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Gebru NT, Guergues J, Verdina LA, Wohlfahrt J, Wang S, Armendariz DS, Gray M, Beaulieu-Abdelahad D, Stevens SM, Gulick D, Blair LJ. Fkbp5 gene deletion: Circadian rhythm profile and brain proteomics in aged mice. Aging Cell 2024:e14314. [PMID: 39225086 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
FKBP51, also known as FK506-binding protein 51, is a molecular chaperone and scaffolding protein with significant roles in regulating hormone signaling and responding to stress. Genetic variants in FKBP5, which encodes FKBP51, have been implicated in a growing number of neuropsychiatric disorders, which has spurred efforts to target FKBP51 therapeutically. However, the molecular mechanisms and sub-anatomical regions influenced by FKBP51 in these disorders are not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to examine the impact of Fkbp5 ablation using circadian phenotyping and molecular analyses. Our findings revealed that the lack of FKBP51 did not significantly alter circadian rhythms, as detected by wheel-running activity, but did offer protection against stress-mediated disruptions in rhythmicity in a sex-dependent manner. Protein changes in Fkbp5 KO mice, as measured by histology and proteomics, revealed alterations in a brain region- and sex-dependent manner. Notably, regardless of sex, aged Fkbp5 KOs showed elevated MYCBP2, FBXO45, and SPRYD3 levels, which are associated with neuronal-cell adhesion and synaptic integrity. Additionally, pathways such as serotonin receptor signaling and S100 family signaling were differentially regulated in Fkbp5 KO mice. Weighted protein correlation network analysis identified protein networks linked with synaptic transmission and neuroinflammation. The information generated by this work can be used to better understand the molecular changes in the brain during aging and in the absence of Fkbp5, which has implications for the continued development of FKBP51-focused therapeutics for stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niat T Gebru
- Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jennifer Guergues
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Laura A Verdina
- Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jessica Wohlfahrt
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Shuai Wang
- Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Debra S Armendariz
- Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Marsilla Gray
- Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - David Beaulieu-Abdelahad
- Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Stanley M Stevens
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Danielle Gulick
- Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Laura J Blair
- Byrd Alzheimer's Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Research and Development, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, Florida, USA
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2
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Debs SR, Rothmond DA, Zhu Y, Weickert CS, Purves-Tyson TD. Molecular evidence of altered stress responsivity related to neuroinflammation in the schizophrenia midbrain. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 177:118-128. [PMID: 39004003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Stress and inflammation are risk factors for schizophrenia. Chronic psychosocial stress is associated with subcortical hyperdopaminergia, a core feature of schizophrenia. Hyperdopaminergia arises from midbrain neurons, leading us to hypothesise that changes in stress response pathways may occur in this region. To identify whether transcriptional changes in glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors (NR3C1/GR, NR3C2/MR) or other stress signalling molecules (FKBP4, FKBP5) exist in schizophrenia midbrain, we measured gene expression in the human brain (N = 56) using qRT-PCR. We assessed whether alterations in these mRNAs were related to previously identified high/low inflammatory status. We investigated relationships between stress-related transcripts themselves, and between FKBP5 mRNA, dopaminergic, and glial cell transcripts in diagnostic and inflammatory subgroups. Though unchanged by diagnosis, GR mRNA levels were reduced in high inflammatory compared to low inflammatory schizophrenia cases (p = 0.026). We found no effect of diagnosis or inflammation on MR mRNA. FKBP4 mRNA was decreased and FKBP5 mRNA was increased in schizophrenia (p < 0.05). FKBP5 changes occurred in high inflammatory (p < 0.001), whereas FKBP4 changes occurred in low inflammatory schizophrenia cases (p < 0.05). The decrease in mRNA encoding the main stress receptor (GR), as well as increased transcript levels of the stress-responsive negative regulator (FKBP5), may combine to blunt the midbrain response to stress in schizophrenia when neuroinflammation is present. Negative correlations between FKBP5 mRNA and dopaminergic transcripts in the low inflammatory subgroup suggest higher levels of FKBP5 mRNA may also attenuate dopaminergic neurotransmission in schizophrenia even when inflammation is absent. We report alterations in GR-mediated stress signalling in the midbrain in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie R Debs
- Preclinical Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, 2031, Australia; Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Debora A Rothmond
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, 2031, Australia
| | - Yunting Zhu
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, 2031, Australia; Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia; Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Tertia D Purves-Tyson
- Preclinical Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, 2031, Australia; Discipline of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia.
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3
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Irizarry-Méndez N, Criado-Marrero M, Hernandez A, Colón M, Porter JT. Reducing FKBP51 Expression in the Ventral Hippocampus Decreases Auditory Fear Conditioning in Male Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7097. [PMID: 39000204 PMCID: PMC11241630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Fear conditioning evokes a physiologic release of glucocorticoids that assists learning. As a cochaperone in the glucocorticoid receptor complex, FKBP51 modulates stress-induced glucocorticoid signaling and may influence conditioned fear responses. This study combines molecular and behavioral approaches to examine whether locally reducing FKBP51 expression in the ventral hippocampus is sufficient to affect fear-related behaviors. We hypothesized that reducing FKBP51 expression in the VH would increase glucocorticoid signaling to alter auditory fear conditioning. Adult male rats were injected with an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector expressing short hairpin - RNAs (shRNA) targeting FKBP5 into the ventral hippocampus to reduce FKBP5 levels or a control AAV. Infusion of FKBP5-shRNA into the ventral hippocampus decreased auditory fear acquisition and recall. Although animals injected with FKBP5-shRNA showed less freezing during extinction recall, the difference was due to a reduced fear recall rather than improved extinction. Reducing ventral hippocampus FKBP51 did not affect exploratory behavior in either the open field test or the elevated zero maze test but did increase passive behavior in the forced swim test, suggesting that the reduction in auditory fear recall was not due to more active responses to acute stress. Furthermore, lower ventral hippocampus FKBP51 levels did not alter corticosterone release in response to restraint stress, suggesting that the reduced fear recall was not due to lower corticosterone release. Our findings suggest FKBP51 in the ventral hippocampus plays a selective role in modulating fear-learning processes and passive behavioral responses to acute stress rather than hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity or exploratory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashaly Irizarry-Méndez
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce 00716, Puerto Rico; (N.I.-M.)
| | | | - Anixa Hernandez
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce 00716, Puerto Rico; (N.I.-M.)
| | - Maria Colón
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce 00716, Puerto Rico; (N.I.-M.)
| | - James T. Porter
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce 00716, Puerto Rico; (N.I.-M.)
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4
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Nagpal J, Eachus H, Lityagina O, Ryu S. Optogenetic induction of chronic glucocorticoid exposure in early-life leads to blunted stress-response in larval zebrafish. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:3134-3146. [PMID: 38602078 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Early life stress (ELS) exposure alters stress susceptibility in later life and affects vulnerability to stress-related disorders, but how ELS changes the long-lasting responsiveness of the stress system is not well understood. Zebrafish provides an opportunity to study conserved mechanisms underlying the development and function of the stress response that is regulated largely by the neuroendocrine hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal/interrenal (HPA/I) axis, with glucocorticoids (GC) as the final effector. In this study, we established a method to chronically elevate endogenous GC levels during early life in larval zebrafish. To this end, we employed an optogenetic actuator, beggiatoa photoactivated adenylyl cyclase, specifically expressed in the interrenal cells of zebrafish and demonstrate that its chronic activation leads to hypercortisolaemia and dampens the acute-stress evoked cortisol levels, across a variety of stressor modalities during early life. This blunting of stress-response was conserved in ontogeny at a later developmental stage. Furthermore, we observe a strong reduction of proopiomelanocortin (pomc)-expression in the pituitary as well as upregulation of fkbp5 gene expression. Going forward, we propose that this model can be leveraged to tease apart the mechanisms underlying developmental programming of the HPA/I axis by early-life GC exposure and its implications for vulnerability and resilience to stress in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatin Nagpal
- University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- APC Microbiome Ireland and School of Pharmacy and Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Helen Eachus
- Living Systems Institute & Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Olga Lityagina
- University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Soojin Ryu
- University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Living Systems Institute & Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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5
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Kremer TL, Chen J, Buhl A, Berhe O, Bilek E, Geiger-Primo L, Ma R, Moessnang C, Reichert M, Reinhard I, Schwarz K, Schweiger JI, Streit F, Witt SH, Zang Z, Zhang X, Noethen MM, Rietschel M, Ebner-Priemer UW, Schwarz E, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Braun U, Tost H. Multimodal Associations of FKBP5 Methylation with Emotion-Regulatory Brain Circuits. Biol Psychiatry 2024:S0006-3223(24)01141-7. [PMID: 38460581 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the biological processes underlying individual differences in emotion regulation and stress responsivity is a key challenge for translational neuroscience. The gene FKBP5 is a core regulator in molecular stress signaling that is implicated in the development of psychiatric disorders. Yet it remains unclear how FKBP5 DNA methylation (DNAm) in peripheral blood relates to individual differences in measures of neural structure and function, and their relevance to daily-life stress responsivity. METHODS Here, we characterize multimodal correlates of FKBP5 DNAm by combining epigenetic data with neuroimaging and Ambulatory Assessment in a sample of 395 healthy individuals. RESULTS First, we show that FKBP5 demethylation as a psychiatric risk factor relates to an anxiety-associated reduction of gray matter volume in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), a brain area that is involved in emotion regulation and mental health risk and resilience. This effect of epigenetic upregulation of FKBP5 on neuronal structure is more pronounced where FKBP5 is epigenetically downregulated at baseline. Leveraging 208 functional MRI scans during a well-established emotion processing task we find that FKBP5 DNAm in peripheral blood is associated with functional difference of prefrontal-limbic circuits modulating affective responsivity to daily stressors, which we measured using ecological momentary assessment in daily life. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we demonstrate how FKBP5 contributes to interindividual differences in neural and real-life affect regulation via structural and functional changes in prefrontal-limbic brain circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Kremer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Junfang Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Current address: Center for Intelligent Medicine Research, Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anais Buhl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Oksana Berhe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Edda Bilek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lena Geiger-Primo
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ren Ma
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolin Moessnang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Current address: Faculty for Applied Psychology, SRH University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Reichert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Mental mHealth Lab, Chair of Applied Psychology, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany; Department of eHealth and Sports Analytics, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Iris Reinhard
- Department of Biostatistics, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kristina Schwarz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Current address: Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Janina I Schweiger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Fabian Streit
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stephanie H Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Zhenxiang Zang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Current address: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Markus M Noethen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ulrich W Ebner-Priemer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Mental mHealth Lab, Chair of Applied Psychology, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Emanuel Schwarz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Urs Braun
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Heike Tost
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
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6
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Wang L, Wojcieszak J, Kumar R, Zhao Z, Sun X, Xie S, Winblad B, Pavlov PF. FKBP51-Hsp90 Interaction-Deficient Mice Exhibit Altered Endocrine Stress Response and Sex Differences Under High-Fat Diet. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1479-1494. [PMID: 37726498 PMCID: PMC10896785 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03627-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
FK506-binding protein 51 kDa (FKBP51), encoded by Fkbp5 gene, gained considerable attention as an important regulator of several aspects of human biology including stress response, metabolic dysfunction, inflammation, and age-dependent neurodegeneration. Its catalytic peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (PPIase) activity is mediated by the N-terminal FK506-binding (FK1) domain, whereas the C-terminal tetratricopeptide motif (TPR) domain is responsible for FKBP51 interaction with molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). To understand FKBP51-related biology, several mouse models have been created. These include Fkbp5 complete and conditional knockouts, overexpression, and humanized models. To dissect the role of FKBP51-Hsp90 interaction in FKBP51 biology, we have created an interaction-deficient mouse (Fkbp5TPRmut) by introducing two-point mutations in the TPR domain of FKBP51. FKBP51-Hsp90 interaction-deficient mice are viable, fertile and show Mendelian inheritance. Intracellular association of FKBP51 with Hsp90 is significantly reduced in homozygous mutants compared to wild-type animals. No behavioral differences between genotypes were seen at 2 months of age, however, sex-dependent differences were detected in Y-maze and fear conditioning tests at the age of 12 months. Moreover, we have found a significant reduction in plasma levels of corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone in Fkbp5TPRmut mice after acute stress. In contrast to Fkbp5 knockout mice, females of Fkbp5TPRmut showed increased body weight gain under high-fat diet treatment. Our data confirm the importance of FKBP51-Hsp90 interactions for stress-related endocrine signaling. Also, Fkbp5TPRmut mice can serve as a useful in vivo tool to discriminate between Hsp90-dependent and independent functions of FKBP51.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, 17164, Solna, Sweden
| | - Jakub Wojcieszak
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, 17164, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lodz, 90151, Lodz, Poland
| | - Rajnish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), 221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, 17164, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Xuelian Sun
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, 17164, Solna, Sweden
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaoxun Xie
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, 17164, Solna, Sweden
| | - Bengt Winblad
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, 17164, Solna, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, 14186, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Pavel F Pavlov
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Neurogeriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, 17164, Solna, Sweden.
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Geiger TM, Walz M, Meyners C, Kuehn A, Dreizler JK, Sugiarto WO, Maciel EVS, Zheng M, Lermyte F, Hausch F. Discovery of a Potent Proteolysis Targeting Chimera Enables Targeting the Scaffolding Functions of FK506-Binding Protein 51 (FKBP51). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202309706. [PMID: 37942685 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51) is a promising target in a variety of disorders including depression, chronic pain, and obesity. Previous FKBP51-targeting strategies were restricted to occupation of the FK506-binding site, which does not affect core functions of FKBP51. Here, we report the discovery of the first FKBP51 proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) that enables degradation of FKBP51 abolishing its scaffolding function. Initial synthesis of 220 FKBP-focused PROTACs yielded a plethora of active PROTACs for FKBP12, six for FKBP51, and none for FKBP52. Structural analysis of a binary FKBP12:PROTAC complex revealed the molecular basis for negative cooperativity. Linker-based optimization of first generation FKBP51 PROTACs led to the PROTAC SelDeg51 with improved cellular activity, selectivity, and high cooperativity. The structure of the ternary FKBP51:SelDeg51:VCB complex revealed how SelDeg51 establishes cooperativity by dimerizing FKBP51 and the von Hippel-Lindau protein (VHL) in a glue-like fashion. SelDeg51 efficiently depletes FKBP51 and reactivates glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-signalling, highlighting the enhanced efficacy of full protein degradation compared to classical FKBP51 binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Geiger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael Walz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christian Meyners
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Angela Kuehn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Johannes K Dreizler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Wisely O Sugiarto
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Edvaldo V S Maciel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Min Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Frederik Lermyte
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Felix Hausch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Straße 4, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
- Centre for Synthetic Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64283, Darmstadt, Germany
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8
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Traetta ME, Chaves Filho AM, Akinluyi ET, Tremblay MÈ. Neurodevelopmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 37:457-495. [PMID: 39207708 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
This chapter will focus on microglial involvement in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia and major depressive disorder (MDD). We will describe the neuroimmune risk factors that contribute to the etiopathology of these disorders across the lifespan, including both in early life and adulthood. Microglia, being the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, could play a key role in triggering and determining the outcome of these disorders. This chapter will review preclinical and clinical findings where microglial morphology and function were examined in the contexts of ASD, schizophrenia and MDD. Clinical evidence points out to altered microglial morphology and reactivity, as well as increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, supporting the idea that microglial abnormalities are involved in these disorders. Indeed, animal models for these disorders found altered microglial morphology and homeostatic functions which resulted in behaviours related to these disorders. Additionally, as microglia have emerged as promising therapeutic targets, we will also address in this chapter therapies involving microglial mechanisms for the treatment of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elizabeth Toyin Akinluyi
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
- Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
- Axe Neurosciences, Center de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
- Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health (IALH), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.
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9
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Baischew A, Engel S, Taubert MC, Geiger TM, Hausch F. Large-scale, in-cell photocrosslinking at single-residue resolution reveals the molecular basis for glucocorticoid receptor regulation by immunophilins. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2023; 30:1857-1866. [PMID: 37945739 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-023-01098-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The Hsp90 co-chaperones FKBP51 and FKBP52 play key roles in steroid-hormone-receptor regulation, stress-related disorders, and sexual embryonic development. As a prominent target, glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling is repressed by FKBP51 and potentiated by FKBP52, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we present the architecture and functional annotation of FKBP51-, FKBP52-, and p23-containing Hsp90-apo-GR pre-activation complexes, trapped by systematic incorporation of photoreactive amino acids inside human cells. The identified crosslinking sites clustered in characteristic patterns, depended on Hsp90, and were disrupted by GR activation. GR binding to the FKBPFK1, but not the FKBPFK2, domain was modulated by FKBP ligands, explaining the lack of GR derepression by certain classes of FKBP ligands. Our findings show how FKBPs differentially interact with apo-GR, help to explain the differentiated pharmacology of FKBP51 ligands, and provide a structural basis for the development of improved FKBP ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asat Baischew
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sarah Engel
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Martha C Taubert
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Thomas M Geiger
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Felix Hausch
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.
- Centre for Synthetic Biology, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.
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10
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Hu P, Wang Y, Qi XH, Shan QH, Huang ZH, Chen P, Ma X, Yang YP, Swaab DF, Samuels BA, Zhang Z, Zhou JN. SIRT1 in the BNST modulates chronic stress-induced anxiety of male mice via FKBP5 and corticotropin-releasing factor signaling. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:5101-5117. [PMID: 37386058 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02144-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Although clinical reports have highlighted association of the deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) gene with anxiety, its exact role in the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders remains unclear. The present study was designed to explore whether and how SIRT1 in the mouse bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), a key limbic hub region, regulates anxiety. In a chronic stress model to induce anxiety in male mice, we used site- and cell-type-specific in vivo and in vitro manipulations, protein analysis, electrophysiological and behavioral analysis, in vivo MiniScope calcium imaging and mass spectroscopy, to characterize possible mechanism underlying a novel anxiolytic role for SIRT1 in the BNST. Specifically, decreased SIRT1 in parallel with increased corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) expression was found in the BNST of anxiety model mice, whereas pharmacological activation or local overexpression of SIRT1 in the BNST reversed chronic stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors, downregulated CRF upregulation, and normalized CRF neuronal hyperactivity. Mechanistically, SIRT1 enhanced glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-mediated CRF transcriptional repression through directly interacting with and deacetylating the GR co-chaperone FKBP5 to induce its dissociation from the GR, ultimately downregulating CRF. Together, this study unravels an important cellular and molecular mechanism highlighting an anxiolytic role for SIRT1 in the mouse BNST, which may open up new therapeutic avenues for treating stress-related anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Hu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, PR China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Xiu-Hong Qi
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, PR China
| | - Qing-Hong Shan
- Institute of Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Zhao-Huan Huang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Brain-inspired Intelligence Technology and Application, School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Institute of Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, PR China
| | - Yu-Peng Yang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, PR China
| | - Dick F Swaab
- Department of Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin A Samuels
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, PR China
| | - Jiang-Ning Zhou
- Institute of Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200072, PR China.
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11
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Anderson JS, LeMaster DM, Hernández G. Transient conformations in the unliganded FK506 binding domain of FKBP51 correspond to two distinct inhibitor-bound states. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105159. [PMID: 37579948 PMCID: PMC10514456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the FK506-binding protein (FKBP) family regulate a range of important physiological processes. Unfortunately, current therapeutics such as FK506 and rapamycin exhibit only modest selectivity among these functionally distinct proteins. Recent progress in developing selective inhibitors has been reported for FKBP51 and FKBP52, which act as mutual antagonists in the regulation of steroid hormone signaling. Two structurally similar inhibitors yield distinct protein conformations at the binding site. Localized conformational transition in the binding site of the unliganded FK1 domain of FKBP51 is suppressed by a K58T mutation that also suppresses the binding of these inhibitors. Here, it is shown that the changes in amide hydrogen exchange kinetics arising from this K58T substitution are largely localized to this structural region. Accurate determination of the hydroxide-catalyzed exchange rate constants in both the wildtype and K58T variant proteins impose strong constraints upon the pattern of amide exchange reactivities within either a single or a pair of transient conformations that could give rise to the differences between these two sets of measured rate constants. Poisson-Boltzmann continuum dielectric calculations provide moderately accurate predictions of the structure-dependent hydrogen exchange reactivity for solvent-exposed protein backbone amides. Applying such calculations to the local protein conformations observed in the two inhibitor-bound FKBP51 domains demonstrated that the experimentally determined exchange rate constants for the wildtype domain are robustly predicted by a population-weighted sum of the experimental hydrogen exchange reactivity of the K58T variant and the predicted exchange reactivities in model conformations derived from the two inhibitor-bound protein structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet S Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Union College, Schenectady, New York, USA
| | - David M LeMaster
- New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Griselda Hernández
- New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, Albany, New York, USA.
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12
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Tevosian M, Todorov H, Lomazzo E, Bindila L, Ueda N, Bassetti D, Warm D, Kirischuk S, Luhmann HJ, Gerber S, Lutz B. NAPE-PLD deletion in stress-TRAPed neurons results in an anxiogenic phenotype. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:152. [PMID: 37149657 PMCID: PMC10164145 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02448-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Anandamide (AEA) is an endogenous ligand of the cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors, being a component of the endocannabinoid signaling system, which supports the maintenance or regaining of neural homeostasis upon internal and external challenges. AEA is thought to play a protective role against the development of pathological states after prolonged stress exposure, including depression and generalized anxiety disorder. Here, we used the chronic social defeat (CSD) stress as an ethologically valid model of chronic stress in male mice. We characterized a genetically modified mouse line where AEA signaling was reduced by deletion of the gene encoding the AEA synthesizing enzyme N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine-hydrolyzing phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD) specifically in neurons activated at the time of CSD stress. One week after the stress, the phenotype was assessed in behavioral tests and by molecular analyses. We found that NAPE-PLD deficiency in neurons activated during the last three days of CSD stress led to an increased anxiety-like behavior. Investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenotype may suggest three main altered pathways to be affected: (i) desensitization of the negative feedback loop of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, (ii) disinhibition of the amygdala by the prefrontal cortex, and (iii) altered neuroplasticity in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaryta Tevosian
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Hristo Todorov
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ermelinda Lomazzo
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Laura Bindila
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Natsuo Ueda
- Department of Biochemistry, Kagawa University School of Medicine, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Davide Bassetti
- Department of Mathematics, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Davide Warm
- Institute of Physiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sergei Kirischuk
- Institute of Physiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heiko J Luhmann
- Institute of Physiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Susanne Gerber
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Beat Lutz
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany.
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13
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Buffa V, Knaup FH, Heymann T, Springer M, Schmidt MV, Hausch F. Analysis of the Selective Antagonist SAFit2 as a Chemical Probe for the FK506-Binding Protein 51. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:361-371. [PMID: 36926456 PMCID: PMC10012253 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51) has emerged as an important regulator of the mammalian stress response and is involved in persistent pain states and metabolic pathways. The FK506 analog SAFit2 (short for selective antagonist of FKBP51 by induced fit) was the first potent and selective FKBP51 ligand with an acceptable pharmacokinetic profile. At present, SAFit2 represents the gold standard for FKBP51 pharmacology and has been extensively used in numerous biological studies. Here we review the current knowledge on SAFit2 as well as guidelines for its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Buffa
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Fabian H. Knaup
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Tim Heymann
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Margherita Springer
- Research
Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias V. Schmidt
- Research
Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Hausch
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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14
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Gebru NT, Hill SE, Blair LJ. Genetically engineered mouse models of FK506-binding protein 5. J Cell Biochem 2023:10.1002/jcb.30374. [PMID: 36780339 PMCID: PMC10423308 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP51) is a molecular chaperone that influences stress response. In addition to having an integral role in the regulation of steroid hormone receptors, including glucocorticoid receptor, FKBP51 has been linked with several biological processes including metabolism and neuronal health. Genetic and epigenetic alterations in the gene that encodes FKBP51, FKBP5, are associated with increased susceptibility to multiple neuropsychiatric disorders, which has fueled much of the research on this protein. Because of the complexity of these processes, animal models have been important in understanding the role of FKBP51. This review examines each of the current mouse models of FKBP5, which include whole animal knockout, conditional knockout, overexpression, and humanized mouse models. The generation of each model and observational details are discussed, including behavioral phenotypes, molecular changes, and electrophysiological alterations basally and following various challenges. While much has been learned through these models, there are still many aspects of FKBP51 biology that remain opaque and future studies are needed to help illuminate these current gaps in knowledge. Overall, FKBP5 continues to be an exciting potential target for stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niat T. Gebru
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Institute, University of South Florida, 4001 E. Fletcher Ave. Tampa, Florida 33613, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, 4001 E. Fletcher Ave. Tampa, Florida 33613, United States
| | - Shannon E. Hill
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Institute, University of South Florida, 4001 E. Fletcher Ave. Tampa, Florida 33613, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, 4001 E. Fletcher Ave. Tampa, Florida 33613, United States
| | - Laura J. Blair
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Institute, University of South Florida, 4001 E. Fletcher Ave. Tampa, Florida 33613, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, 4001 E. Fletcher Ave. Tampa, Florida 33613, United States
- Research Service, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, 13000 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
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15
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Li A, Zhao Q, Chen L, Li Z. Apelin/APJ system: an emerging therapeutic target for neurological diseases. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1639-1653. [PMID: 36378421 PMCID: PMC9665010 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08075-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Apelin, an endogenous ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor APJ, is extensively expressed in various systems, especially the nervous system. This article reviews the role of apelin/APJ system in neurological diseases. In detail, apelin/APJ system can relieve acute brain injury including subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, and ischemic stroke. Also, apelin/APJ system has therapeutic effects on chronic neurodegenerative disease models, involving the regulation of neurotrophic factors, neuroendocrine, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis, and autophagy. In addition, through different routes of administration, apelin/APJ system has a biphasic effect on depression, epilepsy, and pain. However, apelin/APJ system exacerbates the proliferation and invasion of glioblastoma. Thus, apelin/APJ system is expected to be a therapeutic target for the treatment of nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Li
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Linxi Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhiyue Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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16
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Abdulghani A, Poghosyan M, Mehren A, Philipsen A, Anderzhanova E. Neuroplasticity to autophagy cross-talk in a therapeutic effect of physical exercises and irisin in ADHD. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 15:997054. [PMID: 36776770 PMCID: PMC9909442 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.997054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptive neuroplasticity is a pivotal mechanism for healthy brain development and maintenance, as well as its restoration in disease- and age-associated decline. Management of mental disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) needs interventions stimulating adaptive neuroplasticity, beyond conventional psychopharmacological treatments. Physical exercises are proposed for the management of ADHD, and also depression and aging because of evoked brain neuroplasticity. Recent progress in understanding the mechanisms of muscle-brain cross-talk pinpoints the role of the myokine irisin in the mediation of pro-cognitive and antidepressant activity of physical exercises. In this review, we discuss how irisin, which is released in the periphery as well as derived from brain cells, may interact with the mechanisms of cellular autophagy to provide protein recycling and regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling via glia-mediated control of BDNF maturation, and, therefore, support neuroplasticity. We propose that the neuroplasticity associated with physical exercises is mediated in part by irisin-triggered autophagy. Since the recent findings give objectives to consider autophagy-stimulating intervention as a prerequisite for successful therapy of psychiatric disorders, irisin appears as a prototypic molecule that can activate autophagy with therapeutic goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alhasan Abdulghani
- C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Henrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,*Correspondence: Alhasan Abdulghani,
| | - Mikayel Poghosyan
- Institute for Biology-Neurobiology, Freie University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aylin Mehren
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexandra Philipsen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Elmira Anderzhanova
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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17
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Lerma Romero JA, Meyners C, Rupp N, Hausch F, Kolmar H. A protein engineering approach toward understanding FKBP51 conformational dynamics and mechanisms of ligand binding. Protein Eng Des Sel 2023; 36:gzad014. [PMID: 37903068 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzad014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Most proteins are flexible molecules that coexist in an ensemble of several conformations. Point mutations in the amino acid sequence of a protein can trigger structural changes that drive the protein population to a conformation distinct from the native state. Here, we report a protein engineering approach to better understand protein dynamics and ligand binding of the FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51), a prospective target for stress-related diseases, metabolic disorders, some types of cancers and chronic pain. By randomizing selected regions of its ligand-binding domain and sorting yeast display libraries expressing these variants, mutants with high affinity to conformation-specific FKBP51 selective ligands were identified. These improved mutants are valuable tools for the discovery of novel selective ligands that preferentially and specifically bind the FKBP51 active site in its open conformation state. Moreover, they will help us understand the conformational dynamics and ligand binding mechanics of the FKBP51 binding pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A Lerma Romero
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Christian Meyners
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Nicole Rupp
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Felix Hausch
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
- Centre for Synthetic Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
- Centre for Synthetic Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
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18
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Khan SU, Jannat S, Shaukat H, Unab S, Tanzeela, Akram M, Khan Khattak MN, Soto MV, Khan MF, Ali A, Rizvi SSR. Stress Induced Cortisol Release Depresses The Secretion of Testosterone in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes 2023; 16:11795514221145841. [PMID: 36636127 PMCID: PMC9830570 DOI: 10.1177/11795514221145841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Both hormonal and genetic data reveal that the stress hormone cortisol and its regulating genes may affect the level of testosterone in humans. It is uncertain whether type 2 diabetes mellitus would manifest similarly. Furthermore, a genetic strategy to screen out the stress system genes that may contribute to testosterone decline in humans is less understood. Objectives In this study, we aimed to elucidate the link between stress and testosterone levels, both hormonally and genetically. Method This study comprised 37 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 50 healthy individuals. For the analysis of hormones and the targeted genes, we used the RIA system and bioinformatics expertise. Results The patients had significantly elevated cortisol and lower testosterone readings, according to data from hormonal analyses. The bioinformatics approach reveals that SHBG was intracellularly suppressed by 2 defined stress system genes: FKB5 and CYP17. TCF4/TCF8, ATRX, and AR in skeletal muscle were inversely related to stress system genes. Furthermore, all testosterone regulated genes were positively linked with SHBG in the current study. A strong relationship between GNAS and PKA with CYP17 and FKBP5 reveals that the Gαs-cAMP/PKA signaling pathway may be one of the regulatory pathways through which the suppression of testosterone system genes happens. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that beyond stress, the key stress system genes might affect cortisol levels, which in turn affect testosterone figures via the Gαs-cAMP/PKA signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safir Ullah Khan
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- Departments of Cell Biology Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
- Departments of Biology Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Saba Jannat
- Department of Zoology, Women University Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - Hadia Shaukat
- Department of Zoology, Women University Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - Shiza Unab
- Department of Zoology, University of Mianwali, Mianwali, Pakistan
| | - Tanzeela
- Department of Zoology, Women University Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - Maleeha Akram
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | - Monica Vizcara Soto
- Departments of Cell Biology Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Amir Ali
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Program, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Syed Shakeel Raza Rizvi
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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19
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Ortiz NR, Guy N, Garcia YA, Sivils JC, Galigniana MD, Cox MB. Functions of the Hsp90-Binding FKBP Immunophilins. Subcell Biochem 2023; 101:41-80. [PMID: 36520303 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-14740-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The Hsp90 chaperone is known to interact with a diverse array of client proteins. However, in every case examined, Hsp90 is also accompanied by a single or several co-chaperone proteins. One class of co-chaperone contains a tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain that targets the co-chaperone to the C-terminal region of Hsp90. Within this class are Hsp90-binding peptidylprolyl isomerases, most of which belong to the FK506-binding protein (FKBP) family. Despite the common association of FKBP co-chaperones with Hsp90, it is abundantly clear that the client protein influences, and is often influenced by, the particular FKBP bound to Hsp90. Examples include Xap2 in aryl hydrocarbon receptor complexes and FKBP52 in steroid receptor complexes. In this chapter, we discuss the known functional roles played by FKBP co-chaperones and, where possible, relate distinctive functions to structural differences between FKBP members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina R Ortiz
- Border Biomedical Research Center and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Naihsuan Guy
- Border Biomedical Research Center and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Yenni A Garcia
- Border Biomedical Research Center and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Sivils
- Border Biomedical Research Center and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Mario D Galigniana
- Departamento de Química Biológica/IQUIBICEN, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marc B Cox
- Border Biomedical Research Center and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.
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20
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Galigniana NM, Ruiz MC, Piwien-Pilipuk G. FK506 binding protein 51: Its role in the adipose organ and beyond. J Cell Biochem 2022. [PMID: 36502528 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
There is a great body of evidence that the adipose organ plays a central role in the control not only of energy balance, but importantly, in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis. Interest in the study of different aspects of its physiology grew in the last decades due to the pandemic of obesity and the consequences of metabolic syndrome. It was not until recently that the first evidence for the role of the high molecular weight immunophilin FK506 binding protein (FKBP) 51 in the process of adipocyte differentiation have been described. Since then, many new facets have been discovered of this stress-responsive FKBP51 as a central node for precise coordination of many cell functions, as shown for nuclear steroid receptors, autophagy, signaling pathways as Akt, p38 MAPK, and GSK3, as well as for insulin signaling and the control of glucose homeostasis. Thus, the aim of this review is to integrate and discuss the recent advances in the understanding of the many roles of FKBP51 in the adipose organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia M Galigniana
- Laboratory of Nuclear Architecture, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marina C Ruiz
- Laboratory of Nuclear Architecture, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Graciela Piwien-Pilipuk
- Laboratory of Nuclear Architecture, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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21
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Codagnone MG, Kara N, Ratsika A, Levone BR, van de Wouw M, Tan LA, Cunningham JI, Sanchez C, Cryan JF, O'Leary OF. Inhibition of FKBP51 induces stress resilience and alters hippocampal neurogenesis. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:4928-4938. [PMID: 36104438 PMCID: PMC9763121 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01755-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Stress-related psychiatric disorders such as depression are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Considering that many individuals fail to respond to currently available antidepressant drugs, there is a need for antidepressants with novel mechanisms. Polymorphisms in the gene encoding FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51), a co-chaperone of the glucocorticoid receptor, have been linked to susceptibility to stress-related psychiatric disorders. Whether this protein can be targeted for their treatment remains largely unexplored. The aim of this work was to investigate whether inhibition of FKBP51 with SAFit2, a novel selective inhibitor, promotes hippocampal neuron outgrowth and neurogenesis in vitro and stress resilience in vivo in a mouse model of chronic psychosocial stress. Primary hippocampal neuronal cultures or hippocampal neural progenitor cells (NPCs) were treated with SAFit2 and neuronal differentiation and cell proliferation were analyzed. Male C57BL/6 mice were administered SAFit2 while concurrently undergoing a chronic stress paradigm comprising of intermittent social defeat and overcrowding, and anxiety and depressive -related behaviors were evaluated. SAFit2 increased neurite outgrowth and number of branch points to a greater extent than brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in primary hippocampal neuronal cultures. SAFit2 increased hippocampal NPC neurogenesis and increased neurite complexity and length of these differentiated neurons. In vivo, chronic SAFit2 administration prevented stress-induced social avoidance, decreased anxiety in the novelty-induced hypophagia test, and prevented stress-induced anxiety in the open field but did not alter adult hippocampal neurogenesis in stressed animals. These data warrant further exploration of inhibition of FKBP51 as a strategy to treat stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin G Codagnone
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia "de Robertis" IBCN (UBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nirit Kara
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Anna Ratsika
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Brunno Rocha Levone
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marcel van de Wouw
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | | | | | - John F Cryan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Olivia F O'Leary
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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22
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Martínez-Levy GA, Bermúdez-Gómez J, Flores-Torres RP, Merlín-García I, Nani A, Cruz-Fuentes CS, Briones-Velasco M. Clinical, environmental, and molecular factors associated to the occurrence and persistence of posttraumatic stress disorder after an earthquake. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 154:102-110. [PMID: 35933853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common and disabling condition with high incidence after an earthquake. The objective of the present study was to identify risk factors associated with the occurrence and persistence of PTSD. Individuals (18-65 years old) who experienced the earthquake of September 19th, 2017, attended the National Institute of Psychiatry (INPRFM) between October and November 2017 (baseline n = 68). Participants were followed 4-6 (first follow-up, n = 40) and 7-9 (second follow-up n = 41) months after the earthquake. Delay returning to normal activities, a negative emotional valence to a previous earthquake, comorbidity with depression, history of childhood maltreatment, and low expression of Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) were associated with PTSD in the basal assessment. The earthquake-related variable associated with the persistence of PTSD at the second follow-up was that the earthquake had directly affected the participants, either because they were evicted, had damage to their homes, or suffered some injury. Comorbidity with dysthymia, history of childhood maltreatment, and higher severity of PTSD in the basal assessment were associated with persistent PTSD in the second follow-up. The lower expression of the FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP5) in participants with persistent PTSD in the second follow-up was better explained by childhood physical abuse than with PTSD severity. These findings suggest that acute exposure to earthquake-related stressful situations is relevant for the initial risk of PTSD, while potential long-term stressful conditions are associated with its persistence. Likewise, molecular markers associated with hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal-axis dysregulation were differentially associated with PTSD diagnosis at the different assessment times.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Martínez-Levy
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz", Av. Mexico-Xochimilco 101, Huipulco, Tlalpan, Mexico City, 14370, Mexico.
| | - J Bermúdez-Gómez
- Servicios Clínicos, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz", Av. Mexico-Xochimilco 101, Huipulco, Tlalpan, Mexico City, 14370, Mexico.
| | - R P Flores-Torres
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz", Av. Mexico-Xochimilco 101, Huipulco, Tlalpan, Mexico City, 14370, Mexico.
| | - I Merlín-García
- Servicios Clínicos, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz", Av. Mexico-Xochimilco 101, Huipulco, Tlalpan, Mexico City, 14370, Mexico.
| | - A Nani
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz", Av. Mexico-Xochimilco 101, Huipulco, Tlalpan, Mexico City, 14370, Mexico.
| | - C S Cruz-Fuentes
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz", Av. Mexico-Xochimilco 101, Huipulco, Tlalpan, Mexico City, 14370, Mexico.
| | - M Briones-Velasco
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñíz", Av. Mexico-Xochimilco 101, Huipulco, Tlalpan, Mexico City, 14370, Mexico.
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23
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Eskandari F, Salimi M, Binayi F, Abdollahifar MA, Eftekhary M, Hedayati M, Ghanbarian H, Zardooz H. Investigating the Effects of Maternal Separation on Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis and Glucose Homeostasis under Chronic Social Defeat Stress in Young Adult Male Rat Offspring. Neuroendocrinology 2022; 113:361-380. [PMID: 36088912 DOI: 10.1159/000526989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Given the suggested metabolic regulatory effects of stress-responsive genes and based on the impacts of early-life stress on HPA axis development, this study aimed to characterize the maternal separation (MS) impact on the communication between glucose metabolism and HPA axis dysregulations under chronic social defeat stress (CSDS). METHODS During the first 2 weeks of life, male Wistar rats were either exposed to MS or left undisturbed with their mothers (Std). Starting on postnatal day 50, the animals of each group were either left undisturbed in the standard group housing (Con) or underwent CSDS for 3 weeks. There were four groups (n = 10/group): Std-Con, MS-Con, Std-CSDS, and MS-CSDS. RESULTS Early and/or adult life adversity reduced β-cell number, muscular FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51) content, and BMI in adulthood. The reduction of β-cell number and BMI in the MS-CSDS rats were more profound than MS-Con group. CSDS either alone or in combination with MS reduced locomotor activity and increased and decreased corticotropin-releasing factor type 1 receptor (CRFR1) content, respectively, in hypothalamus and pancreas. Although, under CSDS, MS intensified HPA axis overactivity and reduced isolated islets' insulin secretion, it could promote resilience to depression symptoms. No differences were observed in hypothalamic Fkbp5 gene DNA methylation and glucose tolerance among groups. CONCLUSION MS exacerbated HPA axis overactivity and the endocrine pancreas dysfunctions under CSDS. The intensified corticosterone secretion and the diminished content of pancreatic CRFR1 protein could be involved in the reduced β-cell number and islets' insulin secretion under CSDS. The decreased muscular FKBP51 content might be a homeostatic response to slow down insulin resistance development under chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Eskandari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Salimi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fateme Binayi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Amin Abdollahifar
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamad Eftekhary
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Ghanbarian
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homeira Zardooz
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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24
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Moisan MP. Fkbp5-humanized mice shed light on female higher vulnerability to stress. Lab Anim (NY) 2022; 51:188-189. [DOI: 10.1038/s41684-022-00999-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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25
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Gan YL, Wang CY, He RH, Hsu PC, Yeh HH, Hsieh TH, Lin HC, Cheng MY, Jeng CJ, Huang MC, Lee YH. FKBP51 mediates resilience to inflammation-induced anxiety through regulation of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 expression in mouse hippocampus. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:152. [PMID: 35705957 PMCID: PMC9198626 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02517-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation is a potential risk factor of mental disturbance. FKBP5 that encodes FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51), a negative cochaperone of glucocorticoid receptor (GR), is a stress-inducible gene and has been linked to psychiatric disorders. Yet, the role of FKBP51 in the inflammatory stress-associated mental disturbance remained unclear. Methods Fkbp5-deficient (Fkbp5-KO) mice were used to study inflammatory stress by a single intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The anxiety-like behaviors, neuroimaging, immunofluorescence staining, immunohistochemistry, protein and mRNA expression analysis of inflammation- and neurotransmission-related mediators were evaluated. A dexamethasone drinking model was also applied to examine the effect of Fkbp5-KO in glucocorticoid-induced stress. Results LPS administration induced FKBP51 elevation in the liver and hippocampus accompanied with transient sickness. Notably, Fkbp5-KO but not wild-type (WT) mice showed anxiety-like behaviors 7 days after LPS injection (LPS-D7). LPS challenge rapidly increased peripheral and central immune responses and hippocampal microglial activation followed by a delayed GR upregulation on LPS-D7, and these effects were attenuated in Fkbp5-KO mice. Whole-brain [18F]-FEPPA neuroimaging, which target translocator protein (TSPO) to indicate neuroinflammation, showed that Fkbp5-KO reduced LPS-induced neuroinflammation in various brain regions including hippocampus. Interestingly, LPS elevated glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65), the membrane-associated GABA-synthesizing enzyme, in the hippocampus of WT but not Fkbp5-KO mice on LPS-D7. This FKBP51-dependent GAD65 upregulation was observed in the ventral hippocampal CA1 accompanied by the reduction of c-Fos-indicated neuronal activity, whereas both GAD65 and neuronal activity were reduced in dorsal CA1 in a FKBP51-independent manner. GC-induced anxiety was also examined, which was attenuated in Fkbp5-KO and hippocampal GAD65 expression was unaffected. Conclusions These results suggest that FKBP51/FKBP5 is involved in the systemic inflammation-induced neuroinflammation and hippocampal GR activation, which may contribute to the enhancement of GAD65 expression for GABA synthesis in the ventral hippocampus, thereby facilitating resilience to inflammation-induced anxiety. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02517-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Gan
- Department and Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yu Wang
- Department and Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Heng He
- Department and Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chien Hsu
- Department and Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hsien Yeh
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Hsieh
- Department and Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ching Lin
- Department and Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yen Cheng
- Department of Mathematics, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tsai, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chung-Jiuan Jeng
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department and Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chyi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, 309 Song-De Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. .,Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 252 Wu-Xing Street,, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Hsuan Lee
- Department and Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan. .,Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155 Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
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26
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Budziñski ML, Sokn C, Gobbini R, Ugo B, Antunica-Noguerol M, Senin S, Bajaj T, Gassen NC, Rein T, Schmidt MV, Binder EB, Arzt E, Liberman AC. Tricyclic antidepressants target FKBP51 SUMOylation to restore glucocorticoid receptor activity. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:2533-2545. [PMID: 35256747 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01491-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
FKBP51 is an important inhibitor of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling. High FKBP51 levels are associated to stress-related disorders, which are linked to GR resistance. SUMO conjugation to FKBP51 is necessary for FKBP51's inhibitory action on GR. The GR/FKBP51 pathway is target of antidepressant action. Thus we investigated if these drugs could inhibit FKBP51 SUMOylation and therefore restore GR activity. Screening cells using Ni2+ affinity and in vitro SUMOylation assays revealed that tricyclic antidepressants- particularly clomipramine- inhibited FKBP51 SUMOylation. Our data show that clomipramine binds to FKBP51 inhibiting its interaction with PIAS4 and therefore hindering its SUMOylation. The inhibition of FKBP51 SUMOylation decreased its binding to Hsp90 and GR facilitating FKBP52 recruitment, and enhancing GR activity. Reduction of PIAS4 expression in rat primary astrocytes impaired FKBP51 interaction with GR, while clomipramine could no longer exert its inhibitory action. This mechanism was verified in vivo in mice treated with clomipramine. These results describe the action of antidepressants as repressors of FKBP51 SUMOylation as a molecular switch for restoring GR sensitivity, thereby providing new potential routes of antidepressant intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia L Budziñski
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA) - CONICET - Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, C1425FQD, Argentina
| | - Clara Sokn
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA) - CONICET - Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, C1425FQD, Argentina
| | - Romina Gobbini
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA) - CONICET - Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, C1425FQD, Argentina
| | - Belén Ugo
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA) - CONICET - Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, C1425FQD, Argentina
| | - María Antunica-Noguerol
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA) - CONICET - Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, C1425FQD, Argentina
| | - Sergio Senin
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA) - CONICET - Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, C1425FQD, Argentina
| | - Thomas Bajaj
- Neurohomeostasis Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, Bonn Clinical Center, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nils C Gassen
- Neurohomeostasis Research Group, Department of Psychiatry, Bonn Clinical Center, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, D-80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Theo Rein
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, D-80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias V Schmidt
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, D-80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth B Binder
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, D-80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Eduardo Arzt
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA) - CONICET - Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, C1425FQD, Argentina. .,Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, C1428EGA, Argentina.
| | - Ana C Liberman
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA) - CONICET - Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, C1425FQD, Argentina.
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27
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Brix LM, Häusl AS, Toksöz I, Bordes J, van Doeselaar L, Engelhardt C, Narayan S, Springer M, Sterlemann V, Deussing JM, Chen A, Schmidt MV. The co-chaperone FKBP51 modulates HPA axis activity and age-related maladaptation of the stress system in pituitary proopiomelanocortin cells. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 138:105670. [PMID: 35091292 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid (GC)-mediated negative feedback of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the body's physiological stress response system, is tightly regulated and essential for appropriate termination of this hormonal cascade. Disturbed regulation and maladaptive response of this axis are fundamental components of multiple stress-induced psychiatric and metabolic diseases and aging. The co-chaperone FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP51) is a negative regulator of the GC receptor (GR), is highly stress responsive, and its polymorphisms have been repeatedly associated with stress-related disorders and dysfunctions in humans and rodents. Proopiomelanocortin (Pomc)-expressing corticotropes in the anterior pituitary gland are one of the key cell populations of this closed-loop GC-dependent negative feedback regulation of the HPA axis in the periphery. However, the cell type-specific role of FKBP51 in anterior pituitary corticotrope POMC cells and its impact on age-related HPA axis disturbances are yet to be elucidated. Here, using a combination of endogenous knockout and viral rescue, we show that male mice lacking FKBP51 in Pomc-expressing cells exhibit enhanced GR-mediated negative feedback and are protected from age-related disruption of their diurnal corticosterone (CORT) rhythm. Our study highlights the complexity of tissue- and cell type-specific, but also cross-tissue effects of FKBP51 in the rodent stress response at different ages and extends our understanding of potential targets for pharmacological intervention in stress- and age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea M Brix
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany; International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), 80804 Munich, Germany.
| | - Alexander S Häusl
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Irmak Toksöz
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Joeri Bordes
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Lotte van Doeselaar
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany; International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Clara Engelhardt
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Sowmya Narayan
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany; International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Margherita Springer
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Vera Sterlemann
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Jan M Deussing
- Research Group Molecular Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Alon Chen
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany; Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Neurobiology, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Mathias V Schmidt
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany.
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28
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Li L, Zhou J, Han L, Wu X, Shi Y, Cui W, Zhang S, Hu Q, Wang J, Bai H, Liu H, Guo W, Feng D, Qu Y. The Specific Role of Reactive Astrocytes in Stroke. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:850866. [PMID: 35321205 PMCID: PMC8934938 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.850866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are essential in maintaining normal brain functions such as blood brain barrier (BBB) homeostasis and synapse formation as the most abundant cell type in the central nervous system (CNS). After the stroke, astrocytes are known as reactive astrocytes (RAs) because they are stimulated by various damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and cytokines, resulting in significant changes in their reactivity, gene expression, and functional characteristics. RAs perform multiple functions after stroke. The inflammatory response of RAs may aggravate neuro-inflammation and release toxic factors to exert neurological damage. However, RAs also reduce excitotoxicity and release neurotrophies to promote neuroprotection. Furthermore, RAs contribute to angiogenesis and axonal remodeling to promote neurological recovery. Therefore, RAs' biphasic roles and mechanisms make them an effective target for functional recovery after the stroke. In this review, we summarized the dynamic functional changes and internal molecular mechanisms of RAs, as well as their therapeutic potential and strategies, in order to comprehensively understand the role of RAs in the outcome of stroke disease and provide a new direction for the clinical treatment of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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Stress induced microglial activation contributes to depression. Pharmacol Res 2022; 179:106145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Interaction Between Glucocorticoid Receptors and FKBP5 in Regulating Neurotransmission of the Hippocampus. Neuroscience 2021; 483:95-103. [PMID: 34923037 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
FK501 binding protein 51 (FKBP5) is a stress response prolyl isomerase that inhibits the translocation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) heterocomplex to the nucleus. Previous studies have shown that the expression levels of FKBP5 are positively correlated with psychiatric disorders, including depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. In rodents, FKBP5 deletion in the brain leads to be resilient to stress-induced depression. The hippocampus is known to be one of the primary locations mediating stress responses in the brain by providing negative feedback signals to the hypothalamus-pituitaryadrenal gland axis. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the role of FKBP5 and its interaction with GRs in the hippocampus. We observed that FKBP5 deletion in the hippocampus resulted in a minimal change in synaptic transmission. In the hippocampus, GR activation alters the release probability in inhibitory synapses as well as the postsynaptic contribution of glutamate receptors in excitatory synapses; however, no such alterations were induced in the absence of FKBP5. FKBP5 deficiency causes insensitivity to activated GRs in the hippocampus suggesting that FKBP5 mediates synaptic changes caused by GR activation. Our study provides electrophysiological evidence of stress resilience observed in FKBP5-deficient mice.
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Bailus BJ, Scheeler SM, Simons J, Sanchez MA, Tshilenge KT, Creus-Muncunill J, Naphade S, Lopez-Ramirez A, Zhang N, Lakshika Madushani K, Moroz S, Loureiro A, Schreiber KH, Hausch F, Kennedy BK, Ehrlich ME, Ellerby LM. Modulating FKBP5/FKBP51 and autophagy lowers HTT (huntingtin) levels. Autophagy 2021; 17:4119-4140. [PMID: 34024231 PMCID: PMC8726715 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1904489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Current disease-modifying therapies for Huntington disease (HD) focus on lowering mutant HTT (huntingtin; mHTT) levels, and the immunosuppressant drug rapamycin is an intriguing therapeutic for aging and neurological disorders. Rapamycin interacts with FKBP1A/FKBP12 and FKBP5/FKBP51, inhibiting the MTORC1 complex and increasing cellular clearance mechanisms. Whether the levels of FKBP (FK506 binding protein) family members are altered in HD models and if these proteins are potential therapeutic targets for HD have not been investigated. Here, we found levels of FKBP5 are significantly reduced in HD R6/2 and zQ175 mouse models and human HD isogenic neural stem cells and medium spiny neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. Moreover, FKBP5 interacts and colocalizes with HTT in the striatum and cortex of zQ175 mice and controls. Importantly, when we decreased FKBP5 levels or activity by genetic or pharmacological approaches, we observed reduced levels of mHTT in our isogenic human HD stem cell model. Decreasing FKBP5 levels by siRNA or pharmacological inhibition increased LC3-II levels and macroautophagic/autophagic flux, suggesting autophagic cellular clearance mechanisms are responsible for mHTT lowering. Unlike rapamycin, the effect of pharmacological inhibition with SAFit2, an inhibitor of FKBP5, is MTOR independent. Further, in vivo treatment for 2 weeks with SAFit2, results in reduced HTT levels in both HD R6/2 and zQ175 mouse models. Our studies establish FKBP5 as a protein involved in the pathogenesis of HD and identify FKBP5 as a potential therapeutic target for HD.Abbreviations : ACTB/β-actin: actin beta; AD: Alzheimer disease; BafA1: bafilomycin A1; BCA: bicinchoninic acid; BBB: blood brain barrier; BSA: bovine serum albumin; CoIP: co-immunoprecipitation; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide; DTT: dithiothreitol; FKBPs: FK506 binding proteins; HD: Huntington disease; HTT: huntingtin; iPSC: induced pluripotent stem cells; MAP1LC3/LC3:microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MAPT/tau: microtubule associated protein tau; MES: 2-ethanesulfonic acid; MOPS: 3-(N-morphorlino)propanesulfonic acid); MSN: medium spiny neurons; mHTT: mutant huntingtin; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NSC: neural stem cells; ON: overnight; PD: Parkinson disease; PPIase: peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans-isomerases; polyQ: polyglutamine; PPP1R1B/DARPP-32: protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1B; PTSD: post-traumatic stress disorder; RT: room temperature; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; SDS-PAGE: sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; TBST:Tris-buffered saline, 0.1% Tween 20; TUBA: tubulin; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1; VCL: vinculin; WT: littermate controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara J. Bailus
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
- School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Keck Graduate Institute, Claremont, CA, USA
| | - Stephen M. Scheeler
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jesse Simons
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Swati Naphade
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | | | - Ningzhe Zhang
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Felix Hausch
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Brian K. Kennedy
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
- Departments of Biochemistry and Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Michelle E. Ehrlich
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Chair SY, Law BM, Chan JY, So WK, Waye MM. Association of Genetic Polymorphisms with Psychological Symptoms in Cancer: A Systematic Review. Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs 2021; 9:12-20. [PMID: 35528795 PMCID: PMC9072184 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjon.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer patients suffer from a repertoire of symptoms, including such psychological and psychiatric symptoms as anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress. Exploration of genetic factors that modify the risk and severity of these symptoms may facilitate the development of personalised care plans for managing these symptoms. This review aims to provide an overview on the variations in genes that may contribute to the occurrence and severity of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among cancer patients. Literature search was performed in nine English and Chinese electronic databases, and extracted data are presented narratively. The reporting quality of the included studies was assessed using selected items of The STrengthening the REporting of Genetic Association (STREGA) checklist. Twenty-nine studies were included in the review. Most studies involved breast cancer patients, while patients of other cancer types appeared to be understudied. A number of studies reported the association between genes involved in inflammatory pathways and depression and anxiety. Other genes found to show associations with anxiety, depression, and PTSD among cancer patients are those involved in neurotrophic signalling, serotonergic signalling, regulation of stress response, antioxidation, dopamine catabolism and cellular apoptosis, despite some inconsistencies in findings between studies. Our review highlighted a need for further research for enhancing our knowledge on the association between genetic variations and anxiety, depression, and PTSD of patients of various cancer types. Future studies examining such associations in patients of various cancers should utilise standardised instruments for outcome assessments and stratify the patients based on their age for analysis.
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Lin YL, Wei CW, Lerdall TA, Nhieu J, Wei LN. Crabp1 Modulates HPA Axis Homeostasis and Anxiety-like Behaviors by Altering FKBP5 Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12240. [PMID: 34830120 PMCID: PMC8619219 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA), the principal active metabolite of vitamin A, is known to be involved in stress-related disorders. However, its mechanism of action in this regard remains unclear. This study reports that, in mice, endogenous cellular RA binding protein 1 (Crabp1) is highly expressed in the hypothalamus and pituitary glands. Crabp1 knockout (CKO) mice exhibit reduced anxiety-like behaviors accompanied by a lowered stress induced-corticosterone level. Furthermore, CRH/DEX tests show an increased sensitivity (hypersensitivity) of their feedback inhibition in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Gene expression studies show reduced FKBP5 expression in CKO mice; this would decrease the suppression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling thereby enhancing their feedback inhibition, consistent with their dampened corticosterone level and anxiety-like behaviors upon stress induction. In AtT20, a pituitary gland adenoma cell line elevating or reducing Crabp1 level correspondingly increases or decreases FKBP5 expression, and its endogenous Crabp1 level is elevated by GR agonist dexamethasone or RA treatment. This study shows, for the first time, that Crabp1 regulates feedback inhibition of the the HPA axis by modulating FKBP5 expression. Furthermore, RA and stress can increase Crabp1 level, which would up-regulate FKBP5 thereby de-sensitizing feedback inhibition of HPA axis (by decreasing GR signaling) and increasing the risk of stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Li-Na Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (Y.-L.L.); (C.-W.W.); (T.A.L.); (J.N.)
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Analysis of the cerebellar molecular stress response led to first evidence of a role for FKBP51 in brain FKBP52 expression in mice and humans. Neurobiol Stress 2021; 15:100401. [PMID: 34632006 PMCID: PMC8488056 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As the cerebellar molecular stress response is understudied, we assessed protein expression levels of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis regulators and neurostructural markers in the cerebellum of a male PTSD mouse model and of unstressed vs. stressed male FK506 binding protein 51 (Fkbp5) knockout (KO) vs. wildtype mice. We explored the translatability of our findings in the Fkbp5 KO model to the situation in humans by correlating mRNA levels of candidates with those of FKBP5 in two whole transcriptome datasets of post-mortem human cerebellum and in blood of unstressed and stressed humans. Fkbp5 deletion rescued the stress-induced loss in hippocampal, prefrontal cortical, and, possibly, also cerebellar FKBP52 expression and modulated post-stress cerebellar expression levels of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and possibly (trend) also of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Accordingly, expression levels of genes encoding for these three genes correlated with those of FKBP5 in human post-mortem cerebellum, while other neurostructural markers were not related to Fkbp5 either in mouse or human cerebellum. Also, gene expression levels of the two immunophilins correlated inversely in the blood of unstressed and stressed humans. We found transient changes in FKBP52 and persistent changes in GR and GFAP in the cerebellum of PTSD-like mice. Altogether, upon elucidating the cerebellar stress response we found first evidence for a novel facet of HPA axis regulation, i.e., the ability of FKBP51 to modulate the expression of its antagonist FKBP52 in the mouse and, speculatively, also in the human brain and blood and, moreover, detected long-term single stress-induced changes in expression of cerebellar HPA axis regulators and neurostructural markers of which some might contribute to the role of the cerebellum in fear extinction.
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Herzog DP, Perumal N, Manicam C, Treccani G, Nadig J, Rossmanith M, Engelmann J, Jene T, Hasch A, van der Kooij MA, Lieb K, Gassen NC, Grus FH, Müller MB. Longitudinal CSF proteome profiling in mice to uncover the acute and sustained mechanisms of action of rapid acting antidepressant (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine (HNK). Neurobiol Stress 2021; 15:100404. [PMID: 34632008 PMCID: PMC8488754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Delayed onset of antidepressant action is a shortcoming in depression treatment. Ketamine and its metabolite (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine (HNK) have emerged as promising rapid-acting antidepressants. However, their mechanism of action remains unknown. In this study, we first described the anxious and depression-prone inbred mouse strain, DBA/2J, as an animal model to assess the antidepressant-like effects of ketamine and HNK in vivo. To decode the molecular mechanisms mediating HNK's rapid antidepressant effects, a longitudinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome profiling of its acute and sustained effects was conducted using an unbiased, hypothesis-free mass spectrometry-based proteomics approach. A total of 387 proteins were identified, with a major implication of significantly differentially expressed proteins in the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling pathway, providing evidence for a link between HNK and regulation of the stress hormone system. Mechanistically, we identified HNK to repress GR-mediated transcription and reduce hormonal sensitivity of GR in vitro. In addition, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were predicted to be important upstream regulators of HNK treatment. Our results contribute to precise understanding of the temporal dynamics and molecular targets underlying HNK's rapid antidepressant-like effects, which can be used as a benchmark for improved treatment strategies for depression in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Herzog
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Natarajan Perumal
- Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Caroline Manicam
- Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Giulia Treccani
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Institute for Microscopic Anatomy and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.,Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Jens Nadig
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Milena Rossmanith
- Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan Engelmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Jene
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Annika Hasch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael A van der Kooij
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
| | - Klaus Lieb
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nils C Gassen
- Neurohomeostasis Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Franz H Grus
- Experimental and Translational Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marianne B Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
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FKBP5 and early life stress affect the hippocampus by an age-dependent mechanism. Brain Behav Immun Health 2021; 9:100143. [PMID: 34589890 PMCID: PMC8474669 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Early life stress (ELS) adversely affects the brain and is commonly associated with the etiology of mental health disorders, like depression. In addition to the mood-related symptoms, patients with depression show dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, increased peripheral inflammation, and structural brain alterations. Although the underlying causes are unknown, polymorphisms in the FK506-binding protein 5 (FKBP5) gene, a regulator of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activity, interact with childhood adversities to increase vulnerability to depressive disorders. We hypothesized that high FKBP5 protein levels combined with early life stress (ELS) would alter the HPA axis and brain, promoting depressive-like behaviors. To test this, we exposed males and females of a mouse model overexpressing FKBP5 in the brain (rTgFKBP5 mice), or littermate controls, to maternal separation for 14 days after birth. Then, we evaluated neuroendocrine, behavioral, and brain changes in young adult and aged mice. We observed lower basal corticosterone (CORT) levels in rTgFKBP5 mice, which was exacerbated in females. Aged, but not young, rTgFKBP5 mice showed increased depressive-like behaviors. Moreover, FKBP5 overexpression reduced hippocampal neuron density in aged mice, while promoting markers of microglia expression, but these effects were reversed by ELS. Together, these results demonstrate that high FKBP5 affects basal CORT levels, depressive-like symptoms, and numbers of neurons and microglia in the hippocampus in an age-dependent manner. High FKBP5 reduces basal corticosterone levels in mice, especially in females. ELS prevents FKBP5-induced susceptibility to depressive-like behavior in aged mice. FKBP5 overexpression reduces hippocampal neuron density in aged mice, while increasing microglial markers.
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Genetic association of FKBP5 with trait resilience in Korean male patients with alcohol use disorder. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18454. [PMID: 34531492 PMCID: PMC8445975 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98032-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The FKBP5 gene is known to have an important role in alcohol use disorder (AUD) in response to stress and has been reported to affect stress responses by interacting with childhood trauma. This study investigated the effects of the FKBP5 polymorphism rs1360780 and childhood trauma on trait resilience in male patients with AUD. In addition, allele-specific associations between FKBP5 DNA methylation and resilience were examined. In total, 297 men with AUD were assessed for alcohol use severity, childhood trauma, resilience, and impulsivity. Genotyping for FKBP5 rs1360780 and DNA methylation were analyzed. The effects of the rs1360780 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and clinical variables on resilience were tested using linear regression analysis. Possible associations between FKBP5 DNA methylation and resilience were tested with partial correlation analysis. The rs1360780 risk allele, a low education level, and high impulsivity were associated with diminished resilience, whereas no significant main or interaction effect of childhood trauma with the SNP rs1360780 genotype on resilience was shown. No significant association between FKBP5 DNA methylation and resilience was found. The present study demonstrated the involvement of the rs1360780 risk allele in trait resilience in men with AUD, suggesting that the genetic vulnerability of FKBP5 may influence resilience related to AUD.
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Zimmer C, Hanson HE, Martin LB. FKBP5 expression is related to HPA flexibility and the capacity to cope with stressors in female and male house sparrows. Horm Behav 2021; 135:105038. [PMID: 34280702 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2021.105038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and its end products, the glucocorticoids, are critical to responding appropriately to stressors. Subsequently, many studies have sought relationships between glucocorticoids and measures of health or fitness, but such relationships are at best highly context dependent. Recently, some endocrinologists have started to suggest that a focus on HPA flexibility, the ability of an individual to mount appropriate responses to different stressors, could be useful. Here, we tested the hypothesis that expression of FKBP5, a cochaperone in the glucocorticoid receptor complex, is a simple and reliable proxy of HPA flexibility in a wild songbird, the house sparrow (Passer domesticus). We quantified HPA flexibility in a novel way, using guidance from research on heart rhythm regulation. As predicted, we found that adult sparrows with low stress-induced FKBP5 expression in the hypothalamus exhibited high HPA flexibility. Moreover, low FKBP5 expression was associated with greater exploratory disposition and were better at maintaining body mass under stressful conditions. Altogether, these results suggest that FKBP5 may be important in the regulation of HPA flexibility, potentially affecting how individuals cope with natural and anthropogenic adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric Zimmer
- Global Health and Infectious Disease Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Haley E Hanson
- Global Health and Infectious Disease Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Lynn B Martin
- Global Health and Infectious Disease Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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Choi K, Lee J, Kang HJ. Myelination defects in the medial prefrontal cortex of Fkbp5 knockout mice. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21297. [PMID: 33410216 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001883r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis plays a principal role in stress response regulation and has been implicated in the etiology of stress-related disorders. The HPA axis regulates the normal synthesis and release of glucocorticoids; dysregulation of the HPA axis causes abnormal responses to stress. FK506-binding protein 5 (FKBP5), a co-chaperone of heat shock protein 90 in the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) molecular complex, is a key GR sensitivity regulator. FKBP5 single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with dysregulated HPA axis and increased risk of stress-related disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. In this study, we profiled the microRNAs (miRNAs) in the medial prefrontal cortex of Fkbp5 knockout (Fkbp5-/- ) mice and identified the target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs using sequence-based miRNA target prediction. Gene ontology analysis revealed that the differentially expressed miRNAs were involved in nervous system development, regulation of cell migration, and intracellular signal transduction. The validation of the expression of predicted target genes using quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that the expression of axon development-related genes, specifically actin-binding LIM protein 1 (Ablim1), lemur tyrosine kinase 2 (Lmtk2), kinesin family member 5c (Kif5c), neurofascin (Nfasc), and ephrin type-A receptor 4 (Epha4), was significantly decreased, while that of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) was significantly increased in the brain of Fkbp5-/- mice. These results suggest that axonal development-related genes can serve as potential targets in future studies focused on understanding the pathophysiology of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koeul Choi
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joonhee Lee
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Kang
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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40
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Hu Z, Ge L, Zhang H, Liu X. Expression of FKBP prolyl isomerase 5 gene in tissues of muscovy duck at different growth stages and its association with muscovy duck weight. Anim Biosci 2021; 35:1-12. [PMID: 34237933 PMCID: PMC8738923 DOI: 10.5713/ab.20.0649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective FKBP prolyl isomerase 5 (FKBP5) has been shown to play an important role in metabolically active tissues such as skeletal muscle. However, the expression of FKBP5 in Muscovy duck tissues and its association with body weight are still unclear. Methods In this study, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of FKBP5 in different tissues of Muscovy duck at different growth stages. Further, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected in the exon region of FKBP5 and were combined analyzed with the body weight of 334 Muscovy ducks. Results FKBP5 was highly expressed in various tissues of Muscovy duck at days 17, 19, 21, 24, and 27 of embryonic development. In addition, the expression of FKBP5 in the tissues of female adult Muscovy ducks was higher than that of male Muscovy ducks. Besides, an association analysis indicated that 3 SNPs were related to body weight trait. At the g.4819252 A>G, the body weight of AG genotype was significantly higher than that of the AA and the GG genotype. At the g.4821390 G>A, the genotype GA was extremely significantly related to body weight. At the g.4830622 T>G, the body weight of TT was significantly higher than GG and TG. Conclusion These findings indicate the possible effects of expression levels in various tissues and the SNPs of FKBP5 on Muscovy duck body weight trait. FKBP5 could be used as molecular marker for muscle development trait using early marker-assisted selection of Muscovy ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Liyan Ge
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Huilin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Häusl AS, Brix LM, Hartmann J, Pöhlmann ML, Lopez JP, Menegaz D, Brivio E, Engelhardt C, Roeh S, Bajaj T, Rudolph L, Stoffel R, Hafner K, Goss HM, Reul JMHM, Deussing JM, Eder M, Ressler KJ, Gassen NC, Chen A, Schmidt MV. The co-chaperone Fkbp5 shapes the acute stress response in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus of male mice. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:3060-3076. [PMID: 33649453 PMCID: PMC8505251 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01044-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Disturbed activation or regulation of the stress response through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a fundamental component of multiple stress-related diseases, including psychiatric, metabolic, and immune disorders. The FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP5) is a negative regulator of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), the main driver of HPA axis regulation, and FKBP5 polymorphisms have been repeatedly linked to stress-related disorders in humans. However, the specific role of Fkbp5 in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) in shaping HPA axis (re)activity remains to be elucidated. We here demonstrate that the deletion of Fkbp5 in Sim1+ neurons dampens the acute stress response and increases GR sensitivity. In contrast, Fkbp5 overexpression in the PVN results in a chronic HPA axis over-activation, and a PVN-specific rescue of Fkbp5 expression in full Fkbp5 KO mice normalizes the HPA axis phenotype. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed the cell-type-specific expression pattern of Fkbp5 in the PVN and showed that Fkbp5 expression is specifically upregulated in Crh+ neurons after stress. Finally, Crh-specific Fkbp5 overexpression alters Crh neuron activity, but only partially recapitulates the PVN-specific Fkbp5 overexpression phenotype. Together, the data establish the central and cell-type-specific importance of Fkbp5 in the PVN in shaping HPA axis regulation and the acute stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Häusl
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Lea M Brix
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany
| | - Jakob Hartmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Max L Pöhlmann
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Juan-Pablo Lopez
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Danusa Menegaz
- Electrophysiology Core Unit, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Elena Brivio
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Clara Engelhardt
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Roeh
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Bajaj
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bonn Clinical Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lisa Rudolph
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Rainer Stoffel
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Hafner
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Hannah M Goss
- Neuro-Epigenetics Research Group, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Johannes M H M Reul
- Neuro-Epigenetics Research Group, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jan M Deussing
- Research Group Molecular Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Eder
- Electrophysiology Core Unit, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Kerry J Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Nils C Gassen
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bonn Clinical Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alon Chen
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Mathias V Schmidt
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.
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Hofmann J, Huber C, Novak B, Schreckenbach M, Schubert CF, Touma C, Rutten BP, Schmidt U. Oxytocin receptor is a potential biomarker of the hyporesponsive HPA axis subtype of PTSD and might be modulated by HPA axis reactivity traits in humans and mice. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021; 129:105242. [PMID: 33975150 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify yet unavailable blood biomarkers for the responsive and the hyporesponsive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis subtypes of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). As, I, we recently discovered the intranasal neuropeptide oxytocin to reduce experimentally provoked PTSD symptoms, II, expression of its receptor (OXTR) has hitherto not been assessed in PTSD patients, and III, oxytocin and OXTR have previously been related to the HPA axis, we considered both as suitable candidates. During a Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), we compared serum oxytocin and blood OXTR mRNA concentrations between female PTSD patients, their HPA axis reactivity subtypes and sex and age-matched healthy controls (HC). At baseline, both candidates differentiated the hyporesponsive HPA axis subtype from HC, however, only baseline OXTR mRNA discriminated also between subtypes. Furthermore, in the hyporesponsive HPA axis subgroup, OXTR mRNA levels correlated with PTSD symptoms and changed markedly during the TSST. To assess the influence of (traumatic) stress on the cerebral expression of oxytocin and its receptor and to test their suitability as biomarkers for the mouse PTSD-like syndrome, we then analyzed oxytocin, its mRNA (Oxt) and Oxtr mRNA in three relevant brain regions and Oxt in blood of a PTSD mouse model. To further explore the HPA axis reactivity subtype dependency of OXTR, we compared cerebral OXTR protein expression between mice exhibiting two different HPA axis reactivity traits, i.e., FK506 binding protein 51 knockout vs. wildtype mice. In summary, blood OXTR mRNA emerged as a potential biomarker of the hyporesponsive HPA axis PTSD subtype and prefrontal cortical Oxtr and Oxt of the mouse PTSD-like syndrome. Moreover, we found first translational evidence for a HPA axis responsivity trait-dependent regulation of OXTR expression. The lack of a cohort of the (relatively rare) hyporesponsive HPA axis subtype of HC is a limitation of our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hofmann
- kbo-Isar-Amper-Klinikum München Ost, Vockestraße 72, 85540 Haar, Germany
| | - Christine Huber
- Technical University of Munich, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Schneckenburgerstrasse 6, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Bozidar Novak
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstrasse 10, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Monika Schreckenbach
- Verein zur Förderung der Klinischen Verhaltenstherapie (VFKV)-Ausbildungsinstitut München gGmbH, Lindwurmstr. 117, 80337 München, Germany
| | - Christine F Schubert
- Verein zur Förderung der Klinischen Verhaltenstherapie (VFKV)-Ausbildungsinstitut München gGmbH, Lindwurmstr. 117, 80337 München, Germany; Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Ostenstraße 25, 85072 Eichstätt, Germany
| | - Chadi Touma
- Department of Behavioural Biology, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Bart Pf Rutten
- Maastricht University Medical Centre, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, PO Box 616 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrike Schmidt
- Maastricht University Medical Centre, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, PO Box 616 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University of Bonn, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, RG Molecular and Clinical Psychotraumatology & Psychotrauma Outpatient Unit, Venusberg-Campus-1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, RG Stress Modulation of Neurodegeneration & Psychotrauma Outpatient Unit, Von-Siebold-Strasse 5, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
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Voll AM, Meyners C, Taubert MC, Bajaj T, Heymann T, Merz S, Charalampidou A, Kolos J, Purder PL, Geiger TM, Wessig P, Gassen NC, Bracher A, Hausch F. Makrozyklische FKBP51‐Liganden enthüllen einen transienten Bindungsmodus mit erhöhter Selektivität. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202017352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas M. Voll
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute Technical University Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Christian Meyners
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute Technical University Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Martha C. Taubert
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute Technical University Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Thomas Bajaj
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University of Bonn Venusberg Campus 1 53127 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Tim Heymann
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute Technical University Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Stephanie Merz
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute Technical University Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Anna Charalampidou
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute Technical University Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Jürgen Kolos
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute Technical University Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Patrick L. Purder
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute Technical University Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Thomas M. Geiger
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute Technical University Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Pablo Wessig
- Universität Potsdam Institut für Chemie Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24–25 14476 Potsdam Deutschland
| | - Nils C. Gassen
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University of Bonn Venusberg Campus 1 53127 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Andreas Bracher
- Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry Am Klopferspitz 18 82152 Martinsried Deutschland
| | - Felix Hausch
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry Clemens-Schöpf-Institute Technical University Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss Straße 4 64287 Darmstadt Deutschland
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Voll AM, Meyners C, Taubert MC, Bajaj T, Heymann T, Merz S, Charalampidou A, Kolos J, Purder PL, Geiger TM, Wessig P, Gassen NC, Bracher A, Hausch F. Macrocyclic FKBP51 Ligands Define a Transient Binding Mode with Enhanced Selectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:13257-13263. [PMID: 33843131 PMCID: PMC8252719 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202017352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Subtype selectivity represents a challenge in many drug discovery campaigns. A typical example is the FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP51), which has emerged as an attractive drug target. The most advanced FKBP51 ligands of the SAFit class are highly selective vs. FKBP52 but poorly discriminate against the homologs and off-targets FKBP12 and FKBP12.6. During a macrocyclization pilot study, we observed that many of these macrocyclic analogs have unanticipated and unprecedented preference for FKBP51 over FKBP12 and FKBP12.6. Structural studies revealed that these macrocycles bind with a new binding mode featuring a transient conformation, which is disfavored for the small FKBPs. Using a conformation-sensitive assay we show that this binding mode occurs in solution and is characteristic for this new class of compounds. The discovered macrocycles are non-immunosuppressive, engage FKBP51 in cells, and block the cellular effect of FKBP51 on IKKα. Our findings provide a new chemical scaffold for improved FKBP51 ligands and the structural basis for enhanced selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas M. Voll
- Department Chemistry and BiochemistryClemens-Schöpf-InstituteTechnical University DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss Strasse 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Christian Meyners
- Department Chemistry and BiochemistryClemens-Schöpf-InstituteTechnical University DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss Strasse 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Martha C. Taubert
- Department Chemistry and BiochemistryClemens-Schöpf-InstituteTechnical University DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss Strasse 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Thomas Bajaj
- Research Group NeurohomeostasisDepartment of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of BonnVenusberg Campus 153127BonnGermany
| | - Tim Heymann
- Department Chemistry and BiochemistryClemens-Schöpf-InstituteTechnical University DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss Strasse 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Stephanie Merz
- Department Chemistry and BiochemistryClemens-Schöpf-InstituteTechnical University DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss Strasse 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Anna Charalampidou
- Department Chemistry and BiochemistryClemens-Schöpf-InstituteTechnical University DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss Strasse 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Jürgen Kolos
- Department Chemistry and BiochemistryClemens-Schöpf-InstituteTechnical University DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss Strasse 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Patrick L. Purder
- Department Chemistry and BiochemistryClemens-Schöpf-InstituteTechnical University DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss Strasse 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Thomas M. Geiger
- Department Chemistry and BiochemistryClemens-Schöpf-InstituteTechnical University DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss Strasse 464287DarmstadtGermany
| | - Pablo Wessig
- Universität PotsdamInstitut für ChemieKarl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24–2514476PotsdamGermany
| | - Nils C. Gassen
- Research Group NeurohomeostasisDepartment of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyUniversity of BonnVenusberg Campus 153127BonnGermany
| | - Andreas Bracher
- Max-Planck-Institute of BiochemistryAm Klopferspitz 1882152MartinsriedGermany
| | - Felix Hausch
- Department Chemistry and BiochemistryClemens-Schöpf-InstituteTechnical University DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss Strasse 464287DarmstadtGermany
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45
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Hartmann J, Bajaj T, Klengel C, Chatzinakos C, Ebert T, Dedic N, McCullough KM, Lardenoije R, Joëls M, Meijer OC, McCann KE, Dudek SM, Sarabdjitsingh RA, Daskalakis NP, Klengel T, Gassen NC, Schmidt MV, Ressler KJ. Mineralocorticoid receptors dampen glucocorticoid receptor sensitivity to stress via regulation of FKBP5. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109185. [PMID: 34077736 PMCID: PMC8244946 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Responding to different dynamic levels of stress is critical for mammalian survival. Disruption of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling is proposed to underlie hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation observed in stress-related psychiatric disorders. In this study, we show that FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP5) plays a critical role in fine-tuning MR:GR balance in the hippocampus. Biotinylated-oligonucleotide immunoprecipitation in primary hippocampal neurons reveals that MR binding, rather than GR binding, to the Fkbp5 gene regulates FKBP5 expression during baseline activity of glucocorticoids. Notably, FKBP5 and MR exhibit similar hippocampal expression patterns in mice and humans, which are distinct from that of the GR. Pharmacological inhibition and region- and cell type-specific receptor deletion in mice further demonstrate that lack of MR decreases hippocampal Fkbp5 levels and dampens the stress-induced increase in glucocorticoid levels. Overall, our findings demonstrate that MR-dependent changes in baseline Fkbp5 expression modify GR sensitivity to glucocorticoids, providing insight into mechanisms of stress homeostasis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Gene Deletion
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Hippocampus/metabolism
- Humans
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Models, Biological
- Neurons/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/genetics
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/metabolism
- Receptors, Mineralocorticoid/genetics
- Receptors, Mineralocorticoid/metabolism
- Stress, Physiological
- Tacrolimus Binding Proteins/genetics
- Tacrolimus Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Hartmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA.
| | - Thomas Bajaj
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Claudia Klengel
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Chris Chatzinakos
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Tim Ebert
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Nina Dedic
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Kenneth M McCullough
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Roy Lardenoije
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marian Joëls
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center, Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Onno C Meijer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Katharine E McCann
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Serena M Dudek
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - R Angela Sarabdjitsingh
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center, Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nikolaos P Daskalakis
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Torsten Klengel
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nils C Gassen
- Research Group Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Mathias V Schmidt
- Research Group Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Kerry J Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA.
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Dysregulation of miR-15a-5p, miR-497a-5p and miR-511-5p Is Associated with Modulation of BDNF and FKBP5 in Brain Areas of PTSD-Related Susceptible and Resilient Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105157. [PMID: 34068160 PMCID: PMC8153003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder occurring in susceptible individuals following a traumatic event. Understanding the mechanisms subserving trauma susceptibility/resilience is essential to develop new effective treatments. Increasing evidence suggests that non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), may play a prominent role in mediating trauma susceptibility/resilience. In this study, we evaluated the transcriptional expression of two key PTSD-related genes (FKBP5 and BDNF) and the relative targeting miRNAs (miR-15a-5p, miR-497a-5p, miR-511-5p, let-7d-5p) in brain areas of PTSD-related susceptible and resilient mice identified through our recently developed mouse model of PTSD (arousal-based individual screening (AIS) model). We observed lower transcript levels of miR-15a-5p, miR-497a-5p, and miR-511a-5p in the hippocampus and hypothalamus of susceptible mice compared to resilient mice, suggesting that the expression of these miRNAs could discriminate the two different phenotypes of stress-exposed mice. These miRNA variations could contribute, individually or synergically, to the inversely correlated transcript levels of FKBP5 and BDNF. Conversely, in the medial prefrontal cortex, downregulation of miR-15a-5p, miR-511-5p, and let-7d-5p was observed both in susceptible and resilient mice, and not accompanied by changes in their mRNA targets. Furthermore, miRNA expression in the different brain areas correlated to stress-induced behavioral scores (arousal score, avoidance-like score, social memory score and PTSD-like score), suggesting a linear connection between miRNA-based epigenetic modulation and stress-induced phenotypes. Pathway analysis of a miRNA network showed a statistically significant enrichment of molecular processes related to PTSD and stress. In conclusion, our results indicate that PTSD susceptibility/resilience might be shaped by brain-area-dependent modulation of miRNAs targeting FKBP5, BDNF, and other stress-related genes.
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47
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Bauder M, Meyners C, Purder PL, Merz S, Sugiarto WO, Voll AM, Heymann T, Hausch F. Structure-Based Design of High-Affinity Macrocyclic FKBP51 Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2021; 64:3320-3349. [PMID: 33666419 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51) emerged as a key player in several diseases like stress-related disorders, chronic pain, and obesity. Linear analogues of FK506 called SAFit were shown to be highly selective for FKBP51 over its closest homologue FKBP52, allowing the proof-of-concept studies in animal models. Here, we designed and synthesized the first macrocyclic FKBP51-selective ligands to stabilize the active conformation. All macrocycles retained full FKBP51 affinity and selectivity over FKBP52 and the incorporation of polar functionalities further enhanced affinity. Six high-resolution crystal structures of macrocyclic inhibitors in complex with FKBP51 confirmed the desired selectivity-enabling binding mode. Our results show that macrocyclization is a viable strategy to target the shallow FKBP51 binding site selectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bauder
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christian Meyners
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Patrick L Purder
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Stephanie Merz
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Wisely Oki Sugiarto
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Andreas M Voll
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Tim Heymann
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Felix Hausch
- Department Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clemens-Schöpf-Institute, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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48
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Hertzberg L, Zohar AH, Yitzhaky A. Gene Expression Meta-Analysis of Cerebellum Samples Supports the FKBP5 Gene-Environment Interaction Model for Schizophrenia. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:190. [PMID: 33673722 PMCID: PMC7997256 DOI: 10.3390/life11030190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most studied molecular models of gene-environment interactions is that of FKBP5, which has been shown to interact with childhood adversity to increase the risk of psychiatric disorders, and has been implicated in schizophrenia. While the model predicts up-regulation of FKBP5, previous brain samples gene expression studies yielded inconsistent results. METHODS We performed a systematic gene expression meta-analysis of FKBP5 and NR3C1, a glucocorticoid receptor inhibited by FKBP5, in cerebellum samples of patients with schizophrenia. The gene expression databases GEO, SMRI and those of NIMH were searched, and out of six screened datasets, three were eligible for the meta-analysis (overall 69 with schizophrenia and 78 controls). RESULTS We detected up-regulation of FKBP5 and down-regulation of NR3C1 in schizophrenia, and a negative correlation between their expression patterns. Correlation analysis suggested that the detected differential expression did not result from potential confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS Our results give significant support to the FKBP5 gene-environment interaction model for schizophrenia, which provides a molecular mechanism by which childhood adversity is involved in the development of the disorder. To explore FKBP5's potential as a therapeutic target, a mapping of its differential expression patterns in different brain regions of schizophrenia patients is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libi Hertzberg
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;
- Shalvata Mental Health Center, Affiliated with the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ada H. Zohar
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Ruppin Academic Center, Hefer Valley 40250, Israel;
| | - Assif Yitzhaky
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;
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Schriever SC, Kabra DG, Pfuhlmann K, Baumann P, Baumgart EV, Nagler J, Seebacher F, Harrison L, Irmler M, Kullmann S, Corrêa-da-Silva F, Giesert F, Jain R, Schug H, Castel J, Martinez S, Wu M, Häring HU, de Angelis MH, Beckers J, Müller TD, Stemmer K, Wurst W, Rozman J, Nogueiras R, De Angelis M, Molkentin JD, Krahmer N, Yi CX, Schmidt MV, Luquet S, Heni M, Tschöp MH, Pfluger PT. Type 2 diabetes risk gene Dusp8 regulates hypothalamic Jnk signaling and insulin sensitivity. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:6093-6108. [PMID: 32780722 DOI: 10.1172/jci136363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified DUSP8, encoding a dual-specificity phosphatase targeting mitogen-activated protein kinases, as a type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk gene. Here, we reveal that Dusp8 is a gatekeeper in the hypothalamic control of glucose homeostasis in mice and humans. Male, but not female, Dusp8 loss-of-function mice, either with global or corticotropin-releasing hormone neuron-specific deletion, had impaired systemic glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity when exposed to high-fat diet (HFD). Mechanistically, we found impaired hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis feedback, blunted sympathetic responsiveness, and chronically elevated corticosterone levels driven by hypothalamic hyperactivation of Jnk signaling. Accordingly, global Jnk1 ablation, AAV-mediated Dusp8 overexpression in the mediobasal hypothalamus, or metyrapone-induced chemical adrenalectomy rescued the impaired glucose homeostasis of obese male Dusp8-KO mice, respectively. The sex-specific role of murine Dusp8 in governing hypothalamic Jnk signaling, insulin sensitivity, and systemic glucose tolerance was consistent with functional MRI data in human volunteers that revealed an association of the DUSP8 rs2334499 risk variant with hypothalamic insulin resistance in men. Further, expression of DUSP8 was increased in the infundibular nucleus of T2D humans. In summary, our findings suggest the GWAS-identified gene Dusp8 as a novel hypothalamic factor that plays a functional role in the etiology of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja C Schriever
- Research Unit NeuroBiology of Diabetes and.,Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dhiraj G Kabra
- Research Unit NeuroBiology of Diabetes and.,Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Biological Research Pharmacology Department, Sun Pharma Advanced Research Company Ltd., Vadodara, India
| | - Katrin Pfuhlmann
- Research Unit NeuroBiology of Diabetes and.,Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Division of Metabolic Diseases and
| | - Peter Baumann
- Research Unit NeuroBiology of Diabetes and.,Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Neurobiology of Diabetes, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Emily V Baumgart
- Research Unit NeuroBiology of Diabetes and.,Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Fabian Seebacher
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Division of Metabolic Diseases and
| | - Luke Harrison
- Research Unit NeuroBiology of Diabetes and.,Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Division of Metabolic Diseases and
| | - Martin Irmler
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Kullmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Felipe Corrêa-da-Silva
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Florian Giesert
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Developmental Genetics, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ruchi Jain
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Lund University Diabetes Centre, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Hannah Schug
- SYNLAB Analytics and Services, Switzerland AG, Dielsdorf, Switzerland
| | - Julien Castel
- Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, Paris, France
| | | | - Moya Wu
- Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Häring
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabe de Angelis
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Experimental Genetics, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Johannes Beckers
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Experimental Genetics, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Timo D Müller
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Eberhard Karls University Hospitals and Clinics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Stemmer
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wurst
- Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Developmental Genetics, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Rozman
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Genetics and German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Ruben Nogueiras
- Department of Physiology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Jeffery D Molkentin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Natalie Krahmer
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Chun-Xia Yi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mathias V Schmidt
- Neurobiology of Stress Resilience, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Serge Luquet
- Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Martin Heni
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias H Tschöp
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Division of Metabolic Diseases and
| | - Paul T Pfluger
- Research Unit NeuroBiology of Diabetes and.,Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.,Neurobiology of Diabetes, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Nikolac Perkovic M, Sagud M, Tudor L, Konjevod M, Svob Strac D, Pivac N. A Load to Find Clinically Useful Biomarkers for Depression. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1305:175-202. [PMID: 33834401 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-33-6044-0_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Depression is heterogeneous and complex disease with diverse symptoms. Its neurobiological underpinning is still not completely understood. For now, there are still no validated, easy obtainable, clinically useful noninvasive biomarker(s) or biomarker panel that will be able to confirm a diagnosis of depression, its subtypes and improve diagnostic procedures. Future multimodal preclinical and clinical research that involves (epi)genetic, molecular, cellular, imaging, and other studies is necessary to advance our understanding of the role of monoamines, GABA, HPA axis, neurotrophins, metabolome, and glycome in the pathogenesis of depression and their potential as diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment response biomarkers. These studies should be focused to include the first-episode depression and antidepressant drug-naïve patients with large sample sizes to reduce variability in different biological and clinical parameters. At present, metabolomics study revealed with high precision that a neurometabolite panel consisting of plasma metabolite biomarkers (GABA, dopamine, tyramine, kynurenine) might represent clinically useful biomarkers of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matea Nikolac Perkovic
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Sagud
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lucija Tudor
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marcela Konjevod
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dubravka Svob Strac
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nela Pivac
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Molecular Neuropsychiatry, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia.
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