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Wasim R, Singh A, Islam A, Mohammed S, Anwar A, Mahmood T. High Mobility Group Box 1 and Cardiovascular Diseases: Study of Act and Connect. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024:10.1007/s12012-024-09919-5. [PMID: 39242448 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-024-09919-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the deadly disease that can result in sudden death, and inflammation plays an important role in its onset and progression. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that regulates transcription, DNA replication, repair, and nucleosome assembly. HMGB1 is released passively by necrotic tissues and actively secreted by stressed cells. Extracellular HMGB1 functions as a damage associated molecular patterns molecule, producing numerous redox forms that induce a range of cellular responses by binding to distinct receptors and interactors, including tissue inflammation and regeneration. Extracellular HMGB1 inhibition reduces inflammation and is protective in experimental models of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion damage, myocarditis, cardiomyopathies caused by mechanical stress, diabetes, bacterial infection, or chemotherapeutic drugs. HMGB1 administration following a myocardial infarction followed by permanent coronary artery ligation improves cardiac function by stimulating tissue regeneration. HMGB1 inhibits contractility and produces hypertrophy and death in cardiomyocytes, while also stimulating cardiac fibroblast activity and promoting cardiac stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Maintaining normal nuclear HMGB1 levels, interestingly, protects cardiomyocytes from apoptosis by limiting DNA oxidative stress, and mice with HMGB1cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression are partially protected from cardiac injury. Finally, elevated levels of circulating HMGB1 have been linked to human heart disease. As a result, following cardiac damage, HMGB1 elicits both detrimental and helpful responses, which may be due to the formation and stability of the various redox forms, the particular activities of which in this context are mostly unknown. This review covers recent findings in HMGB1 biology and cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rufaida Wasim
- Department of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India.
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India.
| | - Aditya Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - Anas Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - Saad Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - Aamir Anwar
- Department of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - Tarique Mahmood
- Department of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India
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Jia Z, Yu W, Li X, Dong T, Wang X, Li J, Yang J, Liu Y. Du-moxibustion ameliorates depression-like behavior and neuroinflammation in chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced mice. J Affect Disord 2024; 358:211-221. [PMID: 38705530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation is involved in the advancement of depression. Du-moxibustion can treat depression. Here, we explored whether Du-moxibustion could alleviate neuroglia-associated neuro-inflammatory process in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were distributed into five groups. Except for the CON group, other four groups underwent CUMS for four consecutive weeks, and Du-moxibustion was given simultaneously after modeling. Behavioral tests were then carried out. Additionally, Western blot was conducted to measure the relative expression levels of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). Immunofluorescence was employed to evaluate the positive cells of ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Furthermore, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were analyzed using an ELISA assay. RESULTS We found that CUMS induced depression-like behaviors, such as reduced sucrose preference ratio, decreased locomotor and exploratory activity, decreased the time in open arms and prolonged immobility. Furthermore, versus the CON group, the expression of HMGB1, TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB, positive cells of Iba-1, IL-1β and TNF-α were increased but positive cells of GFAP were decreased in CUMS group. However, the detrimental effects were ameliorated by treatment with CUMS+FLU and CUMS+DM. LIMITATIONS A shortage of this study is that only CUMS model of depression were used, while other depression model were not included. CONCLUSIONS Du-moxibustion alleviates depression-like behaviors in CUMS mice mainly by reducing neuroinflammation, which offers novel insights into the potential treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixia Jia
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, Shandong, China
| | - Wenyan Yu
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, Shandong, China
| | - Xuhao Li
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, Shandong, China
| | - Tiantian Dong
- Traditional Chinese Medicine External Treatment Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China
| | - Xingxin Wang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, Shandong, China
| | - Jinling Li
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, Shandong, China
| | - Jiguo Yang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, Shandong, China.
| | - Yuanxiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250013, Shandong, China.
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Parten C, Subeshan B, Asmatulu R. Highly conductive and durable nanocomposite hard coatings of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites against lightning strikes. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:97. [PMID: 38842736 PMCID: PMC11156827 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-04041-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The growing use of thermoplastic composites (TPCs) like low-melting polyaryletherketone (LM-PAEK) matrices reinforced with unidirectional carbon fiber (CF) in aircraft structures presents a significant challenge in terms of lightning strikes and electromagnetic interference shielding during aircraft operations. This is due to the weak electrical conductivity of TPC structures, which results in widespread damage when struck by lightning. The repair and maintenance of these extended damaged sites can increase operational costs and loss of flights. Several lightning strike protection (LSP) systems have been developed and implemented to address these concerns. This study evaluated a highly conductive coating with a low filler rate for its effectiveness as an LSP solution for TPCs on exterior aircraft surfaces. The TPC panel without any coatings was first studied. Subsequently, the level of conductivity was increased by incorporating the nanoscale conductive fillers, silver-coated copper (Ag/Cu) nanoflakes, with a silver content of 20 wt.% (Ag20/Cu) and 30 wt.% (Ag30/Cu), correspondingly, into the coating at two loadings of 55 wt.% and 70 wt.% in an epoxy carrier for the surface coatings. The behavior of electrical and surface conductivity was thoroughly examined to understand the impact of Ag/Cu with a high aspect ratio and the effectiveness of the LSP solution. In addition, the spray-coated TPC panels underwent rigorous Zone 2A lightning strike testing using simulated lightning current, in agreement with the industry standard of Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) 5412B. Despite the higher resistance due to the lower conductive coating weight, the TPC panels with Ag30/Cu at loading of 70 wt.% achieved better results than those with Ag30/Cu at loading of 55 wt.%. This is evidenced by the minor structural delamination and CF breakage on the front surface, which proposes a new economic route for a sustainable post-processed LSP system in the aviation industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clay Parten
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, KS, 67260, USA
| | - Balakrishnan Subeshan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, KS, 67260, USA
| | - Ramazan Asmatulu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, KS, 67260, USA.
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Xu K, Wang M, Wang H, Zhao S, Tu D, Gong X, Li W, Liu X, Zhong L, Chen J, Xie P. HMGB1/STAT3/p65 axis drives microglial activation and autophagy exert a crucial role in chronic Stress-Induced major depressive disorder. J Adv Res 2024; 59:79-96. [PMID: 37321346 PMCID: PMC11081938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neuroinflammation and autophagy are implicated in stress-related major depressive disorder (MDD), but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. OBJECTIVES Here, we identified that MDD regulated by HMGB1/STAT3/p65 axis mediated microglial activation and autophagy for the first time. Further investigations were performed to uncover the effects of this axis on MDD in vivo and in vitro. METHODS Bioinformatics analyses were used to re-analysis the transcriptome data from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) of post-mortem male MDD patients. The expression level of HMGB1 and its correlation with depression symptoms were explored in MDD clinical patients and chronic social defeat stress (CSDS)-induced depression model mice. Specific adeno-associated virus and recombinant (r)HMGB1 injection into the medial PFC (mPFC) of mice, and pharmacological inhibitors with rHMGB1 in two microglial cell lines exposed to lipopolysaccharide were used to analyze the effects of HMGB1/STAT3/p65 axis on MDD. RESULTS The differential expression of genes from MDD patients implicated in microglial activation and autophagy regulated by HMGB1/STAT3/p65 axis. Serum HMGB1 level was elevated in MDD patients and positively correlated with symptom severity. CSDS not only induced depression-like states in mice, but also enhanced microglial reactivity, autophagy as well as activation of the HMGB1/STAT3/p65 axis in mPFC. The expression level of HMGB1 was mainly increased in the microglial cells of CSDS-susceptible mice, which also correlated with depressive-like behaviors. Specific HMGB1 knockdown produced a depression-resilient phenotype and suppressed the associated microglial activation and autophagy effects of CSDS-induced. The effects induced by CSDS were mimicked by exogenous administration of rHMGB1 or specific overexpression of HMGB1, while blocked by STAT3 inhibitor or p65 knockdown. In vitro, inhibition of HMGB1/STAT3/p65 axis prevented lipopolysaccharide-induced microglial activation and autophagy, while rHMGB1 reversed these changes. CONCLUSION Our study established the role of microglial HMGB1/STAT3/p65 axis in mPFC in mediating microglial activation and autophagy in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Mingyang Wang
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Key Laboratory of Psychoseomadsy, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Dianji Tu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Xue Gong
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wenxia Li
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Lianmei Zhong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China.
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Gharibi S, Vaillend C, Lindsay A. The unconditioned fear response in vertebrates deficient in dystrophin. Prog Neurobiol 2024; 235:102590. [PMID: 38484964 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2024.102590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Dystrophin loss due to mutations in the Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) gene is associated with a wide spectrum of neurocognitive comorbidities, including an aberrant unconditioned fear response to stressful/threat stimuli. Dystrophin-deficient animal models of DMD demonstrate enhanced stress reactivity that manifests as sustained periods of immobility. When the threat is repetitive or severe in nature, dystrophinopathy phenotypes can be exacerbated and even cause sudden death. Thus, it is apparent that enhanced sensitivity to stressful/threat stimuli in dystrophin-deficient vertebrates is a legitimate cause of concern for patients with DMD that could impact neurocognition and pathophysiology. This review discusses our current understanding of the mechanisms and consequences of the hypersensitive fear response in preclinical models of DMD and the potential challenges facing clinical translatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Gharibi
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Cyrille Vaillend
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Saclay 91400, France.
| | - Angus Lindsay
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand; Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8014, New Zealand.
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Morioka N, Nakamura Y, Hisaoka-Nakashima K, Nakata Y. High mobility group box-1: A therapeutic target for analgesia and associated symptoms in chronic pain. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116058. [PMID: 38367818 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The number of patients with chronic pain continues to increase against the background of an ageing society and a high incidence of various epidemics and disasters. One factor contributing to this situation is the absence of truly effective analgesics. Chronic pain is a persistent stress for the organism and can trigger a variety of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Hence, the search for useful analgesic targets is currently being intensified worldwide, and it is anticipated that the key to success may be molecules involved in emotional as well as sensory systems. High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) has attracted attention as a therapeutic target for a variety of diseases. It is a very unique molecule having a dual role as a nuclear protein while also functioning as an inflammatory agent outside the cell. In recent years, numerous studies have shown that HMGB1 acts as a pain inducer in primary sensory nerves and the spinal dorsal horn. In addition, HMGB1 can function in the brain, and is involved in the symptoms of depression, anxiety and cognitive dysfunction that accompany chronic pain. In this review, we will summarize recent research and discuss the potential of HMGB1 as a useful drug target for chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norimitsu Morioka
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Yoki Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Kazue Hisaoka-Nakashima
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nakata
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
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Johnson EE, Southern WM, Doud B, Steiger B, Razzoli M, Bartolomucci A, Ervasti JM. Retention of stress susceptibility in the mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy after PGC-1α overexpression or ablation of IDO1 or CD38. Hum Mol Genet 2024; 33:594-611. [PMID: 38181046 PMCID: PMC10954366 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal degenerative muscle wasting disease caused by the loss of the structural protein dystrophin with secondary pathological manifestations including metabolic dysfunction, mood and behavioral disorders. In the mildly affected mdx mouse model of DMD, brief scruff stress causes inactivity, while more severe subordination stress results in lethality. Here, we investigated the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation and the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolic pathway in mdx mice and their involvement as possible mediators of mdx stress-related pathology. We identified downregulation of the kynurenic acid shunt, a neuroprotective branch of the kynurenine pathway, in mdx skeletal muscle associated with attenuated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) transcriptional regulatory activity. Restoring the kynurenic acid shunt by skeletal muscle-specific PGC-1α overexpression in mdx mice did not prevent scruff -induced inactivity, nor did abrogating extrahepatic kynurenine pathway activity by genetic deletion of the pathway rate-limiting enzyme, indoleamine oxygenase 1. We further show that reduced NAD+ production in mdx skeletal muscle after subordination stress exposure corresponded with elevated levels of NAD+ catabolites produced by ectoenzyme cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38) that have been implicated in lethal mdx response to pharmacological β-adrenergic receptor agonism. However, genetic CD38 ablation did not prevent mdx scruff-induced inactivity. Our data do not support a direct contribution by the kynurenine pathway or CD38 metabolic dysfunction to the exaggerated stress response of mdx mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erynn E Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - W Michael Southern
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Baird Doud
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Brandon Steiger
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Maria Razzoli
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 321 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Alessandro Bartolomucci
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 321 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - James M Ervasti
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota Medical School, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
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Fronza MG, Ferreira BF, Pavan-Silva I, Guimarães FS, Lisboa SF. "NO" Time in Fear Response: Possible Implication of Nitric-Oxide-Related Mechanisms in PTSD. Molecules 2023; 29:89. [PMID: 38202672 PMCID: PMC10779493 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition characterized by persistent fear responses and altered neurotransmitter functioning due to traumatic experiences. Stress predominantly affects glutamate, a neurotransmitter crucial for synaptic plasticity and memory formation. Activation of the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate glutamate receptors (NMDAR) can trigger the formation of a complex comprising postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD95), the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), and its adaptor protein (NOS1AP). This complex is pivotal in activating nNOS and nitric oxide (NO) production, which, in turn, activates downstream pathways that modulate neuronal signaling, including synaptic plasticity/transmission, inflammation, and cell death. The involvement of nNOS and NOS1AP in the susceptibility of PTSD and its comorbidities has been widely shown. Therefore, understanding the interplay between stress, fear, and NO is essential for comprehending the maintenance and progression of PTSD, since NO is involved in fear acquisition and extinction processes. Moreover, NO induces post-translational modifications (PTMs), including S-nitrosylation and nitration, which alter protein function and structure for intracellular signaling. Although evidence suggests that NO influences synaptic plasticity and memory processing, the specific role of PTMs in the pathophysiology of PTSD remains unclear. This review highlights pathways modulated by NO that could be relevant to stress and PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana G. Fronza
- Pharmacology Departament, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (M.G.F.); (B.F.F.); (I.P.-S.)
| | - Bruna F. Ferreira
- Pharmacology Departament, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (M.G.F.); (B.F.F.); (I.P.-S.)
| | - Isabela Pavan-Silva
- Pharmacology Departament, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (M.G.F.); (B.F.F.); (I.P.-S.)
| | - Francisco S. Guimarães
- Pharmacology Departament, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (M.G.F.); (B.F.F.); (I.P.-S.)
| | - Sabrina F. Lisboa
- Pharmacology Departament, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil; (M.G.F.); (B.F.F.); (I.P.-S.)
- Biomolecular Sciences Department, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 14040-903, Brazil
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Kaya Z, Belder N, Sever-Bahcekapili M, Donmez-Demir B, Erdener ŞE, Bozbeyoglu N, Bagci C, Eren-Kocak E, Yemisci M, Karatas H, Erdemli E, Gursel I, Dalkara T. Vesicular HMGB1 release from neurons stressed with spreading depolarization enables confined inflammatory signaling to astrocytes. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:295. [PMID: 38082296 PMCID: PMC10712196 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02977-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in inflammation is well characterized in the immune system and in response to tissue injury. More recently, HMGB1 was also shown to initiate an "inflammatory signaling cascade" in the brain parenchyma after a mild and brief disturbance, such as cortical spreading depolarization (CSD), leading to headache. Despite substantial evidence implying a role for inflammatory signaling in prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders such as migraine and depression, how HMGB1 is released from healthy neurons and how inflammatory signaling is initiated in the absence of apparent cell injury are not well characterized. We triggered a single cortical spreading depolarization by optogenetic stimulation or pinprick in naïve Swiss albino or transgenic Thy1-ChR2-YFP and hGFAP-GFP adult mice. We evaluated HMGB1 release in brain tissue sections prepared from these mice by immunofluorescent labeling and immunoelectron microscopy. EzColocalization and Costes thresholding algorithms were used to assess the colocalization of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) carrying HMGB1 with astrocyte or microglia processes. sEVs were also isolated from the brain after CSD, and neuron-derived sEVs were captured by CD171 (L1CAM). sEVs were characterized with flow cytometry, scanning electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blotting. We found that HMGB1 is released mainly within sEVs from the soma of stressed neurons, which are taken up by surrounding astrocyte processes. This creates conditions for selective communication between neurons and astrocytes bypassing microglia, as evidenced by activation of the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-ĸB p65 in astrocytes but not in microglia. Transmission immunoelectron microscopy data illustrated that HMGB1 was incorporated into sEVs through endosomal mechanisms. In conclusion, proinflammatory mediators released within sEVs can induce cell-specific inflammatory signaling in the brain without activating transmembrane receptors on other cells and causing overt inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Kaya
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nevin Belder
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
- Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Melike Sever-Bahcekapili
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Buket Donmez-Demir
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şefik Evren Erdener
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Naz Bozbeyoglu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Canan Bagci
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emine Eren-Kocak
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muge Yemisci
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hulya Karatas
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Erdemli
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ihsan Gursel
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science Faculty, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Turgay Dalkara
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
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Nguyen QT, Thanh LN, Hoang VT, Phan TTK, Heke M, Hoang DM. Bone Marrow-Derived Mononuclear Cells in the Treatment of Neurological Diseases: Knowns and Unknowns. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3211-3250. [PMID: 37356043 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01377-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) have been used for decades in preclinical and clinical studies to treat various neurological diseases. However, there is still a knowledge gap in the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of BMMNCs in the treatment of neurological diseases. In addition, prerequisite factors for the efficacy of BMMNC administration, such as the optimal route, dose, and number of administrations, remain unclear. In this review, we discuss known and unknown aspects of BMMNCs, including the cell harvesting, administration route and dose; mechanisms of action; and their applications in neurological diseases, including stroke, cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, autism spectrum disorder, and epilepsy. Furthermore, recommendations on indications for BMMNC administration and the advantages and limitations of BMMNC applications for neurological diseases are discussed. BMMNCs in the treatment of neurological diseases. BMMNCs have been applied in several neurological diseases. Proposed mechanisms for the action of BMMNCs include homing, differentiation and paracrine effects (angiogenesis, neuroprotection, and anti-inflammation). Further studies should be performed to determine the optimal cell dose and administration route, the roles of BMMNC subtypes, and the indications for the use of BMMNCs in neurological conditions with and without genetic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quyen Thi Nguyen
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, 11622, Vietnam
| | - Liem Nguyen Thanh
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, 11622, Vietnam.
- College of Health Science, Vin University, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Gia Lam District, Hanoi, 12400, Vietnam.
- Vinmec International Hospital-Times City, Vinmec Healthcare System, 458 Minh Khai, Hanoi, 11622, Vietnam.
| | - Van T Hoang
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, 11622, Vietnam
| | - Trang T K Phan
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, 11622, Vietnam
| | - Michael Heke
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Duc M Hoang
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, 11622, Vietnam
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11
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Luo Y, Lv K, Du Z, Zhang D, Chen M, Luo J, Wang L, Liu T, Gong H, Fan X. Minocycline improves autism-related behaviors by modulating microglia polarization in a mouse model of autism. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110594. [PMID: 37441807 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder with few pharmacological treatments. Minocycline, a tetracycline derivative that inhibits microglial activation, has been well-identified with anti-inflammatory properties and neuroprotective effects. A growing body of research suggests that ASD is associated with neuroinflammation, abnormal neurotransmitter levels, and neurogenesis. Thus, we hypothesized that minocycline could improve autism-related behaviors by inhibiting microglia activation and altering neuroinflammation. To verify our hypothesis, we used a mouse model of autism, BTBR T + Itpr3tf/J (BTBR). As expected, minocycline administration rescued the sociability and repetitive, stereotyped behaviors of BTBR mice while having no effect in C57BL/6J mice. We also found that minocycline improved neurogenesis and inhibited microglia activation in the hippocampus of BTBR mice. In addition, minocycline treatment inhibited Erk1/2 phosphorylation in the hippocampus of BTBR mice. Our findings show that minocycline administration alleviates ASD-like behaviors in BTBR mice and improves neurogenesis, suggesting that minocycline supplementation might be a potential strategy for improving ASD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luo
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Keyi Lv
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhulin Du
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China; School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Mei Chen
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lian Wang
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Tianyao Liu
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hong Gong
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Xiaotang Fan
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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12
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Abe H, Okada‐Tsuchioka M, Kajitani N, Omori W, Itagaki K, Shibasaki C, Boku S, Matsuhisa T, Takebayashi M. Serum levels of high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) and soluble receptors of advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) in depressed patients treated with electroconvulsive therapy. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2023; 43:359-364. [PMID: 37337402 PMCID: PMC10496042 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is one of the damage-associated molecular patterns produced by stress and induces inflammatory responses mediated by receptors of advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) on the cell surface. Meanwhile, soluble RAGE (sRAGE) exhibits an anti-inflammatory effect by capturing HMGB1. Animal models have shown upregulation of HMGB1 and RAGE in the brain or blood, suggesting the involvement of these proteins in depression pathophysiology. However, there have been no reports using blood from depressed patients, nor ones focusing on HMGB1 and sRAGE changes associated with treatment and their relationship to depressive symptoms. METHODS Serum HMGB1 and sRAGE concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a group of patients with severe major depressive disorder (MDD) (11 males and 14 females) who required treatment with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), and also in a group of 25 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects. HMGB1 and sRAGE concentrations were also measured before and after a course of ECT. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD). RESULTS There was no significant difference in HMGB1 and sRAGE concentrations in the MDD group compared to healthy subjects. Although ECT significantly improved depressive symptoms, there was no significant change in HMGB1 and sRAGE concentrations before and after treatment. There was also no significant correlation between HMGB1 and sRAGE concentrations and the HAMD total score or subitem scores. CONCLUSION There were no changes in HMGB1 and sRAGE in the peripheral blood of severely depressed patients, and concentrations had no relationship with symptoms or ECT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Abe
- Division of Psychiatry and NeuroscienceInstitute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization (NHO) Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer CenterKure, HiroshimaJapan
- Department of PharmacyNational Hospital Organization (NHO) Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer CenterKure, HiroshimaJapan
| | - Mami Okada‐Tsuchioka
- Division of Psychiatry and NeuroscienceInstitute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization (NHO) Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer CenterKure, HiroshimaJapan
| | - Naoto Kajitani
- Division of Psychiatry and NeuroscienceInstitute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization (NHO) Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer CenterKure, HiroshimaJapan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Life SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Wataru Omori
- Division of Psychiatry and NeuroscienceInstitute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization (NHO) Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer CenterKure, HiroshimaJapan
| | - Kei Itagaki
- Division of Psychiatry and NeuroscienceInstitute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization (NHO) Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer CenterKure, HiroshimaJapan
| | - Chiyo Shibasaki
- Division of Psychiatry and NeuroscienceInstitute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization (NHO) Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer CenterKure, HiroshimaJapan
| | - Shuken Boku
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Life SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Tetsuaki Matsuhisa
- Department of PharmacyNational Hospital Organization (NHO) Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer CenterKure, HiroshimaJapan
| | - Minoru Takebayashi
- Division of Psychiatry and NeuroscienceInstitute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization (NHO) Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer CenterKure, HiroshimaJapan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Life SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
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13
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Huang X, Wang B, Yang J, Lian YJ, Yu HZ, Wang YX. HMGB1 in depression: An overview of microglial HMBG1 in the pathogenesis of depression. Brain Behav Immun Health 2023; 30:100641. [PMID: 37288063 PMCID: PMC10242493 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a prevalent psychiatric disorder with elusive pathogenesis. Studies have proposed that enhancement and persistence of aseptic inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS) may be closely associated with the development of depressive disorder. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has obtained significant attention as an evoking and regulating factor in various inflammation-related diseases. It is a non-histone DNA-binding protein that can be released as a pro-inflammatory cytokine by glial cells and neurons in the CNS. Microglia, as the immune cell of the brain, interacts with HMGB1 and induces neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the CNS. Therefore, in the current review, we aim to investigate the role of microglial HMGB1 in the pathogenetic process of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Huang
- Department of Nautical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Nautical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Occupational Disease, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yong-Jie Lian
- Department of Nautical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hong-Zhang Yu
- Department of Nautical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yun-Xia Wang
- Department of Nautical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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14
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Golub A, Ordak M, Nasierowski T, Bujalska-Zadrozny M. Advanced Biomarkers of Hepatotoxicity in Psychiatry: A Narrative Review and Recommendations for New Psychoactive Substances. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119413. [PMID: 37298365 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the factors that increase the effectiveness of the pharmacotherapy used in patients abusing various types of new psychoactive substances (NPSs) is the proper functioning of the liver. However, the articles published to date on NPS hepatotoxicity only address non-specific hepatic parameters. The aim of this manuscript was to review three advanced markers of hepatotoxicity in psychiatry, namely, osteopontin (OPN), high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and glutathione dehydrogenase (GDH, GLDH), and, on this basis, to identify recommendations that should be included in future studies in patients abusing NPSs. This will make it possible to determine whether NPSs do indeed have a hepatotoxic effect or whether other factors, such as additional substances taken or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, are responsible. NPS abusers are at particular risk of HCV infection, and for this reason, it is all the more important to determine what factors actually show a hepatotoxic effect in them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniela Golub
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michal Ordak
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Nasierowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowowiejska 27 Str., 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Bujalska-Zadrozny
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Str., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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15
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Shen P, Sun Y, Jiang X, Zhou X, Nian B, Wang W, Zhang J. Interaction of bioactive kaempferol with HMGB1: Investigation by multi-spectroscopic and molecular simulation methods. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 292:122360. [PMID: 36724682 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chronic and persistent inflammation associated with excessive high mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1) is a risk factor for various diseases. Dietary intake of kaempferol has been proven to be effective in reducing HMGB1 levels and the degree of inflammation, but the structural mechanism remains unclear. In this context, we first investigated the interaction between bioactive kaempferol and HMGB1 using multi-spectroscopic and molecular simulation techniques. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) data indicated that kaempferol binds directly to HMGB1 with a Kd value of 2.89 × 10-5 M. Binding of kaempferol with HMGB1 led to the intrinsic fluorescence quenching and modest secondary structure change of HMGB1 supported by fluorescence spectrometry and circular dichroism (CD). Using dynamic light scattering (DLS), it was found that kaempferol induced the aggregation of HMGB1 protein complex to form larger particles. On HMGB1-activated RAW264.7 cells, kaempferol co-incubation exhibited a remarkable inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) release with an IC50 value of 5.02 μM, which was lower than that of quercetin. In silico, kaempferol binds to HMGB1 mainly through hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic forces. Collectively, our study showed kaempferol as a potential HMGB1 inhibitor, mainly acting by direct binding to HMGB1 and inducing its conformational changes, which provides clues for the treatment of chronic inflammation by kaempferol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yueming Sun
- The Affiliated Baiyun Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou 550025, PR China
| | - Xuewa Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Binbin Nian
- RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52062, Germany
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
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16
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Kropp DR, Hodes GE. Sex differences in depression: An immunological perspective. Brain Res Bull 2023; 196:34-45. [PMID: 36863664 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a heterogenous disorder with symptoms that present differently across individuals. In a subset of people depression is associated with alterations of the immune system that may contribute to disorder onset and symptomology. Women are twice as likely to develop depression and on average have a more sensitive adaptive and innate immune system when compared to men. Sex differences in pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), cell populations, and circulating cytokines play a critical role in inflammation onset. Sex differences in innate and adaptive immunity change the response of and repair to damage caused by dangerous pathogens or molecules in the body. This article reviews the evidence for sex specific immune responses that contribute to the sex differences in symptoms of depression that may account for the higher rate of depression in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawson R Kropp
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Georgia E Hodes
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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17
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Min X, Wang G, Cui Y, Meng P, Hu X, Liu S, Wang Y. Association between inflammatory cytokines and symptoms of major depressive disorder in adults. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1110775. [PMID: 36860860 PMCID: PMC9968963 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1110775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study investigated the association between inflammatory cytokines and major depressive disorder. Methods Plasma biomarkers were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analysis of baseline biomarkers in the major depression disorder (MDD) group and healthy controls (HC) group, and differences in biomarkers before and after treatment. Spearman analysis was performed to correlate baseline and after treatment MDD biomarkers with the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) total scores. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were analyzed for the effect of biomarkers on MDD and HC classification and diagnosis. Results Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were significantly higher in the MDD group than in the HC group, while high mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1) levels were significantly lower in the MDD group. The AUCs for HMGB1, TNF-α, and IL-6 were 0.375, 0.733, and 0.783, respectively, according to the ROC curves. MDD patients with brain-derived neurotrophic factor precursor (proBDNF) levels were positively correlated with total HAMD-17 scores. The levels of proBDNF levels were positively correlated with the total HAMD-17 score in male MDD patients, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and interleukin 18 (IL-18) levels were negatively correlated with the total HAMD-17 score in female MDD patients. Conclusion Inflammatory cytokines are associated with the severity of MDD, and TNF-α and IL-6 have the potential as objective biomarkers to aid in the diagnosis of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Min
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Genwei Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yalian Cui
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Peipei Meng
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaodong Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorders, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China,*Correspondence: Yanfang Wang,
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18
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Wang W, Lin W, Chen G, You Z. History and main research of psychoneuroimmunology in China. Brain Behav Immun Health 2022; 26:100562. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Mao D, Zheng Y, Xu F, Han X, Zhao H. HMGB1 in nervous system diseases: A common biomarker and potential therapeutic target. Front Neurol 2022; 13:1029891. [PMID: 36388178 PMCID: PMC9659947 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1029891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein associated with early inflammatory changes upon extracellular secretion expressed in various cells, including neurons and microglia. With the progress of research, neuroinflammation is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases such as Parkinson's, epilepsy, and autism. As a key promoter of neuroinflammation, HMGB1 is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, stroke, traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, autism, depression, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, in the clinic, HMGB1 has not been described as a biomarker for the above-mentioned diseases. However, the current preclinical research results show that HMGB1 antagonists have positive significance in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, stroke, traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, and other diseases. This review discusses the possible mechanisms by which HMGB1 mediates Parkinson's disease, stroke, traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, autism, depression, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and the potential of HMGB1 as a biomarker for these diseases. Future research needs to further explore the underlying molecular mechanisms and clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Mao
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Fenfen Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongyang Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Hongyang Zhao
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Polydatin Prevents Neuroinflammation and Relieves Depression via Regulating Sirt1/HMGB1/NF-κB Signaling in Mice. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:1393-1404. [PMID: 35986876 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00553-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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21
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Serna-Rodríguez MF, Bernal-Vega S, de la Barquera JAOS, Camacho-Morales A, Pérez-Maya AA. The role of damage associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) and permeability of the blood-brain barrier in depression and neuroinflammation. J Neuroimmunol 2022; 371:577951. [PMID: 35994946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a heterogeneous mental disorder characterized by feelings of sadness and loss of interest that render the subject unable to handle basic daily activities such as sleeping, eating, or working. Neurobiological traits leading to depression include genetic background, early life abuse, life stressors, and systemic and central inflammatory profiles. Several clinical and preclinical reports documented that depression shows an increase in pro-inflammatory markers such as interleukin (IL-)1β, IL-6, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interferon (IFN)-γ; and a decrease in anti-inflammatory IL-4, IL-10, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β species. Inflammatory activation may trigger and maintain depression. Dynamic crosstalk between the peripheral immune system and the central nervous system (CNS) such as activated endothelial cells, monocytes, monocyte-derived dendritic cells, macrophages, T cells, and microglia has been proposed as a leading cause of neuroinflammation. Notably, pro-inflammatory cytokines disrupt the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and serotonergic, noradrenergic, dopaminergic, and glutamatergic neurotransmission. While still under investigation, peripheral cytokines can engage brain pathways and affect the central synthesis of HPA hormones and neurotransmitters through several mechanisms such as activation of the vagus nerve, increasing the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), altered cytokines transport systems, and engaging toll-like receptors (TLRs) by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). However, physiological mechanisms that favor time-dependent central inflammation before or during illness are not totally understood. This review will provide preclinical and clinical evidence of DAMPs and the BBB permeability as contributors to depression and neuroinflammation. We will also discuss pharmacologic approaches that could potentially modulate DAMPs and BBB permeability for future interventions against major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Fernanda Serna-Rodríguez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Monterrey CP. 64460, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Sofía Bernal-Vega
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Monterrey CP. 64460, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | | | - Alberto Camacho-Morales
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Monterrey CP. 64460, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
| | - Antonio Alí Pérez-Maya
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Monterrey CP. 64460, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
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22
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Li JM, Hu T, Jiang CL, Wang W. Pinocembrin ameliorates depressive-like behaviors by regulating P2X7/TRL4 receptors expression in mouse hippocampus. Behav Pharmacol 2022; 33:301-308. [PMID: 35621136 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that immune dysfunction may contribute to the neurobiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) were recently reckoned pivotally to regulate NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) in microglia. Pinocembrin, one of the primary flavonoids from Pinus heartwood and Eucalyptus, has been studied in various animal models of human disease with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Herein, we investigated the potential antineuroinflammatory effects of pinocembrin on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depressive-like behavior. Male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to CUMS for 4 weeks, treatment group was injected with pinocembrin at a dose of 20 mg/kg. After the stress procedure, behavioral tests, including sucrose preference tests (SPTs) and tail suspension tests (TSTs) were performed to evaluate depressive-like phenotype. Subsequently, the expression of cytokines and microglia-related inflammatory biomarkers were assessed. In the study, we found that pinocembrin significantly blocked the declination of SPT percentage and the extension of TST immobility durations in the depression mouse model. Also, we observed that pinocembrin significantly suppressed microglial activation in the hippocampus. Additionally, pinocembrin downregulated hippocampal NLRP3 through P2X7/TLR4 pathway, and also regulated the CUMS-induced imbalance of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6. In conclusion, pinocembrin ameliorates CUMS-induced depressive-like behaviors possibly through downregulating P2X7/TLR4 pathway, providing the mechanism of antidepressant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Mei Li
- Department of Stress Medicine, Faculty of Psychology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Chen DTL, Cheng SW, Chen T, Chang JPC, Hwang BF, Chang HH, Chuang EY, Chen CH, Su KP. Identification of Genetic Variations in the NAD-Related Pathways for Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A Case-Control Study in Taiwan. J Clin Med 2022; 11:3622. [PMID: 35806906 PMCID: PMC9267440 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is an important coenzyme in various physiological processes, including sirtuins (SIRTs) and kynurenine pathway (KP). Previous studies have shown that lower NAD levels can be indicative of increased risks of cancer and psychiatric disorders. However, there has been no prior study exploring the link between NAD homeostasis and psychiatric disorders from a genetic perspective. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association of genetic polymorphism in the pathways of NAD biosynthesis with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: A total of 317 patients were included in the case group and were compared with sex-matched control group of 1268 participants (1:4 ratio) from Taiwan Biobank (TWB). All subjects in the control group were over 65 years old, which is well past the average age of onset of MDD. Genomic DNA extracted from patients' blood buffy coat was analyzed using the Affymetrix TWB array. Full-model tests were conducted for the analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in all candidate genes. We focused on genes within the NAD-related candidate pathways, including 15 in KP, 12 in nicotinate metabolism, 7 in SIRTs, and 19 in aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs). A total of 508 SNPs were analyzed in this study. After significant SNPs were determined, 5000 genome-wide max(T) permutations were performed in Plink. Finally, we built a predictive model with logistic regression and assessed the interactions of SNPs with the haplotype association tests. Results: We found three SNPs that were significantly associated with MDD in our NAD-related candidate pathways, one within the KP (rs12622574 in ACMSD) and two within the nicotinate metabolism (rs28532698 in BST1 and rs3733593 in CD38). The observed association with MDD was significant in the dominant model of inheritance with marital status, education level, and body mass index (BMI) adjusted as covariates. Lastly, in haplotype analysis, the three associated SNPs consisted of one haploblock in ACMSD, four haploblocks in BST1, and two haploblocks in CD38. Conclusions: This study provides the first evidence that genetic variations involved in NAD homeostasis in the KP and nicotinate metabolism may be associated with the occurrence of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Tzu-Li Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (S.-W.C.); (T.C.); (J.P.-C.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Wei Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (S.-W.C.); (T.C.); (J.P.-C.C.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Tiffany Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (S.-W.C.); (T.C.); (J.P.-C.C.)
- College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jane Pei-Chen Chang
- Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (S.-W.C.); (T.C.); (J.P.-C.C.)
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Fang Hwang
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Hen-Hong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, and Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (H.-H.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Eric Y. Chuang
- Master Program for Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Che-Hong Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, and Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (H.-H.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kuan-Pin Su
- Department of Psychiatry and Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; (S.-W.C.); (T.C.); (J.P.-C.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan 709, Taiwan
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Wang S, Guan YG, Zhu YH, Wang MZ. Role of high mobility group box protein 1 in depression: A mechanistic and therapeutic perspective. World J Psychiatry 2022; 12:779-786. [PMID: 35978968 PMCID: PMC9258272 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i6.779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As a common and serious psychiatric disorder, depression significantly affects psychosocial functioning and quality of life. However, the mechanism of depression is still enigmatic and perplexing, which limits its precise and effective therapeutic methods. Recent studies demonstrated that neuroinflammation activation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of depression. In this respect, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) may be a possible signaling inducer of neuroinflammation and can be a potential mechanistic and therapeutic target for depression. Herein, we review recent studies on the mechanistic and therapeutic targets of HMGB1 in depression and propose potential perspectives on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Yu-Guang Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100093, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Epilepsy, Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yan-Hua Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China
| | - Min-Zhong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China
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Jia A, Yang X, Zou B, Li J, Wang Y, Ma R, Li J, Yao Y. Saikosaponins: A Review of Structures and Pharmacological Activities. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221094908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Radix Bupleuri is a traditional medicine widely used in China and other Asian countries. Phytochemistry and pharmacology study reveal that saikosaponins(SSs) are the main bioactive compounds in Radix Bupleuri. SSs are complex compounds composed of triterpene aglycone and carbohydrate part containing 1-13 monosaccharides, which can be divided into seven types based on their structural characteristics. Many different kinds of SSs have been isolated from plants of Bupleurum L. SSs show a variety of biological activities, such as central nervous system protection, liver protection, antivirus, anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, hormone-like effects, and immune regulation functions. Due to their broad activity and favorable safety profile, SSs attract an increasing amount of attention in recent years. In this review, the structures of 86 SSs are summarized based on the different aglycones due to the diverse structures of saikosaponin(SS). The pharmacological effects and related mechanism of SSs are thoroughly reviewed, and perspectives for future research are further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Jia
- School of pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xinhe Yang
- School of pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Bin Zou
- School of pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jia Li
- School of pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yefeng Wang
- School of Public Health & Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Ruixia Ma
- School of pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Juan Li
- School of pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Key Laboratory of Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yao Yao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
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26
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Brown J, Abboud G, Ma L, Choi SC, Kanda N, Zeumer-Spataro L, Lee J, Peng W, Cagmat J, Faludi T, Mohamadzadeh M, Garrett T, Mandik-Nayak L, Chervonsky A, Perl A, Morel L. Microbiota-mediated skewing of tryptophan catabolism modulates CD4+ T cells in lupus-prone mice. iScience 2022; 25:104241. [PMID: 35494242 PMCID: PMC9051618 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A skewed tryptophan metabolism has been reported in patients with lupus. Here, we investigated the mechanisms by which it occurs in lupus-susceptible mice, and how tryptophan metabolites exacerbate T cell activation. Metabolomic analyses demonstrated that tryptophan is differentially catabolized in lupus mice compared to controls and that the microbiota played a role in this skewing. There was no evidence for differential expression of tryptophan catabolic enzymes in lupus mice, further supporting a major contribution of the microbiota to skewing. However, isolated lupus T cells processed tryptophan differently, suggesting a contribution of T cell intrinsic factors. Functionally, tryptophan and its microbial product tryptamine increased T cell metabolism and mTOR activation, while kynurenine promoted interferon gamma production, all of which have been associated with lupus. These results showed that a combination of microbial and T cell intrinsic factors promotes the production of tryptophan metabolites that enhance inflammatory phenotypes in lupus T cells. Intestinal dysbiosis skews tryptophan catabolism in lupus-prone mice Murine lupus CD4+ T cells have an intrinsically different processing of tryptophan Tryptophan and tryptamine increase mTOR activation and metabolism in CD4+ T cells Kynurenine promotes IFNγ production in CD4+ T cells from lupus-prone mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Brown
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Georges Abboud
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Longhuan Ma
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Seung-Chul Choi
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Nathalie Kanda
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Leilani Zeumer-Spataro
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Jean Lee
- Committee on Immunology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Weidan Peng
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, USA
| | - Joy Cagmat
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Tamas Faludi
- Departments of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Mansour Mohamadzadeh
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Timothy Garrett
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | | | | | - Andras Perl
- Departments of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Corresponding author
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27
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Costa-Ferro ZSM, do Prado-Lima PAS, Onsten GA, Oliveira GN, Brito GC, Ghilardi IM, Dos Santos PG, Bertinatto RJ, da Silva DV, Salamoni SD, Machado DC, da Cruz IBM, de Freitas Souza BS, da Costa JC. Bone marrow mononuclear cell transplant prevents rat depression and modulates inflammatory and neurogenic molecules. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2022; 113:110455. [PMID: 34637870 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Major depressive disorder is associated with chronic inflammation and deficient production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMMC) transplantation has an anti-inflammatory effect and has been proven effective in restoring non-depressive behavior. This study investigated whether BMMC transplantation can prevent the development of depression or anxiety in chronic mild stress (CMS), as well as its effect on inflammatory and neurogenic molecules. METHOD Three groups of animals were compared: BMMC-transplanted animals subjected to CMS for 45 days, CMS non-transplanted rats, and control animals. After the CMS period, the three groups underwent the following behavioral tests: sucrose preference test (SPT), eating-related depression test (ERDT), social avoidance test (SAT), social interaction test (SIT), and elevated plus maze test (EPMT). Transplanted cell tracking and measurement of the expression of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor (TNFα), and BDNF were performed on brain and spleen tissues. RESULTS BMMC transplantation prevented the effects of CMS in the SPT, ERDT, SAT, and SIT, while prevention was less pronounced in the EPMT. It was found to prevent increased HMGB-1 expression induced by CMS in the hippocampus and spleen, increase BDNF expression in both tissues, and prevent increased IL-1β expression in the hippocampus alone, while no effect of the transplant was observed in the TNFα expression. In addition, no transplanted cells were found in either the brain or spleen. CONCLUSIONS BMMC transplantation prevents the development of depression and anxiety-like behavior triggered by CMS. It could prevent increased HMGB-1 and IL-1β expression in the hippocampus and increased BDNF expression in the same tissue. Cell treatment represents a further perspective in the research and treatment of depression and possible mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guilherme Ary Onsten
- Brain Institute (BraIns), Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gutierre Neves Oliveira
- Brain Institute (BraIns), Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Camargo Brito
- Brain Institute (BraIns), Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Isadora Machado Ghilardi
- Brain Institute (BraIns), Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Gabrielli Dos Santos
- Brain Institute (BraIns), Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Jean Bertinatto
- Brain Institute (BraIns), Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniele Vieira da Silva
- Brain Institute (BraIns), Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Simone Denise Salamoni
- Brain Institute (BraIns), Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Denise Cantarelli Machado
- Brain Institute (BraIns), Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Solano de Freitas Souza
- Center for Biotechnology and Cell Therapy, São Rafael Hospital, Bahia, Brazil; D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Bahia, Brazil
| | - Jaderson Costa da Costa
- Brain Institute (BraIns), Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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28
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van Rensburg D, Lindeque Z, Harvey BH, Steyn SF. Reviewing the mitochondrial dysfunction paradigm in rodent models as platforms for neuropsychiatric disease research. Mitochondrion 2022; 64:82-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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29
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Jiang Q, Li C, Zeng W, Xu H, Li J, Zhang T, Deng G, Wang Y. Inhibition of Connexin 36 attenuates HMGB1-mediated depressive-like behaviors induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2470. [PMID: 35089644 PMCID: PMC8865165 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) released by neurons and microglia was demonstrated to be an important mediator in depressive-like behaviors induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), which could lead to the imbalance of two different metabolic approaches in kynurenine pathway (KP), thus enhancing glutamate transmission and exacerbating depressive-like behaviors. Evidence showed that HMGB1 signaling might be regulated by Connexin (Cx) 36 in inflammatory diseases of central nervous system (CNS). Our study aimed to further explore the role of Cx36 in depressive-like behaviors and its relationship with HMGB1. METHODS After 4-week chronic stress, behavioral tests were conducted to evaluate depressive-like behaviors, including sucrose preference test (SPT), tail suspension test (TST), forced swimming test (FST), and open field test (OFT). Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining were used to observe the expression and location of Cx36. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was adopted to detect the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines. And the excitability and inward currents of hippocampal neurons were recorded by whole-cell patch clamping. RESULTS The expression of Cx36 was significantly increased in hippocampal neurons of mice exposed to CUMS, while treatment with glycyrrhizinic acid (GZA) or quinine could both down-regulate Cx36 and alleviate depressive-like behaviors. The proinflammatory cytokines like HMGB1, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were all elevated by CUMS, and application of GZA and quinine could decrease them. In addition, the enhanced excitability and inward currents of hippocampal neurons induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) could be reduced by either GZA or quinine. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of Cx36 in hippocampal neurons might attenuates HMGB1-mediated depressive-like behaviors induced by CUMS through down-regulation of the proinflammatory cytokines and reduction of the excitability and intracellular ion overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jiang
- Department of PsychiatryFaculty of PsychologySecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Chao‐Ran Li
- Department of Nautical PsychologyFaculty of PsychologySecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Wen‐Feng Zeng
- Department of Nautical PsychologyFaculty of PsychologySecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Hui‐Jing Xu
- Department of PsychiatryFaculty of PsychologySecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Jia‐Mei Li
- Department of Stress MedicineFaculty of PsychologySecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Nautical PsychologyFaculty of PsychologySecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Guang‐Hui Deng
- Department of PsychiatryFaculty of PsychologySecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Yun‐Xia Wang
- Department of Nautical PsychologyFaculty of PsychologySecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
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Chen L, Jiang H, Bao T, Wang Y, Meng H, Sun Y, Liu P, Quan S, Li W, Qi S, Ren X. Acupuncture Ameliorates Depressive Behaviors by Modulating the Expression of Hippocampal Iba-1 and HMGB1 in Rats Exposed to Chronic Restraint Stress. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:903004. [PMID: 35733802 PMCID: PMC9207245 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.903004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The antidepressant mechanism of acupuncture has not been fully elucidated recently. Thus, the objective of the present study is to investigate the antidepressant mechanism of acupuncture of modulating the neuroinflammation induced by high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) in rats subjected to chronic restraint stress (CRS). Forty-four male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, model, escitalopram, and acupuncture group. Except for rats in the control group, all rats were exposed to CRS for 21 days continuously. Rats in the escitalopram group were subjected to a suspension of escitalopram and saline. One hour before CRS procedures, acupuncture was performed at Baihui (GV20) and Yintang (GV29) for rats in the acupuncture group, 20 min per day for 21 days. All rats in each group were conducted to detect the body weight, sucrose preference test at 0, 7, 14, 21 days to evaluate the depression-like behaviors. The expression of microglial activation and HMGB1 in the hippocampus was detected by immunofluorescence. The expression of hippocampal interleukin-10 (IL-10) was detected by western blot. And the content of serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. CRS-exposed rats showed obviously decreased body weight and sucrose preference when compared with the control group, which was reversed by acupuncture. The results have also shown that acupuncture ameliorated the CRS-induced activation of microglia and HMGB1 in the hippocampus CA1 region. Furthermore, acupuncture reduced the stress-induced upregulation of TNF-α in serum. Collectively, the current study highlights the role of acupuncture in alleviating depressive behavior associated with stress-induced neuroinflammation mediated by HMGB1 in the CRS model of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Huili Jiang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Research Center of Mental and Neurological Disorders, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tuya Bao
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Research Center of Mental and Neurological Disorders, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Meng
- School of Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Sun
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Research Center of Mental and Neurological Disorders, School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Songxiao Quan
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenshan Li
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Simin Qi
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiujun Ren
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Ouyang X, Wang Z, Luo M, Wang M, Liu X, Chen J, Feng J, Jia J, Wang X. Ketamine ameliorates depressive-like behaviors in mice through increasing glucose uptake regulated by the ERK/GLUT3 signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18181. [PMID: 34518608 PMCID: PMC8437933 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97758-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of ketamine on glucose uptake and glucose transporter (GLUT) expression in depressive-like mice. After HA1800 cells were treated with ketamine, 2-[N-(7-Nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)Amino]-2-Deoxyglucose (2-NBDG) was added to the cells to test the effects of ketamine on glucose uptake, production of lactate, and expression levels of GLUT, ERK1/2, AKT, and AMPK. Adult female C57BL/6 mice were subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), 27 CUMS mice were randomly divided into the depression, ketamine (i.p.10 mg/kg), and FR180204 (ERK1/2 inhibitor, i.p.100 mg/kg) + ketamine group. Three mice randomly selected from each group were injected with 18F-FDG at 6 h after treatment. The brain tissue was collected at 6 h after treatment for p-ERK1/2 and GLUTs. Treatment with ketamine significantly increased glucose uptake, extracellular lactic-acid content, expression levels of GLUT3 and p-ERK in astrocytes and glucose uptake in the prefrontal cortex (P < 0.05), and the immobility time was significantly shortened in depressive-like mice (P < 0.01). An ERK1/2 inhibitor significantly inhibited ketamine-induced increases in the glucose uptake in depressive-like mice (P < 0.05), as well as prolonged the immobility time (P < 0.01). The expression levels of p-ERK1/2 and GLUT3 in depressive-like mice were significantly lower than those in normal control mice (P < 0.01). Ketamine treatment in depressive-like mice significantly increased the expression levels of p-ERK1/2 and GLUT3 in the prefrontal cortex (P < 0.01), whereas an ERK1/2 inhibitor significantly inhibited ketamine-induced increases (P < 0.01).Our present findings demonstrate that ketamine mitigated depressive-like behaviors in female mice by activating the ERK/GLUT3 signal pathway, which further increased glucose uptake in the prefrontal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ouyang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25, Taiping Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengjia Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25, Taiping Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25, Taiping Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Maozhou Wang
- Heart Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Captial Medical University, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25, Taiping Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25, Taiping Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - JianGuo Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25, Taiping Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25, Taiping Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25, Taiping Road, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Chen KB, Chang MM, Wang SL, Li YX, Wang YX, Xu ZG, Wang H, Zhao BC, Ma WY. High mobility group box-1 serves a pathogenic role in spinal cord injury via the promotion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 110:1131-1142. [PMID: 34402106 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ma0721-007r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition marked by permanent motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction, in which the inflammatory response serves an important and preventable role. High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a potent regulator of inflammation in numerous acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.; however, the role of HMGB1 in SCI remains unclear. The present study aimed to characterize the temporal dynamics of HMGB1 release after SCI, to investigate the role of spinal microglia activation in mediating the effects of HMGB1 on SCI, and to explore the therapeutic potential of intrathecal anti-HMGB1 polyclonal antibody on alleviating SCI. The present study demonstrated that HMGB1 expression was increased immediately after traumatic injury of a primary spinal neuron culture. It was found that neutralizing HMGB1 significantly ameliorated SCI pathogenesis and hind limb paralysis. Moreover, the levels of a number of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the SCI lesion were reduced when local HMGB1 was blocked by anti-HMGB1 antibody. In addition, the injured neuron-derived conditioned medium increased TNF-α secretion and the NF-κB pathway in the BV2 microglia cell line via HMGB1. Collectively, these results indicated that HMGB1 served an important role in SCI inflammation and suggested the therapeutic potential of an anti-HMGB1 antibody for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Bing Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center for Orthopaedic Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Min-Min Chang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Li Wang
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, P.R. China.,The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Xin Li
- Vascular Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Xi Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Guang Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Center for Orthopaedic Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Bing-Cheng Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Ying Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
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Lu C, Wang C, Xiao H, Chen M, Yang Z, Liang Z, Wang H, Liu Y, Yang Y, Wang Q. Ethyl pyruvate: A newly discovered compound against ischemia-reperfusion injury in multiple organs. Pharmacol Res 2021; 171:105757. [PMID: 34302979 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a process whereby an initial ischemia injury and subsequent recovery of blood flow, which leads to the propagation of an innate immune response and the changes of structural and functional of multiple organs. Therefore, IRI is considered to be a great challenge in clinical treatment such as organ transplantation or coronary angioplasty. In recent years, ethyl pyruvate (EP), a derivative of pyruvate, has received great attention because of its stability and low toxicity. Previous studies have proved that EP has various pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress, anti-apoptosis, and anti-fibrosis. Compelling evidence has indicated EP plays a beneficial role in a variety of acute injury models, such as brain IRI, myocardial IRI, renal IRI, and hepatic IRI. Moreover, EP can not only effectively inhibit multiple IRI-induced pathological processes, but also improve the structural and functional lesion of tissues and organs. In this study, we review the recent progress in the research on EP and discuss their implications for a better understanding of multiple organ IRI, and the prospects of targeting the EP for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Lu
- Department of Paediatrics, Shenmu Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Guangming Road, Shenmu, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Changyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, 10 Fengcheng Three Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Haoxiang Xiao
- Department of Paediatrics, Shenmu Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Guangming Road, Shenmu, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengfan Chen
- Department of Paediatrics, Shenmu Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Guangming Road, Shenmu, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Paediatrics, Shenmu Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Guangming Road, Shenmu, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenxing Liang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe East, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- Department of Paediatrics, Shenmu Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Guangming Road, Shenmu, China
| | - Yonglin Liu
- Department of Paediatrics, Shenmu Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Guangming Road, Shenmu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Paediatrics, Shenmu Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Guangming Road, Shenmu, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Paediatrics, Shenmu Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Guangming Road, Shenmu, China.
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High-mobility group box 1 serves as an inflammation driver of cardiovascular disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111555. [PMID: 33865014 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most deadly disease, which can cause sudden death, in which inflammation is a key factor in its occurrence and development. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a novel nuclear DNA-binding protein that activates innate immunity to induce inflammation in CVD. HMGB1 exists in the cytoplasm and nucleus of different cell types, including those in the heart. By binding to its receptors, HMGB1 triggers a variety of signaling cascades, leading to inflammation and CVD. To help develop HMGB1-targeted therapies, here we discuss HMGB1 and its biological functions, receptors, signaling pathways, and pathophysiology related to inflammation and CVD, including cardiac remodeling, cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathy.
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Predictive Genetic Variations in the Kynurenine Pathway for Interferon-α-Induced Depression in Patients with Hepatitis C Viral Infection. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11030192. [PMID: 33799594 PMCID: PMC7998192 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11030192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance: The high incidence of major depressive episodes during interferon-α (IFN-α) therapy is considered the most powerful supportive evidence for the inflammation theory of depression. As the kynurenine pathway plays an important role connecting inflammation and depression, it is plausible to investigate this pathway for predictive genetic markers for IFN-α-induced depression. Methods: In this prospective case-control study, we assessed 291 patients with chronic hepatitis C viral infection taking IFN-α therapy and analyzed the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes in the kynurenine pathway. Our case group contained patients who developed IFN-α-induced depression during the treatment, and others were defined as the control group. Genomic DNA was extracted from leukocytes in the peripheral blood and analyzed by Affymetrix TWB array. We first tested allelic, dominant, and recessive models on each of our SNPs using Fisher’s exact test. We then conducted 5000 gene-wide max(T) permutations based on the best model of each SNP to provide strong gene-wide family-wise error rate control. Finally, we preformed logistic regression for the significant SNPs acquired in previous procedures, with sex and education level as covariates to build predictive models. Additional haplotype analyses were conducted with Haploview 4.2 to investigate the combining effect of multiple significant SNPs within a gene. Results: With sex and education level as covariates, rs8082252 (p = 0.0015, odds ratio = 2.716), rs8082142 (p = 0.0031, odds ratio = 2.499) in arylformamidase (AFMID), and rs12477181 (p = 0.0004, odds ratio = 0.3478) in kynureninase (KYNU) were significant in logistic regression models with dominant modes of inheritance. Haplotype analyses showed the two significant SNPs in AFMID to be in the same haploblock and highly correlated (r2 = 0.99). There were two significant haplotypes (by the sequence of rs8082252, rs8082142): AT (χ2 = 7.734, p = 0.0054) and GC (χ2 = 6.874, p = 0.0087). Conclusions: This study provided supportive evidence of the involvement of the kynurenine pathway in IFN-α-induced depression. SNPs in this pathway were also predictive of this disease.
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Liu N, Wu Y, Wen X, Li P, Lu F, Shang H. Chronic stress promotes acute myeloid leukemia progression through HMGB1/NLRP3/IL-1β signaling pathway. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:403-414. [PMID: 33409553 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-02011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematologic malignancy with poor prognosis and overall survival. Clinical investigations show that chronic stress is commonly present in the course of AML and associated with adverse outcome. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are elusive. In the present study, a chronic restraint stress mouse model was established to evaluate the effect of stress on AML. We found that mice under chronic stress exhibited significantly increased liver and spleen infiltration of leukemic cells and poorer overall survival. This was accompanied by elevated cellular NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the liver or bone marrow, and secreted IL-1β in the plasma, indicating the activation of inflammasomes under chronic restraint stress. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) expression was markedly increased in newly diagnosed AML patients, but reduced in complete remission AML patients. The expression level of HMGB1 was positively correlated with NLRP3 mRNA in AML patients. Knockdown of HMGB1 significantly decreased NLRP3 and IL-1β expression in AML cell lines, and secreted IL-1β in supernatant of AML cell culture, while HMGB1 stimulation caused contrary effects. These results implied that HMGB1 could be involved in the regulation of inflammasome activation in AML development. Mice model showed that chronic restraint stress-facilitated proliferation and infiltration of AML cells were largely abrogated by knocking down HMGB1. Knockdown of HMGB1 also ameliorated overall survival and remarkably neutralized NLRP3 and IL-1β expression under chronic restraint stress. These findings provide evidences that chronic stress promotes AML progression via HMGB1/NLRP3/IL-1β dependent mechanism, suggesting that HMGB1 is a potential therapeutic target for AML. KEY MESSAGES: • Chronic restraint stress promoted acute myeloid leukemia (AML) progression and mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in xenograft mice. • HMGB1 mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in AML cells. • Knockdown of HMGB1 inhibited AML progression under chronic stress in vivo.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Bone Marrow/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chronic Disease
- Disease Progression
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- HMGB1 Protein/antagonists & inhibitors
- HMGB1 Protein/biosynthesis
- HMGB1 Protein/genetics
- HMGB1 Protein/physiology
- Heterografts
- Humans
- Inflammasomes/metabolism
- Inflammation
- Interleukin-1beta/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-1beta/genetics
- Interleukin-1beta/physiology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/physiopathology
- Liver/metabolism
- Liver/pathology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/biosynthesis
- NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/genetics
- NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/physiology
- Neoplasm Proteins/physiology
- RNA Interference
- Remission Induction
- Restraint, Physical
- Signal Transduction/physiology
- Spleen/metabolism
- Spleen/pathology
- Stress, Physiological
- Toll-Like Receptor 4/physiology
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Xinhua Hospital Chongming Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 202150, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Lu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Hong Shang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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Deng N, Hu J, Hong Y, Ding Y, Xiong Y, Wu Z, Xie W. Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase 1 Deficiency Suppresses Seizures in Epilepsy. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:638854. [PMID: 33679331 PMCID: PMC7935521 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.638854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is the initial and rate-limiting enzyme in the metabolism of tryptophan (TRP) to kynurenine (KYN). IDO1-dependent neurotoxic KYN metabolism plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative disorders. However, the function of IDO1 in epilepsy is still unclear. Objective: In this study, we investigated whether IDO1 deficiency could affect epilepsy in a lithium-pilocarpine-induced model. Methods: Patients with epilepsy and controls were enrolled. Male C57BL/6 mice and IDO1 knockout (KO, IDO1-/-) mice were subjected to intraperitoneal injection of lithium and pilocarpine to induce epilepsy. The levels of IDO1 and concentrations of TRP and KYN in patients with epilepsy and epileptic mice were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), respectively. Then, behavioral phenotypes related to epileptic seizures and neuronal damage were compared between KO and wild-type (WT) mice with lithium-pilocarpine-induced epilepsy. To explore the underlying pathways involved in the effects of IDO1 deficiency, the concentrations of kynurenic acid (KYNA) and quinolinic acid (QUIN), glial cell activation, the levels of major pro-inflammatory cytokines, and antioxidant enzyme activity were measured by LC-MS, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA. Results: In this study, IDO1 levels and the KYN/TRP ratio in the sera and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were increased in patients with epilepsy. Also, IDO1 levels, the KYN/TRP ratio, and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the sera and hippocampi were increased in mice during the acute phase and chronic phase after status epilepticus (SE). Furthermore, IDO1 was localized in microglial cells in epileptic mice. IDO1 deficiency delayed SE onset and attenuated the frequency, duration, and severity of spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRSs). Moreover, IDO1 deficiency improved neuronal survival. Additionally, IDO1-/- epileptic mice showed progressive declines in QUIN production, glial cell activation and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels, and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity. Conclusions: IDO1 deletion suppressed seizures and alleviated neuronal damage by reducing the IDO1-dependent production of neurotoxic metabolites, which finally inhibited glial cell activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production and improved antioxidant enzyme activity. Our study demonstrates that IDO1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of epilepsy and has the potential to be a therapeutic target for epilepsy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Deng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Hu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Hong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuewen Ding
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Xiong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Xie
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Bell RF, Moreira VM, Kalso EA, Yli-Kauhaluoma J. Liquorice for pain? Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2021; 11:20451253211024873. [PMID: 34349979 PMCID: PMC8287643 DOI: 10.1177/20451253211024873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquorice has a long history of use in traditional Chinese, Ayurvedic and herbal medicine. The liquorice plant contains numerous bioactive compounds, including triterpenes, flavonoids and secondary metabolites, with glycyrrhizin being the main active compound. Liquorice constituents have been found to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, anticancer, hepatoprotective and neuroprotective properties. In addition, they appear to have antidepressant actions and effects on morphine tolerance. Glycyrrhizin, its metabolite glycyrrhetic (glycyrrhetinic) acid and other liquorice-derived compounds such as isoflavonoids and trans-chalcones, exert potent anti-inflammatory effects via a wide range of mechanisms including high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) inhibition, gap junction blockade and α2A-adrenoceptor antagonism. These properties, together with an increasing body of preclinical studies and a long history of use in herbal medicine, suggest that liquorice constituents may be useful for pain management. Glycyrrhizin is used widely in the confectionary, food and tobacco industries, but has documented adverse effects that may limit clinical use. Whether liquorice plant-derived compounds represent a novel class of analgesics is yet to be established. Having a host of bioactive compounds with a broad range of mechanisms of effect, liquorice is a plant that, in the future, may give rise to new therapies for pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rae F Bell
- (Emerita) Regional Centre of Excellence in Palliative Care, Haukeland University Hospital, Jonas Lies vei 65, Bergen 5021, Norway
| | - Vânia M Moreira
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Eija A Kalso
- Department of Pharmacology and SleepWell Research Programme, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Yli-Kauhaluoma
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Lu Y, Zhou S, Fan C, Li J, Lian Y, Shang Y, Bi X. Higher inflammation and cerebral white matter injury associated with cognitive deficit in asthmatic patients with depression. J Asthma 2020; 59:288-296. [PMID: 33263457 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2020.1853155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression is a common co-morbidity in asthma, worsening asthma control and impairing quality of life. Previous studies have reported a higher risk of cognitive deficit in depression, yet little research has focused on the level of cognition in asthmatic patients with depression. Evidence shows that inflammation may play an important role in both asthma and depression. Cerebral white matter injury, possibly induced by inflammation, has been associated with depression. This study assesses cognitive function in patients with asthma and a depression comorbidity, compared to patients with asthma only or depression only. METHODS Four groups were studied: Asthma comorbid Depression group (A + D, n = 26), Depression group (D, n = 25), Asthma group (A, n = 33) and Normal controls (N, n = 28). Cognitive function was evaluated using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Inflammatory cytokines were measured, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), high-mobility group box 1(HMGB1) and Netrin-1. Cerebral white matter injury was assessed by serum myelin basic protein (MBP) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), and their correlations with cognitive performance were calculated. RESULTS A + D group showed the highest incidence of cognitive deficit, with the cognitive domain particularly affected. Compared to N group, serum levels of IL-6, HMGB1, Netrin-1, MBP and MOG were significantly elevated in A + D group. MOG level negatively correlated with the MoCA score. CONCLUSION Patients with comorbidities presented with more severe cognitive deficits and higher levels of inflammatory cytokines. Cerebral white matter injury may account for the cognitive deficit in patients and MOG could be a potential biomarker for this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Lu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Shu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Cunxiu Fan
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jiasi Li
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yongjie Lian
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yan Shang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Bi
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
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40
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Xu X, Piao HN, Aosai F, Zeng XY, Cheng JH, Cui YX, Li J, Ma J, Piao HR, Jin X, Piao LX. Arctigenin protects against depression by inhibiting microglial activation and neuroinflammation via HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB and TNF-α/TNFR1/NF-κB pathways. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:5224-5245. [PMID: 32964428 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Arctigenin, a major bioactive component of Fructus arctii, has been reported to have antidepressant-like effects. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects are still unclear. Neuroinflammation can be caused by excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines in microglia via high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)/TLR4/NF-κB and TNF-α/TNFR1/NF-κB signalling pathways, leading to depression. In this study, we have investigated the antidepressant mechanism of arctigenin by conducting in vitro and in vivo studies. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effects of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) on wild-type (WT) and TLR4-/- mice were examined. Antidepressant-like effects of arctigenin were tested using the CUMS-induced model of depression in WT mice. The effects of arctigenin were assessed on the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB and TNF-α/TNFR1/NF-κB signalling pathways in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of mouse brain and HMGB1- or TNF-α-stimulated primary cultured microglia. The interaction between HMGB1 and TLR4 or TNF-α and TNFR1 with or without arctigenin was examined by localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and co-immunoprecipitation assays. KEY RESULTS The immobility times in the tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST) were reduced in TLR4-/- mice, compared with WT mice. Arctigenin exhibited antidepressant-like effects. Arctigenin also inhibited microglia activation and inflammatory responses in the PFC of mouse brain. Arctigenin inhibited HMGB1 and TLR4 or TNF-α and TNFR1 interactions, and suppressed both HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB and TNF-α/TNFR1/NF-κB signalling pathways. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Arctigenin has antidepressant-like effects by attenuating excessive microglial activation and neuroinflammation through the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB and TNF-α/TNFR1/NF-κB signalling pathways. This suggests that arctigenin has potential as a new drug candidate suitable for clinical trials to treat depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Hu-Nan Piao
- Department of Neurology, Affliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Fumie Aosai
- Department of Infection and Host Defense, Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Xiao-Yu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Jia-Hui Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Yue-Xian Cui
- Department of Neurology, Affliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Neurology, Affliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Juan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Hu-Ri Piao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Xuejun Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Lian-Xun Piao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
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Molecular insights into the therapeutic promise of targeting HMGB1 in depression. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 73:31-42. [PMID: 33015736 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00163-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a common psychiatric disorder, the exact pathogenesis of which is still elusive. Studies have proposed that immunity disproportion and enhancement in proinflammatory cytokines might be linked with the development of depression. HMGB1 (High-mobility group box (1) protein has obtained more interest as an essential factor in inherent immune reactions and a regulating factor in various inflammation-related diseases. HMGB1 is a ubiquitous chromatin protein and is constitutively expressed in nucleated mammalian cells. HMGB1 is released by glial cells and neurons upon inflammasome activation and act as a pro-inflammatory cytokine. HMGB1 is a late mediator of inflammation and has been indicated as a major mediator in various neuroinflammatory diseases. Microglia, which is the brain immune cell, is stimulated by HMGB1 and released inflammatory mediators and induces chronic neurodegeneration in the CNS (central nervous system). In the current review, we aimed to investigate the role of HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of depression. The studies found that HMGB1 functions as proinflammatory cytokines primarily via binding receptors like RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end product), TLR2 and TLR4 (Toll-like receptor 2 and 4). Further, HMGB1 added to the preparing impacts of stress-pretreatment and assumed a major function in neurodegenerative conditions through moderating neuroinflammation. Studies demonstrated that neuroinflammation played a major role in the development of depression. The patients of depression generally exhibited an elevated amount of proinflammatory cytokines in the serum, microglia activation and neuronal deficit in the CNS.
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Ieraci A, Beggiato S, Ferraro L, Barbieri SS, Popoli M. Kynurenine pathway is altered in BDNF Val66Met knock-in mice: Effect of physical exercise. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 89:440-450. [PMID: 32726686 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism has been correlated with increased predisposition to develop cognitive and psychiatric disorders, and with a reduced response to some therapeutic treatments. However, the mechanisms underlying these impairments are currently not completely understood. Remarkably, kynurenine pathway alterations have also been implicated in cognitive and psychiatric disorders. Moreover, recent evidence suggests that physical exercise may promote beneficial effects by controlling kynurenine metabolism in the muscle. The aim of the present study was to assess whether the kynurenine pathway was differentially regulated in sedentary and exercising wild-type (BDNFVal/Val) and homozygous knock-in BDNF Val66Met (BDNFMet/Met) mice. We found that plasma and hippocampal levels of kynurenic acid and the hippocampal mRNA levels of IDO1 and KAT2 protein levels were increased in BDNFMet/Met mice and were not modulated by physical exercise. On the contrary, KAT1 protein levels in the gastrocnemius muscle were reduced, whereas MCP1 mRNA in the gastrocnemius muscle and GFAP protein in the hippocampus were increased in BDNFMet/Met mice compared to BDNFVal/Val mice, and reduced by physical exercise. Physical exercise increased plasmatic kynurenine levels only in BDNFMet/Met mice, and protein levels of KAT1 and KAT4 in the gastrocnemius muscle and hippocampus respectively, regardless of the genotype. Finally, we found that physical exercise was able to enhance the hippocampal-dependent memory only in the BDNFVal/Val mice. Overall our results showing an overactivation of the kynurenine pathway in the BDNFMet/Met mice may suggest a possible mechanism underlying the cognitive deficits reported in the BDNF Val66Met carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Ieraci
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology and Functional Neurogenomics - Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Università di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - Sarah Beggiato
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Luca Ferraro
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Popoli
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology and Functional Neurogenomics - Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Università di Milano, Milano, Italy
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The Impact of Chronic Mild Stress and Agomelatine Treatment on the Expression Level and Methylation Status of Genes Involved in Tryptophan Catabolic Pathway in PBMCs and Brain Structures. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11091093. [PMID: 32962062 PMCID: PMC7563711 DOI: 10.3390/genes11091093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is the serious mental disorder. Previous studies suggest that the development mechanism of depression may be associated with disorders of the tryptophan catabolic pathway (TRYCAT). Thus, this study investigates the effect of agomelatine treatment on the expression and methylation status of genes involved in TRYCAT in the brain and blood of rats exposed to a chronic mild stress (CMS). Separate groups of rats were exposed to CMS for two or seven weeks; the second group received vehicle or agomelatine for five weeks. After completion of both stress conditions and treatment, the expression levels of messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein, as well as the methylation status of promoters, were measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and in brain structures with the use of TaqMan Gene Expression Assay, Western blot, and methylation-sensitive high-resolution melting techniques. In PBMCs, Kmo mRNA expression increased in the group after CMS, while this effect was normalized by agomelatine therapy. In brain, KatI and KatII expression changed following CMS exposure. Moreover, CMS decreased the methylation status of the second Tdo2 promoter in the amygdala. Protein expression of Tph1, Tph2, Ido1, and KatII changed in the group after CMS and agomelatine administration, most prominently in the basal ganglia, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala. The results indicate that CMS and agomelatine affect the mRNA and protein expression, as well as the methylation of promoters of genes involved in the tryptophan catabolic pathway.
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Ito N, Sasaki K, Takemoto H, Kobayashi Y, Isoda H, Odaguchi H. Emotional Impairments and Neuroinflammation are Induced in Male Mice Invulnerable to Repeated Social Defeat Stress. Neuroscience 2020; 443:148-163. [PMID: 32707290 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged stress triggers neuroinflammation, which plays a significant role in the development of depression; however, stressed people do not always suffer from depression because of individual differences in stress vulnerability. Negative cognitive bias (NCB) toward pessimistic judgment often underlies depressive episodes. However, a relationship between stress vulnerability, neuroinflammation, and NCB remains elusive. In addition, an animal model with all the traits would be a powerful tool for studying the etiology of depression and its therapeutic approaches. Accordingly, this study evaluated the effect of stress vulnerability on neuroinflammation and depression-related behaviors, including NCB in males, using a modified version of repeated social defeat stress (mRSDS) paradigm, a validated animal model of psychosocial stress. Exposure to mRSDS, consisting of 5 min of social defeat by unfamiliar CD-1 aggressor mice for five consecutive days, caused NCB, which co-occurred with depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors, and neuroinflammation in male BALB/c mice. Treatment with minocycline, an antibiotic with anti-inflammatory property, blocked mRSDS-induced depressive-like behaviors and neuroinflammation, but not NCB, indicating the limited effect of an anti-inflammatory intervention. In addition, marked differences were found in neuroinflammatory profiles and hippocampal gene expression patterns between resilient and unstressed mice, as well as between susceptible and resilient mice. Therefore, mice resilient to mRSDS are indeed not intact. Our findings provide insights into the unique features of the mRSDS model in male BALB/c mice, which could be used to investigate the etiological mechanisms underlying depression as well as bridge the gap in the relationship between stress vulnerability, neuroinflammation, and NCB in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ito
- Department of Clinical Research, Oriental Medicine Research Center, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan.
| | - Kazunori Sasaki
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takemoto
- School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kobayashi
- Department of Clinical Research, Oriental Medicine Research Center, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan; School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan
| | - Hiroko Isoda
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Odaguchi
- Department of Clinical Research, Oriental Medicine Research Center, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8642, Japan
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Anderson G, Carbone A, Mazzoccoli G. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Role in Co-Ordinating SARS-CoV-2 Entry and Symptomatology: Linking Cytotoxicity Changes in COVID-19 and Cancers; Modulation by Racial Discrimination Stress. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E249. [PMID: 32867244 PMCID: PMC7564943 DOI: 10.3390/biology9090249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
There is an under-recognized role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in co-ordinating the entry and pathophysiology of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that underpins the COVID-19 pandemic. The rise in pro-inflammatory cytokines during the 'cytokine storm' induce indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), leading to an increase in kynurenine that activates the AhR, thereby heightening the initial pro-inflammatory cytokine phase and suppressing the endogenous anti-viral response. Such AhR-driven changes underpin the heightened severity and fatality associated with pre-existent high-risk medical conditions, such as type II diabetes, as well as to how racial discrimination stress contributes to the raised severity/fatality in people from the Black Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) communities. The AhR is pivotal in modulating mitochondrial metabolism and co-ordinating specialized, pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), the melatonergic pathways, acetyl-coenzyme A, and the cyclooxygenase (COX) 2-prostaglandin (PG) E2 pathway that underpin 'exhaustion' in the endogenous anti-viral cells, paralleling similar metabolic suppression in cytolytic immune cells that is evident across all cancers. The pro-inflammatory cytokine induced gut permeability/dysbiosis and suppression of pineal melatonin are aspects of the wider pathophysiological underpinnings regulated by the AhR. This has a number of prophylactic and treatment implications for SARS-CoV-2 infection and cancers and future research directions that better investigate the biological underpinnings of social processes and how these may drive health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Anderson
- CRC Scotland & London, Eccleston Square, London SW1V 1PB, UK;
| | - Annalucia Carbone
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, 71013 Foggia, Italy;
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Xu X, Zeng XY, Cui YX, Li YB, Cheng JH, Zhao XD, Xu GH, Ma J, Piao HN, Jin X, Piao LX. Antidepressive Effect of Arctiin by Attenuating Neuroinflammation via HMGB1/TLR4- and TNF-α/TNFR1-Mediated NF-κB Activation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:2214-2230. [PMID: 32609480 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a potential factor in the pathophysiology of depression. A traditional Chinese herbal medicine, arctiin, and its aglycone, arctigenin, are the major bioactive components in Fructus arctii and exhibit neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities. Arctigenin has been reported to have antidepressant-like effects. However, the antidepressant-like effects of arctiin, its precursor, remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the antidepressant-like effects of arctiin and its underlying mechanisms by in vivo and in vitro experiments in mice. Our results showed that arctiin significantly attenuated sucrose consumption and increased the immobility time in tail suspension and forced swimming tests. Arctiin decreased neuronal damage in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of the brain. Arctiin also attenuated the levels of three inflammatory mediators, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and dopamine, that were elevated in the PFC or serum of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-exposed mice. Arctiin reduced excessive activation of microglia and neuroinflammation by reducing high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)/toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)- and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)/TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1)-mediated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation in the PFC of CUMS-exposed mice and HMGB1- or TNF-α-stimulated primary cultured microglia. These findings demonstrate that arctiin ameliorates depression by inhibiting the activation of microglia and inflammation via the HMGB1/TLR4 and TNF-α/TNFR1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Yue-Xian Cui
- Department of Neurology, Affliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, Jilin, China
| | - Ying-Biao Li
- Department of Neurology, Affliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, Jilin, China
| | - Jia-Hui Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Xu-Dong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Guang-Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Juan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Hu-Nan Piao
- Department of Neurology, Affliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, Jilin, China
| | - Xuejun Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Lian-Xun Piao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin, China
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Wang B, Huang X, Pan X, Zhang T, Hou C, Su WJ, Liu LL, Li JM, Wang YX. Minocycline prevents the depressive-like behavior through inhibiting the release of HMGB1 from microglia and neurons. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 88:132-143. [PMID: 32553784 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous study reports the causal role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in the development of depression; and we find glycyrrhizic acid (GZA) can be a potential treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) considering its inhibition of HMGB1 activity. This study aims to further explore the exact cell types that release HMGB1 in the hippocampus. METHODS We detected the effects of microglia conditioned medium on primary astrocytes and neurons. The effects of minocycline on depressive-like behaviors were tested in BABLB/c mice after four weeks of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) exposure. Furthermore, the immunofluorescence (IF) assays, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and TUNEL staining were used to observe hippocampal slices to evaluate the release of HMGB1. The cytoplasmic translocations of HMGB1 protein were assayed by western-blot. RESULTS Exposure to CUMS caused an active release of HMGB1 from microglia and neurons in the hippocampus. After minocycline administration for inhibiting the activation of microglia, both microglia and neurons reduced the release of HMGB1 and the protein level of central and peripheral HMGB1 recovered accordingly. Along with blocking the release of HMGB1, behavioral and cognitive deficits induced by CUMS were improved significantly by minocycline. In addition, the supernatant of primary microglia stimulated the secretion of HMGB1 in primary neurons, not in astrocytes, at 24 h after 4 h-LPS treatment. CONCLUSION All the evidence supported our hypotheses that microglia and neurons are the main cell sources of HMGB1 release under CUMS condition, and that the release of HMGB1 by microglia may play an important role in the development of depressive-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Nautical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Stress Medicine, Faculty of Psychology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Medicine, The Unit 31641 of PLA, Xishuangbanna 666100, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, South Campus, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 201112, China
| | - Xiao Pan
- Department of Medical Psychology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Nautical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Cheng Hou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wen-Jun Su
- Department of Stress Medicine, Faculty of Psychology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lin-Lin Liu
- Department of Stress Medicine, Faculty of Psychology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jia-Mei Li
- Department of Stress Medicine, Faculty of Psychology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yun-Xia Wang
- Department of Nautical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Medical Psychology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
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Kelley KW, Peng YP, Liu Q, Chang HC, Spencer SJ, Hutchinson MR, Shimada A. Psychoneuroimmunology goes East: Development of the PNIRS China affiliate and its expansion into PNIRS Asia-Pacific. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 88:75-87. [PMID: 32304882 PMCID: PMC7156953 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Psychoneuroimmunology Research Society (PNIRS) created an official Chinese regional affiliate in 2012, designated PNIRSChina. Now, just eight years later, the program has been so successful in advancing the science of psychoneuroimmunology that it has expanded to the whole of Asia-Oceania. In 2017, PNIRSChina became PNIRSAsia-Pacific. Between 2012 and 2019, this outreach affiliate of PNIRS organized seven symposia at major scientific meetings in China as well as nine others in Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, Australia and New Zealand. This paper summarizes the remarkable growth of PNIRSAsia-Pacific. Here, regional experts who have been instrumental in organizing these PNIRSAsia-Pacific symposia briefly review and share their views about the past, present and future state of psychoneuroimmunology research in China, Taiwan, Australia and Japan. The newest initiative of PNIRSAsia-Pacific is connecting Asia-Pacific laboratories with those in Western countries through a simple web-based registration system. These efforts not only contribute to the efforts of PNIRS to serve a truly global scientific society but also to answer the imperative call of increasing diversity in our science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith W Kelley
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Department of Animal Sciences, College of ACES, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 212 Edward R. Madigan Laboratory, 1201 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Yu-Ping Peng
- Department of Physiology and Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Quentin Liu
- Dalian Medical University, Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center Room 317, 9 Lvshun Road South, Dalian 116000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Chih Chang
- Mind-Body Interface Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sarah J Spencer
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark R Hutchinson
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia and the ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics
| | - Atsuyoshi Shimada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku, Mitaka, 181-8612 Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
Purpose of Review A better understanding of the key molecules/pathways underlying the pathophysiology of depression and schizophrenia may contribute to novel therapeutic strategies. In this review, we have discussed the recent developments on the role of inflammatory pathways in the pathogenesis of depression and schizophrenia. Recent Findings Inflammation is an innate immune response that can be triggered by various factors, including pathogens, stress and injury. Under normal conditions, the inflammatory responses quiet after pathogen clearance and tissue repair. However, abnormal long-term or chronic inflammation can lead to damaging effects. Accumulating evidence suggest that dysregulated inflammation is linked to the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders. In this review, we have discussed the roles of complement system, infiltration of peripheral immune cells into the central nervous system (CNS), the gut-brain axis, and the kynurenine pathway in depression and schizophrenia. Summary There is a large body of compelling evidence on the role of inflammatory pathways in depression and schizophrenia. Although most of these findings show their roles in the pathophysiology of the above disorders, additional studies are warranted to investigate the therapeutic potential of various immune signaling targets discussed in this article.
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Pearson-Leary J, Eacret D, Bhatnagar S. Interleukin-1α in the ventral hippocampus increases stress vulnerability and inflammation-related processes. Stress 2020; 23:308-317. [PMID: 31559913 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2019.1673360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms of stress vulnerability remain elusive. Previous research demonstrated that inflammation-related processes in the brain play a role in stress vulnerability. Our previous research showed that inflammatory processes in the ventral hippocampus (vHPC) induced a stress vulnerable phenotype. To further understand neuroinflammatory processes in the vHPC in stressed rats, we determined that protein levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1-α (IL-1α), but not interleukin-1β (IL-1β), were increased in the vHPC of rats vulnerable to the effects of repeated social defeat compared to rats resilient to its effects. Injections of IL-1α into the vHPC increased stress vulnerability as characterized by increases in passive coping during defeat and subsequent decreased social interactions. Conversely, injections of recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL1-RA) increased latencies to social defeat and decreased anxiety-like behaviors during social interaction, suggesting an reduction in stress vulnerability. Protein analyses revealed increased FosB expression in the vHPC of IL-1α-injected rats, and increased HPA activation following a social encounter. Further analysis of vHPC of IL1-α-injected rats showed increased density of microglia, increased expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine HMGB1, and increases in a marker for vascular remodeling. Taken together, these data show increasing IL-1α during stress exposure is sufficient to produce a stress vulnerable phenotype potentially by increasing inflammation-related processes in the vHPC.LAY SUMMARYOur previous research demonstrated that inflammation-related processes in the brain play a role in inducing vulnerability to the effects of repeated social stress in rats. Here we demonstrate that a pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1-α (IL-1α) induces inflammatory processes in the vHPC and behavioral vulnerability in stressed rats, whereas blocking IL receptors produces the opposite effects on behavioral vulnerability. Together, these results identify a substrate in the vHPC that produces vulnerability to stress by increasing inflammation-related processes in the vHPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiah Pearson-Leary
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Darrell Eacret
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Seema Bhatnagar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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