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Chua MX, Saravanan G, Cheah YT, Chan DJC. Enhancing biomass production and biochemical compositions of Spirodela polyrhiza through superhydrophobic cultivation platforms at low light intensity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108485. [PMID: 38461755 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Duckweed, a floating macrophyte, has attracted interest in various fields such as animal feedstocks and bioenergy productions. Its enriched nutritional content and rapid growth rate make it particularly promising. However, common laboratory cultures of duckweed often experience fronds layering, diminishing the efficiency of sunlight capturing due to limited surface area on conventional cultivation platforms. In this work, we aimed to address the issue of fronds layering by introducing a novel cultivation platform - a superhydrophobic coated acrylic sheet. The sheet was prepared by spray-coating a suspension of beeswax and ethanol, and its effectiveness was evaluated by comparing the growth performance of giant duckweed, Spirodela polyrhiza, on this platform with that on a modified version. The superhydrophobic coated acrylic sheet (SHPA) and its variant with a metal mesh added (SHPAM) were employed as growing platforms, with a glass jar serving as the control. The plantlets were grown for 7 days with similar growth conditions under low light stress (25 μmol/m2/s). SHPAM demonstrated superior growth performance, achieving a mass gain of 102.12 ± 17.18 %, surpassing both SHPA (89.67 ± 14.97 %) and the control (39.26 ± 8.94 %). For biochemical compositions, SHPAM outperformed in chlorophyll content, protein content and lipid content. The values obtained were 1.021 ± 0.076 mg/g FW, 14.59 ± 0.58 % DW and 6.21 ± 0.75 % DW respectively. Therefore, this work proved that incorporation of superhydrophobic coatings on a novel cultivation platform significantly enhanced the biomass production of S. polyrhiza. Simultaneously, the biochemical compositions of the duckweeds were well-maintained, showcasing the potential of this approach for optimized duckweed cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Xia Chua
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Gayathri Saravanan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Yi Tong Cheah
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Derek Juinn Chieh Chan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia.
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Rai PK, Nongtri ES. Heavy metals/-metalloids (As) phytoremediation with Landoltia punctata and Lemna sp. (duckweeds): coupling with biorefinery prospects for sustainable phytotechnologies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:16216-16240. [PMID: 38334920 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32177-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals/-metalloids can result in serious human health hazards. Phytoremediation is green bioresource technology for the remediation of heavy metals and arsenic (As). However, there exists a knowledge gap and systematic information on duckweed-based metal phytoremediation in an eco-sustainable way. Therefore, the present review offers a critical discussion on the effective use of duckweeds (genera Landoltia and Lemna)-based phytoremediation to decontaminate metallic contaminants from wastewater. Phytoextraction and rhizofiltration were the major mechanism in 'duckweed bioreactors' that can be dependent on physico-chemical factors and plant-microbe interactions. The biotechnological advances such as gene manipulations can accelerate the duckweed-based phytoremediation process. High starch and protein contents of the metal-loaded duckweed biomass facilitate their use as feedstock in biorefinery. Biorefinery prospects such as bioenergy production, value-added products, and biofertilizers can augment the circular economy approach. Coupling duckweed-based phytoremediation with biorefinery can help achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and human well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Kumar Rai
- Department of Environmental Science, Mizoram University (A Central University), Aizawl, 796004, India.
| | - Emacaree S Nongtri
- Department of Environmental Science, Mizoram University (A Central University), Aizawl, 796004, India
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3
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Van Dyck I, Vanhoudt N, Vives I Batlle J, Vargas CS, Horemans N, Van Gompel A, Nauts R, Wijgaerts A, Marchal W, Claesen J, Vangronsveld J. Differentiation between chemo- and radiotoxicity of 137Cs and 60Co on Lemna minor. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2024; 272:107351. [PMID: 38064934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2023.107351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
The uptake and effects of stable Cs and Co on L.minor were extensively studied, together with the effects of gamma radiation using a 137Cs or 60Co source. Innovative is that we combined external irradiation (from 137Cs or 60Co sources) with the direct uptake of certain amounts of stable Cs or Co to simulate the impact of the same mass of a radioisotope compared with that of the stable element. Such approach allows to differentiate between chemo- and radiotoxicity of 137Cs or 60Co, permitting to study the 137Cs and 60Co uptake by L. minor without using high concentrations of these elements in solution. Our results indicate that radiotoxicity of both 137Cs and 60Co has a greater importance compared to their chemotoxicity. This was also supported by the independent action and concentration addition concepts. Both concepts resulted in a good prediction of the dose-response curve of the combination exposure. The maximal removal of 137Cs or 60Co per gram dry matter of L. minor was lower compared with the removal of the corresponding stable isotope. The toxicity of 60Co was higher compared to 137Cs based on EC50 values and uptake data. With respect to the effects on photosynthetic pigments, starch and soluble sugars contents, only starch increased in a concentration- and dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Van Dyck
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Biosphere Impact Studies, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium; UHasselt - Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Vanhoudt
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Biosphere Impact Studies, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium.
| | - Jordi Vives I Batlle
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Biosphere Impact Studies, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Clarita Saldarriaga Vargas
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Radiation Protection Dosimetry and Calibrations, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Nele Horemans
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Biosphere Impact Studies, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium; UHasselt - Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Axel Van Gompel
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Biosphere Impact Studies, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Robin Nauts
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Biosphere Impact Studies, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Ann Wijgaerts
- UHasselt - Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Wouter Marchal
- UHasselt - Hasselt University, Institute for Materials Research (IMO-IMOMEC), Analytical & Circular Chemistry (ACC), Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jürgen Claesen
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jaco Vangronsveld
- UHasselt - Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
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Nakagawa-Lagisz T, Lagisz M. Shining a light on duckweed: exploring the effects of artificial light at night (ALAN) on growth and pigmentation. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16371. [PMID: 37927782 PMCID: PMC10625352 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Artificial light at night (ALAN) is a novel environmental stressor of global concern. Various sources of artificial light are now common in urbanized areas and have diverse negative effects on many species of animals and plants. However, ALAN has also been shown to have no effect or a positive effect on some organisms. This study investigates the impact of ALAN on the growth and leaf pigmentation of a common floating freshwater plant species. Methods We exposed wild-derived dotted duckweed (Landoltia punctata) to either darkness during the night (Control group) or to artificial light at night (ALAN group) for 49 days. We set up two large boxes of eighty samples each with 2-3 leaves of duckweed in each sample at the start of the experiment. The ALAN box had an opaque lid with a small lamp that was turned on at night. The Control box was also covered at night with an opaque lid but without a lamp. During the day, plants in both boxes were exposed to natural light. We counted the number of leaves in each sample weekly. We took photos of the samples on day 28 to measure the total leaf surface area per sample. On day 49, we took photos of the underside of the leaves for analyses of the relative levels of dark pigmentation across all samples. Results We found that ALAN-exposed plant samples had, on average, more leaves than control plants after a few weeks of exposure. They also had a more variable number of leaves per sample. The total leaf area per sample on day 28 was larger in the ALAN samples. The underside of the leaves on day 49 was, on average, darker in the ALAN plants than in the control plants. Conclusion There is a significant growth-enhancing effect from exposure to artificial light at night on Landolita punctata. However, higher variability induced by ALAN exposure indicates that ALAN is also a stressful condition for these plants. This is in line with our finding of the presence of larger amounts of dark pigments in the leaves of ALAN-exposed plants. Dark pigmentation in duckweed species could be a defence mechanism protecting tissues from stress-induced oxidative damage. Overall, both positive and negative effects of ALAN can be observed simultaneously in different traits of the same organism. Increased individual variation can facilitate population-level adaptation to stressful conditions. As such, this work contributes to our knowledge of the effects of light pollution in urban environments on common plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Totoro Nakagawa-Lagisz
- Sydney Boys High School, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Onna Junior High School, Onna, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Malgorzata Lagisz
- Evolution & Ecology Research Centre and School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Theoretical Sciences Visiting Program, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa, Japan
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Romanowska-Duda Z, Piotrowski K, Szufa S, Sklodowska M, Naliwajski M, Emmanouil C, Kungolos A, Zorpas AA. Valorization of Spirodela polyrrhiza biomass for the production of biofuels for distributed energy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16533. [PMID: 37783756 PMCID: PMC10545719 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43576-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the main objectives of a circular economy, Lemnaceae plants have great potential for different types of techniques to valorize their biomass for use in biofuel production. For this reason, scientific interest in this group of plants has increased in recent years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of salt stress on the growth and development of S. polyrrhiza and the valorization of biomass for biofuel and energy production in a circular economy. Plants were grown in a variety of culture media, including standard 'Z' medium, tap water, 1% digestate from a biogas plant in Piaszczyna (54° 01' 21″ N, 17° 10' 19″ E), Poland) and supplemented with different concentrations of NaCl (from 25 to 100 mM). Plants were cultured under phytotron conditions at 24 °C. After 10 days of culture, plant growth, fresh and dry biomass, as well as physio-chemical parameters such as chlorophyll content index, gas exchange parameters (net photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration), chlorophyll fluorescence measurements were analyzed. After 10 days of the experiment, the percentage starch content of Spirodela shoot segments was determined. S. polyrrhiza was shown to have a high starch storage capacity under certain unfavorable growth conditions, such as salt stress and nutrient deficiency. In the W2 (50 mM NaCl) series, compared to the control (Control2), starch levels were 76% higher in shoots and 30% lower in roots. The analysis of the individual growth and development parameters of S. polyrrhiza plants in the experiment carried out indicates new possibilities for the use of this group of plants in biofuel and bioethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Romanowska-Duda
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, University of Lodz, Banacha Str. 12/16, 92-237, Lodz, Poland.
| | - K Piotrowski
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, University of Lodz, Banacha Str. 12/16, 92-237, Lodz, Poland
| | - S Szufa
- Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 213, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
| | - M Sklodowska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Lodz, Banacha Str. 12/16, 92-237, Lodz, Poland
| | - M Naliwajski
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Lodz, Banacha Str. 12/16, 92-237, Lodz, Poland
| | - C Emmanouil
- Department of Planning and Regional Development, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Kungolos
- Civil Engineering Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A A Zorpas
- Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Engineering Sustainability, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Open University of Cyprus, Giannou Kranidioti 89, Latsia, 2231, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Amitrano C, Paglialunga G, Battistelli A, De Micco V, Del Bianco M, Liuzzi G, Moscatello S, Paradiso R, Proietti S, Rouphael Y, De Pascale S. Defining growth requirements of microgreens in space cultivation via biomass production, morpho-anatomical and nutritional traits analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1190945. [PMID: 37538067 PMCID: PMC10394706 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1190945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
During long-term manned missions to the Moon or Mars, the integration of astronauts' diet with fresh food rich in functional compounds, like microgreens, could strengthen their physiological defenses against the oxidative stress induced by the exposure to space factors. Therefore, the development of targeted cultivation practices for microgreens in space is mandatory, since the cultivation in small, closed facilities may alter plant anatomy, physiology, and resource utilization with species-specific responses. Here, the combined effect of two vapor pressure deficit levels (VPD: 0.14 and 1.71 kPa) and two light intensities (150 and 300 µmol photons m-2 s-1 PPFD) on two species for microgreen production (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. sabauda 'Vertus' and Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus 'Saxa'), was tested on biomass production per square meter, morpho-anatomical development, nutritional and nutraceutical properties. Microgreens were grown in fully controlled conditions under air temperature of 18/24°C, on coconut fiber mats, RGB light spectrum and 12 h photoperiod, till they reached the stage of first true leaves. At this stage microgreens were samples, for growth and morpho-anatomical analyses, and to investigate the biochemical composition in terms of ascorbic acid, phenols, anthocyanin, carotenoids, carbohydrates, as well as of anti-nutritional compounds, such as nitrate, sulfate, and phosphate. Major differences in growth were mostly driven by the species with 'Saxa' always presenting the highest fresh and dry weight as well as the highest elongation; however light intensity and VPDs influenced the anatomical development of microgreens, and the accumulation of ascorbic acid, carbohydrates, nitrate, and phosphate. Both 'Saxa' and 'Vertus' at low VPD (LV) and 150 PPFD increased the tissue thickness and synthetized high β-carotene and photosynthetic pigments. Moreover, 'Vertus' LV 150, produced the highest content of ascorbate, fundamental for nutritional properties in space environment. The differences among the treatments and their interaction suggested a relevant difference in resource use efficiency. In the light of the above, microgreens can be considered suitable for cultivation in limited-volume growth modules directly onboard, provided that all the environmental factors are combined and modulated according to the species requirements to enhance their growth and biomass production, and to achieve specific nutritional traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Amitrano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriele Paglialunga
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Porano, Terni, Italy
| | - Alberto Battistelli
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Porano, Terni, Italy
| | - Veronica De Micco
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Greta Liuzzi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Moscatello
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Porano, Terni, Italy
| | - Roberta Paradiso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Proietti
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Porano, Terni, Italy
| | - Youssef Rouphael
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania De Pascale
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, Italy
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Van Dyck I, Vanhoudt N, Vives I Batlle J, Horemans N, Van Gompel A, Nauts R, Vangronsveld J. Effects of environmental parameters on starch and soluble sugars in Lemna minor. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 200:107755. [PMID: 37216822 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Van Dyck
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Biosphere Impact Studies, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium; UHasselt - Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Nathalie Vanhoudt
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Biosphere Impact Studies, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Jordi Vives I Batlle
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Biosphere Impact Studies, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Nele Horemans
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Biosphere Impact Studies, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium; UHasselt - Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Axel Van Gompel
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Biosphere Impact Studies, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Robin Nauts
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Biosphere Impact Studies, Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Jaco Vangronsveld
- UHasselt - Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
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8
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Chua MX, Cheah YT, Tan WH, Chan DJC. A novel cultivation platform of duckweed (Lemna minor) via application of beeswax superhydrophobic coatings. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 224:115544. [PMID: 36822535 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Conventional establishment of laboratory cultures of duckweed Lemna minor are prepared in beakers, Erlenmeyer flasks or Schott bottles. These conventional cultivation methods limit the available surface area for growth which then causes layering of fronds that reduces the efficiency of plants in sunlight capturing. Here, acrylic sheets were spray-coated with a superhydrophobic (SHP) beeswax suspension and these coated acrylic sheets were used as a novel cultivation platform for L. minor. L. minor was grown for 7 days in conventional glass jar which acted as the control and were compared to SHP coated acrylic (SHPA) and SHP coated acrylic with aluminium mesh centrally placed (SHPAM) at similar duration and cultivation conditions. Addition of mesh was to entrap the plantlets and fixed the plantlets' position on the growing platform. The effects of cultivation platforms on growth rate and biochemical compositions of L. minor were monitored. The highest biomass growth was obtained from SHPA cultivation where the relative growth rate (RGR) was 0.0909 ± 0.014 day-1 and the RGR was 2.17 times higher than the control. Moreover, L. minor harvested from SHPA displayed the highest values in total protein content, total carbohydrates content and crude lipid percentage. The values were 156.04 ± 12.13 mg/g, 94.75 ± 9.02 mg/g and 7.09 ± 1.14% respectively. However, the control showed the highest total chlorophyll content which was 0.7733 ± 0.042 mg/g FW. Although SHPA obtained a slightly lower chlorophyll content than the control, this growing platform is still promising as it displayed the highest growth rate as well as other biochemical composition. Hence, this study proved that the proposed method that applied superhydrophobic properties in cultivation of L. minor provided a larger surface area for L. minor to grow, which then resulted in a greater biomass production while simultaneously maintaining the quality of the biochemical compositions of duckweeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Xia Chua
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Yi Tong Cheah
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Win Hung Tan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Derek Juinn Chieh Chan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia.
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9
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Guo L, Liu J, Wang Q, Yang Y, Yang Y, Guo Q, Zhao H, Liu W. Evaluation of the Potential of Duckweed as a Human Food, Bioethanol Production Feedstock, and Antileukaemia Drug. J Food Biochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/6065283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the potential of duckweed as a human food, ethanol feedstock, and anticancer drug. First, the nutritional value of wild duckweed was reported for the first time. Its main composition was similar to that of artificially cultivated duckweed, and thus, wild duckweed can serve as a great human food source. In addition, high-starch duckweed induced by nutrient starvation was fermented into bioethanol. A yield of 0.262 g/g, the highest duckweed-ethanol yield reported thus far, was achieved, indicating that duckweed is an excellent feedstock for ethanol production. Finally, the anticancer effects of duckweed flavonoids (DFs) were assessed for the first time using acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cells as models in vitro and in vivo. The results revealed that DFs possessed antileukaemia activity and were safe and effective for AML therapy. In conclusion, duckweed was demonstrated to be helpful for humans for food security, energy crisis remediation, and tumour treatment.
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Yang GL. Duckweed Is a Promising Feedstock of Biofuels: Advantages and Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315231. [PMID: 36499555 PMCID: PMC9740428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
With the growing scarcity of traditional sources of energy and the accompanying acute environmental challenges, biofuels based on biomass are favored as the most promising alternative. As one of the core raw materials for biomass energy, research on its production methods and synthesis mechanisms is emerging. In recent years, duckweed has been used as a high-quality new biomass feedstock for its advantages, including fast biomass accumulation, high starch content, high biomass conversion efficiency, and sewage remediation. This study provides a systematic review of the growth characteristics, starch metabolism pathways, and methods to improve starch accumulation in the new energy plant, duckweed. The study also presents a prospect that might be used as a reference for the development of duckweed as a new energy-providing plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
- Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
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11
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Over-Expression of Phosphoserine Aminotransferase-Encoding Gene ( AtPSAT1) Prompts Starch Accumulation in L. turionifera under Nitrogen Starvation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911563. [PMID: 36232863 PMCID: PMC9570139 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that the phosphorylation pathway of L-serine (Ser) biosynthesis (PPSB) is very important in plant growth and development, but whether and how PPSB affects nitrogen metabolism and starch accumulation has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we took the energy plant duckweed (strain Lemna turionifera 5511) as the research object and used a stable genetic transformation system to heterologously over-expressing Arabidopsis AtPSAT1 (the gene encoding phosphoserine aminotransferase, the second enzyme of PPSB). Our results showed that, under nitrogen starvation, the transgenic plants grew faster, with higher values of Fv/Fm, rETR, and Y(II), as well as fresh and dry weight, than the wild-type. More promisingly, the accumulation of starch was also found to be significantly improved when over-expressing AtPSAT1 in the transgenic plants. qRT-PCR analysis results showed that the expression of genes related to nitrogen assimilation, carbon metabolism, and starch biosynthesis was up-regulated, while the expression of starch degradation-related genes was down-regulated by AtPSAT1 over-expression. We propose that the increased starch accumulation caused by AtPSAT1 over-expression may result from both elevated photosynthetic capacity and nitrogen utilization efficiency. This research sheds new light on the mechanism underlying the ability of PPSB to coordinate nitrogen and carbon metabolism, and provides a feasible way to improve starch production, that is, through engineering PPSB in crops.
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Shah S, Li X, Jiang Z, Fahad S, Hassan S. Exploration of the phytohormone regulation of energy storage compound accumulation in microalgae. Food Energy Secur 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Saud Shah
- College of Life Science, Linyi University Linyi City Shandong China
| | - Xiuling Li
- College of Life Science, Linyi University Linyi City Shandong China
| | - Zhaoyu Jiang
- College of Life Science, Linyi University Linyi City Shandong China
| | - Shah Fahad
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University Haikou Hainan China
- Department of Agronomy University of Haripur Haripur Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Shah Hassan
- Department of Agriculture Extenstion The University of Agriculture Peshawar Haripur Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
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13
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Coughlan NE, Walsh É, Ahern R, Burnell G, O’Mahoney R, Kuehnhold H, Jansen MAK. Flow Rate and Water Depth Alters Biomass Production and Phytoremediation Capacity of Lemna minor. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11162170. [PMID: 36015473 PMCID: PMC9416032 DOI: 10.3390/plants11162170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Given its high biomass production, phytoremediation capacity and suitability as a feedstock for animal and human nutrition, duckweeds are valuable multipurpose plants that can underpin circular economy applications. In recent years, the use of duckweeds to mitigate environmental pollution and valorise wastewaters through the removal of excess nitrogen and phosphate from wastewaters has gained considerable scientific attention. However, quantitative data on optimisation of duckweed performance in phytoremediation systems remain scant. In particular, a mechanistical understanding of how physical flows affect duckweed growth and remediation capacity within vertical indoor multi-tiered bioreactors is unknown. Here, effects of flow rate (0.5, 1.5 or 3.0 L min-1) and medium depth (25 mm or 50 mm) on Lemna minor biomass production and phytoremediation capacity were investigated. Results show that flow rates and water depths significantly affect both parameters. L. minor grew best at 1.5 L min-1 maintained at 50 mm, corresponding to a flow velocity of 0.0012 m s-1. The data are interpreted to mean that flow velocities should be low enough not to physically disturb duckweed but still allow for adequate nutrient mixing. The data presented will considerably advance the optimisation of large-scale indoor (multi-tiered, stacked), as well as outdoor (pond, lagoon, canal), duckweed-based remediation of high nutrient wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil E. Coughlan
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, T23 TK30 Cork, Ireland
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, T23 XE10 Cork, Ireland
| | - Éamonn Walsh
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, T23 TK30 Cork, Ireland
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, T23 XE10 Cork, Ireland
| | - Roger Ahern
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, T23 TK30 Cork, Ireland
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, T23 XE10 Cork, Ireland
| | - Gavin Burnell
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, T23 TK30 Cork, Ireland
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, T23 XE10 Cork, Ireland
| | - Rachel O’Mahoney
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, T23 TK30 Cork, Ireland
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, T23 XE10 Cork, Ireland
| | - Holger Kuehnhold
- Department of Ecology, Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Marcel A. K. Jansen
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, T23 TK30 Cork, Ireland
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, T23 XE10 Cork, Ireland
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14
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Makino A, Nakai R, Yoneda Y, Toyama T, Tanaka Y, Meng XY, Mori K, Ike M, Morikawa M, Kamagata Y, Tamaki H. Isolation of Aquatic Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria for the Floating Plant Duckweed (Lemna minor). Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081564. [PMID: 36013982 PMCID: PMC9416352 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) can exert beneficial growth effects on their host plants. Little is known about the phylogeny and growth-promoting mechanisms of PGPB associated with aquatic plants, although those of terrestrial PGPB have been well-studied. Here, we report four novel aquatic PGPB strains, MRB1–4 (NITE P-01645–P-01648), for duckweed Lemna minor from our rhizobacterial collection isolated from Lythrum anceps. The number of L. minor fronds during 14 days co-culture with the strains MRB1–4 increased by 2.1–3.8-fold, compared with an uninoculated control; the plant biomass and chlorophyll content in co-cultures also increased. Moreover, all strains possessed an indole-3-acetic acid production trait in common with a plant growth-promoting trait of terrestrial PGPB. Phylogenetic analysis showed that three strains, MRB-1, -3, and -4, were affiliated with known proteobacterial genera (Bradyrhizobium and Pelomonas); this report is the first to describe a plant-growth promoting activity of Pelomonas members. The gammaproteobacterial strain MRB2 was suggested to be phylogenetically novel at the genus level. Under microscopic observation, the Pelomonas strain MRB3 was epiphytic and adhered to both the root surfaces and fronds of duckweed. The duckweed PGPB obtained here could serve as a new model for understanding unforeseen mechanisms behind aquatic plant-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Makino
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo 062-8517, Hokkaido, Japan; (A.M.); (R.N.)
| | - Ryosuke Nakai
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo 062-8517, Hokkaido, Japan; (A.M.); (R.N.)
| | - Yasuko Yoneda
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8566, Ibaraki, Japan; (Y.Y.); (X.-Y.M.); (Y.K.)
| | - Tadashi Toyama
- Graduate School of Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Kofu 400-8511, Yamanashi, Japan; (T.T.); (K.M.)
| | - Yasuhiro Tanaka
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Kofu 400-8510, Yamanashi, Japan;
| | - Xian-Ying Meng
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8566, Ibaraki, Japan; (Y.Y.); (X.-Y.M.); (Y.K.)
| | - Kazuhiro Mori
- Graduate School of Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Kofu 400-8511, Yamanashi, Japan; (T.T.); (K.M.)
| | - Michihiko Ike
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Masaaki Morikawa
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Hokkaido, Japan;
| | - Yoichi Kamagata
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8566, Ibaraki, Japan; (Y.Y.); (X.-Y.M.); (Y.K.)
| | - Hideyuki Tamaki
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8566, Ibaraki, Japan; (Y.Y.); (X.-Y.M.); (Y.K.)
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
- Biotechnology Research Center, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-29-861-6592
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15
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Li Q, Yi Z, Yang G, Xu Y, Jin Y, Tan L, Du A, He K, Zhao H, Fang Y. Effects of various spectral compositions on micro-polluted water purification and biofuel feedstock production using duckweed. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:52003-52012. [PMID: 35257341 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19488-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The purification of micro-polluted water for drinking water can play an important role in solving water crisis. To investigate the effects of spectral composition on nutrient removal and biofuel feedstock production using duckweed, Landoltia punctata was cultivated in different spectral compositions in micro-polluted water. Results showed that the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency were 99.4% and 93.5% at an recommended red and blue light photon intensity mixture ratio of 2:1. Meanwhile, maximum growth rate of duckweed (11.37 g/m2/day) was observed at red/blue = 2:1. In addition, maximum starch accumulation rate of duckweed was found to be 6.12 g/m2/day, with starch content of 36.63% at red/blue = 4:1, which was three times higher when compared to that of white light. Moreover, the recommended ratio of red and blue light was validated by economic efficiency analysis of energy consumptions. These findings provide a sustainable environmental restoration method to transform water micro-pollutants to available substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuolin Yi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Guili Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaliang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Anping Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kaize He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hai Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yang Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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16
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Petersen F, Demann J, Restemeyer D, Olfs HW, Westendarp H, Appenroth KJ, Ulbrich A. Influence of Light Intensity and Spectrum on Duckweed Growth and Proteins in a Small-Scale, Re-Circulating Indoor Vertical Farm. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11081010. [PMID: 35448738 PMCID: PMC9030439 DOI: 10.3390/plants11081010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Duckweeds can be potentially used in human and animal nutrition, biotechnology or wastewater treatment. To cultivate large quantities of a defined product quality, a standardized production process is needed. A small-scale, re-circulating indoor vertical farm (IVF) with artificial lighting and a nutrient control and dosing system was used for this purpose. The influence of different light intensities (50, 100 and 150 µmol m−2 s−1) and spectral distributions (red/blue ratios: 70/30, 50/50 and 30/70%) on relative growth rate (RGR), crude protein content (CPC), relative protein yield (RPY) and chlorophyll a of the duckweed species Lemna minor and Wolffiella hyalina were investigated. Increasing light intensity increased RGR (by 67% and 76%) and RPY (by 50% and 89%) and decreased chlorophyll a (by 27% and 32%) for L. minor and W. hyalina, respectively. The spectral distributions had no significant impact on any investigated parameter. Wolffiella hyalina achieved higher values in all investigated parameters compared to L. minor. This investigation proved the successful cultivation of duckweed in a small-scale, re-circulating IVF with artificial lighting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finn Petersen
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Landscape Architecture, University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück, Am Krümpel 31, 49090 Osnabrück, Germany; (J.D.); (D.R.); (H.-W.O.); (H.W.); (A.U.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-54-1969-5098
| | - Johannes Demann
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Landscape Architecture, University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück, Am Krümpel 31, 49090 Osnabrück, Germany; (J.D.); (D.R.); (H.-W.O.); (H.W.); (A.U.)
| | - Dina Restemeyer
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Landscape Architecture, University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück, Am Krümpel 31, 49090 Osnabrück, Germany; (J.D.); (D.R.); (H.-W.O.); (H.W.); (A.U.)
| | - Hans-Werner Olfs
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Landscape Architecture, University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück, Am Krümpel 31, 49090 Osnabrück, Germany; (J.D.); (D.R.); (H.-W.O.); (H.W.); (A.U.)
| | - Heiner Westendarp
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Landscape Architecture, University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück, Am Krümpel 31, 49090 Osnabrück, Germany; (J.D.); (D.R.); (H.-W.O.); (H.W.); (A.U.)
| | - Klaus-Juergen Appenroth
- Matthias-Schleiden-Institute–Plant Physiology, University of Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany;
| | - Andreas Ulbrich
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Landscape Architecture, University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück, Am Krümpel 31, 49090 Osnabrück, Germany; (J.D.); (D.R.); (H.-W.O.); (H.W.); (A.U.)
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17
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Highly efficient fermentation of glycerol and 1,3-propanediol using a novel starch as feedstock. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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18
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Guadarrama-Pérez O, Bahena-Rabadan KY, Dehesa-Carrasco U, Guadarrama Pérez VH, Estrada-Arriaga EB. Bioelectricity production using shade macrophytes in constructed wetlands-microbial fuel cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:1532-1543. [PMID: 33092463 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1841306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The coupling of constructed wetlands (CW) to microbial fuel cells (MFC) has become a promising hybrid technology due to its high compatibility to generate electricity and remove pollutants from wastewater. In the present study, the bioelectricity production generated from constructed wetlands-microbial fuel cells (CW-MFCs) was evaluated using four species of shade macrophytes: Aglaonema commutatum, Epipremnum aureum, Dranacaena braunni, and Philodendron cordatum. The CW-MFCs were operated in a continuous upflow mode with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 4 d. The systems were fed with synthetic water without an external carbon source. The bioelectrochemical systems were operated under diffuse radiation conditions (shadow). Philodendron cordatum was the macrophyte species that produced a maximum voltage of 103 mV, with a power density of 12.5 mW/m2. High voltages were obtained when the diffuse radiation in the CW-MFCs was 3000-4000 µmol.m2/s. The maximum production of root exudates was 20.6 mg/L as total organic carbon for the Philodendron cordatum species. Philodendron cordatum was the macrophyte species that obtained high conversion efficiency (0.0014%), compared to other macrophyte species (< 0.0008%). In the CW-MFCs systems it was observed that the bioelectricity production was mainly due to the quantity of the root exudates released into the rhizospheres of the plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Guadarrama-Pérez
- Subcoordinación de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales, Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Jiutepec, México
- Subcoordinación de Posgrado, Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Jiutepec, México
| | | | - Ulises Dehesa-Carrasco
- Coordinación de Riego y Drenaje, Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua, Jiutepec, México
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19
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Demmig-Adams B, López-Pozo M, Polutchko SK, Fourounjian P, Stewart JJ, Zenir MC, Adams WW. Growth and Nutritional Quality of Lemnaceae Viewed Comparatively in an Ecological and Evolutionary Context. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:145. [PMID: 35050033 PMCID: PMC8779320 DOI: 10.3390/plants11020145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on recently characterized traits of the aquatic floating plant Lemna with an emphasis on its capacity to combine rapid growth with the accumulation of high levels of the essential human micronutrient zeaxanthin due to an unusual pigment composition not seen in other fast-growing plants. In addition, Lemna's response to elevated CO2 was evaluated in the context of the source-sink balance between plant sugar production and consumption. These and other traits of Lemnaceae are compared with those of other floating aquatic plants as well as terrestrial plants adapted to different environments. It was concluded that the unique features of aquatic plants reflect adaptations to the freshwater environment, including rapid growth, high productivity, and exceptionally strong accumulation of high-quality vegetative storage protein and human antioxidant micronutrients. It was further concluded that the insensitivity of growth rate to environmental conditions and plant source-sink imbalance may allow duckweeds to take advantage of elevated atmospheric CO2 levels via particularly strong stimulation of biomass production and only minor declines in the growth of new tissue. It is proposed that declines in nutritional quality under elevated CO2 (due to regulatory adjustments in photosynthetic metabolism) may be mitigated by plant-microbe interaction, for which duckweeds have a high propensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Demmig-Adams
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; (S.K.P.); (P.F.); (J.J.S.); (M.C.Z.); (W.W.A.III)
| | - Marina López-Pozo
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48049 Bilbao, Spain;
| | - Stephanie K. Polutchko
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; (S.K.P.); (P.F.); (J.J.S.); (M.C.Z.); (W.W.A.III)
| | - Paul Fourounjian
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; (S.K.P.); (P.F.); (J.J.S.); (M.C.Z.); (W.W.A.III)
- International Lemna Association, Denville, NJ 07832, USA
| | - Jared J. Stewart
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; (S.K.P.); (P.F.); (J.J.S.); (M.C.Z.); (W.W.A.III)
| | - Madeleine C. Zenir
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; (S.K.P.); (P.F.); (J.J.S.); (M.C.Z.); (W.W.A.III)
| | - William W. Adams
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; (S.K.P.); (P.F.); (J.J.S.); (M.C.Z.); (W.W.A.III)
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20
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Xu J, Shen Y, Zheng Y, Smith G, Sun XS, Wang D, Zhao Y, Zhang W, Li Y. Duckweed (Lemnaceae) for potentially nutritious human food: A review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.2012800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Yanting Shen
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Gordon Smith
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Xiuzhi Susan Sun
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Donghai Wang
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Yong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Fishers and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yonghui Li
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
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21
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Chen Y, Li G, Yang J, Zhao X, Sun Z, Hou H. Role of Nramp transporter genes of Spirodela polyrhiza in cadmium accumulation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 227:112907. [PMID: 34673410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As a pollutant, Cd causes severe impact to the environment and damages living organisms. It can be uptaken from the environment by the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (Nramp) in plants. However, the ion absorption function of Nramp transporter genes in Spirodela polyrhiza has not been reported. In this study, SpNramp1, SpNramp2, and SpNramp3 from S. polyrhiza were cloned and their functions were analyzed in S. polyrhiza and yeast. Growth parameters and physicochemical indices of wild-type and transgenic lines were measured under Cd stress. Results revealed that SpNramp1, SpNramp2, and SpNramp3 were identified as plasma membrane-localized transporters, and their roles in transporting Cd were verified in yeast. In S. polyrhiza, SpNramp1 overexpression significantly increased the content of Cd, Fe, Mn, and fresh weight. SpNramp2 overexpression increased Mn and Cd. SpNramp3 overexpression increased Fe and Mn concentrations. These results indicate that SpNramp1, SpNramp2, and SpNramp3 had a different preference for ion absorption. Two S. polyrhiza transgenic lines (OE1 and OE3) were obtained. One of them (OE1) showed a stronger accumulation ability, and the other one (OE3) exhibited tolerance capacity to Cd. This study provides new insight into the functions of SpNramp1, SpNramp2, and SpNramp3 and obtains important enrichment lines (OE1) for manipulating Cd accumulation, phytoremediation, and ecological safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gaojie Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuyao Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, Henan, China
| | - Zuoliang Sun
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongwei Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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22
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Van Dyck I, Vanhoudt N, Vives I Batlle J, Horemans N, Nauts R, Van Gompel A, Claesen J, Vangronsveld J. Effects of environmental parameters on Lemna minor growth: An integrated experimental and modelling approach. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 300:113705. [PMID: 34530368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of surface waters is a worldwide problem for people and wildlife. Remediation and phytoremediation approaches can offer a solution to deal with specific scenarios. Lemna minor, commonly known as duckweed, can absorb and accumulate pollutants in its biomass. To evaluate if L. minor could be applied for phytoremediation purposes, it is necessary to further investigate its remediation capability and to identify which parameters affect the remediation process. Such a model must include both plant growth and pollutant exchange. A remediation model based on a robust experimental study can help to evaluate L. minor as a proper remediation strategy and to predict the outcome of a L. minor based remediation system. To set up this model, this paper focusses on a detailed experimental study and a comprehensive mathematical modelling approach to represent L. minor growth as a function of biomass, temperature, light irradiation and variable nutrient concentrations. The influence of environmental conditions on L. minor growth was studied, by composing 7 days growth curves. Plants were grown under predefined environmental conditions (25°C, 14h photoperiod, 220 μmol m-2 s-1 light intensity and a modified Hoagland solution with 23.94 mg N L-1 and 3.10 mg P L-1 (N:P ratio of 7.73)) as standard for all experiments. The influence of different temperatures (6, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C), light intensities (63, 118, 170, 220 and 262 μmol m-2 s-1), photoperiods (12h and 14h) and N:P ratios (1.18, 3.36, 7.73 and 29.57) were tested in the model. As a result, a growth model was optimised using separate datasets for temperature, light intensity, photoperiod and nutrients and validated by further integrated testing. The growth model is a stable platform for application in phytoremediation of radionuclides in contaminated water, to be extended in future studies with information of pollutant uptake, pollutant-nutrient interactions and transfer to the biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Van Dyck
- Biosphere Impact Studies, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium; Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Nathalie Vanhoudt
- Biosphere Impact Studies, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Jordi Vives I Batlle
- Biosphere Impact Studies, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Nele Horemans
- Biosphere Impact Studies, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium; Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Robin Nauts
- Biosphere Impact Studies, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Axel Van Gompel
- Biosphere Impact Studies, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Jürgen Claesen
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jaco Vangronsveld
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Genome-Wide Identification of the Nramp Gene Family in Spirodela polyrhiza and Expression Analysis under Cadmium Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126414. [PMID: 34203933 PMCID: PMC8232720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural resistance-associated macrophage proteins (Nramps) are specific metal transporters in plants with different functions among various species. The evolutionary and functional information of the Nramp gene family in Spirodela polyrhiza has not been previously reported in detail. To identify the Nramp genes in S. polyrhiza, we performed genome-wide identification, characterization, classification, and cis-elements analysis among 22 species with 138 amino acid sequences. We also conducted chromosomal localization and analyzed the synteny relationship, promoter, subcellular localization, and expression patterns in S. polyrhiza. β-Glucuronidase staining indicated that SpNramp1 and SpNramp3 mainly accumulated in the root and joint between mother and daughter frond. Moreover, SpNramp1 was also widely displayed in the frond. SpNramp2 was intensively distributed in the root and frond. Quantitative real-time PCR results proved that the SpNramp gene expression level was influenced by Cd stress, especially in response to Fe or Mn deficiency. The study provides detailed information on the SpNramp gene family and their distribution and expression, laying a beneficial foundation for functional research.
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Walsh É, Kuehnhold H, O'Brien S, Coughlan NE, Jansen MAK. Light intensity alters the phytoremediation potential of Lemna minor. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:16394-16407. [PMID: 33387327 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11792-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lemnaceae, i.e. duckweed species, are attractive for phytoremediation of wastewaters, primarily due to their rapid growth, high nutrient uptake rates, tolerance to a broad range of growing conditions and ability to expeditiously assimilate a variety of pollutants. Light is essential for plant growth, and therefore, phytoremediation. Nevertheless, the effect of light intensity remains poorly understood in relation to phytoremediation, a knowledge gap that impedes the development of indoor, fully controlled, stacked remediation systems. In the present study, the effect of light intensity (10-850 μmol m-2 s-1) on the phytoremediation potential of Lemna minor was assessed. Plants were grown on either an optimal growth medium (half-strength Hutner's) or synthetic dairy processing wastewater, using stationary axenic (100 mL) or re-circulating non-sterile (11.7 L) systems. The relative growth rate (RGR) of L. minor grown on half-strength Hutner's increased proportionally with increasing light intensity. In contrast, the RGR of L. minor grown on synthetic dairy wastewater did not increase with light over an intensity range from 50 to 850 μmol m-2 s-1. On synthetic dairy wastewater, total nitrogen and total phosphorous removal also remained unchanged between 50 and 850 μmol m-2 s-1, although L. minor protein content (% fresh weight) increased from 1.5 to 2% at higher light intensities. Similar results were obtained with the larger re-circulating system. The results demonstrate interactive effects of light intensity and wastewater composition on growth and phytoremediation potential of L. minor. The data imply that light intensities above 50 μmol m-2 s-1 may not necessarily confer benefits in duckweed wastewater remediation, and this informs engineering of stacked, indoor remediation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éamonn Walsh
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland.
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Lee Road, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Holger Kuehnhold
- Department of Ecology, Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Bremen, Germany
| | - Seán O'Brien
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Lee Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - Neil E Coughlan
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Lee Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marcel A K Jansen
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, North Mall, Cork, Ireland
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Lee Road, Cork, Ireland
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25
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Agronomic and Environmental Performance of Lemnaminor Cultivated on Agricultural Wastewater Streams—A Practical Approach. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13031570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the potential of Lemna minor to valorise agricultural wastewater in protein-rich feed material in order to meet the growing demand for animal feed protein and reduce the excess of nutrients in certain European regions. For this purpose, three pilot-scale systems were monitored for 175 days under outdoor conditions in Flanders. The systems were fed with the effluent of aquaculture (pikeperch production—PP), a mixture of diluted pig manure wastewater (PM), and a synthetic medium (SM). PM showed the highest productivity (6.1 ± 2.5 g DW m−2 d−1) and N uptake (327 ± 107 mg N m−2 d−1). PP yielded a similar productivity and both wastewaters resulted in higher productivities than SM. Furthermore, all media showed similar P uptake rates (65–70 P m−2 d−1). Finally, duckweed had a beneficial amino acid composition for humans (essential amino acid index = 1.1), broilers and pigs. This study also showed that the growing medium had more influence on the productivity of duckweed than on its amino acid composition or protein content, with the latter being only slightly affected by the different media studied. Overall, these results demonstrate that duckweed can effectively remove nutrients from agriculture wastewaters while producing quality protein.
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26
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Yang GL, Huang MJ, Tan AJ, Lv SM. Joint effects of naphthalene and microcystin-LR on physiological responses and toxin bioaccumulation of Landoltia punctata. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 231:105710. [PMID: 33338701 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The co-contamination of naphthalene (NAP) and microcystin-LR (MC-LR) commonly occurs in eutrophic waters. However, the joint effects of NAP and MC-LR on plants in aquatic environments remain unknown. Landoltia punctata is characterized by high starch yields and high biomass in polluted waters and has been proven to be a bioenergy crop and phytoremediation plant. In this study, L. punctata was cultured in a nutrient medium with environmentally relevant NAP (0.1, 1, 3, 5, and 10 μg/L) and MC-LR (5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 μg/L) to determine individual and joint toxic effects. The effects of NAP and MC-LR on physiological responses of L. punctata, including growth, starch accumulation, and antioxidant responses, were studied. Bioaccumulation of MC-LR in L. punctata, with or without NAP, was also examined. The results showed that growth and chlorophyll-a contents of L. punctata were reduced at high concentrations of MC-LR (≥ 25 μg/L), NAP (≥ 10 μg/L) and their mixture (≥ 10 + 1 μg/L) after exposure for 7 d. Starch accumulation in L. punctata did not decrease when exposed to NAP and MC-LR, and higher starch content of 29.8 % ± 2.7 % DW could be due to the destruction of starch-degrading enzymes. The antioxidant responses of L. punctata were stronger after exposure to MC-LR + NAP than when exposed to a single pollutant, although not enough to avoid oxidative damage. NAP enhanced the bioaccumulation of MC-LR in L. punctata when NAP concentration was higher than 5 μg/L, suggesting that higher potentials of MC-LR phytoremediation with L. punctata may be observed in NAP and MC-LR co-concomitant waters. This study provides theoretical support for the application of duckweed in eutrophic waters containing organic chemical pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Li Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Conservation and Germplasm Innovation of Mountain Plant Resources, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Meng-Jun Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials & Remediation Technologies, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Ai-Juan Tan
- College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Conservation and Germplasm Innovation of Mountain Plant Resources, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shi-Ming Lv
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 50025, China.
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27
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Sun Z, Guo W, Yang J, Zhao X, Chen Y, Yao L, Hou H. Enhanced biomass production and pollutant removal by duckweed in mixotrophic conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 317:124029. [PMID: 32916457 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Duckweed is a potential biomass source for alternative energy production. This work reports the effects of trophic modes on growth rates, biomass accumulation, and removal rates of pollutant by duckweed. Glucose, fructose, galactose, sucrose, and maltose all supported heterotrophic and mixotrophic growth of duckweed. The mixotrophic growth rate was 4.98 and 6.22 times higher than those in heterotrophic and photoautotrophic conditions, respectively. Notably, mixotrophy produced more biomass than the simple sum of the biomass accumulation during heterotrophy and photoautotrophy. Mixotrophy was also superior in starch and protein production, as well as in removal rates of nutrients and organic carbon from the growth medium. However, the starch content of duckweed grown heterotrophically was 2.06 times higher than in mixotrophy, suggesting a combination of mixotrophy and heterotrophy as an effective strategy for starch-rich biomass production. This study thus provides a paradigm for future studies supporting duckweed-based biomass production and organic wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoliang Sun
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Wenjun Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xuyao Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yan Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Lunguang Yao
- College of Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Henan, PR China
| | - Hongwei Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
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28
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Li X, Wu S, Yang C, Zeng G. Microalgal and duckweed based constructed wetlands for swine wastewater treatment: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 318:123858. [PMID: 32732065 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Constructed wetlands for swine wastewater treatment have been one of the most exciting research topics. Usually hydrophytes based constructed wetlands could not adapt well to high concentration of ammonia nitrogen in swine wastewater, while microalgal and duckweed based constructed wetlands are promising for the nutrient removal. In this critical review, the important roles of microalgae and duckweeds played in wastewater treatment in constructed wetlands were first summarized. Performances including biomass growth, nutrient removal capacities and mechanisms of microalgal and duckweed based constructed wetlands were reviewed for swine wastewater treatment. Challenges for the applications of constructed wetlands including microalgal and duckweed based ones were discussed which includes a better understanding and utilization of synergistic effects among microalgae and duckweeds, difficulty and costs in harvesting biomass, applications in various field conditions including low temperatures, and selections of various types of microalgal and duckweed species. Future research needs were also proposed accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China
| | - Shaohua Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China
| | - Chunping Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong 525000, China; Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Organic Pollution Control of Urban Water and Wastewater, Changsha, Hunan 410001, China.
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
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29
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Paterson JB, Camargo‐Valero MA, Baker A. Uncoupling growth from phosphorus uptake in Lemna: Implications for use of duckweed in wastewater remediation and P recovery in temperate climates. Food Energy Secur 2020; 9:e244. [PMID: 33381300 PMCID: PMC7757166 DOI: 10.1002/fes3.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for crop growth and the second most limiting after N. Current supplies rely on P-rich rocks that are unevenly distributed globally and exploited unsustainably, leading to concerns about future availability and therefore food security. Duckweeds (Lemnaceae) are aquatic macrophytes used in wastewater remediation with the potential for nutrient recycling as feed or fertilizer. The use of duckweeds in this way is confined to tropical regions as it has previously been assumed that growth in the colder seasons of the temperate regions would be insufficient. In this study, the combined effects of cool temperatures and short photoperiods on growth and P uptake and accumulation in Lemna were investigated under controlled laboratory conditions. Growth and P accumulation in Lemna can be uncoupled, with significant P removal from the medium and accumulation within the plants occurring even at 8°C and 6-hr photoperiods. Direct measurement of radiolabeled phosphate uptake confirmed that while transport is strongly temperature dependent, uptake can still be measured at 5°C. Prior phosphate starvation of the duckweed and use of nitrate as the nitrogen (N) source also greatly increased the rate of P removal and in-cell accumulation. These results form the basis for further examination of the feasibility of duckweed-based systems for wastewater treatment and P recapture in temperate climates, particularly in small, rural treatment works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaimie B. Paterson
- Centre for Plant SciencesSchool of Molecular and Cellular BiologyFaculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
- BioResource Systems Research GroupSchool of Civil EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
- Present address:
The Environment AgencySouth PrestonUK
| | - Miller Alonso Camargo‐Valero
- BioResource Systems Research GroupSchool of Civil EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
- Departamento de Ingeniería QuímicaUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaManizalesColombia
| | - Alison Baker
- Centre for Plant SciencesSchool of Molecular and Cellular BiologyFaculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
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30
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Yadav SK, Khatri K, Rathore MS, Jha B. Ectopic Expression of a Transmembrane Protein KaCyt b 6 from a Red Seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii in Transgenic Tobacco Augmented the Photosynthesis and Growth. DNA Cell Biol 2020:dna.2020.5479. [PMID: 32865429 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.5479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome b6f complex is a thylakoid membrane-localized protein and catalyses the transfer of electrons from plastoquinol to plastocyanin in photosynthetic electron transport chain. In the present study, Cytochrome b6 (KaCyt b6) gene from Kappaphycus alvarezii (a red seaweed) was overexpressed in tobacco. A 935 base pair (bp) long KaCyt b6 cDNA contained an open reading frame of 648 bp encoding a protein of 215 amino acids with an expected isoelectric point of 8.67 and a molecular mass of 24.37 kDa. The KaCyt b6 gene was overexpressed in tobacco under control of CaMV35S promoter. The transgenic tobacco had higher electron transfer rate and photosynthetic yield over wild-type and vector control tobacco. The KaCyt b6 tobacco also exhibited significantly higher photosynthetic gas exchange (PN) and improved water use efficiency. The transgenic plants had higher ratio of PN and intercellular CO2. The KaCyt b6 transgenic tobacco showed higher estimates of photosystem II quantum yield, higher activity of the water-splitting complex, PSII photochemistry, and photochemical quenching. The basal quantum yield of nonphotochemical processes in PSII was recorded lower in KaCyt b6 tobacco. Transgenic tobacco contained higher contents of carotenoids and total chlorophyll and also had better ratios of chlorophyll a and b, and carotenoids and total chlorophyll contents hence improved photosynthetic efficiency and production of sugar and starch. The KaCyt b6 transgenic plants performed superior under control and greenhouse conditions. To the best of our knowledge through literature survey, this is the first report on characterization of KaCyt b6 gene from K. alvarezii for enhanced photosynthetic efficiency and growth in tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta K Yadav
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kusum Khatri
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar, India
| | - Mangal S Rathore
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Division of Applied Phycology and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhavnagar, India
| | - Bhavanath Jha
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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31
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Chen D, Zhang H, Wang Q, Shao M, Li X, Chen D, Zeng R, Song Y. Intraspecific variations in cadmium tolerance and phytoaccumulation in giant duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 395:122672. [PMID: 32305716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Duckweeds are widely recognized for the heavy metal phytoremediation. However, the intraspecific variations in biological responses of duckweeds to heavy metal remain largely unknown. Here, the toxicity and phytoaccumulation of cadmium (Cd) were synchronously evaluated in 30 accessions of giant duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza) collected from different provenances in Southern China. Exposure to 1 μM Cd decreased relative growth rates of dry weight, fronds number and fronds area, as well as photosynthetic pigment contents, while it increased H2O2 accumulation, lipid peroxidation and activities of anti-oxidant enzymes in the majority of accessions. Cd treatment led to remarkable Cd accumulation but little changes in the starch content in giant duckweed. The biological responses to Cd varied among the accessions. Further correlation analysis indicated that growth traits and Cd concentration were positively correlated with Cd accumulation, while the contents of chlorophyll, H2O2 and MDA were negatively associated with Cd accumulation. Our results proved the great intraspecific variation in Cd tolerance of giant duckweed, suggesting a valuable natural resource for Cd phytoremediation. Moreover, different mechanisms may be exploited by S. polyrhiza for phytoaccumulation, but growth maintenance, Cd uptake and antioxidative enzyme-independent ROS-scavenging under Cd exposure are the common mechanisms contributing to Cd accumulation ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoqian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qiongli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Min Shao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Dongmei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Rensen Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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32
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Iwano H, Hatohara S, Tagawa T, Tamaki H, Li YY, Kubota K. Effect of treated sewage characteristics on duckweed biomass production and microbial communities. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 82:292-302. [PMID: 32941171 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Duckweed biomass production in a duckweed pond fed with three differently treated sewage (i.e. sewage treated by primary sedimentation (PS); conventional activated sludge process (CAS); and downflow hanging sponge process (DHS)) was evaluated in order to assess the effects of water quality on biomass yield. Higher and stable biomass production was observed when the duckweed pond was fed with PS or DHS-effluent than with CAS-effluent, evidently due to the difference in nutrient loads. Availability of nutrients, especially phosphorus, affected the biomass production rate: higher the nutrient, faster the production. Microbial community analysis revealed that the members of Rhizobiales were likely to contribute to stable and high biomass growth. From the results of the study, a sewage treatment system consisting of a primary sedimentation followed by a duckweed pond and a tertiary treatment unit can be proposed to maximize biomass production without compromising treatment objectives. Size and operational parameters of the duckweed pond should be determined primarily based on the nutrient availability in the influent water to maximize duckweed growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Iwano
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan E-mail:
| | - Syo Hatohara
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan E-mail:
| | - Tadashi Tagawa
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kagawa College, 355 Chokushi, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-8058, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Tamaki
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Yu-You Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan E-mail:
| | - Kengo Kubota
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan E-mail:
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Shao J, Liu Z, Ding Y, Wang J, Li X, Yang Y. Biosynthesis of the starch is improved by the supplement of nickel (Ni 2+) in duckweed (Landoltia punctata). JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2020; 133:587-596. [PMID: 32458160 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-020-01204-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Duckweed is a kind of floating aquatic plant and increasing its starch production is favorable for bioenergy. In this study, we found that starch biosynthesis was greatly promoted by the supplement of nickel ion (Ni2+) through the comparison of other different ions. The starch content in duckweed was increased by nearly eightfold when duckweed was treated with 20 µM Ni2+. The analysis of paraffin sections visually found that starch granules were more complete and dark blue in Ni2+ treated duckweed than the control. Quantitative real-time PCR demonstrated that the expressions of starch synthesis-related enzymes were up-regulated in Ni2+ treated duckweed. Further analysis revealed that the accumulation of Ni2+ in duckweed effectively increased the activity of urease, which compensated for the deficiency of certain decrease in biomass and accelerated biosynthesis of the starch. Thus, our results represent another strategy to improve starch production of duckweed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Shao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Zhibin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yongqiang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jianmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xufeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610064, China.
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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Stewart JJ, Adams WW, Escobar CM, López-Pozo M, Demmig-Adams B. Growth and Essential Carotenoid Micronutrients in Lemna gibba as a Function of Growth Light Intensity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:480. [PMID: 32457770 PMCID: PMC7221200 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Duckweed is a promising food crop with multiple benefits for space applications. Fresh duckweed could deliver synergistically acting essential antioxidant nutrients to a crew - but only if growth conditions provide the plant with the right cues to trigger antioxidant formation. We grew Lemna gibba under continuous growth light ranging from low to very high intensities (photosynthetic photon flux densities = PPFDs) in order to investigate the effect on plant growth, photosynthesis, and level of carotenoid antioxidants that are essential human micronutrients. Lemna gibba achieved remarkably high growth rates under modest growth PPFD by virtue of superior light absorption resulting from minimal self-shading and high chlorophyll levels. Conversely, L. gibba's growth rate remained high even under very high growth PPFDs. This notable ability of L. gibba to avoid inactivation of photosynthesis and diminished growth under very high growth PPFDs resulted from a combination of downregulation of chlorophyll synthesis and increased biochemical photoprotection that limited a build-up of excessive excitation energy. This biochemical photoprotection included accumulation of zeaxanthin (an essential human micronutrient) and high levels of zeaxanthin-catalyzed thermal energy dissipation of excess excitation. Compared to the light levels needed to saturate L. gibba photosynthesis and growth, higher light levels were thus required for strong induction of the essential antioxidant zeaxanthin. These results indicate a need for design of light protocols that achieve simultaneous optimization of plant yield, nutritional quality, and light-use efficiency to circumvent the fact that the light requirement to saturate plant growth is lower than that for production of high zeaxanthin levels. How this trade-off between light-use efficiency of growth and nutritional quality might be minimized or circumvented to co-optimize all desired features is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared J. Stewart
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - William W. Adams
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Christine M. Escobar
- Aerospace Engineering Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
- Space Lab Technologies, LLC, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Marina López-Pozo
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Barbara Demmig-Adams
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
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Liu Y, Wang Y, Xu S, Tang X, Zhao J, Yu C, He G, Xu H, Wang S, Tang Y, Fu C, Ma Y, Zhou G. Efficient genetic transformation and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing in Lemna aequinoctialis. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 17:2143-2152. [PMID: 30972865 PMCID: PMC6790374 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The fast growth, ease of metabolic labelling and potential for feedstock and biofuels production make duckweeds not only an attractive model system for understanding plant biology, but also a potential future crop. However, current duckweed research is constrained by the lack of efficient genetic manipulation tools. Here, we report a case study on genome editing in a duckweed species, Lemna aequinoctialis, using a fast and efficient transformation and CRISPR/Cas9 tool. By optimizing currently available transformation protocols, we reduced the duration time of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation to 5-6 weeks with a success rate of over 94%. Based on the optimized transformation protocol, we generated 15 (14.3% success rate) biallelic LaPDS mutants that showed albino phenotype using a CRISPR/Cas9 system. Investigations on CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutation spectrum among mutated L. aequinoctialis showed that most of mutations were short insertions and deletions. This study presents the first example of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing in duckweeds, which will open new research avenues in using duckweeds for both basic and applied research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- College of Resources and EnvironmentQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Shuqing Xu
- Institute for Evolution and BiodiversityUniversity of MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Xianfeng Tang
- College of Resources and EnvironmentQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Jinshan Zhao
- College of Resources and EnvironmentQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Changjiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Guo He
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Hua Xu
- College of Resources and EnvironmentQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Shumin Wang
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Yali Tang
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Chunxiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Yubin Ma
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Gongke Zhou
- College of Resources and EnvironmentQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
- Key Laboratory of BiofuelsQingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and EnvironmentShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy GeneticsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina
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de Souza Moretti MM, Yu W, Zou W, Franco CML, Albertin LL, Schenk PM, Gilbert RG. Relationship between the molecular structure of duckweed starch and its in vitro enzymatic degradation kinetics. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 139:244-251. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Barbosa Neto A, Morais M, Dutra E, Calsa Junior T. Biological diversity of Lemna aequinoctialis Welw. isolates influences biomass production and wastewater phytoremediation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Pagliuso D, Grandis A, Igarashi ES, Lam E, Buckeridge MS. Correlation of Apiose Levels and Growth Rates in Duckweeds. Front Chem 2018; 6:291. [PMID: 30079335 PMCID: PMC6062639 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The carbon assimilated by photosynthesis in plants can be partitioned into starch, soluble sugars, and cell wall polymers. Higher levels of starch accumulation in leaves are usually correlated with a lower growth capacity. Duckweeds are fast-growing aquatic monocot plants that can accumulate high levels of starch. They are an unusual group because their cell wall has very low levels of lignin while accumulating apiogalacturonan, a pectic polysaccharide that could be involved with boron assimilation. In this work, five duckweed species from different genera (Spirodela polyrhiza, Landoltia punctata, Lemna gibba, Wolffiella caudata, and Wolffia borealis) were cultivated under two light intensities (20 and 500 μmoles of photons m−2 s−1) to evaluate the effects of growth rate on carbohydrate metabolism. A comparative analysis was performed by measuring their relative growth rates (RGR), and their content for starch, as well as soluble and cell wall carbohydrates. We found that the faster-growing species (the Lemnoideae) accumulate lower starch and higher soluble sugars than the slower-growing species within the Wolffioideae. Interestingly, analysis of the cell wall monosaccharides revealed that the slower-growing species displayed lower content of apiose in their walls. Our results indicate that higher accumulation of apiose observed in cell walls of the Lemnoideae species, which likely correlates with a higher proportion of apiogalacturonan, may lead to higher efficiency in the assimilation of boron. This is consistent with the increased RGR observed under conditions with higher apiose in the cell wall, such as higher light intensity. Consistent with their lower growth capacity, the Wolffioideae species we studied shows higher starch accumulation in comparison with the Lemnoideae species. We suggest that apiose levels could be good biomarkers for growth capacity of duckweeds and suggest that boron uptake could be an important factor for growth control in this aquatic plant family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Pagliuso
- Laboratory of Plant Physiological Ecology, Department of Botany, Systems and Synthetic Biology Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Grandis
- Laboratory of Plant Physiological Ecology, Department of Botany, Systems and Synthetic Biology Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eglee S Igarashi
- Laboratory of Plant Physiological Ecology, Department of Botany, Systems and Synthetic Biology Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eric Lam
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Marcos S Buckeridge
- Laboratory of Plant Physiological Ecology, Department of Botany, Systems and Synthetic Biology Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Liu Y, Chen X, Wang X, Fang Y, Huang M, Guo L, Zhang Y, Zhao H. Improving biomass and starch accumulation of bioenergy crop duckweed (Landoltia punctata) by abscisic acid application. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9544. [PMID: 29934519 PMCID: PMC6015002 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27944-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Duckweed is a valuable feedstock for bioethanol production due to its high biomass and starch accumulation. In our preliminary experiment, we found that abscisic acid (ABA) could simultaneously increase starch and biomass accumulation of duckweed, but the mechanisms are still unclear. The results showed that the biomass production of duckweed reached up to 59.70 and 63.93 g m−2 in 6 days, respectively, with an increase of 7% (P < 0.05) compared to the control. The starch percentage increased from 2.29% up to 46.18% after 14 days of treatment, with a total of starch level 2.6-fold higher than that of the control. Moreover, the level of endogenous ABA, zeatin-riboside (ZR) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) increased, while gibberellins (GAs) decreased. Notably, ABA content in treated samples reached 336.5 mg/kg (fresh weight), which was 7.5-fold greater than that of the control. Importantly, the enzyme activities involved in starch biosynthesis increased while those catalyzing starch degradation decreased after ABA application. Taken together, these results indicated that ABA can promote biomass and starch accumulation by regulating endogenous hormone levels and the activity of starch metabolism related key enzymes. These results will provide an operable method for high starch accumulation in duckweed for biofuels production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610106, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- School of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610106, China
| | - Xinhui Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610106, China
| | - Yang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.,Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Mengjun Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials & Remediation Technologies, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, 402160, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.,Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610106, China.,Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610106, China
| | - Hai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China. .,Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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40
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Evans EM, Freund DM, Sondervan VM, Cohen JD, Hegeman AD. Metabolic Patterns in Spirodela polyrhiza Revealed by 15N Stable Isotope Labeling of Amino Acids in Photoautotrophic, Heterotrophic, and Mixotrophic Growth Conditions. Front Chem 2018; 6:191. [PMID: 29904627 PMCID: PMC5990592 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we describe a [15N] stable isotopic labeling study of amino acids in Spirodela polyrhiza (common duckweed) grown under three different light and carbon input conditions which represent unique potential metabolic modes. Plants were grown with a light cycle, either with supplemental sucrose (mixotrophic) or without supplemental sucrose (photoautotrophic) and in the dark with supplemental sucrose (heterotrophic). Labeling patterns, pool sizes (both metabolically active and inactive), and kinetics/turnover rates were estimated for 17 of the proteinogenic amino acids. Estimation of these parameters followed several overall trends. First, most amino acids showed plateaus in labeling patterns of <100% [15N]-labeling, indicating the possibility of a large proportion of amino acids residing in metabolically inactive metabolite pools. Second, total pool sizes appear largest in the dark (heterotrophic) condition, whereas active pool sizes appeared to be largest in the light with sucrose (mixotrophic) growth condition. In contrast turnover measurements based on pool size were highest overall in the light with sucrose experiment, with the exception of leucine/isoleucine, lysine, and arginine, which all showed higher turnover in the dark. K-means clustering analysis also revealed more rapid turnover in the light treatments with many amino acids clustering in lower-turnover groups. Emerging insights from other research were also supported, such as the prevalence of alternate pathways for serine metabolism in non-photosynthetic cells. These data provide extensive novel information on amino acid pool size and kinetics in S. polyrhiza and can serve as groundwork for future metabolic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Evans
- Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, United States.,Plant and Microbial Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Dana M Freund
- Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, United States.,Plant and Microbial Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Veronica M Sondervan
- Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Jerry D Cohen
- Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, United States.,Plant and Microbial Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Adrian D Hegeman
- Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, United States.,Plant and Microbial Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, United States.,Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN, United States
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41
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Liu C, Feng Q, Yang J, Qi X. Catalytic production of levulinic acid and ethyl levulinate from uniconazole-induced duckweed (Lemna minor). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 255:50-57. [PMID: 29414172 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Duckweed (Lemna minor) with a high starch content of 50.4% was cultivated by uniconazole-induction method. The cultivated duckweed was used to produce value-added chemicals such as glucose, levulinic acid and formic acid in diluted HCl aqueous solution. A high glucose yield of 93.4% (471 g/kg based on loading duckweed mass) could be achieved at 180 °C in short reaction time, and the generated glucose was converted into levulinic acid and formic acid with yields of 52.0% and 34.1%, respectively, for 150 min, corresponding to 262 g/kg levulinic acid yield and 171 g/kg formic acid yield based on the mass of loading duckweed, respectively. Moreover, the duckweed was efficiently converted to ethyl levulinate with 55.2% yield (400.6 g/kg) at 200 °C in ethanol. This work provides a promising strategy for the production of value-added chemicals from phytoplankton that is able to purify the wastewater containing high content of P and N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunguang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qingna Feng
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300191, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jirui Yang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Xinhua Qi
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300191, China.
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Ma YB, Zhu M, Yu CJ, Wang Y, Liu Y, Li ML, Sun YD, Zhao JS, Zhou GK. Large-scale screening and characterisation of Lemna aequinoctialis and Spirodela polyrhiza strains for starch production. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2018; 20:357-364. [PMID: 29222918 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Duckweed is considered a promising feedstock for bioethanol production due to its high biomass and starch production. Selection of duckweed strains with high starch accumulation is essential for application of duckweeds to bioethanol production. Geographic differentiation had a large influence on genetic diversity of duckweeds. Biomass production, starch content and starch amount in geographically isolated strains of 20 Lemna aequinoctialis and Spirodela polyrhiza were calculated to evaluate their potential for bioethanol production. The influence of different collection time, culture medium and NaCl concentration on starch accumulation of the best strains were analysed. The results showed that biomass production, starch content and starch production of duckweeds demonstrated clonal dependency. The best strain was L. aequinoctialis 6000, with biomass production of 15.38 ± 1.47 g m-2 , starch content of 28.68 ± 1.10% and starch production of 4.39 ± 0.25 g m-2 . Furthermore, starch content of L. aequinoctialis 6000 was highest after 8 h of light, tap water was the best medium for starch induction, and NaCl did not induce starch accumulation. This study suggests duckweed biomass production and starch production demonstrate clonal dependency, indicating that extensive clonal comparisons will be required to identify the most suitable isolates for duckweed selective breeding for bioethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - M Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - C J Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Y Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Y Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - M L Li
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Y D Sun
- Qingdao Institute of Animal Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - J S Zhao
- Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - G K Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
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Kaur M, Kumar M, Sachdeva S, Puri SK. Aquatic weeds as the next generation feedstock for sustainable bioenergy production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 251:390-402. [PMID: 29254877 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.11.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Increasing oil prices and depletion of existing fossil fuel reserves, combined with the continuous rise in greenhouse gas emissions, have fostered the need to explore and develop new renewable bioenergy feedstocks that do not require arable land and freshwater resources. In this regard, prolific biomass growth of invasive aquatic weeds in wastewater has gained much attention in recent years in utilizing them as a potential feedstock for bioenergy production. Aquatic weeds have an exceptionally higher reproduction rates and are rich in cellulose and hemicellulose with a very low lignin content that makes them an efficient next generation biofuel crop. Considering their potential as an effective phytoremediators, this review presents a model of integrated aquatic biomass production, phytoremediation and bioenergy generation to reduce the land, fresh water and fertilizer usage for sustainable and economical bioenergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Kaur
- Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Sector 43, Faridabad, Haryana 121004, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL), R&D Centre, Sector 13, Faridabad 121007 Haryana, India.
| | - Sarita Sachdeva
- Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Sector 43, Faridabad, Haryana 121004, India
| | - S K Puri
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL), R&D Centre, Sector 13, Faridabad 121007 Haryana, India
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Chen G, Fang Y, Huang J, Zhao Y, Li Q, Lai F, Xu Y, Tian X, He K, Jin Y, Tan L, Zhao H. Duckweed systems for eutrophic water purification through converting wastewater nutrients to high-starch biomass: comparative evaluation of three different genera (Spirodela polyrhiza, Lemna minor and Landoltia punctata) in monoculture or polyculture. RSC Adv 2018; 8:17927-17937. [PMID: 35542060 PMCID: PMC9080494 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01856a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study provides a new insight into the application of duckweed in eutrophic water advanced treatment and starch production.
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45
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Yaseen DA, Scholz M. Treatment of synthetic textile wastewater containing dye mixtures with microcosms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:1980-1997. [PMID: 29110231 PMCID: PMC5766706 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0633-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to assess the ability of microcosms (laboratory-scale shallow ponds) as a post polishing stage for the remediation of artificial textile wastewater comprising two commercial dyes (basic red 46 (BR46) and reactive blue 198 (RB198)) as a mixture. The objectives were to evaluate the impact of Lemna minor L. (common duckweed) on the water quality outflows; the elimination of dye mixtures, organic matter, and nutrients; and the impact of synthetic textile wastewater comprising dye mixtures on the L. minor plant growth. Three mixtures were prepared providing a total dye concentration of 10 mg/l. Findings showed that the planted simulated ponds possess a significant (p < 0.05) potential for improving the outflow characteristics and eliminate dyes, ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N), and nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) in all mixtures compared with the corresponding unplanted ponds. The removal of mixed dyes in planted ponds was mainly due to phyto-transformation and adsorption of BR46 with complete aromatic amine mineralisation. For ponds containing 2 mg/l of RB198 and 8 mg/l of BR46, removals were around 53%, which was significantly higher than those for other mixtures: 5 mg/l of RB198 and 5 mg/l of BR46 and 8 mg/l of RB198 and 2 mg/l of BR46 achieved only 41 and 26% removals, respectively. Dye mixtures stopped the growth of L. minor, and the presence of artificial wastewater reduced their development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina A Yaseen
- Civil Engineering Research Group, School of Computing, Science and Engineering, The University of Salford, Newton Building, Greater Manchester, M5 4WT, UK
| | - Miklas Scholz
- Civil Engineering Research Group, School of Computing, Science and Engineering, The University of Salford, Newton Building, Greater Manchester, M5 4WT, UK.
- Division of Water Resources Engineering, Department of Building and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden.
- Department of Civil Engineering Science, School of Civil Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, Kingsway Campus, PO Box 524, Aukland Park Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa.
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46
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Guo L, Ding Y, Xu Y, Li Z, Jin Y, He K, Fang Y, Zhao H. Responses of Landoltia punctata to cobalt and nickel: Removal, growth, photosynthesis, antioxidant system and starch metabolism. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 190:87-93. [PMID: 28697459 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Landoltia punctata has been considered as a potential bioenergy crop due to its high biomass and starch yields in different cultivations. Cobalt and nickel are known to induce starch accumulation in duckweed. We monitored the growth rate, net photosynthesis rate, total chlorophyll content, Rubisco activity, Co2+ and Ni2+ contents, activity of antioxidant enzymes, starch content and activity of related enzymes under various concentrations of cobalt and nickel. The results indicate that Co2+ and Ni2+ (≤0.5mgL-1) can facilitate growth in the beginning. Although the growth rate, net photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll content and Rubisco activity were significantly inhibited at higher concentrations (5mgL-1), the starch content increased sharply up to 53.3% dry weight (DW) in L. punctata. These results were attributed to the increase in adenosine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) and soluble starch synthase (SSS) activities and the decrease in α-amylase activity upon exposure to excess Co2+ and Ni2+. In addition, a substantial increase in the antioxidant enzyme activities and high flavonoid contents in L. punctata may have largely resulted in the metal tolerance. Furthermore, the high Co2+ and Ni2+ contents (2012.9±18.8 and 1997.7±29.2mgkg-1 DW) in the tissue indicate that L. punctata is a hyperaccumulator. Thus, L. punctata can be considered as a potential candidate for the simultaneous bioremediation of Co2+- and Ni2+-polluted water and high-quality biomass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Guo
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanqiang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaliang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhidan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanling Jin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kaize He
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Hai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Ishizawa H, Kuroda M, Morikawa M, Ike M. Evaluation of environmental bacterial communities as a factor affecting the growth of duckweed Lemna minor. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:62. [PMID: 28293292 PMCID: PMC5345205 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0746-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duckweed (family Lemnaceae) has recently been recognized as an ideal biomass feedstock for biofuel production due to its rapid growth and high starch content, which inspired interest in improving their productivity. Since microbes that co-exist with plants are known to have significant effects on their growth according to the previous studies for terrestrial plants, this study has attempted to understand the plant-microbial interactions of a duckweed, Lemna minor, focusing on the growth promotion/inhibition effects so as to assess the possibility of accelerated duckweed production by modifying co-existing bacterial community. RESULTS Co-cultivation of aseptic L. minor and bacterial communities collected from various aquatic environments resulted in changes in duckweed growth ranging from -24 to +14% compared to aseptic control. A number of bacterial strains were isolated from both growth-promoting and growth-inhibitory communities, and examined for their co-existing effects on duckweed growth. Irrespective of the source, each strain showed promotive, inhibitory, or neutral effects when individually co-cultured with L. minor. To further analyze the interactions among these bacterial strains in a community, binary combinations of promotive and inhibitory strains were co-cultured with aseptic L. minor, resulting in that combinations of promotive-promotive or inhibitory-inhibitory strains generally showed effects similar to those of individual strains. However, combinations of promotive-inhibitory strains tended to show inhibitory effects while only Aquitalea magnusonii H3 exerted its plant growth-promoting effect in all combinations tested. CONCLUSION Significant change in biomass production was observed when duckweed was co-cultivated with environmental bacterial communities. Promotive, neutral, and inhibitory bacteria in the community would synergistically determine the effects. The results indicate the possibility of improving duckweed biomass production via regulation of co-existing bacterial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiro Ishizawa
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Masashi Kuroda
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Masaaki Morikawa
- Division of Biosphere Science, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, N10-W5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0810 Japan
| | - Michihiko Ike
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
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Chen L, Yu C, Ma Y, Xu H, Wang S, Wang Y, Liu X, Zhou G. Insights into the structural and physicochemical properties of small granular starches from two hydrophyte duckweeds, Spirodela oligorrhiza and Lemna minor. Carbohydr Res 2016; 435:208-214. [PMID: 27816839 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The structure and physicochemical properties of starches from two hydrophyte duckweeds, Spirodela oligorrhiza and Lemna minor, were investigated and compared in this study. The amylose content and average size of starches were determined to be 20.85%, 4.70 μm and 27.77%, 6.17 μm for Spirodela oligorrhiza and Lemna minor, respectively. The average chain length of two duckweed starches was measured to be around DP 28. The chain length distribution was observed to be greatly different from other reported starches for the high proportion of long chains (DP ≥ 37) over 50%. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction profiles of the two starch samples displayed typical B-type diffraction pattern. The gelatinization enthalpy-changes (ΔHgel) of two starch samples was about 10.40 J/g for two duckweed starches. The present results suggested the potential utilization of small granular starches from duckweed in functional foods and dietary supplement products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Changjiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yubin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Shumin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xingxun Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology (IFST), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Gongke Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resources and Environment, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
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49
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Positive effects of duckweed polycultures on starch and protein accumulation. Biosci Rep 2016; 36:BSR20160158. [PMID: 27515418 PMCID: PMC5025811 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of duckweed species composition (Lemna aequinoctialis 5505, Landoltia punctata 5506 and Spirodela polyrhiza 5507) in polyculture and monoculture on biomass and starch/protein content were investigated at different levels of temperature, light intensity, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations. The three growth parameters significantly affect duckweed biomass accumulation. Different combinations of duckweed species greatly varied in starch/protein content. Although all the polycultures showed a median relative growth rate and the majority of the polycultures showed a median and starch/protein content as compared with their respective monocultures, some of the polycultures were found to promote the accumulation of starch/protein at different growth conditions. These findings indicated that proper combination of duckweed species could facilitate desirable biomass accumulation and improve biomass quality. The present study provides useful references for future large-scale duckweed cultivation.
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50
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Goold HD, Nguyen HM, Kong F, Beyly-Adriano A, Légeret B, Billon E, Cuiné S, Beisson F, Peltier G, Li-Beisson Y. Whole Genome Re-Sequencing Identifies a Quantitative Trait Locus Repressing Carbon Reserve Accumulation during Optimal Growth in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25209. [PMID: 27141848 PMCID: PMC4855234 DOI: 10.1038/srep25209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae have emerged as a promising source for biofuel production. Massive oil and starch accumulation in microalgae is possible, but occurs mostly when biomass growth is impaired. The molecular networks underlying the negative correlation between growth and reserve formation are not known. Thus isolation of strains capable of accumulating carbon reserves during optimal growth would be highly desirable. To this end, we screened an insertional mutant library of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii for alterations in oil content. A mutant accumulating five times more oil and twice more starch than wild-type during optimal growth was isolated and named constitutive oil accumulator 1 (coa1). Growth in photobioreactors under highly controlled conditions revealed that the increase in oil and starch content in coa1 was dependent on light intensity. Genetic analysis and DNA hybridization pointed to a single insertional event responsible for the phenotype. Whole genome re-sequencing identified in coa1 a >200 kb deletion on chromosome 14 containing 41 genes. This study demonstrates that, 1), the generation of algal strains accumulating higher reserve amount without compromising biomass accumulation is feasible; 2), light is an important parameter in phenotypic analysis; and 3), a chromosomal region (Quantitative Trait Locus) acts as suppressor of carbon reserve accumulation during optimal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Douglas Goold
- CEA, BIAM, Lab Bioenerget Biotechnol Bacteries &Microalgues, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13108, France.,CNRS, UMR 7265 Biol Veget &Microbiol Environ, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13108, France.,Aix Marseille Université, BVME UMR7265, Marseille, 13284, France.,Faculty of Agriculture and the Environment, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Hoa Mai Nguyen
- CEA, BIAM, Lab Bioenerget Biotechnol Bacteries &Microalgues, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13108, France.,CNRS, UMR 7265 Biol Veget &Microbiol Environ, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13108, France.,Aix Marseille Université, BVME UMR7265, Marseille, 13284, France
| | - Fantao Kong
- CEA, BIAM, Lab Bioenerget Biotechnol Bacteries &Microalgues, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13108, France.,CNRS, UMR 7265 Biol Veget &Microbiol Environ, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13108, France.,Aix Marseille Université, BVME UMR7265, Marseille, 13284, France
| | - Audrey Beyly-Adriano
- CEA, BIAM, Lab Bioenerget Biotechnol Bacteries &Microalgues, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13108, France.,CNRS, UMR 7265 Biol Veget &Microbiol Environ, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13108, France.,Aix Marseille Université, BVME UMR7265, Marseille, 13284, France
| | - Bertrand Légeret
- CEA, BIAM, Lab Bioenerget Biotechnol Bacteries &Microalgues, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13108, France.,CNRS, UMR 7265 Biol Veget &Microbiol Environ, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13108, France.,Aix Marseille Université, BVME UMR7265, Marseille, 13284, France
| | - Emmanuelle Billon
- CEA, BIAM, Lab Bioenerget Biotechnol Bacteries &Microalgues, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13108, France.,CNRS, UMR 7265 Biol Veget &Microbiol Environ, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13108, France.,Aix Marseille Université, BVME UMR7265, Marseille, 13284, France
| | - Stéphan Cuiné
- CEA, BIAM, Lab Bioenerget Biotechnol Bacteries &Microalgues, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13108, France.,CNRS, UMR 7265 Biol Veget &Microbiol Environ, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13108, France.,Aix Marseille Université, BVME UMR7265, Marseille, 13284, France
| | - Fred Beisson
- CEA, BIAM, Lab Bioenerget Biotechnol Bacteries &Microalgues, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13108, France.,CNRS, UMR 7265 Biol Veget &Microbiol Environ, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13108, France.,Aix Marseille Université, BVME UMR7265, Marseille, 13284, France
| | - Gilles Peltier
- CEA, BIAM, Lab Bioenerget Biotechnol Bacteries &Microalgues, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13108, France.,CNRS, UMR 7265 Biol Veget &Microbiol Environ, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13108, France.,Aix Marseille Université, BVME UMR7265, Marseille, 13284, France
| | - Yonghua Li-Beisson
- CEA, BIAM, Lab Bioenerget Biotechnol Bacteries &Microalgues, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13108, France.,CNRS, UMR 7265 Biol Veget &Microbiol Environ, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, 13108, France.,Aix Marseille Université, BVME UMR7265, Marseille, 13284, France
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