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Smith KE, Goldschmidt AB. Treatment of Binge-Eating Disorder Across the Lifespan: An Updated Review of the Literature and Considerations for Future Research. Curr Obes Rep 2024; 13:195-202. [PMID: 38363468 PMCID: PMC11150297 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-024-00553-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The present review describes the recent literature on treatment for binge-eating disorder (BED) in adults and youth, with a particular focus on research gaps, emerging treatments, and future research directions. RECENT FINDINGS Evidence supports the efficacy of several treatment modalities in adults, including self-help treatment, clinician-led psychotherapy, and pharmacotherapy; the largest effect sizes have been found for psychotherapies, most of which were cognitive-behavioral in orientation. Adapted psychotherapies for youth also show promise but lack a robust body of evidence. Predictors, moderators, and mediators of treatment outcome remain poorly understood; individuals with BED continue to experience significant barriers to treatment; and research is needed to address suboptimal treatment response. Recent work has highlighted the potential of adaptive interventions and investigation of novel mechanisms to address these gaps. Research on BED treatment continues to grow, though critical questions must be answered to improve treatment efficacy across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar St #2200, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - Andrea B Goldschmidt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Leary M, Skinner JA, Pursey KM, Verdejo-Garcia A, Collins R, Collins C, Hay P, Burrows TL. The effectiveness of the TRACE online nutrition intervention in improving dietary intake, sleep quality and physical activity levels for Australian adults with food addiction: a randomised controlled trial. J Hum Nutr Diet 2024. [PMID: 38652589 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few interventions for food addiction (FA) report on dietary intake variables. The present study comprised a three-arm randomised controlled trial in adults with symptoms of FA. The aim was to evaluate dietary intake, sleep and physical activity resulting from a dietitian-led telehealth intervention at 3 months. METHODS Adults with ≥3 symptoms of FA and a body mass index > 18.5 kg/m2 were recruited. Dietary intake including energy, nutrients and diet quality were assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire in addition to sleep quality and physical activity (total min) and compared between groups and over time. Personalised dietary goals set by participants were examined to determine whether improvements in percent energy from core and non-core foods were reported. RESULTS The active intervention group was superior compared to the passive intervention and control groups for improvements in percent energy from core (6.4%/day [95% confidence interval (CI) -0.0 to 12.9], p = 0.049), non-core foods (-6.4%/day [95% CI -12.9 to 0.0], p = 0.049), sweetened drinks (-1.7%/day [95% CI -2.9 to -0.4], p = 0.013), takeaway foods (-2.3%/day [95% CI -4.5 to -0.1], p = 0.045) and sodium (-478 mg/day [95% CI -765 to -191 mg], p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS A dietitian-led telehealth intervention for Australian adults with FA found significant improvements in dietary intake variables. Setting personalised goals around nutrition and eating behaviours was beneficial for lifestyle change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Leary
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Janelle A Skinner
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Kirrilly M Pursey
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Antonio Verdejo-Garcia
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca Collins
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Clare Collins
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Phillipa Hay
- Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- Mental Health Services, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Camden and Campbelltown Hospitals, NSW, Australia
| | - Tracy L Burrows
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
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Russell H, Aouad P, Le A, Marks P, Maloney D, Touyz S, Maguire S. Psychotherapies for eating disorders: findings from a rapid review. J Eat Disord 2023; 11:175. [PMID: 37794513 PMCID: PMC10548609 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-023-00886-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychotherapy is considered central to the effective treatment of eating disorders-focusing on behavioural, psychological, and social factors that contribute to the illness. Research indicates psychotherapeutic interventions out-perform placebo, waitlist, and/or other treatments; but, outcomes vary with room for major improvement. Thus, this review aims to (1) establish and consolidate knowledge on efficacious eating disorder psychotherapies; (2) highlight select emerging psychotherapeutic interventions; and (3) identify knowledge gaps to better inform future treatment research and development. METHODS The current review forms part of a series of Rapid Reviews published in a special issue in the Journal of Eating Disorders to inform the development of the Australian-government-funded National Eating Disorder Research and Translation Strategy 2021-2031. Three databases were searched for studies published between 2009 and 2023, published in English, and comprising high-level evidence studies (meta-analyses, systematic reviews, moderately sized randomised controlled studies, moderately sized controlled-cohort studies, and population studies). Data pertaining to psychotherapies for eating disorders were synthesised and outlined in the current paper. RESULTS 281 studies met inclusion criteria. Behavioural therapies were most commonly studied, with cognitive-behavioural and family-based therapies being the most researched; and thus, having the largest evidence-base for treating anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. Other therapies, such as interpersonal and dialectical behaviour therapies also demonstrated positive treatment outcomes. Emerging evidence supports specific use of Acceptance and Commitment; Integrative Cognitive Affective; Exposure; Mindfulness; and Emotionally-Focused therapies; however further research is needed to determine their efficacy. Similarly, growing support for self-help, group, and computer/internet-based therapeutic modalities was noted. Psychotherapies for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder; other, and unspecified feeding and eating disorders were lacking evidence. CONCLUSIONS Currently, clinical practice is largely supported by research indicating that behavioural and cognitive-behavioural psychotherapies are most effective for the treatment of eating disorders. However, the efficacy of psychotherapeutic interventions varies across studies, highlighting the need for investment and expansion of research into enhanced variants and novel psychotherapies to improve illness outcomes. There is also a pressing need for investigation into the whole range of eating disorder presentations and populations, to determine the most effective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley Russell
- InsideOut Institute, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Level 2, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Phillip Aouad
- InsideOut Institute, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Level 2, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Anvi Le
- Healthcare Management Advisors, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peta Marks
- InsideOut Institute, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Level 2, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Danielle Maloney
- InsideOut Institute, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Level 2, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Sydney Local Health District, New South Wales Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen Touyz
- InsideOut Institute, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Level 2, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Sarah Maguire
- InsideOut Institute, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Level 2, Charles Perkins Centre (D17), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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Raisi A, Zerbini V, Piva T, Belvederi Murri M, Menegatti E, Caruso L, Masotti S, Grazzi G, Mazzoni G, Mandini S. Treating Binge Eating Disorder With Physical Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2023; 55:523-530. [PMID: 37245147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review aimed to collect evidence about the effectiveness of exercise programs for managing binge eating disorder (BED) (recurrent binge eating episodes). METHODS Meta-analysis was developed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol. Articles were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Randomized controlled trials were eligible for inclusion if they reported the effect of an exercise-based program on BED symptoms in adults. Outcomes were changes in binge eating symptom severity, measured through validated assessment instruments, after an exercise-based intervention. Study results were pooled using the Bayesian model averaging for random and fixed effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Of 2,757 studies, 5 trials were included, with 264 participants. The mean age was 44.7 ± 8.1 years for the intervention group and 46.6 ± 8.5 years for the control group. All participants were female. A significant improvement was observed between groups (standardized mean difference, 0.94; 95% credibility interval, -1.46 to -0.31). Patients obtained significant improvements either following supervised exercise programs or home-based exercise prescriptions. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH AND PRACTICE These findings suggest that physical exercise, within a multidisciplinary clinical and psychotherapeutic approach, may be an effective intervention for managing BED symptoms. Further comparative studies are needed to clarify which exercise modality is associated with greater clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Raisi
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valentina Zerbini
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tommaso Piva
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Martino Belvederi Murri
- Institute of Psychiatry Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Erica Menegatti
- Departement of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Caruso
- Departement of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sabrina Masotti
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Grazzi
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Public Health Department, AUSL Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL-PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL
| | - Gianni Mazzoni
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Public Health Department, AUSL Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Simona Mandini
- Center for Exercise Science and Sport, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Valdez-Aguilar M, Vazquez-Arevalo R, López-Aguilar X, Ruíz Martínez AO, Rosinska M, Mancilla-Díaz JM. Online multidisciplinary treatment of binge eating disorder in people with high weight: a case series study. J Eat Disord 2023; 11:86. [PMID: 37264431 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-023-00809-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most frequent eating behavior among the general population (Guerdjikova in Med Clin 103:669-680, 2019). Many studies on interventions and BED treatments have been carried out in the United States and Europe, few have been reported in Latin American populations. People with this disorder not only have physical consequences of it but also social and psychological ones, therefore a multidisciplinary treatment approach is a good option to treat this condition. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility of a multidisciplinary online intervention (i.e., psychological, nutritional, and physical activity) in patients with BED. METHOD The design was a case series study of two clinical treatment groups, with pre-test and post-test psychometric measures along with two follow-ups (at 2 and 6 months). Fifteen people diagnosed with BED (2 men and 13 women), with a mean age of 34.93 years (SD=11.91) and a mean initial BMI of 42, participated in this study. The treatment was carried out over the span of 28 sessions, each one being two hours per week consisting of 1 hour of group therapy and 1 hour of individual therapy. There were four evaluations: pre, post and two follow-ups. RESULTS Five patients did not complete the treatment (30%). The comparisons were made through the non-parametric Friedman test, finding a statistically significant decrease in binge eating symptoms (x2=15.57; p=.001), anxiety symptoms (x2=15.96; p=.001) and depression (x2=15.03; p=.002). There was an improvement in clarity (x2=11.60; p=.010) and emotional regulation (x2=7.75; p=.050), only in women. The patients reduced their body weight, and improved their eating and exercise habits by introducing fruits and vegetables and including 20-30 minutes of physical activity into their daily routine. Regarding the Objective Clinical Change Index, in terms of the objective clinical change, a positive change was observed in all the variables addressed. CONCLUSIONS The data presented allowed us to conclude that the online multidisciplinary intervention was effective in the treatment of BED. Trial registration Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Valdez-Aguilar
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, México.
| | - Rosalia Vazquez-Arevalo
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, México
| | - Xóchitl López-Aguilar
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, México
| | | | | | - Juan Manuel Mancilla-Díaz
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, México
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Lampe EW, Gorrell S, Smith K, Payne-Reichert AM, Juarascio AS, Manasse SM. Divergent trajectories of positive affect following maladaptive and non-maladaptive exercise among individuals with binge-spectrum eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord 2023; 56:1001-1010. [PMID: 36719039 PMCID: PMC10286557 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Individuals with eating disorders (EDs) often engage in maladaptive exercise (e.g., feeling driven, or to "compensate" for eating) which maintains eating pathology. Maladaptive exercise has been theorized to help individuals with EDs regulate emotions by enhancing positive affect (PA) and reducing negative affect (NA) associated with binge episodes and poor body image. However, no research has considered the presence of non-maladaptive exercise or evaluated this theory in binge-spectrum EDs. METHODS This study evaluated affective trajectories pre- and post-exercise and examined exercise type (maladaptive or non-maladaptive) as a moderator. We recruited adults with binge-spectrum EDs (N = 107; n = 84 endorsed exercise) to complete a 7- to 14-day ecological momentary assessment protocol assessing NA (anxiety, guilt, and sadness), PA (excitement and cheerfulness), and exercise. RESULTS There was a significant quadratic trajectory of PA pre-exercise, suggesting that the upward trajectory of PA leveled out as it moved closer to an exercise episode. Exercise type significantly moderated the cubic trajectory of PA post-exercise, such that the upward trajectory of PA accelerated in the hours following non-maladaptive exercise episodes while the downward trajectory of PA accelerated in the hours following maladaptive exercise episodes. No trajectories of NA demonstrated significant effects. CONCLUSIONS Pre-exercise trajectories of PA may reflect positive expectancies around exercise. Post-exercise trajectories of PA suggest that non-maladaptive exercise promotes increased PA. Future research should evaluate when, and for whom, exercise serves to regulate affect and examine other momentary risk factors of exercise in EDs. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE Individuals with EDs often engage in maladaptive exercise (e.g., feeling driven, or to "compensate" for eating). Maladaptive exercise has been theorized to help individuals with EDs regulate emotions. This study evaluated affective trajectories pre- and post-exercise and examined whether exercise type (maladaptive or non-maladaptive) changed these trajectories. Pre-exercise trajectories of PA may reflect positive expectancies around exercise. Post-exercise trajectories of PA suggest that non-maladaptive exercise promotes increased PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth W. Lampe
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Weight Eating and Lifestyle Science (WELL Center), Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sasha Gorrell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Kathryn Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar St, #2200 Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Adam M. Payne-Reichert
- Center for Weight Eating and Lifestyle Science (WELL Center), Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Adrienne S. Juarascio
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Weight Eating and Lifestyle Science (WELL Center), Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Stephanie M. Manasse
- Center for Weight Eating and Lifestyle Science (WELL Center), Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Luttenberger K, Najem C, Rosenbaum S, Sifri C, Kind L, Baggenstos B. A Climbing (Bouldering) Intervention to Increase the Psychological Well-Being of Adolescents in the Bekaa Valley in Lebanon-Study Protocol for a Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4289. [PMID: 36901303 PMCID: PMC10002189 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Adolescent refugees in Lebanon and Lebanese youth are both at high risk of suffering from reduced psychological well-being. Sport is an evidence-based strategy for improving mental and physical health, and climbing is a type of sport that may positively impact both. The aim of this study is to test the effect of a manualized, psychosocial group climbing intervention on the well-being, distress, self-efficacy, and social cohesion of adolescents in Lebanon. In addition, the mechanisms behind psychological changes will be investigated. (2) Methods: In this mixed-methods waitlist-controlled study, we are allocating a minimum of 160 participants to an intervention (IG) or a control group (CG). The primary outcome is overall mental well-being (WEMWBS) after the 8-week intervention. Secondary outcomes include distress symptoms (K-6 Distress Scale), self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Scale; GSE), and social cohesion. Potential mechanisms of change and implementation factors are being investigated through qualitative interviews with a subgroup of 40 IG participants. (3) Conclusions: The results may contribute to knowledge of sports interventions and their effects on psychological well-being and will provide insights regarding low-intensity interventions for supporting adolescent refugees and host populations in conflict-affected settings. The study was prospectively registered at the ISRCTN platform (current-controlled trials). ISRCTN13005983.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Luttenberger
- Department Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Faculty of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Charbel Najem
- Spine, Head and Pain Research Unit Ghent, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Public Health, Antonine University, Baabda, Lebanon
| | - Simon Rosenbaum
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Charles Sifri
- ClimbAID Lebanon, Branch of ClimbAID, 8048 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Leona Kind
- Department Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Faculty of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Beat Baggenstos
- ClimbAID Lebanon, Branch of ClimbAID, 8048 Zurich, Switzerland
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Benefits of Exercise in Multidisciplinary Treatment of Binge Eating Disorder in Adolescents with Obesity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148300. [PMID: 35886152 PMCID: PMC9315465 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Obesity in childhood and adolescence represents a serious health problem worldwide. Similarly, eating disorders (EDs) are complex diseases that affect adolescents with an increasing prevalence and are an alarming health concern to both physical and mental health. Traditionally, obesity and EDs, particularly binge eating disorder (BED), have been considered separate conditions, but there is emerging evidence such as etiology, comorbidities, risk factors, psychosocial impairment, and prevention approaches, highlighting important overlaps among these conditions. In youth, the two conditions share risk factors and consequences at both the physical and psychological levels, requiring special care. Exercise, useful as strategy to prevent and treat overweight conditions, may have beneficial effects on BED symptoms, suggesting that it may be considered as one of the key factors in the treatment of individuals affected by obesity with BED. The purpose of this narrative review is to examine the bidirectional impact of obesity and BED in adolescents, in terms of risk factors, etiology and comorbid conditions. Specifically, we focused on the benefits of physical activity (PA) in the multidisciplinary treatment of subjects affected by obesity with BED. Even though additional research is needed to reach conclusions about the role of exercise in the treatment of obesity and comorbid BED, especially in adolescents, promising results have already suggested that closely monitored exercise is safe and, paired with cognitive behavioral therapy, may provide multiple benefits on both the physical and psychological levels. Tailored and integrated treatments for weight management and eating disorders are important to promptly and effectively treat obese subjects that have BED.
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Wyssen A, Munsch S. [Physical Activity in the Prevention and Treatment of Eating Disorders]. PRAXIS 2022; 111:327-332. [PMID: 35473329 DOI: 10.1024/1661-8157/a003840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Physical Activity in the Prevention and Treatment of Eating Disorders Abstract. On the one hand, excessive or insufficient physical activity is a phenomenological feature and an important etiological factor in eating disorders. On the other hand, healthy and adaptive physical activity has the potential to support the effectiveness of preventive and therapeutic interventions for eating disorders. Research findings confirm the usefulness of interventions focusing on physical activity as an add-on to psychotherapy. Professionally planned and accompanied interventions of this kind are not counterproductive or dangerous but can have a positive effect on the treatment outcome. The current state of research allows a preliminary formulation of guidelines to embed physical activity interventions into evidence-based treatment approaches. The focus of such interventions lies on the reduction of unhealthy, excessive physical activity and the promotion of flexible physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Wyssen
- Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universität Bern, Bern, Schweiz
| | - Simone Munsch
- Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Departement für Psychologie, Universität Fribourg, Fribourg, Schweiz
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Smith KE, Mason TB, Anderson LM, Schaefer LM, Crosby RD, Engel SG, Crow SJ, Wonderlich SA, Peterson CB. Naturalistically assessed associations between physical activity, affective functioning, and binge eating among adults with binge-eating disorder. Eat Disord 2022; 30:154-167. [PMID: 32397943 PMCID: PMC8628298 DOI: 10.1080/10640266.2020.1746121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Binge-eating disorder (BED) is associated with overweight/obesity, physical inactivity, and disturbances in affective functioning. While research suggests that physical activity (PA) may have beneficial effects on BED symptoms, little is known about the daily correlates of PA. As a first step in understanding the processes linking PA and binge eating, this study examined associations between PA (i.e., self-reported time engaged in moderate-to-vigorous PA), affective functioning (i.e., positive and negative affect, body satisfaction, emotion regulation), and eating-related cognitions and behaviors (i.e., craving, overeating, loss of control eating) measured via ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Adults with BED (N = 91) completed a seven-day EMA protocol during which they completed repeated measures of these variables. Results indicated individuals who reported greater time engaged in PA over the EMA protocol evidenced higher positive affect and body satisfaction, and lower overeating (between-subjects effects). No significant within-subjects effects were observed. Findings demonstrate that individual differences in PA levels were related to more adaptive affective functioning and eating regulation in daily life. Results highlight the relevance of PA in BED, and the need for future studies to identify the timescale of these relationships using objective measurements of PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tyler B Mason
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lisa M Anderson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lauren M Schaefer
- Sanford Research, Center for Bio-behavioral Research, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Ross D Crosby
- Sanford Research, Center for Bio-behavioral Research, Fargo, North Dakota, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Scott G Engel
- Sanford Research, Center for Bio-behavioral Research, Fargo, North Dakota, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Scott J Crow
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,The Emily Program, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Stephen A Wonderlich
- Sanford Research, Center for Bio-behavioral Research, Fargo, North Dakota, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Carol B Peterson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.,The Emily Program, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA
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Hussenoeder FS, Pabst A, Conrad I, Löbner M, Engel C, Zeynalova S, Reyes N, Glaesmer H, Hinz A, Witte V, Schroeter ML, Wirkner K, Kirsten T, Löffler M, Villringer A, Riedel-Heller SG. Anxiety and Food Addiction in Men and Women: Results From the Longitudinal LIFE-Adult-Study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:914358. [PMID: 35774094 PMCID: PMC9239341 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.914358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety is a widespread phenomenon, and it is connected to disordered eating and obesity. We want to analyze the connection between anxiety and food addiction (FA) over two points in time to better understand the directionality of the association. Since there are gender differences with regard to anxiety and eating, we are also interested in differences between men and women. METHODS We used data from the population-based LIFE-Adult-Study (N = 1,474) at time 1 (baseline) and time 2 (first follow-up) to analyze the connections between anxiety (GAD-7) and FA (YFAS) using a multiple group latent cross-lagged panel model with female and male participants as groups. We controlled for age, marital status, socioeconomic status and social support. RESULTS Anxiety (women: β = 0.50, p ≤ 0.001; men: β = 0.59, p ≤ 0.001) as well as FA (women: β = 0.37, p ≤ 0.001; men: β = 0.58, p ≤ 0.001) exhibited stability over time for both genders. We found a significant association between anxiety at time 1 and FA at time 2 for women (β = 0.25, p ≤ 0.001) but not for men (β = 0.04, p = 0.10), and significant associations between FA at time 1 and anxiety at time 2 for women (β = 0.23, p ≤ 0.001) as well as men (β = 0.21, p ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSION Food addiction longitudinally affects anxiety, independent of gender and other sociodemographic variables. In addition, anxiety affects subsequent FA as well, but only in women. Interventions that address FA could reduce anxiety in men and women, while interventions that mitigate anxiety could help prevent FA in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix S Hussenoeder
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Pabst
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ines Conrad
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Margrit Löbner
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.,Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Samira Zeynalova
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nigar Reyes
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heide Glaesmer
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Hinz
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Veronica Witte
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias L Schroeter
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kerstin Wirkner
- Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Toralf Kirsten
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.,Department for Medical Data Science, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Löffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Steffi G Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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12
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Grilo CM, Kerrigan SG, Lydecker JA, White MA. Physical activity changes during behavioral weight loss treatment by Latinx patients with obesity with and without binge eating disorder. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021; 29:2026-2034. [PMID: 34582624 PMCID: PMC8612949 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This secondary analysis examined physical activity (PA) changes and their prognostic significance among Latinx patients with obesity, with and without binge eating disorder (BED), who participated in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial testing the addition of orlistat to behavioral weight-loss (BWL) treatment in a "real-world" clinical setting. METHODS In this randomized controlled trial at a community mental health center serving economically disadvantaged Spanish-speaking-only Latinx patients, 79 patients with obesity (40 with BED and 39 without BED) received BWL treatment and were randomized to orlistat or placebo. PA, weight, depression, and binge eating were assessed at baseline, posttreatment (end of treatment [4 months]), and the 6-month follow-up (10 months after baseline). RESULTS PA was low at baseline (9.3% categorized as "active"), increased during treatment (32.9% categorized as "active" at posttreatment), and declined from posttreatment to the 6-month follow-up (28.2% classified as "active"). At baseline, PA was lower among patients with BED than those without BED. Changes in PA during and after treatment did not differ by BED status or medication condition. PA change was associated with reduced depression but not weight loss. CONCLUSIONS Latinx patients with obesity receiving BWL treatment achieved significant, albeit modest, increases in PA. Although PA changes were not associated with weight loss, they were associated with reduced depression. Identifying methods to increase PA further is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M. Grilo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Janet A. Lydecker
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marney A. White
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Social & Behavioral Sciences, Yale School Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
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13
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Popiołek-Kalisz J, Teter M, Kozak G, Powrózek T, Mlak R, Sobieszek G, Karakuła-Juchnowicz H, Małecka-Massalska T. Potential bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) parameters in prediction muscle strength in women with anorexia nervosa. World J Biol Psychiatry 2021; 22:203-213. [PMID: 32462960 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2020.1774652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The role of physical activity in anorexia nervosa (AN) treatment has been investigated. Muscle strength (MS) reflects physical condition and can predict AN patients' response to this novel treatment approach. This study was intended to find bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) parameters that predict AN patients' MS. METHODS The study included 42 AN patients and 42 healthy ones in the control group. BIA parameters that predict MS were assessed by dividing AN patients into groups by their hand grip strength test score (higher/lower than 22.5 kg). RESULTS The highest accuracy for distinguishing AN subjects from the control group was achieved by cell membrane capacitance (AUC = 0.916), impedance at 200 kHz and 5 kHz ratio (AUC = 0.924), phase angle (PA) 5 kHz (AUC = 0.906) and PA 50 kHz (AUC = 0.919). The low MS group had significantly lower values of PA 50 kHz (mean: 4.03 ± 0.80° vs. 4.58 ± 0.65°; p = 0.032) and fat-free mass index (mean: 12.22 ± 1.41 kg/m2 vs. 13.14 ± 0.94 kg/m2; p = 0.026). In the univariate model, PA 50 kHz ≥4.037° was associated with the lowest chance of muscle weakness (OR = 0.230; p = 0.005). In the multivariate analysis, PA 50 kHz was the only significant factor of MS (OR = 0.01; p = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS PA 50 kHz is the best BIA parameter to predict MS in AN patients. It could be useful for assessment before physical activity treatment application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariusz Teter
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Gustaw Kozak
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Powrózek
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Radosław Mlak
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Sobieszek
- Clinic of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Military Hospital, Lublin, Poland
| | - Hanna Karakuła-Juchnowicz
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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14
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Smith KE, O’Connor SM, Mason TB, Wang S, Dzubur E, Crosby RD, Wonderlich SA, Salvy SJ, Feda DM, Roemmich JN. Associations between objective physical activity and emotional eating among adiposity-discordant siblings using ecological momentary assessment and accelerometers. Pediatr Obes 2021; 16:e12720. [PMID: 32881329 PMCID: PMC8086815 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotional eating is associated with obesity, though less is known regarding factors that predict emotional eating episodes in children and adolescents. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) or total activity counts 60 minutes prior to psychological stress predicted stress-related eating and positive emotional eating (ie, eating while happy), and whether adiposity (z-BMI) moderated these associations. METHODS Participants were drawn from a prior study of siblings (N = 77; mean age = 15.4 ± 1.4 years) discordant for weight status (39 non-overweight siblings, 38 siblings with overweight/obesity) who completed an ecological momentary assessment protocol with accelerometer-based assessment of physical activity. RESULTS Greater MVPA was associated with lower stress-related eating across the sample. Lower total activity (between-person effects) and lower MVPA (within-person effects) were associated with greater stress-related eating for siblings with greater z-BMI. Greater total activity was associated with lower positive emotional eating for siblings with lower z-BMI (between- and within-person). CONCLUSIONS Findings demonstrate potential regulating effects of prior physical activity on emotional eating at the individual and momentary level, though there are nuances depending on z-BMI. Future work is needed to examine underlying mechanisms and timescale of effects, and particularly the extent to which enhancing MVPA time among youth with z-BMI may mitigate momentary risk of stress-related eating episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E. Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Shannon M. O’Connor
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tyler B. Mason
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Shirlene Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Ross D. Crosby
- Sanford Center for Bio-Behavioral Research, Sanford Health, Fargo, North Dakota,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Stephen A. Wonderlich
- Sanford Center for Bio-Behavioral Research, Sanford Health, Fargo, North Dakota,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Sarah-Jeanne Salvy
- Research Center for Health Equity, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Denise M. Feda
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York
| | - James N. Roemmich
- Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Grand Forks, North Dakota
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15
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Beaulieu K, Hopkins M, Gibbons C, Oustric P, Caudwell P, Blundell J, Finlayson G. Exercise Training Reduces Reward for High-Fat Food in Adults with Overweight/Obesity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020; 52:900-908. [PMID: 31764466 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is increasing evidence that exercise training may facilitate weight management via improvements in homeostatic appetite control, but little is known about how exercise training affects food reward and susceptibility to overeating. METHODS This study examined changes in food reward and eating behavior traits after a supervised 12-wk exercise intervention (10.5 MJ·wk) in inactive individuals with overweight/obesity (exercisers; n = 46, 16 men/30 women; mean (SD) body mass index, 30.6 (3.8) kg·m; and mean (SD) age, 43.2 (7.5) yr) compared with nonexercising controls (n = 15; 6 men/9 women; mean (SD) body mass index, 31.4 (3.7) kg·m; and mean (SD) age, 41.4 (10.7) yr). Liking and wanting scores for high-fat relative to low-fat foods were assessed with the Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire before and after consumption of an isoenergetic high-fat or high-carbohydrate lunch. Eating behavior traits were assessed using the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire and Binge Eating Scale. RESULTS A week-group interaction indicated that wanting scores decreased from baseline to postintervention in exercisers only (M[INCREMENT]Pre-Post = -4.1, P = 0.03, ηp = 0.09, 95% confidence interval [CI], -7.8 to -0.4), but there was no exercise effect on liking. There was also a week-group interaction for binge eating, which decreased in exercisers only (M[INCREMENT]Pre-Post = -1.5, P = 0.01, ηp = 0.11; 95% CI, -2.7 to -0.4). A small reduction in disinhibition was also apparent in exercisers (M[INCREMENT]Pre-Post = -0.7, P = 0.02, ηp = 0.10; 95% CI, -1.3 to -0.1). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that 12 wk of exercise training reduced wanting scores for high-fat foods and trait markers of overeating in individuals with overweight/obesity compared with nonexercising controls. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind these exercise-induced changes in food reward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Beaulieu
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Mark Hopkins
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Catherine Gibbons
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Pauline Oustric
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UNITED KINGDOM
| | | | - John Blundell
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Graham Finlayson
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UNITED KINGDOM
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16
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Wons OB, Michael ML, Lin M, Juarascio AS. Characterizing rates of physical activity in individuals with binge eating disorder using wearable sensor technologies and clinical interviews. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2020; 29:292-299. [PMID: 33247869 DOI: 10.1002/erv.2811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research suggests physical activity (PA) improves behavioural, psychological and behavioural symptoms in individuals with binge eating disorder (BED), yet self-reported PA is notably low. Little remains known about objective rates of PA and subclinical levels of maladaptive PA (i.e., compensatory or driven PA), and few studies have attempted to understand the role that dissatisfaction and overvaluation with shape and weight plays in promoting PA in individuals with BED. We sought to characterize PA and investigate whether elevated rates of shape and weight concerns contribute to rates of PA in individuals with BED. METHOD Individuals meeting DSM-5 diagnosis of BED (N = 56) completed the Eating Disorder Examination and wore a Fitbit Flex 2 for 1 week. RESULTS On average, participants recorded 7621.12 (SD = 3034.20) daily steps and 194.30 (SD = 161.45) weekly moderate-to-vigorous PA minutes. About 21% of participants reported subclinical levels of maladaptive PA. Greater shape and weight overvaluation predicted lower duration of compensatory PA. CONCLUSION A small percentage of individuals with BED are engaging in subclinical levels of maladaptive PA, and there is a need to identify factors that influence rates of PA in individuals with BED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia B Wons
- Center for Weight, Eating, and Lifestyle Sciences (WELL Center), Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Psychology & WELL Center, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Megan L Michael
- Center for Weight, Eating, and Lifestyle Sciences (WELL Center), Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Psychology & WELL Center, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mandy Lin
- Center for Weight, Eating, and Lifestyle Sciences (WELL Center), Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Adrienne S Juarascio
- Center for Weight, Eating, and Lifestyle Sciences (WELL Center), Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Psychology & WELL Center, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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17
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Ashdown-Franks G, Firth J, Carney R, Carvalho AF, Hallgren M, Koyanagi A, Rosenbaum S, Schuch FB, Smith L, Solmi M, Vancampfort D, Stubbs B. Exercise as Medicine for Mental and Substance Use Disorders: A Meta-review of the Benefits for Neuropsychiatric and Cognitive Outcomes. Sports Med 2020; 50:151-170. [PMID: 31541410 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01187-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise may improve neuropsychiatric and cognitive symptoms in people with mental disorders, but the totality of the evidence is unclear. We conducted a meta-review of exercise in (1) serious mental illness (schizophrenia spectrum, bipolar disorder and major depression (MDD)); (2) anxiety and stress disorders; (3) alcohol and substance use disorders; (4) eating disorders (anorexia nervosa bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorders, and (5) other mental disorders (including ADHD, pre/post-natal depression). METHODS Systematic searches of major databases from inception until 1/10/2018 were undertaken to identify meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of exercise in people with clinically diagnosed mental disorders. In the absence of available meta-analyses for a mental disorder, we identified systematic reviews of exercise interventions in people with elevated mental health symptoms that included non-RCTs. Meta-analysis quality was assessed with the AMSTAR/+. RESULTS Overall, we identified 27 systematic reviews (including 16 meta-analyses representing 152 RCTs). Among those with MDD, we found consistent evidence (meta-analyses = 8) that exercise reduced depression in children, adults and older adults. Evidence also indicates that exercise was more effective than control conditions in reducing anxiety symptoms (meta-analyses = 3), and as an adjunctive treatment for reducing positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia (meta-analyses = 2). Regarding neurocognitive effects, exercise improved global cognition in schizophrenia (meta-analyses = 1), children with ADHD (meta-analyses = 1), but not in MDD (meta-analyses = 1). Among those with elevated symptoms, positive mental health benefits were observed for exercise in people with pre/post-natal depression, anorexia nervosa/bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder and alcohol use disorders/substance use disorders. Adverse events were sparsely reported. CONCLUSION Our panoramic meta-overview suggests that exercise can be an effective adjunctive treatment for improving symptoms across a broad range of mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garcia Ashdown-Franks
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AZ, UK.,Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.,Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joseph Firth
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, Australia.,Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rebekah Carney
- Youth Mental Health Research Unit, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Andre F Carvalho
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto and Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Unit of Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance Use and Social Environment (EPiCS), Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Simon Rosenbaum
- School of Psychiatry UNSW, Sydney, Australia.,Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Felipe B Schuch
- Department of Methods and Sports Techniques, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marco Solmi
- Neurosciences Department, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Davy Vancampfort
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium.,UPC KU Leuven, Leuven-Kortenberg, Belgium
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AZ, UK. .,Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK. .,Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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18
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Controlling binge eating and weight: a treatment for binge eating disorder worth researching? Eat Weight Disord 2020; 25:1105-1109. [PMID: 31214963 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-019-00734-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The majority of those who seek treatment for binge eating disorder also have accompanying obesity or overweight. The best available psychological treatments for binge eating disorder produce good and lasting outcomes with regard to control over eating but virtually no weight loss, yet control over eating and weight loss are both important and valued goals of those who seek treatment. METHODS We have devised a model of the processes maintaining both the binge eating and the overweight or obesity that occurs in many patients with binge eating disorder who seek treatment. The model draws on previous research findings to highlight and integrate the factors maintaining both the disordered eating and the accompanying overweight or obesity. RESULTS We outline a new treatment based on the proposed model that explicitly addresses the twin goals of cessation of binge eating and weight loss in an integrated fashion. The proposed treatment incorporates and integrates elements from two previously tested evidence-based interventions, enhanced cognitive behavioural therapy for eating disorders shown to reduce binge eating and cognitive behaviour therapy of obesity, which produces weight loss. CONCLUSION To meet a major challenge for the treatment of binge eating disorder (BED), we have proposed that an integrated treatment with the goals of addressing both binge eating and overweight or obesity is worth researching further. Should this treatment be successful, the goals of many patients who seek treatment for BED are more likely to be met. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE This brief report proposes a new approach to clinical practice to be researched further. The evidence on the basis of which the case is made is derived from Level 1: evidence obtained from at least one properly designed randomized controlled trial; systematic reviews and meta-analyses; and experimental studies.
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19
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Smith KE, Haedt-Matt A, Mason TB, Wang S, Yang CH, Unick JL, Bond D, Goldschmidt AB. Associations between naturalistically assessed physical activity patterns, affect, and eating in youth with overweight and obesity. J Behav Med 2020; 43:916-931. [PMID: 32303944 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-020-00152-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient physical activity (PA) and excessive stationary behavior (SB) are contributors to pediatric obesity, though antecedents and consequences of these behaviors in this population are relatively unknown. This pilot study examined affect, loss of control eating (LOCE), overeating, and hunger surrounding PA and SB in 17 youth with overweight/obesity. Participants completed a 14-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) wearing accelerometers. At the momentary level, higher negative affect and lower positive affect predicted SB increases and PA decreases following EMA prompts; higher PA and lower SB also predicted increases in positive affect. Higher LOCE predicted SB increases and PA decreases, while increases in PA and decreases in SB predicted short-term increases in LOCE and overeating. At the individual level, higher SB and lower PA were related to lower positive affect and higher negative affect, LOCE, overeating, and hunger. Findings suggest affect is a relevant antecedent and consequence of PA/SB, and dysregulated eating may acutely impact PA/SB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar St #2200, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - Alissa Haedt-Matt
- Department of Psychology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tyler B Mason
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shirlene Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chih-Hsiang Yang
- Department of Exercise Science and TecHealth, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Jessica L Unick
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Dale Bond
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Andrea B Goldschmidt
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
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20
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Mathisen TF, Rosenvinge JH, Friborg O, Vrabel K, Bratland‐Sanda S, Pettersen G, Sundgot‐Borgen J. Is physical exercise and dietary therapy a feasible alternative to cognitive behavior therapy in treatment of eating disorders? A randomized controlled trial of two group therapies. Int J Eat Disord 2020; 53:574-585. [PMID: 31944339 PMCID: PMC7187559 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare effects of physical exercise and dietary therapy (PED-t) to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in treatment of bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge-eating disorder (BED). METHOD The active sample (18-40 years of age) consisted of 76 women in the PED-t condition and 73 in the CBT condition. Participants who chose not to initiate treatment immediately (n = 23) were put on a waiting list. Outcome measures were the eating disorder examination questionnaire (EDE-Q), Clinical Impairment Assessment (CIA), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and numbers in remission at posttreatment, and at 6-, 12-, and 24-months follow-up. RESULTS Both treatment conditions produced medium to strong significant improvements on all outcomes with long-term effect. The PED-t produced a faster improvement in EDE-Q and CIA, but these differences vanished at follow-ups. Only PED-t provided improvements in BDI, still with no between-group difference. Totally, 30-50% of participants responded favorable to treatments, with no statistical between-group difference. DISCUSSION Both treatments shared a focus on normalizing eating patterns, correcting basic self-regulatory processes and reducing idealized aesthetic evaluations of self-worth. The results point to the PED-t as an alternative to CBT for BN and BED, although results are limited due to compliance and dropout rates. Replications are needed by independent research groups as well as in more clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan H. Rosenvinge
- UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, Department of PsychologyFaculty of Health SciencesTromsøNorway
| | - Oddgeir Friborg
- UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, Department of PsychologyFaculty of Health SciencesTromsøNorway
| | | | - Solfrid Bratland‐Sanda
- Department of Outdoor Studies, Sports and Physical EducationUniversity College of Southeast NorwayBøNorway
| | - Gunn Pettersen
- Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUiT—The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
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21
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Bakland M, Rosenvinge JH, Wynn R, Sundgot-Borgen J, Fostervold Mathisen T, Liabo K, Hanssen TA, Pettersen G. Patients' views on a new treatment for Bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder combining physical exercise and dietary therapy (the PED-t). A qualitative study. Eat Disord 2019; 27:503-520. [PMID: 30664397 DOI: 10.1080/10640266.2018.1560847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A new group based treatment for patients with bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED), combining guided Physical Exercise and Dietary therapy (PED-t), has shown the capacity to alleviate BN and BED symptoms. The PED-t is run by therapists with a professional background in sport sciences and nutrition, which in many clinical settings is an uncommon group of professionals. The symptom reduction effects using the PED-t need validation from patients who have been given this kind of treatment, as negative experiences may impinge further clinical implementation. To explore such experiences, semistructural interviews were conducted with 15 participants. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using a systematic text condensation approach. Overall, patients experienced the format and content of the PED-t as beneficial and as providing tools to manage BN- and BED symptoms. The patients' experiences of therapist credibility was enhanced by their appreciation of the therapists' professional background. Finally, some treatment modifications were suggested. Overall, the PED-t may thus be offered to patients with BN and BED, by a new set of professionals, and in uncommon settings. This possibility calls for future effectiveness studies integrating both parametric and experiential data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bakland
- Department of Health and Care Science, UiT - The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jan H Rosenvinge
- Department of Psychology, UiT - The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Rolf Wynn
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT - The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Division of Addictions and Mental Health, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | | | - Kristin Liabo
- Institute for Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Tove Aminda Hanssen
- Department of Heart Disease, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gunn Pettersen
- Department of Health and Care Science, UiT - The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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22
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Kerrigan SG, Lydecker JA, Grilo CM. Associations between physical activity and eating-disorder psychopathology among individuals categorised with binge-eating disorder and bulimia nervosa. Int J Clin Pract 2019; 73:e13401. [PMID: 31397950 PMCID: PMC7112656 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While physical activity (PA) is known to have positive effects on psychological and physical health, little is understood about the association between non-compensatory PA (ie, not compulsive or intended to control weight or shape) and psychopathology among individuals with eating-disorder features. The present study explored associations between non-compensatory PA and psychopathology among adults categorised with bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge-eating disorder (BED). We further explored the association between compensatory PA and psychopathology among those who engaged in that form of "purging." METHOD Participants were recruited through Mechanical Turk, an online recruitment platform. Individuals categorised with core features of BED (N = 138) and BN (N = 138) completed measures of eating-disorder psychopathology (Eating Disorder Examination - Questionnaire [EDE-Q] and Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns - 5), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire - 2) and PA (both non-compensatory and compensatory, measured using the EDE-Q and Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire). RESULTS Engagement in non-compensatory PA was associated with lower frequency of binge-eating episodes, lower overvaluation of shape/weight and lower dissatisfaction with shape/weight (Ps < .05). Engagement in compensatory PA was related to greater frequency of binge-eating episodes and greater restraint (Ps < .05). DISCUSSION Non-compensatory PA was associated with lower eating-disorder psychopathology. This suggests that PA is an important, though understudied, health behaviour among persons with features of BED and BN. Future research should examine the potential role of non-compensatory PA in interventions for individuals with core features of these eating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlos M Grilo
- Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
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23
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Smith KE, Mason TB, Juarascio A, Schaefer LM, Crosby RD, Engel SG, Wonderlich SA. Moving beyond self-report data collection in the natural environment: A review of the past and future directions for ambulatory assessment in eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord 2019; 52:1157-1175. [PMID: 31313348 PMCID: PMC6942694 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In recent years, ecological momentary assessment (EMA) has been used to repeatedly assess eating disorder (ED) symptoms in naturalistic settings, which has allowed for increased understanding of temporal processes that potentiate ED behaviors. However, there remain notable limitations of self-report EMA, and with the rapid proliferation of technology there are ever-increasing possibilities to improve ambulatory assessment methods to further the understanding and treatment of EDs. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to (a) systematically review the studies in EDs that have utilized ambulatory assessment methods other than self-report, and (b) provide directions for future research and clinical applications. METHOD A systematic literature search of electronic databases was conducted, and data regarding study characteristics and methodological quality were extracted. RESULTS The search identified 17 studies that used ambulatory assessment methods to gather objective data, and focused primarily on autonomic functioning, physical activity, and cognitive processes in ED and control groups. DISCUSSION Together the literature demonstrates the promise of using a range of ecologically valid ambulatory assessment approaches in EDs, though there remains limited research that has utilized methods other than self-report (e.g., wearable sensors), particularly in recent years. Going forward, there are several technology-enhanced momentary assessment methods that have potential to improve the understanding and treatment of EDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E. Smith
- Center for Bio-behavioral Research, Sanford Research, Fargo, North Dakota,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Tyler B. Mason
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Lauren M. Schaefer
- Center for Bio-behavioral Research, Sanford Research, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Ross D. Crosby
- Center for Bio-behavioral Research, Sanford Research, Fargo, North Dakota,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Scott G. Engel
- Center for Bio-behavioral Research, Sanford Research, Fargo, North Dakota,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Stephen A. Wonderlich
- Center for Bio-behavioral Research, Sanford Research, Fargo, North Dakota,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota
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24
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Miguet M, Fearnbach NS, Metz L, Khammassi M, Julian V, Cardenoux C, Pereira B, Boirie Y, Duclos M, Thivel D. Effect of HIIT versus MICT on body composition and energy intake in dietary restrained and unrestrained adolescents with obesity. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 45:437-445. [PMID: 31505120 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been suggested as an effective alternative to traditional moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) that can yield improvements in a variety of health outcomes. Yet, despite the urgent need to find effective strategies for the treatment of pediatric obesity, only a few studies have addressed the impact of HIIT on eating behaviors and body composition in this population. This study aimed to compare the effect of HIIT versus MICT on eating behaviors in adolescents with obesity and to assess if the participants' baseline dietary status is associated with the success of the intervention. Forty-three adolescents with obesity were randomly assigned to a 16-week MICT or HIIT intervention. Body composition and 24-h ad libitum energy intake were assessed at baseline and at the end of the program. Restrained eating, emotional eating, and external eating were assessed using the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire at baseline. Both interventions led to significant weight, body mass index (BMI), and fat mass percentage (FM%) reductions, with better improvements in FM% in the HIIT group; whereas 24-h ad libitum energy intake increased to a similar extent in both groups. HIIT provides better body composition improvements over MICT, despite a similar increase in energy intake. Restrained eaters experienced less weight loss and smaller BMI reduction compared with unrestrained eaters; higher baseline cognitively restrained adolescents showed a greater increase of their ad libitum energy intake. Novelty HIIT favors better body composition improvements compared with MICT. Both MICT and HIIT increased ad libitum energy intake in adolescents with obesity. Weight loss achievement is better among unrestrained eaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Miguet
- Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, 63171 Aubière, France
| | - Nicole S Fearnbach
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Lore Metz
- Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, 63171 Aubière, France
| | - Marwa Khammassi
- Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, 63171 Aubière, France
| | - Valérie Julian
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functionnal Explorations, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, 63000, France
| | - Charlotte Cardenoux
- Childhood Obesity Department, Romagnat Pediatric Medical Center, 63540 Romagnat, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et à l'Innovation (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand, 63000, France
| | - Yves Boirie
- Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU), Clermont-Ferrand, 63000, France
| | - Martine Duclos
- Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU), Clermont-Ferrand, 63000, France
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, 63171 Aubière, France
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25
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Yohn SE, Galbraith J, Calipari ES, Conn PJ. Shared Behavioral and Neurocircuitry Disruptions in Drug Addiction, Obesity, and Binge Eating Disorder: Focus on Group I mGluRs in the Mesolimbic Dopamine Pathway. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:2125-2143. [PMID: 30933466 PMCID: PMC7898461 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulated data from clinical and preclinical studies suggest that, in drug addiction and states of overeating, such as obesity and binge eating disorder (BED), there is an imbalance in circuits that are critical for motivation, reward saliency, executive function, and self-control. Central to these pathologies and the extensive topic of this Review are the aberrations in dopamine (DA) and glutamate (Glu) within the mesolimbic pathway. Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlus) are highly expressed in the mesolimbic pathway and are poised in key positions to modulate disruptions in synaptic plasticity and neurotransmitter release observed in drug addiction, obesity, and BED. The use of allosteric modulators of group I mGlus has been studied in drug addiction, as they offer several advantages over traditional orthosteric agents. However, they have yet to be studied in obesity or BED. With the substantial overlap between the neurocircuitry involved in drug addiction and eating disorders, group I mGlus may also provide novel targets for obesity and BED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha E. Yohn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, United States
| | - Jordan Galbraith
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, United States
| | - Erin S. Calipari
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, United States
| | - P. Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, United States
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26
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Miguet M, Masurier J, Chaput JP, Pereira B, Lambert C, Dâmaso AR, Courteix D, Duclos M, Boirie Y, Thivel D. Cognitive restriction accentuates the increased energy intake response to a 10-month multidisciplinary weight loss program in adolescents with obesity. Appetite 2018; 134:125-134. [PMID: 30576727 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidisciplinary interventions have shown some merits in weight reduction strategies in youth, however, their impact on subsequent daily energy intake remains largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the nutritional responses to a 10-month multidisciplinary intervention among adolescents with obesity, in relation to their eating behavior characteristics. METHODS Thirty-five adolescents (mean age: 13.4 ± 1.2 years) with obesity took part in a 10-month residential multidisciplinary weight loss program. Anthropometric measurements, body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), 24-h ad libitum energy intake (weighted), eating behaviors (Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire) and appetite sensations (Visual Analogue Scales) were assessed on three occasions: at their arrival in the institution (T0), after 5 months (T1), and at the end of the 10-month program (T2). RESULTS The mean weight loss reached 11% of the adolescents' initial body weight, with an important inter-individual variability (-25% to +3% of their initial body weight). Results revealed sex differences change, with boys showing a higher decrease in fat mass percent and increase in fat-free mass compared with girls. Weight loss was accompanied by a significant decrease in emotional (-8.3%, p < 0.05) and external (-14.8%, p < 0.001) eating scores and a significant increase in 24-h ad libitum energy intake (+246 kcal, p < 0.001). The observed subsequent increased 24-h ad libitum energy intake at T2 compared to T0 was significantly higher in cognitively restrained eaters (+492 kcal) compared to unrestrained eaters (+115 kcal, p = 0,015). Dietary restraint score at baseline was inversely correlated with the percentage of weight loss (r = -0.44, p = 0.010). CONCLUSION A 10-month multidisciplinary weight loss intervention induced an increase in 24-h ad libitum energy intake compared to baseline, especially in cognitively restrained eaters. Moreover, initially cognitively restrained eaters tended to lose less body weight compared to unrestrained ones. These findings suggest that cognitive restriction may be a useful eating behavior characteristic to consider as a screening tool for identifying adverse responders to weight loss interventions in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Miguet
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - J Masurier
- UGECAM Nutrition Obesity Ambulatory Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - J P Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - B Pereira
- Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Biostatistics Unit (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - C Lambert
- Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Biostatistics Unit (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - A R Dâmaso
- Post Graduate Program of Nutrition, Paulista Medicine School, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu, 862-Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04020-050, Brazil
| | - D Courteix
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont-Ferrand, France; CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - M Duclos
- CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France; University Clermont 1, UFR Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Y Boirie
- CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France; University Clermont 1, UFR Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Human Nutrition, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - D Thivel
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont-Ferrand, France; CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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