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Ye W, Hong M, Huang X, Chen T, Gu A, Lin X, Li X, Chen X, Seo DH, Zhao S, Chen X, Van der Bruggen B, Xie M, Lin J. Towards effective recovery of humate as green fertilizer from landfill leachate concentrate by electro-neutral nanofiltration membrane. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 896:165335. [PMID: 37414167 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Under the environmental sustainability concept, landfill leachate concentrate can be up-cycled as a useful resource. Practical strategy for effective management of landfill leachate concentrate is to recover the existing humate as fertilizer purpose for plant growth. Herein, we designed an electro-neutral nanofiltration membrane to separate the humate and inorganic salts for achieving a sufficient humate recovery from leachate concentrate. The electro-neutral nanofiltration membrane yielded a high retention of humate (96.54 %) with an extremely low salt rejection (3.47 %), tremendously outperforming the state-of-the-art nanofiltration membranes and exhibiting superior promise in fractionation of humate and inorganic salts. With implementation of the pressure-driven concentration process, the electro-neutral nanofiltration membrane enriched the humate from 1756 to 51,466 mg∙L-1 at a fold of 32.6, enabling 90.0 % humate recovery and 96.4 % desalination efficiency from landfill leachate concentrate. Furthermore, the recovered humate not only exerted no phytotoxicity, but also significantly promoted the metabolism of red bean plants, serving as an effective green fertilizer. The study provides a conceptual and technical platform using high-performance electro-neutral nanofiltration membranes to extract the humate as a promising nutrient for fertilizer application, in view of sustainable landfill leachate concentrate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Ye
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Mingqiu Hong
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xuan Huang
- Jiangsu DDBS Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd., 210012 Nanjing, China
| | - Tianci Chen
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Ailiang Gu
- Jiangsu DDBS Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd., 210012 Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaocheng Lin
- College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, PR China
| | - Xuewei Li
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Xiangrong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dong Han Seo
- Institute of Energy Materials & Devices, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH), Naju, Republic of Korea
| | - Shuaifei Zhao
- Deakin University, Geelong, Institute for Frontier Materials, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Xueming Chen
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Bart Van der Bruggen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (ProcESS), KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ming Xie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Jiuyang Lin
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341000, China; Key Laboratory of Rare Earths, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341000, China.
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2
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Zhang Z, Hu YB, Ruan W, Ai H, Yuan B, Fu ML. Highly improved dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol in aqueous solution by Fe/Ni nanoparticles supported by polystyrene resin. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:128976. [PMID: 33234308 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) is a typical chlorophenol that has been widely used in industrial production and caused serious pollution to the environment. In this study, the performance of Fe/Ni bimetallic nanoparticles supported on polystyrene cation exchange resin (Fe/Ni-D072) to remove 2,4-DCP was evaluated. The effects including the doping amount of Ni, the dosage of Fe/Ni-DCP, the initial concentration of 2,4-DCP, and pH value of the solution on the removal efficiency were also investigated. The results showed that when the initial concentration of 2,4-DCP was 20 mg/L and pH = 7.3, 90% of 2,4-DCP could be dechlorinated by Fe/Ni-D072 (Ni% = 30 wt%, dosage: 6.7 g/L) after 12 h reaction. The dechlorination process followed a pseudo-first-order model, and the reaction constant was 0.252 h-1. In addition, the effects of humic acid and common coexisting ions on dechlorination were studied. The results showed that humic acid with a low concentration (5 mg/L) and CO32- restrained the degradation of 2,4-DCP. The dechlorination products of 2,4-DCP were identified by HPLC and the result showed phenol was the main product with a slight amount of 2-CP as the dechlorination intermediate, and 4-CP was barely detected. These results suggest that Fe/Ni-D072 was a promising catalytic material for the removal of chlorophenol and has great application prospects in groundwater remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Zhang
- Xiamen Engineering & Technology Research Center for Urban Water Environment Planning and Remediation, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Bo Hu
- Xiamen Engineering & Technology Research Center for Urban Water Environment Planning and Remediation, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, P. R. China.
| | - Wenjuan Ruan
- College of Applied Science and Engineering, Fuzhou Institute of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350120, P. R. China
| | - Huiying Ai
- Xiamen Engineering & Technology Research Center for Urban Water Environment Planning and Remediation, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Baoling Yuan
- Xiamen Engineering & Technology Research Center for Urban Water Environment Planning and Remediation, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, P. R. China.
| | - Ming-Lai Fu
- Xiamen Engineering & Technology Research Center for Urban Water Environment Planning and Remediation, College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, P. R. China.
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3
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Qasim GH, Nguyen VH, Lee S, Lee W, Han S. Countereffect of glutathione on divalent mercury removal by nanoscale zero-valent iron in the presence of natural organic matter. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 398:122874. [PMID: 32512443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although there have been multiple studies on the effects of natural organic matter (NOM) on zero-valent iron (ZVI) removal of several regulated heavy metal ions from contaminated water, the role of NOM on Hg(II) removal by nanoscale ZVI (nZVI) has not yet been studied. The experimental results showed that in the presence of 100 mg L-1 of Suwannee River NOM (SRNOM), the Hg(II) removal ratio by nZVI decreased from 89% to 36% after 80 min of reaction. Similar trends were observed in the long-term test maintained for 15 days, attributable to the surface passivation of nZVI by SRNOM. In contrast, addition of 100 μM glutathione (GSH) to the nZVI suspensions increased the Hg(II) removal ratio from 85% to 96% after 15 days of reaction. Furthermore, adding 100 μM of GSH to the nZVI and SRNOM suspensions largely improved the removal efficiency of Hg(II) to be > 99% after 9 days of reaction, related to the enhanced dissolution of Fe(II) and consequent formation of lepidocrocite and maghemite on the nZVI surface. The addition of thiolic compounds is suggested as a promising step in overcoming the inhibitory effect of SRNOM for the remediation of Hg(II) using nZVI technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Hussain Qasim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Viet Huu Nguyen
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwook Lee
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojin Lee
- Department of Civil Engineering, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave., Astana 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan.
| | - Seunghee Han
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
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Qin H, Yin D, Bandstra JZ, Sun Y, Cao G, Guan X. Ferrous ion mitigates the negative effects of humic acid on removal of 4-nitrophenol by zerovalent iron. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 383:121218. [PMID: 31563765 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Fe2+ addition was employed to overcome the negative effects of humic acid (HA) on contaminant removal by zerovalent iron (ZVI), and its feasibility to improve electron efficiency of ZVI was also tested. HA at high concentrations suppressed the removal of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) by ZVI, while the addition of 0.25-1.0 mM Fe2+ could greatly mitigate this inhibitory effect and enhance 4-NP reduction. Specifically, with a mixed-order model, global fitting results showed that the addition of Fe2+ increased the rate constant from 0.124 × 10-2-0.219 × 10-2 mM/min to 0.227 × 10-2-0.417 × 10-2 mM/min and shortened lag period from 19.7-47.9 min to 8.0-15.2 min for 4-NP removal. The mechanistic investigation revealed this trend could be explained by the following aspects: i) Fe2+ can facilitate the generation of Fe(II)-containing oxides, which can act as an electron mediator or direct electron donor for 4-NP reduction; ii) the presence of Fe2+ could lead to aggregation of HA particles and accordingly reduced its coverage on ZVI surface. But the results of respike experiments indicate that Fe2+ addition did not show remarkable effect on the electron efficiency of 4-NP by ZVI, which should be associated with that Fe2+ was not able to favor the enrichment of 4-NP on ZVI surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hejie Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Daqiang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Joel Z Bandstra
- Department of Mathematics, Engineering, and Computer Science, Saint Francis University, Loretto, PA, 15940, USA
| | - Yuankui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Guomin Cao
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
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5
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Sun Y, Chen SS, Lau AYT, Tsang DCW, Mohanty SK, Bhatnagar A, Rinklebe J, Lin KYA, Ok YS. Waste-derived compost and biochar amendments for stormwater treatment in bioretention column: Co-transport of metals and colloids. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 383:121243. [PMID: 31563764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bioretention systems, as one of the most practical management operations for low impact development of water recovery, utilize different soil amendments to remove contaminants from stormwater. For the sake of urban sustainability, the utilization of amendments derived from waste materials has a potential to reduce waste disposal at landfill while improving the quality of stormwater discharge. This study investigated the efficiency of food waste compost and wood waste biochar for metal removal from synthetic stormwater runoff under intermittent flow and co-presence of colloids. Throughout intermittent infiltration of 84 pore volumes of stormwater, columns amended with compost and biochar removed more than 50-70% of influent metals, whereas iron-oxide coated sand was much less effective. Only a small portion of metals adsorbed on the compost (< 0.74%) was reactivated during the drainage of urban pipelines that do not flow frequently, owing to abundant oxygen-containing functional groups in compost. In comparison, co-existing kaolinite enhanced metal removal by biochar owing to the abundance of active sites, whereas co-existing humic acid facilitated mobilization via metal-humate complexation. The results suggest that both waste-derived compost and biochar show promising potential for stormwater harvesting, while biochar is expected to be more recalcitrant and desirable in field-scale bioretention systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Season S Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Abbe Y T Lau
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Sanjay K Mohanty
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1593, USA
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Yi Andrew Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI) & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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6
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Li M, Liu Z, Chen Y, Zhang M. Identifying effects of pipe material, hydraulic condition, and water composition on elemental accumulation in pipe corrosion scales. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:19906-19914. [PMID: 31090008 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05401-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Identification of the accumulation mechanism of major elements on pipe surface is essential to investigate the development of corrosion scales and co-occurrence of trace inorganic contaminants. In this study, corrosion scale samples were collected from old, corroded iron pipes made of different materials and exposed to different water qualities and operation conditions. Elemental composition of these scales was determined by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Cumulative occurrence analysis, Q-style hierarchical cluster analysis (CA), and principal component analysis (PCA) were conducted to ascertain major elements typical for corrosion scales and to estimate the dominant influencing factor to each elemental constituent. The major elements in the examined scales are Fe, C, Zn, Si, Ca, Al, and S in the descending prevalence. Their occurrences are influenced by an interactive effect. Pipe material imposes a significant effect on the accumulation of Fe, Zn, and Ca in corrosion scales; water composition can account for the presence of Si, Al, and S in this study; hydraulic condition is identified as the primary factor influencing the occurrence of C and Ca. Q-style CA and PCA are verified practicable for data interpretation and identification of dominant factors influencing scale characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjie Li
- State Key Laboratory Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhaowei Liu
- State Key Laboratory Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Yongcan Chen
- State Key Laboratory Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingdong Zhang
- School of Software, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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7
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Yi Y, Wu J, Tu G, Zhao D, Fang Z, Tsang PE. The humic acid influenced the behavior and reactivity of Ni/Fe nanoparticles in the removal of deca-brominated diphenyl ether from aqueous solution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:10136-10147. [PMID: 30747323 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04403-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The removal of contaminants by iron-based nanomaterials was inevitably affected by the natural organic matter (NOM), which is one of the most abundant material on earth and exists in natural waters. This study was performed to investigate the main influence of humic acid (HA, representing NOM) on the behavior and reactivity of Ni/Fe nanoparticles in the removal of deca-brominated diphenyl ether (BDE209). Generally, the inhibitory effect of HA on the removal of BDE209 by Ni/Fe showed greater significance with an increase of HA concentration. The zeta potential and sedimentation experiments showed that the HA enhanced the dispersion and stabilization of Ni/Fe particles; however, the removal of BDE209 was found to be inhibited. Moreover, the corrosion capacity of the Ni/Fe nanoparticles showed a positive correlation with the effect of HA on the reactivity of Ni/Fe nanoparticles. Meanwhile, typical quinone compounds in HA had an adverse effect on the removal of BDE209. Additionally, the competitive adsorption experiments and characterization illustrated that the adsorption of HA by Ni/Fe nanoparticles was superior to BDE209. Overall, it was proposed that the corrosion of Ni/Fe was reduced as the contact between the nanoparticles and H2O was hindered due to the surface of Ni/Fe was occupied by the adsorbed HA, and thus inhibited the reactivity of Ni/Fe nanoparticles in the removal of BDE209.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqiang Yi
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Ecological Management and Remediation of Water System, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Juan Wu
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Ecological Management and Remediation of Water System, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guoquan Tu
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Ecological Management and Remediation of Water System, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dongye Zhao
- Environmental Engineering Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Zhanqiang Fang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Ecological Management and Remediation of Water System, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Pokeung Eric Tsang
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 00852, China
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Sun Y, Liu Z, Fei Z, Li C, Chun Y, Zhang A. Synergistic effect and degradation mechanism on Fe-Ni/CNTs for removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol in aqueous solution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:8768-8778. [PMID: 30712207 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04394-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fe-Ni bimetallic nanoparticles supported on CNTs (Fe-Ni/CNTs) were synthesized, characterized, and applied for removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) in aqueous solution. The removal performance was enhanced drastically on Fe-Ni/CNTs with respect to monometallic Fe/CNTs. The synergistic effect between Fe-Ni nanoparticles and CNTs has been studied in detail. The research results indicated that the doping of Ni played an important role in promoting the catalytic degradation of 2,4-DCP. And the presence of CNTs not only could effectively reduce the aggregation of nanoparticles but also facilitate the mass transfer of 2,4-DCP and the formation of active atomic hydrogen during the catalytic process. In addition, the removal kinetics of 2,4-DCP by Fe-Ni/CNTs were in agreement with a pseudo-first-order model, and the rate constants were dependent on a number of factors including the initial concentration of 2,4-DCP, the dosage of Fe-Ni/CNTs, pH value of the solution, and doping amount of Ni. The degradation mechanism involved the adsorption by CNTs and catalytic reduction by Fe under the stimulating of Ni, and the preferred dechlorination followed the order of para-Cl > ortho-Cl. The study confirmed that Fe-Ni/CNTs had a potential to be a promising catalytic material for removal of chlorophenol and had a great prospect for practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongtang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenghao Fei
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224002, People's Republic of China
| | - Changshun Li
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Chun
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Aimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
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Wang W, Wang J, Guo Y, Zhu C, Pan F, Wu R, Wang C. Removal of multiple nitrosamines from aqueous solution by nanoscale zero-valent iron supported on granular activated carbon: Influencing factors and reaction mechanism. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 639:934-943. [PMID: 29929332 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to their significant absorption and reduction abilities, nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI)/granular activated carbon (GAC) composites are very effective for the degradation of organic contaminants and heavy metals. However, to date, there is no systematic study on the applicability of nZVI/GAC for the removal of multiple highly toxic nitrosamines from water supplies. For this study, nZVI/GAC was synthesized and applied to the degradation of multiple nitrosamines. The effects of initial nitrosamine concentration, composite dosage, contact duration, competition with coexistent elements, and reaction mechanisms during the nitrosamine removal process from aqueous solutions were investigated. Compared with bare nZVI and GAC, the removal rates of six nitrosamines via nZVI/GAC were initially very rapid. The highest removal ratios of the six nitrosamines were 76.1% (N-nitrosodimethylamine, NDMA), 84.7% (N-nitrosomethylethylamine, NMEA), 89.8% (N-nitrosodiethylamine, NDEA), 93.5% (N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine, NDPA), 95.7% (N-nitrosodi-n-butylamine, NDBA), and 80.4% (N-nitrosomorpholine, NMor). The nitrosamine degradation kinetics data agreed well with the pseudo-second-order model (R22 > 0.99), the rate constant k2 for nitrosamine (200 ng/L) removal by nZVI/GAC increased in the order of NDBA (0.3675) > NDPA (0.0254) > NMEA (0.0109) > NDEA (0.0105) > NDMA (0.0101) > NMor (0.0077). In the presence of cations, anions, and humic acid (HA) the removal of the six nitrosamines was inhibited at each concentration. Furthermore, the removal ratios and K2 of the five linear nitrosamines by nZVI/GAC partially scaled with structure, LogKow, and Henry's constant, particularly between K2 and these properties (R2 > 0.80). The reaction mechanism revealed that nitrosamines were adsorbed by GAC and then reduced by Fe0, where the reductive products were primarily secondary amines, nitrate, and nitrite. This study serves to improve our understanding, and further characterizes the removal of multiple nitrosamines by nZVI/GAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yanling Guo
- College of Resource and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China.
| | - Chunyou Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Feng Pan
- Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Ruijie Wu
- Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
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Swiech WM, Hamerton I, Zeng H, Watson DJ, Mason E, Taylor SE. Water-based fractionation of a commercial humic acid. Solid-state and colloidal characterization of the solubility fractions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 508:28-38. [PMID: 28818654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Humic acid (HA) is of considerable environmental significance, being a major component of soil, as well as being considered for application in other technological areas. However, its structure and colloidal properties continue to be the subject of debate, largely owing to its molecular complexity and association with other humic substances and mineral matter. As a class, HA is considered to comprise supramolecular assemblies of heterogeneous species, and herein we consider a simple route for the separation of some HA sub-fractions. EXPERIMENTS A commercial HA sample from Sigma-Aldrich has been fractionated into two soluble (S1, S2) and two insoluble (I1, I2) fractions by successive dissolution in deionized water at near-neutral pH. These sub-fractions have been characterized by solution and solid-state approaches. FINDINGS Using this simple approach, the HA has been shown to contain non-covalently bonded species with different polarity and water solubility. The soluble and insoluble fractions have very different chemical structures, as revealed particularly by their solid-state properties (13C NMR and IR spectroscopy, and TGA); in particular, S1 and S2 are characterized by higher carbonyl and aromatic contents, compared with I1 and I2. As shown by solution SAXS measurements and AFM, the soluble fractions behave as hydrophilic colloidal aggregates of at least 50nm diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika M Swiech
- Centre for Petroleum and Surface Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Ian Hamerton
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Huang Zeng
- BP America, Upstream Technology, 501 Westlake Blvd., Houston, TX 77079, USA
| | - David J Watson
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Eleonore Mason
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AD, UK
| | - Spencer E Taylor
- Centre for Petroleum and Surface Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK.
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11
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Self-cleaning liner for halogenated hydrocarbon control in landfill leachate. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14140. [PMID: 29074986 PMCID: PMC5658343 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14562-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorptive landfill liners can prevent the migration of the leachate pollutants. However, their sorption ability will decrease over time. A method should be developed to maintain the sorption ability of landfill liners. In this study, we combined cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-bentonite (CTMAB-bentonite) and zero-valent iron (ZVI) to develop a self-cleaning liner that can retain its sorption ability for a long period. Batch experiments and calculation simulations were employed to analyse the sorption ability of this liner material and the ecological risk of halogenated hydrocarbons. The results showed that CTMAB-bentonite could sorb halogenated hydrocarbons well, with saturated sorption capacities (Qm) of 10.2, 14.5, 6.69, 18.5, 29.4, and 49.7 mg·g-1 for dichloroethane (DCA), trichloroethane (TCA), dichloroethene (DCE), trichloroethylene (TCE), tetrachloroethylene (PCE), and 1,3- dichloropropene (1,3-DCP), respectively. Using the mixture of 0.5 g iron and 0.5 g CTMAB-bentonite could dramatically increase the removal efficiency of DCE, TCE, and PCE. The reaction with ZVI did not change the structure of CTMAB-bentonite and its sorption ability remained consistent. Calculation results suggested that the self-cleaning landfill liner would dramatically decrease the hazard index (HI) of the eluate. However, the humic acid and salt in leachate would cause a reduction in the removal of halogenated hydrocarbons.
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12
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Sun Y, Lei C, Khan E, Chen SS, Tsang DCW, Ok YS, Lin D, Feng Y, Li XD. Nanoscale zero-valent iron for metal/metalloid removal from model hydraulic fracturing wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 176:315-323. [PMID: 28273539 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.02.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) was tested for the removal of Cu(II), Zn(II), Cr(VI), and As(V) in model saline wastewaters from hydraulic fracturing. Increasing ionic strength (I) from 0.35 to 4.10 M (Day-1 to Day-90 wastewaters) increased Cu(II) removal (25.4-80.0%), inhibited Zn(II) removal (58.7-42.9%), slightly increased and then reduced Cr(VI) removal (65.7-44.1%), and almost unaffected As(V) removal (66.7-75.1%) by 8-h reaction with nZVI at 1-2 g L-1. The removal kinetics conformed to pseudo-second-order model, and increasing I decreased the surface area-normalized rate coefficient (ksa) of Cu(II) and Cr(VI), probably because agglomeration of nZVI in saline wastewaters restricted diffusion of metal(loid)s to active surface sites. Increasing I induced severe Fe dissolution from 0.37 to 0.77% in DIW to 4.87-13.0% in Day-90 wastewater; and Fe dissolution showed a significant positive correlation with Cu(II) removal. With surface stabilization by alginate and polyvinyl alcohol, the performance of entrapped nZVI in Day-90 wastewater was improved for Zn(II) and Cr(VI), and Fe dissolution was restrained (3.20-7.36%). The X-ray spectroscopic analysis and chemical speciation modelling demonstrated that the difference in removal trends from Day-1 to Day-90 wastewaters was attributed to: (i) distinctive removal mechanisms of Cu(II) and Cr(VI) (adsorption, (co-)precipitation, and reduction), compared to Zn(II) (adsorption) and As(V) (bidentate inner-sphere complexation); and (ii) changes in solution speciation (e.g., from Zn2+ to ZnCl3- and ZnCl42-; from CrO42- to CaCrO4 complex). Bare nZVI was susceptible to variations in wastewater chemistry while entrapped nZVI was more stable and environmentally benign, which could be used to remove metals/metalloids before subsequent treatment for reuse/disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Cheng Lei
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Eakalak Khan
- Department of Civil Engineering, North Dakota State University, Dept 2470, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, ND, 58108, USA
| | - Season S Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Science & Korea Biochar Research Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Daohui Lin
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yujie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Xiang-Dong Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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13
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Shan C, Wang X, Guan X, Liu F, Zhang W, Pan B. Efficient Removal of Trace Se(VI) by Millimeter-Sized Nanocomposite of Zerovalent Iron Confined in Polymeric Anion Exchanger. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Shan
- State
Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of
the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Research
Center for Environmental Nanotechnology (ReCENT), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xing Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of
the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaohong Guan
- State
Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of
Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Fei Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of
the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weiming Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of
the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Research
Center for Environmental Nanotechnology (ReCENT), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bingcai Pan
- State
Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of
the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Research
Center for Environmental Nanotechnology (ReCENT), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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14
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Li H, Chen YQ, Chen S, Wang XL, Guo S, Qiu YF, Liu YD, Duan XL, Yu YJ. Wheat straw biochar-supported nanoscale zerovalent iron for removal of trichloroethylene from groundwater. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172337. [PMID: 28264061 PMCID: PMC5338781 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study synthesized the wheat straw biochar-supported nanoscale zerovalent iron (BC-nZVI) via in-situ reduction with NaBH4 and biochar pyrolyzed at 600°C. Wheat straw biochar, as a carrier, significantly enhanced the removal of trichloroethylene (TCE) by nZVI. The pseudo-first-order rate constant of TCE removal by BC-nZVI (1.079 h−1) within 260 min was 1.4 times higher and 539.5 times higher than that of biochar and nZVI, respectively. TCE was 79% dechlorinated by BC-nZVI within 15 h, but only 11% dechlorinated by unsupported nZVI, and no TCE dechlorination occurred with unmodified biochar. Weakly acidic solution (pH 5.7–6.8) significantly enhanced the dechlorination of TCE. Chloride enhanced the removal of TCE, while SO42−, HCO3− and NO3− all inhibited it. Humic acid (HA) inhibited BC-nZVI reactivity, but the inhibition decreased slightly as the concentration of HA increased from 40 mg∙L-1 to 80 mg∙L-1, which was due to the electron shutting by HA aggregates. Results suggest that BC-nZVI was promising for remediation of TCE contaminated groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Ya Qin Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Li Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
- School of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (XLW); (YJY)
| | - Shu Guo
- Center of Environmental Health Research, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yue Feng Qiu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yong Di Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Li Duan
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Jiang Yu
- Center of Environmental Health Research, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (XLW); (YJY)
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15
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Beiyuan J, Tsang DCW, Yip ACK, Zhang W, Ok YS, Li XD. Risk mitigation by waste-based permeable reactive barriers for groundwater pollution control at e-waste recycling sites. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2017; 39:75-88. [PMID: 26932558 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-016-9808-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) have proved to be a promising passive treatment to control groundwater contamination and associated human health risks. This study explored the potential use of low-cost adsorbents as PRBs media and assessed their longevity and risk mitigation against leaching of acidic rainfall through an e-waste recycling site, of which Cu, Zn, and Pb were the major contaminants. Batch adsorption experiments suggested a higher adsorption capacity of inorganic industrial by-products [acid mine drainage sludge (AMDS) and coal fly ash (CFA)] and carbonaceous recycled products [food waste compost (FWC) and wood-derived biochar] compared to natural inorganic minerals (limestone and apatite). Continuous leaching tests of sand columns with 10 wt% low-cost adsorbents were then conducted to mimic the field situation of acidic rainfall infiltration through e-waste-contaminated soils (collected from Qingyuan, China) by using synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP) solution. In general, Zn leached out first, followed by Cu, and finally delayed breakthrough of Pb. In the worst-case scenario (e.g., at initial concentrations equal to 50-fold of average SPLP result), the columns with limestone, apatite, AMDS, or biochar were effective for a relatively short period of about 20-40 pore volumes of leaching, after which Cu breakthrough caused non-cancer risk concern and later-stage Pb leaching considerably increased both non-cancer and lifetime cancer risk associated with portable use of contaminated water. In contrast, the columns with CFA or FWC successfully mitigated overall risks to an acceptable level for a prolonged period of 100-200 pore volumes. Therefore, with proper selection of low-cost adsorbents (or their mixture), waste-based PRBs is a technically feasible and economically viable solution to mitigate human health risk due to contaminated groundwater at e-waste recycling sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzi Beiyuan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Alex C K Yip
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
| | - Weihua Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Xiang-Dong Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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16
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Sun Y, Chen SS, Tsang DCW, Graham NJD, Ok YS, Feng Y, Li XD. Zero-valent iron for the abatement of arsenate and selenate from flowback water of hydraulic fracturing. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 167:163-170. [PMID: 27718428 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Zero-valent iron (ZVI) was tested for the removal of 150 μg L-1 As(V) and 350 μg L-1 Se(VI) in high-salinity (ionic strength 0.35-4.10 M) flowback water of hydraulic fracturing. Over 90% As(V) and Se(VI) was removed by 2.5 g L-1 ZVI in Day-14 flowback water up to 96-h reaction, with the remaining concentration below the maximum contaminant level for As(V) and criterion continuous concentration for Se(VI) recommended by US EPA. The kinetics of As(V) and Se(VI) removal followed a pseudo-second-order rate expression with the observed rates of 4.51 × 10-2-4.91 × 10-1 and 3.48 × 10-2-6.58 × 10-1 h-1 (with 0.5-10 g L-1 ZVI), respectively. The results showed that Se(VI) removal significantly decreased with increasing ionic strength, while As(V) removal showed little variation. Common competing anions (nitrate, bicarbonate, silicate, and phosphate), present in shallow groundwater and stormwater, caused marginal Se(VI) desorption (2.42 ± 0.13%) and undetectable As(V) desorption from ZVI. The competition between As(V) and Se(VI) for ZVI removal depended on the initial molar ratio and surface sites, which occurred when the Se(VI) concentration was higher than the As(V) concentration in this study. The characterization of As(V)- and Se(VI)-loaded ZVI by X-ray diffraction and Raman analysis revealed that ZVI gradually converted to magnetite/maghemite corrosion products with lepidocrocite in flowback water over 30 days. Similar corrosion compositions were confirmed in aerobic and anaerobic conditions regardless of the molar ratio of As(V) to Se(VI). The high reactivity and stability of ZVI showed its suitability for in-situ prevention of As(V) and Se(VI) migration due to accidental leakage, spillage, or overflow of flowback water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Season S Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Nigel J D Graham
- Environmental and Water Resources Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center & School of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Yujie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Xiang-Dong Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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17
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Sun Y, Li J, Huang T, Guan X. The influences of iron characteristics, operating conditions and solution chemistry on contaminants removal by zero-valent iron: A review. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 100:277-295. [PMID: 27206056 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
For successful application of a zero-valent iron (ZVI) system, of particular interest is the performance of ZVI under various conditions. The current review comprehensively summarizes the potential effects of the major influencing factors, such as iron intrinsic characteristics (e.g., surface area, iron impurities and oxide films), operating conditions (e.g., pH, dissolved oxygen, iron dosage, iron pretreatment, mixing conditions and temperature) and solution chemistry (e.g., anions, cations and natural organic matter) on the performance of ZVI reported in literature. It was demonstrated that all of the factors could exert significant effects on the ZVI performance toward contaminants removal, negatively or positively. Depending on the removal mechanisms of the respective contaminants and other environmental conditions, an individual variable may exhibit different effects. On the other hand, many of these influences have not been well understood or cannot be individually isolated in experimental or natural systems. Thus, more research is required in order to elucidate the exact roles and mechanisms of each factor in affecting the performance of ZVI. Furthermore, based on these understandings, future research may attempt to establish some feasible strategies to minimize the deteriorating effects and utilize the positive effects so as to improve the performance of ZVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Jinxiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Tinglin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China.
| | - Xiaohong Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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18
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Peluffo M, Pardo F, Santos A, Romero A. Use of different kinds of persulfate activation with iron for the remediation of a PAH-contaminated soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 563-564:649-656. [PMID: 26391654 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of soils by persistent pollutants is considered an important matter of increasing concern. In this work, activated persulfate (PS) was applied for the remediation of a soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as anthracene (ANT), phenanthrene (PHE), pyrene (PYR) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). PS activation was performed by different ways; where ferric, ferrous sulfate salts (1-5mmol·L(-1)) and nanoparticles of zerovalent iron (nZVI) were used as activators. Moreover, in order to improve the oxidation rate of contaminants in the aqueous phase, the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), as anionic surfactant, was tested. On the other hand, it was also studied the role of humic acids (HA), as reducing agent or surfactant, on PAHs conversion. Removal efficiencies near 100% were achieved for ANT and BaP in all the runs carried out. Nevertheless, remarkable differences on removal efficiencies were observed for the different techniques applied in case of PHE and PYR. In this sense, the highest conversions of PHE (80%) and PYR (near 100%) were achieved when nZVI was used as activator. Similar results were obtained when activation was carried out either with Fe(2+) or Fe(3+). This can be explained by the presence of quinone type compounds, as 9,10-anthraquinone (ATQ), that can promote the reduction of Fe(3+) into Fe(2+), permitting PS radicals to be generated. On the other hand, the addition of HA did not produce an improvement of the process while surfactant addition slightly increases the PAHs removal. Furthermore, a kinetic model was developed, describing the behavior of persulfate consumption, and contaminants removal under first order kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Peluffo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas-UNLP, CCT-La Plata, CONICET, La Plata 1900, Argentina
| | - F Pardo
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Av Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Santos
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Av Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - A Romero
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Av Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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19
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Wang H, Tian Z, Jiang L, Luo W, Wei Z, Li S, Cui J, Wei W. Highly efficient adsorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution by Fe3+ impregnated biochar. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2016.1203333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution (Jiangsu Province), Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Tian
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sias International University, Xinzheng, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenwen Luo
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenggui Wei
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiyin Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, School of the Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution (Jiangsu Province), Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, China
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20
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Zhu X, He J, Su S, Zhang X, Wang F. Concept model of the formation process of humic acid-kaolin complexes deduced by trichloroethylene sorption experiments and various characterizations. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 151:116-123. [PMID: 26933902 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.02.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To explore the interactions between soil organic matter and minerals, humic acid (HA, as organic matter), kaolin (as a mineral component) and Ca(2+) (as metal ions) were used to prepare HA-kaolin and Ca-HA-kaolin complexes. These complexes were used in trichloroethylene (TCE) sorption experiments and various characterizations. Interactions between HA and kaolin during the formation of their complexes were confirmed by the obvious differences between the Qe (experimental sorbed TCE) and Qe_p (predicted sorbed TCE) values of all detected samples. The partition coefficient kd obtained for the different samples indicated that both the organic content (fom) and Ca(2+) could significantly impact the interactions. Based on experimental results and various characterizations, a concept model was developed. In the absence of Ca(2+), HA molecules first patched onto charged sites of kaolin surfaces, filling the pores. Subsequently, as the HA content increased and the first HA layer reached saturation, an outer layer of HA began to form, compressing the inner HA layer. As HA loading continued, the second layer reached saturation, such that an outer-third layer began to form, compressing the inner layers. In the presence of Ca(2+), which not only can promote kaolin self-aggregation but can also boost HA attachment to kaolin, HA molecules were first surrounded by kaolin. Subsequently, first and second layers formed (with inner layer compression) via the same process as described above in the absence of Ca(2+), except that the second layer continued to load rather than reach saturation, within the investigated conditions, because of enhanced HA aggregation caused by Ca(2+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhu
- School of Water Resources and Environment, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Jiangtao He
- School of Water Resources and Environment, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Sihui Su
- School of Water Resources and Environment, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Xiaoliang Zhang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 29 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, PR China
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21
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Schöftner P, Waldner G, Lottermoser W, Stöger-Pollach M, Freitag P, Reichenauer TG. Electron efficiency of nZVI does not change with variation of environmental parameters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 535:69-78. [PMID: 26006053 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale zero-valent iron particles (nZVI) are already applied for in-situ dechlorination of halogenated organic contaminants in the field. We performed batch experiments whereby trichloroethene (TCE) was dehalogenated by nZVI under different environmental conditions that are relevant in practice. The tested conditions include different ionic strengths, addition of polyelectrolytes (carboxymethylcellulose and ligninsulphonate), lowered temperature, dissolved oxygen and different particle contents. Particle properties were determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy, XRD, TEM, SEM, AAS and laser obscuration time measurements. TCE dehalogenation and H2 evolution were decelerated by reduced ionic strength, addition of polyelectrolytes, temperature reduction, the presence of dissolved oxygen and reduced particle content. The partitioning of released electrons between reactions with the contaminant vs. with water (selectivity) was low, independent of the tested conditions. Basically out of hundred electrons that were released via nZVI oxidation only 3.1±1.4 were used for TCE dehalogenation. Even lower selectivities were observed at TCE concentrations below 3.5 mg l(-1), hence particle modifications and/or combination of nZVI with other remediation technologies seem to be necessary to reach target concentrations for remediation. Our results suggest that selectivity is particle intrinsic and not as much condition dependent, hence particle synthesis and potential particle modifications of nZVI particles may be more important for optimization of the pollutant degradation rate, than tested environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Schöftner
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln a.d. Donau, Austria.
| | - Georg Waldner
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln a.d. Donau, Austria
| | - Werner Lottermoser
- Salzburg University, FB Materialforschung und Physik, Hellbrunnerstr. 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Michael Stöger-Pollach
- Technical University of Vienna, Universitäre Service-Einrichtung für Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie - USTEM.
| | - Peter Freitag
- Keller Grundbau Ges. mbH, Mariahilfer Straße 127a, 1150 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Thomas G Reichenauer
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln a.d. Donau, Austria.
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22
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Rajic L, Fallahpour N, Oguzie E, Alshawabkeh A. Electrochemical transformation of thichloroethylene in groundwater by Ni-containing cathodes. Electrochim Acta 2015; 181:118-122. [PMID: 26538681 DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.03.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluate the use of different stainless steel (SS) materials as cost-effective cathode materials for electrochemical transformation of trichloroethylene (TCE) in contaminated groundwater. Ni, which is present in certain SS, has low hydrogen overpotential that promotes fast formation of atomic hydrogen and, therefore, its content can enhance hydrodechlorination (HDC). We a flow-through electrochemical reactor with a SS cathode followed by an anode. The performance of Ni containing foam cathodes (Fe/Ni and Ni foam) was also evaluated for electrochemical transformation of TCE in groundwater. SS type 316 (12% Ni) removed 61.7% of TCE compared to 52.6% removed by SS 304 (9.25% Ni) and 37.5% removed by SS 430 (0.75% Ni). Ni foam cathode produced the highest TCE removal rate (68.4%) compared with other cathodes. The slightly lower performance of SS type 316 mesh is balanced by the reduction in treatment costs for larger-scale systems. The results prove that Ni content in SS highly influences TCE removal rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljiljana Rajic
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Noushin Fallahpour
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Emeka Oguzie
- Electrochemistry and Material Science Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, PM B 1526, Owerri, Nigeria
| | - Akram Alshawabkeh
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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23
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Zhu SN, Wang C, Yip ACK, Tsang DCW. Highly effective degradation of sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate and synthetic greywater by Fenton-like reaction over zerovalent iron-based catalyst. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2015; 36:1423-1432. [PMID: 25424128 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2014.992481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing interest to recycle greywater for meeting non-portable water demand. However, linear alkylbenzene sulphonates (a form of anionic surfactants) that are commonly found in greywater are less biodegradable at moderate to high concentrations. A fenton-like system is a relatively economic advanced oxidation process that can potentially be used for surfactant degradation in greywater treatment. This study investigated the feasibility of zerovalent iron (ZVI)-mediated Fenton's oxidation of sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate (SDBS) using Fe0/H2O2 and Fe2+/Fe0/H2O2 systems under a range of operating conditions. For the Fe0/H2O2 binary system, the initial pH value and Fe0 dosage played important roles in final degradation efficiency. For the Fe2+/Fe0/H2O2 ternary systems, a small amount of Fe2+ (0.5-1.7 mM) contributed a synergistic effect to promote iron recycling and SDBS degradation. Approximately, 90% of SDBS mineralization efficiency was accomplished within 15 min at a pH range from 3.0 to 6.5, using 18 mM Fe0 and 15 mM H2O2. However, the removal kinetics was rate-limited by Fe2+ dissolution from the ZVI surfaces. The Fenton-like process of the Fe2+/Fe0/H2O2 ternary system also presents a promising treatment method for synthetic greywater, in which 90% TOC removal was achieved within the first 10 min; 78% COD and 91% BOD5 were achieved after 120 min of reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ni Zhu
- a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong , People's Republic of China
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24
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Huang J, Chen J, Xie Z, Xu X. Treatment of nanofiltration concentrates of mature landfill leachate by a coupled process of coagulation and internal micro-electrolysis adding hydrogen peroxide. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2015; 36:1001-1007. [PMID: 25270868 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2014.971882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a coupled process of coagulation and aerated internal micro-electrolysis (IME) with the in situ addition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was investigated for the treatment of nanofiltration (NF) concentrate from mature landfill leachate. The acceptable operating conditions were determined as follows: initial pH 4, polymeric aluminium chloride dosage of 525 mg-Al2O3/L in the coagulation process, H2O2 dosage of 0.75 mM and an hydraulic retention time of 2 h in an aerated IME reactor. As a result, the removal efficiencies for chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon, UV254 and colour were 79.2%, 79.6%, 81.8% and 90.8%, respectively. In addition, the ratio of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5)/COD in the final effluent increased from 0.03 to 0.31, and that of E2/E4 from 12.4 to 38.5, respectively. The results indicate that the combined process is an effective and economical way to remove organic matters and to improve the biodegradability of the NF concentrate. Coagulation process reduces the adverse impact of high-molecular-weight organic matters such as humic acids, on the aerated IME process. A proper addition of H2O2 in the aerated IME can promote the corrosion of solid iron (Fe2+/Fe3+) and cause a likely domino effect in the enhancement of removal efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingang Huang
- a Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering , Hangzhou Dianzi University , Hangzhou 310018 , People's Republic of China
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25
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Tsang DCW, Yip ACK, Olds WE, Weber PA. Arsenic and copper stabilisation in a contaminated soil by coal fly ash and green waste compost. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:10194-10204. [PMID: 24859701 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3032-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In situ metal stabilisation by amendments has been demonstrated as an appealing low-cost remediation strategy for contaminated soil. This study investigated the short-term leaching behaviour and long-term stability of As and Cu in soil amended with coal fly ash and/or green waste compost. Locally abundant inorganic (limestone and bentonite) and carbonaceous (lignite) resources were also studied for comparison. Column leaching experiments revealed that coal fly ash outperformed limestone and bentonite amendments for As stabilisation. It also maintained the As stability under continuous leaching of acidic solution, which was potentially attributed to high-affinity adsorption, co-precipitation, and pozzolanic reaction of coal fly ash. However, Cu leaching in the column experiments could not be mitigated by any of these inorganic amendments, suggesting the need for co-addition of carbonaceous materials that provides strong chelation with oxygen-containing functional groups for Cu stabilisation. Green waste compost suppressed the Cu leaching more effectively than lignite due to the difference in chemical composition and dissolved organic matter. After 9-month soil incubation, coal fly ash was able to minimise the concentrations of As and Cu in the soil solution without the addition of carbonaceous materials. Nevertheless, leachability tests suggested that the provision of green waste compost and lignite augmented the simultaneous reduction of As and Cu leachability in a fairly aggressive leaching environment. These results highlight the importance of assessing stability and remobilisation of sequestered metals under varying environmental conditions for ensuring a plausible and enduring soil stabilisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand,
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26
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Tsang DCW, Hartley NR. Metal distribution and spectroscopic analysis after soil washing with chelating agents and humic substances. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:3987-3995. [PMID: 24297462 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2300-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable chelating agents ([S,S]-ethylenediamine-N,N-disuccinic acid (EDDS) and glutamic-N,N-diacetic acid (GLDA)) and natural humic substances (lignite-derived, standard, and commercially available humic acids) are potentially useful for enhancing soil remediation of timber treatment sites. This study integrated macroscopic and spectroscopic analyses to assess their influence on the distribution and chemical speciation of the remaining metals as well as their interaction with the soil surface after 48-h washing of a field-contaminated soil. The results demonstrated that EDDS and GLDA were an appealing alternative to non-biodegradable ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid, but the three humic substances were less effective. As shown by sequential extractions, Cu was primarily extracted from the carbonate fraction while Cr and As extraction resulted from (co-)dissolution of the oxide fraction. As a result, the relative proportion of strongly bound organic matter and residual fractions increased by 7-16 %. However, it was noteworthy that the exchangeable fraction also increased by 5-11 %, signifying that a portion of the remaining metals was destabilized by chelating agents and transformed to be more labile in the treated soil. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra confirmed the substantial removal of readily accessible Cu from the soil surface, but Cr maintained its original chemical forms of trivalent chromium oxides and iron-chromium coprecipitates, whereas As remained as arsenic trioxide/pentoxide and copper arsenate precipitates. On the other hand, the absence of characteristic peaks of adsorbed carboxylate groups in the Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra inferred that the extent of adsorption of chelating agents and humic substances on the bulk soil was insufficient to be characterized by FTIR analysis. These results suggested that attention should be paid to the exchangeable fraction of Cu and oxides/coprecipitates of As prior to possible on-site reuse of the treated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand,
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27
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Tsang DCW, Olds WE, Weber PA, Yip ACK. Soil stabilisation using AMD sludge, compost and lignite: TCLP leachability and continuous acid leaching. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 93:2839-2847. [PMID: 24144464 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.09.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Utilising locally available industrial by-products for in situ metal stabilisation presents a low-cost remediation approach for contaminated soil. This study explored the potential use of inorganic (acid mine drainage (AMD) sludge and zero-valent iron) and carbonaceous materials (green waste compost, manure compost, and lignite) for minimising the environmental risks of As and Cu at a timber treatment site. After 9-month soil incubation, significant sequestration of As and Cu in soil solution was accomplished by AMD sludge, on which adsorption and co-precipitation could take place. The efficacy of AMD sludge was comparable to that of zero-valent iron. There was marginal benefit of adding carbonaceous materials. However, in a moderately aggressive environment (Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure), AMD sludge only suppressed the leachability of As but not Cu. Therefore, the provision of compost and lignite augmented the simultaneous reduction of Cu leachability, probably via surface complexation with oxygen-containing functional groups. Under continuous acid leaching in column experiments, combined application of AMD sludge with compost proved more effective than AMD sludge with lignite. This was possibly attributed to the larger amount of dissolved organic matter with aromatic moieties from lignite, which may enhance Cu and As mobility. Nevertheless, care should be taken to mitigate ecological impact associated with short-term substantial Ca release and continuous release of Al at a moderate level under acid leaching. This study also articulated the engineering implications and provided recommendations for field deployment, material processing, and assessment framework to ensure an environmentally sound application of reactive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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28
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Wang Y, Tsang DCW. Effects of solution chemistry on arsenic(V) removal by low-cost adsorbents. J Environ Sci (China) 2013; 25:2291-2298. [PMID: 24552058 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(12)60296-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Natural and anthropogenic arsenic (As) contamination of water sources pose serious health concerns, especially for small communities in rural areas. This study assessed the applicability of three industrial byproducts (coal fly ash, lignite, and green waste compost) as the low-cost adsorbents for As(V) removal under various field-relevant conditions (dissolved oxygen, As(V)/Fe ratio, solution pH, and presence of competing species). The physico-chemical properties of the adsorbents were characterized by XRD, XRF, FT-IR, and NMR analysis. Batch experiments demonstrated that coal fly ash could provide effective As(V) removal (82.1%-95%) because it contained high content of amorphous iron/aluminium hydroxides for As(V) adsorption and dissolvable calcium minerals for calcium arsenate precipitation. However, the addition of lignite and green waste compost was found unfavourable since they hindered the As(V) removal by 10%-42% possibly due to dissolution of organic matter and ternary arsenate-iron-organic matter complexes. On the other hand, higher concentrations of dissolved iron (comparing As(V)/Fe ratios of 1:1 and 1:10) and dissolved oxygen (comparing 0.2 and 6 mg/L) only marginally enhanced the As(V) removal at pH 6 and 8. Thus, addition of dissolved iron, water aeration, or pH adjustment became unnecessary because coal fly ash was able to provide effective As(V) removal under the natural range of geochemical conditions. Moreover, the presence of low levels of background competing (0.8 or 8 mg/L of humic acid, phosphate, and silicate) imposed little influence on As(V) removal, possibly because the high adsorption capacity of coal fly ash was far from exhaustion. These results suggested that coal fly ash was a potentially promising adsorbent that warranted further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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29
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Wang YR, Tsang DCW, Olds WE, Weber PA. Utilizing acid mine drainage sludge and coal fly ash for phosphate removal from dairy wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2013; 34:3177-3182. [PMID: 24617077 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2013.808243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate a new and sustainable approach for the reuse of industrial by-products from wastewater treatment. The dairy industry produces huge volumes of wastewater, characterized by high levels of phosphate that can result in eutrophication and degradation of aquatic ecosystems. This study evaluated the application of acid mine drainage (AMD) sludge, coal fly ash, and lignite as low-cost adsorbents for the removal of phosphate from dairy wastewater. Material characterization using X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis revealed significant amounts of crystalline/amorphous Fe/Al/Si/Ca-based minerals and large surface areas of AMD sludge and fly ash. Batch adsorption isotherms were best described using the Freundlich model. The Freundlich distribution coefficients were 13.7 mg(0.577) L(0.423) g(-1) and 16.9 mg(0.478) L(0.522) g(-1) for AMD sludge and fly ash, respectively, and the nonlinearity constants suggested favourable adsorption for column applications. The breakthrough curves of fixed-bed columns, containing greater than 10 wt% of the waste materials (individual or composite blends) mixed with sand, indicated that phosphate breakthrough did not occur within 100 pore volumes while the cumulative removal was 522 and 490 mg kg(-1) at 10 wt% AMD sludge and 10 wt% fly ash, respectively. By contrast, lignite exhibited negligible phosphate adsorption, possibly due to small amounts of inorganic minerals suitable for phosphate complexation and limited surface area. The results suggest that both AMD sludge and fly ash were potentially effective adsorbents if employed individually at a ratio of 10 wt% or above for column application.
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30
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Ruhl AS, Jekel M. Influence of hydronium, sulfate, chloride and other non-carbonate ions on hydrogen generation by anaerobic corrosion of granular cast iron. WATER RESEARCH 2013; 47:6044-6051. [PMID: 23954066 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Permeable reactive barriers are successfully applied for the removal of various contaminants. The concomitant reduction of hydrogen ions and the subsequent formation of hydrogen gas by anaerobic corrosion lead to decreased pore volume filled with water and thus residence times, so called gas clogging. Long term column experiments were conducted to elucidate the impact of ubiquitous water constituents on the formation of hydrogen gas and potential passivation due to corrosion products. The collected gas volumes revealed a relation to the hydronium concentration (pH) but were only slightly increased in the presence of chloride and sulfate and not significantly influenced in the presence of phosphate, silicate, humic acid and ammonium compared to deionized water. Significant gas volumes within the reactive filling were verified by gravimetry. The presence of nitrate completely eliminated hydrogen formation by competition for electrons. Solid phase analyses revealed that neither chloride nor sulfate was incorporated in corrosion products in concentrations above 0.1 weight percent, and they did not alter the formation of mainly magnetite in comparison to deionized water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aki S Ruhl
- Berlin Institute of Technology, Chair of Water Quality Control, Str. des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
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31
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Peng CY, Ferguson JF, Korshin GV. Effects of chloride, sulfate and natural organic matter (NOM) on the accumulation and release of trace-level inorganic contaminants from corroding iron. WATER RESEARCH 2013; 47:5257-5269. [PMID: 23863395 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study examined effects of varying levels of anions (chloride and sulfate) and natural organic matter (NOM) on iron release from and accumulation of inorganic contaminants in corrosion scales formed on iron coupons exposed to drinking water. Changes of concentrations of sulfate and chloride were observed to affect iron release and, in lesser extent, the retention of representative inorganic contaminants (vanadium, chromium, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, cadmium, lead and uranium); but, effects of NOM were more pronounced. DOC concentration of 1 mg/L caused iron release to increase, with average soluble and total iron concentrations being four and two times, respectively, higher than those in the absence of NOM. In the presence of NOM, the retention of inorganic contaminants by corrosion scales was reduced. This was especially prominent for lead, vanadium, chromium and copper whose retention by the scales decreased from >80% in the absence of NOM to <30% in its presence. Some of the contaminants, notably copper, chromium, zinc and nickel retained on the surface of iron coupons in the presence of DOC largely retained their mobility and were released readily when ambient water chemistry changed. Vanadium, arsenic, cadmium, lead and uranium retained by the scales were largely unsusceptible to changes of NOM and chloride levels. Modeling indicated that the observed effects were associated with the formation of metal-NOM complexes and effects of NOM on the sorption of the inorganic contaminants on solid phases that are typical for iron corrosion in drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yu Peng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98105-2700, USA
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32
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Liu H, Schonberger KD, Peng CY, Ferguson JF, Desormeaux E, Meyerhofer P, Luckenbach H, Korshin GV. Effects of blending of desalinated and conventionally treated surface water on iron corrosion and its release from corroding surfaces and pre-existing scales. WATER RESEARCH 2013; 47:3817-3826. [PMID: 23651514 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This study examined effects of blending desalinated water with conventionally treated surface water on iron corrosion and release from corroding metal surfaces and pre-existing scales exposed to waters having varying fractions of desalinated water, alkalinities, pH values and orthophosphate levels. The presence of desalinated water resulted in markedly decreased 0.45 μm-filtered soluble iron concentrations. However, higher fractions of desalinated water in the blends were also associated with more fragile corroding surfaces, lower retention of iron oxidation products and release of larger iron particles in the bulk water. SEM, XRD and XANES data showed that in surface water, a dense layer of amorphous ferrihydrite phase predominated in the corrosion products. More crystalline surface phases developed in the presence of desalinated water. These solid phases transformed from goethite to lepidocrocite with increased fraction of desalinated water. These effects are likely to result from a combination of chemical parameters, notably variations of the concentrations of natural organic matter, calcium, chloride and sulfate when desalinated and conventionally treated waters are blended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhou Liu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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33
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Kim EJ, Murugesan K, Kim JH, Tratnyek PG, Chang YS. Remediation of Trichloroethylene by FeS-Coated Iron Nanoparticles in Simulated and Real Groundwater: Effects of Water Chemistry. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie400165a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ju Kim
- School of
Environmental Science
and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Kumarasamy Murugesan
- School of
Environmental Science
and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Kim
- School of
Environmental Science
and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Paul G. Tratnyek
- Department of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon 97006, United States
| | - Yoon-Seok Chang
- School of
Environmental Science
and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, Republic of Korea
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Kim DG, Hwang YH, Shin HS, Ko SO. Deactivation of nanoscale zero-valent iron by humic acid and by retention in water. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2013; 34:1625-1635. [PMID: 24191498 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2013.765916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the deactivation of nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI), induced by humic acid (HA) and by the retention of NZVI in water, on nitrate reduction were investigated using a kinetic study. Both the nitrate removal and generation of ammonia were significantly inhibited as the HA adsorption amount and retention time were increased. However, HA removal was greatly enhanced when the NZVI was used after 1 d or 25 d of retention in water. The results are caused by the formation of iron oxides/hydroxides, which increased the specific surface area and the degree of NZVI aggregation which was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). However, the nitrate reduction was greater at the beginning of reaction in the presence of HA when fresh NZVI was used, because of the enhanced electron transfer by the HA in bulk phase and on NZVI surface as train sequences. The pseudo second order adsorption kinetic equation incorporating deactivation and a Langmuir-Hinshelwood (LH) type kinetic equation provided accurate descriptions of the nitrate removal and ammonia generation, respectively. The deactivation constant and the reaction rate constant of the LH type kinetic equation were strongly correlated with the HA amount accumulated on NZVI. These results suggest that the HA accumulation on the NZVI surface reactive sites plays the dominant role in the inhibition and the inhibition can be described successfully using the deactivation model. The HA accumulation on NZVI was verified using TEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Gun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Yun DM, Cho HH, Jang JW, Park JW. Nano zero-valent iron impregnated on titanium dioxide nanotube array film for both oxidation and reduction of methyl orange. WATER RESEARCH 2013; 47:1858-1866. [PMID: 23375600 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Here, we demonstrated that nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) impregnated onto self-organized TiO(2) nanotube thin films exhibits both oxidation and reduction capacities in addition to the possible electron transfer from TiO(2) to nZVI. The TiO(2) nanotubes were synthesized by anodization of titanium foil in a two-electrode system. Amorphous TiO(2) (amTiO(2)) nanotubes were annealed at 450 °C for 1 h to produce crystalline TiO(2) (crTiO(2)) nanotubes. The nZVI particles were immobilized on the TiO(2) array film by direct borohydride reduction. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) analysis of the crystalline TiO(2) nanotube with nZVI (nZVI/crTiO(2)) indicated that the nZVI particles with a mean particle diameter of 28.38 ± 11.81 nm were uniformly distributed onto entire crTiO(2) nanotube surface with a mean pore diameter of 75.24 ± 17.66 nm and a mean length of 40.07 μm. Environmental applicability of our proposed nZVI/TiO(2) nanotube thin films was tested for methyl orange (MO) degradation in the aqueous system with and without oxygen. Since oxygen could facilitate the nZVI oxidation and inhibit electron transfer from crTiO(2) to nZVI surface, MO degradation by nZVI/crTiO(2) in the presence of oxygen was significantly suppressed whereas nZVI/crTiO(2) in the absence of oxygen enhanced MO degradation. MO degradation rate by each sample without oxygen were in following order: nZVI/crTiO(2) (k(obs) = 0.311 min(-1)) > nZVI/amTiO(2) (k(obs) = 0.164 min(-1)) > crTiO(2) (k(obs) = 0.068 min(-1)). This result can be explained with a synergistic effect of the significant reduction by highly-dispersed nZVI particles on TiO(2) nanotubes as well as the electron transfer from the conduction band of crTiO(2) to the nZVI on the crTiO(2) for the degradation of MO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Min Yun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 17 Haengdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, South Korea
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Zhang ZY, Lu M, Zhang ZZ, Xiao M, Zhang M. Dechlorination of short chain chlorinated paraffins by nanoscale zero-valent iron. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2012; 243:105-111. [PMID: 23107289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2012] [Revised: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) particles were synthesized and used for the reductive dehalogenation of short chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) in the laboratory. The results show that the dechlorination rate of chlorinated n-decane (CP(10)) by NZVI increased with decreased solution pH. Increasing the loading of NZVI enhanced the dechlorination rate of CP(10). With an increase in temperature, the degradation rate increased. The reduction of CP(10) by NZVI was accelerated with increasing the concentration of humic acid up to 15 mg/L but then was inhibited. The dechlorination of CP(10) within the initial 18 h followed pseudo-first order rate model. The formation of intermediate products indicates a stepwise dechlorination pathway of SCCPs by NZVI. The carbon chain length and chlorination degree of SCCPs have a polynominal impact on dechlorination reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
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Singh R, Misra V, Singh RP. Removal of hexavalent chromium from contaminated ground water using zero-valent iron nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2012; 184:3643-3651. [PMID: 21769560 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-011-2213-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Batch experiments were conducted on ground water samples collected from a site contaminated with Cr(VI) to evaluate the redox potential of zero-valent iron (Fe(0)) nanoparticles for remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated ground water. For this, various samples of contaminated ground water were allowed to react with various loadings of Fe(0) nanoparticles for a reaction period of 60 min. Data showed 100% reduction of Cr(VI) in all the contaminated ground water samples after treatment with 0.20 gL(-1) of Fe(0) nanoparticles. An increase in the reduction of Cr(VI) from 45% to 100% was noticed with the increase in the loading of Fe(0) nanoparticles from 0.05 to 0.20 gL(-1). Reaction kinetics of Cr(VI) reduction showed pseudo first-order kinetics with rate constant in the range of 1.1 × 10(-3) to 3.9 × 10(-3) min(-1). This work demonstrates the potential utility of Fe(0) nanoparticles in treatment and remediation of Cr(VI)-contaminated water source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Singh
- Ecotoxicology Division, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Post Box 80, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001 UP, India.
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Wei MC, Wang KS, Hsiao TE, Lin IC, Wu HJ, Wu YL, Liu PH, Chang SH. Effects of UV irradiation on humic acid removal by ozonation, Fenton and Fe⁰/air treatment: THMFP and biotoxicity evaluation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 195:324-331. [PMID: 21903325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Revised: 08/07/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Effects of UV irradiation on humic acid (HA) removal by Fe(0)/air, ozonation and Fenton oxidation were investigated. The trihalomethane forming potential (THMFP) and toxicity of treated solutions were also evaluated. The experimental conditions were ozone of 21 mg min(-1), H(2)O(2) of 8 × 10(-4)M, Fe(0) of 20 g L(-1), air flow of 5 L min(-1), and UVC of 9 W. Results indicated that Fe(0)/air rapidly removed HA color (>99%) and COD (90%) within 9 min. 51-81% of color and 43-50% of COD were removed by ozonation and Fenton oxidation after 60 min. Both UV enhanced ozone and Fenton oxidation removed HA, but the Fe(0)/air process did not. Spectrum results showed all processes effectively diminished UV-vis spectra, except for ozonation. The THMFP of Fe(0)/air-treated solution (114 μg L(-1)) was much lower than those of Fenton- (226 μg L(-1)) and ozonation-treated solutions (499 μg L(-1)). Fe(0)/air with UV irradiation obviously increased the THMFP of treated solution (502 μg L(-1)). The toxicity results obtained from Vibrio fischeri light inhibition test indicated that the toxicity of Fe(0)/air-treated solution (5%) was much lower than that of ozonation- (33%) and Fenton-treated solutions (31%). Chlorination increased the solution toxicity. The correlation between biotoxicity and chloroform in the chlorinated solution was insignificant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chi Wei
- Department of Food Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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Hou MF, Liao L, Zhang WD, Tang XY, Wan HF, Yin GC. Degradation of rhodamine B by Fe(0)-based Fenton process with H2O2. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 83:1279-1283. [PMID: 21459408 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2010] [Revised: 03/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Degradation of rhodamine B by Fe(0)-based Fenton process with H(2)O(2) was investigated. The effects of H(2)O(2) dose, Fe(0) dose, initial concentration of rhodamine B and initial pH value on the degradation of rhodamine B were examined. The results showed that the degradation and mineralization of rhodamine B occurred with low dose of H(2)O(2) and Fe(0). The intermediates of rhodamine B were analyzed with UV-Vis spectrophotometry and ion chromatography and the mechanism of oxidative degradation of rhodamine B was also discussed. The reactive oxygen species (·OH) produced in Fe(0)-based Fenton process with H(2)O(2) is the key to the degradation of rhodamine B by ways of N-de-ethylation, chromophore cleavage, ring-opening and mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Fang Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
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Klimkova S, Cernik M, Lacinova L, Filip J, Jancik D, Zboril R. Zero-valent iron nanoparticles in treatment of acid mine water from in situ uranium leaching. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 82:1178-1184. [PMID: 21193219 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.11.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Revised: 11/25/2010] [Accepted: 11/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Acid mine water from in situ chemical leaching of uranium (Straz pod Ralskem, Czech Republic) was treated in laboratory scale experiments by zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI). For the first time, nZVI were applied for the treatment of the real acid water system containing the miscellaneous mixture of pollutants, where the various removal mechanisms occur simultaneously. Toxicity of the treated saline acid water is caused by major contaminants represented by aluminum and sulphates in a high concentration, as well as by microcontaminants like As, Be, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, U, V, and Zn. Laboratory batch experiments proved a significant decrease in concentrations of all the monitored pollutants due to an increase in pH and a decrease in oxidation-reduction potential related to an application of nZVI. The assumed mechanisms of contaminants removal include precipitation of cations in a lower oxidation state, precipitation caused by a simple pH increase and co-precipitation with the formed iron oxyhydroxides. The possibility to control the reaction kinetics through the nature of the surface stabilizing shell (polymer vs. FeO nanolayer) is discussed as an important practical aspect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stepanka Klimkova
- Department of New Technologies and Applied Informatics, University of Liberec, Studentska 2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic
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Tratnyek PG, Salter-Blanc AJ, Nurmi JT, Amonette JE, Liu J, Wang C, Dohnalkova A, Baer DR. Reactivity of Zerovalent Metals in Aquatic Media: Effects of Organic Surface Coatings. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2011-1071.ch018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul G. Tratnyek
- Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health & Science University, 20000 NW Walker Road, Beaverton, OR 97006
- Fundamental and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
| | - Alexandra J. Salter-Blanc
- Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health & Science University, 20000 NW Walker Road, Beaverton, OR 97006
- Fundamental and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
| | - James T. Nurmi
- Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health & Science University, 20000 NW Walker Road, Beaverton, OR 97006
- Fundamental and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
| | - James E. Amonette
- Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health & Science University, 20000 NW Walker Road, Beaverton, OR 97006
- Fundamental and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
| | - Juan Liu
- Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health & Science University, 20000 NW Walker Road, Beaverton, OR 97006
- Fundamental and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
| | - Chongmin Wang
- Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health & Science University, 20000 NW Walker Road, Beaverton, OR 97006
- Fundamental and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
| | - Alice Dohnalkova
- Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health & Science University, 20000 NW Walker Road, Beaverton, OR 97006
- Fundamental and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
| | - Donald R. Baer
- Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health & Science University, 20000 NW Walker Road, Beaverton, OR 97006
- Fundamental and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352
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Yang J, Cao L, Guo R, Jia J. Permeable reactive barrier of surface hydrophobic granular activated carbon coupled with elemental iron for the removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol in water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 184:782-787. [PMID: 20864257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.08.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2010] [Revised: 08/26/2010] [Accepted: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Granular activated carbon was modified with dimethyl dichlorosilane to improve its surface hydrophobicity, and therefore to improve the performance of permeable reactive barrier constructed with the modified granular activated carbon and elemental iron. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows that the surface silicon concentration of the modified granular activated carbon is higher than that of the original one, leading to the increased surface hydrophobicity. Although the specific surface area decreased from 895 to 835 m(2)g(-1), the modified granular activated carbon could adsorb 20% more 2,4-dichlorophenol than the original one did in water. It is also proven that the permeable reactive barrier with the modified granular activated carbon is more efficient at 2,4-dichlorophenol dechlorination, in which process 2,4-dichlorophenol is transformed to 2-chlorophenol or 4-chlorophenol then to phenol, or to phenol directly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
| | - Limei Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Rui Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Jinping Jia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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