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Li W, Chen J, Chen X, Linli F, Yang X, Wang L, Zhang K. Universal organophosphate pesticides detection by peptide based fluorescent probes. Talanta 2024; 275:126065. [PMID: 38663061 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
In practical applications, the rapid and efficient detection of universal organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) can assist inspectors in quickly identifying the presence of OPs in samples. However, this presents a challenge for most well-established methods, typically designed to detect only a specific type of organophosphorus molecule at a time. In this proof-of-concept study, we draw inspiration from the structural similarities among OPs to develop innovative peptide-based fluorescence probes for the first time, which could efficiently detect a broad range of OPs within a mere 3 min. Analysis of fluorescence curve fitting reveals a clear linear correlation between the fluorescent intensity of the peptide probes and the concentration of OPs. Additionally, the selectivity analysis indicates that these peptide fluorescent probes exhibit an excellent response to various OPs while maintaining sufficient selectivity for detecting other pesticide types. Accurate sample analysis has also highlighted the potential of these peptide probes as practical tools for the rapid detection of OPs in actual vegetable samples. In summary, this proof-of-concept study presents an innovative approach to designing and developing ultrafast, universally peptide-based OP probes. These custom-designed peptide probes may facilitate rapid sample screening and offer initial quantification for OPs, potentially saving valuable time and effort in practical OP detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Li
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Food Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Xihua University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chengdu, 611130, China; Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610212, China
| | - Junlong Chen
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Food Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Xihua University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xianggui Chen
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Food Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Xihua University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Fangzhou Linli
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Food Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Xihua University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Food Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Xihua University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Food Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Xihua University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Kaihui Zhang
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Food Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Xihua University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chengdu, 611130, China
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2
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Jiang S, Zhang Z, Gu Q, Yu X. Semi-rational design for enhancing thermostability of Culex pipiens acetylcholinesterase and sensitivity analysis of acephate. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 934:173282. [PMID: 38759926 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) has emerged as a significant biological recognition element in the biosensor field, particularly for the detection of insecticides. Nevertheless, the weak thermostability of AChE restricts its utilization due to the complexities associated with production, storage, and application environments. By evaluating the binding affinity between representative AChE and insecticides, an AChE from Culex pipiens was screened out, which displayed a broad-spectrum and high sensitivity to insecticides. The C. pipiens AChE (CpA) was subsequently expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) as a soluble active protein. Furthermore, a three-point mutant, M4 (A340P/D390E/S581P), was obtained using a semi-rational design strategy that combined molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and computer-aided design, which exhibited a four-fold increase in half-life at 40 °C compared to the wild-type (WT) enzyme. The mutant M4 also demonstrated an optimal temperature of 50 °C and a melting temperature (Tm) of 51.2 °C. Additionally, the sensitivity of WT and M4 to acephate was examined, revealing a 50-fold decrease in the IC50 value of M4. The mechanism underlying the improvement in thermal performance was elucidated through secondary structure analysis and MD simulations, indicating an increase in the proportion of protein helices and local structural rigidity. MD analysis of the protein-ligand complexes suggested that the enhanced sensitivity of M4 could be attributed to frequent specific contacts between the organophosphorus (OP) group of acephate and the key active site residue Ser327. These findings have expanded the possibilities for the development of more reliable and effective industrial enzyme preparations and biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoqi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Li-Hu Road, Bin-Hu District, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhuangwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Qiuya Gu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Li-Hu Road, Bin-Hu District, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaobin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Li-Hu Road, Bin-Hu District, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
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Xie X, Sun L, Xu H, Zhang M, Zhou J, Du S, Hu Q, Li Z. Exposure to hexa fluoropropylene oxide trimer acid (HFPO-TA) impairs 5-HT metabolism by impacting the brain-gut axis in mice. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142035. [PMID: 38663680 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid (HFPO-TA) has been found to cause hepatotoxicity, lipotoxicity, and cytotoxicity. However, the effects of HFPO-TA exposure on nervous system toxicity are still unclear. Here, six-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were treated with 2, 20, and 200 μg/L HFPO-TA for six weeks. The untargeted transcriptome analysis was employed to identify differentially expressed mRNAs in the tissue of mouse hippocampi. Then, the levels of neurotransmitters were detected by ELISA analysis in hippocampal and colonic tissues. Real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting analysis were performed to detect the expression of genes associated with modulation of serotonin (5-HT) metabolism and blood-brain barrier. HFPO-TA exposure reduced the mRNA and protein expression of several tight junction protein-coded genes, including Occludin, Claudin-1, and ZO-1, in mice hippocampi, indicating that the blood-brain barrier was disrupted. Moreover, HFPO-TA exposure elevated the expression of neuroinflammatory factors, including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, TGF-α, and TGF-β. Analysis of hippocampal transcriptomics suggested that HFPO-TA exposure would impair 5-HT generation and metabolic pathways. In keeping with this prediction, our findings confirmed that the levels of several neurotransmitters, including tryptophan (TRP), 5-HT, 5-HTP, and 5-HIAA, were all impaired by HFPO-TA exposure in the serum, colon, and hippocampus, as was the colonic and hippocampal expression of TRP and 5-HT metabolism-related genes such as SERT, MAO-A, and IDO. These results suggest that HFPO-TA nervous system toxicity in mice may be partly modulated by the brain-gut axis and that HFPO-TA exposure may negatively impact human mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxian Xie
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201109, China; Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, OX1 3QT, Oxford, UK
| | - Lei Sun
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Haoshen Xu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Mengya Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Jiafeng Zhou
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Shulin Du
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China
| | - Qinglian Hu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Zezhi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China; Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510370, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Zhu S, Qin S, Wei C, Cen L, Xiong L, Luo X, Wang Y. Acetylcholine triggered enzymatic cascade reaction based on Fe 7S 8 nanoflakes catalysis for organophosphorus pesticides visual detection. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1301:342464. [PMID: 38553122 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) play important roles in the natural environment, agricultural fields, and biological prevention. The development of OPs detection has gradually become an effective strategy to avoid the dangers of pesticides abuse and solve the severe environmental and health problems in humans. Although conventional assays for OPs analysis such as the bulky instrument required analytical methods have been well-developed, it still remains the limitation of inconvenient, inefficient and lab-dependence analysis in real samples. Hence, there is an urgent demand to develop efficient detection methods for OPs analysis in real scenarios. RESULTS Here, by virtue of the highly efficient catalytic performance in Fe7S8 nanoflakes (Fe7S8 NFs), we propose an OPs detection method that rationally integrated Fe7S8 NFs into the acetylcholine (ACh) triggered enzymatic cascade reaction (ATECR) for proceeding better detection performances. In this method, OPs serve as the enzyme inhibitors for inhibiting ATECR among ACh, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and choline oxidase (CHO), then reduce the generation of H2O2 to suppress the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) that catalyzed by Fe7S8 NFs. Benefiting from the integration of Fe7S8 NFs and ATECR, it enables a sensitive detection for OPs (e.g. dimethoate). The proposed method has presented good linear ranges of OPs detection ranging from 0.1 to 10 μg mL-1. Compared to the other methods, the comparable limits of detection (LOD) of OPs are as low as 0.05 μg mL-1. SIGNIFICANCE Furthermore, the proposed method has also achieved a favorable visual detection performance of revealing OPs analysis in real samples. The visual signals of OPs can be transformed into RGB values and gathered by using smartphones, indicating the great potential in simple, sensitive, instrument-free and on-site analysis of pesticide residues in environmental monitoring and biosecurity research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Shangying Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Chonghui Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Li Cen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Luyun Xiong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China
| | - Xingyu Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China.
| | - Yilin Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, PR China.
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Wm-Bekele D, GirmaTilahun, Dadebo E, Haileslassie A, Gebremariam Z. Organochlorine, organophosphorus, and carbamate pesticide residues in an Ethiopian Rift Valley Lake Hawassa: occurrences and possible ecological risks. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:27749-27769. [PMID: 38517634 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32848-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Currently, pesticide production and use are on the rise globally. This trend is certain to continue in the coming decades with residues posing risks to the environment and human health even at low levels. Although various aspects of pesticides and their possible implications have widely been studied, such studies have mostly been carried out in developed countries leaving the rest of the world with little scientific information. We present here the results of a study on the occurrences, concentrations, and ecological risks of 30 pesticide residues (PRs) in water and sediment samples from a tropical freshwater Lake Hawassa in the Ethiopian Rift Valley. A total of 54 composite samples of water and sediment were collected from three sampling sites on three occasions. The samples were prepared by quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) technique, and analyzed using GC-MS at Bless Agri Food Laboratory Service located in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The study applied the risk quotient (RQ) method to scrutinize the risks posed to aquatic biota by the detected PRs. The results showed occurrences of 18 and 20 PRs in the water and sediment samples, respectively. The majority, 78 and 75% of the detected PRs in water and sediment samples, respectively represent the organochlorine chemical class. Concentrations of heptachlor epoxide were significantly (p ≤ 0.001) higher than those of the remaining pesticides in both matrices. Of the pesticides detected, 77% were present in water and 83% in sediment samples and pose a serious risk (RQ ≥ 1) to the Lake Hawassa biota. This calls for further research to investigate the risks to human health posed by the PRs. The findings of this study can contribute to the development of global protocols, as they support the concerns raised about the ecological and public health impacts of PRs on a global level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wm-Bekele
- Biology Department, Environmental Toxicology Program, Hawassa University, Hawassa City, Ethiopia.
- Hawassa College of Teachers Education, Hawassa City, Ethiopia.
| | - GirmaTilahun
- Department of Aquatic Sciences, Fisheries & Aquaculture, Hawassa University, Hawassa City, Ethiopia
| | - Elias Dadebo
- Department of Aquatic Sciences, Fisheries & Aquaculture, Hawassa University, Hawassa City, Ethiopia
| | - Amare Haileslassie
- International Water Management Institute (IWMI)-Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Zinabu Gebremariam
- Department of Aquatic Sciences, Fisheries & Aquaculture, Hawassa University, Hawassa City, Ethiopia
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Jeyaseelan A, Murugesan K, Thayanithi S, Palanisamy SB. A review of the impact of herbicides and insecticides on the microbial communities. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 245:118020. [PMID: 38151149 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.118020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing crop yield to accommodate the ever-increasing world population has become critical, and diminishing arable land has pressured current agricultural practices. Intensive farming methods have been using more pesticides and insecticides (biocides), culminating in soil deposition, negatively impacting the microbiome. Hence, a deeper understanding of the interaction and impact of pesticides and insecticides on microbial communities is required for the scientific community. This review highlights the recent findings concerning the possible impacts of biocides on various soil microorganisms and their diversity. This review's bibliometric analysis emphasised the recent developments' statistics based on the Scopus document search. Pesticides and insecticides are reported to degrade microbes' structure, cellular processes, and distinct biochemical reactions at cellular and biochemical levels. Several biocides disrupt the relationship between plants and their microbial symbionts, hindering beneficial biological activities that are widely discussed. Most microbial target sites of or receptors are biomolecules, and biocides bind with the receptor through a ligand-based mechanism. The biomarker action mechanism in response to biocides relies on activating the receptor site by specific biochemical interactions. The production of electrophilic or nucleophilic species, free radicals, and redox-reactive agents are the significant factors of biocide's metabolic reaction. Most studies considered for the review reported the negative impact of biocides on the soil microbial community; hence, technological development is required regarding eco-friendly pesticide and insecticide, which has less or no impact on the soil microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravind Jeyaseelan
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kamaraj Murugesan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology-Ramapuram, Chennai, 600089, Tamil Nadu, India; Life Science Division, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, 71800, Malaysia.
| | - Saranya Thayanithi
- Department of Biotechnology, Rathinam Technical Campus, Coimbatore, 641021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suresh Babu Palanisamy
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Gültekin VK, Atamanalp M, Ucar A, Alak G, Parlak V. Testing the detoxification power of black cumin oil ( Nigella sativa) over cypermethrin insecticide effects in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) at multiple scales. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38326995 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2311279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the curative effect of black cumin oil (Nigella sativa, NS), which is a phytotherapeutic agent against to cypermethrin (CYP), which is known to have adverse effects on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)'s behavioral changes, oxidative stress-mediated neurotoxicity, hematotoxicity and hepatotoxicity parameters.At the end of the trial period; (i) evaluation of critical swimming speed (Ucrit) (ii) hematology indices [white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hgb), hematocrit (Hct), mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell hemoglobin) (MCH), mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)] (iii) Elucidation of the mechanism of functional damage in brain tissue of O. mykiss by neurological parameter [acetylcholinesterase (AChE)] (iv) Evaluation of oxidative damage in oxidative stress-mediated neurotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in liver, gill and brain tissue of O. mykiss with antioxidant enzymes [(Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Glutathione (GSH)] and [(detection by means of malondialdehyde (MDA)] (v) Obtaining applicable data in the toxicological field using a multi-biomarker approach to investigate the modulation of NS administration via target markers in the physiological pathway of O. mykiss were aimed.As a result of CYP application, it was determined that the Ucrit value of O. mykiss decreased significantly. It was determined that the changes in the values of RBC, Hgb and Hct, which are among the hematology parameters examined in the blood tissue, were statistically significant (p < 0.05). It was determined that WBC value was inhibited by CYP application and NS tried to make a positive contribution to WBC. It was determined that the AChE activity of O. mykiss in the brain tissue had a statistically significant inhibition in the CYP-treated group (p < 0.05). SOD, CAT, GPx, enzyme activities were found to be inhibited by CYP application and were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Acute toxicity of CYP was determined by antioxidant enzyme biomarkers in gill tissue. In the results obtained; While inhibitions were determined in SOD, CAT, GPx activities compared to the control group, an induction occurred in MDA value.NS administration was noted to be an important modulator of the SOD-CAT system against CYP exposure at both concentrations. Thus, it can be said that it indirectly functions as an effective antioxidant through the NS receptor protein and structurally stimulates the synthesis and activity of antioxidative enzymes under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arzu Ucar
- Department of Aquaculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gonca Alak
- Department of Sea Food Processing, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Veysel Parlak
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Zheng X, Guo L, Zhu C, Hu T, Gong X, Wu C, Wang G, Dong H, Hou Y. A robust electrochemical sensor based on AgNWs@MoS 2 for highly sensitive detection of thiabendazole residues in food samples. Food Chem 2024; 433:137304. [PMID: 37683473 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Thiabendazole (TBZ), a highly toxic phosphorothioate insecticide commonly used in postharvest fruit management, has the potential to cause detrimental effects on human health as an endocrine disruptor. In this study, an electrochemical sensor was developed to detect TBZ by modifying MoS2 on silver nanowires (Ag NWs@MoS2) and integrating them onto a glassy carbon surface. Cyclic voltammetry revealed that TBZ underwent an irreversible, diffusion-controlled process on Ag NWs@MoS2, leading to a two-fold increase in peak current compared to unmodified MoS2. Square wave voltammetry facilitated TBZ detection, and the sensor exhibited a linear range of 0.05-10 μM with a high coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.9958) and a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.75 nM (signal-to-noise ratio = 3). The sensor's applicability for food safety monitoring was verified through TBZ analysis in pear and apple samples, achieving recoveries of 95.5-103.6% with RSDs in the range of 1.98-3.25%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zheng
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 436800, China; Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Xiangyang 441000, China.
| | - Lei Guo
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 436800, China
| | - Chuanhui Zhu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 436800, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 436800, China; Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Xiangyang 441000, China
| | - Xinghou Gong
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 436800, China; Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Xiangyang 441000, China
| | - Chonggang Wu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 436800, China; Hubei Longzhong Laboratory, Xiangyang 441000, China
| | - Guangjin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Energy Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 52800, China.
| | - Hao Dong
- College of Light Industry and Food Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China.
| | - Yuanjing Hou
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430048, China
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de Sabóia-Morais SMT, de Lima Faria JM, da Silva Rabelo JC, Hanusch AL, Mesquita LA, de Andrade Silva R, de Oliveira JM, de Jesus LWO. Cylindrospermopsin exposure promotes redox unbalance and tissue damage in the liver of Poecilia reticulata, a neotropical fish species. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:120-132. [PMID: 37969104 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2282530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing concern regarding the adverse risks exposure to cylindrospermopsin (CYN) might exert on animals and humans. However, data regarding the toxicity of this cyanotoxin to neotropical fish species are scarce. Using the fish species Poecilia reticulata, the influence of CYN concentrations equal to and above the tolerable for drinking water may produce on liver was determined by assessing biomarkers of antioxidant defense mechanisms and correlated to qualitative and semiquantitative histopathological observations. Adult females were exposed to 0.0 (Control); 0.5, 1 and 1.5 μg/L pure CYN for 24 or 96 hr, in triplicate. Subsequently the livers were extracted for biochemical assays and histopathological evaluation. Catalase (CAT) activity was significantly increased only by 1.5 μg/L CYN-treatment, at both exposure times. Glutathione -S-transferase (GST) activity presented a biphasic response for both exposure times. It was markedly decreased after exposure by 0.5 μg/L CYN treatment but significantly elevated by 1.5 μg/L CYN treatment. All CYN treatments produced histopathological alterations, as evidenced by hepatocyte cords degeneration, steatosis, inflammatory infiltration, melanomacrophage centers, vessel congestion, and areas with necrosis. Further, an IORG >35 was achieved for all treatments, indicative of the presence of severe histological alterations in P. reticulata hepatic parenchyma and stroma. Taken together, data demonstrated evidence that CYN-induced hepatotoxicity in P. reticulata appears to be associated with an imbalance of antioxidant defense mechanisms accompanied by histopathological liver alterations. It is worthy to note that exposure to low environmentally-relevant CYN concentrations might constitute a significant risk to health of aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - João Marcos de Lima Faria
- Laboratory of Cellular Behavior, Department of Morphology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Custódio da Silva Rabelo
- Laboratory of Cellular Behavior, Department of Morphology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Lorena Alves Mesquita
- Laboratory of Cellular Behavior, Department of Morphology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Raquel de Andrade Silva
- Laboratory of Cellular Behavior, Department of Morphology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Jerusa Maria de Oliveira
- Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Morphophysiology, Histology and Embryology Section, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Lázaro Wender Oliveira de Jesus
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Morphophysiology, Histology and Embryology Section, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
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Zhao M, Gao Z, Ji X, Wang K, Zhang S, Shi Y, Song X, Yu Z, Yang X. The diverse functions of Mu-class Glutathione S-transferase HrGSTm1 during the development of Hyalomma rufipes with a focus on the detoxification metabolism of cyhalothrin. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:1. [PMID: 38167098 PMCID: PMC10759735 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-06084-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a superfamily of multifunctional enzymes in living organisms with metabolic and detoxification functions, which can detoxify exogenous and endogenous compounds and thereby reduce the damage caused by toxic substances to the body. Ticks are obligate blood-sucking ectoparasites that can transmit various pathogens, and the characterization of tick-derived GSTs may help improve current understanding of the molecular mechanism of tick resistance to insecticides. In this study, a novel GST gene, named HrGSTm1, was identified from Hyalomma rufipes. METHODS Sequence analysis was performed by using bioinformatics techniques. A prokaryotic expression system was used to obtain the recombinant expression protein rHrGSTm1. Detection of spatiotemporal expression patterns of target genes and their response to the toxicity of cyhalothrin on female H. rufipes was performed by using a quantitative PCR platform. The optimal enzymological parameters of rHrGSTm1 using glutathione as substrate were calculated. The antioxidant capacity of the recombinant protein was evaluated by DPPH• (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical 2,2-Diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) hydrazyl). Knockdown of the HrGSTm1 genes through RNA interference was used to analyze their effects on the physiological parameters of ticks. The changes in HrGSTm1 messenger RNA expression patterns under cypermethrin stress were analyzed. RESULTS The complementary DNA sequence of HrGSTm1 contained a 672-bp open reading frame, which potentially encoded 223 amino acids. The predicted molecular weight was 25.62 kDa, and the isoelectric point 8.22. HrGSTm1 is a Mu-class GST, belonging to the cytoplasmic GSTs with no signal peptide observed. The Vmax and Km of rHrGSTm1 were 3.367 ± 0.81 uM and 2.208 ± 0.76 uM, respectively, and its activities were dependent on different temperatures and pH conditions; the scavenging rate of rHrGSTm1 to DPPH• reached 76.4% at 1.25 mg/ml. Variable expressions of HrGSTm1 were observed under various treatment periods and in different tissues, with the highest appearing in eggs (analysis of variance [ANOVA], F(2, 9) = 279.9, P < 0.0001) and Malpighian tubules (ANOVA, F(3, 12) = 290.5, P < 0.0001). After knockdown of HrGSTm1, compared with the control group, the mortality in the treatment group was increased by 16.7%, the average oviposition rate decreased by 33.9%, the average engorged body weight decreased by 287.38 mg and egg weight decreased by 127.46 mg, although only the engorged body weight was significantly different (t-test, t(44) = 2.886, P = 0.006). After exposure to three sublethal concentrations (LC05, LC10, LC50) of cyhalothrin, the expression level of HrGSTm1 in the midgut, ovary and salivary gland was upregulated, whereas in Malpighian tubules, it showed a trend of upregulation at first and then downregulation, implying different functions during the detoxification in different tissues. CONCLUSIONS In this study, a novel GST of the Mu-class was successfully isolated from H. rufipes and systematically subjected to bioinformatic analysis and recombination identification. The variation trend of HrGSTm1 expression level in different tissues suggests that the gene has different detoxification functions in different tissues. The potential function of this gene was analyzed to provide basic research for further investigation of its detoxification mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meichen Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Zhihua Gao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Xin Ji
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Kuang Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Songbo Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Yanqing Shi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Xuecheng Song
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Zhijun Yu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China.
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China.
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11
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Deenathayalan U, Nandita R, Kavithaa K, Kavitha VS, Govindasamy C, Al-Numair KS, Alsaif MA, Cheon YP, Arul N, Brindha D. Evaluation of Developmental Toxicity and Oxidative Stress Caused by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Zebra Fish Embryos/ Larvae. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12010-023-04791-5. [PMID: 37987950 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04791-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are used in various fields, including biological ones. ZnO NPs are eventually disposed of in the environment where they may affect natural systems, and there is no international law to regulate their manufacture, usage, and disposal. Hence, this present study is carried out to synthesise a more non-toxic and bioactive ZnO NPs from the marine algae Sargassum polycystum. The ZnO NPs were biologically produced using the marine algae Sargassum polycystum. The dynamic light scattering result describes that synthesised particles' average size is about 100 nm in diameter. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis demonstrated the rod-like morphology of ZnO NPs. Fourier tranform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) results revealed the presence of functional groups in ZnO NPs. The selected area electron diffraction (SAED) results strongly suggested the ZnO NPs crystallinity. ZnO NPs surface morphology and compositions were identified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM- EDX) values. To analyse the toxicity of synthesised nanoparticles, zebra fish larvae were used, which involved subjecting embryos to various ZnO NPs concentrations at 1 hpf and analysing the results at 96 hpf. The 60 and 80 ppm sub-lethal doses were chosen for further studies based on the LC50 (82.23 ppm). In the ZnO NPs-treated groups, a significant slowdown in pulse rate and a delay in hatching were seen, both of which impacted the embryonic processes. A teratogenic study revealed a dose-dependent increase in the incidence of developmental deformities in the treated groups. Along with increased oxidants and a corresponding reduction in antioxidant enzymes, Na+ K+-ATPase and AChE activity changes were seen in ZnO NPs-treated zebra fish larvae groups. The apoptosis process was increased in ZnO NPs-treated groups revealed by acridine orange staining. These results indicate that the green synthesis process cannot mitigate the oxidative stress induced by ZnO NPs on oxidative signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uvarajan Deenathayalan
- Department of Biochemistry, PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravichandran Nandita
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnamoorthy Kavithaa
- Department of Biotechnology, Hindusthan College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Chandramohan Govindasamy
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, KingSaud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S Al-Numair
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, KingSaud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alsaif
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, KingSaud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yong Pil Cheon
- Division of Developmental Biology and Physiology, Department of Biotechnology, Sungshin University, Seoul, 02844, South Korea
| | - Narayanasamy Arul
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Durairaj Brindha
- Department of Biochemistry, PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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12
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Li Y, Gao X, Fang Y, Cui B, Shen Y. Nanomaterials-driven innovative electrochemiluminescence aptasensors in reporting food pollutants. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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13
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Amin M, Yousuf M, Attaullah M, Ahmad N, Azra MN, Lateef M, Buneri ID, Zekker I, El-Saber Batiha G, Aboelenin SM, Zahoor M, Ikram M, Naeem M. Cholinesterase activity as a potential biomarker for neurotoxicity induced by pesticides in vivo exposed Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia): assessment tool for organophosphates and synthetic pyrethroids. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:2148-2156. [PMID: 34962184 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.2024276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphates (OPs) and synthetic pyrethroids (SPs) are the most popular broad spectrum pesticides, used in agriculture as they have a strong pesticidal activity while also being biodegradable in the environment. The present study aimed to demonstrate the effects of these pesticides on the Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in brain, gills and body muscles of Oreochromis niloticus - an important enzyme for the assessment and biomonitoring pollution caused by neurotoxins in the environment. The fish were exposed for 24 and 48 h to the LC0 concentrations of the malathion (1.425 mg/L), the chlorpyrifos (0.125 mg/L) and the λ-cyhalothrin (0.0039 mg/L), respectively. The activity of the AChE was significantly increased (p < 0.05) at 24 h and decreased at 48 h (except for the chlorpyrifos-treated brain and gills while tissues had shown no activity at 48 h's exposure) in all pesticides-treated tissues. The maximum increase in the activity and inhibition in the AChE activity were recorded as +92% and -52% in the chlorpyrifos and the lambda-cyhalothrin exposed brain tissues, respectively. Thus, the alterations in the AChE activities indicated that the applied pesticides are highly neurotoxic to fish and the enzyme (AChE) could be used as a useful biomarker for estimation of water pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Amin
- Department of Zoology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Masarrat Yousuf
- Department of Zoology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Maritime Science, Bahria University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mohamad Nor Azra
- Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Mehreen Lateef
- Biochemistry Department, Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Ivar Zekker
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicines, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | | | - Muhammad Zahoor
- Department of Bio-Chemistry, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
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14
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Phongphut A, Chayasombat B, Cass AEG, Phisalaphong M, Prichanont S, Thanachayanont C, Chodjarusawad T. Biosensors Based on Acetylcholinesterase Immobilized on Clay-Gold Nanocomposites for the Discrimination of Chlorpyrifos and Carbaryl. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:39848-39859. [PMID: 36385833 PMCID: PMC9647858 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This work aims at evaluating a utilization of diverse clay mineral/gold nanoparticles/acetylcholinesterase (clay/AuNPs/AChE) biosensors by using principal component analysis (PCA) for the discrimination of pesticide types and their concentration levels both in the synthetic and real samples. Applications of simple and low-cost clay/AuNP composites of different characteristics as modified-electrode materials are highlighted. Four types of clay minerals, namely, platelike kaolinite (Kaol: 1:1 aluminum phyllosilicate), globular montmorillonite (Mt: 2:1 aluminum phyllosilicate), globular bentonite (Bent: 2:1 aluminum phyllosilicate), and fibrous sepiolite (Sep: 2:1 inverted ribbons of magnesium phyllosilicate), were selected as the base materials. Due to the distinct characteristics of the selected clay, the derived clay/AuNP composites resulted in different physical morphologies, AuNP sizes and loadings, matrix hydrophobicity, and active AChE loading per electrode. These, in turn, caused divergent electrochemical responses for the pesticide determination; hence, no other enzymes apart from AChE were necessary for the fabrication of distinct biosensors. Physical and chemical characterizations of clay/AuNPs were conducted using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. The electrochemical information was recorded by cyclic voltammetry and amperometry techniques. The enzyme inhibition results obtained from the pesticides were treated and used as input data to obtain PCA results. The four fabricated clay/AuNPs/AChE biosensors were able to discriminate chlorpyrifos and carbaryl and their concentration levels for synthetic pesticides and real samples. It was disclosed that a high enzyme inhibition and a high hydrophobic modified-electrode material affect a highly sensitive pesticide biosensor. The hydrophobic/hydrophilic character of the modified-electrode material plays a major role in discriminating the pesticide types and their concentration levels by the proposed single-enzyme sensor system. The PCA results illustrated that PC2 described the different types of pesticides, and PC1 showed the level of pesticide concentration with high first two principal components. The mixed pesticides could be identified at an especially low total concentration of 0.5 ng/mL in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angkana Phongphut
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Bralee Chayasombat
- National
Metal and Materials Technology Center, Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Pathumthani12120, Thailand
| | | | - Muenduen Phisalaphong
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Seeroong Prichanont
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Chanchana Thanachayanont
- National
Metal and Materials Technology Center, Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Pathumthani12120, Thailand
| | - Thanawee Chodjarusawad
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Science, Burapha
University, Long-Hard Bangsaen Road, Chonburi20131, Thailand
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15
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Dolai M, Pakrashy S, Ghosh AK, Biswas S, Konar S, Alasmary FA, Almalki AS, Islam MA. Competent DNA binder pentagonal bipyramidal Fe(II) complex executed as a proficient catalyst for primary carbamates production from alcohols and urea. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Oliveira JM, Condessa SS, Destro ALF, Lima GDA, do Carmo Cupertino M, Cardoso SA, Freitas MB, de Oliveira LL. Morphophysiological alterations in fruit-eating bats after oral exposure to deltamethrin. Int J Exp Pathol 2022; 103:219-230. [PMID: 36059214 PMCID: PMC9482353 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Deltamethrin (DTM) is a synthetic pyrethroid widely used in the cultivation and management of several crops due to its insecticidal action. Application to crops of pyrethroids such as DTM can result in the exposure of water and fruit consumed by fruit bats having a high pyrethroid content which may be harmful. Therefore the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of short-term oral exposure of the fruit-eating bats (Artibeus lituratus) to two concentrations of DTM (0.02 and 0.04 mg/kg of papaya) on histopathology of the intestine, liver and kidney. The intestine of the animals exposed to both concentrations showed inflammatory infiltrate, degeneration, necrosis and goblet cell hyperplasia as the most frequent pathologies. Besides, the acid mucins showed an increase in the frequency of non-viable cells. The liver showed hepatocyte vacuolizatio and nuclear enlargement, as well as inflammatory infiltrate and steatosis. The kidneys of the exposed animals showed and inflammatory infiltrate, benign nephrosclerosis, vacuolization and necrosis. Also, DTM reduced nitric oxide synthesis, decreased glomerular diameter and increased glycogen percentage in the proximal tubules. Our results suggest that acute exposure to DTM at low concentrations has the potential to induce pronounced histopathological changes in vital organs, such as intestine, liver and kidney of fruit-eating bats.
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17
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Ge J, Yang L, Li Z, Wan Y, Mao D, Deng R, Zhou Q, Yang Y, Tan W. A colorimetric smartphone-based platform for pesticides detection using Fe-N/C single-atom nanozyme as oxidase mimetics. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 436:129199. [PMID: 35643002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel highly sensitive colorimetric platform has been designed for malathion assay based on Fe-N/C SAzyme. The as-synthesized SAzyme can directly oxidize 3,3´,5,5´-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to generate blue colored oxidized TMB. L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate (AA2P), a substrate of acid phosphatase (ACP), could be hydrolyzed to AA, thereafter inhibit the oxidization reaction of TMB, leading to a conspicuous blue color fading. With the addition of malathion hindered the ACP activity and limited the AA production, resulting in the recovery of the catalytic activity of single-atom nanozyme. Under optimized operational conditions, a novel colorimetric assay has been designed for malathion detection with LOD of 0.42 nM. Besides, quantification of malathion in environmental and food samples was achieved based on the proposed strategy. In addition, the successfully integrated paper/smartphone sensor provided sensitive, and rapid, reliable detection of malathion with a LOD of 1 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ge
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Like Yang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhaohui Li
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yi Wan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marine College, State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Dongsheng Mao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Ruijie Deng
- China College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center and Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology of Ministry of Education of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Yu Yang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.
| | - Weihong Tan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.
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18
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A Multicomponent Butyrylcholinesterase Preparation for Enzyme Inhibition-Based Assay of Organophosphorus Pesticides. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12060643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A new method of producing butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) preparations, stable in storage and use, has been proposed. The BChE preparation is the enzyme co-immobilized with 0.2 M 5-5′-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) in starch or gelatin gel. All experimental preparations retain enzyme activity for at least 300 d. The preparations based on gelatin gel show higher activity but lower sensitivity to the toxicants tested in this study compared to the starch gel-based preparations. A method has been proposed for integrated detection of anti-cholinesterase substances in aqueous solutions using the experimental preparation with immobilized BChE. After the additional incubation of the preparation with the immobilized enzyme in the solution of the analyte, the detection limits of malathion and pirimiphos-methyl determined using the IC20 values were below their maximum allowable concentrations—0.005 µM and 0.03 µM, respectively.
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19
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Baetz N, Schmidt TC, Tuerk J. High-performance thin-layer chromatography in combination with an acetylcholinesterase-inhibition bioassay with pre-oxidation of organothiophosphates to determine neurotoxic effects in storm, waste, and surface water. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:4167-4178. [PMID: 35583680 PMCID: PMC9124651 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04068-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pesticides such as organothiophosphates (OTPs) are neurotoxically active and enter the aquatic environment. Bioassays, using acetylcholinesterase (AChE), a suitable substrate and reactant, can be applied for the photometric detection of AChE-inhibiton (AChE-I) effects. The oxidized forms of OTPs, so-called oxons, have higher inhibition potentials for AChE. Therefore, a higher sensitivity is achieved for application of oxidized samples to the AChE assay. In this study, the oxidation of malathion, parathion, and chlorpyrifos by n-bromosuccinimide (NBS) was investigated in an approach combining high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) with an AChE-I assay. Two AChE application approaches, immersion and spraying, were compared regarding sensitivity, precision, and general feasibility of the OTP effect detection. The oxidation by NBS led to an activation of the OTPs and a strong increase in sensitivity similar to the oxons tested. The sensitivity and precision of the two application techniques were similar, although the spray method was slightly more sensitive to the oxidized OTPs. The 10% inhibition concentrations (IC10) for the spray approach were 0.26, 0.75, and 0.35 ng/spot for activated malathion, parathion, and chlorpyrifos, respectively. AChE-I effect recoveries in samples from a stormwater retention basin and receiving stream were between 69 and 92% for malathion, parathion, and chlorpyrifos. The overall workflow, including sample enrichment by solid-phase extraction, HPTLC, oxidation of OTPs, and AChE-I assay, was demonstrated to be suitable for the detection of AChE-I effects in native water samples. An effect of unknown origin was found in a sample from a stormwater retention basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai Baetz
- Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V. (IUTA, Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology), Bliersheimer Str. 58-60, 47229, Duisburg, Germany
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
- Center for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Torsten C Schmidt
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
- Center for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Jochen Tuerk
- Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V. (IUTA, Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology), Bliersheimer Str. 58-60, 47229, Duisburg, Germany.
- Center for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45141, Essen, Germany.
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20
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One-dimensional bimetallic PdRh alloy mesoporous nanotubes constructed for ultra-sensitive detection of carbamate pesticide. Anal Biochem 2022; 652:114726. [PMID: 35588856 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Bimetallic nanomaterials with various dimensions have been successfully explored in electrochemical biosensor to detect the carbamate pesticide. One-dimensional bimetallic nanomaterials with mesoporous, which possess bigger electrochemical active area, more catalytic active sites and faster electron transmission efficiency, may have excellent performance in electrochemical biosensor, but have been rarely reported. In order to confirm this hypothesis, one-dimensional PdRh alloy mesoporous nanotubes were prepared and applied as a platform for carbamate pesticide electrochemical detection. Upon optimum conditions, the constructed AChE sensor showed an ultrahigh sensitivity (0.279 μA/nM), a wide linear range (9.44 × 10-8 - 0.944 mg/L) and a low detection limit (9.44 × 10-8 mg/L) for carbaryl. And the biosensor exhibited outstanding anti-interference ability, precision and stability. Moreover, the actual sample detection of the biosensor has been demonstrated with a satisfactory recovery (94.01%-102.80%). The remarkable property may attribute to the integrated advantages of one-dimensional mesoporous structure and bimetallic alloy.
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Thirumurthi NA, Raghunath A, Balasubramanian S, Perumal E. Evaluation of Maghemite Nanoparticles-Induced Developmental Toxicity and Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish Embryos/Larvae. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:2349-2364. [PMID: 34297274 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02830-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Maghemite nanoparticles ([Formula: see text] NPs) have a wide array of applications in various industries including biomedical field. There is an absence of legislation globally for the regulation of the production, use, and disposal of such NPs as they are eventually dumped into the environment where these NPs might affect the living systems. This study evaluates the effect of the [Formula: see text] NP-induced developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos/larvae. The commercially available Fe2O3 NPs were purchased, and zebrafish embryos toxicity test was done by exposing embryos to various concentrations of [Formula: see text] NPs at 1 hpf and analyzed at 96 hpf. Based on the LC50 value (60.17 ppm), the sub-lethal concentrations of 40 and 60 ppm were used for further experiments. Hatching, lethality, developmental malformations, and heartbeat rate were measured in the control and treated embryos/larvae. The ionic Fe content in the media, and the larvae was quantified using ICP-MS and AAS. The biomolecular alterations in the control and treated groups were analyzed using FT-IR. The Fe ions present in the larvae were visualized using SEM-EDXS. In situ detection of AChE and apoptotic bodies was done using staining techniques. Biochemical markers (total protein content, AChE, and Na+ K+-ATPase) along with oxidants and antioxidants were assessed. A significant decrease in the heartbeat rate and hatching delay was observed in the treated groups affecting the developmental processes. Teratogenic analysis showed increased developmental deformity incidence in treated groups in a dose-dependent manner. The accumulation of Fe was evidenced from the ICP-MS, AAS, and SEM-EDXS. Alterations in AChE and Na+ K+-ATPase activity were observed along with an increment in the oxidants level with a concomitant decrease in antioxidant enzymes. These results show [Formula: see text] NP exposure leads to developmental malformation and results in the alteration of redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Azhwar Raghunath
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, India
| | | | - Ekambaram Perumal
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, India.
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22
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Fast detection of isocarbophos using bis-propargylcalix[4]arene-stabilized silver nanoparticles. ANAL SCI 2022; 38:861-867. [PMID: 35435640 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-022-00102-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Bis-propargylcalix[4]arene-stabilized silver nanoparticles (BPCA-Ag NPs), as a chemosensor for detecting an isocarbophos (ICP) pesticide in an aqueous medium, are reported in this work. The nanoparticles were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy techniques. It was observed that the BPCA-Ag NPs had a high selectivity for isocarbophos with a detection limit of 1.0 × 10-6 M. According to the result of this research, the BPCA-Ag NPs were found to be useful for the colorimetric detection of isocarbophos in an aqueous medium. It provides a new method for in situ detection of isocarbophos using host-guest interaction.
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23
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Pesticide Detection in Vegetable Crops Using Enzyme Inhibition Methods: a Comprehensive Review. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-022-02254-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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24
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Yang S, Zhao D, Xu Z, Yu H, Zhou J. Molecular understanding of acetylcholinesterase adsorption on functionalized carbon nanotubes for enzymatic biosensors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:2866-2878. [PMID: 35060980 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04997f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The immobilization of acetylcholinesterase on different nanomaterials has been widely used in the field of amperometric organophosphorus pesticide (OP) biosensors. However, the molecular adsorption mechanism of acetylcholinesterase on a nanomaterial's surface is still unclear. In this work, multiscale simulations were utilized to study the adsorption behavior of acetylcholinesterase from Torpedo californica (TcAChE) on amino-functionalized carbon nanotube (CNT) (NH2-CNT), carboxyl-functionalized CNT (COOH-CNT) and pristine CNT surfaces. The simulation results show that the active center and enzyme substrate tunnel of TcAChE are both close to and oriented toward the surface when adsorbed on the positively charged NH2-CNT, which is beneficial to the direct electron transfer (DET) and accessibility of the substrate molecule. Meanwhile, the NH2-CNT can also reduce the tunnel cost of the enzyme substrate of TcAChE, thereby further accelerating the transfer rate of the substrate from the surface or solution to the active center. However, for the cases of TcAChE adsorbed on COOH-CNT and pristine CNT, the active center and substrate tunnel are far away from the surface and face toward the solution, which is disadvantageous for the DET and transportation of enzyme substrate. These results indicate that NH2-CNT is more suitable for the immobilization of TcAChE. This work provides a better molecular understanding of the adsorption mechanism of TcAChE on functionalized CNT, and also provides theoretical guidance for the ordered immobilization of TcAChE and the design, development and improvement of TcAChE-OPs biosensors based on functionalized carbon nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjiang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.
| | - Daohui Zhao
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.
| | - Hai Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.
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25
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Mali H, Shah C, Patel DH, Trivedi U, Subramanian RB. Bio-catalytic system of metallohydrolases for remediation of neurotoxin organophosphates and applications with a future vision. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 231:111771. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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26
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Bhavadharini B, Kavimughil M, Malini B, Vallath A, Prajapati HK, Sunil CK. Recent Advances in Biosensors for Detection of Chemical Contaminants in Food — a Review. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-02213-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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27
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Analytical Evaluation of Carbamate and Organophosphate Pesticides in Human and Environmental Matrices: A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030618. [PMID: 35163876 PMCID: PMC8840499 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticides are synthetic compounds that may become environmental contaminants through their use and application. The high productivity achieved in the agricultural industry can be credited to the use and application of pesticides by way of pest and insect control. As much as pesticides have a positive impact on the agricultural industry, some disadvantages come with their application in the environment because they are intentionally toxic, and this is more towards non-target organisms. They are grouped into chlorophenols, organochlorines, synthetic pyrethroid, carbamates, and organophosphorus based on their structure. The symptoms of exposure to carbamate (CM) and organophosphates (OP) are similar, although poisoning from CM is of a shorter duration. The analytical evaluation of carbamate and organophosphate pesticides in human and environmental matrices are reviewed using suitable extraction and analytical methods.
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28
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Synthesis of fluorescent carbon quantum dots from Jatropha fruits and their application in fluorometric sensor for the detection of chlorpyrifos. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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29
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Tao H, Liu F, Ji C, Wu Y, Wang X, Shi Q. A novel electrochemical sensing platform based on the esterase extracted from kidney bean for high-sensitivity determination of organophosphorus pesticides. RSC Adv 2022; 12:5265-5274. [PMID: 35425578 PMCID: PMC8981541 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08129b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An electrochemical sensing platform using kidney bean esterase as a new detection enzyme was proposed for organophosphorus pesticide determination. The determination of trichlorfon can be easily achieved with a LOD as low as 3 ng L−1 (S/N = 3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Tao
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biopharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biopharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chun Ji
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yuangen Wu
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biopharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biopharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qili Shi
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering and Biopharmacy of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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30
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Marques F, Mitra SK. Dip-and-Fold Device: A Paper-Based Testing Platform for Rapid Assessment of Insecticides in Water Samples. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:8456-8465. [PMID: 35005921 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The contamination of water and food in agricultural areas, where an enormous volume of pesticides is widely employed to enhance crop production, is a challenging reality. The rapid assessment of these contaminants is fundamental to assure water and food quality and safety, particularly for local community members. This work presents a nonexpensive and easy-operational paper-based testing device for the fast detection of insecticides (carbamates and organophosphates) in water samples. The structural design "dip-and-fold" allows us to carry out the analysis without introducing reagents or samples. The device is prepared using different high-quality papers to support the active acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and the customized chemical formulation for colorimetric detection. The chemical principle is based on the AChE inhibition reaction and Ellman's method. The experiments using standard solutions of carbofuran, propoxur, and chlorpyriphos indicated satisfactory detection at concentrations between 0.1 and 0.0001 mM, and the color results are revealed within 10 min. Therefore, this technique represents a promising alternative for implementing low-cost and efficient water monitoring and management solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Marques
- Micro & Nano-scale Transport Laboratory, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Sushanta K Mitra
- Micro & Nano-scale Transport Laboratory, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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31
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Wabaidur SM, Siddiqui MR, Seikh AH. Graphene Oxide (GO) as Sustainable Heterogeneous Carbocatalyst for Synthesis of Organic Carbamates Using Urea and Alcohols under Mild Reaction Conditions. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Masoom Raza Siddiqui
- Chemistry Department College of Science King Saud University Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Asiful H. Seikh
- Mechanical Engineering Department Collage of Engineering King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Al- Riyadh 11421 Saudi Arabia E-mail: Correspondence
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32
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Bose S, Kumar PS, Vo DVN. A review on the microbial degradation of chlorpyrifos and its metabolite TCP. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131447. [PMID: 34467951 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) falls under the category of organophosphorus pesticides which are in huge demand in the agricultural sector. Overuse of this pesticide has led to the degradation of the quality of terrestrial and aquatic life. The chemical is moderately persistent in the environment but its primary metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) is comparatively highly persistent. Thus, it is important to degrade the chemical and there are many proposed techniques of degradation. Out of which bioremediation is considered to be highly cost-effective and efficient. Many previous studies have attempted to isolate appropriate microbial strains to degrade CPF which established the fact that chlorine atoms released while mineralising TCP inhibits further proliferation of microorganisms. Thus, it has been increasingly important to experiment with strains that can simultaneously degrade both CPF and TCP. In this review paper, the need for degrading CPF specifically the problems related to it has been discussed elaborately. Alongside these, the metabolism pathways undertaken by different kinds of microorganisms have been included. This paper also gives a detailed insight into the potential strains of microorganisms which has been confirmed through experiments conducted previously. It can be concluded that a wide range of microorganisms has to be studied to understand the possibility of applying bioremediation in wastewater treatment to remove pesticide residues. In addition to this, in the case of recalcitrant pesticides, options of treating it with hybrid techniques like bioremediation clubbed with photocatalytic biodegradation can be attempted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchali Bose
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603 110, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603 110, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603 110, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603 110, India.
| | - Dai-Viet N Vo
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
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33
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Overview of a bioremediation tool: organophosphorus hydrolase and its significant application in the food, environmental, and therapy fields. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:8241-8253. [PMID: 34665276 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11633-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades, the organophosphorus compounds had been widely used in the environment and food industries as pesticides. Owing to the life-threatening and long-lasting problems of organophosphorus insecticide (OPs), an effective detection and removal of OPs have garnered growing attention both in the scientific and practical fields in recent years. Bacterial organophosphorus hydrolases (OPHs) have been extensively studied due to their high specific activity against OPs. OPH could efficiently hydrolyze a broad range of substrates both including the OP pesticides and some nerve agents, suggesting a great potential for the remediation of OPs. In this review, the microbial identification, molecular modification, and practical application of OPHs were comprehensively discussed.Key points• Microbial OPH is a significant bioremediation tool against OPs.• Identification and molecular modification of OPH was discussed in detail.• The applications of OPH in food, environmental, and therapy fields are presented.
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34
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Mendonça-Gomes JM, da Costa Araújo AP, da Luz TM, Charlie-Silva I, Braz HLB, Jorge RJB, Ahmed MAI, Nóbrega RH, Vogel CFA, Malafaia G. Environmental impacts of COVID-19 treatment: Toxicological evaluation of azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine in adult zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 790:148129. [PMID: 34380260 PMCID: PMC8164503 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
One of the most impact issues in recent years refers to the COVID-19 pandemic, the consequences of which thousands of deaths recorded worldwide, are still inferior understood. Its impacts on the environment and aquatic biota constitute a fertile field of investigation. Thus, to predict the impact of the indiscriminate use of azithromycin (AZT) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in this pandemic context, we aim to assess their toxicological risks when isolated or in combination, using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model system. In summary, we observed that 72 h of exposure to AZT and HCQ (alone or in binary combination, both at 2.5 μg/L) induced the reduction of total protein levels, accompanied by increased levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, hydrogen peroxide, reactive oxygen species and nitrite, suggesting a REDOX imbalance and possible oxidative stress. Molecular docking analysis further supported this data by demonstrating a strong affinity of AZT and HCQ with their potential antioxidant targets (catalase and superoxide dismutase). In the protein-protein interaction network analysis, AZT showed a putative interaction with different cytochrome P450 molecules, while HCQ demonstrated interaction with caspase-3. The functional enrichment analysis also demonstrated diverse biological processes and molecular mechanisms related to the maintenance of REDOX homeostasis. Moreover, we also demonstrated an increase in the AChE activity followed by a reduction in the neuromasts of the head when zebrafish were exposed to the mixture AZT + HCQ. These data suggest a neurotoxic effect of the drugs. Altogether, our study demonstrated that short exposure to AZT, HCQ or their mixture induced physiological alterations in adult zebrafish. These effects can compromise the health of these animals, suggesting that the increase of AZT and HCQ due to COVID-19 pandemic can negatively impact freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda Pereira da Costa Araújo
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Ives Charlie-Silva
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Roberta Jeane Bezerra Jorge
- Drug Research and Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Henrique Nóbrega
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Christoph F A Vogel
- Department of Environmental Toxicology and Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal Goiano, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação de Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal Goiano, Urutaí, GO, Brazil.
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35
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Esimbekova EN, Kalyabina VP, Kopylova KV, Torgashina IG, Kratasyuk VA. Design of bioluminescent biosensors for assessing contamination of complex matrices. Talanta 2021; 233:122509. [PMID: 34215124 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The presence of potentially toxic xenobiotics in complex matrices has become rather the rule than the exception. Therefore, there is a need for highly sensitive inexpensive techniques for analyzing environmental and food matrices for toxicants. Enzymes are selectively sensitive to various toxic compounds, and, thus, they can be used as the basis for detection of contaminants in complex matrices. There are, however, a number of difficulties associated with the analysis of complex matrices using enzyme assays, including the necessity to take into account properties and effects of the natural components of the test media for accurate interpretation of results. The present study describes the six-stage procedure for designing new enzyme sensors intended for assessing the quality of complex matrices. This procedure should be followed both to achieve the highest possible sensitivity of the biosensor to potentially toxic substances and to minimize the effect of the uncontaminated components of complex mixtures on the activity of the biosensor. The proposed strategy has been tested in designing a bioluminescent biosensor for integrated rapid assessment of the safety of fruits and vegetables. The biosensor is based on the coupled enzyme system NAD(P)H:FMN-oxidoreductase and luciferase as the biorecognition element. The study describes methods and techniques for attaining the desired result in each stage. The proposed six-stage procedure for designing bioluminescent enzyme biosensors can be used to design the enzymatic biosensors based on other enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena N Esimbekova
- Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny Prospect, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia; Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia.
| | - Valeriya P Kalyabina
- Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny Prospect, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia; Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
| | - Kseniya V Kopylova
- Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny Prospect, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia
| | - Irina G Torgashina
- Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny Prospect, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia
| | - Valentina A Kratasyuk
- Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny Prospect, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia; Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia
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36
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Nephale LE, Moyo NAG, Rapatsa MM. Use of biomarkers in monitoring pollution status of urban rivers, Limpopo, South Africa. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:55116-55128. [PMID: 34128166 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14881-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the use of enzymes and histology as potential biomarkers in Sand and Blood Rivers in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Physico-chemical parameters were analyzed at sites S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5 of the Sand River and sites B1 and B2 of the Blood River. Sites S1 and B1 were selected as the reference sites and located upstream of the Polokwane and Seshego wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) effluent discharge points, respectively. Water quality parameters assessed were water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, ammonia, nitrogen, phosphorus, and pH. Sites downstream the WWTPs recorded elevated levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and ammonia. DO, ammonia, nitrogen, and phosphorus were above the targeted water quality range (TWQR) for aquatic ecosystems. The Canadian council of ministers of the environment water quality index (CCME WQI) showed that the reference sites had good water condition while sites downstream (S2, B2, S3, and S4) had poor water condition. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme activity in the brain of Clarias gariepinus from sites downstream was lower than those from sites upstream of the effluent discharge points. The liver of Clarias gariepinus from sites downstream showed higher lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme activity compared to fish caught at the reference sites. Furthermore, Clarias gariepinus from sites downstream showed a number of histological alterations in gills and liver than fish from upstream. Histological alterations observed in gills included fusion of the secondary lamellae, hyperplasia of the interlamellar, epithelial lifting of secondary lamellae, and hyperplasia of the secondary lamellae. In the liver, histological alterations observed included melanomacrophage centers (MMCs), macrovesicular steatosis, sinusoid congested with kupffer cells, nuclei pleomorphism, and vacuolation. The gill and liver indices were significantly lower at the reference sites compared to sites downstream. Evidently, AChE, LDH, and gill and liver histology can be used as early warning signs of aquatic degradation in rivers that are recipients of poorly treated sewage effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livhuwani E Nephale
- Aquaculture Research Unit, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa.
| | - Ngonidzashe A G Moyo
- Aquaculture Research Unit, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa
| | - Mmaditshaba M Rapatsa
- Aquaculture Research Unit, School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa
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37
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Zakataeva NP. Microbial 5'-nucleotidases: their characteristics, roles in cellular metabolism, and possible practical applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:7661-7681. [PMID: 34568961 PMCID: PMC8475336 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11547-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
5′-Nucleotidases (EC 3.1.3.5) are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolytic dephosphorylation of 5′-ribonucleotides and 5′-deoxyribonucleotides to their respective nucleosides and phosphate. Most 5′-nucleotidases have broad substrate specificity and are multifunctional enzymes capable of cleaving phosphorus from not only mononucleotide phosphate molecules but also a variety of other phosphorylated metabolites. 5′-Nucleotidases are widely distributed throughout all kingdoms of life and found in different cellular locations. The well-studied vertebrate 5′-nucleotidases play an important role in cellular metabolism. These enzymes are involved in purine and pyrimidine salvage pathways, nucleic acid repair, cell-to-cell communication, signal transduction, control of the ribo- and deoxyribonucleotide pools, etc. Although the first evidence of microbial 5′-nucleotidases was obtained almost 60 years ago, active studies of genetic control and the functions of microbial 5′-nucleotidases started relatively recently. The present review summarizes the current knowledge about microbial 5′-nucleotidases with a focus on their diversity, cellular localizations, molecular structures, mechanisms of catalysis, physiological roles, and activity regulation and approaches to identify new 5′-nucleotidases. The possible applications of these enzymes in biotechnology are also discussed. Key points • Microbial 5′-nucleotidases differ in molecular structure, hydrolytic mechanism, and cellular localization. • 5′-Nucleotidases play important and multifaceted roles in microbial cells. • Microbial 5′-nucleotidases have wide range of practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia P Zakataeva
- Ajinomoto-Genetika Research Institute, 1st Dorozhny Proezd, b.1-1, Moscow, 117545, Russia.
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Guo Z, Quan HH, Chen C, Zeng C, Qian Z, Li M. Isolation and Purification of Organophosphorus Hydrolases Secreted from Acetone-acclimated Phosphorus Accumulating Organisms and Study of Their Properties for Hydrophobic Organophosphorus Sensor. ANAL SCI 2021; 37:1253-1258. [PMID: 33612559 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.21p001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The present work studied an acclimation method for phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) with a high content of acetone in culture solutions to develop microbial-based enzyme sensors for highly hydrophobic organophosphorus (OP) pesticides. Through three steps of cultivation and acclimation, only rod-shaped bacteria survived among the various PAOs. The extracellular enzymes released from the acclimated PAOs were salted out by using ammonium sulfate, then purified by a dialysis membrane and a DEAE-Sepharose FF anion exchange column. Two enzyme components were successfully separated-both of which showed hydrolase activity on disodium p-nitrophenyl phosphate (enzyme I, 1.57 μmol/(min·μg); enzyme II, 0.88 μmol/(min·μg) at 45°C). Further, SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis results showed that the molecular weights of enzymes I and II were about 15.11 and 11.98 kDa, respectively. On this basis, the applicability of the enzyme in hydrophobic OP biosensors was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixian Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University
| | - Hong Hua Quan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University
| | - Chuanpin Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University
| | | | | | - Ming Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University
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Bordbar MM, Sheini A, Hashemi P, Hajian A, Bagheri H. Disposable Paper-Based Biosensors for the Point-of-Care Detection of Hazardous Contaminations-A Review. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:316. [PMID: 34562906 PMCID: PMC8464915 DOI: 10.3390/bios11090316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The fast detection of trace amounts of hazardous contaminations can prevent serious damage to the environment. Paper-based sensors offer a new perspective on the world of analytical methods, overcoming previous limitations by fabricating a simple device with valuable benefits such as flexibility, biocompatibility, disposability, biodegradability, easy operation, large surface-to-volume ratio, and cost-effectiveness. Depending on the performance type, the device can be used to analyze the analyte in the liquid or vapor phase. For liquid samples, various structures (including a dipstick, as well as microfluidic and lateral flow) have been constructed. Paper-based 3D sensors are prepared by gluing and folding different layers of a piece of paper, being more user-friendly, due to the combination of several preparation methods, the integration of different sensor elements, and the connection between two methods of detection in a small set. Paper sensors can be used in chromatographic, electrochemical, and colorimetric processes, depending on the type of transducer. Additionally, in recent years, the applicability of these sensors has been investigated in various applications, such as food and water quality, environmental monitoring, disease diagnosis, and medical sciences. Here, we review the development (from 2010 to 2021) of paper methods in the field of the detection and determination of toxic substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Bordbar
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19945, Iran;
| | - Azarmidokht Sheini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shohadaye Hoveizeh Campus of Technology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Dashte Azadegan 78986, Iran;
| | - Pegah Hashemi
- Research and Development Department, Farin Behbood Tashkhis Ltd., Tehran 16471, Iran;
| | - Ali Hajian
- Institute of Sensor and Actuator Systems, TU Wien, Gusshausstrasse 27-29, 1040 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Hasan Bagheri
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19945, Iran;
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Oliveira JMD, Lima GDDA, Destro ALF, Condessa S, Zuanon JAS, Freitas MB, Oliveira LLD. Short-term intake of deltamethrin-contaminated fruit, even at low concentrations, induces testicular damage in fruit-eating bats (Artibeus lituratus). CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 278:130423. [PMID: 33819891 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Deltamethrin (DTM) is a pyrethroid insecticide widely used for agricultural purposes. Exposure to DTM has proven to be harmful to humans, but whether low, environmental concentrations of this pesticide also poses a threat to wild mammals is still unknown. In Neotropical areas, bats play important roles in contributing to forest regeneration. We investigated the effects of DTM exposure on the reproductive function of male Neotropical fruit-eating bats (Artibeus lituratus), known for contributing to reforestation through seed dispersal in Neotropical Forests. Bats were assigned to 3 groups: control (fed with papaya); DTM2 (fed with papaya treated with DTM at 0.02 mg/kg) and DTM4 (fed with papaya treated with DTM at 0.04 mg/kg) for seven days. Bats from DTM2 and DTM4 groups showed increased testicular levels of nitric oxide and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. The germinal epithelium from DTM4 bats showed non-viable cells and cell desquamation, indicating microscopic lesions and Leydig cells atrophy. Our results demonstrate the onset of cell degeneration that may affect the reproductive function in DTM exposed bats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerusa Maria de Oliveira
- Departament of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, S/n - Campus Universitário, Viçosa - MG, 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Graziela Domingues de Almeida Lima
- Departament of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, S/n - Campus Universitário, Viçosa - MG, 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Fonseca Destro
- Departament of Animal Biology - Federal University of Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, S/n - Campus Universitário, Viçosa - MG, 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Suellen Condessa
- Departament of Animal Biology - Federal University of Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, S/n - Campus Universitário, Viçosa - MG, 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Jener Alexandre Sampaio Zuanon
- Departament of Animal Biology - Federal University of Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, S/n - Campus Universitário, Viçosa - MG, 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Mariella Bontempo Freitas
- Departament of Animal Biology - Federal University of Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, S/n - Campus Universitário, Viçosa - MG, 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Leandro Licursi de Oliveira
- Departament of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, S/n - Campus Universitário, Viçosa - MG, 36570-900, MG, Brazil.
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Toptanci İ, Kiralan M, Ramadan MF. Levels of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables in the Turkish domestic markets. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:39451-39457. [PMID: 33759100 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13538-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, pesticide residues in 493 fruit and vegetable samples obtained from markets in Turkey were detected after QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) extraction followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with electron spray ionization (LC-ESI/MS/MS) and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS/MS). Validation of the method was tested based on the European Union SANTE/12682/2019 guidelines. The samples were analyzed to determine the concentrations of 500 pesticide residues. The results indicated that 254 samples of 493 samples contaminated with pesticides, only 22% contained pesticide residues at or below maximum residue limits (MRLs), and 30% contained pesticide residues above MRLs. Chlorpyrifos was the most common pesticide (105 samples) from the detected pesticides; 49 samples were found above to MRLs with concentrations of 0.011-2.001 mg/kg. Among samples, peach (88%), dill (84%), mushroom (83%), arugula (73%), and spinach (72%) were the crops with the higher percentages of pesticide residues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mustafa Kiralan
- Engineering Faculty, Food Engineering Department, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan
- Agricultural Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Khaledian S, Noroozi-Aghideh A, Kahrizi D, Moradi S, Abdoli M, Ghasemalian AH, Heidari MF. Rapid detection of diazinon as an organophosphorus poison in real samples using fluorescence carbon dots. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2021.108676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Kasatkina SO, Geyl KK, Baykov SV, Boyarskaya IA, Boyarskiy VP. Catalyst-free synthesis of substituted pyridin-2-yl, quinolin-2-yl, and isoquinolin-1-yl carbamates from the corresponding hetaryl ureas and alcohols. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:6059-6065. [PMID: 34137410 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00783a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel catalyst-free synthesis of N-pyridin-2-yl, N-quinolin-2-yl, and N-isoquinolin-1-yl carbamates utilizes easily accessible N-hetaryl ureas and alcohols. The proposed environmentally friendly technique is suitable for the good-to-high yielding synthesis of a wide range of N-pyridin-2-yl or N-quinolin-2-yl substituted carbamates featuring electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups in the azine rings and containing various primary, secondary, and even tertiary alkyl substituents at the oxygen atom (48-94%; 31 examples). The DFT calculation and experimental study showed that the reaction proceeds through the intermediate formation of hetaryl isocyanates. The method can be applied to obtain N-isoquinolin-1-yl carbamates, although in lower yields, and ethyl benzo[h]quinolin-2-yl carbamate has also been successfully synthesized (68%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana O Kasatkina
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Kirill K Geyl
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Sergey V Baykov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Irina A Boyarskaya
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Vadim P Boyarskiy
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab., 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia.
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Esimbekova EN, Torgashina IG, Kalyabina VP, Kratasyuk VA. Enzymatic Biotesting: Scientific Basis and Application. CONTEMP PROBL ECOL+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1995425521030069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Li J, Xie X, Cai J, Wang H, Yang J. Enhanced Secretory Expression and Surface Display Level of Bombyx mori Acetylcholinesterase 2 by Pichia pastoris Based on Codon Optimization Strategy for Pesticides Setection. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:3321-3335. [PMID: 34160750 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03597-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The cholinesterase-based spectrophotometric assay, also called enzyme inhibition method, is a good choice for rapid detection of organophosphate pesticides (OPs) and carbamate pesticides (CPs). Obviously, the cholinesterase is the core reagent in enzyme inhibition method. In our previous work, a recombinant acetylcholinesterase 2 from Bombyx mori (rBmAChE2) was expressed in yeast successfully and exhibited great sensitivity. However, the yield of rBmAChE2 is not desirable. In this study, a codon optimization strategy was employed to enhance the yield of rBmAChE2 in Pichia pastoris GS115. Results showed that by replacing 6 key rare codons and increasing the percentage of bases G and C up to 46.85%, codon adaptation index (CAI) of Bombyx mori acetylcholinesterase 2 (bmace2) gene was improved from 0.70 to 0.81. After being transformed into Pichia pastoris GS115 via electroporation, the expression transformant can produce 139.7 U/mL secretory codon-optimized rBmAChE2 (opt-rBmAChE2) in the culture supernatant, 3.62 times higher than that of strain bearing the wild-type bmace2 gene. Meanwhile, opt-rBmAChE2 displayed on the yeast surface was up to 2280.02 U/g, 2.8 times higher than wild-type displayed rBmAChE2. In addition, either secretory or surface-displayed opt-rBmAChE2 maintained the similar sensitivities to the wild-type rBmAChE2 for tested inhibitors. Furthermore, the detection limits of the opt-rBmAChE2-based enzyme inhibition method for 10 kinds of OPs or CPs (0.01-2.69 mg/kg) were lower than most of the indexes present in current standard method (GB/T 5009.199-2003) or the maximum residue limits (GB 2763-2019) in China. The results might contribute to the utilization of rBmAChE2 for pesticide residue screening detection in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.,College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinyi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Processing and Safety Control of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
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Fauzi NIM, Fen YW, Omar NAS, Hashim HS. Recent Advances on Detection of Insecticides Using Optical Sensors. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:3856. [PMID: 34204853 PMCID: PMC8199770 DOI: 10.3390/s21113856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Insecticides are enormously important to industry requirements and market demands in agriculture. Despite their usefulness, these insecticides can pose a dangerous risk to the safety of food, environment and all living things through various mechanisms of action. Concern about the environmental impact of repeated use of insecticides has prompted many researchers to develop rapid, economical, uncomplicated and user-friendly analytical method for the detection of insecticides. In this regards, optical sensors are considered as favorable methods for insecticides analysis because of their special features including rapid detection time, low cost, easy to use and high selectivity and sensitivity. In this review, current progresses of incorporation between recognition elements and optical sensors for insecticide detection are discussed and evaluated well, by categorizing it based on insecticide chemical classes, including the range of detection and limit of detection. Additionally, this review aims to provide powerful insights to researchers for the future development of optical sensors in the detection of insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Illya Muhamad Fauzi
- Functional Devices Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.I.M.F.); (N.A.S.O.)
| | - Yap Wing Fen
- Functional Devices Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.I.M.F.); (N.A.S.O.)
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Alia Sheh Omar
- Functional Devices Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.I.M.F.); (N.A.S.O.)
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Hazwani Suhaila Hashim
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
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Photocatalytic Degradation of Trifluralin in Aqueous Solutions by UV/S2O82− and UV/ZnO Processes: A Comparison of Removal Efficiency and Cost Estimation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/9964291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Trifluralin is one of the most widely used herbicides, being accounted as the cause of cancer in human. In the present research, the UV/S2O82− and ZnO/UV processes’ efficiency in the removal of trifluralin was investigated. A lab scale equipped with a UV lamp was applied. The parameters were studied, including initial trifluralin concentration (0.4–1.2 mg/L), contact time (20–60 min), S2O82− concentration (20–60 μM), and ZnO concentration (50–150 mg/L). The remained trifluralin concentration was measured by HPLC. This study proved the trifluralin removal of 92.90 ± 1.6% and 87.91 ± 19.22% for UV/S2O82− and UV/ZnO processes in the best operation conditions (contact time of 60 min, the persulfate concentration of 40 μM, and the ZnO concentration of 100 mg/L). The optimal trifluraline concentrations were 1.2 mg/L and 0.6 mg/L for UV/S2O82− and UV/ZnO processes, respectively. In both processes, the removal efficiency of trifluralin increased significantly with increasing contact time. The findings exhibited that both processes UV/S2O82− and UV/ZnO followed the zero-order kinetic. The electrical energy consumed of UV/S2O82 and UV/ZnO was about 43.95 and 20.41 Kwh/kg, respectively. The results show that UV/S2O82− and ZnO/UV processes were appropriate as the effective treatment method for trifluralin removal. Therefore, it is proposed to study the performance of these processes as an environmentally friendly practice in full scale with real wastewater.
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Levine M. Fluorescence-Based Sensing of Pesticides Using Supramolecular Chemistry. Front Chem 2021; 9:616815. [PMID: 33937184 PMCID: PMC8085505 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.616815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The detection of pesticides in real-world environments is a high priority for a broad range of applications, including in areas of public health, environmental remediation, and agricultural sustainability. While many methods for pesticide detection currently exist, the use of supramolecular fluorescence-based methods has significant practical advantages. Herein, we will review the use of fluorescence-based pesticide detection methods, with a particular focus on supramolecular chemistry-based methods. Illustrative examples that show how such methods have achieved success in real-world environments are also included, as are areas highlighted for future research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mindy Levine
- Ariel University, Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel, Israel
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49
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Abstract
The present study demonstrates a simple approach to enhancing thermal stability of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) by using natural polymers. Analysis of thermal inactivation of the tetrameric BChE in starch and gelatin gels at 50–64 °C showed that thermal inactivation followed second-order kinetics and involved two alternating processes of BChE inactivation, which occurred at different rates (fast and slow processes). The activation enthalpy ΔH# and the activation entropy ΔS# for BChE in starch and gelatin gels were evaluated. The values of ΔH# for the fast and the slow thermal inactivation of BChE in starch gel were 61 ± 3, and 22 ± 2 kcal/mol, respectively, and the values of ΔS# were 136 ± 12 and −2.03 ± 0.05 cal∙K−1∙mol−1, respectively. Likewise, the values of ΔH# for BChE in gelatin gel were 58 ± 6 and 109 ± 11 kcal/mol, and the values of ΔS# were 149 ± 16 and 262 ± 21 cal∙K−1∙mol−1, respectively. The values of the activation parameters obtained in this study suggest that starch gel produced a stronger stabilizing effect on BChE exposed to elevated temperatures over long periods compared with gelatin gel.
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Zhao H, Wang Y, Guo M, Liu Y, Yu H, Xing M. Environmentally relevant concentration of cypermethrin or/and sulfamethoxazole induce neurotoxicity of grass carp: Involvement of blood-brain barrier, oxidative stress and apoptosis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 762:143054. [PMID: 33127128 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In water environment, the interaction between environmental pollutants is very complex, among which pesticides and antibiotics are dominant. However, most studies only focus on individual toxic effects, rather combined. In this study, the sub-chronic exposure effect of cypermethrin (CMN, 0.65 μg/L), sulfamethoxazole (SMZ, 0.30 μg/L) and their mixture on grass crap (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) was investigated. The brain tight junction, oxidative stress and apoptosis-related indices were determined after 42 days of exposure. In terms of brain function, acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) activity was significantly inhibited by CMN, SMZ and their mixtures during exposure periods. Obvious histological damage from cellular and subcellular levels were also observed, which were further confirmed by a decrease in tight junction protein levels. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) contents were significantly increased by individual compounds and mixtures, in which the content of glutathione (GSH) displayed the opposite trend. In mechanism, nuclear factor (erythrocyte derived 2) like 2(Nrf2) pathway was activated, which may trigger cellular protection to cope with CMN and SMZ exposure. However, apoptosis was also detected from the level of mRNA and histochemistry. In general, these two exogenous induced similar biological responses. The neurotoxicity of CMN was strengthened by SMZ with regard to these indices in most cases and vice versa. This study will reveal the potential co-ecological risks of pesticide and antibiotic in the aquatic organism, and provide basic data for their safety and risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjing Zhao
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Menghao Guo
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Yachen Liu
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Hongxian Yu
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China.
| | - Mingwei Xing
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China.
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