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Yadav JP, Verma A, Pathak P, Dwivedi AR, Singh AK, Kumar P, Khalilullah H, Jaremko M, Emwas AH, Patel DK. Phytoconstituents as modulators of NF-κB signalling: Investigating therapeutic potential for diabetic wound healing. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117058. [PMID: 38968797 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The NF-κB pathway plays a pivotal role in impeding the diabetic wound healing process, contributing to prolonged inflammation, diminished angiogenesis, and reduced proliferation. In contrast to modern synthetic therapies, naturally occurring phytoconstituents are well-studied inhibitors of the NF-κB pathway that are now attracting increased attention in the context of diabetic wound healing because of lower toxicity, better safety and efficacy, and cost-effectiveness. This study explores recent research on phytoconstituent-based therapies and delve into their action mechanisms targeting the NF-κB pathway and potential for assisting effective healing of diabetic wounds. For this purpose, we have carried out surveys of recent literature and analyzed studies from prominent databases such as Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and Web of Science. The classification of phytoconstituents into various categorie such as: alkaloids, triterpenoids, phenolics, polyphenols, flavonoids, monoterpene glycosides, naphthoquinones and tocopherols. Noteworthy phytoconstituents, including Neferine, Plumbagin, Boswellic acid, Genistein, Luteolin, Kirenol, Rutin, Vicenin-2, Gamma-tocopherol, Icariin, Resveratrol, Mangiferin, Betulinic acid, Berberine, Syringic acid, Gallocatechin, Curcumin, Loureirin-A, Loureirin-B, Lupeol, Paeoniflorin, and Puerarin emerge from these studies as promising agents for diabetic wound healing through the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway. Extensive research on various phytoconstituents has revealed how they modulate signalling pathways, including NF-κB, studies that demonstrate the potential for development of therapeutic phytoconstituents to assist healing of chronic diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagat Pal Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, India; Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rama University, Kanpur 209217, India; Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, India.
| | - Amita Verma
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, India
| | - Prateek Pathak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Quality Assurance and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, GITAM School of Pharmacy, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Hyderabad Campus, 502329, India
| | - Ashish R Dwivedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Quality Assurance and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, GITAM School of Pharmacy, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Hyderabad Campus, 502329, India
| | - Ankit Kumar Singh
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Habibullah Khalilullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unayzah 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, India.
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2
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Scarpa ES, Antonelli A, Balercia G, Sabatelli S, Maggi F, Caprioli G, Giacchetti G, Micucci M. Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Diabetic, and Pro-Osteogenic Activities of Polyphenols for the Treatment of Two Different Chronic Diseases: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Osteoporosis. Biomolecules 2024; 14:836. [PMID: 39062550 PMCID: PMC11275061 DOI: 10.3390/biom14070836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are natural bioactives occurring in medicinal and aromatic plants and food and beverages of plant origin. Compared with conventional therapies, plant-derived phytochemicals are more affordable and accessible and have no toxic side effects. Thus, pharmaceutical research is increasingly inclined to discover and study new and innovative natural molecules for the treatment of several chronic human diseases, like type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and osteoporosis. These pathological conditions are characterized by a chronic inflammatory state and persistent oxidative stress, which are interconnected and lead to the development and worsening of these two health disorders. Oral nano delivery strategies have been used to improve the bioavailability of polyphenols and to allow these natural molecules to exert their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and pro-osteogenic biological activities in in vivo experimental models and in patients. Polyphenols are commonly used in the formulations of nutraceuticals, which can counteract the detrimental effects of T2DM and osteoporosis pathologies. This review describes the polyphenols that can exert protective effects against T2DM and osteoporosis through the modulation of specific molecular markers and pathways. These bioactives could be used as adjuvants, in combination with synthetic drugs, in the future to develop innovative therapeutic strategies for the treatment of T2DM and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonella Antonelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (A.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Giancarlo Balercia
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Sofia Sabatelli
- Clinic of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (S.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Filippo Maggi
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (CHIP) Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (F.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Giovanni Caprioli
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project (CHIP) Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (F.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Gilberta Giacchetti
- Clinic of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (S.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Matteo Micucci
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (A.A.); (M.M.)
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3
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Ioannou P, Baliou S. The Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential of Cranberry, D-Mannose, and Flavonoids against Infectious Diseases: The Example of Urinary Tract Infections. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:593. [PMID: 39061275 PMCID: PMC11273536 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13070593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of infectious diseases typically includes the administration of anti-infectives; however, the increasing rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) have led to attempts to develop other modalities, such as antimicrobial peptides, nanotechnology, bacteriophages, and natural products. Natural products offer a viable alternative due to their potential affordability, ease of access, and diverse biological activities. Flavonoids, a class of natural polyphenols, demonstrate broad anti-infective properties against viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Their mechanisms of action include disruption of microbial membranes, inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis, and interference with bacterial enzymes. This review explores the potential of natural compounds, such as flavonoids, as an alternative therapeutic approach to combat infectious diseases. Moreover, it discusses some commonly used natural products, such as cranberry and D-mannose, to manage urinary tract infections (UTIs). Cranberry products and D-mannose both, yet differently, inhibit the adhesion of uropathogenic bacteria to the urothelium, thus reducing the likelihood of UTI occurrence. Some studies, with methodological limitations and small patient samples, provide some encouraging results suggesting the use of these substances in the prevention of recurrent UTIs. While further research is needed to determine optimal dosages, bioavailability, and potential side effects, natural compounds hold promise as a complementary or alternative therapeutic strategy in the fight against infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Ioannou
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
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Aryal D, Joshi S, Thapa NK, Chaudhary P, Basaula S, Joshi U, Bhandari D, Rogers HM, Bhattarai S, Sharma KR, Regmi BP, Parajuli N. Dietary phenolic compounds as promising therapeutic agents for diabetes and its complications: A comprehensive review. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:3025-3045. [PMID: 38726403 PMCID: PMC11077226 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the middle of an ever-changing landscape of diabetes care, precision medicine, and lifestyle therapies are becoming increasingly important. Dietary polyphenols are like hidden allies found in our everyday meals. These biomolecules, found commonly in fruits, vegetables, and various plant-based sources, hold revolutionary potential within their molecular structure in the way we approach diabetes and its intimidating consequences. There are currently numerous types of diabetes medications, but they are not appropriate for all patients due to limitations in dosages, side effects, drug resistance, a lack of efficacy, and ethnicity. Currently, there has been increased interest in practicing herbal remedies to manage diabetes and its related complications. This article aims to summarize the potential of dietary polyphenols as a foundation in the treatment of diabetes and its associated consequences. We found that most polyphenols inhibit enzymes linked to diabetes. This review outlines the potential benefits of selected molecules, including kaempferol, catechins, rosmarinic acid, apigenin, chlorogenic acid, and caffeic acid, in managing diabetes mellitus as these compounds have exhibited promising results in in vitro, in vivo, in silico, and some preclinical trials study. This encompassing exploration reveals the multifaceted impact of polyphenols not only in mitigating diabetes but also in addressing associated conditions like inflammation, obesity, and even cancer. Their mechanisms involve antioxidant functions, immune modulation, and proinflammatory enzyme regulation. Furthermore, these molecules exhibit anti-tumor activities, influence cellular pathways, and activate AMPK pathways, offering a less toxic, cost-effective, and sustainable approach to addressing diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipa Aryal
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Soniya Joshi
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Nabin Kumar Thapa
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Pratiksha Chaudhary
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Sirjana Basaula
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Usha Joshi
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Damodar Bhandari
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Hannah M. Rogers
- Department of ChemistryFlorida Agricultural and Mechanical UniversityTallahasseeFloridaUSA
| | | | - Khaga Raj Sharma
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Bishnu P. Regmi
- Department of ChemistryFlorida Agricultural and Mechanical UniversityTallahasseeFloridaUSA
| | - Niranjan Parajuli
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
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El-Mouty Raslan MA, Kassem IAA, Ghaly NS, El-Manawaty MA, Melek FR, Nabil M. Aloe juvenna Brandham & S.Carter as α-Amylase Inhibitor and Hypoglycaemic Agent with Anti-inflammatory Properties for Diabetes Management. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400245. [PMID: 38436134 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Despite Aloe's traditional use, Aloe juvenna Brandham & S.Carter is poorly characterized. Other Aloes are known for their antidiabetic activity. This study describes the antidiabetic potentials and phytoconstituents of the A. juvenna leaves methanolic extract (AJME). Twenty-six phytoconstituents of AJME were described using HPLC/MS-MS. Lupeol and vitexin were isolated using column chromatography. The antidiabetic activity of AJME was investigated using an in vivo high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model and in vitro α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activity assays. AJME demonstrated its α-amylase inhibitory activity (IC50=313±39.9 ppm) with no effect on α-glucosidase. In vivo, AJME dose-dependently improved hyperglycaemia in a high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. Notably, the higher dose (1600 mg/kg) of AJME significantly downregulated serum interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and matrix metalloproteinase-1 genes, suggesting its anti-inflammatory effect. These findings indicate AJME's potential as a significant antidiabetic agent through its α-amylase inhibition, hypoglycaemic, and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Abd El-Mouty Raslan
- Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Iman AbdelKhalek AbdelKhalek Kassem
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Neveen Sabry Ghaly
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - May Aly El-Manawaty
- Drug Bioassay-Cell Culture Laboratory, Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Farouk Rasmy Melek
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marian Nabil
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
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6
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Kim TH. Ginsenosides for the treatment of insulin resistance and diabetes: Therapeutic perspectives and mechanistic insights. J Ginseng Res 2024; 48:276-285. [PMID: 38707641 PMCID: PMC11068994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a systemic disorder of energy metabolism characterized by a sustained elevation of blood glucose in conjunction with impaired insulin action in multiple peripheral tissues (i.e., insulin resistance). Although extensive research has been conducted to identify therapeutic targets for the treatment of DM, its global prevalence and associated mortailty rates are still increasing, possibly because of challenges related to long-term adherence, limited efficacy, and undesirable side effects of currently available medications, implying an urgent need to develop effective and safe pharmacotherapies for DM. Phytochemicals have recently drawn attention as novel pharmacotherapies for DM based on their clinical relevance, therapeutic efficacy, and safety. Ginsenosides, pharmacologically active ingredients primarily found in ginseng, have long been used as adjuvants to traditional medications in Asian countries and have been reported to exert promising therapeutic efficacy in various metabolic diseases, including hyperglycemia and diabetes. This review summarizes the current pharmacological effects of ginsenosides and their mechanistic insights for the treatment of insulin resistance and DM, providing comprehensive perspectives for the development of novel strategies to treat DM and related metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hyun Kim
- Drug Information Research Institute, Muscle Physiome Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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7
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Hossain A, Rahman ME, Faruqe MO, Saif A, Suhi S, Zaman R, Hirad AH, Matin MN, Rabbee MF, Baek KH. Characterization of Plant-Derived Natural Inhibitors of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 as Potential Antidiabetic Agents: A Computational Study. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:483. [PMID: 38675143 PMCID: PMC11053753 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes, characterized by elevated blood sugar levels, poses significant health and economic risks, correlating with complications like cardiovascular disease, kidney failure, and blindness. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), also referred to as T-cell activation antigen CD26 (EC 3.4.14.5.), plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism and immune function. Inhibiting DPP-4 was anticipated as a potential new therapy for diabetes. Therefore, identification of plant-based natural inhibitors of DPP-4 would help in eradicating diabetes worldwide. Here, for the identification of the potential natural inhibitors of DPP-4, we developed a phytochemicals library consisting of over 6000 phytochemicals detected in 81 medicinal plants that exhibited anti-diabetic potency. The library has been docked against the target proteins, where isorhamnetin, Benzyl 5-Amino-5-deoxy-2,3-O-isopropyl-alpha-D-mannofuranoside (DTXSID90724586), and 5-Oxo-7-[4-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl]-4H,6H,7H-[1,2]thiazolo[4,5-b]pyridine 3-carboxylic acid (CHEMBL3446108) showed binding affinities of -8.5, -8.3, and -8.3 kcal/mol, respectively. These compounds exhibiting strong interactions with DPP-4 active sites (Glu205, Glu206, Tyr547, Trp629, Ser630, Tyr662, His740) were identified. ADME/T and bioactivity predictions affirmed their pharmacological safety. Density functional theory calculations assessed stability and reactivity, while molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated persistent stability. Analyzing parameters like RMSD, RG, RMSF, SASA, H-bonds, MM-PBSA, and FEL confirmed stable protein-ligand compound formation. Principal component analysis provided structural variation insights. Our findings suggest that those compounds might be possible candidates for developing novel inhibitors targeting DPP-4 for treating diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alomgir Hossain
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; (A.H.); (M.E.R.); (R.Z.); (M.N.M.)
| | - Md Ekhtiar Rahman
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; (A.H.); (M.E.R.); (R.Z.); (M.N.M.)
| | - Md Omar Faruqe
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh;
| | - Ahmed Saif
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh;
| | - Suzzada Suhi
- Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh;
| | - Rashed Zaman
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; (A.H.); (M.E.R.); (R.Z.); (M.N.M.)
| | - Abdurahman Hajinur Hirad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Nurul Matin
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; (A.H.); (M.E.R.); (R.Z.); (M.N.M.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Fazle Rabbee
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
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Wadaan MA, Baabbad A, Farooq Khan M. Assessment of antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer activity competence of methonolic extracts of Trianthema ortulacastrum and Andrographis paniculata. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 242:117764. [PMID: 38029820 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
An in-vitro investigation was performed to evaluate and compare the phytochemical, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-lung cancer activities of methanol extracts of aerial parts of Andrographis paniculata and Trianthema portulacastrum. Furthermore studied major functional groups of phytochemicals present in the methanol extracts of these plants through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The results showed that the methanol extract of A. paniculata contain more number of pharmaceutically valuable phytochemicals such as alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponin, glycoside, phytosterol, and tannin than T. portulacastrum. Similar way the methanol extract of A. paniculata showed considerable dose dependent antioxidant (DPPH: 63%), antidiabetic (α-amylase: 82.31% and α-glucosidase inhibitions: 72.34%), and anti-inflammatory (albumin-denaturation inhibition: 76.3% and anti-lipoxygenase: 61.2%) activities (at 900 μg mL-1 concentration) than T. portulacastrum. However, the anti-lung cancer activities of these test plants against A549 cells were not considerable. According to FTIR analysis, the A. paniculata methanol extract has a larger number of characteristic peaks attributed to the active functional groups of pharmaceutically valuable bioactive components that belong to different types of phytochemicals. These findings imply that A. paniculata methanol extracts can be used for additional research, such as bioactive compound screening and purification, as well as assessing their potential biomedical uses in various in-vitro and in-research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ahmad Wadaan
- Bio-Products Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Almohannad Baabbad
- Bio-Products Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Farooq Khan
- Bio-Products Research Chair, Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Chala D, Sabadashka M, Morozovych A, Krychowiak-Maśnicka M, Królicka A, Sybirna N. Immunomodulatory and antibacterial effect of red wine concentrate rich in a natural complex of polyphenols under diabetes mellitus. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116023. [PMID: 38104417 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in immunocompetent cells influence the course of diabetes mellitus and contribute to its complications. Thus, correction of diabetes-induced immune system disorders is vital for normalizing the state of the organism. Red wine polyphenols due to their biological activities could be considered a potential remedy for correcting diabetes. The study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial potential and the influence of red wine polyphenols on immune system in streptozotocin-induced diabetes. We studied immunological parameters, i.e. quantity of white blood cells in peripheral blood and peritoneal macrophages, the bactericidal activity of phagocytes of blood, the activity of myeloperoxidase, and the level of cationic proteins in these cells after the administration of the polyphenol-rich red wine concentrate (PC concentrate) of known composition, obtained from Ukrainian wine, for 14th day to rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. The Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of the PC concentrate was determined with the Broth Microdilution method. The PC concentrate normalized the quantity and functional activity of peripheral blood neutrophils and peritoneal macrophages, and decreased the quantity of lymphocytes under diabetes, as well as possessed the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Our results indicate the significant biological potential of the PC concentrate and its therapeutic relevance to correct diabetes-induced disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariya Chala
- Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Hrushevskogo 4, Lviv 79005, Ukraine.
| | - Mariya Sabadashka
- Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Hrushevskogo 4, Lviv 79005, Ukraine
| | | | - Marta Krychowiak-Maśnicka
- University of Gdansk, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology UG & MUG, Laboratory of Biologically Active Compounds, Abrahama 58, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Królicka
- University of Gdansk, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology UG & MUG, Laboratory of Biologically Active Compounds, Abrahama 58, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Nataliia Sybirna
- Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Hrushevskogo 4, Lviv 79005, Ukraine
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10
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Naidoo K, Khathi A. The Potential Role of Gossypetin in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Complications: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17609. [PMID: 38139436 PMCID: PMC10743819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder caused by insulin resistance and dysfunctional beta (β)-cells in the pancreas. Hyperglycaemia is a characteristic of uncontrolled diabetes which eventually leads to fatal organ system damage. In T2DM, free radicals are continuously produced, causing extensive tissue damage and subsequent macro-and microvascular complications. The standard approach to managing T2DM is pharmacological treatment with anti-diabetic medications. However, patients' adherence to treatment is frequently decreased by the side effects and expense of medications, which has a detrimental impact on their health outcomes. Quercetin, a flavonoid, is a one of the most potent anti-oxidants which ameliorates T2DM. Thus, there is an increased demand to investigate quercetin and its derivatives, as it is hypothesised that similar structured compounds may exhibit similar biological activity. Gossypetin is a hexahydroxylated flavonoid found in the calyx of Hibiscus sabdariffa. Gossypetin has a similar chemical structure to quercetin with an extra hydroxyl group. Furthermore, previous literature has elucidated that gossypetin exhibits neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, reproprotective and nephroprotective properties. The mechanisms underlying gossypetin's therapeutic potential have been linked to its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Hence, this review highlights the potential role of gossypetin in the treatment of diabetes and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andile Khathi
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa;
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Behera B, Meher RK, Mir SA, Nayak B, Satapathy KB. Phytochemical profiling, in vitro analysis for anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory activities, structural elucidation and in silico evaluation of potential selective COX-2 and TNF-α inhibitor from Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-15. [PMID: 38018914 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2283871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle is a perennial aquatic plant, which exhibits nutritional as well as therapeutic properties. The present study has been carried out to evaluate anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities along with in silico evaluation of potential selective COX-2 and TNF-α inhibitors from methanolic extract of H. verticillata (L.f.) Royle. The potential therapeutic compounds have been identified by high-resolution GC-MS analysis. Its capacity to inhibit inflammatory responses using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells has been explored. The anti-inflammatory properties of the plant extract were investigated by inhibiting inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase and reduced NO generation driven by LPS on stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Further investigation for the underlying molecular mechanism of the anti-inflammatory activity of plant extract has been carried out by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation approaches with COX-2 and TNF-α inhibitors ability against the most potent phytocompound phytol from the plant extract. To evaluate whether the extract causes any toxicity, the cytotoxicity test has been carried out with the Human embryonic kidney cell line (Hek-293), Mouse fibroblast (L929), human mesenchyme stem cells (hMSCs) and human breast epithelial cell line (MCF-10a). Ultimately, our findings suggest that the plant extract have great potential to reduce inflammation without causing any toxicity to normal cell.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagyeswari Behera
- Department of Botany, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Meher
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Odisha, India
| | - Showkat Ahmad Mir
- School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Odisha, India
| | - Binata Nayak
- School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Odisha, India
| | - Kunja Bihari Satapathy
- Department of Botany, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India
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12
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Uçar K, Göktaş Z. Biological activities of naringenin: A narrative review based on in vitro and in vivo studies. Nutr Res 2023; 119:43-55. [PMID: 37738874 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Naringenin (4',5,7-trihydroxyflavonone) is a phytochemical mainly found in citrus fruits. It is a promising phytochemical for human health because of its beneficial effects. This review aims to present comprehensive information on naringenin biological activities along with its action mechanisms and explain the pharmacokinetic properties of naringenin. This study involves a comprehensive literature review of in vitro and in vivo studies examining the effects of naringenin. Naringenin has antidiabetic, anticancer, antimicrobial, antiobesity, gastroprotective, immunomodulator, cardioprotective, nephroprotective, and neuroprotective properties. These properties are primarily attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The most important antioxidant activities of naringenin including free radical scavenging and preventing lipid peroxidation. Naringenin can increase the concentration of antioxidant enzymes and inhibit metal chelation and various pro-oxidant enzymes. Anti-inflammatory activities of naringenin are associated with decreased mitogen-activated protein kinase activities and nuclear factor kappa B by modulating the expression and release of proinflammatory cytokine and enzymes. In vitro and in vivo studies show that naringenin has promising biological activities for a variety of diseases. More research must be conducted on the bioactivities of naringenin, and to determine its optimum dose. In addition, the efficiency of naringenin must be examined with enhanced bioavailability methods to be able to increase its therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kübra Uçar
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Zeynep Göktaş
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye.
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13
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Zhao R, Li N, Liu W, Liu Q, Zhang L, Peng X, Zhao R, Hu H. Low glycemic index potato biscuits alleviate physio-histological damage and gut dysbiosis in rats with type-2 diabetes mellitus induced by high-sugar and high-fat diet and streptozotocin. J Nutr Biochem 2023:109401. [PMID: 37276891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common type of diabetes globally and poses a major concern for human health. This study aimed to investigate the effects on T2DM of low-glycemic index (GI) potato biscuits with oat bran and inulin as functional additives. T2DM was induced in rats by streptozotocin (STZ) and a high-sugar and high-fat diet. The alleviation of T2DM by low-GI potato biscuits at different doses was evaluated based on the analysis of glycolipid levels, histological observations, inflammatory markers and gut microbiota structure. Compared to wheat biscuits, low-GI potato biscuits resulted in lower postprandial blood glucose levels. After eight weeks of intervention, fasting blood sugar levels were 16.9% lower in T2DM rats fed high-dose low-GI potato biscuits than in untreated T2DM rats. Moreover, the intervention with low-GI potato biscuits significantly alleviated T2DM-induced pathological damage, glucose and lipid metabolic disorders, and inflammation by reversing the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, transforming growth factor-β, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α. Moreover, the levels of short-chain fatty acids and gut microbiota structure in T2DM rats were significantly reversed. The abundance of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Bifidobacterium, Lachnoclostridium, Roseburia) in the gut of T2DM rats was significantly increased whereas the abundance of Escherichia-Shigella and Desulfovibrio decreased. The present study revealed that low-GI potato biscuits alleviated damages caused by high-sugar and high-fat diet- and STZ-induced T2DM in rats, as well as reversed disturbances in the gut microbiota. Thus, low-GI potato biscuits are potentially beneficial to T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Zhao
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Nan Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Qiannan Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Xingyun Peng
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Ruixuan Zhao
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, P.R. China.
| | - Honghai Hu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Comprehensive Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, P.R. China.
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14
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Xia W, Liu Y, Jiang X, Li M, Zheng S, Zhang Z, Huang X, Luo S, Khoong Y, Hou M, Zan T. Lean adipose tissue macrophage derived exosome confers immunoregulation to improve wound healing in diabetes. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:128. [PMID: 37046252 PMCID: PMC10091677 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01869-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic non-healing wounds, a prevalent complication of diabetes, are associated with increased mortality in diabetic patients. Excessive accumulation of M1 macrophages in diabetic wounds promotes inflammation and results in dysregulated tissue repair. Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) derived from healthy lean donors have the ability to improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, as well as modulate inflammation. MicroRNAs (miRs), which can be packaged into exosomes (Exos) and secreted from cells, serve as essential regulators of macrophage polarization. Here, we revealed that ATMs isolated from lean mice secrete miRs-containing Exos, which modulate macrophage polarization and promote rapid diabetic wound healing when administered to diabetes-prone db/db mice. The miRs sequence of tissue samples from wounds treated with Exos secreted by lean ATMs (ExosLean) revealed that miR-222-3p was up-regulated. Further analyses showed that inhibiting miR-222-3p using a miR inhibitor impaired the macrophage-reprogramming effect of ExosLean. In the excisional skin wound mouse model, locally inhibiting miR-222-3p disrupted healing dynamics and failed to modulate macrophage polarization. Mechanistic studies revealed a connection between miR-222-3p, Bcl2l11/Bim, an inflammatory response effector, macrophage polarization, and diabetic wound healing. In summary, ExosLean act as positive regulators of macrophage polarization by regulating miR levels in wounds and accelerating wound healing, and thus have important implications for wound management in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzheng Xia
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yunhan Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Minxiong Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Shengwu Zheng
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zewei Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Shenying Luo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yimin Khoong
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Meng Hou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Tao Zan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Shahbazi R, Jafari-Gharabaghlou D, Mirjafary Z, Saeidian H, Zarghami N. Design and optimization various formulations of PEGylated niosomal nanoparticles loaded with phytochemical agents: potential anti-cancer effects against human lung cancer cells. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:442-455. [PMID: 36859742 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00462-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytochemicals and their derivatives are good options to improve treatment efficiency in cancer patients. Artemisinin (ART) and metformin (MET) are widely used phytochemicals to treat various types of cancers. However, their application because of their dose-dependent side effects, and poor bioavailability brings several challenges. Niosome is a novel nanocarrier that is the best choice to encapsulate both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs. In this study, we synthesized and characterized various formulations of PEGylated (polyethylene glycol) niosomal nanoparticles co-loaded with ART-MET and evaluated their anticancer effect on A549 lung cancer cells. METHODS Various formulations of PEGylated noisome were prepared by the thin-film hydration method and characterized in size, morphology, release pattern, and physicochemical structure. The cytotoxic effect of the free ART-MET and optimized PEGylated niosomal nanoparticles loaded with ART-MET on A549 cells were evaluated by MTT assay. Furthermore, the Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) technique used to evaluate apoptotic and anti-apoptotic gene expression. RESULTS The size, encapsulation efficiency (EE), and polydispersity index (PDI) of the optimized nanoparticles are 256 nm, 95%, and 0.202, respectively. Additionally, due to the PEGylation hydrophilic character, there is a major consideration of the high impact of PEGylation on reducing niosome size. According to the results of the MTT assay, free ART-MET and ART-MET-loaded niosomal nanoparticles showed dose-dependent toxicity and inhibits the growth of A549 lung cancer cells. Furthermore, the RT-PCR results indicated that ART-MET-loaded niosomal nanoparticles have a higher anti-proliferative effect by inhibiting anti-apoptotic and inducing apoptotic gene expression in A549 lung cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that the simultaneous use of ART and MET in the optimized PEGylated niosomal nanoparticles delivery system could be an appropriate approach to improve the effectiveness of lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Shahbazi
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davoud Jafari-Gharabaghlou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mirjafary
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Saeidian
- Department of Science, Payame Noor University (PNU), P.O. Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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16
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Çıtar Dazıroğlu ME, Acar Tek N. The Effect on Inflammation of Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Curr Nutr Rep 2023; 12:191-202. [PMID: 36719550 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-023-00451-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which is common in women of reproductive age worldwide, is a syndrome that reduces the lifelong quality of life and poses a significant risk for various diseases. PCOS is a combination of symptoms of hyperandrogenism, oligo-anovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM). In PCOS, which is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation, some inflammatory cytokines are increased. This review aimed to explain possible mechanisms of inflammation in PCOS and the effects of Mediterranean diet components on reducing this inflammation. RECENT FINDINGS Although the exact mechanisms of inflammation in PCOS are not yet fully known, it is stated that it is mediated by obesity, insulin resistance, and high androgen concentration. This inflammatory state negatively impacts the risk of future health problems and the quality of life of PCOS. Therefore, strategies to reduce inflammation are thought to be important. Dietary adjustments have important effects in reducing this inflammation and preventing disease. At this point, the Mediterranean diet, which has been proven to have a protective effect against many diseases, draws attention. Among the components of the Mediterranean diet, especially omega-3, antioxidants and dietary fiber may contribute to the reduction of inflammation through different mechanisms. PCOS is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation, which increases women's risk of health problems, both now and in the future. Reducing inflammation is therefore extremely important, and it can be achieved with adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Inflammation pathways and the effect of the components of the Mediterranean diet in PCOS. AGE, advanced glycation end products; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-B. Obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperandrogenism may cause inflammation in PCOS through different mechanisms. Antioxidants, omega-3, and dietary fiber, which are the main components of the Mediterranean diet, may be effective in reducing this inflammation in PCOS. (Created with BioRender.com).
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Esra Çıtar Dazıroğlu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Emek, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Nilüfer Acar Tek
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Emek, Ankara, Turkey
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17
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Safdar MA, Aslam RMN, Shakeel A, Shiza, Waqar M, Jmail A, Mehmood MH, Gul H. Cyanidin as potential anticancer agent targeting various proliferative pathways. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:438-452. [PMID: 36326796 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A natural compound cyanidin, which is a type of anthocyanin present in pigmented leaves, fruits, and flowers; distributed widely in berries, apples, and oranges possess anticancer activities, thus curing various types of cancer such as breast, liver, lung, prostate, and thyroid cancer. The article provides an insight into the potential of using a single phytochemical, cyanidin to treat various cancer types including breast, liver, lung, prostate, and thyroid cancer. Information about cyanidin and its pharmacological impact on cancer was collected from books, scientific journals, and reports through electronic data search (Web of Science, Scifinder, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Elsevier, Springer, Wiley, ACS, Science Direct, CNKI as well as Kew Plants of the Word Online) and library. Cyanidin produces its effects against cancer probably by inhibiting (RAS, MAPK) and activating (caspases-3 and P-38) innovative molecular pathways. It may cause cell cycle arrest, cell differentiation processes and changes in redox status which trigger the cytotoxic chemotherapeutic effects. However, it also optimizes the chemotherapeutic targets which are cancer cells less responsive to chemotherapy. Cancer is considered the most widely spread disease and cyanidin from natural origin provides an essential role in treatment of cancer by approaching various mechanistic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azhaf Safdar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Nabeel Aslam
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Shakeel
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shiza
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mashael Waqar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Jmail
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Malik Hassan Mehmood
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Gul
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government, College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Andrade C, Pereira DM, G M Gomes N, Ferreres F, Gil-Izquierdo A, Andrade PB, Duangsrisai S, Valentão P. Kitul, a food plant with antidiabetic-like effects: Reduction of intracellular reactive species in glucose-stimulated RIN-5F pancreatic β-cells and mitigation of pro-inflammatory mediators in activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Food Res Int 2023; 167:112615. [PMID: 37087203 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Kitul (Caryota urens L.) inflorescences are broadly used for sweet sap production in Asian countries and Kitul food products are known as being suitable for diabetic patients. Considering the strong ability to inhibit α-glucosidase, we hypothesize that kitul antidiabetic properties might also involve the modulation of inflammatory pathways and hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative damage. Hence, the effects of an inflorescence's methanol extract were investigated in glucose-stimulated pancreatic cells (RIN-5F) and LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The extract reduced the overproduction of intracellular reactive species in pancreatic cells and also NO, L-citrulline and IL-6 levels in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase (IC50 = 166.1 µg/mL) through an uncompetitive manner was also recorded upon treatment with C. urens inflorescences extract. The phenolic profile of the inflorescences was characterized by HPLC-DAD, six hydroxycinnamic acids being identified and quantified. Overall, our data provide additional evidence on the pleiotropic mechanisms of Kitul inflorescences as an antidiabetic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - David M Pereira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Nelson G M Gomes
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Federico Ferreres
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Molecular Recognition and Encapsulation (REM) Group, Universidad Católica de Murcia. UCAM, Campus Los Jerónimos, s/n., 30107 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Angel Gil-Izquierdo
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Campus University Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Paula B Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sutsawat Duangsrisai
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Ngam Wong Wan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Patrícia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, n° 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Wu M, Cai YL, Yang Y, Hu HM, Yao Y, Yang J, Deng JJ, Wan L. Vitamin D ameliorates insulin resistance-induced osteopenia by inactivating the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13215. [PMID: 36816288 PMCID: PMC9929320 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Osteoporosis (OP) can be considered a chronic complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Aberrant activation of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is associated with the pathogenesis of various inflammation-related diseases, e.g., T2DM and OP. Vitamin D affects the inflammatory pathway and inhibits an excessive inflammatory response. The current study investigated the inter-relationship between vitamin D and inflammasome activation in T2DM. Method Hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were treated with Conditioned Medium of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells after VitD treatment (CM-VitD), as well as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) specific agonist, 740Y-P, or the PI3K specific inhibitor, LY294002, respectively, or both. 40 Eight-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats were selected and established as a DM model. The rats were injected with CM-VitD, as well as the 740Y-P specific agonist, or the LY294002 inhibitor, respectively, or both. A quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were conducted to evaluate the expression of messenger ribonucleic acid and protein in the RUX2 gene, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), OsteoPontiN (OPN), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), protein kinase B (AKT), PI3K, NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-1 beta (β), IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the BMSCs and liver tissue of rats. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the concentration of inflammatory factors in the cell supernatant and serum of rats. Results An isolated co-culture of HepG2/insulin-resistance cells and BMSCs promoted the adipogenic transformation of the latter and inhibited the transformation of BMSCs into osteogenesis. The PI3K specific agonist, 740Y-P, significantly increased the expression of PI3K, AKT, NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1 while the PI3K specific inhibitor, LY294002, does the opposite. Additionally, CM-VitD reduced the expression of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 in BMSCs and rat liver via the PI3K/AKT pathway. Conclusion Vitamin D can inhibit the inflammatory response induced by T2DM and promote the osteogenesis of BMSCs, which may play a key role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes patients with OP.
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Herman A, Herman AP. Herbal Products and Their Active Constituents for Diabetic Wound Healing-Preclinical and Clinical Studies: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010281. [PMID: 36678910 PMCID: PMC9865817 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to provide verified data on the current knowledge acquired in preclinical and clinical studies regarding topically used herbal products and their active constituents (formulations and dressings) with diabetic wound healing activity. Moreover, herbal products and their active constituents used for diabetic wound infections, and various cellular and molecular mechanisms of their actions will also be described. The electronic databases were searched for articles published from 2012 to 2022. Publications with oral or systemic administration of herbal products in diabetic wound healing, published before 2012, available only as an abstract, or in languages other than English were excluded from the study. The 59 articles comparing topically used herbal products in diabetic wound healing treatment versus control treatments (placebo or active therapy) were selected. Herbal products through different mechanisms of action, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activity, stimulation of angiogenesis, production of cytokines and growth factors, keratinocytes, and fibroblast migration and proliferation may be considered as an important support during conventional therapy or even as a substitute for synthetic drugs used for diabetic wound treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Herman
- Chair of Drug and Cosmetics Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75 Street, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-234-5573
| | - Andrzej Przemysław Herman
- Department of Genetic Engineering, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3 Street, 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland
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Hermilasari RD, Rizal DM, Wirohadidjojo YW. Potential Mechanism of Platelet-rich Plasma Treatment on Testicular Problems Related to Diabetes Mellitus. Prague Med Rep 2023; 124:344-358. [PMID: 38069642 DOI: 10.14712/23362936.2023.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a condition of continuously increased blood glucose levels that causes hyperglycemia. This condition can result in disorders of various organs including testicular problems. The use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) which is contained in several growth factors shows its potential in overcoming testicular problems. This literature review study was conducted to identify the potential of PRP in overcoming various testicular problems due to diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rista Dwi Hermilasari
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of Jember, Jember, Indonesia
| | - Dicky Moch Rizal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Yohanes Widodo Wirohadidjojo
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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22
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Jin Y, Arroo R. The protective effects of flavonoids and carotenoids against diabetic complications-A review of in vivo evidence. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1020950. [PMID: 37032781 PMCID: PMC10080163 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1020950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder caused either by inadequate insulin secretion, impaired insulin function, or both. Uncontrolled diabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia which over time leads to fatal damage to both macro-and microvascular systems, causing complications such as cardiovascular diseases, retinopathy and nephropathy. Diabetes management is conventionally delivered through modifications of diet and lifestyle and pharmacological treatment, using antidiabetic drugs, and ultimately insulin injections. However, the side effects and financial cost of medications often reduce patient compliance to treatment, negatively affecting their health outcomes. Natural phytochemicals from edible plants such as fruits and vegetables (F&V) and medicinal herbs have drawn a growing interest as potential therapeutic agents for treating diabetes and preventing the onset and progression of diabetic complications. Flavonoids, the most abundant polyphenols in the human diet, have shown antidiabetic effects in numerous in vitro and preclinical studies. The underlying mechanisms have been linked to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. Carotenoids, another major group of dietary phytochemicals, have also shown antidiabetic potential in recent in vitro and in vivo experimental models, possibly through a mechanism of action similar to that of flavonoids. However, scientific evidence on the efficacy of these phytochemicals in treating diabetes or preventing the onset and progression of its complications in clinical settings is scarce, which delays the translation of animal study evidence to human applications and also limits the knowledge on their modes of actions in diabetes management. This review is aimed to highlight the potential roles of flavonoids and carotenoids in preventing or ameliorating diabetes-related complications based on in vivo study evidence, i.e., an array of preclinical animal studies and human intervention trials. The current general consensus of the underlying mechanisms of action exerted by both groups of phytochemicals is that their anti-inflammatory action is key. However, other potential mechanisms of action are considered. In total, 50 in vivo studies were selected for a review after a comprehensive database search via PubMed and ScienceDirect from January 2002 to August 2022. The key words used for analysis are type-2 diabetes (T2DM), diabetic complications, flavonoids, carotenoids, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, mechanisms of prevention and amelioration, animal studies and human interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Jin
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Yannan Jin,
| | - Randolph Arroo
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom
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23
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Anti-Diabetic and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Phlomis stewartii Plant Phytochemicals on Cigarette Smoke Inhalation and Alloxan-Induced Diabetes in Wistar Rats. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12111133. [PMID: 36422273 PMCID: PMC9696311 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of free radicals in body causes oxidative stress and consequently different metabolic disorders. There are numerous environmental and emotional factors that trigger free radical generation, cigarette smoke (CS) is one of them. In addition to free radical production, it also increases the risk of developing type II diabetes, cancer, and has adverse effects on other organs such as liver and kidneys. In the present study, extracts of leaves, flower, and whole plant of P. stewartii Hf. in methanol were analyzed using LC-ESI-MS and investigated for their cytotoxic properties against HepG2 cell line and CS alloxan-induced diabetes in Wistar albino rats model. A total of 24 rats were kept in aerated cage for eight weeks and exposed to CS following the administration of single dose of alloxan@140 mg/kg body weight at the end of six weeks to induce diabetes mellitus (DM). The cytotoxic activity of extracts against HepG2 was recorded in the order; leaves methanol (LM) > flower methanol (FM) and whole plant methanol (WPM). The IC50(1/4) values were in the order of 187 (LM) > 280 (FM) > 312 (WPM) µg/mL against HepG2. In positive control group, CS- and alloxan-induced diabetes significantly increased (p < 0.05) the level of alanine alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), low density lipoprotein (LDL), bilirubin, total protein, creatinine, uric acid, blood urea, globulin, total oxidant status (TOS), and malondialdehyde (MDA), as compared to negative control group. In conclusion, according to the results of this study, P. Stewartii methanol extracts showed good antioxidant, anticancer activity and worked well to recover the tested clinical parameters in CS/alloxan-induced diabetes animals, which indicated the extracts also possess good antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective potential.
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24
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Dludla PV, Nkambule BB, Nyambuya TM, Ziqubu K, Mabhida SE, Mxinwa V, Mokgalaboni K, Ndevahoma F, Hanser S, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Basson AK, Sabbatinelli J, Tiano L. Vitamin C intake potentially lowers total cholesterol to improve endothelial function in diabetic patients at increased risk of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1011002. [PMID: 36386907 PMCID: PMC9659906 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1011002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin C is one of the most consumed dietary compounds and contains abundant antioxidant properties that could be essential in improving metabolic function. Thus, the current systematic review analyzed evidence on the beneficial effects of vitamin C intake on cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related outcomes in patients with diabetes or metabolic syndrome. METHODS To identify relevant randomized control trials (RCTs), a systematic search was run using prominent search engines like PubMed and Google Scholar, from beginning up to March 2022. The modified Black and Downs checklist was used to assess the quality of evidence. RESULTS Findings summarized in the current review favor the beneficial effects of vitamin C intake on improving basic metabolic parameters and lowering total cholesterol levels to reduce CVD-risk in subjects with type 2 diabetes or related metabolic diseases. Moreover, vitamin C intake could also reduce the predominant markers of inflammation and oxidative stress like C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and malondialdehyde. Importantly, these positive outcomes were consistent with improved endothelial function or increased blood flow in these subjects. Predominantly effective doses were 1,000 mg/daily for 4 weeks up to 12 months. The included RCTs presented with the high quality of evidence. CONCLUSION Clinical evidence on the beneficial effects of vitamin C intake or its impact on improving prominent markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with diabetes is still limited. Thus, more RCTs are required to solidify these findings, which is essential to better manage diabetic patients at increased risk of developing CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phiwayinkosi V. Dludla
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa
| | - Bongani B. Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Tawanda M. Nyambuya
- Department of Health Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Khanyisani Ziqubu
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Sihle E. Mabhida
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Vuyolwethu Mxinwa
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Kabelo Mokgalaboni
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida Campus, Roodepoort, South Africa
| | - Fransina Ndevahoma
- Department of Health Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Sidney Hanser
- Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa
| | | | - Albertus K. Basson
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa
| | - Jacopo Sabbatinelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Potential Roles of Anti-Inflammatory Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds Targeting Inflammation in Microvascular Complications of Diabetes. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217352. [PMID: 36364178 PMCID: PMC9657994 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders, the characteristics of which include chronic hyperglycemia owing to defects in insulin function, insulin secretion, or both. Inflammation plays a crucial role in DM pathogenesis and innate immunity in the development of microvascular complications of diabetes. In addition, hyperglycemia and DM mediate a proinflammatory microenvironment that can result in various microvascular complications, including diabetic nephropathy (DNP), diabetic neuropathy (DN), and diabetic retinopathy (DR). DNP is a major cause of end-stage renal disease. DNP can lead to albuminuria, decreased filtration, mesangium expansion, thickening of the basement membrane, and eventually renal failure. Furthermore, inflammatory cells can accumulate in the interstitium and glomeruli to deteriorate DNP. DN is another most prevalent microvascular complication of DM and the main cause of high mortality, disability, and a poor quality of life. DNs have a wide range of clinical manifestations because of the types of fiber dysfunctions and complex structures of the peripheral nervous system. DR is also a microvascular and multifactorial disease, as well as a major cause of visual impairment globally. Pathogenesis of DR is yet to be fully revealed, however, numerous studies have already confirmed the role of inflammation in the onset and advancement of DR. Despite evidence, and better knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of these microvascular complications of diabetes, there is still a deficiency of effective therapies. Bioactive compounds are mainly derived from plants, and these molecules have promising therapeutic potential. In this review, evidence and molecular mechanisms regarding the role of inflammation in various microvascular complications of diabetes including DNP, DN, and DR, have been summarized. The therapeutic potential of several bioactive compounds derived from plants in the treatment of these microvascular complications of diabetes has also been discussed.
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26
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Chakraborty R, Borah P, Dutta PP, Sen S. Evolving spectrum of diabetic wound: Mechanistic insights and therapeutic targets. World J Diabetes 2022; 13:696-716. [PMID: 36188143 PMCID: PMC9521443 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i9.696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder resulting in an increased blood glucose level and prolonged hyperglycemia, causes long term health conse-quences. Chronic wound is frequently occurring in diabetes patients due to compromised wound healing capability. Management of wounds in diabetic patients remains a clinical challenge despite many advancements in the field of science and technology. Increasing evidence indicates that alteration of the biochemical milieu resulting from alteration in inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinase, decrease in fibroblast and keratinocyte functioning, neuropathy, altered leukocyte functioning, infection, etc., plays a significant role in impaired wound healing in diabetic people. Apart from the current pharmacotherapy, different other approaches like the use of conventional drugs, antidiabetic medication, antibiotics, debridement, offloading, platelet-rich plasma, growth factor, oxygen therapy, negative pressure wound therapy, low-level laser, extracorporeal shock wave bioengineered substitute can be considered in the management of diabetic wounds. Drugs/therapeutic strategy that induce angiogenesis and collagen synthesis, inhibition of MMPs, reduction of oxidative stress, controlling hyperglycemia, increase growth factors, regulate inflammatory cytokines, cause NO induction, induce fibroblast and keratinocyte proliferation, control microbial infections are considered important in controlling diabetic wound. Further, medicinal plants and/or phytoconstituents also offer a viable alternative in the treatment of diabetic wound. The focus of the present review is to highlight the molecular and cellular mechanisms, and discuss the drug targets and treatment strategies involved in the diabetic wound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Chakraborty
- Institute of Pharmacy, Assam Don Bosco University, Kamrup 782402, Assam, India
| | - Pobitra Borah
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Partha Pratim Dutta
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam down town University, Guwahati 781026, Assam, India
| | - Saikat Sen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam down town University, Guwahati 781026, Assam, India
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27
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Nogueira VC, de Oliveira VDN, Guedes MIF, Smith BJ, da C Freire JE, Gonçalves NGG, de O M Moreira AC, de A Moreira R. UPLC-HDMS E to discover serum biomarkers in adults with type 1 diabetes. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 221:1161-1170. [PMID: 36115450 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a complex disease with metabolic and functional changes that can alter an individual's proteome. An LC-MS/MS analytical method, in an HDMSE system, was used to identify differentially expressed proteins in the high abundance protein-depleted serum of T1D patients and healthy controls. Samples were processed in Progenesis QI for Proteomics software. A functional enrichment of the proteins was performed with Gene Ontology and ToppGene, and the interactions were visualized by STRING 11.5. As a result, 139 proteins were identified, 14 of which were downregulated in the serum of patients with T1D compared to controls. Most of the differentially expressed proteins were shown to be involved with the immune system, inflammation, and growth hormone stimulus response, and were associated with the progression of T1D. Differential protein expression data showed for the first-time changes in CPN2 expression levels in the serum of patients with T1D. Our findings indicate that these proteins are targets of interest for future investigations and for validation of protein biomarkers in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria C Nogueira
- Department of Education, Federal Institute of Ceará (IFCE), Ubajara, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Valzimeire do N de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, State University of Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
| | - Maria I F Guedes
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, State University of Ceará (UECE), Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
| | - Bradley J Smith
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Institute of Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José E da C Freire
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Ana C de O M Moreira
- Experimental Biology Center, University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Renato de A Moreira
- Experimental Biology Center, University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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28
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Calvi P, Terzo S, Amato A. Betalains: colours for human health. Nat Prod Res 2022; 37:1746-1765. [PMID: 35921318 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2106481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
In the last years, the use of natural phytochemical compounds as protective agents in the prevention and treatment of obesity and the related-metabolic syndrome has gained much attention worldwide. Different studies have shown health benefits for many vegetables such Opuntia ficus-indica and Beta vulgaris and their pigments collectively referred as betalains. Betalains exert antioxidative, anti-inflammation, lipid lowering, antidiabetic and anti-obesity effects. This review summarizes findings in the literature and highlights the therapeutic potential of betalains and their natural source as valid alternative for supplementation in obesity-related disorders treatment. Further research is needed to establish the mechanisms through which these natural pigments exert their beneficial effects and to translate the promising findings from animal models to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Calvi
- Department of Biological- Chemical- Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (STEBICEF), University of Palermo- Viale delle Scienze, Palermo, Italy.,Dipartment of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic (Bi.N.D.), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Simona Terzo
- Department of Biological- Chemical- Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (STEBICEF), University of Palermo- Viale delle Scienze, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella Amato
- Department of Biological- Chemical- Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (STEBICEF), University of Palermo- Viale delle Scienze, Palermo, Italy
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29
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Santhiravel S, Bekhit AEDA, Mendis E, Jacobs JL, Dunshea FR, Rajapakse N, Ponnampalam EN. The Impact of Plant Phytochemicals on the Gut Microbiota of Humans for a Balanced Life. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158124. [PMID: 35897699 PMCID: PMC9332059 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract of humans is a complex microbial ecosystem known as gut microbiota. The microbiota is involved in several critical physiological processes such as digestion, absorption, and related physiological functions and plays a crucial role in determining the host’s health. The habitual consumption of specific dietary components can impact beyond their nutritional benefits, altering gut microbiota diversity and function and could manipulate health. Phytochemicals are non-nutrient biologically active plant components that can modify the composition of gut microflora through selective stimulation of proliferation or inhibition of certain microbial communities in the intestine. Plants secrete these components, and they accumulate in the cell wall and cell sap compartments (body) for their development and survival. These compounds have low bioavailability and long time-retention in the intestine due to their poor absorption, resulting in beneficial impacts on gut microbiota population. Feeding diets containing phytochemicals to humans and animals may offer a path to improve the gut microbiome resulting in improved performance and/or health and wellbeing. This review discusses the effects of phytochemicals on the modulation of the gut microbiota environment and the resultant benefits to humans; however, the effect of phytochemicals on the gut microbiota of animals is also covered, in brief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarusha Santhiravel
- Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Alaa El-Din A Bekhit
- Department of Food Sciences, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Eresha Mendis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Joe L Jacobs
- Animal Production Sciences, Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Ellinbank, VIC 3821, Australia
- Centre for Agricultural Innovation, School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Frank R Dunshea
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Niranjan Rajapakse
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Eric N Ponnampalam
- Animal Production Sciences, Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
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30
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Takkar B, Sheemar A, Jayasudha R, Soni D, Narayanan R, Venkatesh P, Shivaji S, Das T. Unconventional avenues to decelerated diabetic retinopathy. Surv Ophthalmol 2022; 67:1574-1592. [PMID: 35803389 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an important microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), causing significant visual impairment worldwide. Current gold standards for retarding the progress of DR include blood sugar control and regular fundus screening. Despite these measures, the incidence and prevalence of DR and vision-threatening DR remain high. Given its slowly progressive course and long latent period, opportunities to contain or slow DR before it threatens vision must be explored. This narrative review assesses the recently described unconventional strategies to retard DR progression. These include gut-ocular flow, gene therapy, mitochondrial dysfunction-oxidative stress, stem cell therapeutics, neurodegeneration, anti-inflammatory treatments, lifestyle modification, and usage of phytochemicals. These therapies impact DR directly, while some of them also influence DM control. Most of these strategies are currently in the preclinical stage, and clinical evidence remains low. Nevertheless, our review suggests that these approaches have the potential for human use to prevent the progression of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brijesh Takkar
- Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreoretinal Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India; Indian Health Outcomes, Public Health, and Economics Research (IHOPE) Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Abhishek Sheemar
- Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | | | - Deepak Soni
- Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
| | - Raja Narayanan
- Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreoretinal Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India; Indian Health Outcomes, Public Health, and Economics Research (IHOPE) Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Pradeep Venkatesh
- Dr. RP Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sisinthy Shivaji
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Taraprasad Das
- Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreoretinal Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
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31
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Chen F, Liu Q. Demystifying phytoconstituent-derived nanomedicines in their immunoregulatory and therapeutic roles in inflammatory diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 186:114317. [PMID: 35533788 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades, phytoconstituents have appeared as critical mediators for immune regulations among various diseases, both in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. These bioactive molecules, showing a broad range of biological functions, would hold tremendous promise for developing new therapeutics. The discovery of phytoconstituents' capability of functionally regulating immune cells and associating cytokines, suppressing systemic inflammation, and remodeling immunity have rapidly promoted the idea of their employment as anti-inflammatory agents. In this review, we discuss various roles of phyto-derived medicines in the field of inflammatory diseases, including chronic inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and acute inflammatory disease such as COVID-19. Nevertheless, traditional phyto-derived medicines often concurred with their clinical administration limitations, such as their lack of cell specificity, inefficient cytoplasmic delivery, and rapid clearance by the immune system. As alternatives, phyto-derived nano-approaches may provide significant benefits. Both unmodified and engineered nanocarriers present the potential to serve as phytoconstituent delivery systems to improve therapeutic physio-chemical properties and pharmacokinetic profiles. Thus, the development of phytoconstituents' nano-delivery designs, their new and perspective approaches for therapeutical applications are elaborated herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqian Chen
- Translational Research Program, Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock Trauma Anesthesiology Research, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Cancer Research Building II, Suite 216, 1550 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States.
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32
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Chen L, Pu Y, Xu Y, He X, Cao J, Ma Y, Jiang W. Anti-diabetic and anti-obesity: Efficacy evaluation and exploitation of polyphenols in fruits and vegetables. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Meah F, Lundholm M, Emanuele N, Amjed H, Poku C, Agrawal L, Emanuele MA. The effects of cannabis and cannabinoids on the endocrine system. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 23:401-420. [PMID: 34460075 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-021-09682-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
With the increase in cannabis use due to policy changes and areas of decriminalization, it is important to recognize the potential impact of these substances on endocrine processes. Cannabinoids have many effects by activating the endocannabinoid system. This system plays a role in the normal functioning of nearly every organ and consists of the body's natural endocannabinoids, the cannabinoid receptors, and the enzymes and processes that regulate endocannabinoids. Exogenous cannabinoids such as Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) are known to act through cannabinoid type 1 and 2 receptors, and have been shown to mimic endocannabinoid signaling and affect receptor expression. This review summarizes the known impacts of cannabis on thyroid, adrenal, and gonadal function in addition to glucose control, lipids, and bone metabolism, including: reduced female fertility, increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, reduced sperm counts and function, lower thyroid hormone levels with acute use, blunting of stress response with chronic use, increased risk of prediabetes but lower risk of diabetes, suggested improvement of high density lipoproteins and triglycerides, and modest increase in fracture risk. The known properties of endocannabinoids, animal data, population data, and the possible benefits and concerns of cannabinoid use on hormonal function are discussed. The interconnectivity of the endocrine and endocannabinoid systems suggests opportunities for future therapeutic modalities which are an area of active investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Meah
- Endocrinology Section, Medical Service, VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
| | - Michelle Lundholm
- Department of Internal Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Nicholas Emanuele
- Endocrinology Section, Medical Service, VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
| | - Hafsa Amjed
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Loyola University Health Care System, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Caroline Poku
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Loyola University Health Care System, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Lily Agrawal
- Endocrinology Section, Medical Service, VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
| | - Mary Ann Emanuele
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Loyola University Health Care System, Maywood, Illinois, USA.
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Gu J, Wu Y, Huang W, Fan X, Chen X, Zhou B, Lin Z, Feng X. Effect of vitamin D on oxidative stress and serum inflammatory factors in the patients with type 2 diabetes. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24430. [PMID: 35403296 PMCID: PMC9102501 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an urgent global health problem. T2DM patients are in a state of high oxidative stress and inflammation. Vitamin D and glutathione (GSH) play crucial roles in antioxidation and anti‐inflammation. However, T2DM patients have lower vitamin D and GSH levels than healthy persons. A randomized controlled trial was conducted to see the effect of the vitamin D supplementation on oxidative stress and inflammatory factors in T2DM patients. In this study, a total of 178 T2DM patients were randomly enrolled, 92 patients received regular treatment (T2DM group) and 86 patients in Vitamin D group received extra vitamin D 400 IU per day in addition to regular treatment. Serum vitamin D, GSH, GSH metabolic enzyme GCLC and GR, inflammatory factor MCP‐1, and IL‐8 levels were investigated. We found that the T2DM group has significantly higher concentrations of MCP‐1 and IL‐8 than those in the healthy donor group. After vitamin D supplementation for 90 days, T2DM patients had a 2‐fold increase of GSH levels, from 2.72 ± 0.84 to 5.76 ± 3.19 μmol/ml, the concentration of MCP‐1 decreased from 51.11 ± 20.86 to 25.42 ± 13.06 pg/ml, and IL‐8 also decreased from 38.21 ± 21.76 to 16.05 ± 8.99 pg/ml. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that vitamin D could regulate the production of GSH, thereby reducing the serum levels of MCP‐1 and IL‐8, alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation, providing evidence of the necessity and feasibility of adjuvant vitamin D treatment among patients with T2DM. On the other hand, vitamin D and GSH levels have important diagnostic and prognostic values in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie‐Chao Gu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine The People's Hospital of Jiangmen Jiangmen China
| | - Yue‐Guan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology The People's Hospital of Jiangmen Jiangmen China
| | - Wei‐Gang Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine The People's Hospital of Jiangmen Jiangmen China
| | - Xiu‐Jing Fan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine The People's Hospital of Jiangmen Jiangmen China
| | - Xin‐Hao Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine The People's Hospital of Jiangmen Jiangmen China
| | - Biao Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine The People's Hospital of Jiangmen Jiangmen China
| | - Zhi‐Jun Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine The People's Hospital of Jiangmen Jiangmen China
| | - Xiu‐Lan Feng
- Department of Blood Transfusion The People's Hospital of Jiangmen Jiangmen China
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Patel K, Patel DK. Health Benefits of Avicularin in the Medicine Against Cancerous Disorders
and other Complications: Biological Importance, Therapeutic Benefit
and Analytical Aspects. CURRENT CANCER THERAPY REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573394717666210831163322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Herbal drugs and their derived phytochemicals have been used in
medicine for the preparation of different types of pharmaceutical products. Pure phytochemicals including
flavonoids, alkaloids and terpenoids have been used in medicine for the treatment of different
types of human disorders including cancerous disorders. Flavonoids have been well known in
medicine for their anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-aging
and cardioprotective potential. Avicularin, also called quercetin-3-α-l-arabino furanoside, is a pure
flavonoid, a class of phytochemicals, found to be present in Lindera erythrocarpa and Lespedeza
cuneata. Avicularin has been well known in medicine for its anti-cancer properties.
Methods:
In the present work, scientific data of avicularin have been collected from different
databases such as Google, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Scopus and summarized
with reference to medicinal importance, pharmacological activities and analytical aspects of avicularin.
The present review summarized the health beneficial properties of avicularin in medicine
through data analysis of various scientific research works. Further analytical progress in medicine
for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of avicularin in medicine has been also discussed in the
present work.
Results:
Scientific data analysis of different literature work revealed the biological importance of
flavonoid class of phytochemical ‘avicularin’ in medicine. Scientific data analysis revealed that avicularin
was found to be present in the Lindera erythrocarpa, Lespedeza cuneata, Rhododendron
schlipenbachii and Psidium guajava. Avicularin has been well known in medicine for its anti-inflammatory,
anti-allergic, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor and hepatoprotective activities. Avicularin protects
cardiomyocytes and hepatocytes against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and induces cytotoxicity
in cancer lines and tumor tissues. Avicularin has positive influence on human hepatocellular
carcinoma and inhibits intracellular lipid accumulation. The role of avicularin in rheumatoid
arthritis has been also established with its underlying molecular mechanisms in the scientific work.
Recent interest in avicularin has focused on pharmacological investigations for its anti-cancer activity
in the medicine.
Conclusion:
The present work signified the biological importance of avicularin in medicine
through its medicinal uses, pharmacological activities and analytical aspects in the biological system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture,
Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture,
Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, India
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Shang K, Tao L, Jiang S, Yan J, Hu S, Yang G, Ma C, Cheng S, Wang X, Yin J. Highly Flexible Hydrogel Dressing with Efficient Antibacterial, Antioxidative, and Wound Healing Performances. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:1373-1383. [DOI: 10.1039/d1bm02010b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial induced wound infection is very common in real life, but the abuse of antibiotics brings a potential threat to human health. The development of non-antibiotic type antibacterial materials appears...
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Shao C, Sun M, Liu W, Zhao S, Liu Y, Chen Y, Liang SN, Yuan H, Sui H, Wang B, Li S. Patient-Reported Outcomes Following the Use of Jiang Tang San Huang Tablets in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study in a Chinese Population. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:4023-4033. [PMID: 36582504 PMCID: PMC9793732 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s388336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to assess the efficacy of the Jiang Tang San Huang (JTSH) tablet for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS All data for this retrospective cohort study were acquired from the outpatient clinic database of our institution, and all enrolled patients received JTSH tablet for at least two months. Overall, 147 patients were included in the analysis. The primary outcome was patient-reported outcomes on the efficacy of the JTSH tablets using a questionnaire survey. Correlation analysis evaluated the duration of JTSH tablet administration and glycemic control in patients with T2DM. The secondary outcome measures included: changes in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) after 2 months of treatment with JTSH tablets. RESULTS Overall,120 patients (81.63%) reported a JTSH tablet treatment satisfaction score of ≥60 points, and believed that JTSH tablets had satisfactory hypoglycemic effects and could improve symptoms. The average duration of JTSH tablet treatment was 2.57±1.45 years. Overall, 111 patients achieved good blood glucose control, while 36 patients had poor glycemic control. Multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that taking JTSH tablets for 1 year might reduce the risk of poor hypoglycemic effect by 17.00% (Risk ratio=0.830, 95% confidence interval:0.578, 1.021, P=0.066). Compared with the baseline data, the levels of HbA1c, FPG and HOMA-IR decreased significantly and HOMA-β levels increased significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Good blood glucose control may be positively correlated with the duration of JTSH tablets administration. Patients with T2DM were satisfied with the anti-diabetic effects of JTSH tablets, which can significantly reduce blood glucose and insulin resistance, and improve the function of islet cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Shao
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengxue Sun
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wanwen Liu
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaoyang Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuna Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Nung Liang
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoyu Yuan
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huacheng Sui
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baohua Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Baohua Wang; Saimei Li, Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613580515855; +8615818159018, Fax +86 20-36588726, Email ;
| | - Saimei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Ma Q, Bian L, Zhao X, Tian X, Yin H, Wang Y, Shi A, Wu J. Novel glucose-responsive nanoparticles based on p-hydroxyphenethyl anisate and 3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid reduce blood glucose and ameliorate diabetic nephropathy. Mater Today Bio 2021; 13:100181. [PMID: 34927045 PMCID: PMC8649392 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An insulin delivery system that self-regulates blood sugar levels, mimicking the human pancreas, can improve hyperglycaemia. At present, a glucose-responsive insulin delivery system combining AAPBA with long-acting slow release biomaterials has been developed. However, the safety of sustained-release materials and the challenges of preventing diabetic complications remain. In this study, we developed a novel polymer slow release material using a plant extract—p-hydroxyphenylethyl anisate (HPA). After block copolymerisation with AAPBA, the prepared nanoparticles had good pH sensitivity, glucose sensitivity, insulin loading rate and stability under physiological conditions and had high biocompatibility. The analysis of streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) mouse model showed that the insulin-loaded injection of nanoparticles stably regulated the blood glucose levels of DN mice within 48 h. Importantly, with the degradation of the slow release material HPA in vivo, the renal function improved, the inflammatory response reduced, and antioxidation levels in DN mice improved. This new type of nanoparticles provides a new idea for hypoglycaemic nano-drug delivery system and may have potential in the prevention and treatment of diabetic complications. We established a new glucose-responsive intelligent system with HPA. p(AAPBA-b-HPA) shows good pH and glucose sensitivity. p(AAPBA-b-HPA) nanoparticles can slowly release HPA and insulin. This system can be used to regulate blood glucose. p(AAPBA-b-HPA) nanoparticles can aid in diabetic nephropathy prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Education Department of Yunnan, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Ligong Bian
- Department of Medical Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Xi Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Education Department of Yunnan, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Xuexia Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Education Department of Yunnan, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Hang Yin
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Education Department of Yunnan, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Yutian Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Education Department of Yunnan, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Anhua Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Education Department of Yunnan, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
| | - Junzi Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Education Department of Yunnan, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China
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Nasimi Doost Azgomi R, Karimi A, Tutunchi H, Moini Jazani A. A comprehensive mechanistic and therapeutic insight into the effect of chicory (Cichorium intybus) supplementation in diabetes mellitus: A systematic review of literature. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14945. [PMID: 34606165 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cichorium intybus is a rich source of terpenoids and phenolic compounds, one of the effective methods in managing and reducing the complications of chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence obtained from animal and human studies on the effects of chicory on metabolic indicators (such as inflammation, oxidative stress, blood sugar and dyslipidaemia) of diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS This systematic search was performed in ProQuest, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase and Science Direct databases and on articles published until August 2021. All of the animal studies and clinical trials included in this systematic review that assessed the effect of chicory on metabolic risk markers in diabetes were published in English language journals. RESULTS Finally, amongst 686 articles, only 23 articles met the needed criteria for further analysis. Out of 23 articles, 3 studies on humans and 20 studies on animals have been carried out. Fifteen of the 19 studies that evaluated the effect of chicory on the glycaemic index showed that Cichorium intybus improved blood glucose index (it had no effect in two human studies and three animal studies). Ten of the 13 studies evaluating the effect of Cichorium intybus on lipid profiles showed that it improved dyslipidaemia. Also, all 12 studies showed that chicory significantly reduces oxidative stress and inflammation. CONCLUSION According to the available evidence, Cichorium intybus might improve the glycaemic status, dyslipidaemia, oxidative stress and inflammation. However, further studies are recommended for a comprehensive conclusion about the exact mechanism of chicory in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Nasimi Doost Azgomi
- Traditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Arash Karimi
- Traditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Helda Tutunchi
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Arezoo Moini Jazani
- Traditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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40
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Huang L, Chen J, Quan J, Xiang D. Rosmarinic acid inhibits proliferation and migration, promotes apoptosis and enhances cisplatin sensitivity of melanoma cells through inhibiting ADAM17/EGFR/AKT/GSK3β axis. Bioengineered 2021; 12:3065-3076. [PMID: 34224305 PMCID: PMC8806498 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1941699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA), a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound, exerts multiple biological properties including anti-cancer. The metalloprotease, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17), can activate ligands of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and contribute to tumor progression. We aimed to investigate whether RA could exhibit anti-cancer effects in melanoma cells through down-regulating ADAM17. The human melanoma A375 cells were exposed to RA, then cell viability, migration, invasion, apoptosis, melanin content and the expression of ADAM17/EGFR/AKT/GSK3β were evaluated. The viability of cells exposed to RA in the presence of cisplatin (Cis) was measured by CCK-8. Cells were overexpressed with ADAM17 in the absence or presence of RA and ADAM17 inhibitor (TACE prodomain; TPD) co-treatment, then the above cellular processes were also observed. Results showed that A375 cells treated with RA showed significant lower cell viability, proliferation, migrative and invasive abilities, melanin content and expression of related proteins including MMP2 and MMP9, compared with normal cells. RA enhanced the ratio of TUINEL-positive cells, the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins, but reduced Bcl-2 expression. RA co-treatment increased the inhibitory effect of Cis on cell viability. RA inhibited the expression of ADAM17/EGFR/AKT/GSK3β, which was further suppressed by TPD. Moreover, ADAM17 overexpression blocked all the effects of RA whereas TPD treatment generated an opposite function. In conclusion, RA exerted obvious inhibitory effect on melanoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion, but promotive effect on cells apoptosis. Addition, the showing of this characteristic of RA may rely on inhibiting the expression of ADAM17/EGFR/AKT/GSK3β axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangyan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Quan
- Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Debing Xiang
- Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
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Boonma T, Nutho B, Sungthong B, Sripadung P, Rungrotmongkol T, Nunthaboot N. Molecular insights into complex formation between scandenin and various types of β-cyclodextrin. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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42
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Mahmoud MF, Abdelaal S, Mohammed HO, El-Shazly AM, Daoud R, Abdelfattah MAO, Sobeh M. Syzygium aqueum (Burm.f.) Alston Prevents Streptozotocin-Induced Pancreatic Beta Cells Damage via the TLR-4 Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:769244. [PMID: 34912223 PMCID: PMC8667316 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.769244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although several treatments are available for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, adverse effects and cost burden impose the search for safe, efficient, and cost-effective alternative herbal remedies. Syzygium aqueum (Burm.f.) Alston, a natural anti-inflammatory, antioxidant herb, may suppress diabetes-associated inflammation and pancreatic beta-cell death. Here, we tested the ability of the bioactive leaf extract (SA) to prevent streptozotocin (STZ)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in pancreatic beta cells in rats and the involvement of the TLR-4 signaling pathway. Non-fasted rats pretreated with 100 or 200 mg kg-1 SA 2 days prior to the STZ challenge and for 14 days later had up to 52 and 39% reduction in the glucose levels, respectively, while glibenclamide, the reference standard drug (0.5 mg kg-1), results in 70% reduction. Treatment with SA extract was accompanied by increased insulin secretion, restoration of Langerhans islets morphology, and decreased collagen deposition as demonstrated from ELISA measurement, H and E, and Mallory staining. Both glibenclamide and SA extract significantly decreased levels of TLR-4, MYD88, pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, and TRAF-6 in pancreatic tissue homogenates, which correlated well with minimal pancreatic inflammatory cell infiltration. Pre-treatment with SA or glibenclamide decreased malondialdehyde, a sensitive biomarker of ROS-induced lipid peroxidation, and restored depleted reduced glutathione in the pancreas. Altogether, these data indicate that S. aqueum is effective in improving STZ-induced pancreatic damage, which could be beneficial in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona F. Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Shimaa Abdelaal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Heba Osama Mohammed
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Assem M. El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Rachid Daoud
- African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | | | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
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Peng ZC, He J, Pan XG, Zhang J, Wang YM, Ye XS, Xia CY, Lian WW, Yan Y, He XL, Zhang WK, Xu JK. Secoiridoid dimers and their biogenetic precursors from the fruits of Cornus officinalis with potential therapeutic effects on type 2 diabetes. Bioorg Chem 2021; 117:105399. [PMID: 34688131 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cornusdiridoid A-F (1-6), six unusual cornuside-morroniside secoiridoid dimers, and their possible new biogenetic precursor, 3″,5″-dehydroxycornuside (7), together with four known secoiridoids (8-11), were obtained from the fruits of Cornus officinalis. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of various spectroscopic and chemical methods. A plausible biosynthetic pathway of compounds 1-11 was proposed. The α-glucosidase inhibitory, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of these isolates were evaluated. Some of them emerged out as potent antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging agents. Molecular docking was also carried out for antidiabetic target α-glucosidase to investigate the possible binding modes of the most potent α-glucosidase inhibitor, vincosamide (9). These results revealed that the secoiridoids from C. officinalis fruits may be served as new potential antidiabetic agents to prevent and treat type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Can Peng
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China; Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Ge Pan
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Zhang
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ming Wang
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Sheng Ye
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong-Yuan Xia
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Wen Lian
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Yan
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Li He
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ku Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences & Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie-Kun Xu
- School of Life Sciences & School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China.
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Talebi M, Talebi M, Farkhondeh T, Simal-Gandara J, Kopustinskiene DM, Bernatoniene J, Pourbagher-Shahri AM, Samarghandian S. Promising Protective Effects of Chrysin in Cardiometabolic Diseases. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 23:458-470. [PMID: 34636295 DOI: 10.2174/1389450122666211005113234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) have a great burden in terms of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The vicious cycle of CMD consists of type II diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, and atherosclerosis interacting and feedbacking each other. The natural flavonoid chrysin has been displayed to own a broad spectrum of therapeutic impacts for human health. Herein, we did an in-depth investigation of the novel mechanisms of chrysin's cardioprotection against cardiometabolic disorder. Studies have shown that chrysin protects the cardiovascular system by enhancing the intrinsic antioxidative defense system. This antioxidant boost by chrysin protects against several risk factors of cardiometabolic disorders including atherosclerosis, vascular inflammation and dysfunction, platelet aggregation, hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiotoxicity, myocardial infarction, injury and remodeling, diabetes-induced injuries, and obesity. Chrysin also exhibited anti-inflammatory mechanisms through inhibiting pro-inflammatory pathways including NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3k/Akt. Furthermore, chrysin modulated NO pathway, RAS system, AGE/RAGE pathway, PPARs pathway which contributed to the risk factors of cardiometabolic disorders. Taken together, the mechanisms in which chrysin protects against cardiometabolic disorder are more than merely antioxidation and anti-inflammation in the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Talebi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381. Iran
| | - Mohsen Talebi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019. United States
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand. Iran
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense. Spain
| | - Dalia M Kopustinskiene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas. Lithuania
| | - Jurga Bernatoniene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas. Lithuania
| | | | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur. Iran
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Mohammad HMF, Abdelghany AA, Al Ageeli E, Kattan SW, Hassan R, Toraih EA, Fawzy MS, Mokhtar N. Long Non-Coding RNAs Gene Variants as Molecular Markers for Diabetic Retinopathy Risk and Response to Anti-VEGF Therapy. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2021; 14:997-1014. [PMID: 34429633 PMCID: PMC8374537 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s322463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play essential roles in molecular diagnosis and therapeutic response in several diseases. Purpose For the first time, we aimed to evaluate the association of four lncRNAs TUG1 (rs7284767G/A), MIAT (rs1061540T/C), MALAT1 (rs3200401C/T), and SENCR (rs12420823C/T) variants with susceptibility to diabetic retinopathy (DR), disease severity, and early therapeutic response to intravitreous anti-vascular endothelial growth factor aflibercept therapy. Patients and Methods This case-control study enrolled 126 adult patients with type 2 diabetes. TaqMan assays using Real-Time PCR were run for genotyping. Multivariable regression analyses were applied to assess the role of each polymorphism after the adjustment of covariates. Results Carriers of TUG1 A/G and MIAT T/C and C/C genotypes were more likely to develop DR [OR=3.15 (95% CI=1.15–8.64), and OR=4.31 (95% CI=1.78–10.47)], while MALAT1 T/C conferred protection (OR=0.40, 95% CI=0.16–0.99). For TUG1, MALAT1, MIAT, and SENCR genotype combinations, GTCT and GCCC had a higher disease risk (P=0.012). For disease severity, MIAT T/T homozygosity was associated with higher DR grade [33.3% (T/T) vs 10% (C/C) and 4.2% (C/T) carriers, P=0.012]. Otherwise, patients with the SENCR T variant exhibited better pre-treatment best-corrected visual acuity level (p=0.021). Following aflibercept administration, carrying the TUG1 A or MIAT T/C was associated with a poor therapeutic response (OR=5.02, 95% CI=1.60–15.76, and OR=10.23, 95% CI=1.51–69.15, respectively). Conclusion The lncRNAs TUG1 (rs7284767G/A) and MIAT (rs1061540T/C) were associated with increased DR susceptibility and poor response to aflibercept treatment, while MALAT1 (rs3200401C/T) conferred protection to DR. These genetic determinants could be useful in DR risk stratification and pharmacogenetics after validation in large-scale studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala M F Mohammad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.,Central Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine (CEMCM), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Abdelghany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Essam Al Ageeli
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry (Medical Genetics), Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahad W Kattan
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ranya Hassan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Eman A Toraih
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Manal S Fawzy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naglaa Mokhtar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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46
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Ergun-Longmire B, Clemente E, Vining-Maravolo P, Roberts C, Buth K, Greydanus DE. Diabetes education in pediatrics: How to survive diabetes. Dis Mon 2021; 67:101153. [PMID: 33541707 DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2021.101153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is the most common abnormal carbohydrate metabolism disorder affecting millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by hyperglycemia as a result of ß-cell destruction or dysfunction by both genetic and environmental factors. Over time chronic hyperglycemia leads to microvascular (i.e., retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy) and macrovascular (i.e., ischemic heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease) complications of diabetes. Diabetes complication trials showed the importance of achieving near-normal glycemic control to prevent and/or reduce diabetes-related morbidity and mortality. There is a staggering rate of increased incidence of diabetes in youth, raising concerns for future generations' health, quality of life and its enormous economic burden. Despite advancements in the technology, diabetes management remains cumbersome. Training individuals with diabetes to gain life-long survival skills requires a comprehensive and ongoing diabetes education by a multidisciplinary team. Diabetes education and training start at the time of diagnosis of diabetes and should be continuous throughout the course of disease. The goal is to empower the individuals and families to gain diabetes self-management skills. Diabetes education must be individualized depending on the individual's age, education, family dynamics, and support. In this article, we review the history of diabetes, etiopathogenesis and clinical presentation of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes in children as well as adolescents. We then focus on diabetes management with education methods and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berrin Ergun-Longmire
- Associate Professor, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University, Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA.
| | - Ethel Clemente
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University, Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Patricia Vining-Maravolo
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University, Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Cheryl Roberts
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University, Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Koby Buth
- Western Michigan University, Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Donald E Greydanus
- Professor, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University, Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI United States
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