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Wei X, Wang D, Xu Z, Liu J, Zhu Q, Chen Q, Tang H, Xu W. Research progress on the regulatory and pharmacological mechanism of chemical components of Dendrobium. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37541. [PMID: 39328574 PMCID: PMC11425140 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dendrobium is a precious Chinese herbal medicine, which belongs to the genus Orchidaceae. Ancient records and modern pharmacological research show that Dendrobium has pharmacological effects such as anti-tumor, antioxidant regulating immunity and blood glucose, and anti-aging. Dendrobium contains polysaccharides, alkaloids, bibenzyl, sesquiterpenes, phenanthrene, polyphenols and other types of chemicals. Its pharmacological activity is closely related to these chemical components. For example, dendrobium extracts can achieve anti-tumor effects by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and metastasis, promoting cell apoptosis and ferroptosis, or increasing cell sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs. It enhances immunity by regulating immune cell activity or cytokine release. In addition, it can alleviate neurodegenerative diseases by protecting nerve cells from apoptotic damage. In recent years, research reports on biologically active compounds in Dendrobium have shown a blowout growth, which makes us realize that it is meaningful to continuously update the research progress on the components and pharmacological regulatory mechanism of this traditional Chinese medicine. By classifying the collected chemical components according to different chemical structures and summarizing their pharmacological mechanisms, we investigated the current research progress of Dendrobium and provide a more comprehensive scientific foundation for the further development and clinical transformation of Dendrobium in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wei
- Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, PR China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Dan Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
- Department of Geriatrics, Gerontology Institute of Anhui Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, PR China
| | - Ziming Xu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, PR China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
- Department of Geriatrics, Gerontology Institute of Anhui Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, PR China
| | - Qizhi Zhu
- Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, PR China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Qi Chen
- Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, PR China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Heng Tang
- Wanbei Coal Electric Group General Hospital, Anhui Province, Suzhou, 234011, PR China
| | - Weiping Xu
- Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, PR China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
- Department of Geriatrics, Gerontology Institute of Anhui Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, PR China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunotherapy and Nutrition Therapy, Hefei, 230001, PR China
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Zheng H, Li T, Hu Z, Zheng Q, Wang J. The potential of flavonoids to mitigate cellular senescence in cardiovascular disease. Biogerontology 2024:10.1007/s10522-024-10141-7. [PMID: 39325277 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-024-10141-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Aging is one of the most significant factors affecting cardiovascular health, with cellular senescence being a central hallmark. Senescent cells (SCs) secrete a specific set of signaling molecules known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The SASP has a remarkable impact on age-associated diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Targeting SCs through anti-aging therapies represents a novel strategy to effectively retard senescence and attenuate disease progression. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that the flavonoids, widely presented in fruits and vegetables worldwide, can delay or treat CVD via selectively eliminating SCs (senolytics) and modulating SASPs (senomorphics). Nevertheless, only sporadic research has illustrated the application of flavonoids in targeting SCs for CVD, which requires further exploration. This review recapitulates the hallmarks and key molecular mechanisms involved in cellular senescence, then summarizes senescence of different types of cardiac cells and describes the mechanisms by which cellular senescence affects CVD development. The discussion culminates with the potential use of flavonoids via exerting their biological effects on cellular senescence to reduce CVD incidence. This summary will provide valuable insights for cardiovascular drug design, development and clinical applications leveraging flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Zheng
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Li
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyun Hu
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zheng
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Junsong Wang
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Tsirigotis-Maniecka M, Górska E, Mazurek-Hołys A, Pawlaczyk-Graja I. Unlocking the Potential of Food Waste: A Review of Multifunctional Pectins. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2670. [PMID: 39339134 PMCID: PMC11436238 DOI: 10.3390/polym16182670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2024] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This review comprehensively explores the multifunctional applications of pectins derived from food waste and by-products, emphasizing their role as versatile biomaterials in the medical-related sectors. Pectins, known for their polyelectrolytic nature and ability to form hydrogels, influence the chemical composition, sensory properties, and overall acceptability of food and pharmaceutical products. The study presents an in-depth analysis of molecular parameters and structural features of pectins, such as the degree of esterification (DE), monosaccharide composition, galacturonic acid (GalA) content, and relative amounts of homogalacturonan (HG) and rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I), which are critical for their technofunctional properties and biological activity. Emphasis is placed on pectins obtained from various waste sources, including fruits, vegetables, herbs, and nuts. The review also highlights the importance of structure-function relationships, especially with respect to the interfacial properties and rheological behavior of pectin solutions and gels. Biological applications, including antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities, are also discussed, positioning pectins as promising biomaterials for various functional and therapeutic applications. Recalled pectins can also support the growth of probiotic bacteria, thus increasing the health benefits of the final product. This detailed review highlights the potential of using pectins from food waste to develop advanced and sustainable biopolymer-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Tsirigotis-Maniecka
- Laboratory of Bioproduct Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 29, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Górska
- Laboratory of Bioproduct Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 29, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Mazurek-Hołys
- Laboratory of Bioproduct Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 29, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Izabela Pawlaczyk-Graja
- Laboratory of Bioproduct Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 29, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
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Yin C, Lan T, Wu Y, Cai J, Li H, Kuang X, Jiao L, Ou X, Yang H, Liu B, Lu W. Integrating Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation to Investigate the Mechanism of Qushi Huatan Decoction Against Coronary Heart Disease. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:4033-4049. [PMID: 39280256 PMCID: PMC11402371 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s463054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was designed to evaluate the effect and mechanism of the Qushi Huatan (QSHT) decoction against coronary heart disease (CHD) through network pharmacology and experimental verification. Methods In the present study, the active ingredients of the QSHT decoction were identified by ultra performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS), then the potential ingredients and coronary heart disease targets were predicted using the SwissTarget Prediction database and the database of Genecards and OMIM database, respectively. A herb-compound-target network was constructed using Cytoscape. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed using the ClusterProfiler data package of R software. Molecular docking was used to predict the core targets of QSHT against CHD. In addition, we used a myocardial infarction (MI) and high-fat diet ApoE-/- mice model to investigate the cardioprotective effects of QSHT. Western blotting and immunochemistry were used to verify the core targets and the signaling pathway. Results A total of 68 active ingredients were found in the QSHT decoction. Network pharmacology indicated 28 targets and 147 signal pathways, including AKT1, HIF-1α, GSK-3β, TLR4 and NF-κB, those key targets were also verified by molecular docking. The results of GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the targets of QSHT against CHD were largely associated with inflammatory and oxidative stress, and AKT/HIF-1α and TLR4/NF-κB pathways might be key functional pathways. In vivo, QSHT significantly improved cardiac function and attenuated fibrosis and inflammation. Furthermore, QSHT could significantly inhibit the expression of HIF-1α, TLR4, phosphorylation of AKT1, GSK-3β and NF-κB after MI in ApoE-/- mice. Conclusion Based on network pharmacology, molecular docking and experimental verification, this study demonstrated that QSHT could improve cardiac function and attenuate cardiac fibrosis by regulating TLR4/NF-κB and AKT/HIF-1α signaling pathway in post- MI and high-fat diet ApoE-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Yin
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Taohua Lan
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunshan Wu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chirality Research on Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Cai
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoxiang Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolan Kuang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Jiao
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Ou
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chirality Research on Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihui Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Chinese Medicine Guangdong Laboratory, Guangdong Hengqin, People's Republic of China
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Lu Y, Li DH, Xu JM, Zhou S. Role of naringin in the treatment of atherosclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1451445. [PMID: 39309005 PMCID: PMC11412885 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1451445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a major pathological basis of coronary heart disease. However, the currently available medications are unable to effectively reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events in the majority of patients with AS. Therefore, naringin has been attracting considerable attention owing to its anti-AS effects. Naringin can inhibit the growth, proliferation, invasion, and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells, ameliorate endothelial cell inflammation and apoptosis, lower blood pressure, halt the cell cycle at the G1 phase, and impede growth via its antioxidant and free radical scavenging effects. These activities suggest the potential anti-AS effects of naringin. In this review article, we comprehensively summarized the latest findings on the anti-AS effects of naringin and their underlying mechanisms, providing a crucial reference for future research on the anti-AS potential of this agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - De-Hong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ji-Mei Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Sheng Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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Chong JR, de Lucia C, Tovar-Rios DA, Castellanos-Perilla N, Collins C, Kvernberg SM, Ballard C, Siow RC, Aarsland D. A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Cross-Over Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Biological Effects and Safety of a Polyphenol Supplement on Healthy Ageing. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:995. [PMID: 39199240 PMCID: PMC11352085 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13080995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
DailyColors™ is a supplement made up of several phytonutrients that aims to replicate elements from the Mediterranean diet. These include fruit, berry and vegetable extracts that are rich in key phytochemicals such as Quercetin, Catechins, Phloretin, Ellagic Acid, and Anthocyanins. Here, we determined the effects of DailyColors™ on the blood biomarkers associated with the diverse mechanisms implicated in ageing and age-related diseases, including mitochondrial function, inflammation, and oxidative stress, as well as on saliva's DNA methylation pattern. Thirty adult participants (mean (SD) age = 67.0 (7.5) years) with a body mass index over 25 were recruited into this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial (two one-week treatment periods, separated by a one-week washout period). During the placebo period, we observed a significant increase in blood CD38 concentrations from the baseline to 24 h (p-value = 0.019). This was not observed in the active period. Increased CD38 is reportedly associated with subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation. Next, there was a decreasing trend of plasma 4-HNE levels, an oxidative stress biomarker, after a one-week intake of DailyColors™. Furthermore, following a one-month open-label follow-up in 26 participants, we observed hypermethylation of the candidate CpG site cg13108341 (q-value = 0.021), which was against the observed trend for this site during ageing. Taken together, while minimal effects were observed in this study, DailyColors™ supplementation may be beneficial by altering and alleviating age-related changes. Longer and larger scale trials of DailyColors™ supplementation are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Ruifen Chong
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London S5 9NU, UK;
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Chiara de Lucia
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London S5 9NU, UK;
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, 4019 Stavanger, Norway; (D.A.T.-R.); (N.C.-P.); (S.M.K.)
| | - Diego Alejandro Tovar-Rios
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, 4019 Stavanger, Norway; (D.A.T.-R.); (N.C.-P.); (S.M.K.)
- Grupos de Investigación en Estadística Aplicada—INFERIR, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali 760042, Colombia
- Grupo Prevención y Control de la Enfermedad Crónica—PRECEC, Faculty of Health, Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali 760042, Colombia
| | - Nicolas Castellanos-Perilla
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, 4019 Stavanger, Norway; (D.A.T.-R.); (N.C.-P.); (S.M.K.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5009 Bergen, Norway
- Semillero de Neurociencias y Envejecimiento, Ageing Institute, Medical School, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christopher Collins
- Muhdo Health Ltd., Columba House, Adastral Park, Martlesham Heath, Martlesham, Ipswich IP5 3RE, UK;
| | - Silje Meihack Kvernberg
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, 4019 Stavanger, Norway; (D.A.T.-R.); (N.C.-P.); (S.M.K.)
| | - Clive Ballard
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2HZ, UK;
| | - Richard C. Siow
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK;
- Ageing Research at King’s (ARK), King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London S5 9NU, UK;
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, 4019 Stavanger, Norway; (D.A.T.-R.); (N.C.-P.); (S.M.K.)
- Ageing Research at King’s (ARK), King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
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Gu Y, Du L, Wu Y, Qin J, Gu X, Guo Z, Li Y. Biomembrane-Modified Biomimetic Nanodrug Delivery Systems: Frontier Platforms for Cardiovascular Disease Treatment. Biomolecules 2024; 14:960. [PMID: 39199348 PMCID: PMC11352341 DOI: 10.3390/biom14080960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Despite significant advances in current drug therapies, issues such as poor drug targeting and severe side effects persist. In recent years, nanomedicine has been extensively applied in the research and treatment of CVDs. Among these, biomembrane-modified biomimetic nanodrug delivery systems (BNDSs) have emerged as a research focus due to their unique biocompatibility and efficient drug delivery capabilities. By modifying with biological membranes, BNDSs can effectively reduce recognition and clearance by the immune system, enhance biocompatibility and circulation time in vivo, and improve drug targeting. This review first provides an overview of the classification and pathological mechanisms of CVDs, then systematically summarizes the research progress of BNDSs in the treatment of CVDs, discussing their design principles, functional characteristics, and clinical application potential. Finally, it highlights the issues and challenges faced in the clinical translation of BNDSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunan Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Y.G.); (L.D.); (Y.W.); (J.Q.); (X.G.)
| | - Lixin Du
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Y.G.); (L.D.); (Y.W.); (J.Q.); (X.G.)
| | - Yuxin Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Y.G.); (L.D.); (Y.W.); (J.Q.); (X.G.)
| | - Juan Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Y.G.); (L.D.); (Y.W.); (J.Q.); (X.G.)
| | - Xiang Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Y.G.); (L.D.); (Y.W.); (J.Q.); (X.G.)
| | - Zhihua Guo
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China;
| | - Ya Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China; (Y.G.); (L.D.); (Y.W.); (J.Q.); (X.G.)
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Lu X, Xu Z, Shu F, Wang Y, Han Y, Yang X, Shi P, Fan C, Wang L, Yu F, Sun Q, Cheng F, Chen H. Reactive Oxygen Species Responsive Multifunctional Fusion Extracellular Nanovesicles: Prospective Treatments for Acute Heart Transplant Rejection. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2406758. [PMID: 38949397 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202406758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Heart transplantation offers life-saving treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure; however, ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and subsequent immune responses remain significant challenges. Current therapies primarily target adaptive immunity, with limited options available for addressing IRI and innate immune activation. Although plant-derived vesicle-like nanoparticles show promise in managing diseases, their application in organ transplantation complications is unexplored. Here, this work develops a novel reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive multifunctional fusion extracellular nanovesicles carrying rapamycin (FNVs@RAPA) to address early IRI and Ly6C+Ly6G- inflammatory macrophage-mediated rejection in heart transplantation. The FNVs comprise Exocarpium Citri grandis-derived extracellular nanovesicles with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and mesenchymal stem cell membrane-derived nanovesicles expressing calreticulin with macrophage-targeting ability. A novel ROS-responsive bio-orthogonal chemistry approach facilitates the active targeting delivery of FNVs@RAPA to the heart graft site, effectively alleviating IRI and promoting the polarization of Ly6C+Ly6G- inflammatory macrophages toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Hence, FNVs@RAPA represents a promising therapeutic approach for mitigating early transplantation complications and immune rejection. The fusion-targeted delivery strategy offers superior heart graft site enrichment and macrophage-specific targeting, promising improved transplant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Zhanxue Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Fan Shu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yidan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yuhang Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xinrui Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Peilin Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Chuanqiang Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Linglu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Fei Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Qipeng Sun
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fang Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
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Anton DB, de Lima JC, Dahmer BR, Camini AM, Goettert MI, Timmers LFSM. Taming the storm: potential anti-inflammatory compounds targeting SARS-CoV-2 MPro. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01525-9. [PMID: 39048773 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01525-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
In severe COVID-19 cases, an exacerbated inflammatory response triggers a cytokine storm that can worsen the prognosis. Compounds with both antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities show promise as candidates for COVID-19 therapy, as they potentially act against the SARS-CoV-2 infection regardless of the disease stage. One of the most attractive drug targets among coronaviruses is the main protease (MPro). This enzyme is crucial for cleaving polyproteins into non-structural proteins required for viral replication. The aim of this review was to identify SARS-CoV-2 MPro inhibitors with both antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. The interactions of the compounds within the SARS-CoV-2 MPro binding site were analyzed through molecular docking when data from crystallographic structures were unavailable. 18 compounds were selected and classified into five different superclasses. Five of them exhibit high potency against MPro: GC-376, baicalein, naringenin, heparin, and carmofur, with IC50 values below 0.2 μM. The MPro inhibitors selected have the potential to alleviate lung edema and decrease cytokine release. These molecules mainly target three critical inflammatory pathways: NF-κB, JAK/STAT, and MAPK, all previously associated with COVID-19 pathogenesis. The structures of the compounds occupy the S1/S2 substrate binding subsite of the MPro. They interact with residues from the catalytic dyad (His41 and Cys145) and/or with the oxyanion hole (Gly143, Ser144, and Cys145), which are pivotal for substrate recognition. The MPro SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors with potential anti-inflammatory activities present here could be optimized for maximum efficacy and safety and be explored as potential treatment of both mild and severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Bublitz Anton
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, Universidade do Vale do Taquari (Univates), Lajeado, CEP 95914-014, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Camargo de Lima
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, Universidade do Vale do Taquari (Univates), Lajeado, CEP 95914-014, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rampanelli Dahmer
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, Universidade do Vale do Taquari (Univates), Lajeado, CEP 95914-014, Brazil
| | - Ana Micaela Camini
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, Universidade do Vale do Taquari (Univates), Lajeado, CEP 95914-014, Brazil
| | - Marcia Inês Goettert
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Luis Fernando Saraiva Macedo Timmers
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, Universidade do Vale do Taquari (Univates), Lajeado, CEP 95914-014, Brazil.
- Medical Science Graduate Program, Universidade do Vale do Taquari (Univates), Lajeado, CEP 95914-014, Brazil.
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10
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Liu Y, Liu Z, Wu N. Association between intake of flavanones and the overweight/obesity and central obesity in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study from the NHANES database. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1430140. [PMID: 39086546 PMCID: PMC11288817 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1430140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim The prevalence of obesity (Ob), overweight (Ow) and central obesity (CO) in children and adolescents has increased dramatically over the past decades globally. Flavanones have been recently studied as adjuvants for the treatment of obesity. This study was aimed at evaluating the association between intake of flavanones and its subclasses and the Ow/Ob and CO in children and adolescents. Methods This cross-sectional study extracted the data of children and adolescents with Ow/Ob and CO from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database for 2007-2010 and 2017-2018. Ow and Ob were defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 85th percentile. CO was defined as a waist circumference (WC) ≥ 90th percentile. The association between intake of flavanones and its subclasses and the Ow/Ob and CO in children and adolescents was determined by weighted univariate and multivariate Logistic regression models adjusted for potential covariates, and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was calculated. To further explore association between intake of flavanones and its subclasses and the Ow/Ob and CO in children and adolescents, subgroup analyses stratified by age, and gender. Results Of the total 5,970 children and adolescents, 2,463 (41.2%) developed Ow/Ob and 1,294 (21.7%) patients developed CO. High intake of flavanones, eriodictyol, hesperetin, and naringenin were associated with lower odds of Ow/Ob in children and adolescents. (OR: 0.75, 95%CI: 0.62-0.92, OR: 0.69, 95%CI: 0.55-0.87, OR: 0.69, 95%CI: 0.55-0.87, and OR: 0.76, 95%CI: 0.63-0.92, respectively). In addition, high intake of flavanones, eriodictyol, and naringenin were associated with lower odds of CO in children and adolescents (OR: 0.71, 95%CI: 0.57-0.88, OR: 0.67, 95%CI: 0.51-0.86, and OR: 0.69, 95%CI: 0.55-0.86, respectively). Subgroup analyses showed that among all the different subgroups, high intake of flavanones was associated with lower odds of Ow/Ob and CO in children and adolescents. Conclusion A diet loaded with high flavanones were associated with lower odds of Ow/Ob and CO in children and adolescents, and children and adolescents should be encouraged to increase their intake of flavanones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Liu
- Developmental Behavior Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhuoqiong Liu
- Developmental Behavior Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Child Health Section, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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11
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Cao W, Wang L, Mo Q, Peng F, Hong W, Zhou Y, Sun R, Li H, Liang C, Zhao D, Zheng M, Li B, Peng G. Disease-associated gut microbiome and metabolome changes in rats with chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1022181. [PMID: 39071798 PMCID: PMC11272533 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1022181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disease affecting the lung vasculature that is characterized by sustained vasoconstriction and leads to vascular remodeling. The lung microbiome contributes to PH progression, but the function of the gut microbiome and the correlation between the gut microbiome and metabolome remain unclear. We have analyzed whether chronic hypoxia-induced PH alters the rat fecal microbiota. Purpose We explored hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension model rats to find out the characteristic changes of intestinal microorganisms and metabolites of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension, and provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment. Methods In the current study, a chronic hypoxia-induced PH rat model was used to investigate the role of the gut microbiome and metabolome as a potential mechanism contributing to the occurrence and development of PH. 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (16S rRNA), short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) measurements, mass spectrometry (MS) metabolomics analysis and metatranscriptome were performed to analyze stool samples. The datasets were analyzed individually and integrated for combined analysis using bioinformatics approaches. Results Our results suggest that the gut microbiome and metabolome of chronic hypoxia-induced PH rats are distinct from those of normoxic rats and may thus aid in the search for new therapeutic or diagnostic paradigms for PH. Conclusion The gut microbiome and metabolome are altered as a result of chronic hypoxia-induced PH. This imbalanced bacterial ecosystem might play a pathophysiological role in PH by altering homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiudi Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Respiratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yumin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunxiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongxing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengning Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Bing Li
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gongyong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Maggiolo G, Aldigeri R, Savini C, Mengani M, Maggi M, Frigeri G, Spigoni V, Cinquegrani G, Fantuzzi F, Di Donna L, Tosi N, Bergamo F, Bresciani L, Rosi A, Mena P, Scazzina F, Del Rio D, Bonadonna RC, Dei Cas A. Chronic consumption of a bergamot-based beverage does not affect glucose, lipid and inflammatory biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk in healthy subjects: a randomised controlled intervention study. Food Funct 2024; 15:5842-5854. [PMID: 38767145 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00877d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Background: Pure bergamot juice exerts lipid lowering effects in dyslipidemic subjects. It is unknown whether bergamot-based beverages exert similar effects in healthy subjects. Aim: To assess the effects, if any, of a bergamot-based beverage (BBB, bergamot juice ≤25%) on lipid, metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers. Methods: Forty-five healthy subjects were randomised 1 : 1 to BBB intake (400 mL day-1) (55.5%) or control (44.5%) for 12 weeks. Anthropometric (waist circumference, body mass index (BMI)) and clinical (blood pressure) parameters, blood samples (glucose, glycated haemoglobin, insulinemia, lipid profile, liver and renal function, inflammatory biomarkers) and 24-h urine for the analysis of (poly)phenol metabolites were collected at the baseline and at 12 weeks. Intakes of energy, nutrients and food groups were assessed by a 7-day dietary record. Results: Both groups exhibited a time-related significant decrease in total cholesterol (p = 0.02), fasting plasma glucose (p = 0.016), insulin (p = 0.034), BMI (p < 0.001) and waist circumference (p = 0.04), but with no significant between-arm difference. The urinary profile of metabolites from the BBB-derived (poly)phenols well discriminated the two study groups, documenting good compliance in the intervention arm. Notably, urinary bergamot 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG) -containing flavanones or derived HMG-containing metabolites were not detectable. BBB was well tolerated and no adverse events were recorded. Conclusion: This first randomized controlled trial of BBB consumption in healthy subjects showed no effects of BBB on the cardiometabolic risk profile. BBB consumption is a safe nutritional adjunct in the context of a well balanced diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Maggiolo
- Division of Nutritional and Metabolic Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | | | - Cecilia Savini
- Division of Nutritional and Metabolic Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Martina Mengani
- Division of Nutritional and Metabolic Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Marta Maggi
- Division of Nutritional and Metabolic Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Giulia Frigeri
- Division of Nutritional and Metabolic Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Valentina Spigoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Federica Fantuzzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Leonardo Di Donna
- QUASIORA Laboratory, AGRINFRA Research Net, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Università della Calabria, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Nicole Tosi
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Federica Bergamo
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Letizia Bresciani
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alice Rosi
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Scazzina
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Riccardo C Bonadonna
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alessandra Dei Cas
- Division of Nutritional and Metabolic Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy.
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy
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13
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Zhang JJ, Mao-Mao, Shao MM, Wang MC. Therapeutic potential of natural flavonoids in pulmonary arterial hypertension: A review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155535. [PMID: 38537442 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal disease caused by pulmonary vascular remodeling, with a high incidence and mortality. At present, many clinical drugs for treating PAH mainly exert effects by relaxing the pulmonary artery, with limited therapeutic effects, so the search for viable therapeutic agents continues uninterrupted. In recent years, natural flavonoids have shown promising potential in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. It is necessary to comprehensively elucidate the potential of natural flavonoids to combat PAH. PURPOSE To evaluate the potential of natural flavonoids to hinder or slow down the occurrence and development of PAH, and to identify promising drug discovery candidates. METHODS Literature was collected from PubMed, Science Direct, Web of science, CNKI databases and Google scholar. The search terms used included "pulmonary arterial hypertension", "pulmonary hypertension", "natural products", "natural flavonoids", "traditional chinese medicine", etc., and several combinations of these keywords. RESULTS The resources, structural characteristics, mechanisms, potential and prospect strategies of natural flavonoids for treating PAH were summarized. Natural flavonoids offer different solutions as possible treatments for PAH. These mechanisms may involve various pathways and molecular targets related to the pathogenesis of PAH, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, vascular remodeling, genetic, ion channels, cell proliferation and autophagy. In addition, prospect strategies of natural flavonoids for anti-PAH including structural modification and nanomaterial delivery systems have been explored. This review suggests that the potential of natural flavonoids as alternative therapeutic agents in the prevention and treatment of PAH holds promise for future research and clinical applications. CONCLUSION Despite displaying the enormous potential of flavonoids in PAH, some limitations need to be further explored. Firstly, using advanced drug discovery tools, including computer-aided design and high-throughput screening, to further investigate the safety, biological activity, and precise mechanism of action of flavonoids. Secondly, exploring the structural modifications of these compounds is expected to optimize their efficacy. Lastly, it is necessary to conduct well controlled clinical trials and a comprehensive evaluation of potential side effects to determine their effectiveness and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Jing Zhang
- Department of pharmacy, Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Mao-Mao
- Department of pharmacy, Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Min-Min Shao
- Department of pharmacy, Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Meng-Chuan Wang
- Department of pharmacy, Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, China.
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14
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Nesci S, Algieri C, Tallarida MA, Stanzione R, Marchi S, Pietrangelo D, Trombetti F, D'Ambrosio L, Forte M, Cotugno M, Nunzi I, Bigi R, Maiuolo L, De Nino A, Pinton P, Romeo G, Rubattu S. Molecular mechanisms of naringenin modulation of mitochondrial permeability transition acting on F 1F O-ATPase and counteracting saline load-induced injury in SHRSP cerebral endothelial cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2024; 103:151398. [PMID: 38368729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2024.151398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Naringenin (NRG) was characterized for its ability to counteract mitochondrial dysfunction which is linked to cardiovascular diseases. The F1FO-ATPase can act as a molecular target of NRG. The interaction of NRG with this enzyme can avoid the energy transmission mechanism of ATP hydrolysis, especially in the presence of Ca2+ cation used as cofactor. Indeed, NRG was a selective inhibitor of the hydrophilic F1 domain displaying a binding site overlapped with quercetin in the inside surface of an annulus made by the three α and the three β subunits arranged alternatively in a hexamer. The kinetic constant of inhibition suggested that NRG preferred the enzyme activated by Ca2+ rather than the F1FO-ATPase activated by the natural cofactor Mg2+. From the inhibition type mechanism of NRG stemmed the possibility to speculate that NRG can prevent the activation of F1FO-ATPase by Ca2+. The event correlated to the protective role in the mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening by NRG as well as to the reduction of ROS production probably linked to the NRG chemical structure with antioxidant action. Moreover, in primary cerebral endothelial cells (ECs) obtained from stroke prone spontaneously hypertensive rats NRG had a protective effect on salt-induced injury by restoring cell viability and endothelial cell tube formation while also rescuing complex I activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Nesci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia 40064, Italy.
| | - Cristina Algieri
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia 40064, Italy
| | | | | | - Saverio Marchi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona 60126, Italy
| | - Donatella Pietrangelo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00189, Italy
| | - Fabiana Trombetti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia 40064, Italy
| | - Luca D'Ambrosio
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina 04100, Italy
| | | | | | - Ilaria Nunzi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona 60126, Italy
| | - Rachele Bigi
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs, Sapienza University, Rome 00189, Italy
| | - Loredana Maiuolo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Cosenza 87036, Italy
| | - Antonio De Nino
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Cosenza 87036, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Translational Research Center, Maria Cecilia Hospital GVM Care & Research, Cotignola 48033, Italy; Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Giovanni Romeo
- Medical Genetics Unit, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Speranza Rubattu
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli 86077, Italy; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00189, Italy
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15
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Lai YJ, Chang SH, Tung YC, Chang GJ, Almeida CD, Chen WJ, Yeh YH, Tsai FC. Naringin activates semaphorin 3A to ameliorate TGF-β-induced endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition related to atrial fibrillation. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31248. [PMID: 38501506 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The loss of semaphorin 3A (Sema3A), which is related to endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in atrial fibrosis, is implicated in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). To explore the mechanisms by which EndMT affects atrial fibrosis and assess the potential of a Sema3A activator (naringin) to prevent atrial fibrosis by targeting transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)-induced EndMT, we used human atria, isolated human atrial endocardial endothelial cells (AEECs), and used transgenic mice expressing TGF-β specifically in cardiac tissues (TGF-β transgenic mice). We evaluated an EndMT marker (Twist), a proliferation marker (proliferating cell nuclear antigen; PCNA), and an endothelial cell (EC) marker (CD31) through triple immunohistochemistry and confirmed that both EndMT and EC proliferation contribute to atrial endocardial fibrosis during AF in TGF-β transgenic mice and AF patient tissue sections. Additionally, we investigated the impact of naringin on EndMT and EC proliferation in AEECs and atrial fibroblasts. Naringin exhibited an antiproliferative effect, to which AEECs were more responsive. Subsequently, we downregulated Sema3A in AEECs using small interfering RNA to clarify a correlation between the reduction in Sema3A and the elevation of EndMT markers. Naringin treatment induced the expression of Sema3A and a concurrent decrease in EndMT markers. Furthermore, naringin administration ameliorated AF and endocardial fibrosis in TGF-β transgenic mice by stimulating Sema3A expression, inhibiting EndMT markers, reducing atrial fibrosis, and lowering AF vulnerability. This suggests therapeutic potential for naringin in AF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ju Lai
- Cardiovascular Department, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Respiratory Care, Chang-Gung University of Science and Technology, Chia-Yi, Puzi, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Hung Chang
- Cardiovascular Department, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University Tao-Yuan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chang Tung
- Cardiovascular Department, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University Tao-Yuan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Gwo-Jyh Chang
- Cardiovascular Department, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University Tao-Yuan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Celina De Almeida
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University Tao-Yuan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jan Chen
- Cardiovascular Department, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University Tao-Yuan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsin Yeh
- Cardiovascular Department, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University Tao-Yuan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chun Tsai
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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16
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Liu Y, Tang X, Yuan H, Gao R. Naringin Inhibits Macrophage Foam Cell Formation by Regulating Lipid Homeostasis and Metabolic Phenotype. Nutrients 2024; 16:1321. [PMID: 38732567 PMCID: PMC11085135 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Imbalances in lipid uptake and efflux and inflammation are major contributors to foam cell formation, which is considered a therapeutic target to protect against atherosclerosis. Naringin, a citrus flavonoid abundant in citrus fruits, has been reported to exert an antiatherogenic function, but its pharmacological mechanism is unclear. Naringin treatment effectively inhibits foam cell formation in THP-1 and RAW264.7 macrophages. In this study, mechanically, naringin maintained lipid homeostasis within macrophages through downregulation of the key genes for lipid uptake (MSR1 and CD36) and the upregulation of ABCA1, ABCG1 and SR-B1, which are responsible for cholesterol efflux. Meanwhile, naringin significantly decreased the cholesterol synthesis-related genes and increased the genes involved in cholesterol metabolism. Subsequently, the results showed that ox-LDL-induced macrophage inflammatory responses were inhibited by naringin by reducing the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, and increasing the anti- inflammatory cytokine IL-10, which was further verified by the downregulation of pro-inflammatory and chemokine-related genes. Additionally, we found that naringin reprogrammed the metabolic phenotypes of macrophages by suppressing glycolysis and promoting lipid oxidation metabolism to restore macrophage phenotypes and functions. These results suggest that naringin is a potential drug for the treatment of AS as it inhibits macrophage foam cell formation by regulating metabolic phenotypes and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing 100142, China; (Y.L.); (X.T.); (H.Y.)
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiaohan Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing 100142, China; (Y.L.); (X.T.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hailong Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing 100142, China; (Y.L.); (X.T.); (H.Y.)
| | - Rong Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing 100142, China; (Y.L.); (X.T.); (H.Y.)
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17
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Zamanian MY, Golmohammadi M, Abdullaev B, García MO, Alazbjee AAA, Kumar A, Mohaamed SS, Hussien BM, Khalaj F, Hodaei SM, Shirsalimi N, Moriasi G. A narrative review on therapeutic potential of naringenin in colorectal cancer: Focusing on molecular and biochemical processes. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4011. [PMID: 38583080 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common and highly metastatic cancer affecting people worldwide. Drug resistance and unwanted side effects are some of the limitations of current treatments for CRC. Naringenin (NAR) is a naturally occurring compound found in abundance in various citrus fruits such as oranges, grapefruits, and tomatoes. It possesses a diverse range of pharmacological and biological properties that are beneficial for human health. Numerous studies have highlighted its antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities, making it a subject of interest in scientific research. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the effects of NAR on CRC. The study's findings indicated that NAR: (1) interacts with estrogen receptors, (2) regulates the expression of genes related to the p53 signaling pathway, (3) promotes apoptosis by increasing the expression of proapoptotic genes (Bax, caspase9, and p53) and downregulation of the antiapoptotic gene Bcl2, (4) inhibits the activity of enzymes involved in cell survival and proliferation, (5) decreases cyclin D1 levels, (6) reduces the expression of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk4, Cdk6, and Cdk7) and antiapoptotic genes (Bcl2, x-IAP, and c-IAP-2) in CRC cells. In vitro CDK2 binding assay was also performed, showing that the NAR derivatives had better inhibitory activities on CDK2 than NAR. Based on the findings of this study, NAR is a potential therapeutic agent for CRC. Additional pharmacology and pharmacokinetics studies are required to fully elucidate the mechanisms of action of NAR and establish the most suitable dose for subsequent clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yasin Zamanian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Bekhzod Abdullaev
- Central Asian Center of Development Studies, New Uzbekistan University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- School of Medicine, Central Asian University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- Department of Medical Oncology and Radiology, Samarkand State Medical University
| | - María Olalla García
- Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y del Ser Humano, Carrera de Enfermería, CP, Guaranda, Ecuador
| | | | - Abhinav Kumar
- Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia Boris Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Sameer S Mohaamed
- Department of Pharmacy, Al Rafidain University College, Bagdad, Iraq
| | - Beneen M Hussien
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, the Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Fattaneh Khalaj
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Niyousha Shirsalimi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Gervason Moriasi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya
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18
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de Cássia Vilhena da Silva R, Dada A, Lucietti Dick S, Odebrecht Cavichiolo M, Zanovello M, Cechinel Filho V, de Souza P. Naringen's Effects on Diuresis and Prevention of Urolithiasis in Hypertensive Rats. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400175. [PMID: 38345349 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
This research demonstrates the diuretic effect of naringenin, a flavanone aglycone found in citrus, on spontaneously hypertensive female and male rats (SHR). The data reinforces existing literature findings that male SHR exhibits higher systolic blood pressure than age-matched females. Urine volume assessed over 8 hours was lower when obtained from SHR males than females. When these animals were orally treated with different doses of naringenin (0.1-1 mg/kg), this increased urinary volume in both genders at the highest dose tested. In contrast, the lowest dose promoted a significant natriuretic effect. The other electrolytes analyzed in urine were not significantly altered, except potassium excretion, which was shown to be increased in the urine of SHR males. Furthermore, naringenin showed promise in reducing calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal formation in an in vitro model, presenting potential advantages in lithiasis prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita de Cássia Vilhena da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Rua Uruguai, 458, Centro, 88302-901, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Anelize Dada
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Rua Uruguai, 458, Centro, 88302-901, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Lucietti Dick
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Rua Uruguai, 458, Centro, 88302-901, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Martina Odebrecht Cavichiolo
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Rua Uruguai, 458, Centro, 88302-901, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Mariana Zanovello
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Rua Uruguai, 458, Centro, 88302-901, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Valdir Cechinel Filho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Rua Uruguai, 458, Centro, 88302-901, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Priscila de Souza
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Núcleo de Investigações Químico-Farmacêuticas (NIQFAR), Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Rua Uruguai, 458, Centro, 88302-901, Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Fakhri S, Moradi SZ, Faraji F, Kooshki L, Webber K, Bishayee A. Modulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 signaling pathways in cancer angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis by natural compounds: a comprehensive and critical review. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:501-574. [PMID: 37792223 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10136-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells employ multiple signaling mediators to escape the hypoxic condition and trigger angiogenesis and metastasis. As a critical orchestrate of tumorigenic conditions, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is responsible for stimulating several target genes and dysregulated pathways in tumor invasion and migration. Therefore, targeting HIF-1 pathway and cross-talked mediators seems to be a novel strategy in cancer prevention and treatment. In recent decades, tremendous efforts have been made to develop multi-targeted therapies to modulate several dysregulated pathways in cancer angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. In this line, natural compounds have shown a bright future in combating angiogenic and metastatic conditions. Among the natural secondary metabolites, we have evaluated the critical potential of phenolic compounds, terpenes/terpenoids, alkaloids, sulfur compounds, marine- and microbe-derived agents in the attenuation of HIF-1, and interconnected pathways in fighting tumor-associated angiogenesis and invasion. This is the first comprehensive review on natural constituents as potential regulators of HIF-1 and interconnected pathways against cancer angiogenesis and metastasis. This review aims to reshape the previous strategies in cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Faraji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Leila Kooshki
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6714415153, Iran
| | - Kassidy Webber
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 5000 Lakewood Ranch Boulevard, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 5000 Lakewood Ranch Boulevard, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
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20
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Liu J, Li F, Ouyang Y, Su Z, Chen D, Liang Z, Zhang Z, Lin R, Luo T, Guo L. Naringin-induced M2 macrophage polarization facilitates osteogenesis of BMSCs and improves cranial bone defect healing in rat. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 753:109890. [PMID: 38246327 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.109890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Osteoimmunology has uncovered the critical role of the immune microenvironment in the bone healing process, with macrophages playing a central part in generating immune responses via chemokine production. Naringin, a flavanone glycoside extracted from various plants, has been shown to promote osteoblast differentiation, thereby enhancing bone formation and mitigating osteoporosis progression. Current research on the osteogenic mechanism primarily focuses on the direct impact of naringin on mesenchymal stem cells, while its indirect immunoregulatory effects remain elusive. In this study, we investigated the bone defect-enhancing effects of varying naringin concentrations in vivo using a cranial bone defect model in Sprague-Dawley rats. We assessed the osteoimmune modulation capacity of naringin by exposing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages to different doses of naringin. To further elucidate the underlying osteogenic enhancement mechanism, Bone Marrow Stromal Cells (BMSCs) derived from mice were treated with conditioned media from naringin-treated macrophages. Our findings indicated that naringin promotes M2 phenotype polarization in macrophages, as evidenced by the downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL)-1β, and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α, and the upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokine Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β. Transcriptome analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in osteoblast differentiation and anti-inflammatory response pathways in naringin-pretreated macrophages, with the cytokines signaling pathway being upregulated. The conditioned media from naringin-treated macrophages stimulated the expression of osteogenic-related genes Alkaline phosphatase (Alp), osteocalcin (Ocn), osteopontin (Opn), and Runt-related transcription factor (Runx) 2, as well as protein expression in BMSCs. In conclusion, naringin alleviates macrophage inflammation by promoting M2 phenotype polarization, which in turn enhances the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, contributing to its bone healing effects in vivo. These results suggest that naringin holds significant potential for improving bone defect healing through osteoimmune modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaohong Liu
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fuyao Li
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanting Ouyang
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhikang Su
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ding Chen
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zitian Liang
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyi Zhang
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruofei Lin
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lvhua Guo
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Chang X, Fang X, Yao Y, Xu Z, Wu C, Lu L. Identification and Characterization of Glycosyltransferases Involved in the Biosynthesis of Neodiosmin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:4348-4357. [PMID: 38354268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Glycosylation plays a very important role in plant secondary metabolic modifications. Neodiosmin, identified as diosmetin-7-O-neohesperidoside, not only acts to mitigate bitterness and enhance the flavor of food but also serves as a pivotal metabolite that reinforces plant immunity. Investigating its biosynthetic pathway in plants is crucial for optimizing fruit quality and fortifying plant immune responses. In this study, through analysis of transcriptomic data from Astilbe chinensis, we identified two novel uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs): Ach14791 (AcUGT73C18), responsible for flavonoid 7-O-glycosylation and Ach15849 (AcUGT79B37), involved in flavonoid-7-O-glucoside-2″-O-rhamnosylation. By delving into enzymatic properties and catalytic promiscuity, we developed a biosynthesis route of neodiosmin by establishing a one-pot enzyme-catalyzed cascade reaction. Simultaneously, lonicerin and rhoifolin were also successfully synthesized using the same one-pot dual-enzyme catalytic reaction. Taken together, our findings not only identified two novel UGTs involved in neodiosmin biosynthesis but also provided important biocatalytic components for the microorganism-based biosynthesis of flavonoid-7-O-disaccharide compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosa Chang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xueting Fang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhenni Xu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chaoyan Wu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430071, China
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22
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Azeredo PDS, Fan D, Murphy EA, Carver WE. Potential of Plant-Derived Compounds in Preventing and Reversing Organ Fibrosis and the Underlying Mechanisms. Cells 2024; 13:421. [PMID: 38474385 PMCID: PMC10930795 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Increased production of extracellular matrix is a necessary response to tissue damage and stress. In a normal healing process, the increase in extracellular matrix is transient. In some instances; however, the increase in extracellular matrix can persist as fibrosis, leading to deleterious alterations in organ structure, biomechanical properties, and function. Indeed, fibrosis is now appreciated to be an important cause of mortality and morbidity. Extensive research has illustrated that fibrosis can be slowed, arrested or even reversed; however, few drugs have been approved specifically for anti-fibrotic treatment. This is in part due to the complex pathways responsible for fibrogenesis and the undesirable side effects of drugs targeting these pathways. Natural products have been utilized for thousands of years as a major component of traditional medicine and currently account for almost one-third of drugs used clinically worldwide. A variety of plant-derived compounds have been demonstrated to have preventative or even reversal effects on fibrosis. This review will discuss the effects and the underlying mechanisms of some of the major plant-derived compounds that have been identified to impact fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia dos Santos Azeredo
- Laboratory of Atherosclerosis, Thrombosis and Cell Therapy, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas—UNICAMP Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil;
| | - Daping Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA;
| | - E. Angela Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA;
| | - Wayne E. Carver
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA;
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23
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Peng Y, Qu R, Xu S, Bi H, Guo D. Regulatory mechanism and therapeutic potentials of naringin against inflammatory disorders. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24619. [PMID: 38317884 PMCID: PMC10839891 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Naringin is a natural flavonoid with therapeutic properties found in citrus fruits and an active natural product from herbal plants. Naringin has become a focus of attention in recent years because of its ability to actively participate in the body's immune response and maintain the integrity of the immune barrier. This review aims to elucidate the mechanism of action and therapeutic efficacy of naringin in various inflammatory diseases and to provide a valuable reference for further research in this field. The review provided the chemical structure, bioavailability, pharmacological properties, and pharmacokinetics of naringin and found that naringin has good therapeutic potential for inflammatory diseases, exerting anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative stress, anti-ulcerative and detoxifying effects in the disease. Moreover, we found that the great advantage of naringin treatment is that it is safe and can even alleviate the toxic side effects associated with some of the other drugs, which may become a highlight of naringin research. Naringin, an active natural product, plays a significant role in systemic diseases' anti-inflammatory and antioxidant regulation through various signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Peng
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Ruyi Qu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Shuqin Xu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Hongsheng Bi
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Dadong Guo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and Therapy, Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China
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24
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Liu S, Zhong M, Wu H, Su W, Wang Y, Li P. Potential Beneficial Effects of Naringin and Naringenin on Long COVID-A Review of the Literature. Microorganisms 2024; 12:332. [PMID: 38399736 PMCID: PMC10892048 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused a severe epidemic due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Recent studies have found that patients do not completely recover from acute infections, but instead, suffer from a variety of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, known as long COVID. The effects of long COVID can be far-reaching, with a duration of up to six months and a range of symptoms such as cognitive dysfunction, immune dysregulation, microbiota dysbiosis, myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, myocarditis, pulmonary fibrosis, cough, diabetes, pain, reproductive dysfunction, and thrombus formation. However, recent studies have shown that naringenin and naringin have palliative effects on various COVID-19 sequelae. Flavonoids such as naringin and naringenin, commonly found in fruits and vegetables, have various positive effects, including reducing inflammation, preventing viral infections, and providing antioxidants. This article discusses the molecular mechanisms and clinical effects of naringin and naringenin on treating the above diseases. It proposes them as potential drugs for the treatment of long COVID, and it can be inferred that naringin and naringenin exhibit potential as extended long COVID medications, in the future likely serving as nutraceuticals or clinical supplements for the comprehensive alleviation of the various manifestations of COVID-19 complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Liu
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-Evaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (H.W.); (W.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Mengli Zhong
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-Evaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (H.W.); (W.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Hao Wu
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-Evaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (H.W.); (W.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Weiwei Su
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-Evaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (H.W.); (W.S.); (Y.W.)
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525000, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-Evaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (H.W.); (W.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Peibo Li
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-Evaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (S.L.); (M.Z.); (H.W.); (W.S.); (Y.W.)
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Shackebaei D, Hesari M, Ramezani-Aliakbari S, Pashaei M, Yarmohammadi F, Ramezani-Aliakbari F. Cardioprotective effect of naringin against the ischemia/reperfusion injury of aged rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1209-1218. [PMID: 37650890 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02692-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Aging is known as a main risk factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Naringin (NRG) is a flavonoid compound derived from citrus fruits. It possesses a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties, including antioxidant anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective. This investigation aimed to assess the cardioprotective effect of NRG against the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in aged rats. In this study, D-galactose (D-GAL) at the dose of 150 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks was used to induce aging in rats. Rats were orally gavaged with NRG (40 or 100 mg/kg/day), in co-treatment with D-GAL, for 8 weeks. The Langendorff isolated heart was used to evaluate the effect of NRG on I/R injury in aged rats. NRG treatment diminished myocardial hypertrophy and maximum contracture level in aged animals. During the pre-ischemic phase, reduced heart rate was normalized by NRG. The effects of D-GAL on the left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVDP), the rate pressure product (RPP), and the minimum and maximum rate of left ventricular pressure (±dp/dt) improved by NRG treatment in the perfusion period. NRG also enhanced post-ischemic recovery of cardiac functional parameters (± dp/dt, and RPP) in isolated hearts. An increase in serum levels of the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), the creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), and the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were reversed by NRG in aged rats. It also normalized the D-GAL-decreased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the heart tissue. NRG treatment alleviated cardiac injury in aged hearts under conditions of I/R. NRG may improve aging-induced cardiac dysfunction through anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dareuosh Shackebaei
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahvash Hesari
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Soudabeh Ramezani-Aliakbari
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mosayeb Pashaei
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yarmohammadi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani-Aliakbari
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Deepika, Dakal TC, Sharma NK, Ranga V, Maurya PK. Naringenin Orchestrates and Regulates the Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Pathways and Proinflammatory Signaling: Targeting Hallmarks of Aging-Associated Disorders. Rejuvenation Res 2024; 27:3-16. [PMID: 38308480 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2023.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic application of flavonoids in the management of infectious diseases, cancers, chronic wounds, aging, and neurodegenerative disorders has been well documented in scientific literature. The citric flavonoid naringenin comes under the category of flavanone and exhibits a plethora of health benefits. Very few flavonoids such as curcumin, resveratrol, catechin, quercetin, and kaempferol have been studied to exert their anti-aging properties in humans. The effect of naringenin in the context of age-associated disorders in detail has not been elucidated yet. The databases used for the literature search were Science Direct, Google Scholar, and PubMed. More emphasis has been put on the recent literature on "naringenin" and its effect on "age-associated disorders." Almost all chronic degenerative disorders are characterized by oxidative stress and inflammatory response. The study aims at highlighting the reactive oxygen species-mediated activity of naringenin and the underlying molecular mechanism leading to the prevention of various age-associated disorders. Altogether, the review presents a systematic comprehension of the pharmaceutical and clinicopathological benefits of naringenin in age-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, INDIA
| | - Tikam Chand Dakal
- Genome and Computational Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Narendra Kumar Sharma
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vipin Ranga
- DBT-NECAB, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, India
| | - Pawan Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, INDIA
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Kankılıç NA, Şimşek H, Akaras N, Gür C, İleritürk M, Küçükler S, Akarsu SA, Kandemir FM. Protective effects of naringin on colistin-induced damage in rat testicular tissue: Modulating the levels of Nrf-2/HO-1, AKT-2/FOXO1A, Bax/Bcl2/Caspase-3, and Beclin-1/LC3A/LC3B signaling pathways. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23643. [PMID: 38348713 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial agent resistance has become a growing health issue across the world. Colistin (COL) is one of the drugs used in the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacteria resulting in toxic effects. Naringin (NRG), a natural flavonoid, has come to the fore as its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities. The aim of the present study was to determine whether NRG has protective effects on COL-induced toxicity in testicular tissue. Thirty-five male Spraque rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 7 per group): Control, COL, NRG, COL + NRG 50, COL + NRG 100. COL (15 mg/kg b.w., i.p., once per/day), and NRG (50 or 100 mg/kg, oral, b.w./once per/day) were administered for 7 days. The parameters of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagic damage were evaluated by using biochemical, molecular, western blot, and histological methods in testicular issues. NRG treatment reversed the increased malondialdehyde level and reduced antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione) levels due to COL administration (p < 0.001), and oxidative stress damage was mitigated. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 pathway, one of the antioxidant defence systems, was stimulated by NRG (p < 0.001). NRG treatment reduced the levels of markers for the pathways of apoptotic (p < 0.001) and autophagic (p < 0.001) damages induced by COL. Sperm viability and the live/dead ratio were reduced by COL but enhanced by NRG treatment. Testicular tissue integrity was damaged by COL but showed a tendency to improve by NRG. In conclusion, COL exhibited toxic effect on testicular tissue by elevating the levels of oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, and tissue damage. NRG demonstrated a protective effect by alleviating toxic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hasan Şimşek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Nurhan Akaras
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Cihan Gür
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mustafa İleritürk
- Department of Animal Science, Horasan Vocational College, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sefa Küçükler
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Serkan A Akarsu
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatih M Kandemir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
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Wei X, Jing J, Huang R, Zhou T, Wu L, Ou G, Wu Y, Hu J, Zhu W, Wu Y, Li Y, Zhang S, You Z. QFAE-nB alleviates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting the STING pathway in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117295. [PMID: 37806536 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is an irreversible lung disease that severely affects human respiratory function. Traditionally, the natural plant Quzhou Fructus Arantii (QFA) has therapeutic effects on respiratory diseases. However, the effects and the mechanism of anti-fibrotic have not been elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, QFAE-nB was extracted from QFA, the aims of this study include understanding the correlation between Bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF and STING pathway in mice, as well as exploring the role and mechanisms of QFAE-nB in the treatment of PF. MATERIALS AND METHODS QFAE-nB was extracted from QFA, six main chemical components in QFAE-nB were identified by HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS, and quantitative analysis was conducted by HPLC. qPCR and Western blot were used to verify the molecular mechanism of QFAE-nB, and the anti-fibrotic effect of QFAE-nB was determined by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Masson staining as well as immunohistochemistry. TREX1-KO and STING-KO mice were used to verify the relationship between STING and PF and the important target action of QFAE-nB. RESULTS Six main flavonoids in QFAE-nB were identified as eriocitrin (0.76%), neoeriocitrin (2.79%), narirutin (4.31%), naringin (35.41%), hesperidin (1.74%), and neohesperidin (27.18%). The results showed that BLM-induced PF was associated with its exacerbated release of proinflammatory factors and chemokines in lung tissues. In addition, QFAE-nB alleviated BLM-induced lung fibrosis in mice by inhibiting the activation of the STING signaling pathway and reducing the signal transduction of TBK1-IRF3 and TBK1-NF-κB pathways. Notably, knockout of the TREX1 gene caused massive inflammation and even induced PF in the lung tissues, whereas QFAE-nB effectively alleviated inflammation and reduced PF. The deletion of the STING gene suppressed BLM-induced PF and inflammation, but STING-KO mice treated with QFAE-nB showed even lower expression levels of proinflammatory factors and chemokine. CONCLUSIONS The STING pathway plays an important role in PF, and QFAE-nB alleviates PF by mainly targeting the inhibition of the STING pathway to reduce inflammation. Together, the study paves the way for targeting the STING pathway in PF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Wei
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China; Key Discipline of Zhejiang Province in Public Health and Preventive Medicine (First Class, Category A), Hangzhou Medical College, China
| | - Junsong Jing
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China; Key Discipline of Zhejiang Province in Public Health and Preventive Medicine (First Class, Category A), Hangzhou Medical College, China
| | - Rongrong Huang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China; Key Discipline of Zhejiang Province in Public Health and Preventive Medicine (First Class, Category A), Hangzhou Medical College, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lianhao Wu
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China; Key Discipline of Zhejiang Province in Public Health and Preventive Medicine (First Class, Category A), Hangzhou Medical College, China
| | - Guoteng Ou
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China; Key Discipline of Zhejiang Province in Public Health and Preventive Medicine (First Class, Category A), Hangzhou Medical College, China
| | - Youping Wu
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjin Hu
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China; Key Discipline of Zhejiang Province in Public Health and Preventive Medicine (First Class, Category A), Hangzhou Medical College, China
| | - Wenwen Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yueguo Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Center for Safety Evaluation and Research, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhenqiang You
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China; Key Discipline of Zhejiang Province in Public Health and Preventive Medicine (First Class, Category A), Hangzhou Medical College, China.
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Zhang Y, Guo Z, Wang J, Yue Y, Yang Y, Wen Y, Luo Y, Zhang X. Qinlian hongqu decoction ameliorates hyperlipidemia via the IRE1-α/IKKB-β/NF-κb signaling pathway: Network pharmacology and experimental validation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116856. [PMID: 37406747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Qinlian Hongqu decoction (QLHQD) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula. It has previously been found to mitigate hyperlipidemia, although its mechanism requires further clarification. AIM OF THE STUDY This study explored QLHQD's mechanism in treating hyperlipidemia based on network pharmacology and experimental validation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The components of QLHQD were analyzed by means of ultrahigh performanceliquid chromatography-quadrupole/orbitrapmass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS) and the targets of hyperlipidemia were predicted using the Swiss ADME, GeneCards, OMIM, DrugBank, TTD, and PharmGKB databases. A drug-component-target-disease network was constructed using Cytoscape v3.7.1. Moreover, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses were performed using the Bioinformatics platform. Based on the KEGG results, the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease signaling pathways were selected for experimental validation in an animal model. RESULTS We identified 34 components of QLHQD, 94 targets of hyperlipidemia, and 18 lipid metabolism-related pathways from the KEGG analysis. The results of the animal experiment revealed that QLHQD alleviated lipid metabolism disorders, obesity, insulin resistance, and inflammation in rats with hyperlipidemia induced by high-fat diets. Additionally, it reduced the expression of IRE1-α, TRAF2, IKKB-β, and NF-κB proteins in the liver of hyperlipidemic rats. CONCLUSION QLHQD is able to significantly mitigate hyperlipidemia induced via high-fat diets in rats. The mechanism of action in this regard might involve regulating the IRE1-α/IKKB-β/NF-κB signaling pathway in the liver, thereby attenuating inflammatory responses and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhiqing Guo
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Computer Science, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yue
- Department of Ultrasound, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yueqiang Wen
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yaqi Luo
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
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Zhang X, Yin T, Wang Y, Du J, Dou J, Zhang X. Effects of scutellarin on the mechanism of cardiovascular diseases: a review. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1329969. [PMID: 38259289 PMCID: PMC10800556 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1329969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases represent a significant worldwide problem, jeopardizing individuals' physical and mental wellbeing as well as their quality of life as a result of their widespread incidence and fatality. With the aging society, the occurrence of Cardiovascular diseases is progressively rising each year. However, although drugs developed for treating Cardiovascular diseases have clear targets and proven efficacy, they still carry certain toxic and side effect risks. Therefore, finding safe, effective, and practical treatment options is crucial. Scutellarin is the primary constituent of Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand-Mazz. This article aims to establish a theoretical foundation for the creation and use of secure, productive, and logical medications for Scutellarin in curing heart-related illnesses. Additionally, the examination and analysis of the signal pathway and its associated mechanisms with regard to the employment of SCU in treating heart diseases will impart innovative resolving concepts for the treatment and prevention of Cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhang
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Tong Yin
- First Clinical Medical School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yincang Wang
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jiazhe Du
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jinjin Dou
- Department of Cardiovascular, The First Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiwu Zhang
- Experimental Training Centre, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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Liu ST, Zha KJ, Li PJ, Gao JB, Zhang YG. Protective effect of naringin against radiation-induced heart disease in rats via Sirt1/NF-κB signaling pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14453. [PMID: 38230793 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
This study was designed to explore the protective effect and mechanism of naringin (NG) on radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) in rats. Rats were divided into four x-ray (XR) irradiation groups with different absorbed doses (0/10/15/20 Gy), or into three groups (control, XR, and XR + NG groups). Subsequently, the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus was adopted to assess and compare the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), left ventricular internal diameter at end diastole (LVIDd), and left ventricular internal diameter at end systole (LVIDs) in rats. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and Masson staining were applied to detect the pathological damage and fibrosis of heart tissue. Western blot was used to measure the expression levels of myocardial fibrosis-related proteins, endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins, and Sirt1 (silent information regulator 1)/NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-B) signaling pathway-related proteins in cardiac tissues. Additionally, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was utilized to detect the activities of pro-inflammatory cytokines, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in cardiac tissue. The results showed that NG treatment significantly attenuated the 20 Gy XR-induced decline of LVEF and LVFS and the elevation of LVIDs. Cardiac tissue damage and fibrosis caused by 20 Gy XR were significant improved after NG treatment. Meanwhile, in rats irradiated by XR, marked downregulation was identified in the expressions of fibrosis-related proteins (Col I, collagen type I; α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin; and TGF-β1, transforming growth factor-beta 1) and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins (GRP78, glucose regulatory protein 78; CHOP, C/EBP homologous protein; ATF6, activating transcription factor 6; and caspase 12) after NG treatment. Moreover, NG treatment also inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)], reduced the expression of MDA, and promoted the activities of SOD and CAT. Also, NG treatment promoted Sirt1 expression and inhibited p65 phosphorylation. Collectively, XR irradiation induced cardiac injury in rats in a dose-dependent manner. NG could improve the cardiac injury induced by XR irradiation by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and activating Sirt1/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ting Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Kai-Ji Zha
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Pei-Jie Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jian-Bo Gao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yong-Gao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Khalil WA, Sharaf AE, Khalifa EI, El-Harairy MA, Swelum AA, Abdelnour SA. Recent approaches in the use of antioxidants and proteomic modifications in ram semen preservation. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58:1639-1653. [PMID: 37786951 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Sperm preservation is a well-established technique in reproductive biotechnology that is widely used to maintain the genetic quality of male individuals. However, there are several factors during the preservation process that can affect the vitality, functionality, and quality of sperm, thereby reducing their fertility potential after thawing. One of these factors is the synthesis of high levels of oxidative stress (OS) during semen preservation, which can have detrimental effects on sperm health and functionality. To counter the negative impact of OS on sperm, researchers have explored the supplementation of several exogenous antioxidants in the extenders used to preserve ram sperm. This approach has shown promising results in improving sperm health, functionality, and fertility potential in ram. Additionally, the preservation process can induce modifications in the ram sperm proteome. By employing targeted proteomics techniques, researchers have been able to identify and modify specific proteins in cryopreserved ram sperm, potentially offering further improvements in the quality of the cryopreserved ram sperm. In summary, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the antioxidants and targeted proteomics modifications that have been investigated for enhancing ram sperm preservation. These advancements aim to mitigate the negative effects of OS and optimize the techniques used in preserving ram sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael A Khalil
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Asmaa E Sharaf
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ezz I Khalifa
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mostafa A El-Harairy
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sameh A Abdelnour
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Qin MC, Li JJ, Zheng YT, Li YJ, Zhang YX, Ou RX, He WY, Zhao JM, Liu ST, Liu MH, Lin HY, Gao L. Naringin ameliorates liver fibrosis in zebrafish by modulating IDO1-mediated lipid metabolism and inflammatory infiltration. Food Funct 2023; 14:10347-10361. [PMID: 37930368 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03858k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis (LF) is an important reparative process in response to acute or chronic hepatic injury, which has the potential to advance towards cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Dietary naringin consumption contributes to protection against LF in animal studies, while the exact protective mechanism of naringin remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms behind the potential protective effect of naringin against TAA-induced LF in zebrafish. In this study, we utilized zebrafish to create the LF model and investigate the therapeutic mechanism of naringin. Firstly, we evaluated the changes in hepatic fibrosis and lipid accumulation in the liver following naringin treatment with oil red O, Nile red, and Sirius red and immunohistochemistry. In addition, we employed an ROS probe to directly measure oxidative stress and monitor inflammatory cell migration in a zebrafish transgenic line. Morpholino was used in the knockdown of IDO1 in order to verify its vital role in LF. Our findings demonstrated that naringin exhibited anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic action in conjunction with a reversal in lipid accumulation, oxidative stress and suppression of macrophage infiltration and activation of hepatic stellate cells. Furthermore, the results showed that the antifibrotic effect of naringin was removed upon IDO1 knockdown, proving that naringin exerts a protective effect by regulating IDO1. Naringin demonstrates remarkable protective effects against LF, effectively counteracting inflammation and hepatic steatosis in zebrafish liver. These findings suggest that naringin may function as an effective IDO1 inhibitor, holding the potential for clinical translation as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of LF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Chen Qin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Jie Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Tao Zheng
- Emergency Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yun-Jia Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Xue Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rou-Xuan Ou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Yi He
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Min Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Su-Tong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Ming-Hao Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Hai-Yan Lin
- Shenzhen Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Lei Gao
- Emergency Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Araujo AMD, Cerqueira SVSD, Menezes-Filho JERD, Heimfarth L, Matos KKDOG, Mota KO, Conceição MRDL, Marques LP, Roman-Campos D, Santos-Neto AGD, Albuquerque-Júnior RLCD, Santos VCDO, Vasconcelos CMLD. Naringin improves post-ischemic myocardial injury by activation of K ATP channels. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 958:176069. [PMID: 37741428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Naringin (NRG) is a flavonoid with recognized cardioprotective effects. Then, it was investigated the cardioprotective mechanisms of NRG against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The rats were pretreated for 7 days (v.o.) with NRG (25 mg/kg) or n-acetylcysteine (NAC, 100 mg/kg) and their isolated hearts were subjected to global ischemia (30 min) and reperfusion (60 min). Furthermore, isolated hearts were perfused with 5 μM NRG in the presence of 10 μM glibenclamide (GLI) and subjected to I/R protocol. In healthy ventricular cardiomyocyte, it was evaluated the acute effect of 5 μM NRG on the GLI sensitive current. The results showed that NRG pretreatment restored the cardiac function and electrocardiogram (ECG) alterations induced by I/R injury, decreasing arrhythmia scores and the occurrence of severe arrhythmias. Lactate dehydrogenase and infarct area were decreased while superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and citrate synthase activities increased. Expression of SOD CuZn and SOD Mn not was altered. NRG treatment decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and lipid peroxidation without alter sulfhydryl groups and protein carbonylation. Also, NRG (5 μM) increased the glibenclamide sensitive current in isolated cardiomyocytes. In isolated heart, the cardioprotection of NRG was significantly reduced by GLI. Furthermore, NRG promoted downregulation of Bax expression and Bax/Bcl-2. Histopathological analysis showed that NRG decreased cell edema, cardiomyocytes and nucleus diameter. Thus, NRG has a cardioprotective effect against cardiac I/R injury which is mediated by its antioxidant and antiapoptotic actions and KATP channels activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luana Heimfarth
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Karina Oliveira Mota
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | | | - Danilo Roman-Campos
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zhang Y, Tian X, Teng A, Li Y, Jiao Y, Zhao K, Wang Y, Li R, Yang N, Wang W. Polyphenols and polyphenols-based biopolymer materials: Regulating iron absorption and availability from spontaneous to controllable. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:12341-12359. [PMID: 35852177 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2101092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Iron is an important trace element in the body, and it will seriously affect the body's normal operation if it is taken too much or too little. A large number of patients around the world are suffering from iron disorders. However, there are many problems using drugs to treat iron overload and causing prolonged and unbearable suffering for patients. Controlling iron absorption and utilization through diet is becoming the acceptable, safe and healthy method. At present, many literatures have reported that polyphenols can interact with iron ions and can be expected to chelate iron ions, depending on their types and structures. Besides, polyphenols often interact with other macromolecules in the diet, which may complicate this phenols-Fe behavior and give rise to the necessity of building phenolic based biopolymer materials. The biopolymer materials, constructed by self-assembly (non-covalent) or chemical modification (covalent), show excellent properties such as good permeability, targeting, biocompatibility, and high chelation ability. It is believed that this review can greatly facilitate the development of polyphenols-based biopolymer materials construction for regulating iron and improving the well-being of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaojing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Anguo Teng
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Li
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuzhen Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaixuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruonan Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenhang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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Du L, Lu H, Xiao Y, Guo Z, Li Y. Preparation, characterization and in vivo pharmacokinetic study of ginsenoside Rb1-PLGA nanoparticles. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18472. [PMID: 37891245 PMCID: PMC10611732 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45858-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to construct a Ginsenoside Rb1-PLGA nano drug delivery system, optimize its preparation process, characterize and evaluate the resulting Ginsenoside Rb1-PLGA Nanoparticles (GRb1@PLGA@NPs). GRb1@PLGA@NPs were prepared using the emulsion solvent evaporation method. The optimal preparation process was determined using Plackett-Burman design combined with Box-Behnken experiments. Physical characterization and in vitro release studies were conducted. LC-MS/MS technique was employed to investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of GRb1 and GRb1@PLGA@NPs in rat plasma. The optimal preparation process yielded GRb1@PLGA@NPs with a particle size of 120.63 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.172, zeta potential of - 22.67 mV, encapsulation efficiency of 75%, and drug loading of 11%. In vitro release demonstrated sustained drug release. Compared to GRb1, GRb1@PLGA@NPs exhibited a shortened time to peak concentration by approximately 0.72-fold. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve significantly increased to 4.58-fold of GRb1. GRb1@PLGA@NPs formulated using the optimal process exhibited uniform distribution and stable quality, its relative oral bioavailability was significantly improved compared to free GRb1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Du
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Huiling Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yifei Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Zhihua Guo
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Ya Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
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Li G, Feng X, Wang W, Li J, Shi Y, Wang L, Hu C. Synthesis and biological evaluation of chromanone-based derivatives as potential anti-neuroinflammatory agents. Bioorg Chem 2023; 139:106767. [PMID: 37552914 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
As a privileged scaffold, chromanone has been extensively introduced in the design of drug leads with diverse pharmacological features, particularly in the area of inflammatory diseases. Herein, the preparation of chromanone-based derivatives (4a-4i) was smoothly achieved, and their structures were characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and ESI-HRMS spectroscopy techniques. Out of them, analogue 4e exhibited the most potent inhibitory capacity against the NO release and iNOS expression, without apparent cytotoxicity. Our observations showed that 4e could dramatically prevent the translocation of NF-κB from the cytoplasm to nucleus, and decrease the production of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in LPS-induced BV-2 cells. Mechanistically, 4e significantly deactivated NF-κB by disturbing TLR4-mediated TAK1/NF-κB and PI3K/Akt signaling cascades. Consistent with the in vitro study, 4e could effectively mitigate the inflammation response of hippocampal tissue in LPS-induced mouse model by inhibiting microglial activation. Collectively, these results revealed 4e as a prospective neuroprotective candidate for the therapy of neuroinflammation-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Xiaoqing Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Wenqian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China; Analysis and Testing Center, NERC Biomass of Changzhou University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Yeye Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Caijuan Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China.
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Ajtony Z, Sik B, Csuti A. Examining the Naringin Content and Sensory Characteristics of Functional Chocolate Fortified with Grapefruit Peel Extract. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 78:533-538. [PMID: 37594558 PMCID: PMC10495487 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-023-01091-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Grapefruit peel contains a high concentration of naringin- a potent antioxidant with strong bioactive properties. In this study, a new type of functional chocolate fortified with grapefruit peel extract and different concentrations of aqueous methanol and ethanol were evaluated as extraction solvents. A new high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to analyze the naringin content of the fortified chocolates was developed with a recovery of 107% ± 3.1% and repeatability below 3.5%. A sensory evaluation was conducted to assess the preference for the chocolates among individuals who self-described a preference for bitter flavors. No significant preference was observed in the cases of astringency and aftertaste while the increased bitterness proved to be favorable. However, taste, flavor and overall acceptability were regarded somewhat less favorably. While chocolate proved to be a satisfactory carrier for naringin and had several enjoyable characteristics, further research may focus on improving the organoleptic properties of chocolates fortified by naringin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Ajtony
- Department of Food Science, Albert Casimir Faculty at Mosonmagyaróvár, Széchenyi István University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200, Hungary
| | - Beatrix Sik
- Department of Food Science, Albert Casimir Faculty at Mosonmagyaróvár, Széchenyi István University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200, Hungary.
| | - Aron Csuti
- Department of Food Science, Albert Casimir Faculty at Mosonmagyaróvár, Széchenyi István University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, Mosonmagyaróvár, 9200, Hungary
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He J, Zhang HP. Research progress on the anti-tumor effect of Naringin. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1217001. [PMID: 37663256 PMCID: PMC10469811 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1217001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Naringin is a kind of natural dihydro flavone, which mainly exists in citrus fruits of the Rutaceae family, as well as traditional Chinese medicines such as trifoliate orange, fingered citron, exocarpium citri grandis, and rhizoma dynamite. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Naringin has excellent anti-tumor activity. Through reviewing the relevant literature at home and abroad in recent years, we summarized the pharmacological mechanism of Naringin to play an anti-cancer role in blocking tumor cell cycle, inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inducing tumor cell apoptosis, inhibiting tumor cell invasion and metastasis, inducing tumor cell autophagy, reversing tumor cell drug resistance and enhancing chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity, as well as anti-inflammatory to prevent canceration, alleviate Adverse drug reaction of chemotherapy, activate and strengthen immunity, It provides theoretical basis and reference basis for further exploring the anticancer potential of Naringin and its further development and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hui-Ping Zhang
- Oncology Department, Jinan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Jinan, China
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Shilpa VS, Shams R, Dash KK, Pandey VK, Dar AH, Ayaz Mukarram S, Harsányi E, Kovács B. Phytochemical Properties, Extraction, and Pharmacological Benefits of Naringin: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:5623. [PMID: 37570594 PMCID: PMC10419872 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This review describes the various innovative approaches implemented for naringin extraction as well as the recent developments in the field. Naringin was assessed in terms of its structure, chemical composition, and potential food sources. How naringin works pharmacologically was discussed, including its potential as an anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective substance. Citrus flavonoids are crucial herbal additives that have a huge spectrum of organic activities. Naringin is a nutritional flavanone glycoside that has been shown to be effective in the treatment of a few chronic disorders associated with ageing. Citrus fruits contain a common flavone glycoside that has specific pharmacological and biological properties. Naringin, a flavone glycoside with a range of intriguing characteristics, is abundant in citrus fruits. Naringin has been shown to have a variety of biological, medicinal, and pharmacological effects. Naringin is hydrolyzed into rhamnose and prunin by the naringinase, which also possesses l-rhamnosidase activity. D-glucosidase subsequently catalyzes the hydrolysis of prunin into glucose and naringenin. Naringin is known for having anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and tumor-fighting effects. Numerous test animals and cell lines have been used to correlate naringin exposure to asthma, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, cancer, hyperthyroidism, and osteoporosis. This study focused on the many documented actions of naringin in in-vitro and in-vivo experimental and preclinical investigations, as well as its prospective therapeutic advantages, utilizing the information that is presently accessible in the literature. In addition to its pharmacokinetic characteristics, naringin's structure, distribution, different extraction methods, and potential use in the cosmetic, food, pharmaceutical, and animal feed sectors were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- VS Shilpa
- Department of Food Technology & Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144001, Punjab, India
| | - Rafeeya Shams
- Department of Food Technology & Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144001, Punjab, India
| | - Kshirod Kumar Dash
- Department of Food Processing Technology, Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering and Technology Malda, Malda 732141, West Bengal, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Pandey
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Axis Institute of Higher Education, Kanpur 209402, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aamir Hussain Dar
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora 192122, Kashmir, India
| | - Shaikh Ayaz Mukarram
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food Science and Environmental Management Institute of Food Science, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Endre Harsányi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food Science and Environmental Management, Institute of Land Utilization, Engineering and Precision Technology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Béla Kovács
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food Science and Environmental Management Institute of Food Science, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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Adetunji JA, Fasae KD, Awe AI, Paimo OK, Adegoke AM, Akintunde JK, Sekhoacha MP. The protective roles of citrus flavonoids, naringenin, and naringin on endothelial cell dysfunction in diseases. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17166. [PMID: 37484296 PMCID: PMC10361329 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The endothelial cells (ECs) make up the inner lining of blood vessels, acting as a barrier separating the blood and the tissues in several organs. ECs maintain endothelium integrity by controlling the constriction and relaxation of the vasculature, blood fluidity, adhesion, and migration. These actions of ECs are efficiently coordinated via an intricate signaling network connecting receptors, and a wide range of cellular macromolecules. ECs are naturally quiescent i.e.; they are not stimulated and do not proliferate. Upon infection or disease, ECs become activated, and this alteration is pivotal in the pathogenesis of a spectrum of human neurological, cardiovascular, diabetic, cancerous, and viral diseases. Considering the central position that ECs play in disease pathogenesis, therapeutic options have been targeted at improving ECs integrity, assembly, functioning, and health. The dietary intake of flavonoids present in citrus fruits has been associated with a reduced risk of endothelium dysfunction. Naringenin (NGN) and Naringin (NAR), major flavonoids in grapefruit, tomatoes, and oranges possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties, and cell survival potentials, which improve the health of the vascular endothelium. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary and present the advances in understanding of the mechanisms through which NGN and NAR modulate the biomarkers of vascular dysfunction and protect the endothelium against unresolved inflammation, oxidative stress, atherosclerosis, and angiogenesis. We also provide perspectives and suggest further studies that will help assess the efficacy of citrus flavonoids in the therapeutics of human vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy A. Adetunji
- Nutritional and Industrial Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Kehinde D. Fasae
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
| | - Ayobami I. Awe
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington DC, USA
| | - Oluwatomiwa K. Paimo
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Ayodeji M. Adegoke
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200005, Nigeria
| | - Jacob K. Akintunde
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Mamello P. Sekhoacha
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
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Huang R, Wang B, He J, Zhang Z, Xie R, Li S, Li Q, Tian C, Tuo Y, Zheng R, Chen W, Xiang M. Lian-Qu formula treats metabolic syndrome via reducing fat synthesis, insulin resistance and inflammation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 306:116060. [PMID: 36535333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a pathological condition characterized by obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension and hyperlipidemia that increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The traditional Chinese medicine Lian-Qu formula (LQF) is modified from Xiaoxianxiong decoction, which has been used for coronary heart disease or metabolic disease in clinical for a long time. However, the pharmacological mechanism of LQF on MetS is unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY Here, we explored the actions of LQF on MetS via network pharmacology and validated the mechanism in the MetS mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical components of LQF were searched in the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and the natural product activity & species source database. The related targets of MetS disease were gathered from genes cluster with literature profiles database. The protein-protein interaction network was constructed to obtain the key target genes. The Gene Ontology analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment of the key targets were performed to predict the potential mechanisms of LQF action on MetS. And then, the high-fat diet-induced MetS mice were used to validate its therapeutic effect and molecular targets. Insulin tolerance test and oral glucose tolerance test were used to assess insulin sensitivity. Body weight and visceral fat index were measured to assess obesity. Liver metabolism was detected by H&E section, oil red O staining and untargeted lipid metabolomics experiments. Finally, the key targets of LQF action on MetS were verified by PCR and ELISA kits. RESULTS A total of 466 components in LQF were obtained, among which 71 were active. These components correspond to 74 targets associated with MetS. The predicted targets of LQF worked on MetS were AKT1, INSR, PPARs, FASN, LDLR, TNF, CRP, IL-6, IL-1β and so on. Furthermore, these targets were related to pathways in cellular response to lipid, inflammatory response, glucose transmembrane transport and insulin resistance. Finally, the animal experiments validated that LQF inhibited lipids accumulation by inhibiting the gene expression of FASN and increasing ADPN, and it relieved insulin resistance by increasing GLUT-4 expression. Moreover, LQF alleviated inflammation by reducing IL-6 and CRP levels. CONCLUSION LQF exerted anti-MetS effects through improving insulin sensitivity, ameliorating hyperlipidemia and obesity, reducing liver injury, and inhibiting inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Baotian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jialuo He
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zijun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Senlin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yali Tuo
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ran Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab, Cluster and Grid Computing Lab, School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Ming Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Nyero A, Anywar GU, Achaye I, Malinga GM. Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activities of some wild edible plants locally consumed by rural communities in northern Uganda. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1070031. [PMID: 37081916 PMCID: PMC10111026 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1070031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acalypha rhomboidea, Asystacia gangetica, Crassocephalum sacrobasis, Crotalaria ochroleuca, Heterosis rotundifolia, Hibiscus cannabinus, Hibiscus sp., Hibiscus surratensis, Ipomoea eriocarpa, Maerua angolensis, Senna obtusifolia and Vigna membranacea are among the common wild edible plants in the Acholi sub-region, northern Uganda. This study evaluated the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant potential of the plants. Methods Fresh leaves collected from each plant species were air-dried under shade. The phytochemical contents of the ethanol and petroleum ether extracts were determined using standard protocols. The antioxidant content of the methanolic extracts was assessed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Results Preliminary phytochemical analyses indicated the presence of tannins, reducing compounds, alkaloids, flavonoids, flavons aglycones, flavanosides, anthracenosides, anthocyanosides, volatile oils, coumarins, steroid glycosides, sterols and triterpenes. However, the extracts did not contain any emodols and saponins. The results of the quantitative phytochemical analysis showed that the contents of different phytochemicals detected varied significantly (p < 0.05) among the selected plants. The amount of tannins in mg/g (gallic acid equivalent) of dry weight varied from 3.90 ± 0.16 in C. ochroleuca to 10.41 ± 0.78 in I. eriocarpa, total flavonoids in RE, mg/g dry matter from 4.07 ± 0.11 in I. eriocarpa to 14.94 ± 0.08 in S. obtusifolia. Total alkaloids in mg/100 g ranged from 1.59 ± 0.30 in I. eriocarpa to 6.37 ± 0.24 in Hibiscus sp. Total phenolic content in GAE, mg/g dry matter ranged from 13.39 ± 0.26 in A. rhomboidea to 64.25 ± 0.54 in I. eriocarpa. The in vitro antioxidant assays revealed substantial free radical scavenging activity in all the plants. Antioxidant activity expressed as IC50 (ppm) ranged from 13.39 for A. rhomboidea to 64.84 for I. eriocarpa, compared to 12.82 for ascorbic acid standard. The total phenolic compounds and total tannins had significant and positive correlations with DPPH free radical scavenging activity. Conclusion The findings of this study provide evidence that the species are good natural sources of phytochemicals and antioxidants, whose regular consumption could provide human health benefits by protecting against oxidative stress related diseases. Further research is needed on the structural characterization of the phytochemicals, profiling the plant extracts with high antioxidant activity and determining the antimicrobial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred Nyero
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda
| | - Godwin Upoki Anywar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Innocent Achaye
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda
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Iranpanah A, Kooshki L, Moradi SZ, Saso L, Fakhri S, Khan H. The Exosome-Mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway in Neurological Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15031006. [PMID: 36986865 PMCID: PMC10057486 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15031006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
As major public health concerns associated with a rapidly growing aging population, neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) and neurological diseases are important causes of disability and mortality. Neurological diseases affect millions of people worldwide. Recent studies have indicated that apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress are the main players of NDDs and have critical roles in neurodegenerative processes. During the aforementioned inflammatory/apoptotic/oxidative stress procedures, the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays a crucial role. Considering the functional and structural aspects of the blood-brain barrier, drug delivery to the central nervous system is relatively challenging. Exosomes are nanoscale membrane-bound carriers that can be secreted by cells and carry several cargoes, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and metabolites. Exosomes significantly take part in the intercellular communications due to their specific features including low immunogenicity, flexibility, and great tissue/cell penetration capabilities. Due to their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, these nano-sized structures have been introduced as proper vehicles for central nervous system drug delivery by multiple studies. In the present systematic review, we highlight the potential therapeutic effects of exosomes in the context of NDDs and neurological diseases by targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Iranpanah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
- USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
| | - Leila Kooshki
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415153, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
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Naringin: Nanotechnological Strategies for Potential Pharmaceutical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030863. [PMID: 36986723 PMCID: PMC10054771 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols comprise a number of natural substances, such as flavonoids, that show interesting biological effects. Among these substances is naringin, a naturally occurring flavanone glycoside found in citrus fruits and Chinese medicinal herbs. Several studies have shown that naringin has numerous biological properties, including cardioprotective, cholesterol-lowering, anti-Alzheimer’s, nephroprotective, antiageing, antihyperglycemic, antiosteoporotic and gastroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiapoptotic, anticancer and antiulcer effects. Despite its multiple benefits, the clinical application of naringin is severely restricted due to its susceptibility to oxidation, poor water solubility, and dissolution rate. In addition, naringin shows instability at acidic pH, is enzymatically metabolized by β-glycosidase in the stomach and is degraded in the bloodstream when administered intravenously. These limitations, however, have been overcome thanks to the development of naringin nanoformulations. This review summarizes recent research carried out on strategies designed to improve naringin’s bioactivity for potential therapeutic applications.
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Capsicum baccatum Red Pepper Prevents Cardiometabolic Risk in Rats Fed with an Ultra-Processed Diet. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030385. [PMID: 36984825 PMCID: PMC10052057 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a serious health condition reaching epidemic proportions worldwide and is closely linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular problems. The lack of appropriate treatment paves the way for developing new therapeutic agents as a high priority in the current research. In this study, we evaluated the protective effects of Capsicum baccatum red pepper on metabolic syndrome scenarios induced by an ultra-processed diet in rats. After four months, the ultra-processed diet increased central obesity, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol plasma levels, and impaired glucose tolerance. The oral administration of C. baccatum concomitantly with the ultra-processed diet avoided the accumulation of adipose tissue in the visceral region, reduced the total cholesterol and LDL fraction, and improved glucose homeostasis, factors commonly associated with metabolic syndrome. The data presented herein reveal an important preventive action of C. baccatum in developing metabolic disorders among animals fed a hypercaloric diet, significantly reducing their cardiometabolic risk. Allied with the absence of toxic effects after chronic use, our study suggests C. baccatum red pepper as a secure and enriched source of bioactive compounds promising to protect against pathological processes associated with metabolic syndrome.
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Nikolic D, Bosco L, Moschetti M, Tinnirello V, Pucci M, Corleone V, Raimondo S, Alessandro R, Fontana S. Anti-inflammatory properties of an aldehydes-enriched fraction of grapefruit essential oil. J Food Sci 2023; 88:1172-1187. [PMID: 36651875 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is linked to the development of numerous diseases and is accompanied by increased cytokine secretion. Macrophages provide a first line of defense against pathogens that under inflammatory stimuli release pro-inflammatory cytokines. The essential oil (EO) fractions obtained from Citrus spp. rich in different compounds have gained the attention of both researchers and users during the last decades. In particular, grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) peel is rich in phenolics and flavonoids with several health benefits, including anti-inflammatory actions. Additionally, its EO consists of a large number of compounds such as monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, and oxides. Among the methods for encapsulating EOs, spray-drying is the main one. In the present study, we aimed to determine the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of EO from C. paradisi (grapefruit essential oil [GEO]) (whole and fractions) in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation model. Results indicate that Fr-GEO and Fr-GEO_SD exert protective effects against LPS-induced inflammation by decreasing gene expression and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines as IL-6 and TNF-α. Monoterpenes as the most common components, as well as aldehydes and sesquiterpenes, might be responsible for such effects, although a synergistic action is not excluded. Furthermore, a higher percent of aldehydes is linked to improved olfactory properties. Our findings support the anti-inflammatory effects of selected Fr-GEO with a great potential for the development of new nutraceuticals and/or functional food for the treatment of inflammatory-associated diseases. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The findings of this study support the anti-inflammatory effects of selected Fr-GEO with a great potential for the development of new nutraceuticals and/or functional food for the treatment of inflammatory-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Nikolic
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Liana Bosco
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marta Moschetti
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenza Tinnirello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Agrumaria Corleone s.p.a., Palermo, Italy
| | - Marzia Pucci
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Raimondo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Simona Fontana
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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48
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Naringenin and Hesperidin as Promising Alternatives for Prevention and Co-Adjuvant Therapy for Breast Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030586. [PMID: 36978836 PMCID: PMC10045673 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus (genus Citrus L.) fruits are essential sources of bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties, such as flavonoids. These polyphenolic compounds are divided into subclasses, in which flavanones are the most prominent. Among them, naringenin and hesperidin are emerging compounds with anticancer potential, especially for breast cancer (BC). Several mechanisms have been proposed, including the modulation of epigenetics, estrogen signaling, induction of cell death via regulation of apoptotic signaling pathways, and inhibition of tumor invasion and metastasis. However, this information is sparse in the literature and needs to be brought together to provide an overview of how naringenin and hesperidin can serve as therapeutic tools for drug development and as a successful co-adjuvant strategy against BC. This review detailed such mechanisms in this context and highlighted how naringenin and hesperidin could interfere in BC carcinogenesis and be helpful as potential alternative therapeutic sources for breast cancer treatment.
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49
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Gan J, Guo L, Zhang X, Yu Q, Yang Q, Zhang Y, Zeng W, Jiang X, Guo M. Anti-inflammatory therapy of atherosclerosis: focusing on IKKβ. J Inflamm (Lond) 2023; 20:8. [PMID: 36823573 PMCID: PMC9951513 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-023-00330-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation has been identified as a major contributor in the development of atherosclerosis. Nuclear Factor-κappa B (NF-κB) is a critical transcription factors family of the inflammatory pathway. As a major catalytic subunit of the IKK complex, IκB kinase β (IKKβ) drives canonical activation of NF-κB and is implicated in the link between inflammation and atherosclerosis, making it a promising therapeutic target. Various natural product derivatives, extracts, and synthetic, show anti-atherogenic potential by inhibiting IKKβ-mediated inflammation. This review focuses on the latest knowledge and current research landscape surrounding anti-atherosclerotic drugs that inhibit IKKβ. There will be more opportunities to fully understand the complex functions of IKKβ in atherogenesis and develop new effective therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Gan
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Guo
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qun Yu
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiuyue Yang
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yilin Zhang
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyun Zeng
- grid.459559.10000 0004 9344 2915Oncology department, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi China
| | - Xijuan Jiang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Maojuan Guo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
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50
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Grape, Pomegranate, Olive, and Tomato By-Products Fed to Dairy Ruminants Improve Milk Fatty Acid Profile without Depressing Milk Production. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040865. [PMID: 36832939 PMCID: PMC9957115 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The continuous increase in the cost of feeds and the need to improve the sustainability of animal production require the identification of alternative feeds, such as those derived from the agro-industrial sector, that can be effectively used for animal nutrition. Since these by-products (BP) are sources of bioactive substances, especially polyphenols, they may play an important role as a new resource for improving the nutritional value of animal-derived products, being effective in the modulation of the biohydrogenation process in the rumen, and, hence, in the composition of milk fatty acids (FA). The main objective of this work was to evaluate if the inclusion of BP in the diets of dairy ruminants, as a partial replacement of concentrates, could improve the nutritional quality of dairy products without having negative effects on animal production traits. To meet this goal, we summarized the effects of widespread agro-industrial by-products such as grape pomace or grape marc, pomegranate, olive cake, and tomato pomace on milk production, milk composition, and FA profile in dairy cows, sheep, and goats. The results evidenced that substitution of part of the ratio ingredients, mainly concentrates, in general, does not affect milk production and its main components, but at the highest tested doses, it can depress the yield within the range of 10-12%. However, the general positive effect on milk FA profile was evident by using almost all BP at different tested doses. The inclusion of these BP in the ration, from 5% up to 40% of dry matter (DM), did not depress milk yield, fat, or protein production, demonstrating positive features in terms of both economic and environmental sustainability and the reduction of human-animal competition for food. The general improvement of the nutritional quality of milk fat related to the inclusion of these BP in dairy ruminant diets is an important advantage for the commercial promotion of dairy products resulting from the recycling of agro-industrial by-products.
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