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Normann SS, Beck IH, Nielsen F, Andersen MS, Bilenberg N, Jensen TK, Andersen HR. Prenatal exposure to pyrethroids and chlorpyrifos and IQ in 7-year-old children from the Odense Child Cohort. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2024; 103:107352. [PMID: 38636567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2024.107352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organophosphates and pyrethroids are two major groups of insecticides used for crop protection worldwide. They are neurotoxicants and exposure during vulnerable windows of brain development may have long-term impact on human neurodevelopment. Only few longitudinal studies have investigated associations between prenatal exposure to these substances and intelligence quotient (IQ) at school age in populations with low, mainly dietary, exposure. OBJECTIVE To investigate associations between maternal urinary concentrations of insecticide metabolites at gestational week 28 and IQ in offspring at 7-years of age. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data was derived from the Odense Child Cohort (OCC). Metabolites of chlorpyrifos (TCPy) and pyrethroids (3-PBA, cis- and trans-DCCA, 4-F-3PBA, cis-DBCA) were measured in maternal urine collected at gestational week (GW) 28. An abbreviated version of the Danish Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children fifth edition (WISC-V) consisting of four subtests to estimate full scale IQ (FSIQ) was administered by trained psychologists. Data were analyzed by use of multiple linear regression and adjusted for confounders. RESULTS 812 mother/child-pairs were included. Median concentrations were 0.21 μg/L for 3-PBA, 1.67 μg/L for TCPy and the mean IQ for children were 99.4. Null association between maternal 3-PBA and child IQ at 7 years was seen, but with trends suggesting an inverse association. There was a significant association for maternal TCPy and child IQ at mid-level exposure. Trans-DCCA above the level of detection (LOD) was also associated with slightly lower child IQ, but the association was also not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS We found no significant associations between maternal 3-PBA metabolites and child IQ at 7 years, but with trends suggesting an inverse association. A non-significant trend between maternal TCPy exposure and child IQ in 7-year-children was seen even in this low exposed population. Given the widespread exposure and increasing use of insecticides, this should be elaborated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Søgaard Normann
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Iben Have Beck
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Flemming Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Niels Bilenberg
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Mental Health Services in Region of Southern Denmark, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tina Kold Jensen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; OPEN Patient data Explorative Network, Odense, Denmark
| | - Helle Raun Andersen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Bleil ME, Roisman GI, Hamilton DT, Magro SW, Appelhans BM, Gregorich SE, Booth-LaForce C, Pianta RC. Which aspects of education are health protective? a life course examination of early education and adulthood cardiometabolic health in the 30-year study of early child care and Youth Development (SECCYD). BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1092. [PMID: 38641792 PMCID: PMC11031877 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18560-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Past research describes robust associations between education and health, yet findings have generally been limited to the examination of education as the number of years of education or educational attainment. Little is known about the specific features or processes underpinning education that are health protective. The objective of the current study was to address this gap by examining specific aspects of early education pertaining to student characteristics and experiences, as well as features of the classroom environment, in predicting cardiometabolic health in adulthood. METHODS Subjects were 1364 participants in the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD, 1991-2009) and recent SECCYD 30-year follow-up, the Study of Health in Early and Adult Life (SHINE, 2018-2022). Models examined individual education indicators (student social skills, student-teacher relationship quality, and classroom emotional and instructional quality in the period of elementary school and student academic performance between ages 54 months and 15 years) in relation to a composite of cardiometabolic risk in adulthood (ages 26-31), reflecting central adiposity, blood pressure, insulin resistance, inflammation, and dyslipidemia. Models were adjusted for key explanatory factors including socio-demographics, infant characteristics, parental socioeconomic status (SES), and child health status. Follow-up analyses were performed to test potential mediators of early education effects on adult health, including adult SES (educational attainment, household income) and health behaviors (diet quality, activity level, sleep duration, smoking). RESULTS In adjusted models, results showed greater student social skills, indexed by a mean of annual teacher ratings between kindergarten and 6th grade, predicted lower cardiometabolic risk in adulthood (β=-0.009, p <.05). In follow-up analyses, results showed the protective effect of student social skills on cardiometabolic risk may be mediated by adult income (β=-0.0014, p <.05) and diet quality (β=-0.0031, p <.05). Effects of the other early education indicators were non-significant (ps > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Findings point to the potential significance of early student social competence as a link to long-term health, possibly via the acquisition of resources needed for the maintenance of health, as well as through engagement in health behaviors supporting healthy eating. However, more research is needed to replicate these findings and to elaborate on the role of early student social competence and the pathways explaining its effects on cardiometabolic health in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Bleil
- Department of Child, Family, & Population Health Nursing, University of Washington, 98195, Seattle, WA, Box 357262, USA.
| | - Glenn I Roisman
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Deven T Hamilton
- Center for Studies in Demography & Ecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sophia W Magro
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Bradley M Appelhans
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Steven E Gregorich
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Cathryn Booth-LaForce
- Department of Child, Family, & Population Health Nursing, University of Washington, 98195, Seattle, WA, Box 357262, USA
| | - Robert C Pianta
- School of Education & Human Development, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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Serasinghe N, Vepsäläinen H, Lehto R, Abdollahi AM, Erkkola M, Roos E, Ray C. Associations between socioeconomic status, home food availability, parental role-modeling, and children's fruit and vegetable consumption: a mediation analysis. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1037. [PMID: 37259139 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15879-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent literature has suggested that associations and interactions between family socioeconomic status (SES) and home food environment influence children's diet, but little is known about the mediation roles of parental role-modeling and food availability in the socioeconomic inequalities of children's diet. This study aimed to determine the associations between family SES and children's fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption and to assess the mediation roles of parental role-modeling and food availability in the above associations. METHODS Cross-sectional data of 574 Finnish children (aged 3 to 6) were analyzed. Parents completed an FFQ assessing their children's FV consumption frequency and a questionnaire assessing SES and home food environment. Two exposure variables: parental educational level ("low", "middle", and "high") and the relative family income tertiles of the family were used. The frequencies of parental role-modeling of FV and sugary food and drink (SFD) consumption, and the availability of FV and SFD at home were calculated. Single- and multiple-mediator models were created using IBM SPSS 27.0. RESULTS The positive association between high parental educational level and children's FV consumption (direct effect coefficient: 2.76, 95% CI: 0.51-4.86) was partially mediated by more frequent parental role-modeling of FV consumption (indirect effect coefficient: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.10-1.76), higher availability of FV (indirect effect coefficient: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.35-1.77), and lower availability of SFD (indirect effect coefficient: -0.30, 95% CI: -0.72 - -0.01). The relative family income was not directly associated with the outcome. However, the higher relative family income level indirectly predicted the Children's FV consumption (full mediation) through more frequent parental role-modeling of FV consumption (indirect effect coefficient: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.06-1.83) and higher availability of FV (indirect effect coefficient: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.40-1.67). Parental role-modeling on SFD consumption did not mediate any of the above associations. CONCLUSIONS Parental educational level showed more associations with children's FV consumption than relative family income. Our findings suggest that reducing the availability of SFD is as important as increasing the availability of FV to enhance children's FV consumption. Future interventions to improve children's dietary behaviors should pay greater attention to the lower SES segments of society. Longitudinal studies and intervention studies supporting these findings are needed for making meaningful recommendations for health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithya Serasinghe
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Topeliuksenkatu 20, Helsinki, 00250, Finland.
| | - Henna Vepsäläinen
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Reetta Lehto
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Topeliuksenkatu 20, Helsinki, 00250, Finland
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Anna M Abdollahi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Maijaliisa Erkkola
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Eva Roos
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Topeliuksenkatu 20, Helsinki, 00250, Finland
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
- Department of Food Studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Carola Ray
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Topeliuksenkatu 20, Helsinki, 00250, Finland
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
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Ray C, van der Borgh-Sleddens E, Augusta de Oliveira Figueiredo R, Gubbels J, Bjelland M, Roos E. Psychometric properties of the item-reduced version of the comprehensive general parenting questionnaire for caregivers of preschoolers in a Finnish context. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270869. [PMID: 35925931 PMCID: PMC9352000 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
Many instruments for assessing general parenting have been reported as burdensome and are thus seldom used in studies exploring children’s energy balance-related behaviors or weight. This study evaluates the factorial structure of the item-reduced version of the Comprehensive General Parenting Questionnaire (CGPQ), which assesses five constructs of general parenting.
Methods
The study uses data from two cross-sectional studies: Study 1 in 2014 (n = 173) and Study 2 in 2015–16 (n = 805). Parents of children aged three to six answered the CGPQ; in Study 1 the 69-item version, and in Study 2 the 29-item version. The reduction was based on the results of the confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) in Study 1. In both datasets, internal consistency, as Cronbach’s alphas and intraclass correlations between the items of each construct, was tested. A combined assessment of the CFA and items response theory evaluated the construct validity and the item importance for the 29-item version, and a further the reduced 22-item version.
Results
In Study 1, the highest Cronbach’s alphas were shown for the five constructs in the 69-item version. A higher intraclass correlation was found between the constructs in the 69- and 29-item versions, than between the 69- and the 22-item version. However, a high concordance was found between the constructs in the 29- and 22-item versions in both Study 1 and in Study 2 (0.76–1.00). Testing the goodness-of-fit of the CFA models revealed that the 22-item model fulfilled all the criteria, showing that it had a better factorial structure than the 29-item model. Standard estimations ranged from 0.20 to 0.76 in the 22-item version.
Conclusion
The reduced 22- and 29-item versions of the 69-item CGPQ showed good model fit, the 22-item version the better of the two. These short versions can be used to assess general parenting without overburdening the respondents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Ray
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | - Jessica Gubbels
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mona Bjelland
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eva Roos
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Food studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Boelens M, Raat H, Wijtzes AI, Schouten GM, Windhorst DA, Jansen W. Associations of socioeconomic status indicators and migrant status with risk of a low vegetable and fruit consumption in children. SSM Popul Health 2022; 17:101039. [PMID: 35198723 PMCID: PMC8841774 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is important to provide insight in potential target groups for interventions to reduce socioeconomic inequalities in children's vegetable/fruit consumption. In earlier studies often single indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) or migrant status have been used. However, SES is a multidimensional concept and different indicators may measure different SES dimensions. Our objective is to explore multiple associations of SES indicators and migrant status with risk of a low vegetable/fruit consumption in a large multi-ethnic and socioeconomically diverse sample of children. Methods We included 5,010 parents of 4- to 12-year-olds from a Dutch public health survey administered in 2018. Cross-sectional associations of parental education, material deprivation, perceived financial difficulties, neighbourhood socioeconomic status (NSES) and migrant status with low (≤4 days a week) vegetable and fruit consumption in children were assessed using multilevel multivariable logistic regression models. Results are displayed as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Of the 4- to 12-year-olds, 22.1% had a low vegetable consumption and 11.9% a low fruit consumption. Low (OR 2.51; 95%CI: 2.05, 3.07) and intermediate (OR 1.83; 95%CI: 1.54, 2.17) parental education, material deprivation (OR 1.45; 95%CI: 1.19, 1.76), low NSES (OR 1.28; 95%CI: 1.04, 1.58) and a non-Western migrant status (OR 1.94; 95%CI: 1.66, 2.26) were associated with a higher risk of a low vegetable consumption. Low (OR 1.68; 95%CI: 1.31, 2.17) and intermediate (OR 1.39; 95%CI: 1.12, 1.72) parental education and material deprivation (OR 1.63; 95%CI: 11.27, 2.08) were also associated with a higher risk of a low fruit consumption. Conclusion Our findings indicate associations of multiple SES indicators and migrant status with a higher risk of a low vegetable/fruit consumption in children and thus help to identify potential target groups. Vegetable and fruit consumptions on 4 days or less a week is reported for respectively 22.1% and 11.9% of children. Children's vegetable but not fruit consumption differs between neighbourhoods. A non-Western migrant status and a low socio-economic status of the neighbourhood are associated with low vegetable consumption. Low/intermediate education and material deprivation are associated with low vegetable and fruit consumption. This study provides clues to potential entry points for reducing inequalities in vegetable and fruit consumption.
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COSTA MD, CHAPANSKI VDR, CREMA AFDA, MENONCIN BLV, HÖFELMANN DA, FRAIZ FC. Untreated early childhood caries: the role of parental eating behavior. Braz Oral Res 2022; 36:e010. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Kone J, Bartels IM, Valkenburg-van Roon AA, Visscher TLS. Parents' perception of health promotion: What do parents think of a healthy lifestyle in parenting and the impact of the school environment? A qualitative research in the Netherlands. J Pediatr Nurs 2022; 62:e148-e155. [PMID: 34556369 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed at gaining insight into parents' perceptions towards health behaviour in parenting and the impact of the school environment. Healthcare professionals experience barriers to discuss health behaviour in families where levels of overweight and obesity are elevated. There is a need to understand parents' perception and perceived significance of health behaviour. DESIGN AND METHODS Sixty-three semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents of children from three primary schools located in two different neighbourhoods in Zwolle, the Netherlands. Parents were asked to formulate their top three priority goals in parenting, additionally supplemented with 15 predetermined goals, including a health behaviour related goal. Parents ranked the goals in order of importance and gave an explanation. Finally, parents shared their opinions regarding the school environment in promoting health behaviour, according to the EnrG framework. RESULTS In 8 out of 63 interviews, health was reported in the top three self-formulated goals. Other goals considered important were happiness and being respectful to others. When health was ranked as less important in parenting, routine of health behaviour, own beliefs and religion were given as explanations. The physical school environment and teachers were mentioned as important factors in promoting health behaviour. CONCLUSIONS Parents indicate health behaviour as a key-element in parenting, even when health behaviour is not considered as the most important priority. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Since school is perceived as a logical and powerful environment, healthcare professionals should collaborate with school staff to empower their own, teachers' and parents' roles to address health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordy Kone
- Windesheim University of Applied Sciences, Research Group Healthy Cities, Zwolle, the Netherlands; Windesheim University of Applied Sciences, School of Nursing, Zwolle, the Netherlands; Hanze University of Applied Sciences, School of Health Care Studies, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Ine-Marije Bartels
- Windesheim University of Applied Sciences, Research Group Healthy Cities, Zwolle, the Netherlands
| | | | - Tommy L S Visscher
- Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Research and Education, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Li K, Fan JX, Wen M, Zhang Q. WIC Participation and Dietary Quality among US Children: Impact of the 2009 Food Package Revision. JOURNAL OF HUNGER & ENVIRONMENTAL NUTRITION 2022; 17:445-459. [PMID: 36777812 PMCID: PMC9910511 DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2022.2070444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the WIC program at improving children's dietary quality and to evaluate whether the 2009 food benefit revision further improved the WIC program. A sample of 1,753 children aged between 2 to 4 years from the 2005-2008 and 2011-2016 NHANES was analyzed using a propensity score weighted difference-in-difference approach. Results show that WIC-participating children scored 2.98 points higher (SD: 0.89; P<0.01) in HEI-2015 total scores compared with income-eligible non-participants during 2011-2016. No significant change was observed in the differences of HEI-2015 scores between WIC participants and eligible non-participants from 2005-2008 to 2011-2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelin Li
- Department of Sociology, California State University Dominguez Hills
| | - Jessie X. Fan
- Department of Family and Consumer Studies, University of Utah
| | - Ming Wen
- Department of Sociology, University of Utah
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Community & Environmental Health, Old Dominion University,Please address correspondence to Dr. Qi Zhang, School of Community & Environmental Health, Old Dominion University, 3130 Health Sciences Building, Norfolk, VA 23529. Phone: 757-683-6870.
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Papamichael MM, Moschonis G, Mavrogianni C, Liatis S, Makrilakis K, Cardon G, De Vylder F, Kivelä J, Flores-Barrantes P, Imre R, Moreno L, Iotova V, Usheva N, Tankova T, Manios Y. Fathers' daily intake of fruit and vegetables is positively associated with children's fruit and vegetable consumption patterns in Europe: The Feel4Diabetes Study. J Hum Nutr Diet 2021; 35:337-349. [PMID: 34523158 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Past research has focused on the relationship between mothers' and children's eating habits, although little is known about fathers as potential agents. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between fathers' and children's fruit and vegetable (FV) intake in the context of fathers' education level and family income insecurity. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis using baseline data from the multicentre Feel4Diabetes Study were collected in 2016. Participants were parent-dyads (fathers, n = 10,038) and school children (n = 12,041) from six European countries. Socio-demographic and dietary data were collected using questionnaires. Associations were assessed applying the multinomial logistic regression model. RESULTS Overall, European children have low FV intake, especially in Southern European countries (Greece, Spain and Hungary). Children with fathers consuming FV daily were more likely to consume fresh fruit (odds ratio [OR] = 2.75; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.95-3.88) and vegetables (OR = 2.55; 95% CI = 1.80-3.60) 1-2 times per day. After adjusting for paternal educational level and family income insecurity significant associations remained for fresh fruit (ORadj = 2.59; 95% CI = 1.82-3.69) and vegetables (ORadj = 1.98; 95% CI = 1.38-2.86). Country differences showed that fathers' educational level and income insecurity might be important factors worth considering for FV intake in Greece. CONCLUSIONS The present study showed that fathers' FV intake was positively associated with children's daily intake of these foods. Implementation of future population-based strategies promoting FV intake not only in mothers, but also in fathers could be an effective public health initiative to increase FV intake in children. Policy-makers should give special attention to families dwelling in Southern European regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Michelle Papamichael
- Department of Dietetics, Nutrition and Sport, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - George Moschonis
- Department of Dietetics, Nutrition and Sport, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Mavrogianni
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Stavros Liatis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Laiko General Hospital Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Makrilakis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Laiko General Hospital Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Greet Cardon
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Flore De Vylder
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jemina Kivelä
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paloma Flores-Barrantes
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto De Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rurik Imre
- Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Luis Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Violeta Iotova
- Department of Paediatrics, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Natalya Usheva
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Care Organisation, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Tsvetalina Tankova
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Agri-food and Life Sciences (Agro-Health), Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Yannis Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.,Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre, Heraklion, Greece
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Almeida C, Azevedo J, Gregório MJ, Barros R, Severo M, Padrão P. Parental practices, preferences, skills and attitudes on food consumption of pre-school children: Results from Nutriscience Project. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251620. [PMID: 34033667 PMCID: PMC8148319 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between family environment and child’s eating behaviors is well established but a multidimensional approach to study this relation is lacking. This study aimed to assess the proprieties of a questionnaire created to evaluate parental practices, preferences, skills and attitudes regarding fruit and vegetables (F&V), sugar and salt. Participants (n = 714) were families of pre-school children (aged 2–6 years old) of the Nutriscience Project–a web-based gamification program–who answered a questionnaire assessing socio-demographic characteristics, nutrition knowledge, and a scale evaluating parental practices, preferences, skills and attitudes, at the baseline of the project. Exploratory factorial analysis was applied to the scale: 21 items and 5 factors were extracted (52.4% of explained variance) with a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value of 0.770: 1. Modelling/active promotion of F&V consumption (α = 0.73), 2. Skills for choosing/preparing healthy food (α = 0.75), 3. Food preferences and satiety perception (α = 0.70), 4. Awareness regarding sugar/salt intake (α = 0.61), 5. Allowance regarding F&V consumption (α = 0.55). Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were conducted to compare factors according to socio-demographic characteristics. Higher scores for parental modelling and active promotion of F&V consumption were observed in older parents, those with higher nutrition knowledge and who reported to live without income difficulties. Regarding food preferences, higher scores were observed in mothers, with higher nutrition knowledge and from higher educated groups. Higher awareness regarding salt and sugar consumption were observed in older parents, with higher education, higher nutrition knowledge and with female children. Older parents and with female children also registered higher scores of skills for choosing/preparing healthy food. The scale showed satisfactory proprieties and may contribute to assess family food environment using a multidimensional approach. It also highlighted the importance of considering socio-demographic characteristics in interventions to promote healthy eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Almeida
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Azevedo
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal | ITR—Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional
- Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria João Gregório
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Barros
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal | ITR—Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional
| | - Milton Severo
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal | ITR—Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Padrão
- Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal | ITR—Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional
- * E-mail:
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Mekonnen T, Havdal HH, Lien N, O'Halloran SA, Arah OA, Papadopoulou E, Gebremariam MK. Mediators of socioeconomic inequalities in dietary behaviours among youth: A systematic review. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e13016. [PMID: 32162413 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Children and adolescents with a lower socioeconomic position have poorer dietary behaviours compared to their counterparts with a higher socioeconomic position. A better understanding of the mechanisms behind such socioeconomic inequalities is vital to identify targets for interventions aimed at tackling these inequalities. This systematic review aimed to summarize existing evidence regarding the mediators of socioeconomic differences in dietary behaviours among youth. A systematic literature search of MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases yielded 20 eligible studies. The dietary behaviours included in the reviewed studies were the intake of fruit and vegetables, sugar-sweetened beverages, unhealthy snacks/fast food and breakfast. The consistent mediators of the effects of socioeconomic position on dietary behaviours among youth were: self-efficacy, food preferences and knowledge at the intrapersonal level; and availability and accessibility of food items at home, food rules and parental modelling at the interpersonal level. Few studies including mediators at the organisational, community or policy levels were found. Our review found several modifiable factors at the intrapersonal and interpersonal levels that could be targeted in interventions aimed at combating inequalities in dietary behaviours among youth. Rigorous studies exploring organisational, community and policy level mediators are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teferi Mekonnen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanne Hennig Havdal
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Nanna Lien
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Siobhan Anne O'Halloran
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Onyebuchi A Arah
- Department of Epidemiology and Department of Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), California, USA
| | - Eleni Papadopoulou
- Department of Environmental Exposure and Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
| | - Mekdes Kebede Gebremariam
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
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Assari S, Boyce S, Bazargan M, Caldwell CH. African Americans' Diminished Returns of Parental Education on Adolescents' Depression and Suicide in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2020; 10:656-668. [PMID: 32656052 PMCID: PMC7351357 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe10020048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate racial and ethnic differences in the protective effects of parental education and marital status against adolescents' depressed mood and suicidal attempts in the U.S. As proposed by the Marginalization-related Diminished Returns (MDRs), parental education generates fewer tangible outcomes for non-White compared to White families. Our existing knowledge is very limited regarding diminished returns of parental education and marital status on adolescents' depressed mood and suicidal attempts. To compare racial groups for the effects of parental education and marital status on adolescents' depressed mood and suicidal attempt. This cross-sectional study included 7076 non-Hispanic White or African American 8-11 years old adolescents from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. The independent variables were parental education and marital status. The main outcomes were depressed mood and suicidal attempts based on parents' reports using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS). Age and gender were the covariates. Race was the moderator. Logistic regression was used to analyze the ABCD data. Overall, parental education was associated with lower odds of depressed mood (OR = 0.81; 95% CI = 0.67-0.99; p = 0.037) and having married parents was associated with lower odds of suicidal attempts (OR = 0.50; 95% CI = 0.28-0.91; p = 0.022). In the pooled sample, we found interaction terms between race with parental education and marital status on the outcomes, suggesting that the protective effect of having married parents against depressed mood (OR = 1.54; 95% CI = 1.00-2.37; p = 0.048) and the protective effect of having married parents against suicidal attempts (OR = 6.62; 95% CI = 2.21-19.86; p =0.001) are weaker for African Americans when compared to Whites. The protective effects of parent education and marital status against depressed mood and suicidal attempts are diminished for African American adolescents compared to White adolescents. There is a need for programs and interventions that equalize not only socioeconomic status (SES) but also the marginal returns of SES for racial minority groups. Such efforts require addressing structural and societal barriers that hinder African American families from translating their SES resources and human capital into tangible outcomes. There is a need for studies that can minimize MDRs for African American families, so that every individual and every family can benefit from their resources regardless of their skin color. To achieve such a goal, we need to help middle-class African American families secure tangible outcomes in the presence of SES resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shervin Assari
- Department of Family Medicine, Charles R Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-734-232-0445; Fax: +1-734-615-8739
| | - Shanika Boyce
- Department of Pediatrics, Charles R Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA;
| | - Mohsen Bazargan
- Department of Family Medicine, Charles R Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA;
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Cleopatra H. Caldwell
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
- Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture, and Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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The association of parenting practices with toddlers' dietary intake and BMI, and the moderating role of general parenting and child temperament. Public Health Nutr 2020; 23:2521-2529. [PMID: 32423508 PMCID: PMC7550897 DOI: 10.1017/s136898002000021x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The objective was to examine the association between parenting practices, toddler’s dietary intake and BMI. In addition, potential moderation of these associations by general parenting and child temperament was examined. Design: The current cross-sectional study assessed parenting practices using the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire, general parenting using the Comprehensive General Parenting Questionnaire, child temperament using the Child Behavior Check List, and children’s dietary intake through parental questionnaires. Children’s weight and length were objectively measured to determine BMI z-scores. Associations were examined using multiple linear regression analyses. Moderation was examined using interaction terms. Setting: Home setting. Participants: 393 Dutch toddlers (age 1–3 years) and their parents recruited through fifty childcare centres and preschools in the Netherlands. Results: Various practices were related to children’s diet and BMI. For instance, the availability of healthy foods is the most important predictor of healthy dietary intake (e.g. β = –0·35 for sweets; β = 0·18 for fruit). The association of availability with a healthier diet was strongest when parents scored low on the positive parenting style dimensions, including nurturance, structure and/or behavioural control. In addition, it seemed that a high availability of healthy foods and low availability of unhealthy foods is especially beneficial for children showing withdrawal/depressive, anxious or overactive behaviour, while encouraging balance and variety is not beneficial for these children. All other practices were related to children’s diet and/or BMI as well. Conclusions: The findings underline the importance of viewing the impact of parenting practices in the context of general parenting and child temperament.
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Assari S, Boyce S, Caldwell CH, Bazargan M. Minorities' Diminished Returns of Parental Educational Attainment on Adolescents' Social, Emotional, and Behavioral Problems. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 7:E49. [PMID: 32443584 PMCID: PMC7278850 DOI: 10.3390/children7050049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aim: To compare racial groups for the effect of parental educational attainment on adolescents' social, emotional, and behavioral problems. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 10,762 youth from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study were included. The independent variable was parental educational attainment. The main outcomes were 1) anxious and depressed mood, 2) withdrawn and depressed affect, 3) somatic complaints, 4) social and interpersonal problems, 5) thought problems, 6) rule-breaking behaviors, 7) attention problems, and 8) violent and aggressive behaviors. These scores were generated based on parent-reported behavioral problems measured using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Race and ethnicity were the moderators. Linear regression was used to analyze the ABCD data. Results: Overall, high parental educational attainment was associated with lower scores across all domains. Race and ethnicity showed statistically significant interactions with parental educational attainment on adolescents' fewer social, emotional, and behavioral problems (all domains), net of all confounders, indicating smaller tangible gains from their parental educational attainment for Black and Hispanic compared to non-Hispanic White adolescents. Conclusion: The protective effects of parental education against social, emotional, and behavioral problems are systematically diminished for Hispanic and Black than non-Hispanic White adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shervin Assari
- Department of Family Medicine, Charles R Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA;
| | - Shanika Boyce
- Department of Pediatrics, Charles R Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA;
| | - Cleopatra H. Caldwell
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA;
- Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture, and Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA
| | - Mohsen Bazargan
- Department of Family Medicine, Charles R Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA;
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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15
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A Cross-Sectional Study on the Relationship between the Family Nutrition Climate and Children's Nutrition Behavior. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102344. [PMID: 31581699 PMCID: PMC6836050 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Parents influence their children’s nutrition behavior. The relationship between parental influences and children’s nutrition behavior is often studied with a focus on the dyadic interaction between the parent and the child. However, parents and children are part of a broader system: the family. We investigated the relationship between the family nutrition climate (FNC), a family-level concept, and children’s nutrition behavior. Methods: Parents of primary school-aged children (N = 229) filled in the validated family nutrition climate (FNC) scale. This scale measures the families’ view on the consumption of healthy nutrition, consisting of four different concepts: value, communication, cohesion, and consensus. Parents also reported their children’s nutrition behavior (i.e., fruit, vegetable, water, candy, savory snack, and soda consumption). Multivariate linear regression analyses, correcting for potential confounders, were used to assess the relationship between the FNC scale (FNC-Total; model 1) and the different FNC subscales (model 2) and the child’s nutrition behavior. Results: FNC-Total was positively related to fruit and vegetable intake and negatively related to soda consumption. FNC-value was a significant predictor of vegetable (positive) and candy intake (negative), and FNC-communication was a significant predictor of soda consumption (negative). FNC-communication, FNC-cohesion, and FNC-consensus were significant predictors (positive, positive, and negative, respectively) of water consumption. Conclusions: The FNC is related to children’s nutrition behavior and especially to the consumption of healthy nutrition. These results imply the importance of taking the family-level influence into account when studying the influence of parents on children’s nutrition behavior. Trial registration: Dutch Trial Register NTR6716 (registration date 27 June 2017, retrospectively registered), METC163027, NL58554.068.16, Fonds NutsOhra project number 101.253.
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Haidar A, Ranjit N, Saxton D, Hoelscher DM. Perceived Parental and Peer Social Support Is Associated With Healthier Diets in Adolescents. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2019; 51:23-31. [PMID: 30635106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigate associations between perceived parental/peer support for a healthy diet and adolescent dietary behaviors using data from the 2009-2011 School Physical Activity and Nutrition (SPAN) survey. DESIGN A secondary analysis of SPAN, a cross-sectional statewide study using a validated self-administered questionnaire, assessed obesity-related behaviors. SETTING Probability-based sample of Texas 8th- and 11th-grade students. PARTICIPANTS A total of 6,716 8th- and 11th-grade students. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Obtained by self-report and included sugary beverage consumption, fruit and vegetable intake, and SPAN healthy eating score. ANALYSIS Multiple logistic regression and linear regression were used to determine associations, controlling for demographic variables. RESULTS For every 1-point increase in parental support (range, 0-12), adolescents had 1.19 times higher odds of consuming ≥1 fruits or vegetables/d (P < .001) and 1.1 times lower odds of consuming ≥2 sugary beverages/d (P < .05), and had a SPAN healthy eating score (range, -100 to 100) that was 1.6 points higher (P < .001). For every 1-point increase in peer support, adolescents had 1.14 times higher odds of consuming ≥1 fruits and vegetables/d (P < .001) and a higher SPAN healthy eating score (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Parental/peer support was associated with healthier dietary behaviors. Future research could conduct pre-post intervention studies to determine whether an increase in parental/peer support is associated with positive changes in healthier eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amier Haidar
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, UTHealth School of Public Health, Austin, TX.
| | - Nalini Ranjit
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, UTHealth School of Public Health, Austin, TX
| | - Debra Saxton
- Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, TX
| | - Deanna M Hoelscher
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, UTHealth School of Public Health, Austin, TX
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Hughes SO, Papaioannou MA. Maternal Predictors of Child Dietary Behaviors and Weight Status. Curr Nutr Rep 2018; 7:268-273. [DOI: 10.1007/s13668-018-0250-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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18
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Van der Geest KE, Mérelle SYM, Rodenburg G, Van de Mheen D, Renders CM. Cross-sectional associations between maternal parenting styles, physical activity and screen sedentary time in children. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:753. [PMID: 28962600 PMCID: PMC5622508 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4784-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Children’s activity level, including physical activity (PA) and screen sedentary time (SST), is influenced by environmental factors in which parents play a critical role. Different types of parenting styles may influence children’s activity level. Inconsistent results were found on the association between parenting styles and PA, and few studies tested the association between parenting styles and SST. This study examined the association between parenting styles, PA and SST and the modifying effect of children’s gender and maternal educational level on these associations. Methods Cross-sectional data were collected from parents of children aged 8–11 years old who completed a web-based non-standardized questionnaire (N = 4047). Since 85% of the questionnaires were filled in by mothers, parenting styles are mainly reported by mothers. Multiple linear regression techniques were used to assess the associations between parenting styles (authoritative, permissive, authoritarian and neglectful), and PA and SST (mean min/day). The modifying effect of children’s gender and maternal educational level on these associations was explored. P values ≤.0125 were considered as statistically significant based on the Bonferroni correction for four primary analyses. Results The neglectful parenting style was most widely used (35.3%), while the authoritarian style was least common (14.8%). No significant association was found between parenting styles and PA level. As regards SST, an authoritative parenting style was significantly associated with lower SST in boys while a neglectful parenting style was significantly associated with higher SST in both boys and girls. When the mother had a medium educational level, an authoritative parenting style was significantly associated with lower SST while neglectful parenting was significantly associated with higher SST. Conclusions No association was found between parenting styles and PA. However, an authoritative parenting style was associated with a reduction in SST and a neglectful parenting style with an increase in SST, especially in boys and in children whose mother had a medium education level. Future studies of parenting practices are needed to gain more insight into the role of parents in children’s PA and SST levels, as a basis for the development of interventions tailored to support parents in stimulating PA and reducing SST in children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Y M Mérelle
- GGD Kennemerland, Zijlweg 200, 2015, CK, Haarlem, The Netherlands
| | - G Rodenburg
- IVO, Heemraadssingel 194, 3021, DM, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D Van de Mheen
- Tranzo Scientific Center for care and welfare, Tilburg University, Warandelaan 2, 5037, AB, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - C M Renders
- Department of Health Sciences and Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081, BT, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Parental feeding styles, young children's fruit, vegetable, water and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, and the moderating role of maternal education and ethnic background. Public Health Nutr 2017; 20:2124-2133. [PMID: 28712381 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980017001409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the associations between parental feeding styles and children's dietary intakes and the modifying effect of maternal education and children's ethnicity on these associations. DESIGN Cross-sectional study of parental feeding styles, assessed by the Parental Feeding Style Questionnaire, and children's dietary intakes. Multiple regression analyses were carried out to assess the associations between the parental feeding styles studied ('control', 'emotional feeding', 'encouragement to eat' and 'instrumental feeding') and children's dietary intakes (consumption of fruit, vegetables, water and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB)). The modifying effect of maternal education and children's ethnicity on these associations was explored. SETTING North-western part of the Netherlands. SUBJECTS Children aged 3-7 years (n 5926). RESULTS Both 'encouragement' and 'control' were associated with higher consumption of vegetables and lower consumption of SSB, but only 'encouragement' was positively associated with fruit and water intakes. 'Instrumental feeding' showed a positive association with SSB and negative associations with fruit, vegetable and water consumption. No significant associations were found for 'emotional feeding'. Maternal educational level and children's ethnicity moderated some associations; for example, 'control' was beneficial for vegetable intake in all subgroups, whereas the association with SSB was beneficial only in highly educated mothers. CONCLUSIONS The study shows that both encouraging and controlling feeding styles may improve children's dietary behaviour, while 'instrumental feeding' may have a detrimental effect. Furthermore, maternal educational level and children's ethnicity influence these associations. The study's findings could provide a basis for development of interventions to improve parental feeding styles.
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Yee AZH, Lwin MO, Ho SS. The influence of parental practices on child promotive and preventive food consumption behaviors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017; 14:47. [PMID: 28399881 PMCID: PMC5387370 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0501-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 349] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The family is an important social context where children learn and adopt eating behaviors. Specifically, parents play the role of health promoters, role models, and educators in the lives of children, influencing their food cognitions and choices. This study attempts to systematically review empirical studies examining the influence of parents on child food consumption behavior in two contexts: one promotive in nature (e.g., healthy food), and the other preventive in nature (e.g., unhealthy food). Methods From a total of 6,448 titles extracted from Web of Science, ERIC, PsycINFO and PubMED, seventy eight studies met the inclusion criteria for a systematic review, while thirty seven articles contained requisite statistical information for meta-analysis. The parental variables extracted include active guidance/education, restrictive guidance/rule-making, availability, accessibility, modeling, pressure to eat, rewarding food consumption, rewarding with verbal praise, and using food as reward. The food consumption behaviors examined include fruits and vegetables consumption, sugar-sweetened beverages, and snack consumption. Results Results indicate that availability (Healthy: r = .24, p < .001; Unhealthy: r = .34, p < .001) and parental modeling effects (Healthy: r = .32, p < .001; Unhealthy: r = .35, p < .001) show the strongest associations with both healthy and unhealthy food consumption. In addition, the efficacy of some parenting practices might be dependent on the food consumption context and the age of the child. For healthy foods, active guidance/education might be more effective (r = .15, p < .001). For unhealthy foods, restrictive guidance/rule-making might be more effective (r = −.11, p < .01). For children 7 and older, restrictive guidance/rule-making could be more effective in preventing unhealthy eating (r = − .20, p < .05). For children 6 and younger, rewarding with verbal praise can be more effective in promoting healthy eating (r = .26, p < .001) and in preventing unhealthy eating (r = − .08, p < .01). Conclusions This study illustrates that a number of parental behaviors are strong correlates of child food consumption behavior. More importantly, this study highlights 3 main areas in parental influence of child food consumption that are understudied: (1) active guidance/education, (2) psychosocial mediators, and (3) moderating influence of general parenting styles. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0501-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Z H Yee
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, 31 Nanyang Link, Singapore, Singapore, 637718.
| | - May O Lwin
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, 31 Nanyang Link, Singapore, Singapore, 637718
| | - Shirley S Ho
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, 31 Nanyang Link, Singapore, Singapore, 637718
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Rodrigues D, Muc M, Rodrigues PRM, Pinto AM, Padez C. Dietary Patterns and Their Socioeconomic and Behavioral Determinants in 6- to 8-Year-Old Portuguese Children. Ecol Food Nutr 2016; 55:428-41. [DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2016.1200038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Friederichs SAH, Oenema A, Bolman C, Lechner L. Motivational interviewing and self-determination theory in a web-based computer tailored physical activity intervention: A randomized controlled trial. Psychol Health 2016; 31:907-30. [PMID: 26849996 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2016.1151018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explores whether a web-based physical activity (PA) intervention grounded in self-determination theory (SDT) and motivational interviewing (MI) is more effective and better appreciated than a traditional web-based PA intervention. DESIGN A randomized controlled trial was conducted, comparing (1) I Move; a web-based PA intervention based on SDT and MI, (2) Active Plus; a traditional web-based PA intervention and (3) a waiting list control condition. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Weekly minutes of moderate to vigorous PA and weekly days with ≥30 min PA were measured through self-report at baseline and at 3 and 6 months from baseline. RESULTS I Move achieved a small, but significant increase in weekly minutes of moderate to vigorous PA, while Active Plus did not have a significant impact on this outcome. Both interventions were effective in increasing weekly days with ≥30 min PA, whereas Active Plus yielded a greater effect on this outcome. CONCLUSION Overall, the web-based PA intervention grounded in SDT and MI did not outperform the traditional web-based PA intervention. Further research should reveal whether this type of intervention is profitable for long-term maintenance of PA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stijn A H Friederichs
- a Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences , Open University of the Netherlands , Heerlen , The Netherlands
| | - Anke Oenema
- b Department of Health Promotion , Maastricht University , Maastricht , The Netherlands
| | - Catherine Bolman
- a Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences , Open University of the Netherlands , Heerlen , The Netherlands
| | - Lilian Lechner
- a Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences , Open University of the Netherlands , Heerlen , The Netherlands
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Liang J, Matheson BE, Rhee KE, Peterson CB, Rydell S, Boutelle KN. Parental control and overconsumption of snack foods in overweight and obese children. Appetite 2016; 100:181-8. [PMID: 26911259 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The associations between snack food consumption, parent feeding practices and general parenting in overweight in obese children are largely unknown. Therefore, we examined these relationships in 117 treatment-seeking overweight and obese children (10.40 ± 1.35 years; 53% female; 52% Caucasian; BMI-z: 2.06 ± .39). Children consumed a dinner meal, completed an Eating in the Absence of Hunger (EAH) free access paradigm (total EAH intake = EAH%-total; sweet food intake = EAH%-sweet), and completed the Child Report of Parent Behavior Inventory. Parents completed the Child Feeding Questionnaire. Child EAH%-total and EAH%-sweet were positively associated with dinner consumption (p's < .01). Girls had significantly higher EAH%-total compared to boys (p < .05). In separate models, higher EAH%-total was associated with greater use of maternal psychological control (p < .05) and EAH%-sweet was positively associated with parent monitoring (p < .05). In analyses examining factors associated with the consumption of specific foods, EAH snack food, parent restriction, pressure to eat, monitoring, and maternal psychological control were positively correlated with intake of Hershey's(®) chocolate bars (p's < .05). In summary, parental monitoring is associated with child sweet snack food intake and maternal psychological control is associated with child total snack food consumption. Future research should evaluate the complex relationship between child eating and parenting, especially with regard to subgroups of foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- June Liang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Brittany E Matheson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; San Diego State University / University of California, San Diego, Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kyung E Rhee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Carol B Peterson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sarah Rydell
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kerri N Boutelle
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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Vaughn AE, Ward DS, Fisher JO, Faith MS, Hughes SO, Kremers SPJ, Musher-Eizenman DR, O'Connor TM, Patrick H, Power TG. Fundamental constructs in food parenting practices: a content map to guide future research. Nutr Rev 2016; 74:98-117. [PMID: 26724487 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuv061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 387] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although research shows that "food parenting practices" can impact children's diet and eating habits, current understanding of the impact of specific practices has been limited by inconsistencies in terminology and definitions. This article represents a critical appraisal of food parenting practices, including clear terminology and definitions, by a working group of content experts. The result of this effort was the development of a content map for future research that presents 3 overarching, higher-order food parenting constructs--coercive control, structure, and autonomy support--as well as specific practice subconstructs. Coercive control includes restriction, pressure to eat, threats and bribes, and using food to control negative emotions. Structure includes rules and limits, limited/guided choices, monitoring, meal- and snacktime routines, modeling, food availability and accessibility, food preparation, and unstructured practices. Autonomy support includes nutrition education, child involvement, encouragement, praise, reasoning, and negotiation. Literature on each construct is reviewed, and directions for future research are offered. Clear terminology and definitions should facilitate cross-study comparisons and minimize conflicting findings resulting from previous discrepancies in construct operationalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber E Vaughn
- A.E. Vaughn and D.S. Ward are with the Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. D.S. Ward is with the Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. J.O. Fisher is with the Center for Obesity Research and Education, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. M.S. Faith is with the Department of Counseling, School, and Educational Psychology, Graduate School of Education, University of Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA. S.O. Hughes and T.M. O'Connor are with the US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. S.P.J. Kremers is with the Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. D.R. Musher-Eizenman is with the Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA. H. Patrick is with LiveHealthier, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA. T.G. Power is with the Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA.
| | - Dianne S Ward
- A.E. Vaughn and D.S. Ward are with the Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. D.S. Ward is with the Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. J.O. Fisher is with the Center for Obesity Research and Education, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. M.S. Faith is with the Department of Counseling, School, and Educational Psychology, Graduate School of Education, University of Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA. S.O. Hughes and T.M. O'Connor are with the US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. S.P.J. Kremers is with the Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. D.R. Musher-Eizenman is with the Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA. H. Patrick is with LiveHealthier, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA. T.G. Power is with the Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Jennifer O Fisher
- A.E. Vaughn and D.S. Ward are with the Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. D.S. Ward is with the Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. J.O. Fisher is with the Center for Obesity Research and Education, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. M.S. Faith is with the Department of Counseling, School, and Educational Psychology, Graduate School of Education, University of Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA. S.O. Hughes and T.M. O'Connor are with the US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. S.P.J. Kremers is with the Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. D.R. Musher-Eizenman is with the Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA. H. Patrick is with LiveHealthier, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA. T.G. Power is with the Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Myles S Faith
- A.E. Vaughn and D.S. Ward are with the Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. D.S. Ward is with the Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. J.O. Fisher is with the Center for Obesity Research and Education, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. M.S. Faith is with the Department of Counseling, School, and Educational Psychology, Graduate School of Education, University of Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA. S.O. Hughes and T.M. O'Connor are with the US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. S.P.J. Kremers is with the Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. D.R. Musher-Eizenman is with the Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA. H. Patrick is with LiveHealthier, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA. T.G. Power is with the Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Sheryl O Hughes
- A.E. Vaughn and D.S. Ward are with the Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. D.S. Ward is with the Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. J.O. Fisher is with the Center for Obesity Research and Education, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. M.S. Faith is with the Department of Counseling, School, and Educational Psychology, Graduate School of Education, University of Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA. S.O. Hughes and T.M. O'Connor are with the US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. S.P.J. Kremers is with the Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. D.R. Musher-Eizenman is with the Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA. H. Patrick is with LiveHealthier, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA. T.G. Power is with the Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Stef P J Kremers
- A.E. Vaughn and D.S. Ward are with the Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. D.S. Ward is with the Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. J.O. Fisher is with the Center for Obesity Research and Education, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. M.S. Faith is with the Department of Counseling, School, and Educational Psychology, Graduate School of Education, University of Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA. S.O. Hughes and T.M. O'Connor are with the US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. S.P.J. Kremers is with the Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. D.R. Musher-Eizenman is with the Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA. H. Patrick is with LiveHealthier, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA. T.G. Power is with the Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Dara R Musher-Eizenman
- A.E. Vaughn and D.S. Ward are with the Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. D.S. Ward is with the Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. J.O. Fisher is with the Center for Obesity Research and Education, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. M.S. Faith is with the Department of Counseling, School, and Educational Psychology, Graduate School of Education, University of Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA. S.O. Hughes and T.M. O'Connor are with the US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. S.P.J. Kremers is with the Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. D.R. Musher-Eizenman is with the Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA. H. Patrick is with LiveHealthier, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA. T.G. Power is with the Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Teresia M O'Connor
- A.E. Vaughn and D.S. Ward are with the Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. D.S. Ward is with the Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. J.O. Fisher is with the Center for Obesity Research and Education, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. M.S. Faith is with the Department of Counseling, School, and Educational Psychology, Graduate School of Education, University of Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA. S.O. Hughes and T.M. O'Connor are with the US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. S.P.J. Kremers is with the Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. D.R. Musher-Eizenman is with the Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA. H. Patrick is with LiveHealthier, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA. T.G. Power is with the Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Heather Patrick
- A.E. Vaughn and D.S. Ward are with the Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. D.S. Ward is with the Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. J.O. Fisher is with the Center for Obesity Research and Education, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. M.S. Faith is with the Department of Counseling, School, and Educational Psychology, Graduate School of Education, University of Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA. S.O. Hughes and T.M. O'Connor are with the US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. S.P.J. Kremers is with the Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. D.R. Musher-Eizenman is with the Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA. H. Patrick is with LiveHealthier, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA. T.G. Power is with the Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Thomas G Power
- A.E. Vaughn and D.S. Ward are with the Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. D.S. Ward is with the Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. J.O. Fisher is with the Center for Obesity Research and Education, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. M.S. Faith is with the Department of Counseling, School, and Educational Psychology, Graduate School of Education, University of Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA. S.O. Hughes and T.M. O'Connor are with the US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. S.P.J. Kremers is with the Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. D.R. Musher-Eizenman is with the Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA. H. Patrick is with LiveHealthier, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA. T.G. Power is with the Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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Reicks M, Banna J, Cluskey M, Gunther C, Hongu N, Richards R, Topham G, Wong SS. Influence of Parenting Practices on Eating Behaviors of Early Adolescents during Independent Eating Occasions: Implications for Obesity Prevention. Nutrients 2015; 7:8783-801. [PMID: 26506384 PMCID: PMC4632451 DOI: 10.3390/nu7105431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Among early adolescents (10-14 years), poor diet quality along with physical inactivity can contribute to an increased risk of obesity and associated biomarkers for chronic disease. Approximately one-third of United States (USA) children in this age group are overweight or obese. Therefore, attention to factors affecting dietary intake as one of the primary contributors to obesity is important. Early adolescents consume foods and beverages during eating occasions that occur with and without parental supervision. Parents may influence eating behaviors of early adolescents during eating occasions when they are present or during independent eating occasions by engaging in practices that affect availability of foods and beverages, and through perceived normative beliefs and expectations for intake. Therefore, the purpose of this article was to describe the influence of parenting practices on eating behaviors in general and when specifically applied to independent eating occasions of early adolescents. This information may be helpful to inform parenting interventions targeting obesity prevention among early adolescents focusing on independent eating occasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marla Reicks
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108-6099, USA.
| | - Jinan Banna
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, Agricultural Sciences 216, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1955 East-West Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
| | - Mary Cluskey
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Nutrition, Oregon State University, 101 Milam Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331-3303, USA.
| | - Carolyn Gunther
- Department of Human Sciences, the Ohio State University, 313 Campbell Hall, 1787 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Nobuko Hongu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, 406 Shantz Building, 1177 E. 4th Street, Tucson, AZ 85721-0038, USA.
| | - Rickelle Richards
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics & Food Science, Brigham Young University, S233 Eyring Science Center, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
| | - Glade Topham
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Oklahoma State University, 243 Human Sciences, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
| | - Siew Sun Wong
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Hallie E. Ford Center for Healthy Children and Families, Extension Family and Community Health Program, Nutrition, Oregon State University, Ballard Hall 105E, Corvallis, OR 97331-3303, USA.
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Barriuso L, Miqueleiz E, Albaladejo R, Villanueva R, Santos JM, Regidor E. Socioeconomic position and childhood-adolescent weight status in rich countries: a systematic review, 1990-2013. BMC Pediatr 2015; 15:129. [PMID: 26391227 PMCID: PMC4578240 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-015-0443-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood obesity is a major problem in rich countries due to its high prevalence and its harmful health consequences. An exploratory analysis conducted in the PubMed database highlighted that the number of papers published on the relationship between socioeconomic position (SEP) and childhood-adolescent weight status had risen substantially with respect to an earlier review which had covered the period 1990–2005. Methods To describe the findings on the relationship between SEP and childhood-adolescent weight status in papers published in rich countries from 1990 through 2013, studies were identified in the following databases: PubMed; Web of Knowledge (WOK); PsycINFO; Global Health; and Embase. We included observational studies from the 27 richest OECD countries, which covered study populations aged 0 to 21 years, and used parental education, income and/or occupation as family SEP indicators. A total of 158 papers met the inclusion criteria and reported 134 bivariable and 90 multivariable analyses. Results Examination of the results yielded by the bivariable analyses showed that 60.4 % of studies found an inverse relationship, 18.7 % of studies did not found relationship, and 20.9 % of studies found a relationship that varied depending on another variable, such as age, sex or ethnic group; the corresponding percentages in the multivariable analyses were 51.1, 20.0 and 27.8 %, respectively. Furthermore, 1.1 % found a positive relationship. Conclusion The relationship between SEP and childhood-adolescent weight status in rich countries is predominantly inverse and the positive relationship almost has disappeared. The SEP indicator that yields the highest proportion of inverse relationships is parents’ education. The proportion of inverse relationships is higher when the weight status is reported by parents instead using objective measurements. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12887-015-0443-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Barriuso
- Instituto de Salud Pública y Laboral de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Estrella Miqueleiz
- Department of Sociology, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, s/n, 31006, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Romana Albaladejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rosa Villanueva
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Juana M Santos
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Enrique Regidor
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain. .,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
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Friederichs SAH, Oenema A, Bolman C, Lechner L. Long term effects of self-determination theory and motivational interviewing in a web-based physical activity intervention: randomized controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2015; 12:101. [PMID: 26283094 PMCID: PMC4538737 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-015-0262-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our main objective in the current study was to evaluate the long-term effectiveness (12 months from baseline) of I Move (a web-based computer tailored physical activity intervention, based on self-determination theory and motivational interviewing). To this end, we compared I Move to a web-based computer tailored physical activity intervention based on traditional health behavior theories (Active Plus), and to a no-intervention control group. As a secondary objective, the present study aimed to identify participant characteristics that moderate the long term effects of I Move and Active Plus. Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted, comparing three research conditions: 1) the I Move condition, participants in this condition received I Move; 2) the Active Plus condition, participants in this condition received Active Plus; 3) the control condition; participants in this condition received no intervention and were placed on a waiting list. Main outcome measures were weekly minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity and weekly days with minimal 30 min of physical activity. All measurements were taken by web-based questionnaires via the study website. Intervention effects were analyzed using multilevel linear regression analyses. Results At 12 months from baseline, I Move was found to be effective in increasing weekly minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (ES = .13), while Active Plus was not. In contrast, Active Plus was found to be effective in increasing weekly days with ≥ 30 min PA at 12 months (ES = .11), while I Move was not. No moderators of the effects of I Move were found. Conclusions The results suggest that web-based computer tailored physical activity interventions might best include elements based on both self-determination theory/motivational interviewing and traditional health behavioral theories. To be more precise, it is arguable that the focus of the theoretical foundations, used in new web-based PA interventions should depend on the intended program outcome. In order to draw firm conclusions, however, more research on the effects of self-determination theory and motivational interviewing in web-based physical activity promotion is needed. Trial registration Dutch Trial Register NTR4129
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Affiliation(s)
- Stijn A H Friederichs
- Open University of the Netherlands, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, P.O. box 2960, 6401, DL, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
| | - Anke Oenema
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Catherine Bolman
- Open University of the Netherlands, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, P.O. box 2960, 6401, DL, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
| | - Lilian Lechner
- Open University of the Netherlands, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, P.O. box 2960, 6401, DL, Heerlen, The Netherlands.
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How parental dietary behavior and food parenting practices affect children's dietary behavior. Interacting sources of influence? Appetite 2015; 89:246-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2015.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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de Jong E, Visscher TLS, HiraSing RA, Seidell JC, Renders CM. Home environmental determinants of children's fruit and vegetable consumption across different SES backgrounds. Pediatr Obes 2015; 10:134-40. [PMID: 24903612 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between home environmental determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption with childhood overweight separately for low, medium and high social economic status (SES) families. METHOD A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2006 among 4072 children aged 4-13 years in the city of Zwolle, the Netherlands. Of these children, data were available on measured height and weight, and from a parental questionnaire, on sociodemographic characteristics and children's fruit and vegetables intake. Associations were studied using logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Not eating the recommended amounts of vegetables daily was associated with overweight for children with a low SES background (odds ratio [OR]: 1.17; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.66-2.07) and medium SES background (OR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.20-2.49). Eating < 2 pieces of fruit daily was associated with a lower OR for overweight among children with a high SES background (OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.50-0.88). Determinants of eating vegetables < 7 d were: permission to take candy without asking, eating at the table < 7 d per week, eating a takeaway meal ≥ 1 d per week, eating a home cooked meal < 6 d per week and cooking together with caregiver less than 5 d per week. CONCLUSION Interventions regarding vegetable consumption should be tailored to families with low and medium SES background. The most promising avenues for intervention seem to be (i) to prevent eating takeaway meals on a weekly basis and, (ii) to promote eating a home cooked meal at the table and (iii) to involve children in the cooking process. Interventions should support parents in making these home environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E de Jong
- Research Centre for the Prevention of Overweight, VU University Amsterdam/Windesheim University of Applied Sciences, Zwolle, The Netherlands; Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Maternal depression, stress and feeding styles: towards a framework for theory and research in child obesity. Br J Nutr 2015; 113 Suppl:S55-71. [PMID: 25588385 DOI: 10.1017/s000711451400333x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Against the background of rising rates of obesity in children and adults in the USA, and modest effect sizes for obesity interventions, the aim of the present narrative review paper is to extend the UNICEF care model to focus on childhood obesity and its associated risks with an emphasis on the emotional climate of the parent-child relationship within the family. Specifically, we extended the UNICEF model by applying the systems approach to childhood obesity and by combining previously unintegrated sets of literature across multiple disciplines including developmental psychology, clinical psychology and nutrition. Specifically, we modified the extended care model by explicitly integrating new linkages (i.e. parental feeding styles, stress, depression and mother's own eating behaviour) that have been found to be associated with the development of children's eating behaviours and risk of childhood obesity. These new linkages are based on studies that were not incorporated into the original UNICEF model, but suggest important implications for childhood obesity. In all, this narrative review offers important advancements to the scientific understanding of familial influences on children's eating behaviours and childhood obesity.
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Schnettler B, Miranda H, Lobos G, Orellana L, Sepúlveda J, Denegri M, Etchebarne S, Mora M, Grunert KG. Eating habits and subjective well-being. A typology of students in Chilean state universities. Appetite 2015; 89:203-14. [PMID: 25675858 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to distinguish and characterize university student typologies according to their life satisfaction and satisfaction with their food-related life. An online survey was applied between June and August 2013 in five state universities in Chile, to 369 university students (mean age = 20.9 years, SD = 2.27). The survey included the Health-related Quality of Life Index-4 (HRQOL), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Satisfaction with Food-related Life Scale (SWFL), as well as questions about the place of residence, importance of food for well-being, frequency of meals in the place of residence and the frequency of consumption of eight food groups. A cluster analysis was used to determine student typologies. Three typologies of students were distinguished with significant differences in the average scores of the SWLS and SWFL scales, self-perception of health, days with mental health problems, number of days of health-related incapacity, place of residence, socioeconomic status, importance of food for well-being, frequency of breakfast and dinner in the place of residence, frequency of consumption of meat, milk, fruits and vegetables. It was found that most students with higher levels of life satisfaction and satisfaction with food-related life live with their parents, eat at home more frequently, report fewer health problems, have healthful eating habits and consider food very important for their well-being. Although it is necessary to promote or improve the campaigns that foster healthful eating in the entire university population, these campaigns must be specifically targeted to students who do not receive direct support from their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Schnettler
- Department of Agricultural and Livestock Production, Faculty of Farming, Livestock and Forestry Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Horacio Miranda
- Department of Agricultural and Livestock Production, Faculty of Farming, Livestock and Forestry Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Germán Lobos
- School of Commercial Engineering, Faculty of Business Sciences, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca, Chile
| | - Ligia Orellana
- Center for Economic and Consumer Psychology, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - José Sepúlveda
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Social Sciences and Humanities, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Marianela Denegri
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Social Sciences and Humanities, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Soledad Etchebarne
- Departmento of Business Administration, Faculty of Business Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 1058, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcos Mora
- Department of Agricultural Economy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 1058, Santiago, Chile
| | - Klaus G Grunert
- MAPP Centre for Research on Customer Relations in the Food Sector, Aarhus University, Nordre Ringgade 1, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
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32
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Robinson LN, Rollo ME, Watson J, Burrows TL, Collins CE. Relationships between dietary intakes of children and their parents: a cross-sectional, secondary analysis of families participating in the Family Diet Quality Study. J Hum Nutr Diet 2014; 28:443-51. [PMID: 25130863 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Being overweight and obese in Australian children is common. Current evidence related to parental influence on child dietary intake is conflicting, and is particularly limited in terms of which parent exerts the stronger relationship. The present study aimed to assess mother-father and parent-child dietary relationships and to identify which parent-child relationship is stronger. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was performed of dietary intake data from 66 families with one parent and one child aged 8-12 years who were participating in the Family Diet Quality Study, in the Hunter and Forster regions of New South Wales, Australia. Dietary intakes were assessed using adult and child specific, validated semi-quantitative 120-item food frequency questionnaires. Diet quality and variety subscores were assessed using the Australian Recommended Food Scores for adults and children/adolescents. Pearson's correlations were used to assess dietary relationships between mother-father, father-child and mother-child dyads. RESULTS Weak-to-moderate correlations were found between mother-child dyads for components of dietary intake (r = 0.27-0.47). Similarly, for father-child dyads, predominantly weak-to-moderate correlations were found (r = 0.01-0.52). Variety of fruit intake was the most strongly correlated in both parent-child dyads, with the weakest relationships found for fibre (g 1000 kJ(-1) ) in father-child and percentage energy from total fats for mother-child dyads. Mother-father dyads demonstrated mostly moderate-to-strong correlations (r = 0.13-0.73), with scores for condiments showing the weakest relationship and vegetables the strongest. For all dyads, strong correlations were observed for overall diet quality (r = 0.50-0.59). CONCLUSIONS Parent-child dietary intake is significantly related but differs for mother versus fathers. Further research is required to examine whether differing dietary components should be targeted for mothers versus fathers in interventions aiming to improve family dietary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- L N Robinson
- Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - M E Rollo
- Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - J Watson
- Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - T L Burrows
- Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - C E Collins
- Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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33
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Abstract
Children of low socio-economic position (SEP) consume poorer diets than those of high SEP; however, there is limited understanding of why socio-economic gradients in diet occur. Some evidence suggests that determinants of dietary intake may differ between SEP groups. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the associations between personal and environmental variables and children's fruit and vegetable intake, and healthy dietary behaviours are moderated by SEP. A total of 395 children aged 9 to 13 years and their parents were recruited in Adelaide, South Australia. Personal and environmental dietary predictors were measured using child-completed online questionnaires and telephone interviews with parents. Dietary intake was measured using an online FFQ. First, dietary predictors were identified using correlated component regression, and subsequently tested for moderation by four SEP indicators using partial least-squares structural equation modelling. Fruit and vegetable intake and healthy behaviours were predicted by self-efficacy, attitudes and a supportive home environment. For girls, only the associations of self-efficacy with healthy behaviours were moderated by occupation. For boys, income moderated the associations of fruit and vegetable intake with attitudes, and healthy behaviours with supportive home environments. Occupation and employment moderated the associations of boys' family environments and fruit intake, and attitudes with healthy behaviours. Reducing socio-economic disparities in children's healthy dietary intake may be more successfully achieved by tailoring health promotion policies and interventions according to variables that moderate the relationships between dietary intake and SEP.
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34
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Zarnowiecki DM, Dollman J, Parletta N. Associations between predictors of children's dietary intake and socioeconomic position: a systematic review of the literature. Obes Rev 2014; 15:375-91. [PMID: 24433310 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Socioeconomically disadvantaged children are at higher risk of consuming poor diets, in particular less fruits and vegetables and more non-core foods and sweetened beverages. Currently the drivers of socioeconomically related differences in children's dietary intake are not well understood. This systematic review explored whether dietary predictors vary for children of different socioeconomic circumstances. Seven databases and reference lists of included material were searched for studies investigating predictors of 9-13-year-old children's diet in relation to socioeconomic position. Individual- and population-based cross-sectional, cohort and epidemiological studies published in English and conducted in developed countries were included. Twenty-eight studies were included in this review; most were conducted in Europe (n = 12) or North America (n = 10). The most frequently used indicators of socioeconomic position were parent education and occupation. Predictors of children's dietary intake varied among children of different socioeconomic circumstances. Socioeconomic position was consistently associated with children's nutrition knowledge, parent modelling, home food availability and accessibility. Indeterminate associations with socioeconomic position were observed for parent feeding practices and food environment near school. Differences in the determinants of eating between socioeconomic groups provide a better understanding of the drivers of socioeconomic disparities in dietary intake, and how to develop targeted intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Zarnowiecki
- Exercise for Health and Human Performance Group, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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35
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Tung HJ, Yeh MC. Parenting style and child-feeding behaviour in predicting children's weight status change in Taiwan. Public Health Nutr 2014; 17:970-8. [PMID: 23332023 PMCID: PMC10282477 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980012005502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Revised: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children is on the rise worldwide. Prior studies find that parents' child-feeding practices are associated with child weight status and the efficacy of specific parental child-feeding practices can be moderated by parenting styles. In the current longitudinal study, we examined the associations between child-feeding practices and weight status changes over 1 year among a sample of school-aged children in Taiwan. DESIGN In autumn 2008, a child-feeding questionnaire and parenting-style questionnaire were administered to parents of the second and fourth graders in an elementary school in Taiwan. The weight and height of the students were measured by a trained school nurse in 2008 and again in 2009. SETTING An elementary school in central Taiwan. SUBJECTS A total of 465 parent-child pairs were included in the analysis. RESULTS Using a gender- and age-adjusted BMI classification scheme issued by the Taiwan Department of Health, 29·2 % of the students were considered overweight at the 2009 measurement. Controlling for 2008 weight status revealed moderating effects of parenting style on the relationship between child-feeding practices and child weight status. Both authoritative and authoritarian mothers might monitor their children's dietary intake; however, the effectiveness of this practice was better, in terms of weight status control, among the authoritative mothers. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that parenting styles have a moderating effect on specific parental child-feeding practices. Parenting styles and parent's feeding practices could be an important focus for future public health interventions addressing the rising childhood obesity epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Jui Tung
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, 500 Lioufeng Road, Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chin Yeh
- Nutrition Program, CUNY School of Public Health at Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
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36
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Rodenburg G, Kremers SPJ, Oenema A, van de Mheen D. Associations of parental feeding styles with child snacking behaviour and weight in the context of general parenting. Public Health Nutr 2014; 17:960-9. [PMID: 23527513 PMCID: PMC10282213 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980013000712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Revised: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine cross-sectional and longitudinal (one-year follow-up) associations of parental feeding styles with child snacking behaviour and weight in the context of general parenting, taking into account the multidimensionality of the controlling feeding style. DESIGN Linear regression analyses were performed. Parents completed a questionnaire to measure five feeding style dimensions (Instrumental Feeding, Emotional Feeding, Encouragement, Overt Control and Covert Control) and children's fruit, energy-dense snack and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intakes. Children's height and weight were measured to calculate their BMI Z-scores. Moderation by parenting style was tested by adding interaction terms to the regression analyses. SETTING Observational study in the Netherlands. SUBJECTS Parent-child dyads (n 1275) participating in the INPACT (IVO Nutrition and Physical Activity Child cohorT) study; children were (on average) 9 years of age. RESULTS Instrumental Feeding and Emotional Feeding were negatively related to child fruit intake one year later and positively to (changes in) child energy-dense snack intake. Encouragement was negatively related to child energy-dense snacking and SSB intake one year later. Overt Control was cross-sectionally and prospectively related to (changes in) child energy-dense snacking and SSB intake in a negative direction. Covert Control showed similar associations with child energy-dense snacking and SSB intake as Overt Control. Although Covert Control was also positively related to child fruit intake and (changes in) child BMI Z-score, bootstrapping analyses revealed only a differential effect of Overt Control and Covert Control on child BMI Z-score one year later, with Covert Control displaying a stronger, positive association. Moderation analyses showed that some significant associations between parental feeding styles and outcome measures were dependent on the degree of psychological control and behavioural control. CONCLUSIONS Instrumental Feeding and Emotional Feeding may have a detrimental impact on children's snacking behaviour, while Encouragement, Overt Control and Covert Control may lead to less energy-dense snacking and less SSB intake. Overt Control and Covert Control have differential effects on child BMI Z-score one year later, which supports the idea that they should be treated as separate constructs. Prospective studies with a longer follow-up may elucidate the causal pathways between the various feeding styles and children's snacking behaviour and weight, as well as the moderating influences of psychological and behavioural control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerda Rodenburg
- IVO Addiction Research Institute, Heemraadssingel 194, 3021 DM Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stef PJ Kremers
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anke Oenema
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dike van de Mheen
- IVO Addiction Research Institute, Heemraadssingel 194, 3021 DM Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Dietary intake by Dutch 1- to 3-year-old children at childcare and at home. Nutrients 2014; 6:304-18. [PMID: 24406847 PMCID: PMC3916863 DOI: 10.3390/nu6010304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of the current study was to assess dietary intake in a large sample (N=1016) of Dutch toddlers (1-3 years old), both at childcare and at home. Dietary intake during two weekdays was recorded using an observation format applied by childcare staff for intake at childcare, and partially pre-coded dietary journals filled out by parents for intake at home. Children's intake of energy, macronutrients and energy balance-related food groups (fruit, vegetables, sweet snacks, savoury snacks) were compared with Dutch dietary guidelines. In addition, differences between the dietary intake by various subgroups (based on gender, age, childcare attendance, socio-economic status of childcare centre) were explored using multilevel regression analyses, adjusting for nesting of children within centres. Energy intake was high relative to dietary guidelines, and children consumed more or less equal amounts of energy at home and at childcare. Dietary fibre, fruit and vegetable and snack intakes were low. Intake at childcare mainly consisted of carbohydrates, while intake at home contained more proteins and fat. The findings imply various opportunities for childcare centres to improve children's dietary intake, such as providing fruit and vegetables at snacking moments. In addition, the findings underline the importance of assessing dietary intake over a whole day, both at childcare and at home, to allow intake to be compared with dietary guidelines.
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38
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Vollmer RL, Mobley AR. Parenting styles, feeding styles, and their influence on child obesogenic behaviors and body weight. A review. Appetite 2013; 71:232-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2013.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Xu H, Wen LM, Rissel C, Flood VM, Baur LA. Parenting style and dietary behaviour of young children. Findings from the Healthy Beginnings Trial. Appetite 2013; 71:171-7. [PMID: 23994508 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2013.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Parenting style may have a role in the development of young children's dietary behaviour, and a better understanding of parenting style may lead to better-targeted childhood obesity prevention interventions. This study aimed to investigate the association of parental self-efficacy, parenting style and dietary behaviour of young children. A cross-sectional study with 242 first-time mothers and their children was conducted using the data from the Healthy Beginnings Trial undertaken in one of the most socially and economically disadvantaged areas of south-western Sydney, in 2007-2010. Parental self-efficacy, parenting style (warmth and hostility) and children's dietary behaviours (consumption of vegetables, fruit, soft-drink and snacks) were assessed by face-to-face interviews with participating mothers in the control group when their children were 2 years old. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between parenting style and the child's dietary behaviour. Mothers with higher levels of global parental self-efficacy and self-efficacy for an infant were more likely to report their children had 2 serves of vegetables per day, with odds ratio (OR) 2.40 (95%CI 1.35-4.27, P=0.003) and OR 1.88 (95%CI 1.06-3.36, P=0.03), respectively. A higher level of global parental self-efficacy or self-efficacy for an infant was significantly associated with having 2 serves of fruit per day with adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.46 (95%CI 1.35-4.48, P=0.003) and AOR 1.85 (95%CI 1.00-3.41, P=0.048), respectively, after adjusting for annual household income. Mothers with a higher level of parental warmth were more likely to report their children had 2 serves of vegetable per day with OR 1.85 (95%CI 1.06-3.25, P=0.03). Parental self-efficacy and parenting style were associated, cross-sectionally, with important children's dietary behaviours. Interventions which target parental self-efficacy and parenting style may improve eating habits of young children, and contribute to childhood obesity prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilan Xu
- Health Promotion Service, South Western Sydney and Sydney Local Health Districts, Level 9, King George V Building, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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40
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Kremers S, Sleddens E, Gerards S, Gubbels J, Rodenburg G, Gevers D, van Assema P. General and food-specific parenting: measures and interplay. Child Obes 2013; 9 Suppl:S22-31. [PMID: 23944921 PMCID: PMC3746240 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2013.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parental influence on child food intake is typically conceptualized at three levels-parenting practices, feeding style, and parenting style. General parenting style is modeled at the most distal level of influence and food parenting practices are conceptualized as the most proximal level of influence. The goal of this article is to provide insights into contents and explanatory value of instruments that have been applied to assess food parenting practices, feeding style, and parenting style. METHODS Measures of food parenting practices, feeding style, and parenting style were reviewed, compared, and contrasted with regard to contents, explanatory value, and interrelationships. RESULTS Measures that are used in the field often fail to cover the full scope and complexity of food parenting. Healthy parenting dimensions have generally been found to be positively associated with child food intake (i.e., healthier dietary intake and less intake of energy-dense food products and sugar-sweetened beverages), but effect sizes are low. Evidence for the operation of higher-order moderation has been found, in which the impact of proximal parental influences is moderated by more distal levels of parenting. CONCLUSIONS Operationalizing parenting at different levels, while applying a contextual higher-order moderation approach, is advocated to have surplus value in understanding the complex process of parent-child interactions in the area of food intake. A research paradigm is presented that may guide future work regarding the conceptualization and modeling of parental influences on child dietary behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stef Kremers
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Ester Sleddens
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne Gerards
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica Gubbels
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gerda Rodenburg
- IVO Addiction Research Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dorus Gevers
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia van Assema
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Clustering of diet- and activity-related parenting practices: cross-sectional findings of the INPACT study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2013; 10:36. [PMID: 23531232 PMCID: PMC3618009 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-10-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Various diet- and activity-related parenting practices are positive determinants of child dietary and activity behaviour, including home availability, parental modelling and parental policies. There is evidence that parenting practices cluster within the dietary domain and within the activity domain. This study explores whether diet- and activity-related parenting practices cluster across the dietary and activity domain. Also examined is whether the clusters are related to child and parental background characteristics. Finally, to indicate the relevance of the clusters in influencing child dietary and activity behaviour, we examined whether clusters of parenting practices are related to these behaviours. Methods Data were used from 1480 parent–child dyads participating in the Dutch IVO Nutrition and Physical Activity Child cohorT (INPACT). Parents of children aged 8–11 years completed questionnaires at home assessing their diet- and activity-related parenting practices, child and parental background characteristics, and child dietary and activity behaviours. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify clusters of parenting practices. Backward regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between child and parental background characteristics with cluster scores, and partial correlations to examine associations between cluster scores and child dietary and activity behaviours. Results PCA revealed five clusters of parenting practices: 1) high visibility and accessibility of screens and unhealthy food, 2) diet- and activity-related rules, 3) low availability of unhealthy food, 4) diet- and activity-related positive modelling, and 5) positive modelling on sports and fruit. Low parental education was associated with unhealthy cluster 1, while high(er) education was associated with healthy clusters 2, 3 and 5. Separate clusters were related to both child dietary and activity behaviour in the hypothesized directions: healthy clusters were positively related to obesity-reducing behaviours and negatively to obesity-inducing behaviours. Conclusion Parenting practices cluster across the dietary and activity domain. Parental education can be seen as an indicator of a broader parental context in which clusters of parenting practices operate. Separate clusters are related to both child dietary and activity behaviour. Interventions that focus on clusters of parenting practices to assist parents (especially low-educated parents) in changing their child’s dietary and activity behaviour seems justified.
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Rodenburg G, Oenema A, Pasma M, Kremers SP, van de Mheen D. Clustering of food and activity preferences in primary school children. Appetite 2013; 60:123-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2012.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 10/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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