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Malavige GN, Ogg GS. Molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of dengue infections. Trends Mol Med 2024; 30:484-498. [PMID: 38582622 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Dengue is the most rapidly emerging climate-sensitive infection, and morbidity/mortality and disease incidence are rising markedly, leading to healthcare systems being overwhelmed. There are currently no specific treatments for dengue or prognostic markers to identify those who will progress to severe disease. Owing to an increase in the burden of illness and a change in epidemiology, many patients experience severe disease. Our limited understanding of the complex mechanisms of disease pathogenesis has significantly hampered the development of safe and effective treatments, vaccines, and biomarkers. We discuss the molecular mechanisms of dengue pathogenesis, the gaps in our knowledge, and recent advances, as well as the most crucial questions to be answered to enable the development of therapeutics, biomarkers, and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gathsaurie Neelika Malavige
- Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka; Medical Research Council (MRC) Translational Immune Discovery Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Graham S Ogg
- Allergy Immunology and Cell Biology Unit, Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka; Medical Research Council (MRC) Translational Immune Discovery Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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2
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Balingit JC, Dimamay MPS, Suzuki R, Matsuda M, Xayavong D, Ngwe Tun MM, Matias RR, Natividad FF, Moi ML, Takamatsu Y, Culleton R, Buerano CC, Morita K. Role of pre-existing immunity in driving the dengue virus serotype 2 genotype shift in the Philippines: A retrospective analysis of serological data. Int J Infect Dis 2024; 139:59-68. [PMID: 38029834 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The invasion of dengue virus (DENV)-2 Cosmopolitan genotype into the Philippines, where the Asian II genotype previously circulated challenges the principle of dengue serotype-specific immunity. Assessment of antibodies in this population may provide a mechanistic basis for how new genotypes emerge in dengue-endemic areas. METHODS We evaluated the neutralizing antibody (nAb) and antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) responses against the two genotypes using archived serum samples collected from 333 patients with confirmed dengue in Metro Manila, Philippines, before, during, and after the introduction of the Cosmopolitan genotype. We quantified nAb titers in baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells with or without the Fcγ receptor IIA (FcγRIIA) to detect the capacity of virus-antibody complexes to neutralize or enhance DENV. RESULTS The nAb potency of the archived serum samples against the two genotypes was greatly affected by the presence of FcγRIIA. We found significant differences in nAb titers between the two genotypes in BHK-21 cells with FcγRIIA (P <0.0001). The archived serum samples were incapable of fully neutralizing the Cosmopolitan genotype, but instead strongly promoted its ADE compared to the Asian II genotype (P <0.0001). CONCLUSION These results reinforce the role of pre-existing immunity in driving genotype shifts. Our finding that specific genotypes exhibit differing susceptibilities to ADE by cross-reactive antibodies may have implications for dengue vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Claude Balingit
- Department of Tropical Viral Vaccine Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki, Japan; Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mark Pierre S Dimamay
- Research and Biotechnology Group, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Ryosuke Suzuki
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen, Musashi-murayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Matsuda
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen, Musashi-murayama, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dalouny Xayavong
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mya Myat Ngwe Tun
- Department of Tropical Viral Vaccine Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki, Japan; Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ronald R Matias
- Research and Biotechnology Group, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Filipinas F Natividad
- National Ethics Committee, Philippine Council for Health Research and Development, Department of Science and Technology (DOST), Saliksik Building, DOST Compound, Bicutan, Taguig City, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Meng Ling Moi
- Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, School of International Health, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Takamatsu
- Department of Tropical Viral Vaccine Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki, Japan; Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Richard Culleton
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Ehime, Japan
| | - Corazon C Buerano
- Department of Tropical Viral Vaccine Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki, Japan; Research and Biotechnology Group, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Kouichi Morita
- Department of Tropical Viral Vaccine Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki, Japan; Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki, Japan; DEJIMA Infectious Disease Research Alliance, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki, Japan.
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3
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Rojas A, Shen J, Cardozo F, Bernal C, Caballero O, Ping S, Key A, Haider A, de Guillén Y, Langjahr P, Acosta ME, Aria L, Mendoza L, Páez M, Von-Horoch M, Luraschi P, Cabral S, Sánchez MC, Torres A, Pinsky BA, Piantadosi A, Waggoner JJ. Characterization of Dengue Virus 4 Cases in Paraguay, 2019-2020. Viruses 2024; 16:181. [PMID: 38399957 PMCID: PMC10892180 DOI: 10.3390/v16020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2019-2020, dengue virus (DENV) type 4 emerged to cause the largest DENV outbreak in Paraguay's history. This study sought to characterize dengue relative to other acute illness cases and use phylogenetic analysis to understand the outbreak's origin. Individuals with an acute illness (≤7 days) were enrolled and tested for DENV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) and viral RNA by real-time RT-PCR. Near-complete genome sequences were obtained from 62 DENV-4 positive samples. From January 2019 to March 2020, 799 participants were enrolled: 253 dengue (14 severe dengue, 5.5%) and 546 other acute illness cases. DENV-4 was detected in 238 dengue cases (94.1%). NS1 detection by rapid test was 52.5% sensitive (53/101) and 96.5% specific (387/401) for dengue compared to rRT-PCR. DENV-4 sequences were grouped into two clades within genotype II. No clustering was observed based on dengue severity, location, or date. Sequences obtained here were most closely related to 2018 DENV-4 sequences from Paraguay, followed by a 2013 sequence from southern Brazil. DENV-4 can result in large outbreaks, including severe cases, and is poorly detected with available rapid diagnostics. Outbreak strains seem to have been circulating in Paraguay and Brazil prior to 2018, highlighting the importance of sustained DENV genomic surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Rojas
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111241, Paraguay; (F.C.); (C.B.); (O.C.); (Y.d.G.); (M.E.A.); (L.A.); (L.M.); (M.P.)
| | - John Shen
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Fátima Cardozo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111241, Paraguay; (F.C.); (C.B.); (O.C.); (Y.d.G.); (M.E.A.); (L.A.); (L.M.); (M.P.)
- Departamento de Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Central—Instituto de Previsión Social, Asunción 001531, Paraguay; (M.C.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Cynthia Bernal
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111241, Paraguay; (F.C.); (C.B.); (O.C.); (Y.d.G.); (M.E.A.); (L.A.); (L.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Oliver Caballero
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111241, Paraguay; (F.C.); (C.B.); (O.C.); (Y.d.G.); (M.E.A.); (L.A.); (L.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Sara Ping
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University, 1760 Haygood Drive NE, Room E-169, Bay E-1, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (S.P.); (A.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Autum Key
- Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Ali Haider
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University, 1760 Haygood Drive NE, Room E-169, Bay E-1, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (S.P.); (A.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Yvalena de Guillén
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111241, Paraguay; (F.C.); (C.B.); (O.C.); (Y.d.G.); (M.E.A.); (L.A.); (L.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Patricia Langjahr
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Campus Universitario, San Lorenzo 111421, Paraguay;
| | - Maria Eugenia Acosta
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111241, Paraguay; (F.C.); (C.B.); (O.C.); (Y.d.G.); (M.E.A.); (L.A.); (L.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Laura Aria
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111241, Paraguay; (F.C.); (C.B.); (O.C.); (Y.d.G.); (M.E.A.); (L.A.); (L.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Laura Mendoza
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111241, Paraguay; (F.C.); (C.B.); (O.C.); (Y.d.G.); (M.E.A.); (L.A.); (L.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Malvina Páez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111241, Paraguay; (F.C.); (C.B.); (O.C.); (Y.d.G.); (M.E.A.); (L.A.); (L.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Marta Von-Horoch
- Departamento de Epidemiología, Hospital Central—Instituto de Previsión Social, Asunción 001531, Paraguay; (M.V.-H.); (P.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Patricia Luraschi
- Departamento de Epidemiología, Hospital Central—Instituto de Previsión Social, Asunción 001531, Paraguay; (M.V.-H.); (P.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Sandra Cabral
- Departamento de Epidemiología, Hospital Central—Instituto de Previsión Social, Asunción 001531, Paraguay; (M.V.-H.); (P.L.); (S.C.)
| | - María Cecilia Sánchez
- Departamento de Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Central—Instituto de Previsión Social, Asunción 001531, Paraguay; (M.C.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Aurelia Torres
- Departamento de Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Central—Instituto de Previsión Social, Asunción 001531, Paraguay; (M.C.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Benjamin A. Pinsky
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Anne Piantadosi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University, 1760 Haygood Drive NE, Room E-169, Bay E-1, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (S.P.); (A.H.); (A.P.)
- Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Jesse J. Waggoner
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University, 1760 Haygood Drive NE, Room E-169, Bay E-1, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (S.P.); (A.H.); (A.P.)
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Munt JE, Henein S, Adams C, Young E, Hou YJ, Conrad H, Zhu D, Dong S, Kose N, Yount B, Meganck RM, Tse LPV, Kuan G, Balmaseda A, Ricciardi MJ, Watkins DI, Crowe JE, Harris E, DeSilva AM, Baric RS. Homotypic antibodies target novel E glycoprotein domains after natural DENV 3 infection/vaccination. Cell Host Microbe 2023; 31:1850-1865.e5. [PMID: 37909048 PMCID: PMC11221912 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The envelope (E) glycoprotein is the primary target of type-specific (TS) neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) after infection with any of the four distinct dengue virus serotypes (DENV1-4). nAbs can be elicited to distinct structural E domains (EDs) I, II, or III. However, the relative contribution of these domain-specific antibodies is unclear. To identify the primary DENV3 nAb targets in sera after natural infection or vaccination, chimeric DENV1 recombinant encoding DENV3 EDI, EDII, or EDIII were generated. DENV3 EDII is the principal target of TS polyclonal nAb responses and encodes two or more neutralizing epitopes. In contrast, some were individuals vaccinated with a DENV3 monovalent vaccine-elicited serum TS nAbs targeting each ED in a subject-dependent fashion, with an emphasis on EDI and EDIII. Vaccine responses were also sensitive to DENV3 genotypic variation. This DENV1/3 panel allows the measurement of serum ED TS nAbs, revealing differences in TS nAb immunity after natural infection or vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Munt
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sandra Henein
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cameron Adams
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ellen Young
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yixuan J Hou
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Helen Conrad
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Deanna Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Stephanie Dong
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nurgun Kose
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Boyd Yount
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rita M Meganck
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Long Ping V Tse
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Guillermina Kuan
- Health Center Socrates Flores Vivas, Ministry of Health, Managua, Nicaragua; Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Angel Balmaseda
- Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua; National Virology Laboratory, National Center for Diagnosis and Reference, Ministry of Health, Managua, Nicaragua
| | | | - David I Watkins
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | | | - Eva Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Aravinda M DeSilva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ralph S Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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5
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Zhu DR, Rajesh AJ, Meganck RM, Young EF, Munt JE, Tse VL, Yount B, Conrad H, White L, Henein S, DeSilva AM, Baric RS. Dengue virus 4/2 envelope domain chimeric virus panel maps type-specific responses against dengue serotype 2. mBio 2023; 14:e0081823. [PMID: 37800919 PMCID: PMC10653845 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00818-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes infect several hundred million people each year. Although primary infection is generally mild, subsequent infection by differing serotypes increases the risk for symptomatic disease ranging from fever to life-threatening shock. Despite the availability of licensed vaccines, a comprehensive understanding of antibodies that target the viral envelope protein and protect from infection remains incomplete. In this manuscript, we develop a panel of recombinant viruses that graft each envelope domain of DENV2 onto the DENV4 envelope glycoprotein, revealing protein interactions important for virus viability. Furthermore, we map neutralizing antibody responses after primary DENV2 natural infection and a human challenge model to distinct domains on the viral envelope protein. The panel of recombinant viruses provides a new tool for dissecting the E domain-specific targeting of protective antibody responses, informing future DENV vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna R. Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alecia J. Rajesh
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rita M. Meganck
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ellen F. Young
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jennifer E. Munt
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Victor L. Tse
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Boyd Yount
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Helen Conrad
- College of Science, Engineering and Food Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Laura White
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sandra Henein
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Aravinda M. DeSilva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ralph S. Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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6
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Aquino VH, Fumagalli MJ, Silva A, de Moura Negrini BV, Rojas A, Guillen Y, Bernal C, Figueiredo LTM. Linear epitope mapping in the E and NS1 proteins of dengue and Zika viruses: Prospection of peptides for vaccines and diagnostics. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292451. [PMID: 37788262 PMCID: PMC10547212 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The arrival of the Zika virus (ZIKV) in dengue virus (DENV)-endemic areas has posed challenges for both differential diagnosis and vaccine development. Peptides have shown promise in addressing these issues. The aim of this study was to identify the linear epitope profile recognized by serum samples from dengue and Zika patients in the E and NS1 proteins of DENV and ZIKV. This cross-sectional study included individuals of all ages with laboratory-confirmed DENV and ZIKV infections, who were selected through convenience sampling. The serum samples from dengue and Zika patients detected epitopes evenly distributed across the viral proteins in a peptide microarray platform. However, several epitopes were located within "epitope hotspots", characterized by clusters of peptides recognized in more than 30% of the sub-arrays analyzed using individual or pooled serum samples. The serum samples from dengue and Zika patients showed a high level of cross-reactivity with peptides in the DENV and ZIKV proteins. Analysis using an additional peptide microarray platform, which contained peptides selected based on the results of the initial screening, revealed that two DENV and one ZIKV peptide, highly specific to their related viruses, were located within the epitope hotspots; however, they presented low detection rates (32.5, 35.0, and 28.6%, respectively). In addition, two DENV peptides detected at similarly high rates by both dengue and Zika patients were also found within the epitope hotspots. These hotspots contain several immunodominant epitopes that are recognized by a larger number of individuals when compared to 15-amino acid (aa) sequence peptides. Thus, epitope hotspots may have greater potential to serve as antigens in diagnostic tests and vaccine development than peptides composed of only 15 amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Hugo Aquino
- Immunology Department, Research Institute for Health Sciences, National University of Asuncion, San Lorenzo, Central, Paraguay
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcilio J. Fumagalli
- Virology Research Center, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angélica Silva
- Virology Research Center, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Alejandra Rojas
- Production Department, Research Institute for Health Sciences, National University of Asuncion, San Lorenzo, Central, Paraguay
| | - Yvalena Guillen
- Production Department, Research Institute for Health Sciences, National University of Asuncion, San Lorenzo, Central, Paraguay
| | - Cynthia Bernal
- Production Department, Research Institute for Health Sciences, National University of Asuncion, San Lorenzo, Central, Paraguay
| | - Luiz Tadeu Moraes Figueiredo
- Virology Research Center, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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7
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Lubow J, Levoir LM, Ralph DK, Belmont L, Contreras M, Cartwright-Acar CH, Kikawa C, Kannan S, Davidson E, Duran V, Rebellon-Sanchez DE, Sanz AM, Rosso F, Doranz BJ, Einav S, Matsen IV FA, Goo L. Single B cell transcriptomics identifies multiple isotypes of broadly neutralizing antibodies against flaviviruses. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011722. [PMID: 37812640 PMCID: PMC10586629 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sequential dengue virus (DENV) infections often generate neutralizing antibodies against all four DENV serotypes and sometimes, Zika virus. Characterizing cross-flavivirus broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) responses can inform countermeasures that avoid enhancement of infection associated with non-neutralizing antibodies. Here, we used single cell transcriptomics to mine the bnAb repertoire following repeated DENV infections. We identified several new bnAbs with comparable or superior breadth and potency to known bnAbs, and with distinct recognition determinants. Unlike all known flavivirus bnAbs, which are IgG1, one newly identified cross-flavivirus bnAb (F25.S02) was derived from IgA1. Both IgG1 and IgA1 versions of F25.S02 and known bnAbs displayed neutralizing activity, but only IgG1 enhanced infection in monocytes expressing IgG and IgA Fc receptors. Moreover, IgG-mediated enhancement of infection was inhibited by IgA1 versions of bnAbs. We demonstrate a role for IgA in flavivirus infection and immunity with implications for vaccine and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Lubow
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Lisa M. Levoir
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Duncan K. Ralph
- Computational Biology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Laura Belmont
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Maya Contreras
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Catiana H. Cartwright-Acar
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Caroline Kikawa
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Shruthi Kannan
- Integral Molecular, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Edgar Davidson
- Integral Molecular, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Veronica Duran
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | | | - Ana M. Sanz
- Clinical Research Center, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
| | - Fernando Rosso
- Clinical Research Center, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
| | - Benjamin J. Doranz
- Integral Molecular, Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Shirit Einav
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Frederick A. Matsen IV
- Computational Biology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Statistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Leslie Goo
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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8
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Meganck RM, Zhu D, Dong S, Snoderly-Foster LJ, Dalben YR, Thiono D, White LJ, DeSilva AM, Baric RS, Tse LV. Evolution of a functionally intact but antigenically distinct DENV fusion loop. eLife 2023; 12:RP87555. [PMID: 37725085 PMCID: PMC10508882 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of dengue virus (DENV) pathogenesis is the potential for antibody-dependent enhancement, which is associated with deadly DENV secondary infection, complicates the identification of correlates of protection, and negatively impacts the safety and efficacy of DENV vaccines. Antibody-dependent enhancement is linked to antibodies targeting the fusion loop (FL) motif of the envelope protein, which is completely conserved in mosquito-borne flaviviruses and required for viral entry and fusion. In the current study, we utilized saturation mutagenesis and directed evolution to engineer a functional variant with a mutated FL (D2-FL), which is not neutralized by FL-targeting monoclonal antibodies. The FL mutations were combined with our previously evolved prM cleavage site to create a mature version of D2-FL (D2-FLM), which evades both prM- and FL-Abs but retains sensitivity to other type-specific and quaternary cross-reactive (CR) Abs. CR serum from heterotypic (DENV4)-infected non-human primates (NHP) showed lower neutralization titers against D2-FL and D2-FLM than isogenic wildtype DENV2 while similar neutralization titers were observed in serum from homotypic (DENV2)-infected NHP. We propose D2-FL and D2-FLM as valuable tools to delineate CR Ab subtypes in serum as well as an exciting platform for safer live-attenuated DENV vaccines suitable for naïve individuals and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita M Meganck
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis UniversitySaint LouisUnited States
| | - Deanna Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUnited States
| | - Stephanie Dong
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUnited States
| | - Lisa J Snoderly-Foster
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis UniversitySaint LouisUnited States
| | - Yago R Dalben
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis UniversitySaint LouisUnited States
| | - Devina Thiono
- Department of Microbiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUnited States
| | - Laura J White
- Department of Microbiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUnited States
| | - Arivianda M DeSilva
- Department of Microbiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUnited States
| | - Ralph S Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUnited States
| | - Longping V Tse
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis UniversitySaint LouisUnited States
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9
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Meganck RM, Zhu D, Dong S, Snoderly-Foster LJ, Dalben YR, Thiono D, White LJ, DeSilva AM, Baric RS, Tse LV. Evolution of a Functionally Intact but Antigenically Distinct DENV Fusion Loop. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.22.533803. [PMID: 37034784 PMCID: PMC10081285 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.22.533803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A hallmark of Dengue virus (DENV) pathogenesis is the potential for antibody-dependent enhancement, which is associated with deadly DENV secondary infection, complicates the identification of correlates of protection, and negatively impacts the safety and efficacy of DENV vaccines. ADE is linked to antibodies targeting the fusion loop (FL) motif of the envelope protein, which is completely conserved in mosquito-borne flaviviruses and required for viral entry and fusion. In the current study, we utilized saturation mutagenesis and directed evolution to engineer a functional variant with a mutated FL (D2-FL) which is not neutralized by FL-targeting monoclonal antibodies. The FL mutations were combined with our previously evolved prM cleavage site to create a mature version of D2-FL (D2-FLM), which evades both prM- and FL-Abs but retains sensitivity to other type-specific and quaternary cross-reactive (CR) Abs. CR serum from heterotypic (DENV4) infected non-human primates (NHP) showed lower neutralization titers against D2-FL and D2-FLM than isogenic wildtype DENV2 while similar neutralization titers were observed in serum from homotypic (DENV2) infected NHP. We propose D2-FL and D2-FLM as valuable tools to delineate CR Ab subtypes in serum as well as an exciting platform for safer live attenuated DENV vaccines suitable for naïve individuals and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita M. Meganck
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University
| | - Deanna Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Stephanie Dong
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | | | - Yago R. Dalben
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University
| | - Devina Thiono
- Department of Microbiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Laura J. White
- Department of Microbiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | | | - Ralph S. Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Longping V. Tse
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University
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10
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Pannala VR, Nguyen HD, Wallqvist A. A stochastic B cell affinity maturation model to characterize mechanisms of protection for tetravalent dengue vaccine constructs. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1100434. [PMID: 37520320 PMCID: PMC10375700 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1100434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue annually infects millions of people from a regionally and seasonally varying dengue virus population circulating as four distinct serotypes. Effective protection against dengue infection and disease requires tetravalent vaccine formulations to stimulate a balanced protective immune response to all four serotypes. However, this has been a challenge to achieve, and several clinical trials with different leading vaccine candidates have demonstrated unbalanced replication and interference of interindividual serotype components, leading to low efficacy and enhanced disease severity for dengue-naïve populations. Production of serotype-specific neutralizing antibodies is largely viewed as a correlate of protection against severe dengue disease. However, the underlying mechanisms that lead to these protective immune responses are not clearly elucidated. In this work, using a stochastic model of B cell affinity maturation, we tested different live-attenuated vaccine constructs with varied viral replication rates and contrasted the initiation and progress of adaptive immune responses during tetravalent vaccination and after dengue virus challenge. Comparison of our model simulations across different disease-severity levels suggested that individual production of high levels of serotype-specific antibodies together with a lower cross-reactive antibody are better correlates for protection. Furthermore, evolution of these serotype-specific antibodies was dependent on the percent of viral attenuation in the vaccine, and production of initial B cell and T cell populations pre- and post-secondary dengue infection was crucial in providing protective immunity for dengue-naïve populations. Furthermore, contrasting disease severity with respect to different dengue serotypes, our model simulations showed that tetravalent vaccines fare better against DENV-4 serotype when compared to other serotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkat R. Pannala
- Department of Defense Biotechnology High Performance Computing Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, Frederick, MD, United States
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Hung D. Nguyen
- Department of Defense Biotechnology High Performance Computing Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, Frederick, MD, United States
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Anders Wallqvist
- Department of Defense Biotechnology High Performance Computing Software Applications Institute, Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center, U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, Frederick, MD, United States
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11
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Lubow J, Levoir LM, Ralph DK, Belmont L, Contreras M, Cartwright-Acar CH, Kikawa C, Kannan S, Davidson E, Doranz BJ, Duran V, Sanchez DE, Sanz AM, Rosso F, Einav S, Matsen FA, Goo L. Single B cell transcriptomics identifies multiple isotypes of broadly neutralizing antibodies against flaviviruses. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.09.536175. [PMID: 37090561 PMCID: PMC10120628 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.09.536175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Sequential dengue virus (DENV) infections often generate neutralizing antibodies against all four DENV serotypes and sometimes, Zika virus. Characterizing cross-flavivirus broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) responses can inform countermeasure strategies that avoid infection enhancement associated with non-neutralizing antibodies. Here, we used single cell transcriptomics to mine the bnAb repertoire following secondary DENV infection. We identified several new bnAbs with comparable or superior breadth and potency to known bnAbs, and with distinct recognition determinants. Unlike all known flavivirus bnAbs, which are IgG1, one newly identified cross-flavivirus bnAb (F25.S02) was derived from IgA1. Both IgG1 and IgA1 versions of F25.S02 and known bnAbs displayed neutralizing activity, but only IgG1 enhanced infection in monocytes expressing IgG and IgA Fc receptors. Moreover, IgG-mediated enhancement of infection was inhibited by IgA1 versions of bnAbs. We demonstrate a role for IgA in flavivirus infection and immunity with implications for vaccine and therapeutic strategies.
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12
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Young E, Yount B, Pantoja P, Henein S, Meganck RM, McBride J, Munt JE, Baric TJ, Zhu D, Scobey T, Dong S, Tse LV, Martinez MI, Burgos AG, Graham RL, White L, DeSilva A, Sariol CA, Baric RS. A live dengue virus vaccine carrying a chimeric envelope glycoprotein elicits dual DENV2-DENV4 serotype-specific immunity. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1371. [PMID: 36914616 PMCID: PMC10009830 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36702-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The four dengue virus serotypes co-circulate globally and cause significant human disease. Dengue vaccine development is challenging because some virus-specific antibodies are protective, while others are implicated in enhanced viral replication and more severe disease. Current dengue tetravalent vaccines contain four live attenuated serotypes formulated to theoretically induce balanced protective immunity. Among the number of vaccine candidates in clinical trials, only Dengvaxia is licensed for use in DENV seropositive individuals. To simplify live-virus vaccine design, we identify co-evolutionary constraints inherent in flavivirus virion assembly and design chimeric viruses to replace domain II (EDII) of the DENV2 envelope (E) glycoprotein with EDII from DENV4. The chimeric DENV2/4EDII virus replicates efficiently in vitro and in vivo. In male macaques, a single inoculation of DENV2/4EDII induces type-specific neutralizing antibodies to both DENV2 and DENV4, thereby providing a strategy to simplify DENV vaccine design by utilizing a single bivalent E glycoprotein immunogen for two DENV serotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Young
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Boyd Yount
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Petraleigh Pantoja
- Unit of Comparative Medicine, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Sandra Henein
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rita M Meganck
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jennifer McBride
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer E Munt
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Thomas J Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Deanna Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Trevor Scobey
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Stephanie Dong
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Longping V Tse
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Melween I Martinez
- Caribbean Primate Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Armando G Burgos
- Caribbean Primate Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Rachel L Graham
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Laura White
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Aravinda DeSilva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Carlos A Sariol
- Unit of Comparative Medicine, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
- Caribbean Primate Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Ralph S Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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13
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Hussain Z, Rani S, Ma F, Li W, Shen W, Gao T, Wang J, Pei R. Dengue determinants: Necessities and challenges for universal dengue vaccine development. Rev Med Virol 2023; 33:e2425. [PMID: 36683235 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Dengue illness can range from mild illness to life-threatening haemorrhage. It is an Aedes-borne infectious disease caused by the dengue virus, which has four serotypes. Each serotype acts as an independent infectious agent. The antibodies against one serotype confer homotypic immunity but temporary protection against heterotypic infection. Dengue has become a growing health concern for up to one third of the world's population. Currently, there is no potent anti-dengue medicine, and treatment for severe dengue relies on intravenous fluid management and pain medications. The burden of dengue dramatically increases despite advances in vector control measures. These factors underscore the need for a vaccine. Various dengue vaccine strategies have been demonstrated, that is, live attenuated vaccine, inactivated vaccine, DNA vaccine, subunit vaccine, and viral-vector vaccines, some of which are at the stage of clinical testing. Unfortunately, the forefront candidate vaccine is less than satisfactory, and its performance depends on serostatus and age factors. The lessons from clinical studies depicted ambiguity concerning the efficacy of dengue vaccine. Our study highlighted that viral structural heterogeneity, epitope accessibility, autoimmune complications, genetic variants, genetic diversities, antigen competition, virulence variation, host-pathogen specific interaction, antibody-dependent enhancement, cross-reactive immunity among Flaviviruses, and host-susceptibility determinants not only influence infection outcomes but also hampered successful vaccine development. This review integrates dengue determinants allocated necessities and challenges, which would provide insight for universal dengue vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Hussain
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China.,CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saima Rani
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Comsats University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fanshu Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China.,CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenqi Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Tian Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Jine Wang
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China.,CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Renjun Pei
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, China.,CAS Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
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14
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Seesen M, Jearanaiwitayakul T, Limthongkul J, Midoeng P, Sunintaboon P, Ubol S. A bivalent form of nanoparticle-based dengue vaccine stimulated responses that potently eliminate both DENV-2 particles and DENV-2-infected cells. Vaccine 2023; 41:1638-1648. [PMID: 36740559 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is the most prevalent mosquito-borne viral disease and continues to be a global public health concern. Although a licensed dengue vaccine is available, its efficacy and safety profile are not satisfactory. Hence, there remains a need for a safe and effective dengue vaccine. We are currently developing a bivalent dengue vaccine candidate. This vaccine candidate is composed of a C-terminus truncated non-structural protein 1 (NS11-279) and envelope domain III (EDIII) of DENV-2 encapsidated in the nanocarriers, N, N, N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles (TMC NPs). The immunogenicity of this bivalent vaccine candidate was investigated in the present study using BALB/c mice. In this work, we demonstrate that NS1 + EDIII TMC NP-immunized mice strongly elicited antigen-specific antibody responses (anti-NS1 and anti-EDIII IgG) and T-cell responses (NS1- and EDIII-specific-CD4+ and CD8+ T cells). Importantly, the antibody response induced by NS1 + EDIII TMC NPs provided antiviral activities against DENV-2, including serotype-specific neutralization and antibody-mediated complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Moreover, the significant upregulation of Th1- and Th2-associated cytokines, as well as the increased levels of antigen-specific IgG2a and IgG1, indicated a balanced Th1/Th2 response. Collectively, our findings suggest that NS1 + EDIII TMC NPs induced protective responses that can not only neutralize infectious DENV-2 but also eliminate DENV-2-infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathurin Seesen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tuksin Jearanaiwitayakul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
| | - Jitra Limthongkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Panuwat Midoeng
- Division of Pathology, Army Institute of Pathology, Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Panya Sunintaboon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakornpatom, Thailand
| | - Sukathida Ubol
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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15
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López L, Paul RE, Cao-Lormeau VM, Rodó X. Considering waning immunity to better explain dengue dynamics. Epidemics 2022; 41:100630. [PMID: 36272245 DOI: 10.1016/j.epidem.2022.100630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Life-long serotype-specific immunity following dengue virus infection may not always occur, but the true extent of this effect is unknown. Analysis of more than 20 years of monotypic epidemics in the isolated French Polynesian islands revealed that whilst the risk of symptomatic dengue infection did conform to the classical paradigms of homotypic immunity and increased disease risk in heterotypic secondary infections, incorporation of waning immunity improved the ability of epidemiological models to capture the observed epidemic dynamics. Not only does this show how inclusion of waning immunity into classical models can reveal important facets of the immune response to natural dengue virus infection, it also has significant ramifications for vaccine development and implementation in dengue endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo López
- CLIMA (Climate and Health) Program, ISGlobal, c/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Richard E Paul
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR2000, Ecology and Emergence of Arthropod-borne Pathogens Unit, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Van-Mai Cao-Lormeau
- Laboratoire de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses à transmission vectorielle, Institut Louis Malardé, 98713 Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | - Xavier Rodó
- CLIMA (Climate and Health) Program, ISGlobal, c/Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Passeig de Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain.
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16
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Qi L, Sun Y, Juraska M, Moodie Z, Magaret CA, Heng F, Carpp LN, Gilbert PB. Neutralizing antibody correlates of sequence specific dengue disease in a tetravalent dengue vaccine efficacy trial in Asia. Vaccine 2022; 40:5912-5923. [PMID: 36068106 PMCID: PMC9881745 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
In the CYD14 trial of the CYD-TDV dengue vaccine in 2-14 year-olds, neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers to the vaccine-insert dengue strains correlated inversely with symptomatic, virologically-confirmed dengue (VCD). Also, vaccine efficacy against VCD was higher against dengue prM/E amino acid sequences closer to the vaccine inserts. We integrated the nAb and sequence data types by assessing nAb titers as a correlate of sequence-specific VCD separately in the vaccine arm and in the placebo arm. In both vaccine and placebo recipients the correlation of nAb titer with sequence-specific VCD was stronger for dengue nAb contact site sequences closer to the vaccine (p = 0.005 and p = 0.012, respectively). The risk of VCD in vaccine (placebo) recipients was 6.7- (1.80)-fold lower at the 90th vs 10th percentile of nAb for viruses perfectly matched to CYD-TDV, compared to 2.1- (0.78)-fold lower at the 90th vs 10th percentile for viruses with five amino acid mismatches. The evidence for a stronger sequence-distance dependent correlate of risk for the vaccine arm indicates departure from the Prentice criteria for a valid sequence-distance specific surrogate endpoint and suggests that the nAb marker may affect dengue risk differently depending on whether nAbs arise from infection or also by vaccination. However, when restricting to baseline-seropositive 9-14 year-olds, the correlation pattern became more similar between the vaccine and placebo arms, supporting nAb titers as an approximate surrogate endpoint in this population. No sequence-specific nAb titer correlates of VCD were seen in baseline-seronegative participants. Integrated immune response/pathogen sequence data correlates analyses could help increase knowledge of correlates of risk and surrogate endpoints for other vaccines against genetically diverse pathogens. Trial registration: EU Clinical Trials Register 2014-001708-24; registration date 2014-05-26.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qi
- Biostatistics and Programming, Sanofi, 55 Corporate Drive, Bridgewater, NJ 08807, United States.
| | - Yanqing Sun
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, NC 28223, United States.
| | - Michal Juraska
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, United States.
| | - Zoe Moodie
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, United States.
| | - Craig A Magaret
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, United States.
| | - Fei Heng
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, United States.
| | - Lindsay N Carpp
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, United States.
| | - Peter B Gilbert
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, United States; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, 3980 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, WA 98109, United States.
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17
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Lee MF, Voon GZ, Lim HX, Chua ML, Poh CL. Innate and adaptive immune evasion by dengue virus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1004608. [PMID: 36189361 PMCID: PMC9523788 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1004608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is a mosquito-borne disease which causes significant public health concerns in tropical and subtropical countries. Dengue virus (DENV) has evolved various strategies to manipulate the innate immune responses of the host such as ‘hiding’ in the ultrastructure of the host, interfering with the signaling pathway through RNA modifications, inhibiting type 1 IFN production, as well as inhibiting STAT1 phosphorylation. DENV is also able to evade the adaptive immune responses of the host through antigenic variation, antigen-dependent enhancement (ADE), partial maturation of prM proteins, and inhibition of antigen presentation. miRNAs are important regulators of both innate and adaptive immunity and they have been shown to play important roles in DENV replication and pathogenesis. This makes them suitable candidates for the development of anti-dengue therapeutics. This review discusses the various strategies employed by DENV to evade innate and adaptive immunity. The role of miRNAs and DENV non-structural proteins (NS) are promising targets for the development of anti-dengue therapeutics.
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18
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Yong YK, Wong WF, Vignesh R, Chattopadhyay I, Velu V, Tan HY, Zhang Y, Larsson M, Shankar EM. Dengue Infection - Recent Advances in Disease Pathogenesis in the Era of COVID-19. Front Immunol 2022; 13:889196. [PMID: 35874775 PMCID: PMC9299105 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.889196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamics of host-virus interactions, and impairment of the host’s immune surveillance by dengue virus (DENV) serotypes largely remain ambiguous. Several experimental and preclinical studies have demonstrated how the virus brings about severe disease by activating immune cells and other key elements of the inflammatory cascade. Plasmablasts are activated during primary and secondary infections, and play a determinative role in severe dengue. The cross-reactivity of DENV immune responses with other flaviviruses can have implications both for cross-protection and severity of disease. The consequences of a cross-reactivity between DENV and anti-SARS-CoV-2 responses are highly relevant in endemic areas. Here, we review the latest progress in the understanding of dengue immunopathogenesis and provide suggestions to the development of target strategies against dengue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yean Kong Yong
- Laboratory Centre, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Esaki M. Shankar, ; Yean Kong Yong,
| | - Won Fen Wong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ramachandran Vignesh
- Preclinical Department, Royal College of Medicine Perak (UniKL RCMP), Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Malaysia
| | - Indranil Chattopadhyay
- Cancer and Microbiome Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, India
| | - Vijayakumar Velu
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta GA, United States
| | - Hong Yien Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia
| | - Ying Zhang
- Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia
| | - Marie Larsson
- Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Esaki M. Shankar
- Infection Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, India
- *Correspondence: Esaki M. Shankar, ; Yean Kong Yong,
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19
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Seesen M, Jearanaiwitayakul T, Limthongkul J, Sunintaboon P, Ubol S. Mice immunized with trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles containing DENV-2 envelope domain III elicit neutralizing antibodies with undetectable antibody-dependent enhancement activity. J Gen Virol 2022; 103. [PMID: 35833704 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is a disease that poses a significant global public health concern. Although a tetravalent live-attenuated dengue vaccine has been licensed, its efficacy is still debated due to evidence of vaccine breakthrough infection. To avoid this issue, dengue vaccines should stimulate a high degree of serotype-specific response. Thus, envelope domain III (EDIII), which contains serotype-specific neutralizing epitopes, is an attractive target for dengue vaccine development. In this study, we investigated how EDIII encapsidated in N, N, N-trimethyl chitosan chloride nanoparticles (TMC NPs) stimulates a serotype-specific response and whether this response exerts a potential in vitro breakthrough infection. The immune response to DENV-2 elicited by EDIII TMC NP-immunized mice was monitored. We demonstrated that immunization with EDIII TMC NPs resulted in a high level of anti-EDIII antibody production. These antibodies included IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a subtypes. Importantly, antibodies from the immunized mice exerted efficient neutralizing activity with undetectable antibody dependent enhancement (ADE) activity. We also found that EDIII TMC NPs activated functional EDIII-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses. In conclusion, EDIII TMC NPs stimulated humoral immunity with a strong neutralizing antibody response, as well as a cellular immune response against DENV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathurin Seesen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Jitra Limthongkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Panya Sunintaboon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakornpatom 73170, Thailand
| | - Sukathida Ubol
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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20
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Castro-Jiménez TK, Gómez-Legorreta LC, López-Campa LA, Martínez-Torres V, Alvarado-Silva M, Posadas-Mondragón A, Díaz-Lima N, Angulo-Mendez HA, Mejía-Domínguez NR, Vaca-Paniagua F, Ávila-Moreno F, García-Cordero J, Cedillo-Barrón L, Aguilar-Ruíz SR, Bustos-Arriaga J. Variability in Susceptibility to Type I Interferon Response and Subgenomic RNA Accumulation Between Clinical Isolates of Dengue and Zika Virus From Oaxaca Mexico Correlate With Replication Efficiency in Human Cells and Disease Severity. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:890750. [PMID: 35800385 PMCID: PMC9254156 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.890750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue and Zika viruses cocirculate annually in endemic areas of Mexico, causing outbreaks of different magnitude and severity every year, suggesting a continuous selection of Flavivirus variants with variable phenotypes of transmissibility and virulence. To evaluate if Flavivirus variants with different phenotypes cocirculate during outbreaks, we isolated dengue and Zika viruses from blood samples of febrile patients from Oaxaca City during the 2016 and 2019 epidemic years. We compared their replication kinetics in human cells, susceptibility to type I interferon antiviral response, and the accumulation of subgenomic RNA on infected cells. We observed correlations between type I interferon susceptibility and subgenomic RNA accumulation, with high hematocrit percentage and thrombocytopenia. Our results suggest that Flaviviruses that cocirculate in Oaxaca, Mexico, have variable sensitivity to the antiviral activity of type I interferons, and this phenotypic trait correlates with the severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tannya Karen Castro-Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular e Inmunología de arbovirus, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Laura Cristina Gómez-Legorreta
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular e Inmunología de arbovirus, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Laura Alejandra López-Campa
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular e Inmunología de arbovirus, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Valeria Martínez-Torres
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular e Inmunología de arbovirus, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Marcos Alvarado-Silva
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular e Inmunología de arbovirus, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Araceli Posadas-Mondragón
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular e Inmunología de arbovirus, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | | | | | - Nancy R. Mejía-Domínguez
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México e Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Felipe Vaca-Paniagua
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Federico Ávila-Moreno
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Julio García-Cordero
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Leticia Cedillo-Barrón
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sergio Roberto Aguilar-Ruíz
- Departamento de Biomedicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía de la Universidad Autónoma ‘Benito Juárez’ de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - José Bustos-Arriaga
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular e Inmunología de arbovirus, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
- *Correspondence: José Bustos-Arriaga,
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21
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Gallichotte EN, Henein S, Nivarthi U, Delacruz M, Scobey T, Bonaparte M, Moser J, Munteanu A, Baric R, de Silva AM. Vaccine-induced antibodies to contemporary strains of dengue virus type 4 show a mechanistic correlate of protective immunity. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110930. [PMID: 35675766 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The four dengue virus serotypes (DENV1-4) are mosquito-borne flaviviruses of humans. Several live-attenuated tetravalent DENV vaccines are at different stages of clinical development and approval. In children with no baseline immunity to DENVs, a leading vaccine (Dengvaxia) is efficacious against vaccine-matched DENV4 genotype II (GII) strains but not vaccine-mismatched DENV4 GI viruses. We use a panel of recombinant DENV4 viruses displaying GI or GII envelope (E) proteins to map Dengvaxia-induced neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) linked to protection. The vaccine stimulated antibodies that neutralize the DENV4 GII virus better than the GI virus. The neutralization differences map to 5 variable amino acids on the E protein located within a region targeted by DENV4 NAbs, supporting a mechanistic role for these epitope-specific NAbs in protection. In children with no baseline immunity to DENVs, levels of DENV4 serotype- and genotype-specific NAbs induced by vaccination are predictive of vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily N Gallichotte
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Sandra Henein
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Usha Nivarthi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Matthew Delacruz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Trevor Scobey
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ralph Baric
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Aravinda M de Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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22
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Huang AT, Salje H, Escoto AC, Chowdhury N, Chávez C, Garcia-Carreras B, Rutvisuttinunt W, Maljkovic Berry I, Gromowski GD, Wang L, Klungthong C, Thaisomboonsuk B, Nisalak A, Trimmer-Smith LM, Rodriguez-Barraquer I, Ellison DW, Jones AR, Fernandez S, Thomas SJ, Smith DJ, Jarman R, Whitehead SS, Cummings DAT, Katzelnick LC. Beneath the surface: Amino acid variation underlying two decades of dengue virus antigenic dynamics in Bangkok, Thailand. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010500. [PMID: 35500035 PMCID: PMC9098070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutralizing antibodies are important correlates of protection against dengue. Yet, determinants of variation in neutralization across strains within the four dengue virus serotypes (DENV1-4) is imperfectly understood. Studies focus on structural DENV proteins, especially the envelope (E), the primary target of anti-DENV antibodies. Although changes in immune recognition (antigenicity) are often attributed to variation in epitope residues, viral processes influencing conformation and epitope accessibility also affect neutralizability, suggesting possible modulating roles of nonstructural proteins. We estimated effects of residue changes in all 10 DENV proteins on antigenic distances between 348 DENV collected from individuals living in Bangkok, Thailand (1994-2014). Antigenic distances were derived from response of each virus to a panel of twenty non-human primate antisera. Across 100 estimations, excluding 10% of virus pairs each time, 77 of 295 positions with residue variability in E consistently conferred antigenic effects; 52 were within ±3 sites of known binding sites of neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies, exceeding expectations from random assignments of effects to sites (p = 0.037). Effects were also identified for 16 sites on the stem/anchor of E which were only recently shown to become exposed under physiological conditions. For all proteins, except nonstructural protein 2A (NS2A), root-mean-squared-error (RMSE) in predicting distances between pairs held out in each estimation did not outperform sequences of equal length derived from all proteins or E, suggesting that antigenic signals present were likely through linkage with E. Adjusted for E, we identified 62/219 sites embedding the excess signals in NS2A. Concatenating these sites to E additionally explained 3.4% to 4.0% of observed variance in antigenic distances compared to E alone (50.5% to 50.8%); RMSE outperformed concatenating E with sites from any protein of the virus (ΔRMSE, 95%IQR: 0.01, 0.05). Our results support examining antigenic determinants beyond the DENV surface. Dengue viruses, even of the same serotype, are differentially recognized by preexisting antibodies of individuals. With antibody levels being an important indicator of infection risk and pathogenicity, understanding mechanisms underlying these differences are crucial for vaccine design and development. Investigations have primarily targeted surface regions of the envelope protein (E) where virus-antibody interactions were thought to primarily occur. However, the roles of non-surface regions of the E protein as well as nonstructural proteins has been limited. We looked at the entire virus to identify associations between specific changes in the protein sequence and differences in how viruses were recognized by antibodies. In addition to recovering known determinants on the surface, we found signals in other areas on the structural building blocks of the virus. We also identified additional signals on specific areas of a protein that does not form structures of the virus but orchestrate virus formation. Our results point towards broadening the frame of investigation to gain a more comprehensive understanding of mechanisms giving rise to antibody recognition of dengue viruses, and may aid the design and evaluation of vaccines and/or assays to characterize dengue immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angkana T. Huang
- Department of Biology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Henrik Salje
- Department of Biology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Coello Escoto
- Department of Biology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nayeem Chowdhury
- Department of Biology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Christian Chávez
- Department of Biology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Bernardo Garcia-Carreras
- Department of Biology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Wiriya Rutvisuttinunt
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Irina Maljkovic Berry
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Gregory D. Gromowski
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Chonticha Klungthong
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Butsaya Thaisomboonsuk
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ananda Nisalak
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Luke M. Trimmer-Smith
- Department of Biology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Isabel Rodriguez-Barraquer
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Damon W. Ellison
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Anthony R. Jones
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Stefan Fernandez
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Stephen J. Thomas
- State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| | - Derek J. Smith
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Jarman
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stephen S. Whitehead
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Derek A. T. Cummings
- Department of Biology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DATC); (LCK)
| | - Leah C. Katzelnick
- Department of Biology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DATC); (LCK)
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23
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Abstract
Maturation of dengue viruses (DENVs) alters the structure, immunity, and infectivity of the virion and highly mature particles represent the dominant form in vivo. The production of highly mature virions principally relies on the structure and function of the viral premature membrane protein (prM) and its cleavage by the host protease furin. We redeveloped a reliable clonal cell line (VF1) which produces single-round mature DENVs without the need for DENV reverse genetics. More importantly, using protein engineering and directed evolution of the prM cleavage site, we engineered genetically stable mature DENVs in all serotypes independent of cell or host, usually with minimal impact on viral yield. Using these complementary strategies to regulate maturation, we demonstrate that the resulting mature DENVs are antigenically distinct from their isogenic partially mature forms. Given the clinical importance of mature DENVs in immunity, our study provides reliable strategies and reagents for the production of stable, high-titer mature DENVs for DENV antibody neutralization and vaccination immunity studies. Biologically, our data from directed evolution across host species reveals distinct maturation-dependent selective pressures between mammalian and insect cells, verifying the substrate preference between mammalian and insect furin, while hinting at an evolutionary equilibrium of DENV prM cleavage site between its host and vector in nature.
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24
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Haslwanter D, Lasso G, Wec AZ, Furtado ND, Raphael LMS, Tse AL, Sun Y, Stransky S, Pedreño-Lopez N, Correia CA, Bornholdt ZA, Sakharkar M, Avelino-Silva VI, Moyer CL, Watkins DI, Kallas EG, Sidoli S, Walker LM, Bonaldo MC, Chandran K. Genotype-specific features reduce the susceptibility of South American yellow fever virus strains to vaccine-induced antibodies. Cell Host Microbe 2022; 30:248-259.e6. [PMID: 34998466 PMCID: PMC10067022 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The resurgence of yellow fever in South America has prompted vaccination against the etiologic agent, yellow fever virus (YFV). Current vaccines are based on a live-attenuated YF-17D virus derived from a virulent African isolate. The capacity of these vaccines to induce neutralizing antibodies against the vaccine strain is used as a surrogate for protection. However, the sensitivity of genetically distinct South American strains to vaccine-induced antibodies is unknown. We show that antiviral potency of the polyclonal antibody response in vaccinees is attenuated against an emergent Brazilian strain. This reduction was attributable to amino acid changes at two sites in central domain II of the glycoprotein E, including multiple changes at the domain I-domain II hinge, which are unique to and shared among most South American YFV strains. Our findings call for a reevaluation of current approaches to YFV immunological surveillance in South America and suggest approaches for updating vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Haslwanter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Gorka Lasso
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | | | - Nathália Dias Furtado
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lidiane Menezes Souza Raphael
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexandra L Tse
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Stephanie Stransky
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Núria Pedreño-Lopez
- Department of Pathology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Carolina Argondizo Correia
- Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica e Alergia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, 01246-903 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vivian I Avelino-Silva
- Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, 01246-903 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - David I Watkins
- Department of Pathology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Esper G Kallas
- Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, 01246-903 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simone Sidoli
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Laura M Walker
- Adimab, LLC, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA; Adagio Therapeutics Inc., Waltham, MA 02451, USA
| | - Myrna C Bonaldo
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Kartik Chandran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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25
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Katzelnick LC, Escoto AC, Huang AT, Garcia-Carreras B, Chowdhury N, Berry IM, Chavez C, Buchy P, Duong V, Dussart P, Gromowski G, Macareo L, Thaisomboonsuk B, Fernandez S, Smith DJ, Jarman R, Whitehead SS, Salje H, Cummings DA. Antigenic evolution of dengue viruses over 20 years. Science 2021; 374:999-1004. [PMID: 34793238 PMCID: PMC8693836 DOI: 10.1126/science.abk0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Infection with one of dengue viruses 1 to 4 (DENV1-4) induces protective antibodies against homotypic infection. However, a notable feature of dengue viruses is the ability to use preexisting heterotypic antibodies to infect Fcγ receptor–bearing immune cells, leading to higher viral load and immunopathological events that augment disease. We tracked the antigenic dynamics of each DENV serotype by using 1944 sequenced isolates from Bangkok, Thailand, between 1994 and 2014 (348 strains), in comparison with regional and global DENV antigenic diversity (64 strains). Over the course of 20 years, the Thailand DENV serotypes gradually evolved away from one another. However, for brief periods, the serotypes increased in similarity, with corresponding changes in epidemic magnitude. Antigenic evolution within a genotype involved a trade-off between two types of antigenic change (within-serotype and between-serotype), whereas genotype replacement resulted in antigenic change away from all serotypes. These findings provide insights into theorized dynamics in antigenic evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah C. Katzelnick
- Department of Biology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States
| | - Ana Coello Escoto
- Department of Biology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States
| | - Angkana T. Huang
- Department of Biology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Bernardo Garcia-Carreras
- Department of Biology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
| | - Nayeem Chowdhury
- Department of Biology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
| | - Irina Maljkovic Berry
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, United States
| | - Chris Chavez
- Department of Biology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
| | - Philippe Buchy
- GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) Vaccines, 637421 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Veasna Duong
- Institut Pasteur in Cambodia, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur, Phnom Penh 12201, Cambodia
| | - Philippe Dussart
- Institut Pasteur in Cambodia, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur, Phnom Penh 12201, Cambodia
| | - Gregory Gromowski
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, United States
| | - Louis Macareo
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Butsaya Thaisomboonsuk
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Stefan Fernandez
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Derek J. Smith
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Jarman
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, United States
| | - Stephen S. Whitehead
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, United States
| | - Henrik Salje
- Department of Biology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, United Kingdom
| | - Derek A.T. Cummings
- Department of Biology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
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26
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Chen RE, Smith BK, Errico JM, Gordon DN, Winkler ES, VanBlargan LA, Desai C, Handley SA, Dowd KA, Amaro-Carambot E, Cardosa MJ, Sariol CA, Kallas EG, Sékaly RP, Vasilakis N, Fremont DH, Whitehead SS, Pierson TC, Diamond MS. Implications of a highly divergent dengue virus strain for cross-neutralization, protection, and vaccine immunity. Cell Host Microbe 2021; 29:1634-1648.e5. [PMID: 34610295 PMCID: PMC8595868 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Although divergent dengue viruses (DENVs) have been isolated in insects, nonhuman primates, and humans, their relationships to the four canonical serotypes (DENV 1-4) are poorly understood. One virus isolated from a dengue patient, DKE-121, falls between genotype and serotype levels of sequence divergence to DENV-4. To examine its antigenic relationship to DENV-4, we assessed serum neutralizing and protective activity. Whereas DENV-4-immune mouse sera neutralize DKE-121 infection, DKE-121-immune sera inhibit DENV-4 less efficiently. Passive transfer of DENV-4 or DKE-121-immune sera protects mice against homologous, but not heterologous, DENV-4 or DKE-121 challenge. Antigenic cartography suggests that DENV-4 and DKE-121 are related but antigenically distinct. However, DENV-4 vaccination confers protection against DKE-121 in nonhuman primates, and serum from humans immunized with a tetravalent vaccine neutralize DENV-4 and DKE-121 infection equivalently. As divergent DENV strains, such as DKE-121, may meet criteria for serotype distinction, monitoring their capacity to impact dengue disease and vaccine efficacy appears warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita E Chen
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA; Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA
| | - Brittany K Smith
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA
| | - John M Errico
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA
| | - David N Gordon
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-9806, USA
| | - Emma S Winkler
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA; Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA
| | - Laura A VanBlargan
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA
| | - Chandni Desai
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA
| | - Scott A Handley
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA
| | - Kimberly A Dowd
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-9806, USA
| | - Emerito Amaro-Carambot
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-9806, USA
| | - M Jane Cardosa
- Institute of Health and Community Medicine, Universiti Sarawak Malaysia (UNIMAS), Kota Samarahan, Sarawak 94300, Malaysia; Integrated Research Associates, San Rafael, CA 94903, USA
| | - Carlos A Sariol
- Unit of Comparative Medicine, Caribbean Primate Research Center, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00936-5067, USA
| | - Esper G Kallas
- Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Rafick-Pierre Sékaly
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Nikos Vasilakis
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Daved H Fremont
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA; The Andrew M. Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology & Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA
| | - Stephen S Whitehead
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-9806, USA
| | - Theodore C Pierson
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-9806, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA; Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA; The Andrew M. Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology & Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA; Center for Vaccines and Immunity to Microbial Pathogens, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA.
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27
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Gowri Sankar S, Mowna Sundari T, Alwin Prem Anand A. Emergence of Dengue 4 as Dominant Serotype During 2017 Outbreak in South India and Associated Cytokine Expression Profile. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:681937. [PMID: 34447698 PMCID: PMC8382982 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.681937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, which is fatal if untreated symptomatically. Emergence of new genotype within serotypes led to enhanced severity. The objective of the study is to identify the molecular characteristics of the DENV circulated during 2017 outbreak in Tamil Nadu, India, and to investigate the role of inflammatory cytokines in different “serotypes” and in “dengue severity”. A total of 135 suspected samples were tested for DENV infection using IgM, IgG, and qPCR assay; where 76 samples were positive for DENV and analyzed for 12 inflammatory cytokines using ELISA. Serotyping shows 14 DENV-1, 22 DENV-2, 7 DENV-3, and 33 DENV-4, where DENV-4 was predominant. Among 76, 42 isolates were successfully sequenced for C-prM region and grouped. A lineage shift was observed in DENV-4 genotype. Irrespective of serotypes, IFNγ was significantly elevated in all serotypes than control as well as in primary infection than secondary, indicating its role in immune response. GM-CSF and IP-10 were significantly elevated in secondary infection and could be used as prognostic biomarkers for secondary infection. Our observation shows differential cytokine expression profile varied with each serotype, indicating serotype/genotype-specific viral proteins might play a major role in dengue severity. DENV-4 as dominant serotype was reported in Tamil Nadu for the first time during an outbreak with a mixed Th1/Th17 cytokine expression profile that correlated with disease severity. We conclude it is essential to identify circulating viral genotype and their fitness by mutational analysis to correlate with disease severity and immune status, as this correlation will be helpful in diagnostics and therapeutics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gowri Sankar
- Department of Molecular Biology, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-Vector Control Research Center - Field Station, Madurai, India
| | - T Mowna Sundari
- Department of Biotechnology - Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facilities (DBT-BIF) Centre (Under DBT Biotechnology Information System Network (BTISNet) Scheme), Lady Doak College, Madurai, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Madurai, India
| | - A Alwin Prem Anand
- Institute of Clinical Anatomy and Cell Analysis, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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28
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Alagarasu K, Patil JA, Kakade MB, More AM, Yogesh B, Newase P, Jadhav SM, Parashar D, Kaur H, Gupta N, Vijay N, Narayan J, Shah PS. Serotype and genotype diversity of dengue viruses circulating in India: a multi-centre retrospective study involving the Virus Research Diagnostic Laboratory Network in 2018. Int J Infect Dis 2021; 111:242-252. [PMID: 34428547 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A retrospective study was undertaken to investigate the circulating dengue virus (DENV) serotypes and genotypes in India in 2018. METHODS In total, 4963 samples referred to virus research diagnostic laboratories (n=21), the Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology (ICMR-NIV) and ICMR-NIV field units (n=2) for diagnosis of dengue in 2018 were tested using a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay for the presence of DENV serotypes. Representative samples were sequenced for the envelope (E) gene. RESULTS Regional diversity was observed with regard to the dominant circulating serotypes. DENV-2 was found to be the most common serotype in many states. Thrombocytopenia, petechiae and malaise were associated with DENV-2 infection. Phylogenetic analyses of DENV E gene sequences revealed the circulation of genotypes I and V of DENV-1, two lineages of DENV-2 genotype IV, DENV-3 genotype III and DENV-4 genotype I. CONCLUSIONS This study found regional differences in the prevalence of circulating DENV serotypes in India, and provides baseline data for continuous molecular surveillance. Molecular surveillance may have implications for predicting large-scale outbreaks of dengue if regional shifts in the predominantly circulating serotypes and genotypes are detected during the early phase of the dengue season.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Alagarasu
- Dengue and Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
| | - J A Patil
- Dengue and Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - M B Kakade
- Dengue and Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - A M More
- Dengue and Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - B Yogesh
- Dengue and Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - P Newase
- Dengue and Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - S M Jadhav
- Dengue and Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - D Parashar
- Dengue and Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - H Kaur
- Virology Unit, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - N Gupta
- Virology Unit, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - N Vijay
- Virology Unit, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - J Narayan
- Virology Unit, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - P S Shah
- Dengue and Chikungunya Group, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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29
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Yuan F, Wang L. Genotyping atypical porcine pestivirus using NS5a. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2021; 92:104866. [PMID: 33872785 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) is an emerging virus discovered in 2014 and it can cause congenital tremors in pigs. Molecular epidemiology serves as an essential tool in monitoring and controlling the disease. Virus epidemiology mainly relies on genome sequencing and phylogenetic characterization. Previous molecular epidemiology studies have been using different genes/regions for phylogeny, namely whole genome, Npro, and E2 coding sequences. However, with increasing number of APPV sequences available in GenBank, no systemic studies have been performed for detailed classification of APPV strains around the globe. The goal of this study is to propose a classification strategy or taxonomy of APPV strains at genotype, subgenotype, and isolate levels. A total of 76 whole genomes and 16 partial polyprotein coding sequences were analyzed for genetic variability and suitability of all individual genes for viral phylogenies. Our results revealed that, among all the viral genes, NS5a coding sequences were proved to be the most suitable alternative for tracing APPV strains supported by its capability of reproducing the same phylogenetic and evolutionary information as the whole viral genome did. Also, a reliable cutoff to accurately classify APPV at different levels is established. We propose a genotyping scheme with three well-defined genotypes (1-3) and 7 subgenotypes for genotype 1 (1.1-1.7). For whole genome analysis, a threshold value of 84%-91% pairwise identity allows separation of all APPV subgenotypes, whereas 80% identity clearly segregate the three major APPV genotypes. For NS5a gene analysis, 82%-91% identity allows subgenotype separation and 76% identity segregate APPV genotypes. Additionally, genetic distance of whole genome exhibits ≤8% in isolate level, 9%-14% in subgenotype level, and 17%-22% in genotype level, while for NS5a encoding sequences the genetic distance displays ≤9% in isolate level, 9.9%-19.1% in subgenotype level, and 21.6%-29.7% in genotype level. These allow a clear segregation among APPV genotypes, subgenotypes, and isolates. Therefore, the proposed strategy in this study provides a solid and improved basis for molecular phylogenetics to understand APPV genetic diversity, trace the origins and control the spread of new disease outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfeng Yuan
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Leyi Wang
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
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30
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Norman FF, Henríquez-Camacho C, Díaz-Menendez M, Chamorro S, Pou D, Molina I, Goikoetxea J, Rodríguez-Guardado A, Calabuig E, Crespillo C, Oliveira I, Pérez-Molina JA, López-Velez R. Imported Arbovirus Infections in Spain, 2009-2018. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 26:658-666. [PMID: 32186486 PMCID: PMC7101102 DOI: 10.3201/eid2604.190443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of patients in Spain with imported arbovirus infections, we analyzed 22,655 records from a collaborative network for January 2009-December 2018. Among 861 arbovirus infections, 845 were monoinfections (456 [53%] dengue, 280 [32.5%] chikungunya, 109 [12.7%] Zika) and 16 (1.8%) were co-infections. Most patients were travelers (56.3%) or immigrants returning to Spain after visiting friends or relatives (31.3%). Median patient age was 37 years; most (62.3%) were women and some (28.6%) had received pretravel advice. Only 12 patients were immunosuppressed. Six cases (all dengue monoinfections, none in immunosuppressed patients) were severe. Since 2014, nondengue arbovirus infections increased; until 2016, chikungunya and Zika were most common. Imported arbovirus infections (mostly dengue) were frequently diagnosed, although increased chikungunya and Zika virus infections coincided with their introduction and spread in the Americas. A large proportion of cases occurred in women of childbearing age, some despite receipt of pretravel advice.
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31
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Cabral AD, Oliveira LPRD, Molina JSTDO, Carmo AMDS, Suzuki RB, Oliveira CMD, Martins LPA, Prudencio CR, Eterovic A, Sperança MA. Epidemiological and genetic aspects of the largest dengue outbreak recorded in 2015 in Southeastern Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2021; 63:e17. [PMID: 33787737 PMCID: PMC7997670 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202163017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus, the etiological agent of dengue fever (DF) occurs in four
genetically distinct serotypes (DENV1-4), being transmitted by female
Aedes mosquitoes. DF incidence is increasing in Brazil,
following vector dispersal, proliferation and DENV serotypes introduction,
co-circulation and substitution. Medium- and small-sized cities in Sao Paulo
State, such as Marilia (Midwest region), have been affected by huge epidemics.
To understand the evolution of DENV epidemics in medium-sized cities, in this
study a historical data on DENV incidence (2000-2015) in Marilia, was evaluated.
Previous studies disclosed regional and specific DF outcomes associated with
2007 outbreak in that city, when co-circulating DENV1 and DENV3 presented
different hematological profiles. In this study, characteristics of 2007 DENV
epidemics were compared to the epidemiological, hematological and demographic
outlines of the major outbreak of DENV1 in Marilia in 2015. DENV1 genetic
diversity was assessed through capsid and pre-membrane junction encoding gene
(CprM) sequencing. The results revealed circulation of DENV1 serotype from 2007
to 2015, with epidemics occurring every three-years until 2013 and then,
increasing yearly. There were significant differences in hematological profiles
of DENV1 patients between 2015 and 2007. CprM showed DENV1 genetic variability
in 2015, contrasting with the unique sequence pattern in 2007. These results
reinforce the regional and temporal characteristics of DENV epidemics that need
local public health research to improve care for people and to limit the spread
of new serotypes/genotypes to uninfected areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Diniz Cabral
- Universidade Federal do ABC, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Centro de Imunologia, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Andreia Moreira Dos Santos Carmo
- Universidade Federal do ABC, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto Adolfo Lutz; Centro de Laboratório Regional VIII, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Buzinaro Suzuki
- Universidade Federal do ABC, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina de Marilia, Disciplina de Parasitologia, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil.,Universidade de Marilia, Faculdade de Medicina, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - André Eterovic
- Universidade Federal do ABC, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcia Aparecida Sperança
- Universidade Federal do ABC, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil
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32
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Nivarthi UK, Swanstrom J, Delacruz MJ, Patel B, Durbin AP, Whitehead SS, Kirkpatrick BD, Pierce KK, Diehl SA, Katzelnick L, Baric RS, de Silva AM. A tetravalent live attenuated dengue virus vaccine stimulates balanced immunity to multiple serotypes in humans. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1102. [PMID: 33597521 PMCID: PMC7889627 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21384-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The four-dengue virus (DENV) serotypes infect several hundred million people annually. For the greatest safety and efficacy, tetravalent DENV vaccines are designed to stimulate balanced protective immunity to all four serotypes. However, this has been difficult to achieve. Clinical trials with a leading vaccine demonstrated that unbalanced replication and immunodominance of one vaccine component over others can lead to low efficacy and vaccine enhanced severe disease. The Laboratory of Infectious Diseases at the National Institutes of Health has developed a live attenuated tetravalent DENV vaccine (TV003), which is currently being tested in phase 3 clinical trials. Here we report, our study to determine if TV003 stimulate balanced and serotype-specific (TS) neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses to each serotype. Serum samples from twenty-one dengue-naive individuals participated under study protocol CIR287 (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02021968) are analyzed 6 months after vaccination. Most subjects (76%) develop TS nAbs to 3 or 4 DENV serotypes, indicating immunity is induced by each vaccine component. Vaccine-induced TS nAbs map to epitopes known to be targets of nAbs in people infected with wild type DENVs. Following challenge with a partially attenuated strain of DENV2, all 21 subjects are protected from the efficacy endpoints. However, some vaccinated individuals develop post challenge nAb boost, while others mount post-challenge antibody responses that are consistent with sterilizing immunity. TV003 vaccine induced DENV2 TS nAbs are associated with sterilizing immunity. Our results indicate that nAbs to TS epitopes on each serotype may be a better correlate than total levels of nAbs currently used for guiding DENV vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usha K Nivarthi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jesica Swanstrom
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Matthew J Delacruz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bhumi Patel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Anna P Durbin
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steve S Whitehead
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Beth D Kirkpatrick
- Vaccine Testing Center, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Kristen K Pierce
- Vaccine Testing Center, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Sean A Diehl
- Vaccine Testing Center, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
| | | | - Ralph S Baric
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Aravinda M de Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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33
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Young E, Carnahan RH, Andrade DV, Kose N, Nargi RS, Fritch EJ, Munt JE, Doyle MP, White L, Baric TJ, Stoops M, DeSilva A, Tse LV, Martinez DR, Zhu D, Metz S, Wong MP, Espinosa DA, Montoya M, Biering SB, Sukulpolvi-Petty S, Kuan G, Balmaseda A, Diamond MS, Harris E, Crowe JE, Baric RS. Identification of Dengue Virus Serotype 3 Specific Antigenic Sites Targeted by Neutralizing Human Antibodies. Cell Host Microbe 2021; 27:710-724.e7. [PMID: 32407709 PMCID: PMC7309352 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The rational design of dengue virus (DENV) vaccines requires a detailed understanding of the molecular basis for antibody-mediated immunity. The durably protective antibody response to DENV after primary infection is serotype specific. However, there is an incomplete understanding of the antigenic determinants for DENV type-specific (TS) antibodies, especially for DENV serotype 3, which has only one well-studied, strongly neutralizing human monoclonal antibody (mAb). Here, we investigated the human B cell response in children after natural DENV infection in the endemic area of Nicaragua and isolated 15 DENV3 TS mAbs recognizing the envelope (E) glycoprotein. Functional epitope mapping of these mAbs and small animal prophylaxis studies revealed a complex landscape with protective epitopes clustering in at least 6-7 antigenic sites. Potently neutralizing TS mAbs recognized sites principally in E glycoprotein domains I and II, and patterns suggest frequent recognition of quaternary structures on the surface of viral particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Young
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Robert H Carnahan
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Daniela V Andrade
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Nurgun Kose
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Rachel S Nargi
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ethan J Fritch
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer E Munt
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michael P Doyle
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Laura White
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Thomas J Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mark Stoops
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Aravinda DeSilva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Longping V Tse
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - David R Martinez
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Deanna Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Stefan Metz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Marcus P Wong
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Diego A Espinosa
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Magelda Montoya
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Scott B Biering
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Soila Sukulpolvi-Petty
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Guillermina Kuan
- Health Center Sócrates Flores Vivas, Ministry of Health, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Angel Balmaseda
- National Virology Laboratory, National Center for Diagnosis and Reference, Ministry of Health, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Eva Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - James E Crowe
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Ralph S Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Dengue Vaccines: The Promise and Pitfalls of Antibody-Mediated Protection. Cell Host Microbe 2021; 29:13-22. [PMID: 33444553 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
More than 390 million human dengue virus (DENV) infections occur each year, worldwide. Dengvaxia, a live-virus tetravalent vaccine from Sanofi Pasteur, was recently approved for human clinical use, although vaccine performance against the four DENV serotypes is highly variable. Other dengue vaccines in advanced clinical testing also demonstrate variability in efficacy. In this review, we outline the benefits and challenges of developing a safe, effective, and balanced DENV vaccine that can provide uniform protection against all four serotypes. Even though T cell biology plays an important role in establishing protective immunity, this review focuses on B cell responses. We discuss the leading dengue vaccine candidates and review the specificity of antibody responses and the known immune correlates of protection against DENV infection. A better understanding of immune correlates of protection against DENV infection will inform the development of a vaccine that can provide long-term, uniform protection.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The induction of a functional immune response against the four viral serotypes is one of the premises for an effective vaccine against Dengue virus. This is challenging since the immunization with four antigens leads to immunologic phenomena such as antigen interference, immuno-dominance, and tolerance. Moreover, the four serotypes have intrinsic features that impact the outcome after the immunization with a tetravalent formulation. AREAS COVERED This work reviews the main studies evidencing the differences between Dengue virus 4 and the rest of the serotypes. We address some peculiarities of this virus and discuss which factors could explain the heterogeneous response achieved after the immune evaluation of tetravalent formulations. EXPERT OPINION The low immunogenicity associated with serotype 4 could slow down the development of a vaccine against Dengue virus. Achieving similar levels of neutralizing antibodies against the four serotypes has been the goal of many vaccine developers. However, this does not need to be seen as a mandatory dogma. High levels of efficacy against Dengue virus 4 could be reached even if it shows the lowest neutralizing antibody titers among the viral complex. Studies on the efficacy of vaccines, currently in phase III clinical trials, should shed light on this concern in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lazo
- Vaccine Department, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Havana , Havana, Cuba
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Antigenic Variation of the Dengue Virus 2 Genotypes Impacts the Neutralization Activity of Human Antibodies in Vaccinees. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108226. [PMID: 33027653 PMCID: PMC7583086 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infects an estimated 390 million people each year worldwide. As tetravalent DENV vaccines have variable efficacy against DENV serotype 2 (DENV2), we evaluated the role of genetic diversity within the pre-membrane (prM) and envelope (E) proteins of DENV2 on vaccine performance. We generated a recombinant DENV2 genotype variant panel with contemporary prM and E isolates that are representative of global genetic diversity. The DENV2 genotype variants differ in growth kinetics, morphology, and virion stability. Importantly, the DENV2 genotypic variants are differentially neutralized by monoclonal antibodies, polyclonal serum neutralizing antibodies from DENV2-infected human subjects, and vaccine-elicited antibody responses from the TV003 NIH DENV2 monovalent and DENV tetravalent vaccines. We conclude that DENV2 prM and E genetic diversity significantly modulates antibody neutralization activity. These findings have important implications for dengue vaccines, which are being developed under the assumption that intraserotype variation has minimal impact on neutralizing antibodies. Martinez et al. demonstrate that dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV2) genetic variation modulates neutralizing antibody activity from infection and vaccination. This observation underlines that genotypic variation impacts dengue virus 2 evasion from humoral immunity, suggesting that intraserotype genotypic variation should be considered in designing dengue vaccines.
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Dengue Virus Serotype 4 Is Responsible for the Outbreak of Dengue in East Java City of Jember, Indonesia. Viruses 2020; 12:v12090913. [PMID: 32825262 PMCID: PMC7551817 DOI: 10.3390/v12090913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks of dengue virus (DENV) in Indonesia have been mainly caused by the DENV serotype-1; -2; or -3. The DENV-4 was the least-reported serotype in Indonesia during the last five decades. We recently conducted a molecular epidemiology study of dengue in the Jember regency, East Java province, Indonesia. Dengue is endemic in the region and outbreaks occur annually. We investigated the clinical characteristics and etiology of dengue-like febrile illness in this regency to understand the disease dynamics. A total of 191 patients with clinical symptoms similar to dengue were recruited during an 11-month study in 2019-2020. Children accounted for the majority of cases and dengue burden was estimated in 41.4% of the cases based on NS1 antigen, viral RNA, and IgG/IgM antibody detection with the majority (73.4%) being primary infections. Secondary infection was significantly associated with a higher risk of severe dengue manifestation. All four DENV serotypes were detected in Jember. Strikingly, we observed the predominance of DENV-4, followed by DENV-3, DENV-1, and DENV-2. Genotype determination using Envelope gene sequence revealed the classification into Genotype I, Cosmopolitan Genotype, Genotype I, and Genotype II for DENV-1, -2, -3, and -4, respectively. The predominance of DENV-4 in Jember may be associated with a new wave of DENV infections and spread in a non-immune population lacking a herd-immunity to this particular serotype.
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Dash RN, Moharana AK, Subudhi BB. Sulfonamides: Antiviral Strategy for Neglected Tropical Disease Virus. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824999200515094100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The viral infections are a threat to the health system around the globe. Although
more than 60 antiviral drugs have been approved by the FDA, most of them are for the
management of few viruses like HIV, Hepatitis and Influenza. There is no antiviral for
many viruses including Dengue, Chikungunya and Japanese encephalitis. Many of these
neglected viruses are increasingly becoming global pathogens. Lack of broad spectrum of
action and the rapid rise of resistance and cross-resistance to existing antiviral have further
increased the challenge of antiviral development. Sulfonamide, as a privileged scaffold,
has been capitalized to develop several bioactive compounds and drugs. Accordingly, several
reviews have been published in recent times on bioactive sulfonamides. However,
there are not enough review reports of antiviral sulfonamides in the last five years. Sulfonamides
scaffolds have received sufficient attention for the development of non- nucleoside antivirals following
the emergence of cross-resistance to nucleoside inhibitors. Hybridization of bioactive pharmacophores
with sulfonamides has been used as a strategy to develop sulfonamide antivirals. This review is an effort to
analyze these attempts and evaluate their translational potential. Parameters including potency (IC50), toxicity
(CC50) and selectivity (CC50/IC50) have been used in this report to suggest the potential of sulfonamide derivatives
to progress further as antiviral. Since most of these antiviral properties are based on the in vitro results,
the drug-likeness of molecules has been predicted to propose in vivo potential. The structure-activity relationship
has been analyzed to encourage further optimization of antiviral properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudra Narayan Dash
- Drug Development and Analysis Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar-751029, Odisha, India
| | - Alok Kumar Moharana
- Drug Development and Analysis Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar-751029, Odisha, India
| | - Bharat Bhusan Subudhi
- Drug Development and Analysis Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar-751029, Odisha, India
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Nix CD, Salberg J, Coulter FJ, Kareko BW, Lyski ZL, Booty BL, Messer WB. Potency and breadth of human primary ZIKV immune sera shows that Zika viruses cluster antigenically as a single serotype. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008006. [PMID: 32282800 PMCID: PMC7213746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) emerged as a global public health threat throughout the Americas since 2014. Phylogenetically, the virus is composed of three main lineages, an African, Asian, and American lineage. The recent emergence and spread of ZIKV has raised questions regarding the breadth and potency of human primary ZIKV immune sera against antigenically diverse ZIKV. Although ZIKV is thought to compose a single antigenic serotype, in-depth evaluation of the antigenic relatedness of ZIKV across genetic variants has been limited to a relatively small series of early convalescent human immune sera (4-12 weeks) against a limited number (3) of genetic variants. Using virus neutralization assays, we characterize the potency and breadth of twelve primary ZIKV immune sera from adults infected 5 to 38 months previously against a panel of 11 ZIKV isolates from the African, Asian and American lineages. We assess the variability of neutralization potency of immune sera from these subjects and the variability of susceptibility to neutralization for each virus isolate. Overall, we found all sera neutralized all viruses at FRNT50 ranging from 1:271 to 1:4271, a 15.8-fold range, with only small differences between subject geometric mean titers (GMT) against all viruses and small differences between each ZIKV isolate and sensitivity to neutralization by all sera: when pooled, African strains were 1.3-fold more sensitive to neutralization by subject immune sera compared to pooled American strains. Finally, we subjected our data to analysis using antigenic cartography, finding that ZIKV are highly antigenically similar, with only a ~4-fold range across all antigenic distances between viruses, consistent with a single serotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad D. Nix
- Dept. of Infection Prevention and Control, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- Dept. of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Salberg
- Dept. of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Felicity J. Coulter
- Dept. of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Bettie W. Kareko
- Dept. of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Zoe L. Lyski
- Dept. of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Brian L. Booty
- Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
| | - William B. Messer
- Dept. of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- Dept. of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
- Program in Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University–Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, Oregon, United States of America
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Serotype‐specific differences in the laboratory parameters among hospitalized children with dengue and genetic diversity of dengue viruses circulating in Tamil Nadu, India during 2017. J Med Virol 2019; 92:1013-1022. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Aragão CF, Pinheiro VCS, Nunes Neto JP, da Silva EVP, Pereira GJG, do Nascimento BLS, Castro KDS, Maia AM, Catete CP, Martins LC, Tadei WP, da Silva SP, Cruz ACR. Natural Infection of Aedes aegypti by Chikungunya and Dengue type 2 Virus in a Transition Area of North-Northeast Brazil. Viruses 2019; 11:E1126. [PMID: 31817553 PMCID: PMC6949906 DOI: 10.3390/v11121126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever, chikungunya, and Zika are diseases caused by viruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. In Brazil, the number of human infections is high, but few studies are performed in mosquito vectors. This study aimed to investigate the presence of Zika, Dengue and Chikungunya viruses in Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus from the municipalities of Alto Alegre, Caxias, Codó, and São Mateus do Maranhão, located in the state of Maranhão, Northeast Brazil. The mosquitoes were collected with a mechanical aspirator, identified, triturated, and then submitted to RNA extraction and RT-qPCR. The positive samples were confirmed by virus isolation and genome sequencing. Three hundred and forty-eight Ae. aegypti (176 males and 172 females) and 12 Ae. albopictus (eight males and four females) were collected and tested. Ae. aegypti was the only vector positive in two municipalities-Codó, with detection of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) belonging to the East-Central-South African genotype, and in Caxias, with detection of Dengue virus (DENV)-2 belonging to the Asian/American genotype. The detection of CHIKV and DENV-2 is evidence that those viruses are maintained in arthropod vectors, and shows the epidemiological risk in the area for chikungunya cases and a possible increase of severe dengue cases, associated with the occurrence of dengue hemorrhagic fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Fortes Aragão
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia dos Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil;
| | - Valéria Cristina Soares Pinheiro
- Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Centro de Estudos Superiores de Caxias, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Caxias, MA 65604-380, Brazil;
| | - Joaquim Pinto Nunes Neto
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância e Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, PA 67030-000, Brazil; (J.P.N.N.); (E.V.P.d.S.); (G.J.G.P.); (B.L.S.d.N.); (L.C.M.); (S.P.d.S.)
| | - Eliana Vieira Pinto da Silva
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância e Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, PA 67030-000, Brazil; (J.P.N.N.); (E.V.P.d.S.); (G.J.G.P.); (B.L.S.d.N.); (L.C.M.); (S.P.d.S.)
| | - Glennda Juscely Galvão Pereira
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância e Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, PA 67030-000, Brazil; (J.P.N.N.); (E.V.P.d.S.); (G.J.G.P.); (B.L.S.d.N.); (L.C.M.); (S.P.d.S.)
| | - Bruna Laís Sena do Nascimento
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância e Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, PA 67030-000, Brazil; (J.P.N.N.); (E.V.P.d.S.); (G.J.G.P.); (B.L.S.d.N.); (L.C.M.); (S.P.d.S.)
| | - Karoline da Silva Castro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária na Amazônia, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, PA 66087-670, Brazil; (K.d.S.C.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Ariadne Mendonça Maia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária na Amazônia, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, PA 66087-670, Brazil; (K.d.S.C.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Clistenes Pamplona Catete
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância e Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, PA 67030-000, Brazil;
| | - Lívia Carício Martins
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância e Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, PA 67030-000, Brazil; (J.P.N.N.); (E.V.P.d.S.); (G.J.G.P.); (B.L.S.d.N.); (L.C.M.); (S.P.d.S.)
| | - Wanderli Pedro Tadei
- Laboratório de Malária e Dengue, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, CEP 69060-001, Manaus - AM, Brazil;
| | - Sandro Patroca da Silva
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância e Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, PA 67030-000, Brazil; (J.P.N.N.); (E.V.P.d.S.); (G.J.G.P.); (B.L.S.d.N.); (L.C.M.); (S.P.d.S.)
| | - Ana Cecília Ribeiro Cruz
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigilância e Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Ananindeua, PA 67030-000, Brazil; (J.P.N.N.); (E.V.P.d.S.); (G.J.G.P.); (B.L.S.d.N.); (L.C.M.); (S.P.d.S.)
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Tracking the polyclonal neutralizing antibody response to a dengue virus serotype 1 type-specific epitope across two populations in Asia and the Americas. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16258. [PMID: 31700029 PMCID: PMC6838341 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52511-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The four dengue virus serotypes (DENV1-4) cause major public health problems worldwide. Highly neutralizing type-specific human monoclonal antibodies (hmAbs) target conformation-dependent epitopes on the DENV envelope protein, including 1F4, a DENV1 type-specific hmAb. Using a recombinant DENV2 virus displaying the DENV1 1F4 epitope (rDENV2/1), we measured the proportion and kinetics of DENV1 neutralizing antibodies targeting the 1F4 epitope in individuals living in Asia and the Americas where different DENV1 genotypes were circulating. Samples from 20 individuals were analyzed 3 and 18 months post-primary DENV1 infection, alongside samples from 4 individuals collected annually for four years post-primary DENV1 infection, from two studies in Nicaragua. We also analyzed convalescent post-primary DENV1 plasma samples from Sri Lankan individuals. We found that neutralizing antibodies recognizing the 1F4 epitope vary in prevalence across both populations and were detected from 20 days to four years post-infection. Additionally, both populations displayed substantial variability, with a range of high to low proportions of DENV1 type-specific neutralizing antibodies recognizing the 1F4 epitope seen across individuals. Thus, the 1F4 epitope is a major but not exclusive target of type-specific neutralizing antibodies post-primary infection with different DENV1 genotypes in Asia and Latin America, and additional epitopes likely contribute to type-specific neutralization of DENV1.
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Abstract
This is a selective review of recent publications on dengue clinical features, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and vaccine development placed in a context of observations made over the past half century. Four dengue viruses (DENVs) are transmitted by urban cycle mosquitoes causing diseases whose nature and severity are influenced by interacting factors such as virus, age, immune status of the host, and human genetic variability. A phenomenon that controls the kinetics of DENV infection, antibody-dependent enhancement, best explains the correlation of the vascular permeability syndrome with second heterotypic DENV infections and infection in the presence of passively acquired antibodies. Based on growing evidence in vivo and in vitro, the tissue-damaging DENV non-structural protein 1 (NS1) is responsible for most of the pathophysiological features of severe dengue. This review considers the contribution of hemophagocytic histiocytosis syndrome to cases of severe dengue, the role of movement of humans in dengue epidemiology, and modeling and planning control programs and describes a country-wide survey for dengue infections in Bangladesh and efforts to learn what controls the clinical outcome of dengue infections. Progress and problems with three tetravalent live-attenuated vaccines are reviewed. Several research mysteries remain: why is the risk of severe disease during second heterotypic DENV infection so low, why is the onset of vascular permeability correlated with defervescence, and what are the crucial components of protective immunity?
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Halstead
- Emeritus Professor, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
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Cabral-Miranda G, Lim SM, Mohsen MO, Pobelov IV, Roesti ES, Heath MD, Skinner MA, Kramer MF, Martina BEE, Bachmann MF. Zika Virus-Derived E-DIII Protein Displayed on Immunologically Optimized VLPs Induces Neutralizing Antibodies without Causing Enhancement of Dengue Virus Infection. Vaccines (Basel) 2019; 7:vaccines7030072. [PMID: 31340594 PMCID: PMC6789886 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines7030072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus similar to Dengue virus (DENV) in terms of transmission and clinical manifestations, and usually both viruses are found to co-circulate. ZIKV is usually transmitted by mosquitoes bites, but may also be transmitted by blood transfusion, via the maternal–foetal route, and sexually. After 2015, when the most extensive outbreak of ZIKV had occurred in Brazil and subsequently spread throughout the rest of South America, it became evident that ZIKV infection during the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with microcephaly and other neurological complications in newborns. As a result, the development of a vaccine against ZIKV became an urgent goal. A major issue with DENV vaccines, and therefore likely also with ZIKV vaccines, is the induction of antibodies that fail to neutralize the virus properly and cause antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of the infection instead. It has previously been shown that antibodies against the third domain of the envelope protein (EDIII) induces optimally neutralizing antibodies with no evidence for ADE for other viral strains. Therefore, we generated a ZIKV vaccine based on the EDIII domain displayed on the immunologically optimized Cucumber mosaic virus (CuMVtt) derived virus-like particles (VLPs) formulated in dioleoyl phosphatidylserine (DOPS) as adjuvant. The vaccine induced high levels of specific IgG after a single injection. The antibodies were able to neutralise ZIKV without enhancing infection by DENV in vitro. Thus, the here described vaccine based on EDIII displayed on VLPs was able to stimulate production of antibodies specifically neutralizing ZIKV without potentially enhancing disease caused by DENV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Cabral-Miranda
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Physiology (CCMP), University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK.
- Immunology, RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Stephanie M Lim
- Artemis Bio-Support, Molengraaffsingel, 2629 Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mona O Mohsen
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Physiology (CCMP), University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK
- Immunology, RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ilya V Pobelov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Elisa S Roesti
- Immunology, RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Byron E E Martina
- Artemis Bio-Support, Molengraaffsingel, 2629 Delft, The Netherlands
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin F Bachmann
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Physiology (CCMP), University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK.
- Immunology, RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
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Sharmila PF, Vanathy K, Rajamani B, Kaliaperumal V, Dhodapkar R. Emergence of dengue virus 4 as the predominant serotype during the outbreak of 2017 in South India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2019; 37:393-400. [PMID: 32003339 DOI: 10.4103/ijmm.ijmm_19_338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Context Dengue virus (DENV) causes acute febrile illness in tropical and subtropical countries. In India there is a steady increase in incidence since 1950s which could be attributed to emergence of new serotype or lineage\clade shifts in circulating DENV. Aims We aimed to perform molecular characterisation and phylogenetic analysis on samples from the recent outbreak (August-October 2017). Settings and Design Retrospective epidemiological analysis of dengue outbreak. Subjects and Methods Samples positive for non-steroidal 1 antigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (n = 147) were included. The study was approved by our institute ethics committee (JIP/IEC/2018/496). Five hundred and eleven base pair of capsid and pre-membrane encoding genes (CprM) region was amplified using Lanciotti primers, followed by second round of polymerase chain reaction using serotype specific primers. Samples which were positive by second round (n = 68) were sequenced and genotyped using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool analysis and phylogenetic tree was constructed by MEGA7 software. Results Phylogenetic analysis of CprM sequences identified all 4 serotypes in circulation during this outbreak. We observed both single (n = 50) and concurrent infections (n = 18), with DENV4 as the major contributor (64%). Within Genotype I of DENV4 we observed a distinct new clade (Clade E) which was 2.6% ± 0.9%-5.5% ± 1.1% divergent from the other clades. Among the concurrent infection, DENV 4 and DENV 2 combination was observed to form the majority (77.8%). Conclusions Overall this study documents the emergence of DENV4 as the major serotype in circulation, replacing DENV1, 2 and 3 which had been previously reported from Tamil Nadu and Puducherry. This substantiates the need for continuous monitoring in endemic countries like India, where such data may impact the formulation of vaccine policy for dengue.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ferdinamarie Sharmila
- Department of Microbiology, Regional Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, JIPMER, Puducherry, India
| | - K Vanathy
- Department of Microbiology, MGMCRI, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Puducherry, India
| | - Barathidasan Rajamani
- Department of Microbiology, Regional Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, JIPMER, Puducherry, India
| | - Venkatesh Kaliaperumal
- Department of Microbiology, Regional Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, JIPMER, Puducherry, India
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Nivarthi UK, Tu HA, Delacruz MJ, Swanstrom J, Patel B, Durbin AP, Whitehead SS, Pierce KK, Kirkpatrick BD, Baric RS, Nguyen N, Emerling DE, de Silva AM, Diehl SA. Longitudinal analysis of acute and convalescent B cell responses in a human primary dengue serotype 2 infection model. EBioMedicine 2019; 41:465-478. [PMID: 30857944 PMCID: PMC6444124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute viral infections induce a rapid and transient increase in antibody-secreting plasmablasts. At convalescence, memory B cells (MBC) and long-lived plasma cells (LLPC) are responsible for long-term humoral immunity. Following an acute viral infection, the specific properties and relationships between antibodies produced by these B cell compartments are poorly understood. METHODS We utilized a controlled human challenge model of primary dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV2) infection to study acute and convalescent B-cell responses. FINDINGS The level of DENV2 replication was correlated with the magnitude of the plasmablast response. Functional analysis of plasmablast-derived monoclonal antibodies showed that the DENV2-specific response was dominated by cells producing DENV2 serotype-specific antibodies. DENV2-neutralizing antibodies targeted quaternary structure epitopes centered on domain III of the viral envelope protein (EDIII). Functional analysis of MBC and serum antibodies from the same subjects six months post-challenge revealed maintenance of the serotype-specific response in both compartments. The serum response mainly targeted DENV2 serotype-specific epitopes on EDIII. INTERPRETATION Our data suggest overall functional alignment of DENV2-specific responses from the plasmablast, through the MBC and LLPC compartments following primary DENV2 inflection. These results provide enhanced resolution of the temporal and specificity of the B cell compartment in viral infection and serve as framework for evaluation of B cell responses in challenge models. FUNDING This study was supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the National Institutes of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usha K Nivarthi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Huy A Tu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA; Cellular, Molecular, and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Matthew J Delacruz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Jesica Swanstrom
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Bhumi Patel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Anna P Durbin
- Department of International Health, Center for Immunization Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Stephen S Whitehead
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kristen K Pierce
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Beth D Kirkpatrick
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Ralph S Baric
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Ngan Nguyen
- Atreca, Inc. Redwood City, California 94063, USA
| | | | - Aravinda M de Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
| | - Sean A Diehl
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
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