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Zhang W, Nilles TL, Bream JH, Li H, Malash E, Langan S, Leng SX, Margolick JB. Breadth and polyfunctionality of T cell responses to human cytomegalovirus in men who have sex with men: relationship with HIV infection and frailty. J Virol 2024:e0116724. [PMID: 39230302 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01167-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-seropositive adults have large T cell responses to a wide range of CMV proteins; these responses have been associated with chronic inflammation and frailty in people with or without HIV infection. We analyzed the relationships between chronic HIV infection, frailty, and the breadth and polyfunctionality of CD4 and CD8 T cell responses to CMV. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 42 men (20 without HIV and 22 with virologically suppressed HIV) in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) were stimulated with peptide pools spanning 19 CMV open reading frames (ORFs). As measured by flow cytometry and intracellular cytokine staining for IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2, CD8 T cells from men with HIV responded to significantly more CMV ORFs than those from men without HIV. This was primarily due to a broader response to ORFs that are expressed during the late phase of CMV replication. The number of ORFs to which a participant's T cells responded was positively correlated with the sum of all that individual's T cell responses; these correlations were weaker in men with than without HIV. Polyfunctional CMV-specific CD4 responses (production of more than one cytokine) were significantly lower in men with than without HIV. Frailty status did not substantially affect the breadth or magnitude of the CMV-specific T cell responses. These results suggest that immune control of CMV infection is affected more by chronic HIV infection than by frailty. The differences between men with and without HIV were similar to those reported between young and older adults without HIV. IMPORTANCE T cell responses to chronic cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection have significant biological and clinical implications in HIV infection and aging. Here, we systematically analyzed the breadth, magnitude, and polyfunctionality of T cell responses to multiple CMV antigens in men with and without HIV in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), a longstanding study of the natural and treated history of HIV-1 infection in men who have sex with men. We found that the breadth and polyfunctionality of T cell responses to CMV were different between men with chronic, treated HIV and those without HIV. The reason for these differences is unknown, but these findings suggest that people with treated HIV may have more frequent CMV reactivation than people without HIV. Differences between people with and without HIV also resembled differences reported between young and older adults without HIV, supporting a role for the immune responses to CMV in the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiying Zhang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tricia L Nilles
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jay H Bream
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Huifen Li
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Immune Remodeling, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Eslam Malash
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Immune Remodeling, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Susan Langan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sean X Leng
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Immune Remodeling, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joseph B Margolick
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Nuszkiewicz J, Kukulska-Pawluczuk B, Piec K, Jarek DJ, Motolko K, Szewczyk-Golec K, Woźniak A. Intersecting Pathways: The Role of Metabolic Dysregulation, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, and Inflammation in Acute Ischemic Stroke Pathogenesis and Outcomes. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4258. [PMID: 39064298 PMCID: PMC11278353 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13144258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains a major cause of mortality and long-term disability worldwide, driven by complex and multifaceted etiological factors. Metabolic dysregulation, gastrointestinal microbiome alterations, and systemic inflammation are emerging as significant contributors to AIS pathogenesis. This review addresses the critical need to understand how these factors interact to influence AIS risk and outcomes. We aim to elucidate the roles of dysregulated adipokines in obesity, the impact of gut microbiota disruptions, and the neuroinflammatory cascade initiated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in AIS. Dysregulated adipokines in obesity exacerbate inflammatory responses, increasing AIS risk and severity. Disruptions in the gut microbiota and subsequent LPS-induced neuroinflammation further link systemic inflammation to AIS. Advances in neuroimaging and biomarker development have improved diagnostic precision. Here, we highlight the need for a multifaceted approach to AIS management, integrating metabolic, microbiota, and inflammatory insights. Potential therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways could significantly improve AIS prevention and treatment. Future research should focus on further elucidating these pathways and developing targeted interventions to mitigate the impacts of metabolic dysregulation, microbiome imbalances, and inflammation on AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Nuszkiewicz
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Beata Kukulska-Pawluczuk
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 9 M. Skłodowskiej—Curie St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (B.K.-P.); (K.P.)
| | - Katarzyna Piec
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 9 M. Skłodowskiej—Curie St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (B.K.-P.); (K.P.)
| | - Dorian Julian Jarek
- Student Research Club of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Karina Motolko
- Student Research Club of Neurology, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 9 M. Skłodowskiej—Curie St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Karolina Szewczyk-Golec
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Alina Woźniak
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 24 Karłowicza St., 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
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Ding M, Yan J, Chen Y, Liu J, Chao G, Zhang S. Changes in M6A methylation: A key factor in the vicious cycle of flora -gut aging. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102351. [PMID: 38820855 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
The aging process significantly impacts the gastrointestinal tract and various bodily systems, exacerbating age-related diseases. Research suggests a correlation between an imbalance in intestinal flora and gut aging, yet the precise mechanism remains incompletely elucidated. Epigenetic modifications, particularly m6A methylation, play a pivotal role in driving aging and are closely associated with gut aging. Maintaining a healthy balance of intestinal microbes is contingent upon m6A methylation, which is believed to be crucial in the vicious cycle of gut aging and intestinal flora. This article highlights the importance of m6A methylation in the nexus between gut aging and flora. It proposes the potential for targeted m6A methylation to break the vicious cycle of gut aging and flora imbalance, offering novel perspectives on attenuating or reversing gut aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglu Ding
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (The Xin Hua Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Hangzhou, PR China; Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, PR China
| | - Junbin Yan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (The Xin Hua Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Hangzhou, PR China; Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (The Xin Hua Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Hangzhou, PR China; Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, PR China
| | - Jinguo Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (The Xin Hua Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Hangzhou, PR China; Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, PR China
| | - Guanqun Chao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (The Xin Hua Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Hangzhou, PR China; Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, PR China.
| | - Shuo Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (The Xin Hua Hospital of Zhejiang Province), Hangzhou, PR China; Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, PR China.
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Zhang H, Hong Y, Wu T, Ben E, Li S, Hu L, Xie T. Role of gut microbiota in regulating immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for glioblastoma. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1401967. [PMID: 38915399 PMCID: PMC11194316 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1401967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant, invasive, and poorly prognosed brain tumor. Unfortunately, active comprehensive treatment does not significantly prolong patient survival. With the deepening of research, it has been found that gut microbiota plays a certain role in GBM, and can directly or indirectly affect the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in various ways. (1) The metabolites produced by gut microbiota directly affect the host's immune homeostasis, and these metabolites can affect the function and distribution of immune cells, promote or inhibit inflammatory responses, affect the phenotype, angiogenesis, inflammatory response, and immune cell infiltration of GBM cells, thereby affecting the effectiveness of ICIs. (2) Some members of the gut microbiota may reverse T cell function inhibition, increase T cell anti-tumor activity, and ultimately improve the efficacy of ICIs by targeting specific immunosuppressive metabolites and cytokines. (3) Some members of the gut microbiota directly participate in the metabolic process of drugs, which can degrade, transform, or produce metabolites, affecting the effective concentration and bioavailability of drugs. Optimizing the structure of the gut microbiota may help improve the efficacy of ICIs. (4) The gut microbiota can also regulate immune cell function and inflammatory status in the brain through gut brain axis communication, indirectly affecting the progression of GBM and the therapeutic response to ICIs. (5) Given the importance of gut microbiota for ICI therapy, researchers have begun exploring the use of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to transplant healthy or optimized gut microbiota to GBM patients, in order to improve their immune status and enhance their response to ICI therapy. Preliminary studies suggest that FMT may enhance the efficacy of ICI therapy in some patients. In summary, gut microbiota plays a crucial role in regulating ICIs in GBM, and with a deeper understanding of the relationship between gut microbiota and tumor immunity, it is expected to develop more precise and effective personalized ICI therapy strategies for GBM, in order to improve patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Department of Health Management, Hubei Cancer Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Eyi Ben
- Department of Oncology, Yidu People’s Hospital, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liu Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Gusev E, Sarapultsev A. Exploring the Pathophysiology of Long COVID: The Central Role of Low-Grade Inflammation and Multisystem Involvement. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6389. [PMID: 38928096 PMCID: PMC11204317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Long COVID (LC), also referred to as Post COVID-19 Condition, Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (PASC), and other terms, represents a complex multisystem disease persisting after the acute phase of COVID-19. Characterized by a myriad of symptoms across different organ systems, LC presents significant diagnostic and management challenges. Central to the disorder is the role of low-grade inflammation, a non-classical inflammatory response that contributes to the chronicity and diversity of symptoms observed. This review explores the pathophysiological underpinnings of LC, emphasizing the importance of low-grade inflammation as a core component. By delineating the pathogenetic relationships and clinical manifestations of LC, this article highlights the necessity for an integrated approach that employs both personalized medicine and standardized protocols aimed at mitigating long-term consequences. The insights gained not only enhance our understanding of LC but also inform the development of therapeutic strategies that could be applicable to other chronic conditions with similar pathophysiological features.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexey Sarapultsev
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 620049 Ekaterinburg, Russia;
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Liu C, Yan Z, Zhang X, Xia T, Ashaolu JO, Olatunji OJ, Ashaolu TJ. Food-derived bioactive peptides potentiating therapeutic intervention in rheumatoid arthritis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31104. [PMID: 38778960 PMCID: PMC11109807 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that affects the joints of the human body and is projected to have a prevalence age-standardized rate of 1.5 million new cases worldwide by 2030. Several conventional and non-conventional preventive and therapeutic interventions have been suggested but they have their side effects including nausea, abdominal pain, liver damage, ulcers, heightened blood pressure, coagulation, and bleeding. Interestingly, several food-derived peptides (FDPs) from both plant and animal sources are increasingly gaining a reputation for their potential in the management or therapy of RA with little or no side effects. In this review, the concept of inflammation, its major types (acute and chronic), and RA identified as a chronic type were discussed based on its pathogenesis and pathophysiology. The conventional treatment options for RA were briefly outlined as the backdrop of introducing the FDPs that potentiate therapeutic effects in the management of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Liu
- Second People's Hospital of Wuhu City, 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Zheng Yan
- Second People's Hospital of Wuhu City, 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaohai Zhang
- Second People's Hospital of Wuhu City, 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Taibao Xia
- Second People's Hospital of Wuhu City, 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Joseph Opeoluwa Ashaolu
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Redeemers University, PMB 230, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria
| | | | - Tolulope Joshua Ashaolu
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam
- Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Viet Nam
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Nguyen NHT, Phan HT, Le PM, Nguyen LHT, Do TT, Phan TPT, Van Le T, Dang TM, Phan CNL, Dang TLT, Truong NH. Safety and efficacy of autologous adipose tissue-derived stem cell transplantation in aging-related low-grade inflammation patients: a single-group, open-label, phase I clinical trial. Trials 2024; 25:309. [PMID: 38715140 PMCID: PMC11077870 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-08128-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflamm-aging is associated with the rate of aging and is significantly related to diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, atherosclerosis, heart disease, and age-related degenerative diseases such as type II diabetes and osteoporosis. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficiency of autologous adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell (AD-MSC) transplantation in aging-related low-grade inflammation patients. METHODS This study is a single-group, open-label, phase I clinical trial in which patients treated with 2 infusions (100 million cells i.v) of autologous AD-MSCs were initially evaluated in 12 inflamm-aging patients who concurrently had highly proinflammatory cytokines and 2 of the following 3 diseases: diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity. The treatment effects were evaluated based on plasma cytokines. RESULTS During the study's follow-up period, no adverse effects were observed in AD-MSC injection patients. Compared to baseline (D-44), the inflammatory cytokines IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-6, and TNF-α were significantly reduced after 180 days (D180) of MSC infusion. IL-4/IL-10 at 90 days (D90) and IL-2/IL-10 at D180 increased, reversing the imbalance between proinflammatory and inflammatory ratios in the patients. CONCLUSION AD-MSCs represent a potential intervention to prevent age-related inflammation in patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov number is NCT05827757, first registered on 13th Oct 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hao Thanh Phan
- DNA International General Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Phong Minh Le
- DNA International General Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | | | - Thuy Thi Do
- DNA International General Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | | | - Trinh Van Le
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Application, University of Science, VNU HCM, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
- Viet Nam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Minh Dang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Application, University of Science, VNU HCM, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
- Viet Nam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Chinh-Nhan Lu Phan
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Science, VNU HCM, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
- Viet Nam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Tung-Loan Thi Dang
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, VNU HCM, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
- Viet Nam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Nhung Hai Truong
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, VNU HCM, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.
- Viet Nam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.
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Vilmosh N, Georgieva-Kotetarova M, Kandilarov I, Zlatanova-Tenisheva H, Murdjeva M, Kirina V, Dimitrova S, Katsarova M, Denev P, Kostadinova I. Anti-inflammatory and in vitro antioxidant activities of Satureja montana dry extract. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2024; 66:114-122. [PMID: 38426473 DOI: 10.3897/folmed.66.e115800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many chronic somatic and psychiatric diseases are associated with oxidative stress and inflammation, both of which have detrimental effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Petko Denev
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Opryshko V, Prokhach A, Akimov O, Riabushko M, Kostenko H, Kostenko V, Mishchenko A, Solovyova N, Kostenko V. Desmodium styracifolium: Botanical and ethnopharmacological insights, phytochemical investigations, and prospects in pharmacology and pharmacotherapy. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25058. [PMID: 38317880 PMCID: PMC10838797 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this inquiry is to provide a conprehensive summary and analysis of the literature concerning the pharmacological properties of components that can be extracted from Desmodium styracifolium, a preparation in Chinese medicine. This study also aims to explore their potential application in elaborating medicinal products for the effective prevention and treatment of such conditions as urolithiasis, cholelithiasis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, pro-oxidant and inflammatory processes, etc. Several experimental studies confirmed the potential of D. styracifolium to influence mineral metabolism, to decrease the concentration of constituents involved in the formation of urinary calculi, and to reduce mineral encrustation in the urinary tract, as well as to alleviate the damage caused by crystal structures. This beneficial impact is achieved through a combination of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, along with urine alkalinization. The cholelitholytic, choleretic, and hepatoprotective effects of D. styracifolium plants have been confirmed, primarily ascribed to the activation of the hepatic Xα receptor and the bile acid receptor, farnesoid X receptor, by the flavonoid shaftoside. Special attention is focused on the potential therapeutic applications of flavonoids derived from D. styracifolium for diseases associated with the development of chronic inflammation and systemic response, emphasizing the ability of flavonoids to exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by acting directly and through the modulation of transcription factors. It is concluded that new strategies for the prevention and treatment of urolithiasis, cholelithiasis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, acute and chronic inflammatory processes may rely on the promising development of dosage forms of D. styracifolium with their subsequent preclinical and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentyna Opryshko
- Dnipro State Medical University, Department of General and Clinical Pharmacy, Dnipro, Ukraine
| | - Anna Prokhach
- Dnipro State Medical University, Department of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Dnipro, Ukraine
| | - Oleh Akimov
- Poltava State Medical University, Department of Pathophysiology, Poltava, Ukraine
| | - Mykola Riabushko
- Poltava State Medical University, Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Poltava, Ukraine
| | - Heorhii Kostenko
- Poltava State Medical University, Department of Pathophysiology, Poltava, Ukraine
| | - Viktoriia Kostenko
- Poltava State Medical University, Department of Foreign Languages with Latin and Medical Terminology, Poltava, Ukraine
| | - Artur Mishchenko
- Poltava State Medical University, Department of Pathophysiology, Poltava, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Solovyova
- Poltava State Medical University, Department of Pathophysiology, Poltava, Ukraine
| | - Vitalii Kostenko
- Poltava State Medical University, Department of Pathophysiology, Poltava, Ukraine
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Kosovski IB, Bacârea V, Ghiga D, Ciurea CN, Cucoranu DC, Hutanu A, Bacârea A. Exploring the Link between Inflammatory Biomarkers and Adipometrics in Healthy Young Adults Aged 20-35 Years. Nutrients 2024; 16:257. [PMID: 38257150 PMCID: PMC10819707 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and aging are associated with an inflammatory state, which represents the common background for a wide range of diseases. This study aims to explore the correlation between hsCRP, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and white blood cell count (WBC) and adipometrics (arm, waist, and hip circumferences: AC, WC, HC; total body fat mass: TBFM, visceral fat level: VFL, body mass index: BMI; waist/hip ratio: WHR; waist/height ratio: WHtR) in young and healthy adults aged 20-35 years old. The subjects were divided by BMI into the overweight/obesity (OW/OB) group and normal weight (NW) group, and by hsCRP level into Group 1 (<1 mg/L), Group 2 (≥1-2.99 mg/L), and Group 3 (≥3 mg/L). The concentration of all inflammatory biomarkers was significantly higher in the OW/OB group compared to the NW group, with the exception of IL-1β. Significant positive correlations were found between hsCRP, TNF-α, WBC, and all adipometrics; between IL-6 and WHR, WHtR, BMI, TBFM, and VFL; and between IFN-γ and HC, BMI, and TBFM. IL-1β correlates positively with WHR and VFL. In Groups 1-3, all the differences between the adipometrics showed significant differences. Subclinical inflammation persists in association with being overweight and obese in healthy young adults aged 20-35 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Bianca Kosovski
- Department of Pathophysiology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (I.B.K.); (A.B.)
- Doctoral School, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Vladimir Bacârea
- Department of Research Methodology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
| | - Dana Ghiga
- Department of Research Methodology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
| | - Cristina Nicoleta Ciurea
- Department of Microbiology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
| | | | - Adina Hutanu
- Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
| | - Anca Bacârea
- Department of Pathophysiology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540139 Târgu Mureș, Romania; (I.B.K.); (A.B.)
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Akyer SP, Karagur ER, Ata MT, Toprak EK, Donmez AC, Donmez BO. Verbascoside Inhibits/Repairs the Damage of LPS-Induced Inflammation by Regulating Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress, and Bone Remodeling. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:8755-8766. [PMID: 37998727 PMCID: PMC10670241 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45110550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteocytes play an important role as regulators of both osteoclasts and osteoblasts, and some proteins that are secreted from them play a role in bone remodeling and modeling. LPS affects bone structure because it is an inflammatory factor, despite verbascoside's potential for bone preservation and healing. Osteocytes may also be involved in the control of the bone's response to immunological changes in inflammatory situations. MLO-Y4 cells were cultured in either supplemented -MEM alone with a low serum to inhibit cell growth or media with LPS (10 ng/mL) and/or verbascoside (50 g/mL) to show the LPS effect. In our research, LPS treatment increased RANKL levels while decreasing OPG and RUNX2 expression. Treatment with verbascoside reduced RANKL expression. In our work, verbascoside increased the expression of OPG and RUNX2. In MLO-Y4 cells exposed to verbascoside, SOD, CAT, and GSH activities as well as the expression levels of bone mineralization proteins like PHEX, RUNX2, and OPG were all elevated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahika Pinar Akyer
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Kinikli, Str. No. 11, 20160 Denizli, Turkey;
| | - Ege Rıza Karagur
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Kinikli, Str. No. 11, 20160 Denizli, Turkey;
| | - Melek Tunc Ata
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Kinikli, Str. No. 11, 20160 Denizli, Turkey; (M.T.A.); (E.K.T.)
| | - Emine Kilic Toprak
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Kinikli, Str. No. 11, 20160 Denizli, Turkey; (M.T.A.); (E.K.T.)
| | - Aysegul Cort Donmez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Kinikli, Str. No. 11, 20160 Denizli, Turkey;
| | - Baris Ozgur Donmez
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Kinikli, Str. No. 11, 20160 Denizli, Turkey;
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12
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Bag Soytas R, Levinoff EJ, Smith L, Doventas A, Morais JA, Veronese N, Soysal P. Predictive Strategies to Reduce the Risk of Rehospitalization with a Focus on Frail Older Adults: A Narrative Review. EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2023; 4:382-407. [PMID: 37873884 PMCID: PMC10594531 DOI: 10.3390/epidemiologia4040035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Frailty is a geriatric syndrome that has physical, cognitive, psychological, social, and environmental components and is characterized by a decrease in physiological reserves. Frailty is associated with several adverse health outcomes such as an increase in rehospitalization rates, falls, delirium, incontinence, dependency on daily living activities, morbidity, and mortality. Older adults may become frailer with each hospitalization; thus, it is beneficial to develop and implement preventive strategies. The present review aims to highlight the epidemiological importance of frailty in rehospitalization and to compile predictive strategies and related interventions to prevent hospitalizations. Firstly, it is important to identify pre-frail and frail older adults using an instrument with high validity and reliability, which can be a practically applicable screening tool. Comprehensive geriatric assessment-based care is an important strategy known to reduce morbidity, mortality, and rehospitalization in older adults and aims to meet the needs of frail patients with a multidisciplinary approach and intervention that includes physiological, psychological, and social domains. Moreover, effective multimorbidity management, physical activity, nutritional support, preventing cognitive frailty, avoiding polypharmacy and anticholinergic drug burden, immunization, social support, and reducing the caregiver burden are other recommended predictive strategies to prevent post-discharge rehospitalization in frail older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Bag Soytas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada; (R.B.S.); (E.J.L.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Elise J. Levinoff
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada; (R.B.S.); (E.J.L.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Lee Smith
- Center for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, East Road, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK
| | - Alper Doventas
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul 34320, Turkey;
| | - José A. Morais
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada; (R.B.S.); (E.J.L.); (J.A.M.)
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Pinar Soysal
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul 34320, Turkey;
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13
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Mohapatra L, Mishra D, Shiomurti Tripathi A, Kumar Parida S. Immunosenescence as a convergence pathway in neurodegeneration. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110521. [PMID: 37385122 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Immunity refers to the body's defense mechanism to protect itself against illness or to produce antibodies against pathogens. Senescence is a cellular phenomenon that integrates a sustainable growth restriction, other phenotypic abnormalities and including a pro-inflammatory secretome. It is highly involved in regulating developmental stages, tissue homeostasis, and tumor proliferation monitoring. Contemporary experimental reports imply that abolition of senescent cells employing evolved genetic and therapeutic approaches augment the chances of survival and boosts the health span of an individual. Immunosenescence is considered as a process in which dysfunction of the immune system occurs with aging and greatly includes remodeling of lymphoid organs. This in turn causes fluctuations in the immune function of the elderly that has strict relation with the expansion of autoimmune diseases, infections, malignant tumors and neurodegenerative disorders. The interaction of the nervous and immune systems during aging is marked by bi-directional influence and mutual correlation of variations. The enhanced systemic inflammatory condition in the elderly, and the neuronal immune cell activity can be modulated by inflamm-aging and peripheral immunosenescence resulting in chronic low-grade inflammatory processes in the central Nervous system known as neuro-inflammaging. For example, glia excitation by cytokines and glia pro-inflammatory productions contribute significantly to memory injury as well as in acute systemic inflammation, which is associated with high levels of Tumor necrosis factor -α and a rise in cognitive decline. In recent years its role in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease has caught research interest to a large extent. This article reviews the connection concerning the immune and nervous systems and highlights how immunosenescence and inflamm-aging can affect neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Mohapatra
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India.
| | - Deepak Mishra
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India
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14
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Guo L, Zhang X, Lv N, Wang L, Gan J, Jiang X, Wang Y. Therapeutic Role and Potential Mechanism of Resveratrol in Atherosclerosis: TLR4/NF- κB/HIF-1 α. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:1097706. [PMID: 37292256 PMCID: PMC10247328 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1097706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, the main pathological basis of cardiovascular disease, is a chronic inflammatory disease that severely affects the quality of human life. Resveratrol (Res) is a natural polyphenol that is a major component of many herbs and foods. The present study analyzed resveratrol from the perspective of visualization and bibliometric analysis and found that resveratrol is closely related to the inflammatory response in cardiovascular diseases (associated with atherosclerosis). To explore the specific molecular mechanism of resveratrol, network pharmacology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used, in which HIF-1α signaling may be a key pathway in the treatment of AS. Furthermore, we induced the polarization of macrophage RAW264.7 to M1 type to generate inflammatory response by the combination of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (200 ng/mL) + interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (2.5 ng/mL). LPS and IFN-γ increased the inflammatory factor levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in RAW264.7, and the proportion of M1-type macrophages also increased, but the expression of inflammatory factors decreased after resveratrol administration, which confirmed the anti-inflammatory effect of resveratrol in AS. In addition, we found that resveratrol downregulated the protein expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NF-κB/hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α). In conclusion, resveratrol has a significant anti-inflammatory effect, alleviates HIF-1α-mediated angiogenesis, and prevents the progression of AS through the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Guo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Nuan Lv
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Luming Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jiali Gan
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xijuan Jiang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yijing Wang
- School of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District Tianjin 301617, China
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15
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Bao H, Cao J, Chen M, Chen M, Chen W, Chen X, Chen Y, Chen Y, Chen Y, Chen Z, Chhetri JK, Ding Y, Feng J, Guo J, Guo M, He C, Jia Y, Jiang H, Jing Y, Li D, Li J, Li J, Liang Q, Liang R, Liu F, Liu X, Liu Z, Luo OJ, Lv J, Ma J, Mao K, Nie J, Qiao X, Sun X, Tang X, Wang J, Wang Q, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wu R, Xia K, Xiao FH, Xu L, Xu Y, Yan H, Yang L, Yang R, Yang Y, Ying Y, Zhang L, Zhang W, Zhang W, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Zhou M, Zhou R, Zhu Q, Zhu Z, Cao F, Cao Z, Chan P, Chen C, Chen G, Chen HZ, Chen J, Ci W, Ding BS, Ding Q, Gao F, Han JDJ, Huang K, Ju Z, Kong QP, Li J, Li J, Li X, Liu B, Liu F, Liu L, Liu Q, Liu Q, Liu X, Liu Y, Luo X, Ma S, Ma X, Mao Z, Nie J, Peng Y, Qu J, Ren J, Ren R, Song M, Songyang Z, Sun YE, Sun Y, Tian M, Wang S, Wang S, Wang X, Wang X, Wang YJ, Wang Y, Wong CCL, Xiang AP, Xiao Y, Xie Z, Xu D, Ye J, Yue R, Zhang C, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Zhang YW, Zhang Z, Zhao T, Zhao Y, Zhu D, Zou W, Pei G, Liu GH. Biomarkers of aging. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:893-1066. [PMID: 37076725 PMCID: PMC10115486 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2305-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Aging biomarkers are a combination of biological parameters to (i) assess age-related changes, (ii) track the physiological aging process, and (iii) predict the transition into a pathological status. Although a broad spectrum of aging biomarkers has been developed, their potential uses and limitations remain poorly characterized. An immediate goal of biomarkers is to help us answer the following three fundamental questions in aging research: How old are we? Why do we get old? And how can we age slower? This review aims to address this need. Here, we summarize our current knowledge of biomarkers developed for cellular, organ, and organismal levels of aging, comprising six pillars: physiological characteristics, medical imaging, histological features, cellular alterations, molecular changes, and secretory factors. To fulfill all these requisites, we propose that aging biomarkers should qualify for being specific, systemic, and clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hainan Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jiani Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Mengting Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Min Chen
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yanhao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yutian Chen
- The Department of Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhiyang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jagadish K Chhetri
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yingjie Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junlin Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jun Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chuting He
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yujuan Jia
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Haiping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ying Jing
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Dingfeng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qinhao Liang
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Feng Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Healthy Aging Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zuojun Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Oscar Junhong Luo
- Department of Systems Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jianwei Lv
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jingyi Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Kehang Mao
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Center for Quantitative Biology (CQB), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiawei Nie
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), International Center for Aging and Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xinhua Qiao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xinpei Sun
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qiaoran Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Clinical Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Center, Medical Research Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Yaning Wang
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Rimo Wu
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Kai Xia
- Center for Stem Cell Biologyand Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fu-Hui Xiao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Lingyan Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yingying Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Haoteng Yan
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Liang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Ruici Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yuanxin Yang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yilin Ying
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine/Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Gerontology Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Institute of Gerontology, Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Wenwan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Research Unit of New Techniques for Live-cell Metabolic Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Qingchen Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zhengmao Zhu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Zhongwei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Piu Chan
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Chang Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Guobing Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Great Bay Area Geroscience Joint Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Hou-Zao Chen
- Department of Biochemistryand Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Weimin Ci
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Bi-Sen Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Qiurong Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Jing-Dong J Han
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Center for Quantitative Biology (CQB), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Kai Huang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Zhenyu Ju
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Qing-Peng Kong
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Jian Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Baohua Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South Unversity, Changsha, 410011, China.
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300000, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Xingguo Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Xianghang Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Shuai Ma
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Xinran Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Zhiyong Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Jing Nie
- The State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Yaojin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jie Ren
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Ruibao Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), International Center for Aging and Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- International Center for Aging and Cancer, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Moshi Song
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Zhou Songyang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Healthy Aging Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Yi Eve Sun
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China.
| | - Yu Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Department of Medicine and VAPSHCS, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Mei Tian
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Shusen Wang
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Si Wang
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, The second Medical Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Yan-Jiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Center, Medical Research Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, 102218, China.
| | - Catherine C L Wong
- Clinical Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Andy Peng Xiang
- Center for Stem Cell Biologyand Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Yichuan Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Zhengwei Xie
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing & Qingdao Langu Pharmaceutical R&D Platform, Beijing Gigaceuticals Tech. Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Daichao Xu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine/Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Rui Yue
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Gerontology Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430000, China.
- Institute of Gerontology, Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China.
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Yun-Wu Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Zhuohua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine of Hunan Province and Center for Medical Genetics, Institute of Molecular Precision Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
- Department of Neurosciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
| | - Tongbiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Yuzheng Zhao
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- Research Unit of New Techniques for Live-cell Metabolic Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Dahai Zhu
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China.
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Weiguo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Gang Pei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Laboratory of Receptor-Based Biomedicine, The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200070, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
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16
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Kostenko V, Akimov O, Gutnik O, Kostenko H, Kostenko V, Romantseva T, Morhun Y, Nazarenko S, Taran O. Modulation of redox-sensitive transcription factors with polyphenols as pathogenetically grounded approach in therapy of systemic inflammatory response. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15551. [PMID: 37180884 PMCID: PMC10171461 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the adverse outcomes of acute inflammatory response is progressing to the chronic stage or transforming into an aggressive process, which can develop rapidly and result in the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. The leading role in this process is played by the Systemic Inflammatory Response that is accompanied by the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, acute phase proteins, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. The purpose of this review that highlights both the recent reports and the results of the authors' own research is to encourage scientists to develop new approaches to the differentiated therapy of various SIR manifestations (low- and high-grade systemic inflammatory response phenotypes) by modulating redox-sensitive transcription factors with polyphenols and to evaluate the saturation of the pharmaceutical market with appropriate dosage forms tailored for targeted delivery of these compounds. Redox-sensitive transcription factors such as NFκB, STAT3, AP1 and Nrf2 have a leading role in mechanisms of the formation of low- and high-grade systemic inflammatory phenotypes as variants of SIR. These phenotypic variants underlie the pathogenesis of the most dangerous diseases of internal organs, endocrine and nervous systems, surgical pathologies, and post-traumatic disorders. The use of individual chemical compounds of the class of polyphenols, or their combinations can be an effective technology in the therapy of SIR. Administering natural polyphenols in oral dosage forms is very beneficial in the therapy and management of the number of diseases accompanied with low-grade systemic inflammatory phenotype. The therapy of diseases associated with high-grade systemic inflammatory phenotype requires medicinal phenol preparations manufactured for parenteral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitalii Kostenko
- Poltava State Medical University, Department of Pathophysiology, Ukraine
| | - Oleh Akimov
- Poltava State Medical University, Department of Pathophysiology, Ukraine
- Corresponding author.
| | - Oleksandr Gutnik
- Poltava State Medical University, Department of Pathophysiology, Ukraine
| | - Heorhii Kostenko
- Poltava State Medical University, Department of Pathophysiology, Ukraine
| | - Viktoriia Kostenko
- Poltava State Medical University, Department of Foreign Languages with Latin and Medical Terminology, Ukraine
| | - Tamara Romantseva
- Poltava State Medical University, Department of Pathophysiology, Ukraine
| | - Yevhen Morhun
- Poltava State Medical University, Department of Pathophysiology, Ukraine
| | - Svitlana Nazarenko
- Poltava State Medical University, Department of Pathophysiology, Ukraine
| | - Olena Taran
- Poltava State Medical University, Department of Pathophysiology, Ukraine
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17
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COVID-19 and Frailty. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11030606. [PMID: 36992190 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11030606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Older age is a major risk factor for adverse outcomes of COVID-19, potentially due to immunosenescence and chronic low-grade inflammation, both characteristics of older adults which synergistically contribute to their vulnerability. Furthermore, older age is also associated with decreased kidney function and is consequently associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. All of this in the course of COVID-19 infection can worsen and promote the progression of chronic kidney damage and all its sequelae. Frailty is a condition characterized by the decline in function of several homeostatic systems, leading to increased vulnerability to stressors and risk of adverse health outcomes. Thus, it is very likely that frailty, together with comorbidities, may have contributed to the high vulnerability to severe clinical manifestations and deaths from COVID-19 among older people. The combination of viral infection and chronic inflammation in the elderly could cause multiple unforeseen harmful consequences, affecting overall disability and mortality rates. In post-COVID-19 patients, inflammation has been implicated in sarcopenia progression, functional activity decline, and dementia. After the pandemic, it is imperative to shine a spotlight on these sequelae so that we can be prepared for the future outcomes of the ongoing pandemic. Here, we discuss the potential long-term consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its possibility of causing permanent damage to the precarious balance existing in the frail elderly with multiple pathologies.
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18
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Zheng H, Zhang C, Wang Q, Feng S, Fang Y, Zhang S. The impact of aging on intestinal mucosal immune function and clinical applications. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1029948. [PMID: 36524122 PMCID: PMC9745321 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1029948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune cells and immune molecules in the intestinal mucosa participate in innate and adaptive immunity to maintain local and systematic homeostasis. With aging, intestinal mucosal immune dysfunction will promote the emergence of age-associated diseases. Although there have been a number of studies on the impact of aging on systemic immunity, relatively fewer studies have been conducted on the impact of aging on the intestinal mucosal immune system. In this review, we will briefly introduce the impact of aging on the intestinal mucosal barrier, the impact of aging on intestinal immune cells as well as immune molecules, and the process of interaction between intestinal mucosal immunity and gut microbiota during aging. After that we will discuss potential strategies to slow down intestinal aging in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zheng
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuyan Feng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Fang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Shuo Zhang,
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19
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Lee H, Joo JY, Sohn DH, Kang J, Yu Y, Park HR, Kim YH. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals rebalancing of immunological response in patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy. J Transl Med 2022; 20:504. [PMID: 36329504 PMCID: PMC9635198 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03702-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is a major inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa that is not limited to the oral cavity but also has systemic consequences. Although the importance of chronic periodontitis has been emphasized, the systemic immune response induced by periodontitis and its therapeutic effects remain elusive. Here, we report the transcriptomes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with periodontitis. Methods Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we profiled PBMCs from healthy controls and paired pre- and post-treatment patients with periodontitis. We extracted differentially expressed genes and biological pathways for each cell type and calculated activity scores reflecting cellular characteristics. Intercellular crosstalk was classified into therapy-responsive and -nonresponsive pathways. Results We analyzed pan-cellular differentially expressed genes caused by periodontitis and found that most cell types showed a significant increase in CRIP1, which was further supported by the increased levels of plasma CRIP1 observed in patients with periodontitis. In addition, activated cell type-specific ligand-receptor interactions, including the BTLA, IFN-γ, and RESISTIN pathways, were prominent in patients with periodontitis. Both the BTLA and IFN-γ pathways returned to similar levels in healthy controls after periodontal therapy, whereas the RESISTIN pathway was still activated even after therapy. Conclusion These data collectively provide insights into the transcriptome changes and molecular interactions that are responsive to periodontal treatment. We identified periodontitis-specific systemic inflammatory indicators and suggest unresolved signals of non-surgical therapy as future therapeutic targets. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03702-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansong Lee
- grid.262229.f0000 0001 0719 8572Convergence Medical Sciences, Pusan National University, 50612 Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Joo
- grid.262229.f0000 0001 0719 8572Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, 50612 Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Sohn
- grid.262229.f0000 0001 0719 8572Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, 50612 Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Kang
- grid.262229.f0000 0001 0719 8572Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University, 50612 Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeuni Yu
- grid.262229.f0000 0001 0719 8572Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University, 50612 Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Ryoun Park
- grid.262229.f0000 0001 0719 8572Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, 49 Busandaehak- ro, 50612 Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hak Kim
- grid.262229.f0000 0001 0719 8572Convergence Medical Sciences, Pusan National University, 50612 Yangsan, Republic of Korea ,grid.262229.f0000 0001 0719 8572Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, 49 Busandaehak-ro, 50612 Yangsan, Republic of Korea
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20
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Elma Ö, Brain K, Dong HJ. The Importance of Nutrition as a Lifestyle Factor in Chronic Pain Management: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:5950. [PMID: 36233817 PMCID: PMC9571356 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In everyday clinical practice, healthcare professionals often meet chronic pain patients with a poor nutritional status. A poor nutritional status such as malnutrition, unhealthy dietary behaviors, and a suboptimal dietary intake can play a significant role in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of chronic pain. The relationship between nutrition and chronic pain is complex and may involve many underlying mechanisms such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and glucose metabolism. As such, pain management requires a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach that includes nutrition. Nutrition is the top modifiable lifestyle factor for chronic non-communicable diseases including chronic pain. Optimizing one's dietary intake and behavior needs to be considered in pain management. Thus, this narrative review reports and summarizes the existing evidence regarding (1) the nutrition-related health of people experiencing pain (2) the underlying potential mechanisms that explain the interaction between nutrition and chronic pain, and (3) the role of nutrition screening, assessment and evaluation for people experiencing pain and the scope of nutrition practice in pain management. Future directions in the nutrition and chronic pain field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Elma
- Pain in Motion International Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, University Hospital Brussels, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Katherine Brain
- School of Health Science, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Hunter Integrated Pain Service, Newcastle, NSW 2300, Australia
| | - Huan-Ji Dong
- Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, SE-581 85 Linköping, Sweden
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21
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Leng SX, Pawelec G. Single-cell immune atlas for human aging and frailty. LIFE MEDICINE 2022; 1:67-70. [PMID: 36699943 PMCID: PMC9869752 DOI: 10.1093/lifemedi/lnac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean X Leng
- Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Immune Remodeling and Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - Graham Pawelec
- Department of Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
- Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, ON P3E 2H2, Canada
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22
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Nie YZ, Yan ZQ, Yin H, Shan LH, Wang JH, Wu QH. Osteosarcopenic obesity and its components-osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and obesity-are associated with blood cell count-derived inflammation indices in older Chinese people. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:532. [PMID: 35764967 PMCID: PMC9238016 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03225-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO) and its components with complete blood cell count-derived inflammation indices. Methods In this cross-sectional study, data of 648 participants aged ≥60 years (men/women: 232/416, mean age: 67.21 ± 6.40 years) were collected from January 2018 to December 2020. Areal bone mineral density and body fat percentage were used to define osteopenia/osteoporosis and obesity, respectively. The criteria of the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia were used to diagnose sarcopenia. Based on the number of these conditions, participants were divided into four groups: OSO/0, OSO/1, OSO/2, and OSO/3. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify associations between blood cell count-derived inflammation indices and the number of disorders with abnormal body composition. Results Systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), white blood cells, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), aggregate inflammation systemic index (AISI), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) showed statistically significant differences among the four groups (P < 0.05). Unlike in the OSO/0 group, in all other groups, AISI, SIRI, PLR, and NLR were significantly associated with increased likelihood of having multiple disorders with abnormal body composition after adjustment for confounders (P < 0.0001 for all). However, LMR showed an inverse correlation with the number of these conditions (P < 0.05). Conclusion Higher SIRI, AISI, NLR, and PLR values and lower LMR values are closely associated with OSO and its individual components—osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and obesity—in older adults, suggesting that the value of these indices in the evaluation of OSO warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Zhen Nie
- Physical Examination Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Zhao-Qi Yan
- Physical Examination Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Hui Yin
- Department of Health Education, School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Ling-Han Shan
- School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Jia-Hui Wang
- Centre for Health Policy & Management, Health Management College, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun-Hong Wu
- Centre for Health Policy & Management, Health Management College, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Sergio G, Wei Y, Xu K, Xia S. Cold-inflammaging: when a state of homeostatic-imbalance associated with ageing, precedes the low-grade pro-inflammatory-state (inflammaging): meaning, evolution, inflammaging phenotypes. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2022; 49:925-934. [PMID: 35684970 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The age-related pro-inflammatory state, discovered and called 'inflammaging' by Franceschi C. et al. (2000) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of age-related chronic diseases. A substantial body of data established that inflammaging is accompanied by a "2-fold-to-4-fold" increase in plasma levels of pro-inflammatory mediators in healthy elderly people, when compared to the healthy adult popultion. This review focuses on the pre-inflammaging phase herein we reported as "Cold-Inflammaging", a state where plasma levels of cytokines are slightly increased, but below the lower limit of "2-fold increase" established for inflammaging. Slightly altered cytokine levels by innate immunity are known to be associated with homeostasis imbalances, this functional pleiotropy of cytokines as signal transducers, have a physiological counterpart, representing an adaptive process aimed at restoring (or achieving a new) homeostatic stability. If a dys-homeostatic state persists, the cytokine response by innate immunity increases and becomes a driver of inflammaging. A scenario where cytokines are characterised as major players in homeostasis imbalances at the beginning (cold-inflammaging) and then in chronic low-grade pro-inflammatory-state (inflammaging). Other important drivers of inflammaging are cellular senescence with its Senescence Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP), the altered gut microbiota and the age-related dysregulation in the production of endogenous "molecular waste" (Garb-aging). The main purpose of this review being to thoroughly investigate each step of the pathway from cold-inflammaging to overt-inflammaging, because ageing, cold-inflammaging, overt-inflammaging, and the pathogenesis of age-related diseases have been shown to share some establised basic pillars of Geroscience that largely converge on inflammaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giunta Sergio
- Casa di Cura Prof. Nobili-GHC Garofalo Health Care, Bologna, Italy
| | - Yaqin Wei
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Institute of Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Kangqiao Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Institute of Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Shijin Xia
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Institute of Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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24
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Al Saedi A, Kirk B, Iuliano S, Zanker J, Vogrin S, Jayaram L, Thomas S, Golding C, Navarro-Perez D, Marusic P, Leng S, Nanan R, Duque G. Effects of 3 months of multi-nutrient supplementation on the immune system and muscle and respiratory function of older adults in aged care (The Pomerium Study): protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e059075. [PMID: 35523505 PMCID: PMC9082724 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immunosenescence leads to increased morbidity and mortality associated with viral infections and weaker vaccine responses. This has been well documented for seasonal influenza and the current pandemic with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), which disproportionately impact older adults, particularly those in residential aged care facilities. Inadequate nutrient intakes associated with impaired immunity, respiratory and muscle function are likely to augment the effects of immunosenescence. In this study, we test whether the impact of inadequate nutrition can be reversed using multi-nutrient supplementation, consequently enhancing vaccine responses, reducing the risk of viral infections and improving respiratory and muscle function. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The Pomerium Study is a 3-month, single-blind, randomised, controlled trial testing the effects of two daily servings of an oral multi-nutrient supplement (330 kcal, 20 g protein, 1.5 g calcium 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyrate monohydrate (CaHMB), 449 mg calcium, 500 IU vitamin D3 and 25 vitamins and minerals) on the immune system and muscle and respiratory function of older adults in aged care in Melbourne, Australia. 160 older adults (≥75 years old) will be recruited from aged care facilities and randomised to treatment (multi-nutrient supplement) or control (usual care). The primary outcome is a change in T-cell subsets CD8 + and CD28null counts at months 1 and 3. Secondary outcomes measured at baseline and month 3 are multiple markers of immunosenescence (also at 1 month), body composition (bioimpedance), handgrip strength (dynamometer), physical function (short physical performance battery), respiratory function (spirometry) and quality of life (EQ-5D-5L). Incidence and complications of COVID-19 and/or viral infections (ie, hospitalisation, complications or death) will be recorded throughout the trial, including 3 months after supplementation is ceased. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study was approved by Melbourne Health Human Research Ethics Committee (Ref No. HREC/73985/MH-2021, ERM Ref No. RMH73985, Melbourne Health Site Ref No. 2021.115). Written informed consent will be obtained from participants. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and made available to key aged care stakeholders, including providers, residents, and government bodies. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12621000420842.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al Saedi
- Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ben Kirk
- Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sandra Iuliano
- Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jesse Zanker
- Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sara Vogrin
- Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lata Jayaram
- Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shane Thomas
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christine Golding
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Diana Navarro-Perez
- Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Petra Marusic
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sean Leng
- Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Immune Remodeling, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ralph Nanan
- Nepean Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gustavo Duque
- Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Victoria, Australia
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25
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Salimans L, Liberman K, Njemini R, Kortekaas Krohn I, Gutermuth J, Bautmans I. The effect of resistance exercise on the immune cell function in humans: A systematic review. Exp Gerontol 2022; 164:111822. [PMID: 35490790 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance exercise is beneficial for the immune system, including decreased susceptibility to infections and improved effectiveness of vaccinations. This review aims to provide a systematic analysis of the literature regarding the impact of resistance exercise on immune cells in the blood circulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The protocol of this review followed the PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (ID: CRD42020157834). PubMed and Web-of-Science were systematically searched for relevant articles. Outcomes were divided into two categories: 1) inflammatory gene expression or secretion of inflammation-related cytokines and 2) other aspects such as cell migration, proliferation, apoptosis, phagocytosis, and redox status. RESULTS Thirty intervention studies were included in this review, of which 11 articles were randomized controlled trials and six non-randomized controlled trials. Although only resistance exercise interventions were included, there was a high heterogeneity regarding specific exercise modalities. The most frequently studied outcome measures were the gene and protein expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). This review reveals that already one acute exercise bout activates the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathway in PBMC. Although resistance exercise induces an acute cytosolic oxidative stress response, the antioxidant enzyme expression is improved after resistance training period. Natural killer cell activity increases in older but decreases in younger adults immediately after a resistance exercise bout. Moreover, resistance exercise improves neutrophil phagocytic activity. Finally, effects on lymphocyte proliferation remain unclear. CONCLUSIONS The results of this systematic review demonstrate that resistance exercise has beneficial effects on several aspects of immune cell function both in young and older individuals. Acute changes in immune cell function occur already after a single bout of resistance exercise. However, regular resistance training during several weeks seems necessary to obtain beneficial adaptations that can be related to better immunity and reduced inflammation. The effects documented in this review confirm the beneficial effects of resistance exercise in young as well as older persons on the immune cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lene Salimans
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Frailty in Aging (FRIA) Research Group, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Department of Gerontology, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Keliane Liberman
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Frailty in Aging (FRIA) Research Group, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Department of Gerontology, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rose Njemini
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Frailty in Aging (FRIA) Research Group, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Department of Gerontology, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Inge Kortekaas Krohn
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Skin Immunology & Immune Tolerance (SKIN) Research Group, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Department of Dermatology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jan Gutermuth
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Skin Immunology & Immune Tolerance (SKIN) Research Group, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Department of Dermatology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ivan Bautmans
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Frailty in Aging (FRIA) Research Group, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Department of Gerontology, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Department of Dermatology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
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26
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Mou Y, Du Y, Zhou L, Yue J, Hu X, Liu Y, Chen S, Lin X, Zhang G, Xiao H, Dong B. Gut Microbiota Interact With the Brain Through Systemic Chronic Inflammation: Implications on Neuroinflammation, Neurodegeneration, and Aging. Front Immunol 2022; 13:796288. [PMID: 35464431 PMCID: PMC9021448 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.796288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been noticed in recent years that the unfavorable effects of the gut microbiota could exhaust host vigor and life, yet knowledge and theory are just beginning to be established. Increasing documentation suggests that the microbiota-gut-brain axis not only impacts brain cognition and psychiatric symptoms but also precipitates neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). How the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a machinery protecting the central nervous system (CNS) from the systemic circulation, allows the risky factors derived from the gut to be translocated into the brain seems paradoxical. For the unique anatomical, histological, and immunological properties underpinning its permeable dynamics, the BBB has been regarded as a biomarker associated with neural pathogenesis. The BBB permeability of mice and rats caused by GM dysbiosis raises the question of how the GM and its metabolites change BBB permeability and causes the brain pathophysiology of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration (NF&ND) and brain aging, a pivotal multidisciplinary field tightly associated with immune and chronic systemic inflammation. If not all, gut microbiota-induced systemic chronic inflammation (GM-SCI) mainly refers to excessive gut inflammation caused by gut mucosal immunity dysregulation, which is often influenced by dietary components and age, is produced at the interface of the intestinal barrier (IB) or exacerbated after IB disruption, initiates various common chronic diseases along its dispersal routes, and eventually impairs BBB integrity to cause NF&ND and brain aging. To illustrate the immune roles of the BBB in pathophysiology affected by inflammatory or "leaky" IB resulting from GM and their metabolites, we reviewed the selected publications, including the role of the BBB as the immune barrier, systemic chronic inflammation and inflammation influences on BBB permeability, NF&ND, and brain aging. To add depth to the bridging role of systemic chronic inflammation, a plausible mechanism indispensable for BBB corruption was highlighted; namely, BBB maintenance cues are affected by inflammatory cytokines, which may help to understand how GM and its metabolites play a major role in NF&ND and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Mou
- Geroscience and Chronic Disease Department, The Eighth Municipal Hospital for the People, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lixing Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jirong Yue
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianliang Hu
- Geroscience and Chronic Disease Department, The Eighth Municipal Hospital for the People, Chengdu, China
| | - Yixin Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sao Chen
- Geroscience and Chronic Disease Department, The Eighth Municipal Hospital for the People, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiufang Lin
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gongchang Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hengyi Xiao
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Birong Dong
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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27
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Shapiro JR, Morgan R, Leng SX, Klein SL. Roadmap for Sex-Responsive Influenza and COVID-19 Vaccine Research in Older Adults. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:836642. [PMID: 35821800 PMCID: PMC9261334 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.836642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Sex differences in the immune system are dynamic throughout the lifespan and contribute to heterogeneity in the risk of infectious diseases and the response to vaccination in older adults. The importance of the intersection between sex and age in immunity to viral respiratory diseases is clearly demonstrated by the increased prevalence and severity of influenza and COVID-19 in older males compared to older females. Despite sex and age biases in the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of disease, these host factors are often ignored in vaccine research. Here, we review sex differences in the immunogenicity, effectiveness, and safety of the influenza and COVID-19 vaccines in older adults and the impact of sex-specific effects of age-related factors, including chronological age, frailty, and the presence of comorbidities. While a female bias in immunity to influenza vaccines has been consistently reported, understanding of sex differences in the response to COVID-19 vaccines in older adults is incomplete due to small sample sizes and failure to disaggregate clinical trial data by both sex and age. For both vaccines, a major gap in the literature is apparent, whereby very few studies investigate sex-specific effects of aging, frailty, or multimorbidity. By providing a roadmap for sex-responsive vaccine research, beyond influenza and COVID-19, we can leverage the heterogeneity in immunity among older adults to provide better protection against vaccine-preventable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna R. Shapiro
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rosemary Morgan
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sean X. Leng
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sabra L. Klein
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
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28
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Gawlik-Kotelnicka O, Margulska A, Gabryelska A, Sochal M, Białasiewicz P, Strzelecki D. “Leaky Gut” as a Keystone of the Connection between Depression and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome? A Rationale and Study Design. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12020152. [PMID: 35208226 PMCID: PMC8878827 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and depression are highly comorbid. Immune alterations, oxidative stress or microbiota dysfunction have been proposed as some mechanisms underlying this association. The aim of the proposed study is to assess the severity and profile of OSA and depressive symptoms in the context of serum microbiota metabolites, biomarkers of intestinal permeability, inflammation and oxidative stress in adult patients diagnosed with OSA syndrome. The study population consists of 200 subjects. An apnoea-hypopnoea index ≥ 5/hour is used for the diagnosis. Depressive symptoms are assessed with Beck Depression Inventory. Measured serum markers are: tumour necrosis factor–alpha and interleukin-6 for inflammation, total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde concentration for oxidative stress, zonulin, calprotectin, lipopolisaccharide-binding protein and intestinal fatty acids-binding protein for intestinal permeability. All of the above will be measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Associations between clinical symptoms profile and severity and the above markers levels will be tested. It would be valuable to seek for overlap indicators of depression and OSA to create this endophenotype possible biomarkers and form new prophylactic or therapeutic methods. The results may be useful to establish a subpopulation of patients sensitive to microbiota therapeutic interventions (probiotics, prebiotics, and microbiota transplantation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliwia Gawlik-Kotelnicka
- Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-603819776
| | | | - Agata Gabryelska
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland; (A.G.); (M.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Marcin Sochal
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland; (A.G.); (M.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Piotr Białasiewicz
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland; (A.G.); (M.S.); (P.B.)
| | - Dominik Strzelecki
- Department of Affective and Psychotic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland;
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29
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Shapiro JR, Li H, Morgan R, Chen Y, Kuo H, Ning X, Shea P, Wu C, Merport K, Saldanha R, Liu S, Abrams E, Chen Y, Kelly DC, Sheridan-Malone E, Wang L, Zeger SL, Klein SL, Leng SX. Sex-specific effects of aging on humoral immune responses to repeated influenza vaccination in older adults. NPJ Vaccines 2021; 6:147. [PMID: 34887436 PMCID: PMC8660902 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-021-00412-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Older adults (≥65 years of age) bear a significant burden of severe disease and mortality associated with influenza, despite relatively high annual vaccination coverage and substantial pre-existing immunity to influenza. To test the hypothesis that host factors, including age and sex, play a role in determining the effect of repeated vaccination and levels of pre-existing humoral immunity to influenza, we evaluated pre- and post-vaccination strain-specific hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) titers in adults over 75 years of age who received a high-dose influenza vaccine in at least four out of six influenza seasons. Pre-vaccination titers, rather than host factors and repeated vaccination were significantly associated with post-vaccination HAI titer outcomes, and displayed an age-by-sex interaction. Pre-vaccination titers to H1N1 remained constant with age. Titers to H3N2 and influenza B viruses decreased substantially with age in males, whereas titers in females remained constant with age. Our findings highlight the importance of pre-existing immunity in this highly vaccinated older adult population and suggest that older males are particularly vulnerable to reduced pre-existing humoral immunity to influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna R Shapiro
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Huifen Li
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rosemary Morgan
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yiyin Chen
- Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Helen Kuo
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiaoxuan Ning
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Patrick Shea
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cunjin Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, Hebei, China
| | - Katherine Merport
- Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rayna Saldanha
- Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Suifeng Liu
- Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Engle Abrams
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan, China
| | - Denise C Kelly
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eileen Sheridan-Malone
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Scott L Zeger
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sabra L Klein
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Sean X Leng
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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30
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Wang X, Wu M. Research progress of gut microbiota and frailty syndrome. Open Med (Wars) 2021; 16:1525-1536. [PMID: 34712824 PMCID: PMC8511967 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Frailty is a clinical syndrome caused by homeostasis imbalance. It is characterized by marked vulnerability to endogenous or exogenous stressors, reduced self-care ability, and increased mortality risk. This aging-related syndrome is common in individuals older than 65 years and carries an increased risk for poor health outcomes. These include falls, incident disability, incapacity, and mortality. In addition, it can result in a poor prognosis for other comorbidities. With the aging population, frailty increases the burden of adverse health outcomes. Studies on frailty are at their infancy. In addition, there is a lack of thorough understanding of its pathogenesis. Several studies have suggested that frailty is caused by chronic inflammation due to enhanced intestinal permeability following gut microbiota imbalance as well as pathogen-related antibodies entering the circulation system. These result in musculoskeletal system disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. However, this assumption has not been validated in large cohort-based studies. Several studies have suggested that inflammation is not the only cause of frailty. Hence, further studies are necessary to extend our understanding of its pathogenesis. This review summarizes the research findings in the field and expands on the possible role of the gut microbiota in frailty syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Geriatrics Department, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Min Wu
- Geriatrics Department, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China
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31
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Koelman L, Egea Rodrigues C, Aleksandrova K. Effects of Dietary Patterns on Biomarkers of Inflammation and Immune Responses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Adv Nutr 2021; 13:101-115. [PMID: 34607347 PMCID: PMC8803482 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered immune cell phenotype and chronic inflammation are key features shared by various chronic diseases. Evidence from nutritional interventions aimed at alleviating inflammation could be a promising approach for the prevention of adverse health outcomes. We therefore aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to summarize the recent evidence on the effects of dietary patterns on inflammatory and immune-related biomarkers in humans. PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science databases were searched for publications up to October 2020. In total, 22 RCTs were included in the meta-analysis conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The Mediterranean diet appeared as the dietary pattern that showed the most prominent reductions of inflammatory biomarkers such as IL-6 [mean difference (MD): -1.07 pg/mL (95% CI: -1.94, -0.20); I2: 96%], IL-1β [MD: -0.46 pg/mL (95% CI: -0.66, -0.25); I2: 0%], and C-reactive protein [MD: -1.00 mg/L (95% CI: -2.02, 0.01); I2: 100%]. No substantial effects were observed for the additional dietary patterns studied in intervention research, including the Dietary Adherence to Stop Hypertension diet, and the vegetarian or vegan diets. Future large-scale multifactorial intervention studies are warranted to allow direct comparison of various dietary patterns in relation to a range of biomarkers reflecting multiple inflammatory and immune-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liselot Koelman
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany,Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Caue Egea Rodrigues
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Liu P, Li Y, Ma L. Caloric Restriction May Help Delay the Onset of Frailty and Support Frailty Management. Front Nutr 2021; 8:731356. [PMID: 34552957 PMCID: PMC8450361 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.731356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Frailty is an age-related clinical syndrome that may increase the risk of falls, disability, hospitalization, and death in older adults. Delaying the progression of frailty helps improve the quality of life in older adults. Caloric restriction (CR) may extend lifespan and reduce the risk of age-related diseases. However, few studies have explored the relationship between CR and frailty. In this review, we focused on the impact of CR on frailty and aimed to identify potential associated mechanisms. Although CR may help prevent frailty, further studies are required to determine the underlying mechanisms and specific CR regimens suitable for use in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Ma
- Department of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Medicine, Beijing, China
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Inhibiting cytomegalovirus replication through targeting the host electron transport chain. Antiviral Res 2021; 194:105159. [PMID: 34390771 PMCID: PMC8446325 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2021.105159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a near ubiquitous herpesvirus that relies on host cell metabolism for efficient replication. Although it has been shown that HCMV requires functional host cell mitochondria for efficient replication, it is unknown whether mitochondrial targeted pharmacological agents can be repurposed as antivirals. Here we report that treatment with drugs targeting the electron transport chain (ETC) complexes inhibit HCMV replication. Addition of rotenone, oligomycin, antimycin and metformin resulted in decreased HCMV titers in vitro, independent of HCMV strain. This further illustrates the dependence of HCMV replication on functional mitochondria. Metformin, an FDA approved drug, delays HCMV replication kinetics resulting in a reduction of viral titers. Repurposing metformin as an antiviral is advantageous as its safety profile and epidemiological data are well accepted. Our findings provide new insight into the potential for targeting HCMV infection through host cell metabolism and how these pharmacological interventions function.
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Hayashi T, Furukawa K, Morishita Y, Hayashi I, Kato N, Yoshida K, Kusunoki Y, Kyoizumi S, Ohishi W. Intracellular reactive oxygen species level in blood cells of atomic bomb survivors is increased due to aging and radiation exposure. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 171:126-134. [PMID: 33992676 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in immune responses, excessive ROS production and accumulation might enhance the risk of inflammation-related diseases. Moreover, impaired immune function and the acceleration of pre-clinically persistent inflammation due to aging and radiation exposure have been observed in atomic bomb (A-bomb) survivors more than 60 years post-exposure. Meanwhile, the effects of aging and radiation exposure on ROS production in immune cells have not been characterized. This study investigated the relationship between intracellular ROS (H2O2 and O2•-) levels in blood cells or T cell subsets and serum iron, ferritin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, as well as how these variables are affected by age and radiation exposure in A-bomb survivors. We examined 2495 Hiroshima A-bomb survivors. Multiple linear regression models adjusted for confounding factors indicated that intracellular O2•- levels in monocytes, granulocytes, and lymphocytes, and particularly in memory CD8+ T cells, including effector memory and terminally differentiated effector memory CD8+ T cells, increased with radiation dose. Additionally, serum iron, ferritin, and CRP levels affected intracellular ROS levels in specific blood cell types and T cell subsets. Serum CRP levels increased significantly with increasing age and radiation dose. Finally, when divided into three groups according to serum CRP levels, dose-dependent increases in the intracellular O2•- levels in blood cells and central memory and effector memory CD8+ T cells were most prominently observed in the high-CRP group. These results suggest that an increase in the levels of certain intracellular ROS, particularly after radiation exposure, might be linked to enhanced inflammatory status, including elevated serum CRP levels and reduced serum iron levels. This study reveals that aging and radiation exposure increase oxidative stress in blood cells, which is involved in impaired immune function and accelerated pre-clinically persistent inflammation in radiation-exposed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Hayashi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, 732-0815, Japan.
| | - Kyoji Furukawa
- Biostatistics Center, Kurume University, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yukari Morishita
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, 732-0815, Japan
| | - Ikue Hayashi
- Central Research Laboratory, Hiroshima University Faculty of Medicine Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Naohiro Kato
- Department of Statistics, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, 732-0815, Japan
| | - Kengo Yoshida
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, 732-0815, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kusunoki
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, 732-0815, Japan
| | - Seishi Kyoizumi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, 732-0815, Japan
| | - Waka Ohishi
- Department of Clinical Studies, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, 732-0815, Japan
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35
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Hussien H, Nastasa A, Apetrii M, Nistor I, Petrovic M, Covic A. Different aspects of frailty and COVID-19: points to consider in the current pandemic and future ones. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:389. [PMID: 34176479 PMCID: PMC8236311 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02316-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults at a higher risk of adverse outcomes and mortality if they get infected with Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2). These undesired outcomes are because ageing is associated with other conditions like multimorbidity, frailty and disability. This paper describes the impact of frailty on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) management and outcomes. We also try to point out the role of inflamm-ageing, immunosenescence and reduced microbiota diversity in developing a severe form of COVID-19 and a different response to COVID-19 vaccination among older frail adults. Additionally, we attempt to highlight the impact of frailty on intensive care unit (ICU) outcomes, and hence, the rationale behind using frailty as an exclusion criterion for critical care admission. Similarly, the importance of using a time-saving, validated, sensitive, and user-friendly tool for frailty screening in an acute setting as COVID-19 triage. We performed a narrative review. Publications from 1990 to March 2021 were identified by searching the electronic databases MEDLINE, CINAHL and SCOPUS. Based on this search, we have found that in older frail adults, many mechanisms contribute to the severity of COVID-19, particularly cytokine storm; those mechanisms include lower immunological capacity and status of ongoing chronic inflammation and reduced gut microbiota diversity. Higher degrees of frailty were associated with poor outcomes and higher mortality rates during and after ICU admission. Also, the response to COVID-19 vaccination among frail older adults might differ from the general population regarding effectiveness and side effects. Researches also had shown that there are many tools for identifying frailty in an acute setting that could be used in COVID-19 triage, and before ICU admission, the clinical frailty scale (CFS) was the most recommended tool. CONCLUSION Older frail adults have a pre-existing immunopathological base that puts them at a higher risk of undesired outcomes and mortality due to COVID-19 and poor response to COVID-19 vaccination. Also, their admission in ICU should depend on their degree of frailty rather than their chronological age, which is better to be screened using the CFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Hussien
- Dr C I Parhon University Hospital, Department of Nephrology, Iasi, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Geriatrics, Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Bd Carol nr 50, Iasi, Romania
| | - Andra Nastasa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Geriatrics, Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Bd Carol nr 50, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Mugurel Apetrii
- Dr C I Parhon University Hospital, Department of Nephrology, Iasi, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Geriatrics, Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Bd Carol nr 50, Iasi, Romania
| | - Ionut Nistor
- Dr C I Parhon University Hospital, Department of Nephrology, Iasi, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Geriatrics, Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Bd Carol nr 50, Iasi, Romania
| | - Mirko Petrovic
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covic
- Dr C I Parhon University Hospital, Department of Nephrology, Iasi, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Geriatrics, Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Bd Carol nr 50, Iasi, Romania
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36
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Fioranelli M, Roccia MG, Flavin D, Cota L. Regulation of Inflammatory Reaction in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5277. [PMID: 34067872 PMCID: PMC8157220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a key mechanism for the clearance of infective agents and other inflammatory triggers and is pivotal for the repairing processes of the affected tissues. Inflammation is a multistep process driven by a great number of mediators which regulate specific aspects of the inflammatory response, in agreement with a well-defined chronobiological program. A great number of inflammation-related diseases show a deeply altered immune chronobiology (e.g., COVID-19-related cytokines storm). This aspect highlights the need for a deeper understanding of the inflammatory phenomenon. It is fundamental to study inflammation as a multilevel phenomenon. Of particular interest is the low-grade chronic inflammation, which is an etiological factor of many chronic diseases. Nowadays, the therapeutic approach to low grade chronic inflammation is one of the great challenges of traditional pharmacology. Currently, no drugs specifically designed for the treatment of chronic inflammatory forms are available. Today, bioregulatory systems medicine (BrSM) and low dose medicine (LDM), two pharmacological paradigms grounded in systems medicine, potentially represent new tools for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases. Scientific research has assessed the effectiveness and safety of both these therapeutic approaches, in particular for the management of chronic inflammatory conditions and chronic immunological dysregulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Fioranelli
- Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, 00193 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maria Grazia Roccia
- Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, 00193 Rome, Italy;
| | - Dana Flavin
- Instituto Terapie Sistemiche Integrate, 00181 Rome, Italy; (D.F.); (L.C.)
| | - Linda Cota
- Instituto Terapie Sistemiche Integrate, 00181 Rome, Italy; (D.F.); (L.C.)
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37
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Cell type-specific biogenesis of novel vesicles containing viral products in human cytomegalovirus infection. J Virol 2021; 95:JVI.02358-20. [PMID: 33762413 PMCID: PMC8139684 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02358-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), while highly restricted for the human species, infects an diverse array of cell types in the host. Patterns of infection are dictated by the cell type infected, but cell type-specific factors and how they impact tropism for specific cell types is poorly understood. Previous studies in primary endothelial cells showed that HCMV infection induces large multivesicular-like bodies (MVBs) that incorporate viral products, including dense bodies (DBs) and virions. Here we define the nature of these large vesicles using a recombinant virus where UL32, encoding the pp150 tegument protein, is fused in frame with green fluorescent protein (GFP, TB40/E-UL32-GFP). In fibroblasts, UL32-GFP-positive vesicles were marked with classical markers of MVBs, including CD63 and lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA), both classical MVB markers, as well as the clathrin and LAMP1. Unexpectedly, UL32-GFP-positive vesicles in primary human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) were not labeled by CD63, and LBPA was completely lost from infected cells. We defined these UL32-positive vesicles in endothelial cells using markers for the cis-Golgi (GM130), lysosome (LAMP1), and autophagy (LC3B). These findings suggest that UL32-GFP containing MVBs in fibroblasts are derived from the canonical endocytic pathway and takeover classical exosomal release pathway. However, UL32-GFP containing MVBs in HMVECs are derived from the early biosynthetic pathway and exploit a less characterized early Golgi-LAMP1-associated non- canonical secretory autophagy pathway. These results reveal striking cell-type specific membrane trafficking differences in host pathways that are exploited by HCMV, which may reflect distinct pathways for virus egress.ImportanceHuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a herpesvirus that, like all herpesvirus, that establishes a life-long infection. HCMV remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the immunocompromised and HCMV seropositivity is associated with age-related pathology. HCMV infects many cells in the human host and the biology underlying the different patterns of infection in different cell types is poorly understood. Endothelial cells are important target of infection that contribute to hematogenous spread of the virus to tissues. Here we define striking differences in the biogenesis of large vesicles that incorporate virions in fibroblasts and endothelial cells. In fibroblasts, HCMV is incorporated into canonical MVBs derived from an endocytic pathway, whereas HCMV matures through vesicles derived from the biosynthetic pathway in endothelial cells. This work defines basic biological differences between these cell types that may impact how progeny virus is trafficked out of infected cells.
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38
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Zuccarini M, Giuliani P, Caciagli F, Ciccarelli R, Di Iorio P. In Search of a Role for Extracellular Purine Enzymes in Bone Function. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050679. [PMID: 33946568 PMCID: PMC8147220 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is one of the major tissues that undergoes continuous remodeling throughout life, thus ensuring both organic body growth during development and protection of internal organs as well as repair of trauma during adulthood. Many endogenous substances contribute to bone homeostasis, including purines. Their role has increasingly emerged in recent decades as compounds which, by interacting with specific receptors, can help determine adequate responses of bone cells to physiological or pathological stimuli. Equally, it is recognized that the activity of purines is closely dependent on their interconversion or metabolic degradation ensured by a series of enzymes present at extracellular level as predominantly bound to the cell membrane or, also, as soluble isoforms. While the effects of purines mediated by their receptor interactions have sufficiently, even though not entirely, been characterized in many tissues including bone, those promoted by the extracellular enzymes providing for purine metabolism have not been. In this review, we will try to circumstantiate the presence and the role of these enzymes in bone to define their close relationship with purine activities in maintaining bone homeostasis in normal or pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariachiara Zuccarini
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 29, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.Z.); (P.G.); (P.D.I.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L. Polacchi, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Patricia Giuliani
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 29, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.Z.); (P.G.); (P.D.I.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L. Polacchi, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Francesco Caciagli
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L. Polacchi, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Renata Ciccarelli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 29, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.Z.); (P.G.); (P.D.I.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L. Polacchi, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- StemTeCh Group, Via L. Polacchi, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Patrizia Di Iorio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 29, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.Z.); (P.G.); (P.D.I.)
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), University of Chieti-Pescara, Via L. Polacchi, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
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39
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Lin RJ, Elias HK, van den Brink MRM. Immune Reconstitution in the Aging Host: Opportunities for Mechanism-Based Therapy in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:674093. [PMID: 33953731 PMCID: PMC8089387 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.674093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Older patients with hematologic malignancies are increasingly considered for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation with encouraging outcomes. While aging-related thymic dysfunction remains a major obstacle to optimal and timely immune reconstitution post- transplantation, recent accumulating evidence has suggested that various aging hallmarks such as cellular senescence, inflamm-aging, and hematopoietic stem cell exhaustion, could also impact immune reconstitution post-transplantation in both thymic-dependent and independent manner. Here we review molecular and cellular aspects of immune senescence and immune rejuvenation related to allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation among older patients and discuss potential strategies for mechanism-based therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Lin
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) Service, Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Harold K Elias
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) Service, Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Marcel R M van den Brink
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) Service, Division of Hematologic Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
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40
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Prestwood TR, Asgariroozbehani R, Wu S, Agarwal SM, Logan RW, Ballon JS, Hahn MK, Freyberg Z. Roles of inflammation in intrinsic pathophysiology and antipsychotic drug-induced metabolic disturbances of schizophrenia. Behav Brain Res 2021; 402:113101. [PMID: 33453341 PMCID: PMC7882027 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.113101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a debilitating psychiatric illness that remains poorly understood. While the bulk of symptomatology has classically been associated with disrupted brain functioning, accumulating evidence demonstrates that schizophrenia is characterized by systemic inflammation and disturbances in metabolism. Indeed, metabolic disease is a major determinant of the high mortality rate associated with schizophrenia. Antipsychotic drugs (APDs) have revolutionized management of psychosis, making it possible to rapidly control psychotic symptoms. This has ultimately reduced relapse rates of psychotic episodes and improved overall quality of life for people with schizophrenia. However, long-term APD use has also been associated with significant metabolic disturbances including weight gain, dysglycemia, and worsening of the underlying cardiometabolic disease intrinsic to schizophrenia. While the mechanisms for these intrinsic and medication-induced metabolic effects remain unclear, inflammation appears to play a key role. Here, we review the evidence for roles of inflammatory mechanisms in the disease features of schizophrenia and how these mechanisms interact with APD treatment. We also discuss the effects of common inflammatory mediators on metabolic disease. Then, we review the evidence of intrinsic and APD-mediated effects on systemic inflammation in schizophrenia. Finally, we speculate about possible treatment strategies. Developing an improved understanding of inflammatory processes in schizophrenia may therefore introduce new, more effective options for treating not only schizophrenia but also primary metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler R Prestwood
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Roshanak Asgariroozbehani
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sally Wu
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sri Mahavir Agarwal
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Banting and Best Diabetes Centre (BBDC), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ryan W Logan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Systems Neurogenetics of Addiction, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | - Jacob S Ballon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Margaret K Hahn
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Banting and Best Diabetes Centre (BBDC), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Zachary Freyberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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41
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Gangitano E, Tozzi R, Gandini O, Watanabe M, Basciani S, Mariani S, Lenzi A, Gnessi L, Lubrano C. Ketogenic Diet as a Preventive and Supportive Care for COVID-19 Patients. Nutrients 2021; 13:1004. [PMID: 33804603 PMCID: PMC8003632 DOI: 10.3390/nu13031004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe obesity is associated with an increased risk of admission to intensive care units and need for invasive mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19. The association of obesity and COVID-19 prognosis may be related to many different factors, such as chronic systemic inflammation, the predisposition to severe respiratory conditions and viral infections. The ketogenic diet is an approach that can be extremely effective in reducing body weight and visceral fat in the short term, preserving the lean mass and reducing systemic inflammation. Therefore, it is a precious preventive measure for severely obese people and may be considered as an adjuvant therapy for patients with respiratory compromise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gangitano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.W.); (S.B.); (S.M.); (A.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Rossella Tozzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.T.); (O.G.)
| | - Orietta Gandini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.T.); (O.G.)
| | - Mikiko Watanabe
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.W.); (S.B.); (S.M.); (A.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Sabrina Basciani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.W.); (S.B.); (S.M.); (A.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Stefania Mariani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.W.); (S.B.); (S.M.); (A.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.W.); (S.B.); (S.M.); (A.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Lucio Gnessi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.W.); (S.B.); (S.M.); (A.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Carla Lubrano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (M.W.); (S.B.); (S.M.); (A.L.); (L.G.)
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42
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Bott KN, Yumol JL, Comelli EM, Klentrou P, Peters SJ, Ward WE. Trabecular and cortical bone are unaltered in response to chronic lipopolysaccharide exposure via osmotic pumps in male and female CD-1 mice. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0243933. [PMID: 33544708 PMCID: PMC7864436 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation has been identified as an underlying cause of many diseases including osteoporosis. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a potent inducer of the inflammatory response that can negatively affect bone outcomes by upregulating bone resorption and inhibiting bone formation. The objective of this study was to assess the longitudinal response of trabecular and cortical bone structure and bone mineral density to LPS continuously administered for 12 weeks in male and female CD-1 mice. Mice were assigned to one of four LPS groups at 8-weeks of age: placebo (0.0 μg/d), low (0.9 μg/d), mid (3.6 μg/d) and high (14.4 μg/d) dose. Trabecular and cortical bone outcomes were measured at 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks of age using in vivo micro-computed tomography. The anticipated serum LPS dose-dependent response was not observed. Therefore, the low, mid, and high LPS groups were combined for analysis. Compared to the placebo group, endpoint serum LPS was elevated in both males (p < 0.05) and females (p < 0.05) when all LPS treatment groups were combined. However, there was no significant change in trabecular or cortical bone outcomes in the combined LPS groups compared to the placebo following the 12-week LPS intervention for either sex. This suggests that although serum LPS was elevated following the 12-week LPS intervention, the dosages administered using the osmotic pumps was not sufficient to negatively impact trabecular or cortical bone outcomes in either male or female CD-1 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten N. Bott
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Jenalyn L. Yumol
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Elena M. Comelli
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Joannah and Brian Lawson Centre for Child Nutrition, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Panagiota Klentrou
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Sandra J. Peters
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Wendy E. Ward
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
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Gawlik-Kotelnicka O, Strzelecki D. Adiposity in Depression or Depression in Adiposity? The Role of Immune-Inflammatory-Microbial Overlap. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11020117. [PMID: 33557031 PMCID: PMC7913759 DOI: 10.3390/life11020117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Some of the most common and debilitating conditions are metabolic disorders (metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) and depression. These conditions are also exacerbated by the fact that they often co-occur. Although the exact mechanisms underlying such relationships are poorly known, antipsychotic medication and antidepressant use, diet and physical activity, and lifestyle factors are believed to play a role; however, their high co-occurrence rate suggests a possible pathophysiological overlap. This paper reviews several possible bases for this overlap, including hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation, immune alterations with chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress. While it is entirely possible that changes in the microbiota may play a role in each of them, interventions based on the implementation of dietary and other lifestyle changes, supplementation with prebiotics or probiotics and faecal microbiota transplantation have failed to achieve conclusive results. A better characterization of the above associations may allow a more targeted approach to the treatment of both depressive and metabolic disorders. The paper also presents several practical applications for future studies.
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Can Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage Be a Good Model for the Investigation of the Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Diet in Humans? Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9010036. [PMID: 33466327 PMCID: PMC7824757 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Subclinical, low-grade, inflammation is one of the main pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the majority of chronic and non-communicable diseases. Several methodological approaches have been applied for the assessment of the anti-inflammatory properties of nutrition, however, their impact in human body remains uncertain, because of the fact that the majority of the studies reporting anti-inflammatory effect of dietary patterns, have been performed under laboratory settings and/or in animal models. Thus, the extrapolation of these results to humans is risky. It is therefore obvious that the development of an inflammatory model in humans, by which we could induce inflammatory responses to humans in a regulated, specific, and non-harmful way, could greatly facilitate the estimation of the anti-inflammatory properties of diet in a more physiological way and mechanistically relevant way. We believe that exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) could serve as such a model, either in studies investigating the homeostatic responses of individuals under inflammatory stimuli or for the estimation of the anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory potential of dietary patterns, foods, supplements, nutrients, or phytochemicals. Thus, in this review we discuss the possibility of exercise-induced muscle damage being an inflammation model suitable for the assessment of the anti-inflammatory properties of diet in humans.
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Chen Y, Klein SL, Garibaldi BT, Li H, Wu C, Osevala NM, Li T, Margolick JB, Pawelec G, Leng SX. Aging in COVID-19: Vulnerability, immunity and intervention. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 65:101205. [PMID: 33137510 PMCID: PMC7604159 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 508] [Impact Index Per Article: 169.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic was first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019, moved across the globe at an unprecedented speed, and is having a profound and yet still unfolding health and socioeconomic impacts. SARS-CoV-2, a β-coronavirus, is a highly contagious respiratory pathogen that causes a disease that has been termed the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Clinical experience thus far indicates that COVID-19 is highly heterogeneous, ranging from being asymptomatic and mild to severe and causing death. Host factors including age, sex, and comorbid conditions are key determinants of disease severity and progression. Aging itself is a prominent risk factor for severe disease and death from COVID-19. We hypothesize that age-related decline and dysregulation of immune function, i.e., immunosenescence and inflammaging play a major role in contributing to heightened vulnerability to severe COVID-19 outcomes in older adults. Much remains to be learned about the immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. We need to begin partitioning all immunological outcome data by age to better understand disease heterogeneity and aging. Such knowledge is critical not only for understanding of COVID-19 pathogenesis but also for COVID-19 vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyin Chen
- Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sabra L Klein
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Brian T Garibaldi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Johns Hopkins Biocontainment Unit, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Huifen Li
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Cunjin Wu
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Geriatrics, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Nicole M Osevala
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University School of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Taisheng Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Joseph B Margolick
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Graham Pawelec
- Department of Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | - Sean X Leng
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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46
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Omarjee L, Perrot F, Meilhac O, Mahe G, Bousquet G, Janin A. Immunometabolism at the cornerstone of inflammaging, immunosenescence, and autoimmunity in COVID-19. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:26263-26278. [PMID: 33361522 PMCID: PMC7803547 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Inflammaging constitutes the common factor for comorbidities predisposing to severe COVID-19. Inflammaging leads to T-cell senescence, and immunosenescence is linked to autoimmune manifestations in COVID-19. As in SLE, metabolic dysregulation occurs in T-cells. Targeting this T-cell dysfunction opens the field for new therapeutic strategies to prevent severe COVID-19. Immunometabolism-mediated approaches such as rapamycin, metformin and dimethyl fumarate, may optimize COVID-19 treatment of the elderly and patients at risk for severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loukman Omarjee
- Vascular Medicine Department, CHU Rennes, French National Health and Medical Research (Inserm), Clinical Investigation Center (CIC) 1414, University of Rennes 1, Rennes F-35033, France
- NuMeCan Institute, Exogenous and Endogenous Stress and Pathological Responses in Hepato-Gastrointestinal Diseases (EXPRES) Team, French National Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U1241, University of Rennes 1, Rennes F-35033, France
| | | | - Olivier Meilhac
- University of Reunion Island, INSERM, UMR 1188 Reunion, Indian Ocean Diabetic Atherothrombosis Therapies (DéTROI), CHU de La Réunion, Saint-Denis de La Réunion F-97400, France
| | - Guillaume Mahe
- Vascular Medicine Department, CHU Rennes, French National Health and Medical Research (Inserm), Clinical Investigation Center (CIC) 1414, University of Rennes 1, Rennes F-35033, France
| | - Guilhem Bousquet
- AP-HP Hôpital Avicenne, Oncologie Médicale, Bobigny F-93000, France
- Sorbonne University Paris Nord, INSERM, U942, Cardiovascular Markers in Stressed Conditions, MASCOT, Bobigny F-93000, France
| | - Anne Janin
- Sorbonne University Paris Nord, INSERM, U942, Cardiovascular Markers in Stressed Conditions, MASCOT, Bobigny F-93000, France
- Department of Pathology, Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris F-75010, France
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47
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Fang EF, Xie C, Schenkel JA, Wu C, Long Q, Cui H, Aman Y, Frank J, Liao J, Zou H, Wang NY, Wu J, Liu X, Li T, Fang Y, Niu Z, Yang G, Hong J, Wang Q, Chen G, Li J, Chen HZ, Kang L, Su H, Gilmour BC, Zhu X, Jiang H, He N, Tao J, Leng SX, Tong T, Woo J. A research agenda for ageing in China in the 21st century (2nd edition): Focusing on basic and translational research, long-term care, policy and social networks. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 64:101174. [PMID: 32971255 PMCID: PMC7505078 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
One of the key issues facing public healthcare is the global trend of an increasingly ageing society which continues to present policy makers and caregivers with formidable healthcare and socio-economic challenges. Ageing is the primary contributor to a broad spectrum of chronic disorders all associated with a lower quality of life in the elderly. In 2019, the Chinese population constituted 18 % of the world population, with 164.5 million Chinese citizens aged 65 and above (65+), and 26 million aged 80 or above (80+). China has become an ageing society, and as it continues to age it will continue to exacerbate the burden borne by current family and public healthcare systems. Major healthcare challenges involved with caring for the elderly in China include the management of chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs), physical frailty, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, with emerging challenges such as providing sufficient dental care, combating the rising prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases among nursing home communities, providing support for increased incidences of immune diseases, and the growing necessity to provide palliative care for the elderly. At the governmental level, it is necessary to make long-term strategic plans to respond to the pressures of an ageing society, especially to establish a nationwide, affordable, annual health check system to facilitate early diagnosis and provide access to affordable treatments. China has begun work on several activities to address these issues including the recent completion of the of the Ten-year Health-Care Reform project, the implementation of the Healthy China 2030 Action Plan, and the opening of the National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders. There are also societal challenges, namely the shift from an extended family system in which the younger provide home care for their elderly family members, to the current trend in which young people are increasingly migrating towards major cities for work, increasing reliance on nursing homes to compensate, especially following the outcomes of the 'one child policy' and the 'empty-nest elderly' phenomenon. At the individual level, it is important to provide avenues for people to seek and improve their own knowledge of health and disease, to encourage them to seek medical check-ups to prevent/manage illness, and to find ways to promote modifiable health-related behaviors (social activity, exercise, healthy diets, reasonable diet supplements) to enable healthier, happier, longer, and more productive lives in the elderly. Finally, at the technological or treatment level, there is a focus on modern technologies to counteract the negative effects of ageing. Researchers are striving to produce drugs that can mimic the effects of 'exercising more, eating less', while other anti-ageing molecules from molecular gerontologists could help to improve 'healthspan' in the elderly. Machine learning, 'Big Data', and other novel technologies can also be used to monitor disease patterns at the population level and may be used to inform policy design in the future. Collectively, synergies across disciplines on policies, geriatric care, drug development, personal awareness, the use of big data, machine learning and personalized medicine will transform China into a country that enables the most for its elderly, maximizing and celebrating their longevity in the coming decades. This is the 2nd edition of the review paper (Fang EF et al., Ageing Re. Rev. 2015).
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Affiliation(s)
- Evandro F Fang
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway; The Norwegian Centre on Healthy Ageing (NO-Age), Oslo, Norway; Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, China; Institute of Geriatric Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, China; Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Chenglong Xie
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Joseph A Schenkel
- Durham University Department of Sports and Exercise Sciences, Durham, United Kingdom.
| | - Chenkai Wu
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, 215316, Kunshan, China; Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, 27710, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Qian Long
- Global Health Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, 215316, Kunshan, China.
| | - Honghua Cui
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, China; Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, China.
| | - Yahyah Aman
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway.
| | - Johannes Frank
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway.
| | - Jing Liao
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China; Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Huachun Zou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China; Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Ninie Y Wang
- Pinetree Care Group, 515 Tower A, Guomen Plaza, Chaoyang District, 100028, Beijing, China.
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Sociology and Work Science, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Xiaoting Liu
- School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Tao Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Beishan Industrial Zone, 518083, Shenzhen, China; China National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, 518120, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Zhangming Niu
- Aladdin Healthcare Technologies Ltd., 25 City Rd, Shoreditch, London EC1Y 1AA, UK.
| | - Guang Yang
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, SW3 6NP, UK; and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Qian Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Guobing Chen
- Institute of Geriatric Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS)& Peking Union Medical University (PUMC), 5 Dondan Santiao Road, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Hou-Zao Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS)& Peking Union Medical University (PUMC), 5 Dondan Santiao Road, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Lin Kang
- Department of Geriatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Huanxing Su
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao.
| | - Brian C Gilmour
- The Norwegian Centre on Healthy Ageing (NO-Age), Oslo, Norway.
| | - Xinqiang Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China; The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
| | - Na He
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Ministry of Health, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jun Tao
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Sean Xiao Leng
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5505 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Tanjun Tong
- Research Center on Ageing, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China.
| | - Jean Woo
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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48
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Moreno Fernández-Ayala DJ, Navas P, López-Lluch G. Age-related mitochondrial dysfunction as a key factor in COVID-19 disease. Exp Gerontol 2020; 142:111147. [PMID: 33171276 PMCID: PMC7648491 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 causes a severe pneumonia (COVID-19) that affects essentially elderly people. In COVID-19, macrophage infiltration into the lung causes a rapid and intense cytokine storm leading finally to a multi-organ failure and death. Comorbidities such as metabolic syndrome, obesity, type 2 diabetes, lung and cardiovascular diseases, all of them age-associated diseases, increase the severity and lethality of COVID-19. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the hallmarks of aging and COVID-19 risk factors. Dysfunctional mitochondria is associated with defective immunological response to viral infections and chronic inflammation. This review discuss how mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with defective immune response in aging and different age-related diseases, and with many of the comorbidities associated with poor prognosis in the progression of COVID-19. We suggest here that chronic inflammation caused by mitochondrial dysfunction is responsible of the explosive release of inflammatory cytokines causing severe pneumonia, multi-organ failure and finally death in COVID-19 patients. Preventive treatments based on therapies improving mitochondrial turnover, dynamics and activity would be essential to protect against COVID-19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Moreno Fernández-Ayala
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Plácido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Guillermo López-Lluch
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
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49
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Zhao Y, Zhan JK, Liu Y. A Perspective on Roles Played by Immunosenescence in the Pathobiology of Alzheimer's Disease. Aging Dis 2020; 11:1594-1607. [PMID: 33269109 PMCID: PMC7673850 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Aging is the most significant risk factor for late-onset AD. The age-associated changes in the immune system are termed immunosenescence. A close connection between immunosenescence and AD is increasingly recognized. This article provides an overview of immunosenescence and evidence for its role in the pathogenesis of AD and possible mechanisms as well as the outlook for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Youshuo Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Aging and Geriatrics, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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50
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Jian B, Hu M, Cai W, Zhang B, Lu Z. Update of Immunosenescence in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease. Front Immunol 2020; 11:585655. [PMID: 33362768 PMCID: PMC7756147 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.585655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging of the central nervous system (CNS) is closely associated with chronic sterile low-grade inflammation in older organisms and related immune response. As an amplifier for neuro-inflammaging, immunosenescence remodels and deteriorates immune systems gradually with the passage of time, and finally contributes to severe outcomes like stroke, dementia and neurodegeneration in elderly adults. Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), one of the major causes of vascular dementia, has an intensive connection with the inflammatory response and immunosenescence plays a crucial role in the pathology of this disorder. In this review, we discuss the impact of immunosenescence on the development of CSVD and its underlying mechanism. Furthermore, the clinical practice significance of immunosenescence management and the diagnosis and treatment of CSVD will be also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banghao Jian
- Department of Neurology, Center for Mental and Neurological Disorders and Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyan Hu
- Department of Neurology, Center for Mental and Neurological Disorders and Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Department of Neurology, Center for Mental and Neurological Disorders and Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Center of Clinical Immunology, Center for Mental and Neurological Disorders and Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingjun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Center for Mental and Neurological Disorders and Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengqi Lu
- Department of Neurology, Center for Mental and Neurological Disorders and Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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