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Swalsingh G, Pani P, Senapati U, Sahu B, Pani S, Pati B, Rout S, Bal NC. Intramuscular administration of fractalkine modulates mitochondrial properties and promotes fast glycolytic phenotype. Biofactors 2024. [PMID: 39052304 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
A newly categorized myokine called fractalkine (CX3CL1) has been associated with divergent conditions such as obesity, tissue inflammation, and exercise. CX3CL1 works through specific membrane-bound receptors (CX3CR1) found in various tissues including skeletal muscles. Studies indicate CX3CL1 induces muscles to uptake energy substrates thereby improving glucose utilization and countering diabetes. Here, we tested if the administration of purified CX3CL1 directly into mice skeletal muscles affects its histoarchitecture, mitochondrial activity, and expression of metabolic proteins. We analyzed four muscles: two upper-limb (quadriceps, hamstrings) and two lower-limb (tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius), contralateral leg muscles were taken as controls. The effects of CX3CL1 treatment on histoarchitecture, mitochondrial activity, and expression of metabolic proteins in muscles were characterized. We used histochemical staining succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)/cytochrome c oxidase (COX), myosin ATPase, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) to evaluate the mitochondrial activity, fiber types, and vascularization in the muscles, respectively. Western blotting was used to evaluate the expression of proteins associated with mitochondrial metabolism (OXPHOS), glycolysis, and vascularization. Overall, this study indicates CX3CL1 primarily modulates mitochondrial metabolism and shifts substrate preference toward glucose in the skeletal muscle. Evidence also supports that CX3CL1 stimulates the relative composition of fast fiber types, influencing selection of energy substrates in the skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Punyadhara Pani
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Unmod Senapati
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Bijayashree Sahu
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sunil Pani
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Benudhara Pati
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Subhasmita Rout
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Naresh C Bal
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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2
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Wątroba M, Grabowska AD, Szukiewicz D. Chemokine CX3CL1 (Fractalkine) Signaling and Diabetic Encephalopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7527. [PMID: 39062768 PMCID: PMC11277241 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disease in humans, and its prevalence is increasing worldwide in parallel with the obesity pandemic. A lack of insulin or insulin resistance, and consequently hyperglycemia, leads to many systemic disorders, among which diabetic encephalopathy (DE) is a long-term complication of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by cognitive impairment and motor dysfunctions. The role of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the pathomechanism of DE has been proven. Fractalkine (CX3CL1) has unique properties as an adhesion molecule and chemoattractant, and by acting on its only receptor, CX3CR1, it regulates the activity of microglia in physiological states and neuroinflammation. Depending on the clinical context, CX3CL1-CX3CR1 signaling may have neuroprotective effects by inhibiting the inflammatory process in microglia or, conversely, maintaining/intensifying inflammation and neurotoxicity. This review discusses the evidence supporting that the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 pair is neuroprotective and other evidence that it is neurotoxic. Therefore, interrupting the vicious cycle within neuron-microglia interactions by promoting neuroprotective effects or inhibiting the neurotoxic effects of the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 signaling axis may be a therapeutic goal in DE by limiting the inflammatory response. However, the optimal approach to prevent DE is simply tight glycemic control, because the elimination of dysglycemic states in the CNS abolishes the fundamental mechanisms that induce this vicious cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dariusz Szukiewicz
- Laboratory of the Blood-Brain Barrier, Department of Biophysics, Physiology & Pathophysiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubińskiego 5, 02-400 Warsaw, Poland; (M.W.); (A.D.G.)
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3
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Jiang Q, Zhao Q, Chen Y, Ma C, Peng X, Wu X, Liu X, Wang R, Hou S, Kong L, Wan Y, Wang S, Meng ZX, Cui B, Chen L, Li P. Galectin-3 impairs calcium transients and β-cell function. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3682. [PMID: 38693121 PMCID: PMC11063191 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47959-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
In diabetes, macrophages and inflammation are increased in the islets, along with β-cell dysfunction. Here, we demonstrate that galectin-3 (Gal3), mainly produced and secreted by macrophages, is elevated in islets from both high-fat diet (HFD)-fed and diabetic db/db mice. Gal3 acutely reduces glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in β-cell lines and primary islets in mice and humans. Importantly, Gal3 binds to calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit gamma 1 (CACNG1) and inhibits calcium influx via the cytomembrane and subsequent GSIS. β-Cell CACNG1 deficiency phenocopies Gal3 treatment. Inhibition of Gal3 through either genetic or pharmacologic loss of function improves GSIS and glucose homeostasis in both HFD-fed and db/db mice. All animal findings are applicable to male mice. Here we show a role of Gal3 in pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, and Gal3 could be a therapeutic target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Grants
- the National Natural Science Foundation China (82104263 to Q.J., 81622010 to P.L., 82104259 to Q.Z., and 82304591 to Y.W.), the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0205400 to P.L.), the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Central Public-Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund (2017RC31009 and 2018PT35004), the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (2021-I2M-1-026 to Q.J. and 2021-I2M-1-016), the Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program (BJJWZYJH01201910023028 to P.L.), and the Special Research Fund for Central Universities, Peking Union Medical College (3332021041 to Q.Z., 3332022047 Y.W.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qijin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yibing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Chunxiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiaohong Peng
- College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xingfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ruoran Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shaocong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lijuan Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yanjun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shusen Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Zhuo-Xian Meng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bing Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Liangyi Chen
- College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Pingping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China.
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Szukiewicz D. CX3CL1 (Fractalkine)-CX3CR1 Axis in Inflammation-Induced Angiogenesis and Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4679. [PMID: 38731899 PMCID: PMC11083509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The chemotactic cytokine fractalkine (FKN, chemokine CX3CL1) has unique properties resulting from the combination of chemoattractants and adhesion molecules. The soluble form (sFKN) has chemotactic properties and strongly attracts T cells and monocytes. The membrane-bound form (mFKN) facilitates diapedesis and is responsible for cell-to-cell adhesion, especially by promoting the strong adhesion of leukocytes (monocytes) to activated endothelial cells with the subsequent formation of an extracellular matrix and angiogenesis. FKN signaling occurs via CX3CR1, which is the only known member of the CX3C chemokine receptor subfamily. Signaling within the FKN-CX3CR1 axis plays an important role in many processes related to inflammation and the immune response, which often occur simultaneously and overlap. FKN is strongly upregulated by hypoxia and/or inflammation-induced inflammatory cytokine release, and it may act locally as a key angiogenic factor in the highly hypoxic tumor microenvironment. The importance of the FKN/CX3CR1 signaling pathway in tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis results from its influence on cell adhesion, apoptosis, and cell migration. This review presents the role of the FKN signaling pathway in the context of angiogenesis in inflammation and cancer. The mechanisms determining the pro- or anti-tumor effects are presented, which are the cause of the seemingly contradictory results that create confusion regarding the therapeutic goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Szukiewicz
- Department of Biophysics, Physiology & Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
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5
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Liang YC, Jia MJ, Li L, Liu DL, Chu SF, Li HL. Association of circulating inflammatory proteins with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1358311. [PMID: 38606083 PMCID: PMC11007105 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1358311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence indicates that immune response underlies the pathology of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Nevertheless, the specific inflammatory regulators involved in this pathogenesis remain unclear. Methods We systematically explored circulating inflammatory proteins that are causally associated with T2D via a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study and further investigated them in prevalent complications of T2D. Genetic instruments for 91 circulating inflammatory proteins were derived from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) that enrolled 14,824 predominantly European participants. Regarding the summary-level GWASs of type 2 diabetes, we adopted the largest meta-analysis of European population (74,124 cases vs. 824,006 controls) and a prospective nested case-cohort study in Europe (9,978 cases vs. 12,348 controls). Summary statistics for five complications of T2D were acquired from the FinnGen R9 repository. The inverse variance-weighted method was applied as the primary method for causal inference. MR-Egger, weighted median and maximum likelihood methods were employed as supplementary analyses. Results from the two T2D studies were combined in a meta-analysis. Sensitivity analyses and phenotype-wide association studies (PheWAS) were performed to detect heterogeneity and potential horizontal pleiotropy in the study. Results Genetic evidence indicated that elevated levels of TGF-α (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.15-1.17) and CX3CL1 (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.04-1.63) promoted the occurrence of T2D, and increased concentrations of FGF-21 (OR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.81-0.93) and hGDNF (OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.95-0.98) mitigated the risk of developing T2D, while type 2 diabetes did not exert a significant influence on said proteins. Elevated levels of TGF-α were associated with an increased risk of ketoacidosis, neurological complications, and ocular complications in patients with T2D, and increased concentrations of FGF-21 were potentially correlated with a diminished risk of T2D with neurological complications. Higher levels of hGDNF were associated with an increased risk of T2D with peripheral vascular complications, while CX3CL1 did not demonstrate a significant association with T2D complications. Sensitivity analyses and PheWAS further ensure the robustness of our findings. Conclusion This study determined four circulating inflammatory proteins that affected the occurrence of T2D, providing opportunities for the early prevention and innovative therapy of type 2 diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chao Liang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming-Jie Jia
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling Li
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - De-Liang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shu-Fang Chu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui-Lin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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6
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Veluthakal R, Esparza D, Hoolachan JM, Balakrishnan R, Ahn M, Oh E, Jayasena CS, Thurmond DC. Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Oxidative Stress, and Inter-Organ Miscommunications in T2D Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1504. [PMID: 38338783 PMCID: PMC10855860 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a heterogenous disease, and conventionally, peripheral insulin resistance (IR) was thought to precede islet β-cell dysfunction, promoting progression from prediabetes to T2D. New evidence suggests that T2D-lean individuals experience early β-cell dysfunction without significant IR. Regardless of the primary event (i.e., IR vs. β-cell dysfunction) that contributes to dysglycemia, significant early-onset oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in multiple metabolic tissues may be a driver of T2D onset and progression. Oxidative stress, defined as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is mediated by hyperglycemia alone or in combination with lipids. Physiological oxidative stress promotes inter-tissue communication, while pathological oxidative stress promotes inter-tissue mis-communication, and new evidence suggests that this is mediated via extracellular vesicles (EVs), including mitochondria containing EVs. Under metabolic-related stress conditions, EV-mediated cross-talk between β-cells and skeletal muscle likely trigger mitochondrial anomalies leading to prediabetes and T2D. This article reviews the underlying molecular mechanisms in ROS-related pathogenesis of prediabetes, including mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics due to oxidative stress. Further, this review will describe the potential of various therapeutic avenues for attenuating oxidative damage, reversing prediabetes and preventing progression to T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajakrishnan Veluthakal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (D.E.); (J.M.H.); (R.B.); (M.A.); (E.O.); (C.S.J.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Debbie C. Thurmond
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (D.E.); (J.M.H.); (R.B.); (M.A.); (E.O.); (C.S.J.)
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7
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Yadav M, Akhter Y. Validating Fractalkine receptor as a target and identifying candidates for drug discovery against type 2 diabetes. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:127-145. [PMID: 38112285 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases employing abnormal levels of insulin. Enhancing the insulin production is greatly aided by the regulatory mechanisms of the Fractalkine receptor (CX3CR1) system in islet β-cell function. However, elements including a high-fat diet, obesity, and ageing negatively impact the expression of CX3CR1 in islets. CX3CL1/CX3CR1 receptor-ligand complex is now recognized as a novel therapeutic target. It suggests that T2DM-related β-cell dysfunction may result from lower amount of these proteins. We analyzed the differential expression of CX3CR1 gene samples taken from persons with T2DM using data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Homology modeling enabled us to generate the three-dimensional structure of CX3CR1 and a possible binding pocket. The optimized CX3CR1 structure was subjected to rigorous screening against a massive library of 693 million drug-like molecules from the ZINC15 database. This screening process led to the identification of three compounds with strong binding affinity at the identified binding pocket of CX3CR1. To further evaluate the potential of these compounds, molecular dynamics simulations were conducted over a 50 ns time scale to assess the stability of the protein-ligand complexes. These simulations revealed that ZINC000032506419 emerged as the most promising drug-like compound among the three potent molecules. The discovery of ZINC000032506419 holds exciting promise as a potential therapeutic agent for T2D and other related metabolic disorders. These findings pave the way for the development of effective medications to address the complexities of T2DM and its associated metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhu Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yusuf Akhter
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Bishehsari F, Drees M, Adnan D, Sharma D, Green S, Koshy J, Giron LB, Goldman A, Abdel-Mohsen M, Rasmussen HE, Miller GE, Keshavarzian A. Multi-omics approach to socioeconomic disparity in metabolic syndrome reveals roles of diet and microbiome. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2300023. [PMID: 37525324 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
The epidemy of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is typically preceded by adoption of a "risky" lifestyle (e.g., dietary habit) among populations. Evidence shows that those with low socioeconomic status (SES) are at an increased risk for MetS. To investigate this, we recruited 123 obese subjects (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30) from Chicago. Multi-omic data were collected to interrogate fecal microbiota, systemic markers of inflammation and immune activation, plasma metabolites, and plasma glycans. Intestinal permeability was measured using the sugar permeability testing. Our results suggest a heterogenous metabolic dysregulation among obese populations who are at risk of MetS. Systemic inflammation, linked to poor diet, intestinal microbiome dysbiosis, and gut barrier dysfunction may explain the development of MetS in these individuals. Our analysis revealed 37 key features associated with increased numbers of MetS features. These features were used to construct a composite metabolic-inflammatory (MI) score that was able to predict progression of MetS among at-risk individuals. The MI score was correlated with several markers of poor diet quality as well as lower levels of gut microbial diversity and abnormalities in several species of bacteria. This study reveals novel targets to reduce the burden of MetS and suggests access to healthy food options as a practical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraz Bishehsari
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael Drees
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Darbaz Adnan
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Stefan Green
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jane Koshy
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Leila B Giron
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aaron Goldman
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Gregory E Miller
- Institute for Policy Research and Dept of Psychology, Northwestern Univ, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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9
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Orioli L, Canouil M, Sawadogo K, Ning L, Deldicque L, Lause P, de Barsy M, Froguel P, Loumaye A, Deswysen Y, Navez B, Bonnefond A, Thissen JP. Identification of myokines susceptible to improve glucose homeostasis after bariatric surgery. Eur J Endocrinol 2023; 189:409-421. [PMID: 37638789 DOI: 10.1093/ejendo/lvad122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE AND OBJECTIVE The identification of myokines susceptible to improve glucose homeostasis following bariatric surgery could lead to new therapeutic approaches for type 2 diabetes. METHODS Changes in the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) test were assessed in patients before and 3 months after bariatric surgery. Changes in myokines expression and circulating levels were assessed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Myokines known to regulate glucose homeostasis were identified using literature (targeted study) and putative myokines using RNA-sequencing (untargeted study). A linear regression analysis adjusted for age and sex was used to search for associations between changes in the HOMA test and changes in myokines. RESULTS In the targeted study, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression was upregulated (+30%, P = .006) while BDNF circulating levels were decreased (-12%, P = .001). Upregulated BDNF expression was associated with decreased HOMA of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (adjusted estimate [95% confidence interval {CI}]: -0.51 [-0.88 to -0.13], P = .010). Decreased BDNF serum levels were associated with decreased HOMA of beta-cell function (HOMA-B) (adjusted estimate [95% CI] = 0.002 [0.00002-0.0031], P = .046). In the untargeted study, upregulated putative myokines included XYLT1 (+64%, P < .001), LGR5 (+57, P< .001), and SPINK5 (+46%, P < .001). Upregulated LGR5 was associated with decreased HOMA-IR (adjusted estimate [95% CI] = -0.50 [-0.86 to -0.13], P = .009). Upregulated XYLT1 and SPINK5 were associated with increased HOMA of insulin sensitivity (HOMA-S) (respectively, adjusted estimate [95% CI] = 109.1 [28.5-189.8], P = .009 and 16.5 [0.87-32.19], P = .039). CONCLUSIONS Improved glucose homeostasis following bariatric surgery is associated with changes in myokines expression and circulating levels. In particular, upregulation of BDNF, XYLT1, SPINK5, and LGR5 is associated with improved insulin sensitivity. These results suggest that these myokines could contribute to improved glucose homeostasis following bariatric surgery. STUDY REGISTRATION NCT03341793 on ClinicalTrials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Orioli
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mickaël Canouil
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Kiswendsida Sawadogo
- Statistical Support Unit, King Albert II Cancer and Hematology Institute, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lijiao Ning
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Louise Deldicque
- Institute of NeuroScience, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Pascale Lause
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie de Barsy
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, 59000 Lille, France
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion, and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, United Kingdom
| | - Audrey Loumaye
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yannick Deswysen
- Department of Oeso-gastro-duodenal and Bariatric Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benoit Navez
- Department of Oeso-gastro-duodenal and Bariatric Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amélie Bonnefond
- Inserm U1283, CNRS UMR 8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
- University of Lille, Lille University Hospital, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Jean-Paul Thissen
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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10
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Wortham M, Liu F, Harrington AR, Fleischman JY, Wallace M, Mulas F, Mallick M, Vinckier NK, Cross BR, Chiou J, Patel NA, Sui Y, McGrail C, Jun Y, Wang G, Jhala US, Schüle R, Shirihai OS, Huising MO, Gaulton KJ, Metallo CM, Sander M. Nutrient regulation of the islet epigenome controls adaptive insulin secretion. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e165208. [PMID: 36821378 PMCID: PMC10104905 DOI: 10.1172/jci165208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptation of the islet β cell insulin-secretory response to changing insulin demand is critical for blood glucose homeostasis, yet the mechanisms underlying this adaptation are unknown. Here, we have shown that nutrient-stimulated histone acetylation plays a key role in adapting insulin secretion through regulation of genes involved in β cell nutrient sensing and metabolism. Nutrient regulation of the epigenome occurred at sites occupied by the chromatin-modifying enzyme lysine-specific demethylase 1 (Lsd1) in islets. β Cell-specific deletion of Lsd1 led to insulin hypersecretion, aberrant expression of nutrient-response genes, and histone hyperacetylation. Islets from mice adapted to chronically increased insulin demand exhibited shared epigenetic and transcriptional changes. Moreover, we found that genetic variants associated with type 2 diabetes were enriched at LSD1-bound sites in human islets, suggesting that interpretation of nutrient signals is genetically determined and clinically relevant. Overall, these studies revealed that adaptive insulin secretion involves Lsd1-mediated coupling of nutrient state to regulation of the islet epigenome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Wortham
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center and
| | - Fenfen Liu
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center and
| | - Austin R. Harrington
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center and
| | - Johanna Y. Fleischman
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center and
| | - Martina Wallace
- Department of Bioengineering, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Francesca Mulas
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center and
| | - Medhavi Mallick
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center and
| | - Nicholas K. Vinckier
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center and
| | - Benjamin R. Cross
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center and
| | - Joshua Chiou
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center and
| | - Nisha A. Patel
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center and
| | - Yinghui Sui
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center and
| | - Carolyn McGrail
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center and
| | - Yesl Jun
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center and
| | - Gaowei Wang
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center and
| | - Ulupi S. Jhala
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center and
| | - Roland Schüle
- Department of Urology, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Orian S. Shirihai
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mark O. Huising
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, and Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, UCD, Davis, California, USA
| | - Kyle J. Gaulton
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center and
| | | | - Maike Sander
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center and
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11
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Hall LG, Thyfault JP, Johnson JD. Exercise and inactivity as modifiers of β cell function and type 2 diabetes risk. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 134:823-839. [PMID: 36759159 PMCID: PMC10042613 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00472.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise and regular physical activity are beneficial for the prevention and management of metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, whereas exercise cessation, defined as deconditioning from regular exercise or physical activity that has lasted for a period of months to years, can lead to metabolic derangements that drive disease. Adaptations to the insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells are an important benefit of exercise, whereas less is known about how exercise cessation affects these cells. Our aim is to review the impact that exercise and exercise cessation have on β-cell function, with a focus on the evidence from studies examining glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) using gold-standard techniques. Potential mechanisms by which the β-cell adapts to exercise, including exerkine and incretin signaling, autonomic nervous system signaling, and changes in insulin clearance, will also be explored. We will highlight areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam G Hall
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John P Thyfault
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
- KU Diabetes Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - James D Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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12
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Ren M, Zhang J, Dai S, Wang C, Chen Z, Zhang S, Xu J, Qin X, Liu F. CX3CR1 deficiency exacerbates immune-mediated hepatitis by increasing NF-κB-mediated cytokine production in macrophage and T cell. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:117-129. [PMID: 36426712 PMCID: PMC10041049 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221128573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune-mediated hepatitis is marked by liver inflammation characterized by immune cell infiltration, chemokine/cytokine production, and hepatocyte injury. C-X3C motif receptor 1 (CX3CR1), as the receptor of chemokine C-X3C motif ligand 1 (CX3CL1)/fractalkine, is mainly expressed on immune cells including monocytes and T cells. Previous studies have shown that CX3CR1 protects against liver fibrosis, but the exact role of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 in acute immune-mediated hepatitis remains unknown. Here, we investigate the role of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis in immune-mediated hepatitis using concanavalin A (ConA)-induced liver injury model in CX3CR1-deficient (Cx3cr1-/-) mice. We observed that Cx3cr1-/- mice had severe liver injury and increased pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α], interferon-gamma [IFN-γ], interleukin-1 beta [IL-1β], and IL-6) in serum and liver compared to wild-type (Cx3cr1+/+) mice after ConA injection. The deficiency of CX3CR1 did not affect ConA-induced immune cell infiltration in liver but led to elevated production of TNF-α in macrophages as well as IFN-γ in T cells after ConA treatment. On the contrary, exogenous CX3CL1 attenuated ConA-induced cytokine production in wild type, but not CX3CR1-deficient macrophages and T cells. Furthermore, in vitro results showed that CX3CR1 deficiency promoted the pro-inflammatory cytokine expression by increasing the phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 (p-NF-κB p65). Finally, pre-treatment of p-NF-κB p65 inhibitor, resveratrol, attenuated ConA-induced liver injury and inflammatory responses, especially in Cx3cr1-/- mice. In conclusion, our data show that the deficiency of CX3CR1 promotes pro-inflammatory cytokine production in macrophages and T cells by enhancing the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65, which exacerbates liver injury in ConA-induced hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ren
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | - Jinyan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Shen Dai
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxiao Wang
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | - Siqi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Junming Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuebin Qin
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Fengming Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250000, People's Republic of China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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13
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Root KM, Akhaphong B, Cedars MA, Molin AM, Huchthausen ME, Laule CF, Regal RR, Alejandro EU, Regal JF. Critical Role for Macrophages in the Developmental Programming of Pancreatic β-Cell Area in Offspring of Hypertensive Pregnancies. Diabetes 2022; 71:2597-2611. [PMID: 36125850 PMCID: PMC9750952 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific complication with long-term negative outcomes for offspring, including increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2D) in adulthood. In a rat reduced uteroplacental perfusion pressure (RUPP) model of chronic placental ischemia, maternal hypertension in conjunction with intrauterine growth restriction mimicked aspects of preeclampsia and resulted in female embryonic day 19 (e19) offspring with reduced β-cell area and increased β-cell apoptosis compared with offspring of sham pregnancies. Decreased pancreatic β-cell area persisted to postnatal day 13 (PD13) in females and could influence whether T2D developed in adulthood. Macrophage changes also occurred in islets in T2D. Therefore, we hypothesized that macrophages are crucial to reduction in pancreatic β-cell area in female offspring after chronic placental ischemia. Macrophage marker CD68 mRNA expression was significantly elevated in e19 and PD13 islets isolated from female RUPP offspring compared with sham. Postnatal injections of clodronate liposomes into female RUPP and sham offspring on PD2 and PD9 significantly depleted macrophages compared with injections of control liposomes. Depletion of macrophages rescued reduced β-cell area and increased β-cell proliferation and size in RUPP offspring. Our studies suggest that the presence of macrophages is important for reduced β-cell area in female RUPP offspring and changes in macrophages could contribute to development of T2D in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate M. Root
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN
| | - Brian Akhaphong
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Melissa A. Cedars
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN
| | - Alexa M. Molin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN
| | | | - Connor F. Laule
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Ronald R. Regal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN
| | - Emilyn U. Alejandro
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Jean F. Regal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN
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14
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Brain fractalkine-CX3CR1 signalling is anti-obesity system as anorexigenic and anti-inflammatory actions in diet-induced obese mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12604. [PMID: 35871167 PMCID: PMC9308795 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16944-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Fractalkine is one of the CX3C chemokine family, and it is widely expressed in the brain including the hypothalamus. In the brain, fractalkine is expressed in neurons and binds to a CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1) in microglia. The hypothalamus regulates energy homeostasis of which dysregulation is associated with obesity. Therefore, we examined whether fractalkine-CX3CR1 signalling involved in regulating food intake and hypothalamic inflammation associated with obesity pathogenesis. In the present study, fractalkine significantly reduced food intake induced by several experimental stimuli and significantly increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA expression in the hypothalamus. Moreover, tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB) antagonist impaired fractalkine-induced anorexigenic actions. In addition, compared with wild-type mice, CX3CR1-deficient mice showed a significant increase in food intake and a significant decrease in BDNF mRNA expression in the hypothalamus. Mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks showed hypothalamic inflammation and reduced fractalkine mRNA expression in the hypothalamus. Intracerebroventricular administration of fractalkine significantly suppressed HFD-induced hypothalamic inflammation in mice. HFD intake for 4 weeks caused hypothalamic inflammation in CX3CR1-deficient mice, but not in wild-type mice. These findings suggest that fractalkine-CX3CR1 signalling induces anorexigenic actions via activation of the BDNF-TrkB pathway and suppresses HFD-induced hypothalamic inflammation in mice.
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15
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Ni Y, Zhuge F, Ni L, Nagata N, Yamashita T, Mukaida N, Kaneko S, Ota T, Nagashimada M. CX3CL1/CX3CR1 interaction protects against lipotoxicity-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by regulating macrophage migration and M1/M2 status. Metabolism 2022; 136:155272. [PMID: 35914622 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (CX3CL1) and its receptor CX3CR1 regulate the migration and activation of immune cells and are involved in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), but the mechanism remains elusive. Here, the roles of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 in the macrophage migration and polarization in the livers of NASH mice were investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS The expression of Cx3cl1 and Cx3cr1 was markedly upregulated in the livers of lipotoxicity-induced NASH mice. CX3CR1 was predominantly expressed by F4/80+ macrophages and to a lesser degree by hepatic stellate cells or endothelial cells in the livers of NASH mice. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that, compared with chow-fed mice, NASH mice exhibited a significant increase in CX3CR1+ expression by liver macrophages (LMs), particularly M1 LMs. CX3CR1 deficiency caused a significant increase in inflammatory monocyte/macrophage infiltration and a shift toward M1 dominant macrophages in the liver, thereby exacerbating the progression of NASH. Moreover, transplantation of Cx3cr1-/- bone marrow was sufficient to cause glucose intolerance, inflammation, and fibrosis in the liver. In addition, deletion of CCL2 in Cx3cr1-/- mice alleviated NASH progression by decreasing macrophage infiltration and inducing a shift toward M2 dominant LMs. Importantly, overexpression of CX3CL1 in vivo protected against hepatic fibrosis in NASH. CONCLUSION Pharmacological therapy targeting liver CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling might be a candidate for the treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhua Ni
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, China; Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Fen Zhuge
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan; Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, China
| | - Liyang Ni
- Food Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Nagata
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Function Analysis, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamashita
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Naofumi Mukaida
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kaneko
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Tsuguhito Ota
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Mayumi Nagashimada
- Department of Cell Metabolism and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan; Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan.
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16
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Surfactin Mitigates a High-Fat Diet and Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetes through Improving Pancreatic Dysfunction and Inhibiting Inflammatory Response. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911086. [PMID: 36232419 PMCID: PMC9570334 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactin from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens fmb50 was utilized to treat mice with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) induced by a high-fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ). Our group’s earlier research indicated that surfactin could lower blood glucose and mitigate liver dysfunction to further improve HFD/STZ-induced T2DM through modulating intestinal microbiota. Thus, we further investigated the effects of surfactin on the pancreas and colon in mice with T2DM to elucidate the detailed mechanism. In the present study, mice with HFD/STZ-induced T2DM had their pancreatic and colon inflammation, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) reduced when given oral surfactin at a dose of 80 mg/kg body weight. According to further research, surfactin also improved glucose metabolism by activating the phosphatidylinositol kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, further protecting islets β-cell, promoting insulin secretion, inhibiting glucagon release and mitigating pancreas dysfunction. Additionally, after surfactin treatment, the colon levels of the tight junction proteins Occludin and Claudin-1 of T2DM mice were considerably increased by 130.64% and by 36.40%, respectively. These findings revealed that surfactin not only ameliorated HFD/STZ-induced pancreas inflammation and dysfunction and preserved intestinal barrier dysfunction and gut microbiota homeostasis but also enhanced insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in T2DM mice. Finally, in the further experiment, we were able to demonstrate that early surfactin intervention might delay the development of T2DM caused by HFD/STZ, according to critical biochemical parameters in serum.
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17
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Lv C, Sun Y, Zhang ZY, Aboelela Z, Qiu X, Meng ZX. β-cell dynamics in type 2 diabetes and in dietary and exercise interventions. J Mol Cell Biol 2022; 14:6656373. [PMID: 35929791 PMCID: PMC9710517 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjac046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance are two of the major causes of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Recent clinical and experimental studies have suggested that the functional capacity of β-cells, particularly in the first phase of insulin secretion, is a primary contributor to the progression of T2D and its associated complications. Pancreatic β-cells undergo dynamic compensation and decompensation processes during the development of T2D, in which metabolic stresses such as endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, and inflammatory signals are key regulators of β-cell dynamics. Dietary and exercise interventions have been shown to be effective approaches for the treatment of obesity and T2D, especially in the early stages. Whilst the targeted tissues and underlying mechanisms of dietary and exercise interventions remain somewhat vague, accumulating evidence has implicated the improvement of β-cell functional capacity. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of the dynamic adaptations of β-cell function in T2D progression and clarify the effects and mechanisms of dietary and exercise interventions on β-cell dysfunction in T2D. This review provides molecular insights into the therapeutic effects of dietary and exercise interventions on T2D, and more importantly, it paves the way for future research on the related underlying mechanisms for developing precision prevention and treatment of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengan Lv
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Metabolic Research Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China,Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuchen Sun
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Metabolic Research Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China,Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China,Zhejiang University–University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJE), Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
| | - Zhe Yu Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Metabolic Research Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China,Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zeyad Aboelela
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Metabolic Research Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China,Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China,Bachelors of Surgery, Bachelors of Medicine (MBBS), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
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18
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Moon JS, Riopel M, Seo JB, Herrero-Aguayo V, Isaac R, Lee YS. HIF-2α Preserves Mitochondrial Activity and Glucose Sensing in Compensating β-Cells in Obesity. Diabetes 2022; 71:1508-1524. [PMID: 35472707 PMCID: PMC9233300 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In obesity, increased mitochondrial metabolism with the accumulation of oxidative stress leads to mitochondrial damage and β-cell dysfunction. In particular, β-cells express antioxidant enzymes at relatively low levels and are highly vulnerable to oxidative stress. Early in the development of obesity, β-cells exhibit increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in order to compensate for insulin resistance. This increase in β-cell function under the condition of enhanced metabolic stress suggests that β-cells possess a defense mechanism against increased oxidative damage, which may become insufficient or decline at the onset of type 2 diabetes. Here, we show that metabolic stress induces β-cell hypoxia inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α), which stimulates antioxidant gene expression (e.g., Sod2 and Cat) and protects against mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent mitochondrial damage. Knockdown of HIF-2α in Min6 cells exaggerated chronic high glucose-induced mitochondrial damage and β-cell dysfunction by increasing mitochondrial ROS levels. Moreover, inducible β-cell HIF-2α knockout mice developed more severe β-cell dysfunction and glucose intolerance on a high-fat diet, along with increased ROS levels and decreased islet mitochondrial mass. Our results provide a previously unknown mechanism through which β-cells defend against increased metabolic stress to promote β-cell compensation in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Su Moon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Matthew Riopel
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jong Bae Seo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Vicente Herrero-Aguayo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Roi Isaac
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Yun Sok Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Corresponding author: Yun Sok Lee,
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19
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Metabolic Impact of MKP-2 Upregulation in Obesity Promotes Insulin Resistance and Fatty Liver Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122475. [PMID: 35745205 PMCID: PMC9228271 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms connecting obesity with type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular diseases remain incompletely understood. The function of MAPK phosphatase-2 (MKP-2), a type 1 dual-specific phosphatase (DUSP) in whole-body metabolism, and how this contributes to the development of diet-induced obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and insulin resistance is largely unknown. We investigated the physiological contribution of MKP-2 in whole-body metabolism and whether MKP-2 is altered in obesity and human fatty liver disease using MKP-2 knockout mice models and human liver tissue derived from fatty liver disease patients. We demonstrate that, for the first time, MKP-2 expression was upregulated in liver tissue in humans with obesity and fatty liver disease and in insulin-responsive tissues in mice with obesity. MKP-2-deficient mice have enhanced p38 MAPK, JNK, and ERK activities in insulin-responsive tissues compared with wild-type mice. MKP-2 deficiency in mice protects against diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis and was accompanied by improved glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. Mkp-2−/− mice are resistant to diet-induced obesity owing to reduced food intake and associated lower respiratory exchange ratio. This was associated with enhanced circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) levels in Mkp-2−/− mice. PTEN, a negative regulator of Akt, was downregulated in livers of Mkp-2−/− mice, resulting in enhanced Akt activity consistent with increased insulin sensitivity. These studies identify a novel role for MKP-2 in the regulation of systemic metabolism and pathophysiology of obesity-induced insulin resistance and fatty liver disease.
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20
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Cao M, Isaac R, Yan W, Ruan X, Jiang L, Wan Y, Wang J, Wang E, Caron C, Neben S, Drygin D, Pizzo DP, Wu X, Liu X, Chin AR, Fong MY, Gao Z, Guo K, Fadare O, Schwab RB, Yuan Y, Yost SE, Mortimer J, Zhong W, Ying W, Bui JD, Sears DD, Olefsky JM, Wang SE. Cancer-cell-secreted extracellular vesicles suppress insulin secretion through miR-122 to impair systemic glucose homeostasis and contribute to tumour growth. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:954-967. [PMID: 35637408 PMCID: PMC9233030 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00919-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies demonstrate an association between breast cancer (BC) and systemic dysregulation of glucose metabolism. However, how BC influences glucose homeostasis remains unknown. We show that BC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) suppress pancreatic insulin secretion to impair glucose homeostasis. EV-encapsulated miR-122 targets PKM in β-cells to suppress glycolysis and ATP-dependent insulin exocytosis. Mice receiving high-miR-122 EVs or bearing BC tumours exhibit suppressed insulin secretion, enhanced endogenous glucose production, impaired glucose tolerance and fasting hyperglycaemia. These effects contribute to tumour growth and are abolished by inhibiting EV secretion or miR-122, restoring PKM in β-cells or supplementing insulin. Compared with non-cancer controls, patients with BC have higher levels of circulating EV-encapsulated miR-122 and fasting glucose concentrations but lower fasting insulin; miR-122 levels are positively associated with glucose and negatively associated with insulin. Therefore, EV-mediated impairment of whole-body glycaemic control may contribute to tumour progression and incidence of type 2 diabetes in some patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Cao
- Department of Pathology; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
| | - Roi Isaac
- Department of Medicine; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Pathology; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
| | - Xianhui Ruan
- Department of Pathology; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Pathology; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
| | - Yuhao Wan
- Department of Pathology; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
| | - Jessica Wang
- Department of Pathology; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
| | - Emily Wang
- Department of Pathology; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
| | - Christine Caron
- Department of Pathology; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
| | - Steven Neben
- Regulus Therapeutics Inc.; San Diego, CA 92121; USA
| | - Denis Drygin
- Regulus Therapeutics Inc.; San Diego, CA 92121; USA
| | - Donald P. Pizzo
- Department of Pathology; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
| | - Xiwei Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology; City of Hope; Duarte, CA 91010; USA
| | - Xuxiang Liu
- Department of Pathology; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
| | - Andrew R. Chin
- Department of Pathology; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
| | - Miranda Y. Fong
- Department of Pathology; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
| | - Ziting Gao
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Riverside; Riverside, CA 92521; USA
| | - Kaizhu Guo
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Riverside; Riverside, CA 92521; USA
| | - Oluwole Fadare
- Department of Pathology; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
| | - Richard B. Schwab
- Department of Medicine; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research; City of Hope; Duarte, CA 91010; USA
| | - Susan E. Yost
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research; City of Hope; Duarte, CA 91010; USA
| | - Joanne Mortimer
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research; City of Hope; Duarte, CA 91010; USA
| | - Wenwan Zhong
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Riverside; Riverside, CA 92521; USA
| | - Wei Ying
- Department of Medicine; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
| | - Jack D. Bui
- Department of Pathology; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
| | - Dorothy D. Sears
- Department of Medicine; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
- College of Health Solutions; Arizona State University; Phoenix, AZ 85004; USA
- Department of Family Medicine; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
- Moores Cancer Center; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
| | - Jerrold M. Olefsky
- Department of Medicine; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
| | - Shizhen Emily Wang
- Department of Pathology; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
- Moores Cancer Center; University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093; USA
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21
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Chow LS, Gerszten RE, Taylor JM, Pedersen BK, van Praag H, Trappe S, Febbraio MA, Galis ZS, Gao Y, Haus JM, Lanza IR, Lavie CJ, Lee CH, Lucia A, Moro C, Pandey A, Robbins JM, Stanford KI, Thackray AE, Villeda S, Watt MJ, Xia A, Zierath JR, Goodpaster BH, Snyder MP. Exerkines in health, resilience and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2022; 18:273-289. [PMID: 35304603 PMCID: PMC9554896 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-022-00641-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 140.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The health benefits of exercise are well-recognized and are observed across multiple organ systems. These beneficial effects enhance overall resilience, healthspan and longevity. The molecular mechanisms that underlie the beneficial effects of exercise, however, remain poorly understood. Since the discovery in 2000 that muscle contraction releases IL-6, the number of exercise-associated signalling molecules that have been identified has multiplied. Exerkines are defined as signalling moieties released in response to acute and/or chronic exercise, which exert their effects through endocrine, paracrine and/or autocrine pathways. A multitude of organs, cells and tissues release these factors, including skeletal muscle (myokines), the heart (cardiokines), liver (hepatokines), white adipose tissue (adipokines), brown adipose tissue (baptokines) and neurons (neurokines). Exerkines have potential roles in improving cardiovascular, metabolic, immune and neurological health. As such, exerkines have potential for the treatment of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, and possibly in the facilitation of healthy ageing. This Review summarizes the importance and current state of exerkine research, prevailing challenges and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa S Chow
- Division of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Robert E Gerszten
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joan M Taylor
- Department of Pathology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bente K Pedersen
- Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism/Centre for PA Research (CIM/CFAS), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henriette van Praag
- Stiles-Nicholson Brain institute and Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Scott Trappe
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA
| | - Mark A Febbraio
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zorina S Galis
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yunling Gao
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jacob M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ian R Lanza
- Division of Endocrinology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School-the University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Chih-Hao Lee
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER en Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cedric Moro
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Team MetaDiab, Inserm UMR1297, Toulouse, France
- Toulouse III University-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Ambarish Pandey
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jeremy M Robbins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kristin I Stanford
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alice E Thackray
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Saul Villeda
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew J Watt
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ashley Xia
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, & Metabolic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juleen R Zierath
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section for Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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22
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Balakrishnan R, Thurmond DC. Mechanisms by Which Skeletal Muscle Myokines Ameliorate Insulin Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4636. [PMID: 35563026 PMCID: PMC9102915 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The skeletal muscle is the largest organ in the body and secretes circulating factors, including myokines, which are involved in various cellular signaling processes. Skeletal muscle is vital for metabolism and physiology and plays a crucial role in insulin-mediated glucose disposal. Myokines have autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine functions, serving as critical regulators of myogenic differentiation, fiber-type switching, and maintaining muscle mass. Myokines have profound effects on energy metabolism and inflammation, contributing to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and other metabolic diseases. Myokines have been shown to increase insulin sensitivity, thereby improving glucose disposal and regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. Many myokines have now been identified, and research on myokine signaling mechanisms and functions is rapidly emerging. This review summarizes the current state of the field regarding the role of myokines in tissue cross-talk, including their molecular mechanisms, and their potential as therapeutic targets for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Debbie C. Thurmond
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA;
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23
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Serum proteomics links suppression of tumor immunity to ancestry and lethal prostate cancer. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1759. [PMID: 35365620 PMCID: PMC8975871 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29235-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
There is evidence that tumor immunobiology and immunotherapy response may differ between African American and European American prostate cancer patients. Here, we determine if men of African descent harbor a unique systemic immune-oncological signature and measure 82 circulating proteins in almost 3000 Ghanaian, African American, and European American men. Protein signatures for suppression of tumor immunity and chemotaxis are elevated in men of West African ancestry. Importantly, the suppression of tumor immunity protein signature associates with metastatic and lethal prostate cancer, pointing to clinical importance. Moreover, two markers, pleiotrophin and TNFRSF9, predict poor disease survival specifically among African American men. These findings indicate that immune-oncology marker profiles differ between men of African and European descent. These differences may contribute to the disproportionate burden of lethal prostate cancer in men of African ancestry. The elevated peripheral suppression of tumor immunity may have important implication for guidance of cancer therapy which could particularly benefit African American patients. Ancestry-related differences in immunobiology may explain the health disparities observed in prostate cancer patients, with men of African origin bearing the highest prostate cancer burden. By measuring immune-related proteins in serum samples, here the authors report that systemic cytokines linked to suppression of tumor immunity are upregulated in men of African ancestry and associated with reduced survival.
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24
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Zeybel M, Arif M, Li X, Altay O, Yang H, Shi M, Akyildiz M, Saglam B, Gonenli MG, Yigit B, Ulukan B, Ural D, Shoaie S, Turkez H, Nielsen J, Zhang C, Uhlén M, Borén J, Mardinoglu A. Multiomics Analysis Reveals the Impact of Microbiota on Host Metabolism in Hepatic Steatosis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104373. [PMID: 35128832 PMCID: PMC9008426 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a complex disease involving alterations in multiple biological processes regulated by the interactions between obesity, genetic background, and environmental factors including the microbiome. To decipher hepatic steatosis (HS) pathogenesis by excluding critical confounding factors including genetic variants and diabetes, 56 heterogenous MAFLD patients are characterized by generating multiomics data including oral and gut metagenomics as well as plasma metabolomics and inflammatory proteomics data. The dysbiosis in the oral and gut microbiome is explored and the host-microbiome interactions based on global metabolic and inflammatory processes are revealed. These multiomics data are integrated using the biological network and HS's key features are identified using multiomics data. HS is finally predicted using these key features and findings are validated in a follow-up cohort, where 22 subjects with varying degree of HS are characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujdat Zeybel
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologySchool of MedicineKoç UniversityIstanbul34010Turkey
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust & University of NottinghamNottinghamNG5 1PBUK
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases CentreSchool of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamNG7 2UHUK
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Science for Life LaboratoryKTH – Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSE‐17121Sweden
- Present address:
Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury and Section on Fibrotic DisordersNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of HealthRockvilleMD20852USA
| | - Xiangyu Li
- Science for Life LaboratoryKTH – Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSE‐17121Sweden
| | - Ozlem Altay
- Science for Life LaboratoryKTH – Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSE‐17121Sweden
| | - Hong Yang
- Science for Life LaboratoryKTH – Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSE‐17121Sweden
| | - Mengnan Shi
- Science for Life LaboratoryKTH – Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSE‐17121Sweden
| | - Murat Akyildiz
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologySchool of MedicineKoç UniversityIstanbul34010Turkey
| | - Burcin Saglam
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologySchool of MedicineKoç UniversityIstanbul34010Turkey
| | - Mehmet Gokhan Gonenli
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologySchool of MedicineKoç UniversityIstanbul34010Turkey
| | - Buket Yigit
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologySchool of MedicineKoç UniversityIstanbul34010Turkey
| | - Burge Ulukan
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologySchool of MedicineKoç UniversityIstanbul34010Turkey
| | - Dilek Ural
- School of MedicineKoç UniversityIstanbul34010Turkey
| | - Saeed Shoaie
- Science for Life LaboratoryKTH – Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSE‐17121Sweden
- Centre for Host‐Microbiome InteractionsFaculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial SciencesKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Hasan Turkez
- Department of Medical BiologyFaculty of MedicineAtatürk UniversityErzurum25240Turkey
| | - Jens Nielsen
- Department of Biology and Biological EngineeringChalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSE‐41296Sweden
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Science for Life LaboratoryKTH – Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSE‐17121Sweden
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation TechnologiesMinistry of EducationSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan Province450001China
| | - Mathias Uhlén
- Science for Life LaboratoryKTH – Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSE‐17121Sweden
| | - Jan Borén
- Department of Molecular and Clinical MedicineUniversity of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital GothenburgGothenburgSE‐41345Sweden
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life LaboratoryKTH – Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSE‐17121Sweden
- Centre for Host‐Microbiome InteractionsFaculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial SciencesKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
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25
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Zheng C, Xuan W, Chen Z, Zhang R, Huang X, Zhu Y, Ma S, Chen K, Chen L, He M, Lin H, Liao W, Bin J, Liao Y. CX3CL1 Worsens Cardiorenal Dysfunction and Serves as a Therapeutic Target of Canagliflozin for Cardiorenal Syndrome. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:848310. [PMID: 35370759 PMCID: PMC8971671 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.848310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of cardiorenal dysfunction induced by diabetes mellitus (DM), which belongs to cardiorenal syndrome type 5, is poor and its pathogenesis remains elusive. We have reported that CX3CL1 exacerbated heart failure and direct inhibition of CX3CL1 improved cardiac function. Emerging evidence supports that CX3CL1 is involved in renal impairment. Here we attempt to clarify whether CX3CL1 might be a therapeutic target for cardiorenal dysfunction in diabetes. We found that cardiac and renal CX3CL1 protein levels were significantly increased in both streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice and in non-obese diabetic mice, and that hyperglycemia led to persistent CX3CL1 expression in the heart and kidneys even after it was controlled by insulin. In cultured cardiac and renal cells, soluble CX3CL1 accelerated mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis via activation of the RhoA/ROCK1-Bax signaling pathway and promoted fibrosis through cellular phenotypic trans-differentiation mediated by the TGF-β/Smad pathway. In the two diabetic mouse models, knockout of CX3CL1 receptor CX3CR1 or treatment with an CX3CL1 neutralizing antibody significantly improved cardiorenal dysfunction by inhibiting apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and fibrosis. Moreover, sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor canagliflozin significantly downregulated cardiac and renal CX3CL1 expression and improved cardiorenal dysfunction. These findings indicate that CX3CL1 could be a new therapeutic target for diabetes-induced cardiorenal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cankun Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanling Xuan
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wanling Xuan, ; Yulin Liao,
| | - Zhenhuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxia Huang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingqi Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaitong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingyuan He
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hairuo Lin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wangjun Liao
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Bin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulin Liao
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wanling Xuan, ; Yulin Liao,
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26
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Evans RM, Wei Z. Interorgan crosstalk in pancreatic islet function and pathology. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:607-619. [PMID: 35014695 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic β cells secrete insulin in response to glucose, a process that is regulated at multiple levels, including a network of input signals from other organ systems. Impaired islet function contributes to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and targeting inter-organ communications, such as GLP-1 signalling, to enhance β-cell function has been proven to be a successful therapeutic strategy in the last decade. In this review, we will discuss recent advances in inter-organ communication from the metabolic, immune and neural system to pancreatic islets, their biological implication in normal pancreas endocrine function and their role in the (mal)adaptive responses of islet to nutrition-induced stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald M Evans
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zong Wei
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
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27
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Langlois A, Dumond A, Vion J, Pinget M, Bouzakri K. Crosstalk Communications Between Islets Cells and Insulin Target Tissue: The Hidden Face of Iceberg. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:836344. [PMID: 35185804 PMCID: PMC8851682 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.836344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of insulin secretion is under control of a complex inter-organ/cells crosstalk involving various metabolites and/or physical connections. In this review, we try to illustrate with current knowledge how β-cells communicate with other cell types and organs in physiological and pathological contexts. Moreover, this review will provide a better understanding of the microenvironment and of the context in which β-cells exist and how this can influence their survival and function. Recent studies showed that β-cell insulin secretion is regulated also by a direct and indirect inter-organ/inter-cellular communication involving various factors, illustrating the idea of "the hidden face of the iceberg". Moreover, any disruption on the physiological communication between β-cells and other cells or organs can participate on diabetes onset. Therefore, for new anti-diabetic treatments' development, it is necessary to consider the entire network of cells and organs involved in the regulation of β-cellular function and no longer just β-cell or pancreatic islet alone. In this context, we discuss here the intra-islet communication, the β-cell/skeletal muscle, β-cell/adipose tissue and β-cell/liver cross talk.
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28
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Chan PC, Hsieh PS. The Chemokine Systems at the Crossroads of Inflammation and Energy Metabolism in the Development of Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413528. [PMID: 34948325 PMCID: PMC8709111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is characterized as a complex and multifactorial excess accretion of adipose tissue accompanied with alterations in the immune and metabolic responses. Although the chemokine systems have been documented to be involved in the control of tissue inflammation and metabolism, the dual role of chemokines and chemokine receptors in the pathogenesis of the inflammatory milieu and dysregulated energy metabolism in obesity remains elusive. The objective of this review is to present an update on the link between chemokines and obesity-related inflammation and metabolism dysregulation under the light of recent knowledge, which may present important therapeutic targets that could control obesity-associated immune and metabolic disorders and chronic complications in the near future. In addition, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of chemokines and chemokine receptors including the potential effect of post-translational modification of chemokines in the regulation of inflammation and energy metabolism will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chi Chan
- National Defense Medical Center (NDMC), Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
| | - Po-Shiuan Hsieh
- National Defense Medical Center (NDMC), Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Taipei 114, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, NDMC, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-87923100 (ext. 18622); Fax: +886-2-87924827
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Impact of Vitamin D Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers' Levels in Obese Patients. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:1606-1622. [PMID: 34698104 PMCID: PMC8929128 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43030114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In view of research suggesting a possible beneficial impact of vitamin D on systemic inflammatory response, the authors decided to investigate an influence of vitamin D supplementation on serum levels of certain inflammatory markers in obese patients. The current study included such biomarkers as interleukin-6 (IL-6), pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), C-X3-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 1 (CX3CL1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and nitric oxide (NO). The measurements were performed with the ELISA method before and after 3-month-long supplementation of 2000 IU of vitamin D orally. The results showed that the therapy did not induce any statistically significant changes in serum levels of MCP-1, IL-6, CX3CL1, and PACAP. The supplementation was related to a significant increase in measurements of NO and AOPP levels, although the correlation analysis between vitamin D concentration after its supplementation and the concentration of the molecular parameters did not show significant relation. In conclusion, our study seems to contradict certain aspects of findings available in the literature regarding the vitamin D’s impact.
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Abstract
In this review, Lee and Olefsky discuss the characteristics of chronic inflammation in the major metabolic tissues and how obesity triggers these events, including a focus on the role of adipose tissue hypoxia and macrophage-derived exosomes. Obesity is the most common cause of insulin resistance, and the current obesity epidemic is driving a parallel rise in the incidence of T2DM. It is now widely recognized that chronic, subacute tissue inflammation is a major etiologic component of the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction in obesity. Here, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of immunometabolism. We discuss the characteristics of chronic inflammation in the major metabolic tissues and how obesity triggers these events, including a focus on the role of adipose tissue hypoxia and macrophage-derived exosomes. Last, we also review current and potential new therapeutic strategies based on immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Sok Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Jerrold Olefsky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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31
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Liu G, Lei Y, Luo S, Huang Z, Chen C, Wang K, Yang P, Huang X. MicroRNA expression profile and identification of novel microRNA biomarkers for metabolic syndrome. Bioengineered 2021; 12:3864-3872. [PMID: 34269146 PMCID: PMC8806888 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1952817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of efficient biomarkers is the main reason for the inaccurate early diagnosis and poor treatment outcomes of patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The current study aimed to identify several novel microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers for metabolic syndrome via high-throughput sequencing and comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. Through high-throughput sequencing and differentially expressed miRNA (DEM) analysis, we first identified two upregulated and 36 downregulated DEMs in the plasma samples of patients with MetS compared to the healthy volunteers. Additionally, we also predicted 379 potential target genes and subsequently carried out enrichment analysis and protein–protein interaction network analysis to investigate the signaling pathways and functions of the identified DEMs as well as the interactions between their target genes. Furthermore, we selected two upregulated and top 10 downregulated DEMs with the highest |log2FC| values as the key microRNAs, which may serve as potential biomarkers for MetS. RT-qPCR was performed to validated these result. Finally, hsa-miR-526b-5p, hsa-miR-6516-5p was identified as the novel biomarkers for MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanzhi Liu
- Bone and Joint Surgery Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yutian Lei
- Bone and Joint Surgery Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sen Luo
- Bone and Joint Surgery Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuo Huang
- Bone and Joint Surgery Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kunzheng Wang
- Bone and Joint Surgery Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pei Yang
- Bone and Joint Surgery Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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32
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Nagashimada M, Sawamoto K, Ni Y, Kitade H, Nagata N, Xu L, Kobori M, Mukaida N, Yamashita T, Kaneko S, Ota T. CX3CL1-CX3CR1 Signaling Deficiency Exacerbates Obesity-induced Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6188411. [PMID: 33765141 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The CX3CL1-CX3CR1 system plays an important role in disease progression by regulating inflammation both positively and negatively. We reported previously that C-C chemokine receptors 2 and 5 promote obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance. Here, we demonstrate that CX3CL1-CX3CR1 signaling is involved in adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in obese mice via adipose tissue macrophage recruitment and M1/M2 polarization. Cx3cl1 expression was persistently decreased in the epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) of high-fat diet-induced obese (DIO) mice, despite increased expression of other chemokines. Interestingly, in Cx3cr1-/- mice, glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis induced by DIO or leptin deficiency were exacerbated. CX3CL1-CX3CR1 signaling deficiency resulted in reduced M2-polarized macrophage migration and an M1-dominant shift of macrophages within eWAT. Furthermore, transplantation of Cx3cr1-/- bone marrow was sufficient to impair glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and regulation of M1/M2 status. Moreover, Cx3cl1 administration in vivo led to the attenuation of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Thus, therapy targeting the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 system may be beneficial in the treatment of type 2 diabetes by regulating M1/M2 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Nagashimada
- Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sawamoto
- Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yinhua Ni
- Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- College of Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hironori Kitade
- Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Naoto Nagata
- Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Liang Xu
- Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masuko Kobori
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Naofumi Mukaida
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamashita
- Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kaneko
- Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tsuguhito Ota
- Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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Sykes GP, Kamtchum-Tatuene J, Falcione S, Zehnder S, Munsterman D, Stamova B, Ander BP, Sharp FR, Jickling G. Aging Immune System in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Transcriptomic Analysis. Stroke 2021; 52:1355-1361. [PMID: 33641386 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.032040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina P Sykes
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (G.P.S., S.Z., D.M., G.J.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Joseph Kamtchum-Tatuene
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (J.K.-T., G.J.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Sarina Falcione
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology (S.F.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Sarah Zehnder
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (G.P.S., S.Z., D.M., G.J.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Danielle Munsterman
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (G.P.S., S.Z., D.M., G.J.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Boryana Stamova
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento (B.S., B.P.A., F.R.S., G.J.)
| | - Bradley P Ander
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento (B.S., B.P.A., F.R.S., G.J.)
| | - Frank R Sharp
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento (B.S., B.P.A., F.R.S., G.J.)
| | - Glen Jickling
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine (G.P.S., S.Z., D.M., G.J.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (J.K.-T., G.J.), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento (B.S., B.P.A., F.R.S., G.J.)
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34
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Faridvand Y, Haddadi P, Nejabati HR, Ghaffari S, Zamani-Gharehchamani E, Nozari S, Nouri M, Jodati A. Sulforaphane modulates CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis and inflammation in palmitic acid-induced cell injury in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:7971-7977. [PMID: 33034881 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05875-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown that sulforaphane (SFN) has potent anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging effects on obesity and associated disorder such as diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome, and metabolic syndrome. fractalkine (CX3CL1) and its receptor, CX3CR1, play an important role in muscle metabolism by improving insulin-sensitizing effects. Here, in this study we examined the SFN effect on CX3CL1 and its receptor, CX3CR1, in C2C12 myotubes in palmitic acid (PA)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. The results showed that PA (750 μM) evoked lipotoxicity as a reduction in cell viability, increased IL-6 and TNF-α expression, and enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, SFN pretreatment attenuated the levels of, IL-6 and TNF-α in C2C12 myotubes exposure to PA. Moreover, SFN pretreatment up-regulated nuclear factor erythroid related factor 2 (Nrf2) /heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) pathway protein in C2C12 cells as indicated by a decrease in ROS levels. Interestingly, PA also caused an increase in CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 expression that SFN abrogated it. We also found the protective effect of SFN agonist PA-induced lipotoxicity with promotes in UCP3 gene expression in C2C12 cells. Collectively, these findings suggest that SFN hampers the PA-induced inflammation in C2C12 cells by modulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis and may propose a new therapeutic approach to protect against obesity-associated disorders in skeletal muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Faridvand
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parinaz Haddadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Nejabati
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samad Ghaffari
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Samira Nozari
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Stem Cells Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Stem Cells Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (SCARM) Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ahmadreza Jodati
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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35
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Chen W, Wang L, You W, Shan T. Myokines mediate the cross talk between skeletal muscle and other organs. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:2393-2412. [PMID: 32885426 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Myokines are muscle-derived cytokines and chemokines that act extensively on organs and exert beneficial metabolic functions in the whole-body through specific signal networks. Myokines as mediators provide the conceptual basis for a whole new paradigm useful for understanding how skeletal muscle communicates with other organs. In this review, we summarize and discuss classes of myokines and their physiological functions in mediating the regulatory roles of skeletal muscle on other organs and the regulation of the whole-body energy metabolism. We review the mechanisms involved in the interaction between skeletal muscle and nonmuscle organs through myokines. Moreover, we clarify the connection between exercise, myokines and disease development, which may contribute to the understanding of a potential mechanism by which physical inactivity affects the process of metabolic diseases via myokines. Based on the current findings, myokines are important factors that mediate the effect of skeletal muscle on other organ functions and whole-body metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liyi Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing You
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
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36
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Schinzari F, Tesauro M, Campia U, Cardillo C. Increased fractalkine and vascular dysfunction in obesity and in type 2 diabetes. Effects of oral antidiabetic treatment. Vascul Pharmacol 2020; 128-129:106676. [PMID: 32224233 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2020.106676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Activation of fractalkine and other chemokines plays an important role in atherogenesis and, in conjunction with endothelial dysfunction, promotes premature vascular damage in obesity and diabetes. We hypothesized that increased circulating fractalkine coexists with impaired vasomotor function in metabolically healthy or unhealthy obesity, and that treatment with antidiabetic drugs may impact these abnormalities in type 2 diabetes. Compared to lean subjects, in both obese groups the vasodilator responses to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside were impaired (both P < .001); ETA-receptor blockade resulted in greater vasodilation (both P < .001); and plasma levels of fractalkine, E-selectin and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 were increased (all P < .05). In diabetic patients, oral antidiabetic drugs (glyburide, metformin or pioglitazone) reduced circulating levels fractalkine and E-selectin (both P < .05), without affecting vascular responses (all P > .05). Our findings indicate that insulin resistant states are associated with elevated atherogenic chemokines and impaired vascular reactivity. Antidiabetic treatment results in lower circulating fractalkine, which may provide cardiovascular benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manfredi Tesauro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Università Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Umberto Campia
- Vascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carmine Cardillo
- Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.
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37
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Luo R, Guo SM, Li YQ, Yang Y, Li ML, Han M, He XF, Ge SW, Xu G. Plasma fractalkine levels are associated with renal inflammation and outcomes in immunoglobulin A nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020; 34:1549-1558. [PMID: 30010903 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfy169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recognized noninvasive biomarker to improve risk stratification of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) patients is scarce. Fractalkine has been shown to play a key role in glomerular disease as chemoattractant, adhesion and even fibrosis factor. The current study assessed the possibility of plasma fractalkine as a novel biomarker in IgAN patients. METHODS Plasma fractalkine was measured in 229 patients with renal biopsy consistent IgAN from 2012 to 2014, and clinical, pathological and prognostic relationships were analyzed. RESULTS The plasma fractalkine levels in IgAN patients were significantly correlated with the creatinine level and 24-h urine protein by both univariate and multivariate analysis. Mesangial hypercellularity was still significantly correlated with the plasma fractalkine levels even after adjustment for other potential predictor variables by multivariate analysis. In addition, the counts of CD20+ B cells or CD68+ macrophage in renal biopsies of IgAN patients were significantly correlated with the plasma fractalkine levels, but not CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Finally, we concluded that patients with higher plasma fractalkine levels had higher risk of poor renal outcome compared with those with lower plasma fractalkine levels. No association was observed between the CX3CR1 polymorphisms and clinical parameters including plasma fractalkine levels and prognosis. Recombinant fractalkine induced mesangial cells extracellular matrix synthesis and promoted the migration of microphage cells RAW264.7. CONCLUSIONS Plasma fractalkine levels were associated with creatinine level, 24-h urine protein, mesangial hypercellularity pathological damage, the CD68+ macrophage and CD20+ B cell infiltration in renal tissue and renal outcome in IgAN patients. Plasma fractalkine might be a potential prognosis novel predictor in Chinese patients with IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shui-Ming Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yue-Qiang Li
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meng-Lan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Min Han
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Feng He
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shu-Wang Ge
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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38
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Ni CM, Ling BY, Xu X, Sun HP, Jin H, Zhang YQ, Cao H, Xu L. CX3CR1 contributes to streptozotocin-induced mechanical allodynia in the mouse spinal cord. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2020; 21:166-171. [PMID: 32115913 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1900439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy experience debilitating pain that significantly affects their quality of life (Abbott et al., 2011), by causing sleeping disorders, anxiety, and depression (Dermanovic Dobrota et al., 2014). The primary clinical manifestation of painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is mechanical hypersensitivity, also known as mechanical allodynia (MA) (Callaghan et al., 2012). MA's underlying mechanism remains poorly understood, and so far, based on symptomatic treatment, it has no effective therapy (Moore et al., 2014).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ming Ni
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Bing-Yu Ling
- Department of Emergency, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - He-Ping Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Kunshan First People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Yu-Qiu Zhang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hong Cao
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
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Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is the fastest growing metabolic disease in the world. Recently, muscle is considered an endocrine organ which secretes various peptides that play an important role in insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. We assessed 4 different myokines, irisin, interleukin-13 (IL-13), follistatin-related protein-1 (FSTL-1), and fractalkine, in normal, prediabetes, and diabetes patients.A total of 126 participants who visited Gangnam Severance Hospital were enrolled and divided into normal, prediabetes, and diabetes groups based on oral glucose tolerance test and hemoglobin a1c. A cross-sectional study was conducted to measure and compare serum levels of irisin, IL-13, FSTL-1, and fractalkine among the groups.Irisin level showed a tendency to increase in prediabetes group compared to normal group (P < .1) but showed a significant decrease when comparing diabetes from prediabetes group (P < .001). IL-13 decreased in diabetes group compared to prediabetes and normal group (P < .001, P < .05, respectively). FSTL-1 of diabetes group was lower than that of prediabetes group (P < .05), and fractalkine was higher in diabetes group compared to that of prediabetes and normal group (P < .01, P < .01, respectively).Irisin, IL-13, and FSTL-1 levels were reduced in diabetes group compared to normal or prediabetes group while fractalkine showed a progressive increase from normal to diabetes group. Further studies are warranted to study the roles of various myokine in diabetes through a larger prospective study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chul Woo Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Suk Park
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - YuSik Kim
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Sun Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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40
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Young E, Nwatu C. Prediabetes in sub-saharan Africa: Pathophysiology, predictors, and prevalence. NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/njm.njm_30_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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41
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Mizgier ML, Fernández-Verdejo R, Cherfan J, Pinget M, Bouzakri K, Galgani JE. Insights on the Role of Putative Muscle-Derived Factors on Pancreatic Beta Cell Function. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1024. [PMID: 31440170 PMCID: PMC6694406 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a main target of insulin action that plays a pivotal role in postprandial glucose disposal. Importantly, skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity relates inversely with pancreatic insulin secretion, which prompted the hypothesis of the existence of a skeletal muscle-pancreas crosstalk mediated through an endocrine factor. The observation that changes in skeletal muscle glucose metabolism are accompanied by altered insulin secretion supports this hypothesis. Meanwhile, a muscle-derived circulating factor affecting in vivo insulin secretion remains elusive. This factor may correspond to peptides/proteins (so called myokines), exosomes and their cargo, and metabolites. We hereby review the most remarkable evidence encouraging the possibility of such inter-organ communication, with special focus on muscle-derived factors that may potentially mediate such skeletal muscle-pancreas crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria L Mizgier
- UMR DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Rodrigo Fernández-Verdejo
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Julien Cherfan
- UMR DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Michel Pinget
- UMR DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Karim Bouzakri
- UMR DIATHEC, EA 7294, Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jose E Galgani
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Nutrición, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Hwang HJ, Yang YR, Kim HY, Choi Y, Park KS, Lee H, Ma JS, Yamamoto M, Kim J, Chae YC, Choi JH, Cocco L, Berggren PO, Jang HJ, Suh PG. Phospholipase C‐β1 potentiates glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion. FASEB J 2019; 33:10668-10679. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802732rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Jeong Hwang
- School of Life SciencesUlsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsanSouth Korea
| | - Yong Ryoul Yang
- Aging Research CenterKorea Research Institute of Bioscience and BiotechnologyDaejeonSouth Korea
| | - Hye Yun Kim
- School of Life SciencesUlsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsanSouth Korea
| | - Yoonji Choi
- School of Life SciencesUlsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsanSouth Korea
| | - Kyoung-Su Park
- School of Life SciencesUlsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsanSouth Korea
| | - Ho Lee
- Cancer Experimental Resources BranchNational Cancer CenterGoyang-siSouth Korea
| | - Ji Su Ma
- Department of ImmunoparasitologyResearch Institute for Microbial DiseasesOsaka UniversitySuitaJapan
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Department of ImmunoparasitologyResearch Institute for Microbial DiseasesOsaka UniversitySuitaJapan
| | - Jaeyoon Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine and SurgeryThe Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and EndocrinologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and BiotechnologyPohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangSouth Korea
| | - Young Chan Chae
- School of Life SciencesUlsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsanSouth Korea
| | - Jang Hyun Choi
- School of Life SciencesUlsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsanSouth Korea
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping CenterUlsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsanSouth Korea
| | - Lucio Cocco
- Department of Biomedical SciencesSignalling LaboratoryUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Per-Olof Berggren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and SurgeryThe Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and EndocrinologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and BiotechnologyPohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangSouth Korea
| | - Hyun-Jun Jang
- School of Life SciencesUlsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsanSouth Korea
| | - Pann-Ghill Suh
- School of Life SciencesUlsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsanSouth Korea
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Demi R İ, Guler A, Alarslan P, Isil AM, Ucman O, Aslanipour B, Calan M. Fractalkine: an inflammatory chemokine elevated in subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocrine 2019; 65:175-183. [PMID: 31154608 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-01972-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fractalkine (FKN) is an inflammatory chemokine related to reproductive system and glucose metabolism. There is a link between FKN and steroidogenesis as FKN induces progesterone synthesis. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive and metabolic disorder associated with low progesterone production and insulin resistance. We aimed to explore whether women with PCOS have any difference in FKN levels compared to women without PCOS. We also focused on determination of any association between FKN levels and hormonal-metabolic parameters in women with PCOS. METHODS The current research was designed as a case-control study. Eighty subjects with PCOS and 80 age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched subjects with normal menstrual cycle were taken into the study. We measured circulating FKN levels via ELISA methods. RESULTS Circulating FKN levels were higher in women with PCOS than controls (1.93 ± 0.61 vs. 1.22 ± 0.33 ng/ml, P< 0.001). FKN levels showed a positive correlation with body mass index (BMI), insulin resistance, inflammatory marker hs-CRP, total testosterone, and free-androgen index (FAI), whereas it showed a negative correlation with sex hormone-binding protein in women with PCOS. Linear regression analyses revealed that the link of FKN with BMI, insulin resistance, hs-CRP, and FAI was independent. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of having PCOS was associated with high levels of FKN. CONCLUSIONS Increased FKN levels related to insulin resistance, inflammation and androgens in women with PCOS. FKN may have an inter-related role in different pathophysiologic pathways of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- İsmail Demi R
- Department of Internal Medicine, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, 35170, Bozyaka, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Aslı Guler
- Department of Family Physician, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, 35170, Bozyaka, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Pınar Alarslan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, 35170, Bozyaka, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Murat Isil
- Department of Family Physician, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, 35170, Bozyaka, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozge Ucman
- Department of Family Physician, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, 35170, Bozyaka, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Behnaz Aslanipour
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Calan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, 35170, Bozyaka, Izmir, Turkey.
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Wollam J, Riopel M, Xu YJ, Johnson AMF, Ofrecio JM, Ying W, El Ouarrat D, Chan LS, Han AW, Mahmood NA, Ryan CN, Lee YS, Watrous JD, Chordia MD, Pan D, Jain M, Olefsky JM. Microbiota-Produced N-Formyl Peptide fMLF Promotes Obesity-Induced Glucose Intolerance. Diabetes 2019; 68:1415-1426. [PMID: 31010956 PMCID: PMC6609982 DOI: 10.2337/db18-1307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota and associated metabolites changes dramatically with diet and the development of obesity. Although many correlations have been described, specific mechanistic links between these changes and glucose homeostasis remain to be defined. Here we show that blood and intestinal levels of the microbiota-produced N-formyl peptide, formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, are elevated in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of the N-formyl peptide receptor Fpr1 leads to increased insulin levels and improved glucose tolerance, dependent upon glucagon-like peptide 1. Obese Fpr1 knockout mice also display an altered microbiome, exemplifying the dynamic relationship between host metabolism and microbiota. Overall, we describe a new mechanism by which the gut microbiota can modulate glucose metabolism, providing a potential approach for the treatment of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Wollam
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Matthew Riopel
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Yong-Jiang Xu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Andrew M F Johnson
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jachelle M Ofrecio
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Wei Ying
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Dalila El Ouarrat
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | | | | | | | | | - Yun Sok Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jeramie D Watrous
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Mahendra D Chordia
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Dongfeng Pan
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Mohit Jain
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Jerrold M Olefsky
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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Lee YS, Riopel M, Cabrales P, Bandyopadhyay GK. Hepatocyte-specific HIF-1α ablation improves obesity-induced glucose intolerance by reducing first-pass GLP-1 degradation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaaw4176. [PMID: 31281892 PMCID: PMC6609217 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw4176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The decrease in incretin effects is an important etiologic component of type 2 diabetes with unknown mechanisms. In an attempt to understand obesity-induced changes in liver oxygen homeostasis, we found that liver HIF-1α expression was increased mainly by soluble factors released from obese adipocytes, leading to decreased incretin effects. Deletion of hepatocyte HIF-1α protected obesity-induced glucose intolerance without changes in body weight, liver steatosis, or insulin resistance. In-depth mouse metabolic phenotyping revealed that obesity increased first-pass degradation of an incretin hormone GLP-1 with increased liver DPP4 expression and decreased sinusoidal blood flow rate, reducing active GLP-1 levels in peripheral circulation. Hepatocyte HIF-1α KO blocked these changes induced by obesity. Deletion of hepatocyte HIF-2α did not change liver DPP4 expression but improved hepatic steatosis. Our results identify a previously unknown pathway for obesity-induced impaired beta cell glucose response (incretin effects) and the development of glucose intolerance through inter-organ communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Sok Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Matthew Riopel
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Pedro Cabrales
- Department of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Guatam K. Bandyopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Huang XT, Liu W, Zhou Y, Sun M, Sun CC, Zhang CY, Tang SY. Endoplasmic reticulum stress contributes to NMDA-induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in a CHOP-dependent manner. Life Sci 2019; 232:116612. [PMID: 31260687 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Accumulating evidence suggest that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is an important mechanism underlying the development of diabetes. We have reported that sustained treatment with N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) results in apoptotic β-cell death and impairs insulin secretion. However, the molecular mechanism responsible for NMDA-induced β-cell dysfunction remains largely obscure. Thus, this study aimed to determine whether sustained activation of NMDA receptors (NMDARs) causes β-cell dysfunction through ER stress. MAIN METHODS Primary mouse islets and MIN6 mouse pancreatic β-cells were treated with NMDA for 24 h or high-glucose for 72 h. After the treatment, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and the expression of ER stress markers were measured, respectively. In vivo, the expression of ER stress markers was measured in the pancreas of diabetic mice treated with or without NMDARs inhibitor Memantine. KEY FINDINGS NMDA treatment caused an increase in the expression of ER stress markers (ATF4, CHOP, GRP78, and Xbp1s) in primary islets. While, tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an inhibitor of ER stress, significantly attenuated NMDA-induced β-cell dysfunction, including the loss of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and reduction of pancreas duodenum homeobox factor-1 (Pdx-1) mRNA expression, a transcription factor regulating insulin synthesis. Besides, NMDA-induced ER stress strongly promoted pro-inflammatory cytokines synthesis (IL-1β and TNF-α) in β cells. Interestingly, knockdown of CHOP attenuated β-cell dysfunction evoked by NMDA. Furthermore, we demonstrated that blockade of NMDARs ameliorated high-glucose-induced ER stress in vitro and in vivo. SIGNIFICANCE This study confirms that ER stress is actively involved in the activation of NMDARs-related β-cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ting Huang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mei Sun
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chen-Chen Sun
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chen-Yu Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Si-Yuan Tang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Ying W, Lee YS, Dong Y, Seidman JS, Yang M, Isaac R, Seo JB, Yang BH, Wollam J, Riopel M, McNelis J, Glass CK, Olefsky JM, Fu W. Expansion of Islet-Resident Macrophages Leads to Inflammation Affecting β Cell Proliferation and Function in Obesity. Cell Metab 2019; 29:457-474.e5. [PMID: 30595478 PMCID: PMC6701710 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The nature of obesity-associated islet inflammation and its impact on β cell abnormalities remains poorly defined. Here, we explore immune cell components of islet inflammation and define their roles in regulating β cell function and proliferation. Islet inflammation in obese mice is dominated by macrophages. We identify two islet-resident macrophage populations, characterized by their anatomical distributions, distinct phenotypes, and functional properties. Obesity induces the local expansion of resident intra-islet macrophages, independent of recruitment from circulating monocytes. Functionally, intra-islet macrophages impair β cell function in a cell-cell contact-dependent manner. Increased engulfment of β cell insulin secretory granules by intra-islet macrophages in obese mice may contribute to restricting insulin secretion. In contrast, both intra- and peri-islet macrophage populations from obese mice promote β cell proliferation in a PDGFR signaling-dependent manner. Together, these data define distinct roles and mechanisms for islet macrophages in the regulation of islet β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ying
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Yun Sok Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Yi Dong
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jason S Seidman
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Meixiang Yang
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; The First Affiliated Hospital, Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Roi Isaac
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jong Bae Seo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Bi-Huei Yang
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joshua Wollam
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Matthew Riopel
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joanne McNelis
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Christopher K Glass
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jerrold M Olefsky
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Wenxian Fu
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Riopel M, Vassallo M, Ehinger E, Pattison J, Bowden K, Winkels H, Wilson M, de Jong R, Patel S, Balakrishna D, Bilakovics J, Fanjul A, Plonowski A, Larson CJ, Ley K, Cabrales P, Witztum JL, Olefsky JM, Lee YS. CX3CL1-Fc treatment prevents atherosclerosis in Ldlr KO mice. Mol Metab 2019; 20:89-101. [PMID: 30553772 PMCID: PMC6358552 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atherosclerosis is a major cause of cardiovascular disease. Monocyte-endothelial cell interactions are partly mediated by expression of monocyte CX3CR1 and endothelial cell fractalkine (CX3CL1). Interrupting the interaction between this ligand-receptor pair should reduce monocyte binding to the endothelial wall and reduce atherosclerosis. We sought to reduce atherosclerosis by preventing monocyte-endothelial cell interactions through use of a long-acting CX3CR1 agonist. METHODS In this study, the chemokine domain of CX3CL1 was fused to the mouse Fc region to generate a long-acting soluble form of CX3CL1 suitable for chronic studies. CX3CL1-Fc or saline was injected twice a week (30 mg/kg) for 4 months into Ldlr knockout (KO) mice on an atherogenic western diet. RESULTS CX3CL1-Fc-treated Ldlr KO mice showed decreased en face aortic lesion surface area and reduced aortic root lesion size with decreased necrotic core area. Flow cytometry analyses of CX3CL1-Fc-treated aortic wall cell digests revealed a decrease in M1-like polarized macrophages and T cells. Moreover, CX3CL1-Fc administration reduced diet-induced atherosclerosis after switching from an atherogenic to a normal chow diet. In vitro monocyte adhesion studies revealed that CX3CL1-Fc treatment caused fewer monocytes to adhere to a human umbilical vein endothelial cell monolayer. Furthermore, a dorsal window chamber model demonstrated that CX3CL1-Fc treatment decreased in vivo leukocyte adhesion and rolling in live capillaries after short-term ischemia-reperfusion. CONCLUSION These results indicate that CX3CL1-Fc can inhibit monocyte/endothelial cell adhesion as well as reduce atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Riopel
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Melanie Vassallo
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Erik Ehinger
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Pattison
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karen Bowden
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Holger Winkels
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Maria Wilson
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ron de Jong
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sanjay Patel
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Deepika Balakrishna
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - James Bilakovics
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Fanjul
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Artur Plonowski
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Christopher J Larson
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Drug Discovery Unit, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Klaus Ley
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pedro Cabrales
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joseph L Witztum
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jerrold M Olefsky
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Yun Sok Lee
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Lee G, Jang H, Kim YY, Choe SS, Kong J, Hwang I, Park J, Im SS, Kim JB. SREBP1c-PAX4 Axis Mediates Pancreatic β-Cell Compensatory Responses Upon Metabolic Stress. Diabetes 2019; 68:81-94. [PMID: 30352876 DOI: 10.2337/db18-0556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
SREBP1c is a key transcription factor for de novo lipogenesis. Although SREBP1c is expressed in pancreatic islets, its physiological roles in pancreatic β-cells are largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that SREBP1c regulates β-cell compensation under metabolic stress. SREBP1c expression level was augmented in pancreatic islets from obese and diabetic animals. In pancreatic β-cells, SREBP1c activation promoted the expression of cell cycle genes and stimulated β-cell proliferation through its novel target gene, PAX4 Compared with SREBP1c+/+ mice, SREBP1c-/- mice showed glucose intolerance with low insulin levels. Moreover, β-cells from SREBP1c-/- mice exhibited reduced capacity to proliferate and secrete insulin. Conversely, transplantation of SREBP1c-overexpressing islets restored insulin levels and relieved hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic animals. Collectively, these data suggest that pancreatic SREBP1c is a key player in mediating β-cell compensatory responses in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gung Lee
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Adipose Tissue Remodeling, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hagoon Jang
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Adipose Tissue Remodeling, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ye Young Kim
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Adipose Tissue Remodeling, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Sik Choe
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Adipose Tissue Remodeling, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinuk Kong
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Adipose Tissue Remodeling, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Injae Hwang
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Adipose Tissue Remodeling, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeu Park
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Adipose Tissue Remodeling, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Soon Im
- Department of Physiology and Medical Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Bum Kim
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Adipose Tissue Remodeling, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors in the Development of NAFLD. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1061:45-53. [PMID: 29956205 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-8684-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines are chemo-attractants for leukocyte trafficking, growth, and activation in injured and inflammatory tissues. The chemokine system is comprised of 50 chemokine ligands and 20 cognate chemokine receptors. In the context of liver diseases, leukocytes, hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells are capable of producing chemokines. Chemokine receptors are typically expressed in various leukocyte subsets. Given that inflammation is a critical factor for the transition from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and fibrosis, the chemokine system may play a prominent role in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Indeed, accumulating evidence shows elevated expression of chemokines and their receptors in the livers of obese patients with advanced steatosis and NASH. This chapter will discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms and the therapeutic potential of the chemokine systems in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Among chemokines, we will highlight CCL2, CCL5, CXCL8-10, CX3CL1, and CXCL16 as pivotal mediators in the development of steatosis, NASH, and fibrosis.
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