1
|
Haratipour Z, Foutch D, Blind RD. A novel heuristic of rigid docking scores positively correlates with full-length nuclear receptor LRH-1 regulation. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:3065-3080. [PMID: 39185441 PMCID: PMC11342790 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptor Liver Receptor Homolog-1 (LRH-1, NR5A2) is a ligand-regulated transcription factor and validated drug target for several human diseases. LRH-1 activation is regulated by small molecule ligands, which bind to the ligand binding domain (LBD) within the full-length LRH-1. We recently identified 57 compounds that bind LRH-1, and unexpectedly found these compounds regulated either the isolated LBD, or the full-length LRH-1 in cells, with little overlap. Here, we correlated compound binding energy from a single rigid-body scoring function with full-length LRH-1 activity in cells. Although docking scores of the 57 hit compounds did not correlate with LRH-1 regulation in wet lab assays, a subset of the compounds had large differences in binding energy docked to the isolated LBD vs. full-length LRH-1, which we used to empirically derive a new metric of the docking scores we call "ΔΔG". Initial regressions, correlations and contingency analyses all suggest compounds with high ΔΔG values more frequently regulated LRH-1 in wet lab assays. We then docked all 57 compounds to 18 separate crystal structures of LRH-1 to obtain averaged ΔΔG values for each compound, which robustly and reproducibly associated with full-length LRH-1 activity in cells. Network analyses on the 18 crystal structures of LRH-1 suggest unique communication paths exist between the subsets of LRH-1 crystal structures that produced high vs. low ΔΔG values, identifying a structural relationship between ΔΔG and the position of Helix 6, a previously established regulatory helix important for LRH-1 regulation. Together, these data suggest rigid-body computational docking can be used to quickly calculate ΔΔG, which positively correlated with the ability of these 57 hit compounds to regulate full-length LRH-1 in cell-based assays. We propose ΔΔG as a novel computational tool that can be applied to LRH-1 drug screens to prioritize compounds for resource-intense secondary screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Haratipour
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Austin Peay State University, Department of Chemistry
| | - David Foutch
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Raymond D. Blind
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Departments of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pawar HD, Patil Y, Patil A, Nakhate KT, Agrawal YO, Suchal K, Ojha S, Goyal SN. Cardioprotective effect of CB1 receptor antagonist AM251 against β receptor-stimulated myocardial infarction via modulation of NF-kB signaling pathway in diabetic mice. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35138. [PMID: 39161822 PMCID: PMC11332847 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
We substantiated the effect of AM251, a cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB1R) antagonist, against β-receptor stimulated myocardial infarction (MI) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice via modulation- of the NF-kB signaling pathway. The different parameters were assessed such as ECG, hemodynamic, cardiac injury markers, oxidative stress parameters, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and histopathological abnormalities. Mice were fed a high-fat diet for 30 days. On day 7, to trigger diabetes, 150 mg/kg of STZ was injected intraperitoneally. On day 10, to determine whether diabetes developed, the blood level of glucose was monitored. From days 11-30, diabetic mice were injected with either CB1R agonist oleamide or antagonist AM251 or both, with concurrent administrations of β-agonist isoproterenol on days 28 and 29 to induce MI. In comparison to normal, the myocardial infarcted diabetic animals demonstrated alterations in ECG, hemodynamic profiles, and diminished enzymatic activities (CK-MB, LDH, SOD, GSH, catalase), with concurrently increased MDA levels, which indicated increased oxidative stress in the myocardium. Additionally, higher concentrations of cytokines that signal myocardial inflammation, such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, were also noted. Furthermore, elevated myonecrosis, edema, and cell infiltration which is confirmed by histopathology of heart tissue. Treatment with AM251 significantly ameliorated myocardial redox status, reduced cytokines, and repaired enzymatic activities leading to subsequent recovery in cardiac function. AM251 effectively suppressed myonecrosis and edema. This study also showed that AM251 protects against myocardial inflammation and oxidative stress triggered by isoproterenol by blocking NF-kB signalling pathway. However, upregulation of the CB1R through oleamide showed significant cardiac toxicity. Conversely, the concurrent administration of oleamide and AM251 failed to induce cardiotoxic effects in isoproterenol-induced MI in diabetic mice which indicates downregulation of the CB1R might be associated with the cardioprotective effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harshal D. Pawar
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule, 424001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Yugandhara Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, 425405, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashwani Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, 411018, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kartik T. Nakhate
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule, 424001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Yogeeta O. Agrawal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule, 424001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kapil Suchal
- VMI, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sameer N. Goyal
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule, 424001, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hong Y, Feng J, Dou Z, Sun X, Hu Y, Chen Z, Liu L, Xu H, Du M, Tang P, Liu X, Zhang Y. Berberine as a novel ACSL4 inhibitor to suppress endothelial ferroptosis and atherosclerosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117081. [PMID: 38971008 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The discovery of an inhibitor for acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4), a protein involved in the process of cell injury through ferroptosis, has the potential to ameliorate cell damage. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential of berberine (BBR) as an inhibitor of ACSL4 in order to suppress endothelial ferroptosis and provide protection against atherosclerosis. An atherosclerosis model was created in ApoE-/- mice by feeding a high fat diet for 16 weeks. Additionally, a mouse model with endothelium-specific overexpression of ACSL4 was established. BBR was administered orally to assess its potential therapeutic effects on atherosclerosis. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to simulate atherosclerotic endothelial damage in vitro. The interaction between ACSL4 and BBR has been confirmed, with BBR playing a role in inhibiting erastin-induced ferroptosis by regulating ACSL4. Additionally, BBR has been found to inhibit lipid deposition, plaque formation, and collagen deposition in the aorta, thereby delaying the progression of atherosclerosis. It also restored the abnormal expression of ferroptosis-related proteins in atherosclerotic vascular endothelial cells both in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, BBR, acting as an ACSL4 inhibitor, can improve atherosclerosis by inhibiting ferroptosis in endothelial cells. This highlights the potential of targeted inhibition of vascular endothelial ACSL4 as a strategy for treating atherosclerosis, with BBR being a candidate for this purpose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Labratoray -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Labratoray -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zijia Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Labratoray -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuxiu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Labratoray -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yingying Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Labratoray -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zhouxiu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Labratoray -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Ling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Labratoray -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Henghui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Labratoray -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Menghan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Labratoray -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Pingping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Labratoray -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Labratoray -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; State Key Labratoray -Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, and Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin, China; Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone (2019RU070), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kiskin FN, Yang Y, Yang H, Zhang JZ. Cracking the code of the cardiovascular enigma: hPSC-derived endothelial cells unveil the secrets of endothelial dysfunction. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 192:65-78. [PMID: 38761989 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a central contributor to the development of most cardiovascular diseases and is characterised by the reduced synthesis or bioavailability of the vasodilator nitric oxide together with other abnormalities such as inflammation, senescence, and oxidative stress. The use of patient-specific and genome-edited human pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells (hPSC-ECs) has shed novel insights into the role of endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases with strong genetic components such as genetic cardiomyopathies and pulmonary arterial hypertension. However, their utility in studying complex multifactorial diseases such as atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome and heart failure poses notable challenges. In this review, we provide an overview of the different methods used to generate and characterise hPSC-ECs before comprehensively assessing their effectiveness in cardiovascular disease modelling and high-throughput drug screening. Furthermore, we explore current obstacles that will need to be overcome to unleash the full potential of hPSC-ECs in facilitating patient-specific precision medicine. Addressing these challenges holds great promise in advancing our understanding of intricate cardiovascular diseases and in tailoring personalised therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fedir N Kiskin
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China.
| | - Yuan Yang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China.
| | - Hao Yang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China.
| | - Joe Z Zhang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Juguilon C, Wu JC. The role of the International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) guidelines in disease modeling. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050947. [PMID: 38973350 PMCID: PMC11261629 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Human stem cell-based modeling systems are valuable tools that can greatly improve the clinical translation of basic research. Importantly, the successful application of human stem cell-based models to biomedical research depends on the widespread adoption of ethical principles and practical standards. To achieve this outcome, the International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) provides a comprehensive set of recommendations that aim to promote the ethical usage of human stem cells and to ensure rigor and reproducibility within the field. Understanding and implementing these recommendations should be a top priority for investigators around the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cody Juguilon
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiovascular Medicine), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joseph C. Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiovascular Medicine), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Echeverria-Villalobos M, Guevara Y, Mitchell J, Ryskamp D, Conner J, Bush M, Periel L, Uribe A, Weaver TE. Potential perioperative cardiovascular outcomes in cannabis/cannabinoid users. A call for caution. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1343549. [PMID: 38978789 PMCID: PMC11228818 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1343549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cannabis is one of the most widely used psychoactive substances. Its components act through several pathways, producing a myriad of side effects, of which cardiovascular events are the most life-threatening. However, only a limited number of studies address cannabis's perioperative impact on patients during noncardiac surgery. Methods Studies were identified by searching the PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases using relevant keyword combinations pertinent to the topic. Results Current evidence shows that cannabis use may cause several cardiovascular events, including abnormalities in cardiac rhythm, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cerebrovascular events. Additionally, cannabis interacts with anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents, decreasing their efficacy. Finally, the interplay of cannabis with inhalational and intravenous anesthetic agents may lead to adverse perioperative cardiovascular outcomes. Conclusions The use of cannabis can trigger cardiovascular events that may depend on factors such as the duration of consumption, the route of administration of the drug, and the dose consumed, which places these patients at risk of drug-drug interactions with anesthetic agents. However, large prospective randomized clinical trials are needed to further elucidate gaps in the body of knowledge regarding which patient population has a greater risk of perioperative complications after cannabis consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yosira Guevara
- Department of Anesthesiology, St Elizabeth’s Medical Center, Brighton, MA, United States
| | - Justin Mitchell
- Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - David Ryskamp
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Joshua Conner
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Margo Bush
- University of Toledo, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Luis Periel
- Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York, NW, United States
| | - Alberto Uribe
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Tristan E. Weaver
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Johnson EC, Austin-Zimmerman I, Thorpe HHA, Levey DF, Baranger DAA, Colbert SMC, Demontis D, Khokhar JY, Davis LK, Edenberg HJ, Di Forti M, Sanchez-Roige S, Gelernter J, Agrawal A. Cross-ancestry genetic investigation of schizophrenia, cannabis use disorder, and tobacco smoking. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024:10.1038/s41386-024-01886-3. [PMID: 38906991 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01886-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Individuals with schizophrenia frequently experience co-occurring substance use, including tobacco smoking and heavy cannabis use, and substance use disorders. There is interest in understanding the extent to which these relationships are causal, and to what extent shared genetic factors play a role. We explored the relationships between schizophrenia (Scz; European ancestry N = 161,405; African ancestry N = 15,846), cannabis use disorder (CanUD; European ancestry N = 886,025; African ancestry N = 120,208), and ever-regular tobacco smoking (Smk; European ancestry N = 805,431; African ancestry N = 24,278) using the largest available genome-wide studies of these phenotypes in individuals of African and European ancestries. All three phenotypes were positively genetically correlated (rgs = 0.17-0.62). Genetic instrumental variable analyses suggested the presence of shared heritable factors, but evidence for bidirectional causal relationships was also found between all three phenotypes even after correcting for these shared genetic factors. We identified 327 pleiotropic loci with 439 lead SNPs in the European ancestry data, 150 of which were novel (i.e., not genome-wide significant in the original studies). Of these pleiotropic loci, 202 had lead variants which showed convergent effects (i.e., same direction of effect) on Scz, CanUD, and Smk. Genetic variants convergent across all three phenotypes showed strong genetic correlations with risk-taking, executive function, and several mental health conditions. Our results suggest that both shared genetic factors and causal mechanisms may play a role in the relationship between CanUD, Smk, and Scz, but longitudinal, prospective studies are needed to confirm a causal relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma C Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Isabelle Austin-Zimmerman
- Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hayley H A Thorpe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel F Levey
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - David A A Baranger
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sarah M C Colbert
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ditte Demontis
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jibran Y Khokhar
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Lea K Davis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Howard J Edenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Marta Di Forti
- Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sandra Sanchez-Roige
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shen S, Wu C, Lin G, Yang X, Zhou Y, Zhao C, Miao Z, Tian X, Wang K, Yang Z, Liu Z, Guo N, Li Y, Xia A, Zhou P, Liu J, Yan W, Ke B, Yang S, Shao Z. Structure-based identification of a G protein-biased allosteric modulator of cannabinoid receptor CB1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2321532121. [PMID: 38830102 PMCID: PMC11181136 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2321532121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cannabis sativa is known for its therapeutic benefit in various diseases including pain relief by targeting cannabinoid receptors. The primary component of cannabis, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and other agonists engage the orthosteric site of CB1, activating both Gi and β-arrestin signaling pathways. The activation of diverse pathways could result in on-target side effects and cannabis addiction, which may hinder therapeutic potential. A significant challenge in pharmacology is the design of a ligand that can modulate specific signaling of CB1. By leveraging insights from the structure-function selectivity relationship (SFSR), we have identified Gi signaling-biased agonist-allosteric modulators (ago-BAMs). Further, two cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures reveal the binding mode of ago-BAM at the extrahelical allosteric site of CB1. Combining mutagenesis and pharmacological studies, we elucidated the detailed mechanism of ago-BAM-mediated biased signaling. Notably, ago-BAM CB-05 demonstrated analgesic efficacy with fewer side effects, minimal drug toxicity and no cannabis addiction in mouse pain models. In summary, our finding not only suggests that ago-BAMs of CB1 provide a potential nonopioid strategy for pain management but also sheds light on BAM identification for GPCRs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Shen
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
- Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu610212, Sichuan, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Guifeng Lin
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yangli Zhou
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Chang Zhao
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhuang Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaowen Tian
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiqian Yang
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Nihong Guo
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yueshan Li
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Anjie Xia
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Pei Zhou
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingming Liu
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Bowen Ke
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
- Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu610212, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenhua Shao
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu610041, Sichuan, China
- Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu610212, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Solanki AJ, Kamrava M, Posadas EM, Freedland SJ, Ballas L, Sandler HM, Bairey Merz CN, Atkins KM, Nikolova AP. A practical guide for assessing and managing cardiovascular risk during androgen-deprivation therapy in patients with prostate cancer. Cancer 2024; 130:1916-1929. [PMID: 38529566 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy among men worldwide, and androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is a mainstay of treatment. There are observational data demonstrating an increased risk of cardiovascular events in patients who receive ADT, particularly those who have an elevated baseline cardiovascular risk. Because, for most patients with prostate cancer, death is predominantly from noncancer-related causes, cardiovascular disease and its risk factors should be optimized during cancer treatment. This review provides an overview of the landscape of ADT treatment and serves as a guide for appropriate cardiovascular screening and risk-mitigation strategies. The authors emphasize the importance of shared communication between the multidisciplinary cancer team and primary care to improve baseline cardiovascular screening and treatment of modifiable risk factors within this higher risk population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aum J Solanki
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mitchell Kamrava
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Edwin M Posadas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stephen J Freedland
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Leslie Ballas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Howard M Sandler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - C Noel Bairey Merz
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Katelyn M Atkins
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Andriana P Nikolova
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cooper B, Yang R, Campbell KB. Indole Alkaloid Production by the Halo Blight Bacterium Treated with the Phytoalexin Genistein. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:1196-1205. [PMID: 38281161 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-11-23-0445-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
When Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola, the bacterium that causes halo blight, induces hypersensitive immunity in common bean leaves, salicylic acid and phytoalexins accumulate at the site of infection. Both salicylic acid and the phytoalexin resveratrol exert antibiotic activities and toxicities in vitro, adversely disrupting the P. savastanoi pv. phaseolicola proteome and metabolism and stalling replication and motility. These efficacious properties likely contribute to the cessation of bacterial spread in beans. Genistein is an isoflavonoid phytoalexin that also accumulates during bean immunity, so we tested its antibiotic potential in vitro. Quantitative proteomics revealed that genistein did not induce proteomic changes in P. savastanoi pv. phaseolicola in the same way that salicylic acid or resveratrol did. Rather, a dioxygenase that could function to metabolize genistein was among the most highly induced enzymes. Indeed, high-throughput metabolomics provided direct evidence for genistein catabolism. Metabolomics also revealed that genistein induced the bacterium to produce indole compounds, several of which had structural similarity to auxin. Additional mass spectrometry analyses proved that the bacterium produced an isomer of the auxin indole-3-acetic acid but not indole-3-acetic acid proper. These results reveal that P. savastanoi pv. phaseolicola can tolerate bean genistein and that the bacterium likely responds to bean-produced genistein during infection, using it as a signal to increase pathogenicity, possibly by altering host cell physiology or metabolism through the production of potential auxin mimics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bret Cooper
- Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705
| | - Ronghui Yang
- Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705
| | - Kimberly B Campbell
- Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yin Y, Xu J, Ilyas I, Xu S. Bioactive Flavonoids in Protecting Against Endothelial Dysfunction and Atherosclerosis. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38755351 DOI: 10.1007/164_2024_715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a common cardiovascular disease closely associated with factors such as hyperlipidaemia and chronic inflammation. Among them, endothelial dysfunction serves as a major predisposing factor. Vascular endothelial dysfunction is manifested by impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation, enhanced oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, leukocyte adhesion and hyperpermeability, endothelial senescence, and endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT). Flavonoids are known for their antioxidant activity, eliminating oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby preventing the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, reducing platelet aggregation, alleviating ischemic damage, and improving vascular function. Flavonoids have also been shown to possess anti-inflammatory activity and to protect the cardiovascular system. This review focuses on the protective effects of these naturally-occuring bioactive flavonoids against the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis through their effects on endothelial cells including, but not limited to, their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, and lipid-lowering properties. However, more clinical evidences are still needed to determine the exact role and optimal dosage of these compounds in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Iqra Ilyas
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Labani N, Gbahou F, Lian S, Liu J, Jockers R. 2023 Julius Axelrod Symposium: Plant-Derived Molecules Acting on G Protein-Coupled Receptors. Mol Pharmacol 2024; 105:328-347. [PMID: 38458772 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.123.000854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant extracts have played a significant role in traditional medicine for centuries, contributing to improved health and the treatment of various human illnesses. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are crucial in numerous physiologic functions, and there is growing evidence suggesting their involvement in the therapeutic effects of many plant extracts. In recent years, scientists have identified an expanding number of isolated molecules responsible for the biologic activity of these extracts, with many believed to act on GPCRs. This article critically reviews the evidence supporting the modulation of GPCR function by these plant-derived molecules through direct binding. Structural information is now available for some of these molecules, allowing for a comparison of their binding mode with that of endogenous GPCR ligands. The final section explores future trends and challenges, focusing on the identification of new plant-derived molecules with both orthosteric and allosteric binding modes, as well as innovative strategies for designing GPCR ligands inspired by these plant-derived compounds. In conclusion, plant-derived molecules are anticipated to play an increasingly vital role as therapeutic drugs and serve as templates for drug design. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This minireview summarizes the most pertinent publications on isolated plant-derived molecules interacting with G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and comments on available structural information on GPCR/plant-derived ligand pairs. Future challenges and trends for the isolation and characterization of plant-derived molecules and drug design are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nedjma Labani
- Cellular Signaling Laboratory, International Research Center for Sensory Biology and Technology of MOST, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (N.L., J.L.) and Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014 PARIS, France (N.L., F.G., S.L., R.J.)
| | - Florence Gbahou
- Cellular Signaling Laboratory, International Research Center for Sensory Biology and Technology of MOST, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (N.L., J.L.) and Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014 PARIS, France (N.L., F.G., S.L., R.J.)
| | - Shuangyu Lian
- Cellular Signaling Laboratory, International Research Center for Sensory Biology and Technology of MOST, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (N.L., J.L.) and Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014 PARIS, France (N.L., F.G., S.L., R.J.)
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Cellular Signaling Laboratory, International Research Center for Sensory Biology and Technology of MOST, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (N.L., J.L.) and Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014 PARIS, France (N.L., F.G., S.L., R.J.)
| | - Ralf Jockers
- Cellular Signaling Laboratory, International Research Center for Sensory Biology and Technology of MOST, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (N.L., J.L.) and Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014 PARIS, France (N.L., F.G., S.L., R.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Igwe JK, Alaribe U. Cannabis use associated with lower mortality among hospitalized Covid-19 patients using the national inpatient sample: an epidemiological study. J Cannabis Res 2024; 6:18. [PMID: 38582889 PMCID: PMC10998318 DOI: 10.1186/s42238-024-00228-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior reports indicate that modulation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) may have a protective benefit for Covid-19 patients. However, associations between cannabis use (CU) or CU not in remission (active cannabis use (ACU)), and Covid-19-related outcomes among hospitalized patients is unknown. METHODS In this multicenter retrospective observational cohort analysis of adults (≥ 18 years-old) identified from 2020 National Inpatient Sample database, we utilize multivariable regression analyses and propensity score matching analysis (PSM) to analyze trends and outcomes among Covid-19-related hospitalizations with CU and without CU (N-CU) for primary outcome of interest: Covid-19-related mortality; and secondary outcomes: Covid-19-related hospitalization, mechanical ventilation (MV), and acute pulmonary embolism (PE) compared to all-cause admissions; for CU vs N-CU; and for ACU vs N-ACU. RESULTS There were 1,698,560 Covid-19-related hospitalizations which were associated with higher mortality (13.44% vs 2.53%, p ≤ 0.001) and worse secondary outcomes generally. Among all-cause hospitalizations, 1.56% of CU and 6.29% of N-CU were hospitalized with Covid-19 (p ≤ 0.001). ACU was associated with lower odds of MV, PE, and death among the Covid-19 population. On PSM, ACU(N(unweighted) = 2,382) was associated with 83.97% lower odds of death compared to others(N(unweighted) = 282,085) (2.77% vs 3.95%, respectively; aOR:0.16, [0.10-0.25], p ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the ECS may represent a viable target for modulation of Covid-19. Additional studies are needed to further explore these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph-Kevin Igwe
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Ugo Alaribe
- Caribbean Medical University School of Medicine, 5600 N River Rd Suite 800, Rosemont, IL, 60018, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhao Y, Chen C, Xiao X, Fang L, Cheng X, Chang Y, Peng F, Wang J, Shen S, Wu S, Huang Y, Cai W, Zhou L, Qiu W. Teriflunomide Promotes Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity by Upregulating Claudin-1 via the Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway in Multiple Sclerosis. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1936-1952. [PMID: 37819429 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03655-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) and tight junction (TJ) proteins maintain the homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS). The dysfunction of BBB allows peripheral T cells infiltration into CNS and contributes to the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS). Teriflunomide is an approved drug for the treatment of MS by suppressing lymphocytes proliferation. However, whether teriflunomide has a protective effect on BBB in MS is not understood. We found that teriflunomide restored the injured BBB in the EAE model. Furthermore, teriflunomide treatment over 6 months improved BBB permeability and reduced peripheral leakage of CNS proteins in MS patients. Teriflunomide increased human brain microvascular endothelial cell (HBMEC) viability and promoted BBB integrity in an in vitro cell model. The TJ protein claudin-1 was upregulated by teriflunomide and responsible for the protective effect on BBB. Furthermore, RNA sequencing revealed that the Wnt signaling pathway was affected by teriflunomide. The activation of Wnt signaling pathway increased claudin-1 expression and reduced BBB damage in cell model and EAE rats. Our study demonstrated that teriflunomide upregulated the expression of the tight junction protein claudin-1 in endothelial cells and promoted the integrity of BBB through Wnt signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- The Center of Mental and Neurological Disorders Study, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Xiuqing Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Ling Fang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Yanyu Chang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Fuhua Peng
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Jingqi Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Shishi Shen
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Shilin Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Yiying Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- The Center of Mental and Neurological Disorders Study, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Linli Zhou
- The Center of Mental and Neurological Disorders Study, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
- The Center of Mental and Neurological Disorders Study, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Livne O, Budney A, Borodovsky J, Shmulewitz D, Walsh C, Struble CA, Habib M, Aharonovich E, Hasin DS. Age differences in patterns of cannabis use among an online US sample of adults who consume cannabis frequently. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2024; 50:242-251. [PMID: 38640463 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2024.2309340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Background: Cannabis use is increasing among middle-aged and older US adults, populations that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of cannabis. Risks for adverse effects differ by cannabis use patterns, which have become increasingly heterogeneous. Nevertheless, little is known about age differences in such patterns.Objective: To investigate age differences in cannabis use patterns, comparing younger (age 18-49), middle-aged (age 50-64), and older adults (age ≥65).Methods: A total of 4,151 US adults with past 7-day cannabis consumption completed an online survey (35.1% male; 60.1% female; 4.8% identified as "other"). Regression models examined age differences in cannabis use patterns.Results: Compared to younger adults, middle-aged and older adults were more likely to consume cannabis during evening hours (50-64: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.98, 95% CI 2.24-3.96; ≥65: aOR = 4.23, 95 CI 2.82-6.35); by only one method (50-64: aOR = 1.67, 95% CI 1.34-2.09; ≥65: aOR = 3.38, 95 CI 2.24-5.09); primarily by smoking as the only method (50-64: aOR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.29-1.78; ≥65: aOR = 2.12, 95 CI 1.64-2.74); but less likely to consume concentrated cannabis products (concentrates) with extremely high %THC (50-64: aOR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.54-0.93; ≥65: aOR = 0.30, 95 CI 0.16-0.55). Age differences in cannabis use patterns were also observed between middle-aged and older adults.Conclusion: Findings suggest that middle-aged and older adults may engage in less risky cannabis use patterns compared to younger groups (e.g. lower likelihood of consuming highly potent concentrates). However, findings also underscore the importance of recognizing risks unique to these older demographics, such as smoking-related health events. Consequently, prevention strategies targeting such use patterns are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ofir Livne
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alan Budney
- Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Data Sciences, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, One Medical Center Drive, Hanover, NH, Lebanon
| | - Jacob Borodovsky
- Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Data Sciences, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, One Medical Center Drive, Hanover, NH, Lebanon
| | - Dvora Shmulewitz
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Claire Walsh
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cara A Struble
- Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Data Sciences, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, One Medical Center Drive, Hanover, NH, Lebanon
| | - Mohammad Habib
- Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Data Sciences, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, One Medical Center Drive, Hanover, NH, Lebanon
| | - Efrat Aharonovich
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deborah S Hasin
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jo-Watanabe A, Inaba T, Osada T, Hashimoto R, Nishizawa T, Okuno T, Ihara S, Touhara K, Hattori N, Oh-Hora M, Nureki O, Yokomizo T. Bicarbonate signalling via G protein-coupled receptor regulates ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1530. [PMID: 38413581 PMCID: PMC10899177 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45579-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Homoeostatic regulation of the acid-base balance is essential for cellular functional integrity. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism through which the acid-base balance regulates cellular responses. Here, we report that bicarbonate ions activate a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), i.e., GPR30, which leads to Gq-coupled calcium responses. Gpr30-Venus knock-in mice reveal predominant expression of GPR30 in brain mural cells. Primary culture and fresh isolation of brain mural cells demonstrate bicarbonate-induced, GPR30-dependent calcium responses. GPR30-deficient male mice are protected against ischemia-reperfusion injury by a rapid blood flow recovery. Collectively, we identify a bicarbonate-sensing GPCR in brain mural cells that regulates blood flow and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Our results provide a perspective on the modulation of GPR30 signalling in the development of innovative therapies for ischaemic stroke. Moreover, our findings provide perspectives on acid/base sensing GPCRs, concomitantly modulating cellular responses depending on fluctuating ion concentrations under the acid-base homoeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Airi Jo-Watanabe
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
- AMED-PRIME, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan.
| | - Toshiki Inaba
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Takahiro Osada
- Department of Neurophysiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ryota Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Biomedical Research Core Facilities, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nishizawa
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Okuno
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Sayoko Ihara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kazushige Touhara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Neurodegenerative Disorders Collaborative Laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Oh-Hora
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Biomedical Research Core Facilities, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Osamu Nureki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokomizo
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen P, Wang Y, Chen F, Zhou B. Epigenetics in obesity: Mechanisms and advances in therapies based on natural products. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2024; 12:e1171. [PMID: 38293783 PMCID: PMC10828914 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.1171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality because it has a close relationship to metabolic illnesses, such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and some types of cancer. With no drugs available, the mainstay of obesity management remains lifestyle changes with exercise and dietary modifications. In light of the tremendous disease burden and unmet therapeutics, fresh perspectives on pathophysiology and drug discovery are needed. The development of epigenetics provides a compelling justification for how environmental, lifestyle, and other risk factors contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity. Furthermore, epigenetic dysregulations can be restored, and it has been reported that certain natural products obtained from plants, such as tea polyphenols, ellagic acid, urolithins, curcumin, genistein, isothiocyanates, and citrus isoflavonoids, were shown to inhibit weight gain. These substances have great antioxidant potential and are of great interest because they can also modify epigenetic mechanisms. Therefore, understanding epigenetic modifications to target the primary cause of obesity and the epigenetic mechanisms of anti-obesity effects with certain phytochemicals can prove rational strategies to prevent the disease and develop novel therapeutic interventions. Thus, the current review aimed to summarize the epigenetic mechanisms and advances in therapies for obesity based on natural products to provide evidence for the development of several potential anti-obesity drug targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Department of PharmacyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiP.R. China
| | - Yulai Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huangshi Central HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic UniversityHuangshiHubeiP.R. China
| | - Fuchao Chen
- Sinopharm Dongfeng General HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyanHubeiP.R. China
| | - Benhong Zhou
- Department of PharmacyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiP.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chandy M, Nishiga M, Wei TT, Hamburg NM, Nadeau K, Wu JC. Adverse Impact of Cannabis on Human Health. Annu Rev Med 2024; 75:353-367. [PMID: 37582489 PMCID: PMC10947506 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-052422-020627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Cannabis, the most commonly used recreational drug, is illicit in many areas of the world. With increasing decriminalization and legalization, cannabis use is increasing in the United States and other countries. The adverse effects of cannabis are unclear because its status as a Schedule 1 drug in the United States restricts research. Despite a paucity of data, cannabis is commonly perceived as a benign or even beneficial drug. However, recent studies show that cannabis has adverse cardiovascular and pulmonary effects and is linked with malignancy. Moreover, case reports have shown an association between cannabis use and neuropsychiatric disorders. With growing availability, cannabis misuse by minors has led to increasing incidences of overdose and toxicity. Though difficult to detect, cannabis intoxication may be linked to impaired driving and motor vehicle accidents. Overall, cannabis use is on the rise, and adverse effects are becoming apparent in clinical data sets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Chandy
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada;
| | - Masataka Nishiga
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Tzu-Tang Wei
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Naomi M Hamburg
- Boston Medical Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine and Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kari Nadeau
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Johnson EC, Austin-Zimmerman I, Thorpe HH, Levey DF, Baranger DA, Colbert SM, Demontis D, Khokhar JY, Davis LK, Edenberg HJ, Forti MD, Sanchez-Roige S, Gelernter J, Agrawal A. Cross-ancestry genetic investigation of schizophrenia, cannabis use disorder, and tobacco smoking. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.01.17.24301430. [PMID: 38293235 PMCID: PMC10827265 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.17.24301430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Individuals with schizophrenia frequently experience co-occurring substance use, including tobacco smoking and heavy cannabis use, and substance use disorders. There is interest in understanding the extent to which these relationships are causal, and to what extent shared genetic factors play a role. We explored the relationships between schizophrenia (Scz), cannabis use disorder (CanUD), and ever-regular tobacco smoking (Smk) using the largest available genome-wide studies of these phenotypes in individuals of African and European ancestries. All three phenotypes were positively genetically correlated (rgs = 0.17 - 0.62). Causal inference analyses suggested the presence of horizontal pleiotropy, but evidence for bidirectional causal relationships was also found between all three phenotypes even after correcting for horizontal pleiotropy. We identified 439 pleiotropic loci in the European ancestry data, 150 of which were novel (i.e., not genome-wide significant in the original studies). Of these pleiotropic loci, 202 had lead variants which showed convergent effects (i.e., same direction of effect) on Scz, CanUD, and Smk. Genetic variants convergent across all three phenotypes showed strong genetic correlations with risk-taking, executive function, and several mental health conditions. Our results suggest that both horizontal pleiotropy and causal mechanisms may play a role in the relationship between CanUD, Smk, and Scz, but longitudinal, prospective studies are needed to confirm a causal relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma C Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Isabelle Austin-Zimmerman
- Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hayley Ha Thorpe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel F Levey
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - David Aa Baranger
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in Saint Louis, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Sarah Mc Colbert
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Ditte Demontis
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jibran Y Khokhar
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Lea K Davis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Howard J Edenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Marta Di Forti
- Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sandra Sanchez-Roige
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ye IB, Hines GL. Marijuana and Vascular Disease: A Review. Cardiol Rev 2024:00045415-990000000-00185. [PMID: 38189379 DOI: 10.1097/crd.0000000000000649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Marijuana use is common and increasing due to decriminalization, legalization, and expansion of medical use. As a result, the proportion of vascular patients with marijuana is also expected to increase, raising questions if cannabis use affects the incidence and outcomes of vascular disease. Active ingredients of cannabis have been shown to interact with receptors found on vascular endothelium, promoting oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. However, current clinical studies have yet to demonstrate a relationship between marijuana use and atherosclerosis. Nonetheless, cannabis arteritis is a rare condition where cannabis is hypothesized to induce vascular inflammation. Future research with high-quality studies is needed to clarify the impact of marijuana use on vascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan B Ye
- From the Division of Vascular Surgery, NYU Langone Hospital-Long Island, Mineola, NY
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bahji A, Hathaway J, Adams D, Crockford D, Edelman EJ, Stein MD, Patten SB. Cannabis use disorder and adverse cardiovascular outcomes: A population-based retrospective cohort analysis of adults from Alberta, Canada. Addiction 2024; 119:137-148. [PMID: 37766508 DOI: 10.1111/add.16337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM To measure the association between cannabis use disorder (CUD) and adverse cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes. DESIGN AND SETTING We conducted a matched, population-based retrospective cohort study involving five linked administrative health databases from Alberta, Canada. PARTICIPANTS We identified participants with CUD diagnosis codes and matched them to participants without CUD codes by gender, year of birth and time of presentation to the health system. We included 29 764 pairs (n = 59 528 individuals in total). MEASUREMENTS CVD events were defined by at least one incident diagnostic code within the study period (1 January 2012-31 December 2019). Covariates included comorbidity, socio-economic status, prescription medication use and health service use. Using mortality-censored Poisson regression models, we computed survival analyses for time to incident CVD stratified by CUD status. In addition, we calculated crude and stratified risk ratios (RRs) across various covariates using the Mantel-Haenszel technique. FINDINGS The overall prevalence of documented CUD was 0.8%. Approximately 2.4% and 1.5% of participants in the CUD and unexposed groups experienced an incident adverse CVD event (RR = 1.57; 95% confidence interval = 1.40-1.77). CUD was significantly associated with reduced time to incident CVD event. Individuals who appeared to have greater RRs for incident CVD were those without mental health comorbidity, who had not used health-care services in the previous 6 months, who were not on prescription medications and who did not have comorbid conditions. CONCLUSIONS Canadian adults with cannabis use disorder appear to have an approximately 60% higher risk of experiencing incident adverse cardiovascular disease events than those without cannabis use disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anees Bahji
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Josh Hathaway
- Canadian Research Initiative in Substance (CRISM)-Alberta Health Services (AHS) Advances of Analytics in Substance Use, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Denise Adams
- Canadian Research Initiative in Substance (CRISM)-Alberta Health Services (AHS) Advances of Analytics in Substance Use, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - David Crockford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - E Jennifer Edelman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Michael D Stein
- Behavioural Medicine and Addictions Research Department, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Scott B Patten
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rorabaugh BR, Guindon J, Morgan DJ. Role of Cannabinoid Signaling in Cardiovascular Function and Ischemic Injury. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 387:265-276. [PMID: 37739804 PMCID: PMC10658922 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease represents a leading cause of death, morbidity, and societal economic burden. The prevalence of cannabis use has significantly increased due to legalization and an increased societal acceptance of cannabis. Therefore, it is critically important that we gain a greater understanding of the effects and risks of cannabinoid use on cardiovascular diseases as well as the potential for cannabinoid-directed drugs to be used as therapeutics for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. This review summarizes our current understanding of the role of cannabinoid receptors in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and myocardial ischemia and explores their use as therapeutic targets in the treatment of ischemic heart disease. Endocannabinoids are elevated in patients with atherosclerosis, and activation of cannabinoid type 1 receptors (CB1Rs) generally leads to an enhancement of plaque formation and atherosclerosis. In contrast, selective activation of cannabinoid type 2 receptors (CB2Rs) appears to exert protective effects against atherosclerosis. Endocannabinoid signaling is also activated by myocardial ischemia. CB2R signaling appears to protect the heart from ischemic injury, whereas the role of CB1R in ischemic injury is less clear. This narrative review serves to summarize current research on the role of cannabinoid signaling in cardiovascular function with the goal of identifying critical knowledge gaps and future studies to address those gaps in a way that facilitates the development of new treatments and better cardiovascular health. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction, are a leading cause of death. Cannabinoid drugs have well known acute effects on cardiovascular function, including tachycardia and orthostatic hypotension. The recent legalization of marijuana and cannabinoids for both medical and recreational use has dramatically increased their prevalence of use. This narrative review on the role of cannabinoid signaling in cardiovascular disease contributes to a better understanding of this topic by integrating current knowledge and identifying critical gaps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boyd R Rorabaugh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (D.J.M.) and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (B.R.R.), Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia; and Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas (J.G.)
| | - Josée Guindon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (D.J.M.) and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (B.R.R.), Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia; and Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas (J.G.)
| | - Daniel J Morgan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (D.J.M.) and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (B.R.R.), Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia; and Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas (J.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bullock TA, Galpayage Dona KNU, Hale JF, Morales P, Jagerovic N, Andrews AM, Ramirez SH. Activation of CB2R by synthetic CB2R agonist, PM289, improves brain endothelial barrier properties, decreases inflammatory response and enhances endothelial repair. NEUROIMMUNE PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS 2023; 2:387-400. [PMID: 38116176 PMCID: PMC10726734 DOI: 10.1515/nipt-2023-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The Cannabinoid 2 Receptor (CB2R) has been found to provide immunological modulation in different cell types. More recently, detection of CB2R in the cerebral endothelium suggests a possible role in the resolution of inflammation at the level of the blood-brain-barrier (BBB). Here, the notion that CB2R upregulation in brain endothelial cells could be exploited to promote vascular protection and BBB integrity was evaluated. Targeting and activation of CB2R was accomplished by a novel and highly specific chromenopyrazole based CB2R agonist, PM289. This study demonstrates that CB2R upregulation is induced as early as 8 h in the cortical vasculature in an experimental mouse model of TBI. Unlike CB2R, CB1R was marginally detected and not significantly induced. In the human brain endothelial cell line, hCMEC/D3 cells, similar induction of CB2R was observed upon stimulation with TNFα. Analysis of transendothelial electrical resistance shows that PM289 markedly prevented the barrier-leakiness induced by TNFα. The BBB is also responsible for maintaining an immunological barrier. The five-fold increase in ICAM1 expression in stimulated endothelial cells was significantly diminished due to CB2R activation. Utilizing wounding assays, results showed that wound repair could be accomplished in nearly half the time when the novel CB2R agonist is present compared to the untreated control. Lastly, mechanistically, the effects of CB2R may be explained by the observed inhibition of the p65 NFκB subunit. Overall, these studies support the notion that targeting and activating CB2R in the brain vasculature could aid in BBB and vascular protection in the context of neuroinflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trent A. Bullock
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Jonathan F. Hale
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paula Morales
- Medicinal Chemistry Institute, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nadine Jagerovic
- Medicinal Chemistry Institute, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - Allison M. Andrews
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Servio H. Ramirez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Shriner’s Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang K, Zhou M, Si H, Ma J. Gut microbiota-mediated IL-22 alleviates metabolic inflammation. Life Sci 2023; 334:122229. [PMID: 37922980 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Low-grade chronic inflammation, also known as metabolic inflammation, promotes the development of metabolic diseases. Increasing evidence suggests that changes in gut microbes and metabolites disrupt the integrity of the gut barrier and exert significant effects on the metabolism of various tissues, including the liver and adipose tissue, thereby contributing to metabolic inflammation. We observed that IL-22 is a key signaling molecule that serves as a bridge between intestinal microbes and the host, effectively alleviating metabolic inflammation by modulating the host immunomodulatory network. Here, we focused on elucidating the underlying mechanisms by which the gut microbiota and their metabolites reduce inflammation via IL-22, highlighting the favorable impact of IL-22 on metabolic inflammation. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of IL-22 as a therapeutic target for the management of metabolic inflammation and related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaijun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China; Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Miao Zhou
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Hongbin Si
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Jie Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Liu S, Liu J, Wu Y, Tan L, Luo Y, Ding C, Tang Z, Shi X, Fan W, Song S. Genistein upregulates AHR to protect against environmental toxin-induced NASH by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and reconstructing antioxidant defense mechanisms. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 121:109436. [PMID: 37666477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
We have previously proven that the environmental toxin could accelerate the development and progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the underlying mechanism associated with such excessive inflammation hasn't been fully illustrated. Although Genistein has been well accepted for its capability in anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation, its effect in ameliorating contaminants-induced NASH still needs to be identified. In this study, using chickens and primary chicken hepatocytes as models, we found that NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome were over-activated in bromoacetic acid (BAA, one of the typical environmental toxins)-induced NASH, characterized by the infiltration of inflammatory cell, and the increase of NLRP3, Caspase-1 p20, and cytokines (IL-1β, IL-18) expressions. Interestingly, genistein treatment could recover these changes, with the signs of restored activities of anti-oxidases, decreased expressions of NLRP3 inflammasome components, and increased levels of elements in phase I metabolic system. The detailed mechanism was that, via up-regulating aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), genistein lifted mRNA levels of Cyp1-related genes to reconstruct cytochrome P450 (CYP450) systems, and the raised AHR negatively regulated NLRP3 inflammasome activity to relieve inflammation. More important, the interaction and co-localization between AHR and NLRP3 was first proved, and genistein could promote the levels of AHR that interacted with NLRP3, which thereafter blocked the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Conclusively, in this research, we confirmed the AHR-dependent protective role of genistein in environmental toxin-linked NASH, which shed light on the potential precautions for contaminants-induced NASH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, China
| | - Jiwen Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, China
| | - Yuting Wu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, China
| | - Lei Tan
- Administration for Market Regulation of Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Supervision for Edible Agricultural Products, Shenzhen Centre of Inspection and Testing for Agricultural Products, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Administration for Market Regulation of Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Supervision for Edible Agricultural Products, Shenzhen Centre of Inspection and Testing for Agricultural Products, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Chenchen Ding
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, China
| | - Zhihui Tang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, China
| | - Xizhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Wentao Fan
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, China.
| | - Suquan Song
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li C, Cui Z, Deng S, Lei T, Chen P, Yang H. Programmed Cell Death Protein 2-like Promotes Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Vascular Endothelial Cells. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1453-1470. [PMID: 37854614 PMCID: PMC10580389 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein 2-like (PDCD2L) is a shuttle protein of the nucleus and cytoplasm and is related to the ribosome biogenesis. However, there are few reports on the relationship between PDCD2L and inflammation, and the exact relationship between PDCD2L and inflammation has not been determined in vascular endothelial cells yet. Accordingly, we focus on exploring the relationship between PDCD2L and inflammation and its potential mechanisms. Our research findings suggested that PDCD2L is a proinflammatory target. The result showed that, by interfering with the expression of PDCD2L, LPS-induced inflammation of vascular endothelial cells can be reduced, such as IL-6 and IL-1β, as well as the adhesion factor ICAM1. Meanwhile, overexpression of PDCD2L can further increase LPS-induced inflammation levels, ICAM1, and ROS production, reduce CAT, GSH/GSSG levels, and increase SOD levels. Therefore, we determined that PDCD2L has a regulatory effect on inflammation and oxidative stress of vascular endothelial cells, and its regulatory mechanism may be related to inflammatory transcription factors STAT1, NF-κB regulation, transport of inflammatory messenger mRNA, and ribosome biogenesis. Then, we screened that andrographolide (Andro) can bind to PDCD2L, thus inhibiting inflammation and endothelial cell adhesion caused by the overexpression of PDCD2L. This study reveals that PDCD2L is a potential anti-inflammatory therapeutic target, providing new exploration for the development of anti-inflammatory drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caifeng Li
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention
and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zhao Cui
- Institute
of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Shiwen Deng
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention
and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Tong Lei
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention
and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Experimental
Research Center, China Academy of Chinese
Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Robot
Intelligent Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Experimental
Research Center & MEGAROBO, China Academy
of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Hunan
Provincial Key Laboratory of Complex Effects Analysis for Chinese
Patent Medicine, Yongzhou, Hunan Province 425199, China
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Beijing
Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention
and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sadri A. Is Target-Based Drug Discovery Efficient? Discovery and "Off-Target" Mechanisms of All Drugs. J Med Chem 2023; 66:12651-12677. [PMID: 37672650 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Target-based drug discovery is the dominant paradigm of drug discovery; however, a comprehensive evaluation of its real-world efficiency is lacking. Here, a manual systematic review of about 32000 articles and patents dating back to 150 years ago demonstrates its apparent inefficiency. Analyzing the origins of all approved drugs reveals that, despite several decades of dominance, only 9.4% of small-molecule drugs have been discovered through "target-based" assays. Moreover, the therapeutic effects of even this minimal share cannot be solely attributed and reduced to their purported targets, as they depend on numerous off-target mechanisms unconsciously incorporated by phenotypic observations. The data suggest that reductionist target-based drug discovery may be a cause of the productivity crisis in drug discovery. An evidence-based approach to enhance efficiency seems to be prioritizing, in selecting and optimizing molecules, higher-level phenotypic observations that are closer to the sought-after therapeutic effects using tools like artificial intelligence and machine learning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Sadri
- Lyceum Scientific Charity, Tehran, Iran, 1415893697
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program (INRP), Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, 1417755331
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, 1417614411
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kuehn BM. Introducing AHA's New President: Joseph C. Wu, MD, PhD, FAHA. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e031618. [PMID: 37489710 PMCID: PMC10492971 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.031618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
|
29
|
Jiang T, Dong Y, Zhu W, Wu T, Chen L, Cao Y, Yu X, Peng Y, Wang L, Xiao Y, Zhong T. Underlying mechanisms and molecular targets of genistein in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and related complications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37497995 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2240886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease caused by a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors and is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. Long-term hyperglycemia can cause macrovascular and microvascular damage, and compromise the heart, brain, kidney, peripheral nerves, eyes and other organs, leading to serious complications. Genistein, a phytoestrogen derived from soybean, is known for its various biological activities and therapeutic properties. Recent studies found that genistein not only has hypoglycemic activity but can also decrease insulin resistance. In addition, genistein has particular activity in the prevention and treatment of diabetic complications, such as nephropathy, cardiovascular disease, osteoarthrosis, encephalopathy and retinopathy. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to summarize the latest medical research and progress of genistein in DM and related complications and highlights its potential molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Meanwhile, evidence is provided for the development and application of genistein as a potential drug or functional food in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its related complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
- School of Pharmacy and Food Science, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuhe Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
| | - Wanying Zhu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
| | - Linyan Chen
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yuantong Cao
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
| | - Xi Yu
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ye Peng
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
| | - Tian Zhong
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wu X, Pan J, Yu JJ, Kang J, Hou S, Cheng M, Xu L, Gong L, Li Y. DiDang decoction improves mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism via the HIF-1 signaling pathway to treat atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 308:116289. [PMID: 36822344 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE DiDang Decoction (DDD) is a traditional classical prescription that has been used to treat atherosclerosis (AS) and hyperlipidemia (HLP) in China. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism of DDD remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To validate the mechanism of DDD in AS and HLP based on network pharmacology and in vitro experiments. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical components of DDD were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) database and literature mining, and the disease targets of AS and HLP were obtained from the Gencards, OMIM, and DisGeNET databases. The intersection genes were imported into the STRING database to construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and the DAVID database was used for gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Combined with the results of KEGG pathway analysis, the HIF-1 signaling pathway was selected for further in vitro experiments. RESULTS The results showed that network pharmacology predicted 112 targets related to DDD treatment of AS and HLP, and the top 10 related pathways are: Lipid and atherosclerosis, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, Chemical carcinogenesis - receptor activation, Pathways in cancer, Proteoglycans in cancer, Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, HIF-1 signaling pathway, Alcoholic liver disease, PPAR signaling pathway, and Coronavirus disease-COVID-19. In vitro experiments showed that DDD effectively reduced lipid accumulation in FFA-treated L02 cells; DDD attenuated mitochondrial damage and reduced ROS content; DDD inhibited ferroptosis and apoptosis; DDD up-regulated the expression of HIF-1α, Glutathione Peroxidase 4(GPX4), and Bcl2 proteins, and down-regulated expression of Bax protein. CONCLUSION DDD exerts therapeutic effects on AS and HLP through multiple targets and pathways, and improves mitochondrial function, reduces ROS content, inhibits ferroptosis and apoptosis by activating the HIF-1 signaling pathway, which provides reliable theoretical and experimental support for DDD treatment of AS and HLP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xize Wu
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| | - Jiaxiang Pan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| | - Jj Jiajia Yu
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| | - Jian Kang
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| | - Siyi Hou
- The Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110032, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Geriatric Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| | - Meijia Cheng
- The Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| | - Lili Xu
- Department of Cardiology, 924 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Guilin, 541002, China.
| | - Lihong Gong
- The Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110032, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Geriatric Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| | - Yue Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110032, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Geriatric Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Liu C, Shen M, Tan WLW, Chen IY, Liu Y, Yu X, Yang H, Zhang A, Liu Y, Zhao MT, Ameen M, Zhang M, Gross ER, Qi LS, Sayed N, Wu JC. Statins improve endothelial function via suppression of epigenetic-driven EndMT. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2023; 2:467-485. [PMID: 37693816 PMCID: PMC10489108 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-023-00267-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The pleiotropic benefits of statins in cardiovascular diseases that are independent of their lipid-lowering effects have been well documented, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here we show that simvastatin significantly improves human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cell functions in both baseline and diabetic conditions by reducing chromatin accessibility at transcriptional enhanced associate domain elements and ultimately at endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT)-regulating genes in a yes-associated protein (YAP)-dependent manner. Inhibition of geranylgeranyltransferase (GGTase) I, a mevalonate pathway intermediate, repressed YAP nuclear translocation and YAP activity via RhoA signaling antagonism. We further identified a previously undescribed SOX9 enhancer downstream of statin-YAP signaling that promotes the EndMT process. Thus, inhibition of any component of the GGTase-RhoA-YAP-SRY box transcription factor 9 (SOX9) signaling axis was shown to rescue EndMT-associated endothelial dysfunction both in vitro and in vivo, especially under diabetic conditions. Overall, our study reveals an epigenetic modulatory role for simvastatin in repressing EndMT to confer protection against endothelial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Liu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Chun Liu, Mengcheng Shen, Wilson L. W. Tan
| | - Mengcheng Shen
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Chun Liu, Mengcheng Shen, Wilson L. W. Tan
| | - Wilson L. W. Tan
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Chun Liu, Mengcheng Shen, Wilson L. W. Tan
| | - Ian Y. Chen
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Medical Service (Cardiology Section), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Yu Liu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xuan Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Huaxiao Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Angela Zhang
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Greenstone Biosciences, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Yanxia Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ming-Tao Zhao
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mohamed Ameen
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mao Zhang
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eric R. Gross
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lei S. Qi
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Sarafan ChEM-H, Standford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub–San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nazish Sayed
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Standford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joseph C. Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Greenstone Biosciences, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Franco GA, Interdonato L, Cordaro M, Cuzzocrea S, Di Paola R. Bioactive Compounds of the Mediterranean Diet as Nutritional Support to Fight Neurodegenerative Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087318. [PMID: 37108480 PMCID: PMC10139089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are a widespread cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, characterized by neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal depletion. They include selective malfunction and progressive loss of neurons, glial cells, and neural networks in the brain and spinal cord. There is an urgent need to develop new and more effective therapeutic strategies to combat these devastating diseases because, today, there is no treatment that can cure degenerative diseases; however, we have many symptomatic treatments. Current nutritional approaches are beginning to reflect a fundamental change in our understanding of health. The Mediterranean diet may have a protective effect on the neurodegenerative process because it is rich in antioxidants, fiber, and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Increasing knowledge regarding the impact of diet on regulation at the genetic and molecular levels is changing the way we consider the role of nutrition, resulting in new dietary strategies. Natural products, thanks to their bioactive compounds, have recently undergone extensive exploration and study for their therapeutic potential for a variety of diseases. Targeting simultaneous multiple mechanisms of action and a neuroprotection approach with the diet could prevent cell death and restore function to damaged neurons. For these reasons, this review will be focused on the therapeutic potential of natural products and the associations between the Mediterranean-style diet (MD), neurodegenerative diseases, and markers and mechanisms of neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Antonio Franco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Livia Interdonato
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Li X, Li S, Wang J, Chen G, Tao X, Xu S. Metabolomic Analysis Reveals Domestication-Driven Reshaping of Polyphenolic Antioxidants in Soybean Seeds. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040912. [PMID: 37107287 PMCID: PMC10135580 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Crop domestication has resulted in nutrient losses, so evaluating the reshaping of phytonutrients is crucial for improving nutrition. Soybean is an ideal model due to its abundant phytonutrients and wild relatives. In order to unravel the domestication consequence of phytonutrients, comparative and association analyses of metabolomes and antioxidant activities were performed on seeds of six wild (Glycine soja (Sieb. and Zucc.)) and six cultivated soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Through ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), we observed a greater metabolic diversity in wild soybeans, which also displayed higher antioxidant activities. (-)-Epicatechin, a potent antioxidant, displayed a 1750-fold greater abundance in wild soybeans than in cultivated soybeans. Multiple polyphenols in the catechin biosynthesis pathway were significantly higher in wild soybeans, including phlorizin, taxifolin, quercetin 3-O-galactoside, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, (+)-catechin, (-)-epiafzelechin, catechin-glucoside, and three proanthocyanidins. They showed significant positive correlations with each other and antioxidant activities, indicating their cooperative contribution to the high antioxidant activities of wild soybeans. Additionally, natural acylation related to functional properties was characterized in a diverse range of polyphenols. Our study reveals the comprehensive reprogramming of polyphenolic antioxidants during domestication, providing valuable insights for metabolism-assisted fortification of crop nutrition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuetong Li
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Sujuan Li
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Tao
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Shengchun Xu
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou 311231, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gresnigt F, van den Brink LC, Hunault C, Franssen E, de Lange D, Riezebos R. Incidence of cardiovascular symptoms and adverse events following self-reported acute cannabis intoxication at the emergency department: a retrospective study. Emerg Med J 2023; 40:357-358. [PMID: 36941035 DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2022-212784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Femke Gresnigt
- Emergency Department, OLVG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Dutch Poisons Information Center (DPIC), UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Claudine Hunault
- Dutch Poisons Information Center (DPIC), UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Dylan de Lange
- Dutch Poisons Information Center (DPIC), UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Shen S, Zhao C, Wu C, Sun S, Li Z, Yan W, Shao Z. Allosteric modulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1137604. [PMID: 36875468 PMCID: PMC9978769 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1137604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest family of transmembrane proteins, regulate a wide array of physiological processes in response to extracellular signals. Although these receptors have proven to be the most successful class of drug targets, their complicated signal transduction pathways (including different effector G proteins and β-arrestins) and mediation by orthosteric ligands often cause difficulties for drug development, such as on- or off-target effects. Interestingly, identification of ligands that engage allosteric binding sites, which are different from classic orthosteric sites, can promote pathway-specific effects in cooperation with orthosteric ligands. Such pharmacological properties of allosteric modulators offer new strategies to design safer GPCR-targeted therapeutics for various diseases. Here, we explore recent structural studies of GPCRs bound to allosteric modulators. Our inspection of all GPCR families reveals recognition mechanisms of allosteric regulation. More importantly, this review highlights the diversity of allosteric sites and presents how allosteric modulators control specific GPCR pathways to provide opportunities for the development of new valuable agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wei Yan
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenhua Shao
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Hileman CO, Durieux JC, Janus SE, Bowman E, Kettelhut A, Nguyen TT, Avery AK, Funderburg N, Sullivan C, McComsey GA. Heroin Use Is Associated With Vascular Inflammation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Clin Infect Dis 2023; 76:375-381. [PMID: 36208157 PMCID: PMC10169434 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heroin use may work synergistically with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection to cause greater immune dysregulation than either factor alone. Unraveling how this affects end-organ disease is key as it may play a role in the excess mortality seen in people with HIV (PWH) who use heroin despite access to care and antiretroviral therapy. METHODS This is a prospectively enrolled, cross-sectional study of adults with and without HIV who use and do not use heroin using (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) to compare tissue-specific inflammation including aortic (target-to-background ratio [TBR]), splenic, and bone marrow (standardized uptake value [SUV]). RESULTS A total of 120 participants were enrolled. The unadjusted mean difference in aortic TBR was 0.43 between HIV-positive [HIV+] heroin+ and HIV+ heroin-negative [heroin-] (P = .02); however, among HIV-, aortic TBR was similar regardless of heroin-use status. Further, HIV-by-heroin-use status interaction was significant (P = .02), indicating that the relationship between heroin use and higher aortic TBR depended on HIV status. On the other hand, both HIV (1.54 vs 1.68; P = .04, unadjusted estimated means for HIV+ vs HIV-) and heroin use were associated with lower bone marrow SUV, although the effect of heroin depended on sex (heroin-use-by-sex interaction, P = .03). HIV-by-heroin-use interaction was not significant for splenic or bone marrow SUV. CONCLUSIONS Aortic inflammation was greatest in PWH who use heroin, but paradoxically, bone marrow activity was the least in this group, suggesting complex and possibly divergent pathophysiology within these different end organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corrilynn O Hileman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jared C Durieux
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Disease, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Scott E Janus
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Emily Bowman
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Medical Laboratory Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Aaren Kettelhut
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Medical Laboratory Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Trong-Tuong Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ann K Avery
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nicholas Funderburg
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Medical Laboratory Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Claire Sullivan
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Grace A McComsey
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Disease, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Cannabinoids Transmogrify Cancer Metabolic Phenotype via Epigenetic Reprogramming and a Novel CBD Biased G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling Platform. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041030. [PMID: 36831374 PMCID: PMC9954791 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of epigenetic reprogramming predicts long-term functional health effects. This reprogramming can be activated by exogenous or endogenous insults, leading to altered healthy and different disease states. The exogenous or endogenous changes that involve developing a roadmap of epigenetic networking, such as drug components on epigenetic imprinting and restoring epigenome patterns laid down during embryonic development, are paramount to establishing youthful cell type and health. This epigenetic landscape is considered one of the hallmarks of cancer. The initiation and progression of cancer are considered to involve epigenetic abnormalities and genetic alterations. Cancer epigenetics have shown extensive reprogramming of every component of the epigenetic machinery in cancer development, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, nucleosome positioning, non-coding RNAs, and microRNA expression. Endocannabinoids are natural lipid molecules whose levels are regulated by specific biosynthetic and degradative enzymes. They bind to and activate two primary cannabinoid receptors, type 1 (CB1) and type 2 (CB2), and together with their metabolizing enzymes, form the endocannabinoid system. This review focuses on the role of cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 signaling in activating numerous receptor tyrosine kinases and Toll-like receptors in the induction of epigenetic landscape alterations in cancer cells, which might transmogrify cancer metabolism and epigenetic reprogramming to a metastatic phenotype. Strategies applied from conception could represent an innovative epigenetic target for preventing and treating human cancer. Here, we describe novel cannabinoid-biased G protein-coupled receptor signaling platforms (GPCR), highlighting putative future perspectives in this field.
Collapse
|
38
|
Hao J, Liu Y. Epigenetics of methylation modifications in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1119765. [PMID: 37008904 PMCID: PMC10050754 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1119765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common metabolic diseases with complications including diabetic cardiomyopathy and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Recently, a growing body of research has revealed that the complex interplay between epigenetic changes and the environmental factors may significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications secondary to diabetes. Methylation modifications, including DNA methylation and histone methylation among others, are important in developing diabetic cardiomyopathy. Here we summarized the literatures of studies focusing on the role of DNA methylation, and histone modifications in microvascular complications of diabetes and discussed the mechanism underlying these disorders, to provide the guidance for future research toward an integrated pathophysiology and novel therapeutic strategies to treat or prevent this frequent pathological condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hao
- Department of Emergency, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yao Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Walker KL, Mackler SA, Noble SM, Gaudreault AE, Mitchell S, Reid RD, Pipe AL, Coutinho T, Mir H, Mullen KA. Prevalence, perceptions, and patterns of cannabis use among cardiac inpatients at a tertiary care hospital: A cross-sectional survey. CJC Open 2023; 5:315-324. [PMID: 37124964 PMCID: PMC10140739 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cannabis use may adversely affect cardiovascular health. Patterns of use by cardiac patients are unknown. We evaluated the prevalence, perceptions, and patterns of cannabis use among cardiac inpatients. Methods A consecutive cross-section of cardiac inpatients, hospitalized between November 2019 and May 2020, were surveyed in-person or via telephone. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to examine the characteristics of cannabis use. Results The prevalence of past-12-month cannabis use was 13.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 11.8%-16.0%). Characteristics independently associated with cannabis use were as follows: age < 64 years (< 44 years, odds ratio [OR] = 3.96 [95% CI: 1.65-9.53]; age 45-64 years, OR = 2.72 [95% CI: 1.65-4.47]); tobacco use in the previous 6 months (OR = 1.91 [95% CI: 1.18-3.07]); having a cannabis smoker in one's primary social group (OR = 4.17 [95% CI: 2.73-6.38]); and a history of a mental health diagnosis (OR = 1.82 [95% CI: 1.19-2.79]). Among those using cannabis, 70.5% reported smoking or vaping it; 47.2% reported daily use. Most did not know the tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; 71.6%) or cannabidiol (CBD; 83.3%) content of their cannabis, or the dose of cannabis in their edibles (66.7%). As defined by Canada's Lower Risk Cannabis Use Guidelines, 96.7% of cannabis users reported ≥ 1 higher-risk use behaviour (mean = 2.3, standard deviation = 1.2). Over 60% of patients expressed no intention to quit or reduce cannabis use in the next 6 months. Conclusions Cannabis use appears prevalent among cardiac patients. Most users demonstrated higher-risk use behaviours and low intentions to quit. Further work is needed to understand the impacts of cannabis use on the cardiovascular system and to develop guidelines and educational tools relating to lower-risk use, for cardiac patients and providers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn L. Walker
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah A. Mackler
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shireen M. Noble
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adrienne E. Gaudreault
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott Mitchell
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert D. Reid
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew L. Pipe
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thais Coutinho
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hassan Mir
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kerri-Anne Mullen
- Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Corresponding author: Kerri-Anne Mullen, 40 Ruskin Street, H-S134, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4W7, Canada. Tel.: +1-613-696-7000, x19095.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wang X, Ma Y, Xu Q, Shikov AN, Pozharitskaya ON, Flisyuk EV, Liu M, Li H, Vargas-Murga L, Duez P. Flavonoids and saponins: What have we got or missed? PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154580. [PMID: 36610132 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoids and saponins are important bioactive compounds that have attracted wide research interests. This review aims to summarise the state of the art of the pharmacology, toxicology and clinical efficacy of these compounds. METHODS Data were retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Proquest, CNKI, Chongqing VIP, Wanfang, NPASS and HIT 2.0 databases. Meta-analysis and systematic reviews were evaluated following the PRISMA guideline. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS23.0. RESULTS Rising research trends on flavonoids and saponins were observed since the 1990s and the 2000s, respectively. Studies on pharmacological targets and activities of flavonoids and saponins represent an important area of research advances over the past decade, and these important resources have been documented in open-access specialised databases and can be retrieved with ease. The rising research on flavonoids and saponins can be attributed, at least in part, to their links with some highly investigated fields of research, e.g., oxidative stress, inflammation and cancer; i.e., 6.88% and 3.03% of publications on oxidative stress cited by PubMed in 1990 - 2021 involved flavonoids and saponins, respectively, significantly higher than the percentage involving alkaloids (1.88%). The effects of flavonoids concern chronic venous insufficiency, cervical lesions, diabetes, rhinitis, dermatopathy, prostatitis, menopausal symptoms, angina pectoris, male pattern hair loss, lymphocytic leukaemia, gastrointestinal diseases and traumatic cerebral infarction, etc, while those of saponins may have impact on venous oedema in chronic deep vein incompetence, erectile dysfunction, acute impact injuries and systemic lupus erythematosus, etc. The volume of in vitro research appears way higher than in vivo and clinical studies, with only 10 meta-analyses and systematic reviews (involving 290 interventional and observational studies), and 36 clinical studies on flavonoids and saponins. Data are sorely needed on pharmacokinetics, in vitro pan-assay interferences, purity of tested compounds, interactions in complex herbal extracts, real impact of anti-oxidative strategies, and mid- and long-term toxicities. To fill these important gaps, further investigations are warranted. On the other hand, drug interactions may cause adverse effects but might also be useful for synergism, with the goals of enhancing effects or of detoxifying. Furthermore, the interactions between phytochemicals and the intestinal microbiota are worth investigating as the field may present a promising potential for novel drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuanbin Wang
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital; Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research; Biomedical Research Institute; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, South Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, China..
| | - Yan Ma
- Molecular Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Division of Comparative Immunology and Oncology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Qihe Xu
- Renal Sciences and Integrative Chinese Medicine Laboratory, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander N Shikov
- Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Prof. Popov, 14, Saint-Petersburg, 197376, Russia
| | - Olga N Pozharitskaya
- Murmansk Marine Biological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladimirskaya, 17, Murmansk, 183010, Russia
| | - Elena V Flisyuk
- Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Prof. Popov, 14, Saint-Petersburg, 197376, Russia
| | - Meifeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital; Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research; Biomedical Research Institute; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Hubei University of Medicine, South Renmin Road, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Liliana Vargas-Murga
- BIOTHANI, Can Lleganya, 17451 Sant Feliu de Buixalleu, Catalonia, Spain; Department of Chemical and Agricultural Engineering and Agrifood Technology, University of Girona (UdG), 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pierre Duez
- Unit of Therapeutic Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Mons (UMONS), 7000 Mons, Belgium..
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wang Z, Li X, Dai Y, Yin L, Azi F, Zhou J, Dong M, Xia X. Sustainable production of genistin from glycerol by constructing and optimizing Escherichia coli. Metab Eng 2022; 74:206-219. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2022.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
42
|
Li B, Pan LL, Pan X, Dong X, Ren Z, Zhang H, Chen W, de Vos P, Sun J. Opportunities and challenges of polyphenols and polysaccharides for type 1 diabetes intervention. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:2811-2823. [PMID: 36168918 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2126962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β cell. It contributes to high mortality, frequent diabetic complications, poor quality of life in patients and also puts a significant economic burden on health care systems. Therefore, the development of new therapeutic strategies is urgently needed. Recently, certain dietary compounds with potential applications in food industry, particularly polyphenols and polysaccharides, have gained increasing attention with their prominent anti-diabetic effects on T1D by modulating β cell function, the gut microbiota and/or the immune system. In this review, we critically discuss the recent findings of several dietary polyphenols and polysaccharides with the potential to protect against T1D and the underlying anti-diabetic mechanisms. More importantly, we highlight the current trends, major issues, and future directions of industrial production of polyphenols- and polysaccharides-based functional foods for preventing or delaying T1D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Li-Long Pan
- School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaohua Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | | | - Zhengnan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jia Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Genistein Restricts the Epithelial Mesenchymal Transformation (EMT) and Stemness of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Upregulating miR-1275 to Inhibit the EIF5A2/PI3K/Akt Pathway. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101383. [PMID: 36290289 PMCID: PMC9598820 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Genistein is a natural phytoestrogen with various antitumor effects. Our study focused on exploring the mechanisms of microRNAs and genistein to inhibit the epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and stemness of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We found that miR-1275 was more highly expressed in HCC cells treated with genistein compared with the control. Then, we performed series functional experiments to explore the relationship between genistein and miR-1275 in HCC. The inhibition of genistein on HCC cells was enhanced by the increase in treatment time and dose, and miR-1275 can be raised by genistein. The overall survival and recurrence-free survival of HCC patients with low expressed miR-1275 were lower than those of those with high expression levels. The experimental results exhibited that genistein and miR-1275 can both significantly suppress the proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, EMT and stemness of HCC. Moreover, the inhibition can be further enhanced with the co-existence of miR-1275 mimic and genistein. Finally, we demonstrated that miR-1275 can inhibit the EMT and stemness of HCC via inhibiting the EIF5A2/PI3K/Akt pathway. Our findings proved that genistein can inhibit the EIF5A2/PI3K/Akt pathway by upregulating miR-1275 so as to attenuate the EMT and stemness of HCC cells to restrict their progression and metastasis. Abstract Purpose: Genistein is a natural phytoestrogen with various antitumor effects. In recent years, some microRNAs (miRNA) in cancer cells have been reported to be regulated by genistein. Our study focused on exploring the mechanisms of miRNA upregulation to inhibit the epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and stemness of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients and Methods: MiR-1275 was discovered by the transcriptome sequencing of miRNA expression profiles in HepG2 cells treated with genistein or DMSO as a control. Then, we performed series functional experiments in vitro and vivo to explore the relationship between genistein and miR-1275 in HCC. The target gene (Eukaryotic initiation factor 5A2, EIF5A2) of miR-1275 was predicted by databases and finally determined by a dual luciferase reporter assay. The downstream signaling pathway of EIF5A2 was assessed by bioinformatics analysis and Western blot. Results: the inhibition of genistein on the viability of HCC cells was enhanced by the increase in treatment time and dose, but it had no obvious inhibitory effect on normal hepatocytes (QSG-7701). Through qRT-PCR and transcriptome sequencing, we discovered that miR-1275 was lowly expressed in HCC, and it can be raised by genistein. The overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) of HCC patients with lowly expressed miR-1275 were lower than those of those with high expression levels. In vitro and vivo experiments exhibited that genistein and the overexpression of miR-1275 can both significantly suppress the proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, EMT and stemness of HCC. Moreover, the inhibition can be further enhanced when miR-1275 mimic and genistein exist together. Finally, we demonstrated that miR-1275 can inhibit the epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and stemness of HCC via inhibiting the EIF5A2/PI3K/Akt pathway. Conclusion: Our findings proved that genistein can inhibit the EIF5A2/PI3K/Akt pathway by upregulating miR-1275 so as to attenuate the EMT and stemness of HCC cells to restrict their progression and metastasis.
Collapse
|
44
|
Yang K, Chen J, Zhang T, Yuan X, Ge A, Wang S, Xu H, Zeng L, Ge J. Efficacy and safety of dietary polyphenol supplementation in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:949746. [PMID: 36159792 PMCID: PMC9500378 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.949746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary polyphenol treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a novel direction, and the existing clinical studies have little effective evidence for its therapeutic effect, and some studies have inconsistent results. The effectiveness of dietary polyphenols in the treatment of NAFLD is still controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of oral dietary polyphenols in patients with NAFLD. Methods The literature (both Chinese and English) published before 30 April 2022 in PubMed, Cochrane, Medline, CNKI, and other databases on the treatment of NAFLD with dietary polyphenols was searched. Manual screening, quality assessment, and data extraction of search results were conducted strictly according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RevMan 5.3 software was used to perform the meta-analysis. Results The RCTs included in this study involved dietary supplementation with eight polyphenols (curcumin, resveratrol, naringenin, anthocyanin, hesperidin, catechin, silymarin, and genistein) and 2,173 participants. This systematic review and meta-analysis found that 1) curcumin may decrease body mass index (BMI), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Triglycerides (TG) total cholesterol (TC), and Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) compared to placebo; and curcumin does not increase the occurrence of adverse events. 2) Although the meta-analysis results of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) did not reveal significant positive changes, individual RCTs showed meaningful results. 3) Naringenin significantly decreased the percentage of NAFLD grade, TG, TC, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) but had no significant effect on AST and ALT, and it is a safe supplementation. 4) Only one team presents a protocol about anthocyanin (from Cornus mas L. fruit extract) in the treatment of NAFLD. 5) Hesperidin may decrease BMI, AST, ALT, TG, TC, HOMA-IR, and so on. 6) Catechin may decrease BMI, HOMA-IR, and TG level, and it was well tolerated by the patients. 7) Silymarin was effective in improving ALT and AST and reducing hepatic fat accumulation and liver stiffness in NAFLD patients. Conclusion Based on current evidence, curcumin can reduce BMI, TG, TC, liver enzymes, and insulin resistance; catechin can reduce BMI, insulin resistance, and TG effectively; silymarin can reduce liver enzymes. For resveratrol, naringenin, anthocyanin, hesperidin, and catechin, more RCTs are needed to further evaluate their efficacy and safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Junpeng Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, China
| | - Tianqing Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Anqi Ge
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Liuting Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jinwen Ge
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Jinwen Ge,
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Why Multitarget Vasodilatory (Endo)cannabinoids are Not Effective as Antihypertensive Compounds after Chronic Administration: Comparison of Their Effects on Systemic and Pulmonary Hypertension. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091119. [PMID: 36145339 PMCID: PMC9503677 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic and pulmonary hypertension are multifactorial, high-pressure diseases. The first one is a civilizational condition, and the second one is characterized by a very high mortality rate. Searching for new therapeutic strategies is still an important task. (Endo)cannabinoids, known for their strong vasodilatory properties, have been proposed as possible drugs for different types of hypertension. Unfortunately, our review, in which we summarized all publications found in the PubMed database regarding chronic administration of (endo)cannabinoids in experimental models of systemic and pulmonary hypertension, does not confirm any encouraging suggestions, being based mainly on in vitro and acute in vivo experiments. We considered vasodilator or blood pressure (BP) responses and cardioprotective, anti-oxidative, and the anti-inflammatory effects of particular compounds and their influence on the endocannabinoid system. We found that multitarget (endo)cannabinoids failed to modify higher BP in systemic hypertension since they induced responses leading to decreased and increased BP. In contrast, multitarget cannabidiol and monotarget ligands effectively treated pulmonary and systemic hypertension, respectively. To summarize, based on the available literature, only (endo)cannabinoids with a defined site of action are recommended as potential antihypertensive compounds in systemic hypertension, whereas both mono- and multitarget compounds may be effective in pulmonary hypertension.
Collapse
|
46
|
Deng L, Leng B, Nie X. The cannabis paradox: contrasting role for marijuana in cardiovascular disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:309. [PMID: 36064830 PMCID: PMC9443640 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01160-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Bin Leng
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 2, Singapore, 117542, Singapore
| | - Xiaowei Nie
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Changes in High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and Cholesterol Concentration in Heavy Cannabis Users: A Single-Centre Study in Cusco, Peru. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10081597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The effect of cannabis on cholesterol and lipid balance has been reported for decades. However, there are conflicting reports on the reduction of low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and total cholesterol. The purpose of this study was to determine the immediate changes of Cannabis spp. consumption by pyrolytic route in heavy users. Methods: A cross-sectional study on 20 Peruvian heavy cannabis users (mean age: 31 ± 9.5 years). The inclusion criteria were males with an average weight of 50–70 kg, normal BMI, and having used cannabis, without association with other drugs, for at least one year with a high frequency per week (use: 4–7 days/week). High-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), LDL-C, and total cholesterol were evaluated 30 and 120 min after the administration of Cannabis spp. (~0.2 g by inhalation). Results: Of the total 12 (60%), 10 (50%), and 11 (55%) had desirable total cholesterol, fairly good HDL-C (40–60 mg/dL) and fairly good LDL-C (100–129 mg/dL) values, respectively. The mean basal concentration of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol was 193.37 ± 20.18 mg/dL, 60.05 ± 6.36 mg/dL, and 129.65 ± 14.50 mg/dL, respectively. HDL-cholesterol showed progressive increases in participants with desirable HDL-C > 60 mg/dL at 30 min (10 vs. 14 participants, p < 0.001) and at 120 min (10 vs. 16 participants, p < 0.001), while LDL-C peaked in participants with concentrations < 100 mg/dL at 30 min (desirable cholesterol: 0 vs. 2, p = 0.001). HDL-C concentration showed differences after cannabis consumption, showing increases at 30 (63.25 ± 7.68 mg/dL) and 120 min (69.15 ± 18.67 mg/dL) and total cholesterol concentration changed to 180.95 ± 19.3 mg/dL (95%CI 172.5 to 189.4) at 120 min (p = 0.007). Conclusions: HDL-C cholesterol increased 30 and 120 min after Cannabis spp. ingestion, while LDL-C and total cholesterol showed partial reductions in heavy-users from Cusco, Peru.
Collapse
|
48
|
Liu H, Wang Y, Zhu D, Xu J, Xu X, Liu J. Bioaccessibility and Application of Soybean Isoflavones: A Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2103824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- He Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinszhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinszhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Danshi Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinszhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiaxin Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinszhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinyue Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinszhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Shandong Yuwang Ecological Food Industry Co. Ltd, Yucheng, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Feng X, Xu S, Weng J. Marijuana and endothelial dysfunction: new mechanism and therapy. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:613-615. [PMID: 35701315 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Marijuana (cannabis) can cause cardiovascular side effects, yet the mechanisms and treatments remain poorly understood. In a recent study published in Cell, Wei et al. discovered that soy isoflavone genistein attenuates Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC, a main constituent from marijuana)-induced endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis by directly antagonizing peripheral cannabinoid receptor 1, demonstrating a therapeutic potential for ameliorating the cardiovascular side effects of cannabis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
| | - Jianping Weng
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Huynh K. CNR1 antagonism attenuates cannabis-induced atherosclerosis. Nat Rev Cardiol 2022; 19:432. [PMID: 35581336 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00724-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|