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Carbine KA, LeCheminant JD, Kelley TA, Kapila-Ramirez A, Hill K, Masterson T, Christensen E, Larson MJ. The impact of exercise on food-related inhibitory control- do calories, time of day, and BMI matter? Evidence from an event-related potential (ERP) study. Appetite 2024; 200:107514. [PMID: 38838592 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
A growing body of research suggests exercise improves inhibitory control functions. We tested if exercise-related inhibitory control benefits extend to food-related inhibitory control and differ by calorie content, time of day, and weight status. One hundred thirty-eight individuals were pseudo-randomly assigned to a morning or evening group. Each subject participated in two lab sessions where they completed questionnaires (rest session) or walked on a treadmill at 3.8mph (exercise session) for 45 min. After each session, participants completed both a high-calorie and low-calorie go/no-go task while N2 and P3 event-related potentials (ERP), both neural indicators of inhibitory control, were measured. Participants also rated food images for valence and arousal. While N2 and P3 difference amplitudes were larger to high-calorie than low-calorie foods, neither exercise nor time of day affected results. Individuals had faster response times after exercise without decreases in accuracy. Arousal and valence for high-calorie foods were lower after exercise and lower for all foods after morning compared to evening exercise. In a subset of individuals with obesity and normal-weight individuals, individuals with obesity had larger N2 difference amplitudes after morning exercise, while normal-weight individuals had larger P3 difference amplitudes to high-calorie foods after exercise. Results suggest moderate exercise did not affect food-related inhibitory control generally, although morning exercise may be beneficial in improving early recruitment of food-related inhibitory control in individuals with obesity. Moderate exercise, particularly in the morning, may also help manage increased attention allocated to food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylie A Carbine
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA, 90747, USA.
| | - James D LeCheminant
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, & Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Tracy A Kelley
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA, 90747, USA
| | - Anita Kapila-Ramirez
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA, 90747, USA
| | - Kyle Hill
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Kansas City, MO, 64106, USA
| | - Travis Masterson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16801, USA
| | - Edward Christensen
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, & Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Michael J Larson
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA; Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
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Wen H, Yang C, Shang T, Pang Y. Electrophysiological and behavioral differences of general and food-specific inhibitory control in people with different levels of intuitive eating. Appetite 2024; 199:107402. [PMID: 38754767 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Intuitive eating influences health-related behaviors (including calorie and nutritional intake) that are modulated by inhibitory control, producing implications for physical, mental, and emotional health. However, little is known about the relationship between intuitive eating habits and inhibitory control. Therefore, we tested intuitive eating's influence on measures of general and food-related inhibitory control using behavioral and event-related potentials (N2 and P3 components). We included 40 healthy participants: 23 had a higher level of intuitive eating, and 17 had a lower level. They participated in food-specific go/no-go and general go/no-go tasks for which we recorded electroencephalogram data. As expected, in the food-specific go/no-go task, the P3 component amplitude in the lower intuitive eating group was significantly larger than in the higher intuitive eating group; there were no significant between-group differences in the N2 amplitudes or behavioral measures. Moreover, there were no ERP or behavioral difference between groups in the general go/no-go task. Further research is needed to understand the role of positive eating behaviors in food-specific inhibitory control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyan Wen
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Chao Yang
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Tianzhan Shang
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yazhi Pang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
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Wang K, Xu L, Huang T, Meng F, Yang Q, Deng Z, Chen Y, Chen G, Wang P, Qian J, Jiang X, Xie C. Food-related inhibitory control deficits in young male adults with obesity: Behavioral and ERP evidence from a food-related go/no-go task. Physiol Behav 2024; 281:114573. [PMID: 38685523 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity poses a pervasive challenge to global public health, which is linked to adverse physical health outcomes and cognitive decline. Cognitive function, particularly food-related cognitive function, plays a critical role in sustaining a healthy weight and mitigating the progression of obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate the behavioral and neuroelectronic aspects of food-related inhibitory functions in young adult males with obesity. METHODS Forty-nine participants with obesity and healthy-weight were recruited (BMI = 35.83 ± 5.06 kg/m2 vs. 22.55 ± 1.73 kg/m2, age = 24.23 ± 4.55 years vs. 26.00 ± 3.97 years). A food-related Go/No-go task which included 6 distinct blocks in a randomized order was conducted to investigate the general and food-related inhibitory control. 180 stimulus images from the Food Picture Database encompassing high-calorie food, low-calorie food, and neutral images were selected. Behavioral (Go RT, Go ACC, No-go ACC) and event-related potential measures (N2 and P3 amplitude) during the food-related Go/No-go task were measured. RESULTS The main findings indicated that the group with obesity exhibited lower No-go accuracy, slower go reaction times, and smaller P3 amplitudes in high-calorie, low-calorie foods, and neutral picture, compared to the normal-weight group, but with no group difference in N2. Additionally, high-calorie food induced larger N2 and P3 amplitude than the neutral stimuli. CONCLUSIONS Young male adults with obesity exhibit poorer inhibitory control in both food and non-food domains, specifically in slower reaction time and reduced accuracy, featuring difficulties in neural resource recruitment during the inhibitory control process. Additionally, the P3 component could serve as sensitive indicators to reveal the neural mechanisms of inhibitory control deficits in obesity, while the N2 and P3 components may differentiate the neural differences between high-calorie foods and non-foods in inhibitory control processing. Food, especially high-calorie food, induces more neural resources and may exacerbate the poor inhibitory ability towards food in obesity. Targeted interventions such as exercise interventions, cognitive training as well as neuromodulation interventions are warranted in the future to improve impaired general and food-related inhibitory functions in the obese populations, offering both theoretical and practical frameworks for obesity prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanying Meng
- Institute of Physical Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Qin Yang
- International College of Football, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhangyan Deng
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanxia Chen
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guozhuang Chen
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peisi Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiali Qian
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianyong Jiang
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Xie
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Xie C, Alderman BL, Meng F, Chen YC, Chang YK, Wang K. Acute high-intensity interval exercise improves food-related cognition in young adults with obesity: An ERP study. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2024; 24:100430. [PMID: 38155877 PMCID: PMC10753058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2023.100430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cognitive function, particularly food-related cognition, is critical for maintaining a healthy weight and preventing the acceleration of obesity. High-Intensity Interval Exercise (HIIE) is an increasingly popular form of exercise and has been shown to improve physical fitness and cognitive function. However, there is limited research on the effects and underlying mechanisms of HIIE on general and food-related cognition among adults with obesity. The aim of the current study was to examine the influence of a single bout of HIIE on food-related cognition among young adults with obesity. Methods Fifteen young men with obesity (BMI = 33.88 ± 4.22, age = 24.60 ± 5.29 years) were recruited. Participants took part in a HIIE condition consisting of 30 minutes of stationary cycle exercise (5-min warm-up, 20-min HIIE and 5-min cool down), and a control session consisting of a time and attention-matched period of sedentary rest in a counterbalanced order. Behavioral (reaction time and accuracy) and event-related potential measures (P3 and the late positive potential, LPP) elicited during a food-related Flanker task were measured after the HIIE and control session. Results Shorter response times were observed following HIIE, regardless of congruency or picture type, with no change in accuracy. Increased P3 and LPP amplitudes were observed following HIIE relative to the control session. Conclusion The findings suggest a single bout of HIIE has a beneficial effect on general and food-related cognition among young adults with obesity, with increased recruitment of cognitive resources to support cognitive control. Future research is warranted to examine the dose-response relationship between acute bouts or longer participation in HIIE on food-related cognition in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Xie
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Brandon L. Alderman
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Center of Alcohol and Substance Use Studies, Rutgers University – New Brunswick, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Fanying Meng
- Institute of Physical Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Ying-Chu Chen
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kai Chang
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Social Emotional Education and Development Center, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Tillman GD, Morris EE, Bass C, Turner M, Watson K, Brooks JT, Rawlinson T, Kozel FA, Kraut MA, Motes MA, Hart J. P3a amplitude to trauma-related stimuli reduced after successful trauma-focused PTSD treatment. Biol Psychol 2023; 182:108648. [PMID: 37482132 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
An elevated P3a amplitude to trauma-related stimuli is strongly associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), yet little is known about whether this response to trauma-related stimuli is affected by treatment that decreases PTSD symptoms. As an analysis of secondary outcome measures from a randomized controlled trial, we investigated the latency and amplitude changes of the P3a in responses in a three-condition oddball visual task that included trauma-related (combat scenes) and trauma-unrelated (threatening animals) distractors. Fifty-five U.S. veterans diagnosed with combat-related PTSD were randomized to receive either active or sham repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). All received cognitive processing therapy, CPT+A, which requires a written account of the index trauma. They were tested before and 6 months after protocol completion. P3a amplitude and response time decreases were driven largely by the changes in the responses to the trauma-related stimuli, and this decrease correlated to the decrease in PTSD symptoms. The amplitude changes were greater in those who received rTMS + CPT than in those who received sham rTMS + CPT, suggesting that rTMS plays beneficial role in reducing arousal and threat bias, which may allow for more effective engagement in trauma-focused PTSD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail D Tillman
- Callier Center, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | | | - Christina Bass
- Callier Center, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mary Turner
- Departments of Psychiatry University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kelsey Watson
- Callier Center, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jared T Brooks
- Callier Center, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Tyler Rawlinson
- Callier Center, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - F Andrew Kozel
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Michael A Kraut
- Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael A Motes
- Callier Center, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John Hart
- Callier Center, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA; Departments of Psychiatry University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Departments of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Age-related differences in food-specific inhibitory control: Electrophysiological and behavioral evidence in healthy aging. Appetite 2023; 183:106478. [PMID: 36746027 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The number of older adults in the United States is estimated to nearly double from 52 million to 95 million by 2060. Approximately 80-85% of older adults are diagnosed with a chronic health condition. Many of these chronic health conditions are influenced by diet and physical activity, suggesting improved diet and eating behaviors could improve health-related outcomes. One factor that might improve dietary habits in older adults is food-related inhibitory control. We tested whether food-related inhibitory control, as measured via behavioral data (response time, accuracy) and scalp-recorded event-related potentials (ERP; N2 and P3 components), differed between younger and older adults over age 55. Fifty-nine older adults (31 females [52.5%], Mage = 64, SDage = 7.5) and 114 younger adults (82 females [71.9%], Mage = 20.8) completed two go/no-go tasks, one inhibiting to high-calorie stimuli and one inhibiting to low-calorie stimuli, while electroencephalogram (EEG) data were recorded. Older adults had slower overall response times than younger adults, but this was not specific to either food task. There was not a significant difference in accuracy between younger and older adults, but both groups' accuracy and response times were significantly better during the high-calorie task than the low-calorie task. For both the N2 and P3 ERP components, younger adults had larger no-go ERP amplitudes than older adults, but this effect was not food-specific, reflecting overall generalized lower inhibitory control processing in older adults. P3 amplitude for the younger adults demonstrated a specific food-related effect (greater P3 amplitude for high-calorie no-go than low-calorie no-go) that was not present for older adults. Findings support previous research demonstrating age-related differences in inhibitory control though those differences may not be specific to inhibiting towards food.
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7
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Labonté K, Nielsen DE. Measuring food-related inhibition with go/no-go tasks: Critical considerations for experimental design. Appetite 2023; 185:106497. [PMID: 36893916 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
The use of go/no-go tasks to assess inhibitory control over food stimuli is becoming increasingly popular. However, the wide variability in the design of these tasks makes it difficult to fully leverage their results. The goal of this commentary was to provide researchers with crucial aspects to consider when designing food-related go/no-go experiments. We examined 76 studies that used food-themed go/no-go tasks and extracted characteristics related to participant population, methodology, and analysis. Based on our observations of common issues that can influence study conclusions, we stress the importance for researchers to design an appropriate control condition and match stimuli between experimental conditions in terms of emotional and physical properties. We also emphasize that stimuli should be tailored to the participants under study, whether at the individual or group level. To ensure that the task truly measures inhibitory abilities, researchers should promote the establishment of a prepotent response pattern by presenting more go than no-go trials and by using short trials. Researchers should also pre-specify the criteria used to identify potentially invalid data. While go/no-go tasks represent valuable tools for studying food cognition, researchers should choose task parameters carefully and justify their methodological and analytical decisions in order to ensure the validity of results and promote best practices in food-related inhibition research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Labonté
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Macdonald-Stewart Building, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada.
| | - Daiva E Nielsen
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Macdonald-Stewart Building, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada.
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Poghosyan V, Ioannou S, Al-Amri KM, Al-Mashhadi SA, Al-Mohammed F, Al-Otaibi T, Al-Saeed W. Spatiotemporal profile of altered neural reactivity to food images in obesity: Reward system is altered automatically and predicts efficacy of weight loss intervention. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:948063. [PMID: 36845430 PMCID: PMC9944082 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.948063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Obesity presents a significant public health problem. Brain plays a central role in etiology and maintenance of obesity. Prior neuroimaging studies have found that individuals with obesity exhibit altered neural responses to images of food within the brain reward system and related brain networks. However, little is known about the dynamics of these neural responses or their relationship to later weight change. In particular, it is unknown if in obesity, the altered reward response to food images emerges early and automatically, or later, in the controlled stage of processing. It also remains unclear if the pretreatment reward system reactivity to food images is predictive of subsequent weight loss intervention outcome. Methods In this study, we presented high-calorie and low-calorie food, and nonfood images to individuals with obesity, who were then prescribed lifestyle changes, and matched normal-weight controls, and examined neural reactivity using magnetoencephalography (MEG). We performed whole-brain analysis to explore and characterize large-scale dynamics of brain systems affected in obesity, and tested two specific hypotheses: (1) in obese individuals, the altered reward system reactivity to food images occurs early and automatically, and (2) pretreatment reward system reactivity predicts the outcome of lifestyle weight loss intervention, with reduced activity associated with successful weight loss. Results We identified a distributed set of brain regions and their precise temporal dynamics that showed altered response patterns in obesity. Specifically, we found reduced neural reactivity to food images in brain networks of reward and cognitive control, and elevated reactivity in regions of attentional control and visual processing. The hypoactivity in reward system emerged early, in the automatic stage of processing (< 150 ms post-stimulus). Reduced reward and attention responsivity, and elevated neural cognitive control were predictive of weight loss after six months in treatment. Discussion In summary, we have identified, for the first time with high temporal resolution, the large-scale dynamics of brain reactivity to food images in obese versus normal-weight individuals, and have confirmed both our hypotheses. These findings have important implications for our understanding of neurocognition and eating behavior in obesity, and can facilitate development of novel integrated treatment strategies, including tailored cognitive-behavioral and pharmacological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahe Poghosyan
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,*Correspondence: Vahe Poghosyan,
| | - Stephanos Ioannou
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M. Al-Amri
- Obesity, Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sufana A. Al-Mashhadi
- Research Unit, National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fedaa Al-Mohammed
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani Al-Otaibi
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wjoud Al-Saeed
- Research Unit, National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Leehr EJ, Schag K, Vogel J, Dresler T, Zipfel S, Fallgatter AJ, Hautzinger M, Dannlowski U, Ehlis AC, Giel KE. Food-related reward sensitivity across the spectrum of body weight and impulsive eating: Pilot findings from a multi-method approach. Appetite 2023; 181:106386. [PMID: 36435301 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Overweight with and without comorbid binge-eating disorder (BED) has been associated with increased reward sensitivity, though evidence is heterogeneous. To disentangle this heterogeneity and gain insights into mechanisms of impaired reward processing, this study applied multi-method neuro-behavioural techniques. Reward sensitivity was investigated in N = 49 participants allocated to three subgroups: overweight individuals with BED (BED+, n = 17), overweight individuals without BED (BED-, n = 15), and normal-weight controls (NWC, n = 17). Applying a free exploration paradigm (food vs. non-food stimuli), eye tracking and electroencephalographic data were gathered. A valid cue before stimulus onset indicated the position of food, and the end points analysed after the cue and stimulus onset were attentional approach, attention allocation, and conflict processing (e.g., conflict between looking at the potentially rewarding food stimulus or not). The effect of negative mood was tested using mood induction. The study's main hypothesis was that individuals with overweight, particularly under negative mood, would have increased food-related reward sensitivity. All participants showed increased food-specific attentional approach (p < .001). BED + allocated more attention to food stimuli than non-food stimuli compared to the healthy control (p = .045). For individuals with overweight but without BED (BED-), results indicate that conflict processing might be prolonged after the stimulus onset (p = .011). No group-specific effect of negative mood was found. Preliminary results in overweight individuals with and without comorbid BED suggest that food stimuli are generally rewarding stimuli, but even more so for participants with binge eating psychopathology. Prolonged conflict processing during the confrontation with competing food and non-food stimuli was solely found in the BED- sample and might indicate a compensation mechanism. Replication is warranted. The multi-method approach seems to be promising to give indications for the development of psychotherapeutic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth J Leehr
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Germany; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Kathrin Schag
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Germany; Center of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jule Vogel
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Dresler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Germany; Center of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas J Fallgatter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Germany; LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Udo Dannlowski
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Germany
| | | | - Katrin E Giel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tübingen, Germany; Center of Excellence for Eating Disorders (KOMET), Tübingen, Germany
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10
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Kirsten H, Dechant M, Gibbons H, Friehs MA. Tasting inhibition: A proof-of-concept study of the food stop-signal game. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2023; 279:57-80. [PMID: 37661163 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Self-Control is an important skill in everyday life when attention is automatically drawn toward certain stimuli. For instance, food stimuli automatically capture visual attention and are processed preferentially. Therefore, efficient response inhibition is crucial to refrain from careless overeating. In the present proof-of-concept study we use a novel adaptation of a previously evaluated Stop-Signal Game (SSG) to measure reactive, food-specific, response inhibition in healthy adults. We analyzed a sample of 83 participants (60 female, mean age=24.1, mean BMI=21.71kg/m2) split into three groups. In a gamified stop-signal task, participants navigated an avatar in an urban environment toward high-calorie food, low-calorie food, or non-food stimuli in go-trials and were asked to inhibit the approach reaction in stop-trials. Hunger, eating styles, food craving, and impulsivity were assessed via self-reports to investigate their relationship with (food-specific) response inhibition. Results showed that response inhibition (in terms of stop-signal reaction time, SSRT) did not differ between the high-calorie, low-calorie, and non-food SSG which might be explained by characteristics of the sample. However, impulsivity was positively correlated with SSRT in the low-calorie SSG, whereas food-craving and hunger were positively related to response inhibition in the high-calorie SSG. Future studies could build upon the food SSG to measure and train food-specific response inhibition in the treatment of overeating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Kirsten
- Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Martin Dechant
- ZEISS Vision Science Lab, Carl Zeiss Vision International GmbH, Aalen, Germany; UCLIC, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Maximilian Achim Friehs
- School of Psychology, College of Social Sciences and Law, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Lise-Meitner Research Group Cognition and Plasticity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Psychology of Conflict, Risk, and Safety, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands.
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11
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High-Calorie Food-Cues Impair Conflict Control: EEG Evidence from a Food-Related Stroop Task. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14214593. [PMID: 36364854 PMCID: PMC9656065 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term excessive intake of high-calorie foods might lead to cognitive impairments and overweight or obesity. The current study aimed to examine the effects of high-calorie foods on the behavioral and neurological correlates of food-related conflict control ability. A food-related Stroop task, which asked the participants to respond to the food images and ignore the calorie information, were employed. A total of 61 individuals were recruited and who completed the food-related Stroop task with event-related potentials (ERPs). Participants exhibited a slower reaction time and lower accuracy in high-calorie food stimuli than that in low-calorie food stimuli. The ERP results exhibited a reduction in N2 amplitudes when responding to high-calorie food stimuli compared to when responding to low-calorie food stimuli. In addition, time-frequency analysis revealed that theta power induced by low-calorie food stimuli was significantly greater than that of high-calorie food stimuli. The findings indicated that high-calorie foods impair food-related conflict control. The present study expands on the previous studies of the neural correlates of food cues and provides new insights into the processing and resolving of conflicting information for eating behavior and weight control.
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Li W, Liu P, Li Z, Meng J. Capsaicin-induced pain increases neural responses to low-calorie non-spicy food cues: An ERP study. Biol Psychol 2022; 174:108408. [PMID: 35973635 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Capsaicin, the main spicy ingredient in chili, can activate pain receptors on the human tongue and skin. Although some studies have determined that pain influenced preference for high-calorie foods, little is known whether pain can modulate the individuals' preference for spicy foods and its neural mechanisms. After 30 participants underwent painful (topical capsaicin cream) and control (hand cream) treatments, an event-related potential (ERP) study was conducted to investigate the modulation of capsaicin-induced pain on food preference with food images. Results showed that both P3 and late positive potential (LPP) amplitudes during the painful treatment were significantly larger than those during the control treatment for low-calorie non-spicy food cues. However, for the other three categories of food cues, there were no significant differences between the two treatments. The present study suggests that capsaicin-induced pain increases individuals' neural processing of low-calorie non-spicy food cues, which provides empirical evidence on the relationship between pain and neural responses to food cues to help optimize dietary interventions for patients experiencing pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanchen Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Psychology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China; Research Center for Brain and Cognitive Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peiyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Psychology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China; Research Center for Brain and Cognitive Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zuoshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Psychology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China; Research Center for Brain and Cognitive Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Meng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Psychology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China; Research Center for Brain and Cognitive Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China.
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An EEG study on the effect of being overweight on anticipatory and consummatory reward in response to pleasant taste stimuli. Physiol Behav 2022; 252:113819. [PMID: 35447129 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Two-thirds of adults in the United Kingdom currently suffer from overweight or obesity, making it one of the biggest contributors to health problems. Within the framework of the incentive sensitisation theory, it has been hypothesised that overweight people experience heightened reward anticipation when encountering cues that signal food, such as pictures and smells of food, but that they experience less reward from consuming food compared to normal-weight people. There is, however, little evidence for this prediction. Few studies test both anticipation and consumption in the same study, and even fewer with electroencephalography (EEG). This study sought to address this gap in the literature by measuring scalp activity when overweight and normal-weight people encountered cues signalling the imminent arrival of pleasant and neutral taste stimuli, and when they received these stimuli. The behavioural data showed that there was a smaller difference in valence ratings between the pleasant and neutral taste in the overweight than normal-weight group, in accordance with our hypothesis. However, contrary to our hypothesis, the groups did not differ in their electrophysiological response to taste stimuli. Instead, there was a reduction in N1 amplitude to both taste and picture cues in overweight relative to normal-weight participants. This suggests that reduced attention to cues may be a crucial factor in risk of overweight.
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Chen PJ, Coricelli C, Kaya S, Rumiati RI, Foroni F. The role of associative learning in healthy and sustainable food evaluations: An event-related potential study. Neurosci Res 2022; 183:61-75. [PMID: 35820553 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Individuals in industrialized societies frequently include processed foods in their diet. However, overconsumption of heavily processed foods leads to imbalanced calorie intakes as well as negative health consequences and environmental impacts. In the present study, normal-weight healthy individuals were recruited in order to test whether associative learning (Evaluative Conditioning, EC) could strengthen the association between food-types (minimally processed and heavily processed foods) and concepts (e.g., healthiness), and whether these changes would be reflected at the implicit associations, at the explicit ratings and in behavioral choices. A Semantic Congruency task (SC) during electroencephalography recordings was used to examine the neural signature of newly acquired associations between foods and concepts. The accuracy after EC towards minimally processed food (MP-food) in the SC task significantly increased, indicating strengthened associations between MP-food and the concept of healthiness through EC. At the neural level, a more negative amplitude of the N400 waveform, which reflects semantic incongruency, was shown in response to MP-foods paired with the concept of unhealthiness in proximity of the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). This implied the possible role of the left DLPFC in changing food representations by integrating stimuli's features with existing food-relevant information. Finally, the N400 effect was modulated by individuals' attentional impulsivity as well as restrained eating behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carol Coricelli
- Area of Neuroscience, SISSA, Trieste, Italy; Department of Psychology, Western Interdisciplinary Research Building, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Sinem Kaya
- Area of Neuroscience, SISSA, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Foroni
- Area of Neuroscience, SISSA, Trieste, Italy; School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, NSW, Australia
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Zsoldos I, Sinding C, Chambaron S. Using event-related potentials to study food-related cognition: An overview of methods and perspectives for future research. Brain Cogn 2022; 159:105864. [PMID: 35397314 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2022.105864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Electroencephalography (EEG), and the measure of event-related potentials (ERPs) in particular, are useful methods to study the cognitive and cerebral mechanisms underlying the perception and processing of food cues. Further research on these aspects is necessary to better understand how cognitive functioning may influence food choices in different populations (e.g. obese individuals, individuals with eating disorders). To help researchers in designing future studies, this article provides an overview of the methods used in the current literature on ERPs and food-related cognition. Several methodological aspects are explored to outline interesting perspectives for future research, including discussions on the main experimental tasks used, the cognitive functions assessed (e.g. inhibitory control, attentional processing), the characteristics of the participants recruited (e.g. weight status, eating behaviors), and the stimuli selected (e.g. food pictures, odors). The issues generated by some of these methodological choices are discussed, and a few guidelines are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Zsoldos
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
| | - Charlotte Sinding
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Stéphanie Chambaron
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
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Wang J, Wang H, Yu H, Wang J, Guo X, Tong S, Bao Y, Hong X. Neural mechanisms of inhibitory control deficits in obesity revealed by P3 but not N2 event-related potential component. Appetite 2022; 171:105908. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Eberly HW, Carbine KA, LeCheminant JD, Larson MJ. Testing the relationship between inhibitory control and soda consumption: An event-related potential (ERP) study. Appetite 2022; 173:105994. [PMID: 35247478 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.105994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) may detrimentally influence health outcomes. Drinking less soda may help manage SSB consumption, as soft drinks are a top contributor to SSB intake. One cognitive factor that may influence soda consumption is inhibitory control, or the ability to withhold a dominant response in order to correctly respond to one's environment. Increased inhibitory control plays a role in decreasing consumption of high-calorie foods, and strengthening inhibitory control may help individuals manage their food intake. However, neural response to soda beverages versus traditional non-sweetened beverages, such as water, and how it relates to soda consumption is unknown. In a sample of 116 healthy individuals (M = 20.56; SD = 2.08; 47.4% female), we measured soda consumption and tested event-related potential (ERP) measures of inhibitory control, including the N2 and P3 components, during soda-specific and neutral comparison go/no-go tasks. Female participants consumed less soda on average than males, and as participants got older, they consumed less soda. Participants showed faster response times and higher accuracy on the soda-specific compared to neutral go/no-go . ERP results indicated inhibitory control was greater when individuals withheld dominant responses to soda stimuli rather than neutral stimuli. Neither N2 no-go amplitude on the soda-specific go/no-go nor P3 no-go amplitude on the soda-specific predicted measures of soda intake. Results suggest greater inhibitory control resources are required when withholding responses to soda beverages compared to neutral stimuli, but inhibitory control ERPs did not predict day-to-day soda intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hänel W Eberly
- Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Kaylie A Carbine
- Department of Psychology, California State University Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA, 90747, USA
| | - James D LeCheminant
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Michael J Larson
- Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA; Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
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Delicious and difficult to resist?: Inhibitory control differs in young women after exposure to food and non-food commercials. Appetite 2022; 173:105993. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.105993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Allen WD, Rodeback RE, Carbine KA, Hedges-Muncy AM, LeCheminant JD, Steffen PR, Larson MJ. The relationship between acute stress and neurophysiological and behavioral measures of food-related inhibitory control: An event-related potential (ERP) study. Appetite 2021; 170:105862. [PMID: 34906572 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Stress influences many health-related behaviors including diet and nutrition intake, often resulting in increased calorie intake, fewer healthy eating behaviors, and poorer nutrition. Food intake is modulated by inhibitory control and has important implications for our physical, mental, and emotional health. Yet, little is known about the relationship between stress and food-related inhibitory control. We tested the influence of a short-term experimental stressor on behavioral and event-related potential (ERP; N2 and P3 components) measures of food-related inhibitory control. Ninety-seven healthy participants were randomly assigned to complete the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) (n = 48, 27 females [52.9%]) or a neutral control condition (n = 49, 35 females [70%]) immediately followed by food-specific go/no-go and neutral go/no-go tasks while electroencephalogram (EEG) data were recorded. Stress levels were successfully manipulated, with heightened self-report and physiological measures (heart rate and systolic blood pressure) of the stress response in individuals who completed the TSST compared to control. As expected, the high calorie food-specific go/no-go task elicited larger N2 amplitude than the neutral task. N2 component amplitude was also significantly larger following the TSST relative to the control task. There were no significant between-group or task differences for P3 amplitude or behavioral measures. Findings suggest heightened N2 amplitude following psychological stress that is not specific to food or inhibition processes and may reflect heightened arousal following stress. Future research in individuals with overweight/obesity or experiencing chronic stress will further clarify the role of stress in food-related inhibitory control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney D Allen
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Rebekah E Rodeback
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Kaylie A Carbine
- Department of Psychology, California State University Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA, 90747, USA
| | | | - James D LeCheminant
- Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Patrick R Steffen
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Michael J Larson
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA; Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
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Bailey BW, Muir AM, Bartholomew CL, Christensen WF, Carbine KA, Marsh H, LaCouture H, McCutcheon C, Larson MJ. The impact of exercise intensity on neurophysiological indices of food-related inhibitory control and cognitive control: A randomized crossover event-related potential (ERP) study. Neuroimage 2021; 237:118162. [PMID: 34020012 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Food-related inhibitory control, the ability to withhold a dominant response towards highly palatable foods, influences dietary decisions. Food-related inhibitory control abilities may increase following a bout of aerobic exercise; however, the impact of exercise intensity on both food-related inhibitory control and broader cognitive control processes is currently unclear. We used a high-powered, within-subjects, crossover design to test how relative intensity of aerobic exercise influenced behavioral (response time, accuracy) and neural (N2 and P3 components of the scalp-recorded event-related potential [ERP]) measures of food-related inhibitory and cognitive control. Two hundred and ten participants completed three separate conditions separated by approximately one week in randomized order: two exercise conditions (35% VO2max or 70% VO2max) and seated rest. Directly following exercise or rest, participants completed a food-based go/no-go task and a flanker task while electroencephalogram data were recorded. Linear mixed models showed generally faster response times (RT) and improved accuracy following 70% VO2max exercise compared to rest, but not 35% VO2max; RTs and accuracy did not differ between 35% VO2max exercise and rest conditions. N2 and P3 amplitudes were larger following 70% VO2max exercise for the food-based go/no-go task compared to rest and 35% VO2max exercise. There were no differences between exercise conditions for N2 amplitude during the flanker task; however, P3 amplitude was more positive following 70% VO2max compared to rest, but not 35% VO2max exercise. Biological sex did not moderate exercise outcomes. Results suggest improved and more efficient food-related recruitment of later inhibitory control and cognitive control processes following 70% VO2max exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce W Bailey
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, 267 SFH, Provo, UT 84606, United States.
| | - Alexandra M Muir
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, United States
| | - Ciera L Bartholomew
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, 267 SFH, Provo, UT 84606, United States
| | | | - Kaylie A Carbine
- Department of Psychology, California State University Dominguez Hills, United States
| | - Harrison Marsh
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, 267 SFH, Provo, UT 84606, United States
| | - Hunter LaCouture
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, 267 SFH, Provo, UT 84606, United States
| | - Chance McCutcheon
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, 267 SFH, Provo, UT 84606, United States
| | - Michael J Larson
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, United States; Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, United States
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Bian Z, Yang R, Yang X, Liu Y, Gao X, Chen H. Influence of negative mood on restrained eaters' memory suppression of food cues: An event-related potentials study. Appetite 2021; 164:105269. [PMID: 33872752 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Negative mood has been found to be a critical trigger for overeating in restrained eaters. The ability to suppress thinking of palatable food cues is crucial to control hedonic eating; nevertheless, little research has been conducted to explore inhibitory control in cognitive processes among restrained eaters. To address this gap, this study primed restrained eaters with negative (n = 23) or neutral emotions (n = 24) and applied a Think/No-think paradigm to explore their retrieval facilitation/suppression ability for food cues, while recording Electroencephalogram (EEG) data. Results indicated that the recall rate of the No-think condition (retrieval suppressing task) was higher than the Think condition (retrieval task). Negative affect did not influence the recall rate, but it did evoke smaller N2 amplitudes, larger P2 and P3 amplitudes, as well as late positive component (LPC) amplitudes. Among these components, P2 evoked by the No-think and Think conditions was larger than the perceptual control condition. Our findings suggested that in negative moods, restrained eaters need to allocate more attentional resources to suppress food cues. The findings further demonstrated that the influence of negative moods appeared at an early stage of cognitive processing and caused a resource depletion in memory suppression. This research provides a neurophysiological basis for understanding emotional influences on the process of restrained eaters' inhibition control for external food cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Bian
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Runlan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinmeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Research Center of Psychology and Social Development in Chong Qing, China.
| | - Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Research Center of Psychology and Social Development in Chong Qing, China.
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22
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Carbine KA, Muir AM, Allen WD, LeCheminant JD, Baldwin SA, Jensen CD, Kirwan CB, Larson MJ. Does inhibitory control training reduce weight and caloric intake in adults with overweight and obesity? A pre-registered, randomized controlled event-related potential (ERP) study. Behav Res Ther 2021; 136:103784. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2020.103784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Prunell-Castañé A, Jurado MÁ, García-García I. Clinical binge eating, but not uncontrolled eating, is associated with differences in executive functions: Evidence from meta-analytic findings. Addict Behav Rep 2020; 13:100337. [PMID: 33506087 PMCID: PMC7815657 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2020.100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To study the relationship between executive functions and binge eating behaviors. Executive functions do not differ along non-clinical binge eating patterns. Binge eating disorder might be related with small deficits in executive function. Mood disorders linked with severe binge eating might influence cognitive deficits.
Introduction Binge eating disorder (BED) is a common psychiatric diagnosis characterized by the presence of episodes of loss of control over food consumption. Understanding the neurocognitive factors associated with binge eating pathology might help to design clinical strategies aimed at preventing or treating BED. However, results in the field are notably heterogeneous. In the current study, we aimed to establish whether binge eating behaviors (both at a clinical and at a non-clinical level) are associated with executive functions. Methods We performed a pre-registered meta-analysis to examine the link between executive functions, BED, and uncontrolled eating, a psychobiological construct closely associated with binge eating behaviors. Articles were searched on PubMed and the main exclusion criteria were lack of information about participants’ age or sex distribution or adiposity measurements, studies performed in older populations (age > 65 years old) or studies including participants with purging symptoms. Results Relative to healthy controls, patients with BED showed lower performance in executive functions, with a small effect size. At the same time, uncontrolled eating patterns were not associated with differences in executive functions. Neither age nor body mass index (BMI) influenced these results. Conclusions Our findings suggest that there is no association between performance in executive functions and variations along the non-clinical spectrum of binge eating behaviors. Small deficits in executive functions, however, seem to appear in individuals showing severe binge eating symptoms, that is, individuals meeting diagnostic criteria for BED. We speculate that the close links between BED and emotional distress could partly explain these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Prunell-Castañé
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Jurado
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel García-García
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Smith JL, Carbine KA, Larson MJ, Tucker LA, Christensen WF, LeCheminant JD, Bailey BW. To play or not to play? The relationship between active video game play and electrophysiological indices of food‐related inhibitory control in adolescents. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 53:876-894. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua L. Smith
- Department of Exercise Sciences Brigham Young University Provo UT USA
| | | | - Michael J. Larson
- Department of Psychology Brigham Young University Provo UT USA
- Neuroscience CenterBrigham Young University Provo UT USA
| | - Larry A. Tucker
- Department of Exercise Sciences Brigham Young University Provo UT USA
| | | | | | - Bruce W. Bailey
- Department of Exercise Sciences Brigham Young University Provo UT USA
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25
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Gantiva C, Sotaquirá M, Hernández-Mateus V, Restrepo-García A, Camacho K. Stop! Graphic Health Warnings Enhance Inhibitory Control in Adolescents: An Event-Related Potential Study. Nicotine Tob Res 2020; 23:1410-1414. [PMID: 33289037 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The majority of smokers begin consumption in adolescence and the earlier initiation of cigarette smoking is associated with a greater likelihood of cigarette dependence. Graphic health warnings (GHW) are one of the most used strategies to communicate the consequences of cigarette smoking, but little is known about their ability to increase inhibitory control and thus prevent consumption. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different sizes of GHWs on inhibitory control in adolescents. We hypothesized that GHWs promote inhibitory control, and increasing GHW size, enhance inhibitory control. METHODS Fifty-nine participants completed a Go/No-Go task during electroencephalographic recording. The No-Go stimuli were pictures of cigarette packs without GHWs, and cigarette packs with GHWs that covered 30% or 60% of the front (main side) of the pack. The event-related potential N200 component and behavioral measures in the Go/No-Go task were analyzed. RESULTS Separate mixed-model analysis of variance (ANOVAs) were used for N200 component (amplitude and latency) and behavioral data. The GHWs increased the amplitude of the N200 potential, especially GHWs that covered 60% of the front of the pack. The behavioral data showed that GHWs that covered 60% of the front of the pack generated higher a percentage of accuracy in No-Go trials (ie, fewer commission errors). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that GHWs increase inhibitory control in adolescents, especially when the GHWs cover 60% of the front of the cigarette pack. IMPLICATIONS GHWs with an increased size (60% of the front of the cigarette pack vs. 30%, the minimum size, proposed by the World Health Organization) recruit additional cognitive resources and thus can effectively increase inhibitory control both in adolescent smokers and nonsmokers. Accordingly, the use of larger GHW has the potential of becoming an effective public policy strategy to inhibit smoking in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Gantiva
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Miguel Sotaquirá
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de San Buenaventura, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | - Katherine Camacho
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de San Buenaventura, Bogotá, Colombia
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Strahler J, Hermann A, Schmidt NM, Stark R, Hennig J, Munk AJ. Food cue-elicited brain potentials change throughout menstrual cycle: Modulation by eating styles, negative affect, and premenstrual complaints. Horm Behav 2020; 124:104811. [PMID: 32592725 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2020.104811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While there is evidence for increased food intake and craving during the luteal phase, underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. The present study investigated electrophysiological responses to food pictures as a function of menstrual cycle phase. In addition, the moderating effects of progesterone, eating behaviors (restraint, emotional, orthorexic), negative affect, and premenstrual complaints were explored. METHODS Using a within-subject design, 35 free-cycling women watched and rated pictures of food (high and low caloric) and control items during the follicular, the ovulatory, and the luteal phase (counterbalanced), while EEG was recorded to examine the late positive potentials (LPP). Salivary gonadal hormones and affect were examined at each occasion. Eating behaviors and premenstrual complaints were assessed once. RESULTS For parietal regions, average LPPs were comparable between cycle phases but slightly larger LPP amplitudes were elicited by high caloric food pictures as compared to the neutral category. Descriptively, both food categories elicited larger parietal LPPs than neutral pictures during the luteal phase. Analyses of LPPs for central-parietal regions showed no effect of picture category or cycle phase, except higher amplitudes in the right area during the luteal phase. During the luteal phase, progesterone and functional interference from premenstrual symptoms (but not age, BMI, picture ratings, affect, estradiol, or eating behaviors) significantly predicted larger parietal LPPs towards high caloric (but not low caloric) pictures. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest a heightened food cue reactivity during the luteal phase, which may relate to higher ovarian hormone secretion and more functional impact of premenstrual symptoms. This research contributes to a better understanding of menstrual health and the identification of preventive strategies for premenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Strahler
- Psychotherapy and Systems Neuroscience, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany.
| | - A Hermann
- Psychotherapy and Systems Neuroscience, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - N M Schmidt
- Differential and Biological Psychology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - R Stark
- Psychotherapy and Systems Neuroscience, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - J Hennig
- Differential and Biological Psychology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany; Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - A J Munk
- Differential and Biological Psychology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
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Modification of food preferences by posthypnotic suggestions: An event-related brain potential study. Appetite 2020; 151:104713. [PMID: 32302724 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The preference for high-over low-calorie food and difficulties in inhibiting the desire for high-calorie food are important factors involved in unhealthy food choices. Here, we explored posthypnotic suggestions (PHS), aiming to increase the desire for vegetables and fruits, as a possible new tool to induce a preference for low-calorie food. Following the termination of hypnosis, PHS was activated and deactivated in counterbalanced order, while event-related brain-potentials were recorded. Two tasks were administered, a food-face classification measuring implicit food preferences, where stimuli were categorized as showing food items or faces, and a Go-NoGo task measuring inhibition, where food items were selected as being appropriate for making a salad or not. In the food-face classification task without PHS, the early visual P1 component, a marker of stimulus reward-associations, was larger in response to high-than low-calorie food pictures; PHS eliminated this difference. PHS also yielded faster RTs and larger amplitudes of a late positive component in low-versus high-calorie items. Hence, PHS appeared to neutralize the positive perceptual bias toward high-calorie food items and enhance the effective processing of low-calorie items by increasing motivated attention. In the Go-NoGo task, PHS decreased the NoGo-N2; PHS increased the early Go- and NoGo-P3, possibly by turning low- and high-calorie items more pleasant and unpleasant, respectively, requiring more proactive control to inhibit task-irrelevant food-related emotions. Further, in the Go condition, PHS quickened the rejection of salad-inappropriate high-calorie items and increased the amplitude of late-P3, indicating facilitated classification of high-calorie items and increased response monitoring. Together, PHS effectively increased the preference for low-calorie food and the inhibition of impulses toward high-calorie food; therefore, PHS may be a promising tool for supporting healthy and sustainable food choices.
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Obst MA, Heldmann M, Alicart H, Tittgemeyer M, Münte TF. Effect of Short-Term Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tVNS) on Brain Processing of Food Cues: An Electrophysiological Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:206. [PMID: 32625072 PMCID: PMC7314996 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The vagus nerve plays an important role in the regulation of food intake. Modulating vagal activity via electrical stimulation (VNS) in patients and animal studies caused changes in food intake, energy metabolism, and body weight. However, the moderating impact of cognitive processes on VNS effects on eating behavior has not been investigated so far. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that transcutaneous VNS (tVNS) affects food intake by altering cognitive functions relevant to the processing of food-related information. Methods: Using a repeated-measurement design, we applied tVNS and a sham stimulation for 2 h on two different days in normal-weight subjects. We recorded standard scalp EEG while subjects watched food and object pictures presented in an oddball task. We analyzed the event-related potentials (ERPs) P1, P2, N2, and LPP and also examined the amount of consumed food and eating duration in a free-choice test meal. Results: Significant differences between stimulations were observed for the P1, P2, and N2 amplitudes. However, we found no tVNS-dependent modulation of food intake nor a specific food-related stimulation effect on the ERPs. Further analyses revealed a negative relationship between P2 amplitude and food intake for the sham stimulation. Significant effects are additionally confirmed by Bayesian statistics. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates tVNS’ impact on visual processing. Since the effects were similar between food and object stimuli, a general effect on visual perceptual processing can be assumed. More detailed investigations of these effects and their relationship with food intake and metabolism seem reasonable for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina A Obst
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marcus Heldmann
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Institute of Psychology II, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Helena Alicart
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity Group, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Tittgemeyer
- Max-Planck-Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Aging and Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas F Münte
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Institute of Psychology II, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Xie C, Alderman BL, Meng F, Ai J, Chang YK, Li A. Acute High-Intensity Interval Exercise Improves Inhibitory Control Among Young Adult Males With Obesity. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1291. [PMID: 32670154 PMCID: PMC7330122 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of acute high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) on neural and behavioral measures of inhibitory control in young male adults with obesity. Design The present study employed a within-subjects design. Methods Sixteen male adults with obesity [body mass index (BMI) > 28 kg/m2] were recruited. Reaction time and response accuracy of the Flanker task as well as P3 and late positive potential (LPP) components of the event-related potential (ERP) were measured following HIIE and a sedentary control, in counterbalanced order. The HIIE session consisted of 30 min of stationary cycle exercise (5-min warm-up, 20-min HIIE, and a 5-min cool-down), whereas the control condition consisted of a time and attention-matched sedentary resting session. Results Faster response times were observed following HIIE regardless of Flanker task condition. Faster and more accurate responses were also observed for congruent relative to incongruent conditions across both sessions. Relative to the neuroelectric data, acute HIIE resulted in increased LPP amplitude but did not affect P3 amplitude. Conclusion Collectively, a single bout of HIIE has a general beneficial effect on basic information processing and inhibitory control among young adult males with obesity. Acute HIIE was found to impact LPP amplitude, but not the P3, which may suggest a modulation in the ability to successfully maintain attention and filter irrelevant information to achieve successful cognitive inhibition. Future research is warranted to extend these findings to a larger sample size that includes both genders, other cognitive functions, and a comparison of different modes of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Xie
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Brandon L Alderman
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Center of Alcohol and Substance Use Studies, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Fanying Meng
- Institute of Physical Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Ai
- Department of Physical Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kai Chang
- Department of Physical Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Anmin Li
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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30
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Chami R, Treasure J, Cardi V, Lozano-Madrid M, Eichin KN, McLoughlin G, Blechert J. Exploring Changes in Event-Related Potentials After a Feasibility Trial of Inhibitory Training for Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1056. [PMID: 32536891 PMCID: PMC7269126 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In a feasibility trial comparing two forms of combined inhibitory control training and goal planning (i.e., food-specific and general) among patients with bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED), we found evidence of symptomatic benefit, with stronger effects among participants receiving a food-specific intervention. The aim of the present study was to examine changes in behavioral outcomes and event-related potentials (ERPs; N2 and P3 amplitudes) from baseline to post-intervention that might suggest the mechanisms underpinning these effects. Fifty-five participants completed go/no-go tasks during two electroencephalography (EEG) sessions, at baseline and post-intervention. The go/no-go task included "go" cues to low energy-dense foods and non-foods, and "no-go" cues to high energy-dense foods and non-foods. Datasets with poor signal quality and/or outliers were excluded, leaving 48 participants (N = 24 BN; N = 24 BED) in the analyses. Participants allocated to the food-specific, compared to the general intervention group, showed significantly greater reductions in reaction time to low energy-dense foods, compared to non-foods, by post-intervention. Commission errors significantly increased from baseline to post-intervention, regardless of stimulus type (food vs. non-food) and intervention group (food-specific vs. general). There were no significant changes in omission errors. P3 amplitudes to "no-go" cues marginally, but non-significantly, decreased by post-intervention, but there was no significant interaction with stimulus type (high energy-dense food vs. non-food) or intervention group (food-specific vs. general). There were no significant changes in N2 amplitudes to "no-go" cues, N2 amplitudes to "go" cues, or P3 amplitudes to "go" cues from baseline to post-intervention. Training effects were only marginally captured by these event-related potentials. We discuss limitations to the task paradigm, including its two-choice nature, ease of completion, and validity, and give recommendations for future research exploring ERPs using inhibitory control paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayane Chami
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Janet Treasure
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Cardi
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - María Lozano-Madrid
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-Institut d’Investigacio Biomedica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
- CiberObn, Madrid, Spain
| | - Katharina Naomi Eichin
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Grainne McLoughlin
- Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jens Blechert
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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Neurocognitive Inhibitory Control Ability Performance and Correlations with Biochemical Markers in Obese Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17082726. [PMID: 32326613 PMCID: PMC7216261 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17082726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitory control, the ability to suppress prepotent responses and resist irrelevant stimuli, is thought to play a critical role in the maintenance of obesity. However, electrophysiological performance related to different inhibitory control processes and their relationship with motor response inhibition and cognitive interference and potential biochemical mechanisms in middle-aged, obese women are as yet unclear. This work thus compared different neurocognitive Go/Nogo and Stroop task performance in healthy sedentary normal-weight and obese women, as well as their correlation with biochemical markers. Twenty-six healthy, sedentary obese women (obese group) and 26 age-matched (21–45 years old) normal-weight women (control group) were the participants, categorized by body mass index and percentage fat, as measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. They provided a fasting blood sample and performed two cognitive tasks (i.e., Go/Nogo and Stroop tasks) with concomitant electrophysiological recording. The N2 and P3 waveforms of event-related potential (ERP) were recorded. Although the between-group behavioral performance was comparable, the obese group relative to the control group showed significantly longer N2 latency and smaller P3 amplitude in the Stroop task and smaller N2 and P3 amplitudes in the Go/Nogo task. Significant inflammation response indices (e.g., CRP, leptin, adiponectin/leptin ratio) were observed in the obese group. The Nogo P3 amplitude was significantly correlated with the adiponectin/leptin ratio. These findings indicate that healthy obese women still exhibit deviant neurophysiological performance when performing Go/Nogo and Stroop tasks, where the adiponectin/leptin ratio could be one of the influencing factors for the deficit in neural processes of motor response inhibition.
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32
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Aulbach MB, Harjunen VJ, Spapé M, Knittle K, Haukkala A, Ravaja N. No evidence of calorie‐related modulation of N2 in food‐related Go/No‐Go training: A preregistered ERP study. Psychophysiology 2020; 57:e13518. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Burkard Aulbach
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Research University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Ville Johannes Harjunen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Michiel Spapé
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Keegan Knittle
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Research University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Ari Haukkala
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Research University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Niklas Ravaja
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
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Liu Y, Quan H, Song S, Zhang X, Yang C, Chen H. Decreased Conflict Control in Overweight Chinese Females: Behavioral and Event-Related Potentials Evidence. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071450. [PMID: 31252512 PMCID: PMC6683057 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Overweight or obesity is related to a decrease in cognitive control, especially conflict control. However, research on conflict control in overweight/obese individuals are still controversial. This study was conducted to explore general and food-related conflict control in overweight Chinese females (OWs) with a color–word Stroop task and a food-related conflict task. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during the food-related conflict task. Behavioral results showed that, OWs had a longer reaction time (RT) than normal-weight Chinese females (NWs), in both tasks. ERP results in the food-related conflict task showed that there was a reduction of N2 and N450 response strength in OWs, and the P3 and late positive component (LPC) response strength was enhanced. Results indicated that OWs might be less efficient in monitoring and resolving conflict, and OWs tended to have a higher motivational or emotional involvement in processing food-related stimuli, which was likely to contribute to their difficulty in losing weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Huan Quan
- Department of Psychology, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
| | - Shiqing Song
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xuemeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Chami R, Cardi V, Lautarescu A, Mallorquí-Bagué N, McLoughlin G. Neural responses to food stimuli among individuals with eating and weight disorders: a systematic review of event-related potentials. Int Rev Psychiatry 2019; 31:318-331. [PMID: 31246114 DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2019.1622515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A systematic review was conducted to investigate event-related potentials (ERPs) in response to food and non-food stimuli among individuals with eating and weight disorders. Limiting the search to studies that have analysed ERPs relating to motivated attention and inhibitory control, 19 research papers were extracted from a systematic search in PubMed, Ovid, and Web of Science (2000-2018). An enhanced attentional bias towards food over non-food images (as indexed by P3(00) and LPP amplitudes) was evident for all populations. Individuals with binge eating disorder showed an enhanced attentional response to food cues compared to healthy controls. Inhibitory control-related ERP components (N2(00) and P3a) increased during food-specific no-go trials, but did not differentiate overweight from 'healthy' weight groups. The N2 amplitude to food pictures were positively correlated with caloric intake and food craving among individuals with obesity and binge eating disorder, respectively, while P3(00) was sensitive to hunger levels among overweight and obese females. The heterogeneity of stimuli/paradigms adopted, component timescales extracted, ERPs analysed, and data presented has challenged this review's ability to produce a robust synthesis of results. Some recommendations for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayane Chami
- a Department of Psychological Medicine, Section of Eating Disorders , Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London , London , UK
| | - Valentina Cardi
- a Department of Psychological Medicine, Section of Eating Disorders , Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London , London , UK
| | - Alexandra Lautarescu
- b Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, & Neuroscience (IoPPN) , King's College London , London , UK
| | - Nuria Mallorquí-Bagué
- c Department of Psychiatry , Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL , Barcelona , Spain.,d Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición , Istituto Salud Carlos III , Madrid , Spain.,e Addictive Behaviours Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau , Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Grainne McLoughlin
- f Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre (SGDP) , King's College London , London , UK
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Altered Processing of Visual Food Stimuli in Adolescents with Loss of Control Eating. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020210. [PMID: 30678145 PMCID: PMC6412983 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of control eating (LOC) constitutes a common eating pathology in childhood and adolescence. Models developed for adult patients stress a biased processing of food-related stimuli as an important maintaining factor. To our knowledge, however, no EEG study to date investigated the processing of visual food stimuli in children or adolescents with LOC. Adolescents with at least one self-reported episode of LOC in the last four weeks and a matched control group completed a modified Go/NoGo task, with a numerical target or non-target stimulus being presented on one side of the screen and an irrelevant high-calorie food or neutral stimulus being presented on the opposite side. Mean P3 amplitudes were analyzed. In Go trials, the LOC group’s mean P3 amplitudes were comparable irrespective of distractor category, while for NoGo trials, mean P3 amplitudes were significantly higher when the distractor was a high-calorie food stimulus. This pattern was reversed in the control group. Results are interpreted in light of Gray’s reinforcement sensitivity theory. They might reflect altered processes of behavioral inhibition in adolescents with LOC upon confrontation with visual food stimuli.
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Macatee RJ, Albanese BJ, Clancy K, Allan NP, Bernat EM, Cougle JR, Schmidt NB. Distress intolerance modulation of neurophysiological markers of cognitive control during a complex go/no-go task. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 127:12-29. [PMID: 29369665 DOI: 10.1037/abn0000323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Distress intolerance (DI), a trait-like individual difference reflective of the inability to endure aversive affective states, is relevant to multiple forms of psychopathology, but its relations to theoretically relevant neurobiological systems have received little attention. Altered cognitive control-related neurobiology has been theorized to underlie individual differences in DI, but little empirical work has been conducted. To test this hypothesis, baseline data from a large community sample with elevated high levels of emotional psychopathology and comorbidity was utilized (N = 256). Participants completed a complex go/no-go task while EEG was recorded, and P2, N2, and P3 amplitudes were measured. Based upon prior findings on the relations between these components and response inhibition, a core cognitive control function, we hypothesized that DI would predict reduced no-go N2 and P3 amplitude while controlling for current anxious/depressive symptom severity (i.e., negative affect). Peak amplitudes from the raw data and principal components analysis were used to quantify amplitude of ERP components. Partially consistent with predictions, high DI was independently associated with reduced no-go N2 peak amplitude in the raw ERP data, and was significantly related to a frontal positivity factor in the N2 time window across no-go and go trials. Contrary to predictions, no relations between DI and the P3 were found. Overall, results support the theorized relevance of cognitive control-linked neurobiology to individual differences in tolerance of distress over and above distress severity itself, and suggest specific relations between DI and alterations in early controlled attention/conflict-monitoring but not response inhibition or response inhibition-related sequelae. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kevin Clancy
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University
| | | | - Edward M Bernat
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park
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Go/no-go training affects frontal midline theta and mu oscillations to passively observed food stimuli. Neuropsychologia 2018; 119:280-291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Carbine KA, Rodeback R, Modersitzki E, Miner M, LeCheminant JD, Larson MJ. The utility of event-related potentials (ERPs) in understanding food-related cognition: A systematic review and recommendations. Appetite 2018; 128:58-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.05.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Zhou Y, Liu Y, Du J, Chen H. Effects of food exposure on food-related inhibitory control in restrained eaters: An ERP study. Neurosci Lett 2018; 672:130-135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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40
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Carbine KA, Duraccio KM, Kirwan CB, Muncy NM, LeCheminant JD, Larson MJ. A direct comparison between ERP and fMRI measurements of food-related inhibitory control: Implications for BMI status and dietary intake. Neuroimage 2018; 166:335-348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Feig EH, Winter SR, Kounios J, Erickson B, Berkowitz SA, Lowe MR. The role of hunger state and dieting history in neural response to food cues: An event-related potential study. Physiol Behav 2017; 179:126-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Berner LA, Winter SR, Matheson BE, Benson L, Lowe MR. Behind binge eating: A review of food-specific adaptations of neurocognitive and neuroimaging tasks. Physiol Behav 2017; 176:59-70. [PMID: 28363840 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent binge eating, or overeating accompanied by a sense of loss of control, is a major public health concern. Identifying similarities and differences among individuals with binge eating and those with other psychiatric symptoms and characterizing the deficits that uniquely predispose individuals to eating problems are essential to improving treatment. Research suggests that altered reward and control-related processes may contribute to dysregulated eating and other impulsive behaviors in binge-eating populations, but the best methods for reliably assessing the contributions of these processes to binge eating are unclear. In this review, we summarize standard neurocognitive and neuroimaging tasks that assess reward and control-related processes, describe adaptations of these tasks used to study eating and food-specific responsivity and deficits, and consider the advantages and limitations of these tasks. Future studies integrating both general and food-specific tasks with neuroimaging will improve understanding of the neurocognitive processes and neural circuits that contribute to binge eating and could inform novel interventions that more directly target or prevent this transdiagnostic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Berner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.
| | - Samantha R Winter
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Brittany E Matheson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States; San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Leora Benson
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michael R Lowe
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States; The Renfrew Center for Eating Disorders, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Carbine KA, Christensen E, LeCheminant JD, Bailey BW, Tucker LA, Larson MJ. Testing food-related inhibitory control to high- and low-calorie food stimuli: Electrophysiological responses to high-calorie food stimuli predict calorie and carbohydrate intake. Psychophysiology 2017; 54:982-997. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bruce W. Bailey
- Department of Exercise Sciences; Brigham Young University; Provo Utah
| | - Larry A. Tucker
- Department of Exercise Sciences; Brigham Young University; Provo Utah
| | - Michael J. Larson
- Department of Psychology; Brigham Young University; Provo Utah
- Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University; Provo Utah
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Schwab D, Giraldo M, Spiegl B, Schienle A. Disgust evoked by strong wormwood bitterness influences the processing of visual food cues in women: An ERP study. Appetite 2017; 108:51-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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45
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Foroni F, Rumiati RI, Coricelli C, Ambron E. A bait we cannot avoid: Food-induced motor distractibility. Brain Cogn 2016; 110:74-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Blackburne T, Rodriguez A, Johnstone SJ. A Serious Game to Increase Healthy Food Consumption in Overweight or Obese Adults: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Serious Games 2016; 4:e10. [PMID: 27417192 PMCID: PMC4963607 DOI: 10.2196/games.5708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a growing global issue that is linked to cognitive and psychological deficits. OBJECTIVE This preliminary study investigated the efficacy of training to improve inhibitory control (IC), a process linked to overeating, on consumption and cognitive control factors. METHODS This study utilized a multisession mobile phone-based intervention to train IC in an overweight and obese population using a randomized waitlist-control design. A combination of self-assessment questionnaires and psychophysiological measures was used to assess the efficacy of the intervention in terms of improved general IC and modified food consumption after training. Attitudes toward food were also assessed to determine their mediating role in food choices. A total of 58 participants (47 female) completed 2 assessment sessions 3 weeks apart, with 2 weeks of intervention training for the training group during this time. The groups did not differ in baseline demographics including age, body mass index, and inhibitory control. RESULTS Inhibitory control ability improved across the training sessions, with increases in P3 amplitude implying increased cognitive control over responses. Inhibitory control training was associated with increased healthy and reduced unhealthy food consumption in a taste test and in the week following training, as measured by the Healthy Eating Quiz and the food consumption test. Cognitive restraint was enhanced after training for the training but not the waitlist condition in the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, implying that attempts to avoid unhealthy foods in the future will be easier for the training group participants. CONCLUSIONS Inhibitory control training delivered via a purpose-designed mobile phone app is easy to complete, is convenient, and can increase cognitive restraint and reduce unhealthy food consumption. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12616000263493; http://www.ANZCTR.org.au/ACTRN12616000263493.aspx (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6ioHjGING).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tegan Blackburne
- Brain and Behaviour Research Institute, School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
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Lumsden J, Skinner A, Woods AT, Lawrence NS, Munafò M. The effects of gamelike features and test location on cognitive test performance and participant enjoyment. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2184. [PMID: 27441120 PMCID: PMC4941792 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Computerised cognitive assessments are a vital tool in the behavioural sciences, but participants often view them as effortful and unengaging. One potential solution is to add gamelike elements to these tasks in order to make them more intrinsically enjoyable, and some researchers have posited that a more engaging task might produce higher quality data. This assumption, however, remains largely untested. We investigated the effects of gamelike features and test location on the data and enjoyment ratings from a simple cognitive task. We tested three gamified variants of the Go-No-Go task, delivered both in the laboratory and online. In the first version of the task participants were rewarded with points for performing optimally. The second version of the task was framed as a cowboy shootout. The third version was a standard Go-No-Go task, used as a control condition. We compared reaction time, accuracy and subjective measures of enjoyment and engagement between task variants and study location. We found points to be a highly suitable game mechanic for gamified cognitive testing because they did not disrupt the validity of the data collected but increased participant enjoyment. However, we found no evidence that gamelike features could increase engagement to the point where participant performance improved. We also found that while participants enjoyed the cowboy themed task, the difficulty of categorising the gamelike stimuli adversely affected participant performance, increasing No-Go error rates by 28% compared to the non-game control. Responses collected online vs. in the laboratory had slightly longer reaction times but were otherwise very similar, supporting other findings that online crowdsourcing is an acceptable method of data collection for this type of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Lumsden
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Andy Skinner
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Andy T Woods
- School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol , Bristol , United Kingdom
| | - Natalia S Lawrence
- School of Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter , Exeter , United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Munafò
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Price M, Lee M, Higgs S. Food-specific response inhibition, dietary restraint and snack intake in lean and overweight/obese adults: a moderated-mediation model. Int J Obes (Lond) 2016; 40:877-82. [PMID: 26592733 PMCID: PMC4856731 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2015.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The relationship between response inhibition and obesity is currently unclear. This may be because of inconsistencies in methodology, design limitations and the use of narrow samples. In addition, dietary restraint has not been considered, yet restraint has been reported to moderate performance on behavioural tasks of response inhibition. The aim of this study was to investigate performance on both a food-based and a neutral stimuli go/no-go task, which addresses current design limitations, in lean and overweight/obese adults. The moderating role of dietary restraint in the relationship between body composition, response inhibition and snack intake was also measured. SUBJECTS/METHODS Lean and overweight/obese, males and females (N=116) completed both a food-based and neutral category control go/no-go task, in a fully counterbalanced repeated-measures design. A bogus taste-test was then completed, followed by a self-report measure of dietary restraint. RESULTS PROCESS moderated-mediation analysis showed that overweight/obese, compared with lean, participants made more errors on the food-based (but not the neutral) go/no-go task, but only when they were low in dietary restraint. Performance on the food-based go/no-go task predicted snack intake across the sample. Increased intake in the overweight, low restrainers was fully mediated by increased errors on the food-based (but not the neutral) go/no-go task. CONCLUSIONS Distinguishing between high and low restrained eaters in the overweight/obese population is crucial in future obesity research incorporating food-based go/no-go tasks. Poor response inhibition to food cues predicts overeating across weight groups, suggesting weight loss interventions and obesity prevention programmes should target behavioural inhibition training in such individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Price
- Department of Psychology, College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - M Lee
- Department of Psychology, College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - S Higgs
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
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Subtypes of trait impulsivity differentially correlate with neural responses to food choices. Behav Brain Res 2016; 296:442-450. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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50
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Watson TD, Newton-Mora M, Pirkle J. Event-related potential correlates of processing alcohol-related pictures in young adult binge drinkers. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2015; 42:77-87. [DOI: 10.3109/00952990.2015.1099660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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