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Delanghe JR, Delrue C, Speeckaert R, Speeckaert MM. Unlocking the link between haptoglobin polymorphism and noninfectious human diseases: insights and implications. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2024; 61:275-297. [PMID: 38013410 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2023.2285929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Haptoglobin (Hp) is a polymorphic protein that was initially described as a hemoglobin (Hb)-binding protein. The major functions of Hp are to scavenge Hb, prevent iron loss, and prevent heme-based oxidation. Hp regulates angiogenesis, nitric oxide homeostasis, immune responses, and prostaglandin synthesis. Genetic polymorphisms in the Hp gene give rise to different phenotypes, including Hp 1-1, Hp 2-1, and Hp 2-2. Extensive research has been conducted to investigate the association between Hp polymorphisms and several medical conditions including cardiovascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, transplantation, and hemoglobinopathies. Generally, the Hp 2-2 phenotype is associated with increased disease risk and poor outcomes. Over the years, the Hp 2 allele has spread under genetic pressures. Individuals with the Hp 2-2 phenotype generally exhibit lower levels of CD163 expression in macrophages. The decreased expression of CD163 may be associated with the poor antioxidant capacity in the serum of subjects carrying the Hp 2-2 phenotype. However, the Hp 1-1 phenotype may confer protection in some cases. The Hp1 allele has strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. It is important to note that the benefits of the Hp1 allele may vary depending on genetic and environmental factors as well as the specific disease or condition under consideration. Therefore, the Hp1 allele may not necessarily confer advantages in all situations, and its effects may be context-dependent. This review highlights the current understanding of the role of Hp polymorphisms in cardiovascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, transplantation, hemoglobinopathies, and polyuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris R Delanghe
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Delrue
- Department of Nephrology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Marijn M Speeckaert
- Department of Nephrology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
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2
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Mohsen Y, Shami A, Edsfeldt A, Sun J, Gonçalves I. Haptoglobin Gene Polymorphism Is Associated With Lower Postoperative Cardiovascular Risk in Carotid Stenosis Patients. J Stroke 2024; 26:125-128. [PMID: 38246719 PMCID: PMC10850447 DOI: 10.5853/jos.2023.03349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yazan Mohsen
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Electrophysiology and Rhythmology, Hospital Porz am Rhein, Cologne, Germany
| | - Annelie Shami
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Andreas Edsfeldt
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jiangming Sun
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Isabel Gonçalves
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Figtree GA, Vernon ST, Harmer JA, Gray MP, Arnott C, Bachour E, Barsha G, Brieger D, Brown A, Celermajer DS, Channon KM, Chew NWS, Chong JJH, Chow CK, Cistulli PA, Ellinor PT, Grieve SM, Guzik TJ, Hagström E, Jenkins A, Jennings G, Keech AC, Kott KA, Kritharides L, Mamas MA, Mehran R, Meikle PJ, Natarajan P, Negishi K, O'Sullivan J, Patel S, Psaltis PJ, Redfern J, Steg PG, Sullivan DR, Sundström J, Vogel B, Wilson A, Wong D, Bhatt DL, Kovacic JC, Nicholls SJ. Clinical Pathway for Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients Without Conventional Modifiable Risk Factors: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol 2023; 82:1343-1359. [PMID: 37730292 PMCID: PMC10522922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Reducing the incidence and prevalence of standard modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (SMuRFs) is critical to tackling the global burden of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, a substantial number of individuals develop coronary atherosclerosis despite no SMuRFs. SMuRFless patients presenting with myocardial infarction have been observed to have an unexpected higher early mortality compared to their counterparts with at least 1 SMuRF. Evidence for optimal management of these patients is lacking. We assembled an international, multidisciplinary team to develop an evidence-based clinical pathway for SMuRFless CAD patients. A modified Delphi method was applied. The resulting pathway confirms underlying atherosclerosis and true SMuRFless status, ensures evidence-based secondary prevention, and considers additional tests and interventions for less typical contributors. This dedicated pathway for a previously overlooked CAD population, with an accompanying registry, aims to improve outcomes through enhanced adherence to evidence-based secondary prevention and additional diagnosis of modifiable risk factors observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma A Figtree
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Cardiovascular Discovery Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Stephen T Vernon
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Cardiovascular Discovery Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jason A Harmer
- Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael P Gray
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Cardiovascular Discovery Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Clare Arnott
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eric Bachour
- Consumer Representative, Agile Group Switzerland AG, Zug, Switzerland
| | - Giannie Barsha
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Cardiovascular Discovery Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Brieger
- Department of Cardiology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alex Brown
- National Centre for Indigenous Genomics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capitol Territory, Australia; Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - David S Celermajer
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Keith M Channon
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas W S Chew
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - James J H Chong
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia; Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Clara K Chow
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter A Cistulli
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Respiratory & Sleep Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Patrick T Ellinor
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Demoulas Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stuart M Grieve
- Department of Radiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Imaging and Phenotyping Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Department of Internal Medicine and Omicron Medical Genomics Laboratory, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Emil Hagström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alicia Jenkins
- National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Diabetes and Vascular Medicine, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Garry Jennings
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony C Keech
- National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katharine A Kott
- Cardiovascular Discovery Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Leonard Kritharides
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia; The ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mamas A Mamas
- Keele Cardiovascular Research Group, Centre for Prognostic Research, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiology, Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Roxana Mehran
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Peter J Meikle
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Vicotria, Australia
| | - Pradeep Natarajan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics and the Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kazuaki Negishi
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Nepean Hospital, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John O'Sullivan
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Precision Cardiovascular Laboratory, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Heart Research Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sanjay Patel
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Heart Research Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter J Psaltis
- Vascular Research Centre, Heart and Vascular Program, Lifelong Health Theme, SAHMRI, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Julie Redfern
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philippe G Steg
- Université de Paris, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials and INSERM Unité 1148, Paris, France
| | - David R Sullivan
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Johan Sundström
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Birgit Vogel
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andrew Wilson
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dennis Wong
- Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; MonashHeart, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Deepak L Bhatt
- Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen J Nicholls
- Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Yang Z, He M, Zhang Q, Li S, Chen H, Liao D. Exploring the bi-directional relationship and shared genes between depression and stroke via NHANES and bioinformatic analysis. Front Genet 2023; 14:1004457. [PMID: 37065487 PMCID: PMC10102600 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1004457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Stroke and depression are the two most common causes of disability worldwide. Growing evidence suggests a bi-directional relationship between stroke and depression, whereas the molecular mechanisms underlying stroke and depression are not well understood. The objectives of this study were to identify hub genes and biological pathways related to the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke (IS) and major depressive disorder (MDD) and to evaluate the infiltration of immune cells in both disorders. Methods: Participants from the United States National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2018 were included to evaluate the association between stroke and MDD. Two differentially expressed genes (DEGs) sets extracted from GSE98793 and GSE16561 datasets were intersected to generate common DEGs, which were further screened out in cytoHubba to identify hub genes. GO, KEGG, Metascape, GeneMANIA, NetworkAnalyst, and DGIdb were used for functional enrichment, pathway analysis, regulatory network analysis, and candidate drugs analysis. ssGSEA algorithm was used to analyze the immune infiltration. Results: Among the 29706 participants from NHANES 2005-2018, stroke was significantly associated with MDD (OR = 2.79,95% CI:2.26-3.43, p < 0.0001). A total of 41 common upregulated genes and eight common downregulated genes were finally identified between IS and MDD. Enrichment analysis revealed that the shared genes were mainly involved in immune response and immune-related pathways. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) was constructed, from which ten (CD163, AEG1, IRAK3, S100A12, HP, PGLYRP1, CEACAM8, MPO, LCN2, and DEFA4) were screened. In addition, gene-miRNAs, transcription factor-gene interactions, and protein-drug interactions coregulatory networks with hub genes were also identified. Finally, we observed that the innate immunity was activated while acquired immunity was suppressed in both disorders. Conclusion: We successfully identified the ten hub shared genes linking the IS and MDD and constructed the regulatory networks for them that could serve as novel targeted therapy for the comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanghuan Yang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Maokun He
- Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shifu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First people’s Hospital of Changde, Changde, China
| | - Di Liao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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5
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Eriksson MI, Syreeni A, Sandholm N, Dahlström EH, Gordin D, Tatlisumak T, Putaala J, Groop PH, Martola J, Thorn LM. Haptoglobin genotype and its relation to asymptomatic cerebral small-vessel disease in type 1 diabetes. Acta Diabetol 2023; 60:749-756. [PMID: 36856861 PMCID: PMC10148779 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM Cerebral small-vessel disease (SVD) is prevalent in type 1 diabetes and has been associated with the haptoglobin variant allele Hp1. Contrarily, the Hp2-allele has been linked to cardiovascular disease and the role of haptoglobin-genotype in asymptomatic SVD is unknown. We, therefore, aimed to evaluate the alleles' association with SVD. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 179 neurologically asymptomatic adults with type 1 diabetes (women 53%, mean age 39 ± 7 years, diabetes duration 23 ± 10 years, HbA1c 8.1 ± 3.2% [65 ± 12 mmol/mol]). Examinations included genotyping (genotypes Hp1-1, Hp2-1, Hp2-2) by polymerase chain reaction, clinical investigation, and magnetic resonance brain images assessed for SVD manifestations (white matter hyperintensities, cerebral microbleeds, and lacunar infarcts). RESULTS SVD prevalence was 34.6%. Haptoglobin genotype frequencies were 15.6% (Hp1-1), 43.6% (Hp1-2), and 40.8% (Hp2-2). Only diastolic blood pressure differed between the genotypes Hp1-1, Hp1-2, and Hp2-2 (81 [74-83], 75 [70-80], and 75 [72-81] mmHg, p = 0.019). Haptoglobin genotype frequencies by presence versus absence of SVD were 16.1%; 46.8%; 37.1% versus 15.4%; 41.9%; 42.7% (p = 0.758). Minor allele frequencies were 39.5% versus 36.3% (p = 0.553). Hp1 homozygotes and Hp2 carriers displayed equal proportions of SVD (35.7% vs 34.4%, p > 0.999) and SVD manifestations (white matter hyperintensities 14.3% vs 17.9%, p = 0.790; microbleeds 25.0% vs 21.9%, p = 0.904; lacunar infarcts 0% vs 3.6%, p > 0.999). Hp1-1 was not associated with SVD (OR 1.19, 95% CI 0.46-2.94, p = 0.712) when adjusting for age, blood pressure, and diabetic retinopathy. CONCLUSIONS Although the SVD prevalence was high, we detected no significant association between SVD and haptoglobin-genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Eriksson
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program in Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Syreeni
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program in Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - N Sandholm
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program in Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - E H Dahlström
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program in Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - D Gordin
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program in Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Minerva Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - T Tatlisumak
- Neurology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience/Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Putaala
- Neurology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland.
- Research Program in Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - J Martola
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - L M Thorn
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program in Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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6
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Syreeni A, Dahlström EH, Hägg-Holmberg S, Forsblom C, Eriksson MI, Harjutsalo V, Putaala J, Groop PH, Sandholm N, Thorn LM. Haptoglobin Genotype Does Not Confer a Risk of Stroke in Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 2022; 71:2728-2738. [PMID: 36409784 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The exon copy number variant in the haptoglobin gene is associated with cardiovascular and kidney disease. For stroke, previous research is inconclusive. We aimed to study the relationship between the haptoglobin Hp1/2 genotype and stroke in individuals with type 1 diabetes from the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy Study. We included two partially overlapping cohorts: one with haptoglobin genotypes determined using genotyping for 179 individuals with stroke and 517 matched control subjects, and the other using haptoglobin genotype imputation for a larger cohort of 500 individuals with stroke and 3,806 individuals without stroke. We observed no difference in the Hp1-1, Hp2-1, and Hp2-2 genotype frequencies between individuals with or without stroke, neither in the genotyping nor the imputation cohorts. Haptoglobin genotypes were also not associated with the ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke subtypes. In our imputed haptoglobin cohort, 61% of individuals with stroke died during follow-up. However, the risk of death was not related to the haptoglobin genotype. Diabetic kidney disease and cardiovascular events were common in the cohort, but the haptoglobin genotypes were not associated with stroke when stratified by these complications. To conclude, the Hp1/2 genotypes did not affect the risk of stroke or survival after stroke in our cohort with type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Syreeni
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emma H Dahlström
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stefanie Hägg-Holmberg
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carol Forsblom
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marika I Eriksson
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Valma Harjutsalo
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Putaala
- Department of Neurology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Per-Henrik Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Niina Sandholm
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lena M Thorn
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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7
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Andone S, Bajko Z, Motataianu A, Mosora O, Balasa R. The Role of Biomarkers in Atherothrombotic Stroke-A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22169032. [PMID: 34445740 PMCID: PMC8396595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke represents the primary debilitating disease in adults and is the second-highest cause of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis, the most prevalent etiology for vascular conditions, is a continuous process that gradually creates and develops endothelial lesions known as atherosclerotic plaques. These lesions lead to the appearance of atherothrombotic stroke. In the last decades, the role of biological biomarkers has emerged as either diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic targets. This article aims to create a list of potential biomarkers related to atherothrombotic stroke by reviewing the currently available literature. We identified 23 biomarkers and assessed their roles as risk factors, detection markers, prognostic predictors, and therapeutic targets. The central aspect of these biomarkers is related to risk stratification, especially for patients who have not yet suffered a stroke. Other valuable data are focused on the predictive capabilities for stroke patients regarding short-term and long-term prognosis, including their influence over the acute phase treatment, such as rt-PA thrombolysis. Although the role of biomarkers is anticipated to be of extreme value in the future, they cannot yet compete with traditional stroke neuroimaging markers but could be used as additional tools for etiological diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Andone
- Doctoral School, ‘George Emil Palade’ University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (S.A.); (R.B.)
- 1st Neurology Clinic, Mures County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.M.); (O.M.)
| | - Zoltan Bajko
- 1st Neurology Clinic, Mures County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.M.); (O.M.)
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology Targu Mures, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Anca Motataianu
- 1st Neurology Clinic, Mures County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.M.); (O.M.)
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology Targu Mures, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Oana Mosora
- 1st Neurology Clinic, Mures County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.M.); (O.M.)
| | - Rodica Balasa
- Doctoral School, ‘George Emil Palade’ University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (S.A.); (R.B.)
- 1st Neurology Clinic, Mures County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania; (A.M.); (O.M.)
- Department of Neurology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology Targu Mures, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
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8
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Abstract
This review summarizes the available data about genetic factors which can link ischemic stroke and sleep. Sleep patterns (subjective and objective measures) are characterized by heritability and comprise up to 38-46%. According to Mendelian randomization analysis, genetic liability for short sleep duration and frequent insomnia symptoms is associated with ischemic stroke (predominantly of large artery subtype). The potential genetic links include variants of circadian genes, genes encoding components of neurotransmitter systems, common cardiovascular risk factors, as well as specific genetic factors related to certain sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila Korostovtseva
- Sleep Laboratory, Research Department for Hypertension, Department for Cardiology, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratov Str., Saint Petersburg, 197341, Russia.
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9
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di Masi A, De Simone G, Ciaccio C, D'Orso S, Coletta M, Ascenzi P. Haptoglobin: From hemoglobin scavenging to human health. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 73:100851. [PMID: 32660714 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2020.100851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Haptoglobin (Hp) belongs to the family of acute-phase plasma proteins and represents the most important plasma detoxifier of hemoglobin (Hb). The basic Hp molecule is a tetrameric protein built by two α/β dimers. Each Hp α/β dimer is encoded by a single gene and is synthesized as a single polypeptide. Following post-translational protease-dependent cleavage of the Hp polypeptide, the α and β chains are linked by disulfide bridge(s) to generate the mature Hp protein. As human Hp gene is characterized by two common Hp1 and Hp2 alleles, three major genotypes can result (i.e., Hp1-1, Hp2-1, and Hp2-2). Hp regulates Hb clearance from circulation by the macrophage-specific receptor CD163, thus preventing Hb-mediated severe consequences for health. Indeed, the antioxidant and Hb binding properties of Hp as well as its ability to stimulate cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage and to modulate the helper T-cell type 1 and type 2 balance significantly associate with a variety of pathogenic disorders (e.g., infectious diseases, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer). Alternative functions of the variants Hp1 and Hp2 have been reported, particularly in the susceptibility and protection against infectious (e.g., pulmonary tuberculosis, HIV, and malaria) and non-infectious (e.g., diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and obesity) diseases. Both high and low levels of Hp are indicative of clinical conditions: Hp plasma levels increase during infections, inflammation, and various malignant diseases, and decrease during malnutrition, hemolysis, hepatic disease, allergic reactions, and seizure disorders. Of note, the Hp:Hb complexes display heme-based reactivity; in fact, they bind several ferrous and ferric ligands, including O2, CO, and NO, and display (pseudo-)enzymatic properties (e.g., NO and peroxynitrite detoxification). Here, genetic, biochemical, biomedical, and biotechnological aspects of Hp are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra di Masi
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanna De Simone
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara Ciaccio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, I-00133, Roma, Italy; Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Silvia D'Orso
- Department of Sciences, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi 446, I-00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Massimo Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Roma "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, I-00133, Roma, Italy; Interuniversity Consortium for the Research on the Chemistry of Metals in Biological Systems, Via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo Ascenzi
- Interdepartmental Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, I-00146, Roma, Italy.
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10
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Merkler A, Sertić J, Bazina Martinović A, Križ T, Miličić I, Šimić M, Caban D, Ljubić H, Markeljević J, Šimičević L, Kaštelan S, Pećin I, Reiner Ž. Haptoglobin genotype 2-2 associated with atherosclerosis in patients with ischemic stroke. Gene 2020; 752:144786. [PMID: 32439379 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Ischemic stroke (IS) is multifactorial disease and therefore different genes and proteins play a role in its development. Haptoglobin (Hp) removes free hemoglobin and protects from iron-induced oxidative damage, inflammatory response, atherosclerosis and cerebrovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate Hp genetic variants in patients with carotid atherosclerotic lesions and IS. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 121 subjects with IS participated in the study, 81 male and 40 female. RESULTS Among 121 patients with IS, 79 had diffuse atherosclerotic plaques and stenosis. Hp genotype was statistically significantly associated with CDFI neck carotid artery stenosis findings (p = 0.006). Patients with Hp1-2 genotype had statistically significantly larger odds for atherosclerotic changes compared to those with Hp1-1 genotype, as well as those with Hp2-2 genotype. CONCLUSION This study has shown an association of the Hp2-2 genotype and atherosclerosis in patients with IS, indicating Hp2-2 genotype as a genetic biomarker for precision medicine and personalized healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Merkler
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - J Sertić
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | - T Križ
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre 'Sestre milosrdnice', Zagreb, Croatia
| | - I Miličić
- University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Šimić
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - D Caban
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - H Ljubić
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - J Markeljević
- Department of Immunology, Pulmology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Centre 'Sestre milosrdnice', Zagreb, Croatia
| | - L Šimičević
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - S Kaštelan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - I Pećin
- University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ž Reiner
- University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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11
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Lempiäinen J, Ijäs P, Niiranen TJ, Kaste M, Karhunen PJ, Lindsberg PJ, Erkinjuntti T, Melkas S. Haptoglobin Hp1 Variant Does Not Associate with Small Vessel Disease. Brain Sci 2019; 10:brainsci10010018. [PMID: 31905636 PMCID: PMC7016682 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Haptoglobin (Hp) is a plasma protein that binds free hemoglobin and protects tissues from oxidative damage. An Hp2 allele has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. On the other hand, recent studies have suggested that Hp1 allele increases risk to develop severe cerebral small vessel disease. We aimed to replicate this finding in a first-ever stroke patient cohort. Hp was genotyped by PCR and gel electrophoresis in the Helsinki Stroke Aging Memory Study in patients with DNA and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) available (SAM; n = 316). Lacunar infarcts and white matter lesions (WML) classified by Fazekas grading from brain MRI were associated with Hp genotypes. As population controls, we used participants of Cardiovascular diseases—a sub study of Health 2000 Survey (n = 1417). In the SAM cohort, 63.0% of Hp1-1 carriers (n = 46), 52.5% of Hp1-2 carriers (n = 141) and 51.2% of Hp2-2 carriers (n = 129) had severe WML (p = 0.372). There was no difference in severe WMLs between Hp1-1 vs. Hp1-2 and Hp2-2 carriers (p = 0.201). In addition, 68.9% of Hp1-1 carriers (n = 45), 58.5% of Hp1-2 carriers (n = 135), and 61.8% of Hp2-2 carriers (n = 126) had one or more lacunar lesions (p = 0.472). There was no difference in the number of patients with at least one lacunar infarct between Hp1-1 vs. Hp1-2 and Hp2-2 groups (p = 0.322). Neither was there any difference when diabetic patients (type I and II) were examined separately. Hp1 allele is not associated with an increased risk for cerebral small vessel disease in a well-characterized Finnish stroke patient cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juha Lempiäinen
- Clinical Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (P.I.); (M.K.); (P.J.L.); (T.E.); (S.M.)
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +358-407-787-278; Fax: +358-947-185-957
| | - Petra Ijäs
- Clinical Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (P.I.); (M.K.); (P.J.L.); (T.E.); (S.M.)
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teemu J. Niiranen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland;
- Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Markku Kaste
- Clinical Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (P.I.); (M.K.); (P.J.L.); (T.E.); (S.M.)
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka J. Karhunen
- School of Medicine, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland;
- FimLab Laboratories Ltd., Tampere University Hospital Region, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Perttu J. Lindsberg
- Clinical Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (P.I.); (M.K.); (P.J.L.); (T.E.); (S.M.)
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Erkinjuntti
- Clinical Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (P.I.); (M.K.); (P.J.L.); (T.E.); (S.M.)
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susanna Melkas
- Clinical Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; (P.I.); (M.K.); (P.J.L.); (T.E.); (S.M.)
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
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12
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Robicsek SA, Bhattacharya A, Rabai F, Shukla K, Doré S. Blood-Related Toxicity after Traumatic Brain Injury: Potential Targets for Neuroprotection. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 57:159-178. [PMID: 31617072 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01766-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Emergency visits, hospitalizations, and deaths due to traumatic brain injury (TBI) have increased significantly over the past few decades. While the primary early brain trauma is highly deleterious to the brain, the secondary injury post-TBI is postulated to significantly impact mortality. The presence of blood, particularly hemoglobin, and its breakdown products and key binding proteins and receptors modulating their clearance may contribute significantly to toxicity. Heme, hemin, and iron, for example, cause membrane lipid peroxidation, generate reactive oxygen species, and sensitize cells to noxious stimuli resulting in edema, cell death, and increased morbidity and mortality. A wide range of other mechanisms such as the immune system play pivotal roles in mediating secondary injury. Effective scavenging of all of these pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory metabolites as well as controlling maladaptive immune responses is essential for limiting toxicity and secondary injury. Hemoglobin metabolism is mediated by key molecules such as haptoglobin, heme oxygenase, hemopexin, and ferritin. Genetic variability and dysfunction affecting these pathways (e.g., haptoglobin and heme oxygenase expression) have been implicated in the difference in susceptibility of individual patients to toxicity and may be target pathways for potential therapeutic interventions in TBI. Ongoing collaborative efforts are required to decipher the complexities of blood-related toxicity in TBI with an overarching goal of providing effective treatment options to all patients with TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Robicsek
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomed Sci J493, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA. .,Departments of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Ayon Bhattacharya
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomed Sci J493, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, KPC Medical College, West Bengal University of Health Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ferenc Rabai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomed Sci J493, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Krunal Shukla
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomed Sci J493, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Sylvain Doré
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, Biomed Sci J493, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA. .,Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry, Pharmaceutics and Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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13
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Wang S, Wang J, Zhang R, Zhao A, Zheng X, Yan D, Jiang F, Jia W, Hu C, Jia W. Association between serum haptoglobin and carotid arterial functions: usefulness of a targeted metabolomics approach. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2019; 18:8. [PMID: 30634984 PMCID: PMC6329046 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-019-0808-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Serum haptoglobin (Hp) has been closely associated with cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. We investigated a metabolic profile associated with circulating Hp and carotid arterial functions via a targeted metabolomics approach to provide insight into potential mechanisms. Methods A total of 240 participants, including 120 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 120 non-diabetes mellitus (non-DM) subjects were recruited in this study. Targeted metabolic profiles of serum metabolites were determined using an AbsoluteIDQ™ p180 Kit (BIOCRATES Life Sciences AG, Innsbruck, Austria). Ultrasound of the bilateral common carotid artery was used to measure intima-media thickness and inter-adventitial diameter. Serum Hp levels were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Serum Hp levels in T2DM patients and non-DM subjects were 103.40 (72.46, 131.99) mg/dL and 100.20 (53.99, 140.66) mg/dL, respectively. Significant differences of 19 metabolites and 17 metabolites were found among serum Hp tertiles in T2DM patients and non-DM subjects, respectively (P < 0.05). Of these, phosphatidylcholine acyl-alkyl C32:2 (PC ae C32:2) was the common metabolite observed in two populations, which was associated with the serum Hp groups and lipid traits (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the metabolite ratios of two acidic amino acids, including aspartate to PC ae C32:2 (Asp/PC ae C32:2) and glutamate to PC ae C32:2 (Glu/PC ae C32:2) were correlated with serum Hp, carotid arterial functions and other biochemical index in both populations significantly (P < 0.05). Conclusions Targeted metabolomics analyses might provide a new insight into the potential mechanisms underlying the association between serum Hp and carotid arterial functions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12933-019-0808-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyun Wang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Aihua Zhao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojiao Zheng
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Yan
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jia
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Hu
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China. .,Institute for Metabolic Disease, Fengxian Central Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai, 201499, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weiping Jia
- Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Rahman MT, Ghosh C, Hossain M, Linfield D, Rezaee F, Janigro D, Marchi N, van Boxel-Dezaire AHH. IFN-γ, IL-17A, or zonulin rapidly increase the permeability of the blood-brain and small intestinal epithelial barriers: Relevance for neuro-inflammatory diseases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 507:274-279. [PMID: 30449598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) precedes lesion formation in the brains of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Since recent data implicate disruption of the small intestinal epithelial barrier (IEB) in the pathogenesis of MS, we hypothesized that the increased permeability of the BBB and IEB are mechanistically linked. Zonulin, a protein produced by small intestine epithelium, can rapidly increase small intestinal permeability. Zonulin blood levels are elevated in MS, but it is unknown whether zonulin can also disrupt the BBB. Increased production of IL-17A and IFN-γ has been implicated in the pathogenesis of MS, epilepsy, and stroke, and these cytokines impact BBB integrity after 24 h. We here report that primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells expressed the EGFR and PAR2 receptors necessary to respond to zonulin, and that zonulin increased BBB permeability to a 40 kDa dextran tracer within 1 h. Moreover, both IL-17A and IFN-γ also rapidly increased BBB and IEB permeability. By using confocal microscopy, we found that exposure of the IEB to zonulin, IFN-γ, or IL-17A in vitro rapidly modified the localization of the TJ proteins, ZO-1, claudin-5, and occludin. TJ disassembly was accompanied by marked depolymerization of the peri-junctional F-actin cytoskeleton. Our data indicate that IFN-γ, IL-17A, or zonulin can increase the permeability of the IEB and BBB rapidly in vitro, by modifying TJs and the underlying actin cytoskeleton. These observations may help clarify how the gut-brain axis mediates the pathogenesis of neuro-inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed T Rahman
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Chaitali Ghosh
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Mohammed Hossain
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Debra Linfield
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Fariba Rezaee
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Damir Janigro
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Nicola Marchi
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
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15
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Bale BF, Doneen AL, Vigerust DJ. Precision Healthcare of Type 2 Diabetic Patients Through Implementation of Haptoglobin Genotyping. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:141. [PMID: 30386783 PMCID: PMC6198642 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-recognized that there is a need for medicine to migrate to a platform of delivering preventative care based on an individual's genetic make-up. The US National Research Council, the National Institute of Health and the American Heart Association all support the concept of utilizing genomic information to enhance the clinical management of patients. It is believed this type of precision healthcare will revolutionize health management. This current attitude of some of the most respected institutes in healthcare sets the stage for the utilization of the haptoglobin (Hp) genotype to guide precision management in type 2 diabetics (DM). There are three main Hp genotypes: 1-1, 2-1, 2-2. The Hp genotype has been studied extensively in (DM) and from the accumulated data it is clear that Hp should be considered in all DM patients as an additional independent cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. In DM patients Hp2-2 generates five times increased risk of CVD compared to Hp1-1 and three times increased risk compared to Hp2-1. Data has also shown that carrying the Hp2-2 gene in DM compared to carrying an Hp1-1 genotype can increase the risk the microvascular complications of nephropathy and retinopathy. In addition, the Hp2-2 gene enhances post percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) complications such as, in stent restenosis and need for additional revascularization during the first-year post PCI. Studies have demonstrated significant mitigation of CVD risk in Hp2-2 DM patients with administration of vitamin E and maintaining tight glycemic control. CVD is the leading cause of death and disability in DM as well-representing a huge financial burden. As such, evaluating the Hp genotype in DM patients can enhance the predictability and management of CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley F Bale
- Washington State University Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Amy L Doneen
- Washington State University Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - David J Vigerust
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States.,MyGenetx Clinical Laboratory, Franklin, TN, United States
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16
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Nuotio K, Ijäs P, Heikkilä HM, Koskinen SM, Saksi J, Vikatmaa P, Sorto P, Mäkitie L, Eriksson H, Kasari S, Silvennoinen H, Valanne L, Mäyränpää MI, Kovanen PT, Soinne L, Lindsberg PJ. Morphology and histology of silent and symptom-causing atherosclerotic carotid plaques - Rationale and design of the Helsinki Carotid Endarterectomy Study 2 (the HeCES2). Ann Med 2018; 50:501-510. [PMID: 30010425 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2018.1494851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Every fifth ischemic stroke is caused by thromboembolism originating from an atherosclerotic carotid artery plaque. While prevention is the most cost-effective stroke therapy, antiplatelet and cholesterol-lowering drugs have a ceiling effect in their efficacy. Therefore, discovery of novel pathophysiologic targets are needed to improve the primary and secondary prevention of stroke. This article provides a detailed study design and protocol of HeCES2, an observational prospective cohort study with the objective to investigate the pathophysiology of carotid atherosclerosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Recruitment and carotid endarterectomies of the study patients with carotid atherosclerosis were performed from October 2012 to September 2015. After brain and carotid artery imaging, endarterectomised carotid plaques (CPs) and blood samples were collected from 500 patients for detailed biochemical and molecular analyses. Findings to date: We developed a morphological grading for macroscopic characteristics within CPs. The dominant macroscopic CP characteristics were: smoothness 62%, ulceration 61%, intraplaque hemorrhage 60%, atheromatous gruel 59%, luminal coral-type calcification 34%, abundant (44%) and moderate (39%) intramural calcification, and symptom-causing "hot spot" area 53%. Future plans: By combining clinically oriented and basic biomedical research, this large-scale study attempts to untangle the pathophysiological perplexities of human carotid atherosclerosis. Key Messages This article is a rationale and design of the HeCES2 study that is an observational prospective cohort study with the objective to investigate the pathophysiology of carotid atherosclerosis. The HeCES2 study strives to develop diagnostic algorithms including radiologic imaging to identify carotid atherosclerosis patients who warrant surgical treatment. In addition, the study aims at finding out new tools for clinical risk stratification as well as novel molecular targets for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista Nuotio
- a Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, Biomedicum Helsinki , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.,b Department of Neurology , Helsinki University Hospital and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Petra Ijäs
- a Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, Biomedicum Helsinki , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.,b Department of Neurology , Helsinki University Hospital and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Hanna M Heikkilä
- a Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, Biomedicum Helsinki , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Suvi M Koskinen
- c Clinicum, Department of Neurosciences , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.,d Department of Radiology, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa Medical Imaging Center , University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Jani Saksi
- a Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, Biomedicum Helsinki , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Pirkka Vikatmaa
- e Abdominal Center, Vascular Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Pia Sorto
- a Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, Biomedicum Helsinki , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Laura Mäkitie
- a Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, Biomedicum Helsinki , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.,b Department of Neurology , Helsinki University Hospital and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Henrietta Eriksson
- a Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, Biomedicum Helsinki , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.,b Department of Neurology , Helsinki University Hospital and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Sonja Kasari
- a Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, Biomedicum Helsinki , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Heli Silvennoinen
- d Department of Radiology, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa Medical Imaging Center , University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Leena Valanne
- d Department of Radiology, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa Medical Imaging Center , University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Mikko I Mäyränpää
- f Department of Pathology , University of Helsinki and HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki , Finland
| | | | - Lauri Soinne
- a Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, Biomedicum Helsinki , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.,b Department of Neurology , Helsinki University Hospital and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Perttu J Lindsberg
- a Molecular Neurology, Research Programs Unit, Biomedicum Helsinki , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.,b Department of Neurology , Helsinki University Hospital and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
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17
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Matic LP, Jesus Iglesias M, Vesterlund M, Lengquist M, Hong MG, Saieed S, Sanchez-Rivera L, Berg M, Razuvaev A, Kronqvist M, Lund K, Caidahl K, Gillgren P, Pontén F, Uhlén M, Schwenk JM, Hansson GK, Paulsson-Berne G, Fagman E, Roy J, Hultgren R, Bergström G, Lehtiö J, Odeberg J, Hedin U. Novel Multiomics Profiling of Human Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques and Plasma Reveals Biliverdin Reductase B as a Marker of Intraplaque Hemorrhage. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2018; 3:464-480. [PMID: 30175270 PMCID: PMC6115646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Clinical tools to identify individuals with unstable atherosclerotic lesions are required to improve prevention of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. Here, a systems-based analysis of atherosclerotic plaques and plasma from patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy for stroke prevention was used to identify molecular signatures with a causal relationship to disease. Local plasma collected in the lesion proximity following clamping prior to arteriotomy was profiled together with matched peripheral plasma. This translational workflow identified biliverdin reductase B as a novel marker of intraplaque hemorrhage and unstable carotid atherosclerosis, which should be investigated as a potential predictive biomarker for cardiovascular events in larger cohorts.
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Key Words
- BLVR, biliverdin reductase
- BiKE, Biobank of Karolinska Endarterectomies
- CAC, coronary artery calcium
- CEA, carotid endarterectomy
- HMOX, heme oxygenase
- Hb, hemoglobin
- Hp, haptoglobin
- IPH, intraplaque hemorrhage
- LC-MS/MS, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry
- TMT, tandem mass tags
- atherosclerosis
- biomarkers
- intraplaque hemorrhage
- mRNA, messenger ribonucleic acid
- omics analyses
- translational studies
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljubica Perisic Matic
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Jesus Iglesias
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Proteomics, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mattias Vesterlund
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Proteomics, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mariette Lengquist
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mun-Gwan Hong
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Proteomics, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shanga Saieed
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Sanchez-Rivera
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Proteomics, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Berg
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anton Razuvaev
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malin Kronqvist
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kent Lund
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kenneth Caidahl
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Gillgren
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Surgery, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Pontén
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mathias Uhlén
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Proteomics, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jochen M Schwenk
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Proteomics, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran K Hansson
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Erika Fagman
- Department of Radiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joy Roy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rebecka Hultgren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Bergström
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Janne Lehtiö
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Proteomics, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jacob Odeberg
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Proteomics, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Coagulation Unit, Centre for Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulf Hedin
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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18
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Asleh R, Briasoulis A, Berinstein EM, Wiener JB, Palla M, Kushwaha SS, Levy AP. Meta-analysis of the association of the haptoglobin genotype with cardiovascular outcomes and the pharmacogenomic interactions with vitamin E supplementation. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2018; 11:71-82. [PMID: 29731659 PMCID: PMC5923226 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s159454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The objectives of the study were to compile and summarize the data from all of the clinical trials designed to examine the association between haptoglobin (Hp) genotype and incidence of cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and to assess the impact of vitamin E treatment on CV outcomes according to the Hp genotype. Background The Hp genotype could serve as a predictive biomarker to DM patients who may benefit from vitamin E therapy. Methods The electronic databases MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library for Central Register of Clinical Trials were searched systematically using the following MESH terms: "haptoglobin genotype", "diabetes mellitus" and "cardiovascular events". Results Overall, 13 studies fit the inclusion criteria for this analysis, yielding a large study population that included 6,161 patients without Hp 2-2 and 4,684 patients with Hp 2-2. The analysis of these studies showed that the incidence of CV events in DM patients with the Hp 2-2 genotype was significantly increased as compared to non-Hp 2-2 patients in all three subgroups of case-control (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.3-3.6; P=0.003), cohort (OR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.2-1.5; P=0.001) and randomized controlled trials (OR: 1.6, 1.2-2.2; P=0.005). Among patients with the Hp 2-2 genotype, administration of vitamin E was associated with lower rates of CV events (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.45-0.95; P=0.025). Further investigation into the association between Hp 2-2 and myocardial infarction, stroke, mortality and end-stage renal disease was also performed. Conclusion The Hp genotype is a risk factor for CV events in patients with DM, and administration of vitamin E appears to offer a low cost and accessible means of reducing CV events and mortality in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabea Asleh
- Bruce and Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Alexandros Briasoulis
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Elliot M Berinstein
- Bruce and Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Joshua B Wiener
- Bruce and Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Mohan Palla
- Department of Cardiology, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sudhir S Kushwaha
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andrew P Levy
- Bruce and Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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19
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Dupont L, Eide IA, Hartmann A, Christensen JH, Åsberg A, Jenssen T, Krarup H, Svensson M. Haptoglobin 2-2 Genotype, Patient, and Graft Survival in Renal Transplant Recipients. Prog Transplant 2017; 27:386-391. [PMID: 29187131 DOI: 10.1177/1526924817732020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in renal transplant recipients. An association between haptoglobin genotype 2-2 and cardiovascular disease has been found in patients with diabetes mellitus and liver transplant recipients. To date, the role of haptoglobin genotype after renal transplantation has not been studied. METHODS In this single-center retrospective cohort study of 1975 adult Norwegian transplant recipients, who underwent transplantation between 1999 and 2011, we estimated the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and overall and death-censored graft loss for patients with haptoglobin genotype 2-2 compared to genotype 2-1 or 1-1, after adjustment for confounders and competing risks. RESULTS We found no associations between haptoglobin genotype 2-2 and cardiovascular mortality (subdistributional hazard ratio 1.08, 95% confidence interval 0.78-1.49; P = .63). We also failed to detect any association between haptoglobin 2-2 genotype and all-cause mortality, overall graft loss, and death-censored graft loss. Similar results were found in the subpopulation of transplant recipients with diabetes. CONCLUSION In this large cohort of kidney transplant recipients, we could not demonstrate any association between haptoglobin 2-2 genotype and patient or graft survival after renal transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laust Dupont
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ivar Anders Eide
- 2 Section of Nephrology, Department of Transplant Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,3 Department of Nephrology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders Hartmann
- 2 Section of Nephrology, Department of Transplant Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,4 Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jeppe Hagstrup Christensen
- 5 Department of Nephrology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,6 Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Anders Åsberg
- 2 Section of Nephrology, Department of Transplant Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,7 The Norwegian Renal Registry, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,8 Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trond Jenssen
- 2 Section of Nephrology, Department of Transplant Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,9 Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Henrik Krarup
- 10 Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - My Svensson
- 11 Department of Nephrology, Oslo University Hospital, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
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20
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Otsuka F, Zhao X, Trout HH, Qiao Y, Wasserman BA, Nakano M, Macphee CH, Brandt M, Krug-Gourley S, Guo L, Ladich ER, Cheng Q, Davis HR, Finn AV, Virmani R, Kolodgie FD. Community-based statins and advanced carotid plaque: Role of CD163 positive macrophages in lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A 2 activity in atherosclerotic plaque. Atherosclerosis 2017; 267:78-89. [PMID: 29101839 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), an enzymatic inflammatory biomarker primarily bound to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, is associated with an approximate twofold increased risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke. Despite indications that circulating Lp-PLA2 is sensitive to statins, it remains largely unknown whether statin usage exerts local effects on Lp-PLA2 expression at the site of atheromatous plaque. METHODS Carotid plaques (n = 38) were prospectively collected from symptomatic (n = 18) and asymptomatic (n = 20) patients with (n = 20) or without (n = 18) documented statin history. In all cases, endarterectomy was performed where the primary stenosis was removed in an undisturbed manner. Serial cryosections of the presenting lesion were assessed histologically for macrophages, Lp-PLA2, and cell death (apoptotic index). RESULTS Symptomatic lesions exhibited less calcification, with greater inflammation characterized by increased expression of CD68+ and CD163+ macrophage subsets, and Lp-PLA2. Symptomatic plaques also exhibited greater necrotic core area and increased apoptosis, as compared with asymptomatic lesions. In contrast, statin treatment did not appear to influence any of these parameters, except for the extent of apoptosis, which was less in statin treated as compared with statin naïve lesions. Overall, Lp-PLA2 expression correlated positively with necrotic core area, CD68+ and CD163+ macrophage area, and cell death. Finally, in vitro assays and dual immunofluorescence staining confirmed CD163-expressing monocytes/macrophages are also a major source of Lp-PLA2. CONCLUSIONS Statin treatment has no effect on local atherosclerotic lesion Lp-PLA2 activity, therefore, the addition of anti-inflammatory treatments to further decrease macrophage Lp-PLA2 expression in atherosclerotic lesions may reduce lesional inflammation and cell death, and prevent necrotic core expansion and lesion progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hugh H Trout
- Department of Surgery, Suburban Hospital, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ye Qiao
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bruce A Wasserman
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Liang Guo
- CVPath Institute, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | | | - Qi Cheng
- CVPath Institute, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, USA
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21
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Ijäs P, Melkas S, Saksi J, Jula A, Jauhiainen M, Oksala N, Pohjasvaara T, Kaste M, Karhunen PJ, Lindsberg P, Erkinjuntti T. Haptoglobin Hp2 Variant Promotes Premature Cardiovascular Death in Stroke Survivors. Stroke 2017; 48:1463-1469. [PMID: 28487337 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.116.015683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Haptoglobin (Hp) is an acute phase plasma protein protecting tissues from oxidative damage. It exists in 2 variant alleles (hp1/hp2) giving rise to 3 protein isoforms with different biochemical properties and efficiency to limit oxidative stress. We previously found that hp2 variant is associated with stroke risk in the patients with carotid stenosis and the risk of ischemic cardiovascular events in a general population cohort. This study examined the hypothesis that Hp genotype is associated with general cardiovascular risk in patients with stroke. METHODS Hp was genotyped in SAM study (Helsinki Stroke Aging Memory, n=378). A total of 1426 individuals ascertained from a nationally representative cross-sectional health survey served as population controls. RESULTS Hp genotype frequencies were 15.6% (hp1-1), 44.2% (hp1-2), and 40.2% (hp2-2) in patients with stroke. During a mean of 7.5-year follow-up after first-ever stroke, hp2 carriers had a substantially higher rate of cardiac deaths (24.5% versus 8.5%; P=0.006) and a trend toward more fatal strokes (23.5% versus 13.6%; P=0.122). The combined risk of ischemic cardiovascular deaths was 2.4-fold higher among hp2 carriers (95% confidence interval, 1.28-4.43) after adjustment for major cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Hp2 allele is associated with premature ischemic cardiovascular deaths after first-ever ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Ijäs
- From the Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.) and Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Helsinki (I.P., J.S., P.L.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.J., M.J.); Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland (M.J.); School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (N.O., P.J.K.); and FimLab Laboratories Ltd (N.O., P.J.K.) and Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery (N.O.), Tampere University Hospital, Finland.
| | - Susanna Melkas
- From the Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.) and Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Helsinki (I.P., J.S., P.L.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.J., M.J.); Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland (M.J.); School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (N.O., P.J.K.); and FimLab Laboratories Ltd (N.O., P.J.K.) and Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery (N.O.), Tampere University Hospital, Finland
| | - Jani Saksi
- From the Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.) and Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Helsinki (I.P., J.S., P.L.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.J., M.J.); Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland (M.J.); School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (N.O., P.J.K.); and FimLab Laboratories Ltd (N.O., P.J.K.) and Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery (N.O.), Tampere University Hospital, Finland
| | - Antti Jula
- From the Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.) and Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Helsinki (I.P., J.S., P.L.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.J., M.J.); Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland (M.J.); School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (N.O., P.J.K.); and FimLab Laboratories Ltd (N.O., P.J.K.) and Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery (N.O.), Tampere University Hospital, Finland
| | - Matti Jauhiainen
- From the Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.) and Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Helsinki (I.P., J.S., P.L.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.J., M.J.); Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland (M.J.); School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (N.O., P.J.K.); and FimLab Laboratories Ltd (N.O., P.J.K.) and Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery (N.O.), Tampere University Hospital, Finland
| | - Niku Oksala
- From the Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.) and Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Helsinki (I.P., J.S., P.L.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.J., M.J.); Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland (M.J.); School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (N.O., P.J.K.); and FimLab Laboratories Ltd (N.O., P.J.K.) and Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery (N.O.), Tampere University Hospital, Finland
| | - Tarja Pohjasvaara
- From the Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.) and Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Helsinki (I.P., J.S., P.L.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.J., M.J.); Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland (M.J.); School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (N.O., P.J.K.); and FimLab Laboratories Ltd (N.O., P.J.K.) and Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery (N.O.), Tampere University Hospital, Finland
| | - Markku Kaste
- From the Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.) and Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Helsinki (I.P., J.S., P.L.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.J., M.J.); Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland (M.J.); School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (N.O., P.J.K.); and FimLab Laboratories Ltd (N.O., P.J.K.) and Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery (N.O.), Tampere University Hospital, Finland
| | - Pekka J Karhunen
- From the Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.) and Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Helsinki (I.P., J.S., P.L.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.J., M.J.); Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland (M.J.); School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (N.O., P.J.K.); and FimLab Laboratories Ltd (N.O., P.J.K.) and Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery (N.O.), Tampere University Hospital, Finland
| | - Perttu Lindsberg
- From the Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.) and Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Helsinki (I.P., J.S., P.L.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.J., M.J.); Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland (M.J.); School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (N.O., P.J.K.); and FimLab Laboratories Ltd (N.O., P.J.K.) and Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery (N.O.), Tampere University Hospital, Finland
| | - Timo Erkinjuntti
- From the Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.) and Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Helsinki (I.P., J.S., P.L.), University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland (I.P., S.M., T.P., M.K., P.L., T.E.); National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (A.J., M.J.); Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland (M.J.); School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland (N.O., P.J.K.); and FimLab Laboratories Ltd (N.O., P.J.K.) and Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery (N.O.), Tampere University Hospital, Finland
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22
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Astle WJ, Elding H, Jiang T, Allen D, Ruklisa D, Mann AL, Mead D, Bouman H, Riveros-Mckay F, Kostadima MA, Lambourne JJ, Sivapalaratnam S, Downes K, Kundu K, Bomba L, Berentsen K, Bradley JR, Daugherty LC, Delaneau O, Freson K, Garner SF, Grassi L, Guerrero J, Haimel M, Janssen-Megens EM, Kaan A, Kamat M, Kim B, Mandoli A, Marchini J, Martens JHA, Meacham S, Megy K, O'Connell J, Petersen R, Sharifi N, Sheard SM, Staley JR, Tuna S, van der Ent M, Walter K, Wang SY, Wheeler E, Wilder SP, Iotchkova V, Moore C, Sambrook J, Stunnenberg HG, Di Angelantonio E, Kaptoge S, Kuijpers TW, Carrillo-de-Santa-Pau E, Juan D, Rico D, Valencia A, Chen L, Ge B, Vasquez L, Kwan T, Garrido-Martín D, Watt S, Yang Y, Guigo R, Beck S, Paul DS, Pastinen T, Bujold D, Bourque G, Frontini M, Danesh J, Roberts DJ, Ouwehand WH, Butterworth AS, Soranzo N. The Allelic Landscape of Human Blood Cell Trait Variation and Links to Common Complex Disease. Cell 2016; 167:1415-1429.e19. [PMID: 27863252 PMCID: PMC5300907 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 777] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Many common variants have been associated with hematological traits, but identification of causal genes and pathways has proven challenging. We performed a genome-wide association analysis in the UK Biobank and INTERVAL studies, testing 29.5 million genetic variants for association with 36 red cell, white cell, and platelet properties in 173,480 European-ancestry participants. This effort yielded hundreds of low frequency (<5%) and rare (<1%) variants with a strong impact on blood cell phenotypes. Our data highlight general properties of the allelic architecture of complex traits, including the proportion of the heritable component of each blood trait explained by the polygenic signal across different genome regulatory domains. Finally, through Mendelian randomization, we provide evidence of shared genetic pathways linking blood cell indices with complex pathologies, including autoimmune diseases, schizophrenia, and coronary heart disease and evidence suggesting previously reported population associations between blood cell indices and cardiovascular disease may be non-causal.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Astle
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SR, UK; MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Heather Elding
- Department of Human Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK; The National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Tao Jiang
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Dave Allen
- Blood Research Group, NHS Blood and Transplant, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington, Oxford OX3 9BQ, UK
| | - Dace Ruklisa
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SR, UK
| | - Alice L Mann
- Department of Human Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Daniel Mead
- Department of Human Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Heleen Bouman
- Department of Human Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Fernando Riveros-Mckay
- Department of Human Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Myrto A Kostadima
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - John J Lambourne
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Suthesh Sivapalaratnam
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; Department of Haematology, Barts Health NHS Trust, The Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel Road, London, London E1 1BB, UK
| | - Kate Downes
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Kousik Kundu
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; Department of Human Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Lorenzo Bomba
- Department of Human Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Kim Berentsen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud University, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen 6525GA, the Netherlands
| | - John R Bradley
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Louise C Daugherty
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; NIHR BioResource-Rare Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Olivier Delaneau
- Département de Génétique et Développement (GEDEV), University of Geneva, 1211 Geneve 4, Switzerland
| | - Kathleen Freson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephen F Garner
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Luigi Grassi
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Jose Guerrero
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Matthias Haimel
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; NIHR BioResource-Rare Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Eva M Janssen-Megens
- Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud University, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen 6525GA, the Netherlands
| | - Anita Kaan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud University, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen 6525GA, the Netherlands
| | - Mihir Kamat
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Bowon Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud University, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen 6525GA, the Netherlands
| | - Amit Mandoli
- Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud University, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen 6525GA, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Marchini
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, 1 South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3TG, UK
| | - Joost H A Martens
- Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud University, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen 6525GA, the Netherlands
| | - Stuart Meacham
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; NIHR BioResource-Rare Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Karyn Megy
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; NIHR BioResource-Rare Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Jared O'Connell
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, 1 South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3TG, UK
| | - Romina Petersen
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Nilofar Sharifi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud University, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen 6525GA, the Netherlands
| | - Simon M Sheard
- UK Biobank Ltd., 1-4 Spectrum Way, Adswood, Stockport SK3 0SA, UK
| | - James R Staley
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Salih Tuna
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; NIHR BioResource-Rare Diseases, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Martijn van der Ent
- Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud University, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen 6525GA, the Netherlands
| | - Klaudia Walter
- Department of Human Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Shuang-Yin Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud University, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen 6525GA, the Netherlands
| | - Eleanor Wheeler
- Department of Human Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Steven P Wilder
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Valentina Iotchkova
- Department of Human Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Carmel Moore
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Jennifer Sambrook
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Hendrik G Stunnenberg
- Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud University, Faculty of Science, Nijmegen 6525GA, the Netherlands
| | - Emanuele Di Angelantonio
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; The National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Stephen Kaptoge
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; The National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Taco W Kuijpers
- Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Location H7-230, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105AZ, the Netherlands; Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Plesmanlaan 125, Amsterdam, 1066CX, the Netherlands
| | - Enrique Carrillo-de-Santa-Pau
- Structural Biology and BioComputing Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Juan
- Structural Biology and BioComputing Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Rico
- Structural Biology and BioComputing Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Alfonso Valencia
- Structural Biology and BioComputing Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; Department of Human Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Bing Ge
- Human Genetics, McGill University, 740 Dr. Penfield, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Louella Vasquez
- Department of Human Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Tony Kwan
- Human Genetics, McGill University, 740 Dr. Penfield, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Diego Garrido-Martín
- Bioinformatics and Genomics, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader, 88, Barcelona 8003, Spain; Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Plaça de la Mercè, 10- 12, Barcelona 8002, Spain
| | - Stephen Watt
- Department of Human Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Human Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Roderic Guigo
- Bioinformatics and Genomics, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader, 88, Barcelona 8003, Spain; Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Plaça de la Mercè, 10- 12, Barcelona 8002, Spain; Computational Genomics, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mediques (IMIM), Carrer del Dr. Aiguader, 88, Barcelona 8003, Spain
| | - Stephan Beck
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Dirk S Paul
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Tomi Pastinen
- Human Genetics, McGill University, 740 Dr. Penfield, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - David Bujold
- Human Genetics, McGill University, 740 Dr. Penfield, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Guillaume Bourque
- Human Genetics, McGill University, 740 Dr. Penfield, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Mattia Frontini
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - John Danesh
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; Department of Human Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK; The National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - David J Roberts
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; Department of Haematology, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK.
| | - Willem H Ouwehand
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; National Health Service (NHS) Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; Department of Human Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK; The National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; The National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Long Road, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; Department of Human Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK; The National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
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Orchard TJ, Backlund JYC, Costacou T, Cleary P, Lopes-Virella M, Levy AP, Lachin JM. Haptoglobin 2-2 genotype and the risk of coronary artery disease in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications study (DCCT/EDIC). J Diabetes Complications 2016; 30:1577-1584. [PMID: 27539884 PMCID: PMC5050105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Haptoglobin(Hp) 2-2 genotype has been shown to increase coronary artery disease (CAD) risk in numerous type 2 diabetes studies but in only one type 1 diabetes cohort. We assessed the association of Hp2-2 with incident CAD over 26years of follow-up in 1303 Caucasian participants of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) study. METHODS DCCT randomized volunteers with type 1 diabetes to intensive versus conventional therapy within two cohorts: 'primary prevention' with 1-5years diabetes duration and 'secondary intervention' with 1-15years diabetes duration and early retinopathy, with or without albuminuria, but no advanced complications. CAD was defined as myocardial infarction (MI) or death judged to be from CAD, silent MI, angina, coronary revascularization, or congestive heart failure due to CAD. RESULTS In the entire DCCTcohort, Hp2-2 was not significantly associated with incident CAD or MI. However, in pre-specified exploratory subgroup analyses, an increased MI risk was suggested in the secondary cohort for those with Hp2-2. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The analysis does not statistically confirm an overall association between Hp 2-2 and incident CAD, however, some suggestions of associations were observed in secondary analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor J Orchard
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jye-Yu C Backlund
- The Biostatistics Center, The George Washington University, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Tina Costacou
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Patricia Cleary
- The Biostatistics Center, The George Washington University, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | | | - John M Lachin
- The Biostatistics Center, The George Washington University, Rockville, MD, USA.
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24
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Murthy SB, Caplan J, Levy AP, Pradilla G, Moradiya Y, Schneider EB, Shalom H, Ziai WC, Tamargo RJ, Nyquist PA. Haptoglobin 2-2 Genotype Is Associated With Cerebral Salt Wasting Syndrome in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Neurosurgery 2016; 78:71-6. [PMID: 26348010 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000001000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Haptoglobin (Hp) genotype has been shown to be a predictor of clinical outcomes in subarachnoid hemorrhage. Cerebral salt wasting (CSW) has been suggested to precede the development of symptomatic vasospasm. OBJECTIVE To determine if Hp genotype was associated with CSW and subsequent vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. METHODS Hp genotypic determination was done for patients admitted with a diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Outcome measures included CSW, delayed cerebral infarction, and Glasgow Outcome Score of 4 to 5 at 30 days. Criteria for CSW included hyponatremia <135 mEq/L, and urine output >4 L in 12 hours with urine sodium >40 mEq/L. RESULTS A total of 133 patients were included in the study. The 3 Hp subgroups did not differ in terms of baseline characteristics. CSW occurred in 1 patient (3.4%) with Hp 1-1, 8 (14.0%) patients with Hp 2-1, and 15 (31.9%) patients with Hp 2-2 (P = .004). In the multivariate regression model, Hp 2-2 was associated with CSW (odds ratio [OR]: 4.94; CI: 1.78-17.43; P = .01), but Hp 2-1 was not (OR: 2.92; CI: 0.56-4.95; P = .15) compared with Hp 1-1. There were no associations between Hp genotypes and functional outcome or delayed cerebral infarction. CSW was associated with delayed cerebral infarction (OR: 7.46; 95% CI: 2.54-21.9; P < .001). CONCLUSION Hp 2-2 genotype was an independent predictor of CSW after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Because CSW is strongly associated with delayed cerebral infarction, the use of Hp genotype testing requires more investigation, and larger prospective confirmation is warranted. Additionally, a more objective definition of CSW needs to be delineated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh B Murthy
- *Division of Neurosciences Critical Care and‡Department of Neurological Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;§Department of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel;¶Department of Neurological Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia;‖Center for Surgical Trials and Outcomes Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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25
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Graves KL, Vigerust DJ. Hp: an inflammatory indicator in cardiovascular disease. Future Cardiol 2016; 12:471-81. [DOI: 10.2217/fca-2016-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade significant advancement has occurred in the biological and pathological role that Hp has in cardiovascular disease. Hp is an acute-phase protein with a role in the neutralization and clearance of free heme. Iron has tremendous potential for initiating vascular oxidation, inflammation and exacerbating coronary atherosclerosis. Hp genotype has been linked as a prognostic biomarker of acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, restenosis and cardiac transplant rejection. The increased understanding of Hp as a biomarker has provided new insights into the mechanisms of inflammation after cardiac injury and support the concept that Hp is not only an important antioxidant in vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis, but also an enhancer of inflammation in cardiac transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David J Vigerust
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
- MyGenetx Clinical Laboratories, Franklin, TN 37067, USA
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26
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Abstract
In Brief Prospective identification of individuals with diabetes who are at greatest risk for developing complications would have considerable public health importance by allowing appropriate resources to be focused on those who would benefit most from aggressive intervention. Haptoglobin (Hp) is an acute-phase protein that is crucial for the elimination of free hemoglobin and the neutralization of oxidative damage. In the past two decades, associations have been made between polymorphisms in Hp and complications arising from diabetes. Individuals with polymorphism in Hp have been shown to have significantly higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease. This review summarizes the current literature on the role of Hp in health and disease, with a focus on diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David J. Vigerust
- MyGenetx Clinical Laboratories, Franklin, TN
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Neurological Surgery, Nashville, TN
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27
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Mendonça R, Silveira AAA, Conran N. Red cell DAMPs and inflammation. Inflamm Res 2016; 65:665-78. [PMID: 27251171 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-016-0955-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravascular hemolysis, or the destruction of red blood cells in the circulation, can occur in numerous diseases, including the acquired hemolytic anemias, sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia, as well as during some transfusion reactions, preeclampsia and infections, such as those caused by malaria or Clostridium perfringens. Hemolysis results in the release of large quantities of red cell damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) into the circulation, which, if not neutralized by innate protective mechanisms, have the potential to activate multiple inflammatory pathways. One of the major red cell DAMPs, heme, is able to activate converging inflammatory pathways, such as toll-like receptor signaling, neutrophil extracellular trap formation and inflammasome formation, suggesting that this DAMP both activates and amplifies inflammation. Other potent DAMPs that may be released by the erythrocytes upon their rupture include heat shock proteins (Hsp), such as Hsp70, interleukin-33 and Adenosine 5' triphosphate. As such, hemolysis represents a major inflammatory mechanism that potentially contributes to the clinical manifestations that have been associated with the hemolytic diseases, such as pulmonary hypertension and leg ulcers, and likely plays a role in specific complications of sickle cell disease such as endothelial activation, vaso-occlusive processes and tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Mendonça
- Hematology Center, School of Medicine, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Angélica A A Silveira
- Hematology Center, School of Medicine, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Nicola Conran
- Hematology Center, School of Medicine, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil.
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Perisic L, Aldi S, Sun Y, Folkersen L, Razuvaev A, Roy J, Lengquist M, Åkesson S, Wheelock CE, Maegdefessel L, Gabrielsen A, Odeberg J, Hansson GK, Paulsson-Berne G, Hedin U. Gene expression signatures, pathways and networks in carotid atherosclerosis. J Intern Med 2016; 279:293-308. [PMID: 26620734 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Embolism from unstable atheromas in the carotid bifurcation is a major cause of stroke. Here, we analysed gene expression in endarterectomies from patients with symptomatic (S) and asymptomatic (AS) carotid stenosis to identify pathways linked to plaque instability. METHODS Microarrays were prepared from plaques (n = 127) and peripheral blood samples (n = 96) of S and AS patients. Gene set enrichment, pathway mapping and network analyses of differentially expressed genes were performed. RESULTS These studies revealed upregulation of haemoglobin metabolism (P = 2.20E-05) and bone resorption (P = 9.63E-04) in S patients. Analysis of subgroups of patients indicated enrichment of calcification and osteoblast differentiation in S patients on statins, as well as inflammation and apoptosis in plaques removed >1 month compared to <2 weeks after symptom. By prediction profiling, a panel of 30 genes, mostly transcription factors, discriminated between plaques from S versus AS patients with 78% accuracy. By meta-analysis, common gene networks associated with atherosclerosis mapped to hypoxia, chemokines, calcification, actin cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix. A set of dysregulated genes (LMOD1, SYNPO2, PLIN2 and PPBP) previously not described in atherosclerosis were identified from microarrays and validated by quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirmed a central role for inflammation and proteases in plaque instability, and highlighted haemoglobin metabolism and bone resorption as important pathways. Subgroup analysis suggested prolonged inflammation following the symptoms of plaque instability and calcification as a possible stabilizing mechanism by statins. In addition, transcriptional regulation may play an important role in the determination of plaque phenotype. The results from this study will serve as a basis for further exploration of molecular signatures in carotid atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Perisic
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Aldi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Y Sun
- Translational Science Center, Personalized Healthcare and Biomarkers, R&D, Astra Zeneca, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Folkersen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Novo Nordisk, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Razuvaev
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Roy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Lengquist
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Åkesson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C E Wheelock
- Division of Physiological Chemistry 2, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Maegdefessel
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Gabrielsen
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Odeberg
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Proteomics, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G K Hansson
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - U Hedin
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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29
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Satopää J, Niemelä M. Blood and the Brain. World Neurosurg 2015; 84:228-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2015.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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30
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Murthy SB, Levy AP, Duckworth J, Schneider EB, Shalom H, Hanley DF, Tamargo RJ, Nyquist PA. Presence of haptoglobin-2 allele is associated with worse functional outcomes after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. World Neurosurg 2014; 83:583-7. [PMID: 25527876 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2014.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if the haptoglobin (Hp) phenotype, which has been shown to be a predictor of clinical outcomes in cerebrovascular disorders, particularly subarachnoid hemorrhage, was predictive of functional outcomes after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). METHODS Patients admitted with a diagnosis of ICH were prospectively included and divided into 3 groups based on their genetically determined Hp phenotype: 1-1, 2-1, and 2-2. Outcome measures included mortality and 30-day modified Rankin Scale scores. Demographics and outcomes were compared for each phenotype using multivariate linear regression analysis. RESULTS The study included 94 patients. The distribution of Hp phenotype was Hp 1-1, 12 (13%); Hp 2-1, 46 (49%); and Hp 2-2, 36 (38%). The 3 Hp subgroups did not differ in terms of demographic variables, comorbidities, or ICH characteristics. There was a nonsignificant trend toward increased mortality in Hp 2-1 and Hp 2-2 compared with Hp 1-1, with mortality of 8% in Hp 1-1, 17% in Hp 2-1, and 25% in Hp 2-2 (P = 0.408). In the regression model adjusted for confounders, Hp 2-1 (odds ratio = 0.05, 95% confidence interval = 0.01-0.47, P < 0.001) and Hp 2-2 phenotypes (odds ratio = 0.14, 95% confidence interval = 0.02-0.86, P = 0.045) had significantly lower odds of modified Rankin Scale scores 0-2 compared with Hp 1-1. CONCLUSIONS After ICH, individuals with the Hp-2 allele (2-1 and 2-2) had worse functional outcomes than individuals with the Hp-1 allele (Hp 1-1). There was a nonsignificant association between Hp phenotype and mortality. Larger prospective studies with better surrogates of ICH outcomes are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh B Murthy
- Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| | - Andrew P Levy
- Department of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Joshua Duckworth
- Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Eric B Schneider
- Center for Surgical Trials and Outcomes Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hadar Shalom
- Department of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Daniel F Hanley
- Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Rafael J Tamargo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Paul A Nyquist
- Division of Neurosciences Critical Care, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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31
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Circulating acute phase proteins in relation to extent and composition of coronary atherosclerosis and cardiovascular outcome: Results from the ATHEROREMO-IVUS study. Int J Cardiol 2014; 177:847-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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32
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Vinchi F, Muckenthaler MU, Da Silva MC, Balla G, Balla J, Jeney V. Atherogenesis and iron: from epidemiology to cellular level. Front Pharmacol 2014; 5:94. [PMID: 24847266 PMCID: PMC4017151 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron accumulates in human atherosclerotic lesions but whether it is a cause or simply a downstream consequence of the atheroma formation has been an open question for decades. According to the so called "iron hypothesis," iron is believed to be detrimental for the cardiovascular system, thus promoting atherosclerosis development and progression. Iron, in its catalytically active form, can participate in the generation of reactive oxygen species and induce lipid-peroxidation, triggering endothelial activation, smooth muscle cell proliferation and macrophage activation; all of these processes are considered to be proatherogenic. On the other hand, the observation that hemochromatotic patients, affected by life-long iron overload, do not show any increased incidence of atherosclerosis is perceived as the most convincing evidence against the "iron hypothesis." Epidemiological studies and data from animal models provided conflicting evidences about the role of iron in atherogenesis. Therefore, more careful studies are needed in which issues like the source and the compartmentalization of iron will be addressed. This review article summarizes what we have learnt about iron and atherosclerosis from epidemiological studies, animal models and cellular systems and highlights the rather contributory than innocent role of iron in atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Vinchi
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University of Heidelberg Heidelberg, Germany ; Molecular Medicine and Partnership Unit, University of Heidelberg Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martina U Muckenthaler
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University of Heidelberg Heidelberg, Germany ; Molecular Medicine and Partnership Unit, University of Heidelberg Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Milene C Da Silva
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology, University of Heidelberg Heidelberg, Germany ; Molecular Medicine and Partnership Unit, University of Heidelberg Heidelberg, Germany
| | - György Balla
- MTA-DE Vascular Biology, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Debrecen, Hungary ; Department of Pediatrics, University of Debrecen Debrecen, Hungary
| | - József Balla
- Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Viktória Jeney
- MTA-DE Vascular Biology, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Debrecen, Hungary ; Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen Debrecen, Hungary
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Michel JB, Martin-Ventura JL, Nicoletti A, Ho-Tin-Noé B. Pathology of human plaque vulnerability: mechanisms and consequences of intraplaque haemorrhages. Atherosclerosis 2014; 234:311-9. [PMID: 24726899 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atherothrombotic diseases are still major causes of inability and mortality and fighting atherothrombosis remains a public health priority. The involvement of repeated intraplaque haemorrhages (IPH) in the evolution of atherothrombotic lesions towards complications was proposed as early as 1936. This important topic has been recently revisited and reviewed. Histological observations have been corroborated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of human carotid atheroma, identifying IPH as the main determinant of plaque evolution towards rupture. Beside the intimal integration of asymptomatic luminal coagulum, inward sprouting of neovessels from the adventitia towards the plaque, is one source of IPH in human atheroma. We recently described that directed neo-angiogenesis from the adventitia towards the plaque, across the media, is initiated by lipid mediators generated by the plaque on the luminal side, outwardly convected to the medial VSMCs. Subsequent stimulation of VSMC PPAR-γ receptors induces VEGF expression which causes centripetal sprouting of adventitial vessels. However, this neovascularization is considered to be immature and highly susceptible to leakage. The main cellular components of IPH are Red Blood Cells (RBCs), which with their haemoglobin content and their cell membrane components, particularly enriched in unesterified cholesterol, participate in both the oxidative process and cholesterol accumulation. The presence of iron, glycophorin A and ceroids provides evidence of RBCs. IPH also convey blood leukocytes and platelets and are sites prone to weak pathogen contamination. Therefore prevention and treatment of the biological consequences of IPH pave the way to innovative preventive strategies and improved therapeutic options in human atherothrombotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antonino Nicoletti
- UMR 1148 Inserm-Paris7 University, Xavier Bichat Hospital, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Benoit Ho-Tin-Noé
- UMR 1148 Inserm-Paris7 University, Xavier Bichat Hospital, 75018 Paris, France
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