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Yang Y, Chen Q, Fan S, Lu Y, Huang Q, Liu X, Peng X. Glutamine sustains energy metabolism and alleviates liver injury in burn sepsis by promoting the assembly of mitochondrial HSP60-HSP10 complex via SIRT4 dependent protein deacetylation. Redox Rep 2024; 29:2312320. [PMID: 38329114 PMCID: PMC10854458 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2024.2312320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Burns and burn sepsis, characterized by persistent and profound hypercatabolism, cause energy metabolism dysfunction that worsens organ injury and systemic disorders. Glutamine (Gln) is a key nutrient that remarkably replenishes energy metabolism in burn and sepsis patients, but its exact roles beyond substrate supply is unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that Gln alleviated liver injury by sustaining energy supply and restoring redox balance. Meanwhile, Gln also rescued the dysfunctional mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complexes, improved ATP production, reduced oxidative stress, and protected hepatocytes from burn sepsis injury. Mechanistically, we revealed that Gln could activate SIRT4 by upregulating its protein synthesis and increasing the level of Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a co-enzyme that sustains the activity of SIRT4. This, in turn, reduced the acetylation of shock protein (HSP) 60 to facilitate the assembly of the HSP60-HSP10 complex, which maintains the activity of ETC complex II and III and thus sustain ATP generation and reduce reactive oxygen species release. Overall, our study uncovers a previously unknown pharmacological mechanism involving the regulation of HSP60-HSP10 assembly by which Gln recovers mitochondrial complex activity, sustains cellular energy metabolism and exerts a hepato-protective role in burn sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Yang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Chen
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shijun Fan
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongling Lu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianyin Huang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Peng
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), ChongqingPeople’s Republic of China
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2
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Han J, Zhang X, Cai M, Tian F, Xu Y, Chen H, He W, Zhang J, Tian H. TSPO deficiency exacerbates acute lung injury via NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:1592-1602. [PMID: 38644799 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000003105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common cause of respiratory failure in many critically ill patients. Although inflammasome activation plays an important role in the induction of acute lung injury (ALI) and ARDS, the regulatory mechanism of this process is still unclear. When cells are stimulated by inflammation, the integrity and physiological function of mitochondria play a crucial part in pyroptosis. However, the underlying mechanisms and function of mitochondrial proteins in the process of pyroptosis are largely not yet known. Here, we identified the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO), a mitochondrial outer membrane protein, as an important mediator regulating nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in macrophages during ALI. METHODS TSPO gene knockout (KO) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI/ARDS mouse models were employed to investigate the biological role of TSPO in the pathogenesis of ARDS. Murine macrophages were used to further characterize the effect of TSPO on the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome was preformed through LPS + adenosine triphosphate (ATP) co-stimulation, followed by detection of mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and cell death to evaluate the potential biological function of TSPO. Comparisons between two groups were performed with a two-sided unpaired t -test. RESULTS TSPO- KO mice exhibited more severe pulmonary inflammation in response to LPS-induced ALI. TSPO deficiency resulted in enhanced activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, promoting more proinflammatory cytokine production of macrophages in LPS-injured lung tissue, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2. Mitochondria in TSPO -KO macrophages tended to depolarize in response to cellular stress. The increased production of mitochondrial damage-associated molecular pattern led to enhanced mitochondrial membrane depolarization and pyroptosis in TSPO -KO cells. CONCLUSION TSPO may be the key regulator of cellular pyroptosis, and it plays a vital protective role in ARDS occurrence and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of T Cell and Immunotherapy, Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- CAMS Key Laboratory of T Cell and Immunotherapy, Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Menghua Cai
- CAMS Key Laboratory of T Cell and Immunotherapy, Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing 100005, China
- Changzhou Xitaihu Institute for Frontier Technology of Cell Therapy, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, China
| | - Feng Tian
- CAMS Key Laboratory of T Cell and Immunotherapy, Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yi Xu
- CAMS Key Laboratory of T Cell and Immunotherapy, Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing 100005, China
- Changzhou Xitaihu Institute for Frontier Technology of Cell Therapy, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, China
| | - Hui Chen
- CAMS Key Laboratory of T Cell and Immunotherapy, Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing 100005, China
- Changzhou Xitaihu Institute for Frontier Technology of Cell Therapy, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Wei He
- CAMS Key Laboratory of T Cell and Immunotherapy, Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing 100005, China
- Changzhou Xitaihu Institute for Frontier Technology of Cell Therapy, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- CAMS Key Laboratory of T Cell and Immunotherapy, Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing 100005, China
- Changzhou Xitaihu Institute for Frontier Technology of Cell Therapy, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Hui Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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Kachler K, Andreev D, Thapa S, Royzman D, Gießl A, Karuppusamy S, Llerins Perez M, Liu M, Hofmann J, Gessner A, Meng X, Rauber S, Steinkasserer A, Fromm M, Schett G, Bozec A. Acod1-mediated inhibition of aerobic glycolysis suppresses osteoclast differentiation and attenuates bone erosion in arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2024:ard-2023-224774. [PMID: 38964754 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2023-224774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Metabolic changes are crucially involved in osteoclast development and may contribute to bone degradation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The enzyme aconitate decarboxylase 1 (Acod1) is known to link the cellular function of monocyte-derived macrophages to their metabolic status. As osteoclasts derive from the monocyte lineage, we hypothesised a role for Acod1 and its metabolite itaconate in osteoclast differentiation and arthritis-associated bone loss. METHODS Itaconate levels were measured in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with RA and healthy controls by mass spectrometry. Human and murine osteoclasts were treated with the itaconate derivative 4-octyl-itaconate (4-OI) in vitro. We examined the impact of Acod1-deficiency and 4-OI treatment on bone erosion in mice using K/BxN serum-induced arthritis and human TNF transgenic (hTNFtg) mice. SCENITH and extracellular flux analyses were used to evaluate the metabolic activity of osteoclasts and osteoclast progenitors. Acod1-dependent and itaconate-dependent changes in the osteoclast transcriptome were identified by RNA sequencing. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing was used to investigate the role of hypoxia-inducible factor (Hif)-1α in Acod1-mediated regulation of osteoclast development. RESULTS Itaconate levels in PBMCs from patients with RA were inversely correlated with disease activity. Acod1-deficient mice exhibited increased osteoclast numbers and bone erosion in experimental arthritis while 4-OI treatment alleviated inflammatory bone loss in vivo and inhibited human and murine osteoclast differentiation in vitro. Mechanistically, Acod1 suppressed osteoclast differentiation by inhibiting succinate dehydrogenase-dependent production of reactive oxygen species and Hif1α-mediated induction of aerobic glycolysis. CONCLUSION Acod1 and itaconate are crucial regulators of osteoclast differentiation and bone loss in inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Kachler
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Darja Andreev
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Technische Universität (TU) Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Shreeya Thapa
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dmytro Royzman
- Department of Immune Modulation, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Gießl
- Department of Ophthalmology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Shobika Karuppusamy
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mireia Llerins Perez
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mengdan Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhejiang University - School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jörg Hofmann
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arne Gessner
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xianyi Meng
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simon Rauber
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Steinkasserer
- Department of Immune Modulation, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Fromm
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aline Bozec
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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Qu J, Tian L, Zhang M, Sun B, Chen L. SGLT2 Inhibitor Canagliflozin Reduces Visceral Adipose Tissue in db/db Mice by Modulating AMPK/KLF4 Signaling and Regulating Mitochondrial Dynamics to Induce Browning. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024:112320. [PMID: 38964727 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue (mainly visceral). The morphology and function of mitochondria are crucial for regulating adipose browning and weight loss. Research suggests that the SGLT2 inhibitor canagliflozin may induce weight loss through an unknown mechanism, particularly targeting visceral adipose tissue. While Krueppel-Like Factor 4 (KLF4) is known to be essential for energy metabolism and mitochondrial function, its specific impact on visceral adipose tissue remains unclear. We administered canagliflozin to db/db mice for 8 weeks, or exposed adipocytes to canagliflozin for 24 hours. The expression levels of browning markers, mitochondrial dynamics, and KLF4 were assessed. Then we validated the function of KLF4 through overexpression in vivo and in vitro. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) agonists, inhibitors, and KLF4 si-RNA were employed to elucidate the relationship between AMPK and KLF4. The findings demonstrated that canagliflozin significantly decreased body weight in db/db mice and augmented cold-induced thermogenesis. Additionally, canagliflozin increased the expression of mitochondrial fusion-related factors while reducing the levels of fission markers in epididymal white adipose tissue. These consistent findings were mirrored in canagliflozin-treated adipocytes. Similarly, overexpression of KLF4 in both adipocytes and db/db mice yielded comparable results. In all, canagliflozin mitigates obesity in db/db mice by promoting the brown visceral adipocyte phenotype through enhanced mitochondrial fusion via AMPK/KLF4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Qu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China;.
| | - Liming Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, People's Republic of China;.
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Kumar Saini S, Singh D. Mitochondrial mechanisms in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Unravelling the intricacies. Mitochondrion 2024; 77:101883. [PMID: 38631511 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic stroke is a major contributor to physical impairments and premature death worldwide. The available reperfusion therapies for stroke in the form of mechanical thrombectomy and intravenous thrombolysis increase the risk of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury due to sudden restoration of blood supply to the ischemic region. The injury is manifested by hemorrhagic transformation, worsening of neurological impairments, cerebral edema, and progression to infarction in surviving patients. A complex network of multiple pathological processes has been known to be involved in the pathogenesis of I-R injury. Primarily, 3 major contributors namely oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial failure have been well studied in I-R injury. A transcription factor, Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) plays a crucial defensive role in resisting the deleterious effects of I-R injury and potentiating the cellular protective mechanisms. In this review, we delve into the critical function of mitochondria and Nrf2 in the context of cerebral I-R injury. We summarized how oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial anomaly contribute to the pathophysiology of I-R injury and further elaborated the role of Nrf2 as a pivotal guardian of cellular integrity. The review further highlighted Nrf2 as a putative therapeutic target for mitochondrial dysfunction in cerebral I-R injury management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Kumar Saini
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Damanpreet Singh
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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6
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Vilas-Boas EA, Kowaltowski AJ. Mitochondrial redox state, bioenergetics, and calcium transport in caloric restriction: A metabolic nexus. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 219:195-214. [PMID: 38677486 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.04.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria congregate central reactions in energy metabolism, many of which involve electron transfer. As such, they are expected to both respond to changes in nutrient supply and demand and also provide signals that integrate energy metabolism intracellularly. In this review, we discuss how mitochondrial bioenergetics and reactive oxygen species production is impacted by dietary interventions that change nutrient availability and impact on aging, such as calorie restriction. We also discuss how dietary interventions alter mitochondrial Ca2+ transport, regulating both mitochondrial and cytosolic processes modulated by this ion. Overall, a plethora of literature data support the idea that mitochondrial oxidants and calcium transport act as integrating signals coordinating the response to changes in nutritional supply and demand in cells, tissues, and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloisa A Vilas-Boas
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Alicia J Kowaltowski
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
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7
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Ghani M, Szabó B, Alkhatibe M, Amsalu H, Zohar P, Janka EA, Mótyán JA, Tar K. Serine 39 in the GTP-binding domain of Drp1 is involved in shaping mitochondrial morphology. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:1147-1165. [PMID: 38760979 PMCID: PMC11216946 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Continuous fusion and fission are critical for mitochondrial health. In this study, we further characterize the role played by dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) in mitochondrial fission. We show that a single amino acid change in Drp1 at position 39 from serine to alanine (S39A) within the GTP-binding (GTPase) domain results in a fused mitochondrial network in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Interestingly, the phosphorylation of Ser-616 and Ser-637 of Drp1 remains unaffected by the S39A mutation, and mitochondrial bioenergetic profile and cell viability in the S39A mutant were comparable to those observed in the control. This leads us to propose that the serine 39 residue of Drp1 plays a crucial role in mitochondrial distribution through its involvement in the GTPase activity. Furthermore, this amino acid mutation leads to structural anomalies in the mitochondrial network. Taken together, our results contribute to a better understanding of the function of the Drp1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvi Ghani
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenHungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular MedicineUniversity of DebrecenHungary
| | - Bernadett Szabó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenHungary
| | - Mahmoud Alkhatibe
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenHungary
| | - Hailemariam Amsalu
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenHungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular MedicineUniversity of DebrecenHungary
| | - Peleg Zohar
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenHungary
| | - Eszter Anna Janka
- Department of Dermatology, MTA Centre of Excellence, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenHungary
- HUN‐REN‐UD Allergology Research GroupUniversity of DebrecenHungary
| | - János András Mótyán
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenHungary
| | - Krisztina Tar
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenHungary
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8
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Dieguez HH, Romeo HE, Alaimo A, Bernal Aguirre NA, Calanni JS, Adán Aréan JS, Alvarez S, Sciurano R, Rosenstein RE, Dorfman D. Mitochondrial quality control in non-exudative age-related macular degeneration: From molecular mechanisms to structural and functional recovery. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 219:17-30. [PMID: 38579938 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Non-exudative age-related macular degeneration (NE-AMD) is the leading blindness cause in the elderly. Clinical and experimental evidence supports that early alterations in macular retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) mitochondria play a key role in NE-AMD-induced damage. Mitochondrial dynamics (biogenesis, fusion, fission, and mitophagy), which is under the central control of AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), in turn, determines mitochondrial quality. We have developed a NE-AMD model in C57BL/6J mice induced by unilateral superior cervical ganglionectomy (SCGx), which progressively reproduces the disease hallmarks circumscribed to the temporal region of the RPE/outer retina that exhibits several characteristics of the human macula. In this work we have studied RPE mitochondrial structure, dynamics, function, and AMPK role on these parameters' regulation at the nasal and temporal RPE from control eyes and at an early stage of experimental NE-AMD (i.e., 4 weeks post-SCGx). Although RPE mitochondrial mass was preserved, their function, which was higher at the temporal than at the nasal RPE in control eyes, was significantly decreased at 4 weeks post-SCGx at the same region. Mitochondria were bigger, more elongated, and with denser cristae at the temporal RPE from control eyes. Exclusively at the temporal RPE, SCGx severely affected mitochondrial morphology and dynamics, together with the levels of phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK). AMPK activation with metformin restored RPE p-AMPK levels, and mitochondrial dynamics, structure, and function at 4 weeks post-SCGx, as well as visual function and RPE/outer retina structure at 10 weeks post-SCGx. These results demonstrate a key role of the temporal RPE mitochondrial homeostasis as an early target for NE-AMD-induced damage, and that pharmacological AMPK activation could preserve mitochondrial morphology, dynamics, and function, and, consequently, avoid the functional and structural damage induced by NE-AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernán H Dieguez
- Laboratory of Retinal Neurochemistry and Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Human Biochemistry, School of Medicine/CEFyBO, University of Buenos Aires/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Horacio E Romeo
- School of Engineering and Agrarian Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina, BIOMED/UCA/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustina Alaimo
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics and Nanotools, Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences/IQUIBICEN, University of Buenos Aires/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nathaly A Bernal Aguirre
- Laboratory of Retinal Neurochemistry and Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Human Biochemistry, School of Medicine/CEFyBO, University of Buenos Aires/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan S Calanni
- Laboratory of Retinal Neurochemistry and Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Human Biochemistry, School of Medicine/CEFyBO, University of Buenos Aires/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan S Adán Aréan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physicochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry/IBIMOL, University of Buenos Aires/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Alvarez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physicochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry/IBIMOL, University of Buenos Aires/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Roberta Sciurano
- Department of Cellular Biology, Histology, Embryology and Genetics, School of Medicine/INBIOMED, UBA/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ruth E Rosenstein
- Laboratory of Retinal Neurochemistry and Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences/IQUIBICEN, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Human Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Damián Dorfman
- Laboratory of Retinal Neurochemistry and Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Human Biochemistry, School of Medicine/CEFyBO, University of Buenos Aires/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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9
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Song X, Fan C, Wei C, Yu W, Tang J, Ma F, Chen Y, Wu B. Mitochondria fission accentuates oxidative stress in hyperglycemia-induced H9c2 cardiomyoblasts in vitro by regulating fatty acid oxidation. Cell Biol Int 2024. [PMID: 38922770 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Previous studies have revealed that inhibition of mitochondrial fission suppressed oxidative stress and alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiac dysfunction in diabetic mice. However, no research has confirmed whether mitochondria fission accentuates hyperglycemia-induced cardiomyoblast oxidative stress through regulating fatty acid oxidation (FAO). We used H9c2 cardiomyoblasts exposed to high glucose (HG) 33 mM to simulate DCM in vitro. Excessive mitochondrial fission, poor cell viability, and lipid accumulation were observed in hyperglycemia-induced H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Also, the cells were led to oxidative stress injury, lower adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, and apoptosis. Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) short interfering RNA (siRNA) decreased targeted marker expression, inhibited mitochondrial fragmentation and lipid accumulation, suppressed oxidative stress, reduced cardiomyoblast apoptosis, and improved cell viability and ATP levels in HG-exposed H9c2 cardiomyoblasts, but not in carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) inhibitor etomoxir treatment cells. We also found subcellular localization of CPT1 on the mitochondrial membrane, FAO, and levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) were suppressed after exposure to HG treatment, whereas Drp1 siRNA normalized mitochondrial CPT1, FAO, and NADPH. However, the blockade of FAO with etomoxir abolished the above effects of Drp1 siRNA in hyperglycemia-induced H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. The preservation of mitochondrial function through the Drp1/CPT1/FAO pathway is the potential mechanism of inhibited mitochondria fission in attenuating oxidative stress injury of hyperglycemia-induced H9c2 cardiomyoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang Song
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Gene Drugs of Gansu Province, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chongxi Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Wei
- Department of Neurology, The Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wuhan Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jichao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Gene Drugs of Gansu Province, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Feng Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongqing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Bing Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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10
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Ikeda A, Iijima M, Sesaki H. Systemic phospho-defective and phospho-mimetic Drp1 mice exhibit normal growth and development with altered anxiety-like behavior. iScience 2024; 27:109874. [PMID: 38784001 PMCID: PMC11112374 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial division controls the size, distribution, and turnover of this essential organelle. A dynamin-related GTPase, Drp1, drives membrane division as a force-generating mechano-chemical enzyme. Drp1 is regulated by multiple mechanisms, including phosphorylation at two primary sites: serine 579 and serine 600. While previous studies in cell culture systems have shown that Drp1 S579 phosphorylation promotes mitochondrial division, its physiological functions remained unclear. Here, we generated phospho-mimetic Drp1 S579D and phospho-defective Drp1 S579R mice using the CRISPR-Cas system. Both mouse models exhibited normal growth, development, and breeding. We found that Drp1 is highly phosphorylated at S579 in brain neurons. Notably, the Drp1 S579D mice showed decreased anxiety-like behaviors, whereas the Drp1 S579R mice displayed increased anxiety-like behaviors. These findings suggest a critical role for Drp1 S579 phosphorylation in brain function. The Drp1 S579D and S579R mice thus offer valuable in vivo models for specific analysis of Drp1 S579 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arisa Ikeda
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21212, USA
| | - Miho Iijima
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21212, USA
| | - Hiromi Sesaki
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21212, USA
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11
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Zhihui Y, Jiahui W, Zhao T, Wang L, Liang T, Zheng Y. Mitochondrial structure and function: a new direction for the targeted treatment of chronic liver disease with Chinese herbal medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024:118461. [PMID: 38908494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Excessive fat accumulation, biological clock dysregulation , viral infections, and sustained inflammatory responses can lead to liver inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer, thus promoting the development of chronic liver disease. A comprehensive understanding of the etiological factors leading to chronic liver disease and the intrinsic mechanisms influencing its onset and progression can aid in identifying potential targets for targeted therapy. Mitochondria, as key organelles that maintain the metabolic homeostasis of the liver, provide an important foundation for exploring therapeutic targets for chronic liver disease. Recent studies have shown that active ingredients in herbal medicines and their natural products can modulate chronic liver disease by influencing the structure and function of mitochondria. Therefore, studying how Chinese herbs target mitochondrial structure and function to treat chronic liver diseases is of great significance. AIM OF THE STUDY Investigating the prospects of herbal medicine the Lens of chronic liver disease based on mitochondrial structure and function. MATERIALS AND METHODS A computerized search of PubMed was conducted using the keywords "mitochondrial structure", "mitochondrial function", "mitochondria and chronic liver disease", "botanicals, mitochondria and chronic liver disease".Data from the Web of Science and Science Direct databases were also included. The research findings regarding herbal medicines targeting mitochondrial structure and function for the treatment of chronic liver disease are summarized. RESULTS A computerized search of PubMed using the keywords "mitochondrial structure", "mitochondrial function", "mitochondria and chronic liver disease", "phytopharmaceuticals, mitochondria, and chronic liver disease", as well as the Web of Science and Science Direct databases was conducted to summarize information on studies of mitochondrial structure- and function-based Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of chronic liver disease and to suggest that the effects of herbal medicines on mitochondrial division and fusion.The study suggested that there is much room for research on the influence of Chinese herbs on mitochondrial division and fusion. CONCLUSIONS Targeting mitochondrial structure and function is crucial for herbal medicine to combat chronic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhihui
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530222, China
| | - Wang Jiahui
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530222, China
| | - Tiejian Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530222, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530222, China
| | - Tianjian Liang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530222, China.
| | - Yang Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530222, China.
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12
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Poljšak B, Milisav I. Decreasing Intracellular Entropy by Increasing Mitochondrial Efficiency and Reducing ROS Formation-The Effect on the Ageing Process and Age-Related Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6321. [PMID: 38928027 PMCID: PMC11203720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A hypothesis is presented to explain how the ageing process might be influenced by optimizing mitochondrial efficiency to reduce intracellular entropy. Research-based quantifications of entropy are scarce. Non-equilibrium metabolic reactions and compartmentalization were found to contribute most to lowering entropy in the cells. Like the cells, mitochondria are thermodynamically open systems exchanging matter and energy with their surroundings-the rest of the cell. Based on the calculations from cancer cells, glycolysis was reported to produce less entropy than mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. However, these estimations depended on the CO2 concentration so that at slightly increased CO2, it was oxidative phosphorylation that produced less entropy. Also, the thermodynamic efficiency of mitochondrial respiratory complexes varies depending on the respiratory state and oxidant/antioxidant balance. Therefore, in spite of long-standing theoretical and practical efforts, more measurements, also in isolated mitochondria, with intact and suboptimal respiration, are needed to resolve the issue. Entropy increases in ageing while mitochondrial efficiency of energy conversion, quality control, and turnover mechanisms deteriorate. Optimally functioning mitochondria are necessary to meet energy demands for cellular defence and repair processes to attenuate ageing. The intuitive approach of simply supplying more metabolic fuels (more nutrients) often has the opposite effect, namely a decrease in energy production in the case of nutrient overload. Excessive nutrient intake and obesity accelerate ageing, while calorie restriction without malnutrition can prolong life. Balanced nutrient intake adapted to needs/activity-based high ATP requirement increases mitochondrial respiratory efficiency and leads to multiple alterations in gene expression and metabolic adaptations. Therefore, rather than overfeeding, it is necessary to fine-tune energy production by optimizing mitochondrial function and reducing oxidative stress; the evidence is discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borut Poljšak
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Zdravstvena pot 5, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Irina Milisav
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Zdravstvena pot 5, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Ljubljana, Zaloska 4, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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13
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Yu SB, Wang H, Sanchez RG, Carlson NM, Nguyen K, Zhang A, Papich ZD, Abushawish AA, Whiddon Z, Matysik W, Zhang J, Whisenant TC, Ghassemian M, Koberstein JN, Stewart ML, Myers SA, Pekkurnaz G. Neuronal activity-driven O-GlcNAcylation promotes mitochondrial plasticity. Dev Cell 2024:S1534-5807(24)00325-3. [PMID: 38843836 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Neuronal activity is an energy-intensive process that is largely sustained by instantaneous fuel utilization and ATP synthesis. However, how neurons couple ATP synthesis rate to fuel availability is largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the metabolic sensor enzyme O-linked N-acetyl glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase regulates neuronal activity-driven mitochondrial bioenergetics in hippocampal and cortical neurons. We show that neuronal activity upregulates O-GlcNAcylation in mitochondria. Mitochondrial O-GlcNAcylation is promoted by activity-driven glucose consumption, which allows neurons to compensate for high energy expenditure based on fuel availability. To determine the proteins that are responsible for these adjustments, we mapped the mitochondrial O-GlcNAcome of neurons. Finally, we determine that neurons fail to meet activity-driven metabolic demand when O-GlcNAcylation dynamics are prevented. Our findings suggest that O-GlcNAcylation provides a fuel-dependent feedforward control mechanism in neurons to optimize mitochondrial performance based on neuronal activity. This mechanism thereby couples neuronal metabolism to mitochondrial bioenergetics and plays a key role in sustaining energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungyoon B Yu
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Haoming Wang
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Richard G Sanchez
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Natasha M Carlson
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Khanh Nguyen
- Laboratory for Immunochemical Circuits, Center of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, and Division of Signaling and Gene Expression, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Andrew Zhang
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Zachary D Papich
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ahmed A Abushawish
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Zachary Whiddon
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Weronika Matysik
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Thomas C Whisenant
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Majid Ghassemian
- Biomolecular and Proteomics Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - John N Koberstein
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Melissa L Stewart
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Samuel A Myers
- Laboratory for Immunochemical Circuits, Center of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, and Division of Signaling and Gene Expression, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Program in Immunology, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Gulcin Pekkurnaz
- Neurobiology Department, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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14
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Muñoz F, Fex M, Moritz T, Mulder H, Cataldo LR. Unique features of β-cell metabolism are lost in type 2 diabetes. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14148. [PMID: 38656044 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic β cells play an essential role in the control of systemic glucose homeostasis as they sense blood glucose levels and respond by secreting insulin. Upon stimulating glucose uptake in insulin-sensitive tissues post-prandially, this anabolic hormone restores blood glucose levels to pre-prandial levels. Maintaining physiological glucose levels thus relies on proper β-cell function. To fulfill this highly specialized nutrient sensor role, β cells have evolved a unique genetic program that shapes its distinct cellular metabolism. In this review, the unique genetic and metabolic features of β cells will be outlined, including their alterations in type 2 diabetes (T2D). β cells selectively express a set of genes in a cell type-specific manner; for instance, the glucose activating hexokinase IV enzyme or Glucokinase (GCK), whereas other genes are selectively "disallowed", including lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1). This selective gene program equips β cells with a unique metabolic apparatus to ensure that nutrient metabolism is coupled to appropriate insulin secretion, thereby avoiding hyperglycemia, as well as life-threatening hypoglycemia. Unlike most cell types, β cells exhibit specialized bioenergetic features, including supply-driven rather than demand-driven metabolism and a high basal mitochondrial proton leak respiration. The understanding of these unique genetically programmed metabolic features and their alterations that lead to β-cell dysfunction is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of T2D pathophysiology and the development of innovative therapeutic approaches for T2D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Muñoz
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund, Sweden
| | - Malin Fex
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thomas Moritz
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hindrik Mulder
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund, Sweden
| | - Luis Rodrigo Cataldo
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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15
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Degitz C, Reime S, Baumbach CM, Rauschner M, Thews O. Modulation of mitochondrial function by extracellular acidosis in tumor cells and normal fibroblasts: Role of signaling pathways. Neoplasia 2024; 52:100999. [PMID: 38631214 PMCID: PMC11036092 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2024.100999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
In many tumors pronounced extracellular acidosis resulting from glycolytic metabolism is found. Since several environmental stress factors affect the mitochondrial activity the aim of the study was to analyze the impact of acidosis on cellular oxygen consumption and which signaling pathways may be involved in the regulation. In two tumor cell lines and normal fibroblasts cellular oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and mitochondrial function were measured after 3 h at pH 6.6. Besides the activation of ERK1/2, p38 and PI3K signaling in the cytosolic and mitochondrial compartment, the mitochondrial structure and proteins related to mitochondria fission were analyzed. The acidic extracellular environment increased OCR in tumor cells but not in fibroblasts. In parallel, the mitochondrial membrane potential increased at low pH. In both tumor lines (but not in fibroblasts), the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt was significantly increased, and both cascades were involved in OCR modulation. The activation of signaling pathways was located predominantly in the mitochondrial compartment of the cells. At low pH, the mitochondrial structure in tumor cells showed structural changes related to elongation whereas mitochondria fragmentation was reduced indicating mitochondria fusion. However, these morphological changes were not related to ERK1/2 or PI3K signaling. Acidic stress seems to induce an increased oxygen consumption, which might further aggravate tumor hypoxia. Low pH also induces mitochondria fusion that is not mediated by ERK1/2 or PI3K signaling. The mechanism by which these signaling cascades modulate the respiratory activity of tumor cells needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Degitz
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 6 (Saale), Halle, 06112, Germany
| | - Sarah Reime
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 6 (Saale), Halle, 06112, Germany
| | - Christina-Marie Baumbach
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 6 (Saale), Halle, 06112, Germany
| | - Mandy Rauschner
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 6 (Saale), Halle, 06112, Germany
| | - Oliver Thews
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 6 (Saale), Halle, 06112, Germany.
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16
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Zhong S, Zhou Q, Yang J, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Liu J, Chang X, Wang H. Relationship between the cGAS-STING and NF-κB pathways-role in neurotoxicity. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116698. [PMID: 38713946 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurotoxicity can cause a range of symptoms and disorders in humans, including neurodegenerative diseases, neurodevelopmental disorders, nerve conduction abnormalities, neuroinflammation, autoimmune disorders, and cognitive deficits. The cyclic guanosine-adenosine synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway and NF-κB pathway are two important signaling pathways involved in the innate immune response. The cGAS-STING pathway is activated by the recognition of intracellular DNA, which triggers the production of type I interferons and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor, IL-1β, and IL-6. These cytokines play a role in oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons. The NF-κB pathway is activated by various stimuli, such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide, viral particle components, and neurotoxins. NF-κB activation may lead to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which promote neuroinflammation and cause neuronal damage. A potential interaction exists between the cGAS-STING and NF-κB pathways, and NF-κB activation blocks STING degradation by inhibiting microtubule-mediated STING transport. This review examines the progress of research on the roles of these pathways in neurotoxicity and their interrelationships. Understanding the mechanisms of these pathways will provide valuable therapeutic insights for preventing and controlling neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyin Zhong
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Qiongli Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jirui Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xuhong Chang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Gansu 730000, China.
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17
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Zhu AQ, Luo N, Zhou XT, Yuan M, Zhang CM, Pan TL, Li KP. Transcriptomic insights into the lipotoxicity of high-fat high-fructose diet in rat and mouse. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 128:109626. [PMID: 38527560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Along with the increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide, the deleterious effects of high-calorie diet are gradually recognized through more and more epidemiological studies. However, the concealed and chronic causality whitewashes its unhealthy character. Given an ingenious mechanism orchestrates the metabolic adaptation to high-fat high-fructose (HFF) diet and connive its lipotoxicity, in this study, an experimental rat/mouse model of obesity was induced and a comparative transcriptomic analysis was performed to probe the mystery. Our results demonstrated that HFF diet consumption altered the transcriptomic pattern as well as different high-calorie diet fed rat/mouse manifested distinct hepatic transcriptome. Validation with RT-qPCR and Western blotting confirmed that SREBP1-FASN involved in de novo lipogenesis partly mediated metabolic self-adaption. Moreover, hepatic ACSL1-CPT1A-CPT2 pathway involved in fatty acids β-oxidation, played a key role in the metabolic adaption to HFF. Collectively, our findings enrich the knowledge of the chronic adaptation mechanisms and also shed light on future investigations. Meanwhile, our results also suggest that efforts to restore the fatty acids metabolic fate could be a promising avenue to fight against obesity and associated steatosis and insulin resistance challenged by HFF diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Qi Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Luo
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Yuan
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chu-Mei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian-Ling Pan
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kun-Ping Li
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou, China.
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18
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Yan W, Xie C, Sun S, Zheng Q, Wang J, Wang Z, Man CH, Wang H, Yang Y, Wang T, Shi L, Zhang S, Huang C, Xu S, Wang YP. SUCLG1 restricts POLRMT succinylation to enhance mitochondrial biogenesis and leukemia progression. EMBO J 2024; 43:2337-2367. [PMID: 38649537 PMCID: PMC11183053 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00101-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are cellular powerhouses that generate energy through the electron transport chain (ETC). The mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) encodes essential ETC proteins in a compartmentalized manner, however, the mechanism underlying metabolic regulation of mtDNA function remains unknown. Here, we report that expression of tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme succinate-CoA ligase SUCLG1 strongly correlates with ETC genes across various TCGA cancer transcriptomes. Mechanistically, SUCLG1 restricts succinyl-CoA levels to suppress the succinylation of mitochondrial RNA polymerase (POLRMT). Lysine 622 succinylation disrupts the interaction of POLRMT with mtDNA and mitochondrial transcription factors. SUCLG1-mediated POLRMT hyposuccinylation maintains mtDNA transcription, mitochondrial biogenesis, and leukemia cell proliferation. Specifically, leukemia-promoting FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutations modulate nuclear transcription and upregulate SUCLG1 expression to reduce succinyl-CoA and POLRMT succinylation, resulting in enhanced mitobiogenesis. In line, genetic depletion of POLRMT or SUCLG1 significantly delays disease progression in mouse and humanized leukemia models. Importantly, succinyl-CoA level and POLRMT succinylation are downregulated in FLT3-mutated clinical leukemia samples, linking enhanced mitobiogenesis to cancer progression. Together, SUCLG1 connects succinyl-CoA with POLRMT succinylation to modulate mitochondrial function and cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Yan
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200080, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengmei Xie
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200080, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijun Sun
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200080, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200080, Shanghai, China
| | - Quan Zheng
- Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200080, Shanghai, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheuk-Him Man
- Division of Haematology, Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200080, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunfan Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China
| | - Tianshi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Leilei Shi
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200080, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengjie Zhang
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200080, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200080, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shuangnian Xu
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yi-Ping Wang
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200080, Shanghai, China.
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
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Adedokun MA, Enye LA, Akinluyi ET, Ajibola TA, Edem EE. Black seed oil reverses chronic antibiotic-mediated depression and social behaviour deficits via modulation of hypothalamic mitochondrial-dependent markers and insulin expression. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 16:267-279. [PMID: 38379607 PMCID: PMC10876594 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic antibiotic use has been reported to impair mitochondrial indices, hypothalamus-mediated metabolic function, and amygdala-regulated emotional processes. Natural substances such as black seed (Nigella sativa) oil could be beneficial in mitigating these impairments. This study aimed to assess the impact of black seed oil (NSO) on depression and sociability indices, redox imbalance, mitochondrial-dependent markers, and insulin expression in mice subjected to chronic ampicillin exposure. Forty adult male BALB/c mice (30 ± 2 g) were divided into five groups: the CTRL group received normal saline, the ABT group received ampicillin, the NSO group received black seed oil, the ABT/NSO group concurrently received ampicillin and black seed oil, and the ABT+NSO group experienced pre-exposure to ampicillin followed by subsequent treatment with black seed oil. The ampicillin-exposed group exhibited depressive-like behaviours, impaired social interactive behaviours, and disruptions in mitochondrial-dependent markers in plasma and hypothalamic tissues, accompanied by an imbalance in antioxidant levels. Moreover, chronic antibiotic exposure downregulated insulin expression in the hypothalamus. However, these impairments were significantly ameliorated in the ABT/NSO, and ABT+NSO groups compared to the untreated antibiotic-exposed group. Overall, findings from this study suggest the beneficial role of NSO as an adjuvant therapy in preventing and abrogating mood behavioural and neural-metabolic impairments of chronic antibiotic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujeeb Adekunle Adedokun
- Neuroscience Unit, Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Linus Anderson Enye
- Neuroscience Unit, Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Elizabeth Toyin Akinluyi
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Toheeb Adesumbo Ajibola
- Neuroscience Unit, Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Edem Ekpenyong Edem
- Neuroscience Unit, Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
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20
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Liu Y, Liu Z, Ren Z, Han Q, Chen X, Han J, Qiu G, Sun C. NDUFA9 and its crotonylation modification promote browning of white adipocytes by activating mitochondrial function in mice. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 171:106583. [PMID: 38657899 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Protein crotonylation plays a role in regulating cellular metabolism, gene expression, and other biological processes. NDUFA9 (NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 9) is closely associated with the activity and function of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. Mitochondrial function and respiratory chain are closely related to browning of white adipocytes, it's speculated that NDUFA9 and its crotonylation are associated with browning of white adipocytes. Firstly, the effect of NDUFA9 on white adipose tissue was verified in white fat browning model mice, and it was found that NDUFA9 promoted mitochondrial respiration, thermogenesis, and browning of white adipose tissue. Secondly, in cellular studies, it was discovered that NDUFA9 facilitated browning of white adipocytes by enhancing mitochondrial function, mitochondrial complex I activity, ATP synthesis, and mitochondrial respiration. Again, the level of NDUFA9 crotonylation was increased by treating cells with vorinostat (SAHA)+sodium crotonate (NaCr) and overexpressing NDUFA9, it was found that NDUFA9 crotonylation promoted browning of white adipocytes. Meanwhile, the acetylation level of NDUFA9 was increased by treating cells with SAHA+sodium acetate (NaAc) and overexpressing NDUFA9, the assay revealed that NDUFA9 acetylation inhibited white adipocytes browning. Finally, combined with the competitive relationship between acetylation and crotonylation, it was also demonstrated that NDUFA9 crotonylation promoted browning of white adipocytes. Above results indicate that NDUFA9 and its crotonylation modification promote mitochondrial function, which in turn promotes browning of white adipocytes. This study establishes a theoretical foundation for the management and intervention of obesity, which is crucial in addressing obesity and related medical conditions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexia Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zunhai Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zeyu Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Qiannan Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xinhao Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jialu Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Guiping Qiu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chao Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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21
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Bellalta S, Plösch T, Faas M, Casanello P. The role of mesenchymal stem cells in early programming of adipose tissue in the offspring of women with obesity. Pediatr Obes 2024; 19:e13120. [PMID: 38590200 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Maternal obesity is a well-known risk factor for developing premature obesity, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in the progeny. The development of white adipose tissue is a dynamic process that starts during prenatal life: fat depots laid down in utero are associated with the proportion of fat in children later on. How early this programming takes place is still unknown. However, recent evidence shows that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), the embryonic adipocyte precursor cells, show signatures of the early setting of an adipogenic committed phenotype when exposed to maternal obesity. This review aims to present current findings on the cellular adaptations of MSCs from the offspring of women with obesity and how the metabolic environment of MSCs could affect the early commitment towards adipocytes. In conclusion, maternal obesity can induce early programming of fetal adipose tissue by conditioning MSCs. These cells have higher expression of adipogenic markers, altered insulin signalling and mitochondrial performance, compared to MSCs of neonates from lean pregnancies. Fetal MSCs imprinting by maternal obesity could help explain the increased risk of childhood obesity and development of further noncommunicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Bellalta
- Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Torsten Plösch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Perinatal Neurobiology Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Marijke Faas
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paola Casanello
- Department of Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Neonatology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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22
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Liu BH, Xu CZ, Liu Y, Lu ZL, Fu TL, Li GR, Deng Y, Luo GQ, Ding S, Li N, Geng Q. Mitochondrial quality control in human health and disease. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:32. [PMID: 38812059 PMCID: PMC11134732 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00536-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, the most crucial energy-generating organelles in eukaryotic cells, play a pivotal role in regulating energy metabolism. However, their significance extends beyond this, as they are also indispensable in vital life processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, immune responses, and redox balance. In response to various physiological signals or external stimuli, a sophisticated mitochondrial quality control (MQC) mechanism has evolved, encompassing key processes like mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics, and mitophagy, which have garnered increasing attention from researchers to unveil their specific molecular mechanisms. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of the primary mechanisms and functions of key regulators involved in major components of MQC. Furthermore, the critical physiological functions regulated by MQC and its diverse roles in the progression of various systemic diseases have been described in detail. We also discuss agonists or antagonists targeting MQC, aiming to explore potential therapeutic and research prospects by enhancing MQC to stabilize mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Hao Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chen-Zhen Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zi-Long Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ting-Lv Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Guo-Rui Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Guo-Qing Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Song Ding
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Sfera A, Imran H, Sfera DO, Anton JJ, Kozlakidis Z, Hazan S. Novel Insights into Psychosis and Antipsychotic Interventions: From Managing Symptoms to Improving Outcomes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5904. [PMID: 38892092 PMCID: PMC11173215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
For the past 70 years, the dopamine hypothesis has been the key working model in schizophrenia. This has contributed to the development of numerous inhibitors of dopaminergic signaling and antipsychotic drugs, which led to rapid symptom resolution but only marginal outcome improvement. Over the past decades, there has been limited research on the quantifiable pathological changes in schizophrenia, including premature cellular/neuronal senescence, brain volume loss, the attenuation of gamma oscillations in electroencephalograms, and the oxidation of lipids in the plasma and mitochondrial membranes. We surmise that the aberrant activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor by toxins derived from gut microbes or the environment drives premature cellular and neuronal senescence, a hallmark of schizophrenia. Early brain aging promotes secondary changes, including the impairment and loss of mitochondria, gray matter depletion, decreased gamma oscillations, and a compensatory metabolic shift to lactate and lactylation. The aim of this narrative review is twofold: (1) to summarize what is known about premature cellular/neuronal senescence in schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like disorders, and (2) to discuss novel strategies for improving long-term outcomes in severe mental illness with natural senotherapeutics, membrane lipid replacement, mitochondrial transplantation, microbial phenazines, novel antioxidant phenothiazines, inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adonis Sfera
- Patton State Hospital, 3102 Highland Ave., Patton, CA 92369, USA; (H.I.)
- University of California Riverside, Riverside 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Loma Linda University, 11139 Anderson St., Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Hassan Imran
- Patton State Hospital, 3102 Highland Ave., Patton, CA 92369, USA; (H.I.)
- University of California Riverside, Riverside 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Loma Linda University, 11139 Anderson St., Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Dan O. Sfera
- Patton State Hospital, 3102 Highland Ave., Patton, CA 92369, USA; (H.I.)
- University of California Riverside, Riverside 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Loma Linda University, 11139 Anderson St., Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | | | - Zisis Kozlakidis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon, France;
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24
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龚 雪, 黄 金, 黄 志. [Research Progress in the Role of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Endometriosis-Associated Infertility]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2024; 55:521-526. [PMID: 38948278 PMCID: PMC11211786 DOI: 10.12182/20240560404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Endometriosis (EMT), a common benign gynecological disease, is a leading cause of infertility in women. EMT affects female fertility in various aspects. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Mitochondria are known as the "powerhouse" of a cell. They play pivotal roles in the physiological processes of cellular energy metabolism, calcium homeostasis, oxidative stress, autophagy, the regulation of cell cycle, and cell death, and are involved in the pathophysiology of many diseases. Cellular mitochondria are highly dynamic, continuously undergoing cyclic fission and fusion to meet the demands of cellular activities. Balanced mitochondrial dynamics are critical for maintaining normal reproductive function in women. In addition, mitochondria are the major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cell damage, cell death, and fibrosis mediated by the imbalance in the oxidative-antioxidant system in EMT patients lead to decreased oocyte quality and ovarian reserve. Currently, the treatment of EMT-associated infertility remains a challenging and controversial topic. We herein reviewed the latest findings on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in EMT-associated infertility and the potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- 雪 龚
- 香港中文大学医学院 妇产科学系 (香港 999077)Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - 金 黄
- 香港中文大学医学院 妇产科学系 (香港 999077)Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - 志超 黄
- 香港中文大学医学院 妇产科学系 (香港 999077)Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
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25
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Zong Y, Li H, Liao P, Chen L, Pan Y, Zheng Y, Zhang C, Liu D, Zheng M, Gao J. Mitochondrial dysfunction: mechanisms and advances in therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:124. [PMID: 38744846 PMCID: PMC11094169 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01839-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, with their intricate networks of functions and information processing, are pivotal in both health regulation and disease progression. Particularly, mitochondrial dysfunctions are identified in many common pathologies, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. However, the multifaceted nature and elusive phenotypic threshold of mitochondrial dysfunction complicate our understanding of their contributions to diseases. Nonetheless, these complexities do not prevent mitochondria from being among the most important therapeutic targets. In recent years, strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction have continuously emerged and transitioned to clinical trials. Advanced intervention such as using healthy mitochondria to replenish or replace damaged mitochondria, has shown promise in preclinical trials of various diseases. Mitochondrial components, including mtDNA, mitochondria-located microRNA, and associated proteins can be potential therapeutic agents to augment mitochondrial function in immunometabolic diseases and tissue injuries. Here, we review current knowledge of mitochondrial pathophysiology in concrete examples of common diseases. We also summarize current strategies to treat mitochondrial dysfunction from the perspective of dietary supplements and targeted therapies, as well as the clinical translational situation of related pharmacology agents. Finally, this review discusses the innovations and potential applications of mitochondrial transplantation as an advanced and promising treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zong
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Peng Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yao Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yongqiang Zheng
- Sixth People's Hospital Fujian, No. 16, Luoshan Section, Jinguang Road, Luoshan Street, Jinjiang City, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Delin Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Minghao Zheng
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Junjie Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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Lee J, Pye N, Ellis L, Vos KD, Mortiboys H. Evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction in ALS and methods for measuring in model systems. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 176:269-325. [PMID: 38802177 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction is a hallmark of multiple amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) models with a majority of ALS patients exhibiting hypermetabolism. The central sites of metabolism in the cell are mitochondria, capable of utilising a multitude of cellular substrates in an array of ATP-generating reactions. With reactive oxygen species (ROS) production occurring during some of these reactions, mitochondria can contribute considerably to oxidative stress. Mitochondria are also very dynamic organelles, interacting with other organelles, undergoing fusion/fission in response to changing metabolic states and being turned over by the cell regularly. Disruptions to many of these mitochondrial functions and processes have been reported in ALS models, largely indicating compromised mitochondrial function, increased ROS production by mitochondria, disrupted interactions with the endoplasmic reticulum and reduced turnover. This chapter summarises methods routinely used to assess mitochondria in ALS models and the alterations that have been reported in these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Lee
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie Pye
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Ellis
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Kurt De Vos
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Mortiboys
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
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Kaczara P, Czyzynska-Cichon I, Kus E, Kurpinska A, Olkowicz M, Wojnar-Lason K, Pacia MZ, Lytvynenko O, Baes M, Chlopicki S. Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells rely on oxidative phosphorylation but avoid processing long-chain fatty acids in their mitochondria. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:67. [PMID: 38724891 PMCID: PMC11084093 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00584-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is generally accepted that endothelial cells (ECs), primarily rely on glycolysis for ATP production, despite having functional mitochondria. However, it is also known that ECs are heterogeneous, and their phenotypic features depend on the vascular bed. Emerging evidence suggests that liver sinusoidal ECs (LSECs), located in the metabolically rich environment of the liver, show high metabolic plasticity. However, the substrate preference for energy metabolism in LSECs remains unclear. METHODS Investigations were conducted in primary murine LSECs in vitro using the Seahorse XF technique for functional bioenergetic assays, untargeted mass spectrometry-based proteomics to analyse the LSEC proteome involved in energy metabolism pathways, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based analysis of acyl-carnitine species and Raman spectroscopy imaging to track intracellular palmitic acid. RESULTS This study comprehensively characterized the energy metabolism of LSECs, which were found to depend on oxidative phosphorylation, efficiently fuelled by glucose-derived pyruvate, short- and medium-chain fatty acids and glutamine. Furthermore, despite its high availability, palmitic acid was not directly oxidized in LSEC mitochondria, as evidenced by the acylcarnitine profile and etomoxir's lack of effect on oxygen consumption. However, together with L-carnitine, palmitic acid supported mitochondrial respiration, which is compatible with the chain-shortening role of peroxisomal β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids before further degradation and energy generation in mitochondria. CONCLUSIONS LSECs show a unique bioenergetic profile of highly metabolically plastic ECs adapted to the liver environment. The functional reliance of LSECs on oxidative phosphorylation, which is not a typical feature of ECs, remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Kaczara
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Izabela Czyzynska-Cichon
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Edyta Kus
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Kurpinska
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mariola Olkowicz
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamila Wojnar-Lason
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Pharmacology, Grzegorzecka 16, 31-531, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Z Pacia
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Olena Lytvynenko
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Myriam Baes
- KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Metabolism, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Pharmacology, Grzegorzecka 16, 31-531, Krakow, Poland
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Dong Z, Han W, Jiang P, Hao L, Fu X. Regulation of mitochondrial network architecture and function in mesenchymal stem cells by micropatterned surfaces. Regen Biomater 2024; 11:rbae052. [PMID: 38854681 PMCID: PMC11162196 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbae052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial network architecture, which is closely related to mitochondrial function, is mechanically sensitive and regulated by multiple stimuli. However, the effects of microtopographic cues on mitochondria remain poorly defined. Herein, polycaprolactone (PCL) surfaces were used as models to investigate how micropatterns regulate mitochondrial network architecture and function in rat adipose-derived stem cells (rASCs). It was found that large pit (LP)-induced rASCs to form larger and more complex mitochondrial networks. Consistently, the expression of key genes related to mitochondrial dynamics revealed that mitochondrial fusion (MFN1 and MFN2) and midzone fission (DRP1 and MFF) were increased in rASCs on LP. In contrast, the middle pit (MP)-enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis, as evidenced by the larger mitochondrial area and higher expression of PGC-1. Both LP and MP promoted ATP production in rASCs. It is likely that LP increased ATP levels through modulating mitochondrial network architecture while MP stimulated mitochondria biogenesis to do so. Our study clarified the regulation of micropatterned surfaces on mitochondria, highlighting the potential of LP and MP as a simple platform to stimulate mitochondria and the subsequent cellular function of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Dong
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 511442, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Weiju Han
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Panyu Jiang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 511442, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lijing Hao
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoling Fu
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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29
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Kim B, Zhao W, Coffey NJ, Bowman CE, Noji M, Jang C, Simon MC, Arany Z. HIF2α-dependent inhibition of mitochondrial clustering of glutaminase suppresses clear cell renal cell carcinoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.04.592520. [PMID: 38746132 PMCID: PMC11092754 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.04.592520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) are largely driven by HIF2α and are avid consumers of glutamine. However, inhibitors of glutaminase1 (GLS1), the first step in glutaminolysis, have not shown benefit in phase III trials, and HIF2α inhibition, recently FDA-approved for treatment of ccRCC, shows great but incomplete benefits, underscoring the need to better understand the roles of glutamine and HIF2α in ccRCC. Here, we report that glutamine deprivation rapidly redistributes GLS1 into isolated clusters within mitochondria across diverse cell types, excluding ccRCC. GLS1 clustering is rapid (1-3 hours) and reversible, is specifically driven by the level of intracellular glutamate, and is mediated by mitochondrial fission. Clustered GLS1 has markedly enhanced glutaminase activity and promotes cell death under glutamine-deprived conditions. We further show that HIF2α prevents GLS1 clustering, independently of its transcriptional activity, thereby protecting ccRCC cells from cell death induced by glutamine deprivation. Reversing this protection, by genetic expression of GLS1 mutants that constitutively cluster, enhances ccRCC cell death in culture and suppresses ccRCC growth in vivo . These finding provide multiple insights into cellular glutamine handling, including a novel metabolic pathway by which HIF2α promotes ccRCC, and reveals a potential therapeutic avenue to synergize with HIF2α inhibition in the treatment of ccRCC.
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Saukko-Paavola AJ, Klemm RW. Remodelling of mitochondrial function by import of specific lipids at multiple membrane-contact sites. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:1274-1291. [PMID: 38311340 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Organelles form physical and functional contact between each other to exchange information, metabolic intermediates, and signaling molecules. Tethering factors and contact site complexes bring partnering organelles into close spatial proximity to establish membrane contact sites (MCSs), which specialize in unique functions like lipid transport or Ca2+ signaling. Here, we discuss how MCSs form dynamic platforms that are important for lipid metabolism. We provide a perspective on how import of specific lipids from the ER and other organelles may contribute to remodeling of mitochondria during nutrient starvation. We speculate that mitochondrial adaptation is achieved by connecting several compartments into a highly dynamic organelle network. The lipid droplet appears to be a central hub in coordinating the function of these organelle neighborhoods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robin W Klemm
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK
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31
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Liu A, Kage F, Abdulkareem AF, Aguirre-Huamani MP, Sapp G, Aydin H, Higgs HN. Fatty acyl-coenzyme A activates mitochondrial division through oligomerization of MiD49 and MiD51. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:731-744. [PMID: 38594588 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-024-01400-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial fission occurs in many cellular processes, but the regulation of fission is poorly understood. We show that long-chain acyl-coenzyme A (LCACA) activates two related mitochondrial fission proteins, MiD49 and MiD51, by inducing their oligomerization, which activates their ability to stimulate the DRP1 GTPase. The 1:1 stoichiometry of LCACA:MiD in the oligomer suggests interaction in the previously identified nucleotide-binding pocket, and a point mutation in this pocket reduces LCACA binding and LCACA-induced oligomerization for MiD51. In cells, this LCACA binding mutant does not assemble into puncta on mitochondria or rescue MiD49/51 knockdown effects on mitochondrial length and DRP1 recruitment. Furthermore, cellular treatment with BSA-bound oleic acid, which causes increased LCACA, promotes mitochondrial fission in an MiD49/51-dependent manner. These results suggest that LCACA is an endogenous ligand for MiDs, inducing mitochondrial fission and providing a potential mechanism for fatty-acid-induced mitochondrial division. Finally, MiD49 or MiD51 oligomers synergize with Mff, but not with actin filaments, in DRP1 activation, suggesting distinct pathways for DRP1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Frieda Kage
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Asan F Abdulkareem
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Mac Pholo Aguirre-Huamani
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Gracie Sapp
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Halil Aydin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Henry N Higgs
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
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32
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Taylor AL, Dubuisson O, Pandey P, Zunica ERM, Vandanmagsar B, Dantas WS, Johnson A, Axelrod CL, Kirwan JP. Restricting bioenergetic efficiency enhances longevity and mitochondrial redox capacity in Drosophila melanogaster. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14107. [PMID: 38343281 PMCID: PMC11113268 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential for survival and as such, impairments in organelle homeostasis significantly accelerate age-related morbidity and mortality. Here, we determined the contribution of bioenergetic efficiency to life span and health span in Drosophila melanogaster utilizing the mitochondrial uncoupler BAM15. Life span was determined in flies fed a normal diet (ND) or high fat diet (HFD) supplemented with vehicle or BAM15. Locomotor function was determined by negative geotaxis assay in middle-aged flies fed vehicle or BAM15 under ND or HFD conditions. Redox capacity (high-resolution respirometry/fluorometry), citrate synthase (enzyme activity), mtDNA content (qPCR), gene expression (qPCR), and protein expression (western blot) were assessed in flight muscle homogenates of middle-aged flies fed vehicle or BAM15 ND. The molar ratio of H2O2 and O2 (H2O2:O2) in a defined respiratory state was calculated as a measure of redox balance. BAM15 extended life span by 9% on ND and 25% on HFD and improved locomotor activity by 125% on ND and 53% on HFD. Additionally, BAM15 enhanced oxidative phosphorylation capacity supported by pyruvate + malate, proline, and glycerol 3-phosphate. Concurrently, BAM15 enhanced the mitochondrial H2O2 production rate, reverse electron flow from mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (mGPDH) to Complex I, mGPDH, and Complex I without altering the H2O2:O2 ratio. BAM15 upregulated transcriptional signatures associated with mitochondrial function and fitness as well as antioxidant defense. BAM15-mediated restriction of bioenergetic efficiency prolongs life span and health span in Drosophila fed a ND or HFD. Improvements in life span and health span in ND were supported by synergistic enhancement of muscular redox capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analisa L. Taylor
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine LaboratoryPennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Olga Dubuisson
- Department of Biological SciencesLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Pritika Pandey
- Department of Biological SciencesLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Elizabeth R. M. Zunica
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine LaboratoryPennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Bolormaa Vandanmagsar
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine LaboratoryPennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Wagner S. Dantas
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine LaboratoryPennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Alyssa Johnson
- Department of Biological SciencesLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Christopher L. Axelrod
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine LaboratoryPennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - John P. Kirwan
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine LaboratoryPennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
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Henschke S, Nolte H, Magoley J, Kleele T, Brandt C, Hausen AC, Wunderlich CM, Bauder CA, Aschauer P, Manley S, Langer T, Wunderlich FT, Brüning JC. Food perception promotes phosphorylation of MFFS131 and mitochondrial fragmentation in liver. Science 2024; 384:438-446. [PMID: 38662831 DOI: 10.1126/science.adk1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Liver mitochondria play a central role in metabolic adaptations to changing nutritional states, yet their dynamic regulation upon anticipated changes in nutrient availability has remained unaddressed. Here, we found that sensory food perception rapidly induced mitochondrial fragmentation in the liver through protein kinase B/AKT (AKT)-dependent phosphorylation of serine 131 of the mitochondrial fission factor (MFFS131). This response was mediated by activation of hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)-expressing neurons. A nonphosphorylatable MFFS131G knock-in mutation abrogated AKT-induced mitochondrial fragmentation in vitro. In vivo, MFFS131G knock-in mice displayed altered liver mitochondrial dynamics and impaired insulin-stimulated suppression of hepatic glucose production. Thus, rapid activation of a hypothalamus-liver axis can adapt mitochondrial function to anticipated changes of nutritional state in control of hepatic glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinika Henschke
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Department of Neuronal Control of Metabolism, Cologne, Germany
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hendrik Nolte
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Judith Magoley
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Department of Neuronal Control of Metabolism, Cologne, Germany
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tatjana Kleele
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claus Brandt
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Department of Neuronal Control of Metabolism, Cologne, Germany
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - A Christine Hausen
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Department of Neuronal Control of Metabolism, Cologne, Germany
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Claudia M Wunderlich
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Department of Neuronal Control of Metabolism, Cologne, Germany
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Corinna A Bauder
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Department of Neuronal Control of Metabolism, Cologne, Germany
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philipp Aschauer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Suliana Manley
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Langer
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - F Thomas Wunderlich
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Department of Neuronal Control of Metabolism, Cologne, Germany
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens C Brüning
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Department of Neuronal Control of Metabolism, Cologne, Germany
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- National Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
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Firth W, Pye KR, Weightman Potter PG. Astrocytes at the intersection of ageing, obesity, and neurodegeneration. Clin Sci (Lond) 2024; 138:515-536. [PMID: 38652065 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Once considered passive cells of the central nervous system (CNS), glia are now known to actively maintain the CNS parenchyma; in recent years, the evidence for glial functions in CNS physiology and pathophysiology has only grown. Astrocytes, a heterogeneous group of glial cells, play key roles in regulating the metabolic and inflammatory landscape of the CNS and have emerged as potential therapeutic targets for a variety of disorders. This review will outline astrocyte functions in the CNS in healthy ageing, obesity, and neurodegeneration, with a focus on the inflammatory responses and mitochondrial function, and will address therapeutic outlooks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wyn Firth
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K
| | - Katherine R Pye
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | - Paul G Weightman Potter
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
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35
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Liao JZ, Chung HL, Shih C, Wong KKL, Dutta D, Nil Z, Burns CG, Kanca O, Park YJ, Zuo Z, Marcogliese PC, Sew K, Bellen HJ, Verheyen EM. Cdk8/CDK19 promotes mitochondrial fission through Drp1 phosphorylation and can phenotypically suppress pink1 deficiency in Drosophila. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3326. [PMID: 38637532 PMCID: PMC11026413 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47623-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cdk8 in Drosophila is the orthologue of vertebrate CDK8 and CDK19. These proteins have been shown to modulate transcriptional control by RNA polymerase II. We found that neuronal loss of Cdk8 severely reduces fly lifespan and causes bang sensitivity. Remarkably, these defects can be rescued by expression of human CDK19, found in the cytoplasm of neurons, suggesting a non-nuclear function of CDK19/Cdk8. Here we show that Cdk8 plays a critical role in the cytoplasm, with its loss causing elongated mitochondria in both muscles and neurons. We find that endogenous GFP-tagged Cdk8 can be found in both the cytoplasm and nucleus. We show that Cdk8 promotes the phosphorylation of Drp1 at S616, a protein required for mitochondrial fission. Interestingly, Pink1, a mitochondrial kinase implicated in Parkinson's disease, also phosphorylates Drp1 at the same residue. Indeed, overexpression of Cdk8 significantly suppresses the phenotypes observed in flies with low levels of Pink1, including elevated levels of ROS, mitochondrial dysmorphology, and behavioral defects. In summary, we propose that Pink1 and Cdk8 perform similar functions to promote Drp1-mediated fission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Zhe Liao
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, V5A1S6, BC, Canada
- Center for Cell Biology, Development and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, V5A1S6, BC, Canada
| | - Hyung-Lok Chung
- Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Claire Shih
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, V5A1S6, BC, Canada
- Center for Cell Biology, Development and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, V5A1S6, BC, Canada
| | - Kenneth Kin Lam Wong
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, V5A1S6, BC, Canada
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Debdeep Dutta
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zelha Nil
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Catherine Grace Burns
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Oguz Kanca
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ye-Jin Park
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zhongyuan Zuo
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Paul C Marcogliese
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E0J9, MB, Canada
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E3P4, MB, Canada
| | - Katherine Sew
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, V5A1S6, BC, Canada
- Center for Cell Biology, Development and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, V5A1S6, BC, Canada
| | - Hugo J Bellen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Esther M Verheyen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, V5A1S6, BC, Canada.
- Center for Cell Biology, Development and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, V5A1S6, BC, Canada.
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36
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Lee Y, Ju X, Cui J, Zhang T, Hong B, Kim YH, Ko Y, Park J, Choi CH, Heo JY, Chung W. Mitochondrial dysfunction precedes hippocampal IL-1β transcription and cognitive impairments after low-dose lipopolysaccharide injection in aged mice. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28974. [PMID: 38596096 PMCID: PMC11002287 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute cognitive impairments termed delirium often occur after inflammatory insults in elderly patients. While previous preclinical studies suggest mitochondria as a target for reducing neuroinflammation and cognitive impairments after LPS injection, fewer studies have evaluated the effects of a low-grade systemic inflammation in the aged brain. Thus, to identify the significance of mitochondrial dysfunction after a clinically relevant systemic inflammatory stimulus, we injected old-aged mice (18-20 months) with low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.04 mg/kg). LPS injection reduced mitochondrial respiration in the hippocampus 24 h after injection (respiratory control ratio [RCR], state3u/state4o; control = 2.82 ± 0.19, LPS = 2.57 ± 0.08). However, gene expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β was increased (RT-PCR, control = 1.00 ± 0.30; LPS = 2.01 ± 0.67) at a more delayed time point, 48 h after LPS injection. Such changes were associated with cognitive impairments in the Barnes maze and fear chamber tests. Notably, young mice were unaffected by low-dose LPS, suggesting that mitochondrial dysfunction precedes neuroinflammation and cognitive decline in elderly patients following a low-grade systemic insult. Our findings highlight mitochondria as a potential therapeutic target for reducing delirium in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulim Lee
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Xianshu Ju
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jianchen Cui
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province. The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Boohwi Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yoon Hee Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Youngkwon Ko
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jiho Park
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Sejong, South Korea
| | - Chul Hee Choi
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jun Young Heo
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
- Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Woosuk Chung
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
- Brain Research Institute, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
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Uslu C, Kapan E, Lyakhovich A. Cancer resistance and metastasis are maintained through oxidative phosphorylation. Cancer Lett 2024; 587:216705. [PMID: 38373691 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Malignant tumors have increased energy requirements due to growth, differentiation or response to stress. A significant number of studies in recent years have described upregulation of mitochondrial genes responsible for oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in some tumors. Although OXPHOS is replaced by glycolysis in some tumors (Warburg effect), both processes can occur simultaneously during the evolution of the same malignancies. In particular, chemoresistant and/or cancer stem cells appear to find a way to activate OXPHOS and metastasize. In this paper, we discuss recent work showing upregulation of OXPHOS in chemoresistant tumors and cell models. In addition, we show an inverse correlation of OXPHOS gene expression with the survival time of cancer patients after chemotherapy and discuss combination therapies for resistant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemile Uslu
- Sabanci University, Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Turkey
| | - Eda Kapan
- Sabanci University, Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Turkey
| | - Alex Lyakhovich
- Sabanci University, Molecular Biology, Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Turkey.
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Bahety D, Böke E, Rodríguez-Nuevo A. Mitochondrial morphology, distribution and activity during oocyte development. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00064-X. [PMID: 38599901 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria have a crucial role in cellular function and exhibit remarkable plasticity, adjusting both their structure and activity to meet the changing energy demands of a cell. Oocytes, female germ cells that become eggs, undergo unique transformations: the extended dormancy period, followed by substantial increase in cell size and subsequent maturation involving the segregation of genetic material for the next generation, present distinct metabolic challenges necessitating varied mitochondrial adaptations. Recent findings in dormant oocytes challenged the established respiratory complex hierarchies and underscored the extent of mitochondrial plasticity in long-lived oocytes. In this review, we discuss mitochondrial adaptations observed during oocyte development across three vertebrate species (Xenopus, mouse, and human), emphasising current knowledge, acknowledging limitations, and outlining future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh Bahety
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elvan Böke
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Aida Rodríguez-Nuevo
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.
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Zhou Z, Ma A, Moore TM, Wolf DM, Yang N, Tran P, Segawa M, Strumwasser AR, Ren W, Fu K, Wanagat J, van der Bliek AM, Crosbie-Watson R, Liesa M, Stiles L, Acin-Perez R, Mahata S, Shirihai O, Goodarzi MO, Handzlik M, Metallo CM, Walker DW, Hevener AL. Drp1 controls complex II assembly and skeletal muscle metabolism by Sdhaf2 action on mitochondria. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl0389. [PMID: 38569044 PMCID: PMC10990287 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl0389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The dynamin-related guanosine triphosphatase, Drp1 (encoded by Dnm1l), plays a central role in mitochondrial fission and is requisite for numerous cellular processes; however, its role in muscle metabolism remains unclear. Here, we show that, among human tissues, the highest number of gene correlations with DNM1L is in skeletal muscle. Knockdown of Drp1 (Drp1-KD) promoted mitochondrial hyperfusion in the muscle of male mice. Reduced fatty acid oxidation and impaired insulin action along with increased muscle succinate was observed in Drp1-KD muscle. Muscle Drp1-KD reduced complex II assembly and activity as a consequence of diminished mitochondrial translocation of succinate dehydrogenase assembly factor 2 (Sdhaf2). Restoration of Sdhaf2 normalized complex II activity, lipid oxidation, and insulin action in Drp1-KD myocytes. Drp1 is critical in maintaining mitochondrial complex II assembly, lipid oxidation, and insulin sensitivity, suggesting a mechanistic link between mitochondrial morphology and skeletal muscle metabolism, which is clinically relevant in combatting metabolic-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqi Zhou
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alice Ma
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Timothy M. Moore
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Dane M. Wolf
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicole Yang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Peter Tran
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mayuko Segawa
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alexander R. Strumwasser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Wenjuan Ren
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kai Fu
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jonathan Wanagat
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
| | | | - Rachelle Crosbie-Watson
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Marc Liesa
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Linsey Stiles
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Rebecca Acin-Perez
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sushil Mahata
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Orian Shirihai
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mark O. Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Michal Handzlik
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Christian M. Metallo
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - David W. Walker
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Andrea L. Hevener
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Iris Cantor UCLA Women’s Health Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System GRECC, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
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40
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Zou XF, Wu SH, Ma JG, Yin ZQ, Hu ZD, Wang YW, Yang J, Guo RD. 3-O-Methyl-D-Glucose Blunts Cold Ischemia Damage in Kidney via Inhibiting Ferroptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116262. [PMID: 38394845 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The glucose derivative 3-O-methyl-D-glucose (OMG) is used as a cryoprotectant in freezing cells. However, its protective role and the related mechanism in static cold storage (CS) of organs are unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of OMG on cod ischemia damage in cold preservation of donor kidney. METHODS Pretreatment of OMG on kidney was performed in an isolated renal cold storage model in rats. LDH activity in renal efflux was used to evaluate the cellular damage. Indicators including iron levels, mitochondrial damage, MDA level, and cellular apoptosis were measured. Kidney quality was assessed via a kidney transplantation (KTx) model in rats. The grafted animals were followed up for 7 days. Ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury and inflammatory response were assessed by biochemical and histological analyses. RESULTS OMG pretreatment alleviated prolonged CS-induced renal damage as evidenced by reduced LDH activities and tubular apoptosis. Kidney with pCS has significantly increased iron, MDA, and TUNEL+ cells, implying the increased ferroptosis, which has been partly inhibited by OMG. OMG pretreatment has improved the renal function (p <0.05) and prolonged the 7-day survival of the grafting recipients after KTx, as compared to the control group. OMG has significantly decreased inflammation and tubular damage after KTx, as evidenced by CD3-positive cells and TUNEL-positive cells. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that OMG protected kidney against the prolonged cold ischemia-caused injuries through inhibiting ferroptosis. Our results suggested that OMG might have potential clinical application in cold preservation of donor kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun-Feng Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Shao-Hua Wu
- Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Jian-Gong Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (MOE), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhi-Qi Yin
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Zhan-Dong Hu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yi-Wei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Jie Yang
- University hospital, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Ren-De Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China.
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41
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Zhang W, Li M, Ye X, Jiang M, Wu X, Tang Z, Hu L, Zhang H, Li Y, Pan J. Disturbance of mitochondrial dynamics in myocardium of broilers with pulmonary hypertension syndrome. Br Poult Sci 2024; 65:154-164. [PMID: 38380624 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2308277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
1. The following study investigated the relationship between pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS) and mitochondrial dynamics in broiler cardiomyocytes.2. An animal model for PHS was established by injecting broiler chickens with CM-32 cellulose particles. Broiler myocardial cells were cultured under hypoxic conditions to establish an in vitro model. The ascites heart index, histomorphology, mitochondrial ultrastructure, and mitochondrial dynamic-related gene and protein expression were evaluated.3. The myocardial fibres from PHS broilers had wider spaces and were wavy and twisted and the number of mitochondria increased. Compared with the control group, the gene and protein expression levels were decreased for Opa1, Mfn1, and Mfn2 in the myocardium of PHS broilers. The gene and protein expression was significantly increased for Drp1 and Mff.4. This study showed that PHS in broilers may cause myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction, specifically by diminishing mitochondrial fusion and enhancing fission, causing disturbances in the mitochondrial dynamics of the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - M Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - X Ye
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - M Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - X Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Z Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - L Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - H Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Y Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - J Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
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Pokharel MD, Garcia-Flores A, Marciano D, Franco MC, Fineman JR, Aggarwal S, Wang T, Black SM. Mitochondrial network dynamics in pulmonary disease: Bridging the gap between inflammation, oxidative stress, and bioenergetics. Redox Biol 2024; 70:103049. [PMID: 38295575 PMCID: PMC10844980 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Once thought of in terms of bioenergetics, mitochondria are now widely accepted as both the orchestrator of cellular health and the gatekeeper of cell death. The pulmonary disease field has performed extensive efforts to explore the role of mitochondria in regulating inflammation, cellular metabolism, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. However, a critical component of these processes needs to be more studied: mitochondrial network dynamics. Mitochondria morphologically change in response to their environment to regulate these processes through fusion, fission, and mitophagy. This allows mitochondria to adapt their function to respond to cellular requirements, a critical component in maintaining cellular homeostasis. For that reason, mitochondrial network dynamics can be considered a bridge that brings multiple cellular processes together, revealing a potential pathway for therapeutic intervention. In this review, we discuss the critical modulators of mitochondrial dynamics and how they are affected in pulmonary diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), acute lung injury (ALI), and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). A dysregulated mitochondrial network plays a crucial role in lung disease pathobiology, and aberrant fission/fusion/mitophagy pathways are druggable processes that warrant further exploration. Thus, we also discuss the candidates for lung disease therapeutics that regulate mitochondrial network dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa D Pokharel
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, 11350 SW Village Parkway, Port St. Lucie, FL, 34987-2352, USA; Department of Molecular & Cellular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Alejandro Garcia-Flores
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, 11350 SW Village Parkway, Port St. Lucie, FL, 34987-2352, USA
| | - David Marciano
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, 11350 SW Village Parkway, Port St. Lucie, FL, 34987-2352, USA; Department of Molecular & Cellular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Maria C Franco
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, 11350 SW Village Parkway, Port St. Lucie, FL, 34987-2352, USA; Department of Molecular & Cellular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Fineman
- Department of Pediatrics, UC San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Saurabh Aggarwal
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Ting Wang
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, 11350 SW Village Parkway, Port St. Lucie, FL, 34987-2352, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Stephen M Black
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, 11350 SW Village Parkway, Port St. Lucie, FL, 34987-2352, USA; Department of Molecular & Cellular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
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43
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You W, Li Y, Liu K, Mi X, Li Y, Guo X, Li Z. Latest assessment methods for mitochondrial homeostasis in cognitive diseases. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:754-768. [PMID: 37843209 PMCID: PMC10664105 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.382222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play an essential role in neural function, such as supporting normal energy metabolism, regulating reactive oxygen species, buffering physiological calcium loads, and maintaining the balance of morphology, subcellular distribution, and overall health through mitochondrial dynamics. Given the recent technological advances in the assessment of mitochondrial structure and functions, mitochondrial dysfunction has been regarded as the early and key pathophysiological mechanism of cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, mild cognitive impairment, and postoperative cognitive dysfunction. This review will focus on the recent advances in mitochondrial medicine and research methodology in the field of cognitive sciences, from the perspectives of energy metabolism, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, and mitochondrial dynamics (including fission-fusion, transport, and mitophagy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei You
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University Third Clinical Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kaixi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinning Mi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yitong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyang Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Center of Quality Control and Improvement on Clinical Anesthesia, Beijing, China
- Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine Branch of China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care (CPAM), Beijing, China
| | - Zhengqian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Center of Quality Control and Improvement on Clinical Anesthesia, Beijing, China
- Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine Branch of China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care (CPAM), Beijing, China
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Kim M, Paik JH, Lee H, Kim MJ, Eum SM, Kim SY, Choi S, Park HY, Jeong HG, Jeong TS. Ancistrocladus tectorius Extract Inhibits Obesity by Promoting Thermogenesis and Mitochondrial Dynamics in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3743. [PMID: 38612554 PMCID: PMC11011498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Root extracts of Ancistrocladus tectorius (AT), a shrub native to China, have been shown to have antiviral and antitumor activities, but the anti-obesity effects of AT aerial parts, mainly the leaves and stems, have not been investigated. This study is the first to investigate the anti-obesity effects and molecular mechanism of AT 70% ethanol extract in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL/6J mice. Treatment with AT extract inhibited lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells and decreased the expression of adipogenesis-related genes. AT extract also upregulated the mRNA expression of genes related to mitochondrial dynamics in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. AT administration for 12 weeks reduced body weight and organ weights, including liver, pancreas, and white and brown adipose tissue, and improved plasma profiles such as glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol in HFD-fed mice. AT extract reduced HFD-induced hepatic steatosis with levels of liver TG and lipogenesis-related genes. AT extract upregulated thermogenesis-related genes such as Cidea, Pgc1α, Ucp1, Prdm16, Adrb1, and Adrb3 and mitochondrial dynamics-related genes such as Mff, Opa1, and Mfn2 in brown adipose tissue (BAT). Therefore, AT extract effectively reduced obesity by promoting thermogenesis and the mitochondrial dynamics of BAT in HFD-fed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minju Kim
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (H.L.); (M.J.K.); (H.-Y.P.)
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyub Paik
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (J.H.P.); (S.M.E.); (S.Y.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Hwa Lee
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (H.L.); (M.J.K.); (H.-Y.P.)
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (H.L.); (M.J.K.); (H.-Y.P.)
| | - Sang Mi Eum
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (J.H.P.); (S.M.E.); (S.Y.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Soo Yong Kim
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (J.H.P.); (S.M.E.); (S.Y.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Sangho Choi
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (J.H.P.); (S.M.E.); (S.Y.K.); (S.C.)
| | - Ho-Yong Park
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (H.L.); (M.J.K.); (H.-Y.P.)
| | - Hye Gwang Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Sook Jeong
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (H.L.); (M.J.K.); (H.-Y.P.)
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Renaud D, Höller A, Michel M. Potential Drug-Nutrient Interactions of 45 Vitamins, Minerals, Trace Elements, and Associated Dietary Compounds with Acetylsalicylic Acid and Warfarin-A Review of the Literature. Nutrients 2024; 16:950. [PMID: 38612984 PMCID: PMC11013948 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In cardiology, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and warfarin are among the most commonly used prophylactic therapies against thromboembolic events. Drug-drug interactions are generally well-known. Less known are the drug-nutrient interactions (DNIs), impeding drug absorption and altering micronutritional status. ASA and warfarin might influence the micronutritional status of patients through different mechanisms such as binding or modification of binding properties of ligands, absorption, transport, cellular use or concentration, or excretion. Our article reviews the drug-nutrient interactions that alter micronutritional status. Some of these mechanisms could be investigated with the aim to potentiate the drug effects. DNIs are seen occasionally in ASA and warfarin and could be managed through simple strategies such as risk stratification of DNIs on an individual patient basis; micronutritional status assessment as part of the medical history; extensive use of the drug-interaction probability scale to reference little-known interactions, and application of a personal, predictive, and preventive medical model using omics.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Renaud
- DIU MAPS, Fundamental and Biomedical Sciences, Paris-Cité University, 75006 Paris, France
- DIU MAPS, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes, 47012 Valladolid, Spain
- Fundacja Recover, 05-124 Skrzeszew, Poland
| | - Alexander Höller
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University Hospital Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Miriam Michel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Division of Pediatrics III—Cardiology, Pulmonology, Allergology and Cystic Fibrosis, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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46
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Mistretta M, Fiorito V, Allocco AL, Ammirata G, Hsu MY, Digiovanni S, Belicchi M, Napoli L, Ripolone M, Trombetta E, Mauri P, Farini A, Meregalli M, Villa C, Porporato PE, Miniscalco B, Crich SG, Riganti C, Torrente Y, Tolosano E. Flvcr1a deficiency promotes heme-based energy metabolism dysfunction in skeletal muscle. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113854. [PMID: 38412099 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The definition of cell metabolic profile is essential to ensure skeletal muscle fiber heterogeneity and to achieve a proper equilibrium between the self-renewal and commitment of satellite stem cells. Heme sustains several biological functions, including processes profoundly implicated with cell metabolism. The skeletal muscle is a significant heme-producing body compartment, but the consequences of impaired heme homeostasis on this tissue have been poorly investigated. Here, we generate a skeletal-muscle-specific feline leukemia virus subgroup C receptor 1a (FLVCR1a) knockout mouse model and show that, by sustaining heme synthesis, FLVCR1a contributes to determine the energy phenotype in skeletal muscle cells and to modulate satellite cell differentiation and muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Mistretta
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Fiorito
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Anna Lucia Allocco
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Giorgia Ammirata
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Myriam Y Hsu
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Sabrina Digiovanni
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Marzia Belicchi
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Centre, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Napoli
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Ripolone
- Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Trombetta
- Flow Cytometry Service, Clinical Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - PierLuigi Mauri
- National Research Council of Italy, Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, ITB-CNR, 20054 Segrate, Milan, Italy; Clinical Proteomics Laboratory c/o ITB-CNR, CNR.Biomics Infrastructure, ElixirNextGenIT, 20054 Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Farini
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Mirella Meregalli
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Centre, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Villa
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Centre, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Ettore Porporato
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Barbara Miniscalco
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Torino, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Yvan Torrente
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Centre, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Tolosano
- Molecular Biotechnology Center (MBC) "Guido Tarone", Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy.
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Chustecki JM, Johnston IG. Collective mitochondrial dynamics resolve conflicting cellular tensions: From plants to general principles. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 156:253-265. [PMID: 38043948 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play diverse and essential roles in eukaryotic cells, and plants are no exception. Plant mitochondria have several differences from their metazoan and fungal cousins: they often exist in a fragmented state, move rapidly on actin rather than microtubules, have many plant-specific metabolic features and roles, and usually contain only a subset of the complete mtDNA genome, which itself undergoes frequent recombination. This arrangement means that exchange and complementation is essential for plant mitochondria, and recent work has begun to reveal how their collective dynamics and resultant "social networks" of encounters support this exchange, connecting plant mitochondria in time rather than in space. This review will argue that this social network perspective can be extended to a "societal network", where mitochondrial dynamics are an essential part of the interacting cellular society of organelles and biomolecules. Evidence is emerging that mitochondrial dynamics allow optimal resolutions to competing cellular priorities; we will survey this evidence and review potential future research directions, highlighting that plant mitochondria can help reveal and test principles that apply across other kingdoms of life. In parallel with this fundamental cell biology, we also highlight the translational "One Health" importance of plant mitochondrial behaviour - which is exploited in the production of a vast amount of crops consumed worldwide - and the potential for multi-objective optimisation to understand and rationally re-engineer the evolved resolutions to these tensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna M Chustecki
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Iain G Johnston
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Computational Biology Unit, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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Fan D, Pan K, Guo J, Liu Z, Zhang C, Zhang J, Qian X, Shen H, Zhao J. Exercise ameliorates fine particulate matter-induced metabolic damage through the SIRT1/AMPKα/PGC1-α/NRF1 signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 245:117973. [PMID: 38145729 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution, particularly fine particulate matter (PM2.5), poses a major threat to human health. Exercise has long been recognized as a beneficial way to maintain physical health. However, there is limited research on whether exercise can mitigate the damage caused by PM2.5 exposure. In this study, the mice were exercised on the IITC treadmill for 1 h per day, then exposed to concentrated PM2.5 for 8 h. After 2, 4 and 6-month exercise and PM2.5 exposure, the glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance were determined. Meanwhile, the corresponding indicators in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT) and skeletal muscle were detected. The results indicated that PM2.5 exposure significantly increased insulin resistance (IR), while exercise effectively attenuated this response. The observations of muscle, BAT and eWAT by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that PM2.5 significantly reduced the number of mitochondria in all of the three tissues mentioned above, and decreased the mitochondrial area in skeletal muscle and BAT. Exercise reversed the changes in mitochondrial area in all of the three tissues, but had no effect on the reduction of mitochondrial number in skeletal muscle. At 2 months, the expressions of Mfn2, Mfn1, OPA1, Drp1 and Fis1 in eWAT of the PM mice showed no significant changes when compared with the corresponding FA mice. However, at 4 months and 6 months, the expression levels of these genes in PM mice were higher than those in the FA mice in skeletal muscle. Exercise intervention significantly reduced the upregulation of these genes induced by PM exposure. The study indicated that PM2.5 may impact mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics by inhibiting the SIRT1/AMPKα/PGC1-α/NRF1 pathway, which further lead to IR, glucose and lipid disorders. However, exercise might alleviate the damages caused by PM2.5 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxia Fan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Pan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; AIDS Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Department, Shangcheng District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianshu Guo
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhixiu Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chihang Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, China
| | - Xiaolin Qian
- Department of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Xuhui District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Heqing Shen
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, China; Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
| | - Jinzhuo Zhao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; IRDR ICoE on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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49
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Chen N, Wan X, Cheng S, Tang G, Xia D, Xu Y, Shen Y. Defective autophagic flux aggravates cadmium-induced Sertoli cell apoptosis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 273:116095. [PMID: 38367604 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The male reproductive dysfunction accounts for 50% of infertile couples in the world. Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most harmful heavy metals to both the environment and inhabitants. Accumulating data suggest that Cd could cause male infertility. Sertoli cell (SC) is a somatic cell of testis and a key regulator of spermatogenesis by providing physical and nutritional support for developing sperm. Many studies showed that Cd induced dysfunction of SCs was directly related to male reproductive damage. However, the mechanism of SCs injury caused by Cd remains to be clarified. We found that Cd treatment caused a significant increase of apoptosis in SCs cells, accompanied by a marked increase in the production of ROS. These results were associated with the formation of mitochondria-containing autophagosomes and increased expression of LC3-II in vitro. Interestingly, our results showed that Cd did not promote but inhibited the fusion of mitochondria-containing autophagosomes with lysosomes by reducing the function of lysosomes. Together, this study provides insight into the negative effects of Cd, which interferes with autophagic flux and induces the apoptosis of SCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Wan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510620, PR China
| | - Shun Cheng
- College of Zhixing, Hubei University, Wuhan 430011, PR China
| | - Guiju Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Dan Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Yanling Xu
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Affiliated Ruijin Hospital Wuxi Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, PR China.
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China.
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50
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Ramatchandirin B, Iijima M, Ikeda A, Pearah A, Radovick S, Wondisford FE, Sesaki H, He L. Protocol for measuring mitochondrial size in mouse and human liver tissues. STAR Protoc 2024; 5:102842. [PMID: 38244201 PMCID: PMC10831311 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2024.102842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dynamic process is important for cell viability, metabolic activity, and mitochondria health. Here, we present a protocol for measuring mitochondrial size through immunofluorescence staining, confocal imaging, and analysis in ImageJ. We describe the steps for tissue processing, antigen retrieval, mitochondrial staining using an integrating immunofluorescence assay, and computerized image analysis to measure each mitochondrial size in mouse and human liver tissues. This protocol reduces tissue sample volume and processing time for the preparation of primary cells. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Pearah et al.1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miho Iijima
- Departments of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Arisa Ikeda
- Departments of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Alexia Pearah
- Departments of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Sally Radovick
- Institute of Clinical Translational Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Fredric E Wondisford
- Departments of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Hiromi Sesaki
- Departments of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Ling He
- Departments of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Departments of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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