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Papatola F, Slimani S, Peddis D, Pellis A. Biocatalyst immobilization on magnetic nano-architectures for potential applications in condensation reactions. Microb Biotechnol 2024; 17:e14481. [PMID: 38850268 PMCID: PMC11162105 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In this review article, a perspective on the immobilization of various hydrolytic enzymes onto magnetic nanoparticles for synthetic organic chemistry applications is presented. After a first part giving short overview on nanomagnetism and highlighting advantages and disadvantages of immobilizing enzymes on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), the most important hydrolytic enzymes and their applications were summarized. A section reviewing the immobilization techniques with a particular focus on supporting enzymes on MNPs introduces the reader to the final chapter describing synthetic organic chemistry applications of small molecules (flavour esters) and polymers (polyesters and polyamides). Finally, the conclusion and perspective section gives the author's personal view on further research discussing the new idea of a synergistic rational design of the magnetic and biocatalytic component to produce novel magnetic nano-architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Papatola
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - S Slimani
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Genova, Genoa, Italy
- CNR, Istituto di Struttura Della Materia, nM2-Lab, Monterotondo Scalo (Roma), Italy
| | - D Peddis
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Genova, Genoa, Italy
- CNR, Istituto di Struttura Della Materia, nM2-Lab, Monterotondo Scalo (Roma), Italy
| | - A Pellis
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Genova, Genoa, Italy
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2
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Xing R, Sun H, Du X, Lin H, Qin S, Chen Z, Zhou S. Enhanced degradation of microplastics during sludge composting via microbially-driven Fenton reaction. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 449:131031. [PMID: 36821904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
It has been increasingly documented that the hydroxyl radical (•OH) can promote the transformation of organic contaminants such as microplastics (MPs) in various environments. However, few studies have sought to identify an ideal strategy for accelerating in situ MPs degradation through boosting the process of •OH production in practical applications. In this work, iron-mineral-supplemented thermophilic composting (imTC) is proposed and demonstrated for enhancing in situ degradation of sludge-based MPs through strengthening •OH generation. The results show that the reduction efficiency of sludge-based MPs abundance was about 35.93% in imTC after treatment for 36 days, which was 38.99% higher than that of ordinary thermophilic composting (oTC). Further investigation on polyethylene-microplastics (PE-MPs) suggested that higher abundance of •OH (the maximum value was 408.1 μmol·kg-1) could be detected on the MPs isolated from imTC through microbially-mediated redox transformation of iron oxides, as compared to oTC. Analyses of the physicochemical properties of the composted PE-MPs indicated that increased •OH generation could largely accelerate the oxidative degradation of MPs. This work, for the first time, proposes a feasible strategy to enhance the reduction efficiency of MPs abundance during composting through the regulation of •OH production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhi Xing
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Hanyue Sun
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Xian Du
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Hao Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco‑Inductrial Green Technology, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, Fujian, China
| | - Shuping Qin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China.
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
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3
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Rousta N, Aslan M, Yesilcimen Akbas M, Ozcan F, Sar T, Taherzadeh MJ. Effects of fungal based bioactive compounds on human health: Review paper. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-24. [PMID: 36794421 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2178379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Since the first years of history, microbial fermentation products such as bread, wine, yogurt and vinegar have always been noteworthy regarding their nutritional and health effects. Similarly, mushrooms have been a valuable food product in point of both nutrition and medicine due to their rich chemical components. Alternatively, filamentous fungi, which can be easier to produce, play an active role in the synthesis of some bioactive compounds, which are also important for health, as well as being rich in protein content. Therefore, this review presents some important bioactive compounds (bioactive peptides, chitin/chitosan, β-glucan, gamma-aminobutyric acid, L-carnitine, ergosterol and fructooligosaccharides) synthesized by fungal strains and their health benefits. In addition, potential probiotic- and prebiotic fungi were researched to determine their effects on gut microbiota. The current uses of fungal based bioactive compounds for cancer treatment were also discussed. The use of fungal strains in the food industry, especially to develop innovative food production, has been seen as promising microorganisms in obtaining healthy and nutritious food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Rousta
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden
| | - Melissa Aslan
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Meltem Yesilcimen Akbas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ferruh Ozcan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Taner Sar
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden
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García-Calvo L, Rodríguez-Castro R, Ullán RV, Albillos SM, Fernández-Aguado M, Vicente CM, Degnes KF, Sletta H, Barreiro C. Penicillium chrysogenum as a fungal factory for feruloyl esterases. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:691-717. [PMID: 36595038 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12335-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant biomass is a promising substrate for biorefinery, as well as a source of bioactive compounds, platform chemicals, and precursors with multiple industrial applications. These applications depend on the hydrolysis of its recalcitrant structure. However, the effective biological degradation of plant cell walls requires several enzymatic groups acting synergistically, and novel enzymes are needed in order to achieve profitable industrial hydrolysis processes. In the present work, a feruloyl esterase (FAE) activity screening of Penicillium spp. strains revealed a promising candidate (Penicillium rubens Wisconsin 54-1255; previously Penicillium chrysogenum), where two FAE-ORFs were identified and subsequently overexpressed. Enzyme extracts were analyzed, confirming the presence of FAE activity in the respective gene products (PrFaeA and PrFaeB). PrFaeB-enriched enzyme extracts were used to determine the FAE activity optima (pH 5.0 and 50-55 °C) and perform proteome analysis by means of MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. The studies were completed with the determination of other lignocellulolytic activities, an untargeted metabolite analysis, and upscaled FAE production in stirred tank reactors. The findings described in this work present P. rubens as a promising lignocellulolytic enzyme producer. KEY POINTS: • Two Penicillium rubens ORFs were first confirmed to have feruloyl esterase activity. • Overexpression of the ORFs produced a novel P. rubens strain with improved activity. • The first in-depth proteomic study of a P. rubens lignocellulolytic extract is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura García-Calvo
- INBIOTEC (Instituto de Biotecnología de León), Avda. Real 1 - Parque Científico de León, 24006, León, Spain
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Raquel Rodríguez-Castro
- INBIOTEC (Instituto de Biotecnología de León), Avda. Real 1 - Parque Científico de León, 24006, León, Spain
| | - Ricardo V Ullán
- INBIOTEC (Instituto de Biotecnología de León), Avda. Real 1 - Parque Científico de León, 24006, León, Spain.
- mAbxience, Upstream Production, Parque Tecnológico de León, Julia Morros, S/N, Armunia, 24009, León, Spain.
| | - Silvia M Albillos
- Área de Bioquímica Y Biología Molecular, Departamento de Biotecnología Y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Marta Fernández-Aguado
- INBIOTEC (Instituto de Biotecnología de León), Avda. Real 1 - Parque Científico de León, 24006, León, Spain
| | - Cláudia M Vicente
- INBIOTEC (Instituto de Biotecnología de León), Avda. Real 1 - Parque Científico de León, 24006, León, Spain
- TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Kristin F Degnes
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Richard Birkelands Vei 3 B, 7034, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Håvard Sletta
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Richard Birkelands Vei 3 B, 7034, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Carlos Barreiro
- Área de Bioquímica Y Biología Molecular, Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, 24007, León, Spain.
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5
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Yan F, Tian S, Du K, Xue X, Gao P, Chen Z. Preparation and nutritional properties of xylooligosaccharide from agricultural and forestry byproducts: A comprehensive review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:977548. [PMID: 36176637 PMCID: PMC9513447 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.977548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Xylooligosaccharide (XOS) are functional oligosaccharides with prebiotic activities, which originate from lignocellulosic biomass and have attracted extensive attention from scholars in recent years. This paper summarizes the strategies used in the production of XOS, and introduces the raw materials, preparation methods, and purification technology of XOS. In addition, the biological characteristics and applications of XOS are also presented. The most commonly recommended XOS production strategy is the two-stage method of alkaline pre-treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis; and further purification by membrane filtration to achieve the high yield of XOS is required for prebiotic function. At the same time, new strategies and technologies such as the hydrothermal and steam explosion have been used as pre-treatment methods combined with enzymatic hydrolysis to prepare XOS. XOS have many critical physiological activities, especially in regulating blood glucose, reducing blood lipid, and improving the structure of host intestinal flora.
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Ayuningrum D, Sabdaningsih A, Jati OE, Jati OE. The Potential of Phylogenetically Diverse Culturable Actinobacteria from Litopenaeus vannamei Pond Sediment as Extracellular Proteolytic and Lipolytic Enzyme Producers. Trop Life Sci Res 2022; 33:165-192. [PMID: 36545060 PMCID: PMC9747105 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2022.33.3.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymes are catalysts that can increase the reaction time of a biochemical process. Hydrolytic enzymes have a pivotal role in degrading organic waste in both terrestrial and aquatic environments. The aims of this study were (1) to investigate the ability of actinobacteria isolated from Litopenaeus vannamei pond sediment to produce proteolytic and lipolytic enzymes, (2) to identify promising candidates using 16S rRNA gene amplification, and (3) to construct a phylogenetic tree based on the 16S rRNA genes. A skim milk agar medium was used in the preliminary experiment of the proteolytic assay, and a Tween 20/80 medium was used in the lipolytic assay. Fifteen and 20 (out of 40) actinobacterial isolates showed great potential for proteolytic and lipolytic activities, respectively. Furthermore, four actinobacteria isolates produced both enzyme types with proteolytic and lipolytic index scores of 1-6.5. The most promising candidates were SA 2.2 (IM8), SC 2.1 (IM6), SD 1.5 (IM6) and SE 1.1 (IM8). BLAST homology results showed a high similarity between the actinobacteria isolates and Streptomyces verucosisporus, S. mangrovicola, S. barkulensis and Nocardiopsis lucentensis, respectively. Therefore, actinobacteria from Litopenaeus vannamei pond sediment are high-potential proteolytic and lipolytic enzyme producers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diah Ayuningrum
- Department of Aquatic Resources, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang 50241, Indonesia,Tropical Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang 50241, Indonesia,Corresponding author:
| | - Aninditia Sabdaningsih
- Department of Aquatic Resources, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang 50241, Indonesia
| | - Oktavianto Eko Jati
- Department of Aquatic Resources, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang 50241, Indonesia
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Sun J, Deng Y, Li S, Xu W, Liu G. Enhanced efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw via freeze-thaw pretreatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:56696-56704. [PMID: 35338462 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18893-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This research investigated enhancing the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw via freeze-thaw pretreatment and assessed the physicochemical structural changes after this pretreatment. The enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of cellulose and hemicellulose was enhanced, and hemicellulose was more susceptible to pretreatment. The highest enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of cellulose and hemicellulose was 57.06 and 70.66%, respectively, at - 80 ℃ for 24 h and - 10 ℃ for 24 h, respectively, which were 2.23 and 3.13-fold higher than the control levels, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy images indicated that transverse cracks appeared before longitudinal cracks with stronger pretreatment conditions, and holes were found in every sample after this pretreatment. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that freeze-thaw pretreatment affected both the crystalline and amorphous regions and disrupted the hydrogen bonds within them. This study provides a physical pretreatment method to improve the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Sun
- Rural Energy and Environment Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100125, China.
- Key Laboratory of Resource Recycling Technology and Model, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100125, China.
| | - Yuanfang Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass-Based Energy and Enzyme Technology, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, 223300, China
| | - Shaohua Li
- Rural Energy and Environment Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100125, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Recycling Technology and Model, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100125, China
| | - Wenyong Xu
- Rural Energy and Environment Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100125, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Recycling Technology and Model, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100125, China
| | - Guoquan Liu
- Rural Energy and Environment Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100125, China
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8
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Luo H, Liu X, Yu D, Yuan J, Tan J, Li H. Research Progress on Lignocellulosic Biomass Degradation Catalyzed by Enzymatic Nanomaterials. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200566. [PMID: 35862657 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Lignocellulose biomass (LCB) has extensive applications in many fields such as bioenergy, food, medicines, and raw materials for producing value-added products. One of the keys to efficient utilization of LCB is to obtain directly available oligo- and monomers (e.g., glucose). With the characteristics of easy recovery and separation, high efficiency, economy, and environmental protection, immobilized enzymes have been developed as heterogeneous catalysts to degrade LCB effectively. In this review, applications and mechanisms of LCB-degrading enzymes are discussed, and the nanomaterials and methods used to immobilize enzymes are also discussed. Finally, the research progress of lignocellulose biodegradation catalyzed by nano-enzymes was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangyu Luo
- Guiyang University, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, CHINA
| | - Xiaofang Liu
- Guiyang University, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, CHINA
| | - Dayong Yu
- Guiyang University, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, CHINA
| | - Junfa Yuan
- Guizhou University, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, CHINA
| | - Jinyu Tan
- Guizhou University, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, CHINA
| | - Hu Li
- Guizhou University, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Huaxi Street, 550025, Guiyang, CHINA
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Fernandes H, Salgado JM, Ferreira M, Vršanská M, Fernandes N, Castro C, Oliva-Teles A, Peres H, Belo I. Valorization of Brewer’s Spent Grain Using Biological Treatments and its Application in Feeds for European Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:732948. [PMID: 35592554 PMCID: PMC9110835 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.732948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brewer’s spent grain (BSG) is the main brewery industry by-product, with potential applications in the feed and food industries due to its carbohydrate composition. In addition, the lignocellulosic nature of BSG makes it an adequate substrate for carbohydrases production. In this work, solid-state fermentation (SSF) of BSG was performed with Aspergillus ibericus, a non-mycotoxin producer fungus with a high capacity to hydrolyze the lignocellulosic matrix of the agro-industrial by-products. SSF was performed at different scales to produce a crude extract rich in cellulase and xylanase. The potential of the crude extract was tested in two different applications: -(1) - the enzymatic hydrolysis of the fermented BSG and (2) - as a supplement in aquafeeds. SSF of BSG increased the protein content from 25% to 29% (w/w), while the fiber content was reduced to 43%, and cellulose and hemicellulose contents were markedly reduced to around 15%. The scale-up of SSF from 10 g of dry BSG in flasks to 50 g or 400 g in tray-type bioreactors increased 55% and 25% production of cellulase and xylanase, up to 323 and 1073 U g−1 BSG, respectively. The optimum temperature and pH of maximal activities were found to be 55°C and pH 4.4 for xylanase and 50°C and pH 3.9 for cellulase, cellulase being more thermostable than xylanase when exposed at temperatures from 45°C to 60°C. A Box–Behnken factorial design was applied to optimize the hydrolysis of the fermented BSG by crude extract. The crude extract load was a significant factor in sugars release, highlighting the role of hydrolytic enzymes, while the load of fermented BSG, and addition of a commercial β-glucosidase were responsible for the highest phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity release. The lyophilized crude extract (12,400 and 1050 U g−1 lyophilized extract of xylanase and cellulase, respectively) was also tested as an enzyme supplement in aquafeed for European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles. The dietary supplementation with the crude extract significantly improved feed and protein utilization. The processing of BSG using biological treatments, such as SSF with A. ibericus, led to the production of a nutritionally enriched BSG and a crude extract with highly efficient carbohydrases capable of hydrolyzing lignocellulosic substrates, such as BSG, and with the potential to be used as feed enzymes with remarkable results in improving feed utilization of an important aquaculture fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Fernandes
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre Ed. FC4, Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - José Manuel Salgado
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Marta Ferreira
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Martina Vršanská
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nélson Fernandes
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre Ed. FC4, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carolina Castro
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre Ed. FC4, Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Aires Oliva-Teles
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre Ed. FC4, Porto, Portugal
| | - Helena Peres
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre Ed. FC4, Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros Do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Isabel Belo
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Isabel Belo,
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Laothanachareon T, Bunterngsook B, Champreda V. Profiling multi-enzyme activities of Aspergillus niger strains growing on various agro-industrial residues. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:17. [PMID: 34926121 PMCID: PMC8671598 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-03086-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Agro-industrial wastes provide potential sources of carbon for production of fungal enzymes applied for various biotechnological applications. In this study, 23 strains of Aspergillus niger were systematically investigated for their capability on production of carbohydrate-processing enzymes used in industries. The strains were grown on glucose or selected agricultural wastes comprising varied chemical compositions as the sole carbon source. As a control, glucose induced basal activities of amylase, pectinase, and xylanase in only a few strains, while the CMCase, β-glucanase, and invertase activities were detected only when the carbon source was switched to the agro-industrial biomass. According to one-way ANOVA analysis, banana peels containing lignocellulosic components with high pectin and starch contents with its easily digestible nature, were found to be the best carbon source for inducing production of most target enzymes, while the cellulose-rich sugarcane bagasse efficiently promoted maximal levels of β-glucanase and xylanase activities. The starch fiber-rich cassava pulp also effectively supported the activities of amylase and most other enzymes, but at relatively lower levels compared to those obtained with banana peel. The A. niger TL11 strain was considered the most potent strain for production of all target enzymes with the CMCase, xylanase, pectinase, β-glucanase, amylase, and invertase activities of 76.15, 601.59, 160.89, 409.20, 426.73, and 1186.94 U/mL, respectively. The results provide insights into the efficiency of various carbon sources with different chemical compositions on inducing the target enzymes as well as the dissimilarity of A. niger strains on the production of different carbohydrate-processing enzymes. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-03086-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanaporn Laothanachareon
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Biorefinery and Bioproduct Technology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Khlong Luang, 12120 Pathumthani Thailand
| | - Benjarat Bunterngsook
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Biorefinery and Bioproduct Technology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Khlong Luang, 12120 Pathumthani Thailand
| | - Verawat Champreda
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Biorefinery and Bioproduct Technology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Khlong Luang, 12120 Pathumthani Thailand
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Sijinamanoj V, Muthukumar T, Muthuraja R, Rayappan K, Karmegam N, Saminathan K, Govarthanan M, Kathireswari P. Ligninolytic valorization of agricultural residues by Aspergillus nomius and Trichoderma harzianum isolated from gut and comb of Odontotermes obesus (Termitidae). CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 284:131384. [PMID: 34323800 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fungi produce enzymes that degrade the complex lignin thereby enabling the efficient utilization of plant lignocellulosic biomass in the production of biofuel and cellulose-based products. In the present study, the agricultural residues such as paddy straw, sugarcane bagasse, and coconut husk were used as substrates for the biodegradation by Aspergillus nomius (MN700028) and Trichoderma harzianum (MN700029) isolated from gut of the termite, Odontotermes obesus and fungus comb in the termite mound, respectively. The influence of varying concentrations of different carbon sources, pH, and temperature on ligninolytic enzyme production was examined under laboratory conditions. The highest activities of manganese peroxidase (0.24 U/mL), lignin peroxidase (10.38 U/mL) and laccase (0.05 U/mL) were observed under studied conditions. Fungal pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for 45 days showed that A. nomius and T. harzianum degraded 84.4% and 81.66% of hemicelluloses, 8.16% and 93.75% of cellulose, and 52.59% and 65% of lignin, respectively. The interaction of pH, temperature, and different carbon sources with fungal biomass and enzyme production was found significant (p ≤ 0.05). SEM analysis indicated alterations in the microstructures of degraded lignocellulosic substrates. A. nomius and T. harzianum were highly efficient in ligninolytic enzymes production and in vitro digestibility of agricultural residues. The study reports the production of laccase by A. nomius isolated from termite gut for the first time. The fungal isolates A. nomius and T. harzianum posses potential for ligninocellulosic waste degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velayuthan Sijinamanoj
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, 641 029, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thangavelu Muthukumar
- Root and Soil Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raji Muthuraja
- Root and Soil Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kathirvel Rayappan
- Department of Zoology, Sri Vidya Mandir Arts and Science College, Krishnagiri, 636 902, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Natchimuthu Karmegam
- Department of Botany, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem, 636 007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kulandaivel Saminathan
- Department of Chemistry, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, 641 029, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Muthusamy Govarthanan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Palanisamy Kathireswari
- PG and Research Department of Zoology, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore, 641 029, Tamil Nadu, India.
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12
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Dadwal A, Sharma S, Satyanarayana T. Recombinant cellobiohydrolase of Myceliophthora thermophila: characterization and applicability in cellulose saccharification. AMB Express 2021; 11:148. [PMID: 34735642 PMCID: PMC8568750 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-021-01311-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A codon optimized cellobiohydrolase (CBH) encoding synthetic gene of 1188 bp from a thermophilic mold Myceliophthora thermophila (MtCel6A) was cloned and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli for the first time. In silico analysis suggested that MtCel6A is a GH6 CBH and belongs to CBHII family, which is structurally similar to Cel6A of Humicola insolens. The recombinant MtCel6A is expressed as active inclusion bodies, and the molecular mass of the purified enzyme is ~ 45 kDa. The rMtCel6A is active in a wide range of pH (4-12) and temperatures (40-100 °C) with optima at pH 10.0 and 60 °C. It exhibits T1/2 of 6.0 and 1.0 h at 60 and 90 °C, respectively. The rMtCel6A is an extremozyme with organic solvent, salt and alkali tolerance. The Km, Vmax, kcat and kcat/Km values of the enzyme are 3.2 mg mL-1, 222.2 μmol mg-1 min-1, 2492 s-1 and 778.7 s-1 mg-1 mL-1, respectively. The product analysis of rMtCel6A confirmed that it is an exoenzyme that acts from the non-reducing end of cellulose. The addition of rMtCel6A to the commercial cellulase mix (Cellic CTec2) led to 1.9-fold increase in saccharification of the pre-treated sugarcane bagasse. The rMtCel6A is a potential CBH that finds utility in industrial processes such as in bioethanol, paper pulp and textile industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anica Dadwal
- Department of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology (University of Delhi), Azad Hind Fauj Marg, Sector-3 Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India
| | - Shilpa Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology (University of Delhi), Azad Hind Fauj Marg, Sector-3 Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India
- Department of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, Azad Hind Fauj Marg, Sector-3 Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India
| | - Tulasi Satyanarayana
- Department of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology (University of Delhi), Azad Hind Fauj Marg, Sector-3 Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India.
- Department of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, Azad Hind Fauj Marg, Sector-3 Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India.
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13
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Biorefinery of exhausted olive pomace through the production of polygalacturonases and omega-3 fatty acids by Crypthecodinium cohnii. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Arminda M, Josúe C, Cristina D, Fabiana S, Yolanda M. Use of activated carbons for detoxification of a lignocellulosic hydrolysate: Statistical optimisation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 296:113320. [PMID: 34351292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In order to improve bioethanol production from hydrolysates from olive tree pruning residues the present study assessed a detoxification method using the same waste material. The objective was to develop optimal removal without diminishing fermentable sugars. A statistical optimisation study was performed for the production of activated carbons using the same olive tree pruning residue as raw material. The effect of the impregnation ratio, activation temperature and the time needed for maximum removal of the phenolic compounds was assayed. The conditions for maximum adsorption were as follows: 799.18 °C, IR 4.88 and 101.38 min of activation, removing 55%, 64% and 41% of total phenolic compounds, HMF and furfural, respectively. The activated carbon obtained under optimum conditions (Aop) was submitted to adsorption kinetics and equilibrium assays. Experimental kinetic data were well represented by a pseudo-first order kinetic and intraparticle diffusion model, which helped explain the adsorption mechanism. Experimental isotherms were analysed with Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models, and Langmuir best fitted the experimental data. Hydrolysate from olive tree pruning residues, detoxified with the optimum activated carbon, was fermented with a commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, obtaining a 100% theoretical maximum ethanol yield and a 56% bioconversion of fermentable sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamaní Arminda
- Instituto de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador 1109(oeste), 5400, San Juan, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Godoy Cruz, 2290 (C1425FQB), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Castilla Josúe
- Instituto de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador 1109(oeste), 5400, San Juan, Argentina
| | - Deiana Cristina
- Instituto de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador 1109(oeste), 5400, San Juan, Argentina
| | - Sardella Fabiana
- Instituto de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador 1109(oeste), 5400, San Juan, Argentina
| | - Maturano Yolanda
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Godoy Cruz, 2290 (C1425FQB), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador 1109(oeste), 5400, San Juan, Argentina
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15
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Gao M, Xu Y, Yang G, Jin S, Hu X, Jiang Y, Zhu L, Li Z, Zhan X. One-step production of functional branched oligoglucosides with coupled fermentation of Pichia pastoris GS115 and Sclerotium rolfsii WSH-G01. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 335:125286. [PMID: 34022479 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Endo-β-1,3-glucanase with high specific activity is a prerequisite for enzymatic preparation of valuable β-oligoglucosides. Heterologous expression in Pichia pastoris GS115 with error-prone PCR technology was implemented, and the mutant strain 7 N12 was obtained. The mutant endo-β-1,3-glucanase showed efficient specific activities for degrading curdlan (366 U mg-1) and scleroglucan (274.5 U mg-1). Thereafter, one-step production of functional branched oligoglucosides was established with coupled fermentation of Pichia pastoris and Sclerotium rolfsii. During the fermentation process, the endo-β-1,3-glucanase secreted by Pichia pastoris GS115 can efficiently hydrolyse scleroglucan metabolized by Sclerotium rolfsii WSH-G01. The maximum yields of β-oligoglucosides in the shake flasks and 7-L bioreactor reached 1.73 g L-1 and 12.71 g L-1, respectively, with polymerization degrees of 2-17. The successful implementation of heterologous expression with error-prone PCR and the coupled fermentation simplified the multi-step enzymatic β-oligoglucoside preparation procedures, which makes it a potential strategy for industrial production of functional oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Guoshuai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Shuxia Jin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Xiuyu Hu
- China Biotech Fermentation Industry Association, Beijing 100833, PR China
| | - Yun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Li Zhu
- Wuxi Galaxy Biotech Co. Ltd., Wuxi 214125, PR China
| | - Zhitao Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Xiaobei Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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16
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Gao M, Yang G, Li F, Wang Z, Hu X, Jiang Y, Yan J, Li Z, Zhan X. Efficient endo-β-1,3-glucanase expression in Pichia pastoris for co-culture with Agrobacterium sp. for direct curdlan oligosaccharide production. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:1611-1617. [PMID: 34044029 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The production of curdlan oligosaccharides, a multifunctional and valuable carbohydrate, by hydrolyzing polysaccharides is of great interest. The endo-β-1,3-glucanase derived from Trichoderma harzianum was expressed in Pichia pastoris with three commonly used promoters (AOX1, GAP and FLD1). The purified recombinant endo-β-1,3-glucanase expressed by Pichia pastoris with GAP promoter displayed high specific activity at pH 5.5 and 50 °C. Thereafter, a co-culture system of Pichia pastoris GS115 (GAP promoter) and Agrobacterium sp. was constructed in which Agrobacterium sp.-metabolized curdlan can be directly hydrolyzed by Pichia pastoris-secreted endo-β-1,3-glucanase to produce functional curdlan oligosaccharides. The co-culture conditions were optimized and the process was carried out in a 7-L bioreactor. The maximum yield of curdlan oligosaccharides reached 18.77 g/L with 3-10 degrees of polymerization. This study presents a novel and easy curdlan oligosaccharide production strategy that can replace traditional sophisticated production procedures and could potentially be implemented for production of other oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Gao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| | - Guoshuai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Feifei Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zichao Wang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Xiuyu Hu
- China Biotech Fermentation Industry Association, Beijing 100833, PR China
| | - Yun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Jiajun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zhitao Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Xiaobei Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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17
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Usmani Z, Sharma M, Awasthi AK, Sivakumar N, Lukk T, Pecoraro L, Thakur VK, Roberts D, Newbold J, Gupta VK. Bioprocessing of waste biomass for sustainable product development and minimizing environmental impact. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 322:124548. [PMID: 33380376 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Growing concerns around the generation of biomass waste have triggered conversation around sustainable utilization of these seemingly waste materials as feedstock towards energy generation and production of chemicals and other value-added products. Thus, biotechniques such as utilization of microbes and enzymes derived thereof have become important avenues for green pretreatment and conversion of biomass wastes. Although the products of these bioconversions are greener at an overall level, their consumption and utilization still impact the environment. Hence it is important to understand the overall impact from cradle to grave through lifecycle assessment (LCA) techniques and find avenues of process optimization and better utilization of all the materials and products involved. Another factor to consider is overall cost optimization to make the process economically feasible, profitable and increase industrial adoption. This review brings forward these critical aspects to provide better understanding for the advancement of bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeba Usmani
- Laboratory of Lignin Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- Department of Food Technology, Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Himachal Pradesh 173101, India
| | | | - Nallusamy Sivakumar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 36, PC 123, Muscat, Oman
| | - Tiit Lukk
- Laboratory of Lignin Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Lorenzo Pecoraro
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
| | - Dave Roberts
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
| | - John Newbold
- Dairy Research Centre, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Dumfries, UK
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK; Centre for Safe and Improved Food, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK.
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18
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Rivero Berti I, Islan GA, Castro GR. Enzymes and biopolymers. The opportunity for the smart design of molecular delivery systems. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 322:124546. [PMID: 33360273 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes exhibit a tremendous potential due to the catalytic activity in response to physiological conditions and specific microenvironments. Exploiting these properties in combination with the versatility of biopolymers, a fascinating field for the rational development of a new class of "smart" delivery systems for therapeutic molecules is proposed. Many strategies have been recently developed to produce matrices with the desirable properties of molecular release, and enzymes could be playing a relevant role in modify the chemical composition of the polymers, the porosity and surface area of the matrices and modulate the kinetic of controlled release. Enzyme based computational systems have appeared as a relevant complementary tool to design novel smart bioactive matrices for programmable drug delivery. The present review is reporting the recent advances and projections of smart biopolymeric matrices activated by enzymes for sustained release of therapeutic molecules, highlighting various applications in the area of advanced drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Rivero Berti
- Laboratorio de Nanobiomateriales, CINDEFI, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET (CCT La Plata), Calle 47 y 115, (B1900AJI), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - German A Islan
- Laboratorio de Nanobiomateriales, CINDEFI, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET (CCT La Plata), Calle 47 y 115, (B1900AJI), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo R Castro
- Laboratorio de Nanobiomateriales, CINDEFI, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET (CCT La Plata), Calle 47 y 115, (B1900AJI), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Max Planck Laboratory for Structural Biology, Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics of Rosario (MPLbioR, UNR-MPIbpC), Partner Laboratory of the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry (MPIbpC, MPG), Centro de Estudios Interdisciplinarios (CEI), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Maipú 1065, S2000 Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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19
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Fasim A, More VS, More SS. Large-scale production of enzymes for biotechnology uses. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2020; 69:68-76. [PMID: 33388493 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes are biocatalysts that speed up the chemical reaction to obtain the final valuable product/s. Biotechnology has revolutionized the use of traditional enzymes to be applicable in industries such as food, beverage, personal and household care, agriculture, bioenergy, pharmaceutical, and various other segments. With respect to the exponential growth of enzymes in biotech industries, it becomes important to highlight the advancements and impact of enzyme technology over recent years. In this review article, we discuss the existing and emerging production approaches, applications, developments, and global need for enzymes. Special emphasis is given to the predominantly utilized hydrolytic microbial enzymes in industrial bioprocesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneesa Fasim
- School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Bengaluru 560 111, Karnataka, India
| | - Veena S More
- Department of Biotechnology, Sapthagiri College of Engineering, Bengaluru 560 057 Karnataka, India
| | - Sunil S More
- School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Dayananda Sagar University, Bengaluru 560 111, Karnataka, India.
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20
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Arnthong J, Siamphan C, Chuaseeharonnachai C, Boonyuen N, Suwannarangsee S. Towards a Miniaturized Culture Screening for Cellulolytic Fungi and Their Agricultural Lignocellulosic Degradation. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:1670-1679. [PMID: 32876068 PMCID: PMC9728337 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2007.07005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The substantial use of fungal enzymes to degrade lignocellulosic plant biomass has widely been attributed to the extensive requirement of powerful enzyme-producing fungal strains. In this study, a two-step screening procedure for finding cellulolytic fungi, involving a miniaturized culture method with shake-flask fermentation, was proposed and demonstrated. We isolated 297 fungal strains from several cellulose-containing samples found in two different locations in Thailand. By using this screening strategy, we then selected 9 fungal strains based on their potential for cellulase production. Through sequence-based identification of these fungal isolates, 4 species in 4 genera were identified: Aspergillus terreus (3 strains: AG466, AG438 and AG499), Penicillium oxalicum (4 strains: AG452, AG496, AG498 and AG559), Talaromyces siamensis (1 strain: AG548) and Trichoderma afroharzianum (1 strain: AG500). After examining their lignocellulose degradation capacity, our data showed that P. oxalicum AG452 exhibited the highest glucose yield after saccharification of pretreated sugarcane trash, cassava pulp and coffee silverskin. In addition, Ta. siamensis AG548 produced the highest glucose yield after hydrolysis of pretreated sugarcane bagasse. Our study demonstrated that the proposed two-step screening strategy can be further applied for discovering potential cellulolytic fungi isolated from various environmental samples. Meanwhile, the fungal strains isolated in this study will prove useful in the bioconversion of agricultural lignocellulosic residues into valuable biotechnological products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jantima Arnthong
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Chatuphon Siamphan
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Charuwan Chuaseeharonnachai
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Nattawut Boonyuen
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Surisa Suwannarangsee
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand,Corresponding author Phone: +66-2564 6700 Fax: +66-2564-6700 E-mail:
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21
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Conversion of Exhausted Sugar Beet Pulp into Fermentable Sugars from a Biorefinery Approach. Foods 2020; 9:foods9101351. [PMID: 32987649 PMCID: PMC7598709 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the production of a hydrolysate rich in fermentable sugars, which could be used as a generic microbial culture medium, was carried out by using exhausted sugar beet pulp pellets (ESBPPs) as raw material. For this purpose, the hydrolysis was performed through the direct addition of the fermented ESBPPs obtained by fungal solid-state fermentation (SSF) as an enzyme source. By directly using this fermented solid, the stages for enzyme extraction and purification were avoided. The effects of temperature, fermented to fresh solid ratio, supplementation of fermented ESBPP with commercial cellulase, and the use of high-solid fed-batch enzymatic hydrolysis were studied to obtain the maximum reducing sugar (RS) concentration and productivity. The highest RS concentration and productivity, 127.3 g·L−1 and 24.3 g·L−1·h−1 respectively, were obtained at 50 °C and with an initial supplementation of 2.17 U of Celluclast® per gram of dried solid in fed-batch mode. This process was carried out with a liquid to solid ratio of 4.3 mL·g−1 solid, by adding 15 g of fermented solid and 13.75 g of fresh solid at the beginning of the hydrolysis, and then the same amount of fresh solid 3 times every 2.5 h. By this procedure, ESBPP can be used to produce a generic microbial feedstock, which contains a high concentration of monosaccharides.
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Barcelos MCS, Ramos CL, Kuddus M, Rodriguez-Couto S, Srivastava N, Ramteke PW, Mishra PK, Molina G. Enzymatic potential for the valorization of agro-industrial by-products. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 42:1799-1827. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-02957-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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23
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Impacts of Cellulase and Amylase on Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Methane Production in the Anaerobic Digestion of Corn Straw. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12135453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of enzyme pre-treatments on anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic biomass were explored by using corn straw as a substrate for enzyme pre-treatment and anaerobic digestion and by utilizing starch and microcrystalline cellulose as substrates for comparative analysis. The cellulase pre-treatment effectively improved the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose, decreased the crystallinity, and consequently showed 33.2% increase in methane yield. The methane yield of starch increased by 16.0% through amylase pre-treatment. However, when the substrate was corn straw, both the efficiencies of enzymes and methane production were markedly reduced by the lignocellulosic structure. The corn straw’s methane yields were 277.6 and 242.4 mL·CH4/g·VS with cellulase and amylase pre-treatment, respectively, which was 11.7% and 27.9% higher than that of the untreated corn straw. It may imply that the lignocellulose should be broken up firstly, enzyme pre-treatments could have great potentials when combined with other methods.
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Qian S, Zhang C, Zhu Z, Huang P, Xu X. White rot fungus Inonotus obliquus pretreatment to improve tran-1,4-polyisoprene extraction and enzymatic saccharification of Eucommia ulmoides leaves. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 192:719-733. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03347-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Toor M, Kumar SS, Malyan SK, Bishnoi NR, Mathimani T, Rajendran K, Pugazhendhi A. An overview on bioethanol production from lignocellulosic feedstocks. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 242:125080. [PMID: 31675581 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic ethanol has been proposed as a green alternative to fossil fuels for many decades. However, commercialization of lignocellulosic ethanol faces major hurdles including pretreatment, efficient sugar release and fermentation. Several processes were developed to overcome these challenges e.g. simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF). This review highlights the various ethanol production processes with their advantages and shortcomings. Recent technologies such as singlepot biorefineries, combined bioprocessing, and bioenergy systems with carbon capture are promising. However, these technologies have a lower technology readiness level (TRL), implying that additional efforts are necessary before being evaluated for commercial availability. Solving energy needs is not only a technological solution and interlinkage of various factors needs to be assessed beyond technology development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manju Toor
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, 125 001, Haryana, India
| | - Smita S Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, 125 001, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep K Malyan
- Institute for Soil, Water, and Environmental Sciences, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Rishon LeZion - 7505101, Israel
| | - Narsi R Bishnoi
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, 125 001, Haryana, India
| | - Thangavel Mathimani
- Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli - 620 015, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthik Rajendran
- Department of Environmental Science, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh - 522502, India
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Osorio-González CS, Chaali M, Hegde K, Brar SK, Kermanshahipour A, Avalos-Ramírez A. Production and Processing of the Enzymes from Lignocellulosic Biomass. VALORIZATION OF BIOMASS TO VALUE-ADDED COMMODITIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-38032-8_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Ferreira da Silva I, Rodrigues da Luz JM, Oliveira SF, Humberto de Queiroz J, Megumi Kasuya MC. High-yield cellulase and LiP production after SSF of agricultural wastes by Pleurotus ostreatus using different surfactants. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Oh HN, Park D, Seong HJ, Kim D, Sul WJ. Antarctic tundra soil metagenome as useful natural resources of cold-active lignocelluolytic enzymes. J Microbiol 2019; 57:865-873. [PMID: 31571125 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-019-9217-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lignocellulose composed of complex carbohydrates and aromatic heteropolymers is one of the principal materials for the production of renewable biofuels. Lignocellulose-degrading genes from cold-adapted bacteria have a potential to increase the productivity of biological treatment of lignocellulose biomass by providing a broad range of treatment temperatures. Antarctic soil metagenomes allow to access novel genes encoding for the cold-active lignocellulose-degrading enzymes, for biotechnological and industrial applications. Here, we investigated the metagenome targeting cold-adapted microbes in Antarctic organic matter-rich soil (KS 2-1) to mine lignolytic and celluloytic enzymes by performing single molecule, real-time metagenomic (SMRT) sequencing. In the assembled Antarctic metagenomic contigs with relative long reads, we found that 162 (1.42%) of total 11,436 genes were annotated as carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZy). Actinobacteria, the dominant phylum in this soil's metagenome, possessed most of candidates of lignocellulose catabolic genes like glycoside hydrolase families (GH13, GH26, and GH5) and auxiliary activity families (AA7 and AA3). The predicted lignocellulose degradation pathways in Antarctic soil metagenome showed synergistic role of various CAZyme harboring bacterial genera including Streptomyces, Streptosporangium, and Amycolatopsis. From phylogenetic relationships with cellular and environmental enzymes, several genes having potential for participating in overall lignocellulose degradation were also found. The results indicated the presence of lignocellulose-degrading bacteria in Antarctic tundra soil and the potential benefits of the lignocelluolytic enzymes as candidates for cold-active enzymes which will be used for the future biofuel-production industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Na Oh
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Doyoung Park
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Je Seong
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Dockyu Kim
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo Jun Sul
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, 17546, Republic of Korea.
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Ezeilo UR, Lee CT, Huyop F, Zakaria II, Wahab RA. Raw oil palm frond leaves as cost-effective substrate for cellulase and xylanase productions by Trichoderma asperellum UC1 under solid-state fermentation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 243:206-217. [PMID: 31096173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.04.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Production of cellulases and xylanase by a novel Trichoderma asperellum UC1 (GenBank accession no. MF774876) under solid state fermentation (SSF) of raw oil palm frond leaves (OPFL) was optimized. Under optimum fermentation parameters (30 °C, 60-80% moisture content, 2.5 × 106 spores/g inoculum size) maximum CMCase, FPase, β-glucosidase and xylanase activity were recorded at 136.16 IU/g, 26.03 U/g, 130.09 IU/g and 255.01 U/g, respectively. Cellulases and xylanase were produced between a broad pH range of pH 6.0-12.0. The enzyme complex that comprised of four endo-β-1,4-xylanases and endoglucanases, alongside exoglucanase and β-glucosidase showed thermophilic and acidophilic characteristics at 50-60 °C and pH 3.0-4.0, respectively. Glucose (16.87 mg/g) and fructose (18.09 mg/g) were among the dominant sugar products from the in situ hydrolysis of OPFL, aside from cellobiose (105.92 mg/g) and xylose (1.08 mg/g). Thermal and pH stability tests revealed that enzymes CMCase, FPase, β-glucosidase and xylanase retained 50% residual activities for up to 15.18, 4.06, 17.47 and 15.16 h of incubation at 60 °C, as well as 64.59, 25.14, 68.59 and 19.20 h at pH 4.0, respectively. Based on the findings, it appeared that the unique polymeric structure of raw OPFL favored cellulases and xylanase productions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uchenna R Ezeilo
- Faculty of Bioscience and Medical Engineering, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry, Federal University Ndufu-Alike Ikwo, PMB, 1010, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; Enzyme Technology and Green Synthesis Group, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Chew Tin Lee
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia; Innovation Centre in Agritechnology for Advanced Bioprocessing, UTM Pagoh, Hub Pendidikan Tinggi Pagoh, 84600, Pagoh, Johor. Malaysia
| | - Fahrul Huyop
- Faculty of Bioscience and Medical Engineering, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia; Enzyme Technology and Green Synthesis Group, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Iffah Izzati Zakaria
- Natural Products and Drug Discovery Center, Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals, National Institute of Biotechnology Malaysia, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Block 5-A, Halaman Bukit Gambir, 11700, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Roswanira Abdul Wahab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia; Enzyme Technology and Green Synthesis Group, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
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Astolfi V, Astolfi AL, Mazutti MA, Rigo E, Di Luccio M, Camargo AF, Dalastra C, Kubeneck S, Fongaro G, Treichel H. Cellulolytic enzyme production from agricultural residues for biofuel purpose on circular economy approach. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 42:677-685. [PMID: 30661103 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02072-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the production of cellulolytic enzymes from different agricultural residues. The crude enzyme extract produced was characterized and applied for saccharification of some agricultural residues. Maximum cellulolytic activities were obtained using soybean hulls. All enzymatic activities were highly stable at 40 °C at a pH range of 4.5-5.5. For stability at low temperatures, the enzyme extract was stored at freezing temperature and cooling for about 290 days without major loss of activity. The Km values found for total cellulase (FPase), endoglucanase (CMCase), and xylanase were 19.73 mg ml-1, 0.65 mg ml-1, and 22.64 mg ml-1, respectively, and Vmax values were 0.82 mol min-1 mg-1, 0.62 mol min-1 mg-1, and 104.17 mol min-1 mg-1 to cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, and xylan, respectively. In the saccharification tests, the total amount of total reducing sugars (TRS) released from 1 g of soybean hulls catalyzed by the enzymes present in the crude enzyme extract was 0.16 g g-1 dry substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Astolfi
- Department of Food Engineering, URI-Campus de Erechim, Av. Sete de Setembro, 1621, Erechim, RS, 99700-000, Brazil
| | - Angela Luiza Astolfi
- Department of Food Engineering, URI-Campus de Erechim, Av. Sete de Setembro, 1621, Erechim, RS, 99700-000, Brazil
| | - Marcio A Mazutti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Elisandra Rigo
- Department of Food Engineering, UDESC, Linha Santa Terezinha, BR 282, km 573.7, Pinhalzinho, SC, 89870-000, Brazil
| | - Marco Di Luccio
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, CEP 88800-000, Brazil
| | - Aline Frumi Camargo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Bioprocess, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, ERS 135-Km 72, 200, Erechim, 99700-000, Brazil
| | - Caroline Dalastra
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Bioprocess, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, ERS 135-Km 72, 200, Erechim, 99700-000, Brazil
| | - Simone Kubeneck
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Bioprocess, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, ERS 135-Km 72, 200, Erechim, 99700-000, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Fongaro
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Bioprocess, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, ERS 135-Km 72, 200, Erechim, 99700-000, Brazil
| | - Helen Treichel
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Bioprocess, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, ERS 135-Km 72, 200, Erechim, 99700-000, Brazil.
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Yu J, Xu Z, Liu L, Chen S, Wang S, Jin M. Process integration for ethanol production from corn and corn stover as mixed substrates. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 279:10-16. [PMID: 30710815 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This work investigated all possible process integration strategies for ethanol production from corn and dilute acid pretreated corn stover (CS) as mixed substrates. Three corn to pretreated CS ratios (20%:10%, 10%:20% and 5%:25%) were examined. When the ratio of corn to pretreated CS was 20%:10%, the process integration strategy that mixed corn with CS hydrolysate for liquefaction followed by SSF resulted in the highest ethanol titer of 99.3 g/L. Mixing liquefied corn with pretreated CS for hydrolysis/saccharification followed by fermentation was the best strategy for the other two ratios. The strategy of mixing liquefied corn with pretreated CS for 6 h hydrolysis followed by fermentation showed the highest productivity for all the tested ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Yu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Zhaoxian Xu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Jiangsu Huating Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 228 Xingang South Road, Xinyi Economic Development District, Xinyi, Jiangsu 221400, China
| | - Sitong Chen
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Shengwei Wang
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Mingjie Jin
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China.
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Contreras MDM, Lama-Muñoz A, Manuel Gutiérrez-Pérez J, Espínola F, Moya M, Castro E. Protein extraction from agri-food residues for integration in biorefinery: Potential techniques and current status. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 280:459-477. [PMID: 30777702 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The biorefinery concept is attracting scientific and policy attention as a promising option for enhancing the benefits of agri-food biomass along with a reduction of the environmental impact. Obtaining bioproducts based on proteins from agri-food residues could help to diversify the revenue stream in a biorefinery. In fact, the extracted proteins can be applied as such or in the form of hydrolyzates due to their nutritional, bioactive and techno-functional properties. In this context, the present review summarizes, exemplifies and discusses conventional extraction methods and current trends to extract proteins from residues of the harvesting, post-harvesting and/or processing of important crops worldwide. Moreover, those extraction methods just integrated in a biorefinery scheme are also described. In conclusion, a plethora of methods exits but only some of them have been applied in biorefinery designs, mostly at laboratory scale. Their economic and technical feasibility at large scale requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Mar Contreras
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Antonio Lama-Muñoz
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - José Manuel Gutiérrez-Pérez
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain; Center for Advanced Studies in Energy and Environment, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Francisco Espínola
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain; Center for Advanced Studies in Energy and Environment, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Manuel Moya
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain; Center for Advanced Studies in Energy and Environment, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Eulogio Castro
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain; Center for Advanced Studies in Energy and Environment, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
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Salazar LN, Dal Maso SS, Ogimbosvski TA, Daronch NA, Zeni J, Valduga E, Toniazzo Backes G, Cansian RL. Production, Partial Characterization and Application of Cellulases by Newly Isolated Penicillium sp. Using Agro-Industrial Substrate Solid-State Fermentation. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2019. [DOI: 10.1089/ind.2018.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Noskoski Salazar
- Department of Food Engineering, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, URI, Erechim, RS Brazil
| | - Simone Sagioratto Dal Maso
- Department of Food Engineering, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, URI, Erechim, RS Brazil
| | - Tailan Antonio Ogimbosvski
- Department of Food Engineering, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, URI, Erechim, RS Brazil
| | - Naionara A. Daronch
- Department of Food Engineering, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, URI, Erechim, RS Brazil
| | - Jamile Zeni
- Department of Food Engineering, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, URI, Erechim, RS Brazil
| | - Eunice Valduga
- Department of Food Engineering, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, URI, Erechim, RS Brazil
| | - Geciane Toniazzo Backes
- Department of Food Engineering, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, URI, Erechim, RS Brazil
| | - Rogério Luis Cansian
- Department of Food Engineering, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, URI, Erechim, RS Brazil
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Cao L, Li S, Huang X, Qin Z, Kong W, Xie W, Liu Y. Enhancing the Thermostability of Highly Active and Glucose-Tolerant β-Glucosidase Ks5A7 by Directed Evolution for Good Performance of Three Properties. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:13228-13235. [PMID: 30488698 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A high-performance β-glucosidase for efficient cellulose hydrolysis needs to excel in thermostability, catalytic efficiency, and resistance to glucose inhibition. However, it is challenging to achieve superb properties in all three aspects in a single enzyme. In this study, a hyperactive and glucose-tolerant β-glucosidase Ks5A7 was employed as the starting point. Four rounds of random mutagenesis were then performed, giving rise to a thermostable mutant 4R1 with five amino acid substitutions. The half-life of 4R1 at 50 °C is 8640-fold that of Ks5A7 (144 h vs 1 min). Meanwhile, 4R1 had a higher specific activity (374.26 vs 243.18 units·mg-1) than the wild type with a similar glucose tolerance. When supplemented to Celluclast 1.5L, the mutant significantly enhanced the hydrolysis of pretreated sugar cane bagasse, improving the released glucose concentration by 44%. With excellent performance in thermostability, activity, and glucose tolerance, 4R1 will serve as an exceptional catalyst for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichuang Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, National Engineering Center for Marine Biotechnology of South China Sea , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shuifeng Li
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, National Engineering Center for Marine Biotechnology of South China Sea , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, National Engineering Center for Marine Biotechnology of South China Sea , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zongmin Qin
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, National Engineering Center for Marine Biotechnology of South China Sea , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Kong
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, National Engineering Center for Marine Biotechnology of South China Sea , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xie
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhuan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, National Engineering Center for Marine Biotechnology of South China Sea , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , People's Republic of China
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Li K, Chen W, Wang W, Tan H, Li S, Yin H. Effective degradation of curdlan powder by a novel endo-β-1→3-glucanase. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 201:122-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Fernandes TG, López JA, Silva LA, Polizeli MDLTM, Silva DP, Ruzene DS, Carvalho MLS, Carvalho ÍF. Prospecting of soybean hulls as an inducer carbon source for the cellulase production. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 48:743-749. [PMID: 30265206 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2018.1508039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cellulases constitute an enzymatic complex involved in the cellulose hydrolysis β-1, 4-glycosidic linkages to release of glucose. Therefore, its application to degrade agro-industrial residues becomes relevant, since glucose is a product of industrial interest, aiming at its conversion into biocommodity production (e.g., enzymes, bioethanol and other value-added biochemicals). Thus, in natura Soybean hulls as well as fractions obtained from its alkaline, autohydrolysis and organosolv pretreatments were used as carbon sources in submerged fermentation processes to evaluate the cellulase-inducing capacity using a Penicillium sp. strain. Results showed an inductive effect on the production of 0.130 and 0.066 U/mL for CMCase and FPase, respectively, using 1% of the in natura residue. Regarding the fraction obtained from soybean hulls pretreated by autohydrolysis and organosolv, avicelase and β-Glucosidase displayed a production of 0.200 and 0.550 U/mL, respectively. Therefore, the use of pretreated Soybean hull revealed its potential as an alternative carbon source for the cellulase production, which may contribute significantly to biotechnological purposes by adding value to an agro-industrial residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thayná G Fernandes
- a Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso , Tangará da Serra , MT , Brasil
| | - Jorge A López
- b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia Industrial , Universidade Tiradentes/Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa , Aracaju , SE , Brasil
| | - Luana A Silva
- c Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia , Universidade Federal de Sergipe , São Cristóvão , SE , Brasil
| | - Maria de Lourdes T M Polizeli
- d Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brasil
| | - Daniel P Silva
- c Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia , Universidade Federal de Sergipe , São Cristóvão , SE , Brasil
| | - Denise S Ruzene
- c Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia , Universidade Federal de Sergipe , São Cristóvão , SE , Brasil
| | - Maurecilne L S Carvalho
- a Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso , Tangará da Serra , MT , Brasil
| | - Ílio F Carvalho
- a Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso , Tangará da Serra , MT , Brasil
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37
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Volpi M, Santos VS, Ribeiro A, Santana M, Bastos RG. The Role of Lignocellulosic Composition and Residual Lipids in Empty Fruit Bunches on the Production of Humic Acids in Submerged Fermentations. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 187:957-964. [PMID: 30105546 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2850-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to study the production of humic acids (HA) by Trichoderma reesei from empty fruit bunches (EFBs) of palm oil processing, with a focus on the effects of lignocellulosic content and residual lipids. EFBs from two different soils and palm oil producers were previously characterized about their lignocellulosic composition. Submerged fermentations were inoculated with T. reesei spores and set up with or without residual lipids. The results showed that the soil and the processing for removal of the palm fresh fruits were crucial to EFB quality. Thus, EFBs were classified as type 1 (higher lignocellulosic and fatty acids composition similar to the palm oil and palm kernel oil) and type 2 (lower lignocellulosic content and fatty acids composition similar to palm oil). Despite the different profiles, the fungal growth was similar for both EFB types. HA production was associated with fungal growth, and it was higher without lipids for both EFBs. The highest HA productivity was obtained from type 1 EFB (approximately 90 mg L-1 at 48 h). Therefore, the lignocellulosic composition and the nature of the residual lipids in EFBs play an important role in HA production by submerged fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mpc Volpi
- Department of Engineering of Materials and Bioprocesses, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Albert Einstein, 500, Campinas, SP, 13083-852, Brazil
| | - V S Santos
- Department of Food Technology, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Monteiro Lobato, 80, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Apb Ribeiro
- Department of Food Technology, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Monteiro Lobato, 80, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Mha Santana
- Department of Engineering of Materials and Bioprocesses, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Albert Einstein, 500, Campinas, SP, 13083-852, Brazil
| | - R G Bastos
- Center of Agricultural Scientes (CCA), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Araras, Via Anhanguera, km 174, Araras, SP, 13604-900, Brazil.
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38
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Saroj P, P M, Narasimhulu K. Characterization of thermophilic fungi producing extracellular lignocellulolytic enzymes for lignocellulosic hydrolysis under solid-state fermentation. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-018-0216-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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39
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Guo H, Chang Y, Lee DJ. Enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulosic biorefinery: Research focuses. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 252:198-215. [PMID: 29329774 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To realize lignocellulosic biorefinery is of global interest, with enzymatic saccharification presenting an essential stage to convert polymeric sugars to mono-sugars for fermentation use. This mini-review summarizes qualitatively the research focuses discussed the review articles presented in the past 22 months and other relevant papers. The research focuses on pretreatment with improved efficiency, enhanced enzyme production with high yields and high extreme tolerance, feasible combined saccharification and fermentation processes, detailed mechanisms corresponding to the enzymatic saccharification in lignocellulosic biorefinery, and the costs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Guo
- College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China
| | - Yingju Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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40
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García-Calvo L, Ullán RV, Fernández-Aguado M, García-Lino AM, Balaña-Fouce R, Barreiro C. Secreted protein extract analyses present the plant pathogen Alternaria alternata as a suitable industrial enzyme toolbox. J Proteomics 2018; 177:48-64. [PMID: 29438850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic plant biomass is the most abundant carbon source in the planet, which makes it a potential substrate for biorefinery. It consists of polysaccharides and other molecules with applications in pharmaceutical, food and feed, cosmetics, paper and textile industries. The exploitation of these resources requires the hydrolysis of the plant cell wall, which is a complex process. Aiming to discover novel fungal natural isolates with lignocellulolytic capacities, a screening for feruloyl esterase activity was performed in samples taken from different metal surfaces. An extracellular enzyme extract from the most promising candidate, the natural isolate Alternaria alternata PDA1, was analyzed. The feruloyl esterase activity of the enzyme extract was characterized, determining the pH and temperature optima (pH 5.0 and 55-60 °C, respectively), thermal stability and kinetic parameters, among others. Proteomic analyses derived from two-dimensional gels allowed the identification and classification of 97 protein spots from the extracellular proteome. Most of the identified proteins belonged to the carbohydrates metabolism group, particularly plant cell wall degradation. Enzymatic activities of the identified proteins (β-glucosidase, cellobiohydrolase, endoglucanase, β-xylosidase and xylanase) of the extract were also measured. These findings confirm A. alternata PDA1 as a promising lignocellulolytic enzyme producer. SIGNIFICANCE Although plant biomass is an abundant material that can be potentially utilized by several industries, the effective hydrolysis of the recalcitrant plant cell wall is not a straightforward process. As this hydrolysis occurs in nature relying almost solely on microbial enzymatic systems, it is reasonable to infer that further studies on lignocellulolytic enzymes will discover new sustainable industrial solutions. The results included in this paper provide a promising fungal candidate for biotechnological processes to obtain added value from plant byproducts and analogous substrates. Moreover, the proteomic analysis of the secretome of a natural isolate of Alternaria sp. grown in the presence of one of the most used vegetal substrates on the biofuels industry (sugar beet pulp) sheds light on the extracellular enzymatic machinery of this fungal plant pathogen, and can be potentially applied to developing new industrial enzymatic tools. This work is, to our knowledge, the first to analyze in depth the secreted enzyme extract of the plant pathogen Alternaria when grown on a lignocellulosic substrate, identifying its proteins by means of MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry and characterizing its feruloyl esterase, cellulase and xylanolytic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- L García-Calvo
- INBIOTEC (Instituto de Biotecnología de León), Avda. Real 1 - Parque Científico de León, 24006 León, Spain
| | - R V Ullán
- mAbxience, Upstream Production, Parque Tecnológico de León, Julia Morros, s/n, Armunia, 24009 León, Spain
| | - M Fernández-Aguado
- INBIOTEC (Instituto de Biotecnología de León), Avda. Real 1 - Parque Científico de León, 24006 León, Spain
| | - A M García-Lino
- Área de Fisiología, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain
| | - R Balaña-Fouce
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain
| | - C Barreiro
- INBIOTEC (Instituto de Biotecnología de León), Avda. Real 1 - Parque Científico de León, 24006 León, Spain; Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de León, Campus de Ponferrada, Avda. Astorga s/n, 24401 Ponferrada, Spain.
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Zhao X, Luo K, Zhang Y, Zheng Z, Cai Y, Wen B, Cui Z, Wang X. Improving the methane yield of maize straw: Focus on the effects of pretreatment with fungi and their secreted enzymes combined with sodium hydroxide. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 250:204-213. [PMID: 29174897 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to improve the methane yield, the alkaline and biological pretreatments on anaerobic digestion (AD) were investigated. Three treatments were tested: NaOH, biological (enzyme and fungi), and combined NaOH with biological. The maximum reducing sugar concentrations were obtained using Enzyme T (2.20 mg/mL) on the 6th day. The methane yield of NaOH + Enzyme A was 300.85 mL/g TS, 20.24% higher than the control. Methane yield obtained from Enzyme (T + A) and Enzyme T pretreatments were 277.03 and 273.75 mL/g TS, respectively, which were as effective as 1% NaOH (276.16 mL/g TS) in boosting methane production, and are environmentally friendly and inexpensive biological substitutes. Fungal pretreatment inhibited methane fermentation of maize straw, 15.68% was reduced by T + A compared with the control. The simultaneous reduction of DM, cellulose and hemicellulose achieved high methane yields. This study provides important guidance for the application of enzymes to AD from lignocellulosic agricultural waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zhao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kai Luo
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zehui Zheng
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yafan Cai
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Boting Wen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zongjun Cui
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaofen Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Sherpa KC, Ghangrekar MM, Banerjee R. Optimization of saccharification of enzymatically pretreated sugarcane tops by response surface methodology for ethanol production. BIOFUELS-UK 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/17597269.2017.1409058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Knawang Chhunji Sherpa
- Advanced Technology Development Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur -721302, India
| | | | - Rintu Banerjee
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur -721302, India
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