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Yamamoto K, Scilabra SD, Bonelli S, Jensen A, Scavenius C, Enghild JJ, Strickland DK. Novel insights into the multifaceted and tissue-specific roles of the endocytic receptor LRP1. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107521. [PMID: 38950861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Receptor-mediated endocytosis provides a mechanism for the selective uptake of specific molecules thereby controlling the composition of the extracellular environment and biological processes. The low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) is a widely expressed endocytic receptor that regulates cellular events by modulating the levels of numerous extracellular molecules via rapid endocytic removal. LRP1 also participates in signalling pathways through this modulation as well as in the interaction with membrane receptors and cytoplasmic adaptor proteins. LRP1 SNPs are associated with several diseases and conditions such as migraines, aortic aneurysms, cardiopulmonary dysfunction, corneal clouding, and bone dysmorphology and mineral density. Studies using Lrp1 KO mice revealed a critical, nonredundant and tissue-specific role of LRP1 in regulating various physiological events. However, exactly how LRP1 functions to regulate so many distinct and specific processes is still not fully clear. Our recent proteomics studies have identified more than 300 secreted proteins that either directly interact with LRP1 or are modulated by LRP1 in various tissues. This review will highlight the remarkable ability of this receptor to regulate secreted molecules in a tissue-specific manner and discuss potential mechanisms underpinning such specificity. Uncovering the depth of these "hidden" specific interactions modulated by LRP1 will provide novel insights into a dynamic and complex extracellular environment that is involved in diverse biological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | - Simone D Scilabra
- Proteomics Group of Ri.MED Foundation, Research Department IRCCS ISMETT, Palermo, Italy
| | - Simone Bonelli
- Proteomics Group of Ri.MED Foundation, Research Department IRCCS ISMETT, Palermo, Italy; Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Anders Jensen
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Carsten Scavenius
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jan J Enghild
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Dudley K Strickland
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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2
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Betts JHJ, Troeberg L. Review: Mechanisms of TIMP-3 accumulation and pathogenesis in Sorsby fundus dystrophy. Mol Vis 2024; 30:74-91. [PMID: 38601018 PMCID: PMC11006011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Sorsby fundus dystrophy (SFD) is a rare, inherited form of macular degeneration caused by mutations in the gene encoding tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3 (TIMP-3). There are 21 mutations currently associated with SFD, with some variants (e.g., Ser179Cys, Tyr191Cys, and Ser204Cys) having been studied much more than others. We review what is currently known about the identified SFD variants in terms of their dimerization, metalloproteinase inhibition, and impact on angiogenesis, with a focus on disparities between reports and areas requiring further study. We also explore the potential molecular mechanisms leading to the accumulation of extracellular TIMP-3 in SFD and consider how accumulated TIMP-3 causes macular damage. Recent reports have identified extraocular pathologies in a small number of SFD patients. We discuss these intriguing findings and consider the apparent discrepancy between the widespread expression of TIMP-3 and the primarily retinal manifestations of SFD. The potential benefits of novel experimental approaches (e.g., metabolomics and stem cell models) in terms of investigating SFD pathology are presented. The review thus highlights gaps in our current molecular understanding of SFD and suggests ways to support the development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob H J Betts
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Rosalind Franklin Road, Norwich, UK
| | - Linda Troeberg
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Rosalind Franklin Road, Norwich, UK
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3
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Bhattacharjee A, Singh N, Kumar P, Katti DS. Sulfated carboxymethylcellulose mediated enhancement of Timp3 efficacy synergistically attenuates osteoarthritis through inhibition of NFκB and JNK. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 316:121061. [PMID: 37321710 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint condition with no effective disease modifying treatments. In this study, we aimed to address multiple OA hallmarks using a combination of pro-chondrogenic sulfated carboxymethylcellulose (sCMC) and anti-catabolic tissue inhibitor of metalloproteases 3 (Timp3) in relevant disease systems. Firstly, we chemically sulfated carboxymethylcellulose to impart a negative charge and improve the stability of cationic Timp3. The modified sCMC exhibited a molecular weight of 10 kDa and a degree of sulfation of ∼10 %. We further demonstrated that sulfation of CMC confers pro-chondrogenic characteristics. Subsequently, we demonstrated that the combination of sCMC and Timp3 effectively reduced key OA hallmarks, such as matrix degradation, inflammation, and protease expression, in a goat ex vivo OA model compared to individual treatments. We further demonstrated that the anti-OA effect of sCMC and Timp3 is mediated through the suppression of NFκB and JNK activation. To validate the clinical potential and mechanism of action, we conducted experiments on human OA explants. The combination treatment synergistically reduced the expression of MMP13 and NFκB in human OA explants. Overall, sCMC-mediated enhancement of Timp3 efficacy synergistically reduced OA-like traits and demonstrates the potential for OA amelioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Bhattacharjee
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India; The Mehta Family Center for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Nihal Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India; The Mehta Family Center for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Praganesh Kumar
- Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208002, India
| | - Dhirendra S Katti
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India; The Mehta Family Center for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India.
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4
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Farrugia BL, Melrose J. The Glycosaminoglycan Side Chains and Modular Core Proteins of Heparan Sulphate Proteoglycans and the Varied Ways They Provide Tissue Protection by Regulating Physiological Processes and Cellular Behaviour. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14101. [PMID: 37762403 PMCID: PMC10531531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review examines the roles of HS-proteoglycans (HS-PGs) in general, and, in particular, perlecan and syndecan as representative examples and their interactive ligands, which regulate physiological processes and cellular behavior in health and disease. HS-PGs are essential for the functional properties of tissues both in development and in the extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling that occurs in response to trauma or disease. HS-PGs interact with a biodiverse range of chemokines, chemokine receptors, protease inhibitors, and growth factors in immune regulation, inflammation, ECM stabilization, and tissue protection. Some cell regulatory proteoglycan receptors are dually modified hybrid HS/CS proteoglycans (betaglycan, CD47). Neurexins provide synaptic stabilization, plasticity, and specificity of interaction, promoting neurotransduction, neurogenesis, and differentiation. Ternary complexes of glypican-1 and Robbo-Slit neuroregulatory proteins direct axonogenesis and neural network formation. Specific neurexin-neuroligin complexes stabilize synaptic interactions and neural activity. Disruption in these interactions leads to neurological deficits in disorders of functional cognitive decline. Interactions with HS-PGs also promote or inhibit tumor development. Thus, HS-PGs have complex and diverse regulatory roles in the physiological processes that regulate cellular behavior and the functional properties of normal and pathological tissues. Specialized HS-PGs, such as the neurexins, pikachurin, and Eyes-shut, provide synaptic stabilization and specificity of neural transduction and also stabilize the axenome primary cilium of phototoreceptors and ribbon synapse interactions with bipolar neurons of retinal neural networks, which are essential in ocular vision. Pikachurin and Eyes-Shut interactions with an α-dystroglycan stabilize the photoreceptor synapse. Novel regulatory roles for HS-PGs controlling cell behavior and tissue function are expected to continue to be uncovered in this fascinating class of proteoglycan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke L. Farrugia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - James Melrose
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Raymond Purves Laboratory of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
- Sydney Medical School (Northern), University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
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5
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Green J, Tinson RAJ, Betts JHJ, Piras M, Pelut A, Steverding D, Wren SP, Searcey M, Troeberg L. Suramin analogues protect cartilage against osteoarthritic breakdown by increasing levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3 (TIMP-3) in the tissue. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 92:117424. [PMID: 37517101 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative joint disease affecting millions of people worldwide, with no disease-modifying drugs currently available to treat the disease. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3 (TIMP-3) is a potential therapeutic target in osteoarthritis because of its ability to inhibit the catabolic metalloproteinases that drive joint damage by degrading the cartilage extracellular matrix. We previously found that suramin inhibits cartilage degradation through its ability to block endocytosis and intracellular degradation of TIMP-3 by low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), and analysis of commercially available suramin analogues indicated the importance of the 1,3,5-trisulfonic acid substitutions on the terminal naphthalene rings for this activity. Here we describe synthesis and structure-activity relationship analysis of additional suramin analogues using ex vivo models of TIMP-3 trafficking and cartilage degradation. This showed that 1,3,6-trisulfonic acid substitution of the terminal naphthalene rings was also effective, and that the protective activity of suramin analogues depended on the presence of a rigid phenyl-containing central region, with para/para substitution of these phenyl rings being most favourable. Truncated analogues lost protective activity. The physicochemical characteristics of suramin and its analogues indicate that approaches such as intra-articular injection would be required to develop them for therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Green
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan A J Tinson
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom; School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob H J Betts
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Monica Piras
- Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
| | - Aylin Pelut
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Dietmar Steverding
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen P Wren
- Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom; Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames KT1 2EE, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Searcey
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Troeberg
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom.
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6
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Sharma D, Singh NK. The Biochemistry and Physiology of A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinases (ADAMs and ADAM-TSs) in Human Pathologies. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 184:69-120. [PMID: 35061104 DOI: 10.1007/112_2021_67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metalloproteinases are a group of proteinases that plays a substantial role in extracellular matrix remodeling and its molecular signaling. Among these metalloproteinases, ADAMs (a disintegrin and metalloproteinases) and ADAM-TSs (ADAMs with thrombospondin domains) have emerged as highly efficient contributors mediating proteolytic processing of various signaling molecules. ADAMs are transmembrane metalloenzymes that facilitate the extracellular domain shedding of membrane-anchored proteins, cytokines, growth factors, ligands, and their receptors and therefore modulate their biological functions. ADAM-TSs are secretory, and soluble extracellular proteinases that mediate the cleavage of non-fibrillar extracellular matrix proteins. ADAMs and ADAM-TSs possess pro-domain, metalloproteinase, disintegrin, and cysteine-rich domains in common, but ADAM-TSs have characteristic thrombospondin motifs instead of the transmembrane domain. Most ADAMs and ADAM-TSs are activated by cleavage of pro-domain via pro-protein convertases at their N-terminus, hence directing them to various signaling pathways. In this article, we are discussing not only the structure and regulation of ADAMs and ADAM-TSs, but also the importance of these metalloproteinases in various human pathophysiological conditions like cardiovascular diseases, colorectal cancer, autoinflammatory diseases (sepsis/rheumatoid arthritis), Alzheimer's disease, proliferative retinopathies, and infectious diseases. Therefore, based on the emerging role of ADAMs and ADAM-TSs in various human pathologies, as summarized in this review, these metalloproteases can be considered as critical therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Sharma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Integrative Biosciences Center (IBio), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Nikhlesh K Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Integrative Biosciences Center (IBio), Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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7
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Chemistry and Function of Glycosaminoglycans in the Nervous System. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 29:117-162. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12390-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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8
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Hua SH, Viera M, Yip GW, Bay BH. Theranostic Applications of Glycosaminoglycans in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010266. [PMID: 36612261 PMCID: PMC9818616 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) makes up the majority of kidney cancers, with a poor prognosis for metastatic RCC (mRCC). Challenges faced in the management of mRCC, include a lack of reliable prognostic markers and biomarkers for precise monitoring of disease treatment, together with the potential risk of toxicity associated with more recent therapeutic options. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a class of carbohydrates that can be categorized into four main subclasses, viz., chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, heparan sulfate and keratan sulfate. GAGs are known to be closely associated with cancer progression and modulation of metastasis by modification of the tumor microenvironment. Alterations of expression, composition and spatiotemporal distribution of GAGs in the extracellular matrix (ECM), dysregulate ECM functions and drive cancer invasion. In this review, we focus on the clinical utility of GAGs as biomarkers for mRCC (which is important for risk stratification and strategizing effective treatment protocols), as well as potential therapeutic targets that could benefit patients afflicted with advanced RCC. Besides GAG-targeted therapies that holds promise in mRCC, other potential strategies include utilizing GAGs as drug carriers and their mimetics to counter cancer progression, and enhance immunotherapy through binding and transducing signals for immune mediators.
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9
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Deglycosylation Increases the Aggregation and Angiogenic Properties of Mutant Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase 3 Protein: Implications for Sorsby Fundus Dystrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214231. [PMID: 36430707 PMCID: PMC9696176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorsby fundus dystrophy (SFD) is an autosomal dominant macular disorder caused by mutations in tissue Inhibitor of the metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP3) gene with the onset of symptoms including choroidal neovascularization as early as the second decade of life. We have previously reported that wild-type TIMP3 is an endogenous angiogenesis inhibitor that inhibits Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)-mediated signaling in endothelial cells. In contrast, SFD-related S179C-TIMP3 when expressed in endothelial cells, does not have angiogenesis-inhibitory properties. To evaluate if this is a common feature of TIMP3 mutants associated with SFD, we examined and compared endothelial cells expressing S179C, Y191C and S204C TIMP3 mutants for their angiogenesis-inhibitory function. Western blot analysis, zymography and reverse zymography and migration assays were utilized to evaluate TIMP3 protein, Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP) and MMP inhibitory activity, VEGF signaling and in vitro migration in endothelial cells expressing (VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) and wild-type TIMP3 or mutant-TIMP3. We demonstrate that mutant S179C, Y191C- and S204C-TIMP3 all show increased glycosylation and multimerization/aggregation of the TIMP3 protein. In addition, endothelial cells expressing TIMP3 mutations show increased angiogenic activities and elevated VEGFR-2. Removal of N-glycosylation by mutation of Asn184, the only potential N-glycosylation site in mutant TIMP3, resulted in increased aggregation of TIMP3, further upregulation of VEGFR-2, VEGF-induced phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and VEGF-mediated migration concomitant with reduced MMP inhibitory activity. These results suggest that even though mutant TIMP3 proteins are more glycosylated, post-translational deglycosylation may play a critical role in the aggregation of mutant TIMP3 and contribute to the pathogenesis of SFD. The identification of factors that might contribute to changes in the glycome of patients with SFD will be useful. Future studies will evaluate whether variations in the glycosylation of mutant TIMP3 proteins are contributing to the severity of the disease.
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10
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Qu H, Khalil RA. Role of ADAM and ADAMTS Disintegrin and Metalloproteinases in Normal Pregnancy and Preeclampsia. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115266. [PMID: 36191626 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Normal pregnancy (NP) involves intricate processes starting with egg fertilization, proceeding to embryo implantation, placentation and gestation, and culminating in parturition. These pregnancy-related processes require marked uteroplacental and vascular remodeling by proteolytic enzymes and metalloproteinases. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) and ADAM with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) are members of the zinc-dependent family of proteinases with highly conserved protein structure and sequence homology, which include a pro-domain, and a metalloproteinase, disintegrin and cysteine-rich domain. In NP, ADAMs and ADAMTS regulate sperm-egg fusion, embryo implantation, trophoblast invasion, placental angiogenesis and spiral arteries remodeling through their ectodomain proteolysis of cell surface cytokines, cadherins and growth factors as well as their adhesion with integrins and cell-cell junction proteins. Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious complication of pregnancy characterized by new-onset hypertension (HTN) in pregnancy (HTN-Preg) at or after 20 weeks of gestation, with or without proteinuria. Insufficient trophoblast invasion of the uterine wall, inadequate expansive remodeling of the spiral arteries, reduced uteroplacental perfusion pressure, and placental ischemia/hypoxia are major initiating events in the pathogenesis of PE. Placental ischemia/hypoxia increase the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which lead to aberrant expression/activity of certain ADAMs and ADAMTS. In PE, abnormal expression/activity of specific ADAMs and ADAMTS that function as proteolytic sheddases could alter proangiogenic and growth factors, and promote the release of antiangiogenic factors and inflammatory cytokines into the placenta and maternal circulation leading to generalized inflammation, endothelial cell injury and HTN-Preg, renal injury and proteinuria, and further decreases in uteroplacental blood flow, exaggeration of placental ischemia, and consequently fetal growth restriction. Identifying the role of ADAMs and ADAMTS in NP and PE has led to a better understanding of the underlying molecular and vascular pathways, and advanced the potential for novel biomarkers for prediction and early detection, and new approaches for the management of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Qu
- Vascular Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Raouf A Khalil
- Vascular Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
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11
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Yamamoto K, Scavenius C, Meschis MM, Gremida AME, Mogensen EH, Thøgersen IB, Bonelli S, Scilabra SD, Jensen A, Santamaria S, Ahnström J, Bou-Gharios G, Enghild JJ, Nagase H. A top-down approach to uncover the hidden ligandome of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 in cartilage. Matrix Biol 2022; 112:190-218. [PMID: 36028175 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) is a cell-surface receptor ubiquitously expressed in various tissues. It plays tissue-specific roles by mediating endocytosis of a diverse range of extracellular molecules. Dysregulation of LRP1 is involved in multiple conditions including osteoarthritis (OA) but little information is available about the specific profile of direct binding partners of LRP1 (ligandome) for each tissue, which would lead to a better understanding of its role in disease states. Here, we investigated adult articular cartilage where impaired LRP1-mediated endocytosis leads to tissue destruction. We used a top-down approach involving proteomic analysis of the LRP1 interactome in human chondrocytes, direct binding assays using purified LRP1 and ligand candidates, and validation in LRP1-deficient fibroblasts and human chondrocytes, as well as a novel Lrp1 conditional knockout (KO) mouse model. We found that inhibition of LRP1 and ligand interaction results in cell death, alteration of the entire secretome and transcriptional modulations in human chondrocytes. We identified a chondrocyte-specific LRP1 ligandome consisting of more than 50 novel ligand candidates. Surprisingly, 23 previously reported LRP1 ligands were not regulated by LRP1-mediated endocytosis in human chondrocytes. We confirmed direct LRP1 binding of HGFAC, HMGB1, HMGB2, CEMIP, SLIT2, ADAMTS1, TSG6, IGFBP7, SPARC and LIF, correlation between their affinity for LRP1 and the rate of endocytosis, and some of their intracellular localization. Moreover, a conditional LRP1 KO mouse model demonstrated a critical role of LRP1 in regulating the high-affinity ligands in cartilage in vivo. This systematic approach revealed the specificity and the extent of the chondrocyte LRP1 ligandome and identified potential novel therapeutic targets for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, United Kingdom.
| | - Carsten Scavenius
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maria M Meschis
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, United Kingdom
| | - Abdulrahman M E Gremida
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, United Kingdom
| | - Emilie H Mogensen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ida B Thøgersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Simone Bonelli
- Fondazione RiMED - ISMETT via Ernesto Tricomi 5, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Simone D Scilabra
- Fondazione RiMED - ISMETT via Ernesto Tricomi 5, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Anders Jensen
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, United Kingdom
| | - Salvatore Santamaria
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, W12 0NN, London, United Kingdom
| | - Josefin Ahnström
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, W12 0NN, London, United Kingdom
| | - George Bou-Gharios
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, United Kingdom
| | - Jan J Enghild
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hideaki Nagase
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
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12
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Sulfated carboxymethylcellulose-based scaffold mediated delivery of Timp3 alleviates osteoarthritis. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 212:54-66. [PMID: 35588980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating progressive joint disease with high incidence and socioeconomic burden. However, no disease-modifying treatment is currently available for OA. Here, we report a sulfated carboxymethylcellulose-based scaffold mediated delivery of tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease 3 (Timp3) as a disease-modifying therapeutic strategy for OA. First, we chemically modified carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) to sulfated carboxymethylcellulose (sCMC) to impart native-like electrostatic interaction-based binding of cationic proteins. We then fabricated cartilage ECM mimicking sCMC-gelatin scaffolds which showed preferential binding and sustained delivery of Timp3. This scaffold-mediated delivery of Timp3 demonstrated a reduction in matrix degradation, protease expression and inflammatory markers in the goat ex vivo OA model leading to enhanced retention of cartilage ECM markers when compared to OA control. Further, similar results were obtained when sCMC-gelatin scaffolds were evaluated using human OA samples, supporting its clinical potential. Overall, the Timp3 loaded sCMC-gelatin scaffold shows potential as a treatment approach for OA.
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13
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ADAM and ADAMTS disintegrin and metalloproteinases as major factors and molecular targets in vascular malfunction and disease. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2022; 94:255-363. [PMID: 35659374 PMCID: PMC9231755 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase (ADAM) and A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs (ADAMTS) are two closely related families of proteolytic enzymes. ADAMs are largely membrane-bound enzymes that act as molecular scissors or sheddases of membrane-bound proteins, growth factors, cytokines, receptors and ligands, whereas ADAMTS are mainly secreted enzymes. ADAMs have a pro-domain, and a metalloproteinase, disintegrin, cysteine-rich and transmembrane domain. Similarly, ADAMTS family members have a pro-domain, and a metalloproteinase, disintegrin, and cysteine-rich domain, but instead of a transmembrane domain they have thrombospondin motifs. Most ADAMs and ADAMTS are activated by pro-protein convertases, and can be regulated by G-protein coupled receptor agonists, Ca2+ ionophores and protein kinase C. Activated ADAMs and ADAMTS participate in numerous vascular processes including angiogenesis, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, vascular cell apoptosis, cell survival, tissue repair, and wound healing. ADAMs and ADAMTS also play a role in vascular malfunction and cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, heart failure, peripheral artery disease, and vascular aneurysm. Decreased ADAMTS13 is involved in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and microangiopathies. The activity of ADAMs and ADAMTS can be regulated by endogenous tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases and other synthetic small molecule inhibitors. ADAMs and ADAMTS can be used as diagnostic biomarkers and molecular targets in cardiovascular disease, and modulators of ADAMs and ADAMTS activity may provide potential new approaches for the management of cardiovascular disorders.
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14
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du Preez HN, Aldous C, Hayden MR, Kruger HG, Lin J. Pathogenesis of COVID-19 described through the lens of an undersulfated and degraded epithelial and endothelial glycocalyx. FASEB J 2021; 36:e22052. [PMID: 34862979 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101100rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The glycocalyx surrounds every eukaryotic cell and is a complex mesh of proteins and carbohydrates. It consists of proteoglycans with glycosaminoglycan side chains, which are highly sulfated under normal physiological conditions. The degree of sulfation and the position of the sulfate groups mainly determine biological function. The intact highly sulfated glycocalyx of the epithelium may repel severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) through electrostatic forces. However, if the glycocalyx is undersulfated and 3-O-sulfotransferase 3B (3OST-3B) is overexpressed, as is the case during chronic inflammatory conditions, SARS-CoV-2 entry may be facilitated by the glycocalyx. The degree of sulfation and position of the sulfate groups will also affect functions such as immune modulation, the inflammatory response, vascular permeability and tone, coagulation, mediation of sheer stress, and protection against oxidative stress. The rate-limiting factor to sulfation is the availability of inorganic sulfate. Various genetic and epigenetic factors will affect sulfur metabolism and inorganic sulfate availability, such as various dietary factors, and exposure to drugs, environmental toxins, and biotoxins, which will deplete inorganic sulfate. The role that undersulfation plays in the various comorbid conditions that predispose to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is also considered. The undersulfated glycocalyx may not only increase susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection, but would also result in a hyperinflammatory response, vascular permeability, and shedding of the glycocalyx components, giving rise to a procoagulant and antifibrinolytic state and eventual multiple organ failure. These symptoms relate to a diagnosis of systemic septic shock seen in almost all COVID-19 deaths. The focus of prevention and treatment protocols proposed is the preservation of epithelial and endothelial glycocalyx integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi N du Preez
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Colleen Aldous
- College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Melvin R Hayden
- Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA.,Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Center, University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Hendrik G Kruger
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Johnson Lin
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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15
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Yamamoto K, Wilkinson D, Bou-Gharios G. Targeting Dysregulation of Metalloproteinase Activity in Osteoarthritis. Calcif Tissue Int 2021; 109:277-290. [PMID: 32772139 PMCID: PMC8403128 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00739-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metalloproteinases were first identified as collagen cleaving enzymes and are now appreciated to play important roles in a wide variety of biological processes. The aberrant activity and dysregulation of the metalloproteinase family are linked to numerous diseases including cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, chronic wounds, cancer, fibrosis and arthritis. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent age-related joint disorder that causes pain and disability, but there are no disease-modifying drugs available. The hallmark of OA is loss of articular cartilage and elevated activities of matrix-degrading metalloproteinases are responsible. These enzymes do not exist in isolation and their activity is tightly regulated by a number of processes, such as transcription, proteolytic activation, interaction with their inhibitors, cell surface and extracellular matrix molecules, and endocytic clearance from the extracellular milieu. Here, we describe the functions and roles of metalloproteinase family in OA pathogenesis. We highlight recent studies that have illustrated novel mechanisms regulating their extracellular activity and impairment of such regulations that lead to the development of OA. We also discuss how to stop or slow down the degenerative processes by targeting aberrant metalloproteinase activity, which may in future become therapeutic interventions for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK.
| | - David Wilkinson
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - George Bou-Gharios
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
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16
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Vogel S, Ullm F, Müller CD, Pompe T, Hempel U. Impact of binding mode of low-sulfated hyaluronan to 3D collagen matrices on its osteoinductive effect for human bone marrow stromal cells. Biol Chem 2021; 402:1465-1478. [PMID: 34085493 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Synthetically sulfated hyaluronan derivatives were shown to facilitate osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSC) by application in solution or incorporated in thin collagen-based coatings. In the presented study, using a biomimetic three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model based on fibrillary collagen I (3D Col matrix), we asked on the impact of binding mode of low sulfated hyaluronan (sHA) in terms of adsorptive and covalent binding on osteogenic differentiation of hBMSC. Both binding modes of sHA induced osteogenic differentiation. Although for adsorptive binding of sHA a strong intracellular uptake of sHA was observed, implicating an intracellular mode of action, covalent binding of sHA to the 3D matrix induced also intense osteoinductive effects pointing towards an extracellular mode of action of sHA in osteogenic differentiation. In summary, the results emphasize the relevance of fibrillary 3D Col matrices as a model to study hBMSC differentiation in vitro in a physiological-like environment and that sHA can display dose-dependent osteoinductive effects in dependence on presentation mode in cell culture scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Vogel
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307Dresden, Germany
| | - Franziska Ullm
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 21-23, D-04103Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claudia Damaris Müller
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307Dresden, Germany
| | - Tilo Pompe
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 21-23, D-04103Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ute Hempel
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307Dresden, Germany
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17
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Serpins in cartilage and osteoarthritis: what do we know? Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:1013-1026. [PMID: 33843993 PMCID: PMC8106492 DOI: 10.1042/bst20201231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Serpins (serine proteinase inhibitors) are an ancient superfamily of structurally similar proteins, the majority of which use an elegant suicide inhibition mechanism to target serine proteinases. Despite likely evolving from a single common ancestor, the 36 human serpins have established roles regulating diverse biological processes, such as blood coagulation, embryonic development and extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover. Genetic mutations in serpin genes underpin a host of monogenic disorders — collectively termed the ‘serpinopathies’ — but serpin dysregulation has also been shown to drive pathological mechanisms in many common diseases. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disorder, characterised by the progressive destruction of articular cartilage. This breakdown of the cartilage is driven by the metalloproteinases, and it has long been established that an imbalance of metalloproteinases to their inhibitors is of critical importance. More recently, a role for serine proteinases in cartilage destruction is emerging; including the activation of latent matrix metalloproteinases and cell-surface receptors, or direct proteolysis of the ECM. Serpins likely regulate these processes, as well as having roles beyond serine proteinase inhibition. Indeed, serpins are routinely observed to be highly modulated in osteoarthritic tissues and fluids by ‘omic analysis, but despite this, they are largely ignored. Confusing nomenclature and an underappreciation for the role of serine proteinases in osteoarthritis (OA) being the likely causes. In this narrative review, serpin structure, biochemistry and nomenclature are introduced, and for the first time, their putative importance in maintaining joint tissues — as well as their dysregulation in OA — are explored.
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18
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Karamanos NK, Theocharis AD, Piperigkou Z, Manou D, Passi A, Skandalis SS, Vynios DH, Orian-Rousseau V, Ricard-Blum S, Schmelzer CEH, Duca L, Durbeej M, Afratis NA, Troeberg L, Franchi M, Masola V, Onisto M. A guide to the composition and functions of the extracellular matrix. FEBS J 2021; 288:6850-6912. [PMID: 33605520 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 111.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic 3-dimensional network of macromolecules that provides structural support for the cells and tissues. Accumulated knowledge clearly demonstrated over the last decade that ECM plays key regulatory roles since it orchestrates cell signaling, functions, properties and morphology. Extracellularly secreted as well as cell-bound factors are among the major members of the ECM family. Proteins/glycoproteins, such as collagens, elastin, laminins and tenascins, proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans, hyaluronan, and their cell receptors such as CD44 and integrins, responsible for cell adhesion, comprise a well-organized functional network with significant roles in health and disease. On the other hand, enzymes such as matrix metalloproteinases and specific glycosidases including heparanase and hyaluronidases contribute to matrix remodeling and affect human health. Several cell processes and functions, among them cell proliferation and survival, migration, differentiation, autophagy, angiogenesis, and immunity regulation are affected by certain matrix components. Structural alterations have been also well associated with disease progression. This guide on the composition and functions of the ECM gives a broad overview of the matrisome, the major ECM macromolecules, and their interaction networks within the ECM and with the cell surface, summarizes their main structural features and their roles in tissue organization and cell functions, and emphasizes the importance of specific ECM constituents in disease development and progression as well as the advances in molecular targeting of ECM to design new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece.,Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
| | - Achilleas D Theocharis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece.,Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitra Manou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Alberto Passi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Spyros S Skandalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Demitrios H Vynios
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Greece
| | - Véronique Orian-Rousseau
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems- Functional Molecular Systems, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Sylvie Ricard-Blum
- University of Lyon, UMR 5246, ICBMS, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Christian E H Schmelzer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Laurent Duca
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Team 2: Matrix Aging and Vascular Remodelling, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne (URCA), UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Reims, France
| | - Madeleine Durbeej
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Unit of Muscle Biology, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Nikolaos A Afratis
- Department Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Linda Troeberg
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Bob Champion Research and Education Building, Norwich, UK
| | - Marco Franchi
- Department for Life Quality Study, University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Onisto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
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19
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McClurg O, Tinson R, Troeberg L. Targeting Cartilage Degradation in Osteoarthritis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14020126. [PMID: 33562742 PMCID: PMC7916085 DOI: 10.3390/ph14020126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a common, degenerative joint disease with significant socio-economic impact worldwide. There are currently no disease-modifying drugs available to treat the disease, making this an important area of pharmaceutical research. In this review, we assessed approaches being explored to directly inhibit metalloproteinase-mediated cartilage degradation and to counteract cartilage damage by promoting growth factor-driven repair. Metalloproteinase-blocking antibodies are discussed, along with recent clinical trials on FGF18 and Wnt pathway inhibitors. We also considered dendrimer-based approaches being developed to deliver and retain such therapeutics in the joint environment. These may reduce systemic side effects while improving local half-life and concentration. Development of such targeted anabolic therapies would be of great benefit in the osteoarthritis field.
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20
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Cabral-Pacheco GA, Garza-Veloz I, Castruita-De la Rosa C, Ramirez-Acuña JM, Perez-Romero BA, Guerrero-Rodriguez JF, Martinez-Avila N, Martinez-Fierro ML. The Roles of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitors in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9739. [PMID: 33419373 PMCID: PMC7767220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 577] [Impact Index Per Article: 144.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling endopeptidases that have the capacity to degrade almost every component of the ECM. The degradation of the ECM is of great importance, since it is related to embryonic development and angiogenesis. It is also involved in cell repair and the remodeling of tissues. When the expression of MMPs is altered, it can generate the abnormal degradation of the ECM. This is the initial cause of the development of chronic degenerative diseases and vascular complications generated by diabetes. In addition, this process has an association with neurodegeneration and cancer progression. Within the ECM, the tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) inhibit the proteolytic activity of MMPs. TIMPs are important regulators of ECM turnover, tissue remodeling, and cellular behavior. Therefore, TIMPs (similar to MMPs) modulate angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. An interruption in the balance between MMPs and TIMPs has been implicated in the pathophysiology and progression of several diseases. This review focuses on the participation of both MMPs (e.g., MMP-2 and MMP-9) and TIMPs (e.g., TIMP-1 and TIMP-3) in physiological processes and on how their abnormal regulation is associated with human diseases. The inclusion of current strategies and mechanisms of MMP inhibition in the development of new therapies targeting MMPs was also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Idalia Garza-Veloz
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Carretera Zacatecas-Guadalajara Km.6. Ejido la Escondida, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico; (G.AC.-P.); (C.C.-D.l.R.); (J.MR.-A.); (B.AP.-R.); (J.FG.-R.); (N.M.-A.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Margarita L Martinez-Fierro
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Carretera Zacatecas-Guadalajara Km.6. Ejido la Escondida, Zacatecas 98160, Mexico; (G.AC.-P.); (C.C.-D.l.R.); (J.MR.-A.); (B.AP.-R.); (J.FG.-R.); (N.M.-A.)
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21
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Jiang Z, Byers S, Casal ML, Smith LJ. Failures of Endochondral Ossification in the Mucopolysaccharidoses. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2020; 18:759-773. [PMID: 33064251 PMCID: PMC7736118 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-020-00626-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of inherited lysosomal storage disorders characterized by abnormal accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in cells and tissues. MPS patients frequently exhibit failures of endochondral ossification during postnatal growth leading to skeletal deformity and short stature. In this review, we outline the current understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying failures of endochondral ossification in MPS and discuss associated treatment challenges and opportunities. RECENT FINDINGS Studies in MPS patients and animal models have demonstrated that skeletal cells and tissues exhibit significantly elevated GAG storage from early in postnatal life and that this is associated with impaired cartilage-to-bone conversion in primary and secondary ossification centers, and growth plate dysfunction. Recent studies have begun to elucidate the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms, including impaired chondrocyte proliferation and hypertrophy, diminished growth factor signaling, disrupted cell cycle progression, impaired autophagy, and increased cell stress and apoptosis. Current treatments such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and enzyme replacement therapy fail to normalize endochondral ossification in MPS. Emerging treatments including gene therapy and small molecule-based approaches hold significant promise in this regard. Failures of endochondral ossification contribute to skeletal deformity and short stature in MPS patients, increasing mortality and reducing quality of life. Early intervention is crucial for effective treatment, and there is a critical need for new approaches that normalize endochondral ossification by directly targeting affected cells and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirui Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 371 Stemmler Hall, 3450 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sharon Byers
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Paediatrics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Genetics and Evolution, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Margret L Casal
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lachlan J Smith
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 371 Stemmler Hall, 3450 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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22
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Wolk A, Upadhyay M, Ali M, Suh J, Stoehr H, Bonilha VL, Anand-Apte B. The retinal pigment epithelium in Sorsby Fundus Dystrophy shows increased sensitivity to oxidative stress-induced degeneration. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101681. [PMID: 32828705 PMCID: PMC7767753 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorsby Fundus Dystrophy (SFD) is a rare inherited autosomal dominant macular degeneration caused by specific mutations in TIMP3. Patients with SFD present with pathophysiology similar to the more common Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) and loss of vision due to both choroidal neovascularization and geographic atrophy. Previously, it has been shown that RPE degeneration in AMD is due in part to oxidative stress. We hypothesized that similar mechanisms may be at play in SFD. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether mice carrying the S179C-Timp3 mutation, a variant commonly observed in SFD, showed increased sensitivity to oxidative stress. Antioxidant genes are increased at baseline in the RPE in SFD mouse models, but not in the retina. This suggests the presence of a pro-oxidant environment in the RPE in the presence of Timp3 mutations. To determine if the RPE of Timp3 mutant mice is more susceptible to degeneration when exposed to low levels of oxidative stress, mice were injected with low doses of sodium iodate. The RPE and photoreceptors in Timp3 mutant mice degenerated at low doses of sodium iodate, which had no effect in wildtype control mice. These studies suggest that TIMP3 mutations may result in a dysregulation of pro-oxidant-antioxidant homeostasis in the RPE, leading to RPE degeneration in SFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyson Wolk
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Dept. of Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Mala Upadhyay
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Mariya Ali
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Jason Suh
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Heidi Stoehr
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Regensburg, 31 Universitätsstraße, Regensburg, 93053, Germany
| | - Vera L Bonilha
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Dept. of Ophthalmology, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Bela Anand-Apte
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Dept. of Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Dept. of Ophthalmology, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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23
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Fan D, Kassiri Z. Biology of Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP3), and Its Therapeutic Implications in Cardiovascular Pathology. Front Physiol 2020; 11:661. [PMID: 32612540 PMCID: PMC7308558 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP3) is unique among the four TIMPs due to its extracellular matrix (ECM)-binding property and broad range of inhibitory substrates that includes matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs), and ADAM with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTSs). In addition to its metalloproteinase-inhibitory function, TIMP3 can interact with proteins in the extracellular space resulting in its multifarious functions. TIMP3 mRNA has a long 3' untranslated region (UTR) which is a target for numerous microRNAs. TIMP3 levels are reduced in various cardiovascular diseases, and studies have shown that TIMP3 replenishment ameliorates the disease, suggesting a therapeutic potential for TIMP3 in cardiovascular diseases. While significant efforts have been made in identifying the effector targets of TIMP3, the regulatory mechanism for the expression of this multi-functional TIMP has been less explored. Here, we provide an overview of TIMP3 gene structure, transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulators (transcription factors and microRNAs), protein structure and partners, its role in cardiovascular pathology and its application as therapy, while also drawing reference from TIMP3 function in other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Fan
- Department of Pathology, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Zamaneh Kassiri
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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24
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Bertrand J, Kräft T, Gronau T, Sherwood J, Rutsch F, Lioté F, Dell'Accio F, Lohmann CH, Bollmann M, Held A, Pap T. BCP crystals promote chondrocyte hypertrophic differentiation in OA cartilage by sequestering Wnt3a. Ann Rheum Dis 2020; 79:975-984. [PMID: 32371389 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-216648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Calcification of cartilage with basic calcium phosphate (BCP) crystals is a common phenomenon during osteoarthritis (OA). It is directly linked to the severity of the disease and known to be associated to hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes. One morphogen regulating hypertrophic chondrocyte differentiation is Wnt3a. METHODS Calcification and sulfation of extracellular matrix of the cartilage was analysed over a time course from 6 to 22 weeks in mice and different OA grades of human cartilage. Wnt3a and ß-catenin was stained in human and murine cartilage. Expression of sulfation modulating enzymes (HS2St1, HS6St1) was analysed using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). The influence of BCP crystals on the chondrocyte phenotype was investigated using quantitative RT-PCR for the marker genes Axin2, Sox9, Col2, MMP13, ColX and Aggrecan. Using western blot for β-catenin and pLRP6 we investigated the activation of Wnt signalling. The binding capacity of BCP for Wnt3a was analysed using immunohistochemical staining and western blot. RESULTS Here, we report that pericellular matrix sulfation is increased in human and murine OA. Wnt3a co-localised with heparan sulfate proteoglycans in the pericellular matrix of chondrocytes in OA cartilage, in which canonical Wnt signalling was activated. In vitro, BCP crystals physically bound to Wnt3a. Interestingly, BCP crystals were sufficient to induce canonical Wnt signalling as assessed by phosphorylation of LRP6 and stabilisation of β-catenin, and to induce a hypertrophic shift of the chondrocyte phenotype. CONCLUSION Consequently, our data identify BCP crystals as a concentrating factor for Wnt3a in the pericellular matrix and an inducer of chondrocyte hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Bertrand
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tabea Kräft
- Division of Mol Medicine of Musculoskeletal Tissue, University Munster, Munster, Germany
| | - Tobias Gronau
- Division of Mol Medicine of Musculoskeletal Tissue, University Munster, Munster, Germany
| | - Joanna Sherwood
- Division of Mol Medicine of Musculoskeletal Tissue, University Munster, Munster, Germany
| | - Frank Rutsch
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Munster, Munster, Germany
| | - Frédéric Lioté
- INSERM UMR-1132, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Francesco Dell'Accio
- William Harvey Research Institute, Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, London, UK
| | - Christoph H Lohmann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Bollmann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Annelena Held
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Pap
- Division of Mol Medicine of Musculoskeletal Tissue, University Munster, Munster, Germany
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Wolk A, Hatipoglu D, Cutler A, Ali M, Bell L, Hua Qi J, Singh R, Batoki J, Karle L, Bonilha VL, Wessely O, Stoehr H, Hascall V, Anand-Apte B. Role of FGF and Hyaluronan in Choroidal Neovascularization in Sorsby Fundus Dystrophy. Cells 2020; 9:E608. [PMID: 32143276 PMCID: PMC7140456 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorsby's fundus dystrophy (SFD) is an inherited blinding disorder caused by mutations in the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP3) gene. The SFD pathology of macular degeneration with subretinal deposits and choroidal neovascularization (CNV) closely resembles that of the more common age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The objective of this study was to gain further insight into the molecular mechanism(s) by which mutant TIMP3 induces CNV. In this study we demonstrate that hyaluronan (HA), a large glycosaminoglycan, is elevated in the plasma and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/choroid of patients with AMD. Mice carrying the S179C-TIMP3 mutation also showed increased plasma levels of HA as well as accumulation of HA around the RPE in the retina. Human RPE cells expressing the S179C-TIMP3 mutation accumulated HA apically, intracellularly and basally when cultured long-term compared with cells expressing wildtype TIMP3. We recently reported that RPE cells carrying the S179C-TIMP3 mutation have the propensity to induce angiogenesis via basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2). We now demonstrate that FGF-2 induces accumulation of HA in RPE cells. These results suggest that the TIMP3-MMP-FGF-2-HA axis may have an important role in the pathogenesis of CNV in SFD and possibly AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyson Wolk
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
| | - Dilara Hatipoglu
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
| | - Alecia Cutler
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
| | - Mariya Ali
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
| | - Lestella Bell
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Jian Hua Qi
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
| | - Rupesh Singh
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
| | - Julia Batoki
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
| | - Laura Karle
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
| | - Vera L. Bonilha
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Oliver Wessely
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Heidi Stoehr
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Vincent Hascall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
| | - Bela Anand-Apte
- Cole Eye Institute & Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.W.); (D.H.); (A.C.); (M.A.); (L.B.); (J.H.Q.); (R.S.); (J.B.); (L.K.); (V.L.B.)
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Zhou Y, Wang Z, Chen X, Zhang J, Yang L, Liu S, Liu Y. Identification of differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs in synovial of osteoarthritis via RNA-sequencing. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 21:46. [PMID: 32122327 PMCID: PMC7053084 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-0978-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and a leading cause of disability. This study attempted to investigate the key mRNAs and miRNAs related to OA. Patients and methods From April 17th, 2018 to May 17th, 2018, five patients with OA and three normal controls were enrolled in this present study. To identify the differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) between patients with OA and normal controls, RNA-sequencing was performed. Then, DEmiRNA-target DEmRNAs analysis and functional annotation of DEmiRNA-target DEmRNAs were performed. To validate the RNA-sequencing results, quantitative real time-PCR (RT-PCR) and western blot analysis were performed as well. Results A total of 1068 DEmRNAs, 21 DEmiRNAs and 395 DEmiRNA-DEmRNA pairs were identified in synovial tissues of patients with OA. The functional annotation of DEmiRNA-target DEmRNAs revealed that Pathways in cancer and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway were significantly enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. QRT-PCR and western blot results revealed that except for TLR7, the expression level of the others was consistent with the RNA-sequencing results, generally. Conclusion The findings of this present study may provide new clues for the roles of DEmRNAs and DEmiRNAs in the pathogenesis of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Deyang City, No. 173, Taishan North Road, Jingyang District, Deyang, 618000, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhicong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Deyang City, No. 173, Taishan North Road, Jingyang District, Deyang, 618000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Deyang City, No. 173, Taishan North Road, Jingyang District, Deyang, 618000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Deyang City, No. 173, Taishan North Road, Jingyang District, Deyang, 618000, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Deyang City, No. 173, Taishan North Road, Jingyang District, Deyang, 618000, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuping Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Deyang City, No. 173, Taishan North Road, Jingyang District, Deyang, 618000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuehong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Deyang City, No. 173, Taishan North Road, Jingyang District, Deyang, 618000, Sichuan, China.
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27
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Rai GP, Baird SK. Tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-3 has both anti-metastatic and anti-tumourigenic properties. Clin Exp Metastasis 2020; 37:69-76. [PMID: 31894441 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-019-10017-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
TIMP-3 is one of four tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases, the endogenous inhibitors of the matrix metalloproteinase enzymes. These enzymes have an important role in metastasis, in the invasion of cancer cells through the basement membrane and extracellular matrix. TIMP-1, -2 and -4 both promote and inhibit tumour development, in a context-dependent manner, however TIMP-3 is consistently anti-tumourigenic. TIMP-3 is also the only insoluble member of the family, being either bound to the extracellular matrix or the low density lipoprotein-related protein-1, through which it can be endocytosed. Levels of TIMP-3 have also been shown to be regulated by micro RNAs and promoter hypermethylation, resulting in frequent silencing in many tumour types, to the extent that its expression has been suggested as a prognostic marker in some tumours, being associated with lower levels of metastasis, or better response to treatment. TIMP-3 has been shown to have anti-metastatic effects, both through inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases and ADAM family members and downregulation of angiogenesis. This occurs via interactions with receptors including VEGF, via modulation of signaling pathways and due to protease inhibition. TIMP-3 has also been shown to reduce tumour growth rate, most often by inducing apoptosis by stabilisation of death receptors. A number of successful mechanisms of delivery of TIMP-3 to tumour or inflammatory sites have been investigated in vitro or in animal studies. It may therefore be worthwhile further exploring the use of TIMP-3 as a potential anti-metastatic or anti-tumorigenic therapy for many tumour types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetanjali P Rai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Sarah K Baird
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
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28
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Elgundi Z, Papanicolaou M, Major G, Cox TR, Melrose J, Whitelock JM, Farrugia BL. Cancer Metastasis: The Role of the Extracellular Matrix and the Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycan Perlecan. Front Oncol 2020; 9:1482. [PMID: 32010611 PMCID: PMC6978720 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the dissemination of tumor cells to new sites, resulting in the formation of secondary tumors. This process is complex and is spatially and temporally regulated by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. One important extrinsic factor is the extracellular matrix, the non-cellular component of tissues. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are constituents of the extracellular matrix, and through their heparan sulfate chains and protein core, modulate multiple events that occur during the metastatic cascade. This review will provide an overview of the role of the extracellular matrix in the events that occur during cancer metastasis, primarily focusing on perlecan. Perlecan, a basement membrane HSPG is a key component of the vascular extracellular matrix and is commonly associated with events that occur during the metastatic cascade. Its contradictory role in these events will be discussed and we will highlight the recent advances in cancer therapies that target HSPGs and their modifying enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Elgundi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Papanicolaou
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gretel Major
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas R Cox
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - James Melrose
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - John M Whitelock
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Brooke L Farrugia
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Melbourne School of Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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29
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Logue T, Lizotte-Waniewski M, Brew K. Thermodynamic profiles of the interactions of suramin, chondroitin sulfate, and pentosan polysulfate with the inhibitory domain of TIMP-3. FEBS Lett 2019; 594:94-103. [PMID: 31359422 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular levels of soluble TIMP-3 are low, reflecting its binding by extracellular matrix (ECM) components including sulfated glycosaminoglycans (SGAGs) and endocytosis via low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1. Since TIMP-3 inhibits ECM degradation, the ability of SGAGs to elevate extracellular TIMP-3 is significant for osteoarthritis treatment. Previous studies of such interactions have utilized immobilized TIMP-3 or ligands. Here, we report the thermodynamics of the interactions of the sGAG-binding N-domain of TIMP-3 with chondroitin sulfate, pentosan polysulfate, and suramin in solution using isothermal titration calorimetry. All three interactions are driven by a favorable negative enthalpy change combined with an unfavorable decrease in entropy. The heat capacity changes (ΔCp ) for all of the interactions are zero, indicating an insignificant contribution from hydrophobic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Logue
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Michelle Lizotte-Waniewski
- Integrated Medical Sciences Department, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Keith Brew
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
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30
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Su CW, Lin CW, Yang WE, Yang SF. TIMP-3 as a therapeutic target for cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2019; 11:1758835919864247. [PMID: 31360238 PMCID: PMC6637839 DOI: 10.1177/1758835919864247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP-3), a secreted glycoprotein, plays an important role in carcinogenesis. It can bind to many proteinases to suppress their activity and thus protect the extracellular matrix from degradation. TIMP-3 may have many anticancer properties, including apoptosis induction and antiproliferative, antiangiogenic, and antimetastatic activities. This review summarizes the structure, proteinase inhibition ability, genetic and epigenetic regulation, cancer therapy potential, and contribution to cancer development of TIMP-3. Furthermore, in this review we discuss its potential as a biomarker for predicting cancer progression and the current state of drugs that target TIMP-3, either alone or in combination with clinical treatment. In conclusion, TIMP-3 can be a biomarker of cancer and a potential target for cancer therapy. This review article can serve as a basis to understand how to modulate TIMP-3 levels as a drug target of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Wen Su
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung
| | - Wei-En Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, 110 Chien-Kuo N. Road, Section 1, Taichung 402
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Kastana P, Choleva E, Poimenidi E, Karamanos N, Sugahara K, Papadimitriou E. Insight into the role of chondroitin sulfate E in angiogenesis. FEBS J 2019; 286:2921-2936. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.14830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pinelopi Kastana
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology Department of Pharmacy University of Patras Greece
| | - Effrosyni Choleva
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology Department of Pharmacy University of Patras Greece
| | - Evangelia Poimenidi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology Department of Pharmacy University of Patras Greece
| | - Nikos Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Res. Group Laboratory of Biochemistry Department of Chemistry University of Patras Greece
| | - Kazuyuki Sugahara
- Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Pathobiochemistry Meijo University Nagoya Japan
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32
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Zhong S, Khalil RA. A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase (ADAM) and ADAM with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) family in vascular biology and disease. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 164:188-204. [PMID: 30905657 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase (ADAM) is a family of proteolytic enzymes that possess sheddase function and regulate shedding of membrane-bound proteins, growth factors, cytokines, ligands and receptors. Typically, ADAMs have a pro-domain, and a metalloproteinase, disintegrin, cysteine-rich and a characteristic transmembrane domain. Most ADAMs are activated by proprotein convertases, but can also be regulated by G-protein coupled receptor agonists, Ca2+ ionophores and protein kinase C activators. A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs (ADAMTS) is a family of secreted enzymes closely related to ADAMs. Like ADAMs, ADAMTS members have a pro-domain, and a metalloproteinase, disintegrin, and cysteine-rich domain, but they lack a transmembrane domain and instead have characteristic thrombospondin motifs. Activated ADAMs perform several functions and participate in multiple cardiovascular processes including vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, angiogenesis, vascular cell apoptosis, cell survival, tissue repair, and wound healing. ADAMs may also be involved in pathological conditions and cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, aneurysm, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction and heart failure. Like ADAMs, ADAMTS have a wide-spectrum role in vascular biology and cardiovascular pathophysiology. ADAMs and ADAMTS activity is naturally controlled by endogenous inhibitors such as tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), and their activity can also be suppressed by synthetic small molecule inhibitors. ADAMs and ADAMTS can serve as important diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for cardiovascular disorders. Natural and synthetic inhibitors of ADAMs and ADAMTS could be potential therapeutic tools for the management of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhong
- Vascular Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Raouf A Khalil
- Vascular Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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33
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Ruiz-Gómez G, Vogel S, Möller S, Pisabarro MT, Hempel U. Glycosaminoglycans influence enzyme activity of MMP2 and MMP2/TIMP3 complex formation - Insights at cellular and molecular level. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4905. [PMID: 30894640 PMCID: PMC6426840 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41355-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a highly dynamic network constantly remodeled by a fine-tuned protein formation and degradation balance. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) constitute key orchestrators of ECM degradation. Their activity is controlled by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) and glycosaminoglycans (GAG). Here, we investigated the molecular interplay of MMP2 with different GAG (chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronan (HA), sulfated hyaluronan (SH) and heparin (HE)) and the impact of GAG on MMP2/TIMP3 complex formation using in vitro-experiments with human bone marrow stromal cells, in silico docking and molecular dynamics simulations. SH and HE influenced MMP2 and TIMP3 protein levels and MMP2 activity. Only SH supported the alignment of both proteins in fibrillar-like structures, which, based on our molecular models, would be due to a stabilization of the interactions between MMP2-hemopexin domain and TIMP3-C-terminal tail. Dependent on the temporal sequential order in which the final ternary complex was formed, our models indicated that SH and HA can affect TIMP3-induced MMP2 inhibition through precluding or supporting their interactions, respectively. Our combined experimental and theoretical approach provides valuable new insights on how GAG interfere with MMP2 activity and MMP2/TIMP3 complex formation. The results obtained evidence GAG as promising molecules for fine-balanced intervention of ECM remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Ruiz-Gómez
- Structural Bioinformatics, BIOTEC TU Dresden, Tatzberg 47-51, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sarah Vogel
- Medical Department, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, TU Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephanie Möller
- Biomaterials Department, INNOVENT e.V., Prüssingstraße 27 B, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - M Teresa Pisabarro
- Structural Bioinformatics, BIOTEC TU Dresden, Tatzberg 47-51, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ute Hempel
- Medical Department, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, TU Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
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Kanakis I, Liu K, Poulet B, Javaheri B, van 't Hof RJ, Pitsillides AA, Bou-Gharios G. Targeted Inhibition of Aggrecanases Prevents Articular Cartilage Degradation and Augments Bone Mass in the STR/Ort Mouse Model of Spontaneous Osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2019; 71:571-582. [PMID: 30379418 DOI: 10.1002/art.40765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cartilage destruction in osteoarthritis (OA) is mediated mainly by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and ADAMTS. The therapeutic candidature of targeting aggrecanases has not yet been defined in joints in which spontaneous OA arises from genetic susceptibility, as in the case of the STR/Ort mouse, without a traumatic or load-induced etiology. In addition, we do not know the long-term effect of aggrecanase inhibition on bone. We undertook this study to assess the potential aggrecanase selectivity of a variant of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3 (TIMP-3), called [-1A]TIMP-3, on spontaneous OA development and bone formation in STR/Ort mice. METHODS Using the background of STR/Ort mice, which develop spontaneous OA, we generated transgenic mice that overexpress [-1A]TIMP-3, either ubiquitously or conditionally in chondrocytes. [-1A]TIMP-3 has an extra alanine at the N-terminus that selectively inhibits ADAMTS but not MMPs. We analyzed a range of OA-related measures in all mice at age 40 weeks. RESULTS Mice expressing high levels of [-1A]TIMP-3 were protected against development of OA, while those expressing low levels were not. Interestingly, we also found that high levels of [-1A]TIMP-3 transgene overexpression resulted in increased bone mass, particularly in females. This regulation of bone mass was at least partly direct, as adult mouse primary osteoblasts infected with [-1A]TIMP-3 in vitro showed elevated rates of mineralization. CONCLUSION The results provide evidence that [-1A]TIMP-3-mediated inhibition of aggrecanases can protect against cartilage degradation in a naturally occurring mouse model of OA, and they highlight a novel role that aggrecanase inhibition may play in increased bone mass.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ke Liu
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Pudełko A, Wisowski G, Olczyk K, Koźma EM. The dual role of the glycosaminoglycan chondroitin-6-sulfate in the development, progression and metastasis of cancer. FEBS J 2019; 286:1815-1837. [PMID: 30637950 PMCID: PMC6850286 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The remarkable structural heterogeneity of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and dermatan sulfate (DS) generates biological information that can be unique to each of these glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and changes in their composition are translated into alterations in the binding profiles of these molecules. CS/DS can bind to various cytokines and growth factors, cell surface receptors, adhesion molecules, enzymes and fibrillar glycoproteins of the extracellular matrix, thereby influencing both cell behavior and the biomechanical and biochemical properties of the matrix. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge concerning CS/DS metabolism in the human cancer stroma. The remodeling of the GAG profile in the tumor niche is manifested as a substantial increase in the CS content and a gradual decrease in the proportion between DS and CS. Furthermore, the composition of CS and DS is also affected, which results in a substantial increase in the 6‐O‐sulfated and/or unsulfated disaccharide content, which is concomitant with a decrease in the 4‐O‐sulfation level. Here, we discuss the possible impact of alterations in the CS/DS sulfation pattern on the binding capacity and specificity of these GAGs. Moreover, we propose potential consequences of the stromal accumulation of chondroitin‐6‐sulfate for the progression and metastasis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Pudełko
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Wisowski
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Krystyna Olczyk
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Ewa Maria Koźma
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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Dynamic matrisome: ECM remodeling factors licensing cancer progression and metastasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1870:207-228. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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NG2/CSPG4 and progranulin in the posttraumatic glial scar. Matrix Biol 2018; 68-69:571-588. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Stephenson EL, Yong VW. Pro-inflammatory roles of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in disorders of the central nervous system. Matrix Biol 2018; 71-72:432-442. [PMID: 29702175 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix of the central nervous system is an interconnected network of proteins and sugars. It is crucial for homeostasis, but its remodeling in neurological diseases impacts both injury and repair. Here we introduce an extracellular matrix family member that participates in immune-matrix interactions, the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans integrate signals from the microenvironment to activate immune cells, and they boost inflammatory responses by binding immunological receptors including toll-like receptors, selectins, CD44, and β1 integrin. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans also bind signaling molecules for immune cells such as cytokines and chemokines, and they activate matrix-degrading enzymes. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans accumulate in the damaged CNS, including during traumatic brain/spinal cord injury and multiple sclerosis, and they help drive pathogenesis. This Review aims to give new insights into the remodeling of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans during inflammation, and how these matrix glycoproteins are able to drive neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Stephenson
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - V Wee Yong
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Guns LA, Monteagudo S, Kvasnytsia M, Kerckhofs G, Vandooren J, Opdenakker G, Lories RJ, Cailotto F. Suramin increases cartilage proteoglycan accumulation in vitro and protects against joint damage triggered by papain injection in mouse knees in vivo. RMD Open 2017; 3:e000604. [PMID: 29299344 PMCID: PMC5730881 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2017-000604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Suramin is an old drug used for the treatment of African sleeping sickness. We investigated therapeutic repositioning of suramin to protect against cartilage damage, as suramin may interact with tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP3). Methods In vitro extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation and turnover in the presence or absence of suramin were studied in the ATDC5 micromass model of chondrogenesis and in pellet cultures of human articular chondrocytes from osteoarthritis and control patients, by gene expression, protein analysis, colorimetric staining, immunoprecipitation, fluorimetric analysis and immunohistochemistry. To study suramin in vivo, the drug was injected intra-articularly in the papain model of joint damage. Disease severity was analysed by histology, immunohistochemistry and contrast-enhanced nanofocus CT. Results In ATDC5 micromasses, suramin increased TIMP3 levels and decreased the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and aggrecanases. Suramin treatment resulted in increased glycosaminoglycans. This effect on the ECM was blocked by an anti-TIMP3 antibody. Direct interaction between suramin and endogenous TIMP3 was demonstrated in immunoprecipitates. Mice treated intra-articularly with suramin injections showed reduced cartilage damage compared with controls, with increased TIMP3 and decreased MMP and aggrecanase activity. Translational validation in human chondrocytes confirmed increased TIMP3 function and reduced cartilage breakdown after suramin treatment. Conclusion Suramin prevented loss of articular cartilage in a mouse model of cartilage damage. The effects appear to be mediated by a functional increase of TIMP3 and a subsequent decrease in the activity of catabolic enzymes. Thus, suramin repositioning could be considered to prevent progressive cartilage damage and avoid evolution toward osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura-An Guns
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Silvia Monteagudo
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maryna Kvasnytsia
- Tissue Engineering Unit, Department of Development and Regeneration, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Greet Kerckhofs
- Tissue Engineering Unit, Department of Development and Regeneration, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jennifer Vandooren
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Immunobiology (Rega Institute), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ghislain Opdenakker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Immunobiology (Rega Institute), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik J Lories
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Leuven, Belgium.,Division of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederic Cailotto
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Leuven, Belgium.,CNRS - Université de Lorraine, UMR7365, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire (IMoPA), Biopôle de l'Université de Lorraine, Campus Biologie-Santé, Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
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Tchoukalova YD, Hintze JM, Hayden RE, Lott DG. Tracheal decellularization using a combination of chemical, physical and bioreactor methods. Int J Artif Organs 2017; 41:0. [PMID: 28967085 DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare different decellularization protocols with the conventional detergent enzymatic method (DEM) using continuous agitation. METHODS The first experiment compared conventional DEM with sonication and lyophilization+freeze-thaw cycles. A second experiment was carried out to compare time-adjusted DEM (2-hour instead of 4-hour incubations with 4% deoxycholate) to decellularization in a bioreactor. Cellularity was determined by DNA-quantitation, H&E-staining and immunostaining for major histocompatibility complex-1 (MHC-1). RESULTS Compared to untreated trachea, DNA content significantly decreased after 2 cycles in all groups in the first experiment and dropped below the minimal criteria for efficient decellularization (<50 ng dsDNA/mg dry weight) after 4 cycles. However, nuclei were seen in the cartilage and MCH-1 staining was detected in some submucosal areas, indicating presence of chondrocytes and cellular residues that may render the scaffold immunogenic. In the second experiment DNA content significantly decreased after 1 cycle in both groups; however, even after 4 cycles, DNA content was above the minimal criteria for efficient decellularization. While collagen-levels remained stable, glycosaminoglycans diminished significantly after the initial cycles. CONCLUSIONS Efficient decellularization can be achieved after only 4 cycles of DEM compared to the 17 cycles previously reported. The use of a bioreactor can preserve the integrity of the extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yourka D Tchoukalova
- Head and Neck Regeneration Program, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ - USA
| | - Justin M Hintze
- Head and Neck Regeneration Program, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ - USA
| | - Richard E Hayden
- Head and Neck Regeneration Program, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ - USA
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ - USA
| | - David G Lott
- Head and Neck Regeneration Program, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ - USA
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ - USA
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Chanalaris A, Doherty C, Marsden BD, Bambridge G, Wren SP, Nagase H, Troeberg L. Suramin Inhibits Osteoarthritic Cartilage Degradation by Increasing Extracellular Levels of Chondroprotective Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases 3. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 92:459-468. [PMID: 28798097 PMCID: PMC5588548 DOI: 10.1124/mol.117.109397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint disease for which no disease-modifying drugs are currently available. Attempts to treat the disease with small molecule inhibitors of the metalloproteinases that degrade the cartilage matrix have been hampered by a lack of specificity. We aimed to inhibit cartilage degradation by augmenting levels of the endogenous metalloproteinase inhibitor, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-3, through blocking its interaction with the endocytic scavenger receptor, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1). We discovered that suramin (C51H40N6O23S6) bound to TIMP-3 with a KD value of 1.9 ± 0.2 nM and inhibited its endocytosis via LRP1, thus increasing extracellular levels of TIMP-3 and inhibiting cartilage degradation by the TIMP-3 target enzyme, adamalysin-like metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5. NF279 (8,8'-[carbonylbis(imino-4,1-phenylenecarbonylimino-4,1-phenylenecarbonylimino)]bis-1,3,5-naphthalenetrisulfonic acid hexasodium salt), a structural analog of suramin, has an increased affinity for TIMP-3 and increased ability to inhibit TIMP-3 endocytosis and protect cartilage. Suramin is thus a promising scaffold for the development of novel therapeutics to increase TIMP-3 levels and inhibit cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Chanalaris
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, (A.C., C.D., G.B., H.N., L.T.), Structural Genomics Consortium (B.D.M.), and Alzheimer's Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute (S.P.W.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christine Doherty
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, (A.C., C.D., G.B., H.N., L.T.), Structural Genomics Consortium (B.D.M.), and Alzheimer's Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute (S.P.W.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Brian D Marsden
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, (A.C., C.D., G.B., H.N., L.T.), Structural Genomics Consortium (B.D.M.), and Alzheimer's Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute (S.P.W.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriel Bambridge
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, (A.C., C.D., G.B., H.N., L.T.), Structural Genomics Consortium (B.D.M.), and Alzheimer's Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute (S.P.W.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen P Wren
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, (A.C., C.D., G.B., H.N., L.T.), Structural Genomics Consortium (B.D.M.), and Alzheimer's Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute (S.P.W.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hideaki Nagase
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, (A.C., C.D., G.B., H.N., L.T.), Structural Genomics Consortium (B.D.M.), and Alzheimer's Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute (S.P.W.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Troeberg
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, (A.C., C.D., G.B., H.N., L.T.), Structural Genomics Consortium (B.D.M.), and Alzheimer's Research UK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute (S.P.W.), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Rother S, Samsonov SA, Moeller S, Schnabelrauch M, Rademann J, Blaszkiewicz J, Köhling S, Waltenberger J, Pisabarro MT, Scharnweber D, Hintze V. Sulfated Hyaluronan Alters Endothelial Cell Activation in Vitro by Controlling the Biological Activity of the Angiogenic Factors Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:9539-9550. [PMID: 28248081 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b01300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Several pathologic conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, ocular neovascularization, cancer, or atherosclerosis are often associated with abnormal angiogenesis, which requires innovative biomaterial-based treatment options to control the activity of angiogenic factors. Here, we studied how sulfated hyaluronan (sHA) and oversulfated chondroitin sulfate derivatives as potential components of functional biomaterials modulate vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) signaling and endothelial cell activity in vitro. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP-3), an effective angiogenesis inhibitor, exerts its activity by competing with VEGF-A for binding to VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). However, even though TIMP-3 and VEGF-A are known to interact with glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), the potential role and mechanism by which GAGs alter the VEGF-A/TIMP-3 regulated VEGFR-2 signaling remains unclear. Combining surface plasmon resonance, immunobiochemical analysis, and molecular modeling, we demonstrate the simultaneous binding of VEGF-A and TIMP-3 to sHA-coated surfaces and identified a novel mechanism by which sulfated GAG derivatives control angiogenesis: GAG derivatives block the binding of VEGF-A and TIMP-3 to VEGFR-2 thereby reducing their biological activity in a defined, sulfation-dependent manner. This effect was stronger for sulfated GAG derivatives than for native GAGs. The simultaneous formation of TIMP-3/sHA complexes partially rescues the sHA inhibited VEGF-A/VEGFR-2 signaling and endothelial cell activation. These results provide novel insights into the regulation of angiogenic factors by GAG derivatives and highlight the potential of sHA derivatives for the treatment of diseases associated with increased VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Rother
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden , 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sergey A Samsonov
- Structural Bioinformatics, BIOTEC Technische Universität Dresden , Tatzberg 47-51, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | - Jörg Rademann
- Institute of Pharmacy & Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin , Königin-Luise-Strasse 2, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Universität Leipzig , Härtelstrasse 16/18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joanna Blaszkiewicz
- Institute of Pharmacy & Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin , Königin-Luise-Strasse 2, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Universität Leipzig , Härtelstrasse 16/18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sebastian Köhling
- Institute of Pharmacy & Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin , Königin-Luise-Strasse 2, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Universität Leipzig , Härtelstrasse 16/18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Waltenberger
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Münster , Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - M Teresa Pisabarro
- Structural Bioinformatics, BIOTEC Technische Universität Dresden , Tatzberg 47-51, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dieter Scharnweber
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden , 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Vera Hintze
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden , 01069 Dresden, Germany
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Santamaria S, Fedorov O, McCafferty J, Murphy G, Dudhia J, Nagase H, Yamamoto K. Development of a monoclonal anti-ADAMTS-5 antibody that specifically blocks the interaction with LRP1. MAbs 2017; 9:595-602. [PMID: 28306378 PMCID: PMC5419085 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2017.1304341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The potent aggrecanase ADAMTS-5 is constitutively secreted by chondrocytes, but it is rapidly endocytosed in normal cartilage via the cell surface endocytic receptor LRP1. Therefore it is difficult to detect the total ADAMTS-5 activity produced. In this study, we isolated a monoclonal anti-ADAMTS-5 antibody 1B7 that blocks LRP1-mediated internalization without affecting the aggrecanolytic activity. Addition of 1B7 to cultured human chondrocytes revealed the full aggrecanolytic activity of ADAMTS-5 generated by the cells. 1B7 is a useful tool to estimate the ADAMTS-5 activity and to identify its potential roles in the tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Santamaria
- a Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford , Headington , Oxford , UK
| | - Oleg Fedorov
- b Structural Genomics Consortium and Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford , Headington, Oxford , UK
| | | | - Gillian Murphy
- d Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre , Cambridge , UK
| | - Jayesh Dudhia
- e Department of Clinical Sciences and Services , Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms , Hatfield , Herts , UK
| | - Hideaki Nagase
- a Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford , Headington , Oxford , UK
| | - Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- a Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford , Headington , Oxford , UK
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Effect of thiolated glycosaminoglycans on the behavior of breast cancer cells: toward the development of in vitro models of cancer. Int J Artif Organs 2017; 40:31-39. [PMID: 28222208 DOI: 10.5301/ijao.5000551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The influence of extracellular matrix components like glycosaminoglycans (GAG) or adhesive proteins on the migration of cancer cells and the progression of tumorigenesis remains a challenging task. Therefore, this study aims to give insight into the interaction of cancer cells exhibiting different metastatic potential (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468) with surface immobilized GAG interacting with serum proteins like fibronectin. METHODS Model substrata were covalently coated with different thiolated GAG (hyaluronan (HA), chondroitin sulfate (CS), heparin (Hep)) and investigated for the adsorption of fibronectin (FN) with surface plasmon resonance. Then, adhesion of breast cancer cells in the presence of and without serum proteins was studied. Further, the outgrow behavior of confluent cancer cells was examined with the help of cell migration chambers and single-cell migration with time-lapse microscopy. RESULTS FN adsorption revealed that the Hep-coated surfaces were able to adsorb significantly more protein than CS and HA. Generally, initial adhesion of breast cancer cells on GAG-coated substrata was inhibited for HA- and CS-coated substrata in the presence of serum proteins for both cell lines in comparison to serum-free conditions. The cell size was also significantly decreased by the influence of serum proteins. The outgrow studies clearly confirmed the different migration speed of both cancer cells while single-cell migration was particularly enhanced on HA-coated surfaces. CONCLUSIONS The results reveal that adsorption of serum proteins (e.g. albumin) possess an inhibiting effect on the adhesion of breast cancer cells and that single-cell migration is enhanced for both breast cancer cell lines on HA.
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Abstract
A compelling long-term goal of cancer biology is to understand the crucial players during tumorigenesis in order to develop new interventions. Here, we review how the four non-redundant tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) regulate the pericellular proteolysis of a vast range of matrix and cell surface proteins, generating simultaneous effects on tumour architecture and cell signalling. Experimental studies demonstrate the contribution of TIMPs to the majority of cancer hallmarks, and human cancers invariably show TIMP deregulation in the tumour or stroma. Of the four TIMPs, TIMP1 overexpression or TIMP3 silencing is consistently associated with cancer progression or poor patient prognosis. Future efforts will align mouse model systems with changes in TIMPs in patients, will delineate protease-independent TIMP function, will pinpoint therapeutic targets within the TIMP-metalloproteinase-substrate network and will use TIMPs in liquid biopsy samples as biomarkers for cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hartland W Jackson
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, TMDT 301-13, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G IL7 Canada
- Bodenmiller Laboratory, University of Zürich, Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Winterthurstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Virginie Defamie
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, TMDT 301-13, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G IL7 Canada
| | - Paul Waterhouse
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, TMDT 301-13, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G IL7 Canada
| | - Rama Khokha
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, TMDT 301-13, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G IL7 Canada
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Structural and functional insights into the interaction of sulfated glycosaminoglycans with tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3 - A possible regulatory role on extracellular matrix homeostasis. Acta Biomater 2016; 45:143-154. [PMID: 27545813 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
An imbalance between tissue-degrading matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their counterparts' tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) causes pathologic extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in chronic wounds and requires new adaptive biomaterials that interact with these regulators to re-establish their balance. Sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and TIMP-3 are key modulators of tissue formation and remodeling. However, little is known about their molecular interplay. GAG/TIMP-3 interactions were characterized combining surface plasmon resonance, ELISA, molecular modeling and hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry. We demonstrate the potential of solute and surface-bound sulfated hyaluronan (sHA) and chondroitin sulfate (sCS) derivatives to manipulate GAG/TIMP-3 interactions by varying GAG concentration, sulfation degree and chain length. Three GAG binding sites in the N- and C-terminal domains of TIMP-3 were identified. We reveal no overlap with the matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-binding site, elucidating why GAGs did not change MMP-1/-2 inhibition by TIMP-3 in enzyme kinetics. Since we prove that GAGs alone have a low impact on MMP activity, sHA and sCS offer a promising strategy to possibly control ECM remodeling via stabilizing and accumulating TIMP-3 by maintaining its MMP inhibitory activity under GAG-bound conditions. Whether GAG-based functional biomaterials can be applied to foster chronic wound healing by shifting the MMP/TIMP balance to a healing promoting state needs to be evaluated in vivo. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Increased levels of tissue-degrading matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) lead to pathologic matrix degradation in chronic wounds. Therefor functional biomaterials that restore the balance between MMPs and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are required to promote wound healing. Since sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) derivatives demonstrated already to be e.g. anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory, and native GAGs interact with TIMP-3 the former are promising candidates for functionalizing biomaterials. We identified the GAG binding sites of TIMP-3 by combining experimental and molecular modeling approaches and revealed that GAG derivatives have a higher capacity to sequester TIMP-3 than native GAGs without altering its inhibitory potential towards MMPs. Thus GAG derivative-containing biomaterials could protect tissue from excessive proteolytic degradation e.g. in chronic wounds by re-establishing the MMP/TIMP balance.
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Rother S, Samsonov SA, Hempel U, Vogel S, Moeller S, Blaszkiewicz J, Köhling S, Schnabelrauch M, Rademann J, Pisabarro MT, Hintze V, Scharnweber D. Sulfated Hyaluronan Alters the Interaction Profile of TIMP-3 with the Endocytic Receptor LRP-1 Clusters II and IV and Increases the Extracellular TIMP-3 Level of Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3252-3261. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Rother
- Institute
of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sergey A. Samsonov
- Structural
Bioinformatics, BIOTEC TU Dresden, Tatzberg 47-51, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ute Hempel
- Institute
of Physiological Chemistry, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sarah Vogel
- Institute
of Physiological Chemistry, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fiedlerstraße 42, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephanie Moeller
- Biomaterials
Department, INNOVENT e.V., Prüssingstraße 27 B, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Joanna Blaszkiewicz
- Institute of Pharmacy & Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Institute
of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstr.
16/18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sebastian Köhling
- Institute of Pharmacy & Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Institute
of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstr.
16/18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Jörg Rademann
- Institute of Pharmacy & Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Institute
of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstr.
16/18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - M. Teresa Pisabarro
- Structural
Bioinformatics, BIOTEC TU Dresden, Tatzberg 47-51, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Vera Hintze
- Institute
of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dieter Scharnweber
- Institute
of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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Doherty CM, Visse R, Dinakarpandian D, Strickland DK, Nagase H, Troeberg L. Engineered Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-3 Variants Resistant to Endocytosis Have Prolonged Chondroprotective Activity. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:22160-22172. [PMID: 27582494 PMCID: PMC5063997 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.733261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3 (TIMP-3) is a central inhibitor of matrix-degrading and sheddase families of metalloproteinases. Extracellular levels of the inhibitor are regulated by the balance between its retention on the extracellular matrix and its endocytic clearance by the scavenger receptor low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1). Here, we used molecular modeling to predict TIMP-3 residues potentially involved in binding to LRP1 based on the proposed LRP1 binding motif of 2 lysine residues separated by about 21 Å and mutated the candidate lysine residues to alanine individually and in pairs. Of the 22 mutants generated, 13 displayed a reduced rate of uptake by HTB94 chondrosarcoma cells. The two mutants (TIMP-3 K26A/K45A and K42A/K110A) with lowest rates of uptake were further evaluated and found to display reduced binding to LRP1 and unaltered inhibitory activity against prototypic metalloproteinases. TIMP-3 K26A/K45A retained higher affinity for sulfated glycosaminoglycans than K42A/K110A and exhibited increased affinity for ADAMTS-5 in the presence of heparin. Both mutants inhibited metalloproteinase-mediated degradation of cartilage at lower concentrations and for longer than wild-type TIMP-3, indicating that their increased half-lives improved their ability to protect cartilage. These mutants may be useful in treating connective tissue diseases associated with increased metalloproteinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Doherty
- From the Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Visse
- From the Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Deendayal Dinakarpandian
- the School of Computing and Engineering, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Missouri 64111, and
| | | | - Hideaki Nagase
- From the Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Troeberg
- From the Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FY, United Kingdom,
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Proteolysis in the Interstitium. Protein Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1201/9781315374307-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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50
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Appert-Collin A, Bennasroune A, Jeannesson P, Terryn C, Fuhrmann G, Morjani H, Dedieu S. Role of LRP-1 in cancer cell migration in 3-dimensional collagen matrix. Cell Adh Migr 2016; 11:316-326. [PMID: 27463962 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2016.1215788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1) is a member of Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor (LDLR) family, which is ubiquitously expressed and which is described as a multifunctional endocytic receptor which mediates the clearance of various extracellular matrix molecules including serine proteinases, proteinase-inhibitor complexes, and matricellular proteins. Several studies showed that high LRP-1 expression promotes breast cancer cell invasiveness, and LRP-1 invalidation leads to cell motility abrogation in both tumor and non-tumor cells. Furthermore, our group has reported that LRP-1 silencing prevents the invasion of a follicular thyroid carcinoma despite increased pericellular proteolytic activities from MMP2 and uPA using a 2D-cell culture model. As the use of 3D culture systems is becoming more and more popular due to their promise as enhanced models of tissue physiology, the aim of the present work is to characterize for the first time how the 3D collagen type I matrix may impact the ability of LRP-1 to regulate the migratory properties of thyroid carcinoma using as a model FTC-133 cells. Our results show that inhibition of LRP-1 activity or expression leads to morphological changes affecting cell-matrix interactions, reorganizations of the actin-cytoskeleton especially by inhibiting FAK activation and increasing RhoA activity and MLC-2 phosphorylation, thus preventing cell migration. Taken together, our results suggest that LRP-1 silencing leads to a decrease of cell migratory capacity in a 3D configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Appert-Collin
- a Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Sciences Exactes et Naturelles , Reims , France
| | - Amar Bennasroune
- a Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Sciences Exactes et Naturelles , Reims , France.,b UMR CNRS 7360, LIEC, Université de Lorraine , Metz , France
| | - Pierre Jeannesson
- c Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Faculté de Pharmacie , Reims , France
| | - Christine Terryn
- d Plateforme d'Imagerie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, URCA , Reims , France
| | - Guy Fuhrmann
- e UMR 7213 CNRS, Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, Faculté de Pharmacie , Illkirch , France
| | - Hamid Morjani
- c Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Faculté de Pharmacie , Reims , France
| | - Stéphane Dedieu
- a Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Sciences Exactes et Naturelles , Reims , France
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