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Deng Y, Wang F, Wang T, Zhang X, Chen D, Wang Y, Chen C, Pan G. Research progress in the mechanisms and functions of specialized pro-resolving mediators in neurological diseases. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2024; 175:106905. [PMID: 39265777 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2024.106905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
The nervous system interacts with the immune system through a variety of cellular regulators, signaling pathways, and molecular mechanisms. Disruptions in these interactions lead to the development of multiple neurological diseases. Recent studies have identified that specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) play a regulatory role in the neuroimmune system. This study reviews recent research on the function of SPMs in the inflammatory process and their association with the nervous system. The review aims to provide new perspectives for studying the pathogenesis of neurological diseases and identify novel targets for clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510800, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Yancheng TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224000, China; Yancheng TCM Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224000, China
| | - Tianle Wang
- Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510800, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510800, China
| | - Du Chen
- Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510800, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China
| | - Chaojun Chen
- Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510800, China.
| | - Guangtao Pan
- Yancheng TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224000, China; Yancheng TCM Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224000, China.
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2
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Salehi S, Hosseinzadeh-Attar MJ, Alipoor E, Dahmardehei M, Yaseri M, Emami MR, Siadat SD. Effects of hydrolyzed collagen alone or in combination with fish oil on the gut microbiome in patients with major burns. Burns 2024; 50:444-453. [PMID: 38114377 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2023.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Burns are associated with gut dysbiosis. Collagen peptides and omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) are suggested to improve wound healing and the inflammatory response. These are also correlated with microbiome colonization. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of hydrolyzed collagen alone or in combination with fish oil on specific species of the gut microbiome in patients with major burns. In this randomized double-blind clinical trial, 57 adults (aged 18-60 years) with 20-45% total body surface area burns were randomised into three groups to receive either 40 gr hydrolyzed collagen +10 ml sunflower oil, 40 g hydrolyzed collagen +10 ml fish oil or placebo, divided into two daily drinks, for two weeks. Gut bacteria were measured using the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method. The mean concentration of Bifidobacterium was significantly reduced in the control (P = 0.002) and collagen (P = 0.005) groups compared with the baseline values, whereas no significant change was observed in the collagen omega-3 group. The Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio decreased significantly in the collagen group (p = 0.002) after supplementation compared to baseline . No significant changes in concentration of Lactobacillus, Enterobacteriaceae, and F.prausnitzii were observed between or within the study groups. Two weeks of supplementation with collagen and omega-3 FAs in patients with major burns did not result in a significant difference in the concentration of bacteria measured between the study groups. However, the addition of omega-3 FAs prevented a significant reduction in gut Bifidobacterium. Future studies are suggested to investigate the potential efficacy of these nutrients in improving the gut microbiota and clinical outcomes in major burns. REGISTRATION NUMBER: IRCT20131125015536N9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Salehi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Hosseinzadeh-Attar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Elham Alipoor
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Dahmardehei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Burn Research Center, Motahari Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Emami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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3
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Fredman G, Serhan CN. Specialized pro-resolving mediators in vascular inflammation and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024:10.1038/s41569-023-00984-x. [PMID: 38216693 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00984-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Timely resolution of the acute inflammatory response (or inflammation resolution) is an active, highly coordinated process that is essential to optimal health. Inflammation resolution is regulated by specific endogenous signalling molecules that function as 'stop signals' to terminate the inflammatory response when it is no longer needed; to actively promote healing, regeneration and tissue repair; and to limit pain. Specialized pro-resolving mediators are a superfamily of signalling molecules that initiate anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving actions. Without an effective and timely resolution response, inflammation can become chronic, a pathological state that is associated with many widely occurring human diseases, including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Uncovering the mechanisms of inflammation resolution failure in cardiovascular diseases and identifying useful biomarkers for non-resolving inflammation are unmet needs. In this Review, we discuss the accumulating evidence that supports the role of non-resolving inflammation in atherosclerosis and the use of specialized pro-resolving mediators as therapeutic tools for the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. We highlight open questions about therapeutic strategies and mechanisms of disease to provide a framework for future studies on the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Fredman
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anaesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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4
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Lovins HB, Bathon BE, Shaikh SR, Gowdy KM. Inhaled toxicants and pulmonary lipid metabolism: biological consequences and therapeutic interventions. Toxicol Sci 2023; 196:141-151. [PMID: 37740395 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhaled toxicants drive the onset of and exacerbate preexisting chronic pulmonary diseases, however, the biological mechanisms by which this occurs are largely unknown. Exposure to inhaled toxicants, both environmental and occupational, drives pulmonary inflammation and injury. Upon activation of the inflammatory response, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are metabolized into predominately proinflammatory lipid mediators termed eicosanoids which recruit immune cells to the site of injury, perpetuating inflammation to clear the exposed toxicants. Following inflammation, lipid mediator class-switching occurs, a process that leads to increased metabolism of hydroxylated derivates of PUFAs. These mediators, which include mono-hydroxylated PUFA derivatives and specialized proresolving lipid mediators, initiate an active process of inflammation resolution by inhibiting the inflammatory response and activating resolution pathways to return the tissue to homeostasis. Exposure to inhaled toxicants leads to alterations in the synthesis of these proinflammatory and proresolving lipid mediator pathways, resulting in greater pulmonary inflammation and injury, and increasing the risk for the onset of chronic lung diseases. Recent studies have begun utilizing supplementation of PUFAs and their metabolites as potential therapeutics for toxicant-induced pulmonary inflammation and injury. Here we will review the current understanding of the lipid mediators in pulmonary inflammation and resolution as well as the impact of dietary fatty acid supplementation on lipid mediator-driven inflammation following air pollution exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah B Lovins
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Brooke E Bathon
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Saame Raza Shaikh
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kymberly M Gowdy
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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5
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Videla LA, Valenzuela R, Del Campo A, Zúñiga-Hernández J. Omega-3 Lipid Mediators: Modulation of the M1/M2 Macrophage Phenotype and Its Protective Role in Chronic Liver Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15528. [PMID: 37958514 PMCID: PMC10647594 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The complex interplay between dietary factors, inflammation, and macrophage polarization is pivotal in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic liver diseases (CLDs). Omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) have brought in attention due to their potential to modulate inflammation and exert protective effects in various pathological conditions. Omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have shown promise in mitigating inflammation and enhancing the resolution of inflammatory responses. They influence the M1/M2 macrophage phenotype balance, promoting a shift towards the M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype. Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), such as resolvins (Rvs), protectins (PDs), and maresins (MaRs), have emerged as potent regulators of inflammation and macrophage polarization. They show anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving properties, by modulating the expression of cytokines, facilitate the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, and promote tissue repair. MaR1, in particular, has demonstrated significant hepatoprotective effects by promoting M2 macrophage polarization, reducing oxidative stress, and inhibiting key inflammatory pathways such as NF-κB. In the context of CLDs, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and cirrhosis, omega-3s and their SPMs have shown promise in attenuating liver injury, promoting tissue regeneration, and modulating macrophage phenotypes. The aim of this article was to analyze the emerging role of omega-3 FAs and their SPMs in the context of macrophage polarization, with special interest in the mechanisms underlying their effects and their interactions with other cell types within the liver microenvironment, focused on CLDs and the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alberto Videla
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
| | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
| | - Andrea Del Campo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Bioenergética Celular, Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile;
| | - Jessica Zúñiga-Hernández
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
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6
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Fredman G, Khan S. Specialized pro-resolving mediators enhance the clearance of dead cells. Immunol Rev 2023; 319:151-157. [PMID: 37787174 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
The failure to resolve inflammation underpins to several prevalent diseases, like atherosclerosis, and so identifying ways to boost resolution is unmet clinical needs. The resolution of inflammation is governed by several factors such as specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) that counter-regulate pro-inflammatory pathways and promote tissue repair without compromising host defense. A major function of nearly all SPMs is to enhance the clearance of dead cells or efferocytosis. As such, phagocytes, such as macrophages, are essential cellular players in the resolution of inflammation because of their ability to rapidly and efficiently clear dead cells. This review highlights the role of SPMs in the clearance of apoptotic and necroptotic cells and offers insights into how targeting efferocytosis may provide new treatments for non-resolving diseases, like atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Fredman
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Sayeed Khan
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
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Hernandez J, Schäffer J, Herden C, Pflieger FJ, Reiche S, Körber S, Kitagawa H, Welter J, Michels S, Culmsee C, Bier J, Sommer N, Kang JX, Mayer K, Hecker M, Rummel C. n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Modulate LPS-Induced ARDS and the Lung-Brain Axis of Communication in Wild-Type versus Fat-1 Mice Genetically Modified for Leukotriene B4 Receptor 1 or Chemerin Receptor 23 Knockout. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13524. [PMID: 37686333 PMCID: PMC10487657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) and especially Resolvin E1 (RvE1) can actively terminate inflammation and promote healing during lung diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Although ARDS primarily affects the lung, many ARDS patients also develop neurocognitive impairments. To investigate the connection between the lung and brain during ARDS and the therapeutic potential of SPMs and its derivatives, fat-1 mice were crossbred with RvE1 receptor knockout mice. ARDS was induced in these mice by intratracheal application of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 µg). Mice were sacrificed at 0 h, 4 h, 24 h, 72 h, and 120 h post inflammation, and effects on the lung, liver, and brain were assessed by RT-PCR, multiplex, immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and LC-MS/MS. Protein and mRNA analyses of the lung, liver, and hypothalamus revealed LPS-induced lung inflammation increased inflammatory signaling in the hypothalamus despite low signaling in the periphery. Neutrophil recruitment in different brain structures was determined by immunohistochemical staining. Overall, we showed that immune cell trafficking to the brain contributed to immune-to-brain communication during ARDS rather than cytokines. Deficiency in RvE1 receptors and enhanced omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels (fat-1 mice) affect lung-brain interaction during ARDS by altering profiles of several inflammatory and lipid mediators and glial activity markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Hernandez
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (J.H.); (J.S.)
| | - Julia Schäffer
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (J.H.); (J.S.)
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany (J.B.); (N.S.)
| | - Christiane Herden
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (C.H.); (S.K.)
| | - Fabian Johannes Pflieger
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (J.H.); (J.S.)
| | - Sylvia Reiche
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany (J.B.); (N.S.)
| | - Svenja Körber
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (C.H.); (S.K.)
| | - Hiromu Kitagawa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, Omiya, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Joelle Welter
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (J.H.); (J.S.)
| | - Susanne Michels
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany (C.C.)
| | - Carsten Culmsee
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Philipps University of Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany (C.C.)
- Center for Mind Brain and Behavior, Universities Giessen and Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jens Bier
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany (J.B.); (N.S.)
| | - Natascha Sommer
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany (J.B.); (N.S.)
| | - Jing X. Kang
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Konstantin Mayer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Matthias Hecker
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany (J.B.); (N.S.)
| | - Christoph Rummel
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (J.H.); (J.S.)
- Center for Mind Brain and Behavior, Universities Giessen and Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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8
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Burgess V, Maya JD. Statin and aspirin use in parasitic infections as a potential therapeutic strategy: A narrative review. Rev Argent Microbiol 2023; 55:278-288. [PMID: 37019801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections, including zoonoses, constitute a threat to human health due to the spread of resistant pathogens. These diseases generate an inflammatory response controlled by a resolving mechanism involving specialized membrane lipid-derived molecules called lipoxins, resolvins, maresins, and protectins. The production of some of these molecules can be triggered by aspirin or statins. Thus, it is proposed that modulation of the host response could be a useful therapeutic strategy, contributing to the management of resistance to antiparasitic agents or preventing drift to chronic, host-damaging courses. Therefore, the present work presents the state of the art on the use of statins or aspirin for the experimental management of parasitic infections such as Chagas disease, leishmaniasis, toxoplasmosis or malaria. The methodology used was a narrative review covering original articles from the last seven years, 38 of which met the inclusion criteria. Based on the publications consulted, modulation of the resolution of inflammation using statins may be feasible as an adjuvant in the therapy of parasitic diseases. However, there was no strong experimental evidence on the use of aspirin; therefore, further studies are needed to evaluate its role inflammation resolution process in infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Burgess
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan D Maya
- Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Independencia, Santiago, Chile.
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Eltay EG, Van Dyke T. Resolution of inflammation in oral diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2023:108453. [PMID: 37244405 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The resolution of inflammation is an essential endogenous process that protects host tissues from an exaggerated chronic inflammatory response. Multiple interactions between host cells and resident oral microbiome regulate the protective functions that lead to inflammation in the oral cavity. Failure of appropriate regulation of inflammation can lead to chronic inflammatory diseases that result from an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and pro-resolution mediators. Thus, failure of the host to resolve inflammation can be considered an essential pathological mechanism for progression from the late stages of acute inflammation to a chronic inflammatory response. Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), which are essential polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-derived autacoid mediators, aid in regulating the endogenous inflammation resolving process by stimulating immune cell-mediated clearance of apoptotic polymorphonuclear neutrophils, cellular debris, and microbes, restricting further neutrophil tissue infiltration, and counter-regulating pro-inflammatory cytokine production. The SPM superfamily contains four specialized lipid mediator families: lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins that can activate resolution pathways. Understanding the crosstalk between resolution signals in the tissue response to injury has therapeutic application potential for preventing, maintaining, and regenerating chronically damaged tissues. Here, we discuss the fundamental concepts of resolution as an active biochemical process, novel concepts demonstrating the role of resolution mediators in tissue regeneration in periodontal and pulpal diseases, and future directions for therapeutic applications with particular emphasis on periodontal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiba G Eltay
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States; Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Thomas Van Dyke
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States; Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States; Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.
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10
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Yasmeen N, Selvaraj H, Lakhawat SS, Datta M, Sharma PK, Jain A, Khanna R, Srinivasan J, Kumar V. Possibility of averting cytokine storm in SARS-COV 2 patients using specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 209:115437. [PMID: 36731803 PMCID: PMC9884647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Fatal "cytokine storms (CS)" observed in critically ill COVID-19 patients are consequences of dysregulated host immune system and over-exuberant inflammatory response. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multi-system organ failure, and eventual death are distinctive symptoms, attributed to higher morbidity and mortality rates among these patients. Consequent efforts to save critical COVID-19 patients via the usage of several novel therapeutic options are put in force. Strategically, drugs being used in such patients are dexamethasone, remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, etc. along with the approved vaccines. Moreover, it is certain that activation of the resolution process is important for the prevention of chronic diseases. Until recently Inflammation resolution was considered a passive process, rather it's an active biochemical process that can be achieved by the use of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). These endogenous mediators are an array of atypical lipid metabolites that include Resolvins, lipoxins, maresins, protectins, considered as immunoresolvents, but their role in COVID-19 is ambiguous. Recent evidence from studies such as the randomized clinical trial, in which omega 3 fatty acid was used as supplement to resolve inflammation in COVID-19, suggests that direct supplementation of SPMs or the use of synthetic SPM mimetics (which are still being explored) could enhance the process of resolution by regulating the aberrant inflammatory process and can be useful in pain relief and tissue remodeling. Here we discussed the biosynthesis of SPMs, & their mechanistic pathways contributing to inflammation resolution along with sequence of events leading to CS in COVID-19, with a focus on therapeutic potential of SPMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrath Yasmeen
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Harikrishnan Selvaraj
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sudarshan S Lakhawat
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Manali Datta
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pushpender K Sharma
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ajay Jain
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rakhi Khanna
- Rajasthan State Regional Forensic Science Laboratory, Kota, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Vikram Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
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11
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Ren J, Fok MR, Zhang Y, Han B, Lin Y. The role of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as adjuncts to periodontal treatment and in periodontal regeneration. J Transl Med 2023; 21:149. [PMID: 36829232 PMCID: PMC9960225 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-03990-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is the sixth most prevalent chronic disease globally and places significant burdens on societies and economies worldwide. Behavioral modification, risk factor control, coupled with cause-related therapy have been the "gold standard" treatment for managing periodontitis. Given that host inflammatory and immunological responses play critical roles in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and impact treatment responses, several adjunctive strategies aimed at modulating host responses and improving the results of periodontal therapy and maintenance have been proposed. Of the many pharmacological host modulators, we focused on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), due to their long history and extensive use in relieving inflammation and pain and reducing platelet aggregation. NSAIDs have been routinely indicated for treating rheumatic fever and osteoarthritis and utilized for the prevention of cardiovascular events. Although several efforts have been made to incorporate NSAIDs into the treatment of periodontitis, their effects on periodontal health remain poorly characterized, and concerns over the risk-benefit ratio were also raised. Moreover, there is emerging evidence highlighting the potential of NSAIDs, especially aspirin, for use in periodontal regeneration. This review summarizes and discusses the use of NSAIDs in various aspects of periodontal therapy and regeneration, demonstrating that the benefits of NSAIDs as adjuncts to conventional periodontal therapy remain controversial. More recent evidence suggests a promising role for NSAIDs in periodontal tissue engineering and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhan Ren
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Melissa Rachel Fok
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Division of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yunfan Zhang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Orthodontics, Cranial-Facial Growth and Development Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
| | - Yifan Lin
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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12
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Fang XX, Zhai MN, Zhu M, He C, Wang H, Wang J, Zhang ZJ. Inflammation in pathogenesis of chronic pain: Foe and friend. Mol Pain 2023; 19:17448069231178176. [PMID: 37220667 DOI: 10.1177/17448069231178176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is a refractory health disease worldwide causing an enormous economic burden on individuals and society. Accumulating evidence suggests that inflammation in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) is the major factor in the pathogenesis of chronic pain. The inflammation in the early- and late phase may have distinctive effects on the initiation and resolution of pain, which can be viewed as friend or foe. On the one hand, painful injuries lead to the activation of glial cells and immune cells in the PNS, releasing pro-inflammatory mediators, which contribute to the sensitization of nociceptors, leading to chronic pain; neuroinflammation in the CNS drives central sensitization and promotes the development of chronic pain. On the other hand, macrophages and glial cells of PNS and CNS promote pain resolution via anti-inflammatory mediators and specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). In this review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of inflammation in the deterioration and resolution of pain. Further, we summarize a number of novel strategies that can be used to prevent and treat chronic pain by controlling inflammation. This comprehensive view of the relationship between inflammation and chronic pain and its specific mechanism will provide novel targets for the treatment of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xia Fang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Meng-Nan Zhai
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Meixuan Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Cheng He
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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13
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Belayev L, Reid MM, Bazan NG. Novel Lipid Mediators as a Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Ischemic Stroke. MEDICAL RESEARCH ARCHIVES 2023; 11:10.18103/mra.v11i1.3333. [PMID: 36777192 PMCID: PMC9910361 DOI: 10.18103/mra.v11i1.3333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite displaying efficacy in experimental stroke studies, neuroprotection has failed in clinical trials. The translational difficulties include a limited methodological agreement between preclinical and clinical studies and the heterogeneity of stroke in humans compared to standardized strokes in animal models. Promising neuroprotective approaches based on a deeper understanding of the complex pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, such as blocking pro-inflammatory pathways plus pro-survival mediators, are now evaluated in preclinical studies. Combinatorial therapy has become increasingly attractive in recent years as recognizing the complexity of stroke progression becomes evident. The paper aimed to test the hypothesis that blocking pro-inflammatory platelet-activating factor receptor (PAF-R) with LAU-0901 plus administering a selected docosanoid, aspirin-triggered neuroprotectin D1 (AT-NPD1), which activates cell-survival pathways after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo), would lead to neurological recovery. We have demonstrated that LAU-0901 plus AT-NPD1 treatment affords high-grade neuroprotection in MCAo, equaling or exceeding that afforded by LAU-0901 or AT-NPD1 alone at considerably moderate doses, and it has a broad therapeutic window extending to 6 hours after stroke onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Belayev
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA,Corresponding authors: Ludmila Belayev, MD, Professor of Neurosurgery, Neurology and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, School of Medicine, Neuroscience Center of Excellence, 2020 Gravier Street, Suite 9B16, Room 935A, New Orleans, LA 70112; Phone: 504-599-0849; Fax: 504-599-0488; ; Nicolas G. Bazan, MD, PhD, Boyd Professor and Director of the Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, School of Medicine, Neuroscience Center of Excellence, 2020 Gravier Street, Suite D, New Orleans, LA 70112; Phone: 504-599-0832;
| | - Madigan M. Reid
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Nicolas G. Bazan
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA,Corresponding authors: Ludmila Belayev, MD, Professor of Neurosurgery, Neurology and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, School of Medicine, Neuroscience Center of Excellence, 2020 Gravier Street, Suite 9B16, Room 935A, New Orleans, LA 70112; Phone: 504-599-0849; Fax: 504-599-0488; ; Nicolas G. Bazan, MD, PhD, Boyd Professor and Director of the Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, School of Medicine, Neuroscience Center of Excellence, 2020 Gravier Street, Suite D, New Orleans, LA 70112; Phone: 504-599-0832;
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14
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Jayapala HPS, Lim SY. N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Gut Microbiota. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2023; 26:892-905. [PMID: 35786331 DOI: 10.2174/1386207325666220701121025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
For several decades, studies have reported that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play a beneficial role in cardiovascular, immune, cognitive, visual, mental and metabolic health. The mammalian intestine is colonized by microbiota, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, protozoans, and fungi. The composition of the gut microbiota is influenced by long-term dietary habits, disease-associated dysbiosis, and the use of antibiotics. Accumulating evidence suggests a relationship between n-3 PUFAs and the gut microbiota. N-3 PUFAs can alter the diversity and abundance of the gut microbiome, and gut microbiota can also affect the metabolism and absorption of n-3 PUFAs. Changes in the populations of certain gut microbiota can lead to negative effects on inflammation, obesity, and metabolic diseases. An imbalanced consumption of n-3/n-6 PUFAs may lead to gut microbial dysbiosis, in particular, a significant increase in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, which eventually results in being overweight and obesity. N-3 PUFA deficiency disrupts the microbiota community in metabolic disorders. In addition, accumulating evidence indicates that the interplay between n-3 PUFAs, gut microbiota, and immune reactions helps to maintain the integrity of the intestinal wall and interacts with host immune cells. Supplementation with n-3 PUFAs may be an effective therapeutic measure to restore gut microbiota homeostasis and correct metabolic disturbances associated with modern chronic diseases. In particular, marine extracts from seaweed contain a considerable dry weight of lipids, including n-3 PUFAs such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20: 5) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22: 6). This review describes how gut microbiota function in intestinal health, how n-3 PUFAs interact with the gut microbiota, and the potential of n-3 PUFAs to influence the gut-brain axis, acting through gut microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sun Young Lim
- Division of Convergence on Marine Science, Korea Maritime & Ocean University, Busan, 49112, Korea
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15
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Major structure-activity relationships of resolvins, protectins, maresins and their analogues. Future Med Chem 2022; 14:1943-1960. [PMID: 36449363 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2022-0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Resolvins, protectins and maresins are a series of polyunsaturated fatty acid-derived molecules which play important roles in the resolution of inflammation. They are termed specialized proresolving mediators and facilitate a return to homeostasis following an inflammatory response. These molecules are currently the focus of intensive investigation, primarily for their ability to suppress inflammation in chronic disease states. Researchers have employed different synthetic approaches to assess whether various structural modifications of these compounds could provide access to future therapeutics. This review summarizes the modifications made thus far and focuses on the key structure-activity relationships which have been uncovered for resolvins, protectins, maresins and their analogues.
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16
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Rangarajan S, Orujyan D, Rangchaikul P, Radwan MM. Critical Role of Inflammation and Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators in the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2829. [PMID: 36359349 PMCID: PMC9687471 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent research on how the body resolves this inflammation is gaining traction and has shed light on new avenues for future management of cardiovascular diseases. In this narrative review, we discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms of atherosclerosis, the recent development in the understanding of a new class of molecules called Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators (SPMs), and the impact of such findings in the realm of cardiovascular treatment options. We searched the MEDLINE database restricting ourselves to original research articles as much as possible on the complex pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and the role of SPMs. We expect to see further research in translating these findings to bedside clinical trials in treating conditions with a pathophysiological basis of inflammation, such as coronary artery disease, asthma, and periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhapradha Rangarajan
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Davit Orujyan
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Patrida Rangchaikul
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Mohamed M. Radwan
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
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17
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Gagestein B, von Hegedus JH, Kwekkeboom JC, Heijink M, Blomberg N, van der Wel T, Florea BI, van den Elst H, Wals K, Overkleeft HS, Giera M, Toes REM, Ioan-Facsinay A, van der Stelt M. Comparative Photoaffinity Profiling of Omega-3 Signaling Lipid Probes Reveals Prostaglandin Reductase 1 as a Metabolic Hub in Human Macrophages. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:18938-18947. [PMID: 36197299 PMCID: PMC9585591 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The fish oil constituent
docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6
n-3) is
a signaling lipid with anti-inflammatory properties. The molecular
mechanisms underlying the biological effect of DHA are poorly understood.
Here, we report the design, synthesis, and application of a complementary
pair of bio-orthogonal, photoreactive probes based on the polyunsaturated
scaffold DHA and its oxidative metabolite 17-hydroxydocosahexaenoic
acid (17-HDHA). In these probes, an alkyne serves as a handle to introduce
a fluorescent reporter group or a biotin-affinity tag via copper(I)-catalyzed
azide-alkyne cycloaddition. This pair of chemical probes was used
to map specific targets of the omega-3 signaling lipids in primary
human macrophages. Prostaglandin reductase 1 (PTGR1) was identified
as an interaction partner that metabolizes 17-oxo-DHA, an oxidative
metabolite of 17-HDHA. 17-oxo-DHA reduced the formation of pro-inflammatory
lipids 5-HETE and LTB4 in human macrophages and neutrophils. Our results
demonstrate the potential of comparative photoaffinity protein profiling
for the discovery of metabolic enzymes of bioactive lipids and highlight
the power of chemical proteomics to uncover new biological insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berend Gagestein
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University and Oncode Institute, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H von Hegedus
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Joanneke C Kwekkeboom
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke Heijink
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Niek Blomberg
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Wel
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University and Oncode Institute, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands
| | - Bogdan I Florea
- Bio-Organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands
| | - Hans van den Elst
- Bio-Organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Wals
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University and Oncode Institute, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands
| | - Herman S Overkleeft
- Bio-Organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Giera
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - René E M Toes
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Andreea Ioan-Facsinay
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Mario van der Stelt
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University and Oncode Institute, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands
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18
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Wolfarth B, Speed C, Raymuev K, Vanden Bossche L, Migliore A. Managing pain and inflammation associated with musculoskeletal disease: time for a change? Curr Med Res Opin 2022; 38:1695-1701. [PMID: 35916625 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2022.2108618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Wolfarth
- Department of Sports Medicine, Charité University Hospital and Professor, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cathy Speed
- Department of Rheumatology, Sport & Exercise Medicine, Spire Cambridge Lea Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kirill Raymuev
- Department of Rheumatology, North-Western State Medical University I.I. Mechnikov, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Luc Vanden Bossche
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alberto Migliore
- Department of Medicine, St Peter Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
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19
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Yamaguchi A, Botta E, Holinstat M. Eicosanoids in inflammation in the blood and the vessel. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:997403. [PMID: 36238558 PMCID: PMC9551235 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.997403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are structural components of membrane phospholipids in cells. PUFAs regulate cellular function through the formation of derived lipid mediators termed eicosanoids. The oxygenation of 20-carbon PUFAs via the oxygenases cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases, or cytochrome P450, generates a class of classical eicosanoids including prostaglandins, thromboxanes and leukotrienes, and also the more recently identified hydroxy-, hydroperoxy-, epoxy- and oxo-eicosanoids, and the specialized pro-resolving (lipid) mediators. These eicosanoids play a critical role in the regulation of inflammation in the blood and the vessel. While arachidonic acid-derived eicosanoids are extensively studied due to their pro-inflammatory effects and therefore involvement in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and the coronavirus disease 2019; in recent years, several eicosanoids have been reported to attenuate exacerbated inflammatory responses and participate in the resolution of inflammation. This review focused on elucidating the biosynthesis and the mechanistic signaling of eicosanoids in inflammation, as well as the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects of these eicosanoids in the blood and the vascular wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Yamaguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Eliana Botta
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Michael Holinstat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,*Correspondence: Michael Holinstat,
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20
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Hamidzadeh K, Westcott J, Wourms N, Shay AE, Panigrahy A, Martin MJ, Nshimiyimana R, Serhan CN. A newly synthesized 17-epi-NeuroProtectin D1/17-epi-Protectin D1: Authentication and functional regulation of Inflammation-Resolution. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 203:115181. [PMID: 35850309 PMCID: PMC9398963 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The production of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) during the resolution phase in the inflammatory milieu is key to orchestrating the resolution of the acute inflammatory response. 17-epi-neuroprotectin D1/17-epi-protectin D1 (17-epi-NPD1/17-epi-PD1: 10R,17R-dihydroxy-4Z,7Z,11E,13E,15Z,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid) is an SPM of the protectin family, biosynthesized from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), that exhibits both potent anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective functions. Here, we carried out a new commercial-scale synthesis of 17-epi-NPD1/17-epi-PD1 that enabled the authentication and confirmation of its potent bioactions in vivo and determination of its ability to activate human leukocyte phagocytosis. We provide evidence that this new synthetic 17-epi-NPD1/17-epi-PD1 statistically significantly increases human macrophage uptake of E. coli in vitro and confirm that it limits neutrophilic infiltration in vivo in a murine model of peritonitis. The physical properties of the new synthetic 17-epi-NPD1/17-epi-PD1, namely its ultra-violet absorbance, chromatography, and tandem mass spectrometry fragmentation pattern, matched those of the originally synthesized 17-epi-NPD1/17-epi-PD1. In addition, we verified the structure and complete stereochemical assignment of this new synthetic 17-epi-NPD1/17-epi-PD1 using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Together, these results authenticate this 17-epi-NPD1/17-epi-PD1 for its structure and potent pro-resolving functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajal Hamidzadeh
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | | | - Ashley E Shay
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anand Panigrahy
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Robert Nshimiyimana
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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21
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Reid MM, Obenaus A, Mukherjee PK, Khoutorova L, Roque CR, Petasis NA, Oria RB, Belayev L, Bazan NG. Synergistic Neuroprotection by a PAF Antagonist Plus a Docosanoid in Experimental Ischemic Stroke: Dose-Response and Therapeutic Window. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2022; 31:106585. [PMID: 35717719 PMCID: PMC9976619 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that blocking pro-inflammatory platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR) with LAU-0901 (LAU) plus administering a selected docosanoid, aspirin-triggered neuroprotectin D1 (AT-NPD1), which activates cell-survival pathways after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo), would lead to neurological recovery. Dose-response and therapeutic window were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male SD rats were subjected to 2 hours of MCAo. Behavior testing (days 1-7) and ex vivo MRI on day 7 were conducted. In dose-response, rats were treated with LAU (45 and 60 mg/kg; IP), AT-NPD1 (111, 222, 333 µg/kg; IV), LAU+AT-NPD1 (LAU at 3 hours and AT-NPD1 at 3.15 hours) or vehicle. In the therapeutic window, vehicle, LAU (60 mg/kg), AT-NPD1 (222 µg/kg), and LAU+AT-NPD1 were administered at 3, 4, 5, and 6 hours after onset of MCAo. RESULTS LAU and AT-NPD1 treatments alone improved behavior by 40-42% and 20-30%, respectively, and LAU+AT-NPD1 by 40% compared to the vehicle group. T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) volumes were reduced with all doses of LAU and AT-NPD1 by 73-90% and 67-83% and LAU+AT-NPD1 by 94% compared to vehicle. In the therapeutic window, LAU+AT-NPD1, when administered at 3, 4, 5, and 6 hours, improved behavior by 50, 56, 33, and 26% and reduced T2WI volumes by 93, 90, 82, and 84% compared to vehicle. CONCLUSIONS We have shown here for the first time that LAU plus AT-NPD1 treatment affords high-grade neuroprotection in MCAo, equaling or exceeding that afforded by LAU or AT-NPD1 alone at considerably moderate doses. It has a broad therapeutic window extending to 6 hours after stroke onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madigan M. Reid
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Andre Obenaus
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Pranab K. Mukherjee
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Larissa Khoutorova
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | - Cassia R. Roque
- Laboratory of the Biology of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny and Nutrition, Department of Morphology and Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Nicos A. Petasis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Reinaldo B. Oria
- Laboratory of the Biology of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny and Nutrition, Department of Morphology and Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Ludmila Belayev
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | - Nicolas G. Bazan
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA
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22
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Dyall SC, Balas L, Bazan NG, Brenna JT, Chiang N, da Costa Souza F, Dalli J, Durand T, Galano JM, Lein PJ, Serhan CN, Taha AY. Polyunsaturated fatty acids and fatty acid-derived lipid mediators: Recent advances in the understanding of their biosynthesis, structures, and functions. Prog Lipid Res 2022; 86:101165. [PMID: 35508275 PMCID: PMC9346631 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are structural components of membrane phospholipids, and influence cellular function via effects on membrane properties, and also by acting as a precursor pool for lipid mediators. These lipid mediators are formed via activation of pathways involving at least one step of dioxygen-dependent oxidation, and are consequently called oxylipins. Their biosynthesis can be either enzymatically-dependent, utilising the promiscuous cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase, or cytochrome P450 mixed function oxidase pathways, or nonenzymatic via free radical-catalyzed pathways. The oxylipins include the classical eicosanoids, comprising prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes, and also more recently identified lipid mediators. With the advent of new technologies there is growing interest in identifying these different lipid mediators and characterising their roles in health and disease. This review brings together contributions from some of those at the forefront of research into lipid mediators, who provide brief introductions and summaries of current understanding of the structure and functions of the main classes of nonclassical oxylipins. The topics covered include omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA biosynthesis pathways, focusing on the roles of the different fatty acid desaturase enzymes, oxidized linoleic acid metabolites, omega-3 PUFA-derived specialized pro-resolving mediators, elovanoids, nonenzymatically oxidized PUFAs, and fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids.
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23
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Kotlyarov S, Kotlyarova A. Molecular Pharmacology of Inflammation Resolution in Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094808. [PMID: 35563200 PMCID: PMC9104781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the most important problems of modern medicine as it is the leading cause of hospitalizations, disability, and mortality. The key role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis is the imbalance between the activation of inflammation in the vascular wall and the mechanisms of its control. The resolution of inflammation is the most important physiological mechanism that is impaired in atherosclerosis. The resolution of inflammation has complex, not fully known mechanisms, in which lipid mediators derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play an important role. Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) represent a group of substances that carry out inflammation resolution and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. SPMs include lipoxins, resolvins, maresins, and protectins, which are formed from PUFAs and regulate many processes related to the active resolution of inflammation. Given the physiological importance of these substances, studies examining the possibility of pharmacological effects on inflammation resolution are of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Kotlyarova
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia;
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Artru F, McPhail MJW, Triantafyllou E, Trovato FM. Lipids in Liver Failure Syndromes: A Focus on Eicosanoids, Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators and Lysophospholipids. Front Immunol 2022; 13:867261. [PMID: 35432367 PMCID: PMC9008479 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.867261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids are organic compounds insoluble in water with a variety of metabolic and non-metabolic functions. They not only represent an efficient energy substrate but can also act as key inflammatory and anti-inflammatory molecules as part of a network of soluble mediators at the interface of metabolism and the immune system. The role of endogenous bioactive lipid mediators has been demonstrated in several inflammatory diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, atherosclerosis, cancer). The liver is unique in providing balanced immunotolerance to the exposure of bacterial components from the gut transiting through the portal vein and the lymphatic system. This balance is abruptly deranged in liver failure syndromes such as acute liver failure and acute-on-chronic liver failure. In these syndromes, researchers have recently focused on bioactive lipid mediators by global metabonomic profiling and uncovered the pivotal role of these mediators in the immune dysfunction observed in liver failure syndromes explaining the high occurrence of sepsis and subsequent organ failure. Among endogenous bioactive lipids, the mechanistic actions of three classes (eicosanoids, pro-resolving lipid mediators and lysophospholipids) in the pathophysiological modulation of liver failure syndromes will be the topic of this narrative review. Furthermore, the therapeutic potential of lipid-immune pathways will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Artru
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J W McPhail
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Evangelos Triantafyllou
- Section of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been an ongoing pandemic causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The “cytokine storm” is a critical driving force in severe COVID-19 cases, leading to hyperinflammation, multi-system organ failure, and death. A paradigm shift is emerging in our understanding of the resolution of inflammation from a passive course to an active biochemical process driven by endogenous specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), such as resolvins, protectins, lipoxins, and maresins. SPMs stimulate macrophage-mediated debris clearance and counter pro-inflammatory cytokine production, a process collectively termed as the “resolution of inflammation.” Hyperinflammation is not unique to COVID-19 and also occurs in neoplastic conditions, putting individuals with underlying health conditions such as cancer at elevated risk of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite approaches to block systemic inflammation, there are no current therapies designed to stimulate the resolution of inflammation in patients with COVID-19 or cancer. A non-immunosuppressive therapeutic approach that reduces the cytokine storm in patients with COVID-19 and cancer is urgently needed. SPMs are potent immunoresolvent and organ-protective lipid autacoids that stimulate the resolution of inflammation, facilitate clearance of infections, reduce thrombus burden, and promote a return to tissue homeostasis. Targeting endogenous lipid mediators, such as SPMs, offers an entirely novel approach to control SARS-CoV-2 infection and cancer by increasing the body’s natural reserve of pro-resolving mediators without overt toxicity or immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Barksdale
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Franciele C Kipper
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Shreya Tripathy
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Selvakumar Subbian
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Dipak Panigrahy
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. .,Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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Kolawole OR, Kashfi K. NSAIDs and Cancer Resolution: New Paradigms beyond Cyclooxygenase. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1432. [PMID: 35163356 PMCID: PMC8836048 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute inflammation or resolved inflammation is an adaptive host defense mechanism and is self-limiting, which returns the body to a state of homeostasis. However, unresolved, uncontrolled, or chronic inflammation may lead to various maladies, including cancer. Important evidence that links inflammation and cancer is that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin, reduce the risk and mortality from many cancers. The fact that NSAIDs inhibit the eicosanoid pathway prompted mechanistic drug developmental work focusing on cyclooxygenase (COX) and its products. The increased prostaglandin E2 levels and the overexpression of COX-2 in the colon and many other cancers provided the rationale for clinical trials with COX-2 inhibitors for cancer prevention or treatment. However, NSAIDs do not require the presence of COX-2 to prevent cancer. In this review, we highlight the effects of NSAIDs and selective COX-2 inhibitors (COXIBs) on targets beyond COX-2 that have shown to be important against many cancers. Finally, we hone in on specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) that are biosynthesized locally and, in a time, -dependent manner to promote the resolution of inflammation and subsequent tissue healing. Different classes of SPMs are reviewed, highlighting aspirin's potential in triggering the production of these resolution-promoting mediators (resolvins, lipoxins, protectins, and maresins), which show promise in inhibiting cancer growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwafunke R. Kolawole
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA;
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA;
- Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, New York, NY 10091, USA
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Serhan CN, Libreros S, Nshimiyimana R. E-series resolvin metabolome, biosynthesis and critical role of stereochemistry of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) in inflammation-resolution: Preparing SPMs for long COVID-19, human clinical trials, and targeted precision nutrition. Semin Immunol 2022; 59:101597. [PMID: 35227568 PMCID: PMC8847098 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2022.101597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has raised international awareness of the importance of rigorous scientific evidence and the havoc caused by uncontrolled excessive inflammation. Here we consider the evidence on whether the specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) are ready to meet this challenge as well as targeted metabololipidomics of the resolution-inflammation metabolomes. Specific stereochemical mechanisms in the biosynthesis of SPMs from omega-3 essential fatty acids give rise to unique local-acting lipid mediators. SPMs possess stereochemically defined potent bioactive structures that are high-affinity ligands for cognate G protein-coupled surface receptors that evoke the cellular responses required for efficient resolution of acute inflammation. The SPMs biosynthesized from the major omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are coined Resolvins (resolution phase interaction products; E series and D-series), Protectins and Maresins (macrophage mediators in resolving inflammation). Their biosynthesis and stereochemical assignments are established and confirmed (>1,441 resolvin publications in PubMed.gov) as well as their functional roles on innate immune cells and adaptive immune cells (both lymphocyte T-cell subsets and B-cells). The resolution of a protective acute inflammatory response is governed mainly by phagocytes that actively clear apoptotic cells, debris, blood clots and pathogens. These resolution phase functions of the acute inflammatory response are enhanced by SPMs, which together prepare the inflammatory loci for homeostasis and stimulate tissue regeneration via activating stem cells and the biosynthesis of novel cys-SPMs (e.g. MCTRs, PCTRs and RCTRs). These cys-SPMs also activate regeneration, are organ protective and stimulate resolution of local inflammation. Herein, we review the biosynthesis and functions of the E-series resolvins, namely resolvin E1 (the first n-3 resolvin identified), resolvin E2, resolvin E3 and resolvin E4 biosynthesized from their precursor eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and the critical role of total organic synthesis in confirming SPM complete stereochemistry, establishing their potent functions in resolution of inflammation, and novel structures. The physical properties of each biologically derived SPM, i.e., ultra-violet (UV) absorbance, chromatographic behavior, and tandem mass spectrometry (MS2) fragmentation, were matched to SPMs biosynthesized and prepared by stereospecific total organic synthesis. We briefly review this approach, also used with the endogenous D-series resolvins, protectins and maresins confirming their potent functions in resolution of inflammation, that paves the way for their rigorous evaluation in human tissues and clinical trials. The assignment of complete stereochemistry for each of the E and D series Resolvins, Protectins and Maresins was a critical and required step that enabled human clinical studies as in SPM profiling in COVID-19 infections and experimental animal disease models that also opened the promise of resolution physiology, resolution pharmacology and targeted precision nutrition as new areas for monitoring health and disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Stephania Libreros
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Robert Nshimiyimana
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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28
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Kotlyarov S, Kotlyarova A. Anti-Inflammatory Function of Fatty Acids and Involvement of Their Metabolites in the Resolution of Inflammation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312803. [PMID: 34884621 PMCID: PMC8657960 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism plays an important role in many lung functions. Disorders of lipid metabolism are part of the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Lipids are involved in numerous cross-linkages with inflammation. Recent studies strongly support the involvement of fatty acids as participants in inflammation. They are involved in the initiation and resolution of inflammation, including acting as a substrate for the formation of lipid mediators of inflammation resolution. Specialized pro-inflammatory mediators (SPMs) belonging to the classes of lipoxins, resolvins, maresins, and protectins, which are formed enzymatically from unsaturated fatty acids, are now described. Disorders of their production and function are part of the pathogenesis of COPD. SPMs are currently the subject of active research in order to find new drugs. Short-chain fatty acids are another important participant in metabolic and immune processes, and their role in the pathogenesis of COPD is of great clinical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Kotlyarova
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia;
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Panigrahy D, Gilligan MM, Serhan CN, Kashfi K. Resolution of inflammation: An organizing principle in biology and medicine. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 227:107879. [PMID: 33915177 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The resolution of inflammation has emerged as a critical endogenous process that protects host tissues from prolonged or excessive inflammation that can become chronic. Failure of the resolution of inflammation is a key pathological mechanism that drives the progression of numerous inflammation-driven diseases. Essential polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-derived autacoid mediators termed 'specialized pro-resolving mediators' (SPMs) regulate endogenous resolution programs by limiting further neutrophil tissue infiltration and stimulating local immune cell (e.g., macrophage)-mediated clearance of apoptotic polymorphonuclear neutrophils, cellular debris, and microbes, as well as counter-regulating eicosanoid/cytokine production. The SPM superfamily encompasses lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins. Our understanding of the resolution phase of acute inflammation has grown exponentially in the past three decades with the discovery of novel pro-resolving lipid mediators, their pro-efferocytosis mechanisms, and their receptors. Technological advancement has further facilitated lipid mediator metabolipidomic based profiling of healthy and diseased human tissues, highlighting the extraordinary therapeutic potential of SPMs across a broad array of inflammatory diseases including cancer. As current front-line cancer therapies such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation may induce various unwanted side effects such as robust pro-inflammatory and pro-tumorigenic host responses, characterizing SPMs and their receptors as novel therapeutic targets may have important implications as a new direction for host-targeted cancer therapy. Here, we discuss the origins of inflammation resolution, key discoveries and the failure of resolution mechanisms in diseases with an emphasis on cancer, and future directions focused on novel therapeutic applications for this exciting and rapidly expanding field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Panigrahy
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Molly M Gilligan
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, City University of New York, School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031, USA; Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
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30
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Vartak T, Godson C, Brennan E. Therapeutic potential of pro-resolving mediators in diabetic kidney disease. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 178:113965. [PMID: 34508793 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Renal microvascular disease associated with diabetes [Diabetic kidney disease - DKD] is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease. In DKD, glomerular basement membrane thickening, mesangial expansion, endothelial dysfunction, podocyte cell loss and renal tubule injury contribute to progressive glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Chronic inflammation is recognized as a major pathogenic mechanism for DKD, with resident and circulating immune cells interacting with local kidney cell populations to provoke an inflammatory response. The onset of inflammation is driven by the release of well described proinflammatory mediators, and this is typically followed by a resolution phase. Inflammation resolution is achieved through the bioactions of endogenous specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs). As our understanding of SPMs advances 'resolution pharmacology' based approaches using these molecules are being explored in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanwi Vartak
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catherine Godson
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eoin Brennan
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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31
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Rezabakhsh A, Mahmoodpoor A, Soleimanpour M, Shahsavarinia K, Soleimanpour H. Clinical Applications of Aspirin as a Multi-potent Drug Beyond Cardiovascular Implications: A Proof of Concept for Anesthesiologists- A Narrative Review. Anesth Pain Med 2021; 11:e118909. [PMID: 35075415 PMCID: PMC8782056 DOI: 10.5812/aapm.118909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To the best of our knowledge, aspirin (ASA) is known as a commonly used medication worldwide. Although the cardiovascular aspects of ASA are well-established, recently, it has been identified that ASA can yield multiple extra-cardiovascular therapeutic potencies in facing neurodegenerative disorders, various cancers, inflammatory responses, and the COVID-19 pandemic. In this review, we aimed to highlight the proven role of ASA administration in the variety of non-cardiovascular diseases, particularly in the field of anesthesiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysa Rezabakhsh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Soleimanpour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kavous Shahsavarinia
- Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hassan Soleimanpour
- Emergency Medicine Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Corresponding Author: Emergency Medicine Research Team, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Emails: ;
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32
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Ceotto BH, Figueroba SR, Ferreira LEN, Amorim KS, Sánchez JB, Gercina AC, Dos Santos VAB, Groppo FC. The effect of association of aspirin and omega 3 in rat temporomandibular joint with induced arthritis. Ann Anat 2021; 239:151812. [PMID: 34384858 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of omega-3 (ω3) polyunsaturated fatty acids, in association with aspirin (AA), on the morphology of cytokine release in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of rats induced with rheumatoid arthritis (IR) by injecting 100 μL of complete Freund's adjuvant with bovine type II collagen at the tail base. Thirty-two adult male rats were divided into treatment groups: Sham, treated with 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) p.o.; IR-control, treated with 0.9% NaCl p.o.; IR-ω3 treated with ω3 PUFAS (85 mg/kg/day p.o.); and IR-ω3 + AA treated with ω3 (85 mg/kg/day p.o.) + AA (20 mg/kg/day i.p.). After maintained treatment for seven days, the animals were euthanized. Bilateral TMJs from each rat were removed and one was subjected to histological immunoassays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to assess interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-10 levels. Data analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests. In the IR-ω3 and IR-ω3 + AA groups, the TMJ was greater than in the IR-control group (P < 0.0001). The addition of AA did not improve the effects of ω3 (P = 0.0698). Similarly, the addition of AA conferred no additional effects on the cytokine levels (P > 0.05); however, it increased the proteoglycan density, compared with ω3 alone. We found that ω3 exhibited anti-inflammatory activity in arthritic rats, and the addition of AA increased proteoglycan density, but did not affect cytokine expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz H Ceotto
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP - Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Sidney R Figueroba
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP - Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Eduardo N Ferreira
- Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunology, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Klinger S Amorim
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP - Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jonny B Sánchez
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP - Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Anne Caroline Gercina
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP - Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Victor Augusto B Dos Santos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP - Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Francisco C Groppo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP - Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Lavy M, Gauttier V, Poirier N, Barillé-Nion S, Blanquart C. Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators Mitigate Cancer-Related Inflammation: Role of Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Therapeutic Opportunities. Front Immunol 2021; 12:702785. [PMID: 34276698 PMCID: PMC8278519 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.702785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a fundamental physiological response orchestrated by innate immune cells to restore tissue homeostasis. Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) are involved in active resolution of inflammation but when inflammation is incomplete, chronic inflammation creates a favorable environment that fuels carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Conventional cancer therapy also strengthens cancer-related inflammation by inducing massive tumor cell death that activate surrounding immune-infiltrating cells such as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Macrophages are key actors of both inflammation and its active resolution due to their plastic phenotype. In line with this high plasticity, macrophages can be hijacked by cancer cells to support tumor progression and immune escape, or therapy resistance. Impaired resolution of cancer-associated inflammation supported by TAMs may thus reinforces tumor progression. From this perspective, recent evidence suggests that stimulating macrophage's pro-resolving functions using SPMs can promote inflammation resolution in cancer and improve anticancer treatments. Thus, TAMs' re-education toward an antitumor phenotype by using SPMs opens a new line of attack in cancer treatment. Here, we review SPMs' anticancer capacities with special attention regarding their effects on TAMs. We further discuss how this new therapeutic approach could be envisioned in cancer therapy.
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Decker C, Sadhu S, Fredman G. Pro-Resolving Ligands Orchestrate Phagocytosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:660865. [PMID: 34177900 PMCID: PMC8222715 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.660865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The resolution of inflammation is a tissue protective program that is governed by several factors including specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), proteins, gasses and nucleotides. Pro-resolving mediators activate counterregulatory programs to quell inflammation and promote tissue repair in a manner that does not compromise host defense. Phagocytes like neutrophils and macrophages play key roles in the resolution of inflammation because of their ability to remove debris, microbes and dead cells through processes including phagocytosis and efferocytosis. Emerging evidence suggests that failed resolution of inflammation and defective phagocytosis or efferocytosis underpins several prevalent human diseases. Therefore, understanding factors and mechanisms associated with enhancing these processes is a critical need. SPMs enhance phagocytosis and efferocytosis and this review will highlight mechanisms associated with their actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa Decker
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Sudeshna Sadhu
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Gabrielle Fredman
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States
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35
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Jin J, Boeglin WE, Brash AR. Analysis of 12/15-lipoxygenase metabolism of EPA and DHA with special attention to authentication of docosatrienes. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100088. [PMID: 34022182 PMCID: PMC8219989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A proposed beneficial impact of highly unsaturated “fish oil” fatty acids is their conversion by lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes to specialized proresolving lipid mediators, including 12/15-LOX products from EPA and DHA. The transformations of DHA include formation of docosatrienes, named for the distinctive conjugated triene of the double bonds. To further the understanding of biosynthetic pathways and mechanisms, herein we meld together biosynthesis and NMR characterization of the unstable leukotriene A (LTA)-related epoxide intermediates formed by recombinant human 15-LOX-1, along with identification of the stable enzymatic products, and extend the findings into the 12/15-LOX metabolism in resident murine peritoneal macrophages. Oxygenation of EPA by 15-LOX-1 converts the initial 15S-hydroperoxide to 14S,15S-trans-epoxy-5Z,8Z,10E,12E,17Z-EPA (appearing as its 8,15-diol hydrolysis products) and mixtures of dihydroperoxy fatty acids, while mainly the epoxide hydrolysis products are evident in the murine cells. DHA also undergoes transformations to epoxides and dihydroperoxides by 15-LOX-1, resulting in a mixture of 10,17-dihydro(pero)xy derivatives (docosatrienes) and minor 7S,17S- and 14,17S-dihydroperoxides. The 10,17S-dihydroxy hydrolysis products of the LTA-related epoxide intermediate dominate the product profile in mouse macrophages, whereas (neuro)protectin D1, the leukotriene B4-related derivative with trans,trans,cis conjugated triene, was undetectable. In this study, we emphasize the utility of UV spectral characteristics for product identification, being diagnostic of the different double bond configurations and hydroxy fatty acid functionality versus hydroperoxide. LC-MS is not definitive for configurational isomers. Secure identification is based on chromatographic retention times, comparison with authentic standards, and the highly distinctive UV spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- Department of Pharmacology and the Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - William E Boeglin
- Department of Pharmacology and the Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alan R Brash
- Department of Pharmacology and the Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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36
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Belayev L, Obenaus A, Mukherjee PK, Knott EJ, Khoutorova L, Reid MM, Roque CR, Nguyen L, Lee JB, Petasis NA, Oria RB, Bazan NG. Blocking pro-inflammatory platelet-activating factor receptors and activating cell survival pathways: A novel therapeutic strategy in experimental ischemic stroke. Brain Circ 2021; 6:260-268. [PMID: 33506149 PMCID: PMC7821809 DOI: 10.4103/bc.bc_36_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute ischemic stroke triggers complex neurovascular, neuroinflammatory, and synaptic alterations. This study explores whether blocking pro-inflammatory platelet-activating factor receptor (PAF-R) plus selected docosanoids after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) would lead to neurological recovery. The following small molecules were investigated: (a) LAU-0901, a PAF-R antagonist that blocks pro-inflammatory signaling; and (b) derivatives of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1), and aspirin-triggered NPD1 (AT-NPD1), which activates cell survival pathways and are exert potent anti-inflammatory activity in the brain. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats received 2 h MCAo and LAU-0901 (30 or 60 mg/kg, 2 h after stroke), NPD1, and AT-NPD1 (333 μg/kg), DHA (5 mg/kg), and their combination were administered intravenous at 3 h after stroke. Behavior testing and ex vivo magnetic resonance imaging were conducted on day 3 or 14 to assess lesion characteristics and lipidomic analysis on day 1. Series 1 (LAU-0901 + NPD1, 14d), Series 2 (LAU-0901 + AT-NPD1, 3d), and Series 3 (LAU-0901 + DHA, 1d). RESULTS All combinatory groups improved behavior compared to NPD1, AT-NPD1, or DHA treatments alone. Total lesion volumes were reduced with LAU-0901 + NPD1 by 62% and LAU-0901 + AT-NPD1 by 90% treatments versus vehicle groups. LAU-0901 and LAU-0901 + DHA increased the production of vasoactive lipid mediators (prostaglandins: PGE2, PGF2- α, 6-keto-PGF1- α, and PGD2) as well an inflammatory regulating mediator hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid. In contrast, LAU-0901 and LAU-0901 + DHA decreased the production of 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, a pro-inflammatory mediator. CONCLUSION Combination therapy with LAU-0901 and selected docosanoids is more effective than the single therapy, affording synergistic neuroprotection, with restored pro-homeostatic lipid mediators and improved neurological recovery. Altogether, our findings support the combinatory therapy as the basis for future therapeutics for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Belayev
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA
| | - Andre Obenaus
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Pranab K Mukherjee
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA
| | - Eric J Knott
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA
| | - Larissa Khoutorova
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA
| | - Madigan M Reid
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA
| | - Cassia R Roque
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA.,Department of Morphology and Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Laboratory of the Biology of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny and Nutrition, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Lawrence Nguyen
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Jeong Bin Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Nicos A Petasis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Reinaldo B Oria
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA.,Department of Morphology and Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Laboratory of the Biology of Tissue Healing, Ontogeny and Nutrition, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Nicolas G Bazan
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA
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Regidor PA, Mueller A, Sailer M, Gonzalez Santos F, Rizo JM, Moreno Egea F. Chronic Inflammation in PCOS: The Potential Benefits of Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators (SPMs) in the Improvement of the Resolutive Response. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010384. [PMID: 33396555 PMCID: PMC7795660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PCOS as the most common endocrine disorder of women in their reproductive age affects between 5–15% of the female population. Apart from its cardinal symptoms, like irregular and anovulatory cycles, hyperandrogenemia and a typical ultrasound feature of the ovary, obesity, and insulin resistance are often associated with the disease. Furthermore, PCOS represents a status of chronic inflammation with permanently elevated levels of inflammatory markers including IL-6 and IL-18, TNF-α, and CRP. Inflammation, as discovered only recently, consists of two processes occurring concomitantly: active initiation, involving “classical” mediators including prostaglandins and leukotrienes, and active resolution processes based on the action of so-called specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). These novel lipid mediator molecules derive from the essential ω3-poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) DHA and EPA and are synthesized via specific intermediates. The role and benefits of SPMs in chronic inflammatory diseases like obesity, atherosclerosis, and Diabetes mellitus has become a subject of intense research during the last years and since PCOS features several of these pathologies, this review aims at summarizing potential roles of SPMs in this disease and their putative use as novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Mueller
- Exeltis Germany GmbH, Adalperostr. 84, 85737 Ismaning, Germany; (A.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Manuela Sailer
- Exeltis Germany GmbH, Adalperostr. 84, 85737 Ismaning, Germany; (A.M.); (M.S.)
| | | | | | - Fernando Moreno Egea
- Solutex SA. Avenida de la Transición Española 24, 28108 Alcobendas, Spain; (F.G.S.); (F.M.E.)
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Sezin T, Ferreirós N, Jennrich M, Ochirbold K, Seutter M, Attah C, Mousavi S, Zillikens D, Geisslinger G, Sadik CD. 12/15-Lipoxygenase choreographs the resolution of IgG-mediated skin inflammation. J Autoimmun 2020; 115:102528. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Chiang N, Serhan CN. Specialized pro-resolving mediator network: an update on production and actions. Essays Biochem 2020; 64:443-462. [PMID: 32885825 PMCID: PMC7682745 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20200018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Today, persistent and uncontrolled inflammation is appreciated to play a pivotal role in many diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic syndrome and many other diseases of public health concern (e.g. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and periodontal disease). The ideal response to initial challenge in humans is a self-limited inflammatory response leading to complete resolution. The resolution phase is now widely recognized as a biosynthetically active process, governed by a superfamily of endogenous chemical mediators that stimulate resolution of inflammatory responses, namely specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs). Because resolution is the natural ideal response, the SPMs have gained attention. SPMs are mediators that include ω-6 arachidonic acid-derived lipoxins, ω-3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-derived resolvins, protectins and maresins, cysteinyl-SPMs, as well as n-3 docosapentaenoic acid (DPA)-derived SPMs. These novel immunoresolvents, their biosynthetic pathways and receptors have proven to promote resolution of inflammation, clearance of microbes, reduce pain and promote tissue regeneration via specific cellular and molecular mechanisms. As of 17 August, 2020, PubMed.gov reported >1170 publications for resolvins, confirming their potent protective actions from many laboratories worldwide. Since this field is rapidly expanding, we provide a short update of advances within 2-3 years from human and preclinical animal studies, together with the structural-functional elucidation of SPMs and identification of novel SPM receptors. These new discoveries indicate that SPMs, their pathways and receptors could provide a basis for new approaches for treating inflammation-associated diseases and for stimulating tissue regeneration via resolution pharmacology and precision nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Chiang
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, U.S.A
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, U.S.A
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Tungen J, Primdahl KG, Hansen TV. The First Total Synthesis of the Lipid Mediator PD2 n-3 DPA. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:2255-2260. [PMID: 32543839 PMCID: PMC7467816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The resolution of inflammation is governed by the active biosynthesis of specialized pro-resolving mediators using ω-6 and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids as substrates. These mediators act as resolution agonists and display several interesting bioactivities. PD2n-3 DPA is an oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesized from n-3 docosapentaenoic acid belonging to the specialized pro-resolving lipid mediator family named protectins. The protectins exhibit anti-inflammatory properties and pro-resolving bioactivities. These endogenously produced compounds are of interest as leads in resolution pharmacology and drug development. Herein, together with its NMR, MS, and UV data, a stereoselective total synthesis of PD2n-3 DPA is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jørn
Eivind Tungen
- Department
of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Karoline Gangestad Primdahl
- Department
of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Trond Vidar Hansen
- Department
of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, 0316 Oslo, Norway
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Schaller MS, Chen M, Colas RA, Sorrentino TA, Lazar AA, Grenon SM, Dalli J, Conte MS. Treatment With a Marine Oil Supplement Alters Lipid Mediators and Leukocyte Phenotype in Healthy Patients and Those With Peripheral Artery Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e016113. [PMID: 32696697 PMCID: PMC7792251 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.016113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an advanced form of atherosclerosis characterized by chronic inflammation. Resolution of inflammation is a highly coordinated process driven by specialized pro‐resolving lipid mediators endogenously derived from omega‐3 fatty acids. We investigated the impact of a short‐course, oral, enriched marine oil supplement on leukocyte phenotype and biochemical mediators in patients with symptomatic PAD and healthy volunteers. Methods and Results This was a prospective, open‐label study of 5‐day oral administration of an enriched marine oil supplement, assessing 3 escalating doses in 10 healthy volunteers and 10 patients with PAD. Over the course of the study, there was a significant increase in the plasma level of several lipid mediator families, total specialized pro‐resolving lipid mediators, and specialized pro‐resolving lipid mediator:prostaglandin ratio. Supplementation was associated with an increase in phagocytic activity of peripheral blood monocytes and neutrophils. Circulating monocyte phenotyping demonstrated reduced expression of multiple proinflammatory markers (cluster of differentiation 18, 163, 54, and 36, and chemokine receptor 2). Similarly, transcriptional profiling of monocyte‐derived macrophages displayed polarization toward a reparative phenotype postsupplementation. The most notable cellular and biochemical changes over the study occurred in patients with PAD. There were strong correlations between integrated biochemical measures of lipid mediators (specialized pro‐resolving lipid mediators:prostaglandin ratio) and phenotypic changes in circulating leukocytes in both healthy individuals and patients with PAD. Conclusions These data suggest that short‐term enriched marine oil supplementation dramatically remodels downstream lipid mediator pathways and induces a less inflammatory and more pro‐resolution phenotype in circulating leukocytes and monocyte‐derived macrophages. Further studies are required to determine the potential clinical relevance of these findings in patients with PAD. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT02719665.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda S Schaller
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Cardiovascular Research Institute University of California, San Francisco San Francisco CA
| | - Mian Chen
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Cardiovascular Research Institute University of California, San Francisco San Francisco CA
| | - Romain A Colas
- William Harvey Research InstituteBarts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London London United Kingdom
| | - Thomas A Sorrentino
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Cardiovascular Research Institute University of California, San Francisco San Francisco CA
| | - Ann A Lazar
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California, San Francisco San Francisco CA
| | - S Marlene Grenon
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Cardiovascular Research Institute University of California, San Francisco San Francisco CA
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- William Harvey Research InstituteBarts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London London United Kingdom.,Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation Queen Mary University of London London United Kingdom
| | - Michael S Conte
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Cardiovascular Research Institute University of California, San Francisco San Francisco CA
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Castro Dos Santos NC, Andere NMRB, Araujo CF, de Marco AC, Kantarci A, Van Dyke TE, Santamaria MP. Omega-3 PUFA and aspirin as adjuncts to periodontal debridement in patients with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Randomized clinical trial. J Periodontol 2020; 91:1318-1327. [PMID: 32103495 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) and low-dose aspirin (ASA) have been proposed as a host modulation regimen to control chronic inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and immunological impact of orally administered ω-3 PUFA and ASA as adjuncts to periodontal debridement for the treatment of periodontitis in patients type 2 diabetes. METHODS Seventy-five patients (n = 25/group) were randomly assigned to receive placebo and periodontal debridement (CG), ω-3 PUFA + ASA (3 g of fish oil/d + 100 mg ASA/d for 2 months) after periodontal debridement (test group [TG]1), or ω-3 PUFA + ASA (3 g of fish oil/d + 100 mg ASA/d for 2 months) before periodontal debridement (TG2). Periodontal parameters and GCF were collected at baseline (t0), 3 months after periodontal debridement and ω-3 PUFA + ASA or placebo for TG1 and CG (t1), after ω-3 PUFA + ASA (before periodontal debridement) for TG2 (t1), and 6 months after periodontal debridement (all groups) (t2). GCF was analyzed for cytokine levels by multiplex ELISA. RESULTS Ten patients (40%) in TG1 and nine patients (36%) in TG2 achieved the clinical endpoint for treatment (less than or equal to four sites with probing depth ≥ 5 mm), as opposed to four (16%) in CG. There was clinical attachment gain in moderate and deep pockets for TG1. IFN-γ and interleukin (IL)-8 levels decreased over time for both test groups. IL-6 levels were lower for TG1. HbA1c levels reduced for TG1. CONCLUSION Adjunctive ω-3 and ASA after periodontal debridement provides clinical and immunological benefits to the treatment of periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidia C Castro Dos Santos
- Division of Periodontics, Unesp - São Paulo State University, Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.,Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Naira M R B Andere
- Division of Periodontics, Unesp - São Paulo State University, Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cássia F Araujo
- Division of Periodontics, Unesp - São Paulo State University, Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea C de Marco
- Division of Periodontics, Unesp - São Paulo State University, Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alpdogan Kantarci
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Thomas E Van Dyke
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mauro P Santamaria
- Division of Periodontics, Unesp - São Paulo State University, Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zhu N, Wang D, Xie F, Qin M, Lin Z, Wang Y. Fabrication and Characterization of Calcium-Phosphate Lipid System for Potential Dental Application. Front Chem 2020; 8:161. [PMID: 32269987 PMCID: PMC7111464 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid has been widely studied as a vehicle and loading vector, but there have been no reports of any such related application in the dental field. The purpose of this research was to fabricate and characterize a nano-size calcium-phosphate lipid (CL) system as a potential vehicle in dental regeneration study, wherein the biocompatibility with dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) was evaluated. The effect of CL on DPSCs proliferation was analyzed by a CCK-8 assay, and the anti-inflammatory effect was investigated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Moreover, the effect of CL on odontogenic differentiation of inflamed DPSCs (iDPSCs) was studied by Alizarin red staining, tissue-non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) staining, qPCR, and western blot analyses. The results of this study showed that CL did not affect the proliferation of DPSCs, it down-regulated the inflammatory-associated markers (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, COX-2) of DPSCs treated with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and enhanced the in-vitro odontogenic differentiation potential of iDPSCs. This novel biomaterial has a broad application prospect for its bioactivity and flexible physical property, and thus represents a promising pulpal regeneration material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningxin Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Xie
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Man Qin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Pangopoulos MK, Nolsøe JMN, Antonsen SG, Colas RA, Dalli J, Aursnes M, Stenstrøm Y, Hansen TV. Enzymatic studies with 3-oxa n-3 DPA. Bioorg Chem 2020; 96:103653. [PMID: 32062066 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 and several lipoxygenases convert polyunsaturated fatty acids into a large variety of products. During inflammatory processes, these enzymes form several distinct families of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators possessing potent anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving effects. These mediators have attracted a great interest as leads in drug discovery and have recently been the subject of biosynthetic pathway studies using docosahexaenoic and n-3 docosapentaenoic acid as substrates. Herein we present enzymatic studies with cyclooxygenase-2 and 5-, 12- and 15-lipoxygenase enzymes using 3-oxa n-3 DPA as a synthetic mimic of n-3 docosapentaenoic acid. Structural elucidation based on data from RP-HPLC UV and LC/MS-MS experiments enabled the identification of novel enzymatically formed products. These findings constitute the basis for further biosynthetic studies towards understanding the mechanisms regulating substrate utilization in the biosynthesis of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria K Pangopoulos
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Jens M N Nolsøe
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Simen G Antonsen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Romain A Colas
- Lipid Mediator Unit, Center for Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- Lipid Mediator Unit, Center for Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; Centre for Inflammation and Therapeutic Innovation, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Marius Aursnes
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Yngve Stenstrøm
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Trond Vidar Hansen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, PO Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway; Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
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46
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Zhou Y, Lei J, Xie Q, Wu L, Jin S, Guo B, Wang X, Yan G, Zhang Q, Zhao H, Zhang J, Zhang X, Wang J, Gu J, Liu X, Ye D, Miao H, Serhan CN, Li Y. Fibrinogen-like protein 2 controls sepsis catabasis by interacting with resolvin Dp5. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax0629. [PMID: 31763448 PMCID: PMC6853772 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax0629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms that drive programmed resolution of inflammation remain elusive. Here, we report the temporal regulation of soluble (s) and transmembrane (m) fibrinogen-like protein 2 (Fgl2) during inflammation and show that both sFgl2 and mFgl2 correlate with the outcome. The expression and ectodomain shedding of Fgl2 are respectively promoted by miR-466l and metalloproteinases (ADAM10 and ADAM17) during inflammation resolution. Deficiency of Fgl2 enhances polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) infiltration but impairs macrophage (MΦ) maturation and phagocytosis and inhibits the production of n-3 docosapentaenoic acid-derived resolvin 5 (RvDp5). In contrast, administration of sFgl2 blunts PMN infiltration as well as promotes PMN apoptosis and RvDp5 biosynthesis. By activating ALX/FPR2, RvDp5 enhances sFgl2 secretion via ADAM17 and synergistically accelerates resolution of inflammation. These results uncover a previously unknown endogenous programmed mechanism by which Fgl2 regulates resolution of inflammation and shed new light on clinical sepsis treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Juan Lei
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Qichao Xie
- Department of Oncology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Shengwei Jin
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, China
| | - Bo Guo
- Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, Baoan Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Guifang Yan
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Huakan Zhao
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jiangang Zhang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jingchun Wang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jiaqi Gu
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Family Planning Department, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Duyun Ye
- Department of Pathophysiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hongming Miao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Charles N. Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Hale Transformative Medicine Building, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
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Rodríguez M, G Rebollar P, Mattioli S, Castellini C. n-3 PUFA Sources (Precursor/Products): A Review of Current Knowledge on Rabbit. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9100806. [PMID: 31618904 PMCID: PMC6827073 DOI: 10.3390/ani9100806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This review compares the effects of different n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) sources on biological activity, physiological/reproductive endpoints, and health implications with a special emphasis on a rabbit case study. Linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) are members of two classes of PUFAs, namely the n-6 and n-3 series, which are required for normal human health. Both are considered precursors of a cascade of molecules (eicosanoids), which take part in many biological processes (inflammation, vasoconstriction/vasodilation, thromboregulation, etc.). However, their biological functions are opposite and are mainly related to the form (precursor or long-chain products) in which they were administered and to the enzyme-substrate preference. ALA is widely present in common vegetable oils and foods, marine algae, and natural herbs, whereas its long-chain PUFA derivatives are available mainly in fish and animal product origins. Recent studies have shown that the accumulation of n-3 PUFAs seems mostly to be tissue-dependent and acts in a tissue-selective manner. Furthermore, dietary n-3 PUFAs widely affect the lipid oxidation susceptibility of all tissues. In conclusion, sustainable sources of n-3 PUFAs are limited and exert a different effect about (1) the form in which they are administered, precursor or derivatives; (2) their antioxidant protections; and (3) the purpose to be achieved (health improvement, physiological and reproductive traits, metabolic pathways, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- María Rodríguez
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Pilar G Rebollar
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Simona Mattioli
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Cesare Castellini
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy.
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Gutiérrez S, Svahn SL, Johansson ME. Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Immune Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205028. [PMID: 31614433 PMCID: PMC6834330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations on the immune system caused by omega-3 fatty acids have been described for 30 years. This family of polyunsaturated fatty acids exerts major alterations on the activation of cells from both the innate and the adaptive immune system, although the mechanisms for such regulation are diverse. First, as a constitutive part of the cellular membrane, omega-3 fatty acids can regulate cellular membrane properties, such as membrane fluidity or complex assembly in lipid rafts. In recent years, however, a new role for omega-3 fatty acids and their derivatives as signaling molecules has emerged. In this review, we describe the latest findings describing the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on different cells from the immune system and their possible molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saray Gutiérrez
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Sara L Svahn
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Maria E Johansson
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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McElvaney OJ, Wade P, Murphy M, Reeves EP, McElvaney NG. Targeting airway inflammation in cystic fibrosis. Expert Rev Respir Med 2019; 13:1041-1055. [PMID: 31530195 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2019.1666715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is lung disease. Inflammation in the CF airways occurs from a young age and contributes significantly to disease progression and shortened life expectancy. Areas covered: In this review, we discuss the key immune cells involved in airway inflammation in CF, the contribution of the intrinsic genetic defect to the CF inflammatory phenotype, and anti-inflammatory strategies designed to overcome what is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of CF lung disease. Review of the literature was carried out using the MEDLINE (from 1975 to 2018), Google Scholar and The Cochrane Library databases. Expert opinion: Therapeutic interventions specifically targeting the defective CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein have changed the clinical landscape and significantly improved the outlook for CF. As survival estimates for people with CF increase, long-term management has become an important focus, with an increased need for therapies targeted at specific elements of inflammation, to complement CFTR modulator therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver J McElvaney
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Patricia Wade
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Mark Murphy
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Emer P Reeves
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Noel G McElvaney
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital , Dublin , Ireland
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Maseda D, Ricciotti E, Crofford LJ. Prostaglandin regulation of T cell biology. Pharmacol Res 2019; 149:104456. [PMID: 31553935 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandins (PG) are pleiotropic bioactive lipids involved in the control of many physiological processes, including key roles in regulating inflammation. This links PG to the modulation of the quality and magnitude of immune responses. T cells, as a core part of the immune system, respond readily to inflammatory cues from their environment, and express a diverse array of PG receptors that contribute to their function and phenotype. Here we put in context our knowledge about how PG affect T cell biology, and review advances that bring light into how specific T cell functions that have been newly discovered are modulated through PG. We will also comment on drugs that target PG metabolism and sensing, their effect on T cell function during disease, and we will finally discuss how we can design new approaches that modulate PG in order to maximize desired therapeutic T cell effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Maseda
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 8-138 Smillow Center for Translational Research, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Emanuela Ricciotti
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Leslie J Crofford
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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