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Tullio SCMC, McCoy K, Chalcraft DR. Chronic toxicity and liver histopathology of mosquito fish (Gambusia holbrooki) exposed to natural and modified nanoclays. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168060. [PMID: 37918747 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoclays are found in the air, water, and soil, and modified nanoclays are being developed and used in several consumer products. For example, modified nanoclays are used to remove pollutants from wastewater. Ironically, however, nanoclays are now considered emerging contaminants. Indeed, release of modified nanoclays in aquatic systems, even as remediating agents, could adversely affect associated wildlife. However, aquatic organisms have interacted with natural nanoclays for millennia, and it is unclear if modified nanoclays induce stronger effects than the nanoclays that occur naturally. The concentrations over which nanoclays occur and illicit negative effects are not well studied. This study investigated the dose response of a natural nanoclay (Na+montmorillonite) relative to two modified nanoclays (Cloisite®30B and Novaclay™) on survival, body condition, and liver pathomorphology of Gambusia holbrooki after 14 days of exposure. Although none of the nanoclays affected survival and body condition of G. holbrooki over 14 days, each nanoclay induced histopathological changes in liver tissues at very low concentrations (LOAEL: 0.01 mgL-1). The effects of nanoclays on hepatic cell circulatory (blood cell aggregation with increased number of Kupffer cells and hemosiderin deposits), regressive (hepatocyte vacuolization), and degenerative (cell death) changes of mosquito fish varied among nanoclay types. Novaclay™ at low concentrations caused circulatory changes on hepatic tissues of G. holbrooki, whereas both natural nanoclays and Cloisite®30B showed little effect on circulatory endpoints. In contrast, all of the nanoclays induced regressive and degenerative changes on liver tissues of mosquito fish across all concentrations tested. This study clearly reveals that natural and modified nanoclays have important health implications for fish and other aquatic organisms. Consequently, the widespread use of modified nanoclays in several applications and increased release of natural nanoclays through erosion or other processes needs to be evaluated in more detail especially in the context of their safety for aquatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C M C Tullio
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, 1000 E 5th Street, N108 Howell Science Building, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
| | - K McCoy
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Florida Atlantic University, 5600 US1 North, Fort Pierce, FL 34946, USA
| | - D R Chalcraft
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, 1000 E 5th Street, N108 Howell Science Building, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
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2
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Wang C, Tang M, Chen Y, Liu D, Xie S, Zou J, Tang H, Li Q, Zhou A. Expression of genes related to antioxidation, immunity, and heat stress in Gambusia affinis exposed to the heavy metals Cu and Zn. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 247:114269. [PMID: 36343450 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Water pollution is an increasingly serious problem. Here, Cu and Zn ions were used as stress factors, and G. affinis served as a test organism. Fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect changes in the expression of antioxidant genes (SOD, GST, CAT), heat stress genes (Hsp70, Hsp90, Hspd1, Hsc70), and immune system-related genes (IL-1β, IL-8) in G. affinis exposed to Cu and Zn ions over time. To explore the toxic effects of Cu and Zn on G. affinis. The results showed that the 48 h LC50 concentrations of the heavy metals Cu and Zn to G. affinis were 0.17 mg/L and 44.67 mg/L, respectively. Within 48 h, with prolonged Cu exposure, the relative expression levels of the Hsp70, Hsp90, Hspd1, Hsc70, SOD, GST, and CAT genes in the gill tissue first showed a significant increase and then gradually decreased. Gene expression peaked between 9 and 36 h. The relative expression levels of SOD and GST genes in liver tissue showed a gradual decline. Within 48 h, with prolonged Zn exposure, the expression levels of SOD, CAT, and GST genes in G. affinis first increased and then fell before finally rising. The expression levels of IL-1β and IL-8 mRNA showed varying degrees of upward trends, and the expression of IL-8 was the highest for all gill tissue. To sum up, Cu and Zn have strong toxic effects on G. affinis, which makes it possible to use G. affinis as indicator organisms for aquatic environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Wang
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Manfei Tang
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Yuliang Chen
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Dingrui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Shaolin Xie
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jixing Zou
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Huijuan Tang
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Qibiao Li
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Agricultural Science Research Institute of Lianshan Zhuang and Yao Autonomous County, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511540, China.
| | - Aiguo Zhou
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Xu X, Pan B, Shu F, Chen X, Xu N, Ni J. Bioaccumulation of 35 metal(loid)s in organs of a freshwater mussel (Hyriopsis cumingii) and environmental implications in Poyang Lake, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136150. [PMID: 36028131 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Benthic bioaccumulation of hazardous materials has been a great challenge to the health of lake ecosystems. As representative benthic macroinvertebrates, freshwater mussels and their accumulation characteristics have been regarded as effective indicators for assessing potential risks induced by sedimentary metal(loid)s in lakes. Here we profile organ-specific accumulation of 35 metal(loid)s in a freshwater mussel (Hyriopsis cumingii) and their correlations to metal speciation in sediments of Poyang Lake, the largest lake of China. Significant organ-specific characteristics of metal accumulation were found in gills, though higher thallium (Tl) and selenium (Se) were found in the hepatopancreas, and greater arsenic (As) mostly accumulated in gonads. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the bioaccumulation of silver (Ag), cobalt (Co), and rare earth elements (ΣREE) in gills and As in gonads were closely associated with those in bioavailable fraction of sediments. Based on the biochemical analysis in the major organs, gills exhibited the highest enzymatic activity compared with hepatopancreas and gonads. Sedimentary metals, particularly for available Ag, Co, and ΣREE, play key roles in causing lipid peroxidation in gills and significantly promote the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD)/glutathione reductase (GR), while many metals (e.g., cadmium, manganese, Se) inhibit the glutathione (GSH) content in gonads and hepatopancreas. Our study indicates a high physiological sensitivity of mussels to these target metals, which highlights the significance of organ-specific accumulation of metal(loid)s in understanding the potential ecological risks of sedimentary metal(loid)s in lake ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuming Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Baozhu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Fengyue Shu
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Xiufen Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Nan Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jinren Ni
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Beijing, 100871, China; State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China.
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Yu L, Lin Z, Cheng X, Chu J, Li X, Chen C, Zhu T, Li W, Lin W, Tang W. Thorium inhibits human respiratory chain complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127546. [PMID: 34879532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Thorium is a radioactive heavy metal and an emerging environmental pollutant. Ecological and human health risks from thorium exposure are growing with the excavation of rare earth metals and implementation of thorium-based nuclear reactors. Thorium poisoning is associated with carcinogenesis, liver impairments, and congenital anomalies. To date, the biomolecular targets that underlie thorium-induced toxicity remain unknown. Here, we used in vitro enzymatic activity assays to comprehensively evaluate the effects of thorium on the mitochondrial respiration process. Thorium was found to inhibit respiratory chain complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase) at sub-micromolar concentrations (IC50 ~ 0.4 μM, 90 μg/L). This is lower than the thorium level limit (246 μg/L) in drinking water specified by the World Health Organization. The inhibitory effects were further verified in mitochondria from human bone and liver cells (thorium mainly deposits in these organs). The inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase can readily rationalize well-documented cellular toxicities of thorium, such as alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential and production of reactive oxygen species. Therefore, cytochrome c oxidase is potentially a key molecular target underlying thorium-induced toxicological effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libing Yu
- Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621907, China.
| | - Zhaozhu Lin
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuedan Cheng
- Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621907, China; School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Jian Chu
- Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621907, China
| | - Xijian Li
- Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621907, China
| | - Chun Chen
- Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621907, China
| | - Tinghua Zhu
- Guizhou Shengyada Biotech Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621907, China; School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wei Tang
- Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621907, China.
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5
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Yadav R, Das SK, Ali M, Pandey BN, Kumar A. Role of calcium ion channels and cytoskeletal proteins in Thorium-232 induced toxicity in normal human liver cells (WRL 68) and its validation in swiss mice. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132557. [PMID: 34653484 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic disorders reported in humans exposed to Thorium-232 (Th-232) rationalizes the present study investigating the toxicological response of normal human liver cells (WRL 68) and its validation in Swiss mice. Cell count analysis of WRL 68 cells-treated with Th-nitrate (1-200 μM) estimated IC50 of ∼24 μM (at 24 h) and 35 μM (at 48 h). Analysis of cell viability (trypan blue assay) showed the IC50 of ∼172 μM. Phase contrast bright-field microscopy revealed Th-induced morphological changes and cell-released microvesicle-like structures in extracellular space. Th-estimation by ICP-MS (Inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometry) showed uptake of Th by cells as a function of concentration and incubation time. Employing DTPA as a chelating agent in cell harvesting solution, cell-internalized/strongly-bound Th was estimated to be ∼42% of total incubated Th. Th-uptake studies in the presence of ion-channel specific inhibitors (e.g. nifedipine, thapsigargin) revealed the role of plasma membrane calcium channels and cytoplasmic calcium in modulating the Th-uptake. Transmission electron microscopy of Th-treated cells showed cell-derived extracellular vesicles, alterations in the shape and size of nucleus and mitochondria as well as cytoplasmic inclusions. The order of Th accumulation in various sub-cellular protein fractions was found to be as cytoskeleton (43%) > cytoplasmic (15%) > chromatin (7%) > nuclear (5%) & membrane (5%). Immunofluorescence analysis of WRL 68 cells showed that Th significantly altered the expression of cytoskeleton proteins (F-actin and keratin), which was further validated in liver tissues of Swiss mice administered with Th-232. Findings herein highlight the role of calcium channels and cytoskeleton in Th-induced toxicity. Keywords: Thorium toxicity; Liver cells; Calcium channels; Sub-cellular targets, Cytoskeleton; Swiss Mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhee Yadav
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - Sourav Kumar Das
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - Manjoor Ali
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - Badri N Pandey
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
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6
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Wang B, Pang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Ye R, Yan L, Li Z, Ren A. Thorium and fetal neural tube defects: an epidemiological evidence from large case-control study. Genes Environ 2021; 43:51. [PMID: 34823609 PMCID: PMC8614024 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-021-00227-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thorium is ubiquitous in the environment and its relationship with birth defects is still under discussion. This study aimed to investigate the associations of maternal exposure to thorium with risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) by using a case–control study, as well as the relationship between thorium exposure and the indoor air pollution from coal combustion. Methods This study was conducted in 11 local healthcare hospitals during 2003–2007 in Shanxi and Hebei provinces, China. A total of 774 mothers were included as participants who delivering 263 fetuses with NTDs including 123 with anencephaly, 115 with spina bifida, 18 with encephalocele, and 7 other NTD subtypes (cases), and 511 health fetuses without NTDs (controls). Their hair samples were collected as close as to the occipital posterior scalp, of which those grew from 3 months before to 3 months after conception was cut to measure the thorium concentration by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Results We found a higher hair thorium concentration in the total NTD cases with 0.901 (0.588–1.382) ng/g hair [median (inter-quartile range)] than that in the controls with a value of 0.621 (0.334–1.058) ng/g hair. Similar results were found for the three concerned NTD subtypes. Maternal hair thorium concentration above its median of the controls was associated with an increased risk of the total NTDs with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.80 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.23–2.63)] by adjusting for all confounders. There was obvious dose-response relationship between maternal hair thorium concentration and the risk of total NTDs, as well as their two subtypes (i.e. anencephaly and spina bifida). Maternal hair thorium concentration was positive associated with their exposure level to indoor air pollution from coal combustion during cooking. Conclusions Overall, our findings revealed that maternal periconceptional thorium exposure was associated with the risk of NTDs in North China. Reducing the coal usage in the household cooking activities may decrease maternal thorium exposure level. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41021-021-00227-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University/ Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Pang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University/ Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University/ Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Le Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University/ Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Rongwei Ye
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University/ Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Lailai Yan
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University/ Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China. .,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China.
| | - Aiguo Ren
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University/ Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
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Yu J, Xiao Y, Wang Y, Xu S, Zhou L, Li J, Li X. Chronic nitrate exposure cause alteration of blood physiological parameters, redox status and apoptosis of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 283:117103. [PMID: 33894628 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3-) is one of the common inorganic nitrogen compound pollutants in natural ecosystems, which may have serious risks for aquatic organisms. However, its toxicological mechanism remains unclear. In the current study, juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) were exposed to different concentrations of NO3- (CK- 3.57 ± 0.16, LN - 60.80 ± 1.21, MN - 203.13 ± 10.97 and HN - 414.16 ± 15.22 mg/L NO3-N) for 60 d. The blood biochemical assays results revealed that elevated NO3- exposure significantly increased the concentrations of plasma NO3-, NO2-, MetHb, K+, cortisol, glucose, triglyceride, lactate, while significantly decreased the concentrations of plasma Hb, Na+ and Cl-, which meant that NO3- caused hypoxic stress and further affected the osmoregulation and metabolism in fish. Besides, exposure to MN and HN induced a significant decrease in the level of antioxidants, including SOD (Point: 60th day, MN, HN v.s. CK: 258.36, 203.73 v.s. 326.95 U/mL), CAT (1.97, 1.17 v.s. 2.37 U/mL), GSH (25.38, 20.74 v.s. 37.00 μmol/L), and GPx (85.32, 71.46 v.s. 129.36 U/mL), and a significant increase of MDA (7.54, 9.73 v.s. 5.27 nmol/L), suggesting that NO3- exposure leading to a disruption of the redox status in fish. Also, further research revealed that NO3- exposure altered the mRNA levels of p53 (HN: up to 4.28 folds) and p53-regulated downstream genes such as Bcl-2 (inferior to 0.44 folds), caspase-3 (up to 2.90 folds) and caspase-7 (up to 3.49 folds), indicating that NO3- exposure induced abnormal apoptosis in the fish gills. Moreover, IBRv2 analysis showed that the toxicity of NO3- exposure to turbot was dose-dependent, and the toxicity peaked on the 15th day. In short, NO3- is an environmental toxicological factor that cannot be ignored, because its toxic effects are long-term and could cause irreversible damage to fish. These results would be beneficial to improve our understanding of the toxicity mechanism of NO3- to fish, which provides baseline evidence for the risk assessment of environmental NO3- in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongshuang Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Shihong Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Li Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China.
| | - Xian Li
- College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
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8
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Doose C, Fadhlaoui M, Morin S, Fortin C. Thorium Exposure Drives Fatty Acid and Metal Transfer from Biofilms to the Grazer Lymnaea sp. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2021; 40:2220-2228. [PMID: 33835522 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic ecotoxicological risks associated with tetravalent metallic elements such as thorium (Th) are still poorly understood. Periphytic biofilm represents an important food source in aquatic environments; thus, such risks could severely affect nutrient and energy cycling in these ecosystems. The present study investigated the potential for Th to change the fatty acid composition of biofilm communities. Bioaccumulation of Th and fatty acids were measured after 4 wk to 2 exposure conditions: a control (C0) and Th exposure (C10). Some major fatty acids such as C16:1n-7 and docosahexaenoic acid C22:6n-3 differed significantly between control and C10 conditions. To determine if Th can be trophically transferred and to investigate the impacts of nutritional quality changes on primary consumers, common pond snails (Lymnaea sp.) were fed for 4 wk with control and Th-exposed biofilm. Thorium appeared to be trophically transferable to the grazers, although we cannot exclude that part of the Th accumulated by the snails may have been taken from the water through release from the biofilms. The composition of major fatty acids observed in the grazers was also significantly affected, notably by a decrease of total polyunsaturated fatty acids. These results indicate that very low Th concentrations can decrease the nutritional quality of organisms at the base of the food chain. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:2220-2228. © 2021 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Doose
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mariem Fadhlaoui
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Claude Fortin
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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Doose C, Morin S, Malbezin L, Vedrenne J, Fortin C. Effects of thorium on bacterial, microalgal and micromeiofaunal community structures in a periphytic biofilm. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 218:112276. [PMID: 33962273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Few ecotoxicity studies are available on thorium (Th) which hinders the ability to evaluate its ecotoxicological risk. Its release in the environment is often associated with the extraction of rare earth elements and uranium, as well as the field applications of phosphate fertilizers. This study investigates the effects of Th on microbial communities of periphytic biofilms. Ceramic plates were left to colonize for one month in the laboratory with a biofilm sampled from Cap Rouge river (QC, Canada). Plates were randomly placed in channels containing culture media representing three different conditions: a control condition (C0; background Th concentrations of 0.004 ± 0.002 nM), a low Th concentration condition (C1; 0.18 ± 0.09 nM Th) and a moderately high Th condition (C10; 8.7 ± 3.4 nM) for up to 4 weeks. The presence of Th modified the diatom community by changing its taxonomic structure, reducing diversity and increasing cell density. The taxonomic structure of the bacterial community, followed by 16S metabarcoding analysis, was affected with a significant decrease in Pseudanabaena and Shingopyxis genera in the two Th exposed conditions. No direct toxic effect of Th was observed on counted micromeiofauna but the changes in diatom and bacterial communities could explain the higher number of individual diatoms and micromeiofauna observed in Th-exposed conditions. This work shows that low concentrations of Th can modify biofilm structure, which, in turn, could disturb its ecologically key functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Doose
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, 490 rue de la Couronne, G1K 9A9 Quebec City, QC, Canada.
| | - Soizic Morin
- INRAE, EABX, 50 avenue de Verdun, 33612 Cestas Cedex, France.
| | - Laura Malbezin
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, 490 rue de la Couronne, G1K 9A9 Quebec City, QC, Canada.
| | - Jacky Vedrenne
- INRAE, EABX, 50 avenue de Verdun, 33612 Cestas Cedex, France.
| | - Claude Fortin
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, 490 rue de la Couronne, G1K 9A9 Quebec City, QC, Canada.
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10
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Chen S, Jiang S, Guo H, Yang F. "Turn-on" fluorescent sensor for Th 4+ in aqueous media based on a combination of PET-AIE effect. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 248:119191. [PMID: 33239250 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Previously reported fluorescent sensors for Th4+ experienced emission quenching or generated false positive signal upon aggregate formation in aqueous media. Herein, a simple and novel thorium sensor (CDB-BA) based on cyanodistyrene structure was designed and synthesized, which integrated the highly emitting characteristic of AIE effect and off-on response of PET modulation for the first time to construct the "turn-on" fluorescent probe for Th4+. Besides excellent selectivity, CDB-BA exhibited remarkable fluorescent enhancement which was linearly related to the concentration of Th4+ in the range of 0.25-8 μM. The detection limit was attained 0.074 μM, which was lower than that of most previously reported sensors. The mechanism of tris-chelate complex of CDB-BA with Th4+ was confirmed by mass spectra, IR spectra and DFT calculation. The excellent Th4+ sensing ability of CDB-BA was successfully applied to detecting Th4+ on TLC plates, in real water samples and living-cell imaging. This work suggested that the combination of AIE and PET photophysical mechanism could offer the merits of minimized background and enhanced signal fidelity to develop novel "turn-on" fluorescent probe in complicated aqueous environment and biological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibing Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China
| | - Shengjie Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China
| | - Hongyu Guo
- College of Chemistry and Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fuzhou 350007, PR China
| | - Fafu Yang
- College of Chemistry and Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fuzhou 350007, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou 350007, PR China.
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11
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Hajam ME, Plavan GI, Kandri NI, Dumitru G, Nicoara MN, Zerouale A, Faggio C. Evaluation of softwood and hardwood sawmill wastes impact on the common carp "Cyprinus carpio" and its aquatic environment: An oxidative stress study. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 75:103327. [PMID: 31924571 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The aquatic pollution due to sawmill wood wastes constitutes a major threat to hydro-chemical and fauna characteristics of the aquatic ecosystems. When this kind of organics wastes enter aquatic environment it can be taken up by aquatic organisms through respiration and/or through their diet. This could concurrently result in oxidative stress and later having adverse effect on physiological and biochemical function. The importance of fish in the society cannot be over emphasized, hence there is the need to know the influence of sawmill wood wastes on the water quality and fish. Therefore, this work aims to study the impact of five species of wood wastes on a type of fish named common carp (Cyprinus carpio) known as the most widely cultured fish species in the world and on its aquatic environment. The monitoring of water parameters showed deterioration in water quality. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) were investigated to evaluate the degree of oxidative stress. According to t-student, there was a significant difference compared to control (P < 0.05) in the level of SOD, CAT, GPx and MDA activities in fish exposed to 5 g·l-1 of each sawdust except for GPx, a non-significant difference (p > 0.05) was noted in the case of Beech and Dibetou. When the dispersed amount was about 0.375 g·l-1 we noted a significant difference in the level of SOD and GPx, except for GPx a non-significant difference was detected in the case of Cedar. The level of CAT was significantly difference just in the case of Cedar and Dibetou and that of MDA was significantly difference just in the case of Beech and Mahogany. We conclude therefore that sawmill wood waste not only impact the water quality adversely but also alters the levels of different enzymes activities in Cyprinus Carpio fish by the inhibition of SOD, CAT and GPx activities and by the production of MDA, which reflects response to oxidative stress. This study provides a rational use of these enzymes as suitable biomarkers with different degrees of specificity and as important tool for environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam El Hajam
- Chemistry Laboratory of Condensed Matter, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Road Imouzzer, BP2202, Atlas, FEZ, Morocco; Signal System and Component Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Road Imouzzer, BP 2202, Atlas, FEZ, Morocco
| | - Gabriel-Ionuţ Plavan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University, Bvd. Carol I, No. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Noureddine Idrissi Kandri
- Signal System and Component Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Road Imouzzer, BP 2202, Atlas, FEZ, Morocco
| | - Gabriela Dumitru
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University, Bvd. Carol I, No. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mircea Nicuşor Nicoara
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University, Bvd. Carol I, No. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Abdelaziz Zerouale
- Chemistry Laboratory of Condensed Matter, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Road Imouzzer, BP2202, Atlas, FEZ, Morocco
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina, Italy.
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12
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Li H, Tang S, Du W, Jiang J, Peng P, Yuan P, Liao Y, Long J, Zhou S. The effects of ethoxyquin and Angelica sinensis extracts on lipid oxidation in fish feeds and growth, digestive and absorptive capacities and antioxidant status in juvenile red carp (Cyprinus carpio var. xingguonensis): a comparative study. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2019; 45:43-61. [PMID: 29980882 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-018-0533-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Firstly, a linoleic and linolenic acid emulsion and fish feeds were incubated with graded levels of ethoxyquin (EQ) and petroleum ether extract, ethyl acetate extract (EAE), ethanol extract and aqueous extract of Angelica sinensis. The results showed that EQ and extracts of Angelica sinensis (EAs) inhibited lipid oxidation in material above. Of all of the examined EAs, EAE showed the strongest protective effects against the lipid oxidation. Moreover, EAE at high concentrations showed a stronger inhibitory effect on lipid oxidation than that of EQ. Next, 7 experimental diets that respectively supplemented 0.0, 0.2, 0.8 and 3.2 g kg-1 of EQ and EAE were fed to 280 juvenile red carp (Cyprinus carpio var. xingguonensis) with seven treatment groups for 30 days. The results indicated that dietary EAE improved growth performance in carp. Moreover, dietary EAE increased the activities of trypsin, lipase, alpha-amylase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and decreased plasma ammonia content in carp. Meanwhile, dietary EAE reduced the levels of malondialdehyde and raised the activities of anti-superoxide anion, anti-hydroxyl radical, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase and the content of reduced glutathione in the hepatopancreas and intestine of carp. However, with the exception of GPT, dietary EQ got the opposite results to dietary EAE in carp. These results revealed that dietary EAE improved the digestive, absorptive and antioxidant capacities in fish. However, dietary EQ inhibited the digestive, absorptive and antioxidant capacities in fish. So, EAE could be used as a natural antioxidant for replacing EQ in fish feeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- HuaTao Li
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Conservation and Utilization of Fishes Resources in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, China.
- College of Life Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, China.
| | - SiYi Tang
- College of Life Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, China
| | - WenHao Du
- College of Life Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - PeiYuan Peng
- College of Life Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Yuan
- College of Life Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, China
| | - YiHong Liao
- College of Life Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiao Long
- College of Life Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, China
| | - SiShun Zhou
- College of Life Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, China
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13
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Rezk MM. A Neuro-Comparative Study between Single/Successive Thorium Dose Intoxication and Alginate Treatment. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 185:414-423. [PMID: 29594947 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1262-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The adult male albino rats were grouped into five groups (control group and four variably treated groups with thorium (Th) in single or successive with or without alginate treatment). The IP administration of thorium nitrate (13.6 mg/kg b.wt.) induced a regional distribution and accumulation ordered as cerebellum > cerebral cortex > brain stem > hippocampus > hypothalamus > striatum. Also, it induces a significant increase in Na+, Ca2+, and Fe3+ ion content and malondialdehyde (MDA) level while K+ ions and glutathione (GSH) level were significantly decreased. On the other hand, the daily oral administration of 5% alginate showed a significant decreasing in the accumulation of thorium in the different brain areas and mitigated its hazardous effects. By the alginate treatment, Na+, Ca2+, Fe3+, and level of MDA were declined while K+ ions and GSH level showed a significant increase. The improvement of the investigated parameters was attributed to the specific chelating, regeneration, and antioxidant properties of the alginate. So, alginate administration could ameliorate the hazardous effects of thorium nitrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Rezk
- Isotopes Department, Nuclear Materials Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
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14
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Persch TSP, da Silva PR, Dos Santos SHD, de Freitas BS, Oliveira GT. Changes in intermediate metabolism and oxidative balance parameters in sexually matured three-barbeled catfishes exposed to herbicides from rice crops (Roundup ®, Primoleo ® and Facet ®). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 58:170-179. [PMID: 29408759 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study analyzed the effect of different concentrations of herbicides (Facet®, Primoleo®, and Roundup®) on metabolism and oxidative balance (superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, lipid peroxidation) in the gills, liver, kidneys, and tail muscle of adult catfish. All herbicides caused protein depletion in gills, increased glycogen and triacylglycerol consumption in the liver, and changes in muscle glycogen. Roundup® and Primoleo® stimulated lipid deposition in the liver, while Roundup® and Facet® stimulated lipid consumption in gills. In kidneys, protein content increased after Roundup® and Primoleo® exposure, glycogen increased after Facet®, and lipids increased after Roundup®. Primoleo® had the strongest effect on muscle, with changes in all metabolites. Regarding oxidative stress, the liver and kidneys were the organs most affected by exposure to herbicides, and catalase was the main enzyme involved in the detoxification of these herbicides. A hierarchy of toxicity was established for the tested chemicals: Facet® > Primoleo® > Roundup®.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanilene Sotero Pinto Persch
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, School of Sciences, Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Avenida Ipiranga, 6681 Pd. 12, Bloco C, Sala 250, CP. 1429, Porto Alegre, RS 90619-900, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia Rodrigues da Silva
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, School of Sciences, Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Avenida Ipiranga, 6681 Pd. 12, Bloco C, Sala 250, CP. 1429, Porto Alegre, RS 90619-900, Brazil.
| | - Sarah Helen Dias Dos Santos
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, School of Sciences, Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Avenida Ipiranga, 6681 Pd. 12, Bloco C, Sala 250, CP. 1429, Porto Alegre, RS 90619-900, Brazil.
| | - Betânia Souza de Freitas
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, School of Sciences, Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Avenida Ipiranga, 6681 Pd. 12, Bloco C, Sala 250, CP. 1429, Porto Alegre, RS 90619-900, Brazil.
| | - Guendalina Turcato Oliveira
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, School of Sciences, Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Avenida Ipiranga, 6681 Pd. 12, Bloco C, Sala 250, CP. 1429, Porto Alegre, RS 90619-900, Brazil.
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15
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Clasen B, Becker AG, Lópes T, Murussi CR, Antes FG, Horn RC, Flores ÉMM, Baldisserotto B, Dressler VL, Loro VL. Triphenyltin hydroxide induces changes in the oxidative stress parameters of fish. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2017; 26:565-569. [PMID: 28220339 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-017-1780-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Among all organotin compounds , triphenyltin hydroxide (TPhTH) is widely used as fungicide and moluscicide in Brazil. However, the effects of TPhTH on the biochemical parameters of non-target organisms, such as fish, are little known. The aim of the present study is to assess the possible toxic effects of different concentrations of waterborne TPhTH on silver catfish belonging to species Rhamdia quelen. The fish were exposed to two different concentrations of TPhTH (1.08 and 1.70 µg/L as Sn) for 15 days and then compared to the control group (triplicate, n = 3). The antioxidant profile (catalase (CAT) and the glutathione S-transferase (GST)) and the oxidative stress parameters (TBARS-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and protein carbonyl (PC)) were set after the exposure to TPhTH. The TBARS level and the PC content increased in several organs of the Rhamdia quelen (brain, liver, muscle and gills) under the two concentrations of TPhTH in comparison to the control group. The CAT activity in the liver and gills has enhanced in all tested TPhTH concentrations. The GST activity increased in the brain, liver and muscle tissues under all the TPhTH concentrations. The significant changes in the biomarkers indicated that the investigated pesticide could have harmful effect on fish, in the field. However, these biomarkers were measured after the fish received doses lower than the recommended for use in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Clasen
- Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul, Três Passos, RS, 98600-000, Brazil.
| | - Alexssandro G Becker
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97.105-900, Brazil
| | - Thais Lópes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97.105-900, Brazil
| | - Camila R Murussi
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97.105-900, Brazil
| | - Fabiane G Antes
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária Rondônia, Porto Velho, RO, 76.815-800, Brazil
| | - Roberta C Horn
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97.105-900, Brazil
| | - Érico M M Flores
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97.105-900, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97.105-900, Brazil
| | - Valderi L Dressler
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97.105-900, Brazil
| | - Vania L Loro
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, 97.105-900, Brazil
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16
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Annamalai SK, Arunachalam KD. Uranium ( 238U)-induced ROS and cell cycle perturbations, antioxidant responses and erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities in the freshwater iridescent shark fish Pangasius sutchi. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 186:145-158. [PMID: 28282621 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The strategic plan of this study is to analyze any possible radiological impact on aquatic organisms from forthcoming uranium mining facilities around the Nagarjuna Sagar Dam in the future. The predominantly consumed and dominant fish species Pangasius sutchi, which is available year-round at Nagarjuna Sagar Dam, was selected for the study. To comprehend the outcome and to understand the mode of action of 238U, the fish species Pangasius sutchi was exposed to ¼ and ½ of the LC50 doses of waterborne 238U in a static system in duplicate for 21 days. Blood and organs, including the gills, liver, brain and muscles, were collected at different time periods-0h, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h, 7, days 14days and 21 days-using ICP-MS to determine the toxic effects of uranium and the accumulation of 238U concentrations. The bioaccumulation of 238U in P. sutchi tissues was dependent on exposure time and concentration. The accumulation of uranium was, in order of magnitude, measured as gills>liver>brain>tissue, with the highest accumulation in the gills. It was observed that exposure to 238U significantly reduced antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and lipid peroxidase. The analysis of DNA fragmentation by comet assay and cell viability by flow cytometry was performed at different time intervals. DNA histograms by flow cytometry analysis revealed an increase in the G2/M phase and the S phase. The long-term 238U exposure studies in fish showed increasing micronucleus frequencies in erythrocytes with greater exposure time. The higher the concentration of 238U is, the greater is the effect observed, suggesting a close relationship between accumulation and toxicity. A possible ROS-mediated 238U toxicity mechanism and antioxidant responses have been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathesh Kumar Annamalai
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Kantha Deivi Arunachalam
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
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17
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Peng C, Ma Y, Ding Y, He X, Zhang P, Lan T, Wang D, Zhang Z, Zhang Z. Influence of Speciation of Thorium on Toxic Effects to Green Algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040795. [PMID: 28394275 PMCID: PMC5412379 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Thorium (Th) is a natural radioactive element present in the environment and has the potential to be used as a nuclear fuel. Relatively little is known about the influence and toxicity of Th in the environment. In the present study, the toxicity of Th to the green algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa (C. pyrenoidosa) was evaluated by algal growth inhibition, biochemical assays and morphologic observations. In the cultural medium (OECD TG 201), Th(NO3)4 was transformed to amorphous precipitation of Th(OH)4 due to hydrolysis. Th was toxic to C. pyrenoidosa, with a 96 h half maximum effective concentration (EC50) of 10.4 μM. Scanning electron microscopy shows that Th-containing aggregates were attached onto the surface of the algal cells, and transmission electron microscopy indicates the internalization of nano-sized Th precipitates and ultrastructural alterations of the algal cells. The heteroagglomeration between Th(OH)4 precipitation and alga cells and enhanced oxidative stress might play important roles in the toxicity of Th. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the toxicity of Th to algae with its chemical species in the exposure medium. This finding provides useful information on understanding the fate and toxicity of Th in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Peng
- School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
| | - Yuhui Ma
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yayun Ding
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Xiao He
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Tu Lan
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Dongqi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
- School of Physical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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18
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Mazari K, Landa P, Přerostová S, Müller K, Vaňková R, Soudek P, Vaněk T. Thorium impact on tobacco root transcriptome. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 325:163-169. [PMID: 27931000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Thorium is natural actinide metal with potential use in nuclear energetics. Contamination by thorium, originated from mining activities or spills, represents environmental risk due to its radioactivity and chemical toxicity. A promising approach for cleaning of contaminated areas is phytoremediation, which need to be based, however, on detail understanding of the thorium effects on plants. In this study we investigated transcriptomic response of tobacco roots exposed to 200μM thorium for one week. Thorium application resulted in up-regulation of 152 and down-regulation of 100 genes (p-value <0.01, fold change ≥2). The stimulated genes were involved in components of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid signaling pathways and various abiotic (e.g. oxidative stress) and biotic stress (e.g. pathogens, wounding) responsive genes. Further, up-regulation of phosphate starvation genes and down-regulation of genes involved in phytic acid biosynthesis indicated that thorium disturbed phosphate uptake or signaling. Also expression of iron responsive genes was influenced. Negative regulation of several aquaporins indicated disturbance of water homeostasis. Genes potentially involved in thorium transport could be zinc-induced facilitator ZIF2, plant cadmium resistance PCR2, and ABC transporter ABCG40. This study provides the first insight at the processes in plants exposed to thorium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Mazari
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, v.v.i., Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6, Lysolaje, Czechia; Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Praha 6, Suchdol, 165 21, Czechia
| | - Přemysl Landa
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, v.v.i., Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6, Lysolaje, Czechia
| | - Sylva Přerostová
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, v.v.i., Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6, Lysolaje, Czechia; Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague 2, Czechia
| | - Karel Müller
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, v.v.i., Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6, Lysolaje, Czechia
| | - Radomíra Vaňková
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, v.v.i., Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6, Lysolaje, Czechia
| | - Petr Soudek
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, v.v.i., Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6, Lysolaje, Czechia
| | - Tomáš Vaněk
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, v.v.i., Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6, Lysolaje, Czechia.
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Ma Y, Wang J, Peng C, Ding Y, He X, Zhang P, Li N, Lan T, Wang D, Zhang Z, Sun F, Liao H, Zhang Z. Toxicity of cerium and thorium on Daphnia magna. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 134P1:226-232. [PMID: 27639197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cerium (Ce) and thorium (Th) are always thought to be chemically similar and have comparable toxic properties on living organisms. In the present study, the acute and chronic toxicity of these two elements to freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna were investigated in the modified reconstituted water (6mg/L KCl, 123mg/L MgSO4·7H2O, and 294mg/L CaCl2·2H2O in Milli-Q water, pH 7.8). It seemed that Ce and Th had comparable acute toxicity on Daphnia: 24/48h EC50 for Th and Ce were 7.3/4.7μM and 16.4/10.7μM, respectively. However, Ce was present as soluble ions while all of Th was present as particulate ThO2 in the exposure medium. Considering their different chemical forms and bioavailability, the toxic mechanisms of Ce3+ and ThO2 on Daphnia would be totally different. To our knowledge, this is the first time to investigate the aquatic toxicity of thorium and cerium based on their actual chemical speciation in the exposure medium. The results also suggest that more attention should be paid on the detrimental effect of Th in the form of particulate ThO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Ma
- Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Radiation and Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingkun Wang
- Jiangsu Province Metallurgical Design Institute Co., Ltd, Jiangsu, 210007, China
| | - Can Peng
- School of public health, University of South China, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Yayun Ding
- Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Radiation and Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao He
- Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Radiation and Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Radiation and Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Radiation and Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tu Lan
- Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Radiation and Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dongqi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Radiation and Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- School of public health, University of South China, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Fuhong Sun
- Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Haiqing Liao
- Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Radiation and Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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20
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Salbego J, Becker AG, Gonçalves JF, Menezes CC, Heldwein CG, Spanevello RM, Loro VL, Schetinger MRC, Morsch VM, Heinzmann BM, Baldisserotto B. The essential oil from Lippia alba induces biochemical stress in the silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) after transportation. NEOTROPICAL ICHTHYOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20130178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of the essential oil (EO) from Lippia alba on biochemical parameters related to oxidative stress in the brain and liver of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) after six hours of transport. Fish were transported in plastic bags and divided into three treatments groups: control, 30 µL L- 1 EO from L.alba and 40 µL L-1 EO from L.alba. Prior to transport, the fish were treated with the EO from L. alba (200 µL L -1 for three minutes), except for the control group. Fish transported in bags containing the EO did not have any alterations in acetylcholinesterase, ecto -nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase and 5'nucleotidase activity in the brain or superoxide dismutase activity in the liver. The hepatic catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), nonprotein thiol and ascorbic acid levels were significantly lower compared to the control group. However, the hepatic thiobarbituric acid- reactive substances, protein oxidation levels and the lipid peroxidation/catalase+glutathione peroxidase (LPO/CAT+GPx) ratio were significantly higher in fish transported with both concentrations of the EO, indicating oxidative stress in the liver. In conclusion, considering the hepatic oxidative stress parameters analyzed in the present experiment, the transport of previously sedated silver catfish in water containing 30 or 40 µL L-1 of EO from L. alba is less effective than the use of lower concentrations.
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21
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Gabriel D, Riffel APK, Finamor IA, Saccol EMH, Ourique GM, Goulart LO, Kochhann D, Cunha MA, Garcia LO, Pavanato MA, Val AL, Baldisserotto B, Llesuy SF. Effects of subchronic manganese chloride exposure on tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) tissues: oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2013; 64:659-667. [PMID: 23440445 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-012-9854-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate oxidative stress parameters in juvenile tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) exposed to 3.88 mg l(-1) Mn(2+) for 96 hours. Biomarkers of oxidative stress, such as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities, as well as content of reduced glutathione (GSH), were analyzed in gill, liver, brain, and kidney. The presence of Mn(2+) in the water corresponded to increased levels of Mn(2+) accumulation according to the following sequence: gill > kidney > brain > liver. There was a significant increase in TBARS levels (40 %) and SOD activity (80 %) in addition to a significant decrease in GSH content (41 %) in gills of fish exposed to waterborne Mn(2+). In hepatic tissue of the exposed animals, TBARS levels decreased significantly (35 %), whereas SOD (82 %) and GST activities (51 %) as well as GSH content (43 %) increased significantly. In brain of exposed juvenile fish, only significant decreases in SOD (32 %) and CAT activities (65 %) were observed. Moreover, the kidney of exposed fish showed a significant increase in TBARS levels (53 %) and a significant decrease in SOD activity (41 %) compared with the control. Thus, the changes in biomarkers of oxidative stress were different in the tissues, showing a specific toxicity of this metal to each organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Gabriel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria-RS, Brazil
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Li HT, Feng L, Jiang WD, Liu Y, Jiang J, Li SH, Zhou XQ. Oxidative stress parameters and anti-apoptotic response to hydroxyl radicals in fish erythrocytes: protective effects of glutamine, alanine, citrulline and proline. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 126:169-179. [PMID: 23220409 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2012.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Revised: 11/03/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study explored the protective effects of glutamine (Gln), alanine (Ala), citrulline (Cit) and proline (Pro) on hydroxyl radical (·OH)-induced apoptosis in isolated carp erythrocytes. Hydroxyl radicals were generated by ferrous ion (Fe(2+))-mediated decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) (Fenton reaction). In order to select an optimal ·OH concentration to induce apoptosis, cultures were treated with different concentrations of FeSO(4)/H(2)O(2) (0 μM/0 μM-50 μM/25 μM). The results showed that exposure to FeSO(4)/H(2)O(2) (0 μM/0 μM-40 μM/20 μM) increased apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, apoptosis was at its highest level at 40 μM FeSO(4)/20 μM H(2)O(2). We then examined the cytoprotective effects of Gln, Ala, Cit, Pro or the combination of Ala, Cit and Pro under conditions of apoptosis. Carp erythrocytes were treated with the substances listed above in the presence of 40 μM FeSO(4)/20 μM H(2)O(2) for 9 h. The controls were grown in Gln, Ala, Cit, Pro-free culture medium. The results showed that Gln, Ala, Cit, Pro and the combination of Ala, Cit and Pro effectively protected against annexin binding, decrease of forward scatter and DNA fragmentation in carp erythrocytes induced by ·OH. Furthermore, Gln, Ala, Cit, Pro and the combination of Ala, Cit and Pro effectively blocked ·OH-stimulated erythrocyte hemolysis, reduced the increase of superoxide anion and H(2)O(2) concentrations, inhibited the formation of malondialdehyde, protein carbonyls and met-hemoglobin, and prevented the decrease of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities and glutathione content in carp erythrocytes induced by ·OH. In addition, the results suggest that the combination of Ala, Cit and Pro produces a greater anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative effect than their individual effects at the same concentrations. Taken together, the results showed that ·OH induces apoptosis and oxidative damage in carp erythrocytes. In addition to inhibiting apoptosis, Gln, Ala, Cit, Pro and the combination of Ala, Cit and Pro protected carp erythrocytes against oxidative damage induced by ·OH, which may be a major factor in the protection of erythrocytes from apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Tao Li
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Amin KA, Hashem KS. Deltamethrin-induced oxidative stress and biochemical changes in tissues and blood of catfish (Clarias gariepinus): antioxidant defense and role of alpha-tocopherol. BMC Vet Res 2012; 8:45. [PMID: 22537979 PMCID: PMC3482145 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-8-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The pyrethroid class of insecticides, including deltamethrin, is being used as substitutes for organochlorines and organophosphates in pest-control programs because of their low environmental persistence and toxicity. This study was aimed to investigate the impact of commonly used pesticides (deltamethrin) on the blood and tissue oxidative stress level in catfish (Clarias gariepinus); in addition to the protective effect of α-tocopherol on deltamethrin induced oxidative stress. Catfish were divided into three groups, 1st control group include 20 fish divided into two tanks each one contain 10 fish, 2nd deltamethrin group, where Fish exposed to deltamethrin in a concentration (0.75 μg/l) and 3rd Vitamin E group, Fish exposed to deltamethrin and vitamin E at a dose of 12 μg/l for successive 4 days. Serum, liver, kidney and Gills were collected for biochemical assays. Tissue oxidative stress biomarkers malondialdhyde (MDA) and catalase activity in liver, kidney and gills tissues, serum liver enzymes (ALT and AST), serum albumin, total protein, urea and creatinine were analysed. Results Our results showed that 48 h. exposure to 0.75 μg/l deltamethrin significantly (p < 0.05) increased lipid peroxidation (MDA) in the liver, kidney and gills while catalase activity was significantly decreased in the same tissues. This accompanied by significant increase in serum ALT, AST activity, urea and creatinine and a marked decrease in serum albumin and total proteins. Conclusions It could be concluded that deltamethrin is highly toxic to catfish even in very low concentration (0.75 μg/l). Moreover the effect of deltamethrin was pronounced in the liver of catfish in comparison with kidneys and gills. Moreover fish antioxidants and oxidative stress could be used as biomarkers for aquatic pollution, thus helping in the diagnosis of pollution. Adminstration of 12 μg/l α-tocopherol restored the quantified tissue and serum parameters, so supplementation of α-tocopherol consider an effective way to counter the toxicity of deltamethrin in the catfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal A Amin
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Beni Suef University, Egypt.
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Pascoli F, Negrato E, Di Giancamillo A, Bertotto D, Domeneghini C, Simontacchi C, Mutinelli F, Radaelli G. Evaluation of oxidative stress biomarkers in Zosterisessor ophiocephalus from the Venice Lagoon, Italy. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2011; 101:512-520. [PMID: 21276477 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Revised: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 12/03/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Several studies carried out in the last years have demonstrated the presence of a wide range of contaminants in some areas of the Venice Lagoon. Many of these contaminants are able to drive free radical reactions, which lead to oxidative stress and can potentially affect fish health. In the present study, oxidative stress biomarkers were examined in three different sites (Porto Marghera, Val di Brenta and Caroman) of the Venice Lagoon and their levels monitored in Zosterisessor ophiocephalus, one of the most common fish species present in the lagoon. Schmorl's staining revealed the presence of melanomacrophage centres in spleen and head kidney, and the highest number of melanomacrophage centres was observed in the animals sampled at the Porto Marghera (Porto Marghera vs Val di brenta and Caroman: p<0.01). The cellular localization of HNE and NT, investigated through an immunohistochemical approach, showed that immunopositivity was mainly localized in melanomacrophage centres of spleen and kidney. It is relevant that the animals of the detoxified control group did not exhibit any immunoreactivity. By Western blot, the antibodies against HNE and NT recognized in the liver polypeptides damaged by oxidative stress with molecular weights under 66kDa. Comparing the relative densities, animals from the Val di Brenta site exhibited the lowest levels of HNE adducts (p<0.05), whereas animals from the Porto Marghera site exhibited the highest levels of NT adducts (p<0.05). MDA levels, measured spectrophotometrically by TBARS assay did not exhibit any statistical difference among sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pascoli
- Department of Experimental Veterinary Sciences, Università degli Studi di Padova, Agripolis Viale dell'Università 16, Legnaro (PD), Italy
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Evseeva T, Geras'kin S, Majstrenko T, Brown J, Belykh E. Comparative estimation of 232Th and stable Ce (III) toxicity and detoxification pathways in freshwater alga Chlorella vulgaris. CHEMOSPHERE 2010; 81:1320-1327. [PMID: 20817218 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2010] [Revised: 08/10/2010] [Accepted: 08/13/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of radiological and chemical toxicity from naturally occurring radionuclides are discussed in the context of protecting freshwater ecosystems from radiation exposure. The present study aimed to determine the toxicity of (232)Th and it stable chemical analogue Ce to the green alga Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck (thermophilic strain). Parameters of the regression equation for the concentration-effect relationship and concomitant Effective concentration (50%), EC(50), showed that (232)Th was more toxic to chlorella after a 24-h exposure than Ce. However, the No-observable-effect concentration (NOEC) and Lowest-observable-effect concentration (LOEC) for (232)Th were approximately equal to those for Ce. NOEC, LOEC and EC(50) for (232)Th were 1.6 μM, 2.2 μM and 15.4 respectively. Those for Ce were 1.8, 2.1 and 35.7 μM respectively. Consideration of the results obtained suggests differences in the main detoxification pathways of (232)Th and Ce (III). It was found that 0.02 mM caffeine (used as DNA metabolism disturbance reagent) has no effect on Ce toxic action, but 0.02 mM BSO (as a selective inhibitor of γ-ECS, a glutathione biosynthetic pathway enzyme) enhanced it. In contrast, 0.02 mM caffeine significantly increased the toxic action of (232)Th, but 0.02 mM BSO has no effect on it. The peculiarities mentioned were suggested to be caused by differences in the physicochemical properties of the elements. The combined potential detrimental effect of (232)Th acting both as a radiation source (α-, β- and γ-emitter) and a chemically toxic element is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Evseeva
- Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Center, Ural Division RAS, Kommunisticheskaya 28, 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia.
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Vasylkiv OY, Kubrak OI, Storey KB, Lushchak VI. Cytotoxicity of chromium ions may be connected with induction of oxidative stress. CHEMOSPHERE 2010; 80:1044-1049. [PMID: 20547405 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Revised: 05/11/2010] [Accepted: 05/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Chromium ions are frequently found in aquatic ecosystems and are known to be inducers of oxidative stress in fish solid tissues. The present study was designed to determine whether fish blood samples can be used to allow nonlethal diagnostic testing for chromium intoxication. First, we confirmed that 96 h exposures to water containing 10.0 mg L(-1) chromium ions, either Cr3+ or Cr6+, induced oxidative stress in brain of goldfish (Carassius auratus). Multiple blood parameters were then evaluated. Cr6+ exposure triggered a 579% increase in the number of erythrocytes containing micronuclei, a frequently used marker of cellular toxicity. Leucocyte numbers were also perturbed by exposure to either Cr3+ or Cr6+ indicating that chromium ions could impair the immune system as well. The content of protein carbonyl groups, a marker of oxidative damage to proteins, was enhanced in fish plasma by exposure to either chromium ion and activities of catalase and lactate dehydrogenase also were affected. The data demonstrate that chromium ions induced oxidative stress in goldfish blood and were cytotoxic for erythrocytes. This indicates that analysis of plasma can be used as a good early nonlethal diagnostic marker of fish intoxication by transition metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Yu Vasylkiv
- Department of Biochemistry, Precarpathian National University named after Vassyl Stefanyk, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76025, Ukraine
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Kumar A, Ali M, Pandey BN, Hassan PA, Mishra KP. Role of membrane sialic acid and glycophorin protein in thorium induced aggregation and hemolysis of human erythrocytes. Biochimie 2010; 92:869-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2010.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2009] [Accepted: 03/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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