IAPAR-EMATER (IDR-Parana), Londrina 86047-902, Brazil
| | - Amedea B. Seabra
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Avenida dos Estados, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Halley C. Oliveira
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, State University of Londrina UEL, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
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36
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Picos-Corrales LA, Morales-Burgos AM, Ruelas-Leyva JP, Crini G, García-Armenta E, Jimenez-Lam SA, Ayón-Reyna LE, Rocha-Alonzo F, Calderón-Zamora L, Osuna-Martínez U, Calderón-Castro A, De-Paz-Arroyo G, Inzunza-Camacho LN. Chitosan as an Outstanding Polysaccharide Improving Health-Commodities of Humans and Environmental Protection. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:526. [PMID: 36771826 PMCID: PMC9920095 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Public health, production and preservation of food, development of environmentally friendly (cosmeto-)textiles and plastics, synthesis processes using green technology, and improvement of water quality, among other domains, can be controlled with the help of chitosan. It has been demonstrated that this biopolymer exhibits advantageous properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, antimicrobial effect, mucoadhesive properties, film-forming capacity, elicitor of plant defenses, coagulant-flocculant ability, synergistic effect and adjuvant along with other substances and materials. In part, its versatility is attributed to the presence of ionizable and reactive primary amino groups that provide strong chemical interactions with small inorganic and organic substances, macromolecules, ions, and cell membranes/walls. Hence, chitosan has been used either to create new materials or to modify the properties of conventional materials applied on an industrial scale. Considering the relevance of strategic topics around the world, this review integrates recent studies and key background information constructed by different researchers designing chitosan-based materials with potential applications in the aforementioned concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo A. Picos-Corrales
- Facultad de Ingeniería Culiacán, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiacán 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Ana M. Morales-Burgos
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiacán 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Jose P. Ruelas-Leyva
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiacán 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Grégorio Crini
- Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement, UMR 6249, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Université de Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Evangelina García-Armenta
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiacán 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Sergio A. Jimenez-Lam
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiacán 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Lidia E. Ayón-Reyna
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiacán 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Fernando Rocha-Alonzo
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Loranda Calderón-Zamora
- Facultad de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiacán 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Ulises Osuna-Martínez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiacán 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Abraham Calderón-Castro
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiacán 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo De-Paz-Arroyo
- Facultad de Ingeniería Culiacán, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Ciudad Universitaria, Culiacán 80013, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Levy N. Inzunza-Camacho
- Unidad Académica Preparatoria Hermanos Flores Magón, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán 80000, Sinaloa, Mexico
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Aazami MA, Maleki M, Rasouli F, Gohari G. Protective effects of chitosan based salicylic acid nanocomposite (CS-SA NCs) in grape (Vitis vinifera cv. 'Sultana') under salinity stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:883. [PMID: 36650251 PMCID: PMC9845209 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27618-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses that reduce plant growth and performance by changing physiological and biochemical processes. In addition to improving the crop, using nanomaterials in agriculture can reduce the harmful effects of environmental stresses, particularly salinity. A factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design with two factors including salt stress at three levels (0, 50, and 100 mM NaCl) and chitosan-salicylic acid nanocomposite at three levels (0, 0.1, and 0.5 mM). The results showed reductions in chlorophylls (a, b, and total), carotenoids, and nutrient elements (excluding sodium) while proline, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, total soluble protein, soluble carbohydrate, total antioxidant, and antioxidant enzymes activity increased with treatment chitosan-salicylic acid nanocomposite (CS-SA NCs) under different level NaCl. Salinity stress reduced Fm', Fm, and Fv/Fm by damage to photosynthetic systems, but treatment with CS-SA NCs improved these indices during salinity stress. In stress-free conditions, applying the CS-SA NCs improved the grapes' physiological, biochemical, and nutrient elemental balance traits. CS-SA NCs at 0.5 mM had a better effect on the studied traits of grapes under salinity stress. The CS-SA nanoparticle is a biostimulant that can be effectively used to improve the grape plant yield under salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Aazami
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.
| | - Maryam Maleki
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Farzad Rasouli
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Gohari
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
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Giraldo JD, Garrido-Miranda KA, Schoebitz M. Chitin and its derivatives: Functional biopolymers for developing bioproducts for sustainable agriculture-A reality? Carbohydr Polym 2023; 299:120196. [PMID: 36876809 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Chitinous materials (chitin and its derivatives) are obtained from renewable sources, mainly shellfish waste, having a great potential for the development of bioproducts as alternatives to synthetic agrochemicals. Recent studies have provided evidence that the use of these biopolymers can help control postharvest diseases, increase the content of nutrients available to plants, and elicit positive metabolic changes that lead to higher plant resistance against pathogens. However, agrochemicals are still widely and intensively used in agriculture. This perspective addresses the gap in knowledge and innovation to make bioproducts based on chitinous materials more competitive in the market. It also provides the readers with background to understand why these products are scarcely used and the aspects that need to be considered to increase their use. Finally, information on the development and commercialization of agricultural bioproducts containing chitin or its derivatives in the Chilean market is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan D Giraldo
- Escuela de Ingeniería Ambiental, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidad Austral de Chile, Sede Puerto Montt, Balneario Pelluco, Los Pinos s/n, Chile.
| | - Karla A Garrido-Miranda
- Center of Waste Management and Bioenergy, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de la Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile; Agriaquaculture Nutritional Genomic Center (CGNA), Temuco 4780000, Chile.
| | - Mauricio Schoebitz
- Departamento de Suelos y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Agronomía, Campus Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Universidad de Concepción, Chile; Laboratory of Biofilms and Environmental Microbiology, Center of Biotechnology, University of Concepción, Barrio Universitario s/n, Concepción, Chile.
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39
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Jíménez-Arias D, Morales-Sierra S, Silva P, Carrêlo H, Gonçalves A, Ganança JFT, Nunes N, Gouveia CSS, Alves S, Borges JP, Pinheiro de Carvalho MÂA. Encapsulation with Natural Polymers to Improve the Properties of Biostimulants in Agriculture. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:plants12010055. [PMID: 36616183 PMCID: PMC9823467 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulation in agriculture today is practically focused on agrochemicals such as pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, or fertilizers to enhance the protective or nutritive aspects of the entrapped active ingredients. However, one of the most promising and environmentally friendly technologies, biostimulants, is hardly explored in this field. Encapsulation of biostimulants could indeed be an excellent means of counteracting the problems posed by their nature: they are easily biodegradable, and most of them run off through the soil, losing most of the compounds, thus becoming inaccessible to plants. In this respect, encapsulation seems to be a practical and profitable way to increase the stability and durability of biostimulants under field conditions. This review paper aims to provide researchers working on plant biostimulants with a quick overview of how to get started with encapsulation. Here we describe different techniques and offer protocols and suggestions for introduction to polymer science to improve the properties of biostimulants for future agricultural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Jíménez-Arias
- ISOPlexis, Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Sarai Morales-Sierra
- Grupo de Biología Vegetal Aplicada, Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal-Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida, Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38071 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Patrícia Silva
- ISOPlexis, Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Faculty of Exact Sciences and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Henrique Carrêlo
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Adriana Gonçalves
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - José Filipe Teixeira Ganança
- ISOPlexis, Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Nuno Nunes
- ISOPlexis, Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- CiTAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carla S. S. Gouveia
- ISOPlexis, Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- CiTAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Sónia Alves
- ISOPlexis, Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Borges
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and CEMOP/UNINOVA, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Miguel Â. A. Pinheiro de Carvalho
- ISOPlexis, Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- CiTAB, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Madeira, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
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Nkoh JN, Li KW, Shi YXX, Li JY, Xu RK. The mechanism for enhancing phosphate immobilization on colloids of oxisol, ultisol, hematite, and gibbsite by chitosan. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 309:136749. [PMID: 36209864 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) availability in highly weathered soils is significantly influenced by the contents of iron (Fe)/aluminum (Al) oxides, clay minerals, and organic matter. With the increasing interest in biofertilizers (e.g. chitosan), it is important to understand how they affect P adsorption profiles on colloids of weathered soils rich in Fe/Al oxides. Thus, the effect of chitosan on the adsorption of P to colloids of hematite, gibbsite, Oxisol, and Ultisol was studied through electrokinetic measurements, spectroscopic analysis, and adsorption edge/isotherm profiles. The presence of chitosan significantly improved the surface positive charge and the decreasing trend of surface positive charge was slower for chitosan-treated colloids compared to the control with increasing pH. At pH 5.0, all the colloids were positively charged, with the oxides containing more positve charges than the soil colloids. At this pH value, the surface coverage capacity of P was 99.1, 61.6, 50.5, and 37.5 mmol kg⁻1 for Oxisol, Ultisol, hematite, and gibbsite, respectively. This suggests that clay minerals in soil colloids were vital in enhancing P adsorption. In the presence of chitosan, the surface coverage capacity of P was increased by 111%, 173%, 647%, and 488% for Oxisol, Ultisol, gibbsite, and hematite, respectively. Drawing inferences from spectroscopic analysis, citric acid desorption profile, and zeta potential analysis, we suggest that chitosan (CH) enhanced P adsorption by promoting the formation of (i) citric acid "undisplaceable" inner-sphere P complexes such as [Colloid-OP-O-CH] and [Colloid-OP-N-CH], (ii) citric acid "displaceable" outer-sphere P complexes such as {[Colloid-O-CH]-OP} and {[Colloid-N-CH]-OP}, and (iii) water "leachable or soluble" P complexes such as {[Colloid-CH]+PO4³⁻} and {[Colloid-OP]⁻CH+}. Thus, applying chitosan as a biofertilizer (source of N) along with P in highly weathered soils could improve P availability while reducing P leaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson Nkoh Nkoh
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing, China; Department of Chemistry, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Ke-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yang-Xiao-Xiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiu-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing, China
| | - Ren-Kou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Gomes DG, Debiasi TV, Pelegrino MT, Pereira RM, Ondrasek G, Batista BL, Seabra AB, Oliveira HC. Soil Treatment with Nitric Oxide-Releasing Chitosan Nanoparticles Protects the Root System and Promotes the Growth of Soybean Plants under Copper Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3245. [PMID: 36501285 PMCID: PMC9740903 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The nanoencapsulation of nitric oxide (NO) donors is an attractive technique to protect these molecules from rapid degradation, expanding, and enabling their use in agriculture. Here, we evaluated the effect of the soil application of chitosan nanoparticles containing S-nitroso-MSA (a S-nitrosothiol) on the protection of soybeans (Glycine max cv. BRS 257) against copper (Cu) stress. Soybeans were grown in a greenhouse in soil supplemented with 164 and 244 mg kg-1 Cu and treated with a free or nanoencapsulated NO donor at 1 mM, as well as with nanoparticles without NO. There were also soybean plants treated with distilled water and maintained in soil without Cu addition (control), and with Cu addition (water). The exogenous application of the nanoencapsulated and free S-nitroso-MSA improved the growth and promoted the maintenance of the photosynthetic activity in Cu-stressed plants. However, only the nanoencapsulated S-nitroso-MSA increased the bioavailability of NO in the roots, providing a more significant induction of the antioxidant activity, the attenuation of oxidative damage, and a greater capacity to mitigate the root nutritional imbalance triggered by Cu stress. The results suggest that the nanoencapsulation of the NO donors enables a more efficient delivery of NO for the protection of soybean plants under Cu stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego G. Gomes
- Department of Agronomy, State University of Londrina (UEL), Celso Garcia Cid Road, Km 380, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, State University of Londrina (UEL), Celso Garcia Cid Road, Km 380, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Tatiane V. Debiasi
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, State University of Londrina (UEL), Celso Garcia Cid Road, Km 380, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Milena T. Pelegrino
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Avenida dos Estados, Saint Andrew 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo M. Pereira
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Avenida dos Estados, Saint Andrew 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Gabrijel Ondrasek
- Department of Soil Amelioration, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bruno L. Batista
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Avenida dos Estados, Saint Andrew 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Amedea B. Seabra
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Avenida dos Estados, Saint Andrew 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Halley C. Oliveira
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, State University of Londrina (UEL), Celso Garcia Cid Road, Km 380, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
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Farooq T, Akram MN, Hameed A, Ahmed T, Hameed A. Nanopriming-mediated memory imprints reduce salt toxicity in wheat seedlings by modulating physiobiochemical attributes. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:540. [PMID: 36414951 PMCID: PMC9682780 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03912-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Around the globe, salinity is one of the serious environmental stresses which negatively affect rapid seed germination, uniform seedling establishment and plant developments restricting sustainable agricultural productivity. In recent years, the concepts of sustainable agriculture and cleaner production strategy have emphasized the introduction of greener agrochemicals using biocompatible and natural sources to maximize crop yield with minimum ecotoxicological effects. Over the last decade, the emergence of nanotechnology as a forefront of interdisciplinary science has introduced nanomaterials as fast-acting plant growth-promoting agents. RESULTS Herein, we report the preparation of nanocomposite using chitosan and green tea (CS-GTE NC) as an ecofriendly nanopriming agent to elicit salt stress tolerance through priming imprints. The CS-GTE NC-primed (0.02, 0.04 and 0.06%), hydroprimed and non-primed (control) wheat seeds were germinated under normal and salt stress (150 mM NaCl) conditions. The seedlings developed from aforesaid seeds were used for physiological, biochemical and germination studies. The priming treatments increased protein contents (10-12%), photosynthetic pigments (Chl a (4-6%), Chl b (34-36%), Total Chl (7-14%) and upregulated the machinery of antioxidants (CAT (26-42%), POD (22-43%)) in wheat seedlings under stress conditions. It also reduced MDA contents (65-75%) and regulated ROS production resulting in improved membrane stability. The priming-mediated alterations in biochemical attributes resulted in improved final germination (20-22%), vigor (4-11%) and germination index (6-13%) under both conditions. It reduced mean germination time significantly, establishing the stress-insulating role of the nanocomposite. The improvement of germination parameters validated the stimulation of priming memory in composite-treated seeds. CONCLUSION Pre-treatment of seeds with nanocomposite enables them to counter salinity at the seedling development stage by means of priming memory warranting sustainable plant growth and high crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Farooq
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Amjad Hameed
- Plant Breeding & Genetics Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Toheed Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Arruje Hameed
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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El Amerany F, Rhazi M, Balcke G, Wahbi S, Meddich A, Taourirte M, Hause B. The Effect of Chitosan on Plant Physiology, Wound Response, and Fruit Quality of Tomato. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14225006. [PMID: 36433133 PMCID: PMC9692869 DOI: 10.3390/polym14225006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In agriculture, chitosan has become popular as a metabolic enhancer; however, no deep information has been obtained yet regarding its mechanisms on vegetative tissues. This work was conducted to test the impact of chitosan applied at different plant growth stages on plant development, physiology, and response to wounding as well as fruit shape and composition. Five concentrations of chitosan were tested on tomato. The most effective chitosan doses that increased leaf number, leaf area, plant biomass, and stomatal conductance were 0.75 and 1 mg mL-1. Chitosan (1 mg mL-1) applied as foliar spray increased the levels of jasmonoyl-isoleucine and abscisic acid in wounded roots. The application of this dose at vegetative and flowering stages increased chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) values, whereas application at the fruit maturation stage reduced the Fv/Fm values. This decline was positively correlated with fruit shape and negatively correlated with the pH and the content of soluble sugars, lycopene, total flavonoids, and nitrogen in fruits. Moreover, the levels of primary metabolites derived from glycolysis, such as inositol phosphate, lactic acid, and ascorbic acid, increased in response to treatment of plants with 1 mg mL-1- chitosan. Thus, chitosan application affects various plant processes by influencing stomata aperture, cell division and expansion, fruit maturation, mineral assimilation, and defense responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima El Amerany
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry (IPB), Weinberg 3, 6120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Bio-Resources, Environment and Materials, Department of Biology, Higher Normal School, Cadi Ayyad University, P.O. Box 575, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
- Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Health Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology of Marrakech, Cadi Ayyad University, P.O. Box 549, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +212-639-419364
| | - Mohammed Rhazi
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Bio-Resources, Environment and Materials, Department of Biology, Higher Normal School, Cadi Ayyad University, P.O. Box 575, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Gerd Balcke
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry (IPB), Weinberg 3, 6120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Said Wahbi
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, P.O. Box 2390, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre Agro Biotech-URL-CNRST-05), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Abdelilah Meddich
- Laboratory of Agro-Food, Biotechnologies and Valorization of Plant Bioresources, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, P.O. Box 2390, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre Agro Biotech-URL-CNRST-05), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Moha Taourirte
- Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Health Research, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology of Marrakech, Cadi Ayyad University, P.O. Box 549, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre Agro Biotech-URL-CNRST-05), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Bettina Hause
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry (IPB), Weinberg 3, 6120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Pongprayoon W, Panya A, Jaresitthikunchai J, Phaonakrop N, Roytrakul S. Phosphoprotein Profile of Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) Seedlings under Osmotic Stress after Pretreatment with Chitosan. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2729. [PMID: 36297750 PMCID: PMC9611960 DOI: 10.3390/plants11202729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to identify novel chitosan (CTS)-responsive phosphoproteins in Leung Pratew 123 (LPT123) and Khao Dawk Mali 105 (KDML105) as drought-sensitive rice cultivars and differences in the CTS response. Rice seeds were soaked in CTS solution before germination, and 2- and 4-week-old rice seedlings sprayed with CTS before osmotic stress comprised the following four groups: (1) seedlings treated with distilled water; (2) seedlings treated with CTS; (3) seedlings pretreated with distilled water and subjected to osmotic stress; and (4) seedlings pretreated with CTS and subjected to osmotic stress. Phosphoproteins of leaf tissues were enriched using immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) before tryptic digestion and analysis via LC-MS. Phosphoprotein profiling analyses led to the identification of 4721 phosphoproteins representing 1052 and 1040 unique phosphoproteins in the LPT123 and KDML105 seedlings, respectively. In response to CTS pretreatment before osmotic stress, 22 differently expressed proteins were discovered, of which 10 and 12 were identified in the LPT123 and KDML105, respectively. These proteins are typically involved in signaling, transport, protein folding, protein degradation, and metabolism. This study provides fruitful data to understand the signal transduction mechanisms of rice seedlings pretreated with CTS before exposure to osmotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasinee Pongprayoon
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, 169 Longhaad Bangsaen Rd, Saensook, Mueang, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Atikorn Panya
- Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Rd., Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Janthima Jaresitthikunchai
- Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Rd., Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Narumon Phaonakrop
- Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Rd., Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phaholyothin Rd., Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
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Gohari G, Farhadi H, Panahirad S, Zareei E, Labib P, Jafari H, Mahdavinia G, Hassanpouraghdam MB, Ioannou A, Kulak M, Fotopoulos V. Mitigation of salinity impact in spearmint plants through the application of engineered chitosan-melatonin nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:893-907. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Dang HM, Vo CH, Inagaki Y, Dao NT, Tran TD, Tran TM, Nguyen TT, Ho HTT, Tran VD, Sakakibara Y. Phyto-Fenton remediation of a dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane contaminated site in Ha Tinh Province, Vietnam. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16460. [PMID: 36180547 PMCID: PMC9525602 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20687-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A field trial was conducted at a site in Cam Binh commune, Ha Tinh province, Vietnam, highly contaminated with organo-pesticides. The phyto-Fenton process was applied to remove pesticide residues in soils. In addition to magnetite (Fe3O4) materials added to the soils, fertilizers and elicitors for oxidative burst were also added in the different experimental treatments. Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT) and isomers were removed in all experimental lots. The removal efficiency was highest in lot B1, a site where only iron materials were added. The removal efficiency and the final content of DDTs in B1 were 98.4% and 0.009 mg kg−1, respectively. In the presence of elicitors, the conversion of DDT to dichloro-diphenyl-dichloroethylene was more favorable. Analysis of soil properties indicated that the phyto-Fenton process can occur at neutral soil pH, and when there are only small changes in soil organic carbon content and cation exchange capacities. Shifts in the composition of the microbial communities were observed. Further studies on the interactions between materials added to soil, plants, and the soil microbiome are needed to understand the mechanism of action of the phyto-Fenton process during soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hieu Minh Dang
- Vietnam Japan University, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Cong Huu Vo
- Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy, Gia Lam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Yoshihiko Inagaki
- School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nhung Thi Dao
- University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Trinh Dinh Tran
- University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thao Minh Tran
- University of Technology and Education, The University of Danang, Danang, Vietnam
| | - Thinh Thi Nguyen
- Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy, Gia Lam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hang Thi Thuy Ho
- Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy, Gia Lam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Vien Duc Tran
- Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy, Gia Lam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Yutaka Sakakibara
- School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.
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de Lima SVAM, Marques DM, Silva MFS, Bressanin LA, Magalhães PC, de Souza TC. Applications of chitosan to the roots and shoots change the accumulation pattern of cadmium in Talinum patens (Talinaceae) cuttings. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:67787-67800. [PMID: 35524100 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20620-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan induces tolerance to abiotic stress agents in plants. However, studies on the different application forms of this biopolymer are limited. This study evaluated the effect of two forms of chitosan application on the morphophysiology of and metal accumulation by Talinum patens cuttings subjected to Cd to develop new cadmium (Cd) decontamination technologies. Cuttings from 75-day-old plants were transferred to a hydroponic system. For 30 days, three Cd concentrations (0, 7, and 14 mg L-1) and three forms of chitosan application (without application, root, and foliar) were applied. The cuttings were tolerant to Cd because the metal did not influence biomass production or photosynthetic efficiency. Neither chitosan application nor Cd increased the modified chlorophyll content and fluorescence parameters. However, foliar chitosan reduced the transpiration rate. At the highest concentration of Cd, the application of chitosan in the root reduced the Mg content of the root system and shoots. The root application of chitosan increased the surface area and volume of thicker roots at the expense of finer ones. The foliar application resulted in greater total root length and surface area, mainly those finer. Furthermore, chitosan applied to the leaves activated catalase in the roots and leaves. In contrast to the root application, foliar application increased the accumulation of Cd in the roots. The action of catalase and the increase of fine roots may have favored a greater absorption of the nutrient solution and Cd in the chitosan foliar application treatment. It is concluded that chitosan foliar spraying can improve Cd rhizofiltration with T. patens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Vitor Assis Machado de Lima
- Institute of Natural Sciences - ICN, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, 700, Gabriel Monteiro Street, P. O. Box, Alfenas, MG, 37130-001, Brazil
| | - Daniele Maria Marques
- Institute of Natural Sciences - ICN, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, 700, Gabriel Monteiro Street, P. O. Box, Alfenas, MG, 37130-001, Brazil
| | - Matheus Felipe Soares Silva
- Institute of Natural Sciences - ICN, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, 700, Gabriel Monteiro Street, P. O. Box, Alfenas, MG, 37130-001, Brazil
| | - Leticia Aparecida Bressanin
- Institute of Natural Sciences - ICN, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, 700, Gabriel Monteiro Street, P. O. Box, Alfenas, MG, 37130-001, Brazil
| | - Paulo César Magalhães
- Maize and Sorghum National Research Center, P. O. Box 151, Sete Lagoas, MG, 35701-970, Brazil
| | - Thiago Corrêa de Souza
- Institute of Natural Sciences - ICN, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, 700, Gabriel Monteiro Street, P. O. Box, Alfenas, MG, 37130-001, Brazil.
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Ahmad Z, Tahseen S, Wasi A, Ganie IB, Shahzad A, Emamverdian A, Ramakrishnan M, Ding Y. Nanotechnological Interventions in Agriculture. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:2667. [PMID: 35957097 PMCID: PMC9370753 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Agriculture is an important sector that plays an important role in providing food to both humans and animals. In addition, this sector plays an important role in the world economy. Changes in climatic conditions and biotic and abiotic stresses cause significant damage to agricultural production around the world. Therefore, the development of sustainable agricultural techniques is becoming increasingly important keeping in view the growing population and its demands. Nanotechnology provides important tools to different industrial sectors, and nowadays, the use of nanotechnology is focused on achieving a sustainable agricultural system. Great attention has been given to the development and optimization of nanomaterials and their application in the agriculture sector to improve plant growth and development, plant health and protection and overall performance in terms of morphological and physiological activities. The present communication provides up-to-date information on nanotechnological interventions in the agriculture sector. The present review deals with nanoparticles, their types and the role of nanotechnology in plant growth, development, pathogen detection and crop protection, its role in the delivery of genetic material, plant growth regulators and agrochemicals and its role in genetic engineering. Moreover, the role of nanotechnology in stress management is also discussed. Our aim in this review is to aid researchers to learn quickly how to use plant nanotechnology for improving agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishan Ahmad
- Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (A.E.); (M.R.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Sabaha Tahseen
- Plant Biotechnology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; (S.T.); (A.W.); (I.B.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Adla Wasi
- Plant Biotechnology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; (S.T.); (A.W.); (I.B.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Irfan Bashir Ganie
- Plant Biotechnology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; (S.T.); (A.W.); (I.B.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Anwar Shahzad
- Plant Biotechnology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; (S.T.); (A.W.); (I.B.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Abolghassem Emamverdian
- Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (A.E.); (M.R.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Muthusamy Ramakrishnan
- Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (A.E.); (M.R.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yulong Ding
- Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (A.E.); (M.R.)
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Ackah S, Bi Y, Xue S, Yakubu S, Han Y, Zong Y, Atuna RA, Prusky D. Post-harvest chitosan treatment suppresses oxidative stress by regulating reactive oxygen species metabolism in wounded apples. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:959762. [PMID: 35982700 PMCID: PMC9379280 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.959762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical wound on fruit triggers the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that weaken cell walls, resulting in post-harvest losses. This mechanism can be controlled by using fruit preservatives to stimulate fruit antioxidant enzyme activities for the detoxification of ROS. Chitosan is a safe and environmentally friendly preservative that modulates ROS in whole fruits and plant cells, but the effects of chitosan on the ROS metabolism of mechanically wounded apples during storage are unknown. Our study focused on exploring the effects of post-harvest chitosan treatment on ROS production, cell membrane integrity, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems at fruit wounds during storage. Apple fruits (cv. Fuji) were artificially wounded, treated with 2.5% (w/v) chitosan, and stored at room temperature (21-25°C, RH = 81-85%) for 7 days. Non-wounded apples were used as healthy controls. The results showed that chitosan treatment stimulated the activities of NADPH oxidase and superoxide dismutase and increased the formation of superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide in fruit wounds. However, malondialdehyde, lipoxygenase, and membrane permeability, which are direct biomarkers to evaluate lipid peroxidation and membrane integrity, were significantly decreased in the wounded fruits after chitosan treatment compared to the wounded control fruits. Antioxidant enzymes, such as peroxidase and catalase activities, were induced by chitosan at fruit wounds. In addition, ascorbate-glutathione cycle-related enzymes; ascorbate peroxide, monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and glutathione reductase and the content of substrates, mainly ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbate, reduced glutathione, and glutathione, were increased at fruit wounds by chitosan compared to the wounded control fruits. Our results show that wounding stimulated the production of ROS or oxidative stress. However, treatment with chitosan triggered antioxidant systems to scavenge ROS and prevent loss of fruit membrane integrity. Therefore, chitosan promises to be a favorable preservative in inducing tolerance to stress and maintaining fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Ackah
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Bi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Sulin Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Salimata Yakubu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Han
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Richard Atinpoore Atuna
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Dov Prusky
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Post-harvest Science of Fresh Produce, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion, Israel
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Attaran Dowom S, Karimian Z, Mostafaei Dehnavi M, Samiei L. Chitosan nanoparticles improve physiological and biochemical responses of Salvia abrotanoides (Kar.) under drought stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:364. [PMID: 35869431 PMCID: PMC9308334 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03689-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of organic nanoparticles to improve drought resistance and water demand characteristics in plants seems to be a promising eco-friendly strategy for water resource management in arid and semi-arid areas. This study aimed to investigate the effect of chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) (0, 30, 60 and 90 ppm) on some physiological, biochemical, and anatomical responses of Salvia abrotanoides under multiple irrigation regimes (30% (severe), 50% (medium) and 100% (control) field capacity). RESULTS The results showed that drought stress decreases almost all biochemical parameters. However, foliar application of CNPs mitigated the effects caused by drought stress. This elicitor decreased electrolyte conductivity (35%), but improved relative water content (12.65%), total chlorophyll (63%), carotenoids (68%), phenol (23.1%), flavonoid (36.4%), soluble sugar (58%), proline (49%), protein (45.2%) in S. abrotanoides plants compared to the control (CNPs = 0). Furthermore, the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (86%), polyphenol oxidase (72.8%), and guaiacol peroxidase (75.7%) were enhanced after CNPs treatment to reduce the effects of water deficit. Also, the CNPs led to an increase in stomatal density (5.2 and 6.6%) while decreasing stomatal aperture size (50 and 25%) and semi-closed stomata (26 and 53%) in leaves. CONCLUSION The findings show that CNPs not only can considerably reduce water requirement of S. abrotanoides but also are able to enhance the drought tolerance ability of this plant particularly in drought-prone areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Attaran Dowom
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Karimian
- Department of Ornamental plants, Research center for plant Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | | | - Leila Samiei
- Department of Ornamental plants, Research center for plant Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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