1
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Tse-Kang SY, Pukkila-Worley R. Lysosome-related organelle integrity suppresses TIR-1 aggregation to restrain toxic propagation of p38 innate immunity. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114674. [PMID: 39299237 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity in bacteria, plants, and animals requires the specialized subset of Toll/interleukin-1/resistance gene (TIR) domain proteins that are nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) hydrolases. Aggregation of these TIR proteins engages their enzymatic activity, but it is unknown how this protein multimerization is regulated. Here, we discover that TIR oligomerization is controlled to prevent immune toxicity. We find that p38 propagates its own activation in a positive feedback loop, which promotes the aggregation of the lone enzymatic TIR protein in the nematode C. elegans (TIR-1, homologous to human sterile alpha and TIR motif-containing 1 [SARM1]). We perform a forward genetic screen to determine how the p38 positive feedback loop is regulated. We discover that the integrity of the specific lysosomal subcompartment that expresses TIR-1 is actively maintained to limit inappropriate TIR-1 aggregation on the membranes of these organelles, which restrains toxic propagation of p38 innate immunity. Thus, innate immunity in C. elegans intestinal epithelial cells is regulated by specific control of TIR-1 multimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Y Tse-Kang
- Program in Innate Immunity, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Read Pukkila-Worley
- Program in Innate Immunity, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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2
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Manceau R, Majeur D, Cherian CM, Miller CJ, Wat LW, Fisher JD, Labarre A, Hollman S, Prakash S, Audet S, Chao CF, Depaauw-Holt L, Rogers B, Bosson A, Xi JJ, Callow CA, Yoosefi N, Shahraki N, Xia YH, Hui A, VanderZwaag J, Bouyakdan K, Rodaros D, Kotchetkov P, Daneault C, Fallahpour G, Tetreault M, Tremblay MÈ, Ruiz M, Lacoste B, Parker J, Murphy-Royal C, Huan T, Fulton S, Rideout EJ, Alquier T. Neuronal lipid droplets play a conserved and sex-biased role in maintaining whole-body energy homeostasis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.19.613929. [PMID: 39345476 PMCID: PMC11429983 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.19.613929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Lipids are essential for neuron development and physiology. Yet, the central hubs that coordinate lipid supply and demand in neurons remain unclear. Here, we combine invertebrate and vertebrate models to establish the presence and functional significance of neuronal lipid droplets (LD) in vivo. We find that LD are normally present in neurons in a non-uniform distribution across the brain, and demonstrate triglyceride metabolism enzymes and lipid droplet-associated proteins control neuronal LD formation through both canonical and recently-discovered pathways. Appropriate LD regulation in neurons has conserved and male-biased effects on whole-body energy homeostasis across flies and mice, specifically neurons that couple environmental cues with energy homeostasis. Mechanistically, LD-derived lipids support neuron function by providing phospholipids to sustain mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. Together, our work identifies a conserved role for LD as the organelle that coordinates lipid management in neurons, with implications for our understanding of mechanisms that preserve neuronal lipid homeostasis and function in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romane Manceau
- Departments of Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Danie Majeur
- Departments of Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Celena M. Cherian
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Colin J. Miller
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lianna W. Wat
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jasper D. Fisher
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Audrey Labarre
- Departments of Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Serena Hollman
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sanjana Prakash
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sébastien Audet
- Departments of Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Charlotte F. Chao
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lewis Depaauw-Holt
- Departments of Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Benjamin Rogers
- Departments of Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Anthony Bosson
- Departments of Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Joyce J.Y. Xi
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Catrina A.S. Callow
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Niyoosha Yoosefi
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Niki Shahraki
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yi Han Xia
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alisa Hui
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jared VanderZwaag
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Khalil Bouyakdan
- Departments of Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Demetra Rodaros
- Departments of Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pavel Kotchetkov
- Neuroscience Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Caroline Daneault
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Canada. QC, Canada
| | - Ghazal Fallahpour
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Martine Tetreault
- Departments of Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Tremblay
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Matthieu Ruiz
- Department of Nutrition Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Canada. QC, Canada
| | - Baptiste Lacoste
- Neuroscience Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - J.A. Parker
- Departments of Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ciaran Murphy-Royal
- Departments of Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Tao Huan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stephanie Fulton
- Departments of Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Nutrition Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Elizabeth J. Rideout
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Thierry Alquier
- Departments of Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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3
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Xu C, Luo J, Yu Y. A Fluorescence Lifetime-Based Novel Method for Accurate Lipid Quantification of BODIPY Vital-Stained C. elegans. J Lipid Res 2024:100646. [PMID: 39303981 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are organelles associated with lipid storage and energy metabolism, thus their morphology and quantity are of significant research interest. While commercially available BODIPY dye effectively labels LDs in various cell types, it also labels lysosome-related organelles (LROs) in C. elegans, leading to non-specific LD quantification. Here, we report that the fluorescent signals of BODIPY exhibit distinct fluorescence lifetime patterns for LROs and LDs, which can be captured, visualized, and filtered by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. Furthermore, we proposed and validated a method based on fluorescence lifetime that can improve the accuracy of fat storage quantification in BODIPY vital-staining worms, which holds broad applications, including rapid and accurate LD quantification in forward genetic screening. Additionally, our method enables observing dynamic LD-LRO interactions in living worms, a unique capability of BODIPY vital-staining. Our findings highlight distinct BODIPY fluorescence lifetime characteristics of LDs and LROs, providing a valuable tool for future research on LDs, LROs, or their interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jintao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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4
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Shen K, Durieux J, Mena CG, Webster BM, Tsui CK, Zhang H, Joe L, Berendzen KM, Dillin A. The germline coordinates mitokine signaling. Cell 2024; 187:4605-4620.e17. [PMID: 38959891 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The ability of mitochondria to coordinate stress responses across tissues is critical for health. In C. elegans, neurons experiencing mitochondrial stress elicit an inter-tissue signaling pathway through the release of mitokine signals, such as serotonin or the Wnt ligand EGL-20, which activate the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRMT) in the periphery to promote organismal health and lifespan. We find that germline mitochondria play a surprising role in neuron-to-periphery UPRMT signaling. Specifically, we find that germline mitochondria signal downstream of neuronal mitokines, Wnt and serotonin, and upstream of lipid metabolic pathways in the periphery to regulate UPRMT activation. We also find that the germline tissue itself is essential for UPRMT signaling. We propose that the germline has a central signaling role in coordinating mitochondrial stress responses across tissues, and germline mitochondria play a defining role in this coordination because of their inherent roles in germline integrity and inter-tissue signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koning Shen
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jenni Durieux
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Cesar G Mena
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Brant M Webster
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - C Kimberly Tsui
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Hanlin Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Larry Joe
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Kristen M Berendzen
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Andrew Dillin
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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5
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Teo W, Morgan ML, Stys PK. Quantitation of the physicochemical properties of myelin using Nile Red fluorescence spectroscopy. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 39152713 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Myelin is a vital structure that is key to rapid saltatory conduction in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Much work has been done over the decades examining the biochemical composition and morphology of myelin at the light and electron microscopic levels. Here we report a method to study myelin based on the fluorescent probe Nile Red. This lipophilic dye readily partitions into live and chemicallyfixed myelin producing bright, well-resolved images of the sheath. Using spectral confocal microscopy, a complete emission spectrum of Nile Red fluorescence can be acquired for each pixel in an image. The solvatochromic properties of Nile Red cause its emission spectrum to change depending on the polarity of its local environment. Therefore, measuring spectral shifts can report subtle changes in the physicochemical properties of myelin. We show differences in myelin polarity in central versus peripheral nervous system and in different regions of central nervous system white matter of the mouse brain, together with developmental and sex variations. This technique is also well suited for measuring subtle changes in myelin properties in live ex vivo white matter specimens. We also demonstrate how light deprivation induces a myelin polarity change in adult mouse optic nerve underscoring a continuing myelin plasticity in response to axonal activity well into adulthood. The Nile Red spectroscopic method allows measurement of subtle physicochemical changes in myelin that can importantly influence its electrical properties and by extension, conduction velocities in axons.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Teo
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - M L Morgan
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - P K Stys
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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6
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Wagner PM, Salgado MA, Turani O, Fornasier SJ, Salvador GA, Smania AM, Bouzat C, Guido ME. Rhythms in lipid droplet content driven by a metabolic oscillator are conserved throughout evolution. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:348. [PMID: 39136766 PMCID: PMC11335272 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05355-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
The biological clock in eukaryotes controls daily rhythms in physiology and behavior. It displays a complex organization that involves the molecular transcriptional clock and the redox oscillator which may coordinately work to control cellular rhythms. The redox oscillator has emerged very early in evolution in adaptation to the environmental changes in O2 levels and has been shown to regulate daily rhythms in glycerolipid (GL) metabolism in different eukaryotic cells. GLs are key components of lipid droplets (LDs), intracellular storage organelles, present in all living organisms, and essential for energy and lipid homeostasis regulation and survival; however, the cell bioenergetics status is not constant across time and depends on energy demands. Thus, the formation and degradation of LDs may reflect a time-dependent process following energy requirements. This work investigated the presence of metabolic rhythms in LD content along evolution by studying prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and organisms. We found sustained temporal oscillations in LD content in Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria and Caenorhabditis elegans synchronized by temperature cycles, in serum-shock synchronized human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293 cells) and brain tumor cells (T98G and GL26) after a dexamethasone pulse. Moreover, in synchronized T98G cells, LD oscillations were altered by glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) inhibition that affects the cytosolic activity of the metabolic oscillator or by knocking down LIPIN-1, a key GL synthesizing enzyme. Overall, our findings reveal the existence of metabolic oscillations in terms of LD content highly conserved across evolutionary scales notwithstanding variations in complexity, regulation, and cell organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula M Wagner
- CIQUIBIC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mauricio A Salgado
- CIQUIBIC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ornella Turani
- INIBIBB-CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Camino de la Carrindanga, km 7, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Santiago J Fornasier
- CIQUIBIC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gabriela A Salvador
- INIBIBB-CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Camino de la Carrindanga, km 7, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Andrea M Smania
- CIQUIBIC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Bouzat
- INIBIBB-CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Camino de la Carrindanga, km 7, 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Mario E Guido
- CIQUIBIC-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
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7
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Hernández-García S, Guerrero-Rubio MA, Henarejos-Escudero P, Martínez-Rodríguez P, Gandía-Herrero F. Exploring in the classroom the relationship between alcohol intake and behavioral disorders through an animal model. BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EDUCATION : A BIMONTHLY PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL UNION OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 52:474-479. [PMID: 38501696 DOI: 10.1002/bmb.21829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption has profound effects on behavior, such as impaired judgment, addiction or even death. It is estimated that alcohol contributes to around three million deaths worldwide, 13.5% of them in young people with ages between 20 and 39 years. Consequently, it is necessary to raise awareness among college and high school students of the risk related to alcohol drinking. The small nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is an animal widely used as a model organism to study nearly all aspects of Biochemistry. It is a powerful tool to test the potential bioactivity and molecular mechanisms of natural compounds and drugs in vivo. Therefore, it is an interesting topic to include in an undergraduate course of Biotechnology, Biochemistry or Biology students among other scientific vocations. C. elegans is also used as a neurobiological model to evaluate substances' neurotoxicity and behavioral effects. The proposed experiment introduces students to the handling of this preclinical model and to the evaluation of behavioral alterations induced by chemicals in scientific research. The effects of different doses of ethanol on C. elegans behavior are studied using a versatile chemotaxis assay. This laboratory experiment is suitable for an undergraduate course. The practical session can be used in the global strategies of information and awareness of educational centres to mitigate the impact of alcohol abuse among students, both in formal courses or in Science fairs or exhibitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanta Hernández-García
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular A, Unidad Docente de Biología, Facultad de Veterinaria. Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - M Alejandra Guerrero-Rubio
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular A, Unidad Docente de Biología, Facultad de Veterinaria. Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paula Henarejos-Escudero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular A, Unidad Docente de Biología, Facultad de Veterinaria. Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro Martínez-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular A, Unidad Docente de Biología, Facultad de Veterinaria. Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Fernando Gandía-Herrero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular A, Unidad Docente de Biología, Facultad de Veterinaria. Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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8
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Sala AJ, Grant RA, Imran G, Morton C, Brielmann RM, Gorgoń S, Watts J, Bott LC, Morimoto RI. Nuclear receptor signaling via NHR-49/MDT-15 regulates stress resilience and proteostasis in response to reproductive and metabolic cues. Genes Dev 2024; 38:380-392. [PMID: 38816072 PMCID: PMC11216168 DOI: 10.1101/gad.351829.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The ability to sense and respond to proteotoxic insults declines with age, leaving cells vulnerable to chronic and acute stressors. Reproductive cues modulate this decline in cellular proteostasis to influence organismal stress resilience in Caenorhabditis elegans We previously uncovered a pathway that links the integrity of developing embryos to somatic health in reproductive adults. Here, we show that the nuclear receptor NHR-49, an ortholog of mammalian peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), regulates stress resilience and proteostasis downstream from embryo integrity and other pathways that influence lipid homeostasis and upstream of HSF-1. Disruption of the vitelline layer of the embryo envelope, which activates a proteostasis-enhancing intertissue pathway in somatic cells, triggers changes in lipid catabolism gene expression that are accompanied by an increase in fat stores. NHR-49, together with its coactivator, MDT-15, contributes to this remodeling of lipid metabolism and is also important for the elevated stress resilience mediated by inhibition of the embryonic vitelline layer. Our findings indicate that NHR-49 also contributes to stress resilience in other pathways known to change lipid homeostasis, including reduced insulin-like signaling and fasting, and that increased NHR-49 activity is sufficient to improve proteostasis and stress resilience in an HSF-1-dependent manner. Together, our results establish NHR-49 as a key regulator that links lipid homeostasis and cellular resilience to proteotoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambre J Sala
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA;
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et Aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France
| | - Rogan A Grant
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Ghania Imran
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Claire Morton
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Renee M Brielmann
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Szymon Gorgoń
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et Aux Énergies Alternatives (CEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France
| | - Jennifer Watts
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
| | - Laura C Bott
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Richard I Morimoto
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA;
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9
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Cho M, Park H, Lee SH, Kim MJ, Jang M. Phyllodulcin from the hexane fraction of Hydrangea macrophylla inhibits glucose-induced lipid accumulation and reactive oxygen species generation in Caenorhabditis elegans. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2024; 88:789-797. [PMID: 38599627 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
We confirmed that the hexane layer of Hydrangea macrophylla leaf extract (HLH) is rich in phyllodulcin (PD), an alternative sweetener, through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. To investigate in vivo activity of HLH and its PD, acute toxicity and growth rate of Caenorhabditis elegans were tested and there are no clinical abnormalities at 125-500 µg/mL of HLH. HLH decreased the total lipid and triglyceride contents dose-dependently in glucose-induced obese worms. Also, HLH increased survival rates under oxidative and thermal stress and decreased body reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents significantly. Such antioxidant properties of HLH were attributed to the enhanced activity of the antioxidant enzyme catalase. To determine whether the effect of HLH was due to PD, worms were treated with PD (concentration contained in HLH), and inhibitory effects on total lipids and ROS were observed. Our results suggest that HLH and its PD as a natural alternative sweetener can be used as materials to improve metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myogyeong Cho
- Department of Smart Food & Drug, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
| | - Harin Park
- Department of Digital Anti-aging Healthcare, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Lee
- Department of Smart Food & Drug, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
| | - Myo-Jeong Kim
- Department of Smart Food & Drug, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
- Department of Digital Anti-aging Healthcare, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
| | - Miran Jang
- Department of Smart Food & Drug, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
- Department of Digital Anti-aging Healthcare, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
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10
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Silva RA, Hernández MA, Kalscheuer R, Steinbüchel A, Alvarez HM. Two protocols for the detection of oleaginous bacteria using Oil Red O. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:375. [PMID: 38878165 PMCID: PMC11180012 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13177-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024]
Abstract
The selection of oleaginous bacteria, potentially applicable to biotechnological approaches, is usually carried out by different expensive and time-consuming techniques. In this study, we used Oil Red O (ORO) as an useful dye for staining of neutral lipids (triacylglycerols and wax esters) on thin-layer chromatography plates. ORO could detect minimal quantities of both compounds (detection limit, 0.0025 mg of tripalmitin or 0.005 mg of cetylpalmitate). In addition, we developed a specific, rapid, and inexpensive screening methodology to detect triacylglycerol-accumulating microorganisms grown on the agar plate. This staining methodology detected 9/13 strains with a triacylglycerol content higher than 20% by cellular dry weight. ORO did not stain polyhydroxyalkanoates-producing bacteria. The four oleaginous strains not detected by this screening methodology exhibited a mucoid morphology of their colonies. Apparently, an extracellular polymeric substance produced by these strains hampered the entry of the lipophilic dye into cells. The utilization of the developed screening methodology would allow selecting of oleaginous bacteria in a simpler and faster way than techniques usually used nowadays, based on unspecific staining protocols and spectrophotometric or chromatographic methods. Furthermore, the use of ORO as a staining reagent would easily characterize the neutral lipids accumulated by microorganisms as reserve compounds. KEY POINTS: • Oil Red O staining is specific for triacylglycerols • Oil Red O staining is useful to detect oleaginous bacteria • Fast and inexpensive staining to isolate oleaginous bacteria from the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana A Silva
- Instituto de Biociencias de la Patagonia (INBIOP), Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco y CONICET, Km 4-Ciudad Universitaria 9000, Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Martín A Hernández
- Instituto de Biociencias de la Patagonia (INBIOP), Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco y CONICET, Km 4-Ciudad Universitaria 9000, Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Rainer Kalscheuer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexander Steinbüchel
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany.
| | - Héctor M Alvarez
- Instituto de Biociencias de la Patagonia (INBIOP), Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco y CONICET, Km 4-Ciudad Universitaria 9000, Comodoro Rivadavia, Chubut, Argentina.
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11
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Redl M, Shayegan A, Rollinger JM. Application of 3Rs in Caenorhabditis elegans Research for the Identification of Health-Promoting Natural Products. PLANTA MEDICA 2024; 90:576-587. [PMID: 38843797 DOI: 10.1055/a-2254-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The average age of the population is increasing worldwide, which has a profound impact on our society. This leads to an increasing demand for medicines and requires the development of new strategies to promote health during the additional years. In the search for resources and therapeutics for improved health during an extended life span, attention has to be paid to environmental exposure and ecosystem burdens that inevitably emerge with the extended consumption of medicines and drug development, even in the preclinical stage. The hereby introduced sustainable strategy for drug discovery is built on 3Rs, "R: obustness, R: eliability, and saving R: esources", inspired by both the 3Rs used in animal experiments and environmental protection, and centers on the usefulness and the variety of the small model organism Caenorhabditis elegans for detecting health-promoting natural products. A workflow encompassing a multilevel screening approach is presented to maximize the amount of information on health-promoting samples, while considering the 3Rs. A detailed, methodology- and praxis-oriented compilation and discussion of proposed C. elegans health span assays and more disease-specific assays are presented to offer guidance for scientists intending to work with C. elegans, thus facilitating the initial steps towards the integration of C. elegans assays in their laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Redl
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical, Nutritional, and Sport Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anusha Shayegan
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judith M Rollinger
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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12
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Torzone SK, Breen PC, Cohen NR, Simmons KN, Dowen RH. The TWK-26 potassium channel governs nutrient absorption in the C. elegans intestine. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.06.592787. [PMID: 38766028 PMCID: PMC11100751 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.06.592787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Ion channels are necessary for proper water and nutrient absorption in the intestine, which supports cellular metabolism and organismal growth. While a role for Na + co-transporters and pumps in intestinal nutrient absorption is well defined, how individual K + uniporters function to maintain ion homeostasis is poorly understood. Using Caenorhabditis elegans , we show that a gain-of-function mutation in twk-26 , which encodes a two-pore domain K + ion channel orthologous to human KCNK3, facilitates nutrient absorption and suppresses the metabolic and developmental defects displayed by impaired intestinal MAP Kinase (MAPK) signaling. Mutations in drl-1 and flr-4, which encode two components of this MAPK pathway, cause severe growth defects, reduced lipid storage, and a dramatic increase in autophagic lysosomes, which mirror dietary restriction phenotypes. Additionally, these MAPK mutants display structural defects of the intestine and an impaired defecation motor program. We find that activation of TWK-26 reverses the dietary restriction-like state of the MAPK mutants by restoring intestinal nutrient absorption without correcting the intestinal bloating or defecation defects. This study provides unique insight into the mechanisms by which intestinal K + ion channels support intestinal metabolic homeostasis.
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13
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Istiban MN, De Fruyt N, Kenis S, Beets I. Evolutionary conserved peptide and glycoprotein hormone-like neuroendocrine systems in C. elegans. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 584:112162. [PMID: 38290646 PMCID: PMC11004728 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Peptides and protein hormones form the largest group of secreted signals that mediate intercellular communication and are central regulators of physiology and behavior in all animals. Phylogenetic analyses and biochemical identifications of peptide-receptor systems reveal a broad evolutionary conservation of these signaling systems at the molecular level. Substantial progress has been made in recent years on characterizing the physiological and putative ancestral roles of many peptide systems through comparative studies in invertebrate models. Several peptides and protein hormones are not only molecularly conserved but also have conserved roles across animal phyla. Here, we focus on functional insights gained in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans that, with its compact and well-described nervous system, provides a powerful model to dissect neuroendocrine signaling networks involved in the control of physiology and behavior. We summarize recent discoveries on the evolutionary conservation and knowledge on the functions of peptide and protein hormone systems in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majdulin Nabil Istiban
- Neural Signaling and Circuit Plasticity, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nathan De Fruyt
- Neural Signaling and Circuit Plasticity, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Signe Kenis
- Neural Signaling and Circuit Plasticity, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabel Beets
- Neural Signaling and Circuit Plasticity, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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14
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Pires da Silva A, Kelleher R, Reynoldson L. Decoding lifespan secrets: the role of the gonad in Caenorhabditis elegans aging. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2024; 5:1380016. [PMID: 38605866 PMCID: PMC11008531 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2024.1380016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The gonad has become a central organ for understanding aging in C. elegans, as removing the proliferating stem cells in the germline results in significant lifespan extension. Similarly, when starvation in late larval stages leads to the quiescence of germline stem cells the adult nematode enters reproductive diapause, associated with an extended lifespan. This review summarizes recent advancements in identifying the mechanisms behind gonad-mediated lifespan extension, including comparisons with other nematodes and the role of lipid signaling and transcriptional changes. Given that the gonad also mediates lifespan regulation in other invertebrates and vertebrates, elucidating the underlying mechanisms may help to gain new insights into the mechanisms and evolution of aging.
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15
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Muñoz-Juan A, Benseny-Cases N, Guha S, Barba I, Caldwell KA, Caldwell GA, Agulló L, Yuste VJ, Laromaine A, Dalfó E. Caenorhabditis elegans RAC1/ced-10 mutants as a new animal model to study very early stages of Parkinson's disease. Prog Neurobiol 2024; 234:102572. [PMID: 38253120 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2024.102572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) display non-motor symptoms arising prior to the appearance of motor signs and before a clear diagnosis. Motor and non-motor symptoms correlate with progressive deposition of the protein alpha-synuclein (Asyn) both within and outside of the central nervous system, and its accumulation parallels neurodegeneration. The genome of Caenorhabditis elegans does not encode a homolog of Asyn, thus rendering this nematode an invaluable system with which to investigate PD-related mechanisms in the absence of interference from endogenous Asyn aggregation. CED-10 is the nematode homolog of human RAC1, a small GTPase needed to maintain the function and survival of dopaminergic neurons against human Asyn-induced toxicity in C. elegans. Here, we introduce C. elegans RAC1/ced-10 mutants as a predictive tool to investigate early PD symptoms before neurodegeneration occurs. Deep phenotyping of these animals reveals that, early in development, they displayed altered defecation cycles, GABAergic abnormalities and an increased oxidation index. Moreover, they exhibited altered lipid metabolism evidenced by the accumulation of lipid droplets. Lipidomic fingerprinting indicates that phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin, but not phosphatidylethanolamine or phosphatidylserine, were elevated in RAC1/ced-10 mutant nematodes. These collective characteristics reflect the non-motor dysfunction, GABAergic neurotransmission defects, upregulation of stress response mechanisms, and metabolic changes associated with early-onset PD. Thus, we put forward an easy-to-manipulate preclinical animal model to deepen our understanding of early-stage PD and accelerate the translational path for therapeutic target discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Muñoz-Juan
- Group of Nanoparticles and Nanocomposites, Institut Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Benseny-Cases
- Biophysics Unit. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Guha
- Nautilus Biotechnology, 835 Industrial Rd, San Carlos, CA 94070, USA
| | - I Barba
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Institute for Research and Innovation in Life Sciences and Health in Central Catalonia (IRIS-CC), Can Baumann, 08500 Vic, Spain
| | - K A Caldwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA; Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, and Nathan Shock Center of Excellence in the Basic Biology of Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - G A Caldwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA; Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, and Nathan Shock Center of Excellence in the Basic Biology of Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - L Agulló
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Institute for Research and Innovation in Life Sciences and Health in Central Catalonia (IRIS-CC), Can Baumann, 08500 Vic, Spain
| | - V J Yuste
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institut de Neurociències, Faculty of Medicine, M2, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra Campus, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Laromaine
- Group of Nanoparticles and Nanocomposites, Institut Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Dalfó
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Institute for Research and Innovation in Life Sciences and Health in Central Catalonia (IRIS-CC), Can Baumann, 08500 Vic, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institut de Neurociències, Faculty of Medicine, M2, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra Campus, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Campus UAB, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
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16
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DuMez-Kornegay RN, Baker LS, Morris AJ, DeLoach WLM, Dowen RH. Kombucha Tea-associated microbes remodel host metabolic pathways to suppress lipid accumulation. PLoS Genet 2024; 20:e1011003. [PMID: 38547054 PMCID: PMC10977768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The popularity of the ancient, probiotic-rich beverage Kombucha Tea (KT) has surged in part due to its purported health benefits, which include protection against metabolic diseases; however, these claims have not been rigorously tested and the mechanisms underlying host response to the probiotics in KT are unknown. Here, we establish a reproducible method to maintain C. elegans on a diet exclusively consisting of Kombucha Tea-associated microbes (KTM), which mirrors the microbial community found in the fermenting culture. KT microbes robustly colonize the gut of KTM-fed animals and confer normal development and fecundity. Intriguingly, animals consuming KTMs display a marked reduction in total lipid stores and lipid droplet size. We find that the reduced fat accumulation phenotype is not due to impaired nutrient absorption, but rather it is sustained by a programed metabolic response in the intestine of the host. KTM consumption triggers widespread transcriptional changes within core lipid metabolism pathways, including upregulation of a suite of lysosomal lipase genes that are induced during lipophagy. The elevated lysosomal lipase activity, coupled with a decrease in lipid droplet biogenesis, is partially required for the reduction in host lipid content. We propose that KTM consumption stimulates a fasting-like response in the C. elegans intestine by rewiring transcriptional programs to promote lipid utilization. Our results provide mechanistic insight into how the probiotics in Kombucha Tea reshape host metabolism and how this popular beverage may impact human metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel N. DuMez-Kornegay
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Lillian S. Baker
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Alexis J. Morris
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Whitney L. M. DeLoach
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Robert H. Dowen
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Integrative Program for Biological and Genome Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
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17
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Jia W, Wang W, Yu D, Yu Y, Feng Z, Li H, Zhang J, Zhang H. Structural Elucidation of a Polysaccharide from Flammulina velutipes and Its Lipid-Lowering and Immunomodulation Activities. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:598. [PMID: 38475282 DOI: 10.3390/polym16050598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
FVPT1, a novel heteropolysaccharide, was purified from the fruiting body of Flammulina velutipes using magnetic-field-assisted three-phase partitioning and gel permeation chromatography. The structure was characterized using monosaccharide composition and methylation analysis, infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The FVPT1 (~1.64 × 104 Da) was composed of L-fucose, D-galactose, D-glucose and D-mannose at a molar ratio of 1.0:3.5:1.0:1.4. The polysaccharide repeating unit of FVPT1 was established with methylation analyses and NMR spectroscopy. Moreover, a zebrafish larva hyperlipidemia model test demonstrated that FVPT1 can show appreciable lipid-lowering effects. In addition, the FVPT1 exhibited remarkable immunoregulatory activity by increasing nitric oxide, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-1 secretion in macrophages. Therefore, these results suggest that FVPT1 has the potential to be developed into a new immune or hypolipidemic health product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jia
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungal Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, National R&D Center for Edible Fungal Processing, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Wenhan Wang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungal Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, National R&D Center for Edible Fungal Processing, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Dongsheng Yu
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungal Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, National R&D Center for Edible Fungal Processing, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Yangchao Yu
- Jiangsu Chinagreen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Suqian 223700, China
| | - Zhan Feng
- Jiangsu Chinagreen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Suqian 223700, China
| | - Hewen Li
- Jiangsu Chinagreen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Suqian 223700, China
| | - Jingsong Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungal Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, National R&D Center for Edible Fungal Processing, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Henan Zhang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungal Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, National R&D Center for Edible Fungal Processing, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding of Shanghai, Shanghai 201403, China
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18
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Wu Y, Lee M, Mutlu AS, Wang M, Reiner DJ. RAL-1 signaling regulates lipid composition in C. elegans. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2024; 2024. [PMID: 38454952 PMCID: PMC10918476 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.001054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Signaling by the Ral small GTPase is poorly understood in vivo . Caenorhabditis elegans animals with constitutively activated RAL-1 or deficient for the inhibitory RalGAP, HGAP-1 /2, display pale intestines. Staining with Oil Red O detected decreased intestinal lipids in the hgap-1 deletion mutant relative to the wild type. Constitutively activated RAL-1 decreased lipid detected by stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy, a label-free method of detecting lipid by laser excitation and detection. A signaling-deficient missense mutant for RAL-1 also displayed reduced lipid staining via SRS. We conclude that RAL-1 signaling regulates lipid homeostasis, biosynthesis or storage in live animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Wu
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX
| | - Minjung Lee
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX
| | - A Sena Mutlu
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Meng Wang
- Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, Virginia, United States
| | - David J Reiner
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX
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19
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Wei H, Weaver YM, Yang C, Zhang Y, Hu G, Karner CM, Sieber M, DeBerardinis RJ, Weaver BP. Proteolytic activation of fatty acid synthase signals pan-stress resolution. Nat Metab 2024; 6:113-126. [PMID: 38167727 PMCID: PMC10822777 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00939-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Chronic stress and inflammation are both outcomes and major drivers of many human diseases. Sustained responsiveness despite mitigation suggests a failure to sense resolution of the stressor. Here we show that a proteolytic cleavage event of fatty acid synthase (FASN) activates a global cue for stress resolution in Caenorhabditis elegans. FASN is well established for biosynthesis of the fatty acid palmitate. Our results demonstrate FASN promoting an anti-inflammatory profile apart from palmitate synthesis. Redox-dependent proteolysis of limited amounts of FASN by caspase activates a C-terminal fragment sufficient to downregulate multiple aspects of stress responsiveness, including gene expression, metabolic programs and lipid droplets. The FASN C-terminal fragment signals stress resolution in a cell non-autonomous manner. Consistent with these findings, FASN processing is also seen in well-fed but not fasted male mouse liver. As downregulation of stress responses is critical to health, our findings provide a potential pathway to control diverse aspects of stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yi M Weaver
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Chendong Yang
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Guoli Hu
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Matthew Sieber
- Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
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20
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Liu F, Cao X, Zhou L. Lipid metabolism analysis providing insights into nonylphenol multi-toxicity mechanism. iScience 2023; 26:108417. [PMID: 38053636 PMCID: PMC10694653 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP), a widely recognized endocrine disruptor, exhibits lipophobic properties that drive its accumulation in adipose tissue, leading to various physiological disruptions. Using Caenorhabditis elegans, this study investigated the effects of NP exposure on lipid homeostasis and physiological indicators. NP exposure increased lipid storage, hindered reproduction and growth, and altered phospholipid composition. Transcriptional analysis revealed NP's promotion of lipogenesis and inhibition of lipolysis. Metabolites related to lipid metabolism like citrate, amino acids, and neurotransmitters, along with lipids, collectively influenced physiological processes. This work elucidates the complex link between lipid metabolism disturbances and NP-induced physiological disruptions, enhancing our understanding of NP's multifaceted toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuwen Liu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Xue Cao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants, School of Resources & Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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21
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Chen S, Su X, Zhu J, Xiao L, Cong Y, Yang L, Du Z, Huang X. Metabolic plasticity sustains the robustness of Caenorhabditis elegans embryogenesis. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e57440. [PMID: 37885348 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202357440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryogenesis is highly dependent on maternally loaded materials, particularly those used for energy production. Different environmental conditions and genetic backgrounds shape embryogenesis. The robustness of embryogenesis in response to extrinsic and intrinsic changes remains incompletely understood. By analyzing the levels of two major nutrients, glycogen and neutral lipids, we discovered stage-dependent usage of these two nutrients along with mitochondrial morphology changes during Caenorhabditis elegans embryogenesis. ATGL, the rate-limiting lipase in cellular lipolysis, is expressed and required in the hypodermis to regulate mitochondrial function and support embryogenesis. The embryonic lethality of atgl-1 mutants can be suppressed by reducing sinh-1/age-1-akt signaling, likely through modulating glucose metabolism to maintain sustainable glucose consumption. The embryonic lethality of atgl-1(xd314) is also affected by parental nutrition. Parental glucose and oleic acid supplements promote glycogen storage in atgl-1(xd314) embryos to compensate for the impaired lipolysis. The rescue by parental vitamin B12 supplement is likely through enhancing mitochondrial function in atgl-1 mutants. These findings reveal that metabolic plasticity contributes to the robustness of C. elegans embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Su
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinglin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Long Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Leilei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Du
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
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22
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Sharma CP, Vyas A, Pandey P, Gupta S, Vats RP, Jaiswal SP, Bhatt MLB, Sachdeva M, Goel A. A new class of teraryl-based AIEgen for highly selective imaging of intracellular lipid droplets and its detection in advanced-stage human cervical cancer tissues. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:9922-9932. [PMID: 37840367 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01764h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) have drawn much attention in recent years. They serve as the energy reservoir of cells and also play an important role in numerous physiological processes. Furthermore, LDs are found to be associated with several pathological conditions, including cancer and diabetes mellitus. Herein, we report a new class of teraryl-based donor-acceptor-appended aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen), 6a, for selective staining of intracellular LDs in in vitro live 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and the HeLa cancer cell line. In addition, AIEgen 6a was found to be capable of staining and quantifying the LD accumulation in the tissue sections of advanced-stage human cervical cancer patients. Unlike commercial LD staining dyes Nile Red, BODIPY and LipidTOX, AIEgen 6a showed a high Stokes shift (195 nm), a good fluorescence lifetime decay of 12.7 ns, and LD staining persisting for nearly two weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Prakash Sharma
- Fluorescent Chemistry Lab, Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Akanksha Vyas
- Division of Endocrinology CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Priyanka Pandey
- Fluorescent Chemistry Lab, Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | - Shashwat Gupta
- Fluorescent Chemistry Lab, Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ravi Prakash Vats
- Fluorescent Chemistry Lab, Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sakshi Priya Jaiswal
- Fluorescent Chemistry Lab, Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
| | | | - Monika Sachdeva
- Division of Endocrinology CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Atul Goel
- Fluorescent Chemistry Lab, Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
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23
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Kumar AV, Mills J, Parker WM, Leitão JA, Rodriguez DI, Daigle SE, Ng C, Patel R, Aguilera JL, Johnson JR, Wong SQ, Lapierre LR. Lipid droplets modulate proteostasis, SQST-1/SQSTM1 dynamics, and lifespan in C. elegans. iScience 2023; 26:107960. [PMID: 37810233 PMCID: PMC10551902 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In several long-lived Caenorhabditis elegans strains, such as insulin/IGF-1 receptor daf-2 mutants, enhanced proteostatic mechanisms are accompanied by elevated intestinal lipid stores, but their role in longevity is unclear. Here, while determining the regulatory network of the selective autophagy receptor SQST-1/SQSTM1, we uncovered an important role for lipid droplets in proteostasis and longevity. Using genome-wide RNAi screening, we identified several SQST-1 modulators, including lipid droplets-associated and aggregation-prone proteins. Expansion of intestinal lipid droplets by silencing the conserved cytosolic triacylglycerol lipase gene atgl-1/ATGL enhanced autophagy, and extended lifespan. Notably, a substantial amount of ubiquitinated proteins were found on lipid droplets. Reducing lipid droplet levels exacerbated the proteostatic collapse when autophagy or proteasome function was compromised, and significantly reduced the lifespan of long-lived daf-2 animals. Altogether, our study uncovered a key role for lipid droplets in C. elegans as a proteostatic mediator that modulates ubiquitinated protein accumulation, facilitates autophagy, and promotes longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita V Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Joslyn Mills
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Biology Department, Wheaton College, 26 E. Main Street, Norton, MA 02766, USA
| | - Wesley M Parker
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Joshua A Leitão
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Diego I Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Sandrine E Daigle
- New Brunswick Center for Precision Medicine, 27 rue Providence, Moncton, NB E1C 8X3, Canada
- Département de chimie et biochimie, Université de Moncton, 18 Antonine Maillet, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada
| | - Celeste Ng
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Rishi Patel
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Joseph L Aguilera
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Joseph R Johnson
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Shi Quan Wong
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Louis R Lapierre
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- New Brunswick Center for Precision Medicine, 27 rue Providence, Moncton, NB E1C 8X3, Canada
- Département de chimie et biochimie, Université de Moncton, 18 Antonine Maillet, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada
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24
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Shen K, Durieux J, Mena CG, Webster BM, Kimberly Tsui C, Zhang H, Joe L, Berendzen K, Dillin A. The germline coordinates mitokine signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.21.554217. [PMID: 37873079 PMCID: PMC10592821 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.21.554217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The ability of mitochondria to coordinate stress responses across tissues is critical for health. In C. elegans , neurons experiencing mitochondrial stress elicit an inter-tissue signaling pathway through the release of mitokine signals, such as serotonin or the WNT ligand EGL-20, which activate the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR MT ) in the periphery to promote organismal health and lifespan. We find that germline mitochondria play a surprising role in neuron-to-peripheral UPR MT signaling. Specifically, we find that germline mitochondria signal downstream of neuronal mitokines, like WNT and serotonin, and upstream of lipid metabolic pathways in the periphery to regulate UPR MT activation. We also find that the germline tissue itself is essential in UPR MT signaling. We propose that the germline has a central signaling role in coordinating mitochondrial stress responses across tissues, and germline mitochondria play a defining role in this coordination because of their inherent roles in germline integrity and inter-tissue signaling.
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25
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Kim HS, Parker DJ, Hardiman MM, Munkácsy E, Jiang N, Rogers AN, Bai Y, Brent C, Mobley JA, Austad SN, Pickering AM. Early-adulthood spike in protein translation drives aging via juvenile hormone/germline signaling. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5021. [PMID: 37596266 PMCID: PMC10439225 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40618-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein translation (PT) declines with age in invertebrates, rodents, and humans. It has been assumed that elevated PT at young ages is beneficial to health and PT ends up dropping as a passive byproduct of aging. In Drosophila, we show that a transient elevation in PT during early-adulthood exerts long-lasting negative impacts on aging trajectories and proteostasis in later-life. Blocking the early-life PT elevation robustly improves life-/health-span and prevents age-related protein aggregation, whereas transiently inducing an early-life PT surge in long-lived fly strains abolishes their longevity/proteostasis benefits. The early-life PT elevation triggers proteostatic dysfunction, silences stress responses, and drives age-related functional decline via juvenile hormone-lipid transfer protein axis and germline signaling. Our findings suggest that PT is adaptively suppressed after early-adulthood, alleviating later-life proteostatic burden, slowing down age-related functional decline, and improving lifespan. Our work provides a theoretical framework for understanding how lifetime PT dynamics shape future aging trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harper S Kim
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Danitra J Parker
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Madison M Hardiman
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Erin Munkácsy
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Nisi Jiang
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Aric N Rogers
- MDI Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04672, USA
| | - Yidong Bai
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Colin Brent
- USDA-ARS Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, AZ, 85138, USA
| | - James A Mobley
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35249, USA
| | - Steven N Austad
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
- Nathan Shock Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Andrew M Pickering
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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26
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Tsai YT, Chang CH, Tsai HY. Rege-1 promotes C. elegans survival by modulating IIS and TOR pathways. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010869. [PMID: 37556491 PMCID: PMC10441803 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic pathways are known to sense the environmental stimuli and result in physiological adjustments. The responding processes need to be tightly controlled. Here, we show that upon encountering P. aeruginosa, C. elegans upregulate the transcription factor ets-4, but this upregulation is attenuated by the ribonuclease, rege-1. As such, mutants with defective REGE-1 ribonuclease activity undergo ets-4-dependent early death upon challenge with P. aeruginosa. Furthermore, mRNA-seq analysis revealed associated global changes in two key metabolic pathways, the IIS (insulin/IGF signaling) and TOR (target of rapamycin) kinase signaling pathways. In particular, failure to degrade ets-4 mRNA in activity-defective rege-1 mutants resulted in upregulation of class II longevity genes, which are suppressed during longevity, and activation of TORC1 kinase signaling pathway. Genetic inhibition of either pathway way was sufficient to abolish the poor survival phenotype in rege-1 worms. Further analysis of ETS-4 ChIP data from ENCODE and characterization of one upregulated class II gene, ins-7, support that the Class II genes are activated by ETS-4. Interestingly, deleting an upregulated Class II gene, acox-1.5, a peroxisome β-oxidation enzyme, largely rescues the fat lost phenotype and survival difference between rege-1 mutants and wild-types. Thus, rege-1 appears to be crucial for animal survival due to its tight regulation of physiological responses to environmental stimuli. This function is reminiscent of its mammalian ortholog, Regnase-1, which modulates the intestinal mTORC1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsi Chang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yue Tsai
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center of Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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27
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Chen CH, Yu JY, Yang Z, Ke JP, Qi Y, Yang Y, Gao B, Yao G, Bao GH. Novel methylated flavoalkaloids from Echa 1 green tea inhibit fat accumulation and enhance stress resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans. Food Chem 2023; 413:135643. [PMID: 36773353 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Methylation is a common structural modification of catechins in tea, which can improve the bioavailability of catechins. Flavoalkaloids are catechin derivatives with a nitrogen containing five-membered ring at the C-6 or C-8 position. Here we isolated three new methylated flavoalkaloids from Echa 1 green tea (Camellia sinensis cv. Echa 1) and synthesized another four new methylated flavoalkaloids. The structures of the new ester-type methylated catechins (etmc)-pyrrolidinone A-G (1-7) were elucidated by various spectroscopic techniques, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), optical rotation, infrared, UV-vis, experimental and calculated circular dichroism (CD) spectra, and high-resolution mass. Among them, 6 and 7 showed the strongest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and significantly lowered lipid content of Caenorhabditis elegans with 73.50 and 67.39% inhibition rate, respectively. Meanwhile, 6 and 7 also exhibited strong antioxidant activity in vitro and stress resistance to heat, oxidative stress, and UV irradiation in nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hui Chen
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Jing-Ya Yu
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Zi Yang
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Jia-Ping Ke
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Yan Qi
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Yi Yang
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Biao Gao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Guangmin Yao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Guan-Hu Bao
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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28
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Chaturbedi A, Lee SS. Different gametogenesis states uniquely impact longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.13.544885. [PMID: 37398385 PMCID: PMC10312764 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.13.544885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Curtailed reproduction affects lifespan and fat metabolism in diverse organisms, suggesting a regulatory axis between these processes. In Caenorhabditis elegans, ablation of germline stem cells (GSCs) leads to extended lifespan and increased fat accumulation, suggesting GSCs emit signals that modulate systemic physiology. Previous studies mainly focused on the germline-less glp-1(e2141) mutant, however, the hermaphroditic germline of C. elegans provides an excellent opportunity to study the impact of different types of germline anomalies on longevity and fat metabolism. In this study, we compared the metabolomic, transcriptomic, and genetic pathway differences in three sterile mutants: germline-less glp-1, feminized fem-3, and masculinized mog-3. We found that although the three sterile mutants all accumulate excess fat and share expression changes in stress response and metabolism genes, the germline-less glp-1 mutant exhibits the most robust lifespan increase, whereas the feminized fem-3 mutant only lives longer at specific temperatures, and the masculinized mog-3 mutant lives drastically shorter. We demonstrated that overlapping but distinct genetic pathways are required for the longevity of the three different sterile mutants. Our data showed that disruptions of different germ cell populations result in unique and complex physiological and longevity consequences, highlighting exciting avenues for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaresh Chaturbedi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Siu Sylvia Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
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29
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Martínez-Rodríguez P, Guerrero-Rubio MA, Hernández-García S, Henarejos-Escudero P, García-Carmona F, Gandía-Herrero F. Characterization of betalain-loaded liposomes and its bioactive potential in vivo after ingestion. Food Chem 2023; 407:135180. [PMID: 36521390 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Betalains are plant pigments characterized by showing a wide range of beneficial properties for health. Its bioactive potential has been studied for the first time after its encapsulation in liposomes and subsequent administration to the animal model Caenorhabditis elegans. Phenylalanine-betaxanthin and indoline carboxylic acid-betacyanin encapsulated at concentrations of 25 and 500 μM managed to reduce lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in the nematodes. Highly antioxidant betalains dopaxanthin and betanidin were also included in the survival analyses. The results showed that phenylalanine-betaxanthin was the most effective betalain by increasing the lifespan of C. elegans by 21.8%. In addition, the administration of encapsulated natural betanidin increased the nematodes' survival rate by up to 13.8%. The preservation of the bioactive properties of betalains manifested in this study means that the stabilization of the plant pigments through encapsulation in liposomes can be postulated as a new way for administration in pharmacological and food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Martínez-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular A, Unidad Docente de Biología, Facultad de Veterinaria. Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | - M Alejandra Guerrero-Rubio
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular A, Unidad Docente de Biología, Facultad de Veterinaria. Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Samanta Hernández-García
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular A, Unidad Docente de Biología, Facultad de Veterinaria. Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Paula Henarejos-Escudero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular A, Unidad Docente de Biología, Facultad de Veterinaria. Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Francisco García-Carmona
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular A, Unidad Docente de Biología, Facultad de Veterinaria. Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Fernando Gandía-Herrero
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular A, Unidad Docente de Biología, Facultad de Veterinaria. Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
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30
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Sala AJ, Grant RA, Imran G, Morton C, Brielmann RM, Bott LC, Watts J, Morimoto RI. Nuclear receptor signaling via NHR-49/MDT-15 regulates stress resilience and proteostasis in response to reproductive and metabolic cues. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.25.537803. [PMID: 37162952 PMCID: PMC10168274 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.25.537803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The ability to sense and respond to proteotoxic insults declines with age, leaving cells vulnerable to chronic and acute stressors. Reproductive cues modulate this decline in cellular proteostasis to influence organismal stress resilience in C. elegans. We previously uncovered a pathway that links the integrity of developing embryos to somatic health in reproductive adults. Here, we show that the nuclear receptor NHR-49, a functional homolog of mammalian peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), regulates stress resilience and proteostasis downstream of embryo integrity and other pathways that influence lipid homeostasis, and upstream of HSF-1. Disruption of the vitelline layer of the embryo envelope, which activates a proteostasis-enhancing inter-tissue pathway in somatic tissues, also triggers changes in lipid catabolism gene expression that are accompanied by an increase in fat stores. NHR-49 together with its co-activator MDT-15 contributes to this remodeling of lipid metabolism and is also important for the elevated stress resilience mediated by inhibition of the embryonic vitelline layer as well as by other pathways known to change lipid homeostasis, including reduced insulin-like signaling and fasting. Further, we show that increased NHR-49 activity is sufficient to suppress polyglutamine aggregation and improve stress resilience in an HSF-1-dependent manner. Together, our results establish NHR-49 as a key regulator that links lipid homeostasis and cellular resilience to proteotoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambre J. Sala
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gifsur-Yvette, France
| | - Rogan A. Grant
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ghania Imran
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
| | - Claire Morton
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
| | - Renee M. Brielmann
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
| | - Laura C. Bott
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
| | - Jennifer Watts
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman WA, USA
| | - Richard I. Morimoto
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston IL, USA
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31
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Chen WW, Tang W, Hamerton EK, Kuo PX, Lemieux GA, Ashrafi K, Cicerone MT. Identifying lipid particle sub-types in live Caenorhabditis elegans with two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging. Front Chem 2023; 11:1161775. [PMID: 37123874 PMCID: PMC10137682 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1161775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fat metabolism is an important modifier of aging and longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Given the anatomy and hermaphroditic nature of C. elegans, a major challenge is to distinguish fats that serve the energetic needs of the parent from those that are allocated to the progeny. Broadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (BCARS) microscopy has revealed that the composition and dynamics of lipid particles are heterogeneous both within and between different tissues of this organism. Using BCARS, we have previously succeeded in distinguishing lipid-rich particles that serve as energetic reservoirs of the parent from those that are destined for the progeny. While BCARS microscopy produces high-resolution images with very high information content, it is not yet a widely available platform. Here we report a new approach combining the lipophilic vital dye Nile Red and two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (2p-FLIM) for the in vivo discrimination of lipid particle sub-types. While it is widely accepted that Nile Red staining yields unreliable results for detecting lipid structures in live C. elegans due to strong interference of autofluorescence and non-specific staining signals, our results show that simple FLIM phasor analysis can effectively separate those signals and is capable of differentiating the non-polar lipid-dominant (lipid-storage), polar lipid-dominant (yolk lipoprotein) particles, and the intermediates that have been observed using BCARS microscopy. An advantage of this approach is that images can be acquired using common, commercially available 2p-FLIM systems within about 10% of the time required to generate a BCARS image. Our work provides a novel, broadly accessible approach for analyzing lipid-containing structures in a complex, live whole organism context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wen Chen
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Wenyu Tang
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Emily K. Hamerton
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Penelope X. Kuo
- School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - George A. Lemieux
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Kaveh Ashrafi
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Marcus T. Cicerone
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Goswamy D, Gonzalez X, Labed SA, Irazoqui JE. C. elegans orphan nuclear receptor NHR-42 represses innate immunity and promotes lipid loss downstream of HLH-30/TFEB. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1094145. [PMID: 36860863 PMCID: PMC9968933 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1094145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, transcription factors of the Microphthalmia-TFE (MiT) family, including TFEB and TFE3 in mammals and HLH-30 in Caenorhabditis elegans, have emerged as important regulators of innate immunity and inflammation in invertebrates and vertebrates. Despite great strides in knowledge, the mechanisms that mediate downstream actions of MiT transcription factors in the context of innate host defense remain poorly understood. Here, we report that HLH-30, which promotes lipid droplet mobilization and host defense, induces the expression of orphan nuclear receptor NHR-42 during infection with Staphylococcus aureus. Remarkably, NHR-42 loss of function promoted host infection resistance, genetically defining NHR-42 as an HLH-30-controlled negative regulator of innate immunity. During infection, NHR-42 was required for lipid droplet loss, suggesting that it is an important effector of HLH-30 in lipid immunometabolism. Moreover, transcriptional profiling of nhr-42 mutants revealed wholesale activation of an antimicrobial signature, of which abf-2, cnc-2, and lec-11 were important for the enhanced survival of infection of nhr-42 mutants. These results advance our knowledge of the mechanisms by which MiT transcription factors promote host defense, and by analogy suggest that TFEB and TFE3 may similarly promote host defense via NHR-42-homologous nuclear receptors in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Javier E. Irazoqui
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
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Staab TA, McIntyre G, Wang L, Radeny J, Bettcher L, Guillen M, Peck MP, Kalil AP, Bromley SP, Raftery D, Chan JP. The lipidomes of C. elegans with mutations in asm-3/acid sphingomyelinase and hyl-2/ceramide synthase show distinct lipid profiles during aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:650-674. [PMID: 36787434 PMCID: PMC9970312 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism affects cell and physiological functions that mediate animal healthspan and lifespan. Lipidomics approaches in model organisms have allowed us to better understand changes in lipid composition related to age and lifespan. Here, using the model C. elegans, we examine the lipidomes of mutants lacking enzymes critical for sphingolipid metabolism; specifically, we examine acid sphingomyelinase (asm-3), which breaks down sphingomyelin to ceramide, and ceramide synthase (hyl-2), which synthesizes ceramide from sphingosine. Worm asm-3 and hyl-2 mutants have been previously found to be long- and short-lived, respectively. We analyzed longitudinal lipid changes in wild type animals compared to mutants at 1-, 5-, and 10-days of age. We detected over 700 different lipids in several lipid classes. Results indicate that wildtype animals exhibit increased triacylglycerols (TAG) at 10-days compared to 1-day, and decreased lysophoshatidylcholines (LPC). We find that 10-day hyl-2 mutants have elevated total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and increased LPCs compared to 10-day wildtype animals. These changes mirror another short-lived model, the daf-16/FOXO transcription factor that is downstream of the insulin-like signaling pathway. In addition, we find that hyl-2 mutants have poor oxidative stress response, supporting a model where mutants with elevated PUFAs may accumulate more oxidative damage. On the other hand, 10-day asm-3 mutants have fewer TAGs. Intriguingly, asm-3 mutants have a similar lipid composition as the long-lived, caloric restriction model eat-2/mAChR mutant. Together, these analyses highlight the utility of lipidomic analyses to characterize metabolic changes during aging in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trisha A. Staab
- Department of Biology, Marian University, Indianapolis, IN 46222, USA
| | - Grace McIntyre
- Department of Biology, Marian University, Indianapolis, IN 46222, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Joycelyn Radeny
- Department of Biology, Juniata College, Huntingdon, PA 16652, USA
| | - Lisa Bettcher
- Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Melissa Guillen
- Department of Biology, Marian University, Indianapolis, IN 46222, USA
| | - Margaret P. Peck
- Department of Biology, Juniata College, Huntingdon, PA 16652, USA
| | - Azia P. Kalil
- Department of Biology, Juniata College, Huntingdon, PA 16652, USA
| | | | - Daniel Raftery
- Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jason P. Chan
- Department of Biology, Marian University, Indianapolis, IN 46222, USA
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Palikaras K, Mari M, Ploumi C, Princz A, Filippidis G, Tavernarakis N. Age-dependent nuclear lipid droplet deposition is a cellular hallmark of aging in Caenorhabditis elegans. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13788. [PMID: 36718841 PMCID: PMC10086520 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is the major risk factor for several life-threatening pathologies and impairs the function of multiple cellular compartments and organelles. Age-dependent deterioration of nuclear morphology is a common feature in evolutionarily divergent organisms. Lipid droplets have been shown to localize in most nuclear compartments, where they impinge on genome architecture and integrity. However, the significance of progressive nuclear lipid accumulation and its impact on organismal homeostasis remain obscure. Here, we implement non-linear imaging modalities to monitor and quantify age-dependent nuclear lipid deposition in Caenorhabditis elegans. We find that lipid droplets increasingly accumulate in the nuclear envelope, during aging. Longevity-promoting interventions, such as low insulin signaling and caloric restriction, abolish the rate of nuclear lipid accrual and decrease the size of lipid droplets. Suppression of lipotoxic lipid accumulation in hypodermal and intestinal nuclei is dependent on the transcription factor HLH-30/TFEB and the triglyceride lipase ATGL-1. HLH-30 regulates the expression of ATGL-1 to reduce nuclear lipid droplet abundance in response to lifespan-extending conditions. Notably, ATGL-1 localizes to the nuclear envelope and moderates lipid content in long-lived mutant nematodes during aging. Our findings indicate that the reduced ATGL-1 activity leads to excessive nuclear lipid accumulation, perturbing nuclear homeostasis and undermining organismal physiology, during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Palikaras
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Meropi Mari
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Christina Ploumi
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece.,Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Andrea Princz
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Filippidis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Nektarios Tavernarakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece.,Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Application of Caenorhabditis elegans in Lipid Metabolism Research. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021173. [PMID: 36674689 PMCID: PMC9860639 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, the development and prevalence of obesity have posed a serious public health risk, which has prompted studies on the regulation of adiposity. With the ease of genetic manipulation, the diversity of the methods for characterizing body fat levels, and the observability of feeding behavior, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is considered an excellent model for exploring energy homeostasis and the regulation of the cellular fat storage. In addition, the homology with mammals in the genes related to the lipid metabolism allows many aspects of lipid modulation by the regulators of the central nervous system to be conserved in this ideal model organism. In recent years, as the complex network of genes that maintain an energy balance has been gradually expanded and refined, the regulatory mechanisms of lipid storage have become clearer. Furthermore, the development of methods and devices to assess the lipid levels has become a powerful tool for studies in lipid droplet biology and the regulation of the nematode lipid metabolism. Herein, based on the rapid progress of C. elegans lipid metabolism-related studies, this review outlined the lipid metabolic processes, the major signaling pathways of fat storage regulation, and the primary experimental methods to assess the lipid content in nematodes. Therefore, this model system holds great promise for facilitating the understanding, management, and therapies of human obesity and other metabolism-related diseases.
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36
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Castillo-Quan JI, Steinbaugh MJ, Fernández-Cárdenas LP, Pohl NK, Wu Z, Zhu F, Moroz N, Teixeira V, Bland MS, Lehrbach NJ, Moronetti L, Teufl M, Blackwell TK. An antisteatosis response regulated by oleic acid through lipid droplet-mediated ERAD enhancement. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadc8917. [PMID: 36598980 PMCID: PMC9812393 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adc8917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Although excessive lipid accumulation is a hallmark of obesity-related pathologies, some lipids are beneficial. Oleic acid (OA), the most abundant monounsaturated fatty acid (FA), promotes health and longevity. Here, we show that OA benefits Caenorhabditis elegans by activating the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident transcription factor SKN-1A (Nrf1/NFE2L1) in a lipid homeostasis response. SKN-1A/Nrf1 is cleared from the ER by the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) machinery and stabilized when proteasome activity is low and canonically maintains proteasome homeostasis. Unexpectedly, OA increases nuclear SKN-1A levels independently of proteasome activity, through lipid droplet-dependent enhancement of ERAD. In turn, SKN-1A reduces steatosis by reshaping the lipid metabolism transcriptome and mediates longevity from OA provided through endogenous accumulation, reduced H3K4 trimethylation, or dietary supplementation. Our findings reveal an unexpected mechanism of FA signal transduction, as well as a lipid homeostasis pathway that provides strategies for opposing steatosis and aging, and may mediate some benefits of the OA-rich Mediterranean diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Iván Castillo-Quan
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael J. Steinbaugh
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura Paulette Fernández-Cárdenas
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nancy K. Pohl
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ziyun Wu
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Feimei Zhu
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Natalie Moroz
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Biology Department, Emmanuel College, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Veronica Teixeira
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Monet S. Bland
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicolas J. Lehrbach
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lorenza Moronetti
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Magdalena Teufl
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T. Keith Blackwell
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Corresponding author.
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Shi C, Murphy CT. piRNAs regulate a Hedgehog germline-to-soma pro-aging signal. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:47-63. [PMID: 37118518 PMCID: PMC10154208 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00329-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
The reproductive system regulates somatic aging through competing anti- and pro-aging signals. Germline removal extends somatic lifespan through conserved pathways including insulin and mammalian target-of-rapamycin signaling, while germline hyperactivity shortens lifespan through unknown mechanisms. Here we show that mating-induced germline hyperactivity downregulates piRNAs, in turn desilencing their targets, including the Hedgehog-like ligand-encoding genes wrt-1 and wrt-10, ultimately causing somatic collapse and death. Germline-produced Hedgehog signals require PTR-6 and PTR-16 receptors for mating-induced shrinking and death. Our results reveal an unconventional role of the piRNA pathway in transcriptional regulation of Hedgehog signaling and a new role of Hedgehog signaling in the regulation of longevity and somatic maintenance: Hedgehog signaling is controlled by the tunable piRNA pathway to encode the previously unknown germline-to-soma pro-aging signal. Mating-induced piRNA downregulation in the germline and subsequent Hedgehog signaling to the soma enable the animal to tune somatic resource allocation to germline needs, optimizing reproductive timing and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Shi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | - Coleen T Murphy
- Department of Molecular Biology and Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
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Fatty acids derived from the probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HA-114 suppress age-dependent neurodegeneration. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1340. [PMID: 36477191 PMCID: PMC9729297 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human microbiota is believed to influence health. Microbiome dysbiosis may be linked to neurological conditions like Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington's disease. We report the ability of a probiotic bacterial strain in halting neurodegeneration phenotypes. We show that Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HA-114 is neuroprotective in C. elegans models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Huntington's disease. Our results show that neuroprotection from L. rhamnosus HA-114 is unique from other L. rhamnosus strains and resides in its fatty acid content. Neuroprotection by L. rhamnosus HA-114 requires acdh-1/ACADSB, kat-1/ACAT1 and elo-6/ELOVL3/6, which are associated with fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial β-oxidation. Our data suggest that disrupted lipid metabolism contributes to neurodegeneration and that dietary intervention with L. rhamnosus HA-114 restores lipid homeostasis and energy balance through mitochondrial β-oxidation. Our findings encourage the exploration of L. rhamnosus HA-114 derived interventions to modify the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Lo WS, Roca M, Dardiry M, Mackie M, Eberhardt G, Witte H, Hong R, Sommer RJ, Lightfoot JW. Evolution and Diversity of TGF-β Pathways are Linked with Novel Developmental and Behavioral Traits. Mol Biol Evol 2022; 39:msac252. [PMID: 36469861 PMCID: PMC9733428 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msac252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling is essential for numerous biologic functions. It is a highly conserved pathway found in all metazoans including the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, which has also been pivotal in identifying many components. Utilizing a comparative evolutionary approach, we explored TGF-β signaling in nine nematode species and revealed striking variability in TGF-β gene frequency across the lineage. Of the species analyzed, gene duplications in the DAF-7 pathway appear common with the greatest disparity observed in Pristionchus pacificus. Specifically, multiple paralogues of daf-3, daf-4 and daf-7 were detected. To investigate this additional diversity, we induced mutations in 22 TGF-β components and generated corresponding double, triple, and quadruple mutants revealing both conservation and diversification in function. Although the DBL-1 pathway regulating body morphology appears highly conserved, the DAF-7 pathway exhibits functional divergence, notably in some aspects of dauer formation. Furthermore, the formation of the phenotypically plastic mouth in P. pacificus is partially influenced through TGF-β with the strongest effect in Ppa-tag-68. This appears important for numerous processes in P. pacificus but has no known function in C. elegans. Finally, we observe behavioral differences in TGF-β mutants including in chemosensation and the establishment of the P. pacificus kin-recognition signal. Thus, TGF-β signaling in nematodes represents a stochastic genetic network capable of generating novel functions through the duplication and deletion of associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Sui Lo
- Department for Integrative Evolutionary Biology, Max-Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Max-Planck Ring 9, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marianne Roca
- Max Planck Research Group Genetics of Behavior, Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology of Behavior—Caesar, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mohannad Dardiry
- Department for Integrative Evolutionary Biology, Max-Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Max-Planck Ring 9, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marisa Mackie
- Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, CA
| | - Gabi Eberhardt
- Department for Integrative Evolutionary Biology, Max-Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Max-Planck Ring 9, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hanh Witte
- Department for Integrative Evolutionary Biology, Max-Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Max-Planck Ring 9, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ray Hong
- Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, CA
| | - Ralf J Sommer
- Department for Integrative Evolutionary Biology, Max-Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Max-Planck Ring 9, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - James W Lightfoot
- Max Planck Research Group Genetics of Behavior, Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology of Behavior—Caesar, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175, Bonn, Germany
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40
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Towards the development of phytoextract based healthy ageing cognitive booster formulation, explored through Caenorhabditis elegans model. THE NUCLEUS 2022; 65:303-320. [DOI: 10.1007/s13237-022-00407-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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41
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Bifendate inhibits autophagy at multiple steps and attenuates oleic acid-induced lipid accumulation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 631:115-123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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HRG-9 homologues regulate haem trafficking from haem-enriched compartments. Nature 2022; 610:768-774. [PMID: 36261532 PMCID: PMC9810272 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05347-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Haem is an iron-containing tetrapyrrole that is critical for a variety of cellular and physiological processes1-3. Haem binding proteins are present in almost all cellular compartments, but the molecular mechanisms that regulate the transport and use of haem within the cell remain poorly understood2,3. Here we show that haem-responsive gene 9 (HRG-9) (also known as transport and Golgi organization 2 (TANGO2)) is an evolutionarily conserved haem chaperone with a crucial role in trafficking haem out of haem storage or synthesis sites in eukaryotic cells. Loss of Caenorhabditis elegans hrg-9 and its paralogue hrg-10 results in the accumulation of haem in lysosome-related organelles, the haem storage site in worms. Similarly, deletion of the hrg-9 homologue TANGO2 in yeast and mammalian cells induces haem overload in mitochondria, the site of haem synthesis. We demonstrate that TANGO2 binds haem and transfers it from cellular membranes to apo-haemoproteins. Notably, homozygous tango2-/- zebrafish larvae develop pleiotropic symptoms including encephalopathy, cardiac arrhythmia and myopathy, and die during early development. These defects partially resemble the symptoms of human TANGO2-related metabolic encephalopathy and arrhythmias, a hereditary disease caused by mutations in TANGO24-8. Thus, the identification of HRG-9 as an intracellular haem chaperone provides a biological basis for exploring the aetiology and treatment of TANGO2-related disorders.
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Lu R, Chen J, Wang F, Wang L, Liu J, Lin Y. Lysosome Inhibition Reduces Basal and Nutrient-Induced Fat Accumulation in Caenorhabditis elegans. Mol Cells 2022; 45:649-659. [PMID: 36058890 PMCID: PMC9448645 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2022.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A long-term energy nutritional imbalance fundamentally causes the development of obesity and associated fat accumulation. Lysosomes, as nutrient-sensing and lipophagy centers, critically control cellular lipid catabolism in response to nutrient deprivation. However, whether lysosome activity is directly involved in nutrient-induced fat accumulation remains unclear. In this study, worm fat accumulation was induced by 1 mM glucose or 0.02 mM palmitic acid supplementation. Along with the elevation of fat accumulation, lysosomal number and acidification were also increased, suggesting that lysosome activity might be correlated with nutrient-induced fat deposition in Caenorhabditis elegans. Furthermore, treatments with the lysosomal inhibitors chloroquine and leupeptin significantly reduced basal and nutrient-induced fat accumulation in C. elegans. The knockdown of hlh-30, which is a critical gene in lysosomal biogenesis, also resulted in worm fat loss. Finally, the mutation of aak-2, daf-15, and rsks-1 showed that mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex-1) signaling mediated the effects of lysosomes on basal and nutrient-induced fat accumulation in C. elegans. Overall, this study reveals the previously undescribed role of lysosomes in overnutrition sensing, suggesting a new strategy for controlling body fat accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Juan Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Fangbin Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioprocess, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yan Lin
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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Nutrient sensing pathways regulating adult reproductive diapause in C. elegans. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274076. [PMID: 36112613 PMCID: PMC9480990 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic and environmental manipulations, such as dietary restriction, can improve both health span and lifespan in a wide range of organisms, including humans. Changes in nutrient intake trigger often overlapping metabolic pathways that can generate distinct or even opposite outputs depending on several factors, such as when dietary restriction occurs in the lifecycle of the organism or the nature of the changes in nutrients. Due to the complexity of metabolic pathways and the diversity in outputs, the underlying mechanisms regulating diet-associated pro-longevity are not yet well understood. Adult reproductive diapause (ARD) in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans is a dietary restriction model that is associated with lengthened lifespan and reproductive potential. To explore the metabolic pathways regulating ARD in greater depth, we performed a candidate-based genetic screen analyzing select nutrient-sensing pathways to determine their contribution to the regulation of ARD. Focusing on the three phases of ARD (initiation, maintenance, and recovery), we found that ARD initiation is regulated by fatty acid metabolism, sirtuins, AMPK, and the O-linked N-acetyl glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) pathway. Although ARD maintenance was not significantly influenced by the nutrient sensors in our screen, we found that ARD recovery was modulated by energy sensing, stress response, insulin-like signaling, and the TOR pathway. Further investigation of downstream targets of NHR-49 suggest the transcription factor influences ARD initiation through the fatty acid β-oxidation pathway. Consistent with these findings, our analysis revealed a change in levels of neutral lipids associated with ARD entry defects. Our findings identify conserved genetic pathways required for ARD entry and recovery and uncover genetic interactions that provide insight into the role of OGT and OGA.
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Liu M, Gao X, Shan S, Li Y, Wang J, Lu W. Eleutheroside E reduces intestinal fat accumulation in Caenorhabditis elegans through neuroendocrine signals. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:5219-5228. [PMID: 35297055 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acanthopanax senticosus, a small woody shrub of the family Araliaceae, can be used as a functional food with multiple biological activities. Eleutheroside E (EE), an important active component of A. senticosus, has significant effects on neurological diseases. However, whether EE can regulate lipid metabolism has not been reported. The brain can mediate communication between neurons and intestinal cells through long-distance neuroendocrine signals. We speculated that EE might regulate the intestinal lipid metabolism of Caenorhabditis elegans through neuroendocrine signals. RESULTS First, we found that EE reduced the intestinal fat content of C. elegans, without affecting development, reproduction, food intake or movement. In addition, EE significantly regulated genes and metabolites related to lipid metabolism. EE extensively affected fatty acid synthesis, β-oxidation and lipolysis processes, and regulated the content of various fatty acid and lipid metabolism intermediates. We finally proved that EE reduced intestinal fat storage through serotonin and neuropeptide flp-7-npr-22 pathways in the nervous system. CONCLUSION EE is expected to be a functional food that regulates lipid metabolism. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Liu
- Institute of Extreme Environment Nutrition and Protection, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Institute of Extreme Environment Nutrition and Protection, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Shan Shan
- Institute of Extreme Environment Nutrition and Protection, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yongzhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Astronaut Health Center, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Astronaut Health Center, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Weihong Lu
- Institute of Extreme Environment Nutrition and Protection, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis, Transformation and Separation of Extreme Environmental Nutrients, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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Booth LN, Shi C, Tantilert C, Yeo RW, Miklas JW, Hebestreit K, Hollenhorst CN, Maures TJ, Buckley MT, Murphy CT, Brunet A. Males induce premature demise of the opposite sex by multifaceted strategies. NATURE AGING 2022; 2:809-823. [PMID: 37118502 PMCID: PMC10154206 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00276-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between the sexes negatively impact health in many species. In Caenorhabditis, males shorten the lifespan of the opposite sex-hermaphrodites or females. Here we use transcriptomic profiling and targeted screens to systematically uncover conserved genes involved in male-induced demise in C. elegans. Some genes (for example, delm-2, acbp-3), when knocked down, are specifically protective against male-induced demise. Others (for example, sri-40), when knocked down, extend lifespan with and without males, suggesting general mechanisms of protection. In contrast, many classical long-lived mutants are impacted more negatively than wild type by the presence of males, highlighting the importance of sexual environment for longevity. Interestingly, genes induced by males are triggered by specific male components (seminal fluid, sperm and pheromone), and manipulating these genes in combination in hermaphrodites induces stronger protection. One of these genes, the conserved ion channel delm-2, acts in the nervous system and intestine to regulate lipid metabolism. Our analysis reveals striking differences in longevity in single sex versus mixed sex environments and uncovers elaborate strategies elicited by sexual interactions that could extend to other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren N Booth
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Calico Life Sciences, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Cheng Shi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- LSI Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Cindy Tantilert
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Robin W Yeo
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jason W Miklas
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Katja Hebestreit
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Travis J Maures
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Matthew T Buckley
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Coleen T Murphy
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
- LSI Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
| | - Anne Brunet
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging and Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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47
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Lebouvier M, Miramón-Puértolas P, Steinmetz PRH. Evolutionarily conserved aspects of animal nutrient uptake and transport in sea anemone vitellogenesis. Curr Biol 2022; 32:4620-4630.e5. [PMID: 36084649 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of systemic nutrient transport was a key challenge during animal evolution, yet it is poorly understood. Circulatory systems distribute nutrients in many bilaterians (e.g., vertebrates and arthropods) but are absent in non-bilaterians (e.g., cnidarians and sponges), where nutrient absorption and transport remain little explored at molecular and cellular levels. Vitellogenesis, the accumulation of egg yolk, necessitates high nutrient influx into oocytes and is present throughout animal phyla and therefore represents a well-suited paradigm to study nutrient transport evolution. With that aim, we investigated dietary nutrient transport to the oocytes in the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis (Anthozoa). Using a combination of fluorescent bead labeling and marker gene expression, we found that phagocytosis, micropinocytosis, and intracellular digestion of food components occur within the gonad epithelium. Pulse-chase experiments further show that labelled fatty acids rapidly translocate from the gonad epithelium through the extracellular matrix (ECM) into oocytes. Expression of conserved lipid transport proteins vitellogenin (vtg) and apolipoprotein-B (apoB) and colocalization of labeled fatty acids with a fluorescently tagged ApoB protein further support the lipid-shuttling role of the gonad epithelium. Complementary oocyte expression of very low-density lipoprotein receptor (vldlr) orthologs, which mediate endocytosis of bilaterian ApoB- and Vtg-lipoproteins, supports that this evolutionarily conserved ligand/receptor pair underlies lipid transport during sea anemone vitellogenesis. In addition, we identified lipid- and ApoB-rich cells with potential lipid transport roles in the ECM. Altogether, our work supports a long-standing hypothesis that an ECM-based lipid transport system predated the cnidarian-bilaterian split and provided a basis for the evolution of bilaterian circulatory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Lebouvier
- Sars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, 5008 Bergen, Norway
| | - Paula Miramón-Puértolas
- Sars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, 5008 Bergen, Norway
| | - Patrick R H Steinmetz
- Sars International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, 5008 Bergen, Norway.
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Kishner M, Habaz L, Meshnik L, Meidan TD, Polonsky A, Ben-Zvi A. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone-like receptor 2 inversely regulates somatic proteostasis and reproduction in Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:951199. [PMID: 36105349 PMCID: PMC9465036 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.951199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The quality control machinery regulates the cellular proteome to ensure proper protein homeostasis (proteostasis). In Caenorhabditis elegans, quality control networks are downregulated cell-nonautonomously by the gonadal longevity pathway or metabolic signaling at the onset of reproduction. However, how signals are mediated between the gonad and the somatic tissues is not known. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-like signaling functions in the interplay between development and reproduction and have conserved roles in regulating reproduction, metabolism, and stress. We, therefore, asked whether GnRH-like signaling is involved in proteostasis collapse at the onset of reproduction. Here, we examine whether C. elegans orthologues of GnRH receptors modulate heat shock survival. We find that gnrr-2 is required for proteostasis remodeling in different somatic tissues during the transition to adulthood. We show that gnrr-2 likely functions in neurons downstream of the gonad in the gonadal-longevity pathway and modulate the somatic regulation of transcription factors HSF-1, DAF-16, and PQM-1. In parallel, gnrr-2 modulates egg-laying rates, vitellogenin production, and thus reproductive capacity. Taken together, our data suggest that gnrr-2 plays a GnRH-associated role, mediating the cross-talk between the reproduction system and the soma in the decision to commit to reproduction.
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Head-tail-head neural wiring underlies gut fat storage in Caenorhabditis elegans temperature acclimation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2203121119. [PMID: 35914124 PMCID: PMC9371718 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2203121119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Animals maintain the ability to survive and reproduce by acclimating to environmental temperatures. We showed here that Caenorhabditis elegans exhibited temperature acclimation plasticity, which was regulated by a head-tail-head neural circuitry coupled with gut fat storage. After experiencing cold, C. elegans individuals memorized the experience and were prepared against subsequent cold stimuli. The cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element-binding protein (CREB) regulated temperature acclimation in the ASJ thermosensory neurons and RMG head interneurons, where it modulated ASJ thermosensitivity in response to past cultivation temperature. The PVQ tail interneurons mediated the communication between ASJ and RMG via glutamatergic signaling. Temperature acclimation occurred via gut fat storage regulation by the triglyceride lipase ATGL-1, which was activated by a neuropeptide, FLP-7, downstream of CREB. Thus, a head-tail-head neural circuit coordinated with gut fat influenced experience-dependent temperature acclimation.
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A new use for old drugs: identifying compounds with an anti-obesity effect using a high through-put semi-automated Caenorhabditis elegans screening platform. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10108. [PMID: 36033279 PMCID: PMC9399480 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the most common global health problems for all age groups with obese people at risk of a variety of associated health complications. Consequently, there is a need to develop new therapies that lower body fat without the side effects. However, obesity is a complex and systemic disease, so that in vitro results are not easily translatable to clinical situations. A promising way to circumnavigate these issues is to reposition already approved drugs for new treatments, enabling a more streamlined drug discovery process due to the availability of pre-existing pharmacological and toxicological datasets. Chemical libraries, such as the Prestwick Chemical Library of 1200 FDA approved drugs, are available for this purpose. We have developed a simple semi-automated whole-organism approach to screening the Prestwick Chemical Library for those compounds which reduce fat content using the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. Our whole-organism approach to high-throughput screening identified 9 “lead” compounds that reduced fat within 2 weeks in the model. Further screening and analysis provided 4 “hit” compounds (Midodrine, Vinpocetine, Fenoprofen and Lamivudine) that showed significant promise as drugs to reduce fat levels. The effects of these candidates were found to further reduce fat content in nematodes where an nhr-49/PPAR mutation resulted in “overweight” worms. Upon unblinding the “hit” compounds, they were found to have recently been shown to have anti-obesity effects in mammalian models too. In developing a whole-animal chemical screen to identify pharmacological agents as potential anti-obesity compounds, we demonstrate how chemical libraries can be rapidly and relatively cheaply profiled for active hits. Using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans thus enables drugs to be assessed for applicability in humans and provides a new incentive to explore drug repurposing as a feasible and efficient way to identify new anti-obesity compounds.
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