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Lemche E, Killick R, Mitchell J, Caton PW, Choudhary P, Howard JK. Molecular mechanisms linking type 2 diabetes mellitus and late-onset Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and qualitative meta-analysis. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 196:106485. [PMID: 38643861 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Research evidence indicating common metabolic mechanisms through which type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases risk of late-onset Alzheimer's dementia (LOAD) has accumulated over recent decades. The aim of this systematic review is to provide a comprehensive review of common mechanisms, which have hitherto been discussed in separate perspectives, and to assemble and evaluate candidate loci and epigenetic modifications contributing to polygenic risk linkages between T2DM and LOAD. For the systematic review on pathophysiological mechanisms, both human and animal studies up to December 2023 are included. For the qualitative meta-analysis of genomic bases, human association studies were examined; for epigenetic mechanisms, data from human studies and animal models were accepted. Papers describing pathophysiological studies were identified in databases, and further literature gathered from cited work. For genomic and epigenomic studies, literature mining was conducted by formalised search codes using Boolean operators in search engines, and augmented by GeneRif citations in Entrez Gene, and other sources (WikiGenes, etc.). For the systematic review of pathophysiological mechanisms, 923 publications were evaluated, and 138 gene loci extracted for testing candidate risk linkages. 3 57 publications were evaluated for genomic association and descriptions of epigenomic modifications. Overall accumulated results highlight insulin signalling, inflammation and inflammasome pathways, proteolysis, gluconeogenesis and glycolysis, glycosylation, lipoprotein metabolism and oxidation, cell cycle regulation or survival, autophagic-lysosomal pathways, and energy. Documented findings suggest interplay between brain insulin resistance, neuroinflammation, insult compensatory mechanisms, and peripheral metabolic dysregulation in T2DM and LOAD linkage. The results allow for more streamlined longitudinal studies of T2DM-LOAD risk linkages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin Lemche
- Section of Cognitive Neuropsychiatry and Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
| | - Richard Killick
- Section of Old Age Psychiatry, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Jackie Mitchell
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neurosciences, Maurice Wohl CIinical Neurosciences Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, United Kingdom
| | - Paul W Caton
- Diabetes Research Group, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, Hodgkin Building, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Pratik Choudhary
- Diabetes Research Group, Weston Education Centre, King's College London, 10 Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jane K Howard
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, Hodgkin Building, Guy's Campus, King's College London, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
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2
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Cui W, Lv C, Geng P, Fu M, Zhou W, Xiong M, Li T. Novel targets and therapies of metformin in dementia: old drug, new insights. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1415740. [PMID: 38881878 PMCID: PMC11176471 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1415740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Dementia is a devastating disorder characterized by progressive and persistent cognitive decline, imposing a heavy public health burden on the individual and society. Despite numerous efforts by researchers in the field of dementia, pharmacological treatments are limited to relieving symptoms and fail to prevent disease progression. Therefore, studies exploring novel therapeutics or repurposing classical drugs indicated for other diseases are urgently needed. Metformin, a first-line antihyperglycemic drug used to treat type 2 diabetes, has been shown to be beneficial in neurodegenerative diseases including dementia. This review discusses and evaluates the neuroprotective role of metformin in dementia, from the perspective of basic and clinical studies. Mechanistically, metformin has been shown to improve insulin resistance, reduce neuronal apoptosis, and decrease oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the brain. Collectively, the current data presented here support the future potential of metformin as a potential therapeutic strategy for dementia. This study also inspires a new field for future translational studies and clinical research to discover novel therapeutic targets for dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxing Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chen Lv
- Hangzhou Simo Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Panling Geng
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingdi Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenjing Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingxiang Xiong
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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3
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Kim RY, Joo Y, Ha E, Hong H, Suh C, Shim Y, Lee H, Kim Y, Cho JH, Yoon S, Lyoo IK. Alterations in Brain Morphometric Networks and Their Relationship with Memory Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Exp Neurobiol 2024; 33:107-117. [PMID: 38724480 PMCID: PMC11089400 DOI: 10.5607/en24005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction, a significant complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), can potentially manifest even from the early stages of the disease. Despite evidence of global brain atrophy and related cognitive dysfunction in early-stage T2DM patients, specific regions vulnerable to these changes have not yet been identified. The study enrolled patients with T2DM of less than five years' duration and without chronic complications (T2DM group, n=100) and demographically similar healthy controls (control group, n=50). High-resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging data were subjected to independent component analysis to identify structurally significant components indicative of morphometric networks. Within these networks, the groups' gray matter volumes were compared, and distinctions in memory performance were assessed. In the T2DM group, the relationship between changes in gray matter volume within these networks and declines in memory performance was examined. Among the identified morphometric networks, the T2DM group exhibited reduced gray matter volumes in both the precuneus (Bonferroni-corrected p=0.003) and insular-opercular (Bonferroni-corrected p=0.024) networks relative to the control group. Patients with T2DM demonstrated significantly lower memory performance than the control group (p=0.001). In the T2DM group, reductions in gray matter volume in both the precuneus (r=0.316, p=0.001) and insular-opercular (r=0.199, p=0.047) networks were correlated with diminished memory performance. Our findings indicate that structural alterations in the precuneus and insular-opercular networks, along with memory dysfunction, can manifest within the first 5 years following a diagnosis of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rye Young Kim
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Yoonji Joo
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Eunji Ha
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Haejin Hong
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Chaewon Suh
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Youngeun Shim
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Hyeonji Lee
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Yejin Kim
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyoung Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Sujung Yoon
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - In Kyoon Lyoo
- Ewha Brain Institute, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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Yang H, Kuang M, Qiu J, He S, Yu C, Sheng G, Zou Y. Relative importance of triglyceride glucose index combined with body mass index in predicting recovery from prediabetic state to normal fasting glucose: a cohort analysis based on a Chinese physical examination population. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:71. [PMID: 38459527 PMCID: PMC10921811 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02060-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prediabetes is a high-risk state for diabetes, and numerous studies have shown that the body mass index (BMI) and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index play significant roles in risk prediction for blood glucose metabolism. This study aims to evaluate the relative importance of BMI combination with TyG index (TyG-BMI) in predicting the recovery from prediabetic status to normal blood glucose levels. METHODS A total of 25,397 prediabetic subjects recruited from 32 regions across China. Normal fasting glucose (NFG), prediabetes, and diabetes were defined referring to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria. After normalizing the independent variables, the impact of TyG-BMI on the recovery or progression of prediabetes was analyzed through the Cox regression models. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was utilized to visualize and compare the predictive value of TyG-BMI and its constituent components in prediabetes recovery/progression. RESULTS During the average observation period of 2.96 years, 10,305 individuals (40.58%) remained in the prediabetic state, 11,278 individuals (44.41%) recovered to NFG, and 3,814 individuals (15.02%) progressed to diabetes. The results of multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that TyG-BMI was negatively associated with recovery from prediabetes to NFG and positively associated with progression from prediabetes to diabetes. Further ROC analysis revealed that TyG-BMI had higher impact and predictive value in predicting prediabetes recovering to NFG or progressing to diabetes in comparison to the TyG index and BMI. Specifically, the TyG-BMI threshold for predicting prediabetes recovery was 214.68, while the threshold for predicting prediabetes progression was 220.27. Additionally, there were significant differences in the relationship of TyG-BMI with prediabetes recovering to NFG or progressing to diabetes within age subgroups. In summary, TyG-BMI is more suitable for assessing prediabetes recovery or progression in younger populations (< 45 years old). CONCLUSIONS This study, for the first time, has revealed the significant impact and predictive value of the TyG index in combination with BMI on the recovery from prediabetic status to normal blood glucose levels. From the perspective of prediabetes intervention, maintaining TyG-BMI within the threshold of 214.68 holds crucial significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Maobin Kuang
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jiajun Qiu
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shiming He
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Changhui Yu
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Guotai Sheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Yang Zou
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China.
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Tuerxun R, Kamagata K, Saito Y, Andica C, Takabayashi K, Uchida W, Yoshida S, Kikuta J, Tabata H, Naito H, Someya Y, Kaga H, Miyata M, Akashi T, Wada A, Taoka T, Naganawa S, Tamura Y, Watada H, Kawamori R, Aoki S. Assessing interstitial fluid dynamics in type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes cases through diffusion tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1362457. [PMID: 38515515 PMCID: PMC10954820 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1362457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Glymphatic system in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) but not in the prodrome, prediabetes (Pre-DM) was investigated using diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS). Association between glymphatic system and insulin resistance of prominent characteristic in T2DM and Pre-DM between is yet elucidated. Therefore, this study delves into the interstitial fluid dynamics using the DTI-ALPS in both Pre-DM and T2DM and association with insulin resistance. Materials and methods In our cross-sectional study, we assessed 70 elderly individuals from the Bunkyo Health Study, which included 22 with Pre-DM, 18 with T2DM, and 33 healthy controls with normal glucose metabolism (NGM). We utilized the general linear model (GLM) to evaluate the ALPS index based on DTI-ALPS across these groups, considering variables like sex, age, intracranial volume, years of education, anamnesis of hypertension and hyperlipidemia, and the total Fazekas scale. Furthermore, we have explored the relationship between the ALPS index and insulin resistance, as measured by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) using GLM and the same set of covariates. Results In the T2DM group, the ALPS index demonstrated a reduction compared with the NGM group [family-wise error (FWE)-corrected p < 0.001; Cohen's d = -1.32]. Similarly, the Pre-DM group had a lower ALPS index than the NGM group (FWE-corrected p < 0.001; Cohen's d = -1.04). However, there was no significant disparity between the T2DM and Pre-DM groups (FWE-corrected p = 1.00; Cohen's d = -0.63). A negative correlation was observed between the ALPS index and HOMA-IR in the combined T2DM and Pre-DM groups (partial correlation coefficient r = -0.35, p < 0.005). Conclusion The ALPS index significantly decreased in both the pre-DM and T2DM groups and showed a correlated with insulin resistance. This indicated that changes in interstitial fluid dynamics are associated with insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rukeye Tuerxun
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Kamagata
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuya Saito
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Christina Andica
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Health Data Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kaito Takabayashi
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wataru Uchida
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seina Yoshida
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Kikuta
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tabata
- Sportology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Naito
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Someya
- Sportology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideyoshi Kaga
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mari Miyata
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Akashi
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Wada
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Taoka
- Department of Innovative Biomedical Visualization, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinji Naganawa
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Tamura
- Sportology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Watada
- Sportology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuzo Kawamori
- Sportology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Aoki
- Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Polat Köse L. Evaluation of Antioxidant Capacity, Anticholinergic and Antidiabetic Activities, and Phenolic Ingredients of Asphodelus aestivus by LC-MS/MS. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301965. [PMID: 38237081 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
Herein, it was aimed to evaluate three different extracts of the plant Asphodelus aestivus in terms of their antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content, flavonoid profile, and anticholinergic and antidiabetic activity. In addition, the phenolic content of the A. aestivus extracts was determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. The results obtained in the antioxidant studies were checked against butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, Trolox, and α-tocopherol antioxidants, which are reference standards. The half-maximal inhibition concentration (IC50 ) values of A. aestivus for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) removal activity were 245.015-285.851 and 285.818-371.563 μg/mL, respectively. Then, the reducing impact of A. aestivus extracts was evaluated by the cupric ion (Cu2+ ), ferric ion (Fe3+ ), and Fe3+ -TPTZ reducing capabilities. Moreover, 0.058, 0.064, and 0.100 μg of gallic acid equivalent of phenolic and 0.500, 1.212, and 2.074 μg of quercetin equivalent of flavonoid contents were determined from 1 mg of ethanol, water, and water-ethanol extracts, respectively. For water-ethanol, ethanol, and water extracts of A. aestivus, IC50 values of 0.062±0.0001, 0.068±0.0002, and 0.090±0.0001 μg/mL against acetylcholinesterase, respectively, were calculated. In addition, against the enzyme α-glucosidase IC50 values of 16.376±0.2216, 18.907±0.3004, and 24.471±0.4929 μg/mL, respectively, were calculated. Extracts showed considerable biological activities thanks to the important molecules they contain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla Polat Köse
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School, İstanbul Beykent University, 34500, İstanbul, Turkey
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Boyd ED, Zhang L, Ding G, Li L, Lu M, Li Q, Huang R, Kaur J, Hu J, Chopp M, Zhang Z, Jiang Q. The Glymphatic Response to the Development of Type 2 Diabetes. Biomedicines 2024; 12:401. [PMID: 38398003 PMCID: PMC10886551 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The glymphatic system has recently been shown to be important in neurological diseases, including diabetes. However, little is known about how the progressive onset of diabetes affects the glymphatic system. The aim of this study is to investigate the glymphatic system response to the progressive onset of diabetes in a rat model of type 2 diabetic mellitus. Male Wistar rats (n = 45) with and without diabetes were evaluated using MRI glymphatic tracer kinetics, functional tests, and brain tissue immunohistochemistry. Our data demonstrated that the contrast agent clearance impairment gradually progressed with the diabetic duration. The MRI data showed that an impairment in contrast clearance occurred prior to the cognitive deficits detected using functional tests and permitted the detection of an early DM stage compared to the immuno-histopathology and cognitive tests. Additionally, the quantitative MRI markers of brain waste clearance demonstrated region-dependent sensitivity in glymphatic impairment. The improved sensitivity of MRI markers in the olfactory bulb and the whole brain at an early DM stage may be attributed to the important role of the olfactory bulb in the parenchymal efflux pathway. MRI can provide sensitive quantitative markers of glymphatic impairment during the progression of DM and can be used as a valuable tool for the early diagnosis of DM with a potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward D. Boyd
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, E&R B126, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (L.Z.); (G.D.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (J.K.); (M.C.); (Z.Z.); (Q.J.)
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, E&R B126, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (L.Z.); (G.D.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (J.K.); (M.C.); (Z.Z.); (Q.J.)
| | - Guangliang Ding
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, E&R B126, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (L.Z.); (G.D.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (J.K.); (M.C.); (Z.Z.); (Q.J.)
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Lian Li
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, E&R B126, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (L.Z.); (G.D.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (J.K.); (M.C.); (Z.Z.); (Q.J.)
| | - Mei Lu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
| | - Qingjiang Li
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, E&R B126, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (L.Z.); (G.D.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (J.K.); (M.C.); (Z.Z.); (Q.J.)
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, E&R B126, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (L.Z.); (G.D.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (J.K.); (M.C.); (Z.Z.); (Q.J.)
| | - Jasleen Kaur
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, E&R B126, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (L.Z.); (G.D.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (J.K.); (M.C.); (Z.Z.); (Q.J.)
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA
| | - Jiani Hu
- Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
| | - Michael Chopp
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, E&R B126, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (L.Z.); (G.D.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (J.K.); (M.C.); (Z.Z.); (Q.J.)
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 28202, USA
| | - Zhenggang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, E&R B126, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (L.Z.); (G.D.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (J.K.); (M.C.); (Z.Z.); (Q.J.)
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 28202, USA
| | - Quan Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, E&R B126, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; (L.Z.); (G.D.); (L.L.); (Q.L.); (J.K.); (M.C.); (Z.Z.); (Q.J.)
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA
- Department of Neurology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 28202, USA
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8
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Agerskov RH, Nyeng P. Innervation of the pancreas in development and disease. Development 2024; 151:dev202254. [PMID: 38265192 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The autonomic nervous system innervates the pancreas by sympathetic, parasympathetic and sensory branches during early organogenesis, starting with neural crest cell invasion and formation of an intrinsic neuronal network. Several studies have demonstrated that signals from pancreatic neural crest cells direct pancreatic endocrinogenesis. Likewise, autonomic neurons have been shown to regulate pancreatic islet formation, and have also been implicated in type I diabetes. Here, we provide an overview of recent progress in mapping pancreatic innervation and understanding the interactions between pancreatic neurons, epithelial morphogenesis and cell differentiation. Finally, we discuss pancreas innervation as a factor in the development of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke Hoegsberg Agerskov
- Roskilde University, Department of Science and Environment, Universitetsvej 1, building 28, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
| | - Pia Nyeng
- Roskilde University, Department of Science and Environment, Universitetsvej 1, building 28, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
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9
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Yang H, Kuang M, Yang R, Xie G, Sheng G, Zou Y. Evaluation of the role of atherogenic index of plasma in the reversion from Prediabetes to normoglycemia or progression to Diabetes: a multi-center retrospective cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:17. [PMID: 38184569 PMCID: PMC10771677 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-02108-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is closely linked with glucose metabolism. We aimed to investigate the role of the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in the reversal of prediabetes to normal blood glucose levels or its progression to diabetes. METHODS This multi-center retrospective cohort study included 15,421 prediabetic participants from 32 regions across 11 cities in China, under the aegis of the Rich Healthcare Group's affiliated medical examination institutions. Throughout the follow-up period, we monitored changes in the glycemic status of these participants, including reversal to normal fasting glucose (NFG), persistence in the prediabetic state, or progression to diabetes. Segmented regression, stratified analysis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were performed based on the multivariable Cox regression model to evaluate the association between AIP and the reversal of prediabetes to NFG or progression to diabetes. RESULTS During a median follow-up period of 2.9 years, we recorded 6,481 individuals (42.03%) reverting from prediabetes to NFG, and 2,424 individuals (15.72%) progressing to diabetes. After adjusting for confounders, AIP showed a positive correlation with the progression from prediabetes to diabetes [(Hazard ratio (HR) 1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.24-1.64)] and a negative correlation with the reversion from prediabetes to NFG (HR 0.89, 95%CI:0.81-0.98); further RCS demonstrated a nonlinear relationship between AIP and the reversion from prediabetes to NFG/progression to diabetes, identifying a turning point of 0.04 for reversion to NFG and 0.17 for progression to diabetes. In addition, we observed significant differences in the association between AIP and reversion from prediabetes to NFG/progression to diabetes across age subgroups, specifically indicating that the risk associated with AIP for progression from prediabetes to diabetes was relatively higher in younger populations; likewise, a younger age within the adult group favored the reversion from prediabetes to NFG in relation to AIP. CONCLUSION Our study, for the first time, reveals a negative correlation between AIP and the reversion from prediabetes to normoglycemia and validates the crucial role of AIP in the risk assessment of prediabetes progression. Based on threshold analysis, therapeutically, keeping the AIP below 0.04 was of paramount importance for individuals with prediabetes aiming for reversion to NFG; preventatively, maintaining AIP below 0.17 was vital to reduce the risk of diabetes onset for those with prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Maobin Kuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, P.R. China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ruijuan Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, P.R. China
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Guobo Xie
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Guotai Sheng
- Jiangxi Provincial Geriatric Hospital, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zou
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, P.R. China.
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10
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Mohamed-Mohamed H, García-Morales V, Sánchez Lara EM, González-Acedo A, Pardo-Moreno T, Tovar-Gálvez MI, Melguizo-Rodríguez L, Ramos-Rodríguez JJ. Physiological Mechanisms Inherent to Diabetes Involved in the Development of Dementia: Alzheimer's Disease. Neurol Int 2023; 15:1253-1272. [PMID: 37873836 PMCID: PMC10594452 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint15040079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a metabolic disease reaching pandemic levels worldwide. In parallel, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are the two leading causes of dementia in an increasingly long-living Western society. Numerous epidemiological studies support the role of T2D as a risk factor for the development of dementia. However, few basic science studies have focused on the possible mechanisms involved in this relationship. On the other hand, this review of the literature also aims to explore the relationship between T2D, AD and VaD. The data found show that there are several alterations in the central nervous system that may be promoting the development of T2D. In addition, there are some mechanisms by which T2D may contribute to the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as AD or VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himan Mohamed-Mohamed
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences of Ceuta, University of Granada, 51001 Ceuta, Spain
| | - Victoria García-Morales
- Physiology Area, Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cádiz, Pl. Falla, 9, 11003 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Encarnación María Sánchez Lara
- Department of Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico, Faculty of Health Sciences (Ceuta), University of Granada, 51001 Ceuta, Spain;
| | - Anabel González-Acedo
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences of Ceuta, University of Granada, 51001 Ceuta, Spain
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Teresa Pardo-Moreno
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences of Ceuta, University of Granada, 51001 Ceuta, Spain
| | - María Isabel Tovar-Gálvez
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences of Ceuta, University of Granada, 51001 Ceuta, Spain
| | - Lucía Melguizo-Rodríguez
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences of Ceuta, University of Granada, 51001 Ceuta, Spain
- Biomedical Group (BIO277), Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan José Ramos-Rodríguez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences of Ceuta, University of Granada, 51001 Ceuta, Spain
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11
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Sakr HF, Sirasanagandla SR, Das S, Bima AI, Elsamanoudy AZ. Insulin Resistance and Hypertension: Mechanisms Involved and Modifying Factors for Effective Glucose Control. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2271. [PMID: 37626767 PMCID: PMC10452601 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Factors such as aging, an unhealthy lifestyle with decreased physical activity, snacking, a standard Western diet, and smoking contribute to raising blood pressure to a dangerous level, increasing the risk of coronary artery disease and heart failure. Atherosclerosis, or aging of the blood vessels, is a physiological process that has accelerated in the last decades by the overconsumption of carbohydrates as the primary sources of caloric intake, resulting in increased triglycerides and VLDL-cholesterol and insulin spikes. Classically, medications ranging from beta blockers to angiotensin II blockers and even calcium channel blockers were used alone or in combination with lifestyle modifications as management tools in modern medicine to control arterial blood pressure. However, it is not easy to control blood pressure or the associated complications. A low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diet can reduce glucose and insulin spikes, improve insulin sensitivity, and lessen atherosclerosis risk factors. We reviewed articles describing the etiology of insulin resistance (IR) and its impact on arterial blood pressure from databases including PubMed, PubMed Central, and Google Scholar. We discuss how the LCHF diet is beneficial to maintaining arterial blood pressure at normal levels, slowing down the progression of atherosclerosis, and reducing the use of antihypertensive medications. The mechanisms involved in IR associated with hypertension are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein F. Sakr
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Srinivasa Rao Sirasanagandla
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman; (S.R.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Srijit Das
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman; (S.R.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Abdulhadi I. Bima
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.B.); (A.Z.E.)
| | - Ayman Z. Elsamanoudy
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21465, Saudi Arabia; (A.I.B.); (A.Z.E.)
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12
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Gul S, Attaullah S, Alsugoor MH, Bawazeer S, Shah SA, Khan S, Salahuddin HS, Ullah M. Folicitin abrogates scopolamine induced oxidative stress, hyperlipidemia mediated neuronal synapse and memory dysfunction in mice. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16930. [PMID: 37416682 PMCID: PMC10320035 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
No effective drug treatment is available for Alzheimer disease, thus the need arise to develop efficient drugs for its treatment. Natural products have pronounced capability in treating Alzheimer disease therefore current study aimed to evaluate the neuro-protective capability of folicitin against scopolamine-induced Alzheimer disease neuropathology in mice. Experimental mice were divided into four groups i.e. control (single dose of 250 μL saline), scopolamine-administered group (1 mg/kg administered for three weeks), scopolamine plus folicitin-administered group (scopolamine 1 mg/kg administration for three weeks followed by folicitin administration for last two weeks) and folicitin-administered group (20 mg/kg administered for 5 alternate days). Results of behavioral tests and Western blot indicated that folicitin has the capability of recovering the memory against scopolamine-induced memory impairment by reducing the oxidative stress through up-regulating the endogenous antioxidant system like nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor and Heme oxygenase-1 while prohibiting phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Similarly, folicitin also improved the synaptic dysfunction by up-regulating SYP and PSD95. Scopolamine-induced hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia were abolished by folicitin as evidenced through random blood glucose test, glucose tolerance test and lipid profile test. All these results revealed that folicitin being a potent anti-oxidant is capable of improving synaptic dysfunction and reducing oxidative stress through Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway, thus plays a key role in treating Alzheimer disease as well as possess hyperglycemic and hyperlipidemic effect. Furthermore, a detailed study is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Gul
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Attaullah
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mahdi H. Alsugoor
- Umme Al-Qura University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Bawazeer
- Umme Al-Qura University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahid Ali Shah
- Neuro Molecular Medicine Research Centre (NMMRC), Ring Road, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sanaullah Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | | | - Mujeeb Ullah
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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13
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Lor YCM, Tsou MT, Tsai LW, Tsai SY. The factors associated with cognitive function among community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:116. [PMID: 36864383 PMCID: PMC9983251 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03806-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This research aimed to investigate the associations of anthropometric measurements, physiological parameters, chronic disease comorbidities, and social and lifestyle factors with cognitive function amongst community-dwelling older adults in Taiwan. METHODS This was an observational, cross-sectional study involving 4,578 participants at least 65 years old, recruited between January 2008 and December 2018 from the Annual Geriatric Health Examinations Program. Cognitive function was assessed using the short portable mental state questionnaire (SPMSQ). Multivariable logistic regression was done to analyze the factors associated with cognitive impairment. RESULTS Among the 4,578 participants, 103 people (2.3%) with cognitive impairment were identified. Associated factors were age (odds ratio (OR) = 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.13,1.20), male gender (OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.21,0.72), diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.03, 2.82), hyperlipidemia (OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.25, 0.89), exercise (OR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.34, 0.56), albumin (OR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.15, 0.88), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.97, 1.00). Whereas waistline, alcohol intake in recent six months, and hemoglobin was not significantly associated with cognitive impairment (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that people with older age and a history of DM had a higher risk of cognitive impairment. Male gender, a history of hyperlipidemia, exercise, a high albumin level, and a high HDL level seemed to be associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment amongst older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Chen Mary Lor
- Department of Family Medicine, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 690, Section 2, Guangfu Road, East District, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ting Tsou
- Department of Family Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing and Management, MacKay Junior College of Medicine, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Tsai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Ying Tsai
- Department of Family Medicine, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 690, Section 2, Guangfu Road, East District, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
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14
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Patil G, Kulsange S, Kazi R, Chirmade T, Kale V, Mote C, Aswar M, Koratkar S, Agawane S, Kulkarni M. Behavioral and Proteomic Studies Reveal Methylglyoxal Activate Pathways Associated with Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:65-75. [PMID: 36654748 PMCID: PMC9841776 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the major risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) development. The role of elevated levels of glucose, methylglyoxal (MGO), and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the pathogenesis of AD is not well understood. In this pursuit, we studied the role of methylglyoxal in the pathogenesis of AD in rat models. The elevated plus-maze (EPM) behavioral study indicated that MGO induces anxiety. Treatment of telmisartan (RAGE expression inhibitor) and aminoguanidine (MGO quencher) attenuated MGO induced anxiety. Further, hippocampal proteomics demonstrated that MGO treated rats differentially regulate proteins involved in calcium homeostasis, mitochondrial functioning, and apoptosis, which may affect neurotransmission and neuronal plasticity. The hippocampal tau phosphorylation level was increased in MGO treated rats, which was reduced in the presence of aminoguanidine and telmisartan. The plasma fructosamine level was increased upon MGO treatment. Hippocampal histochemistry showed vascular degeneration and neuronal loss upon MGO treatment. This study provides mechanistic insight into the role of MGO in the diabetes-associated development of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouri Patil
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shabda Kulsange
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Rubina Kazi
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
| | - Tejas Chirmade
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
| | - Vaikhari Kale
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
| | - Chandrashekhar Mote
- Department
of Veterinary Pathology, KNP College of Veterinary Science, Shirwal Satara (Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences
University Nagpur), Satara 412801, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manoj Aswar
- Department
of Pharmacology, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy,
Narhe, Pune 411041, Maharashtra, India
| | - Santosh Koratkar
- Symbiosis
School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis
International (Deemed University), Pune 412115, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sachin Agawane
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mahesh Kulkarni
- Biochemical
Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical
Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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15
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Patel RS, Lui A, Hudson C, Moss L, Sparks RP, Hill SE, Shi Y, Cai J, Blair LJ, Bickford PC, Patel NA. Small molecule targeting long noncoding RNA GAS5 administered intranasally improves neuronal insulin signaling and decreases neuroinflammation in an aged mouse model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:317. [PMID: 36609440 PMCID: PMC9822944 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27126-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Shifts in normal aging set stage for neurodegeneration and dementia affecting 1 in 10 adults. The study demonstrates that lncRNA GAS5 is decreased in aged and Alzheimer's disease brain. The role and targets of lncRNA GAS5 in the aging brain were elucidated using a GAS5-targeting small molecule NPC86, a frontier in lncRNA-targeting therapeutic. Robust techniques such as molecular dynamics simulation of NPC86 binding to GAS5, in vitro functional assays demonstrating that GAS5 regulates insulin signaling, neuronal survival, phosphorylation of tau, and neuroinflammation via toll-like receptors support the role of GAS5 in maintaining healthy neurons. The study demonstrates the safety and efficacy of intranasal NPC86 treatment in aged mice to improve cellular functions with transcriptomic analysis in response to NPC86. In summary, the study demonstrates that GAS5 contributes to pathways associated with neurodegeneration and NPC86 has tremendous therapeutic potential to prevent the advent of neurodegenerative diseases and dementias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha S. Patel
- grid.281075.90000 0001 0624 9286James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Research Service, 13000 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612 USA
| | - Ashley Lui
- grid.170693.a0000 0001 2353 285XDepartment of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
| | - Charles Hudson
- grid.281075.90000 0001 0624 9286James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Research Service, 13000 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612 USA
| | - Lauren Moss
- grid.170693.a0000 0001 2353 285XDepartment of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
| | - Robert P. Sparks
- Present Address: UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655 USA
| | - Shannon E. Hill
- grid.170693.a0000 0001 2353 285XDepartment of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 USA ,grid.170693.a0000 0001 2353 285XUSF Health Byrd Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
| | - Yan Shi
- grid.170693.a0000 0001 2353 285XDepartment of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
| | - Jianfeng Cai
- grid.170693.a0000 0001 2353 285XDepartment of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
| | - Laura J. Blair
- grid.281075.90000 0001 0624 9286James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Research Service, 13000 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612 USA ,grid.170693.a0000 0001 2353 285XDepartment of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 USA ,grid.170693.a0000 0001 2353 285XUSF Health Byrd Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
| | - Paula C. Bickford
- grid.281075.90000 0001 0624 9286James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Research Service, 13000 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612 USA ,grid.170693.a0000 0001 2353 285XDepartment of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
| | - Niketa A. Patel
- grid.281075.90000 0001 0624 9286James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Research Service, 13000 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612 USA ,grid.170693.a0000 0001 2353 285XDepartment of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
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16
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Hamzé R, Delangre E, Tolu S, Moreau M, Janel N, Bailbé D, Movassat J. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Alzheimer's Disease: Shared Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Common Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315287. [PMID: 36499613 PMCID: PMC9739879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease is increasing alarmingly with the aging of the population. Numerous epidemiological data suggest that there is a strong association between type 2 diabetes and an increased risk of dementia. These diseases are both degenerative and progressive and share common risk factors. The amyloid cascade plays a key role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. The accumulation of amyloid beta peptides gradually leads to the hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins, which then form neurofibrillary tangles, resulting in neurodegeneration and cerebral atrophy. In Alzheimer's disease, apart from these processes, the alteration of glucose metabolism and insulin signaling in the brain seems to induce early neuronal loss and the impairment of synaptic plasticity, years before the clinical manifestation of the disease. The large amount of evidence on the existence of insulin resistance in the brain during Alzheimer's disease has led to the description of this disease as "type 3 diabetes". Available animal models have been valuable in the understanding of the relationships between type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease, but to date, the mechanistical links are poorly understood. In this non-exhaustive review, we describe the main molecular mechanisms that may link these two diseases, with an emphasis on impaired insulin and IGF-1 signaling. We also focus on GSK3β and DYRK1A, markers of Alzheimer's disease, which are also closely associated with pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and type 2 diabetes, and thus may represent common therapeutic targets for both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Hamzé
- Team Biology and Pathology of the Endocrine Pancreas, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Etienne Delangre
- Team Biology and Pathology of the Endocrine Pancreas, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Stefania Tolu
- Team Biology and Pathology of the Endocrine Pancreas, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Manon Moreau
- Team Degenerative Process, Stress and Aging, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Janel
- Team Degenerative Process, Stress and Aging, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Danielle Bailbé
- Team Biology and Pathology of the Endocrine Pancreas, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Jamileh Movassat
- Team Biology and Pathology of the Endocrine Pancreas, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, F-75013 Paris, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-1-57-27-77-82; Fax: +33-1-57-27-77-91
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17
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Hunt NJ, Wahl D, Westwood LJ, Lockwood GP, Le Couteur DG, Cogger VC. Targeting the liver in dementia and cognitive impairment: Dietary macronutrients and diabetic therapeutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 190:114537. [PMID: 36115494 PMCID: PMC10125004 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Many people living with dementia and cognitive impairment have dysfunctional mitochondrial and insulin-glucose metabolism resembling type 2 diabetes mellitus and old age. Evidence from human trials shows that nutritional interventions and anti-diabetic medicines that target nutrient-sensing pathways overcome these deficits in glucose and energy metabolism and can improve cognition and/or reduce symptoms of dementia. The liver is the main organ that mediates the systemic effects of diets and many diabetic medicines; therefore, it is an intermediate target for such dementia interventions. A challenge is the efficacy of these treatments in older age. Solutions include the targeted hepatic delivery of diabetic medicines using nanotechnologies and titration of macronutrients to optimize hepatic energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Hunt
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia; Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia; ANZAC Research Institute & Centre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW 2139, Australia
| | - Devin Wahl
- Department of Health and Exercise Science & Centre for Healthy Aging, Colorado State University, CO 80523, United States
| | - Lara J Westwood
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia; ANZAC Research Institute & Centre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW 2139, Australia
| | - Glen P Lockwood
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia; ANZAC Research Institute & Centre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW 2139, Australia
| | - David G Le Couteur
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia; ANZAC Research Institute & Centre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW 2139, Australia
| | - Victoria C Cogger
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2008, Australia; ANZAC Research Institute & Centre for Education and Research on Ageing, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW 2139, Australia.
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18
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Canal MP, Nini KA, Baez MV. Impaired fasting glucose, oxidative distress, and cognitive impairment. Is this the starting point on DBT cognitive decline? Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:911331. [PMID: 35959297 PMCID: PMC9360412 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.911331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Different studies performed in human patients, animal models, and in vitro cell cultures, show a correlation between type 2 diabetes (DBT2) and certain neurodegenerative pathologies. Also, it was proposed that increased inflammation and- or oxidative distress are a possible cause of DBT2-accelerated cognitive decline. The onset of DBT2 is characterized by an increase in blood glucose levels due to (an inability of the body’s cells to use insulin properly) called impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Genetic and/or molecular causes of IFG have not yet been established, but metabolic syndrome, obesity, unbalanced diets, and sedentary lifestyle would be responsible, at least in part, for the multiplication in the number of this disease. It has been proposed that hyperglycemia itself causes an imbalance in the redox state and could compromise blood-brain barrier (BBB) causing neurodegeneration. For this reason, we propose, in this review, to evaluate the available data about redox state and neurocognitive studies during the IFG period.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Pilar Canal
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN, CONICET-UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karen Agustina Nini
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN, CONICET-UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Verónica Baez
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia “Prof. E. De Robertis” (IBCN, CONICET-UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- 1°UA de Histologia, Embriología, Biologia Celular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Maria Verónica Baez
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19
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Xue WJ, He CF, Zhou RY, Xu XD, Xiang LX, Wang JT, Wang XR, Zhou HG, Guo JC. High glucose and palmitic acid induces neuronal senescence by NRSF/REST elevation and the subsequent mTOR-related autophagy suppression. Mol Brain 2022; 15:61. [PMID: 35850767 PMCID: PMC9290252 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-022-00947-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell senescence is a basic aging mechanism. Previous studies have found that the cellular senescence in adipose tissue and other tissues, such as the pancreas, muscle and liver, is associated with the pathogenesis and progression of type 2 diabetes; however, strong evidence of whether diabetes directly causes neuronal senescence in the brain is still lacking. In this study, we constructed a high glucose and palmitic acid (HGP) environment on PC12 neuronal cells and primary mouse cortical neurons to simulate diabetes. Our results showed that after HGP exposure, neurons exhibited obvious senescence-like phenotypes, including increased NRSF/REST level, mTOR activation and cell autophagy suppression. Downregulation of NRSF/REST could remarkably alleviate p16, p21 and γH2A.X upregulations induced by HGP treatment, and enhance mTOR-autophagy of neurons. Our results suggested that the diabetic condition could directly induce neuronal senescence, which is mediated by the upregulation of NRSF/REST and subsequent reduction of mTOR-autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jiao Xue
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Feng He
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ren-Yuan Zhou
- Department of Urology, Jing'an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Die Xu
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lv-Xuan Xiang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Tao Wang
- Department of Geriatric Neurology of Huashan Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Ru Wang
- Department of Geriatric Neurology of Huashan Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hou-Guang Zhou
- Department of Geriatric Neurology of Huashan Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jing-Chun Guo
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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20
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Nazmus Sakib M, Best JR, Ramezan R, Thompson ME, Hall PA. Bidirectional Associations Between Adiposity and Cognitive Function: A Prospective Analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA). J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022; 78:314-325. [PMID: 35640256 PMCID: PMC9951058 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Theoretical perspectives suggest that adiposity and cognitive function may be bidirectionally associated, but this has not been examined in a large-scale data set. The current investigation aims to fill this gap using a large, representative sample of middle-aged and older adults. METHODS Using data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (N = 25 854), the bidirectional hypothesis was examined with 3 indicators of cognitive function (ie, executive function, processing speed, and verbal fluency) and adiposity (ie, waist circumference [WC], body mass index [BMI], and total fat mass). We used multivariate multivariable regression and structural equation modeling to assess the prospective associations between adiposity and cognitive indicators. RESULTS Analyses revealed that higher baseline WC was associated with higher Stroop interference at follow-up for both middle-aged (standardized estimate, β = 0.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.06, 0.10) and older adults (β = 0.07, 95% CI 0.04, 0.09). Similarly, higher baseline Stroop interference was also associated with higher follow-up WC in middle-aged (β = 0.08, 95% CI 0.06, 0.10) and older adults (β = 0.03, 95% CI 0.01, 0.06). Effects involving semantic fluency and processing speed were less consistent. The earlier effects were similar to those observed using other adiposity indicators (eg, BMI and total fat mass) and were robust to adjustment for demographics and other cofounders, and when using latent variable modeling of the adiposity variable. CONCLUSION Evidence for a bidirectional relationship between adiposity and cognitive function exists, though the associations are most reliable for executive function and primarily evident at midlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nazmus Sakib
- School of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - John R Best
- Gerontology Research Centre, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Reza Ramezan
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary E Thompson
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter A Hall
- Address correspondence to: Peter A. Hall, PhD, School of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, N2L 3G1. E-mail:
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21
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Khambaty T, Leibel DK, Katzel LI, Evans MK, Zonderman AB, Waldstein SR. Synergistic Associations of Depressive Symptoms and Executive Functions With Longitudinal Trajectories of Diabetes Biomarkers Among Urban-Dwelling Adults Without Diabetes. Psychosom Med 2022; 84:478-487. [PMID: 35311806 PMCID: PMC9064939 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depressive symptoms and executive functions (EFs) have recently emerged as novel risk factors for type 2 diabetes, but it is unknown if these factors interact to influence diabetes pathophysiology across the life span. We examined the synergistic associations of depressive symptoms and EFs with longitudinal trajectories of diabetes diagnostic criteria among middle-aged and older adults without diabetes. METHODS Participants were 1257 African American and White, urban-dwelling adults from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study who were assessed up to three times over a 13-year period (2004-2017). At baseline, participants completed the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale and measures of EFs-Trail Making Test Part B, verbal fluency, and Digit Span Backward-for a composite EFs score, and provided blood samples at each follow-up for glycated hemoglobin and fasting serum glucose. RESULTS A total of 155 and 220 individuals developed diabetes or prediabetes at wave 3 and wave 4, respectively. Linear mixed-effects regression models adjusting for sociodemographic factors, diabetes risk factors, and antidepressant medications revealed significant three-way interactions of Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression, EFs, and age on change in glycated hemoglobin (b = -0.0001, p = .005) and in fasting serum glucose (b = -0.0004, p < .001), such that among individuals with lower but not higher EFs, elevated depressive symptoms were associated with steeper age-related increases in diabetes biomarkers over time. CONCLUSIONS Depressive symptoms and lower EFs may interactively accelerate trajectories of key diagnostic criteria, thereby increasing the risk for earlier diabetes incidence. Identifying individuals in this high-risk group may be an important clinical priority for earlier intervention, which has the promise of preventing or delaying this debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasneem Khambaty
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD
| | - Daniel K. Leibel
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD
| | - Leslie I. Katzel
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Michele K. Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Alan B. Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Shari R. Waldstein
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC), Baltimore, MD
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22
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Zhao RR, Mavros Y, Meiklejohn J, Anderberg KA, Singh N, Kay S, Baker MK, Wang Y, Climstein M, O'Sullivan A, De Vos N, Baune BT, Blair SN, Simar D, Singh MAF. Effect of High Intensity Power Training on Cognitive Function in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Secondary Outcomes of the GREAT2DO Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022; 77:1975-1985. [PMID: 35436329 PMCID: PMC9536451 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We sought to determine the effects of 12 months of power training on cognition, and whether improvements in body composition, muscle strength, and/or aerobic capacity (VO2peak) were associated with improvements in cognition in older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Participants with T2D were randomized to power training or low-intensity sham exercise control condition, 3 days per week for 12 months. Cognitive outcomes included memory, attention/speed, executive function, and global cognition. Other relevant outcomes included VO2peak, strength, and whole body and regional body composition. One hundred and three adults with T2D (mean age 67.9 years; standard deviation [SD] 5.9; 50.5% women) were enrolled and analyzed. Unexpectedly, there was a nearly significant improvement in global cognition (p = .05) in the sham group relative to power training, although both groups improved over time (p < .01). There were significant interactions between group allocation and body composition or muscle strength in the models predicting cognitive changes. Therefore, after stratifying by group allocation, improvements in immediate memory were associated with increases in relative skeletal muscle mass (r = 0.38, p = .03), reductions in relative body fat (r = −0.40, p = .02), and increases in knee extension strength were directly related to changes in executive function (r = −0.41, p = .02) within the power training group. None of these relationships were present in the sham group (p > .05). Although power training did not significantly improve cognition compared to low-intensity exercise control, improvements in cognitive function in older adults were associated with hypothesized improvements in body composition and strength after power training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Ru Zhao
- Exercise Health and Performance Faculty Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.,University of Longyan, Fujian, China.,Clinical Rehabilitation Research Group, Longyan Renmin Hospital, China
| | - Yorgi Mavros
- Exercise Health and Performance Faculty Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Jacinda Meiklejohn
- Exercise Health and Performance Faculty Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Kylie A Anderberg
- Exercise Health and Performance Faculty Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Nalin Singh
- Exercise Health and Performance Faculty Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Shelley Kay
- Centre for Medical Psychology and Evidence Based Decision Making, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Michael K Baker
- Research Ethics and Integrity, Australian Catholic University, Strathfield, Australia.,Clinical Exercise Physiology, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Strathfield, Australia
| | - Yi Wang
- Lipid Metabolism & Cardiometabolic Disease Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mike Climstein
- School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Anthony O'Sullivan
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nathan De Vos
- The Centre for STRONG Medicine, Balmain Hospital, Australia
| | - Bernhard T Baune
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Australia.,The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Steven N Blair
- Exercise Science Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA
| | - David Simar
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Maria A Fiatarone Singh
- Exercise Health and Performance Faculty Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.,Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Centre on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, USA
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23
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Ortiz GG, Huerta M, González-Usigli HA, Torres-Sánchez ED, Delgado-Lara DLC, Pacheco-Moisés FP, Mireles-Ramírez MA, Torres-Mendoza BMG, Moreno-Cih RI, Velázquez-Brizuela IE. Cognitive disorder and dementia in type 2 diabetes mellitus. World J Diabetes 2022; 13:319-337. [PMID: 35582669 PMCID: PMC9052006 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i4.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin, a key pleiotropic hormone, regulates metabolism through several signaling pathways in target tissues including skeletal muscle, liver, and brain. In the brain, insulin modulates learning and memory, and impaired insulin signaling is associated with metabolic dysregulation and neurodegenerative diseases. At the receptor level, in aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) models, the amount of insulin receptors and their functions are decreased. Clinical and animal model studies suggest that memory improvements are due to changes in insulin levels. Furthermore, diabetes mellitus (DM) and insulin resistance are associated with age-related cognitive decline, increased levels of β-amyloid peptide, phosphorylation of tau protein; oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and dyslipidemia. Recent evidence shows that deleting brain insulin receptors leads to mild obesity and insulin resistance without influencing brain size and apoptosis development. Conversely, deleting insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) affects brain size and development, and contributes to behavior changes. Insulin is synthesized locally in the brain and is released from the neurons. Here, we reviewed proposed pathophysiological hypotheses to explain increased risk of dementia in the presence of DM. Regardless of the exact sequence of events leading to neurodegeneration, there is strong evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in AD and DM. A triple transgenic mouse model of AD showed mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and loss of synaptic integrity. These alterations are comparable to those induced in wild-type mice treated with sucrose, which is consistent with the proposal that mitochondrial alterations are associated with DM and contribute to AD development. Alterations in insulin/IGF-1 signaling in DM could lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and low antioxidant capacity of the cell. Thus, insulin/IGF-1 signaling is important for increased neural processing and systemic metabolism, and could be a specific target for therapeutic strategies to decrease alterations associated with age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genaro G Ortiz
- Department of Philosophical and Methodological Disciplines, University Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders Clinic, Sub-Specialty Medical Unit, National Western Medical Center, Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Miguel Huerta
- University Biomedical Research Center, University of Colima, Colima 28040, Mexico
| | - Héctor A González-Usigli
- Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders Clinic, Sub-Specialty Medical Unit, National Western Medical Center, Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Erandis D Torres-Sánchez
- Department of Medical and Life Sciences, University Center of ‘La Ciénega’, University of Guadalajara, Ocotlán 47810, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Daniela LC Delgado-Lara
- Department of Philosophical and Methodological Disciplines, University Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Fermín P Pacheco-Moisés
- Department of Chemistry, University Center of Exact Sciences and Engineering, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Mario A Mireles-Ramírez
- Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders Clinic, Sub-Specialty Medical Unit, National Western Medical Center, Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Blanca MG Torres-Mendoza
- Department of Philosophical and Methodological Disciplines, University Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
- Division of Neurosciences, Western Biomedical Research Center, Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Roxana I Moreno-Cih
- Gerontology Postgraduate Program, Public Health Department, University Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Irma E Velázquez-Brizuela
- Department of Philosophical and Methodological Disciplines, University Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
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24
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Fatih N, Chaturvedi N, Lane CA, Parker TD, Lu K, Cash DM, Malone IB, Silverwood R, Wong A, Barnes J, Sudre CH, Richards M, Fox NC, Schott JM, Hughes A, James SN. Sex-related differences in whole brain volumes at age 70 in association with hyperglycemia during adult life. Neurobiol Aging 2022; 112:161-169. [PMID: 35183802 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Longitudinal studies of the relationship between hyperglycemia and brain health are rare and there is limited information on sex differences in associations. We investigated whether glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measured at ages of 53, 60-64 and 69 years, and cumulative glycemic index (CGI), a measure of cumulative glycemic burden, were associated with metrics of brain health in later life. Participants were from Insight 46, a substudy of the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD) who undertook volumetric MRI, florbetapir amyloid-PET imaging and cognitive assessments at ages of 69-71. Analyses were performed using linear and logistic regression as appropriate, with adjustment for potential confounders. We observed a sex interaction between HbA1c and whole brain volume (WBV) at all 3 time points. Following stratification of our sample, we observed that HbA1c at all ages, and CGI were positively associated with lower WBV exclusively in females. HbA1c (or CGI) was not associated with amyloid status, white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), hippocampal volumes (HV) or cognitive outcomes in either sex. Higher HbA1c in adulthood is associated with smaller WBV at 69-71 years in females but not in males. This suggests that there may be preferential target organ damage in the brain for females with hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrtullah Fatih
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Nish Chaturvedi
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A Lane
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas D Parker
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsty Lu
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David M Cash
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian B Malone
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Silverwood
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Josephine Barnes
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carole H Sudre
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Richards
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nick C Fox
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M Schott
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alun Hughes
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah-Naomi James
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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25
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Jesmin S, Shima T, Soya M, Takahashi K, Omura K, Ogura K, Koizumi H, Soya H. Long-term light and moderate exercise intervention similarly prevent both hippocampal and glycemic dysfunction in presymptomatic type 2 diabetic rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 322:E219-E230. [PMID: 34957860 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00326.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A prediabetic population has an increased risk of cognitive decline and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study investigated whether the progression of memory dysfunction and dysregulated brain glycogen metabolism is prevented with 4 mo of exercise intervention from the presymptomatic stage in a T2DM rat model. Memory function and biochemical and molecular profiles were assessed in the presymptomatic stage of Otsuka-Long-Evans-Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats, a T2DM model, with Long-Evans Tokushima (LETO) rats as genetic control. These rats were subjected to light- or moderate-intensity treadmill running for 4 mo with repetition of the same experiments. Significant hippocampal-dependent memory dysfunction was observed in the presymptomatic stage of OLETF rats, accompanied by downregulated levels of hippocampal monocarboxylate transporter 2 (MCT2), a neuronal lactate-transporter, without alteration in hippocampal glycogen levels. Four months of light or moderate exercise from the presymptomatic stage of T2DM normalized glycemic parameters and hippocampal molecular normalization through MCT2, glycogen, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels with the improvement of memory dysfunction in OLETF rats. A 4-mo exercise regimen from the presymptomatic stage of T2DM at a light and moderate intensities contributed to the prevention of the development of T2DM and the progression of cognitive decline with hippocampal lactate-transport and BDNF improvement.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Type 2 diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor for hippocampal memory dysfunction, which would progress since the prediabetic stage. We found that 4 mo of exercise both at the light and moderate intensity prevented the progression of memory dysfunction with an improvement of hippocampal MCT2 expression in presymptomatic diabetes, implying that light intensity exercise could be a therapeutic approach, and the alteration of hippocampal MCT2 would be a therapeutic target of memory dysfunction from presymptomatic diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrina Jesmin
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Sport Neuroscience Division, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takeru Shima
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Cooperative Faculty of Education, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Mariko Soya
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Sport Neuroscience Division, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kanako Takahashi
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Sport Neuroscience Division, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Koki Omura
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kasane Ogura
- Sport Neuroscience Division, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hikaru Koizumi
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Sport Neuroscience Division, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hideaki Soya
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Sport Neuroscience Division, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Kim WJ, Lee SJ, Lee E, Lee EY, Han K. Risk of Incident Dementia According to Glycemic Status and Comorbidities of Hyperglycemia: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. Diabetes Care 2022; 45:134-141. [PMID: 34711638 DOI: 10.2337/dc21-0957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the risk of incident dementia according to fasting glucose levels and presence of comorbidities. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using a health insurance claims database and the results of biennial health examinations in South Korea, we selected 8,400,950 subjects aged ≥40 years who underwent health examinations in 2009-2010. We followed them until 2016. Subjects' baseline characteristics were categorized by presence of diabetes (yes/no) and glycemic status as normoglycemia, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), new-onset diabetes, or known diabetes (duration <5 years or ≥5 years). We estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for dementia occurrence in each category. RESULTS During the observation period of 48,323,729 person-years, all-cause dementia developed in 353,392 subjects (4.2%). Compared with normoglycemia, aHRs (95% CI) were 1.01 (1.01-1.02) in IFG, 1.45 (1.44-1.47) in new-onset diabetes, 1.32 (1.30-1.33) in known diabetes <5 years, and 1.62 (1.60-1.64) in known diabetes ≥5 years. We found that associations between ischemic heart disease and chronic kidney disease with incident dementia were affected by the presence of diabetes. Ischemic stroke showed a greater association with incident dementia than diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Mild degrees of hyperglycemia and presence of comorbidities were associated with incident dementia. Intervention during the prodromal stage of a chronic disease (e.g., prediabetes) could be considered for dementia prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Jung Kim
- 1Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Republic of Korea.,2Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Jung Lee
- 3Department of Psychiatry, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Lee
- 2Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,4Department of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- 5Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- 6Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Li M, Zhong X, Zhao Z, Zeng Z, Yuan Q, Xiao X, Zu X, Liu J. The expression of m6A enzymes in the hippocampus of diabetic cognitive impairment mice and the possible improvement of YTHDF1. Brain Res 2021; 1777:147766. [PMID: 34953798 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is a severe diabetes-related complication and seriously challenges the demand for future health resources. However, the potential therapeutic targets and mechanisms are not fully understood. Herein, we investigated the expression of the m6A enzyme in the hippocampus of mice with diabetes-induced cognitive impairment and possible improvement with overexpression of YTHDF1. A type 1 diabetes (T1D) mouse model was established by streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneal injection. Diabetic mice showed significant cognitive dysfunction, which was detected by novel object recognition tests and novel place recognition tests. Western blot analysis showed that compared with the control group, the protein levels of YTHDC2 and ALKBH5 were significantly upregulated in the hippocampus in the STZ group, while the expression of YTHDF1, YTHDF3 and WTAP was significantly downregulated. Furthermore, overexpression of YTHDF1 by AAV-YTHDF1 injection in the hippocampus significantly improved STZ-induced diabetic cognitive dysfunction. These results indicate that the m6A enzyme may play a key role in the cognitive dysfunction induced by diabetes, and YTHDF1 may be a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglin Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhong
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zhibo Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaolin Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Qing Yuan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xinhua Xiao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xuyu Zu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China; The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine Center, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China.
| | - Jinghua Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 421001 Hengyang, Hunan, China.
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Kong L, Gu PP, Tang ZZ, Gou LS, Liu YW. High glucose upregulates PAR-1 in SH-SY5Y cells via deficiency of miR-20a and miR-190a. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2021; 36:509-517. [PMID: 34904279 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Thrombin activity enhancement and its receptor protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1) activation play vital roles in neurologic deficits in the central nervous system. Our recent study showed that PAR-1 upregulation stimulated by chronic high glucose (HG) caused central neuron injury through neuroinflammation; however, the molecular mechanisms are far from clear. In the present study, we found that HG resulted in neuronal injury of SH-SY5Y cells as evidenced by decreased cell viability and increased lactate dehydrogenase release and elevated the mRNA level of PAR-1. Moreover, we predicted and determined several potential microRNAs (miRs) combining with the 3'-UTR of PAR-1 mRNA, finding that miR-20a-5p, miR-93-5p, and miR-190a-5p were significantly decreased in HG-cultured SH-SY5Y cells compared with control. Further, SH-SY5Y cells stably transfected with miR-20a-5p or miR-190a-5p mimic were established, and overexpression efficiency were confirmed. It was found that miR-20a-5p or miR-190a-5p overexpression markedly decreased PAR-1 mRNA level and protein expression in SH-SY5Y cells cultured with HG and normal glucose, indicating that miR-20a or miR-19a deficiency contributed to HG-induced PAR-1 upregulation. Together, our findings demonstrated that PAR-1 upregulation mediated HG-induced neuronal damage in central neurons, which was achieved through miR-20a or miR-190a deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Pan-Pan Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhuang-Zhuang Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ling-Shan Gou
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yao-Wu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Glibenclamide ameliorates the expression of neurotrophic factors in sevoflurane anaesthesia-induced oxidative stress and cognitive impairment in hippocampal neurons of old rats. J Vet Res 2021; 65:527-538. [PMID: 35112009 PMCID: PMC8775723 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2021-0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Several antidiabetic medications have been proposed as prospective treatments for cognitive impairments in type 2 diabetes patients, glibenclamide (GBC) among them. Our research aimed to evaluate the impact of GBC on hippocampal learning memory and inflammation due to enhanced neurotrophic signals induced by inhalation of sevoflurane. Material and Methods Rats (Sprague Dawley, both sexes) were assigned to four groups: a control (vehicle, p.o.), GBC (10 mg/kg b.w.; p.o.), low-dose sevoflurane and low-dose sevoflurane + GBC (10 mg/kg b.w.; p.o.) for 23 days. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) staining was performed to analyse the count of apoptotic cells and ELISA was conducted to assess the protein signals. A Western blot, a Y-maze test, and a Morris maze test were performed, and the results analysed. Blood and tissues were collected, and isolation of RNA was performed with qRT-PCR. Results The Morris maze test results revealed an improvement in the length of the escape latency on days 1 (P < 0.05), 2 (P < 0.01), 3, and 4 in the low-dose Sevo group. Time spent in the quadrant and crossing axis and the percentage of spontaneous alterations showed a substantial decrease in the low-dose Sevo group which received GBC at 10 mg/kg b.w. Significant increases were shown in IL-6 and TNF-α levels in the low-dose Sevo group, whereas a decrease was evident in the GBC group. Conclusion Our results indicate that glibenclamide may be a novel drug to prevent sevoflurane inhalation-induced impaired learning and reduce brain-derived neurotrophic factor release, which may be a vital target for the development of potential therapies for cognitive deficits and neurodegeneration.
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Terzo S, Amato A, Mulè F. From obesity to Alzheimer's disease through insulin resistance. J Diabetes Complications 2021; 35:108026. [PMID: 34454830 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2021.108026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is one of the most frequent forms of dementia. It is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, characterized by presence of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Obesity is regarded as abnormal fat accumulation with deleterious impact on human health. There is full scientific evidence that obesity and the metabolic comorbidities (e.g., insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia, and type 2 diabetes) are related to Alzheimer's disease and likely in the causative pathway. Numerous studies have identified several overlapping neurodegenerative mechanisms, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation. In this review, we present how obesity and the associated lipotoxicity as well as chronic inflammation initiate a state of insulin resistance that in turn, may have a role in causing the characteristic cerebral alterations of AD. In particular, we focus on the molecular mechanisms linking the obesity-induced impairment in insulin signalling to the upregulation of Aβ aggregation, tau hyper-phosphorylation, inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Terzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, 90128, Italy.
| | - Antonella Amato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, 90128, Italy.
| | - Flavia Mulè
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, 90128, Italy.
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31
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Lesma J, Bizet F, Berardet C, Tonali N, Pellegrino S, Taverna M, Khemtemourian L, Soulier JL, van Heijenoort C, Halgand F, Ha-Duong T, Kaffy J, Ongeri S. β-Hairpin Peptide Mimics Decrease Human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (hIAPP) Aggregation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:729001. [PMID: 34604227 PMCID: PMC8481668 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.729001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid diseases are degenerative pathologies, highly prevalent today because they are closely related to aging, that have in common the erroneous folding of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) which aggregate and lead to cell death. Type 2 Diabetes involves a peptide called human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP), which undergoes a conformational change, triggering the aggregation process leading to amyloid aggregates and fibers rich in β-sheets mainly found in the pancreas of all diabetic patients. Inhibiting the aggregation of amyloid proteins has emerged as a relevant therapeutic approach and we have recently developed the design of acyclic flexible hairpins based on peptidic recognition sequences of the amyloid β peptide (Aβ1–42) as a successful strategy to inhibit its aggregation involved in Alzheimer’s disease. The present work reports the extension of our strategy to hIAPP aggregation inhibitors. The design, synthesis, conformational analyses, and biophysical evaluations of dynamic β-hairpin like structures built on a piperidine-pyrrolidine β-turn inducer are described. By linking to this β-turn inducer three different arms (i) pentapeptide, (ii) tripeptide, and (iii) α/aza/aza/pseudotripeptide, we demonstrate that the careful selection of the peptide-based arms from the sequence of hIAPP allowed to selectively modulate its aggregation, while the peptide character can be decreased. Biophysical assays combining, Thioflavin-T fluorescence, transmission electronic microscopy, capillary electrophoresis, and mass spectrometry showed that the designed compounds inhibit both the oligomerization and the fibrillization of hIAPP. They are also capable to decrease the aggregation process in the presence of membrane models and to strongly delay the membrane-leakage induced by hIAPP. More generally, this work provides the proof of concept that our rational design is a versatile and relevant strategy for developing efficient and selective inhibitors of aggregation of amyloidogenic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Lesma
- BioCIS, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Faustine Bizet
- BioCIS, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Corentin Berardet
- BioCIS, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France.,Institute Galien Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Nicolo Tonali
- BioCIS, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Sara Pellegrino
- DISFARM, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica "A. Marchesini," Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Myriam Taverna
- Institute Galien Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Lucie Khemtemourian
- Institute of Chemistry and Biology of Membranes and Nanoobjects, Institut Polytechnique Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5248, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | | | - Carine van Heijenoort
- ICSN, Equipe Biologie et Chimie Structurales, Département de Chimie et Biologie Structurales et Analytiques, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Frédéric Halgand
- Institut de Chimie Physique, Equipe Chimie Analytique Physicochimie Réactivité des Ions, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Tâp Ha-Duong
- BioCIS, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Julia Kaffy
- BioCIS, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Sandrine Ongeri
- BioCIS, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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32
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De Sousa RAL, Improta-Caria AC, Cassilhas RC. Effects of physical exercise on memory in type 2 diabetes: a brief review. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:1559-1563. [PMID: 34115274 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00752-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disorder that can lead to memory impairment. T2D main features are insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Physical exercise is a non-pharmacological intervention that can regulate glycemic levels and fight insulin resistance in T2D, but whether it influences memory has been discussed. There are 2 main types of physical exercise: aerobic exercise and resistance exercise. Here, we review about the consequences of different physical exercise protocols on memory in diabetic subjects and animal models of T2D. Physical exercise, aerobic or resistance training, most of the times, is a capable agent to prevent and treat memory loss on diabetic subjects and animal models of T2D. However, whether aerobic and resistance training combined improve memory in subjects with T2D remains controversial. Regarding animal models of T2D, aerobic and resistance training have been showed to be capable to prevent and treat memory loss. Acute and chronic protocols of exercise, generally, induce positive physiological responses and adaptations in T2D, such as a better glucose control. The ideal physical exercise protocol that will produce the best benefits to diabetic subjects and to animal models of T2D has not been described yet. A variety of combination between intensity, volume, frequency, and duration of the physical exercise protocol on future studies is necessary to both diabetic subjects and animal models of T2D to determine the best protocol that will induce more benefits on memory in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Augusto Leoni De Sousa
- Multicenter Post Graduation Program in Physiological Sciences, Brazilian Society of Physiology, Federal University of the Valleys of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- Neuroscience and Exercise Study Group (Grupo de Estudo em Neurociências e Exercício - GENE), Federal University of the Valleys of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Minas Gerais, Diamantina, Brazil.
| | | | - Ricardo Cardoso Cassilhas
- Multicenter Post Graduation Program in Physiological Sciences, Brazilian Society of Physiology, Federal University of the Valleys of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Neuroscience and Exercise Study Group (Grupo de Estudo em Neurociências e Exercício - GENE), Federal University of the Valleys of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Minas Gerais, Diamantina, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of the Valleys of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Minas Gerais, Diamantina, Brazil
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Yuan CL, Yi R, Dong Q, Yao LF, Liu B. The relationship between diabetes-related cognitive dysfunction and leukoaraiosis. Acta Neurol Belg 2021; 121:1101-1110. [PMID: 33893981 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-021-01676-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system, which often associates with ageing brain as well as neurodegenerative diseases. A growing body of evidence suggests that patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have a significantly higher risk of cognitive impairment. In recent years, studies have found that patients with diabetes-related cognitive dysfunction have an increased burden of leukoaraiosis (LA), and larger white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume. With the recent advancement of technologies, multimodal imaging is widely exploited for the precise evaluation of central nervous system diseases. Emerging studies suggest that LA pathology can be used as a predictive signal of white matter lesions in patients with diabetes-related cognitive dysfunction, providing support for early identification and diagnosis of disease. This article reviews the findings, epidemiological characteristics, pathogenesis, imaging features, prevention and treatment of LA pathophysiology in patients with diabetes-related cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lan Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Yi
- Department of Endocrine, The First Affiliated Hospital Of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Dong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li-Fen Yao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital Of Harbin Medical University, No. 37 Yiyuan Street, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
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Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease: Might Mitochondrial Dysfunction Help Deciphering the Common Path? Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081257. [PMID: 34439505 PMCID: PMC8389322 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing number of clinical and epidemiological studies support the hypothesis of a tight correlation between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the development risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Indeed, the proposed definition of Alzheimer's disease as type 3 diabetes (T3D) underlines the key role played by deranged insulin signaling to accumulation of aggregated amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides in the senile plaques of the brain. Metabolic disturbances such as hyperglycemia, peripheral hyperinsulinemia, dysregulated lipid metabolism, and chronic inflammation associated with T2DM are responsible for an inefficient transport of insulin to the brain, producing a neuronal insulin resistance that triggers an enhanced production and deposition of Aβ and concomitantly contributes to impairment in the micro-tubule-associated protein Tau, leading to neural degeneration and cognitive decline. Furthermore, the reduced antioxidant capacity observed in T2DM patients, together with the impairment of cerebral glucose metabolism and the decreased performance of mitochondrial activity, suggests the existence of a relationship between oxidative damage, mitochondrial impairment, and cognitive dysfunction that could further reinforce the common pathophysiology of T2DM and AD. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms by which insulin-signaling dysregulation in T2DM can contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of AD, deepening the analysis of complex mechanisms involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production under oxidative stress and their possible influence in AD and T2DM. In addition, the role of current therapies as tools for prevention or treatment of damage induced by oxidative stress in T2DM and AD will be debated.
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Memory impairment and depressive-like phenotype are accompanied by downregulation of hippocampal insulin and BDNF signaling pathways in prediabetic mice. Physiol Behav 2021; 237:113346. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Hwang I, Yeon EK, Lee JY, Yoo RE, Kang KM, Yun TJ, Choi SH, Sohn CH, Kim H, Kim JH. Prediction of brain age from routine T2-weighted spin-echo brain magnetic resonance images with a deep convolutional neural network. Neurobiol Aging 2021; 105:78-85. [PMID: 34049061 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Our study investigated the feasibility and clinical relevance of brain age prediction using axial T2-weighted images (T2-WIs) with a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm. The CNN model was trained by 1,530 scans in our institution. The performance was evaluated by the mean absolute error (MAE) between the predicted brain age and the chronological age based on an internal test set (n=270) and an external test set (n=560). The ensemble CNN model showed an MAE of 4.22 years in the internal test set and 9.96 years in the external test set. Participants with grade 2-3 white matter hyperintensity (WMH) showed a higher corrected predicted age difference (PAD) than grade 0 WMH (posthoc p<0.001). Participants diagnosed with diabetes mellitus also had a higher corrected PAD than those without diabetes (adjusted p=0.048), although it showed no significant differences according to the diagnosis of hypertension or dyslipidemia. We suggest that routine clinical T2-WIs are feasible to predict brain age, and it might be clinically relevant according to the WMH grade and the presence of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inpyeong Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eung Koo Yeon
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Ye Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Roh-Eul Yoo
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Koung Mi Kang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Jin Yun
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hong Choi
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Sohn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonjin Kim
- Department of Medical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Hoon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Dini S, Zakeri M, Ebrahimpour S, Dehghanian F, Esmaeili A. Quercetin‑conjugated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles modulate glucose metabolism-related genes and miR-29 family in the hippocampus of diabetic rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8618. [PMID: 33883592 PMCID: PMC8060416 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87687-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin (QC) is a dietary bioflavonoid that can be conjugated with nanoparticles to facilitate its brain bioavailability. We previously showed that quercetin-conjugated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (QCSPIONs) reduced the level of blood glucose in diabetic rats. Glucose transporters (GLUTs), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and microRNA-29 (miR-29) play a critical role in brain glucose homeostasis. In the current study, we examined the effects of QCSPION on the expression of glucose metabolism-related genes, and the miR-29 family as a candidate regulator of glucose handling in the hippocampus of diabetic rats. Our in silico analyses introduce the miR-29 family as potential regulators of glucose transporters and IGF-1 genes. The expression level of the miR-29 family, IGF-1, GLUT1, GLUT2, GLUT3, and GLUT4 were measured by qPCR. Our results indicate that diabetes significantly results in upregulation of the miR-29 family and downregulation of the GLUT1, 2, 3, 4, and IGF-1 genes. Interestingly, QCSPIONs reduced miR-29 family expression and subsequently enhanced GLUT1, 2, 3, 4, and IGF-1expression. In conclusion, our findings suggest that QCSPION could regulate the expression of the miR-29 family, which in turn increases the expression of glucose transporters and IGF-1, thereby reducing diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Dini
- grid.411750.60000 0001 0454 365XDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Zakeri
- grid.411750.60000 0001 0454 365XDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shiva Ebrahimpour
- grid.411750.60000 0001 0454 365XDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fariba Dehghanian
- grid.411750.60000 0001 0454 365XDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Esmaeili
- grid.411750.60000 0001 0454 365XDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
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Adefegha SA, Dada FA, Oyeleye SI, Oboh G. Effects of berberine on cholinesterases and monoamine oxidase activities, and antioxidant status in the brain of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 33:389-397. [PMID: 33725758 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several studies had been conducted to examine the link between diabetes and diabetes encephalopathy. This study was conducted to examine the potency of berberine (BER) on the restoration of impaired neurochemicals in the brain of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Wistar rats. METHODS Fifty-six (56) adult rats weighing between 200 and 230 g were randomly divided into seven groups (n=8) as follows; Group I is normal control; Groups II and III were normal rats treated with 50 and 100 mg/kg respectively; Group IV-VII were STZ-induced rats, but Groups V-VII were treated with acarbose (25 mg/kg), 50 and 100 mg/kg of BER, respectively. RESULTS The result of the study showed that untreated STZ-induced diabetic rats have increased acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), monoamine oxidase (MAO) activities, and malonylaldehyde (MDA) level, with concomitant decrease of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, and glutathione (GSH) level. However, daily treatment with 50 and 100 mg/kg BER and ACA significantly reversed these effects. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study clearly indicated that BER possesses neuro-protective and antioxidative potentials and normalize neurochemical impairment distort by diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Adefegha
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Research Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Felix A Dada
- Science Laboratory Technology Department (Biochemistry Unit), Ede, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Sunday I Oyeleye
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Research Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Ganiyu Oboh
- Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Research Laboratory, Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
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Sousa RALD, Improta-Caria AC, Souza BSDF. Exercise-Linked Irisin: Consequences on Mental and Cardiovascular Health in Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2199. [PMID: 33672171 PMCID: PMC7926886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder associated with insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Chronic exposure to a T2DM microenvironment with hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, oxidative stress and increased levels of proinflammatory mediators, has negative consequences to the cardiovascular system and mental health. Therefore, atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and mental health issues have been strongly associated with T2DM. Lifestyle modifications, including physical exercise training, are necessary to prevent T2DM development and its associated complications. It is widely known that the regular practice of exercise provides several physiological benefits to subjects with T2DM, such as managing glycemic and blood pressure levels. Different types of exercise, from aerobic to resistance training, are effective to improve mental health and cognitive function in T2DM. Irisin is a myokine produced in response to exercise, which has been pointed as a relevant mechanism of action to explain the benefits of exercise on cardiovascular and mental health in T2DM patients. Here, we review emerging clinical and experimental evidence about exercise-linked irisin consequences to cardiovascular and mental health in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Augusto Leoni De Sousa
- Multicenter Post Graduation Program in Physiological Sciences, Brazilian Society of Physiology, Federal University of the Valleys of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais CEP 39.000-000, Brazil;
- Neuroscience and Exercise Study Group (Grupo de Estudos em Neurociências e Exercício–GENE), Federal University of the Valleys of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais CEP 39.000-000, Brazil
| | - Alex Cleber Improta-Caria
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia CEP 40.110-100, Brazil;
- Department of Physical Education in Cardiology, Brazilian Society of Cardiology, Bahia CEP 41.170-130, Brazil
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Bahia CEP 41.253-190, Brazil
| | - Bruno Solano de Freitas Souza
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Bahia CEP 41.253-190, Brazil
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro CEP 22.281-100, Brazil
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Bahia CEP 40.296-710, Brazil
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Fessel J. A vaccine to prevent initial loss of cognition and eventual Alzheimer's disease in elderly persons. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2021; 7:e12126. [PMID: 33598529 PMCID: PMC7864087 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Prevention is better than cure and prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD) may be possible. In elderly persons who are cognitively normal, synaptic hypometabolism as shown by reduced cerebral uptake of fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG), provides a premonitory signal of potential, future loss of cognition if those individuals also have present evidence of amyloid deposition seen in the Pittsburgh compound B positron emission tomography (PIB-PET) scan for amyloid. Those are the persons who should be targeted if one aims to prevent AD. The synaptic hypometabolism implies that the brain's availability of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is inadequate for performance of all required synaptic functions. This review first describes the basis for asserting that reduced cerebral uptake of 18F-FDG accurately reflects synaptic hypometabolism; second, explains the basis for asserting that hypometabolism implies inadequate ATP; third, shows that amyloid beta (Aβ) itself, Aβ modified by pyroglutamate to become a molecule termed pE(3)Aβ, and cyclophilin-D, in concert are the main contributors to inadequate synaptic ATP and that, therefore, reducing all of their levels would neutralize their combined effect and correct the hypometabolism. pE(3)Aβ is more neurotoxic than unmodified Aβ; and cyclophilin D inhibits ATP synthase and reduces ATP formation. Finally, this review describes an mRNA self-replicating vaccine that will raise brain levels of ATP by reducing Aβ, pyroglutamate-modified Aβ, and cyclophilin-D, and thereby-in cognitively normal elderly persons who have synaptic hypometabolism-prevent initiation of the process that terminates in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Fessel
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
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Dionysopoulou S, Charmandari E, Bargiota A, Vlahos NF, Mastorakos G, Valsamakis G. The Role of Hypothalamic Inflammation in Diet-Induced Obesity and Its Association with Cognitive and Mood Disorders. Nutrients 2021; 13:498. [PMID: 33546219 PMCID: PMC7913301 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is often associated with cognitive and mood disorders. Recent evidence suggests that obesity may cause hypothalamic inflammation. Our aim was to investigate the hypothesis that there is a causal link between obesity-induced hypothalamic inflammation and cognitive and mood disorders. Inflammation may influence hypothalamic inter-connections with regions important for cognition and mood, while it may cause dysregulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis and influence monoaminergic systems. Exercise, healthy diet, and glucagon-like peptide receptor agonists, which can reduce hypothalamic inflammation in obese models, could improve the deleterious effects on cognition and mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Dionysopoulou
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Hippocratio General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Evangelia Charmandari
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece;
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandra Bargiota
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital of Larisa, Medical School of Larisa, University of Thessaly, 41334 Larisa, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos F Vlahos
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Areteion University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece;
| | - George Mastorakos
- Endocrine Unit, Areteion University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece;
| | - Georgios Valsamakis
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital of Larisa, Medical School of Larisa, University of Thessaly, 41334 Larisa, Greece;
- Endocrine Unit, Areteion University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece;
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Jha NK, Sharma A, Jha SK, Ojha S, Chellappan DK, Gupta G, Kesari KK, Bhardwaj S, Shukla SD, Tambuwala MM, Ruokolainen J, Dua K, Singh SK. Alzheimer's disease-like perturbations in HIV-mediated neuronal dysfunctions: understanding mechanisms and developing therapeutic strategies. Open Biol 2020; 10:200286. [PMID: 33352062 PMCID: PMC7776571 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive exposure to toxic substances or chemicals in the environment and various pathogens, including viruses and bacteria, is associated with the onset of numerous brain abnormalities. Among them, pathogens, specifically viruses, elicit persistent inflammation that plays a major role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) as well as dementia. AD is the most common brain disorder that affects thought, speech, memory and ability to execute daily routines. It is also manifested by progressive synaptic impairment and neurodegeneration, which eventually leads to dementia following the accumulation of Aβ and hyperphosphorylated Tau. Numerous factors contribute to the pathogenesis of AD, including neuroinflammation associated with pathogens, and specifically viruses. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is often linked with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) following permeation through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and induction of persistent neuroinflammation. Further, HIV infections also exhibited the ability to modulate numerous AD-associated factors such as BBB regulators, members of stress-related pathways as well as the amyloid and Tau pathways that lead to the formation of amyloid plaques or neurofibrillary tangles accumulation. Studies regarding the role of HIV in HAND and AD are still in infancy, and potential link or mechanism between both is not yet established. Thus, in the present article, we attempt to discuss various molecular mechanisms that contribute to the basic understanding of the role of HIV-associated neuroinflammation in AD and HAND. Further, using numerous growth factors and drugs, we also present possible therapeutic strategies to curb the neuroinflammatory changes and its associated sequels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, UP 201310, India
| | - Ankur Sharma
- Department of Life Science, School of Basic Science and Research (SBSR), Sharda University, Greater Noida, UP 201310, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, UP 201310, India
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, PO Box 17666, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Phamacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo 00076, Finland
| | - Shanu Bhardwaj
- Department of Biotechnology, HIMT, Greater Noida, CCS University, UP, India
| | - Shakti D. Shukla
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) and School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Murtaza M. Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, County Londonderry, BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo 00076, Finland
| | - Kamal Dua
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) and School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, PO Box 9, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173229, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Department of Biomedical Research, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGI Campus, Lucknow 226014, UP, India
- Biological Science, Indian Scientific Education and Technology Foundation, Lucknow 226002, UP, India
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Xu QH, Li QY, Yu K, Ge QM, Shi WQ, Li B, Liang RB, Lin Q, Zhang YQ, Shao Y. Altered Brain Network Centrality in Patients with Diabetic Optic Neuropathy: A Resting-State FMRI Study. Endocr Pract 2020; 26:1399-1405. [PMID: 33471731 DOI: 10.4158/ep-2020-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies have suggested that diabetic optic neuropathy (DON) independently increases the incidence of brain diseases like cerebral infarction and hemorrhage. In this study, voxel-level degree centrality (DC) was used to study potential changes in functional network brain activity in DON patients. METHODS The study included 14 DON patients and 14 healthy controls (HCs) matched by age, sex, and weight. All subjects underwent resting functional magnetic resonance imaging. Receiver operating characteristic curves and Pearson correlation analysis were performed. RESULTS The DC values of the left frontal mid-orb and right middle frontal gyrus/right frontal sup were significantly lower in DON patients compared to HCs. The DC value of the left temporal lobe was also significantly higher than in HCs. CONCLUSION Three different brain regions show DC changes in DON patients, suggesting common optic neuropathy in the context of diabetes and providing new ideas for treating optic nerve disease in patients with long-term diabetes. ABBREVIATIONS AUC = area under the curve; BCVA = best corrected visual acuity; DC = degree centrality; DON = diabetic optic neuropathy; fMRI = functional magnetic resonance imaging; HC = healthy control; LFMO = left frontal mid orb; LTL = left temporal lobe; RFS = right frontal sup; RMFG = right middle frontal gyrus; ROC = receiver operating characteristic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Hui Xu
- From the (1)Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China, and; The First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Yu Li
- From the (1)Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China, and
| | - Kang Yu
- From the (1)Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China, and; The First Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Ming Ge
- From the (1)Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China, and
| | - Wen-Qing Shi
- From the (1)Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China, and
| | - Biao Li
- From the (1)Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China, and
| | - Rong-Bin Liang
- From the (1)Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China, and
| | - Qi Lin
- From the (1)Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China, and
| | - Yu-Qing Zhang
- From the (1)Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China, and
| | - Yi Shao
- From the (1)Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province Ocular Disease Clinical Research Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China, and.
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Liraglutide improved the cognitive function of diabetic mice via the receptor of advanced glycation end products down-regulation. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:525-536. [PMID: 33298623 PMCID: PMC7835012 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE), are associated with cognition decline. We aim to investigate the effect of liraglutide on cognitive function in diabetic mice. Results Diabetic mice showed decreased cognitive function. Moreover, lower glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels in plasma were detected in db/db mice. Additionally, up-regulated RAGE and down-regulated glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1R) levels were observed in db/db mice. However, decreased GLP-1R and increased RAGE were reversed by liraglutide. We also found decreased cellular activity in cells with AGEs. Moreover, AGEs up-regulated RAGE in PC12 and HT22 cells. However, liraglutide improved the cell activity damaged by AGEs. Although we did not discover the direct-interaction between RAGE and GLP-1R, elevated RAGE levels induced by AGEs were restored by liraglutide. Conclusion We demonstrated that the cognitive function of diabetic mice was improved by liraglutide via the down-regulation of RAGE. Methods db/db mice and db/m mice were used in this study. Liraglutide was used to remedy diabetic mice. Neurons and RAGE in hippocampus were shown by immunofluorescence. And then, PC12 cells or HT22 cells with AGEs were treated with liraglutide. GLP-1R and RAGE were measured by western blotting.
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Effect of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cell Transplantation and Six Weeks of Aerobic Exercise on FNDC5 and Irisin Levels in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. MEDICAL LABORATORY JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.52547/mlj.14.6.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Bellantuono L, Marzano L, La Rocca M, Duncan D, Lombardi A, Maggipinto T, Monaco A, Tangaro S, Amoroso N, Bellotti R. Predicting brain age with complex networks: From adolescence to adulthood. Neuroimage 2020; 225:117458. [PMID: 33099008 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, several studies have demonstrated that machine learning and deep learning systems can be very useful to accurately predict brain age. In this work, we propose a novel approach based on complex networks using 1016 T1-weighted MRI brain scans (in the age range 7-64years). We introduce a structural connectivity model of the human brain: MRI scans are divided in rectangular boxes and Pearson's correlation is measured among them in order to obtain a complex network model. Brain connectivity is then characterized through few and easy-to-interpret centrality measures; finally, brain age is predicted by feeding a compact deep neural network. The proposed approach is accurate, robust and computationally efficient, despite the large and heterogeneous dataset used. Age prediction accuracy, in terms of correlation between predicted and actual age r=0.89and Mean Absolute Error MAE =2.19years, compares favorably with results from state-of-the-art approaches. On an independent test set including 262 subjects, whose scans were acquired with different scanners and protocols we found MAE =2.52. The only imaging analysis steps required in the proposed framework are brain extraction and linear registration, hence robust results are obtained with a low computational cost. In addition, the network model provides a novel insight on aging patterns within the brain and specific information about anatomical districts displaying relevant changes with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Bellantuono
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Universitá degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Luca Marzano
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Universitá degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Marianna La Rocca
- University of Southern California, Laboratory of NeuroImaging, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Dominique Duncan
- University of Southern California, Laboratory of NeuroImaging, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Angela Lombardi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sez. di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Tommaso Maggipinto
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Universitá degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Alfonso Monaco
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sez. di Bari, Bari, Italy.
| | - Sabina Tangaro
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sez. di Bari, Bari, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Universitá degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Amoroso
- Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco, Universitá degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sez. di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Bellotti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sez. di Bari, Bari, Italy; Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Universitá degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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Khazaei H, Pesce M, Patruno A, Aneva IY, Farzaei MH. Medicinal plants for diabetes associated neurodegenerative diseases: A systematic review of preclinical studies. Phytother Res 2020; 35:1697-1718. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hosna Khazaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Mirko Pesce
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences University G. d'Annunzio Chieti Italy
| | - Antonia Patruno
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences University G. d'Annunzio Chieti Italy
| | - Ina Y. Aneva
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria
| | - Mohammad H. Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
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Kaffy J, Berardet C, Mathieu L, Legrand B, Taverna M, Halgand F, Van Der Rest G, Maillard LT, Ongeri S. Helical γ‐Peptide Foldamers as Dual Inhibitors of Amyloid‐β Peptide and Islet Amyloid Polypeptide Oligomerization and Fibrillization. Chemistry 2020; 26:14612-14622. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kaffy
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS BioCIS 92290 Châtenay-Malabry France
| | - Corentin Berardet
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS BioCIS 92290 Châtenay-Malabry France
- Université Paris Saclay CNRS Institut Galien de Paris Sud 92290 Châtenay-Malabry France
| | - Loïc Mathieu
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron UMR 5247 CNRS Université de Montpellier-CNRS-ENSCM, UMR 5247 UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques 15 Avenue Charles Flahault 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Baptiste Legrand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron UMR 5247 CNRS Université de Montpellier-CNRS-ENSCM, UMR 5247 UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques 15 Avenue Charles Flahault 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Myriam Taverna
- Université Paris Saclay CNRS Institut Galien de Paris Sud 92290 Châtenay-Malabry France
- Institut Universitaire de France 1, rue Descartes 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Frédéric Halgand
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS Institut de Chimie Physique 91405 Orsay France
| | | | - Ludovic T. Maillard
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron UMR 5247 CNRS Université de Montpellier-CNRS-ENSCM, UMR 5247 UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques 15 Avenue Charles Flahault 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Sandrine Ongeri
- Université Paris-Saclay CNRS BioCIS 92290 Châtenay-Malabry France
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Tyner E, Oropeza M, Figueroa J, Peña ICD. Childhood Hypertension and Effects on Cognitive Functions: Mechanisms and Future Perspectives. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2020; 18:677-686. [PMID: 31749437 DOI: 10.2174/1871527318666191017155442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric hypertension is currently one of the most common health concerns in children, given its effects not only on cardiovascular but also cognitive functions. There is accumulating evidence suggesting neurocognitive dysfunction in hypertensive children that could persist even into adulthood. Identifying the precise mechanism(s) underlying the association between childhood hypertension and cognitive dysfunction is crucial as it could potentially lead to the discovery of "druggable" biological targets facilitating the development of treatments. Here, we discuss some of the proposed pathophysiological mechanisms underlying childhood hypertension and cognitive deficits and suggest strategies to address some of the current challenges in the field. The various research studies involving hypertensive adults indicate that long-term hypertension may produce abnormal cerebrovascular reactivity, chronic inflammation, autonomic dysfunction, or hyperinsulinemia and hypercholesterolemia, which could lead to alterations in the brain's structure and functions, resulting in cognitive dysfunction. In light of the current literature, we propose that dysregulation of the hypothalamus-pituitaryadrenal axis, modifications in endothelial brain-derived neurotrophic factor and the gut microbiome may also modulate cognitive functions in hypertensive individuals. Moreover, the above-mentioned pathological states may further intensify the detrimental effects of hypertension on cognitive functions. Thus, treatments that target not only hypertension but also its downstream effects may prove useful in ameliorating hypertension-induced cognitive deficits. Much remains to be clarified about the mechanisms and treatments of hypertension-induced cognitive outcomes in pediatric populations. Addressing the knowledge gaps in this field entails conducting not only clinical research but also rigorous basic and translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Tyner
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Pharmacy, Loma Linda, California, 92350, United States
| | - Marie Oropeza
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Pharmacy, Loma Linda, California, 92350, United States
| | - Johnny Figueroa
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, and Physiology Division, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California 92350, United States
| | - Ike C Dela Peña
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Pharmacy, Loma Linda, California, 92350, United States
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Relationship Between Cognitive Functions and Insulin-degrading Enzyme in Individuals With Prediabetes. Cogn Behav Neurol 2020; 33:218-225. [PMID: 32889954 DOI: 10.1097/wnn.0000000000000241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with diabetes can develop cognitive impairment due to dysfunction of glucose metabolism; however, it remains unclear whether cognition becomes altered in the prediabetic stage. Substantial evidence links cognitive impairment in diabetes to aberrant serum insulin-degrading enzyme (s[IDE]) levels. This relationship remains to be investigated in individuals with prediabetes. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between cognitive function and s[IDE] levels in individuals with prediabetes. METHOD The study group consisted of 47 individuals who had been diagnosed with prediabetes and 41 healthy controls. Cognitive functions were evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and s[IDE] levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The MoCA total scores and s[IDE] levels of the individuals with prediabetes were significantly lower (P = 0.001, 0.006) than those of the controls, and the MoCA Attention measure of the individuals with prediabetes was also very low (P = 0.001). To determine cognitive impairment, we divided the prediabetics into two subgroups according to the MoCA cutoff value. Scores on all of the MoCA tests were significantly lower in the group with mild cognitive impairment (P < 0.05). There was no correlation between MoCA scores and s[IDE] levels (P > 0.05), but serum-fasting glucose levels showed a negative correlation with MoCA scores (P < 0.05, ρ = -0.287). CONCLUSION Evidence of mild cognitive impairment was high in the individuals with prediabetes and showed a negative correlation with serum-fasting glucose levels but not with s[IDE] levels.
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