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Smorti M, Milone A, Fanciullacci L, Ciaravolo A, Berrocal C. Parenting and Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties in a General Population Sample of Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Emotional Dysregulation. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:435. [PMID: 38671652 PMCID: PMC11049627 DOI: 10.3390/children11040435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Research has shown that both parenting and emotional dysregulation are associated with mental health outcomes in youth. This cross-sectional research was developed to replicate these noted findings and explore the mediating role of emotional dysregulation to explain the relationship between parenting and emotional and behavioral difficulties (internalizing and externalizing problems) in adolescents. A total of 104 adolescents (61.5% females; M = 15.62 yrs., SD = 1.38) participated in the study. Participants completed the Parental Bonding Instrument (measuring care, promotion of autonomy, and overprotection) referring to both the mother and father, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, and the Youth Self-Report. The results showed that difficulties in emotion regulation fully mediated the relationship between overprotection (in both parents) and low maternal care with internalizing problems, on the one hand, and the relationship between maternal overprotection and low care (in both parents) with externalizing problems, on the other hand. Furthermore, emotional dysregulation partially mediated the effect of paternal care on internalizing problems. These findings help to clarify one of the mechanisms through which parenting can affect mental health in youth. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Smorti
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.S.); (L.F.); (A.C.); (C.B.)
| | - Annarita Milone
- IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, 56128 Calambrone, Italy
| | - Luisa Fanciullacci
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.S.); (L.F.); (A.C.); (C.B.)
| | - Alessia Ciaravolo
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.S.); (L.F.); (A.C.); (C.B.)
| | - Carmen Berrocal
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (M.S.); (L.F.); (A.C.); (C.B.)
- International Lab of Clinical Measurements, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
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Şengül-İnal G, Borgen NT, Dearing E, Zachrisson HD. The double jeopardy of low family income and negative emotionality: The family stress model revisited. Dev Psychopathol 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38433556 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579424000373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The family stress model has, for decades, guided empirical work linking poverty with increased risk of child social-emotional dysfunction. The present study extends this line of work by examining whether child negative emotionality moderates associations between family income, family stress (maternal distress, parental locus of control, and relationship dissatisfaction), and later externalizing and internalizing behavior problems. In a longitudinal population-based sample (n ~ 80,000) of Norwegian children followed from birth through age five (The Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study; MoBa), we examined whether high (vs. moderate or low) negative emotionality families would display: (a) compounding stress (i.e., particularly strong associations between low family income and family stress), (b) diathesis-stress (i.e., particularly strong associations between family stress and behavior problems), or (c) double jeopardy (i.e., both compounding stress and diathesis-stress moderating effects). Negative emotionality significantly moderated the association between family income and behavior problems in a manner most consistent with double jeopardy. As a result, compared with children with moderate/low negative emotionality, the family income-behavior problems association was two to three times larger for those with higher negative emotionality. These findings underscore the active role children may play in family processes that link low family income with behavior problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülbin Şengül-İnal
- Center for Research on Equality in Education, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Special Needs Education, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nicolai Topstad Borgen
- Center for Research on Equality in Education, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Special Needs Education, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for the Study of Professions, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eric Dearing
- Center for Research on Equality in Education, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Special Needs Education, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Applied Developmental Psychology, Lynch School of Education and Human Development, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Henrik Daae Zachrisson
- Center for Research on Equality in Education, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Special Needs Education, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Boullion A, Linde-Krieger LB, Doan SN, Yates TM. Parental warmth, adolescent emotion regulation, and adolescents' mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1216502. [PMID: 37727752 PMCID: PMC10505753 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1216502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The United States (U.S.) Surgeon General Advisory has characterized the COVID-19 pandemic as a youth mental health crisis. Thus, elucidating factors affecting adolescents' mental health during the pandemic is important for supporting youth through current and future challenges. Parenting influences adolescents' ability to cope with stressors, and emotion regulation strategy use may underlie these effects. Methods This longitudinal study of 206 adolescents (49% female; 46.6% Latine) from the U.S. evaluated pathways from perceived parental warmth and affection at age 12 to changes in adolescents' internalizing and externalizing problems from before the pandemic (age 14) to the initial phase of the U.S COVID-19 pandemic in Spring 2020 (age 15) through adolescents' pre-pandemic cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression emotion regulation strategy use at age 14. Results Parental warmth and affection predicted decreased internalizing, but not externalizing, problems during the initial phase of the pandemic, and this effect was explained by adolescents' reduced reliance on expressive suppression as an emotion regulation strategy. Conclusion These findings illuminate parenting and emotion regulation strategy selection as modifiable processes to support adolescents' mental health in this crisis and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- AnnaMaria Boullion
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Linnea B. Linde-Krieger
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Arizona, AZ, United States
| | - Stacey N. Doan
- Claremont McKenna College, Claremont, CA, United States
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Tuppett M. Yates
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
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Kapetanovic S, Zietz S, Lansford JE, Bacchini D, Bornstein MH, Chang L, Deater-Deckard K, Di Giunta L, Dodge KA, Gurdal S, Oburu P, Junla D, Pastorelli C, Skinner AT, Sorbring E, Tapanya S, Steinberg L, Tirado LMU, Yotanyamaneewong S, Alampay LP, Al-Hassan SM. Parenting, Adolescent Sensation Seeking, and Subsequent Substance Use: Moderation by Adolescent Temperament. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:1235-1254. [PMID: 36964432 PMCID: PMC10121702 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01765-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Although previous research has identified links between parenting and adolescent substance use, little is known about the role of adolescent individual processes, such as sensation seeking, and temperamental tendencies for such links. To test tenets from biopsychosocial models of adolescent risk behavior and differential susceptibility theory, this study investigated longitudinal associations among positive and harsh parenting, adolescent sensation seeking, and substance use and tested whether the indirect associations were moderated by adolescent temperament, including activation control, frustration, sadness, and positive emotions. Longitudinal data reported by adolescents (n = 892; 49.66% girls) and their mothers from eight cultural groups when adolescents were ages 12, 13, and 14 were used. A moderated mediation model showed that parenting was related to adolescent substance use, both directly and indirectly, through sensation seeking. Indirect associations were moderated by adolescent temperament. This study advances understanding of the developmental paths between the contextual and individual factors critical for adolescent substance use across a wide range of cultural contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Laurence Steinberg
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Tammilehto J, Flykt M, Peltonen K, Kuppens P, Bosmans G, Lindblom J. Roles of recalled parenting experiences and effortful control in adult daily emotion regulation. Cogn Emot 2023; 37:795-817. [PMID: 37161353 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2023.2209711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Research suggests that both childhood experiences with one's parents and individual differences in effortful control contribute to adult emotion regulation (ER). However, it is unclear how they associate with specific ER processes. In this adult study, we examined the roles of recalled parenting experiences and effortful control in daily ER selection and implementation. Using ecological momentary assessment (EMA), we focused on ER strategies of reappraisal, suppression, and rumination. We hypothesized recalled parental warmth, rejection, and overcontrol to predict adult ER selection and effectiveness of ER implementation and effortful control to mediate these effects. One hundred twenty-two adults answered self-reported questionnaires on their childhood experiences with their parents and effortful control. In EMA, they reported ER and emotions seven times daily for seven days. Recalled parental warmth predicted less suppression and rumination, whereas recalled overcontrol, especially in fathers, predicted greater suppression and reappraisal. However, recalled parenting experiences did not predict the effectiveness of ER implementation, and no support was found for the mediating role of effortful control between recalled parenting experiences and ER. Our findings suggest that recalled parenting experiences may guide adult ER selection rather than shape ER implementation, and these links may be largely independent of their effortful control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaakko Tammilehto
- Faculty of Social Sciences / Psychology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Marjo Flykt
- Faculty of Social Sciences / Psychology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi Peltonen
- INVEST Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Peter Kuppens
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guy Bosmans
- Clinical Psychology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jallu Lindblom
- Faculty of Social Sciences / Psychology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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Effortful control and depression in school-age children: The chain mediating role of emotion regulation ability and cognitive reappraisal strategy. J Affect Disord 2023; 327:111-119. [PMID: 36740141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is one of the main mental health problems facing primary school students. Temperamental effortful control (EC) has received much attention as a protective factor to depression. The present study aimed to verify the association of effortful control and children's depression and explore the mediating roles of emotion regulation ability (ERA) and strategies (ERSs) in the relationship. METHODS A total of 449 valid primary school students in grades 3 to 6 were included in the study. Self-report and parent-report questionnaires were used to collect data on key variables, including EC, depression, ERA and ERSs. RESULTS Gender and whether-native-or-not had significant effects on children's depression. EC was significantly and negatively correlated with children's depression; EC and depression were significantly correlated with Emotion Regulation dimension of ERA and cognitive reappraisal; but there was no correlation between EC and Lability/Negativity, as well as between expression suppression and depression. EmotionRegulation and cognitive reappraisal played mediating effects in the relationship between EC and depression parallelly and sequentially. LIMITATIONS The study used cross-sectional design and the sample was restricted to Chinese primary school students. Additionally, the types and research perspectives of ERSs can be further expanded. CONCLUSIONS EC can reduce the level of children's depression by improving the abilities of Emotion Regulation and the use of cognitive reappraisal strategy, as well as the chain mediating effects of the two.
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Peng A, Patterson MM, Wang H. Attachment, empathy, emotion regulation, and subjective well-being in young women. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2022.101497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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8
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Wang Y, Wu CH, Chen LH. A longitudinal investigation of the role of perceived autonomy support from coaches in reducing athletes' experiential avoidance: The mediating role of subjective vitality. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2023; 64:102304. [PMID: 37665804 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2022.102304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Experiential avoidance, a personality trait that refers to individuals' tendency to avoid negative experiences, can have a negative impact on athletes' goal achievement. For this reason, it is crucial to identify the factors that can mitigate such a tendency. Drawing on self-determination theory and referring specifically to the function of subjective vitality, we first hypothesize that perceived autonomy support from coaches is positively associated with athletes' subjective vitality, which in turn is negatively associated with athletes' experiential avoidance. Data were collected from one hundred eighty-five high school athletes in Taiwan using a three-wave, time-lagged survey design spanning a period of seven months. These athletes were drawn from ten senior high schools and were in their second year of high school. The results of regression analysis showed that perceived autonomy support from coaches at Time 1 was associated with higher vitality among athletes at Time 2, which was, in turn, associated with lower levels of experiential avoidance at Time 3, conditional on the athletes' experiential avoidance at Time 2. While perceived autonomy support from coaches at Time 1 was also associated with lower experiential avoidance at Time 2, experiential avoidance at Time 2 was not associated with vitality at Time 3 after controlling for vitality at Time 2. The results of mediation analysis further supported the claim that vitality is a critical mediator of the relationship between perceived autonomy support from coaches and athletes' experiential avoidance. Implications concerning the identification of this mediator are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- School of Management, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Chia-Huei Wu
- Management department, Leeds University Business School, University of Leeds, UK; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taiwan.
| | - Lung Hung Chen
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taiwan; Doctoral Program for Transnational Sport Management and Innovation, National Taiwan Sport University, Taiwan.
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Hamzallari O, Rosinski L, Petrenko A, Bridgett DJ. Mothers' Emotion Regulation and Negative Affect in Infants: The Role of Self-Efficacy and Knowledge of Parenting Practices. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:children10010085. [PMID: 36670636 PMCID: PMC9857287 DOI: 10.3390/children10010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Early in development, children rely heavily on caregivers for assistance with the regulation of negative emotion. As such, it is important to understand parent characteristics that influence caregiver ability to attenuate infant negative affect and mediating factors by which this process may unfold. This study examined the relationship between parental emotional regulation strategies (ERs) and infants' negative affect and tested the mediating effects of parenting self-efficacy and knowledge of this association. Results indicated that higher maternal reappraisal was related to higher maternal self-efficacy whereas higher maternal suppression was related to lower knowledge of parenting practices. Maternal suppression was negatively related to infant frustration; maternal self-efficacy was positively related to infant falling reactivity and negatively related to sadness. There was a significant indirect effect between maternal reappraisal and infant falling reactivity through maternal self-efficacy. The mediation result suggests that mothers with higher use of reappraisal show higher self-efficacy and have infants with higher falling reactivity. Maternal knowledge about parenting practices was related to lower infant fear. Maternal knowledge of parenting practices did not mediate any associations between maternal emotion regulation strategies and infant negative affect. These findings contribute to the understanding early protective parenting mechanisms for supporting the external regulation of negative affect in infants and also in designing and implementing preventive parenting programs focused on the emotional needs of parents and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriola Hamzallari
- Department of Psychology, Aleksandër Moisiu University, Rruga Miqësia, Spitallë, 2000 Durrës, Albania
- Correspondence: or (O.H.); (D.J.B.)
| | - Leanna Rosinski
- Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA
| | - Anton Petrenko
- Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA
| | - David J. Bridgett
- Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA
- Correspondence: or (O.H.); (D.J.B.)
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10
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Emotion Regulation in Emerging Adults: Do Parenting And Parents’ Own Emotion Regulation Matter? JOURNAL OF ADULT DEVELOPMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10804-022-09427-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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van Eickels RL, Tsarpalis-Fragkoulidis A, Zemp M. Family cohesion, shame-proneness, expressive suppression, and adolescent mental health-A path model approach. Front Psychol 2022; 13:921250. [PMID: 35992453 PMCID: PMC9382198 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.921250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The family remains one of the most important relationship systems into early adulthood and provides an important foundation for lifelong mental health. Dysfunctional family cohesion can promote adjustment problems in adolescents and might also affect adolescents' self-concept and strategies for coping with emotional distress. To test these relationships and the underlying mechanisms, we proposed a dual mediation model describing the associations between family cohesion and internalizing and externalizing problems, mediated by shame-proneness and expressive suppression. Methods A sample of 526 German-speaking adolescents aged 14 to 18 years from Austria, Germany, and Switzerland participated in an online self-report survey encompassing questionnaires on family cohesion, shame-proneness, expressive suppression, and psychological problems. We tested a path model to examine the indirect pathways of the associations between family cohesion and internalizing and externalizing problems via shame-proneness and expressive suppression, while controlling for age, gender, and guilt-proneness. Results We found a significant dual mediation of the associations between family cohesion and internalizing and externalizing problems by shame-proneness and expressive suppression. The indirect pathways were all significant, except for the indirect pathway from family cohesion to externalizing problems via shame-proneness. Discussion Our results provide a model for the mechanisms by which disrupted family cohesion can be related to psychological problems in adolescents. Expressive suppression emerged as crucial when considering the consequences of shame-proneness in adolescents, as it was only indirectly related to externalizing problems via expressive suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahel L. van Eickels
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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12
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Fassot EM, Tuschen-Caffier B, Asbrand J. Association of parental characteristics and emotion regulation in children and adolescents with and without psychopathology: A case-control study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271486. [PMID: 35895666 PMCID: PMC9328518 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explores the difference in child emotion regulation (ER) and parenting between a heterogeneous clinical sample (ClinS) and a community sample (ComS). We hypothesized that parents of the ClinS would report more dysfunctional child ER and more dysfunctional parenting regarding the child’s negative emotions than parents of the ComS. Further, we aimed to predict child ER by parenting behavior, parents’ ER, and mental health. Parents of children and adolescents (aged 6–18 years) seeking treatment at an outpatient clinic were compared to a matched sample of parents in a ComS (n = 57 each group). As predicted, the children in the clinical group were reported to use less reappraisal and more suppression than ComS children. No difference was found in dysfunctional emotion parenting between the groups. Reappraisal in parents and supportive reactions to negative emotions predicted reappraisal in children. No predictor was found for child suppression. Child emotion regulation and parents’ psychopathology were not associated. These results could suggest new elements for prevention and intervention programs with parents concerning their own emotion regulation and their reaction to negative emotions in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Fassot
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute for Psychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Brunna Tuschen-Caffier
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute for Psychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julia Asbrand
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute for Psychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Wang X, Ding W, Xie R, Wu W, Jiang M, Kayani S, Li W. The influence of child maltreatment on teacher-student and peer relationships: The mediating roles of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03268-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Parenting dimensions/styles and emotion dysregulation in childhood and adolescence: a systematic review and Meta-analysis. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03037-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractEmotion dysregulation is a transdiagnostic factor in the development of various mental and behavioral disorders, thus requiring ample evidence for prevention and intervention approaches. The aim of the current systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the association between parenting dimensions/styles and emotion dysregulation in childhood and adolescence. Following the PRISMA guidelines, the review was registered (PROSPERO CRD42021251672) and search terms were entered in Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, and PubMed in May 2021. Articles needed to report on empirical studies that examined the association between parenting dimensions/styles and emotion dysregulation in children/adolescents with primary data, and be published in English in a peer-reviewed journal. Additionally, articles were excluded based on certain designs and focus on special populations. The narrative synthesis includes 30 articles, and of which 27 are included in the meta-analysis. An NHLBI tool with 14 items (e.g., validity) was utilized for assessing the quality of the included studies. General trends indicate that positive parenting (e.g., warmth, supportiveness) is negatively associated with emotion dysregulation, whilst negative parenting (e.g., psychological control, authoritarian) is positively associated. The meta-analysis reveals an overall small yet significant effect, however, the heterogeneity of the studies is moderate to high. A funnel plot demonstrated no evidence of publication bias. Limitations include the varying conceptualizations of emotion dysregulation, as well as a lacking focus on specific types of emotion. Although more research is needed, addressing factors such as culture, gender, and age, the review provides first indications of the significance of parenting dimensions/styles for emotion dysregulation.
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Smogorzewska J, Osterhaus C. A matter of style? Parenting behaviors of mothers of typically-developing children, children with mild intellectual disability, and deaf or hard-of-hearing children. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17405629.2022.2039618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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16
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Parent-Infant Attachment Insecurity and Emotional Eating in Adolescence: Mediation through Emotion Suppression and Alexithymia. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051662. [PMID: 34068872 PMCID: PMC8153636 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Emotional eating (EE), the propensity to eat in response to emotions, is thought to have its origins in the early parent–infant relationship. This study tested the hypothesis that infant attachment insecurity results in EE in adolescence through the increased use of the emotion regulation strategy suppression of emotions and subsequent alexithymia. At the age of 15 months, parent–infant attachment security (n = 129) was observed with two abbreviated attachment measures: the shortened strange situation procedure (SSSP), and the shortened attachment Q-set (S-AQS). At the age of 12 years, children completed self-report questionnaires to assess the suppression of emotions, alexithymia, and EE. At the age of 16 years, EE was measured again. The mediation models indicated that lower parent–infant attachment security predicted increased use of suppression of emotions, which was related to increased alexithymia, and in turn more EE at the age of 12 years. These results were similar and significant for both attachment measures, and also (marginal) significant with EE at the age of 16 years as an outcome. Lastly, when parental caregiving quality was included, the models with the SSSP as predictor remained significant, but the models with the S-AQS became insignificant. These results indicated that to a certain extent, infant attachment security could predict adolescent EE above and beyond parental caregiving quality.
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Markova G, Houdek L, Kocabova Z. To the Operating Room! Positive Effects of a Healthcare Clown Intervention on Children Undergoing Surgery. Front Public Health 2021; 9:653884. [PMID: 33959583 PMCID: PMC8093515 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.653884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study we examined the positive effects of a healthcare clown intervention on children undergoing surgeries, and the role parent-child relationships may play in their effectiveness. Children between 5 and 12 years, who were scheduled to undergo elective surgical procedures in a large university hospital, were randomly assigned to an intervention group (IG; n = 35) that was visited by a healthcare clown, and a control group (CG; n = 27) that received treatment as usual (i.e., company of parents before the surgery). Children in both groups were videotaped and the videos were later used to rate their activity, arousal, emotional expressivity, and vocalizations. Additionally, children and parents rated their mood and perceived quality of life at several points during the procedure, and parents reported their perceptions of the relationship with their children. Results showed that children in the IG showed more positive emotions and vocalizations than children in the CG. Parents of children in the IG also reported more positive mood than parents of children in the CG. In contrast, children in the CG reported higher quality of life than children in the IG. Importantly, analyses showed considerable effects of the parent-child relationship on all outcome measures. Results of the present study demonstrate that a healthcare clown intervention had some positive effects on behaviors and mood of hospitalized children and their parents. Importantly, our findings also suggest that we need to consider the pre-existing "relationship microcosmos" that the clowns enter when assessing their effectiveness in the hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Markova
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Zuzana Kocabova
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czechia
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18
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Favieri F, Marini A, Casagrande M. Emotional Regulation and Overeating Behaviors in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Behav Sci (Basel) 2021; 11:11. [PMID: 33477932 PMCID: PMC7833366 DOI: 10.3390/bs11010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The worldwide prevalence of obesity has dramatically increased, mostly in children and adolescents. The Emotional Eating theoretical model has proposed that the failure in emotional regulation could represent a risk factor for establishing maladaptive overeating behavior that represents an inadequate response to negative emotions and allows increasing body-weight. This systematic review investigates the relationship between overeating and both emotional regulation and emotional intelligence in childhood and adolescence, considering both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Moreover, another goal of the review is evaluating whether emotional regulation and emotional intelligence can cause overeating behaviors. The systematic search was conducted according to the PRISMA-statement in the databases Medline, PsychArtcles, PsychInfo, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences, and allows 484 records to be extracted. Twenty-six studies were selected according to inclusion (e.g., studies focused on children and adolescents without clinical conditions; groups of participants overweight or with obesity) and exclusion (e.g., studies that adopted qualitative assessment or cognitive-affective tasks to measure emotional variables; reviews, commentary, or brief reports) criteria detailed in the methods. Cross-sectional studies showed a negative association between emotional regulation and overeating behavior that was confirmed by longitudinal studies. These findings highlighted the role of maladaptive emotion regulation on overeating and being overweight. The relationship between these constructs in children and adolescents was consistent. The results indicated the complexity of this association, which would be influenced by many physiological, psychological, and social factors. These findings underline the need for further studies focused on emotion regulation in the development of overeating. They should analyze the mediation role of other variables (e.g., attachment style, peer pressure) and identify interventions to prevent and reduce worldwide overweight prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Favieri
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Marini
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical and Health Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maria Casagrande
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical and Health Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
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19
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West KB, Shaffer A, Wickrama KAS, Han ZR, Suveg C. Preschoolers' dynamic respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) change during a challenging parent-child interactive task: Relations with preschoolers' socioemotional health. Dev Psychobiol 2020; 63:1132-1145. [PMID: 33146405 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is a biomarker of physiological functioning that has been implicated in self-regulatory processes and shown to relate to children's socioemotional health. RSA is a dynamic process reflecting an individual's response to their environment; thus, temporally sensitive methods are critical to better understanding this self-regulatory process in different contexts. Prior work has studied young children's RSA change in the context of emotion clips and interactions with a stranger. The present study meaningfully expanded upon this work by examining: (a) preschoolers' dynamic RSA change during a challenging task with their mothers, and (b) factors that may explain variability in children's dynamic RSA change. Preschoolers (N = 108; Mage = 3.56 years) and their mothers from diverse backgrounds completed a challenging activity together while children's physiological activity was monitored. Mothers reported on children's positive affect, parent emotional support, and family cohesion and indicators of socioemotional health. Children's positive affect and family cohesion explained variability in children's dynamic RSA change, which concurrently related to better socioemotional health. This study advances research and theory on biological correlates implicated in the development of children's self-regulation and furthers our understanding of factors that may support children's developing self-regulation at the physiological level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara B West
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Anne Shaffer
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Kandauda A S Wickrama
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Zhuo Rachel Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Cynthia Suveg
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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20
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The Role of Adolescents’ and Their Parents’ Temperament Types in Adolescents’ Academic Emotions: A Goodness-of-Fit Approach. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10566-020-09582-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Academic emotions (e.g., enjoyment of learning or anxiety) play a significant role in academic performance and educational choices. An important factor explaining academic emotions can be students’ temperament and the goodness-of-fit between their temperament and their social environment, including parents.
Objective
This study investigated the unique and interactive effects of early adolescents’ and their parents’ temperament types on adolescents’ academic emotions in literacy and mathematics.
Method
The participants in the study consisted of 690 adolescent–parent dyads. Parents rated their own and their adolescents’ temperaments, and adolescents reported their positive and negative emotions in literacy and mathematics.
Results
The results showed that adolescents’ temperament type was significantly related to their negative emotions in both school subjects. Adolescents with an undercontrolled temperament reported more anger compared to adolescents with a resilient or overcontrolled temperament, and more anxiety, shame, and hopelessness compared to resilient adolescents. In addition, undercontrolled adolescents reported more boredom in mathematics than resilient or overcontrolled adolescents. The parents’ temperament type was related to positive emotions. Adolescents of resilient parents reported greater pride in mathematics than adolescents of undercontrolled or overcontrolled parents and higher hope in mathematics than adolescents of overcontrolled parents. Finally, overcontrolled adolescents with a resilient or overcontrolled parent reported higher enjoyment of mathematics and literacy in comparison to overcontrolled adolescents with an undercontrolled parent.
Conclusions
The findings of the study provide new knowledge about the role of temperament in the school context by showing that differences in temperamental reactivity and regulation relate to adolescents’ academic emotions.
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21
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Bujor L, Turliuc MN. The personality structure in the emotion regulation of sadness and anger. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.109999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Plickert G, Pals H. Parental Anger and Trajectories of Emotional Well-Being from Adolescence to Young Adulthood. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2020; 30:440-457. [PMID: 31671254 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study assesses the relationship of parental anger on children's anger and self-derogation from adolescence to young adulthood. We examine a life-course perspective and incorporate theories of emotion regulation and self-referent behavior. Using structural equation models and hierarchical growth curve models with the Kaplan Longitudinal and Multigenerational data, the results indicate that parental anger leads to anger in adolescence, supporting theories of learning through modeling in adolescence. In young adulthood, as predicted by self-referent behavior theory, parental anger contributes to increases in self-derogation. Interestingly, maternal anger, but not paternal anger, is correlated with child's anger and self-derogation.
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23
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Kao K, Tuladhar CT, Tarullo AR. Parental and Family-Level Sociocontextual Correlates of Emergent Emotion Regulation: Implications for Early Social Competence. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES 2020; 29:1630-1641. [PMID: 34334997 PMCID: PMC8323769 DOI: 10.1007/s10826-020-01706-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Emotion regulation skills in early childhood are essential for healthy emotional and behavioral development, yet factors related to emergent emotion regulation during the early preschool period have not been extensively explored. METHODS In the present study (N = 90), we specifically examine parental and family-level sociocontextual correlates in relation to emotion regulation skills in three-year-olds, a crucial time when the onset of several cognitive and socioemotional abilities are intertwined. We also investigate the role of these developing emotion regulatory capacities with behavioral problems and social competence. RESULTS Children whose parents use more adaptive emotion regulation strategies (r = .33, p = .001) and who grow up in a higher income (r = .25, p = .02), less chaotic household (r = -.30, p = .004) have better emergent emotion regulation. Additionally, better child emotion regulation skills are associated with more positive outcomes such as fewer behavioral problems (r = -.46, p < .001) and more instrumental helping behaviors (r = .23, p = .04). CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that identifying individual differences in emotion regulation earlier than most prior studies may be particularly important for fostering this crucial skill and overall psychological well-being in young children.
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24
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Goodman ML, Hindman A, Keiser PH, Gitari S, Ackerman Porter K, Raimer BG. Neglect, Sexual Abuse, and Witnessing Intimate Partner Violence During Childhood Predicts Later Life Violent Attitudes Against Children Among Kenyan Women: Evidence of Intergenerational Risk Transmission From Cross-Sectional Data. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2020; 35:623-645. [PMID: 29294640 DOI: 10.1177/0886260516689777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Violence against children, including corporal punishment, remains a global concern. Understanding sources of support for corporal punishment within cultures, and the potential for intergenerational transmission of child maltreatment, is essential for policy-development and community engagement to protect children. In this study, we use data from a cross-section of women in Meru County, Kenya (n = 1,974) to profile attitudes toward violence against children using the Velicer Attitudes Towards Violence-Child subscale. We find reported histories of sexual abuse, emotional and physical neglect, and witnessing interpersonal violence during childhood predict more violent attitudes toward children in adulthood. The pathway between these forms of child maltreatment and violent attitudes is significantly mediated by family function, perceived stress, and attitudes toward violence against women. Interventions to prevent sexual abuse, intimate partner violence, and promote attachments between parents and children may benefit future generations in this population. Furthermore, secondary prevention of the effects of these childhood adversities may require development of social support, improving family function and challenging violent attitudes against women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Goodman
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA
- Sodzo International, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Ben G Raimer
- University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA
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25
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Li JB, Willems YE, Stok FM, Deković M, Bartels M, Finkenauer C. Parenting and Self-Control Across Early to Late Adolescence: A Three-Level Meta-Analysis. PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2019; 14:967-1005. [PMID: 31491364 DOI: 10.1177/1745691619863046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Self-control plays a significant role in positive youth development. Although numerous self-control challenges occur during adolescence, some adolescents control themselves better than others. Parenting is considered a critical factor that distinguishes adolescents with good self-control from those with poor self-control, but existing findings are inconsistent. This meta-analysis summarizes the overall relationship between parenting and self-control among adolescents aged 10 to 22 years. The analysis includes 191 articles reporting 1,540 effect sizes (N = 164,459). The results show that parenting is associated with adolescents' self-control both concurrently (r = .204, p < .001) and longitudinally (r = .157, p < .001). Longitudinal studies also reveal that adolescents' self-control influences subsequent parenting (r = .155, p < .001). Moderator analyses show that the effect sizes are largely invariant across cultures, ethnicities, age of adolescents, and parent and youth gender. Our results point to the importance of parenting in individual differences in adolescent self-control and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Bin Li
- Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong.,Centre for Child and Family Science, The Education University of Hong Kong
| | - Yayouk E Willems
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.,Amsterdam Public Health Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Utrecht University
| | - F Marijn Stok
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Utrecht University
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University
| | - Meike Bartels
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.,Amsterdam Public Health Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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26
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Parenting styles and Turkish children’s emotion regulation: The mediating role of parent-teacher relationships. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-00390-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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27
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van Strien T, Beijers R, Smeekens S, Winkens LHH, Konttinen H. Parenting quality in infancy and emotional eating in adolescence: Mediation through emotion suppression and alexithymia. Appetite 2019; 141:104339. [PMID: 31265858 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.104339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the association between parenting quality at age 15 and 28 months and emotional eating (EE) at age 12 and 16 years through serial mediation by suppression of emotions and alexithymia at 12 years. The sample included 129 children and their parents. Lower parental quality in infancy was related to more suppression of emotions, which in turn was related to more difficulty identifying emotions, and in turn to higher EE in adolescence. This serial mediation model was significant for EE at 12 years, and for EE at 16 years. If future studies reveal converging findings, this knowledge points to the need for programs preventing the development of EE in adolescence through increasing the quality of parenting in infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana van Strien
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Behavioural Science Institute, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Roseriet Beijers
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Behavioural Science Institute, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sanny Smeekens
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Open University of the Netherlands, the Netherlands
| | - Laura H H Winkens
- Consumption and Healthy Lifestyles Chair Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hanna Konttinen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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28
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Kao K, Tuladhar CT, Meyer JS, Tarullo AR. Emotion regulation moderates the association between parent and child hair cortisol concentrations. Dev Psychobiol 2019; 61:1064-1078. [PMID: 30953366 DOI: 10.1002/dev.21850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Successful emotion regulation facilitates children's coping with everyday stress. It develops rapidly in the early preschool period. However, no work has been done to investigate the potential buffering role of emotion regulation from cumulative physiological effects of stress. In this study, we examined hair cortisol concentration (HCC), an early marker of chronic physiological stress, socioeconomic status (SES), parental sensitivity, and emotion regulation and reactivity in a sample of 3.5-year-old children (N = 86). Emotion regulation and emotional reactivity were independent of child HCC. However, emotion regulation moderated the relationship between parent and child HCC. For children with better emotion regulation, there was no association between parent and child HCC, suggesting that emotion regulation skills buffered the transgenerational effects of chronic physiological stress. Emotional reactivity moderated the relationship between SES and child HCC, and attenuated the association between parental sensitivity and child HCC. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that children who were less emotionally reactive were less susceptible to their environments. Results provide support that child emotion regulation and emotional reactivity can reduce or strengthen the relationship between established risk factors and levels of chronic physiological stress in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Kao
- Harvard Medical School, Brazelton Touchpoints Center, Division of Developmental Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Charu T Tuladhar
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jerrold S Meyer
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Amanda R Tarullo
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
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29
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Leaberry KD, Rosen PJ, Slaughter KE, Reese J, Fogleman ND. Temperamental negative affect, emotion-specific regulation, and concurrent internalizing and externalizing pathology among children with ADHD. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 11:311-324. [PMID: 30905024 DOI: 10.1007/s12402-019-00294-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience high rates of temperamental negative affect and comorbid internalizing and externalizing pathology. The current study explored the role of emotion-specific regulation in accounting for the link between temperamental negative affect and psychopathology among children with ADHD. Forty parents of children ages 8-11 (N =29 males, N =11 females) completed measures of child temperament, emotion-specific dysregulation (i.e., anger dysregulation, sadness dysregulation), and psychopathology. Children completed a measure of emotion-specific dysregulation. Results revealed that anger dysregulation fully statistically accounted for the relationship between temperamental negative affect and concurrent externalizing problems. Sadness dysregulation did not account for the relationship between temperamental negative affect and internalizing problems. These novel findings implicate the robust role of anger dysregulation in explaining the link between temperamental negative affect and concurrent externalizing pathology. The results of this study have significant implications for the treatment of emotionally driven externalizing behavior among children with ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten D Leaberry
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Life Sciences Building, Room 317, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
| | - Paul J Rosen
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Life Sciences Building, Room 317, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Kelly E Slaughter
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Life Sciences Building, Room 317, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Joseph Reese
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Life Sciences Building, Room 317, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Nicholas D Fogleman
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Life Sciences Building, Room 317, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.,Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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30
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Azhar H, Baig Z, Koleth S, Mohammad K, Petkari E. Psychosocial associations of emotion-regulation strategies in young adults residing in the United Arab Emirates. Psych J 2019; 8:431-438. [PMID: 30816020 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The management and expression of emotions can have a positive impact on psychological health and overall functioning. Thus, it is crucial to focus on the study of emotion regulation and the strategies young adults employ to achieve it, namely cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression, as well as their associations with the long neglected psychosocial factors. The current study aimed at exploring the associations between psychosocial factors and the two emotion-regulation strategies, after controlling for potential sociodemographic confounders. This study used a sample of 136 participants from the Indian subcontinent living in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, aged 18-25 years, who completed instruments measuring social anxiety, social support, and parenting styles (authoritative, authoritarian, permissive) as well as the use of the emotion-regulation strategies of suppression and reappraisal. The results indicated that having experienced authoritarian parenting and perceiving low social support were associated with the use of suppression, while having experienced authoritative parenting and low levels of social anxiety were associated with the use of emotional reappraisal. Our study provides evidence on the importance of psychosocial factors for the use of emotion-regulation strategies and suggests their modification for the promotion of adaptive ways of managing emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humna Azhar
- Department of Psychology, Middlesex University Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zahra Baig
- Department of Psychology, Middlesex University Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shihab Koleth
- Department of Psychology, Middlesex University Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kausar Mohammad
- Department of Psychology, Middlesex University Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Eleni Petkari
- Department of Behavioural and Social Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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31
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Vranjes I, Erreygers S, Vandebosch H, Baillien E, De Witte H. Patterns of cybervictimization and emotion regulation in adolescents and adults. Aggress Behav 2018; 44:647-657. [PMID: 30155901 DOI: 10.1002/ab.21790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Research on cyberbullying has boomed in the past two decades. Findings from studies among adolescents suggest that they can be classified into distinct groups based on their cyberbullying experience, and that cyberbullying seems to be related to poor emotion regulation. So far, only a few studies have examined cyberbullying among adult workers and it is unclear whether cyberbullying develops similarly in that population. Therefore, in this study cyberbullying victimization was assessed in adolescents and adult workers simultaneously to address three aims: (1) to explore which groups can be distinguished based on their cyberbullying experience; (2) to analyze the associations of group membership with the way people regulate their emotions; and (3) to examine whether the results are comparable in adolescents and adults. Latent class analysis was used to analyze data from 1,426 employees and 1,715 adolescents in the first year of secondary education (12-13 years old). In each population, three profiles differing in their patterns of cybervictimization were identified: no cybervictimization (80%), work-related cybervictimization (18%), and pervasive cybervictimization (3%) for adults, and no cybervictimization (68%), similar-to-offline cybervictimization (27%), and pervasive cybervictimization (4%) for adolescents. Furthermore, these profiles differed in their use of emotion regulation strategies, with pervasive cyber-victims suppressing their emotions significantly more than other groups. Future research is needed to clarify the role of emotion regulation in cyberbullying as an antecedent or consequence of victimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Vranjes
- Occupational and Organizational Psychology and Professional Learning; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Department of Work and Organization Studies; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Communication Studies; Universiteit Antwerpen; Antwerp Belgium
| | - Sara Erreygers
- Occupational and Organizational Psychology and Professional Learning; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Communication Studies; Universiteit Antwerpen; Antwerp Belgium
| | - Heidi Vandebosch
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Communication Studies; Universiteit Antwerpen; Antwerp Belgium
| | - Elfi Baillien
- Department of Work and Organization Studies; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Hans De Witte
- Occupational and Organizational Psychology and Professional Learning; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
- Optentia Research Focus Area; North-West University; Vanderbijlpark South Africa
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32
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Henry LM, Forehand R, Watson KH, Gruhn M, Bettis AH, McKee LG, Compas BE. Parental Depressive Symptoms and Parenting: Associations with Children's Coping in Families of Depressed Parents. PARENTING, SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2018; 18:281-296. [PMID: 33343236 PMCID: PMC7747799 DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2018.1529453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This multi-method study examined parental depressive symptoms and levels of harsh/intrusive and warm/responsive parenting as correlates of secondary control coping (acceptance, cognitive reappraisal, distraction) in children of parents with a history of depression. DESIGN The sample included 165 parents with a history of major depressive disorder and their 9- to15-year-old children. Parents provided self-reports of their current depressive symptoms; videorecordings of parent-child interactions were coded to determine parenting behaviors; and children reported their use of secondary control coping strategies. RESULTS Harsh/intrusive parenting related to less, and warm/responsive parenting related to greater, use of secondary control coping strategies in children. Parents' current depressive symptoms were only conditionally related to children's use of secondary control coping strategies, such that depressive symptoms moderated the relation between warm/responsive parenting behaviors and child secondary control coping. When parental depressive symptoms were low or average, warm/responsive parenting was positively related to children's secondary control coping. When parental depressive symptoms were high, warm/responsive parenting was not associated with children's secondary control coping. CONCLUSIONS The association between positive parenting behaviors and children's coping is contingent on current levels of parents' depressive symptoms. Efforts to enhance children's coping skills should target both parental depressive symptoms and parenting skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Henry
- Lauren M. Henry, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN 37203. . Rex Forehand, Kelly H. Watson, Meredith Gruhn, Alexandra H. Bettis, Laura G. McKee, and Bruce E. Compas are associated with Vanderbilt University and the University of Vermont
| | - Rex Forehand
- Lauren M. Henry, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN 37203. . Rex Forehand, Kelly H. Watson, Meredith Gruhn, Alexandra H. Bettis, Laura G. McKee, and Bruce E. Compas are associated with Vanderbilt University and the University of Vermont
| | - Kelly H Watson
- Lauren M. Henry, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN 37203. . Rex Forehand, Kelly H. Watson, Meredith Gruhn, Alexandra H. Bettis, Laura G. McKee, and Bruce E. Compas are associated with Vanderbilt University and the University of Vermont
| | - Meredith Gruhn
- Lauren M. Henry, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN 37203. . Rex Forehand, Kelly H. Watson, Meredith Gruhn, Alexandra H. Bettis, Laura G. McKee, and Bruce E. Compas are associated with Vanderbilt University and the University of Vermont
| | - Alexandra H Bettis
- Lauren M. Henry, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN 37203. . Rex Forehand, Kelly H. Watson, Meredith Gruhn, Alexandra H. Bettis, Laura G. McKee, and Bruce E. Compas are associated with Vanderbilt University and the University of Vermont
| | - Laura G McKee
- Lauren M. Henry, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN 37203. . Rex Forehand, Kelly H. Watson, Meredith Gruhn, Alexandra H. Bettis, Laura G. McKee, and Bruce E. Compas are associated with Vanderbilt University and the University of Vermont
| | - Bruce E Compas
- Lauren M. Henry, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN 37203. . Rex Forehand, Kelly H. Watson, Meredith Gruhn, Alexandra H. Bettis, Laura G. McKee, and Bruce E. Compas are associated with Vanderbilt University and the University of Vermont
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Temel M, Atalay AA. The relationship between perceived maternal parenting and psychological distress: Mediator role of self-compassion. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-018-9904-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Eating in response to negative emotions (EE) may be an explanatory factor of the weight regain of many dieters. This narrative review presents evidence on possible causes of EE and the association of EE with depression and obesity and discusses implications of these findings for the treatment of obesity. RECENT FINDINGS Possible causes of EE are high dietary restraint, poor interoceptive awareness, alexithymia, emotion dysregulation and a reversed hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) stress axis. EE may be the outcome of inadequate parenting or depressive feelings in interaction with genetic susceptibility. There is also robust evidence that EE is a mediator between depression and obesity. The association of EE with depression and poor emotion regulation skills suggests that the treatment of obese people with high EE should not focus on calorie-restricted diets but on emotion regulation skills. The DEBQ (Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire) enables such a matched treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana van Strien
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Public Health research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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35
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Woodward EC, Viana AG. The desire to emulate parental emotional strategies and its relation to emotion dysregulation among emerging adults. EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIOURAL DIFFICULTIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/13632752.2018.1455648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma C. Woodward
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andres G. Viana
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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McDoniel ME, Buss KA. Maternal Responsiveness Protects Exuberant Toddlers from Experiencing Behavior Problems in Kindergarten. EARLY EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT 2018; 29:716-729. [PMID: 30319237 PMCID: PMC6178975 DOI: 10.1080/10409289.2018.1442096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH FINDINGS Exuberant temperament, characterized by high approach and positive affect, is linked to socioemotional outcomes including risk for externalizing symptoms across development. Externalizing problems interfere with children's school readiness and lead to disruptive behavior in the classroom. While some moderating factors help identify which exuberant children are at risk and in which contexts they are at risk, few studies have identified early moderators that protect against maladjustment when children enter school. In the current study, we examined exuberant temperament in 124 toddlers and classroom behavior problems reported by kindergarten teachers. We also assessed the impact of maternal responsiveness at 24 months on the relation between exuberance and classroom behavior problems. As hypothesized, we found that higher exuberance predicted more behavior problems. Additionally, maternal responsiveness moderated this association such that high responsiveness protected exuberant children from classroom behavior problems. PRACTICE OR POLICY These results expand our understanding of socioemotional risks for exuberant children and how these risks influence school readiness. We also find that maternal responsiveness during toddlerhood mitigates these risks, and our findings suggest that interventions for exuberant children at risk for behavior problems or poor school readiness should target parental responsiveness when children are toddlers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristin A Buss
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Psychology
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Revisiting Attachment to Parents and Depression Link in Adolescence: the Importance of Language Use and Emotion Regulation. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-017-9714-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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38
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The Relationship Between Perceived Parenting Style and Emotion Regulation Abilities in Adulthood. JOURNAL OF ADULT DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10804-017-9269-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
A critical assumption of the CaR-FA-X model, that overgeneral memory is partly attributable to the "functional avoidance" of specific details about one's past experiences, has not been experimentally tested. Further, while it is assumed that the reinforcing properties of said avoidance leads to the emergence of an overgeneral recall style over time, this question has not been addressed developmentally. To explore these issues, two studies were conducted. In Study 1, 41 children and adolescents (Mage = 12 years) were randomly assigned to recall overgeneral or specific negative memories on the Autobiographical Memory Test; participants later listened to their memories and provided pre- and post-tests of their emotional states at four time points: before and after memory generation and before and after memory exposure. In Study 2, 52 college-aged participants (Mage = 19 years) completed the same protocol. Results indicated that children and adolescents in the overgeneral condition reported higher levels of positive affect relative to those in the specific condition, while recall condition did not impact adults' emotional states. These findings were not explained by differences in emotion regulation strategies or psychopathological symptoms. Implications for developmental models of autobiographical memory and emotion regulation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Bunnell
- a Department of Psychology , Ohio Wesleyan University , Delaware , OH , USA
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40
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Stoltz S, Beijers R, Smeekens S, Deković M. Diathesis stress or differential susceptibility? testing longitudinal associations between parenting, temperament, and children's problem behavior. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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41
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Saritas-Atalar D, Altan-Atalay A. Maternal availability and adolescent dependency as moderators on the relation between personality and ER strategies in a Turkish sample. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Smiley PA, Buttitta KV, Chung SY, Coffey JK, Wang BA, Borelli JL. Anger in response to challenge: children’s emotion socialization predicts approach versus avoidance. MOTIVATION AND EMOTION 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11031-016-9583-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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43
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Stafford M, Kuh DL, Gale CR, Mishra G, Richards M. Parent-child relationships and offspring's positive mental wellbeing from adolescence to early older age. THE JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2016; 11:326-337. [PMID: 27019664 PMCID: PMC4784487 DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2015.1081971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We examined parent-child relationship quality and positive mental well-being using Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development data. Well-being was measured at ages 13-15 (teacher-rated happiness), 36 (life satisfaction), 43 (satisfaction with home and family life) and 60-64 years (Diener Satisfaction With Life scale and Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-being scale). The Parental Bonding Instrument captured perceived care and control from the father and mother to age 16, recalled by study members at age 43. Greater well-being was seen for offspring with higher combined parental care and lower combined parental psychological control (p < 0.05 at all ages). Controlling for maternal care and paternal and maternal behavioural and psychological control, childhood social class, parental separation, mother's neuroticism and study member's personality, higher well-being was consistently related to paternal care. This suggests that both mother-child and father-child relationships may have short and long-term consequences for positive mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Stafford
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, 33 Bedford Place, LondonWC1B 5JU, UK
| | - Diana L. Kuh
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, 33 Bedford Place, LondonWC1B 5JU, UK
| | - Catharine R. Gale
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gita Mishra
- School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marcus Richards
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, 33 Bedford Place, LondonWC1B 5JU, UK
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44
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Is harsh caregiving effective in toddlers with low inhibitory control? An experimental study in the food domain. Infant Behav Dev 2016; 43:5-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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45
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Steinberg EA, Drabick DAG. A Developmental Psychopathology Perspective on ADHD and Comorbid Conditions: The Role of Emotion Regulation. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2015; 46:951-66. [PMID: 25662998 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-015-0534-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Research investigating attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and co-occurring disorders such as oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, anxiety, and depression has surged in popularity; however, the developmental relations between ADHD and these comorbid conditions remain poorly understood. The current paper uses a developmental psychopathology perspective to examine conditions commonly comorbid with ADHD during late childhood through adolescence. First, we present evidence for ADHD and comorbid disorders. Next, we discuss emotion regulation and its associations with ADHD. The role of parenting behaviors in the development and maintenance of emotion regulation difficulties and comorbid disorders among children with ADHD is explored. An illustrative example of emotion regulation and parenting over the course of development is provided to demonstrate bidirectional relations among these constructs. We then present an integrated conceptual model of emotion regulation as a shared risk process that may lead to different comorbid conditions among children with ADHD. Implications and directions for future research are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Steinberg
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
| | - Deborah A G Drabick
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
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46
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Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Behavioral Stability and Change in Children 6-36 months of Age Using Louisville Twin Study Data. Behav Genet 2015; 45:610-21. [PMID: 26477572 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-015-9759-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The Infant Behavior Record (IBR) from the Bayley Scales of Infant Development has been used to study behavioral development since the 1960s. Matheny (1983) examined behavioral development at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months from the Louisville Twin Study (LTS). The extracted temperament scales included Task Orientation, Affect-Extraversion, and Activity. He concluded that monozygotic twins were more similar than same-sex dizygotic twins on these dimensions. Since this seminal work was published, a larger LTS sample and more advanced analytical methods are available. In the current analyses, Choleksy decomposition was applied to behavioral data (n = 1231) from twins 6-36 months. Different patterns of genetic continuity vs genetic innovations were identified for each IBR scale. Single common genetic and shared environmental factors explained cross-age twin similarity in the Activity scale. Multiple shared environmental factors and a single genetic factor coming on line at age 18 months contributed to Affect-Extraversion. A single shared environmental factor and multiple genetic factors explained cross-age twin similarity in Task Orientation.
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47
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Hirschler-Guttenberg Y, Feldman R, Ostfeld-Etzion S, Laor N, Golan O. Self- and Co-regulation of Anger and Fear in Preschoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Role of Maternal Parenting Style and Temperament. J Autism Dev Disord 2015; 45:3004-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s10803-015-2464-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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48
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Hu T, Zhang D, Wang J, Mistry R, Ran G, Wang X. Relation between emotion regulation and mental health: a meta-analysis review. Psychol Rep 2014; 114:341-62. [PMID: 24897894 DOI: 10.2466/03.20.pr0.114k22w4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This meta-analysis examined the relationship between emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression) and mental health (measured by life-satisfaction, positive affect, depression, anxiety, and negative affect). 48 studies, which included 51 independent samples, 157 effect sizes, and 21,150 participants, met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that cognitive reappraisal was correlated significantly and positively with positive indicators of mental health (r = .26) and negatively with negative indicators of mental health (r = -.20). Expressive suppression was correlated negatively with positive indicators of mental health (r = -.12), and positively with negative indicators of mental health (r =.15). Expressive suppression was correlated positively with positive indicators of mental health within the category of samples with Western cultural values (r = -.11) but not the category with Eastern cultural values. Moreover, the correlation of expressive suppression and negative indicators of mental health was stronger in the Western cultural values category (r = .19) than in the Eastern cultural values category (r = .06). Therefore, it is necessary for follow-up studies about emotion regulation and mental health to consider some moderator variable like the culture.
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49
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Xia LX, Gao X, Wang Q, Hollon SD. The relations between interpersonal self-support traits and emotion regulation strategies: a longitudinal study. J Adolesc 2014; 37:779-86. [PMID: 25086455 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Although several cross-sectional surveys have shown that certain traits such as extraversion and neuroticism are related to emotion regulation, few studies have explored the nature of this relationship. The present study tried to explore the longitudinal relation between traits and emotion regulation strategies. The Interpersonal Self-Support Scale for Middle School Students (ISSS-MSS) and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) were administrated to 374 middle school students two times across a 6-month interval. A path analysis via structural equation modeling of the five interpersonal self-support traits and the two emotion regulation strategies was tested. The results showed that interpersonal independence predicted expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal, and that interpersonal initiative also predicted reappraisal, while reappraisal predicted interpersonal flexibility and interpersonal openness 6 month later. These results support the hypotheses that some personality traits influence certain emotion regulation strategies, while other traits may be influenced by specific emotion regulation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Xiang Xia
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China; Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Xin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China; Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China
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50
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Conner CM, Maddox BB, White SW. Parents' state and trait anxiety: relationships with anxiety severity and treatment response in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders. J Autism Dev Disord 2013; 43:1811-8. [PMID: 23224592 PMCID: PMC11097144 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-012-1728-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Comorbid anxiety is common among children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and parents of children with ASD are more likely to have anxiety disorders. This study investigated the relationship between parents' state and trait anxiety and parent-reported internalizing and externalizing symptoms among adolescents (n = 30) with ASD, as well as the relationship of parents' anxiety symptoms and adolescent treatment response in the context of a randomized controlled trial. Parental state anxiety correlated with severity of adolescent anxiety, and trait anxiety in parents correlated with parent-reported adolescent internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Also, parents of adolescent treatment responders experienced a decrease in their own trait anxiety. Findings highlight the importance of considering parental anxiety when targeting anxiety among youth with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin M Conner
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 109 Williams Hall (0436), Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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