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Di YP, Kuhn JM, Mangoni ML. Lung antimicrobial proteins and peptides: from host defense to therapeutic strategies. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:1643-1677. [PMID: 39052018 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00039.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Representing severe morbidity and mortality globally, respiratory infections associated with chronic respiratory diseases, including complicated pneumonia, asthma, interstitial lung disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, are a major public health concern. Lung health and the prevention of pulmonary disease rely on the mechanisms of airway surface fluid secretion, mucociliary clearance, and adequate immune response to eradicate inhaled pathogens and particulate matter from the environment. The antimicrobial proteins and peptides contribute to maintaining an antimicrobial milieu in human lungs to eliminate pathogens and prevent them from causing pulmonary diseases. The predominant antimicrobial molecules of the lung environment include human α- and β-defensins and cathelicidins, among numerous other host defense molecules with antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity such as PLUNC (palate, lung, and nasal epithelium clone) family proteins, elafin, collectins, lactoferrin, lysozymes, mucins, secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor, surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D, and RNases. It has been demonstrated that changes in antimicrobial molecule expression levels are associated with regulating inflammation, potentiating exacerbations, pathological changes, and modifications in chronic lung disease severity. Antimicrobial molecules also display roles in both anticancer and tumorigenic effects. Lung antimicrobial proteins and peptides are promising alternative therapeutics for treating and preventing multidrug-resistant bacterial infections and anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanpu Peter Di
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Jenna Marie Kuhn
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Maria Luisa Mangoni
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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2
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Hiroshima Y, Kido R, Kido JI, Bando M, Yoshida K, Murakami A, Shinohara Y. Synthesis of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor using cell-free protein synthesis system. Odontology 2024; 112:1103-1112. [PMID: 38502469 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-024-00910-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) functions as a protease inhibitor that modulates excessive proteolysis in the body, exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, regulates inflammatory responses, and plays an important role in the innate immunity. The purpose of the study was to artificially synthesize a SLPI, an antimicrobial peptide, and investigate its effect on antimicrobial activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production. SLPI protein with a molecular weight of approximately 13 kDa was artificially synthesized using a cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) system and investigated by western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Disulfide bond isomerase in the protein synthesis mixture increased the amount of SLPI synthesized. The synthesized SLPI (sSLPI) protein was purified and its antimicrobial activity was investigated based on the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis and bacterial adhesion to oral epithelial cells. The effect of sSLPI on IL-6 production in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLFs) was examined by ELISA. Our results showed that sSLPI significantly inhibited the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis and bacterial adhesion to oral epithelial cells and further inhibited IL-6 production by HPLFs. These results suggested that SLPI artificially synthesized using the CFPS system may play a role in the prevention of periodontal diseases through its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Hiroshima
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan.
| | - Rie Kido
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Kido
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Mika Bando
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kaya Yoshida
- Department of Oral Healthcare Promotion, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akikazu Murakami
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15, Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan
| | - Yasuo Shinohara
- Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
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3
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Brown R, Dougan C, Ferris P, Delaney R, Houston CJ, Rodgers A, Downey DG, Mall MA, Connolly B, Small D, Weldon S, Taggart CC. SLPI deficiency alters airway protease activity and induces cell recruitment in a model of muco-obstructive lung disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1433642. [PMID: 39301022 PMCID: PMC11410634 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1433642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) is an important cationic protein involved in innate airway immunity and highly expressed in mucosal secretions, shown to target and inhibit neutrophil elastase (NE), cathepsin G and trypsin activity to limit proteolytic activity. In addition to the potent anti-protease activity, SLPI has been demonstrated to exert a direct anti-inflammatory effect, which is mediated via increased inhibition and competitive binding of NF-κB, regulating immune responses through limiting transcription of pro-inflammatory gene targets. In muco-obstructive lung disorders, such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Cystic Fibrosis (CF), there is an observed elevation in airway SLPI protein concentrations as a result of increased lung inflammation and disease progression. However, studies have identified COPD patients presenting with diminished SLPI concentrations. Furthermore, there is a decrease in SLPI concentrations through cleavage and subsequent inactivation by NE degradation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa infected people with CF (pwCF). These observations suggest reduced SLPI protein levels may contribute to the compromising of airway immunity indicating a potential role of decreased SLPI levels in the pathogenesis of muco-obstructive lung disease. The Beta Epithelial Na+ Channel transgenic (ENaC-Tg) mouse model phenotype exhibits characteristics which replicate the pathological features observed in conditions such as COPD and CF, including mucus accumulation, alterations in airway morphology and increased pulmonary inflammation. To evaluate the effect of SLPI in muco-obstructive pulmonary disease, ENaC-Tg mice were crossed with SLPI knock-out (SLPI-/-) mice, generating a ENaC-Tg/SLPI-/- colony to further investigate the role of SLPI in chronic lung disease and determine the effect of its ablation on disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Brown
- Airway Innate Immunity Research (AiiR) Group, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Caoifa Dougan
- Airway Innate Immunity Research (AiiR) Group, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Ferris
- Airway Innate Immunity Research (AiiR) Group, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Delaney
- Airway Innate Immunity Research (AiiR) Group, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Claire J Houston
- Airway Innate Immunity Research (AiiR) Group, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Aoife Rodgers
- Airway Innate Immunity Research (AiiR) Group, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Damian G Downey
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus A Mall
- Department of Translational Pulmonology, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Bronwen Connolly
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Donna Small
- Airway Innate Immunity Research (AiiR) Group, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Sinéad Weldon
- Airway Innate Immunity Research (AiiR) Group, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Clifford C Taggart
- Airway Innate Immunity Research (AiiR) Group, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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4
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Promsong A, Chuerduangphui J, Levy CN, Hladik F, Satthakarn S, Nittayananta W. Effects of Ellagic Acid on Vaginal Innate Immune Mediators and HPV16 Infection In Vitro. Molecules 2024; 29:3630. [PMID: 39125034 PMCID: PMC11314121 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29153630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA) is a phenolic phytochemical found in many plants and their fruits. Vaginal epithelial cells are the first line of defense against pathogen invasion in the female reproductive tract and express antimicrobial peptides, including hBD2 and SLPI. This study investigated the in vitro effects of EA (1) on vaginal innate immunity using human vaginal epithelial cells, and (2) on HPV16 pseudovirus infection. Vaginal cells were cultured in the presence or absence of EA, and the expression of hBD2 and SLPI was determined at both transcriptional and translational levels. In addition, secretion of various cytokines and chemokines was measured. Cytotoxicity of EA was determined by CellTiter-blue and MTT assays. To investigate the ability of EA to inhibit HPV16 infection, EA was used to treat HEK-293FT cells in pre-attachment and adsorption steps. We found significant increases in both hBD2 mRNA (mean 2.9-fold at 12.5 µM EA, p < 0.001) and protein (mean 7.1-fold at 12.5 µM EA, p = 0.002) in response to EA. SLPI mRNA also increased significantly (mean 1.4-fold at 25 µM EA, p = 0.01), but SLPI protein did not. Secretion of IL-2 but not of other cytokines/chemokines was induced by EA in a dose-dependent manner. EA was not cytotoxic. At the pre-attachment step, EA at CC20 and CC50 showed a slight trend towards inhibiting HPV16 pseudovirus, but this was not significant. In summary, vaginal epithelial cells can respond to EA by producing innate immune factors, and at tested concentrations, EA is not cytotoxic. Thus, plant-derived EA could be useful as an immunomodulatory agent to improve vaginal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aornrutai Promsong
- Faculty of Medicine, Princess of Naradhiwas University, Narathiwat 96000, Thailand;
| | | | - Claire N. Levy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (C.N.L.); (F.H.)
| | - Florian Hladik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (C.N.L.); (F.H.)
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Surada Satthakarn
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand;
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Sage SE, Leeb T, Jagannathan V, Gerber V. Single-cell profiling of bronchoalveolar cells reveals a Th17 signature in neutrophilic severe equine asthma. Immunology 2024; 171:549-565. [PMID: 38153159 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe equine asthma (SEA) is a complex respiratory condition characterized by chronic airway inflammation. It shares many clinical and pathological features with human neutrophilic asthma, making it a valuable model for studying this condition. However, the immune mechanisms driving SEA have remained elusive. Although SEA has been primarily associated with a Th2 response, there have also been reports of Th1, Th17, or mixed-mediated responses. To uncover the elusive immune mechanisms driving SEA, we performed single-cell mRNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on cryopreserved bronchoalveolar cells from 11 Warmblood horses, 5 controls and 6 with SEA. We identified six major cell types, including B cells, T cells, monocytes-macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, and mast cells. All cell types exhibited significant heterogeneity, with previously identified and novel cell subtypes. Notably, we observed monocyte-lymphocyte complexes and detected a robust Th17 signature in SEA, with CXCL13 upregulation in intermediate monocytes. Asthmatic horses exhibited expansion of the B-cell population, Th17 polarization of the T-cell populations, and dysregulation of genes associated with T-cell function. Neutrophils demonstrated enhanced migratory capacity and heightened aptitude for neutrophil extracellular trap formation. These findings provide compelling evidence for a predominant Th17 immune response in neutrophilic SEA, driven by dysregulation of monocyte and T-cell genes. The dysregulated genes identified through scRNA-seq have potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for SEA and provide insights into human neutrophilic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie E Sage
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Genetics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vinzenz Gerber
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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6
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Liou TG, Argel N, Asfour F, Brown PS, Chatfield BA, Cox DR, Daines CL, Durham D, Francis JA, Glover B, Helms M, Heynekamp T, Hoidal JR, Jensen JL, Kartsonaki C, Keogh R, Kopecky CM, Lechtzin N, Li Y, Lysinger J, Molina O, Nakamura C, Packer KA, Paine R, Poch KR, Quittner AL, Radford P, Redway AJ, Sagel SD, Szczesniak RD, Sprandel S, Taylor-Cousar JL, Vroom JB, Yoshikawa R, Clancy JP, Elborn JS, Olivier KN, Adler FR. Airway inflammation accelerates pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis. iScience 2024; 27:108835. [PMID: 38384849 PMCID: PMC10879674 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Airway inflammation underlies cystic fibrosis (CF) pulmonary exacerbations. In a prospective multicenter study of randomly selected, clinically stable adolescents and adults, we assessed relationships between 24 inflammation-associated molecules and the future occurrence of CF pulmonary exacerbation using proportional hazards models. We explored relationships for potential confounding or mediation by clinical factors and assessed sensitivities to treatments including CF transmembrane regulator (CFTR) protein synthesis modulators. Results from 114 participants, including seven on ivacaftor or lumacaftor-ivacaftor, representative of the US CF population during the study period, identified 10 biomarkers associated with future exacerbations mediated by percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s. The findings were not sensitive to anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, and CFTR modulator treatments. The analyses suggest that combination treatments addressing RAGE-axis inflammation, protease-mediated injury, and oxidative stress might prevent pulmonary exacerbations. Our work may apply to other airway inflammatory diseases such as bronchiectasis and the acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore G Liou
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, Division of Respiratory, Critical Care and Occupational Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, 26 North Mario Capecchi Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- Primary Children's Cystic Fibrosis Center, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, 81 North Mario Capecchi Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84113, USA
| | - Natalia Argel
- Cystic Fibrosis Center, Phoenix Children's Hospital, 1919 East Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
| | - Fadi Asfour
- Primary Children's Cystic Fibrosis Center, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, 81 North Mario Capecchi Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84113, USA
| | - Perry S Brown
- St. Luke's Cystic Fibrosis Center of Idaho, 610 W. Hays Street, Boise, ID 83702, USA
| | - Barbara A Chatfield
- Primary Children's Cystic Fibrosis Center, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, 81 North Mario Capecchi Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84113, USA
| | - David R Cox
- Nuffield College, 1 New Rd, Oxford OX1 1NF, UK
| | - Cori L Daines
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona Health Sciences, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Avenue, Room 3301, PO Box 245073, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | | | - Jessica A Francis
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, Division of Respiratory, Critical Care and Occupational Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, 26 North Mario Capecchi Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Barbara Glover
- Cystic Fibrosis Center, 3006 S. Maryland Pkwy, Suite #315, Las Vegas, NV 89109, USA
| | - My Helms
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, Division of Respiratory, Critical Care and Occupational Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, 26 North Mario Capecchi Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Theresa Heynekamp
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Program, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, DoIM MSC10-5550, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - John R Hoidal
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, Division of Respiratory, Critical Care and Occupational Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, 26 North Mario Capecchi Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Judy L Jensen
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, Division of Respiratory, Critical Care and Occupational Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, 26 North Mario Capecchi Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Christiana Kartsonaki
- Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit and Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ruth Keogh
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Carol M Kopecky
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13123 East 16th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Noah Lechtzin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 E. Monument Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yanping Li
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, Division of Respiratory, Critical Care and Occupational Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, 26 North Mario Capecchi Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Jerimiah Lysinger
- Montana Cystic Fibrosis Center, Billings Clinic, 2800 10th Avenue N, Billings, MT 59101, USA
| | - Osmara Molina
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona Health Sciences, University of Arizona, 1501 N. Campbell Avenue, Room 3301, PO Box 245073, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Craig Nakamura
- Cystic Fibrosis Center, 3006 S. Maryland Pkwy, Suite #315, Las Vegas, NV 89109, USA
| | - Kristyn A Packer
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, Division of Respiratory, Critical Care and Occupational Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, 26 North Mario Capecchi Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Robert Paine
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, Division of Respiratory, Critical Care and Occupational Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, 26 North Mario Capecchi Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Katie R Poch
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | | | - Peggy Radford
- Cystic Fibrosis Center, Phoenix Children's Hospital, 1919 East Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
| | - Abby J Redway
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Program, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, DoIM MSC10-5550, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Scott D Sagel
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13123 East 16th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Rhonda D Szczesniak
- Division of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Shawna Sprandel
- Montana Cystic Fibrosis Center, Billings Clinic, 2800 10th Avenue N, Billings, MT 59101, USA
| | - Jennifer L Taylor-Cousar
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson St, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Jane B Vroom
- Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, Division of Respiratory, Critical Care and Occupational Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, 26 North Mario Capecchi Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- Primary Children's Cystic Fibrosis Center, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, 81 North Mario Capecchi Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84113, USA
| | - Ryan Yoshikawa
- Cystic Fibrosis Center, 3006 S. Maryland Pkwy, Suite #315, Las Vegas, NV 89109, USA
| | - John P Clancy
- Former: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - J Stuart Elborn
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Health Sciences Building, Lisburn Rd, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Kenneth N Olivier
- Laboratory of Chronic Airway Infection, Pulmonary Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive MSC1454, Building 10-CRC, Room 1408A, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Frederick R Adler
- Department of Mathematics, 155 South 1400 East, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, 257 South 1400 East, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Sun W, Yang H, Zhang J, Wei S, Wu Q, Yang J, Cao C, Cui Z, Zheng H, Wang Y. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor as a novel predictive biomarker in patients with diabetic kidney disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1334418. [PMID: 38501106 PMCID: PMC10944902 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1334418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) is a multifunctional protein involved in the chronic inflammatory process, implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of DKD has yet to be evaluated. This study explored the clinical utility of SLPI in the diagnosis and prognosis of renal endpoint events in patients with DKD. Methods A multi-center cross-sectional study comprised of 266 patients with DKD and a predictive cohort study comprised of 120 patients with stage IV DKD conducted between December 2016 and January 2022. The clinical parameters were collected for statistical analysis, a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the independent risk factors for renal endpoints. Results Serum SLPI levels gradually increased with DKD progression (p<0.01). A significant correlation was observed between serum SLPI levels and renal function in patients with DKD. The mean follow-up duration in this cohort study was 2.32 ± 1.30 years. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed SLPI levels≥51.61ng/mL (HR=2.95, 95% CI[1.55, 5.60], p<0.01), 24h urinary protein levels≥3500 mg/24h (HR=3.02, 95% CI[1.66, 5.52], p<0.01), Alb levels<30g/l (HR=2.19, 95% CI[1.12, 4.28], p<0.05), HGB levels<13g/dl (HR=3.18, 95% CI[1.49, 6.80], p<0.01), and urea levels≥7.1 mmol/L (HR=8.27, 95% CI[1.96, 34.93], p<0.01) were the independent risk factors for renal endpoint events in DKD patients. Conclusions Serum SLPI levels increased with DKD progression and were associated with clinical parameters of DKD. Moreover, elevated SLPI levels showed potential prognostic value for renal endpoint events in individuals with DKD. These findings validate the results of previous studies on SLPI in patients with DKD and provide new insights into the role of SLPI as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of DKD that require validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Sun
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hanwen Yang
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Proctology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiale Zhang
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuwu Wei
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoru Wu
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Can Cao
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoli Cui
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Huijuan Zheng
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yaoxian Wang
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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8
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Yan L, Li S, Hu Q, Liao D. Genetic correlations, shared risk genes and immunity landscapes between COVID-19 and venous thromboembolism: evidence from GWAS and bulk transcriptome data. Inflamm Res 2024:10.1007/s00011-024-01857-w. [PMID: 38433131 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01857-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were vulnerable to venous thromboembolism (VTE), which further increases the risk of unfavorable outcomes. However, neither genetic correlations nor shared genes underlying COVID-19 and VTE are well understood. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to characterize genetic correlations and common pathogenic mechanisms between COVID-19 and VTE. METHODS We used linkage disequilibrium score (LDSC) regression and Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the genetic associations and causal effects between COVID-19 and VTE, respectively. Then, the COVID-19 and VTE-related datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and analyzed by bioinformatics and systems biology approaches with R software, including weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), enrichment analysis, and single-cell transcriptome sequencing analysis. The miRNA-genes and transcription factor (TF)-genes interaction networks were conducted by NetworkAnalyst. We performed the secondary analysis of the ATAC-seq and Chip-seq datasets to address the epigenetic-regulating relationship of the shared genes. RESULTS This study demonstrated positive correlations between VTE and COVID-19 by LDSC and bidirectional MR analysis. A total of 26 potential shared genes were discovered from the COVID-19 dataset (GSE196822) and the VTE dataset (GSE19151), with 19 genes showing positive associations and 7 genes exhibiting negative associations with these diseases. After incorporating two additional datasets, GSE164805 (COVID-19) and GSE48000 (VTE), two hub genes TP53I3 and SLPI were identified and showed up-regulation and diagnostic capabilities in both illnesses. Furthermore, this study illustrated the landscapes of immune processes in COVID-19 and VTE, revealing the downregulation in effector memory CD8+ T cells and activated B cells. The single-cell sequencing analysis suggested that the hub genes were predominantly expressed in the monocytes of COVID-19 patients at high levels. Additionally, we identified common regulators of hub genes, including five miRNAs (miR-1-3p, miR-203a-3p, miR-210-3p, miR-603, and miR-124-3p) and one transcription factor (RELA). CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results highlighted the significant correlations between COVID-19 and VTE and pinpointed TP53I3 and SLPI as hub genes that potentially link the severity of both conditions. The hub genes and their common regulators might present an opportunity for the simultaneous treatment of these two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Langchao Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, Shanxi, China
| | - Shifu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Street, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Street, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Hu
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Di Liao
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Street, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Street, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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9
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Lotke R, Petersen M, Sauter D. Restriction of Viral Glycoprotein Maturation by Cellular Protease Inhibitors. Viruses 2024; 16:332. [PMID: 38543698 PMCID: PMC10975521 DOI: 10.3390/v16030332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The human genome is estimated to encode more than 500 proteases performing a wide range of important physiological functions. They digest proteins in our food, determine the activity of hormones, induce cell death and regulate blood clotting, for example. During viral infection, however, some proteases can switch sides and activate viral glycoproteins, allowing the entry of virions into new target cells and the spread of infection. To reduce unwanted effects, multiple protease inhibitors regulate the proteolytic processing of self and non-self proteins. This review summarizes our current knowledge of endogenous protease inhibitors, which are known to limit viral replication by interfering with the proteolytic activation of viral glycoproteins. We describe the underlying molecular mechanisms and highlight the diverse strategies by which protease inhibitors reduce virion infectivity. We also provide examples of how viruses evade the restriction imposed by protease inhibitors. Finally, we briefly outline how cellular protease inhibitors can be modified and exploited for therapeutic purposes. In summary, this review aims to summarize our current understanding of cellular protease inhibitors as components of our immune response to a variety of viral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel Sauter
- Institute for Medical Virology and Epidemiology of Viral Diseases, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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10
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Pérez-Jurado LA, Cáceres A, Balagué-Dobón L, Esko T, López de Heredia M, Quintela I, Cruz R, Lapunzina P, Carracedo Á, González JR. Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2. Commun Biol 2024; 7:202. [PMID: 38374351 PMCID: PMC10876565 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05805-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Pérez-Jurado
- Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
- Genetics Service, Hospital del Mar & Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Alejandro Cáceres
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Balagué-Dobón
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tonu Esko
- Estonian Genome Science Centre, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Miguel López de Heredia
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inés Quintela
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Genotipado (CEGEN), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Raquel Cruz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Genotipado (CEGEN), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM), Hospital Universitario La Paz-IDIPAZ, Madrid, Spain
- ERN-ITHACA-European Reference Network, Paris, France
| | - Ángel Carracedo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Genotipado (CEGEN), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Sistema Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Juan R González
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Mathematics, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
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11
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Rosen AL, Lint MA, Voelker DH, Gilbert NM, Tomera CP, Santiago-Borges J, Wallace MA, Hannan TJ, Burnham CAD, Hultgren SJ, Kau AL. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor protects against severe urinary tract infection in mice. mBio 2024; 15:e0255423. [PMID: 38270443 PMCID: PMC10865866 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02554-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Millions suffer from urinary tract infections (UTIs) worldwide every year with women accounting for the majority of cases. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) causes most of these primary infections and leads to 25% becoming recurrent or chronic. To repel invading pathogens, the urinary tract mounts a vigorous innate immune response that includes the secretion of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), rapid recruitment of phagocytes, and exfoliation of superficial umbrella cells. Here, we investigate secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), an AMP with antiprotease, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory functions, known to play protective roles at other mucosal sites, but not well characterized in UTIs. Using a preclinical model of UPEC-caused UTI, we show that urine SLPI increases in infected mice and that SLPI is localized to bladder epithelial cells. UPEC-infected SLPI-deficient (Slpi-/-) mice suffer from higher urine bacterial burdens, prolonged bladder inflammation, and elevated urine neutrophil elastase (NE) levels compared to wild-type (Slpi+/+) controls. Combined with bulk bladder RNA sequencing, our data indicate that Slpi-/- mice have a dysregulated immune and tissue repair response following UTI. We also measure SLPI in urine samples from a small group of female subjects 18-49 years old and find that SLPI tends to be higher in the presence of a uropathogen, except in patients with a history of recent or recurrent UTI, suggesting a dysregulation of SLPI expression in these women. Taken together, our findings show SLPI promotes clearance of UPEC in mice and provides preliminary evidence that SLPI is likewise regulated in response to uropathogen exposure in women.IMPORTANCEAnnually, millions of people suffer from urinary tract infections (UTIs) and more than $3 billion are spent on work absences and treatment of these patients. While the early response to UTI is known to be important in combating urinary pathogens, knowledge of host factors that help curb infection is still limited. Here, we use a preclinical model of UTI to study secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), an antimicrobial protein, to determine how it protects the bladder against infection. We find that SLPI is increased during UTI, accelerates the clearance of bacteriuria, and upregulates genes and pathways needed to fight an infection while preventing prolonged bladder inflammation. In a small clinical study, we show SLPI is readily detectable in human urine and is associated with the presence of a uropathogen in patients without a previous history of UTI, suggesting SLPI may play an important role in protecting from bacterial cystitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne L. Rosen
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael A. Lint
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Dayne H. Voelker
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nicole M. Gilbert
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Christopher P. Tomera
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jesús Santiago-Borges
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Meghan A. Wallace
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Thomas J. Hannan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Carey-Ann D. Burnham
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Scott J. Hultgren
- Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Andrew L. Kau
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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12
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Mongkolpathumrat P, Pikwong F, Phutiyothin C, Srisopar O, Chouyratchakarn W, Unnajak S, Nernpermpisooth N, Kumphune S. The secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) in pathophysiology of non-communicable diseases: Evidence from experimental studies to clinical applications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24550. [PMID: 38312697 PMCID: PMC10835312 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a worldwide health issue because of their prevalence, negative impacts on human welfare, and economic costs. Protease enzymes play important roles in viral and NCD diseases. Slowing disease progression by inhibiting proteases using small-molecule inhibitors or endogenous inhibitory peptides appears to be crucial. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), an inflammatory serine protease inhibitor, maintains protease/antiprotease balance. SLPI is produced by host defense effector cells during inflammation to prevent proteolytic enzyme-induced tissue damage. The etiology of noncommunicable illnesses is linked to SLPI's immunomodulatory and tissue regeneration roles. Disease phases are associated with SLPI levels and activity changes in regional tissue and circulation. SLPI has been extensively evaluated in inflammation, but rarely in NCDs. Unfortunately, the thorough evaluation of SLPI's pathophysiological functions in NCDs in multiple research models has not been published elsewhere. In this review, data from PubMed from 2014 to 2023 was collected, analysed, and categorized into in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. According to the review, serine protease inhibitor (SLPI) activity control is linked to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and other illnesses. Overexpression of the SLPI gene and protein may be a viable diagnostic and therapeutic target for non-communicable diseases (NCDs). SLPI is also cytoprotective, making it a unique treatment. These findings suggest that future research should focus on these pathways using advanced methods, reliable biomarkers, and therapy approaches to assess susceptibility and illness progression. Implications from this review will help pave the way for a new therapeutic target and diagnosis marker for non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Podsawee Mongkolpathumrat
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Technology Program, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine (CICM), Thammasat University (Rangsit Center), Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Faprathan Pikwong
- Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Chayanisa Phutiyothin
- Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Onnicha Srisopar
- Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Wannapat Chouyratchakarn
- Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Sasimanas Unnajak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
| | - Nitirut Nernpermpisooth
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000 Thailand
| | - Sarawut Kumphune
- Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
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13
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Leelasukseree R, Chouyratchakarn W, Phutiyothin C, Pikwong F, Srisopar O, Baipaywad P, Udomsom S, Mongkolpathumrat P, Supanchart C, Kumphune S. Recombinant human secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (rhSLPI) coated titanium enhanced human osteoblast adhesion and differentiation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:23013. [PMID: 38155270 PMCID: PMC10754898 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50565-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Osseointegration is vital to success in orthopedic and dental reconstructions with implanted materials. The bone matrix or cells-particularly osteoblasts-are required to achieve functional contact on the implant surface. Osteoblast induction is therefore essential for osteogenesis to occur. Enhancement of osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, particularly by implant surface modifications, have been found challenging to develop. Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor (SLPI), a cation ionic protein with anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial activities, showed activation in osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. However, the effects of coating recombinant human (rh) SLPI on a titanium alloy surface on human osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation has never been investigated. In this study, titanium alloys (Ti-6Al-4V) were coated with rhSLPI, while human osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, actin cytoskeletal organization, and gene expressions involved in cell adhesion and differentiation were investigated. The results indicate that coating titanium with 10-100 µg/ml rhSLPI enhanced the physical properties of the Ti surface and enhanced human osteoblast (hFOB 1.19) cell adhesion, activated actin dynamic, enhanced adhesive forces, upregulated integrins α1, α2, and α5, enhanced cell proliferation, mineralization, alkaline phosphatase activity, and upregulated ALP, OCN, and Runx2. This is the first study to demonstrate that coating SLPI on titanium surfaces enhances osseointegration and could be a candidate molecule for surface modification in medical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radchanon Leelasukseree
- Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Wannapat Chouyratchakarn
- Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Chayanisa Phutiyothin
- Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Faprathan Pikwong
- Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Onnicha Srisopar
- Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Phornsawat Baipaywad
- Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Suruk Udomsom
- Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Podsawee Mongkolpathumrat
- Cardio-Thoracic Technology Program, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine (CICM), Cooperative Learning Center, Thammasat University (Rangsit Center), Piyachart 2, 99 Moo 18 Klong Luang, Rangsit, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Chayarop Supanchart
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Sarawut Kumphune
- Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai District, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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14
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Aufy M, Hussein AM, Stojanovic T, Studenik CR, Kotob MH. Proteolytic Activation of the Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC): Its Mechanisms and Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17563. [PMID: 38139392 PMCID: PMC10743461 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) are integral to maintaining salt and water homeostasis in various biological tissues, including the kidney, lung, and colon. They enable the selective reabsorption of sodium ions, which is a process critical for controlling blood pressure, electrolyte balance, and overall fluid volume. ENaC activity is finely controlled through proteolytic activation, a process wherein specific enzymes, or proteases, cleave ENaC subunits, resulting in channel activation and increased sodium reabsorption. This regulatory mechanism plays a pivotal role in adapting sodium transport to different physiological conditions. In this review article, we provide an in-depth exploration of the role of proteolytic activation in regulating ENaC activity. We elucidate the involvement of various proteases, including furin-like convertases, cysteine, and serine proteases, and detail the precise cleavage sites and regulatory mechanisms underlying ENaC activation by these proteases. We also discuss the physiological implications of proteolytic ENaC activation, focusing on its involvement in blood pressure regulation, pulmonary function, and intestinal sodium absorption. Understanding the mechanisms and consequences of ENaC proteolytic activation provides valuable insights into the pathophysiology of various diseases, including hypertension, pulmonary disorders, and various gastrointestinal conditions. Moreover, we discuss the potential therapeutic avenues that emerge from understanding these mechanisms, offering new possibilities for managing diseases associated with ENaC dysfunction. In summary, this review provides a comprehensive discussion of the intricate interplay between proteases and ENaC, emphasizing the significance of proteolytic activation in maintaining sodium and fluid balance in both health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Aufy
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.M.H.); (M.H.K.)
| | - Ahmed M. Hussein
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.M.H.); (M.H.K.)
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Tamara Stojanovic
- Programme for Proteomics, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
| | - Christian R. Studenik
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.M.H.); (M.H.K.)
| | - Mohamed H. Kotob
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.M.H.); (M.H.K.)
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
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15
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Rosen AL, Lint MA, Voelker DH, Gilbert NM, Tomera CP, Santiago-Borges J, Wallace MA, Hannan TJ, Burnham CAD, Hultgren SJ, Kau AL. Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor Protects Against Severe Urinary Tract Infection in Mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.10.561753. [PMID: 37873489 PMCID: PMC10592744 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.10.561753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Millions suffer from urinary tract infections (UTIs) worldwide every year with women accounting for the majority of cases. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) causes most of these primary infections and leads to 25% becoming recurrent or chronic. To repel invading pathogens, the urinary tract mounts a vigorous innate immune response that includes the secretion of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), rapid recruitment of phagocytes and exfoliation of superficial umbrella cells. Here, we investigate secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), an AMP with antiprotease, antimicrobial and immunomodulatory functions, known to play protective roles at other mucosal sites, but not well characterized in UTIs. Using a mouse model of UPEC-caused UTI, we show that urine SLPI increases in infected mice and that SLPI is localized to bladder epithelial cells. UPEC infected SLPI-deficient (Slpi-/-) mice suffer from higher urine bacterial burdens, prolonged bladder inflammation, and elevated urine neutrophil elastase (NE) levels compared to wild-type (Slpi+/+) controls. Combined with bulk bladder RNA sequencing, our data indicate that Slpi-/- mice have a dysregulated immune and tissue repair response following UTI. We also measure SLPI in urine samples from a small group of female subjects 18-49 years old and find that SLPI tends to be higher in the presence of a uropathogen, except in patients with history of recent or recurrent UTI (rUTI), suggesting a dysregulation of SLPI expression in these women. Taken together, our findings show SLPI protects against acute UTI in mice and provides preliminary evidence that SLPI is likewise regulated in response to uropathogen exposure in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne L. Rosen
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Michael A. Lint
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Dayne H. Voelker
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Nicole M. Gilbert
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Christopher P. Tomera
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jesús Santiago-Borges
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Meghan A. Wallace
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Thomas J. Hannan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Carey-Ann D. Burnham
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Scott J. Hultgren
- Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Andrew L. Kau
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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16
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Kwiecinska P, Kwitniewski M, Kwiecien K, Morytko A, Majewski P, Pocalun N, Pastuszczak M, Migaczewski M, Cichy J, Grygier B. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor modulates FcεRI-dependent but not Mrgprb2-dependent mastocyte function in psoriasis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110631. [PMID: 37453153 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis, which involves mast cells, is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder whose pathophysiology is still not fully understood. We investigated the role of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), a potential inhibitor of mastocyte serine proteases, on mast cell-dependent processes of relevance to the skin barrier defense in psoriasis. Here, we demonstrate that the dermal mast cells of patients with psoriasis express SLPI but not those of healthy donors. Moreover, SLPI transcripts were found to be markedly upregulated in murine mast cells by mediators derived from psoriasis skin explant cultures. Using mast cells from SLPI-deficient mice and their SLPI+ wild-type controls, we show that SLPI inhibits the activity of serine protease chymase in mastocytes. SLPI was also found to enhance the degranulation of mast cells activated via anti-IgE Abs but not Mrgprb2 ligands. Finally, we demonstrate that the expression and function of Mrgprb2 in mast cells are suppressed by a normal and, to a larger extent, psoriatic skin environment. Together, these findings reveal mechanisms underlying FcεRI- and Mrgprb2-dependent mast cell function that have not been described previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Kwiecinska
- Dept. of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; present address; Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kwitniewski
- Dept. of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamila Kwiecien
- Dept. of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Morytko
- Dept. of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Pawel Majewski
- Dept. of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Natalia Pocalun
- Dept. of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Marcin Migaczewski
- 2nd Dept. of General Surgery, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Cichy
- Dept. of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Beata Grygier
- Dept. of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; present address; Dept. of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland.
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17
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Zhang X, Liu SS, Ma J, Qu W. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) in cancer pathophysiology: Mechanisms of action and clinical implications. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154633. [PMID: 37356220 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a multifaceted disorder frequently linked to the dysregulation of several biological processes. The SLPI is a multifunctional protein involved in the modulation of immunological response and the inhibition of protease activities. SLPI acts as an inhibitor of proteases, exerts antibacterial properties, and suppresses the transcription of proinflammatory genes through the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. The role of this protein as a regulatory agent has been implicated in various types of cancer. Recent research has revealed that SLPI upregulation in cancer cells enhances the metastatic capacity of epithelial malignancies, indicating the deleterious effects of this protein. Furthermore, SLPI interacts intricately with other cancer-promoting factors, including matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, the NF-κB and Akt pathways, and the p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA). This review provides an overview of the role of SLPI in cancer pathophysiology, emphasizing its expression in cancer cells and tissues, its potential as a prognostic biomarker, and its therapeutic promise as a target in cancer treatment. The mechanisms of SLPI action in cancer, including its anti-inflammatory effects, regulation of cell proliferation and angiogenesis, and modulation of the tumor microenvironment, have been investigated. The clinical implications of SLPI in cancer have been discussed, including its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, its role in chemoresistance, and its therapeutic potential in several types of cancer, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), colorectal cancer (CRC), pancreatic cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), ovarian cancer (OvCa), prostate cancer (PC), gastric cancer (GC), breast cancer, and other cancers. In addition, we emphasized the significance of SLPI in cancer, which offers fresh perspectives on potential targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Shan Shan Liu
- Department of General Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China.
| | - Jingru Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Wei Qu
- Department of General Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
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18
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Choi SR, Choi SJ. Afterbirth oral fluid secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor decreased in acute histologic chorioamnionitis in preterm birth. Am J Reprod Immunol 2023; 90:e13733. [PMID: 37382168 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) is an innate anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial peptide and produced in amnion of fetal membranes during pregnancy. However, studies on the association between SLPI levels in amniotic fluid and acute chorioamnionitis are limited. Afterbirth oral fluid (AOF) of the baby could be useful for representing the intra-amniotic environment precisely just before delivery. This study aimed to determine the relationship between SLPI levels in AOF and acute histologic chorioamnionitis (HC). METHODS AOF of the baby was obtained during delivery from 24(0/7) to 36(6/7) weeks of gestational age (preterm group, n = 94) and from 37(0/7) to 41(6/7) weeks of gestational age (term group, n = 27) just after birth. SLPI expression levels among five classifications were compared to the intensity of acute HC as follows: no inflammation, acute subchorionitis, acute chorionitis, acute chorioamnionitis, and funisits. The SLPI and matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) concentrations of AOF were determined using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Histologic examination of the placenta and membranes was performed after delivery. RESULTS SLPI concentrations in AOF inversely decreased according to the intensity of acute HC (161.62 ng/mL in funisitis, 134.83 ng/mL in acute chorioamnionitis, 749.35 ng/mL in acute chorionitis, 953.05 ng/mL in acute subchorionitis, and 1126.77 ng/mL in no inflammation [p = .021]). The MMP-8 concentrations in AOF and maternal serum C-reactive protein were the highest in funisitis. The SLPI/ MMP-8 ratio was low in subgroup with acute chorioamnionitis and funisitis. CONCLUSION Along with increased MMP-8 levels, decreased SLPI levels in AOF of the baby could be an additional factor in predicting acute HC immediately after birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Ran Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inha University College of Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Suk Jin Choi
- Department of Pathology, Inha University College of Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, South Korea
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19
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Zhu E, Shu X, Xu Z, Peng Y, Xiang Y, Liu Y, Guan H, Zhong M, Li J, Zhang LZ, Nie R, Zheng Z. Screening of immune-related secretory proteins linking chronic kidney disease with calcific aortic valve disease based on comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and machine learning. J Transl Med 2023; 21:359. [PMID: 37264340 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04171-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most significant cardiovascular risk factors, playing vital roles in various cardiovascular diseases such as calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). We aim to explore the CKD-associated genes potentially involving CAVD pathogenesis, and to discover candidate biomarkers for the diagnosis of CKD with CAVD. METHODS Three CAVD, one CKD-PBMC and one CKD-Kidney datasets of expression profiles were obtained from the GEO database. Firstly, to detect CAVD key genes and CKD-associated secretory proteins, differentially expressed analysis and WGCNA were carried out. Protein-protein interaction (PPI), functional enrichment and cMAP analyses were employed to reveal CKD-related pathogenic genes and underlying mechanisms in CKD-related CAVD as well as the potential drugs for CAVD treatment. Then, machine learning algorithms including LASSO regression and random forest were adopted for screening candidate biomarkers and constructing diagnostic nomogram for predicting CKD-related CAVD. Moreover, ROC curve, calibration curve and decision curve analyses were applied to evaluate the diagnostic performance of nomogram. Finally, the CIBERSORT algorithm was used to explore immune cell infiltration in CAVD. RESULTS The integrated CAVD dataset identified 124 CAVD key genes by intersecting differential expression and WGCNA analyses. Totally 983 CKD-associated secretory proteins were screened by differential expression analysis of CKD-PBMC/Kidney datasets. PPI analysis identified two key modules containing 76 nodes, regarded as CKD-related pathogenic genes in CAVD, which were mostly enriched in inflammatory and immune regulation by enrichment analysis. The cMAP analysis exposed metyrapone as a more potential drug for CAVD treatment. 17 genes were overlapped between CAVD key genes and CKD-associated secretory proteins, and two hub genes were chosen as candidate biomarkers for developing nomogram with ideal diagnostic performance through machine learning. Furthermore, SLPI/MMP9 expression patterns were confirmed in our external cohort and the nomogram could serve as novel diagnosis models for distinguishing CAVD. Finally, immune cell infiltration results uncovered immune dysregulation in CAVD, and SLPI/MMP9 were significantly associated with invasive immune cells. CONCLUSIONS We revealed the inflammatory-immune pathways underlying CKD-related CAVD, and developed SLPI/MMP9-based CAVD diagnostic nomogram, which offered novel insights into future serum-based diagnosis and therapeutic intervention of CKD with CAVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enyi Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaorong Shu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi Xu
- Department of Radiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guizhou, China
| | - Yanren Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunxiu Xiang
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Guan
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ming Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinhong Li
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li-Zhen Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ruqiong Nie
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhihua Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
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20
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Kukkar D, Chhillar M, Kim KH. Application of SERS-based nanobiosensors to metabolite biomarkers of CKD. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 232:115311. [PMID: 37086564 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
A clinical diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is commonly achieved by estimating the serum levels of urea and creatinine (CR). Given the limitations of the conventional diagnostic assays, it is imperative to seek alternative, economical strategies for the detection of CKD-specific biomarkers with high specificity and selectivity. In this respect, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) can be regarded as an ideal choice. SERS signals can be greatly amplified by noble metal nanoparticles (e.g., gold nanoparticles (GNPs)) of numerous sizes, shapes, and configurations to help achieve ultra-sensitive single molecule-level detection at 10-15 M (up to 10 orders of magnitude more sensitive than fluorescence-based detection). The irregular geometry of GNPs with spike-like tips, dimers, and aggregates with small nanogaps (i.e., due to plasmon coupling such as Raman hot spots) play a pivotal role in enhancing the specificity and sensitivity of SERS. This review critically outlines the performance of SERS-based biosensors in the ultrasensitive detection of CKD biomarkers in various body fluids in terms of basic quality assurance parameters (e.g., limit of detection, figure of merit, enhancement factor, and stability of the biosensor). Moreover, the challenges and perspectives are described with respect to the expansion of such sensing techniques in practical clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kukkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Monika Chhillar
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
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21
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Baindara P, Ganguli S, Chakraborty R, Mandal SM. Preventing Respiratory Viral Diseases with Antimicrobial Peptide Master Regulators in the Lung Airway Habitat. Clin Pract 2023; 13:125-147. [PMID: 36648852 PMCID: PMC9844411 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract13010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast surface area of the respiratory system acts as an initial site of contact for microbes and foreign particles. The whole respiratory epithelium is covered with a thin layer of the airway and alveolar secretions. Respiratory secretions contain host defense peptides (HDPs), such as defensins and cathelicidins, which are the best-studied antimicrobial components expressed in the respiratory tract. HDPs have an important role in the human body's initial line of defense against pathogenic microbes. Epithelial and immunological cells produce HDPs in the surface fluids of the lungs, which act as endogenous antibiotics in the respiratory tract. The production and action of these antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are critical in the host's defense against respiratory infections. In this study, we have described all the HDPs secreted in the respiratory tract as well as how their expression is regulated during respiratory disorders. We focused on the transcriptional expression and regulation mechanisms of respiratory tract HDPs. Understanding how HDPs are controlled throughout infections might provide an alternative to relying on the host's innate immunity to combat respiratory viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Baindara
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Sriradha Ganguli
- OMICS Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of North Bengal, P.O. NBU, Siliguri 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Ranadhir Chakraborty
- OMICS Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of North Bengal, P.O. NBU, Siliguri 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Santi M. Mandal
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
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22
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Sawicki KT, Nannini DR, Bielinski SJ, Larson NB, Lloyd-Jones DM, Psaty B, Taylor KD, Shah SJ, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Wilkins JT, McNally EM, Patel RB. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor and risk of heart failure in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:604. [PMID: 36635319 PMCID: PMC9837113 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27679-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating protease inhibitors are important regulators of inflammation that are implicated in the pathophysiology of heart failure (HF). Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) is a serine protease inhibitor which protects pulmonary tissues against inflammatory damage; however, its role in HF is not well understood. We sought to evaluate associations of circulating SLPI and genetically-mediated serum SLPI with incident HF and its subtypes in a multi-ethnic cohort of adults using clinical and genetic epidemiological approaches. Among 2,297 participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), each doubling of serum SLPI was independently associated with incident HF (HR 1.77; 95% CI 1.02-3.02; P = 0.04), particularly incident HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF; HR 2.44; 95% CI 1.23-4.84; P = 0.01) but not HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF; HR 0.95; 95% CI 0.36-2.46; P = 0.91). Previously reported circulating SLPI protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs) were not associated with serum SLPI levels or incident HF among MESA participants. In conclusion, baseline serum SLPI levels, but not genetically-determined serum SLPI, were significantly associated with incident HF and HFpEF over long-term follow-up in a multi-ethnic cohort. Serum circulating SLPI may be a correlate of inflammation that sheds insight on the pathobiology of HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Teodor Sawicki
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Drew R Nannini
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Suzette J Bielinski
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Nicholas B Larson
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Donald M Lloyd-Jones
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bruce Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Sanjiv J Shah
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Laura J Rasmussen-Torvik
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John T Wilkins
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth M McNally
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ravi B Patel
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N St Clair St, Suite 600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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23
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Wei Z, Liu G, Jia R, Zhang W, Li L, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Bai X. Inhibition of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) promotes the PUMA-mediated apoptosis and chemosensitivity to cisplatin in colorectal cancer cells. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:1. [PMID: 36595102 PMCID: PMC9810770 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00535-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant expression of Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor (SLPI) has been associated with human cancer growth and its suppression was identified as a potential target for anti-cancer drugs, particularly in colorectal cancer. However, the underlying mechanism by which SLPI affected the development of drug resistance in CRC remains unclear. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the role of SLPI in the p53-up-regulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA)-mediated CRC cells' apoptosis and their chemosensitivity to Cisplatin. METHODS A series of qRT-PCR and western blot analyses were performed to characterize the expressions of SLPI, PUMA, and Akt in CRC lines. Tunel, transwell, and CCK-8 analyses were monitored to define the impacts of the siRNA-mediated knockdown of SLPI on CRC cell development. Furthermore, in vivo development of CRC was evaluated in nude mice infected with siSLPI or Cisplatin alone or both, and Ki67 and caspase-3 immunohistochemistry assay was monitored on multiple tissue microarray from the same cohort. RESULTS Our results showed that SLPI inhibition strongly promoted the expressions of the pro-apoptotic protein PUMA, cleaved-caspase3 and Bax and reduced the cell viability of HT29 and HT116 cell lines in vitro. In addition, siSLPI knockdown effectively suppressed both Akt and FoxO3 proteins and improved the sensitivity to cisplatin chemotherapy. Xenograft tumor assay revealed a lowered growth in mice treated with Cisplatin, while combined treatment of siSLPI achieved more significant anticancer effects than Cisplatin alone. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these findings demonstrated that suppression of SLPI might repress the growth of human colorectal cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. These results suggested SLPI as a novel resistance factor to Cisplatin, and a combination of Cisplatin and SLPI inhibitor be beneficial for colorectal cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijiang Wei
- The First Department of Tumor Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guiying Liu
- The First Department of Tumor Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Rufu Jia
- The Brain Science Hospital of CangZhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The First Department of Tumor Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- The Brain Science Hospital of CangZhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- The First Department of Tumor Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijing Wang
- The Brain Science Hospital of CangZhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiyong Bai
- The First Department of Tumor Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, Hebei, People's Republic of China
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24
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Liu Q, Hao T, Li L, Huang D, Lin Z, Fang Y, Wang D, Zhang X. Construction of a mitochondrial dysfunction related signature of diagnosed model to obstructive sleep apnea. Front Genet 2022; 13. [PMID: 36468038 PMCID: PMC9714559 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1056691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The molecular mechanisms underlying obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and its comorbidities may involve mitochondrial dysfunction. However, very little is known about the relationships between mitochondrial dysfunction-related genes and OSA. Methods: Mitochondrial dysfunction-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between OSA and control adipose tissue samples were identified using data from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and information on mitochondrial dysfunction-related genes from the GeneCards database. A mitochondrial dysfunction-related signature of diagnostic model was established using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression and then verified. Additionally, consensus clustering algorithms were used to conduct an unsupervised cluster analysis. A protein-protein interaction network of the DEGs between the mitochondrial dysfunction-related clusters was constructed using STRING database and the hub genes were identified. Functional analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and gene set variation analysis (GSVA), were conducted to explore the mechanisms involved in mitochondrial dysfunction in OSA. Immune cell infiltration analyses were conducted using CIBERSORT and single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA). Results: we established mitochondrial dysfunction related four-gene signature of diagnostic model consisted of NPR3, PDIA3, SLPI, ERAP2, and which could easily distinguish between OSA patients and controls. In addition, based on mitochondrial dysfunction-related gene expression, we identified two clusters among all the samples and three clusters among the OSA samples. A total of 10 hub genes were selected from the PPI network of DEGs between the two mitochondrial dysfunction-related clusters. There were correlations between the 10 hub genes and the 4 diagnostic genes. Enrichment analyses suggested that autophagy, inflammation pathways, and immune pathways are crucial in mitochondrial dysfunction in OSA. Plasma cells and M0 and M1 macrophages were significantly different between the OSA and control samples, while several immune cell types, especially T cells (γ/δ T cells, natural killer T cells, regulatory T cells, and type 17 T helper cells), were significantly different among mitochondrial dysfunction-related clusters of OSA samples. Conclusion: A novel mitochondrial dysfunction-related four-gen signature of diagnostic model was built. The genes are potential biomarkers for OSA and may play important roles in the development of OSA complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tao Hao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong Province, China
| | - Daqi Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ze Lin
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yipeng Fang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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25
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Oleszycka E, Kwiecien K, Kwiecinska P, Morytko A, Pocalun N, Camacho M, Brzoza P, Zabel BA, Cichy J. Soluble mediators in the function of the epidermal-immune-neuro unit in the skin. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1003970. [PMID: 36330530 PMCID: PMC9623011 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1003970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin is the largest, environmentally exposed (barrier) organ, capable of integrating various signals into effective defensive responses. The functional significance of interactions among the epidermis and the immune and nervous systems in regulating and maintaining skin barrier function is only now becoming recognized in relation to skin pathophysiology. This review focuses on newly described pathways that involve soluble mediator-mediated crosstalk between these compartments. Dysregulation of these connections can lead to chronic inflammatory diseases and/or pathologic conditions associated with chronic pain or itch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Oleszycka
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamila Kwiecien
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kwiecinska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Morytko
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Natalia Pocalun
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Michelle Camacho
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Brzoza
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Brian A. Zabel
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Joanna Cichy
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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26
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Tang J, Suo L, Li F, Bian K, Yang C, Wang Y. Transcriptome profiling of lung immune responses potentially related to acute respiratory distress syndrome in forest musk deer. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:701. [PMID: 36221054 PMCID: PMC9552132 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08917-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Forest musk deer is an endangered species globally. The death of captive forest musk deer can be caused by certain respiratory system diseases. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a huge threat to the life of forest muck deer that breed in our department. Methods Lung histopathologic analysis was conducted by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The lung gene changes triggered by ARDS were examined by RNA sequencing and related bioinformatics analysis in forest musk deer. The potential functions of unigenes were investigated by NR, SwissProt KOG, GO, and KEGG annotation analyses. Vital biological processes or pathways in ARDS were examined by GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. Results A total of 3265 unigenes were differentially expressed (|log2fold-change|> 2 and adjusted P value < 0.01) in lung tissues of 3 forest musk deer with ARDS compared with normal lung tissues of the non-ARDS group. These differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) played crucial roles in immunity and defense responses to pathogens. Moreover, we identified the DEGs related to one or more of the following biological processes: lung development, immunity, and bacterial/viral/fungal infection. And six DEGs that might be involved in lung injury caused by immune dysregulation or viral/fungal infection were identified. Conclusion ARDS-mediated lung gene alterations were identified in forest musk deer. Moreover, multiple genes involved in lung development and lung defense responses to bacteria/viruses/fungi in ARDS were filtered out in forest musk deer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08917-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lijuan Suo
- Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feiran Li
- Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kun Bian
- Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi'an710032, Shaanxi, China.,Shaanxi Provincial Field Observation & Research Station for Golden Monkey, Giant Panda and Biodiversity, Xi'an 723400, Shaanxi, China
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27
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Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Lcr35 Stimulates Epithelial Vaginal Defenses upon Gardnerella vaginalis Infection. Infect Immun 2022; 90:e0030922. [PMID: 36000874 PMCID: PMC9476927 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00309-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiome as a result of overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria, such as Gardnerella vaginalis, and low levels of "healthy" lactobacilli leads to bacterial vaginosis (BV), usually associated with a low-grade inflammatory process. Despite appropriate antibiotic treatment, G. vaginalis-associated BV is characterized by significant recurrence. The use of probiotics could be an interesting alternative therapy due to their ability to rebalance vaginal microbiota. In this study, we investigated the effects of a well-characterized probiotic strain, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Lcr35, on epithelial vaginal and dendritic cell (DC) immune responses after G. vaginalis infection. In an in vitro coculture model with human monocyte-derived dendritic cells and a vaginal epithelial cell (VEC) monolayer, the Lcr35 strain induced DC activation, as evidenced by the induction of maturation and synthesis of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and CCL-20 chemokines upon apical challenge of the VECs by G. vaginalis. Analysis of the vaginal epithelial response showed that the presence of Lcr35 significantly increased the production of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-8 and IL-1β and human β-defensin 2 (HBD-2), whereas the concentration of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) was decreased in G. vaginalis-infected vaginal epithelial cells. Treatment with recombinant SLPI was associated with upregulation of Lcr35-stimulated IL-8 and HBD-2 production. These results suggest that inhibition of SLPI by Lcr35 in vaginal epithelial cells contributes to the host defense response against G. vaginalis infection.
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28
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Mongkolpathumrat P, Nernpermpisooth N, Kijtawornrat A, Pikwong F, Chouyratchakarn W, Yodsheewan R, Unajak S, Kumphune S. Adeno-associated virus 9 vector-mediated cardiac-selective expression of human secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:976083. [PMID: 36061560 PMCID: PMC9437585 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.976083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Protease enzymes contribute to the initiation of cardiac remodeling and heart failure after myocardial ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Protease inhibitors attenuate protease activity and limit left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling. Previous studies showed the cardioprotective effect of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) against I/R injury. However, overexpression of SLPI gene in cardiovascular diseases has only been investigated in an in vitro experiment. Here, cardiac-selective expression of the human secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (hSLPI) gene and its effect on I/R injury were investigated. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype 9 carrying hSLPI under the control of cardiac-selective expression promoter (cardiac troponin, cTn) was intravenously administered to Sprague–Dawley rats for 4 weeks prior to coronary artery ligation. The results showed that myocardial-selective expression of hSLPI significantly reduced infarct size, cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), and myoglobin levels that all served to improve cardiac function. Moreover, overexpression of hSLPI showed a reduction in inflammatory cytokines, oxidatively modified protein carbonyl (PC) content, ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), and necrosis and cardiac tissue degeneration. In conclusion, this is the first study to demonstrate cardiac-selective gene delivery of hSLPI providing cardioprotection against myocardial I/R injury in an in vivo model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nitirut Nernpermpisooth
- Integrative Biomedical Research Unit (IBRU), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Anusak Kijtawornrat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Faprathan Pikwong
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Rungrueang Yodsheewan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sasimanas Unajak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sarawut Kumphune
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Integrative Biomedical Research Unit (IBRU), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Sarawut Kumphune
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29
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Munadziroh E, Putri GA, Ristiana V, Agustantina TH, Nirwana I, Razak FA, Surboyo MDC. The Role of Recombinant Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor to CD163, FGF-2, IL-1 and IL-6 Expression in Skin Wound Healing. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:903-910. [PMID: 35611048 PMCID: PMC9124476 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s358897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background The wound healing process can be optimized through the addition of a biomaterial such as recombinant secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (rSLPI). The SLPI is a non-glycosylated proteomic material that inhibits protease enzymes and has anti-inflammatory properties, thus accelerating wound healing. This study analyzed the administration of rSLPI doses 0.04 cc and 0.06 cc in skin wound healing on the CD163 expression of macrophages and cytokines such as interleukin 1 (IL-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2). Materials and Methods rSLPI produced from Escherichia coli TOP10 as the cloning host, BL21 (DE3) strains as the expression host and pET30a plasmids were used for the expression system construction. The wound was created on Wistar rat dorsal skin, then rSLPI 0.04 cc and 0.06 cc was administered. In the next four days, the back skin was biopsied and stained by immunohistochemistry to analyze the CD163, FGF-2, IL-1 and IL-6 expression. Results The administration of rSLPI increased CD163 and FGF-2 expression dependent on dose (p<0.05). On the other hand, administration of rSLPI decreased IL-1 and IL-6 expression depending on dose (p <0.05). Conclusion The administration of rSLPI is able to accelerate the wound healing process by increasing the CD163 and FGF-2 expression. The cytokines such as IL-1 and IL-6 decreased depending on rSLPI doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elly Munadziroh
- Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia
| | - Giovani Anggasta Putri
- Bachelor of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia
| | - Vera Ristiana
- Bachelor of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia
| | - Titien Hary Agustantina
- Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia
| | - Intan Nirwana
- Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia
| | - Fathilah Abdul Razak
- Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia.,Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
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30
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Zheng X, Guo J, Cao C, Qin T, Zhao Y, Song X, Lv M, Hu L, Zhang L, Zhou D, Fang T, Yang W. Time-Course Transcriptome Analysis of Lungs From Mice Infected With Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae via Aerosolized Intratracheal Inoculation. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:833080. [PMID: 35573776 PMCID: PMC9097095 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.833080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) can cause life-threatening community-acquired infections among healthy young individuals and is thus of concern for global dissemination. In this study, a mouse model of acute primary hvKp pneumonia was established via aerosolized intratracheal (i.t.) inoculation, laying the foundation for conducting extensive studies related to hvKp. Subsequently, a time-course transcriptional profile was created of the lungs from the mouse model at 0, 12, 24, 48 and 60 hours post-infection (hpi) using RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq). RNA-Seq data were analyzed with the use of Mfuzz time clustering, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and Immune Cell Abundance Identifier for mouse (ImmuCellAI-mouse). A gradual change in the transcriptional profile of the lungs was observed that reflected expected disease progression. At 12 hpi, genes related to acute phase inflammatory response increased in expression and lipid metabolism appeared to have a pro-inflammatory effect. At 24 hpi, exacerbation of inflammation was observed and active IFN-γ suggested that signaling promoted activation and recruitment of macrophages occurred. Genes related to maintaining the structural integrity of lung tissues showed a sustained decrease in expression after infection and the decrease was especially marked at 48 hpi. TNF, IL-17, MAPK and NF-kB signaling pathways may play key roles in the immunopathogenesis mechanism at all stages of infection. Natural killer (NK) cells consistently decreased in abundance after infection, which has rarely been reported in hvKp infection and could provide a new target for treatment. Genes Saa1 and Slpi were significantly upregulated during infection. Both Saa1, which is associated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that elicits host inflammatory response, and Slpi, which encodes an antimicrobial protein, have not previously been reported in hvKp infections and could be important targets for subsequent studies. To t our knowledge, this paper represents the first study to investigate the pulmonary transcriptional response to hvKp infection. The results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of hvKp pulmonary infection that can contribute to the development of therapies to reduce hvKp pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Zheng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Jianshu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoyue Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Tongtong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
- Laboratory Animal Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lingfei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Tongyu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Tongyu Fang, ; Wenhui Yang,
| | - Wenhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Tongyu Fang, ; Wenhui Yang,
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31
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Mongkolpathumrat P, Kijtawornrat A, Suwan E, Unajak S, Panya A, Pusadee T, Kumphune S. Anti-Protease Activity Deficient Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor (SLPI) Exerts Cardioprotective Effect against Myocardial Ischaemia/Reperfusion. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10050988. [PMID: 35625725 PMCID: PMC9138276 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10050988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of proteases shows therapeutic potential. Our previous studies demonstrated the cardioprotection by the Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor (SLPI) against myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, it is unclear whether the cardioprotective effect of SLPI seen in our previous works is due to the inhibition of protease enzymes. Several studies demonstrate that the anti-protease independent activity of SLPI could provide therapeutic benefits. Here, we show for the first time that recombinant protein of anti-protease deficient mutant SLPI (L72K, M73G, L74G) (mt-SLPI) could significantly reduce cell death and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production against an in vitro simulated I/R injury. Furthermore, post-ischaemic treatment of mt-SLPI is found to significantly reduce infarct size and cardiac biomarkers lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) activity, improve cardiac functions, attenuate I/R induced-p38 MAPK phosphorylation, and reduce apoptotic regulatory protein levels, including Bax, cleaved-Caspase-3 and total Capase-8, in rats subjected to an in vivo I/R injury. Additionally, the beneficial effect of mt-SLPI was not significantly different from the wildtype (wt-SLPI). In summary, SLPI could provide cardioprotection without anti-protease activity, which could be more clinically beneficial in terms of providing cardioprotection without interfering with basal serine protease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Podsawee Mongkolpathumrat
- Graduate Programs in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand;
- Integrative Biomedical Research Unit (IBRU), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Anusak Kijtawornrat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Eukote Suwan
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Technology, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Sasimanas Unajak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Aussara Panya
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Tonapha Pusadee
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Sarawut Kumphune
- Integrative Biomedical Research Unit (IBRU), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute (BMEI), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-624-693-987
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Sun J, Li J, Wu Z, Liang Y, Duan R, Zheng M, Wang J, Kong D. SLPI suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression via endoplasmic reticulum stress induced apoptosis. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:140-153. [PMID: 34975323 PMCID: PMC8692157 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.65676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) has been reported to function as a regulatory factor in several cancers. However, its biological functions and underlying mechanisms in HCC remain to be uncovered. Here, we aimed to explore the effect of SLPI in HCC. In our study, we found that the mRNA and protein expression levels of SLPI were significantly down-regulated in HCC tissues and hepatoma cell lines and low level of SLPI predicted worse survival in our HCC cohorts. In term of function, silencing of SLPI markedly promoted whereas overexpression SLPI suppressed proliferation, migration and invasion capabilities of HCC cells in vitro, and ectopic expression of SLPI inhibited the tumorigenicity of HCC cells in vivo. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that SLPI played a protective role in HCC progression via activating endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress)-mediated apoptosis of hepatoma cells, which could be regulated by MAPK signaling pathways. In summary, our findings highlight that SLPI could serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and putative tumor suppressor by enhancing ER stress-induced apoptosis in HCC cells mediated by MAPK signaling pathways, which provides new insights into promising therapeutic targets for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sun
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of medicine, Jiefang Road 88, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jinfan Li
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of medicine, Jiefang Road 88, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Department of Hygiene Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yuwan Liang
- Department of Hygiene Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road 81, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
| | - Rong Duan
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of medicine, Jiefang Road 88, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mengsha Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of medicine, Jiefang Road 88, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of medicine, Jiefang Road 88, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Derun Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Jixi Road 218, Hefei, 230032, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Huangshan Road 99, Fuyang, 236000, China
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33
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Quabius E, Heinrichs A, Kühnel A, Laudien M, Hoppe F, Mlynski R, Ambrosch P, Hoffmann M. Tonsillar swabs and sputum predict SLPI‑ and AnxA2 expression in tonsils: A prospective study on smoking dependent SLPI‑ and AnxA2‑expression, and tonsillar HPV infection. Oncol Lett 2022; 23:164. [DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elgar Quabius
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Clinic Schleswig‑Holstein, D‑24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Alessa Heinrichs
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery ‘Otto Koerner’, University of Rostock, D‑18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - André Kühnel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Asklepios Hospital Harburg, D‑21075 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Laudien
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Clinic Schleswig‑Holstein, D‑24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Florian Hoppe
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Klinikum Oldenburg, D‑26133 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Robert Mlynski
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery ‘Otto Koerner’, University of Rostock, D‑18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Petra Ambrosch
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Clinic Schleswig‑Holstein, D‑24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Markus Hoffmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Clinic Schleswig‑Holstein, D‑24105 Kiel, Germany
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Fischer NG, Kobe AC, Dai J, He J, Wang H, Pizarek JA, De Jong DA, Ye Z, Huang S, Aparicio C. Tapping basement membrane motifs: Oral junctional epithelium for surface-mediated soft tissue attachment to prevent failure of percutaneous devices. Acta Biomater 2022; 141:70-88. [PMID: 34971784 PMCID: PMC8898307 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Teeth, long-lasting percutaneous organs, feature soft tissue attachment through adhesive structures, hemidesmosomes, in the junctional epithelium basement membrane adjacent to teeth. This soft tissue attachment prevents bacterial infection of the tooth despite the rich - and harsh - microbial composition of the oral cavity. Conversely, millions of percutaneous devices (catheters, dental, and orthopedic implants) fail from infection yearly. Standard of care antibiotic usage fuels antimicrobial resistance and is frequently ineffective. Infection prevention strategies, like for dental implants, have failed in generating durable soft tissue adhesion - like that seen with the tooth - to prevent bacterial colonization at the tissue-device interface. Here, inspired by the impervious natural attachment of the junctional epithelium to teeth, we synthesized four cell adhesion peptide (CAPs) nanocoatings, derived from basement membranes, to promote percutaneous device soft tissue attachment. The two leading nanocoatings upregulated integrin-mediated hemidesmosomes, selectively increased keratinocyte proliferation compared to fibroblasts, which cannot form hemidesmosomes, and expression of junctional epithelium adhesive markers. CAP nanocoatings displayed marked durability under simulated clinical conditions and the top performer CAP nanocoating was validated in a percutaneous implant murine model. Basement membrane CAP nanocoatings, inspired by the tooth and junctional epithelium, may provide an alternative anti-infective strategy for percutaneous devices to mitigate the worldwide threat of antimicrobial resistance. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Prevention and management of medical device infection is a significant healthcare challenge. Overzealous antibiotic use has motivated alternative material innovations to prevent infection. Here, we report implant cell adhesion peptide nanocoatings that mimic a long-lasting, natural "medical device," the tooth, through formation of cell adhesive structures called hemidesmosomes. Such nanocoatings sidestep the use of antimicrobial or antibiotic elements to form a soft-tissue seal around implants. The top performing nanocoatings prompted expression of hemidesmosomes and defensive factors to mimic the tooth and was validated in an animal model. Application of cell adhesion peptide nanocoatings may provide an alternative to preventing, rather that necessarily treating, medical device infection across a range of device indications, like dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G Fischer
- MDRCBB-Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Alexandra C Kobe
- MDRCBB-Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Jinhong Dai
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, Wenzhou Medical University, 373 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Jiahe He
- MDRCBB-Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Hongning Wang
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, Wenzhou Medical University, 373 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - John A Pizarek
- MDRCBB-Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States; United States Navy Dental Corps, Naval Medical Leader and Professional Development Command, 8955 Wood Road Bethesda, MD 20889, United States
| | - David A De Jong
- MDRCBB-Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Zhou Ye
- MDRCBB-Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Shengbin Huang
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, Wenzhou Medical University, 373 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Conrado Aparicio
- MDRCBB-Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States.
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Kwiecinska P, Grygier B, Morytko A, Sanecka‐Duin A, Majchrzak‐Gorecka M, Kwitniewski M, Kapinska‐Mrowiecka M, Porebski G, Cichy J. Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor regulates nerve reflex‐mediated skin barrier function in psoriasis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:1266-1274. [PMID: 35279880 PMCID: PMC9546283 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), a ~12 kDa protein is an important regulator of innate and adaptive immunity and a component of tissue regenerative programmes. SLPI expression is markedly elevated in chronically inflamed skin, including that of individuals suffering from psoriasis. However, the role of SLPI in these diseases remains elusive. Objectives The poor understanding of the early stages of the development of psoriasis is a major obstacle to successful intervention in the skin pathology. We hypothesized that SLPI and peripheral nerves that might be activated early in the progression of the disease likely form a functional relationship to maintain skin barrier homeostasis and respond to a variety of threats. Methods We used skin biopsies of healthy donors and individuals with psoriasis to show expression pattern of SLPI. A role of SLPI in psoriasis was mechanistically assessed using SLPI‐deficient mice and an imiquimod (IMQ)‐induced experimental model of psoriasis. Results We show that mice lacking SLPI had exaggerated skin alterations that extended beyond the treatment site in an imiquimod‐induced psoriasis. The spatiotemporally distinct skin responses in SLPI‐deficient mice, compared to their wild‐type littermates, resulted from a compromised skin barrier function that manifested itself in heightened transepidermal water loss through the larger skin area surrounding the IMQ‐challenged skin. The increased pathogenic skin changes in the absence of SLPI were reversible through pharmacological treatment that blocks a nerve‐reflex arc. Conclusions Together, these data indicate that SLPI plays a protective role in psoriasis through preventing skin dryness, inherent in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and that this SLPI action depends on neuronal input operating in a reflex manner. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism that maintains cutaneous homeostasis, which involves a crosstalk between the nervous system and a protein anatomically poised to fortify the epidermal permeability barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Kwiecinska
- Department of Immunology Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland
| | - B. Grygier
- Department of Immunology Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland
| | - A. Morytko
- Department of Immunology Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland
| | - A. Sanecka‐Duin
- Department of Immunology Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland
- Ardigen Krakow Poland
| | - M. Majchrzak‐Gorecka
- Department of Immunology Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland
- Ardigen Krakow Poland
| | - M. Kwitniewski
- Department of Immunology Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland
| | | | - G. Porebski
- Department of Clinical and Environmental Allergology Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow Poland
| | - J. Cichy
- Department of Immunology Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland
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Osiecka O, Skrzeczynska-Moncznik J, Morytko A, Mazur A, Majewski P, Bilska B, Kapinska-Mrowiecka M, Kosalka-Wegiel J, Pastuszczak M, Pyza E, Cichy J. Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor Is Present in Circulating and Tissue-Recruited Human Eosinophils and Regulates Their Migratory Function. Front Immunol 2022; 12:737231. [PMID: 35095834 PMCID: PMC8789888 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.737231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) are both associated with Th2 immune responses and allergic diseases, but whether the fact that they are both implicated in these conditions is pathophysiologically related remains unknown. Here we demonstrate that human eosinophils derived from normal individuals are one of the major sources of SLPI among circulating leukocytes. SLPI was found to be stored in the crystalline core of eosinophil granules, and its dislocation/rearrangement in the crystalline core likely resulted in changes in immunostaining for SLPI in these cells. High levels of SLPI were also detected in blood eosinophils from patients with allergy-associated diseases marked by eosinophilia. These include individuals with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) and atopic dermatitis (AD), who were also found to have elevated SLPI levels in their plasma. In addition to the circulating eosinophils, diseased skin of AD patients also contained SLPI-positive eosinophils. Exogenous, recombinant SLPI increased numbers of migratory eosinophils and supported their chemotactic response to CCL11, one of the key chemokines that regulate eosinophil migratory cues. Together, these findings suggest a role for SLPI in controlling Th2 pathophysiologic processes via its impact on and/or from eosinophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oktawia Osiecka
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Skrzeczynska-Moncznik
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Morytko
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Angelika Mazur
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Pawel Majewski
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bernadetta Bilska
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Joanna Kosalka-Wegiel
- II Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Pastuszczak
- Department of Dermatology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Pyza
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Cichy
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Chen Z, Yuan K, Yan R, Yang H, Wang X, Wang Y, Wei S, Huang W, Sun W. The role of endothelial biomarkers in predicting damp-heat syndrome in diabetic kidney disease. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Guerrieri D, Ambrosi NG, Romeo H, Salaberry J, Toniolo MF, Remolins C, Incardona C, Casadei D, Chuluyan E. Secretory Leukocyte Proteinase Inhibitor Protects Acute Kidney Injury Through Immune and Non-Immune Pathways. Shock 2021; 56:1019-1027. [PMID: 33882512 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by rapid loss of excretory function and is the clinical manifestation of several disorders affecting the kidney. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of action of Secretory Leukocyte Proteinase Inhibitor (SLPI) that protects the kidneys form AKI. In vivo and in vitro experiments were performed to assess the effect of SLPI on kidney injury. Animal models of kidney injury was generated by 40 min obstruction of kidney artery and vein (ischemia-reperfusion injury model) or daily administration of 60 mg/kg/day of gentamicine for 5 day (gentamicin-associated AKI model). For in vitro assessment, human renal epithelium HK-2 cells were cultured under serum starvation conditions or with tacrolimus. The administration of SLPI (250 μg/kg, i.p.) reduced elevated plasma creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels, tissue myeloperoxidase content, and acute tubular necrosis induced by kidney damage. Furthermore, SLPI treatment reduced CD86, CD68, CD14, CCL2, TNFα, and IL-10 transcripts in kidney biopsies. To further analyze a direct effect of SLPI on renal epithelial cells, HK-2 cells from human renal epithelium were cultured under serum starvation conditions or with tacrolimus. Both conditions induced apoptosis of HK-2 cells which was reduced when SLPI was present in the culture medium. Furthermore, SLPI favored the proliferation and migration of HK-2 cells. An analysis of the gene profiles of HK-2 cells treated with calcineurin inhibitors affected inflammatory and non-inflammatory pathways that were reversed by SLPI. Among them, SLPI down modulated the expression of CCL2, SLC5A3, and BECN1 but up-regulated the expression of TLR4, ATF4, ATF6, HSP90B, BBC3 SLC2A1, and TNFRSF10B. Overall, these results suggest that SLPI, in addition to its activity on immune cells, may directly target tubular epithelial cells of the kidney to mediate the nephroprotective activity in AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Guerrieri
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de lnvestigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO). Facultad de Medicina. Buenos Aires, Argentina (University of Buenos Aires, National Research Council Scientific and Technical. Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFYBO), School of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina)
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Buenos Aires, Argentina (University of Buenos Aires, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Parasitology and Immunology, Buenos Aires, Argentina)
| | - Nella Gabriela Ambrosi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de lnvestigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO). Facultad de Medicina. Buenos Aires, Argentina (University of Buenos Aires, National Research Council Scientific and Technical. Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFYBO), School of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina)
| | - Horacio Romeo
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agrarias, BIOMED UCA-CONICET, Argentina (Faculty of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences, BIOMED UCA-CONICET, Pontifical Catholic University Argentina, Argentina)
| | - Juan Salaberry
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de lnvestigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO). Facultad de Medicina. Buenos Aires, Argentina (University of Buenos Aires, National Research Council Scientific and Technical. Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFYBO), School of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina)
| | - María Fernanda Toniolo
- Instituto de Trasplante y Alta Complejidad (ITAC), Nefrología de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina (Institute of Transplantation and High Complexity (ITAC), Nephrology of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina)
| | - Carla Remolins
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de lnvestigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO). Facultad de Medicina. Buenos Aires, Argentina (University of Buenos Aires, National Research Council Scientific and Technical. Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFYBO), School of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina)
| | - Claudio Incardona
- Fundación GADOR, Buenos Aires, Argentina (GADOR Foundation, Buenos Aires, Argentina)
| | - Domingo Casadei
- Instituto de Trasplante y Alta Complejidad (ITAC), Nefrología de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina (Institute of Transplantation and High Complexity (ITAC), Nephrology of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina)
| | - Eduardo Chuluyan
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de lnvestigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO). Facultad de Medicina. Buenos Aires, Argentina (University of Buenos Aires, National Research Council Scientific and Technical. Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies (CEFYBO), School of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina)
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Buenos Aires, Argentina (University of Buenos Aires, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Parasitology and Immunology, Buenos Aires, Argentina)
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Gormley M, Oliverio O, Kapidzic M, Ona K, Hall S, Fisher SJ. RNA profiling of laser microdissected human trophoblast subtypes at mid-gestation reveals a role for cannabinoid signaling in invasion. Development 2021; 148:272518. [PMID: 34557907 PMCID: PMC8572005 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human placental architecture is complex. Its surface epithelium, specialized for transport, forms by fusion of cytotrophoblast progenitors into multinucleated syncytiotrophoblasts. Near the uterine surface, these progenitors assume a different fate, becoming cancer-like cells that invade its lining and blood vessels. The latter process physically connects the placenta to the mother and shunts uterine blood to the syncytiotrophoblasts. Isolation of trophoblast subtypes is technically challenging. Upon removal, syncytiotrophoblasts disintegrate and invasive cytotrophoblasts are admixed with uterine cells. We used laser capture to circumvent these obstacles. This enabled isolation of syncytiotrophoblasts and two subpopulations of invasive cytotrophoblasts from cell columns and the endovascular compartment of spiral arteries. Transcriptional profiling revealed numerous genes, the placental or trophoblast expression of which was not known, including neurotensin and C4ORF36. Using mass spectrometry, discovery of differentially expressed mRNAs was extended to the protein level. We also found that invasive cytotrophoblasts expressed cannabinoid receptor 1. Unexpectedly, screening agonists and antagonists showed that signals from this receptor promote invasion. Together, these results revealed previously unseen gene expression patterns that translate to the protein level. Our data also suggested that endogenous and exogenous cannabinoids can affect human placental development. Summary: Transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of laser captured human trophoblasts showed that placental cells lining uterine arteries express cannabinoid receptor 1. Functional analyses suggest that endogenous/exogenous cannabinoids could affect placentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Gormley
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Oliver Oliverio
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Mirhan Kapidzic
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Katherine Ona
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Steven Hall
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Susan J Fisher
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Center for Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Sriwattanapong K, Sa-Ard-Iam N, Boonprakong L, Subbalekha K, Trachoo V, Suratannon N, Porntaveetus T, Shotelersuk V. Reduced ELANE and SLPI expression compromises dental pulp cell activity. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13132. [PMID: 34580954 PMCID: PMC8560611 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with ELANE variants and severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) commonly develop oral complications. Whether they are caused only by low neutrophil count or the combination of neutropenia and aberrant dental cells is unknown. Methods Genetic variant was identified with exome sequencing. Dental pulp cells isolated from the SCN patient with an ELANE mutation were investigated for gene expression, enzyme activity, proliferation, colony formation, wound healing, apoptosis, ROS, attachment, spreading and response to lipopolysaccharide. Results ELANE cells had diminished expression of ELANE and SLPI and reduced neutrophil elastase activity. Moreover, ELANE cells exhibited impaired proliferation, colony forming, migration, attachment and spreading; and significantly increased ROS formation and apoptosis, corresponding with increased Cyclin D1 and MMP2 levels. The intrinsic levels of TGF‐β1 and TNF‐α were significantly increased; however, IL‐6, IL‐8 and NF‐kB1 were significantly decreased in ELANE cells compared with those in controls. After exposure to lipopolysaccharide, ELANE cells grew larger, progressed to more advanced cell spreading stages and showed significantly increased SLPI, TNF‐α and NF‐kB1 and tremendously increased IL‐6 and IL‐8 expression, compared with controls. Conclusion This study, for the first time, suggests that in addition to neutropenia, the aberrant levels and functions of ELANE, SLPI and their downstream molecules in pulp cells play an important role in oral complications in SCN patients. In addition, pulp cells with diminished neutrophil elastase and SLPI are highly responsive to inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokwan Sriwattanapong
- Genomics and Precision Dentistry Research Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Noppadol Sa-Ard-Iam
- Center of Excellence in Periodontal Disease and Dental Implant, Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Lawan Boonprakong
- Oral Biology Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Keskanya Subbalekha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vorapat Trachoo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Narissara Suratannon
- Pediatric Allergy & Clinical Immunology Research Unit, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thantrira Porntaveetus
- Genomics and Precision Dentistry Research Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vorasuk Shotelersuk
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Medical Genomics Cluster, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
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Liu X, Li S, Wang L, Zhang W, Wang Y, Gui L, Zan L, Zhao C. The Effect of FATP1 on Adipocyte Differentiation in Qinchuan Beef Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11102789. [PMID: 34679811 PMCID: PMC8532991 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Previous research found that FATP1 plays an important role in the regulation of fatty acid metabolism and lipid accumulation in pig and chicken, but its function has not been explored in bovine adipocyte yet. In this study, we investigated the effect of FATP1 expression on preadipocyte differentiation in Qinchuan cattle using overexpression and interference assays. Our results reveal that FATP1 overexpression promoted preadipocyte differentiation, lipid droplet formation, and the expression of LPL and PPARγ, while FATP1 interference had the opposite effects on adipocyte differentiation and fat deposition. Following FATP1 overexpression and FATP1 interference in adipocytes, RNA-seq analysis identified that SLPI, STC1, SEMA6A, TNFRSF19, SLN, PTGS2, ADCYP1, FADS2, and SCD genes were differentially expressed. Pathway analysis revealed that the PPAR signaling pathway, AMPK signal pathway, and Insulin signaling pathway were enriched with differentially expressed genes. We propose that the FATP1 gene may affect the beef quality by involving adipocyte differentiation and lipid deposition, and may shed new light on the formation mechanisms of adipose tissues. Abstract FATP1 plays an important role in the regulation of fatty acid metabolism and lipid accumulation. In this study, we investigated the patterns of FATP1 expression in various tissues obtained from calf and adult Qinchuan cattle, and in differentiating adipocytes. Next, we investigated the effect of FATP1 expression on preadipocyte differentiation in Qinchuan cattle using overexpression and interference assays. We also identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways associated with FATP1 overexpression/interference. Our results reveal that FATP1 was broadly expressed in heart, kidney, muscle, small intestine, large intestine, and perirenal fat tissues. While FATP1 overexpression promoted preadipocyte differentiation, fat deposition, and the expression of several genes involved in fat metabolism, FATP1 interference had the opposite effects on adipocyte differentiation. Following FATP1 overexpression and FATP1 interference in adipocytes, RNA-seq analysis was performed to identify DEGs related to fat metabolism. The DEGs identified include SLPI, STC1, SEMA6A, TNFRSF19, SLN, PTGS2, ADCYP1, FADS2, and SCD. Pathway analysis revealed that the DEGs were enriched in the PPAR signaling pathway, AMPK signal pathway, and Insulin signaling pathway. Our results provide an in-depth understanding of the function and regulation mechanism of FAPT1 in fat metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuchun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, China; (X.L.); (S.L.); (L.W.); (W.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Shijun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, China; (X.L.); (S.L.); (L.W.); (W.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Liyun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, China; (X.L.); (S.L.); (L.W.); (W.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Weiyi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, China; (X.L.); (S.L.); (L.W.); (W.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yujuan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, China; (X.L.); (S.L.); (L.W.); (W.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Linsheng Gui
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
| | - Linsen Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, China; (X.L.); (S.L.); (L.W.); (W.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Chunping Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, China; (X.L.); (S.L.); (L.W.); (W.Z.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-29-8709-1247; Fax: +86-29-8709-1148
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Christians A, Weiss AC, Martens H, Klopf MG, Hennies I, Haffner D, Kispert A, Weber RG. Inflammation-like changes in the urothelium of Lifr-deficient mice and LIFR-haploinsufficient humans with urinary tract anomalies. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 29:1192-1204. [PMID: 32179912 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are the most common cause of end-stage kidney disease in children. While the genetic aberrations underlying CAKUT pathogenesis are increasingly being elucidated, their consequences on a cellular and molecular level commonly remain unclear. Recently, we reported rare heterozygous deleterious LIFR variants in 3.3% of CAKUT patients, including a novel de novo frameshift variant, identified by whole-exome sequencing, in a patient with severe bilateral CAKUT. We also demonstrated CAKUT phenotypes in Lifr-/- and Lifr+/- mice, including a narrowed ureteric lumen due to muscular hypertrophy and a thickened urothelium. Here, we show that both in the ureter and bladder of Lifr-/- and Lifr+/- embryos, differentiation of the three urothelial cell types (basal, intermediate and superficial cells) occurs normally but that the turnover of superficial cells is elevated due to increased proliferation, enhanced differentiation from their progenitor cells (intermediate cells) and, importantly, shedding into the ureteric lumen. Microarray-based analysis of genome-wide transcriptional changes in Lifr-/- versus Lifr+/+ ureters identified gene networks associated with an antimicrobial inflammatory response. Finally, in a reverse phenotyping effort, significantly more superficial cells were detected in the urine of CAKUT patients with versus without LIFR variants indicating conserved LIFR-dependent urinary tract changes in the murine and human context. Our data suggest that LIFR signaling is required in the epithelium of the urinary tract to suppress an antimicrobial response under homeostatic conditions and that genetically induced inflammation-like changes underlie CAKUT pathogenesis in Lifr deficiency and LIFR haploinsufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Christians
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna-Carina Weiss
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Helge Martens
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Maximilian Georg Klopf
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Imke Hennies
- Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Dieter Haffner
- Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Kispert
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ruthild G Weber
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Vito A, Salem O, El-Sayes N, MacFawn IP, Portillo AL, Milne K, Harrington D, Ashkar AA, Wan Y, Workenhe ST, Nelson BH, Bruno TC, Mossman KL. Immune checkpoint blockade in triple negative breast cancer influenced by B cells through myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Commun Biol 2021; 4:859. [PMID: 34253827 PMCID: PMC8275624 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02375-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer holds a dismal clinical outcome and as such, patients routinely undergo aggressive, highly toxic treatment regimens. Clinical trials for TNBC employing immune checkpoint blockade in combination with chemotherapy show modest prognostic benefit, but the percentage of patients that respond to treatment is low, and patients often succumb to relapsed disease. Here, we show that a combination immunotherapy platform utilizing low dose chemotherapy (FEC) combined with oncolytic virotherapy (oHSV-1) increases tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, in otherwise immune-bare tumors, allowing 60% of mice to achieve durable tumor regression when treated with immune checkpoint blockade. Whole-tumor RNA sequencing of mice treated with FEC + oHSV-1 shows an upregulation of B cell receptor signaling pathways and depletion of B cells prior to the start of treatment in mice results in complete loss of therapeutic efficacy and expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Additionally, RNA sequencing data shows that FEC + oHSV-1 suppresses genes associated with myeloid-derived suppressor cells, a key population of cells that drive immune escape and mediate therapeutic resistance. These findings highlight the importance of tumor-infiltrating B cells as drivers of antitumor immunity and their potential role in the regulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Vito
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Omar Salem
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Nader El-Sayes
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ian P MacFawn
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ana L Portillo
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Katy Milne
- Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | | | - Ali A Ashkar
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Yonghong Wan
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Samuel T Workenhe
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Brad H Nelson
- Deeley Research Centre, BC Cancer, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tullia C Bruno
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Karen L Mossman
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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Wu IC, Wang YK, Chen YH, Wu CC, Wu MC, Chen WC, Wang WL, Lin HS, Chen CC, Chou SH, Liu YP, Wu MT. High Serum Elafin Prediction of Poor Prognosis of Locoregional Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13123082. [PMID: 34205756 PMCID: PMC8233752 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Conventional serum markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), and tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) have a low sensitivity in predicting the prognosis of locoregional esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell (ESCC). In our clinical study, we found high serum elafin to be an independent outcome predictor for stage I-IIIA ESCC, considering T, N, overall stage, and treatment. In vitro experiments showed that adding recombinant elafin drove ESCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while shRNA attenuated elafin levels, abrogating those effects. Our results suggested serum elafin might be a noninvasive biomarker to predict the outcome of locoregional ESCC and could potentially be used as a therapeutic target. Abstract Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly aggressive tumor known to have locally advanced and metastatic features which cause a dismal prognosis. We sought to determine whether elafin, a non-invasive and secretory small-molecule marker, could be used to predict prognosis in locoregional ESCC patients in human and in vitro studies. In our human study, 119 subjects were identified as having incident and pathologically-proved ESCC with stage I-IIIA tumors from southern Taiwan between 2000 and 2016. We measured their serum elafin levels at baseline and followed them until the date of cancer death or until January 2020, the end of this study. Those with high serum elafin levels were found to have a 1.99-fold risk (95% confidence interval: 1.17–3.38) shorter survival than those who did not. In our in vitro experiments, elevated elafin levels were found to drive ESCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while attenuation of elafin level by shRNA abrogated those effects. We concluded that elafin promotes ESCC motility and invasion and leads to a worse clinical prognosis in ESCC patients without distant metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Chen Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (I.-C.W.); (Y.-K.W.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-C.W.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Yao-Kuang Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (I.-C.W.); (Y.-K.W.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-C.W.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Yi-Hsun Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (I.-C.W.); (Y.-K.W.); (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Chun-Chieh Wu
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-C.W.); (S.-H.C.)
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chieh Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Chung Chen
- Ph.D. Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (C.-C.C.)
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lun Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-DA Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan;
| | - Hung-Shun Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Department of Research, Education & Training, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chou-Cheng Chen
- Ph.D. Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Shah-Hwa Chou
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-C.W.); (S.-H.C.)
- Division of Chest Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Peng Liu
- Ph.D. Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (C.-C.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-P.L.); (M.-T.W.); Tel.: +886-7-3121101 (ext. 5092-424) (Y.-P.L.); +886-7-3121101 (ext. 2315) (M.-T.W.)
| | - Ming-Tsang Wu
- Ph.D. Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (C.-C.C.)
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Rapid Screening Research Center for Toxicology and Biomedicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-P.L.); (M.-T.W.); Tel.: +886-7-3121101 (ext. 5092-424) (Y.-P.L.); +886-7-3121101 (ext. 2315) (M.-T.W.)
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Rowswell-Turner RB, Singh RK, Urh A, Yano N, Kim KK, Khazan N, Pandita R, Sivagnanalingam U, Hovanesian V, James NE, Ribeiro JR, Kadambi S, Linehan DC, Moore RG. HE4 Overexpression by Ovarian Cancer Promotes a Suppressive Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Enhanced Tumor and Macrophage PD-L1 Expression. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 206:2478-2488. [PMID: 33903172 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a highly fatal malignancy characterized by early chemotherapy responsiveness but the eventual development of resistance. Immune targeting therapies are changing treatment paradigms for numerous cancer types but have had minimal success in ovarian cancer. Through retrospective patient sample analysis, we have determined that high human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) production correlates with multiple markers of immune suppression in ovarian cancer, including lower CD8+ T cell infiltration, higher PD-L1 expression, and an increase in the peripheral monocyte to lymphocyte ratio. To further understand the impact that HE4 has on the immune microenvironment in ovarian cancer, we injected rats with syngeneic HE4 high- and low-expressing cancer cells and analyzed the differences in their tumor and ascites immune milieu. We found that high tumoral HE4 expression promotes an ascites cytokine profile that is rich in myeloid-recruiting and differentiation factors, with an influx of M2 macrophages and increased arginase 1 production. Additionally, CTL activation is significantly reduced in the ascites fluid, and there is a trend toward lower CTL infiltration of the tumor, whereas NK cell recruitment to the ascites and tumor is also reduced. PD-L1 expression by tumor cells and macrophages is increased by HE4 through a novel posttranscriptional mechanism. Our data have identified HE4 as a mediator of tumor-immune suppression in ovarian cancer, highlighting this molecule as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael B Rowswell-Turner
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY .,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Rakesh K Singh
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Anze Urh
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hofstra University, East Garden City, NY
| | - Naohiro Yano
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Kyu Kwang Kim
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Negar Khazan
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Ravina Pandita
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Umayal Sivagnanalingam
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | | | - Nicole E James
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Jennifer R Ribeiro
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Sindhuja Kadambi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - David C Linehan
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
| | - Richard G Moore
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
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Balderrama-Gutierrez G, Milovic A, Cook VJ, Islam MN, Zhang Y, Kiaris H, Belisle JT, Mortazavi A, Barbour AG. An Infection-Tolerant Mammalian Reservoir for Several Zoonotic Agents Broadly Counters the Inflammatory Effects of Endotoxin. mBio 2021; 12:e00588-21. [PMID: 33849979 PMCID: PMC8092257 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00588-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals that are competent reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens commonly suffer little morbidity from the infections. To investigate mechanisms of this tolerance of infection, we used single-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as an experimental model of inflammation and compared the responses of two rodents: Peromyscus leucopus, the white-footed deermouse and reservoir for the agents of Lyme disease and other zoonoses, and the house mouse Mus musculus Four hours after injection with LPS or saline, blood, spleen, and liver samples were collected and subjected to transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq), metabolomics, and specific reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Differential expression analysis was at the gene, pathway, and network levels. LPS-treated deermice showed signs of sickness similar to those of exposed mice and had similar increases in corticosterone levels and expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor, IL-1β, and C-reactive protein. By network analysis, the M. musculus response to LPS was characterized as cytokine associated, while the P. leucopus response was dominated by neutrophil activity terms. In addition, dichotomies in the expression levels of arginase 1 and nitric oxide synthase 2 and of IL-10 and IL-12 were consistent with type M1 macrophage responses in mice and type M2 responses in deermice. Analysis of metabolites in plasma and RNA in organs revealed species differences in tryptophan metabolism. Two genes in particular signified the different phenotypes of deermice and mice: the Slpi and Ibsp genes. Key RNA-seq findings for P. leucopus were replicated in older animals, in a systemic bacterial infection, and with cultivated fibroblasts. The findings indicate that P. leucopus possesses several adaptive traits to moderate inflammation in its balancing of infection resistance and tolerance.IMPORTANCE Animals that are natural carriers of pathogens that cause human diseases commonly manifest little or no sickness as a consequence of infection. Examples include the deermouse, Peromyscus leucopus, which is a reservoir for Lyme disease and several other disease agents in North America, and some types of bats, which are carriers of viruses with pathogenicity for humans. Mechanisms of this phenomenon of infection tolerance and entailed trade-off costs are poorly understood. Using a single injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin as a proxy for infection, we found that deermice differed from the mouse (Mus musculus) in responses to LPS in several diverse pathways, including innate immunity, oxidative stress, and metabolism. Features distinguishing the deermice cumulatively would moderate downstream ill effects of LPS. Insights gained from the P. leucopus model in the laboratory have implications for studying infection tolerance in other important reservoir species, including bats and other types of wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Balderrama-Gutierrez
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Ana Milovic
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Vanessa J Cook
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - M Nurul Islam
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Youwen Zhang
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Hippokratis Kiaris
- Peromyscus Genetic Stock Center, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - John T Belisle
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Ali Mortazavi
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Alan G Barbour
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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The diverse roles of myeloid derived suppressor cells in mucosal immunity. Cell Immunol 2021; 365:104361. [PMID: 33984533 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2021.104361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The mucosal immune system plays a vital role in protecting the host from the external environment. Its major challenge is to balance immune responses against harmful and harmless agents and serve as a 'homeostatic gate keeper'. Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of undifferentiated cells that are characterized by an immunoregulatory and immunosuppressive phenotype. Herein we postulate that MDSCs may be involved in shaping immune responses related to mucosal immunity, due to their immunomodulatory and tissue remodeling functions. Until recently, MDSCs were investigated mainly in cancerous diseases, where they induce and contribute to an immunosuppressive and inflammatory environment that favors tumor development. However, it is now becoming clear that MDSCs participate in non-cancerous conditions such as chronic infections, autoimmune diseases, pregnancy, aging processes and immune tolerance to commensal microbiota at mucosal sites. Since MDSCs are found in the periphery only in small numbers under normal conditions, their role is highlighted during pathologies characterized by acute or chronic inflammation, when they accumulate and become activated. In this review, we describe several aspects of the current knowledge characterizing MDSCs and their involvement in the regulation of the mucosal epithelial barrier, their crosstalk with commensal microbiota and pathogenic microorganisms, and their complex interactions with a variety of surrounding regulatory and effector immune cells. Finally, we discuss the beneficial and harmful outcomes of the MDSC regulatory functions in diseases affecting mucosal tissues. We wish to illuminate the pivotal role of MDSCs in mucosal immunity, the limitations in our understanding of all the players and the intricate challenges stemming from the complex interactions of MDSCs with their environment.
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Overexpression of secretory leukocyte peptidase inhibitor (SLPI) does not modulate experimental osteoarthritis but may be a biomarker for the disease. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021; 29:558-567. [PMID: 33485930 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritic cartilage destruction can be regulated by the balance between proteases and anti-proteases. Here, we sought to identify novel cellular protease inhibitors associated with osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. METHODS Candidate molecules were screened from microarray data of chondrocytes treated with OA-associated catabolic factors. The functions of candidate molecules in OA pathogenesis were examined in primary-culture mouse articular chondrocytes and mouse models of OA, such as those stimulated by destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) or intra-articular (IA) injection of adenovirus expressing the candidate gene. The value of the selected candidate molecule as a biomarker of OA was examined by measuring its circulating levels in human and mouse blood. RESULTS Bioinformatic analysis identified secretory leukocyte peptidase inhibitor (SLPI) as a highly upregulated cellular protease inhibitor in chondrocytes treated with pathogenic catabolic factors, including interleukin (IL)-1β, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2α, and zinc importer ZIP8. The adenovirus-mediated overexpression of SLPI in joint tissues did not cause any OA-like change or modulate DMM- or HIF-2α-induced experimental OA in mice. SLPI also did not markedly modulate the expression of OA-associated catabolic or anabolic factors in chondrocytes. However, SLPI was specifically upregulated in OA cartilage, and the serum SLPI levels were significantly elevated in human OA patients and experimental OA mice, suggesting that SLPI may be a biomarker of OA. CONCLUSION Although SLPI is upregulated in OA chondrocytes, it does not appear to per se modulate OA development in mice. However, it may be a potential biomarker of OA in humans and animal models.
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Lee SY, Moon JS, Yang DW, Yoo HI, Jung JY, Kim OS, Kim MS, Koh JT, Chung HJ, Kim SH. SLPI in periodontal Ligament is not sleepy during biophysical force-induced tooth movement. J Clin Periodontol 2021; 48:528-540. [PMID: 33370451 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to identify a key molecule that maintains periodontal tissue homeostasis during biophysical force-induced tooth movement (BTM) by orchestrating alveolar bone (AB) remodelling. MATERIALS AND METHODS Differential display-PCR was performed to identify key molecules for BTM in rats. To investigate the localization and expression of the identified molecules, immunofluorescence, real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting were performed in rats and human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. Functional test and micro-CT analysis were performed to examine the in vivo effects of the identified molecules on BTM. RESULTS Secretory leucocyte peptidase inhibitor (SLPI) in the PDL was revealed as a key molecule for BTM-induced AB remodelling. SLPI was enhanced in the PDL under both compression and tension, and downregulated by an adenyl cyclases inhibitor. SLPI induced osteoblastogenic genes including runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and synergistically augmented tension-induced Runx2 expression. SLPI augmented mineralization in PDL cells. SLPI induced osteoclastogenic genes including receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) and synergistically augmented the compression-induced RANKL and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (MCSF) expression. Finally, the in vivo SLPI application into the AB significantly augmented BTM. CONCLUSIONS SLPI or its inhibitors might serve as a biological target molecule for therapeutic interventions to modulate BTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Young Lee
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jung-Sun Moon
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Yang
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hong-Il Yoo
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Jung
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ok-Su Kim
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Min-Seok Kim
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jeong-Tae Koh
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Chung
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sun-Hun Kim
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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Cassuto J, Folestad A, Göthlin J, Malchau H, Kärrholm J. Concerted actions by MMPs, ADAMTS and serine proteases during remodeling of the cartilage callus into bone during osseointegration of hip implants. Bone Rep 2020; 13:100715. [PMID: 32995386 PMCID: PMC7509196 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2020.100715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although the number of patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty is constantly on the rise, we only have limited knowledge of the molecular mechanisms necessary for successful osseointegration of implants or the reasons why some fail. Understanding the spatiotemporal characteristics of signaling pathways involved in bone healing of implants is therefore of particular importance for our ability to identify factors causing implants to fail. The current study investigated the role of three families of proteases, i.e. MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases), ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs) and serine proteases, as well as their endogenous inhibitors during osseointegration of hip implants that have endured two decades of use without clinical or radiological signs of loosening. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four patients that had undergone primary THA due to one-sided osteoarthritis (OA) were monitored during 18 years (Y) with repeated measurements of plasma biomarkers, clinical variables and radiographs. All implants were clinically and radiographically well-fixed throughout the follow-up. Eighty-one healthy donors divided in three gender and age-matched groups and twenty OA patients awaiting THA, served as controls. Plasma was analyzed for MMP-1, -2, -3, -8, -9, -10, -13, -14, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, -2, -3, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, the serine proteases neutrophil elastase (NE), proteinase 3 (PR3) and their endogenous inhibitors, secretory leucocyte proteinase inhibitor (SLPI), trappin-2/elafin and serpina1 (α-1 antitrypsin). Cartilage turnover was monitored using two markers of cartilage synthesis, type II procollagen and PIICP (procollagen II C-terminal propeptide), and two markers of cartilage degradation, CTX-II (C-terminal telopeptide fragments of type II collagen) and split products of aggrecan (G1-IGD-G2). RESULTS MMP-1, MMP-9, ADAMTS4, NE and PR3 were above healthy in presurgery OA patients but returned to the level of healthy within 6 weeks (W) after surgery. MMPs and serine proteases were counter-regulated during this phase by TIMP-1, SLPI and trappin-2/elafin. Type II procollagen, PIICP and CTX-II increased to a peak 6 W after surgery with a gradual return to the level of controls within weeks. Significant increases by MMP-8, MMP-9, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, NE, PR3 and the protease inhibitors, TIMP-3 and serpina1, were seen 5 Y after hip arthroplasty paralleled by a sharp increase in the levels of the cartilage degradation markers, CTX-II and G1-IGD-G2. All the above mediators were normalized before 18 Y, except MMP-1 and MMP-9 that remained above healthy at 18 Y. MMP-14 increased immediately after surgery and remained elevated until 5 Y postsurgery before returning to the level of controls at 7 Y. CONCLUSION Notwithstanding temporal differences, the molecular processes of bone repair in arthroplasty patients show great spatial similarities with the classical phases of fracture repair as previously shown in animal models. Cartilagenous callus, produced and remodeled early after hip arthroplasty, is replaced with bone 5 Y to7 Y after surgery by the concerted actions of MMP-8, MMP-9, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, NE and PR3, thus suggesting that a complex regulatory cross-talk may exist between different families of proteases during this transitional phase of cartilage degradation. Regulation and fine-tuning of cartilage remodeling by MMPs and ADAMTS is controlled by TIMP-3 whereas serine proteases are regulated by serpina1. Increased MMP-1 and MMP-9 beyond 10Y post-THA support a role during coupled bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Cassuto
- Orthopedic Research Unit, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Institution of Clinical Sciences, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Agnetha Folestad
- Department of Orthopedics, CapioLundby Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jan Göthlin
- Department of Radiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Institution of Clinical Sciences, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Malchau
- Orthopedic Research Unit, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Johan Kärrholm
- Orthopedic Research Unit, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Institution of Clinical Sciences, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden
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